115 lines
13 KiB
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115 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D2883DAEE503C56607146650BA5B5C58">New genera and species of deep-sea Goniasteridae (Asteroidea) from the North Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E86BCE7B6DC8D04D433A2DE2805B8B07">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="B46C6F67F93AB92FBBD0CFF634FB4BA0">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C37BD881FF93C34FFF772CFA528743B1" box="[151,454,690,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDE8B0AFF93C34FFF772CFA528743B1" blockId="14.[151,454,690,717]" box="[151,454,690,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<taxonomicName id="4C61F089FF93C34FFF772CFA528743B1" ID-CoL="7NSY6" authority="Koehler, 1909" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,454,690,717]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Circeaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFF772CFA525243B0" bold="true" box="[151,275,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Circeaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFEFA2CFA528743B1" author="Koehler, R." box="[282,454,690,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="115 - 131" refId="ref21798" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) An account of the deep-sea Asteroidea collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator. Echinoderma of the Indian Museum, Part 5, 115 - 131." type="book chapter" year="1909">Koehler, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37BD881FF93C34FFF772CB151B54253" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDE8B0AFF93C34FFF772CB151B54253" blockId="14.[151,1106,759,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB71AC24FF93C34FFF772CB157134272" box="[151,1106,759,784]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC0AD1BFF93C34FFF772CB152804272" author="Koehler, R." box="[151,449,759,783]" page="83" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C61F089FF93C34FFF772CB152804272" ID-CoL="7NSY6" authority="Koehler, 1909: 83" authorityName="Koehler" authorityPageNumber="83" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,449,759,783]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Circeaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFF772CB152404272" box="[151,257,760,783]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Circeaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFEE82CBE52804272" author="Koehler, R." box="[264,449,759,783]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="115 - 131" refId="ref21798" refString="Koehler, R. (1909) An account of the deep-sea Asteroidea collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator. Echinoderma of the Indian Museum, Part 5, 115 - 131." type="book chapter" year="1909">Koehler, 1909: 83</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC0AD1BFF93C34FFE2B2CBE51D64272" author="Halpern, J. A." box="[459,663,759,783]" page="265" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" year="1970">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFE2B2CBE51D64272" author="Halpern, J. A." box="[459,663,759,783]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref21438" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970 a) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern 1970a: 265</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC0AD1BFF93C34FFD412CB150184272" author="Downey, M. E." box="[673,857,759,784]" page="47" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFD412CB150184272" author="Downey, M. E." box="[673,857,759,784]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref20893" refString="Downey, M. E. (1973) Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 126, 1 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.126" type="journal article" year="1973">Downey 1973: 47</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 55, pl. 21A, B.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFC1F2CBE57134272" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[1023,1106,759,783]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" refId="ref20759" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp." type="book" year="1992">Clark &</bibRefCitation>
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Downey 1992: 237, A.M.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFE402D5F51094253" author="Clark, A. M." box="[416,584,790,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="187 - 366" refId="ref20685" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea Part 2: Valvatida. E chinoderm Studies, 4, 187 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9781003072553 - 4" type="journal article" year="1993">Clark 1993: 250</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0F6FBFF93C34FFDB32D5F51B14253" author="Mah, C. L." box="[595,752,790,814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" pagination="917 - 954" refId="ref22084" refString="Mah, C. L. (2006) Phylogeny and biogeography of the deep-sea goniasterid, Circeaster (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) including descriptions of six new species. Zoosystema, 28 (4), 917 - 954." type="journal article" year="2006">Mah 2006: 927</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37BD881FF93C34FFF772D1552B845C7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BDE8B0AFF93C34FFF772D155251420B" blockId="14.[151,272,860,886]" box="[151,272,860,886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFF772D155251420B" bold="true" box="[151,272,860,886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE8B0AFF93C34FFF772DED52B845C7" blockId="14.[151,1437,932,1211]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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Body weakly stellate to stellate, R/r> 2.5. Disk strongly arched, large. Arms elongate, tapering. tips upturned. Interradial arcs linear to curved.
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFDF72D8157A4457B" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Abactinal arm plates two to three times larger than disk plates, variably changing between gradually to abruptly from disk to arm. Abactinal arm and disk plates bare.</emphasis>
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Superomarginal plates abutted over midline in several species. Marginal plates bare, but variably with spinelets or granules present along dorsolateral/ventrolateral edges and surfaces of marginal plates. Greater density of spinelets/granules on inferomarginals than on superomarginals. Pedicellariae uncommon. Adambulacral furrow spines 6–15. Enlarged subambulacral spine or spines present. Prominent, paddle-like, bivalve, or sunken pedicellariae with jagged teeth present on adambulacral plates.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37BD881FF93C34FFF772B4550EA44A7" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BDE8B0AFF93C34FFF772B45525F445B" blockId="14.[151,286,1292,1318]" box="[151,286,1292,1318]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<heading id="D0963C66FF93C34FFF772B45525F445B" bold="true" box="[151,286,1292,1318]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFF772B45525F445B" bold="true" box="[151,286,1292,1318]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Comments</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDE8B0AFF93C34FFF772B1D50EA44A7" blockId="14.[151,1436,1364,1499]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<taxonomicName id="4C61F089FF93C34FFF772B1D524D4413" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,268,1364,1390]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Circeaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFF772B1D524D4413" box="[151,268,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Circeaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes, at present, 9 species distributed throughout the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans in deep-sea settings,
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<quantity id="4C9926EFFF93C34FFEC72B3152F944EE" box="[295,440,1400,1427]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" metricValueMax="2.16" metricValueMin="0.32" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" unit="m" value="1240.0" valueMax="2160.0" valueMin="320.0">320–2160 m</quantity>
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. A new subfamily, the
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<taxonomicName id="4C61F089FF93C34FFD592B31501844EF" authorityName="Mah" authorityYear="2024" box="[697,857,1400,1426]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Circeasterinae">Circeasterinae</taxonomicName>
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was recently established for
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<taxonomicName id="4C61F089FF93C34FFB432B31565944EF" authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1909" box="[1187,1304,1400,1426]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Circeaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9155718FF93C34FFB432B31565944EF" box="[1187,1304,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Circeaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and related genera (Mah 2024) which all share differently sized disk and arm plates, distinctly coarse granules, blocky marginal plates, large subambulacral spine or spines, and alveolar pedicellariae.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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