419 lines
40 KiB
XML
419 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.579.2.8" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7543161" checkinTime="1673942604417" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cornejo, Xavier" docDate="2023" docId="020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.579.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 579 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.579.2.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.5:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Eschweilera podoaquilae Cornejo 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="141" masterDocId="FE37F22B456FFFC38412FFA6B07B6716" masterDocTitle="Eschweilera podoaquilae: A new species of Lecythidaceae from northwestern Ecuador" masterLastPageNumber="142" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1674052912669" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Eschweilera podoaquilae: A new species of Lecythidaceae from northwestern Ecuador</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cornejo, Xavier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbario GUAY, Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Guayaquil, Av. Raúl Gómez Lince s. n. y Av. Juan Tanca Marengo (campus Mapasingue), P. O. Box 09 - 01 - 10634, Guayaquil, Ecuador</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-01-17</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>579</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>142</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.579.2.8</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.579.2.8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7543161</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<subSubSection box="[136,713,1520,1547]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[136,713,1520,1547]" box="[136,713,1520,1547]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<heading box="[136,713,1520,1547]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="Cornejo" authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,526,1520,1547]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podoaquilae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,427,1520,1547]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Eschweilera podoaquilae</emphasis>
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Cornejo
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis box="[537,622,1521,1546]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[537,622,1521,1546]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
(
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<figureCitation box="[637,701,1520,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,234,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[305,1282,530,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-194@1.[305,1282,530,1922]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Eschweilera podoaquilae. A. Detached flower, adaxial view; B. Longitudinal section of androecial hood displaying three coils, lateral view; C. Close-up of tuberculate pedicels and lenticellate-verruculose calyces in flower buds; D. Longitudinal section of upper pedicel, hypanthium and calyx, the thick style emerging straight at center; E. Leaves, adaxial view; F. Suberect, ramiflorous inflorescences (A–F, based on Cornejo et al. 10032, the type). Photos by Xavier Cornejo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7543163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7543163/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[136,1452,1560,1762]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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||
New species of
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||
<taxonomicName box="[289,408,1560,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[289,408,1560,1581]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Eschweilera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, similar to
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<taxonomicName authority="Standl." authorityName="Standl." box="[518,715,1560,1582]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rimbachii">
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<emphasis box="[518,638,1560,1581]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">E. rimbachii</emphasis>
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Standl.
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authority="Cuatrec." authorityName="Cuatrec." box="[724,960,1560,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pachyderma">
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<emphasis box="[724,870,1560,1581]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">E. pachyderma</emphasis>
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Cuatrec.
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName authority="Mori & Cornejo" authorityName="Mori & Cornejo" box="[1010,1290,1560,1582]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="awaensis">
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<emphasis box="[1010,1124,1560,1581]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">E. awaensis</emphasis>
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Mori & Cornejo
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</taxonomicName>
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, but differs from all those species by the irregularly and transversely sulcate and tuberculate thick pedicels, the tuberculate hypanthium, and the densely verruculose sepals.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[136,1452,1560,1762]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,194,1668,1689]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Type:</emphasis>
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||
—
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2022-03-20" collectionCode="GUAY" collectorName="Cornejo & J. L. Clark & C. Restrepo" country="Ecuador" elevation="560" isTailEnumeration="true" latitude="-0.46666667" location="Centinela" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.183334" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry box="[218,334,1668,1689]" name="Ecuador" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion box="[349,675,1668,1690]" country="Ecuador" name="Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas</collectingRegion>
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||
:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E:8F786D9E456FFFC386BCF922B377618C" box="[686,780,1668,1690]" country="Ecuador" latitude="-0.46666667" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.183334" name="Centinela" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" stateProvince="Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas">Centinela</location>
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, área norte de las montañas de Ila, Parroquia El Esfuerzo, comuna Polanco, Cascadas Las Rocas,
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<geoCoordinate box="[487,556,1704,1725]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-0.46666667">0°28’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[567,654,1704,1725]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" precision="925" value="-79.183334">79°11’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<quantity box="[665,728,1704,1726]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="560.0">
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||
<elevation box="[665,728,1704,1726]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date box="[738,863,1704,1725]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" value="2022-03-20">
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<collectingDate box="[738,863,1704,1725]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" value="2022-03-20">20 Mar 2022</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(fl),
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<emphasis box="[913,1045,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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X.
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<collectorName box="[940,1021,1704,1725]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Cornejo</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName box="[1031,1279,1704,1725]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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J
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<emphasis box="[1045,1189,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">. L. Clark & C.</emphasis>
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<emphasis box="[1195,1346,1704,1725]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Restrepo 10032</emphasis>
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</collectorName>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus box="[1359,1448,1704,1726]" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode box="[189,264,1740,1761]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15759" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15759" name="Universidad de Guayaquil" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="Herbarium">GUAY</collectionCode>
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!, isotype QCA!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="0.[136,1452,1808,2087]" lastBlockId="1.[136,1452,158,509]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis box="[136,185,1809,1834]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Tree</emphasis>
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||
to
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<quantity box="[225,284,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
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||
tall and
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<quantity box="[386,457,1808,1835]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
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||
DBH, the branches ± horizontal, the bark richly lenticellate, the trunk with low, thick, poorly developed buttresses.
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<emphasis box="[465,644,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Young branches</emphasis>
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||
glabrous, abundantly lenticellate.
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<emphasis box="[1033,1111,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Leaves</emphasis>
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||
: shortly petiolate, the petioles slightly rimulose, shallowly channeled adaxially, rounded abaxially, hemispherical in cross section, 20–25 ×
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||
<quantity box="[1358,1452,1880,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
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||
(fresh), glabrous; blades mostly oblong-elliptic, sometimes lanceolate-elliptic, 35–70 ×
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<quantity box="[1128,1242,1916,1943]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="15.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="11.0">11–20 cm</quantity>
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||
, chartaceous, with abundant black punctations abaxially, the base usually obtuse to truncate, occasionally cuneate, the margins entire, the apex acuminate to shortly caudate; venation brochidodromous, the midrib prominent adaxially, markedly salient abaxially, glabrous, the secondary veins in 30–60 pairs, slightly prominent adaxially, salient abaxially, intersecondaries present, the marginal vein conspicuous, the tertiary veins reticulate.
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||
<emphasis box="[899,1060,2060,2086]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Inflorescences</emphasis>
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||
terminal, axillary and ramiflorous, unbranched to paniculate, the rachis
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||
<quantity box="[545,642,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="14.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="4.0">4–25 cm</quantity>
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long, stout, erect to suberect, glabrous, lenticellate; pedicels 7–13 ×
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
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(fresh), transversely sulcate, tuberculate and lenticellate, glabrous, grayish-brown to purplish or purple (fresh); flower buds purplish-black (fresh). Floral bracts absent from flower buds.
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||
<emphasis box="[973,1065,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Flowers</emphasis>
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||
ca.
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||
<quantity box="[1112,1189,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="7.5">7.5 cm</quantity>
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diam. (fresh), ca.
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<quantity box="[1396,1451,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
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diam. (dry); hypanthium tuberculate and lenticellate, glabrous; calyx with 6 lobes, the lobes ovate to triangular, 4–6 × ca.
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<quantity box="[174,238,302,329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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(fresh), ascendant at anthesis, densely lenticellate-verruculose and purple (fresh) abaxially, the bases valvate, arising from fused calyx rim; petals 6, obovate to broadly obovate, 2.5–3.5 ×
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||
<quantity box="[1024,1133,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 cm</quantity>
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||
, pink; androecial hood with three coils, ca.
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<quantity box="[308,384,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
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||
across, pink (fresh); vestigial stamens on outside of coils; staminal ring with ca. 200 stamens, the filaments
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||
<quantity box="[287,400,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
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||
long (fresh), clavate, the anthers
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||
<quantity box="[769,903,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="0.6" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.7 mm</quantity>
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||
long (fresh); ovary 2-locular, the summit flat, the ovules pendulous, the style ca. 4 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[524,611,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
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||
, stout, distinguished from ovary summit, the stylar collar absent.
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||
<emphasis box="[1336,1404,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Fruits</emphasis>
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||
and
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||
<emphasis box="[136,197,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">seeds</emphasis>
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||
not seen. Old operculum collected from ground, ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[788,857,482,509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="13.0">13 cm</quantity>
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||
in diam.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7543163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7543163" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7543163/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" startId="1.[136,234,1950,1972]" targetBox="[305,1282,530,1922]" targetPageId="1">
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||
<paragraph blockId="1.[136,1452,1950,2080]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,261,1950,1972]" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[268,521,1950,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2023" box="[268,517,1950,1971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="1" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podoaquilae">Eschweilera podoaquilae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A. Detached flower, adaxial view; B. Longitudinal section of androecial hood displaying three coils, lateral view; C. Close-up of tuberculate pedicels and lenticellate-verruculose calyces in flower buds; D. Longitudinal section of upper pedicel, hypanthium and calyx, the thick style emerging straight at center; E. Leaves, adaxial view; F. Suberect, ramiflorous inflorescences (A–F, based on
|
||
<emphasis box="[287,493,2058,2080]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="140">Cornejo et al. 10032,</emphasis>
|
||
the type). Photos by Xavier Cornejo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,325,158,184]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
—
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||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2023" box="[353,644,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podoaquilae">
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<emphasis box="[353,644,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Eschweilera podoaquilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[782,928,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rimbachii">
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||
<emphasis box="[782,928,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">E. rimbachii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[995,1170,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pachyderma">
|
||
<emphasis box="[995,1170,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">E. pachyderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
but the irregularly and transversely sulcate thick pedicels, the tuberculate hypanthium, and the densely verruculose sepals are not a feature of either of these species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mori, S. A. & Smith, N. P. & Cornejo, X. & Prance, G. T." box="[396,584,230,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" refId="ref2282" refString="Mori, S. A., Smith, N. P., Cornejo, X. & Prance, G. T. (2015) The Lecythidaceae Pages. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. Available from: http: // sweetgum. nybg. org / lp / index. php (accessed 9 July 2022)" type="url" year="2015">
|
||
Mori
|
||
<emphasis box="[460,516,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The fruit at maturity reaches ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[964,1032,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
|
||
diam. (com. pers. in the field), that is among the largest fruits of any
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[485,623,266,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis box="[485,623,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Eschweilera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[631,664,266,292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the Neotropics (op. cit.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,328,302,328]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
—The epithet refers to the irregularly and transversely sulcate and tuberculate thick pedicels, the tuberculate hypanthium, and the densely verruculose sepals that resemble an eagle or rapax bird foot.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[189,539,374,400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" box="[189,539,374,400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,392,374,400]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Common names:</emphasis>
|
||
—Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,491,410,436]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Habitat and distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
—A medium size to subcanopy tree of extra Andean premontane wet forests, on welldrained soils, at southernmost Choco biogeographic region. Known only from northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1173,1266,446,472]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the Centinela area at north of montañas de Ila and in Bilsa Biological Station, from
|
||
<quantity box="[917,1044,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="400.0">400–600 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" box="[189,901,518,545]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,323,518,544]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Phenology:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[323,348,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">—</emphasis>
|
||
Flowers have been collected from March to May.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,434,554,580]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Conservation status:</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2023" box="[462,745,554,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podoaquilae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[462,745,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Eschweilera podoaquilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from two localities in the provinces of
|
||
<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[370,502,590,616]" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Esmeraldas</collectingRegion>
|
||
, both separated ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[725,810,590,616]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="km" value="110.0">110 km</quantity>
|
||
from each other in northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1188,1284,590,616]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. As the area of occupancy of the species is less than
|
||
<quantity box="[567,676,626,653]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="km" value="5.0">5.000 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[675,683,626,640]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">2</superScript>
|
||
with up to five populations seen in the field and due to the steady deforestation in the region transforming forests in pastures (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dodson, C. H. & Gentry, A. H." box="[817,1088,662,688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" pagination="273 - 295" refId="ref1959" refString="Dodson, C. H. & Gentry, A. H. (1991) Biological extinction in western Ecuador. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78: 273 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2399563" type="journal article" year="1991">Dodson & Gentry 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pitman, N. C. A. & White, D. M. & Guevara, J. E. & Couvreur, T. O. P. & Fortier, R. P. & Zapata, J. N. & Cornejo, X. & Clark, J. L. & Feeley, K. J. & Johnston, M. K. & Lozinguez, A. & Rivas-Torres, G." box="[1102,1315,662,688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref2416" refString="Pitman, N. C. A., White, D. M., Guevara, J. E., Couvreur, T. O. P., Fortier, R. P., Zapata, J. N., Cornejo, X., Clark, J. L., Feeley, K. J., Johnston, M. K., Lozinguez, A. & Rivas-Torres, G. (2022) Rediscovery of Gasteranthus extinctus L. E. Skog & L. P. Kvist (Gesneriaceae) at multiple sites in western Ecuador. Phytokeys 194: 33 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 194.79638" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Pitman
|
||
<emphasis box="[1189,1247,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; pers. obs.), it is suggested that this new species be assigned as Endangered (EN) following the IUCN criteria B2 ab(iii) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Standards & Petitions Committee" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" refId="ref2069" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2022) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 15. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Committee. Downloadable from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 1 July 2022)" type="book" year="2022">IUCN, 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
Surprisingly,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2023" box="[342,630,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podoaquilae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[342,630,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Eschweilera podoaquilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of those species that were not collected or recorded by Calaway Dodson and Alwyn Gentry during their fieldwork for the flora of Centinela (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dodson, C. H. & Gentry, A. H." box="[1033,1314,806,832]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" pagination="273 - 295" refId="ref1959" refString="Dodson, C. H. & Gentry, A. H. (1991) Biological extinction in western Ecuador. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 78: 273 - 295. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2399563" type="journal article" year="1991">Dodson & Gentry 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This case, similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cornejo (2009: 161" authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2009" box="[337,795,842,869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Amyris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="centinelensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[337,570,842,869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Amyris centinelensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cornejo, X." box="[579,795,842,868]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" pagination="161 - 166" refId="ref1917" refString="Cornejo, X. (2009) Amyris centinelensis and Zanthoxylum bonifaziae: Two new species of Rutaceae from northwestern Ecuador. Harvard Papers in Botany 14: 161 - 166. https: // doi. org / 10.3100 / 025.014.0207" type="journal article" year="2009">Cornejo (2009:161</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[809,916,842,868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), that to the present is known only by the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1403,1451,843,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">type</typeStatus>
|
||
gathered by D. Rubio and W. Alverson from Centinela remnants in 1990; and the recently discovered
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Cornejo & Hagsater" authorityName="Cornejo & Hagsater" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Epidendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monicarmasiae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Epidendrum monicarmasiae</emphasis>
|
||
Cornejo & Hágsater
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2022:1956,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[695,840,914,940]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Orchidaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), known only by the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1079,1130,915,941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, and also missed by Dodson and Gentry, plus two yet unpublished new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[738,887,950,976]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Gesneriaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(J.L. Clark, pers. com.), all found for first time in 2022 from montañas de Ila and environs in Centinela, strongly suggest that an indeterminate number of species could have been driven to extinction due to the massive and steady deforestation without being collected, and confirms that many native and endangered species still survives there, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="L. E. Skog & L. P. Kvist" authorityName="L. E. Skog & L. P. Kvist" box="[830,1370,1058,1085]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Gasteranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="extinctus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[830,1089,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Gasteranthus extinctus</emphasis>
|
||
L. E. Skog & L.P. Kvist
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2000: 65,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Pitman, N. C. A. & White, D. M. & Guevara, J. E. & Couvreur, T. O. P. & Fortier, R. P. & Zapata, J. N. & Cornejo, X. & Clark, J. L. & Feeley, K. J. & Johnston, M. K. & Lozinguez, A. & Rivas-Torres, G." box="[177,384,1094,1120]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" pagination="33 - 46" refId="ref2416" refString="Pitman, N. C. A., White, D. M., Guevara, J. E., Couvreur, T. O. P., Fortier, R. P., Zapata, J. N., Cornejo, X., Clark, J. L., Feeley, K. J., Johnston, M. K., Lozinguez, A. & Rivas-Torres, G. (2022) Rediscovery of Gasteranthus extinctus L. E. Skog & L. P. Kvist (Gesneriaceae) at multiple sites in western Ecuador. Phytokeys 194: 33 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / phytokeys. 194.79638" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Pitman
|
||
<emphasis box="[263,319,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, obs. pers.). Therefore, further exploration, additional collection efforts, and urgent programs of conservation and management including
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cornejo" authorityYear="2023" box="[591,875,1130,1156]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Eschweilera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="podoaquilae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[591,875,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Eschweilera podoaquilae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the aforementioned species, and others endangered in similar condition from the very fragmented remnants of native vegetation of Centinela are needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1452,158,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-05-05" collectionCode="W, J" country="Ecuador" elevation="500" latitude="0.35" location="Mache mountains" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.73333" municipality="Bilsa Biological Station" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Esmeraldas" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,319,1202,1228]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[189,313,1202,1228]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[346,481,1202,1228]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[502,636,1202,1228]" country="Ecuador" name="Esmeraldas" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Esmeraldas</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[651,933,1202,1228]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Bilsa Biological Station</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E:8F786D9E456DFFC187A5FB14B4F363DA" box="[951,1160,1202,1228]" country="Ecuador" latitude="0.35" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.73333" municipality="Bilsa Biological Station" name="Mache mountains" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" stateProvince="Esmeraldas">Mache mountains</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[1176,1447,1202,1229]" location="Quininde" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<quantity box="[1176,1253,1202,1229]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1265,1291,1203,1229]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
|
||
of Quinindé
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, premontane wet forest, mature forest along rana roja trail,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[791,893,1238,1264]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" precision="925" value="-79.73333">79°44’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[901,985,1238,1264]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" precision="925" value="0.35">0°21’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[998,1127,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="400.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[998,1127,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="400.0">400–600 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1139,1274,1238,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" value="1995-05-05">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1139,1274,1238,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" value="1995-05-05">5 May 1995</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(fl),
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1331,1347,1239,1264]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1331,1347,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">J</emphasis>
|
||
</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-05-05" collectionCode="L" country="Ecuador" elevation="500" isTailEnumeration="true" latitude="0.35" location="Mache mountains" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.73333" municipality="Bilsa Biological Station" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Esmeraldas" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1358,1377,1239,1264]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E:8F786D9E456DFFC1817EFB70B5D763E6" box="[1388,1452,1238,1264]" country="Ecuador" name="Clark" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Clark</location>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode box="[164,186,1275,1301]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis box="[195,293,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E:8F786D9E456DFFC184D1FB5DB08E6202" box="[195,245,1275,1300]" country="United States of America" name="Watt" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Watt</location>
|
||
799
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[306,353,1274,1300]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[375,423,1274,1300]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[437,513,1274,1300]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13634" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13634" name="Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">QCNE</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[536,572,1274,1300]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">US</collectingCountry>
|
||
[2]!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2009-10-16" collectionCode="A" country="United States of America" elevation="500" latitude="0.35" location="Cornejo" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.73333" municipality="Rio Ducha" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[642,764,1274,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Río Ducha</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[774,876,1274,1300]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" precision="925" value="-79.73333">79°44’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[882,966,1274,1300]" degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" precision="925" value="0.35">0°21’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity box="[1015,1086,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="500.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1015,1086,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1097,1233,1274,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" value="2009-10-16">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1097,1233,1274,1300]" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" value="2009-10-16">16 Oct 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(old fr),
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
X.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E:8F786D9E456DFFC18142FB5DB5D76203" box="[1360,1452,1275,1301]" country="United States of America" latitude="0.35" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-79.73333" municipality="Rio Ducha" name="Cornejo" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Cornejo</location>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode box="[164,184,1311,1337]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,189,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[195,341,1310,1337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:020E8A53456FFFC1849AFA56B22A622E:8F786D9E456DFFC184D1FAB9B16E622F" box="[195,277,1311,1337]" country="United States of America" name="Macias" pageId="2" pageNumber="141">Macías</location>
|
||
8170
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[356,444,1310,1336]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15759" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15759" name="Universidad de Guayaquil" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">GUAY</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[459,504,1310,1336]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[527,576,1310,1336]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15556" name="William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="2" pageNumber="141" type="Herbarium">NY</collectionCode>
|
||
!)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |