573 lines
69 KiB
XML
573 lines
69 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9C7E6F9050E62620937D255624E59D19">Turtles and tortoises of Syria: Diversity, distribution, and conservation</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C71966A6592045E51B4688EBC3B983EF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CF6A554D92DA8ED3F81524166CA7A846">Aidek, Ahmad E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="602F39D228D72CAC3EACFC50E127F99E">General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research, Deir ez-Zor, Syria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="FF0F398A6D2F54E0A63BBBFEFF27F6F1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9B7F1F42EFF0639B1874409A0CD03832">Saad, Adib</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5DF8B7A4B7F60C54E411444E38CEA093">Al-Manara University, Latakia, Syria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CEF40CF24787A8BF6846BD114A118C62">Jablonski, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BE42460D88BA286462A3FEBFFCDACC45">Department of Zoology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E17090E653E047C086227D8283FB1BCB">Esterbauer, Hans</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="25B1026D68A9756746E33615689BD371">Johann-Puch-Strasse 27 / III / 5, 4400 Steyr, Austria</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B03FF3A3DE1EC26A580F87B067FDE0A4">Fritz, Uwe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94D371DE02DECD058B7B924703E563C8">Museum of Zoology, Senckenberg Dresden, A. B. Meyer Building, 01109 Dresden, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8CE336A101FFB69228413130B5ABD3E5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3492E3BB61A628A20A71B6EBAF856A0A">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C10A21C539FD4AD0352E52C474CFCBDE">2024-09-06</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B9F52AC731FF9304B62F9CF61AF998" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13768003" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13768003" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9F52AC731FF9304B62F9CF61AF998" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B9F52AC731FF9304B62F9CF61AF998" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C731FF9004B62F9CF6E0F883" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAF443CC731FF9004B62F9CF679F8A4" blockId="20.[151,744,1782,1846]" box="[151,625,1782,1810]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<heading id="D0E7F350C731FF9004B62F9CF679F8A4" bold="true" box="[151,625,1782,1810]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC731FF9004B62F9CF679F8A4" ID-CoL="5F7F2" authority="Forskal, 1775" authorityName="Forskal" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,625,1782,1810]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="graeca" subSpecies="terrestris">
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||
<emphasis id="B964982EC731FF9004B62F9CF679F8A4" bold="true" box="[151,625,1782,1810]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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||
<emphasis id="B964982EC731FF9004B62F9CF5C9F8A7" bold="true" box="[151,449,1783,1810]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Testudo graeca terrestris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC731FF9005E92F9DF679F8A4" author="Forskal, P." box="[456,625,1782,1809]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refId="ref14464" refString="Forskal, P. (1775) Descriptiones Animalium: Avium, Amphibiorum, Piscium, Insectorum, Vermium; quae in Itinere Orientali Observavit. Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Moller, Copenhagen, 164 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2154" type="book" year="1775">Forskål, 1775</bibRefCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC731FF9004B62E77F6E0F883" blockId="20.[151,744,1782,1846]" box="[151,744,1820,1846]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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Mesopotamian Tortoise, Levantine Tortoise (
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<figureCitation id="132B58B9C731FF9006AE2E77F6E8F883" box="[655,736,1820,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,849,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-266@21.[151,1435,849,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Coloration of Testudo graeca terrestris. (A) Al-Hardana, north of Mesopotamia (photo: Mohammed Al-Karraf); (B) Maqta’ Hajar, northeast Aleppo (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (C) Majdalun Al-Bustan, coastal region (photo: Ali Ali); (D) Al- Bassah, coastal region (photo: Ali Alloush); (E) Sadd Al-Kafat, southeast Hamah (photo: Ehab Jbr); (F) as-Sabbourah, west of Damascus (photo: Wa’el Almatni); (G) Masil Al-Fawwar, southwestern Syria (photo: Hans Esterbauer); (H) hatchling, Shahba, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (I) hatchling, Tell Sheihan, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Wa’el Almatni)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746790/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C731FF9004B62E36F796F8C2" box="[151,926,1884,1912]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC731FF9004B62E36F796F8C2" blockId="20.[151,1437,1884,2020]" box="[151,926,1884,1912]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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||
<emphasis id="B964982EC731FF9004B62E36F680F8C2" bold="true" box="[151,648,1884,1911]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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||
IUCN Red List Category (
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC731FF9005F02E37F688F8C2" box="[465,640,1884,1911]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graeca">
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<emphasis id="B964982EC731FF9005F02E37F688F8C2" bold="true" box="[465,640,1884,1911]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Testudo graeca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</emphasis>
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: Vulnerable (VU A1cd).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C731FF9304E62EEAF736FE18" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC731FF9104E62EEAF4E8FF60" blockId="20.[151,1437,1884,2020]" lastBlockId="21.[151,1437,151,825]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="172" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="B964982EC731FF9004E62EEAF569F82E" bold="true" box="[199,353,1921,1947]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Type locality</emphasis>
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: “Lohajae ..&.. Kahirae..&.. Aleppo..&..
