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<document id="563C6356EA8689356DC230A92FF8716F" ID-CLB-Dataset="303278" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5506.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="376491fe-cadb-454b-82bb-16edc4df6ef8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746744" ID-ZooBank="F51D2CFF-49FF-4ED9-8A44-1FD0F1B10379" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1726053386088" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aidek, Ahmad E., Saad, Adib, Jablonski, Daniel, Esterbauer, Hans &amp; Fritz, Uwe" docDate="2024" docId="03B9F52AC734FF9704B62F28F139FDD4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5506.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5506 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5506.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rafetus euphraticus" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="170" masterDocId="FF808D52C725FF840421296BF408FFB5" masterDocTitle="Turtles and tortoises of Syria: Diversity, distribution, and conservation" masterLastPageNumber="193" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1726487354855" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="2031826B8CCF6A4BB6971E1D46494CD3">
<mods:title id="E9113A71975495E5C6BC4983B486FF75">Turtles and tortoises of Syria: Diversity, distribution, and conservation</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A816DF7FA4C1745767005D3614E4FD7A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8C3845F03ACD43D9D220714CF49D7157">
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<mods:namePart id="EE113DDC968D64A8F0A70B5B403B79D4">Aidek, Ahmad E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4E513A0686EEEBC5F1FFBB6608118FE1">General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Deir ez-Zor, Syria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="634A2E3022F79826A5BBE6CCCF1A1D93">Saad, Adib</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C077BAF3FDDAFB653E08E3FFA6834E7C">Al-Manara University, Latakia, Syria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="14DB1FD3D1C9C58A7B9DF445769D6CA9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="11AA36315CA63539DDB0343E1B1D25FD">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E3330137656E7D6510432F35C8C29251">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C320DFAC4F28FC12748E70D98C5D6075">Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6EA4818275E5D70F4DC3226ECB46C997" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1D40AD8FF6ED0412E81CC86F06056413">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="ED29A2FD2ABEC01BB4C079669FC334C1">Esterbauer, Hans</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B6E57DE115155B90D4EB0477AFBDBF5B">Johann-Puch-Strasse 27 / III / 5, 4400 Steyr, Austria</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="645DA5B6B10B6A7298C9AD77C3925F82">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9B0BECE909E115C231BBC05CE5569367">Fritz, Uwe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F05CD77B37CF7489E3F7BAA28923A3D3">Museum of Zoology, Senckenberg Dresden, A. B. Meyer Building, 01109 Dresden, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:date id="FEBC3EB1F39384F27B55670F0822E51B">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03B9F52AC734FF9704B62F28F139FDD4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13767997" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13767997" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9F52AC734FF9704B62F28F139FDD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9F52AC734FF9704B62F28F139FDD4" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C734FF9504B62F28F62DF937" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504B62F28F6C2F9E8" blockId="17.[151,714,1603,1666]" box="[151,714,1603,1630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="D0E7F350C734FF9504B62F28F6C2F9E8" bold="true" box="[151,714,1603,1630]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504B62F28F6C2F9E8" bold="true" box="[151,714,1603,1630]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC734FF9504B62F28F582F9EB" ID-CoL="6X45Z" authority="(Olivier in Daudin, 1801)" box="[151,394,1603,1630]" class="Testudines" family="Trionychidae" genus="Rafetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504B62F28F582F9EB" bold="true" box="[151,394,1603,1630]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Rafetus euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Olivier in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF95063A2F28F6CAF9E8" author="Daudin, F. M." box="[539,706,1603,1629]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refId="ref14188" refString="Daudin, F. M. (1801) Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles. Tome Second. F. Dufart, Paris, 432 pp." type="book" year="1801">Daudin, 1801</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504B62F03F62DF937" blockId="17.[151,714,1603,1666]" box="[151,549,1640,1666]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
Euphrates Softshell Turtle (
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C734FF9505EA2F03F614F937" box="[459,540,1640,1666]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="18.[151,250,630,654]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,606]" captionTargetId="figure-21@18.[151,1436,181,606]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 16. Euphrates softshell turtle, Rafetus euphraticus. (A) Young individual,Al-Hseiniyeh; (B) adult individual, at-Tebni (photos: Ahmad Aidek)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746782/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C734FF9504B62FC4F6C1F97F" box="[151,713,1711,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504B62FC4F6C1F97F" blockId="17.[151,1437,1711,2026]" box="[151,713,1711,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504B62FC4F5C9F97C" bold="true" box="[151,449,1711,1738]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">IUCN Red List Category</emphasis>
: Endangered (EN A4c)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C734FF9704E62FBFF502FEF4" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504E62FBFF6A1F8A7" blockId="17.[151,1437,1711,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<materialsCitation id="3B784E61C734FF9504E62FBFF6AEF8A7" country="Iraq" location="Al-Anbar" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Al Anbar" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504E62FBFF556F958" bold="true" box="[199,350,1747,1774]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC734FF9504E62FBFF50AF95B" box="[199,258,1748,1774]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
: “Le Tigre et l’Euphrate” [
<collectorName id="26E521EAC734FF9506A52FBFF6C1F95B" box="[644,713,1748,1774]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Tigris</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26E521EAC734FF9506DC2FBFF7C9F95B" box="[765,961,1748,1774]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Euphrates Rivers</collectorName>
]; restricted to Euphrates (
<collectorName id="26E521EAC734FF9500F82FBFF13DF95B" box="[1241,1333,1748,1774]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Al Firat</collectorName>
), vicinity of Anah,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC734FF9504DC2F93F560F8A7" box="[253,360,1784,1810]" country="Iraq" name="Al Anbar" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Al-Anbar</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC734FF9505562F93F5AFF8A7" box="[375,423,1784,1810]" name="Iraq" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Iraq</collectingCountry>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF9505F82F93F6AEF8A7" author="Bour, R. &amp; Dubois, A. &amp; Webb, R. G." box="[473,678,1783,1810]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" pagination="73 - 92" refId="ref13884" refString="Bour, R., Dubois, A. &amp; Webb, R. G. (1995) Types of recent trionychid turtles in the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Dumerilia, 2, 73 - 92." type="journal article" year="1995">
Bour
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9506392F93F658F8A7" box="[536,592,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
(1995)
</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504E62E77F582F8EF" blockId="17.[151,1437,1711,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504E62E77F57FF880" bold="true" box="[199,375,1819,1846]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Type specimen</emphasis>
: Not located, but the animal figured on plate
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C734FF95075A2E77F7BDF883" box="[891,949,1820,1846]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0413999999999999" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="in" value="41.0">41 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF95079D2E77F069F883" author="Daudin, F. M." box="[956,1121,1820,1846]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refId="ref14188" refString="Daudin, F. M. (1801) Histoire Naturelle, Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles. Tome Second. F. Dufart, Paris, 432 pp." type="book" year="1801">Daudin (1801)</bibRefCitation>
was designated as
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC734FF95011B2E77F194F883" box="[1338,1436,1820,1846]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF95049B2E2BF58FF8EF" author="Bour, R. &amp; Dubois, A. &amp; Webb, R. G." box="[186,391,1855,1882]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" pagination="73 - 92" refId="ref13884" refString="Bour, R., Dubois, A. &amp; Webb, R. G. (1995) Types of recent trionychid turtles in the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Dumerilia, 2, 73 - 92." type="journal article" year="1995">
Bour
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504D82E2BF539F8EF" box="[249,305,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
(1995)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504E62E08F693F8CB" blockId="17.[151,1437,1711,2026]" box="[199,667,1891,1918]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504E62E08F54EF8C8" bold="true" box="[199,326,1891,1917]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Chorotype</emphasis>
: SW Asiatic (Mesopotamian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504E62EECF7B8F817" blockId="17.[151,1437,1711,2026]" box="[199,944,1927,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504E62EECF583F814" bold="true" box="[199,395,1927,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">First records for</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9505B22EECF5DBF814" bold="true" box="[403,467,1927,1953]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC734FF9505B22EECF5DBF814" box="[403,467,1927,1953]" name="Syria" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Syria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC734FF9505C12EE3F659F817" box="[480,593,1928,1954]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC734FF95067B2EE3F6DAF817" box="[602,722,1928,1954]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF9506C12EE3F7ABF817" author="Siebenrock, F." box="[736,931,1928,1954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" pagination="171 - 225" refId="ref19218" refString="Siebenrock, F. (1913) Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Expedition nach Mesopotamien, 1910. Schildkroten aus Syrien und Mesopotamien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, 27, 171 - 225." type="journal article" year="1913">Siebenrock 1913</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC734FF9504E62EC0F5DBF85F" blockId="17.[151,1437,1711,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B964982EC734FF9504E62EC0F577F873" bold="true" box="[199,383,1963,1990]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Literature data</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC734FF9505AC2EC7F5F6F873" box="[397,510,1964,1990]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC734FF9506262EC7F677F873" box="[519,639,1964,1990]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
(= Hsitsche;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF9507372EC7F7DFF873" author="Siebenrock, F." box="[790,983,1964,1990]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" pagination="171 - 225" refId="ref19218" refString="Siebenrock, F. (1913) Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Expedition nach Mesopotamien, 1910. Schildkroten aus Syrien und Mesopotamien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, 27, 171 - 225." type="journal article" year="1913">Siebenrock 1913</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC734FF9507CA2EC7F059F873" box="[1003,1105,1964,1990]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF9500412EC7F12DF873" author="Kinzelbach, R." box="[1120,1317,1964,1990]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" pagination="83 - 87" refId="ref16304" refString="Kinzelbach, R. (1986) Recent records of the Nile soft-shelled turtle, Trionyx triunguis, and the Euphrates soft-shelled turtle, Trionyx euphraticus, in the Middle East. Zoology in the Middle East, 1, 83 - 87. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.1986.10637519" type="journal article" year="1986">Kinzelbach 1986</bibRefCitation>
), at-Tebni, Al-Hseiniyeh (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC734FF95051D2EBBF5CFF85F" author="Aidek, E. A." box="[316,455,2000,2026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" refId="ref12916" refString="Aidek, E. A. (2010) A Guide to the Biodiversity of Deir ez - Zor Area. Al-Quds House for Sciences, Damascus, 112 pp." type="book" year="2010">Aidek 2010</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6F14B4C737FF9604B62B1DF584FD07" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746782" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746782/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" startId="18.[151,250,630,654]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,606]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC737FF9604B62B1DF584FD07" blockId="18.[151,1436,630,690]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B964982EC737FF9604B62B1DF517FD3B" bold="true" box="[151,287,630,654]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
Euphrates softshell turtle,
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC737FF96060D2B1CF6FDFD3B" box="[556,757,630,655]" class="Testudines" family="Trionychidae" genus="Rafetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="B964982EC737FF96060D2B1CF6FDFD3B" box="[556,757,630,655]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Rafetus euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (
<emphasis id="B964982EC737FF9607282B1DF713FD3B" bold="true" box="[777,795,630,654]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">A</emphasis>
) Young individual, Al-Hseiniyeh; (
<emphasis id="B964982EC737FF96005E2B1CF098FD3A" bold="true" box="[1151,1168,631,655]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">B</emphasis>
) adult individual, at-Tebni (photos: Ahmad Aidek).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6F14B4C737FF9604B62EEAF5D5F808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746784" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746784/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" startId="18.[151,250,1921,1945]" targetBox="[161,1429,725,1891]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC737FF9604B62EEAF5D5F808" blockId="18.[151,1436,1921,1981]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B964982EC737FF9604B62EEAF517F82C" bold="true" box="[151,287,1921,1945]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
Records of
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC737FF9605B82EE9F66BF82C" box="[409,611,1921,1946]" class="Testudines" family="Trionychidae" genus="Rafetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="B964982EC737FF9605B82EE9F66BF82C" box="[409,611,1921,1946]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Rafetus euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Syria. Black circles: previous records, blue circle: recently confirmed previous record, red circles: new records.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E629FCF6BFFF60" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9704E629FCF5BDFF05" bold="true" box="[199,437,150,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Museum specimens</emphasis>
: Jarablus (
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C736FF97061929FCF689FF04" box="[568,641,151,177]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">NMW</collectionCode>
1856:1),
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC736FF9706D729FCF766FF04" box="[758,878,151,177]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
(
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C736FF9707A029FCF7C2FF04" box="[897,970,151,177]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">NMW</collectionCode>
30291:3–4),
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC736FF97004A29FCF0D9FF04" box="[1131,1233,151,177]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
(
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C736FF9700C529FCF125FF04" box="[1252,1325,151,177]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">NMW</collectionCode>
30282:1, 30283:1, 30892:1), ar-Rasafah (
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C736FF9705DA29D0F64CFF60" box="[507,580,187,213]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">NMW</collectionCode>
30895:1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E629B5F756FF4C" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,862,222,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9704E629B5F5C6FF4C" bold="true" box="[199,462,222,249]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Citizen science record</emphasis>
: Abu Qbei’ (observation.org 2023).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E62868F502FEF4" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9704E62868F571FEA8" bold="true" box="[199,377,259,285]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Recent records</emphasis>
: Al-Bseireh,
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC736FF97062A2868F68EFEA8" box="[523,646,259,285]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
, Al-Jamel, Gharaneij, Muhasan, Sadd Mazkaft, Sadd Tishreen, Tabqah, Tell Tamr.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C736FF9704E62821F0B3FE3C" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E62821F0B3FE3C" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9704E62821F5C8FED1" bold="true" box="[199,448,330,356]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
Distribution in
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC736FF9705A12821F5C8FED1" box="[384,448,330,356]" name="Syria" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Syria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Along the Euphrates River and the upper Al-Khabour River, but very rare. Its numbers have declined significantly in recent years as it was often caught in fishermen’s lines (
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C736FF97007B2804F0A6FE3C" box="[1114,1198,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,725,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-48@18.[151,1436,715,1898]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 17. Records of Rafetus euphraticus in Syria. Black circles: previous records, blue circle: recently confirmed previous record, red circles: new records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746784/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C736FF9704E628F8F139FDD4" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E628F8F7E1FE64" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9704E628F8F53CFE18" bold="true" box="[199,308,403,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Remarks</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC736FF97056828F8F650FE18" author="TaSkavak, E. &amp; Atatur, M. K. &amp; Ghaffari, H. &amp; Meylan, P. A." box="[329,600,403,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refId="ref20195" refString="TaSkavak, E., Atatur, M. K., Ghaffari, H. &amp; Meylan, P. A. (2016) Rafetus euphraticus (Daudin 1801) - Euphrates softshell turtle. In: Rhodin, A. G. J., Iverson, J. B., van Dijk, P. P., Saumure, R. A., Buhlmann, K. A., Pritchard, P. C. H. &amp; Mittermeier, R. A. (Eds.), Conservation biology of freshwater turtles and tortoises: A compilation project of the IUCN / SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs, 5, 98.1 - 98.11. https: // doi. org / 10.3854 / crm. 5.098. euphraticus. v 1.2016" type="journal volume" year="2016">
TaŞkavak
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9705E128F8F5F7FE18" box="[448,511,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
(2016)
</bibRefCitation>
provided comprehensive information about distribution, classification, nesting, threats, etc. but without any additional information related to
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC736FF97078728DCF7EDFE64" box="[934,997,439,465]" name="Syria" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Syria</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E628B0F12EFD88" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
Specimen NMW 30895:1 are viscera collected from ar-Rasafah. This site is arid and far from the river, so it is most likely that they were carried there by a predator from the vicinity of
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC736FF9707EA2894F03DFDAC" box="[971,1077,511,537]" country="Syria" name="Ar Raqqah" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">ar-Raqqa</collectingRegion>
. Ar-Rasafah (see
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C736FF9700D62894F170FDAC" box="[1271,1400,511,537]" captionStart="APPENDIX 1" captionStartId="34.[151,289,152,176]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="APPENDIX 1. Own, published and museum distribution data used for the present study." pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Appendix 1</figureCitation>
) is not shown on the distribution map for
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC736FF9706642B48F6E0FD88" box="[581,744,547,573]" class="Testudines" family="Trionychidae" genus="Rafetus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="B964982EC736FF9706642B48F6E0FD88" box="[581,744,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">R. euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C736FF9706D92B48F741FD88" box="[760,841,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1921,1945]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,725,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-48@18.[151,1436,715,1898]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 17. Records of Rafetus euphraticus in Syria. Black circles: previous records, blue circle: recently confirmed previous record, red circles: new records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746784/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
) but included in the grid cell map (
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C736FF9700F52B48F110FD88" box="[1236,1304,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionTargetBox="[304,1292,198,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-21@6.[292,1295,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Species diversity of turtles and tortoises (total number of species recorded per 20x20 km grid cell) projected on the (A) topographic and (B) biogeographic map of Syria. The grid cells with the highest species diversity (3 or 4 species) are highlighted as full red squares; important areas with conseration priority are indicated by a red border in (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746754" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746754/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC736FF9704E62B2CF139FDD4" blockId="19.[151,1437,150,609]" box="[199,1329,583,609]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
There are 19 records from
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC736FF9705D22B2CF626FDD4" box="[499,558,583,609]" name="Syria" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Syria</collectingCountry>
on GBIF. Of these, 16 are not from
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC736FF9707E52B2CF7F7FDD4" box="[964,1023,583,609]" name="Syria" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Syria</collectingCountry>
but from
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC736FF97004F2B2CF093FDD4" box="[1134,1179,583,609]" name="Iraq" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Iraq</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC736FF9700F02B2CF125FDD4" box="[1233,1325,583,609]" name="Turkey" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Türkiye</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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