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<mods:title id="D21630102B06B6C5188D695C774A4039">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3E27475420BE1FDB2273B32F73145CC7">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFC3FFD0FE36F874C6EEFCA7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="243380157" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFC3FFD0FE36F874C6EEFCA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFC3FFD0FE36F874C6EEFCA7" lastPageNumber="403" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFC3FFD0FE36F874C165F805" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2018" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[393,541,1931,1955]" genus="Pazliopsis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" rank="species" species="undertemined">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFC3FFD0FE36F874C28FF805" bold="true" box="[393,503,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">Pazliopsis</emphasis>
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sp.
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFC3FFD0FE3EF853C15CF862" blockId="62.[385,548,1931,1988]" box="[385,548,1964,1988]" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFC3FFD0FE3EF853C15CF862" box="[385,548,1964,1988]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="68.[147,226,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,151,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-52@68.[144,1465,148,1614]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, d–i) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c) images of “One-seeded fruit sp. 2” (a–c), “Unassigned, unnamed fruits” (d–f), Pazliopsis sp. (g, h) and “Follicular fruit with exotestal seeds” (i); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of fruit showing remains of tepals (te) and a single stamen (st); b) Detail of fruit surface showing short, scale-like, peltate trichomes (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0475) of fruit containing a single seed showing tepals (te) and fruit surface with peltate trichomes (arrow); note partial preservation of internal nutritive tissue; d) Fruit in lateral view showing the almost smooth epidermis with scattered openings; e) Detail of fruit surface from (d) showing the scattered openings in the epidermis interpreted as burst secretory cells (arrows); f) Dorsi-ventral view of tiny fruit with an irregular surface; g) Lateral view of exotestal seed assigned to cf. Pazliopsis sp.; h) Detail of fruit surface of seed in (g) showing faint facets of outer palisade layer with fine jigsaw-puzzle outlines of the anticlinal walls; i) Lateral view of fragmentary follicular fruit showing two exposed exotestal seeds. Specimens, Catefica 153-S174314 (a–c), Catefica 50-S170420 (d, e), Catefica 152-S174300 (f), Catefica 49-S172319 (g, h), Catefica MM158-P0272 (i). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d, f, g, i), 100 Μm (e), 50 Μm (b, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522904/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">
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Text-fig.
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||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFC3FFD0FE5DF853C175F862" box="[482,525,1964,1988]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.8" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" unit="g" value="48.0">48g</quantity>
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, h
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</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFC3FFD0FF19F823C0A4FE17" blockId="62.[129,768,2011,2100]" lastBlockId="62.[843,1482,151,433]" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">
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Description and remarks. The material comprises several small, isolated, bilaterally symmetrical seeds that are about
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<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFC3FFD0FED1F7E3C2AAF795" box="[366,466,2076,2100]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" unit="mm" value="0.85">0.85 mm</quantity>
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long, and
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<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFC3FFD0FDEDF7E3C1CEF795" box="[594,694,2076,2100]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
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broad in the dorsi-ventral direction (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFC3FFD0FB17FF68C646FF16" box="[1192,1342,151,176]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="68.[147,226,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,151,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-52@68.[144,1465,148,1614]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, d–i) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c) images of “One-seeded fruit sp. 2” (a–c), “Unassigned, unnamed fruits” (d–f), Pazliopsis sp. (g, h) and “Follicular fruit with exotestal seeds” (i); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of fruit showing remains of tepals (te) and a single stamen (st); b) Detail of fruit surface showing short, scale-like, peltate trichomes (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0475) of fruit containing a single seed showing tepals (te) and fruit surface with peltate trichomes (arrow); note partial preservation of internal nutritive tissue; d) Fruit in lateral view showing the almost smooth epidermis with scattered openings; e) Detail of fruit surface from (d) showing the scattered openings in the epidermis interpreted as burst secretory cells (arrows); f) Dorsi-ventral view of tiny fruit with an irregular surface; g) Lateral view of exotestal seed assigned to cf. Pazliopsis sp.; h) Detail of fruit surface of seed in (g) showing faint facets of outer palisade layer with fine jigsaw-puzzle outlines of the anticlinal walls; i) Lateral view of fragmentary follicular fruit showing two exposed exotestal seeds. Specimens, Catefica 153-S174314 (a–c), Catefica 50-S170420 (d, e), Catefica 152-S174300 (f), Catefica 49-S172319 (g, h), Catefica MM158-P0272 (i). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d, f, g, i), 100 Μm (e), 50 Μm (b, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522904/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">
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Text-fig.
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<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFC3FFD0FAACFF67C646FF16" box="[1299,1342,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.8" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" unit="g" value="48.0">48g</quantity>
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</figureCitation>
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). The seeds are anatropous and bitegmic. They are elliptical to almost circular in outline, rounded at the chalazal end and truncate at the micropylar end. The hilar scar is almost circular in outline and lacks a hilar rim. The outer epidermis of the outer integument consists of palisade-shaped cells with thickened wavy anticlinal walls that result in a jigsaw-puzzle like surface pattern (
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||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFC3FFD0FB98FE87C7CFFE36" box="[1063,1207,376,400]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="68.[147,226,1627,1648]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,151,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-52@68.[144,1465,148,1614]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, d–i) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c) images of “One-seeded fruit sp. 2” (a–c), “Unassigned, unnamed fruits” (d–f), Pazliopsis sp. (g, h) and “Follicular fruit with exotestal seeds” (i); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of fruit showing remains of tepals (te) and a single stamen (st); b) Detail of fruit surface showing short, scale-like, peltate trichomes (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0475) of fruit containing a single seed showing tepals (te) and fruit surface with peltate trichomes (arrow); note partial preservation of internal nutritive tissue; d) Fruit in lateral view showing the almost smooth epidermis with scattered openings; e) Detail of fruit surface from (d) showing the scattered openings in the epidermis interpreted as burst secretory cells (arrows); f) Dorsi-ventral view of tiny fruit with an irregular surface; g) Lateral view of exotestal seed assigned to cf. Pazliopsis sp.; h) Detail of fruit surface of seed in (g) showing faint facets of outer palisade layer with fine jigsaw-puzzle outlines of the anticlinal walls; i) Lateral view of fragmentary follicular fruit showing two exposed exotestal seeds. Specimens, Catefica 153-S174314 (a–c), Catefica 50-S170420 (d, e), Catefica 152-S174300 (f), Catefica 49-S172319 (g, h), Catefica MM158-P0272 (i). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d, f, g, i), 100 Μm (e), 50 Μm (b, h)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522904/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">Text-fig. 48h</figureCitation>
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). The inner integument is membranous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFC3FFD0FCCEFE37C6EEFCA7" blockId="62.[843,1482,456,769]" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FCCEFE37C0FCFE46" box="[881,900,456,480]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
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and other occurrences. The seeds described here closely resemble seeds of
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFC3FFD0FAE3FE17C00BFD86" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">Pazliopsis reyi</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FCC4FDF6C0F5FD86" box="[891,909,521,544]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
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||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FC2EFDF6C0D3FD86" box="[913,939,521,544]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FC10FDF6C09BFDB9" box="[943,995,521,544]" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">FRIIS</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FC4DFDF6C779FD86" box="[1010,1025,521,544]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FBBBFDF6C76EFD86" box="[1028,1046,521,544]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">R</collectionCode>
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||||
.
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FBA5FDF7C719FDB9" box="[1050,1121,520,544]" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">CRANE</collectionCode>
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||||
et
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FB3AFDF6C7E3FD86" box="[1157,1179,521,544]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFC3FFD0FB21FDF6C7C8FD86" box="[1182,1200,521,544]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">R</collectionCode>
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.PEDERSEN from the Torres Vedras mesofossil flora in shape, surface ornamentation and seed coat anatomy (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFC3FFD0FB91FDB7C78DFDC6" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1070,1269,584,608]" pageId="62" pageNumber="403" pagination="135 - 158" refId="ref55154" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2018 c): Extinct taxa of exotestal seeds close to Austrobaileyales and Nymphaeales from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - Fossil Imprint, 74: 135 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2018 - 0010" type="journal article" year="2018">Friis et al. 2018c</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
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). However, the seeds from Catefica are larger and the hilar scar is not as pronounced as in the seeds from Torres Vedras. The Catefica seeds are also circular rather than elongate-ovate.
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFC3FFD0FCF4FD36C09FFD47" box="[843,999,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="403">Pazliopsis reyi</emphasis>
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is thought to be related to members of extant
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and
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(Friis at al. 2018c).
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</paragraph>
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<mods:namePart id="300DC493D4D4B2F73B9C0F3900EFA172">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1FA78F8D943DE4082C14838B7F9FB626">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="590A944FC44151FEE437A67E0C5012BC">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CDE6D593C53E92652F31423939D1C48D">Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="51CC6C80ED8518E1C403B2A94567CB21">Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FFD05AA08CD01ABA234C9D189F5E6A61">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C773F9A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C773F9A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C773F9A6" lastPageNumber="387" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C17BFA49" blockId="46.[380,515,1494,1519]" box="[380,515,1494,1519]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
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<heading id="D0A38188FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C17BFA49" box="[380,515,1494,1519]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C17BFA49" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2019" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" box="[380,515,1494,1519]" genus="Teebacia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C17BFA49" bold="true" box="[380,515,1494,1519]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFD3FFC0FEC3FA29C2A5FA48" bold="true" box="[380,477,1494,1518]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Teebacia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFD3FFC0FED0FA08C773F9A6" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFD3FFC0FED0FA08C169F9A9" blockId="46.[367,529,1527,1551]" box="[367,529,1527,1551]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFD3FFC0FED0FA08C169F9A9" box="[367,529,1527,1551]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="49.[125,206,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-390@49.[122,1443,148,1111]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Text-fig. 31c–e</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFD3FFC0FF19F9D9C259F878" blockId="46.[129,768,1574,2014]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
|
||||
Description and remarks. The material consists of several isolated pollen grains observed adhering to the outer surface of a flower of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFD3FFC0FE61F999C1C2F9D8" box="[478,698,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
|
||||
Saportanthus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFD3FFC0FDCEF998C1C2F9D8" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Serialis" authorityYear="2017" box="[625,698,1639,1662]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvus">parvus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(Textfig. 31c–e). The pollen grains are small, about 14 µm long, almost circular in equatorial outline, and monocolpate. The colpus is partly concealed and its full length is unknown, but it does not extend beyond the equator. The exine is semitectate-reticulate and columellate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFD3FFC0FDEAF8F9C18BF8B8" box="[597,755,1798,1822]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="49.[125,206,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-390@49.[122,1443,148,1111]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Text-fig. 31e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The reticulum is coarse and heterobrochate with lumina of various sizes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFD3FFC0FE80F8B9C2B7F8F8" box="[319,463,1862,1886]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="49.[125,206,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-390@49.[122,1443,148,1111]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Text-fig. 31e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The muri have a rounded profile and are prominently ornamented with narrow, transverse ridges that extend laterally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFD3FFC0FDE5F879C18BF838" box="[602,755,1926,1950]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="49.[125,206,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-390@49.[122,1443,148,1111]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Text-fig. 31e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Columellae are scattered with fine granular ornamentation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFD3FFC0FF37F839C26CF878" box="[136,276,1990,2014]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="49.[125,206,1124,1145]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1108]" captionTargetId="figure-390@49.[122,1443,148,1111]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Text-fig. 31. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated pollen of Piercipollis sp. (a, b) and Teebacia sp. (c–e); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Isolated pollen grain (arrow) adhering to the much larger pollen of Araucariacites sp. in fragment of a conifer cone; note the size difference between the angiosperm and conifer pollen that is typical in Early Cretaceous floras; b) Pollen grain in (a) enlarged showing the extended aperture and homobrochate reticulum with smooth muri supported by long, scattered, columellae; c) Isolated pollen grains adhering to the outer surface of a Saportanthus parvus flower; d) Pollen grain in (c) enlarged showing the open reticulum and muri ornamented by fine transverse ribs; e) Detail of pollen grain in (d) showing the muri supported by long, scattered columellae; note the fine transverse ribs on the muri. Specimens, Catefica 49-S170139-01 (a, b), Catefica 361-S174322-01 (c–e). Scale bars = 50 Μm (a), 20 Μm (c), 6 Μm (b, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522869" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522869/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Text-fig. 31e</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFD3FFC0FF19F80AC773F9A6" blockId="46.[129,768,2037,2093]" lastBlockId="46.[843,1482,1224,1536]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FF19F80AC3C1F7AB" box="[166,185,2037,2061]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences.Thegenus
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFD3FFC0FF3EF7EAC398F78B" box="[129,224,2069,2093]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Teebacia</emphasis>
|
||||
was established for anthers with in situ pollen from the Torres Vedras locality (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFD3FFC0FBC6FB37C646FB46" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1145,1342,1224,1248]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" pagination="153 - 257" refId="ref55433" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 a): The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal: a palaeofloristic analysis of an early angiosperm community. - Fossil Imprint, 75: 153 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2019 - 0013" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The pollen grains from Catefica are closely similar in their overall appearance to pollen of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFD3FFC0FBC8FAF7C7DDFA86" box="[1143,1189,1288,1312]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFD3FFC0FAB7FAF7C6B1FA86" box="[1288,1481,1288,1312]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Teebacia hughesii</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FCF4FAD7C025FA99" box="[843,861,1320,1343]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FCDFFAD7C002FA99" box="[864,890,1320,1343]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FCC1FAD7C0CAFA98" box="[894,946,1320,1343]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">FRIIS</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FC77FAD7C0AFFA99" box="[968,983,1320,1343]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FC65FAD7C094FA99" box="[986,1004,1320,1343]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FC4FFAD7C74FFA98" box="[1008,1079,1320,1344]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">CRANE</collectionCode>
|
||||
et
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FBD7FAD7C706FA99" box="[1128,1150,1320,1343]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFD3FFC0FB3DFAD7C7ECFA99" box="[1154,1172,1320,1343]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.PEDERSEN, but the Catefica grains are smaller and the transverse ribbing of the muri is coarser and more pronounced. The Catefica pollen is more similar to grains recorded from the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4990F806FFD3FFC0FB7DFA77C789FA06" box="[1218,1265,1416,1440]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Vale</collectingRegion>
|
||||
de Água mesofossil flora as “Pollen
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFD3FFC0FBBEFA57C74EFA66" box="[1025,1078,1448,1472]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
I.1” that are 13–14 µm in diameter and that show similar coarse transverse ribbing on the muri (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFD3FFC0FCEDFA17C087F9A6" author="Friis, E. M. & Pedersen, K. R. & Crane, P. R." box="[850,1023,1512,1536]" pageId="46" pageNumber="387" pagination="259 - 296" refId="ref56749" refString="Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R., Crane, P. R. (1999): Early angiosperm diversification: the diversity of pollen associated with angiosperm reproductive structures in Early Cretaceous floras. - Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 86: 259 - 296. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2666179" type="journal article" year="1999">Friis et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
159
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFE0FFF3FCE7FEF8C7AAFB25.xml
Normal file
159
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFE0FFF3FCE7FEF8C7AAFB25.xml
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
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<mods:title id="0D7C621BC143A45DBB14157CC860232B">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C7CF80CA0CBCC0663AEF3B7D693D63B8">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BB102BFD32DF16ECA9044CCB2EA2295E">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FCE7FEF8C79BFE99" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2019" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2019" genus="Choffaticarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" rank="species" species="compactus">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FCE7FEF8C702FEB9" bold="true" box="[856,1146,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Choffaticarpus compactus</emphasis>
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.
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.
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,
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.
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FA94FEF8C60BFEB8" box="[1323,1395,263,287]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">CRANE</collectionCode>
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et
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.
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.PEDERSEN, 2019
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE0FFF3FB9DFEB7C7BDFEF9" blockId="29.[1058,1221,328,352]" box="[1058,1221,328,352]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE0FFF3FB9DFEB7C7BDFEF9" box="[1058,1221,328,352]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Text-fig. 19d, e</figureCitation>
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Description and remarks. The material comprises a fragment of an apocarpous, multicarpellate fruiting structure with tightly packed, helically arranged fruitlets (
|
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE0FFF3FC29FE27C75DFE56" box="[918,1061,472,496]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Text-fig. 19d</figureCitation>
|
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), as well as several isolated fruitlets (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE0FFF3FC84FE07C0ABFDB6" box="[827,979,504,528]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Text-fig. 19e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The fruitlets are strongly compressed laterally with a short attachment scar on the adaxial face, and a distinctive deep furrow on the diamond-shaped abaxial face (
|
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE0FFF3FC84FDA7C09EFDD7" box="[827,998,600,625]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Text-fig. 19d, e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each fruitlet contains a single seed. The large circular, sunken regions seen in many fruitlets (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE0FFF3FAE7FD86C022FD17" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Text-fig. 19e</figureCitation>
|
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) may be collapsed oil cells, but details of the outer cell layers of the fruit wall are not clear from
|
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FB5EFD46C644FD77" box="[1249,1340,697,721]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">SRXTM</collectionCode>
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analyses.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE0FFF3FCE5FD16C7AAFB25" blockId="29.[820,1460,744,1155]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FCE5FD16C015FCA7" box="[858,877,745,769]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
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and other occurrences.
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FAECFD17C080FC86" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Choffaticarpus compactus</emphasis>
|
||||
was formally described from the Torres Vedras mesofossil flora (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE0FFF3FBF9FCD6C670FCE7" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1094,1288,809,833]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" pagination="153 - 257" refId="ref55433" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 a): The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal: a palaeofloristic analysis of an early angiosperm community. - Fossil Imprint, 75: 153 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2019 - 0013" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
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) and compared to pistillate structures of extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FB2AFCB6C6CBFCC6" authority="KAEMPF. ex JUSS." authorityName="JUSS." box="[1173,1459,841,865]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Kadsura" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FB2AFCB6C789FCC7" box="[1173,1265,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Kadsura</emphasis>
|
||||
KAEMPF. ex JUSS.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FCDDFC96C757FC27" authority="MICHX." authorityName="MICHX." box="[866,1071,873,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" genus="Schisandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FCDDFC96C0A2FC27" box="[866,986,873,897]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Schisandra</emphasis>
|
||||
MICHX.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FB82FC96C79EFC27" box="[1085,1254,873,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Schisandraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Schisandraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FB4FFC96C6D0FC27" authorityName="TAKHT. ex REVEAL" authorityYear="1992" box="[1264,1448,873,897]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Austrobaileyales" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Austrobaileyales</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). However,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FC13FC76C734FC07" box="[940,1100,905,929]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Choffaticarpus</emphasis>
|
||||
differs in seed coat structure and the systematic relationships of the fossil are currently unresolved (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE0FFF3FC05FC35C702FC44" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[954,1146,970,994]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" pagination="153 - 257" refId="ref55433" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 a): The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal: a palaeofloristic analysis of an early angiosperm community. - Fossil Imprint, 75: 153 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2019 - 0013" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FB32FC35C7D8FC44" box="[1165,1184,970,994]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
complete
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FAACFC35C6CBFC44" box="[1299,1459,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Choffaticarpus</emphasis>
|
||||
fruiting structure, as well as fragments of fruiting structures and isolated fruitlets, are also known from the Buarcos mesofossil flora (see comments in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE0FFF3FB05FBD5C603FBE4" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1210,1403,1066,1090]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" pagination="153 - 257" refId="ref55433" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 a): The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal: a palaeofloristic analysis of an early angiosperm community. - Fossil Imprint, 75: 153 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2019 - 0013" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and will be the subject of future studies (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FB05FBB4C7B6FBC5" box="[1210,1230,1099,1123]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FB67FBB4C78BFBC4" box="[1240,1267,1099,1122]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Friis,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FA84FBB4C632FBC4" box="[1339,1354,1099,1122]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FAEBFBB4C611FBC4" box="[1364,1385,1099,1122]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Crane and
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FCDEFB94C00FFB24" box="[865,887,1131,1154]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE0FFF3FC3DFB94C0EFFB24" box="[898,919,1131,1154]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Pedersen, work in progress).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,75 +1,75 @@
|
|||
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FEE0FC86C28BFC37" box="[351,499,889,913]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pyralidae" genus="Anacostia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-d">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE0FFF3FEE0FC86C28BFC37" box="[351,499,889,913]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pyralidae" genus="Anacostia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="29" pageNumber="370" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-d">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FEE0FC86C28BFC37" bold="true" box="[351,499,889,913]" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE0FFF3FEE0FC86C2B5FC37" bold="true" box="[351,461,889,913]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="370">Anacostia</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
119
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Normal file
119
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|
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFE4FFF7FB90F935C098F7B0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="243380129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE4FFF7FB90F935C098F7B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE4FFF7FB90F935C098F7B0" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="25" pageNumber="366">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE4FFF7FB90F935C7C0F944" box="[1071,1208,1738,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Serialis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undertemined">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE4FFF7FB90F935C7FAF944" bold="true" box="[1071,1154,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="366">Serialis</emphasis>
|
||||
spp.
|
||||
</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
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Description and remarks. The Catefica mesofossil flora includes other seeds and fruits that can be assigned to the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE4FFF7FBF7F8C4C7E1F8F5" box="[1096,1177,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="366">Serialis</emphasis>
|
||||
, but that do not show the critical features needed to assign them to one of the existing species. There are more than 250 such specimens, which are housed separately or several together (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FB62F863C792F812" box="[1245,1258,1948,1972]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
105279,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FAF1F863C623F812" box="[1358,1371,1948,1972]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
105280,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FC8BF843C039F872" box="[820,833,1980,2004]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
174256,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FC1FF843C0D5F872" box="[928,941,1980,2004]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266050,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FBB3F843C761F872" box="[1036,1049,1980,2004]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
265983,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FBC8F843C7FCF872" box="[1143,1156,1980,2004]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
265984,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FB5CF843C788F872" box="[1251,1264,1980,2004]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266118,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FAF1F843C623F872" box="[1358,1371,1980,2004]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266137,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FC8BF822C039F853" box="[820,833,2013,2037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266152,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FC1FF822C0D5F853" box="[928,941,2013,2037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266157,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FBB4F822C760F853" box="[1035,1048,2013,2037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266162,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FBC9F822C7FBF853" box="[1142,1155,2013,2037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266169,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FB5DF822C797F853" box="[1250,1263,2013,2037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266181,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE4FFF7FAF2F822C622F853" box="[1357,1370,2013,2037]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266200; see also
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D6035FFFE4FFF7FC31F802C0ABF7B0" box="[910,979,2045,2070]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="71.[106,162,152,173]" captionTargetBox="[114,1435,222,2076]" captionTargetId="graphics-17@71.[106,1454,208,2082]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Table 2. Mesofossils recognized in Catefica samples 49, 50, 150–154, 242, 342, 343, 358–362, 381, 382." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2B666CFFBAFFA9FFD5FF67C711FF0B" pageId="25" pageNumber="366" tableUuid="DF2B666CFFBAFFA9FFD5FF67C711FF0B">Tab. 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
156
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156
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|
||||
<mods:title id="0278974F397DC0B942868CDCA3799B56">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D542F3F3DD149B239CEB6B7FECDE09AB">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="C82081EF61BF769AE2792D663225E7BA">http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C21AF7BB" ID-GBIF-Taxon="243380120" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C21AF7BB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C21AF7BB" lastPageNumber="368" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C161FDF7" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C161FDF7" blockId="27.[163,688,537,593]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
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<heading id="D0A38188FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C161FDF7" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C161FDF7" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2022" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="huberi">
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C161FDF7" bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE6FFF5FF1CFDE6C2E3FD97" bold="true" box="[163,411,537,561]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Aristospermum huberi</emphasis>
|
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FE1DFDE6C2CDFD97" box="[418,437,537,561]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="Herbarium">E</collectionCode>
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.
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||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FE06FDE6C2ACFD97" box="[441,468,537,561]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FE65FDE6C168FD89" box="[474,528,537,561]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">FRIIS</collectionCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FDA1FDE6C157FD97" box="[542,559,537,561]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FD8BFDE6C130FD97" box="[564,584,537,561]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">R</collectionCode>
|
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.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FDF3FDE6C1ECFD89" box="[588,660,537,561]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">CRANE</collectionCode>
|
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et
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FE86FDC6C237FDF7" box="[313,335,569,593]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FEEBFDC6C211FDF7" box="[340,361,569,593]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
.PEDERSEN, 2022
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFE6FFF5FEE6FDA5C21AF7BB" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE6FFF5FEE6FDA5C282FDD4" blockId="27.[345,506,602,626]" box="[345,506,602,626]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE6FFF5FEE6FDA5C282FDD4" box="[345,506,602,626]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Text-fig. 19a–c</figureCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE6FFF5FF2FFD75C28CFB60" blockId="27.[106,745,649,1222]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
|
||||
Description and remarks. Seeds strongly flattened, triangular in outline, about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE6FFF5FDA2FD56C10DFD67" box="[541,629,681,705]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
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long and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE6FFF5FFD5FD36C3BFFD47" box="[106,199,713,737]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" unit="mm" value="1.65">1.65 mm</quantity>
|
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broad (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE6FFF5FEA9FD35C2DBFD44" box="[278,419,714,738]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Text-fig. 19a</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The seeds are anatropous and bitegmic with an outer integument (testa) consisting of an outer layer (exotesta) of thin-walled cells and an inner layer (endotesta) of crystalliferous cells. The exotesta is typically abraded and preserved only in patches along the margins of the seed where the abraded palisade-shaped cells form an irregular border around the rest of the seed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE6FFF5FDF1FC74C1A5FC02" box="[590,733,907,932]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Text-fig. 19a</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The endotesta is one cell layer deep and each cell has one, or more rarely two, large crystals, which are seen as one or two angular imprints in the center of the cell (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE6FFF5FD8BFC13C1A5FBA2" box="[564,733,1004,1028]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Text-fig. 19a–c</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The inner integument (tegmen) has two layers of elongated fiber cells that are arranged perpendicular to each other (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE6FFF5FFCEFBB2C385FBC3" box="[113,253,1101,1125]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Text-fig. 19c</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and an inner layer of small cubic cells. The micropyle is formed from the inner integument.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FD3DFB91C1EDFB20" box="[642,661,1134,1158]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
narrow funicle extends along one margin of the seeds, but it is often only partly preserved (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE6FFF5FEE5FB51C290FB60" box="[346,488,1198,1222]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="30.[147,228,1590,1611]" captionTargetBox="[149,1462,151,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-65@30.[144,1465,148,1577]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522841/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Text-fig. 19a</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE6FFF5FF2FFB21C3A8F89D" blockId="27.[106,745,1245,2077]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE6FFF5FF2FFB21C3DBFB50" box="[144,163,1246,1270]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences. The anatomy of the seed coat of these seeds strongly suggests a relationship to extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE6FFF5FE0FFAE1C11EFA90" box="[432,614,1310,1334]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aristolochiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, including
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE6FFF5FFD5FAC1C396FAF0" box="[106,238,1342,1366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE6FFF5FFD5FAC1C396FAF0" box="[106,238,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">Aristolochia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L., which has very similar triangular and flattened seeds with a bitegmic seed coat. In extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE6FFF5FFD5FA80C265FA31" box="[106,285,1407,1431]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aristolochiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the testa, which forms from the outer integument, consists of an outer layer of thin-walled cells and an inner layer of crystalliferous inner cells. The tegmen, which forms from the inner integument, consists of two layers of fibrous cells that are more or less perpendicular to each other and an inner layer of cubic cells (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE6FFF5FD22F9DEC3DCF9FF" author="Corner, E. J. H." pageId="27" pageNumber="368" refId="ref53564" refString="Corner, E. J. H. (1976): The Seeds of Dicotyledons. - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 312 pp." type="book" year="1976">Corner 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). These details of the seed coat are unique for the family (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE6FFF5FF78F99EC223F9DF" author="Corner, E. J. H." box="[199,347,1633,1657]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" refId="ref53564" refString="Corner, E. J. H. (1976): The Seeds of Dicotyledons. - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 312 pp." type="book" year="1976">Corner 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE6FFF5FECFF99EC1D2F9DF" author="Gonzalez, F. & Rudall, P. J." box="[368,682,1633,1657]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" pagination="223 - 244" refId="ref57316" refString="Gonzalez, F., Rudall, P. J. (2003): Structure and development of the ovule and seed in Aristolochiaceae, with particular reference to Saruma. - Plant Systematics and Evolution, 241: 223 - 244. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00606 - 003 - 0050 - x" type="journal article" year="2003">González and Rudall 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and justify the conclusion of a close relationship between these fossils and extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE6FFF5FE37F95DC147F91C" box="[392,575,1698,1722]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Aristolochiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the combination of features seen in the fossil material, including the course of the raphe, exclude assignment of the fossil seeds to any extant genus of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE6FFF5FE69F8FDC3B4F89D" authority="(Friis et al. 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="27" pageNumber="368" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
|
||||
Aristolochiaceae (
|
||||
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)
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||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
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||||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE6FFF5FF2FF8BCC21AF7BB" blockId="27.[106,745,1245,2077]" pageId="27" pageNumber="368">
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Similar aristolochiaceous seeds are also present in other Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras from
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and North America including specimens in which the outer tissues are better preserved. The formal description of the species is based on an assessment of that broader suite of specimens, including the
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material from the Buarcos mesofossil flora (
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).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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@ -1,69 +1,69 @@
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFE8FFF8FC38F9E1C0E8F935" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7535259" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208830440" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7535259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE8FFF8FC38F9E1C0E8F935" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE8FFF8FC38F9E1C0E8F935" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">
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@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFC38F9E1C627F990" bold="true" box="[903,1375,1566,1590]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">
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Stamen with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFBA2F9E1C7E7F990" authority="R.W.Hedlund & G.Norris, 1968" box="[1053,1183,1566,1590]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFBA2F9E1C7E7F990" authority="R.W.Hedlund & G.Norris, 1968" box="[1053,1183,1566,1590]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFBA2F9E1C7E7F990" bold="true" box="[1053,1183,1566,1590]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Asteropollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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-
|
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|
|
@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ pollen sp. 2
|
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFB9CF9C0C7BCF9F1" box="[1059,1220,1599,1623]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="23.[125,206,1302,1323]" captionTargetBox="[127,1440,151,1284]" captionTargetId="figure-321@23.[122,1443,148,1288]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Text-fig. 15. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamen with “Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ showing the dome-shaped extension of the connective with hairs; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined pentachotomocolpate (b, d) and possibly tetrachotomocolpate (c) apertures and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of broken pollen grains showing the loosely attached reticulum, long scattered columellae and thick foot layer. Specimen, Catefica 49-S101209 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b–e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522831/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 15a–e</figureCitation>
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s. The species is based on a single stamen with numerous
|
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Description and remarks. The species is based on a single stamen with numerous
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFB0EF96FC642F90E" box="[1201,1338,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Asteropollis-</emphasis>
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pollen grains in situ. The stamen is about
|
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|
|
@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ defined transverse ridges.
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Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEBFFF8FC06FABAC756FAFC" box="[953,1070,1349,1370]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="22" pageNumber="363" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEBFFF8FC06FABAC756FAFC" authority="R.W.Hedlund & G.Norris, 1968" box="[953,1070,1349,1370]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="22" pageNumber="363" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEBFFF8FC06FABAC756FAFC" bold="true" box="[953,1070,1349,1370]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="363">Asteropollis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEBFFF8FF19F8EFC0E8F935" blockId="22.[128,768,1808,2100]" lastBlockId="22.[843,1482,1558,1683]" pageId="22" pageNumber="363">
|
||||
A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. The in situ pollen grains of
|
||||
Affinity and other occurrences. The in situ pollen grains of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEBFFF8FE94F8CEC2CCF8EF" box="[299,436,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="363">Asteropollis-</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEBFFF8FE0CF8CDC299F8EC" box="[435,481,1842,1866]" pageId="22" pageNumber="363">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen sp. 2 differ from the pollen associated with
|
||||
|
|
@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ pollen sp. 1 (above), in their smaller size and in having a mainly pentachotomoc
|
|||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEBFFF8FD2AF826C27AF7B4" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="363">Hedyflora crystallifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Stamens producing the two
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEBFFF8FD88F805C1CFF7B4" box="[567,695,2042,2066]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="22" pageNumber="363" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEBFFF8FD88F805C1CFF7B4" authority="R.W.Hedlund & G.Norris, 1968" box="[567,695,2042,2066]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="22" pageNumber="363" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEBFFF8FD88F805C1CFF7B4" box="[567,695,2042,2066]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="363">Asteropollis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
pollen
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
163
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52.xml
Normal file
163
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="248E643FBF0E57B129695DAF96D7BFC6">
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<mods:title id="86C275572DC1DAC93F0C6E56EB281BC9">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38AE75D4DC0EEC37180A4FF1A958E948">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4F34EA6C6CCBEEE70D8AD6F48C3592E4">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B978EAAECC334C54F70D048287179BE5">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D2DB4D00C406466A8FB3351AD327A769">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" ID-GBIF-Taxon="243380112" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE9FFFBFC21F900C6D5FA52" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" blockId="20.[926,1398,1791,1816]" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
|
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<heading id="D0A38188FFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" reason="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFC21F900C60EF8B1" bold="true" box="[926,1398,1791,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
|
||||
Stamen with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFB8BF900C7C7F8B1" authority="R. W. HEDL. et G. NORRIS. Closely" authorityName="R. W. HEDL. et G. NORRIS. Closely" box="[1076,1215,1791,1815]" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFB8BF900C7C7F8B1" bold="true" box="[1076,1215,1791,1815]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Asteropollis-</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFE9FFFAFB00F8FFC788F8BE" box="[1215,1264,1792,1816]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen sp. 1
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFE9FFFBFB85F8DEC6D5FA52" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFAFB85F8DEC7A3F89F" blockId="20.[1082,1243,1825,1849]" box="[1082,1243,1825,1849]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFB85F8DEC7A3F89F" box="[1082,1243,1825,1849]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 14a–e</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFBFCCEF8ADC213F9F1" blockId="20.[843,1482,1874,2100]" lastBlockId="21.[106,745,1270,1623]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="362" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
|
||||
Description and remarks. The species is based on a single stamen with numerous
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFAFEF88CC001F808" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Asteropollistype</emphasis>
|
||||
pollen grains in situ. The stamen is slightly abraded, both apically and also at the base, but is estimated to have been about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE9FFFAFC75F826C770F856" box="[970,1032,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long. The anther is about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE9FFFAFA95F826C605F856" box="[1322,1405,2009,2033]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
broad, tetrasporangiate with two pairs of pollen sacs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFA8DF805C6C5F7B4" box="[1330,1469,2042,2066]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 14a</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pollen is tetrachotomocolpate, circular in equatorial outline and about 20–23 µm in diameter (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFE48FB09C1DFFAA8" box="[503,679,1270,1294]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14b–d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The arms of the aperture are short and do not reach the equator. The aperture margins are poorly defined and the aperture membrane is covered by irregular verrucae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFDEAFAA6C302FA34" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14c, d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The exine is semitectate-reticulate, columellate, with long, scattered columellae about 0.9 µm long that become thinner toward the base (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFED0FA44C283FA72" box="[367,507,1467,1492]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Lumina are irregular in shape, up to about 1.5 µm in diameter. Muri are about 0.5 µm wide with a rounded profile and are ornamented by minute verrucae aligned in two rows along the margins of the muri (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE8FFFBFF6EF9C0C226F9F1" box="[209,350,1599,1623]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="22.[148,229,1349,1370]" captionTargetBox="[147,1459,153,1333]" captionTargetId="figure-293@22.[144,1465,148,1335]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Text-fig. 14. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Stamen with Asteropollis-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen with pollen in situ; b–d) Pollen in situ in stamen in (a) showing poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing semitectate-reticulate tectum with long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri; note two irregular rows of minute verrucae ornamenting surface of muri. Specimen, Catefica 50- S170385 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522829/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Text-fig. 14e</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2B666CFFE8FFFBFFC2FBF8C118FB09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" startId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" targetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" targetPageId="21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE8FFFBFFC2FBF8C118FB09" blockId="21.[125,1440,1031,1199]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">
|
||||
Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFB3DFBF8C65FFBBA" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1154,1319,1031,1052]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFB3DFBF8C65FFBBA" bold="true" box="[1154,1319,1031,1052]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE8FFFBFF2FF990C6D5FA52" blockId="21.[106,745,1647,2099]" lastBlockId="21.[820,1459,1270,1524]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE8FFFBFF2FF990C3DBF921" box="[144,163,1647,1671]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences. The in situ pollen grains are closely similar in size, shape and aperture configuration to pollen found attached to the surface of specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFE10F92DC1D0F94C" box="[431,680,1746,1770]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystallifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFE10F92DC1D0F94C" box="[431,680,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Hedyflora crystallifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Catefica (above), and also specimens from Buarcos, the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFE8FFFBFD04F90BC191F8AA" box="[699,745,1780,1804]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFF51F8EBC142F88A" authority="(Friis et al. 2019 b)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[238,570,1812,1836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFF51F8EBC221F88A" box="[238,345,1812,1836]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Hedyflora</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE8FFFBFED4F8EBC14AF88A" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[363,562,1812,1836]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" pagination="232 - 239" refId="ref55508" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 b): Hedyosmum - like fossils in the Early Cretaceous diversification of angiosperms. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 180: 232 - 239. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 701819" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. We consider it likely that this stamen, and the pistillate structures assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFF35F8A8C249F8C8" box="[138,305,1878,1902]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystallifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFF35F8A8C3E5F8C8" box="[138,157,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">H</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFF10F8A9C249F8C8" box="[175,305,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">crystallifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, are from the unisexual flowers of the same plant species. In the size of the pollen grains, pollen shape, aperture configuration and details of the pollen wall the fossil stamen is also closely similar to material from the Torres Vedras locality described as “Stamen with in situ
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFFD5F805C26BF7B4" box="[106,275,2042,2066]" genus="Asteropollis" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFFD5F805C392F7B4" box="[106,234,2042,2066]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Asteropollis</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
pollen” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE8FFFBFEC1F805C13BF7B5" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[382,579,2042,2067]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" pagination="153 - 257" refId="ref55433" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 a): The Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora of Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal: a palaeofloristic analysis of an early angiosperm community. - Fossil Imprint, 75: 153 - 257. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / if- 2019 - 0013" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Pollen grains associated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFEA3F7E3C2BAF795" box="[284,450,2075,2099]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyflora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crystallifera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFEA3F7E3C257F795" box="[284,303,2076,2099]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">H</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFEFFF7E4C2BAF795" box="[320,450,2075,2099]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">crystallifera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Buarcos locality include tetrachotomocolpate as well as trichotomocolpate forms, while in the Catefica mesofossil flora stamens with both tri- and tetrachotomocolpate pollen have not been found. Dispersed pollen grains assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE8FFFBFAB1FAA7C0D9FA37" genus="Asteropollis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asteroides">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFAB1FAA7C6F6FAD6" box="[1294,1422,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Asteropollis</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE8FFFBFC8BFA86C0D9FA37" box="[820,929,1401,1425]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">asteroides</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that are reported from early Aptian to middle Albian strata from coastal sections in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3437674FFE8FFFBFB66FA65C64BFA14" box="[1241,1331,1434,1458]" name="Portugal" pageId="21" pageNumber="362">Portugal</collectingCountry>
|
||||
are closely similar to the in situ grains from Catefica in both size and their tetrachotomocolpate aperture (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE8FFFBFB0EFA23C6DAFA52" author="Heimhofer, U. & Hochuli, P. A. & Burla, S. & Weissert, H." box="[1201,1442,1500,1524]" pageId="21" pageNumber="362" pagination="39 - 76" refId="ref57760" refString="Heimhofer, U., Hochuli, P. A., Burla, S., Weissert, H. (2007): New records of Early Cretaceous angiosperm pollen from Portuguese coastal deposits: Implications for the timing of the early angiosperm radiation. - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 144: 39 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2005.09.006" type="journal article" year="2007">Heimhofer et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
162
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162
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFEDFFFDFCC9F893C20CF792.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="E331A31EDF3B04B91D07B847DEA97B25">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="46AB21F557FF83261060EC8F9BF758B2">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFEDFFFDFCC9F893C20CF792" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFEDFFFDFCC9F893C20CF792" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFEDFFFDFCC9F893C20CF792" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEDFFFEFCC9F893C7B2F802" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFCC9F893C7B2F802" blockId="16.[886,1439,1900,1957]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFCC9F893C7B2F802" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFB11F893C617F822" authority="(Walker and Walker 1984)" box="[1198,1391,1900,1924]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFB11F893C617F822" bold="true" box="[1198,1391,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites-</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFAD1F893C6E7F822" box="[1390,1439,1900,1924]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen sp. 3
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEDFFFDFB85F852C20CF792" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFB85F852C7A3F863" blockId="16.[1082,1243,1965,1989]" box="[1082,1243,1965,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFB85F852C7A3F863" box="[1082,1243,1965,1989]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 12a–e</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFDFCCEF823C135F866" blockId="16.[843,1482,2012,2100]" lastBlockId="19.[106,745,1892,1984]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="360" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
Description and remarks. The material comprises a single stamen with an elongated, elliptical and tetrasporangiate anther (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFB3BF7E3C66BF792" box="[1156,1299,2076,2100]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 12a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) that has in situ
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEFFFFCFF3EF94EC24FF96F" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[129,311,1713,1737]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEFFFFCFF3EF94EC24FF96F" box="[129,311,1713,1737]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEFFFFCFE81F94DC216F96C" box="[318,366,1714,1738]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEFFFFCFE75F94EC10DF96F" box="[458,629,1713,1737]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">Text-fig. 12b–e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The anther is about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFEFFFFCFF5AF92EC243F94F" box="[229,315,1745,1769]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long and about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFEFFFFCFE43F92EC118F94F" box="[508,608,1745,1769]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
|
||||
broad. Pollen is monoaperturate, but the grains are typically folded and the aperture is not fully exposed in any of the specimens. The grains are about 15–17 µm in diameter. The exine is semitectate-reticulate with a homobrochate reticulum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEFFFFCFCEDF92EC779F94F" box="[850,1025,1745,1769]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">Text-fig. 12b–e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Lumina are irregular and up to about 1.5 µm in diameter. Muri are narrow, about 0.4 µm wide and ornamented with verrucae or spines arranged in one to two rows. Columellae are long, about 0.7 µm, and widely spaced (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEEFFFDFF7FF89BC237F8DA" box="[192,335,1892,1916]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Text-fig. 12d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall and on the surface of the pollen grains are tiny, spherical and with fine spines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEEFFFDFE0CF858C138F866" box="[435,576,1959,1984]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" captionTargetId="figure-356@20.[145,1466,148,1232]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Text-fig. 12e</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2B666CFFECFFFCFFC2F867C792F785" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522819" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522819" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522819/files/figure.png" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" startId="17.[125,203,1944,1965]" targetBox="[126,1440,151,1929]" targetPageId="17">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFECFFFCFFC2F867C792F785" blockId="17.[125,1441,1944,2083]" lastBlockId="18.[147,1463,1944,2083]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">
|
||||
Text-fig. 9. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFECFFFFFC27F866C7D2F808" authority="Friis & Crane & Pedersen & Mendes & Kvaček, 2022" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen & Mendes & Kvaček" authorityYear="2022" box="[920,1194,1945,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portugallicus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFECFFFFFC27F866C7D2F808" bold="true" box="[920,1194,1945,1966]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Proencistemon portugallicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A213578DFFECFFFFFB10F867C646F80B" box="[1199,1342,1944,1965]" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(a–g) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFECFFFFFFC2F849C255F86D" box="[125,301,1974,1995]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="17" pageNumber="358" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFECFFFFFFC2F849C275F86D" bold="true" box="[125,269,1974,1995]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="358">Proencistemon</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(h–j); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing almost sessile anthers; note short bracts at the base of the stamen whorl (arrow) and apparent paired arrangement of the stamens; b) Fragment of stamen whorl showing almost sessile anthers and apparent paired arrangement of the stamens; c) Pollen in situ from stamen whorl in (b) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d–g) Distal views of pollen in situ from
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEFFFFCFF2CF867C792F785" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">
|
||||
pollen clump showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture, semitectate-reticulate tectum (d–f), and fractured pollen wall with long, scattered columellae supporting narrow muri (g); h) Fragment of staminate inflorescence with narrow, almost sessile, stamens; i, j) Pollen from fragment of staminate inflorescence in (h) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture (i), semitectate-reticulate tectum (i, j) and long, scattered columellae supporting narrow muri (j). Specimens, Catefica 49-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEFFFFCFBFFF80FC734F7A3" box="[1088,1100,2032,2053]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
266015 (a), Catefica 342-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEFFFFCFAFCF80FC637F7A3" box="[1347,1359,2032,2053]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
122086 (b, c), Catefica 50-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEFFFFCFE99F7F1C24AF785" box="[294,306,2062,2083]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
170394 (d–g), Catefica 49-
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEFFFFCFD8BF7F1C138F785" box="[564,576,2062,2083]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
|
||||
107783 (h–j). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b, h), 6 Μm (c–f, i), 1.5 Μm (g, j).
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2B666CFFEFFFFCFF2CFA3CC62AF9CC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" startId="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" targetBox="[148,1462,151,1459]" targetPageId="18">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEFFFFCFF2CFA3CC62AF9CC" blockId="18.[147,1463,1475,1642]" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">
|
||||
Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEFFFFCFBEFFA3CC789FA7E" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1104,1265,1475,1496]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="18" pageNumber="359" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEFFFFCFBEFFA3CC789FA7E" bold="true" box="[1104,1265,1475,1496]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="359">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2B666CFFEEFFFDFFC2F98AC6D8F8BB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" startId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" targetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" targetPageId="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEEFFFDFFC2F98AC6D8F8BB" blockId="19.[125,1440,1653,1821]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEEFFFDFB88F98AC7A4F92C" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1079,1244,1653,1674]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEEFFFDFB88F98AC7A4F92C" bold="true" box="[1079,1244,1653,1674]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEEFFFDFF2FF827C20CF792" blockId="19.[106,744,2008,2100]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEEFFFDFF2FF827C3DBF856" box="[144,163,2008,2032]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences. See comments on “Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEEFFFDFD96F805C3E0F792" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Clavatipollenitestype</emphasis>
|
||||
pollen sp. 1” above.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
128
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C72DF8E2.xml
Normal file
128
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C72DF8E2.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="62A6165CCA92A643E0D33FD5655C36B8">
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<mods:title id="AEF7B45037C96CB190361C8025478F7B">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="30BB00A9435623A2ABD1267726B537C5">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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|
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<mods:namePart id="5EE073E86B12EE7DF33AE8438C0865FF">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
|
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<mods:name id="7B158A198440D7E887276EA15AED30A4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="989699CB9CBACD4D6E65F1E33EE5CEE8">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D9893DAF58C39C2929EFFC28452794FA">Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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|
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<mods:namePart id="1347854E2F914D7984A2B50C9F2B9D57">Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4C467742F610A82E16E3AC146F709045">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DF9CF072BFAA114565F9C110B72AA1B3">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="004169BF53E1833A1C977E2A9E4861C1">
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<mods:date id="989C2250CB10C3A858A232A90DB5D3A4">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0BFABDB8B4E2E97FDD9F7195E1857F3D">2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C72DF8E2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C72DF8E2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C72DF8E2" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C7B2FC64" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C7B2FC64" blockId="16.[886,1439,906,962]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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<heading id="D0A38188FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C7B2FC64" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFCC9FC75C7B2FC64" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFB11FC75C617FC04" authority="(Walker and Walker 1984)" box="[1198,1391,906,930]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFB11FC75C617FC04" bold="true" box="[1198,1391,906,930]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites-</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFAD1FC75C6E7FC04" box="[1390,1439,906,930]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen sp. 2
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEDFFFEFB85FC35C72DF8E2" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFB85FC35C7A3FC44" blockId="16.[1082,1243,970,994]" box="[1082,1243,970,994]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFB85FC35C7A3FC44" box="[1082,1243,970,994]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 11a–e</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFCCEFC05C7F1F9F2" blockId="16.[843,1483,1018,1620]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
Description and remarks. The material comprises a single stamen that has in situ
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFAB2FBE5C001FBF4" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenitestype</emphasis>
|
||||
pollen. The anther is tetrasporangiate, elongate and narrow, about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFEDFFFEFC52FBA5C73BFBD7" box="[1005,1091,1114,1138]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFEDFFFEFB02FBA5C66BFBD7" box="[1213,1299,1114,1138]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
broad (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFAD1FBA5C00BFB34" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 11a</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pollen is monocolpate and almost circular in equatorial outline, about 24–26 µm in diameter. The aperture is short, about 14 µm long, and has an irregular, indistinctly delimited margin.The colpus membrane is covered by irregular verrucae that grade into the reticulum in the non-apertural regions of the grains (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFC53FAE4C7E3FA95" box="[1004,1179,1307,1331]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 11b, c</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The exine is semitectatereticulate with a homobrochate reticulum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFAAAFAC4C6C5FAF5" box="[1301,1469,1339,1363]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 11b, c</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Lumina are irregular and up to about 3 µm in diameter. Muri are narrow, 0.5 µm wide, ornamented with minute verrucae arranged in a single longitudinal row, or sometimes in two rows. The verrucae are sometimes laterally expanded and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFCF4FA23C0B3FA52" box="[843,971,1500,1524]" form="poorly" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" rank="form">form poorly</taxonomicName>
|
||||
defined transverse ridges. Columellae are long, about 1.5 µm, and widely spaced (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFB7DFA03C637F9B2" box="[1218,1359,1532,1556]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 11e</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Orbicules are tiny, spherical with finely verrucate to spiny surface ornamentation (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFC4EF9C3C705F9F2" box="[1009,1149,1596,1620]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1653,1674]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-125@19.[122,1443,149,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 2”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains; c) Pollen grain in distal view showing short colpus with irregular margin and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny spherical orbicules; e) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170389 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 3 Μm (d), 1.5 Μm (e)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522823/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 11d</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFCCEF994C72DF8E2" blockId="16.[843,1482,1643,1861]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEDFFFEFCCEF994C0FCF925" box="[881,900,1643,1667]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences. The pollen grains in this specimen are larger than any of the other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFC36F954C747F965" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[905,1087,1707,1731]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFC36F954C747F965" box="[905,1087,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFBF9F953C70EF962" box="[1094,1142,1708,1732]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen observed in the Catefica mesofossil flora. They are also larger than the pollen grains in situ within anthers of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFBE1F913C785F8A5" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[1118,1277,1772,1795]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFBE1F913C785F8A5" box="[1118,1277,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Proencistemon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D6035FFFEDFFFEFAB0F913C62DF8A2" box="[1295,1365,1772,1796]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[106,162,152,173]" captionTargetId="graphics-427@5.[106,1462,246,1415]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 1. Chloranthoid taxa recognized in the Catefica mesofossil flora based on inflorescences and flowers as well as isolated fruits, seeds and stamens with pollen characters added for those taxa where pollen are known." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2B666CFFF8FFEBFFD5FF67C09DFF6C" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" tableUuid="DF2B666CFFF8FFEBFFD5FF67C09DFF6C">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). See also comments on “Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFAB4F8F3C001F8E3" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenitestype</emphasis>
|
||||
pollen sp. 1” above.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
150
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150
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFF14F998C6C6FCC4.xml
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<mods:title id="2238D689F32AB2BD273D380ABB13AC6A">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BA772D8031F3E98873041F4E6407D974">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="680FB33A83C588F442E1243F9C3CAD1F">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD493E6C7011E53215E1BDCB8149EBE3">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B01B3263869D8FDAE976A99B26B0BE0">Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3E470CD0B3F7A12288DE209B3113FF00">Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9700ED1CCBEE450C58A091AAF27C5A2A">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3B926B81661F53BC30A5210CA6D5E988">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1787300918F80C4D1194C525A23C5963">2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFF14F998C6C6FCC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFF14F998C6C6FCC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFEDFFFEFF14F998C6C6FCC4" lastPageNumber="357" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEDFFFEFF14F998C178F906" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFF14F998C178F906" blockId="16.[171,725,1639,1696]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
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<heading id="D0A38188FFEDFFFEFF14F998C178F906" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFF14F998C178F906" bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFE5CF998C1DCF9D9" authority="(Walker and Walker 1984)" box="[483,676,1639,1663]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFE5CF998C1DCF9D9" bold="true" box="[483,676,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites-</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFD1BF997C1ADF926" box="[676,725,1640,1664]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen sp. 1
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEDFFFEFED0F956C6C6FCC4" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFED0F956C16AF967" blockId="16.[367,530,1705,1729]" box="[367,530,1705,1729]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFED0F956C16AF967" box="[367,530,1705,1729]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-186@18.[145,1466,148,1461]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 10a–d</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFF19F926C66BFEF7" blockId="16.[129,768,1752,2100]" lastBlockId="16.[843,1483,152,337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
Description and remarks. The material comprises two stamen fragments that have a long, narrow, elongated tetrasporangiate anther (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFE52F8E6C10EF897" box="[493,630,1817,1841]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-186@18.[145,1466,148,1461]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 10a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with in situ
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFF3EF8C6C24BF8F7" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[129,307,1849,1873]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFF3EF8C6C24BF8F7" box="[129,307,1849,1873]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFE86F8C5C210F8F4" box="[313,360,1850,1874]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFE77F8C6C10BF8F7" box="[456,627,1849,1873]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-186@18.[145,1466,148,1461]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 10b–d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The anther is about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFEDFFFEFF5DF8A5C24FF8D7" box="[226,311,1882,1906]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long and about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFEDFFFEFE4CF8A5C13FF8D7" box="[499,583,1882,1906]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
broad. Pollen is monoaperturate, almost circular in equatorial outline and about 17–20 µm in diameter. The aperture is about 12 µm long, with an irregular, indistinctly delimited margin and a colpus membrane covered by irregular verrucae that grade into the non-apertural reticulum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFE61F803C1FBF7B2" box="[478,643,2044,2068]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-186@18.[145,1466,148,1461]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 10b, c</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The exine is semitectate-reticulate with a homobrochate reticulum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEDFFFEFCEDFF67C080FF16" box="[850,1016,152,176]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="18.[147,226,1475,1496]" captionTargetBox="[148,1462,151,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-186@18.[145,1466,148,1461]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522821/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Text-fig. 10b–d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Lumina are irregular, up to about 1.4 µm in diameter. Muri are narrow, 0.2–0.4 µm wide, and ornamented with minute verrucae arranged in a single longitudinal row. Columellae are long, about 0.6 µm, and widely spaced (Textfig. 10d). Orbicules observed on the inner surface of the anther wall are tiny, spherical and with fine spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFCCEFE97C64AFDC7" blockId="16.[843,1482,360,866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFEDFFFEFCCEFE97C0FCFE26" box="[881,900,360,384]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences. The general shape of the pollen grains, as well as their semitectate reticulate pollen wall, indistinctly delimited aperture, and aperture membrane covered by irregular verrucae, is closely similar to dispersed pollen assigned to the extinct pollen genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFC68FDF7C7F5FD86" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[983,1165,520,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFC68FDF7C7F5FD86" box="[983,1165,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and pollen of extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFAD6FDF6C71FFDE7" authority="(Walker and Walker 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Ascarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFAD6FDF6C6B1FD86" box="[1385,1481,521,544]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Ascarina</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFEDFFFEFCEDFDD6C727FDE7" author="Walker, J. W. & Walker, A. G." box="[850,1119,553,577]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" pagination="464 - 521" refId="ref60968" refString="Walker, J. W., Walker, A. G. (1984): Ultrastructure of Lower Cretaceous angiosperm pollen and the origin and early evolution of flowering plants. - Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 71: 464 - 521. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2399035" type="journal article" year="1984">Walker and Walker 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Based on these similarities these fossils are included here in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFB28FDB6C657FDC7" authorityName="R. BR. ex SIMS" authorityYear="1821" box="[1175,1327,585,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Chloranthales</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEDFFFEFCCEFD96C6C6FCC4" blockId="16.[843,1482,360,866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">
|
||||
The four staminate structures described here from Catefica that have monocolpate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFB29FD76C634FD07" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1174,1356,649,673]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFB29FD76C634FD07" box="[1174,1356,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFAECFD75C6FBFD04" box="[1363,1411,650,674]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen differ from each other in size and shape of anthers and in details of the pollen wall (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D6035FFFEDFFFEFBE1FD36C7D8FD47" box="[1118,1184,713,737]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[106,162,152,173]" captionTargetId="graphics-427@5.[106,1462,246,1415]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Table 1. Chloranthoid taxa recognized in the Catefica mesofossil flora based on inflorescences and flowers as well as isolated fruits, seeds and stamens with pollen characters added for those taxa where pollen are known." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2B666CFFF8FFEBFFD5FF67C09DFF6C" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" tableUuid="DF2B666CFFF8FFEBFFD5FF67C09DFF6C">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). Similar
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFAB4FD36C001FCA4" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenitestype</emphasis>
|
||||
pollen grains are also present in the palynological preparations from Catefica.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFB33FCF6C63AFC87" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1164,1346,777,801]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFB33FCF6C63AFC87" box="[1164,1346,777,801]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEDFFFEFAF6FCF5C601FC84" box="[1353,1401,778,802]" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen observed on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEDFFFEFC5CFCD5C67AFCE7" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, G. W. GRIMM, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2015" box="[995,1282,810,834]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Canrightiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="16" pageNumber="357" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="crassitesta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEDFFFEFC5CFCD5C67AFCE7" box="[995,1282,810,834]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="357">Canrightiopsis crassitesta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Catefica is much smaller and with a more open reticulum (see above).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
152
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFEEFFFAFCE0F89CC7FCF972.xml
Normal file
152
data/03/FD/87/03FD87F2FFEEFFFAFCE0F89CC7FCF972.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
|
|||
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<mods:mods id="F3AEBF1B8C7F9C77EBAB211ECF7D4512" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
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<mods:titleInfo id="C27C7127F53457ADAFAB24E215118C8C">
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<mods:title id="0E26630DAF9A2767E489E13C48EB6E92">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:namePart id="244036D2973C992F199BEF64DAA378E6">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA9F71A1F4C821FDE92E58F5127998EC">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
|
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|
||||
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<mods:roleTerm id="CC80B265E6507296F28C367DE72308E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="93B691A7BA7F5700CC061EA4B4E3C6EA">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="C27B396A80DD910EF15132CB4FE98DE3" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="F4CE795CD9992053F02AC17AF8E63C3B">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="D693CC9BC4DC1D075B3A472E45FFD5E5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="790900E851459670CEEF8F5B0C80974D">Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name id="036292C362DFE14EEEB54ACE72E2FA5A" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="0271B1A93E4A5D2CBA80C84D9FF316E0">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="75844CFD88070684DAEC7D8C8430CB35">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="98D15F40B41523154880F7D00AA244CD">Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="5813EAA27654F4F200C29CDE96DAD400">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="4642BF26A064A80252355E0615C77177" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="F17F2FC4FDEA9D1AA67020780F9AFED6">
|
||||
<mods:title id="6C9B51572C72CCDA97D9272518E6179C">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="F1D73B4420633BF38EC83BD3B9AA3A5B">
|
||||
<mods:date id="94C4071104AA618E180CAE4361092DAE">2022</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="1366F97A6722EFE2A51A817844C1C7A7" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="F8ED54A12FD9A64A6C6B487A1BC0A98E">2022-12-20</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="6EC1D071B5ADB35EAEBF45357B551522" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="4AA89B4F5EEFB4D5BC5355513EE3BBC9">78</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="233412B6A105924DB3461A0ECA1B4B54" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="75E71853DE34472716B6918D26158742">2</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="349005BC95082F190C470918F1D5F0AD" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="61E4C5E5910F9034442AE945DF145A4F">341</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="BF6188D550D3EC6C4DD85E14FC5C493C">424</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="F0E3DB5EA14A1BEA620A46535DC5AE4F">
|
||||
<mods:url id="E48AA9BC832B50B078AA26F2CDF0575D">http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="BFDED970CADBEB64D7C51818110572B0">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="0D40B3B68FE7783926C1C315EBCEA25B" type="CLB-Dataset">224103</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="67194F6C6D334252774D91909142686A" type="DOI">10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="68698645C761AB21A3DE1F7A51092804" type="GBIF-Dataset">a360f5c7-16da-4c69-afbe-01e6ad032418</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3C8CC6A2CB0FDA8DD9ACDABF61D692F1" type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="C264407098EA6BE4227E7CA96AA31E34" type="Zenodo-Dep">7522801</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03FD87F2FFEEFFFAFCE0F89CC7FCF972" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFEEFFFAFCE0F89CC7FCF972" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFEEFFFAFCE0F89CC7FCF972" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEEFFFDFCE0F89CC7CBF83B" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEEFFFDFCE0F89CC7CBF83B" blockId="19.[863,1416,1891,1949]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
<heading id="D0A38188FFEEFFFDFCE0F89CC7CBF83B" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" reason="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEEFFFDFCE0F89CC7CBF83B" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFEEFFFDFB28F89CC620F8DD" authority="(Walker and Walker 1984)" box="[1175,1368,1891,1915]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEEFFFDFB28F89CC620F8DD" bold="true" box="[1175,1368,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Clavatipollenites-</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EF8846FFEEFFFDFAE8F89BC6F0F8DA" box="[1367,1416,1892,1916]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
pollen sp. 4
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34E656FFFEEFFFAFB9DF858C7FCF972" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="19" pageNumber="360" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEEFFFDFB9DF858C7BDF819" blockId="19.[1058,1221,1959,1983]" box="[1058,1221,1959,1983]" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFEEFFFDFB9DF858C7BDF819" box="[1058,1221,1959,1983]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-483@21.[122,1443,148,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Text-fig. 13a–d</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFEEFFFAFCE5F826C234F8DA" blockId="19.[820,1459,2008,2100]" lastBlockId="20.[128,768,1455,1916]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">
|
||||
Description and remarks. The material comprises a fragment of a staminate structure with more than ten closely packed stamens that have in situ
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFEEFFFAFB4BF7E3C3D7FA61" italics="true" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="361" pageId="19" pageNumber="360">Clavatipollenitestype</emphasis>
|
||||
pollen. There are no well-developed filaments. The shape of the fragment indicates that the anthers were sessile or almost sessile and that the stamens were originally borne in whorls in a multistaminate inflorescence (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFD87F9EBC1BCF98A" box="[568,708,1556,1580]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-483@21.[122,1443,148,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 13a</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The anthers are strongly compressed, obovate in outline, about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE9FFFAFF3FF9A8C3ACF9C9" box="[128,212,1623,1647]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAC9B01FFE9FFFAFEF9F9A8C2E1F9C9" box="[326,409,1623,1647]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
broad. Pollen is monoaperturate with a poorly delimited aperture (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFE63F986C106F937" box="[476,638,1657,1681]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-483@21.[122,1443,148,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 13b, c</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The grains are about 14–17 µm in diameter. The exine is semitectatereticulate with a homobrochate reticulum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFDF6F943C18CF972" box="[585,756,1724,1748]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-483@21.[122,1443,148,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 13b–d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Lumina are irregular, up to about 1 µm in diameter. Muri are narrow, about 0.3 µm wide ornamented with minute verrucae arranged in one to two rows. Columellae are long, about 0.7 µm, and widely spaced (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE9FFFAFE4BF8BCC1FCF8FD" box="[500,644,1859,1883]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="21.[125,206,1031,1052]" captionTargetBox="[125,1440,151,1015]" captionTargetId="figure-483@21.[122,1443,148,1018]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Text-fig. 13. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of “Staminate inflorescence fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 4”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of stamen whorl from staminate inflorescence showing several closely packed, almost sessile stamens that lack a well-developed filament; b, c) Distal and proximal views of pollen grains showing poorly defined aperture with verrucate aperture membrane; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 49-S107782 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522827/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Text-fig. 13d</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Orbicules were not observed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2B666CFFE9FFFAFF2BFB22C6FBFACE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522825" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522825/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" startId="20.[148,228,1245,1266]" targetBox="[148,1462,152,1230]" targetPageId="20">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFAFF2BFB22C6FBFACE" blockId="20.[147,1463,1245,1384]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
|
||||
Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated “Stamen fragment with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFBEFFB21C78BFB55" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[1104,1267,1246,1267]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFBEFFB21C78BFB55" bold="true" box="[1104,1267,1246,1267]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-type pollen sp. 3”; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE9FFFAFF19F86AC7FCF972" blockId="20.[129,767,1941,2100]" lastBlockId="20.[843,1482,1455,1748]" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE21FFE9FFFAFF19F86AC3C1F80B" box="[166,185,1941,1965]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" type="Herbarium">Affinity</collectionCode>
|
||||
and other occurrences. See comments on “Stamens with monocolpate
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFDFFF848C187F869" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[576,767,1975,1999]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFDFFF848C3D7F857" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Clavatipollenitestype</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
pollen sp. 1” above. The pollen is closely similar to dispersed fossil grains assigned to the extinct genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFF3EF7E3C24FF792" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[129,311,2076,2100]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Clavatipollenites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFF3EF7E3C24FF792" box="[129,311,2076,2100]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Clavatipollenites</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as well as pollen of extant
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFDD7F7E3C1B0F795" baseAuthorityName="Walker and Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[616,712,2076,2099]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Ascarina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFDD7F7E3C1B0F795" box="[616,712,2076,2099]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Ascarina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The stamens are similar to those in the staminate inflorescences of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFCD8FA2EC7E2FA4E" authorityName="Friis & Crane & Pedersen & Mendes & Kvaček" authorityYear="2022" box="[871,1178,1488,1512]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portugallicus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFCD8FA2EC7E2FA4E" box="[871,1178,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Proencistemon portugallicus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFB72FA2EC6E8FA4E" box="[1229,1424,1489,1512]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFB72FA2EC614FA4E" box="[1229,1388,1489,1512]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Proencistemon</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Catefica (above) in being arranged in dense whorls and having sessile or almost sessile anthers. However, pollen in situ within stamens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFBD5F9C9C671F9EB" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[1130,1289,1590,1613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFBD5F9C9C671F9EB" box="[1130,1289,1590,1613]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Proencistemon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs in having a trichotomocolpate aperture, and stamens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFA94F9A7C6B2F9C9" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[1323,1482,1624,1647]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFA94F9A7C6B2F9C9" box="[1323,1482,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Proencistemon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are longer than those of the staminate structure described here. The estimated number of stamens per whorl is also fewer than in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE9FFFAFC61F942C705F972" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE, K. R. PEDERSEN, M. M. MENDES et J. KVACEK" authorityYear="2022" box="[990,1149,1725,1748]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Proencistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="20" pageNumber="361" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE9FFFAFC61F942C705F972" box="[990,1149,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="361">Proencistemon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,76 +1,76 @@
|
|||
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Mugideiriflora
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFF9FFEAFBAEFDD4C782FDC2" authority="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, 2020" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Saportanthus" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pyralidae" genus="Anacostia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portugallica">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFF9FFEAFBAEFDD4C7EEFDE5" bold="true" box="[1041,1174,555,579]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">portugallica</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2020
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|
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@ -85,10 +85,9 @@ E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2020
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Description and remarks.
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Mugideiriflora
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFF9FFEAFCF4FD43C0B7FD72" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN, Saportanthus" authorityYear="2020" box="[843,975,700,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Pyralidae" genus="Anacostia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portugallica">portugallica</taxonomicName>
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is based on a single small, partly abraded, early anthetic flower (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFF9FFEAFBFEFD22C7BAFD53" box="[1089,1218,733,757]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="3.[125,206,1777,1798]" captionTargetBox="[127,1440,151,1761]" captionTargetId="figure-2@3.[122,1443,148,1764]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522805/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="345">Text-fig. 2a</figureCitation>
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||||
) that has a multiparted perianth, androecium and gynoecium and was recovered from the Catefica mesofossil flora (for a full description and discussion of the species see
|
||||
|
|
|
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Reference in a new issue