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF90071B2EEAF792F82E" box="[826,922,1921,1947]" name="Lebanon" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Libanon</collectingCountry>
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” [Al Luhayyah ..&.. Cario ..&.. Aleppo ..&.. Mount
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF9004CF2ECEF55FF80A" box="[238,343,1957,1983]" name="Lebanon" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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]. Restricted to Arabien [Arabia] by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC731FF9007242ECEF7CEF875" author="Wermuth, H." box="[773,966,1957,1984]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="399 - 423" refId="ref21446" refString="Wermuth, H. (1956) Versuch der Deutung einiger bisher ubersehener Schildkroten-Namen. Zoologische Beitrage, Neue Folge, 2, 399 - 423." type="journal article" year="1956">Wermuth (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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, to “Libanon-Gebirge,
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF9000FB2ECEF113F80A" box="[1242,1307,1957,1983]" name="Israel" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Israel</collectingCountry>
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” [
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF9001162ECEF194F80A" box="[1335,1436,1957,1983]" name="Lebanon" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
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Mountains,
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF90053D2EA2F555F856" box="[284,349,1993,2019]" name="Israel" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Israel</collectingCountry>
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] by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC731FF9005AA2EA2F64DF851" author="Wermuth, H." box="[395,581,1993,2020]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="149 - 153" refId="ref21473" refString="Wermuth, H. (1958) Status und Nomenklatur der Maurischen Landschildkrote, Testudo graeca, in SW-Asien und NO-Afrika. Senckenbergiana biologica, 39, 149 - 153." type="journal article" year="1958">Wermuth (1958)</bibRefCitation>
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, to “environs d’Alep (=
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<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC731FF9007732EA2F791F856" box="[850,921,1993,2019]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Halab</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF90078A2EA2F7E0F856" box="[939,1000,1993,2019]" name="Syria" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Syrie</collectingCountry>
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” [
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC731FF9007DE2EA2F037F856" box="[1023,1087,1993,2019]" name="Syria" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Syria</collectingCountry>
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||
] by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC731FF90004F2EA1F0F1F856" author="Bour, R." box="[1134,1273,1993,2020]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" pagination="13 - 19" refId="ref13799" refString="Bour, R. (1989) Caracteres diagnostiques offerts par le crane des tortues terrestres du genre Testudo. Mesogee, 48, 13 - 19." type="journal article" year="1989">Bour (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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||
, and validly to “
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91048029FCF4FEFF04" box="[161,246,151,177]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
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||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91052729FCF548FF04" box="[262,320,151,177]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Alep</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91056D29FCF59AFF04" box="[332,402,151,177]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Halab</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2422FBC730FF9105BE29FCF60AFF04" box="[415,514,151,177]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" precision="925" value="36.2">36°12’N</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2422FBC730FF91062F29FCF667FF04" box="[526,623,151,177]" degrees="37" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" precision="925" value="37.15">37°09’E</geoCoordinate>
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||
),
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC730FF9106A529FCF6B7FF04" box="[644,703,151,177]" name="Syria" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Syria</collectingCountry>
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||
(
|
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC730FF9106EE29FCF7C1FF04" box="[719,969,151,177]" name="Syria" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Syrian Arab Republic</collectingCountry>
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)” by
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<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC730FF91002729FCF057FF04" box="[1030,1119,151,177]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9100D629FCF4DCFF60" author="Perala, J. & Bour, R." pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="114 - 119" refId="ref16958" refString="Perala, J. & Bour, R. (2004) Neotype of Testudo terrestris Forsskal, 1775 (Testudines, Testudinidae). Asiatic Herpetological Research, 10, 114 - 119." type="journal article" year="2004">Perälä & Bour 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC730FF9104E629B4F5F2FEA8" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104E629B4F575FF4D" bold="true" box="[199,381,222,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Type specimen</emphasis>
|
||
:
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<materialsCitation id="3B784E61C730FF9105B329B4F694FF4C" box="[402,668,223,249]" collectionCode="NMW" location="Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" specimenCode="NMW 18674" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Wien" typeStatus="syntype">
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||
Original
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC730FF9105DC29B4F657FF4C" box="[509,607,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
lost;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B784E61C730FF91068829B4F5ECFEA8" collectionCode="NMW" location="Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" specimenCode="NMW 18674" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Wien" typeStatus="syntype">
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||
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC730FF91068829B4F70AFF4C" box="[681,770,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
|
||
designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91079C29B4F0CFFF4C" author="Perala, J. & Bour, R." box="[957,1223,223,249]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="114 - 119" refId="ref16958" refString="Perala, J. & Bour, R. (2004) Neotype of Testudo terrestris Forsskal, 1775 (Testudines, Testudinidae). Asiatic Herpetological Research, 10, 114 - 119." type="journal article" year="2004">Perälä & Bour (2004)</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<location id="8ECF12E7C730FF9100F929B4F4F1FEA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9F52AC731FF9304B62F9CF61AF998:8ECF12E7C730FF9100F929B4F4F1FEA8" name="Naturhistorisches Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" stateProvince="Wien">Naturhistorisches Museum</location>
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||
Wien,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB6EC47C730FF9105682868F5ECFEA8" box="[329,484,259,285]" collectionCode="NMW" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">NMW 18674</specimenCode>
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:2.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC730FF9104E6284DF651FEF4" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,601,294,321]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
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<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104E6284DF54EFEF5" bold="true" box="[199,326,294,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Chorotype</emphasis>
|
||
: Turano-Mediterranean.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC730FF9104E62821F740FED0" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,825]" box="[199,840,330,357]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
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<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104E62821F583FED1" bold="true" box="[199,395,330,357]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">First records for</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9105B22821F5DBFED1" bold="true" box="[403,467,330,356]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
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<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC730FF9105B22821F5DBFED1" box="[403,467,330,356]" name="Syria" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Syria</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9105C02820F630FED0" box="[481,568,331,357]" country="Syria" name="Al Ladhiqiyah" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Latakia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9106632820F69CFED0" box="[578,660,331,357]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9106832821F733FED0" author="Forskal, P." box="[674,827,330,357]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" refId="ref14464" refString="Forskal, P. (1775) Descriptiones Animalium: Avium, Amphibiorum, Piscium, Insectorum, Vermium; quae in Itinere Orientali Observavit. Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Moller, Copenhagen, 164 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 2154" type="book" year="1775">Forskål 1775</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC730FF9104E62805F06BFC8C" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104E62805F58BFE3C" bold="true" box="[199,387,366,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Literature data</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9105B52804F5EEFE3C" box="[404,486,367,393]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9105D82804F6AAFE3C" author="Boettger, O." box="[505,674,367,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="132 - 219" refId="ref13583" refString="Boettger, O. (1880) Die Reptilien und Amphibien von Syrien, Palaestina und Cypern. Berichte der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft, 1879 - 1880, 132 - 219." type="book chapter" year="1880">Boettger 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9106962804F704FE3C" box="[695,780,367,393]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91073D2804F76AFE3C" box="[796,866,367,393]" country="Syria" name="Hims" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Homs</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9107512804F7CCFE3C" box="[880,964,367,393]" country="Syria" name="Hamah" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Hamah</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Palmyra, near
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91005C2804F0F8FE3C" box="[1149,1264,367,393]" country="Syria" name="Dimashq" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Damascus</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9101222804F187FE3C" author="Lortet, L." box="[1283,1423,367,393]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="99 - 194" refId="ref16560" refString="Lortet, L. (1883) Poissons et reptiles du Lac de Tiberiade et de quelques autres parties de la Syrie. Archives du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Lyon, 3, 99 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / mhnly. 1883.941" type="journal article" year="1883">Lortet 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9104B628F8F4E1FE18" box="[151,233,403,429]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9104D628F8F5B0FE18" author="Siebenrock, F." box="[247,440,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="171 - 225" refId="ref19218" refString="Siebenrock, F. (1913) Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Expedition nach Mesopotamien, 1910. Schildkroten aus Syrien und Mesopotamien. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien, 27, 171 - 225." type="journal article" year="1913">Siebenrock 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9105EA28F8F606FE18" box="[459,526,403,429]" country="Syria" name="Hims" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Homs</collectingRegion>
|
||
Lake (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91067828F8F707FE18" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[601,783,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref13716" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1923) Etude sur les Batraciens et les Reptiles rapportes par M. Henri Gadeau de Kerville de son voyage zoologique en Syrie (avril-juin 1908). In: Pellegrin, J. (Ed.), Voyage zoologique d'Henri Gadeau de Kerville en Syrie (avril-juin 1908). Tome Quatrieme et Dernier. J. - B. Bailliere, Paris, pp. 41 - 55, pl. vi." type="book chapter" year="1923">Boulenger 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91073A28F8F778FE18" box="[795,880,403,429]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91075B28F8F7C6FE18" box="[890,974,403,429]" country="Syria" name="Tartus" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Tartous</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9107FA28F8F078FE18" author="Werner, F." box="[987,1136,403,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="130 - 141" refId="ref21504" refString="Werner, F. (1919) Ergebnisse einer mit Unterstutzung der Kais. Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien ausgefuhrten Forschungsreise von weiland Prof. Dr. Franz Tolg. I. Reptilien und Amphibien aus dem Amanus-Gebirge. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Berlin, 85 A / 8, 130 - 141." type="journal article" year="1919">Werner 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91005828F9F0BCFE18" author="Werner, F." box="[1145,1204,402,429]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="225 - 227" refId="ref21557" refString="Werner, F. (1935) Im Auto durch Syrien. Blatter fur Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde, 46, 225 - 227." type="journal article" year="1935">1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), between
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91010A28F8F166FE18" box="[1323,1390,403,429]" country="Syria" name="Hims" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Homs</collectingRegion>
|
||
and T-4 (Al-Furuklus;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91054428DCF60DFE64" author="Schmidt, K. P." box="[357,517,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="49 - 92" refId="ref19098" refString="Schmidt, K. P. (1939) Reptiles and amphibians from southwestern Asia. Zoological Series, Field Museum of Natural History, 24, 49 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 3841" type="journal article" year="1939">Schmidt 1939</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Golan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91064A28DCF76FFE64" author="Werner, Y. L. & Avital, E." box="[619,871,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="192 - 193" refId="ref21612" refString="Werner, Y. L. & Avital, E. (1980) The herpetofauna of Mt. Hermon and its altitudinal distribution. Israel Journal of Zoology, 29, 192 - 193." type="journal article" year="1980">Werner & Avital 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91075328DCF076FE64" author="Berger-Dell'mour, V. H." box="[882,1150,439,465]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="59 - 67" refId="ref13415" refString="Berger-Dell'mour, V. H. (1986) Zur Herpetofauna des Golan. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 87 B, 59 - 67." type="journal article" year="1986">Berger-Dell’mour 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9100B128DCF0EDFE64" box="[1168,1253,439,465]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9100D128DCF14FFE64" box="[1264,1351,439,465]" country="Syria" name="Al Ladhiqiyah" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Latakia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF91017328DCF190FE64" box="[1362,1432,439,465]" country="Syria" name="Hims" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Homs</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9104B628B0F4E3FE40" box="[151,235,475,501]" country="Syria" name="Hamah" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Hamah</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9104D628B0F565FE40" box="[247,365,475,501]" country="Syria" name="Dimashq" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Damascus</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Al-Qunaitra, Al-Hamidiyah (N Al-Qunaitra), Khan Arnabah (= Khan Uraynibah), Al-Ka’b, N and NW Taranjah, NW and W Hadar, S Arnah, W Majdal Shams (= Megdel Shams;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9100592894F149FDAC" author="Esterbauer, H." box="[1144,1345,510,537]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="23 - 34" refId="ref14303" refString="Esterbauer, H. (1985 a) Zur Herpetofauna Sudwestsyriens. Herpetofauna, 7 (38), 23 - 34." type="journal article" year="1985">Esterbauer 1985a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91016E2895F190FDAC" author="Esterbauer, H." box="[1359,1432,510,537]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="389 - 392" refId="ref14326" refString="Esterbauer, H. (1985 b) Okologische und verhaltensbiologische Beobachtungen an der Maurischen Landschildkrote, Testudo graeca terrestris Forskal, 1775 in Sudwestsyrien. Aquarien-Terrarien, 32, 389 - 392." type="journal article" year="1985">1985b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9104B62B48F4DBFD88" author="Esterbauer, H." box="[151,211,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="21 - 54" refId="ref14360" refString="Esterbauer, H. (1992) Die Herpetofauna des ostlichen Golan und Hermongebietes. Funde und Bemerkungen zur Systematik und Okologie. Zoology in the Middle East, 7, 21 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.1992.10637623" type="journal article" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), SE Jabal Al-Arab (Dzabal ad Druz;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9106512B48F6F3FD88" author="Vesely, M." box="[624,763,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="24 - 25" refId="ref21002" refString="Vesely, M. (1991) O herpetofaune Syrie. Akvarium-Terarium, 34, 24 - 25." type="journal article" year="1991">Veselý 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Golan and Mount Hermon (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9100612B48F13DFD88" author="Sivan, N. & Werner, Y. L." box="[1088,1333,547,573]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="193 - 211" refId="ref19439" refString="Sivan, N. & Werner, Y. L. (1992) Survey of the reptiles of the Golan plateau and Mt. Hermon. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution, 37, 193 - 211. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00212210.1992.10688655" type="journal article" year="1992">Sivan & Werner 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Mesiaf, Slenfeh, Al-Barah (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9105502B2CF6B0FDD4" author="Bischoff, W. & Schmidtler, J. F." box="[369,696,583,609]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="4 - 22" refId="ref13554" refString="Bischoff, W. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1994) Ergebnisse zweier Lacertiden-Exkursionen nach Syrien. Die Eidechse, 5, 4 - 22." type="journal article" year="1994">Bischoff & Schmidtler 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Seidnaya, Mesiaf, Jabal Al-Arab (= Jebel ed Drouz),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9101042B2CF195FDD4" box="[1317,1437,583,609]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9104BE2B00F55EFD30" author="Fritz, U. & Bischoff, W. & Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F." box="[159,342,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref14783" refString="Fritz, U., Bischoff, W., Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1996) Variabilitat syrischer Landschildkroten (Testudo graeca) sowie zur Systematik und Zoogeographie im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika. Herpetofauna, 18 (104), 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104FD2B00F51CFD30" box="[220,276,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Jabal Al-Arab (= Djebel Druz;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9106E22B00F7ACFD30" author="Bischoff, W. & in den Bosch, H. A. J. & Schmidtler, J. F." box="[707,932,619,645]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref13506" refString="Bischoff, W., in den Bosch, H. A. J. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1998) Mit dem Finger auf der Landkarte entdeckt. Eidechsen auf dem Djebel Druz. Die Eidechse, 9, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Bischoff
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF91070B2B00F76AFD30" box="[810,866,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C730FF9107962B01F7F8FD30" box="[951,1008,618,645]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
north of Sweida (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9100972B00F4DBFD1C" author="Moravec, J. & Orszagh, I." pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="181 - 182" refId="ref16858" refString="Moravec, J. & Orszagh, I. (1998) Testudo graeca terrestris als Wirt von Leptoconops irritans (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Salamandra, 34, 181 - 182." type="journal article" year="1998">Moravec & Orszagh 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC730FF9104C82BE4F53DFD1C" box="[233,309,655,681]" country="Saudi Arabia" name="Najran" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Najran</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9105672BE4F6E7FD1C" author="Lymberakis, R. & Kalionzopoulou, A." box="[326,751,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="33 - 39" refId="ref16609" refString="Lymberakis, R. & Kalionzopoulou, A. (2003) Additions to the herpetofauna of Syria. Zoology in the Middle East, 29, 33 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2003.10637967" type="journal article" year="2003">Lymberakis & Kalionzopoulou 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Al-Badia near Palmyra, Fir-Cedar Reserve (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9100DD2BE4F4DBFD78" author="Sindaco, R. & Serra, G. & Menegon, M." pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="29 - 38" refId="ref19307" refString="Sindaco, R., Serra, G. & Menegon, M. (2006) New data on the Syrian herpetofauna, with a newly recorded species of snake. Zoology in the Middle East, 37, 29 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2006.10638146" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Sindaco
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9101432BE4F195FD1C" box="[1378,1437,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Palmyra (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9105772BD8F61CFD78" author="Fritz, U. & Bischoff, W. & Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F." box="[342,532,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref14783" refString="Fritz, U., Bischoff, W., Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1996) Variabilitat syrischer Landschildkroten (Testudo graeca) sowie zur Systematik und Zoogeographie im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika. Herpetofauna, 18 (104), 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9105B42BD8F5C0FD78" box="[405,456,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Tahonat Al-Halawa, Slenfeh (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF91075B2BD8F03EFD78" author="Amr, Z. & Shehab, A. & Abu Baker, M." box="[890,1078,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="21 - 26" refId="ref13174" refString="Amr, Z., Shehab, A. & Abu Baker, M. (2007) Recent observations on the herpetofauna of Syria with notes on trade in reptiles. Herpetozoa, 20, 21 - 26." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Amr
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9107992BD8F7FAFD78" box="[952,1010,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Sweida, Qanawat, Rashiedeh, Seidnaya, Maalula, Mesiaf, Ain Al-Beidah, Jourin, Qal’at Samaan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9107A82BB3F050FD44" author="Siroky, P. & Jandzik, D. & Mikulicek, P. & Moravec, J. & Orszagh, I." box="[905,1112,727,755]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="485 - 489" refId="ref19361" refString="Siroky, P., Jandzik, D., Mikulicek, P., Moravec, J. & Orszagh, I. (2007) Leptoconops bezzii (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) parasitizing tortoises Testudo graeca (Testudines: Testudinidae) in mountain ranges of Lebanon and western Syria. Parasitology Research, 101, 485 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00436 - 007 - 0490 - 2" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Široký
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9107FC2BBCF01DFD44" box="[989,1045,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Maalula, Seidnaya, Ain Al-Beida, Qal’at Merza, Mesiaf, Al-Kafr, Sweida, between Sweida and Salah, Dar Ta’zah, Qal’at Samaan (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9101072B90F4DBFC8C" author="Fritz, U. & Hundsdorfer, A. K. & Siroky, P. & Auer, M. & Kami, H. & Lehmann, J. & Mazanaeva, L. F. & Turkozan, O. & Wink, M." pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="97 - 121" refId="ref14837" refString="Fritz, U., Hundsdorfer, A. K., Siroky, P., Auer, M., Kami, H., Lehmann, J., Mazanaeva, L. F., Turkozan, O. & Wink, M. (2007) Phenotypic plasticity leads to incongruence between morphology-based taxonomy and genetic differentiation in western Palaearctic tortoises (Testudo graeca complex; Testudines, Testudinidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 28, 97 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853807779799135" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9101452B90F195FCA0" box="[1380,1437,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Al-Qerdaha, Al-Boudi, Dhahr Drekeish, Jabla, Al-Bassah (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC730FF9107562A74F05EFC8C" author="Mhanna, H. & AlMasri, A. & Ibrahim, N." box="[887,1110,799,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" pagination="40 - 46" refId="ref16725" refString="Mhanna, H., AlMasri, A. & Ibrahim, N. (2021) The morphology and size of erythrocytes of six reptiles species [sic] from the Syrian coastal region. Scientific Reports in Life Sciences, 2, 40 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.22034 / srls. 2021.247948" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Mhanna
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9107FA2A74F01BFC8C" box="[987,1043,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF6F14B4C730FF9104B62FAFF0B2F8D8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746790" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746790/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" startId="21.[151,250,1732,1756]" targetBox="[151,1435,849,1709]" targetPageId="21" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC730FF9104B62FAFF0B2F8D8" blockId="21.[151,1436,1732,1901]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104B62FAFF528F969" bold="true" box="[151,288,1732,1756]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
|
||
Coloration of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC730FF9105992FAEF6BEF969" authorityName="Forskal" authorityYear="1775" box="[440,694,1733,1757]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="21" pageNumber="172" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="graeca" subSpecies="terrestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9105992FAEF6BEF969" box="[440,694,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">Testudo graeca terrestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9106ED2FAFF6D6F969" bold="true" box="[716,734,1732,1756]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">A</emphasis>
|
||
) Al-Hardana, north of Mesopotamia (photo: Mohammed Al-Karraf); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9104812F82F4B9F8B4" bold="true" box="[160,177,1769,1793]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">B</emphasis>
|
||
) Maqta’ Hajar, northeast Aleppo (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF91072B2F83F714F8B5" bold="true" box="[778,796,1768,1792]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">C</emphasis>
|
||
) Majdalun Al-Bustan, coastal region (photo: Ali Ali); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9101782F82F163F8B4" bold="true" box="[1369,1387,1769,1793]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">D</emphasis>
|
||
) AlBassah, coastal region (photo: Ali Alloush); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9106432E66F67BF890" bold="true" box="[610,627,1805,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">E</emphasis>
|
||
) Sadd Al-Kafat, southeast Hamah (photo: Ehab Jbr); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9100BC2E66F0A4F890" bold="true" box="[1181,1196,1805,1829]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">F</emphasis>
|
||
) as-Sabbourah, west of Damascus (photo: Wa’el Almatni); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9106242E5BF611F8FD" bold="true" box="[517,537,1840,1864]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">G</emphasis>
|
||
) Masil Al-Fawwar, southwestern Syria (photo: Hans Esterbauer); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF91009E2E5AF0DBF8FC" bold="true" box="[1215,1235,1841,1865]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">H</emphasis>
|
||
) hatchling, Shahba, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC730FF9106042E3EF627F8D8" bold="true" box="[549,559,1877,1901]" pageId="21" pageNumber="172">I</emphasis>
|
||
) hatchling, Tell Sheihan, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Wa’el Almatni).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF6F14B4C733FF9204B62C07F64DFA1D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13746792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746792/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" startId="22.[151,250,1388,1412]" targetBox="[161,1429,191,1357]" targetPageId="22" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC733FF9204B62C07F64DFA1D" blockId="22.[151,1436,1388,1448]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC733FF9204B62C07F529FA31" bold="true" box="[151,289,1388,1412]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
|
||
Records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC733FF9205832C07F6AAFA31" authorityName="Forskal" authorityYear="1775" box="[418,674,1388,1412]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="graeca" subSpecies="terrestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC733FF9205832C07F6AAFA31" box="[418,674,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Testudo graeca terrestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Syria. Black circles: previous records, blue circles: recently confirmed previous records, red circles: new records.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC733FF9204E62C91F572F880" blockId="22.[151,1437,1530,2025]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC733FF9204E62C91F5B8F9A1" bold="true" box="[199,432,1530,1556]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Museum specimens</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC733FF9205E12C91F5F3F9A1" box="[448,507,1530,1556]" name="Syria" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF92062A2C91F656F9A1" box="[523,606,1530,1556]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
19715, 1846936,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF92070D2C90F78AF9A0" box="[812,898,1531,1557]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
1883.640,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9200202C91F031F9A1" box="[1025,1081,1530,1556]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
55201, 7821, 47365,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9201132C90F194F9A0" box="[1330,1436,1531,1557]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
1976.437, 1976.441), northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC733FF92062D2F75F64FF98D" box="[524,583,1566,1592]" name="Syria" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF92067C2F75F6AEF98D" box="[605,678,1566,1592]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
34350:1),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC733FF92070F2F75F788F98D" box="[814,896,1566,1592]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9207B62F75F7E6F98D" box="[919,1006,1566,1592]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
1988.6790, 1988.6965,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9201372F75F146F98D" box="[1302,1358,1566,1592]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
7830,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9204B62F28F4D6F9E8" box="[151,222,1603,1629]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
1908:1, 18672:1–2, 18673:1–2, 30094:1–2, 18674:1–2), Naseeb (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9207CB2F29F03BF9E9" box="[1002,1075,1602,1628]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
18520:1),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC733FF9200992F28F123F9E8" box="[1208,1323,1603,1629]" country="Syria" name="Dimashq" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Damascus</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9201612F29F191F9E9" box="[1344,1433,1602,1628]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
. RENA.14045), near
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC733FF9205A02F0CF5FCF934" box="[385,500,1639,1665]" country="Syria" name="Dimashq" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Damascus</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9206252F0DF64FF935" box="[516,583,1638,1664]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">INHS</collectionCode>
|
||
10289),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C733FF92068C2F0DF6FEF935" box="[685,758,1638,1664]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
E
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC733FF9207362F0DF793F934" box="[791,923,1638,1665]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF92078A2F0DF7F3F935" box="[939,1019,1638,1664]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
86656–86659),
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C733FF9200942F0DF0E7F935" box="[1205,1263,1638,1664]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
N Atil (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF92016C2F0DF195F935" box="[1357,1437,1638,1664]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
64939), ruins of Apamea (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9205E82FE1F611F911" box="[457,537,1674,1700]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
30537),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC733FF9206A22FE0F6CEF910" box="[643,710,1675,1701]" country="Syria" name="Hims" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Homs</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9206F92FE1F74CF911" box="[728,836,1674,1700]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
1909.4.20.1, 1970.1860),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC733FF9200552FE1F0E4F911" box="[1140,1260,1674,1700]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9200DF2FE1F136F911" box="[1278,1342,1674,1700]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4j3t-w40g" name="Museum of Zoology Senckenberg Dresden" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">MTD</collectionCode>
|
||
32111), Jabal Al-Arab (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9205652FC5F58CF97D" box="[324,388,1710,1736]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4j3t-w40g" name="Museum of Zoology Senckenberg Dresden" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">MTD</collectionCode>
|
||
47365), Camp Fanar, Golan (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9206F62FC5F728F97D" box="[727,800,1710,1736]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
30859:1), Golan (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9207D12FC5F031F97D" box="[1008,1081,1710,1736]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
26789:1–3, 26810:1, 33203:1– 21, 33204:1, 34347:1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9205BB2FB8F5C5F958" box="[410,461,1747,1773]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">HUJ</collectionCode>
|
||
120719, 120732, 120736–20739, 120762), Wadi Daraa (= Wadidra;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9200C12FB8F12FF958" box="[1248,1319,1747,1773]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
34348:1), Mt. Hermon (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9205112F9DF571F8A5" box="[304,377,1782,1808]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
34349:1), Slenfeh (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9206792F9DF6BBF8A5" box="[600,691,1782,1808]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">JUSTM</collectionCode>
|
||
0202), Tahonat Al-Halawa (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9207D32F9DF045F8A5" box="[1010,1101,1782,1808]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">JUSTM</collectionCode>
|
||
201), E Al-Rashiedeh (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED01DCF9C733FF9201752F9DF194F8A5" box="[1364,1436,1782,1808]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">NMP-P</collectionCode>
|
||
6V 34915, 70504).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC733FF9304E62E55F76EFF60" blockId="22.[151,1437,1530,2025]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC733FF9204E62E55F5D7F8ED" bold="true" box="[199,479,1854,1880]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Citizen science records</emphasis>
|
||
: Ad-Difleh, Ain Aaisheh, Ain at-Teineh, Ain ej-Jajeh, Al-Breikhiyeh, Al-Jbeiliyeh, Al-Khaldiyeh, Al-Kneisat, Al-Maliyeh, Al-Marqab, Al-Mzeiraa, Al-Qallouf, Al-Sqeilbiyeh, ash-Shabtaliyah, ash-Shamiyeh, ash-Sheikh Badr, as-Sarsakiyah, as-Sarsakiyah, as-Sukkariyeh, at-Tabrah, at-Teiha, Balluran, Baq’u, Bashbatah,Al-Hasriyeh, Beit Al-Jabal, Beit Nafleh, Beit Shouhr, Burj Islam, Burmanah, Fadrah, Ghmam, Habbabah, Haffah, Hammam Al-Qarahleh, Jneinat Raslan, Jubb Al-Amlas, Jubb Ramlah, Kafr Sneif, Kafriyeh ash-Sharqiyeh, Kersana, Kherbat Abu Hamdan, Kherbat aj-Jouziyeh, Kherbat Al-Fars, Nab’Al-Ghaqah, Nab’ Al-Sakher, Palmyra, Safita, Salma, Sarai, Squbeen, Um et-Toyour (iNaturalist 2023).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E629B4F736FE18" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9304E629B4F577FF4C" bold="true" box="[199,383,223,249]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Recent records</emphasis>
|
||
: Abu Qubays,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C732FF93061729B4F67CFF4C" box="[566,628,223,249]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
N Urman, Ain Al-Feijeh, aj-Jumrkiyeh, Al-Amriyeh, Al-Badrosiyah, Al-Bahlouliyah, Al-B’ath, Al-Bassah, Al-Dali, Al-Furunlok, Al-Haffah, Al-Hardana, Al-Jabboul, Al-Kadmous, Al-Mazra’a, Al-Mismiyeh, Al-Qerdaha, Al-T’amri, Al-Wadi’a, Azaz, Banias, Bennesh, Binjaru, Drekeish,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF930173284CF190FEF4" box="[1362,1432,295,321]" country="Syria" name="Hims" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Homs</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Jaiboul, Jabla, Jaddu’h—Salamiyah, Jariz, Kherbat Al-Hamam, Kherbat Hazzour,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF9300682820F0A8FED0" box="[1097,1184,331,357]" country="Syria" name="Al Ladhiqiyah" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Latakia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Majdalun Al-Bustan, Maqta’ Hajar, Muhasan, Qiroun, Safita, Sahnaya, Salamiyah, Salhab, Sadd Al-Kafat, Shahba, Souran, Sweida, Tell Sheihan, Tnakha, Tseil,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF93058528F8F5F3FE18" box="[420,507,403,429]" country="Syria" name="Tartus" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Tartous</collectingRegion>
|
||
, W of Ya’four, Wadi Barada.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C732FF9304E628DDF7F3FB70" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E628DDF733FD88" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9304E628DDF5B7FE65" bold="true" box="[199,447,438,464]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
Distribution in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF93055E28DDF5B7FE65" box="[383,447,438,464]" name="Syria" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Common. The distribution of
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF93073F28DCF7B4FE65" box="[798,956,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
T. g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC732FF93077728DCF7B4FE65" box="[854,956,439,464]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="terrestris">terrestris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
extends from east of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF93008C28DCF0F7FE64" box="[1197,1279,439,465]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
westwards. It occurs throughout the coastal region, extending east beyond the Orontes Basin, then south into the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF9300CD28B0F157FE40" box="[1260,1375,475,501]" country="Syria" name="Dimashq" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Damascus</collectingRegion>
|
||
area, the Lebanon Mountains, the southwestern region of Jabal Al-Arab, and the Golan and Mount Hermon, with few records from the northeast near the Turkish border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C732FF9306FB2B48F726FD88" box="[730,814,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1388,1412]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,191,1357]" captionTargetId="figure-21@22.[151,1436,181,1364]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 21. Records of Testudo graeca terrestris in Syria. Black circles: previous records, blue circles: recently confirmed previous records, red circles: new records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746792" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746792/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E62B2CF644FC10" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9304E62B2CF557FDD4" author="Lortet, L." box="[199,351,583,609]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="99 - 194" refId="ref16560" refString="Lortet, L. (1883) Poissons et reptiles du Lac de Tiberiade et de quelques autres parties de la Syrie. Archives du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Lyon, 3, 99 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / mhnly. 1883.941" type="journal article" year="1883">Lortet (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mentioned that tortoises were common in the region of Palmyra (also mentioned in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9301042B2CF4DBFD30" author="Fritz, U. & Bischoff, W. & Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F." pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref14783" refString="Fritz, U., Bischoff, W., Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1996) Variabilitat syrischer Landschildkroten (Testudo graeca) sowie zur Systematik und Zoogeographie im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika. Herpetofauna, 18 (104), 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9301422B2CF19DFDD4" box="[1379,1429,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This was the only record for this region for a long time, despite field surveys conducted by many researchers. Also, the senior author of this study did not record any tortoises during dozens of field trips to Palmyra and the Al-Badia between 2006 and 2013. However, it must be remembered that Lortet reported tortoises for this area 150 years ago, and the habitat has certainly changed since then. Thus, it cannot be excluded that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C103FBFC732FF93006C2BBCF0BDFD45" box="[1101,1205,727,752]" class="Testudines" family="Testudinidae" genus="Testudo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cryptodira" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graeca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF93006C2BBCF0BDFD45" box="[1101,1205,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">T. graeca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
once occurred there, but has become extremely rare or disappeared since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9306CC2B90F79FFCA0" author="Lortet, L." box="[749,919,763,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="99 - 194" refId="ref16560" refString="Lortet, L. (1883) Poissons et reptiles du Lac de Tiberiade et de quelques autres parties de la Syrie. Archives du Museum d'histoire naturelle de Lyon, 3, 99 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / mhnly. 1883.941" type="journal article" year="1883">Lortet’s (1883)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
observations. Indeed, there is a photographic record of a tortoise from the Al-Badia taken between 1996 and 1999 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9307BA2A74F07FFC8C" author="Sindaco, R. & Serra, G. & Menegon, M." box="[923,1143,799,825]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="29 - 38" refId="ref19307" refString="Sindaco, R., Serra, G. & Menegon, M. (2006) New data on the Syrian herpetofauna, with a newly recorded species of snake. Zoology in the Middle East, 37, 29 - 38. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 09397140.2006.10638146" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Sindaco
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9307DC2A74F03DFC8C" box="[1021,1077,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and a photo of a juvenile from Palmyra was published on iNaturalist in 2018. However, the latter photo shows that the colors and texture of the shell are similar to tortoises from the coastal region of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF9307012A0CF756FC34" box="[800,862,871,897]" name="Syria" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, rather than the morphotypes found in arid habitats, suggestive of an introduced individual.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E62AC4F151FB80" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B784E61C732FF9304E62AC4F15DFB80" collectingDate="1991-08" collectingDateMax="2020-06" collectingDateMin="1991-08" collectionCode="MTD" country="Syria" county="In" location="Turkish" municipality="One" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" specimenCode="MTD 32111" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Al Hasakah">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62CE3CB0C732FF9304E62AC4F4D6FC7C" box="[199,222,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">In</collectingCounty>
|
||
northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF9305582AC4F5BFFC7C" box="[377,439,943,969]" name="Syria" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
, tortoises are very rare.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BCBDE46C732FF9306E82AC4F6F0FC7C" box="[713,760,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">One</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
individual was found in
|
||
<date id="FFAE62FCC732FF9300322AC4F0ACFC7C" box="[1043,1188,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" value="1991-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEA9B14C732FF9300322AC4F0ACFC7C" box="[1043,1188,943,969]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" value="1991-08">August 1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
near
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF9300C22AC4F153FC7C" box="[1251,1371,943,969]" country="Syria" name="Al Hasakah" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Al-Hasaka</collectingRegion>
|
||
close to the
|
||
<location id="8ECF12E7C732FF9304FD2AB8F53AFC58" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9F52AC731FF9304B62F9CF61AF998:8ECF12E7C732FF9304FD2AB8F53AFC58" box="[220,306,979,1005]" country="Syria" county="In" municipality="One" name="Turkish" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" stateProvince="Al Hasakah">Turkish</location>
|
||
border (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB6EC47C732FF9305B02AB8F616FC58" box="[401,542,979,1005]" collectionCode="MTD" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4j3t-w40g" name="Museum of Zoology Senckenberg Dresden" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">MTD 32111</specimenCode>
|
||
, see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9306A92AB8F736FC58" author="Fritz, U. & Bischoff, W. & Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F." box="[648,830,979,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref14783" refString="Fritz, U., Bischoff, W., Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1996) Variabilitat syrischer Landschildkroten (Testudo graeca) sowie zur Systematik und Zoogeographie im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika. Herpetofauna, 18 (104), 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9306E22AB8F6FCFC58" box="[707,756,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and another specimen was found in
|
||
<date id="FFAE62FCC732FF9300C22AB8F15DFC58" box="[1251,1365,979,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" value="2020-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFEA9B14C732FF9300C22AB8F15DFC58" box="[1251,1365,979,1005]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" value="2020-06">
|
||
June
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C732FF93013C2AB8F15DFC58" box="[1309,1365,979,1005]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1308" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" unit="in" value="2020.0">2020</quantity>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
in
|
||
<location id="8ECF12E7C732FF9301562AB8F4F1FBA4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B9F52AC731FF9304B62F9CF61AF998:8ECF12E7C732FF9301562AB8F4F1FBA4" country="Syria" county="In" municipality="One" name="Al-Hardana" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" stateProvince="Al Hasakah">Al-Hardana</location>
|
||
, also near the Turkish border (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C732FF9306672A9CF6A6FBA4" box="[582,686,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,849,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-266@21.[151,1435,849,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Coloration of Testudo graeca terrestris. (A) Al-Hardana, north of Mesopotamia (photo: Mohammed Al-Karraf); (B) Maqta’ Hajar, northeast Aleppo (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (C) Majdalun Al-Bustan, coastal region (photo: Ali Ali); (D) Al- Bassah, coastal region (photo: Ali Alloush); (E) Sadd Al-Kafat, southeast Hamah (photo: Ehab Jbr); (F) as-Sabbourah, west of Damascus (photo: Wa’el Almatni); (G) Masil Al-Fawwar, southwestern Syria (photo: Hans Esterbauer); (H) hatchling, Shahba, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (I) hatchling, Tell Sheihan, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Wa’el Almatni)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746790/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
|
||
). During dozens of field trips throughout the area between 2006 and 2023, no other tortoises were found, but locals confirmed that they are present but rare (Aidek pers. observ.)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E62D54F7F3FB70" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
There are also few records from the Euphrates region. In 1999, four tortoises were obtained from
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C732FF9301272D54F144FBEC" box="[1286,1356,1087,1113]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
east of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF9304B62D08F514FBC8" box="[151,284,1123,1149]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
|
||
(ZFMK 86656–86659). These specimens are probably escaped or captive tortoises. This is suggested by the “locality names” of the ZFMK specimens, as these are names of people, not of sites. Two tortoises were also seen on agricultural land in Muhasan,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE8E9D9C732FF9306652DC0F683FB70" box="[580,651,1195,1221]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
east of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF9306C32DC0F76FFB70" box="[738,871,1195,1221]" country="Syria" name="Dayr az Zawr" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Deir ez-Zor</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in fall 2021.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30A17B7C732FF9304E62DA4F61AF998" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E62DA4F4E1FA74" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9304E62DA4F53CFB5C" bold="true" box="[199,308,1231,1257]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: Syrian tortoises are characterized by a great variety of coloration. The primary color of the shell varies from yellowish beige with various shades of light and dark brown, orange and gray to very dark
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ABFA9EC732FF9301092D98F16BFAB8" box="[1320,1379,1267,1293]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">types</typeStatus>
|
||
with a primary black shell coloration. Tortoises from the humid coastal region are generally characterized by a shiny shell and lighter colors compared to tortoises from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF9307242C50F76FFAE0" box="[773,871,1339,1365]" name="Lebanon" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
Mountains and the semi-arid area east of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49D48ADEC732FF9301622C50F191FAE0" box="[1347,1433,1339,1365]" country="Syria" name="Halab" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Aleppo</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Tortoises from the black basalt regions (Jabal Al-Arab) are generally black or dark gray and dull in color (
|
||
<figureCitation id="132B58B9C732FF93014E2C34F4BEFA28" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1732,1756]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,849,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-266@21.[151,1435,849,1709]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 20. Coloration of Testudo graeca terrestris. (A) Al-Hardana, north of Mesopotamia (photo: Mohammed Al-Karraf); (B) Maqta’ Hajar, northeast Aleppo (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (C) Majdalun Al-Bustan, coastal region (photo: Ali Ali); (D) Al- Bassah, coastal region (photo: Ali Alloush); (E) Sadd Al-Kafat, southeast Hamah (photo: Ehab Jbr); (F) as-Sabbourah, west of Damascus (photo: Wa’el Almatni); (G) Masil Al-Fawwar, southwestern Syria (photo: Hans Esterbauer); (H) hatchling, Shahba, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Ahmad Aidek); (I) hatchling, Tell Sheihan, Jabal Al-Arab (photo: Wa’el Almatni)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13746790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13746790/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
; see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9305052CE8F5D4FA28" author="Fritz, U. & Bischoff, W. & Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F." box="[292,476,1411,1437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="5 - 14" refId="ref14783" refString="Fritz, U., Bischoff, W., Martens, H. & Schmidtler, J. F. (1996) Variabilitat syrischer Landschildkroten (Testudo graeca) sowie zur Systematik und Zoogeographie im Nahen Osten und in Nordafrika. Herpetofauna, 18 (104), 5 - 14." type="journal article" year="1996">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9305402CE8F592FA28" box="[353,410,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1996
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9305C92CE8F62DFA28" author="Fritz, U. & Hundsdorfer, A. K. & Siroky, P. & Auer, M. & Kami, H. & Lehmann, J. & Mazanaeva, L. F. & Turkozan, O. & Wink, M." box="[488,549,1411,1437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="97 - 121" refId="ref14837" refString="Fritz, U., Hundsdorfer, A. K., Siroky, P., Auer, M., Kami, H., Lehmann, J., Mazanaeva, L. F., Turkozan, O. & Wink, M. (2007) Phenotypic plasticity leads to incongruence between morphology-based taxonomy and genetic differentiation in western Palaearctic tortoises (Testudo graeca complex; Testudines, Testudinidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 28, 97 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853807779799135" type="journal article" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Variation beyond
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF9307202CE8F734FA28" box="[769,828,1411,1437]" name="Syria" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
is discussed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9307D12CE8F0B0FA28" author="Fritz, U. & Hundsdorfer, A. K. & Siroky, P. & Auer, M. & Kami, H. & Lehmann, J. & Mazanaeva, L. F. & Turkozan, O. & Wink, M." box="[1008,1208,1411,1437]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174" pagination="97 - 121" refId="ref14837" refString="Fritz, U., Hundsdorfer, A. K., Siroky, P., Auer, M., Kami, H., Lehmann, J., Mazanaeva, L. F., Turkozan, O. & Wink, M. (2007) Phenotypic plasticity leads to incongruence between morphology-based taxonomy and genetic differentiation in western Palaearctic tortoises (Testudo graeca complex; Testudines, Testudinidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 28, 97 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 156853807779799135" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fritz
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF93000C2CE8F06EFA28" box="[1069,1126,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8139CDC732FF9300D12CE8F4EDFA74" author="Turkozan, O. & Javanbakht, H. & Mazanaeva, L. & Meiri, S. & Kornilev, Y. V. & Tzoras, E. & Popgeorgiev, G. & Shanas, U. & Escoriza, D." pageId="23" pageNumber="174" refId="ref20465" refString="Turkozan, O., Javanbakht, H., Mazanaeva, L., Meiri, S., Kornilev, Y. V., Tzoras, E., Popgeorgiev, G., Shanas, U. & Escoriza, D. (2023) Testudo graeca Linnaeus 1758 (eastern subspecies clades: Testudo g. armeniaca, Testudo g. buxtoni, Testudo g. ibera, Testudo g. terrestris, Testudo g. zarudnyi) - Armenian tortoise, Zagros tortoise, Anatolian tortoise, Levantine tortoise, Kerman tortoise. In: Rhodin, A. G. J., Iverson, J. B., van Dijk, P. P., Stanford, C. B., Goode, E. V., Buhlmann, K. A. & Mittermeier, R. A. (Eds.), Conservation biology of freshwater turtles and tortoises: A compilation project of the IUCN / SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs, 5, 120.1 - 120.33. https: // doi. org / 10.3854 / crm. 5.120. eastern. graeca. v 1.2023" type="journal volume" year="2023">
|
||
Türkozan
|
||
<emphasis id="B964982EC732FF9301422CE8F195FA28" box="[1379,1437,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2023)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAF443CC732FF9304E62CA0F61AF998" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,1581]" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">
|
||
There are 117 records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF9305DB2CA0F63DFA50" box="[506,565,1483,1509]" name="Syria" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
on GBIF. However, of these supposedly Syrian records, 10 are not from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30704ACC732FF93017B2CA0F191FA50" box="[1370,1433,1483,1509]" name="Syria" pageId="23" pageNumber="174">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Another 76 records are on iNaturalist (2023). Many of these have incorrect coordinates and are in the sea, some are duplicates and refer to other sites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |