281 lines
28 KiB
XML
281 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.73.47287" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e69a7827-2a2d-4199-af4c-8096e15556d9" ID-PMC="PMC7501315" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-73-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ADB812DA92205A9DA65EA6FA44125801" ID-PubMed="32994702" ModsDocID="1314-4049-73-1" checkinTime="1599895520989" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Spjut, Richard, Simon, Antoine, Guissard, Martin, Magain, Nicolas & Serusiaux, Emmanuel" docDate="2020" docId="0268505B07C05CC7B2315D18E3027EAA" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 73: 1-68" docOrigin="MycoKeys 73" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.73.47287" docTitle="Vermilacinia lacunosa Spjut & Simon & Guissard & Magain & Sérusiaux 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="ADB812DA92205A9DA65EA6FA44125801" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="ADB812DA92205A9DA65EA6FA44125801" masterDocTitle="The fruticose genera in the Ramalinaceae (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes): their diversity and evolutionary history" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668136545670" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The fruticose genera in the Ramalinaceae (Ascomycota, Lecanoromycetes): their diversity and evolutionary history</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Spjut, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>World Botanical Associates, PO Box 81145, Bakersfield, California 93380, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Simon, Antoine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Evolution and Conservation Biology Unit, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallee 1, chemin de la vallee 4, B- 4000 Liege, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Guissard, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Evolution and Conservation Biology Unit, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallee 1, chemin de la vallee 4, B- 4000 Liege, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Magain, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Evolution and Conservation Biology Unit, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallee 1, chemin de la vallee 4, B- 4000 Liege, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Serusiaux, Emmanuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Evolution and Conservation Biology Unit, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallee 1, chemin de la vallee 4, B- 4000 Liege, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0456-0131</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">e.serusiaux@uliege.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>73</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>68</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.73.47287</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.73.47287</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-73-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ADB812DA92205A9DA65EA6FA44125801</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="167606537" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0268505B07C05CC7B2315D18E3027EAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0268505B07C05CC7B2315D18E3027EAA" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0268505B-07C0-5CC7-B231-5D18E3027EAA" authority="Spjut & Se ́ rus." authorityName="Spjut & Simon & Guissard & Magain & Sérusiaux" authorityYear="2020" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia lacunosa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lacunosa" status="sp. nov.">Vermilacinia lacunosa Spjut & Sérus.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. New species of saxicolous Vermilacinia A, B V. breviloba (holotype) C, D V. lacunosa (holotype) E, F V. pustulata (holotype) G, H V. reticulata (holotype). Scale: 1 mm (A, C). Photographs by R. Spjut." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.73.47287.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/451997" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 13C, D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. reptilioderma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="reptilioderma">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. reptilioderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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morphologically by the cylindrical-prismatic branches and chemically by the triterpenes T1 and T2, but differing in chemistry by the additional lichen substance, methyl 3,5-dichlorolecanorate (tumidulin).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mexico - Baja California Sur, Vizcaíno Peninsula, 2.5 km SE of Punta Eugenia, rock outcrops along coastal hills trending west-east separated by wide arroyo, just east of the coastal community of La Lobera;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="49.701" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="27.82835">27°49.701'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="115" direction="west" minutes="03.454" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-115.05756">115°03.454'W</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 35-40 m; 29.01.2016, R. Spjut & E. Sérusiaux 17174 leg.; on calcareous rocks of north facing slope; (LG! - holotype; BCMEX!; US!; hb. Spjut at World Botanical Associates! - isotypes) [TLC: Triterpenes 1 & 2, zeorin, [-]-16α-hydroxykaurane, usnic acid, methyl 3,5-dichlorolecanorate (= tumidulin), two unknown triterpenes; DNA: MN811420 (ITS), MN757203 (RPB1), MN757370 (RPB2), MN757488 (GDP)]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Thallus divided into many subcylindrical branches from a basal reddish-brown to blackish holdfast, to 2.5 cm high and broad. Primary branches ascending to erect,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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ellipsoid-arcuate in x- section, simple or once dichotomously divided near mid region, terminating in aggregate of up to 8, commonly 5, apothecia or with single apothecium, or apothecia not fully developed on most branches, occasional branches without apothecia tapering to obtusely rounded apex; surface of branches commonly lacunose, deeply recessed within reticulate or circular cortical ridges when dry. Cortex pale yellow green, 50-125
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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thick, each of two layers equal in thickness, outer melanized, inner pale. Medulla hyphae flexuous when wet, intertwining in a net arrangement,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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periclinal, frequently uniting into short knots; photobiont in small yellow green clusters irregularly discontinuous around perimeter. Apothecia subsessile, differentiated from branch by constriction or very short stalk-like lobe, bowl-shaped, to 2 mm diam. Alternatively, wider with shallower disc in age, thalline margin not differentiated by thicker cortex, incurved, entire or crenulate with age, disc pale yellow green or yellowish with age, concave; asci 8-spored; spores not observed outside asci. Pycnidia black, common on upper branches and on apothecia, mostly along cortical ridges, immersed except for ostiole flush with surface, conidia straight, short, needle-like.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chemistry">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chemistry.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Triterpenes 1 & 2, zeorin, [-]-16α-hydroxykaurane, usnic acid, methyl 3,5-dichlorolecanorate (tumidulin), unknown triterpenes just below and above T1 and T2, respectively (TLC solvent G).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mexico, Baja California Sur, Vizcaíno Peninsula. Known only from a single collection on calcareous rocks on the north slope facing towards a wide arroyo just inland from the sea on the far western Vizcaíno Peninsula, occurring with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Spjut" authorityYear="1996" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia paleoderma" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="paleoderma">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia paleoderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and vascular plants
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fouquieriaceae" genus="Fouquieria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fouquieria diguetii" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="diguetii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fouquieria diguetii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Pachycormus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachycormus discolor" order="Sapindales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="discolor">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pachycormus discolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Greene" authorityYear="1889" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Eriogonum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eriogonum pondii" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pondii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eriogonum pondii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gossypium" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gossypium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. This region lies within the El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve, the largest reserve in Mexico. Additional details on the vegetation of the Vizcaíno Peninsula can be found in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2005)050[0129:PAOEVB]2.0.CO;2" author="Peinado, M" journalOrPublisher="Herzogia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B117" refString="Peinado, M, Delgadillo, J, Aguirre, JL, 2005. Plant associations of El Vizcaino biosphere reserve, Baja California Sur, Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist 50(2): 129-150. https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2005)050[0129:PAOEVB]2.0.CO;2" title="Plant associations of El Vizcaino biosphere reserve, Baja California Sur, Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist 50 (2): 129 - 150." url="https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909(2005)050[0129:PAOEVB]2.0.CO;2" year="2005">Peinado et al. (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Epithet
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Gossypium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="lacunosa" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">lacunosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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refers to the cortical depressions or
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘holes’">'holes'</normalizedToken>
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in the branch.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia lacunosa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia lacunosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a distinct saxicolous species for containing the rare lichen metabolite methyl 3,5-dichlorolecanorate (tumidulin), identified by its high Rf on TLC plates in two specimens, previously known only from South American epiphytic species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="R.W.Spjut & M.E.Hale" authorityYear="1995" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Spjut, RW" journalOrPublisher="Sida, Botanical Miscellany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B151" refString="Spjut, RW, 1996. Niebla and Vermilacinia (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California. Sida, Botanical Miscellany 14: 1 - 208" title="Niebla and Vermilacinia (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California." volume="14" year="1996">Spjut 1996</bibRefCitation>
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), such as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. flaccescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flaccescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. flaccescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Nyl.) Spjut and Hale.
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<bibRefCitation author="Sipman, HJM" journalOrPublisher="Bibliotheca Lichenologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="297 - 308" refId="B145" refString="Sipman, HJM, 2011. New and notable species of Enterographa, Niebla and Sclerophyton s. lat. from coastal Chile. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 106: 297 - 308" title="New and notable species of Enterographa, Niebla and Sclerophyton s. lat. from coastal Chile." volume="106" year="2011">Sipman (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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subsequently reported finding what he interpreted to be tumidulin in a new sorediate species he named
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<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Niebla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Niebla granulans" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="granulans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niebla granulans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, here regarded as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="R.W.Spjut & M.E.Hale" authorityYear="1995" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. granulans" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="granulans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. granulans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Sipman) Spjut and Sérusiaux (comb. nov.); bas.
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<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Niebla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Niebla granulans" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="granulans">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niebla granulans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Sipman, Bibliotheca Lichenologica 106: 300, 2011] found on twigs at Zapallar in the Valparaíso region of Chile. He distinguished it by apical punctiform soralia in contrast to lateral disciform soralia of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. cephalota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cephalota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. cephalota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; he further differentiated it from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. cephalota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cephalota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. cephalota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the intricately branched habit; however, Spjut has collected much branched
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. cephalota" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cephalota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. cephalota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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near Bahía de Asunción and distinguished
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<taxonomicName lsidName="V. leonis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="leonis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">V. leonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the Magadlena Region of Baja California Sur for its larger much branched thalli (
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<bibRefCitation author="Spjut, RW" journalOrPublisher="Sida, Botanical Miscellany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 208" refId="B151" refString="Spjut, RW, 1996. Niebla and Vermilacinia (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California. Sida, Botanical Miscellany 14: 1 - 208" title="Niebla and Vermilacinia (Ramalinaceae) from California and Baja California." volume="14" year="1996">Spjut 1996</bibRefCitation>
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). Additionally,
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<bibRefCitation author="Sipman, HJM" journalOrPublisher="Bibliotheca Lichenologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="297 - 308" refId="B145" refString="Sipman, HJM, 2011. New and notable species of Enterographa, Niebla and Sclerophyton s. lat. from coastal Chile. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 106: 297 - 308" title="New and notable species of Enterographa, Niebla and Sclerophyton s. lat. from coastal Chile." volume="106" year="2011">Sipman (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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reported four undetermined terpenoid compounds, one of which was likely a diagnostic
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<taxonomicName authorityName="R.W.Spjut & M.E.Hale" authorityYear="1995" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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compound, [-]-16α-hydroxykaurane, based on his observation of "blooming of terpenoid crystals in herbarium specimens." The species was noted to lack chondroid strands, pycnidia and apothecia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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In contrast,
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<bibRefCitation author="Sipman, HJM" journalOrPublisher="Bibliotheca Lichenologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="297 - 308" refId="B145" refString="Sipman, HJM, 2011. New and notable species of Enterographa, Niebla and Sclerophyton s. lat. from coastal Chile. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 106: 297 - 308" title="New and notable species of Enterographa, Niebla and Sclerophyton s. lat. from coastal Chile." volume="106" year="2011">Sipman (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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described
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Niebla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Niebla nashii" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="nashii">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niebla nashii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another Chilean sorediate species from Coquimbo that he compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. Laundon" authorityYear="1984" baseAuthorityName="With." class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Ramalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ramalina lacera" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lacera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ramalina lacera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(With.) J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="R." lsidName="R." pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">R.</taxonomicName>
|
||
Laundon. He distinguished it by possessing isolated medullary chrondroid strands, as well as tumidulin and bourgeanic acid, while he also noted that key [
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="R.W.Spjut & M.E.Hale" authorityYear="1995" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] terpenoids, pycnidia and apothecia were absent. Judging from
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sipman’s">Sipman's</normalizedToken>
|
||
image of the type specimen, it lacks the characteristic cortical ridging of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="P.W.Rundel & P.A.Bowler" authorityYear="1978" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Niebla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Niebla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niebla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Further,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2010.04.002" author="Serusiaux, E" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="528 - 537" refId="B140" refString="Serusiaux, E, van den Boom, PPG, Ertz, D, 2010. A two-gene phylogeny shows the lichen genus Niebla (Lecanorales) is endemic to the New World and does not occur in Macaronesia nor in the Mediterranean basin. Fungal Biology 114: 528 - 537, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2010.04.002" title="A two-gene phylogeny shows the lichen genus Niebla (Lecanorales) is endemic to the New World and does not occur in Macaronesia nor in the Mediterranean basin." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2010.04.002" volume="114" year="2010">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sérusiaux">Serusiaux</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
found bourgeanic acid associated with depsides in Mediterranean species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Ramalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ramalina" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ramalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- that had been treated in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="P.W.Rundel & P.A.Bowler" authorityYear="1978" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Niebla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Niebla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niebla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rundel, PW" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="497 - 499" refId="B132" refString="Rundel, PW, Bowler, PA, 1978. Niebla, a new generic name for the lichen genus Desmazieria (Ramalinaceae). Mycotaxon 6: 497 - 499" title="Niebla, a new generic name for the lichen genus Desmazieria (Ramalinaceae)." volume="6" year="1978">Rundel and Bowler (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bowler, PA" editor="Nash, III TH" journalOrPublisher="Lichens Unlimited, vol. 2. Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="368 - 380" refId="B17" refString="Bowler, PA, Marsh, JE, 2004. Niebla. In: Nash, III TH, Ryan, B, Diederich, P, Gries, C, Bungartz, F, Eds., , Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Lichens Unlimited, vol. 2. Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona: 368 - 380" title="Niebla." volumeTitle=", Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region." year="2004">Bowler and Marsh (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
- to be nested within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Ramalina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Ramalina" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ramalina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other collections identified
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="P.W.Rundel & P.A.Bowler" authorityYear="1978" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Niebla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Niebla" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Niebla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. from Patagonia in Chile (National Park of Torres Del Paine) - that were reported to contain tumidulin - "exhibited significant inhibitory activity on spheroid formation in CRC cells and decreased the expression of CSC markers in CRC cells" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112968" author="Yang, Y" journalOrPublisher="Molecules" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination=": 2968" refId="B163" refString="Yang, Y, Bhosle, S, Yu, Y, Park, SY, Zhou, R, Tas, I, CDB, Gamage, Kim, KK, Pereira, I, Hur, J-S, Ha, H-H, Kim, H, 2018. Tumidulin, a Lichen Secondary Metabolite, Decreases the Stemness Potential of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Molecules 23 (11): 2968, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112968" title="Tumidulin, a Lichen Secondary Metabolite, Decreases the Stemness Potential of Colorectal Cancer Cells." url="https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112968" volume="23" year="2018">Yang et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). DNA extracts are needed to assess the phylogenetic relationships of the Chile specimens reported to contain tumidulin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation Status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Ramalinaceae" genus="Vermilacinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Vermilacinia lacunosa" order="Lecanorales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="lacunosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vermilacinia lacunosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 2.5 km southeast of the fishing community of Punta Eugenia, is vulnerable to off-road travel. Spjut observed the Punta Eugenia community to have expanded considerably since his first visit there in 1986. Although the type locality lies within the El Vizcaíno Biosphere Reserve, this reserve is referred to as a wildlife refuge. However, to the northeast is the protected area of flora and fauna at Valle de los Cirios in the southern portion of Baja California. "The El Vizcaíno overlaps with smaller protected areas on land and in the waters, including the protected grey whale (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lilljeborg" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Eschrichtiidae" genus="Eschrichtius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eschrichtius robustus" order="Cetacea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eschrichtius robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) sanctuaries at Ojo de Liebre (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Scammon’s">Scammon's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Lagoon), Guerrero Negro, and San Ignacio. Protection is provided by international organizations including UNESCO, Ramsar and Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network (WHSRN). The area is not only important to plant and animal life, but more than 300 ancient rock painting sites have been discovered throughout the reserve" (CONANP-20: http://www.parkswatch.org/parkprofile.php?l=eng&country=mex&park=vibr&page=inf&p=mex; accessed 09.06.2019).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |