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<document id="BC73E81A67E0952E99705E962B9F7CA8" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.193808" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9f229dfd-c07e-444d-b063-45a884c0adb9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193808" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460171317647" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lapolla, John S., Cheng, Chiu H. &amp; Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2010" docId="03D0077A055AFFAD12D8B08D48E9FE4D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02387p027.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2387" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paraparatrechina" docType="key" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFE97F020558FFAE124FB4274D7CFFC2" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) genus Paraparatrechina in the Afrotropical and Malagasy Regions" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698236009178" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="19CDDFAB897B807CB36C6FA0744E88F2">Taxonomic revision of the ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) genus Paraparatrechina in the Afrotropical and Malagasy Regions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="72F8CEE79AF2D85B4B491383D57EFD17">Lapolla, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2507E864427DF79C0C9DF1ACAA876BBF">Cheng, Chiu H.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03D0077A055AFFAD12D8B08D48E9FE4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6204181" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124956370" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6204181" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D0077A055AFFAD12D8B08D48E9FE4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D0077A055AFFAD12D8B08D48E9FE4D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B08D493BFB06" blockId="2.[151,1095,1194,1220]" box="[151,1095,1194,1220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D08E0100055AFFAC12D8B08D493BFB06" bold="true" box="[151,1095,1194,1220]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC12D8B08D493BFB06" bold="true" box="[151,1095,1194,1220]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Key to
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC12BFB08D4CBBFB06" box="[240,455,1194,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC12BFB08D4CBBFB06" bold="true" box="[240,455,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paraparatrechina</emphasis>
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workers in the Afrotropical and
<collectingCountry id="F36EF6FC055AFFAC112CB08D4EA7FB06" box="[867,987,1194,1220]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
Regions
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B0D548E7FACB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,1266,1289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B0D548E7FACB" box="[151,1435,1266,1289]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1. Eyes small relative to head length (REL ≤ 16)............................................................................................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B13548E7FAEB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,1298,1321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B13548E7FAEB" box="[151,1435,1298,1321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">- Eyes medium to large relative to head length (REL ≥ 17) ........................................................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="308DAEC9055AFFAC12D8B11548E7FAAB" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B11548E0FA8B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1436,1330,1353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B11548E0FA8B" box="[151,1436,1330,1353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2. Eyes consisting of less than 10 facets; polymorphic, with clearly expressed major caste; West Africa ...................... 3</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B17548E7FAAB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,1362,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B17548E7FAAB" box="[151,1435,1362,1385]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
- Eyes consisting of more than 10 facets; monomorphic;
<collectingCountry id="F36EF6FC055AFFAC115AB1754EE8FAAB" box="[789,916,1362,1385]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
........................................................................... 4
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3. Head, scapes, and legs with numerous erect setae............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC1708B15548E0FA4B" box="[1351,1436,1394,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bufonus">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC1708B15548E0FA4B" box="[1351,1436,1394,1417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">bufonus</emphasis>
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- Head with only sparsely scattered erect setae; scapes and legs without erect setae.............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC1714B1B548E1FA6B" box="[1371,1437,1426,1449]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="weissi">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC1714B1B548E1FA6B" box="[1371,1437,1426,1449]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">weissi</emphasis>
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4. Scape with decumbent pubescence; scapes surpass posterior margin by approximately length of the first 34 funicu- lar segments ..........................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC1717B1F548E0FA2B" box="[1368,1436,1490,1513]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC1717B1F548E0FA2B" box="[1368,1436,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">myops</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B1D548E7F9EB" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
- Scape with appressed pubescence; scapes surpass posterior margin by approximately length of the first 23 funicular segments.........................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC177EB23548E7F9EB" box="[1329,1435,1554,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ocellatula">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC177EB23548E7F9EB" box="[1329,1435,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ocellatula</emphasis>
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<keyStep id="308DAEC9055AFFAC12D8B21548E7F9AB" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B21548E7F98B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,1586,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B21548E7F98B" box="[151,1435,1586,1609]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">5. Mesosoma elongate in lateral view, with pronotum gently rising towards mesonotum............................................... 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B27548E7F9AB" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,1618,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B27548E7F9AB" box="[151,1435,1618,1641]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">- Mesosoma compact in lateral view, with pronotum steeply rising towards mesonotum ............................................. 8</keyLead>
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</keyStep>
<keyStep id="308DAEC9055AFFAC12D8B25548E7F92B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B25548E0F96B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
6. Propodeum with a short, angular dorsal face, and a long declivitous face; scape length &lt;
<quantity id="4C811B89055AFFAC163CB25549B4F94B" box="[1139,1224,1650,1673]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
;
<collectingCountry id="F36EF6FC055AFFAC169CB2554828F94B" box="[1235,1364,1650,1673]" name="Madagascar" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
.......... .............................................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC171AB2B548E0F96B" box="[1365,1436,1682,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC171AB2B548E0F96B" box="[1365,1436,1682,1705]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">glabra</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B29548E7F92B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
- Propodeum with rounded dorsal face, not conspicuously longer than declivitous face; scape length&gt;
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; East &amp; West Africa ................................................................................................................................................................... 7
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7. Scape length&gt;
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; tibiae same brown color as mesosoma; protrochanter brown as in mesosoma, but meso/ metatrochanters may be lighter brown; mandibles and antennae typically same brown color as head
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.........
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC1762B33548E9F8EB" box="[1325,1429,1810,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendida">splendida</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B31548E9F8AB" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
- Scape length &lt;
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; tibiae whitish to brownish-yellow; all trochanters white; mandibles and antennae yellow- ish-brown, contrasting with brown head......................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC1750B37548E9F8AB" box="[1311,1429,1874,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="concinnata">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC1750B37548E9F8AB" box="[1311,1429,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">concinnata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<keyStep id="308DAEC9055AFFAC12D8B35548E7F86B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B35548E0F84B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1436,1906,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B35548E0F84B" box="[151,1436,1906,1929]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8. Yellow to brownish-yellow species, although may possess a conspicuously darker gaster that is brown in color......9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B3B548E7F86B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,1938,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B3B548E7F86B" box="[151,1435,1938,1961]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">- Brown to dark brown species with the gaster the same color as the head and mesosoma ......................................... 12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B39548E9F80B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1429,1970,1993]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B39548E9F80B" box="[151,1429,1970,1993]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
9. Gaster brown, conspicuously contrasting with yellow head and mesosoma...............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055AFFAC1753B39548E9F80B" box="[1308,1429,1970,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbranatis">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055AFFAC1753B39548E9F80B" box="[1308,1429,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">umbranatis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC6B66C055AFFAC12D8B3F548E7F82B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1266,2025]" box="[151,1435,2002,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="30881559055AFFAC12D8B3F548E7F82B" box="[151,1435,2002,2025]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">- Gaster brownish-yellow to yellow, not conspicuously contrasting with head and mesosoma ................................... 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="30881559055BFFAD12D8B4BF48E9FF6D" box="[151,1429,152,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
10. Smaller species (HL &amp; SL &lt;
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) ................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055BFFAD1703B4BF48E9FF6D" box="[1356,1429,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gnoma">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055BFFAD1703B4BF48E9FF6D" box="[1356,1429,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">gnoma</emphasis>
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- Larger species (HL &amp; SL&gt;
<quantity id="4C811B89055BFFAD13B5B49F4F31FF0D" box="[506,589,184,207]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
) .........................................................................................................................11
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11. Head and scapes with decumbent pubescence; REL ≤ 22................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055BFFAD1707B4FF48E9FF2D" box="[1352,1429,216,239]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subtilis">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055BFFAD1707B4FF48E9FF2D" box="[1352,1429,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">subtilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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- Head and scapes with appressed pubescence; REL ≥ 23.....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055BFFAD171BB4DF48EAFECD" box="[1364,1430,248,271]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreias">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055BFFAD171BB4DF48EAFECD" box="[1364,1430,248,271]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">oreias</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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12. Mesosomal dorsum (primarily pronotum and mesonotum) much lighter (almost white in some specimens) than remainder of mesosoma, head and gaster; white colored pubescence covering body ......................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055BFFAD1707B51F48E9FE8D" box="[1352,1429,312,335]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albipes">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055BFFAD1707B51F48E9FE8D" box="[1352,1429,312,335]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">albipes</emphasis>
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- Mesosomal dorsum not much lighter than remainder of mesosoma, head and gaster; golden colored pubescence cov- ering body ......................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C79CDEF055BFFAD1762B55F48E9FE4D" box="[1325,1429,376,399]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraparatrechina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunnella">
<emphasis id="B90D6A7E055BFFAD1762B55F48E9FE4D" box="[1325,1429,376,399]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">brunnella</emphasis>
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