163 lines
23 KiB
XML
163 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="2C20D8E10942F2DAB9338791E12F6A84" ID-CLB-Dataset="224103" ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2022.016" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a360f5c7-16da-4c69-afbe-01e6ad032418" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522801" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1673382488781" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R., Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard, Mendes, Mário Miguel & Kvaček, Jiří" docDate="2022" docId="03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.78.2.341-424.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 78 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Asteropollis R. W. HEDL. et G. NORRIS. Closely" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="362" masterDocId="FFC4FF8AFFFDFFEEFFBFFFFFC378FFA6" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="361" updateTime="1728648832095" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="86C275572DC1DAC93F0C6E56EB281BC9">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38AE75D4DC0EEC37180A4FF1A958E948">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4F34EA6C6CCBEEE70D8AD6F48C3592E4">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B978EAAECC334C54F70D048287179BE5">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="489FD882FFF2CFDCFDC57233970AEE56">Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5369981C9898604C985CCFA49959632A">Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D2DB4D00C406466A8FB3351AD327A769">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9C2B78277A11779E4B2C927916F6F711">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" ID-GBIF-Taxon="243380112" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" blockId="20.[926,1398,1791,1816]" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
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<heading id="D0A38188FFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" bold="true" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
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Stamen with
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFB8BF900C7C7F8B1" authority="R. W. HEDL. et G. NORRIS. Closely" authorityName="R. W. HEDL. et G. NORRIS. Closely" box="[1076,1215,1791,1815]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFB8BF900C7C7F8B1" bold="true" box="[1076,1215,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Asteropollis-</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFE9FFFAFB00F8FFC788F8BE" box="[1215,1264,1792,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">type</typeStatus>
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pollen sp. 1
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFE9FFFBFB85F8DEC6D5FA52" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFAFB85F8DEC7A3F89F" blockId="20.[1082,1243,1825,1849]" box="[1082,1243,1825,1849]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFB85F8DEC7A3F89F" box="[1082,1243,1825,1849]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 14a–e</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFBFCCEF8ADC213F9F1" blockId="20.[843,1482,1874,2100]" lastBlockId="21.[106,745,1270,1623]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
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Description and remarks. The species is based on a single stamen with numerous
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFAFEF88CC001F808" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Asteropollistype</emphasis>
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pollen grains in situ. The stamen is slightly abraded, both apically and also at the base, but is estimated to have been about
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<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE9FFFAFC75F826C770F856" box="[970,1032,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long. The anther is about
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<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE9FFFAFA95F826C605F856" box="[1322,1405,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
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broad, tetrasporangiate with two pairs of pollen sacs (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFA8DF805C6C5F7B4" box="[1330,1469,2042,2066]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 14a</figureCitation>
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). Pollen is tetrachotomocolpate, circular in equatorial outline and about 20–23 µm in diameter (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFE48FB09C1DFFAA8" box="[503,679,1270,1294]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14b–d</figureCitation>
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). The arms of the aperture are short and do not reach the equator. The aperture margins are poorly defined and the aperture membrane is covered by irregular verrucae (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFDEAFAA6C302FA34" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14c, d</figureCitation>
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). The exine is semitectate-reticulate, columellate, with long, scattered columellae about 0.9 µm long that become thinner toward the base (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFED0FA44C283FA72" box="[367,507,1467,1492]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14e</figureCitation>
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). Lumina are irregular in shape, up to about 1.5 µm in diameter. Muri are about 0.5 µm wide with a rounded profile and are ornamented by minute verrucae aligned in two rows along the margins of the muri (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFF6EF9C0C226F9F1" box="[209,350,1599,1623]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14e</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF2B666CFFE8FFFBFFC2FBF8C118FB09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" startId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" targetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" targetPageId="21">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE8FFFBFFC2FBF8C118FB09" blockId="21.[125,1440,1031,1199]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">
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Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFB3DFBF8C65FFBBA" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1154,1319,1031,1052]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFB3DFBF8C65FFBBA" bold="true" box="[1154,1319,1031,1052]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE8FFFBFF2FF990C6D5FA52" blockId="21.[106,745,1647,2099]" lastBlockId="21.[820,1459,1270,1524]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE8FFFBFF2FF990C3DBF921" box="[144,163,1647,1671]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
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and other occurrences. The in situ pollen grains are closely similar in size, shape and aperture configuration to pollen found attached to the surface of specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFE10F92DC1D0F94C" box="[431,680,1746,1770]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystallifera">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFE10F92DC1D0F94C" box="[431,680,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Hedyflora crystallifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Catefica (above), and also specimens from Buarcos, the
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<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFE8FFFBFD04F90BC191F8AA" box="[699,745,1780,1804]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">type</typeStatus>
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locality for
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFF51F8EBC142F88A" authority="(Friis et al. 2019 b)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[238,570,1812,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFF51F8EBC221F88A" box="[238,345,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Hedyflora</emphasis>
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE8FFFBFED4F8EBC14AF88A" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[363,562,1812,1836]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" pagination="232 - 239" refId="ref55508" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 b): Hedyosmum - like fossils in the Early Cretaceous diversification of angiosperms. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 180: 232 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 701819" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We consider it likely that this stamen, and the pistillate structures assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFF35F8A8C249F8C8" box="[138,305,1878,1902]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystallifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFF35F8A8C3E5F8C8" box="[138,157,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFF10F8A9C249F8C8" box="[175,305,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">crystallifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are from the unisexual flowers of the same plant species. In the size of the pollen grains, pollen shape, aperture configuration and details of the pollen wall the fossil stamen is also closely similar to material from the Torres Vedras locality described as “Stamen with in situ
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFFD5F805C26BF7B4" box="[106,275,2042,2066]" genus="Asteropollis" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFFD5F805C392F7B4" box="[106,234,2042,2066]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Asteropollis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pollen” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE8FFFBFEC1F805C13BF7B5" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[382,579,2042,2067]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" pagination="153 - 257" refId="ref55433" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 a): The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal: a palaeofloristic analysis of an early angiosperm community. - Fossil Imprint, 75: 153 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2019 - 0013" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Pollen grains associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFEA3F7E3C2BAF795" box="[284,450,2075,2099]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystallifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFEA3F7E3C257F795" box="[284,303,2076,2099]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">H</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFEFFF7E4C2BAF795" box="[320,450,2075,2099]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">crystallifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Buarcos locality include tetrachotomocolpate as well as trichotomocolpate forms, while in the Catefica mesofossil flora stamens with both tri- and tetrachotomocolpate pollen have not been found. Dispersed pollen grains assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFAB1FAA7C0D9FA37" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asteroides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFAB1FAA7C6F6FAD6" box="[1294,1422,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Asteropollis</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFC8BFA86C0D9FA37" box="[820,929,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">asteroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are reported from early Aptian to middle Albian strata from coastal sections in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3437674FFE8FFFBFB66FA65C64BFA14" box="[1241,1331,1434,1458]" name="Portugal" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||
are closely similar to the in situ grains from Catefica in both size and their tetrachotomocolpate aperture (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE8FFFBFB0EFA23C6DAFA52" author="Heimhofer, U. & Hochuli, P. A. & Burla, S. & Weissert, H." box="[1201,1442,1500,1524]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" pagination="39 - 76" refId="ref57760" refString="Heimhofer, U., Hochuli, P. A., Burla, S., Weissert, H. (2007): New records of Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from Portuguese coastal deposits: Implications for the timing of the early angiosperm radiation. - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 144: 39 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2005.09.006" type="journal article" year="2007">Heimhofer et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |