223 lines
18 KiB
XML
223 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206" ID-GBIF-Dataset="82b32106-bef0-417d-81d4-f47f22c33fa9" ID-PMC="PMC5672565" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-686-15" ID-PubMed="29200915" ID-ZBK="976E23A1CFC74CB381705B59452825A6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-686-15" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 686" ModsDocTitle="Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" checkinTime="1502744466696" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sousa, Pedro, Arnedo, Miquel A. & Harris, D. James" docDate="2017" docId="023E184861DC9625FFD0EFBF25D40CE1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 686: 15-84" docOrigin="ZooKeys 686" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206" docTitle="Buthus ibericus Lourenco & Vachon 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FF8DFFA394365835FF81FFFFFF80FF91" masterDocTitle="Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="15" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1668164638468" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sousa, Pedro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Arnedo, Miquel A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Harris, D. James</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>686</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>15</mods:start>
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<mods:end>84</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-686-15</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">976E23A1CFC74CB381705B59452825A6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">976E23A1CFC74CB381705B59452825A6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132648885" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:023E184861DC9625FFD0EFBF25D40CE1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/023E184861DC9625FFD0EFBF25D40CE1" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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24.
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/rs/item/rs8605" authority="Lourenco & Vachon, 2004, nomen protectum" class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus ibericus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">
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Buthus ibericus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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& Vachon, 2004, nomen protectum
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="30" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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=
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus halius" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halius">Buthus halius</taxonomicName>
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(C. L. Koch, 1839) (nomen oblitum) (comb. n., syn. n.). Holotype lost according to
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<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Fet and Lowe (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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, Portugal.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus ibericus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ibericus">Buthus ibericus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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& Vachon, 2004: 88-91, fig. 31-42,
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<bibRefCitation author="Fernandez, J" journalOrPublisher="Graellsia" pageId="25" pageNumber="40" pagination="217 - 243" title="Noticia de nuevos taxones para la ciencia en el ambito Ibero-Balear y Macaronesico. Nuevos taxones animales descritos en la peninsula Iberica y Macaronesia desde 1994 (VIII)." volume="60" year="2004">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fernández">Fernandez</normalizedToken>
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2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 222;
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<bibRefCitation author="Teruel, R" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" pagination="273 - 275" title="Complementos a la descripcion de Buthusibericus Lourenco and Vachon 2004 (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." volume="37" year="2005">
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Teruel and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez-Bote">Perez-Bote</normalizedToken>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 273-276, fig. 1;
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<bibRefCitation author="Armas, LF de" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" pagination="553 - 555" title="Primer registro de Buthusibericus Lourenco and Vachon, 2004 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) para la provincia de Huelva, Espana" volume="45" year="2009">
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Armas and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González-Moliné">Gonzalez-Moline</normalizedToken>
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2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 553-554;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fet, V" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Bulgarica" pageId="26" pageNumber="41" pagination="3 - 12" title="Scorpions of Europe." volume="62" year="2010">Fet 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 4;
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<bibRefCitation author="Sousa, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="206 - 211" title="Genetic diversity within scorpions of the genus Buthus from the Iberian Peninsula: mitochondrial DNA sequence data indicate additional distinct cryptic lineages." url="https://doi.org/10.1636/H08-98.1" volume="38" year="2010">Sousa et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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: 207;
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<bibRefCitation author="Rossi, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="273 - 279" title="Notes on the distribution of the species of the genus Buthus (Leach, 1815) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in Europe, with a description of a new species from Spain." volume="15" year="2012">Rossi 2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 274-275, 277-278;
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<bibRefCitation author="Pedroso, D" journalOrPublisher="African Invertebrates" pageId="33" pageNumber="48" pagination="298 - 308" title="Phylogeography of Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones: Buthidae): a multigene molecular approach reveals a further complex evolutionary history in the Maghreb." url="https://doi.org/10.3377/004.048.0216" volume="48" year="2013">Pedroso et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
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: 300;
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<bibRefCitation author="Teruel, R" journalOrPublisher="Revista IDE @ - SEA" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 17" title="Orden Scorpiones." volume="18" year="2015">Teruel and Melic 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: 6-9.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Androctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Androctonus halius" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halius">Androctonus halius</taxonomicName>
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C. L.
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, CL" journalOrPublisher="Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nuernberg" pageId="29" pageNumber="44" title="Die Arachniden. Getreu nach der Natur abgebildet und beschrieben. 5. C. H." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/110884" year="1839 a">Koch 1839a</bibRefCitation>
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: 69-70, pl.CLXIII, fig. 383;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Gervais 1844a</bibRefCitation>
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: 43; C. L.
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<bibRefCitation author="Koch, CL" journalOrPublisher="Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nuernberg" pageId="29" pageNumber="44" url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/43744" year="1850">Koch 1850</bibRefCitation>
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: 90;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Simon 1879</bibRefCitation>
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: 96.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus occitanus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="occitanus">Buthus occitanus</taxonomicName>
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(MIS):
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<bibRefCitation author="Berejano, I" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="23" pageNumber="38" pagination="59 - 60" title="Determinacion de una presa atipica en la dieta de Buthusoccitanius (Amoreaux, 1789) (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." volume="5" year="2002">
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Berejano and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez-Bote">Perez-Bote</normalizedToken>
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2002
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 59.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="30" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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1 M holotype (MNHN N° RS8605), San
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<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
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del Valle (36.6247°, -5.6646°),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cádiz">Cadiz</normalizedToken>
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, Spain. Paratypes: 2 F (MNHN, N° RS8654), 1 M, 2 F (CRBA, N° CRBA-21826), and 2 F (MNCN N° 20.02/14857), all from the same locality.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">this species seems to have a wide distribution range in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula, although the limits of its distribution remain poorly defined.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. ibericus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="ibericus">B. ibericus</taxonomicName>
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was first described from Spain and subsequently reported for Portugal (e.g.
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<bibRefCitation author="Sousa, P" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Arachnology" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="206 - 211" title="Genetic diversity within scorpions of the genus Buthus from the Iberian Peninsula: mitochondrial DNA sequence data indicate additional distinct cryptic lineages." url="https://doi.org/10.1636/H08-98.1" volume="38" year="2010">Sousa et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Rossi, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="273 - 279" title="Notes on the distribution of the species of the genus Buthus (Leach, 1815) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in Europe, with a description of a new species from Spain." volume="15" year="2012">Rossi 2012</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation pageId="15" pageNumber="30">Simon (1879)</bibRefCitation>
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synonymized
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Androctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Androctonus halius" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halius">Androctonus halius</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. occitanus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="occitanus">B. occitanus</taxonomicName>
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based on its type locality, which was wrongly stated to be Spain (page 98), because Simon considered
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. occitanus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="occitanus">B. occitanus</taxonomicName>
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(as
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. europaeus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="europaeus">B. europaeus</taxonomicName>
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) to be the only good species in Spain.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Koch’s">Koch's</normalizedToken>
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original description is not by itself enough to synonymize both species. However,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Koch’s">Koch's</normalizedToken>
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fig. 383 illustration of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Androctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Androctonus halius" order="Scorpiones" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halius">Androctonus halius</taxonomicName>
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includes a basal lobe in the movable finger (Fig. 13a and B), which is the key diagnostic character for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. ibericus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="ibericus">B. ibericus</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco, WR" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="32" pageNumber="47" pagination="81 - 94" title="Considerations sur le genre Buthus Leach, 1815 en Espagne, et description de deux nouvelles especes (Scorpiones, Buthidae)." volume="9" year="2004">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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and Vachon 2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Rossi, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society" pageId="34" pageNumber="49" pagination="273 - 279" title="Notes on the distribution of the species of the genus Buthus (Leach, 1815) (Scorpiones, Buthidae) in Europe, with a description of a new species from Spain." volume="15" year="2012">Rossi 2012</bibRefCitation>
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), together with its type locality (Portugal), supports this synonymy. Nonetheless, according to the I.C.Z.N. article 23.9, the junior synonym can remain valid to maintain taxonomic stability. To our knowledge the name
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. halius" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="halius">B. halius</taxonomicName>
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has not been used since 1879 (article 23.9.1.1), and more than 25 works have been published in the past 12 years by more than 10 authors using the name
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. ibericus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="ibericus">B. ibericus</taxonomicName>
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(article 23.9.1.2). Not all works are cited here because they are neither taxonomic nor faunistic. As such we propose to maintain as valid the junior synonym
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. ibericus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="ibericus">B. ibericus</taxonomicName>
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(nomen protectum) according to prevailing usage (article 23.9.1), and to consider the senior synonym
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. halius" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="halius">B. halius</taxonomicName>
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a nomen oblitum. Rossi, 2012 (page 278), for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. ibericus" pageId="15" pageNumber="30" rank="species" species="ibericus">B. ibericus</taxonomicName>
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, states erroneously "Sexual dimorphism is not noticeable in the chela manus", which is in contrast to the original descriptions of both Koch (1839) and
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<bibRefCitation author="Lourenco, WR" journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="32" pageNumber="47" pagination="81 - 94" title="Considerations sur le genre Buthus Leach, 1815 en Espagne, et description de deux nouvelles especes (Scorpiones, Buthidae)." volume="9" year="2004">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lourenço">Lourenco</normalizedToken>
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and Vachon (2004)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and to the complementary description in
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<bibRefCitation author="Teruel, R" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa" pageId="35" pageNumber="50" pagination="273 - 275" title="Complementos a la descripcion de Buthusibericus Lourenco and Vachon 2004 (Scorpiones: Buthidae)." volume="37" year="2005">
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Teruel and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pérez-Bote">Perez-Bote</normalizedToken>
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(2005)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. In both works it can be observed that the male manus is more bulbous than the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="female’s">female's</normalizedToken>
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, which results
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<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="31" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
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the males having a smaller length to width ratio. The type locality of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. ibericus" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="ibericus">B. ibericus</taxonomicName>
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was precisely located following the indications of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iñigo">Inigo</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
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, the original collector.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="31">
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Figure 13. Reproduction of C. L.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Koch’s">Koch's</normalizedToken>
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1839
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. halius" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="halius">B. halius</taxonomicName>
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figure 382 (plate CLXIII). Right pedipalp che-lae detail from three
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Buthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buthus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Buthus</taxonomicName>
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species published in the same work: A
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. paris" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="paris">B. paris</taxonomicName>
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(as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Buthidae" genus="Androctonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Androctonus clytoneus" order="Scorpiones" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clytoneus">Androctonus clytoneus</taxonomicName>
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), fig. 384 (same plate) B
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. halius" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="halius">B. halius</taxonomicName>
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with an arrow pinpointing the basal lobe C
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<taxonomicName lsidName="B. paris" pageId="16" pageNumber="31" rank="species" species="paris">B. paris</taxonomicName>
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, fig. 352 (pl. CLI). All images were taken as provided by the pdf copy available in the BHL, which was made available by the Ernst Mayr Library of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |