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<document id="8B09E2AC6D4B06541CA64E3D96ADC566" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.12812559" ID-ISSN="1989-6581" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12812559" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1721851597407" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Grosso-Silva, José Manuel" docDate="2023" docId="03EAF269AC339B66FF47FAC4FF3847E0" docLanguage="en" docName="ArqEntomol.26.249-251.pdf" docOrigin="Arquivos Entomolóxicos 26" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DF23C849EA72F80F6DF49FA5382909D5.3:ArqEntomol.2008-.journal_article.1column" docStyleId="DF23C849EA72F80F6DF49FA5382909D5" docStyleName="ArqEntomol.2008-.journal_article.1column" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Luperomorpha xanthodera" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="250" masterDocId="FFD38A11AC339B67FFD7FF9FFFDA457D" masterDocTitle="The rose flea beetle, Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini), new for Portugal" masterLastPageNumber="251" masterPageNumber="249" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1744225227883" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="306E291E50071910F05A5D56FF60AF62">The rose flea beetle, Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini), new for Portugal</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8FD14107A0690426F6726A408D019BF7">Grosso-Silva, José Manuel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1ACEE4E8CFC425342FD6486D9BAB99AE">Arquivos Entomolóxicos</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D352179445F6BCD416336550CB6D71EF">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="26D66BC44BC75ECD05FD769EAAD4EAB9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="B8E16CE66CD19B3185FB4C13B56D9B6D">2023-06-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F1851E4867A840C4EBBD740B293F8947">26</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7C8D4F28E131C2A88F75F3C4B8F6964F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.12812559</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5B91DFCF715EED0F842B8ED75457A996" type="ISSN">1989-6581</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03EAF269AC339B66FF47FAC4FF3847E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EAF269AC339B66FF47FAC4FF3847E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EAF269AC339B66FF47FAC4FF3847E0" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF47FAC4FEE14353" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<subSubSection id="C35910F4AC339B67FF47FAC4FB3C4008" box="[144,1254,1371,1397]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC339B67FF47FAC4FB3C4008" blockId="0.[144,1444,1371,1768]" box="[144,1254,1371,1397]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC339B67FF47FAC4FD124009" authority="(Fairmaire, 1888)" baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[144,712,1371,1396]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Luperomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthodera">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF47FAC4FE014009" bold="true" box="[144,475,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Luperomorpha xanthodera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FE26FAC4FD1A4009" author="FAIRMAIRE, L." box="[497,704,1371,1396]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="7 - 46" refId="ref929" refString="FAIRMAIRE, L. 1888. Coleopteres de l'interieur de lA Chine (suite). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 32: 7 - 46." type="journal article" year="1888">Fairmaire, 1888</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC339B67FD0AFAC4FCB04008" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[733,874,1371,1397]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC339B67FCABFAC4FBEE4008" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[892,1076,1371,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysomelidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC339B67FB92FAC4FB014008" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[1093,1243,1371,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Galerucinae">Galerucinae</taxonomicName>
),
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35910F4AC339B67FB22FAC4FE7E424F" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC339B67FB22FAC4FEE14353" blockId="0.[144,1444,1371,1768]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
the rose flea beetle, is an Asian species described from
<collectingRegion id="49878D9DAC339B67FD20FA1FFC8B40E4" box="[759,849,1408,1433]" country="China" name="Jiangxi" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Jiangxi</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FCBBFA1FFC6E40E7" box="[876,948,1408,1434]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">China</collectingCountry>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FBD7FA1FFAD940E4" author="FAIRMAIRE, L." box="[1024,1283,1408,1433]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="7 - 46" refId="ref929" refString="FAIRMAIRE, L. 1888. Coleopteres de l'interieur de lA Chine (suite). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 32: 7 - 46." type="journal article" year="1888">FAIRMAIRE (1888)</bibRefCitation>
. Its native distribution range includes
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FE23FA3AFDED40C2" box="[500,567,1445,1471]" name="China" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">China</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FDAAFA39FD1240C2" box="[637,712,1446,1471]" name="South Korea" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Korea</collectingCountry>
, while outside of this range it is currently known from
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FF47FA54FF2A4099" box="[144,240,1483,1508]" name="Austria" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Austria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FF2AFA54FEBA4099" box="[253,352,1483,1508]" name="Belgium" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Belgium</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FEBAFA54FE1F4099" box="[365,453,1483,1508]" name="France" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FE04FA55FD984099" box="[467,578,1482,1508]" name="Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FD98FA54FD634099" box="[591,697,1483,1508]" name="Hungary" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Hungary</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FD10FA54FCD24099" box="[711,776,1483,1508]" name="Italy" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FCC1FA54FC744099" box="[790,942,1483,1508]" name="Serbia" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Montenegro</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FC6CFA54FB574099" box="[955,1165,1483,1508]" name="Netherlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FB4DFA54FB364099" box="[1178,1260,1483,1508]" name="Poland" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FB2DFA54FA914099" box="[1274,1355,1483,1508]" name="Russia" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FA8FFA55FA454099" box="[1368,1439,1482,1508]" name="Spain" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FF47FA70FEF24374" box="[144,296,1519,1545]" name="Switzerland" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
, and the
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FE77FA6FFDB94374" box="[416,611,1520,1545]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FDA3FA71FCE84374" author="DOBERL, M." box="[628,818,1518,1547]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="491 - 563" refId="ref785" refString="DOBERL, M. 2010. Subfamily Alticinae Newman, 1835, pp. 491 - 563. In: L ˆ bl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (eds.). Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 6. Chrysomeloidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup. 924 pp." type="book chapter" year="2010">DÖBERL, 2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FC97FA70FBAF4374" author="FAGOT, J. &amp; LIBERT, P. - N." box="[832,1141,1519,1545]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="81 - 82" refId="ref871" refString="FAGOT, J. &amp; LIBERT, P. - N. 2016. Entretiens sur les Chrysomelidae de Belgique et des regions limitrophes 6. Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888), espece nouvelle pour la faune belge (Chrysomelidae, Alticinae). Faunistic Entomology - Entomologie faunistique, 69: 81 - 82." type="journal article" year="2016">FAGOT &amp; LIBERT, 2016</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FB53FA71FA454374" author="VINOLAS, A. &amp; MUNOZ-BATET, J. &amp; SOLER, J." box="[1156,1439,1518,1547]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="101 - 112" refId="ref1058" refString="VINOLAS, A., MUNOZ-BATET, J. &amp; SOLER, J. 2016. Noves o interessants localitzacions d' especies de coleopters per a la peninsula Iberica i illes Canaries (Coleoptera). Butlleti de la Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural, 80: 101 - 112." type="journal article" year="2016">
VIÑOLAS
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FAD9FA6FFA924374" bold="true" box="[1294,1352,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">et al</emphasis>
., 2016
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FF47F98AFEF74353" author="SADY, E. A. &amp; KIELKIEWICZ, M. &amp; KOZLOWSKI, M. W." box="[144,301,1557,1583]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="86 - 97" refId="ref994" refString="SADY, E. A., KIELKIEWICZ, M. &amp; KOZLOWSKI, M. W. 2020. The rose fleA beetle (Luperomorpha xanthodera, ColeopterA: ChrysoMelidAe), An Alien species in centrAl PolAnd - froM An episodic occurrence in an established population. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 60 (1): 86 - 97." type="journal article" year="2020">SADY, 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC339B67FF39F9A5FD754395" blockId="0.[144,1444,1371,1768]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF39F9A5FD754395" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
In the
<collectingRegion id="49878D9DAC339B67FE86F9A5FDF5432E" box="[337,559,1594,1619]" country="Portugal" name="Iberian Peninsula" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Iberian Peninsula</collectingRegion>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC339B67FD96F9A7FCA8432E" author="VINOLAS, A. &amp; MUNOZ-BATET, J. &amp; SOLER, J." box="[577,882,1592,1621]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" pagination="101 - 112" refId="ref1058" refString="VINOLAS, A., MUNOZ-BATET, J. &amp; SOLER, J. 2016. Noves o interessants localitzacions d' especies de coleopters per a la peninsula Iberica i illes Canaries (Coleoptera). Butlleti de la Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural, 80: 101 - 112." type="journal article" year="2016">
VIÑOLAS
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FD18F9A5FCD7432E" bold="true" box="[719,781,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">et al</emphasis>
. (2016)
</bibRefCitation>
recorded
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FBD7F9A5FB68432E" bold="true" box="[1024,1202,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">L. xanthodera</emphasis>
from the
<location id="8E9C15A4AC339B67FA93F9A5FF224304" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EAF269AC339B66FF47FAC4FF3847E0:8E9C15A4AC339B67FA93F9A5FF224304" country="Portugal" county="Ciencia da Universidade" municipality="Museu de Historia Natural" name="Spanish province" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" stateProvince="Iberian Peninsula">Spanish province</location>
of Girona (
<figureCitation id="13785FFAAC339B67FE43F9FFFE394304" box="[404,483,1632,1657]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="2.[160,202,2008,2028]" captionTargetBox="[161,1236,1189,1987]" captionTargetId="figure-123@2.[161,1236,1189,1987]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Map 1.- Iberian distribution of Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888) (grey: previously known Spanish province; green: new Portuguese district; orange: new Portuguese MGRS 100 km2 squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12812563/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Map 1</figureCitation>
). In this study, we present the first Portuguese records of the species derived from the study of
<specimenCount id="9D4588F6AC339B67FE38F91AFD4F43E3" box="[495,661,1669,1694]" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
deposited in the collection of MHNC-UP (
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98D905AC339B67FB6FF91AFF3543BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Museu de História Natural</collectingMunicipality>
e
<collectorName id="26B626A9AC339B67FECEF935FDAF43BE" box="[281,629,1705,1731]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
da
<collectingCounty id="629D3BF3AC339B67FE93F936FDAF43BE" box="[324,629,1705,1731]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Ciência da Universidade</collectingCounty>
</collectorName>
do
<collectingRegion id="49878D9DAC339B67FD79F935FD2F43BE" box="[686,757,1706,1731]" country="Portugal" name="Porto" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Porto</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC339B67FCD0F935FCAA43BE" box="[775,880,1706,1731]" name="Portugal" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Portugal</collectingCountry>
) and a photograph uploaded to the citizen science online platform Biodiversity4all.org.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC339B67FF47F88BFE7E424F" blockId="0.[144,420,1812,1842]" box="[144,420,1812,1842]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<heading id="D0B4F413AC339B67FF47F88BFE7E424F" bold="true" box="[144,420,1812,1842]" fontSize="12" level="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF47F88BFE7E424F" bold="true" box="[144,420,1812,1842]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C35910F4AC339B66FF47F81EFC4144E5" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="250" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC339B67FF47F81EFE9042E7" blockId="0.[144,330,1921,1946]" box="[144,330,1921,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<heading id="D0B4F413AC339B67FF47F81EFE9042E7" bold="true" box="[144,330,1921,1946]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" reason="6">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF47F81EFE9042E7" bold="true" box="[144,330,1921,1946]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<collectingRegion id="49878D9DAC339B67FF47F81EFE9F42E7" box="[144,325,1921,1946]" country="Portugal" name="Porto" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Porto district</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<materialsCitation id="3B2B4922AC339B66FF4FF828FBBB4467" collectingDate="2023-04-09" collectionCode="MHNC-UP" collectorName="Grosso-Silva" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="250" latitude="41.164345" location="Porto" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-8.66341" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Porto">
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC339B67FF4FF828FA7E4289" blockId="0.[152,1444,1969,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF4FF828FE5C4289" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FF4FF828FF7D42B3" bold="true" box="[152,167,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="249"></emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49878D9DAC339B67FF1FF82AFED142B3" box="[200,267,1973,1998]" country="Portugal" name="Porto" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Porto</collectingRegion>
municipality: Porto (city) (
<geoCoordinate id="EE7725B8AC339B67FD5EF82AFCD542B3" box="[649,783,1973,1998]" degrees="41.164346" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" precision="1" value="41.164345">41.164346</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7725B8AC339B67FCFFF82AFC7142B3" box="[808,939,1973,1998]" degrees="8.663410" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" precision="1" value="-8.66341">-8.663410</geoCoordinate>
; MGRS
<quantity id="4CBBEE9AAC339B67FBF0F82AFB5142B3" box="[1063,1163,1973,1998]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C36EE37AC339B67FB5BF82EFB4D42BD" attach="left" box="[1164,1175,1969,1984]" fontSize="6" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">2</superScript>
square: 29TNF25),
<date id="FFFD65BFAC339B67FF1FF844FEB24289" box="[200,360,2011,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" value="2023-04-09">
<collectingDate id="EFB99C57AC339B67FF1FF844FEB24289" box="[200,360,2011,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" value="2023-04-09">09/04/2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D4588F6AC339B67FEADF844FE7C428E" box="[378,422,2011,2036]" count="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="249" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC339B67FE6DF845FA7E4289" bold="true" box="[442,1444,2010,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">
<collectorName id="26B626A9AC339B67FE6DF845FD8C4289" box="[442,598,2010,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Grosso-Silva</collectorName>
leg.,
<collectionCode id="ED52DBBAAC339B67FD76F845FCC54289" box="[673,799,2010,2036]" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">MHNC-UP</collectionCode>
col. (MHNCUP-ART-41101) (live picture in
<figureCitation id="13785FFAAC339B67FA99F844FA494289" box="[1358,1427,2011,2036]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[811,847,220,240]" captionTargetBox="[160,794,212,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-59@2.[160,794,212,1158]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1.- The female specimen of Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888) collected in the city of Porto (Porto, Portugal) on 9/04/2023 (MHNCUP-ART-41101)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812561" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12812561/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="249">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC329B66FF1FFF43FBBB4467" blockId="1.[200,1444,220,283]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FF1FFF43FBBB4467" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
The specimen was dissected and the coxites, the bursa copulatrix rods and the spermatheca are identical to the structures shown in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC329B66FD5AFE9EFC044467" author="DEL BENE, G. &amp; CONTI, B." box="[653,990,257,283]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" pagination="61 - 68" refId="ref742" refString="DEL BENE, G. &amp; CONTI, B. 2009. Notes on the biology and ethology of Luperomorpha xanthodera, a flea beetle recently introduced into Europe. Bulletin of Insectology, 62 (1): 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">DEL BENE &amp; CONTI (2009</bibRefCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13785FFAAC329B66FC39FE9EFB8B4467" box="[1006,1105,257,282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[811,847,220,240]" captionTargetBox="[160,794,212,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-59@2.[160,794,212,1158]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1.- The female specimen of Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888) collected in the city of Porto (Porto, Portugal) on 9/04/2023 (MHNCUP-ART-41101)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812561" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12812561/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Figure 1</figureCitation>
).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC329B66FF4FFEA8FC4144E5" blockId="1.[152,1444,305,408]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
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<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FF4FFEA8FC4144E5" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FF4FFEA8FF7D4433" bold="true" box="[152,167,311,334]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250"></emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6B98D905AC329B66FF1FFEAAFE1D4432" box="[200,455,309,335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Vila Nova de Gaia</collectingMunicipality>
municipality:
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(
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,
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; MGRS
<quantity id="4CBBEE9AAC329B66FB11FEAAFAF04433" box="[1222,1322,309,334]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C36EE37AC329B66FAFCFEAEFAEC443D" attach="left" box="[1323,1334,305,320]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">2</superScript>
square: 29TNF24),
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<collectingDate id="EFB99C57AC329B66FEB3FEC5FE26440E" box="[356,508,346,371]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" value="2021-09-14">14/09/2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D4588F6AC329B66FDC4FEC5FD7B440E" box="[531,673,346,371]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="generic">1 speciMen</specimenCount>
photogrAphed by Vítor dA SilVA (usernAMe “AMAnithor”): https://www.biodiversity4all.org/observations/94831592.
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35910F4AC329B66FF39FE55FF3847E0" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFC437FAC329B66FF39FE55FF3847E0" blockId="1.[144,1444,458,669]" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FF39FE55FF3847E0" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
The records of
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FE60FE55FD27449E" bold="true" box="[439,765,458,483]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC329B66FE60FE55FDBC449E" authorityName="Weise" authorityYear="1887" box="[439,614,458,483]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Luperomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Luperomorpha</taxonomicName>
xanthodera
</emphasis>
presented in this study, besides being the first from
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC329B66FF47FE70FF204775" box="[144,250,495,520]" name="Portugal" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Portugal</collectingCountry>
, greatly expand the known Iberian range of the species, as illustrated in
<figureCitation id="13785FFAAC329B66FB6EFE70FADF4775" box="[1209,1285,495,520]" captionStart="Map 1" captionStartId="2.[160,202,2008,2028]" captionTargetBox="[161,1236,1189,1987]" captionTargetId="figure-123@2.[161,1236,1189,1987]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Map 1.- Iberian distribution of Luperomorpha xanthodera (Fairmaire, 1888) (grey: previously known Spanish province; green: new Portuguese district; orange: new Portuguese MGRS 100 km2 squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12812563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Map 1</figureCitation>
. This is the third exotic flea-beetle species (
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC329B66FD92FD8BFD794750" box="[581,675,532,557]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Alticini" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alticini</taxonomicName>
) to establish in
<collectingCountry id="F35403EFAC329B66FC53FD8BFC344750" box="[900,1006,532,557]" name="Portugal" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">Portugal</collectingCountry>
, following the discoveries of the presence of the potato pests
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FDC3FDA6FD74472F" bold="true" box="[532,686,569,594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC329B66FDC3FDA6FDB1472F" authorityName="Foudras in Mulsant" authorityYear="1859" box="[532,619,569,594]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epitrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epitrix</taxonomicName>
papa
</emphasis>
Orlova-Bienkowskaja, 2015 (recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC329B66FB10FDA6FF0B470A" author="OLIVEIRA, R. &amp; CHATOT, C. &amp; DEDRYVER, C. - A." pageId="1" pageNumber="250" pagination="30 - 34" refId="ref959" refString="OLIVEIRA, R., CHATOT, C. &amp; DEDRYVER, C. - A. 2008. Detectee en Europe une nouvelle altise. Potato Planet, 11: 30 - 34." type="journal article" year="2008">
OLIVEIRA
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FA8DFDA6FA4C472F" bold="true" box="[1370,1430,569,594]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">et al</emphasis>
., 2008
</bibRefCitation>
as
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FED5FDC1FE16470A" bold="true" box="[258,460,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC329B66FED5FDC1FE83470A" authorityName="Foudras in Mulsant" authorityYear="1859" box="[258,345,606,631]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epitrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epitrix</taxonomicName>
similaris
</emphasis>
Gentner, 1944) and
<emphasis id="B9379F6DAC329B66FD01FDC1FC6E470A" bold="true" box="[726,948,606,631]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="250">
<taxonomicName id="4C4338FCAC329B66FD01FDC1FCF7470A" authorityName="Foudras in Mulsant" authorityYear="1859" box="[726,813,606,631]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Epitrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epitrix</taxonomicName>
cucumeris
</emphasis>
(Harris, 1850) (reported by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD23E8EAC329B66FAFCFDC1FF0947E0" author="DOGUET, S." pageId="1" pageNumber="250" pagination="89 - 90" refId="ref839" refString="DOGUET, S. 2009. Presence en Europe de deux especes nord-americaines d' Epitrix (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Alticinae). L'Entomologiste, 65 (2): 89 - 90." type="journal article" year="2009">DOGUET, 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,781 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229ED8B8896FD2764F5" ID-CoL="5GV6G" authority="N.Schutz" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,680,646,671]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ED8B8896FDB364F5" bold="true" box="[151,572,646,671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ED8B8896FE7864F5" box="[151,503,646,671]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ED8B8896FE2964F5" bold="true" box="[151,422,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECE18896FDB364F5" bold="true" box="[509,572,646,671]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">vogtii</emphasis>
</emphasis>
N.Schütz
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229ED8B88BAFCCF64B5" blockId="9.[151,1436,646,827]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
Type:—
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<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE35229EDF988BAFEFE64AA" box="[229,369,682,704]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
. Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229ECDC88BAFDF864AA" box="[448,631,682,704]" country="Paraguay" name="Presidente Hayes" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Presidente Hayes</collectingRegion>
:
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,
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,
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,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229E89F88BAFEE564B5" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2010-12-10">10 December 2010</collectingDate>
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,
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970
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(
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:
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!
</materialsCitation>
,
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<typeStatus id="54F98830FFE35229EF9588D9FD5964B5" box="[649,726,713,735]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">isotype</typeStatus>
:
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).
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<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229ED8B88F8FAB76551" blockId="9.[151,1436,646,827]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229ED8B88F8FD996494" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,534,744,766]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ED8B88F8FE056494" box="[151,394,744,766]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECC088F9FD996494" box="[476,534,745,766]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EFBF88F8FC196494" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[675,918,744,766]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EFBF88F8FC196494" box="[675,918,744,766]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EEF488F8FB376494" box="[1000,1208,744,766]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EEF488F8FB376494" box="[1000,1208,744,766]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in having shorter leaf blades,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EC978916FE606576" box="[395,495,774,796]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">3060 cm</quantity>
(vs.
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EF3C8916FD086576" box="[544,647,774,796]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="40.0">4070 cm</quantity>
), few-flowered inflorescences, inconspicuous floral bracts (vs. floral bracts up to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EDFD8935FE946551" box="[225,283,805,827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long), longer flowers of
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EF048935FD0A6551" box="[536,645,805,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="35.0">3550 mm</quantity>
(vs. 2535 (45) mm) and rose to magenta (vs. carmine-red) petals.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE35229ED8B8971FDBE65AB" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229ED8B8971FDBE65AB" blockId="9.[151,1437,865,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
Leaf blade length
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EC768971FE6F6513" box="[362,480,865,890]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">3060 cm</quantity>
. Inflorescence lax, few-flowered. Floral bracts inconspicuous. Flowers
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E83D8971FA136513" box="[1313,1436,865,890]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="35.0">3545 mm</quantity>
long, sessile to shortly pedicellate, pedicels up to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EFD88995FC8A65F7" box="[708,773,901,926]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long. Sepals
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EE808995FB9A65F7" box="[924,1045,901,926]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">1520 mm</quantity>
long, rose. Petals
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E9FF8995FAD365F7" box="[1251,1372,901,926]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="40.0">4050 mm</quantity>
long, rose to magenta, with greenish apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE35229EDDA89DDFE896263" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA89DDFE896263" blockId="9.[151,1437,865,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA89DDFEED658C" bold="true" box="[198,354,973,998]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE35229EC6189DDFD99658C" box="[381,534,973,998]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
: Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EF7389DDFC99658C" box="[623,790,973,998]" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Alto Paraguay</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EE3A89DEFC18658F" box="[806,919,974,997]" country="Paraguay" name="Boqueron" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Boqueron</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EEB489DDFBFD658C" box="[936,1138,973,998]" country="Paraguay" name="Presidente Hayes" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Presidente Hayes</collectingRegion>
. 20°15
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E9C789DDFABB658C" box="[1243,1332,973,998]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-22.666666">22°40'S</geoCoordinate>
; 59°25
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B89E1FE8E6263" box="[151,257,1009,1034]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-60.75">60°45' W</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE35229EDDA8E05FA0D636F" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA8E05FA0D636F" blockId="9.[151,1437,865,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA8E05FE316244" bold="true" box="[198,446,1045,1070]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Habitat and ecology:</emphasis>
—Ecoregion:
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EF478E05FD2E6244" box="[603,673,1045,1070]" country="Argentina" name="Chaco" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Chaco</collectingRegion>
savannas. At elevations of
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EEC58E05FBD76247" box="[985,1112,1045,1070]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="200.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="100.0">
100
<specimenCount id="9D44FD1BFFE35229E9138E05FBD76247" box="[1039,1112,1045,1070]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="generic">300 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
. Terrestrial, on clay soils, on arenaceous underground, between rocks, in the understorey of open dry forests and shrublands, solitary or in groups. Growing together with
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229ECBA8E4DFCC9621C" box="[422,838,1117,1142]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Aspidosperma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECBA8E4DFD02621F" box="[422,653,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Aspidosperma spec.</emphasis>
(Apocynaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EE4E8E4DFEED62F0" authority="Lorentz ex Griseb. (1879: 75)" authorityName="Griseb." authorityPageNumber="75" authorityYear="1879" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Bulnesia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sarmientoi">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EE4E8E4DFBB5621F" box="[850,1082,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Bulnesia sarmientoi</emphasis>
Lorentz ex Griseb. (1879: 75) (Zygophyllaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EC728E92FD4762F0" box="[366,712,1153,1178]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Capparaceae" genus="Capparis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Capparales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EC728E92FD9562F3" box="[366,538,1154,1177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Capparis spec.</emphasis>
(Capparaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EFC88E91FB4B62F0" authority="Mez (1896: 13)" authorityName="Mez" authorityPageNumber="13" authorityYear="1896" box="[724,1220,1153,1178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deinacanthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="urbanianum">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EFC88E91FB8762F0" box="[724,1032,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deinacanthon urbanianum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFE35229E9138E92FB4B62F0" author="Mez, C." box="[1039,1220,1153,1178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 990" refId="ref9500" refString="Mez, C. (1896) Bromeliaceae. In De Candolle, C., (ed.) Monographiae Phanerogamarum IX. Masson &amp; C ie., Paris, pp. 1 - 990." type="book chapter" year="1896">Mez (1896: 13)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229E9CD8E91FE5962D4" authority="Mez (1896: 511)" authorityName="Mez" authorityPageNumber="511" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Dyckia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ferox">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E9CD8E91FAED62F0" box="[1233,1378,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Dyckia ferox</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFE35229E8768E92FE9362D4" author="Mez, C." pageId="9" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 990" refId="ref9500" refString="Mez, C. (1896) Bromeliaceae. In De Candolle, C., (ed.) Monographiae Phanerogamarum IX. Masson &amp; C ie., Paris, pp. 1 - 990." type="book chapter" year="1896">Mez (1896: 511)</bibRefCitation>
(Bromeliaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229ECFF8EB6FB2E62D4" authority="Gillies ex Hook. (1833: 204)" authorityName="Hook." authorityPageNumber="204" authorityYear="1833" box="[483,1185,1189,1214]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sericantha">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECFF8EB6FD4962D4" box="[483,710,1189,1214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Prosopis sericantha</emphasis>
Gillies ex Hook. (1833: 204) (Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229E9B18EB6FD816288" authority="Griseb. (1874: 110)" authorityName="Griseb." authorityPageNumber="110" authorityYear="1874" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vitis-idaea">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E9B18EB6FA1362D4" box="[1197,1436,1189,1214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Maytenus vitis-idaea</emphasis>
Griseb. (1874: 110) (Celastraceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EF5E8ED9FB116288" authority="Drude (1882: 551)" authorityName="Drude" authorityPageNumber="551" authorityYear="1882" box="[578,1182,1225,1250]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Trithrinax" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schizophylla">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EF5E8ED9FCB06288" box="[578,831,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Trithrinax schizophylla</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFE35229EE598ED9FB9F6288" author="Drude, C. G. O." box="[837,1040,1225,1250]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" pagination="461 - 584" refId="ref8962" refString="Drude, C. G. O. (1882) Palmae pars II. In Martius, C. F. P., (ed.) Flora brasiliensis III. Lipsiae apud Fried. Fleischer in Comm., Munchen, pp. 461 - 584." type="book chapter" year="1882">Drude (1882: 551)</bibRefCitation>
(Arecaceae)
</taxonomicName>
. Flowers reported from September to February. Pollinated probably by hummingbirds as is the case for the other subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229E9E28EFEFAF4636F" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[1278,1403,1262,1285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E9E28EFEFAF4636F" box="[1278,1403,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE35229EDDA8F01FE5A6324" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA8F01FE5A6324" blockId="9.[151,1437,865,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA8F01FEDE6340" bold="true" box="[198,337,1297,1322]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The name of the subspecies is dedicated to the Paraguayan phytosociologist Christian Vogt, who collected the
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFE35229EC308F26FED36324" box="[300,348,1334,1358]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE35229EDDA8F49FCEE6020" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA8F49FCEE6020" blockId="9.[151,1437,865,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA8F49FEB16318" bold="true" box="[198,318,1369,1394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Affinities:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EC468F49FC8F631B" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[346,768,1369,1394]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EC468F49FDE8631B" box="[346,615,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EFDC8F4AFC8F631B" box="[704,768,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EE878F4AFB95631B" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[923,1050,1370,1393]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EE878F4AFB95631B" box="[923,1050,1370,1393]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229E9688F49FAD56318" box="[1140,1370,1369,1394]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E9688F49FAD56318" box="[1140,1370,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both subspecies share the long, sessile to pedicellate flowers in reddish colours, spread on a long and up to four times branched inflorescence. This separates both taxa conspicuously from the remaining subspecies.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229E9ED8FB1FE1263B7" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E9ED8FB1FF7563B7" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EC458FD6FE1263B7" box="[345,413,1478,1501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EF5E8FD6FD4663B7" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[578,713,1478,1501]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EF5E8FD6FD4663B7" box="[578,713,1478,1501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EE348FD5FBAE63B4" box="[808,1057,1477,1502]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EE348FD5FBAE63B4" box="[808,1057,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having more laxly flowered secondary branches, minute floral bracts, magenta-greenish petals and shorter leaf blades. Furthermore, the latter occurs in the mountain range of the Bolivian departments Cochabamba and Santa Cruz, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229E9EF8C1DFF7B6023" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E9EF8C1DFF7B6023" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EC5E8C22FE0D6023" box="[322,386,1586,1609]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">vogtii</emphasis>
grows in the Chaco savannas of
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE35229EFEF8C22FCD26020" box="[755,861,1586,1610]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE3522BEDDA8C45FCFE64B5" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE3522AEDDA8C45FD0C677D" blockId="9.[151,1437,865,2027]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1438,152,279]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA8C45FE5A6004" bold="true" box="[198,469,1621,1646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE35229ECEE8C46FD0E6007" box="[498,641,1622,1645]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
.
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229EF848C46FD5C6007" box="[664,723,1622,1645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Dept.</collectorName>
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EFFA8C46FC1E6007" box="[742,913,1622,1645]" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Alto Paraguay</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229EEB48C46FBED6007" box="[936,1122,1622,1645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Tyto. Lageranza</collectorName>
4
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229E98D8C46FB706007" box="[1169,1279,1622,1645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">de Mayo</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E80B8C46FA196007" box="[1303,1430,1622,1645]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-20.126112">20°07'34'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B8C69FEAB60FA" box="[151,292,1657,1680]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-60.531944">60°31'55'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EC2C8C69FE5460FA" box="[304,475,1657,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1996-03-17">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EC2C8C69FE5460FA" box="[304,475,1657,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1996-03-17">17 March 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECF48C69FD7160FA" box="[488,766,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229ECF48C69FDB060FA" box="[488,575,1657,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Mereles</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229EF658C69FD4F60FA" box="[633,704,1657,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Degen</collectorName>
6330
</emphasis>
(FCQ);
<collectingCounty id="629C4E1EFFE35229EE418C69FA8960FA" box="[861,1286,1657,1680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Parque Nacional Defensors del Chaco</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E80E8C69FA1860FA" box="[1298,1431,1657,1680]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-20.25639">20°15'23'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B8C8CFEAB60D9" box="[151,292,1692,1715]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-59.75889">59°45'32'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EC338C8CFE6D60D9" box="[303,482,1692,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1998-08-14">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EC338C8CFE6D60D9" box="[303,482,1692,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1998-08-14">14 August 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECF28C8CFD4C60D9" box="[494,707,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229ECF28C8CFDCA60D9" box="[494,581,1692,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Mereles</collectorName>
et al. 7381
</emphasis>
(FCQ).
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229EE3D8C8CFBFD60D9" box="[801,1138,1692,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Distr. Mayor Pablo Lagerenza</collectorName>
:
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFE35229E9618C8CFAC260D9" box="[1149,1357,1692,1715]" location="Cerro Leon" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">SW of Cerro Leon</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E8448C8CFA1360D9" box="[1368,1436,1692,1715]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
before
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE35229EDFB8CAEFD8960BF" box="[231,518,1726,1749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Capitan Pablo Lagerenza</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EF088CAEFDFA60BF" box="[532,629,1726,1749]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-20.25">20°15' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EF9F8CAEFD6360BF" box="[643,748,1726,1749]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-60.533333">60°32' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EFE58CAEFCCD60BF" box="[761,834,1726,1749]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="295.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229EFE58CAEFCCD60BF" box="[761,834,1726,1749]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="295.0">295 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 1996,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EE8A8CAEFBE960BF" box="[918,1126,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Amerhauser 96-11</emphasis>
(WU (2 sheets)); proposed
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFE35229ED8B8CF1FEEB6092" box="[151,356,1761,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Biosphere Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
&quot;Gran Chaco Americano&quot;, MadrejonAgua Dulce,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EE818CF1FBAF6092" box="[925,1056,1761,1784]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-20.322779">20°19'22'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E9318CF1FB346092" box="[1069,1211,1761,1784]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-59.75889">59°45'32'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E9D88CF1FA846092" box="[1220,1291,1761,1784]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="170.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229E9D88CF1FA846092" box="[1220,1291,1761,1784]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229E80B8CF1FF406171" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2002-02-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229E80B8CF1FF406171" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2002-02-07">07 February 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDC78D14FDD66171" box="[219,601,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Zardini and Gomez-Cabrera 58178</emphasis>
(WU (2 sheets));
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EE008D14FC146171" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE35229EE008D14FC146171" box="[796,923,1796,1819]" country="Paraguay" county="Parque Nacional Defensors del Chaco" latitude="-21.75" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="-60.0" municipality="Biosphere Reserve" name="Cerro Leon" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Alto Paraguay">Cerro León</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EEBA8D14FB8C6171" box="[934,1027,1796,1819]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-20.433332">20°26' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E9138D14FBFA6171" box="[1039,1141,1796,1819]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-60.25">60°15' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229E99C8D14FAB76171" box="[1152,1336,1796,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1979-10-02">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229E99C8D14FAB76171" box="[1152,1336,1796,1819]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1979-10-02">02 October 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229E8588D14FEEA6157" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Schinini and Bordas 17820</emphasis>
(UC); ibid.:
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229ECE78D36FD216157" box="[507,686,1830,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1981-08-25">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229ECE78D36FD216157" box="[507,686,1830,1853]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1981-08-25">25 August 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EFAB8D36FC2F6157" box="[695,928,1830,1853]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Schinini et al. 21173</emphasis>
(C);
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EEC38D36FA176157" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE35229EEC38D36FA176157" box="[991,1432,1830,1853]" country="Paraguay" county="Parque Nacional Defensors del Chaco" latitude="-21.75" longLatPrecision="1262" longitude="-60.0" municipality="Biosphere Reserve" name="Parque National Defensores del Chaco" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Alto Paraguay">Parque National Defensores del Chaco</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B8D59FE95610A" box="[151,282,1865,1888]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-20.556665">20°33'24'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EC3B8D59FE3C610A" box="[295,435,1865,1888]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-59.84111">59°50'28'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229ECA28D59FD0B610A" box="[446,644,1865,1888]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1999-02-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229ECA28D59FD0B610A" box="[446,644,1865,1888]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="1999-02-12">12 February 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EF8C8D59FC22610A" box="[656,941,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Zardini and Godoy 50020</emphasis>
(WU); Reserva Riacho Florida,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E8088D59FA18610A" box="[1300,1431,1865,1888]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-20.79861">20°47'55'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B8D7CFEA961E9" box="[151,294,1900,1923]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-59.426945">59°25'37'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EC2C8D7CFEF961E9" box="[304,374,1900,1923]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="110.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229EC2C8D7CFEF961E9" box="[304,374,1900,1923]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EC9E8D7CFDD461E9" box="[386,603,1900,1923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2007-09-19">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EC9E8D7CFDD461E9" box="[386,603,1900,1923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2007-09-19">19 September 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EF748D7CFD4661E9" box="[616,713,1900,1923]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Vogt 688</emphasis>
(FCQ). Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EE778D7CFC5461E9" box="[875,987,1900,1923]" country="Paraguay" name="Boqueron" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Boquerón</collectingRegion>
: Ayoreo-settlement “Jesudi”,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229E8388D7CFF5D61CF" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2004-01-19">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229E8388D7CFF5D61CF" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2004-01-19">19 January 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDC38D9EFECD61CF" box="[223,322,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Vogt 115</emphasis>
(FCQ); ibid.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECFE8D9EFDCB61CF" box="[482,580,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Vogt 117</emphasis>
(FCQ); Colony Fernheim,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EE9C8D9EFC3761CF" box="[896,952,1934,1957]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
from the village Hohenau,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E9E48D9EFA1961CF" box="[1272,1430,1934,1957]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="26.2" value="-22.607279">22°36'26.2'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B8DA1FEB961A2" box="[151,310,1969,1992]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="24.6" value="-59.940166">59°56'24.6'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EC5C8DA1FD8C61A2" box="[320,515,1969,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2005-02-18">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EC5C8DA1FD8C61A2" box="[320,515,1969,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2005-02-18">18 February 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EF138DA1FDE161A2" box="[527,622,1969,1992]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Vogt 197</emphasis>
(FCQ); road
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFE35229EE1E8DA1FB7961A2" box="[770,1270,1969,1992]" firstLocation="Tte. Montania" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" secondLocation="Mcal. Estigarribia">between Tte. Montania and Mcal. Estigarribía</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E81E8DA1FA1961A2" box="[1282,1430,1969,1992]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="34.6" value="-21.842945">21°50'34.6'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ED8B8DC4FEBB6181" box="[151,308,2004,2027]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="1" seconds="43.5" value="-60.14542">60°08'43.5'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EC238DC4FE416181" box="[319,462,2004,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2005-02-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EC238DC4FE416181" box="[319,462,2004,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2005-02-07">07 Feb. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECC58DC4FD4E6181" box="[473,705,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Vogt and Mereles 227</emphasis>
(FCQ). Distr. Grl. Eugenio Garay: Fortin Teniente MontaniaFortin Madrejon, km 38,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AEC7A8A88FE4A66C5" box="[358,453,152,175]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-21.75">21°45' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AECCE8A88FDB466C5" box="[466,571,152,175]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-60.0">60°00' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE0522AEF5B8A88FC8966C5" box="[583,774,152,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="1977-10-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE0522AEF5B8A88FC8966C5" box="[583,774,152,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="1977-10-12">12 October 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AEE0E8A88FC1366C5" box="[786,924,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Evrard 8117</emphasis>
(US);
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AEEF78A88FA1666C5" box="[1003,1433,152,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Distr. Mariscal José Felíx Estigarribia</collectorName>
:
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AED8B8AAAFF7C66BB" box="[151,243,186,209]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-22.033333">22°02' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AEDE38AAAFEEA66BB" box="[255,357,186,209]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-60.633335">60°38' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE0522AEC6C8AAAFD9266BB" box="[368,541,186,209]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="1936-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE0522AEC6C8AAAFD9266BB" box="[368,541,186,209]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="1936-12">December 1936</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AEF358AAAFD2C66BB" box="[553,675,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AEF358AAAFDE966BB" box="[553,614,186,209]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Rojas</collectorName>
7515
</emphasis>
(GH);
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE0522AEFED8AAAFC2D66BB" box="[753,930,186,209]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Chaco Paraguay</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E9D6049FFE0522AEEB18AAAFBED66BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE0522AEEB18AAAFBED66BB" box="[941,1122,186,209]" country="United States of America" latitude="-22.568056" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-59.585556" name="Lopez de Filippi" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" stateProvince="Chaco Paraguay">
López
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AEEEB8AAAFBED66BB" box="[1015,1122,186,209]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">de Filippi</collectorName>
</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AE9718AAAFB4666BB" box="[1133,1225,186,209]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-22.033333">22°02' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AE9CA8AAAFAB366BB" box="[1238,1340,186,209]" degrees="60" direction="west" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-60.633335">60°38' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE0522AE85B8AAAFF5E669E" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="1945-11-06">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE0522AE85B8AAAFF5E669E" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="1945-11-06">06 Nov. 1945</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AEDC28ACDFEC2669E" box="[222,333,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AEDC28ACDFE92669E" box="[222,285,221,244]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Rojas</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(LIL).
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AECB98ACDFD3B669E" box="[421,692,221,244]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Dept. Presidente Hayes</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AEFDC8ACDFC3B669E" box="[704,948,221,244]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Distr. Puerto Pinasco</collectorName>
:
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE0522AEEDC8ACDFBE9669E" box="[960,1126,221,244]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Laguna Ganso</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AE96F8ACDFB76669E" box="[1139,1273,221,244]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-22.568056">22°34'05'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE0522AE81B8ACDFA15669E" box="[1287,1434,221,244]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-59.585556">59°35'08'' W</geoCoordinate>
, (
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE0522AED828B10FF69677D" box="[158,230,256,279]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE0522AED828B10FF69677D" box="[158,230,256,279]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="FFFC1052FFE0522AEDE58B10FE48677D" box="[249,455,256,279]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="2010-12-10">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE0522AEDE58B10FE48677D" box="[249,455,256,279]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" value="2010-12-10">10 December 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AECCD8B10FDA0677D" box="[465,559,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">Vogt 970</emphasis>
(FCQ).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3D661AFFE0522AED8B8D93FE1161B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5131941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131941/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" startId="10.[151,246,1923,1945]" targetBox="[189,1398,335,1898]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE0522AED8B8D93FE1161B1" blockId="10.[151,1437,1923,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AED8B8D93FE8061F3" bold="true" box="[151,271,1923,1945]" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE0522AEC0A8D94FD8261F3" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[278,525,1924,1945]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AEC0A8D94FE0961F3" box="[278,390,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AECC88D94FD8261F3" box="[468,525,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. a: Plants in the natural habitat, Dept. Presidente Hayes, Paraguay (
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE0522AE9AB8D94FAA361F3" box="[1207,1324,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="28">C. Vogt 997</emphasis>
). b: Partial inflorescence with typical long, rose to magenta-coloured flowers. c: Rosettes, growing in the understory of semideciduous dry forest. Photos ac: Christian Vogt.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE1522BED8B8A88FE456419" blockId="11.[151,1438,152,951]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<collectingCounty id="629C4E1EFFE1522BED8B8A88FE8466C5" box="[151,267,152,175]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Specimens</collectingCounty>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE1522BEC318A88FDA366C5" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[301,556,152,175]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEC318A88FDA366C5" box="[301,556,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not assignable to one of the subspecies (due to insufficient herbarium material):—
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE1522BED8B8AACFE8766B9" box="[151,264,188,211]" name="Bolivia" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. without precise locality:
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEF028AACFD2366B9" box="[542,684,188,211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1978-07-16">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEF028AACFD2366B9" box="[542,684,188,211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1978-07-16">16 July 1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEFAB8AACFC9366B9" box="[695,796,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFE1522BEFAB8AACFD6066B9" box="[695,751,188,211]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Rauh</collectingMunicipality>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(US 00386035). Dept. Santa Cruz:
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BE9838AACFA1766B9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BE9838AACFA1766B9" box="[1183,1432,188,211]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Prov. Nuflo de Chavez" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Prov. Nuflo de Chavez</location>
:
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BED8B8ACEFF72669F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BED8B8ACEFF72669F" box="[151,253,222,245]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Lomerios" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Lomerios</location>
at
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEC008ACEFEFF669F" box="[284,368,222,245]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.59" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="359.0">359 km</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEC668ACEFE50669F" box="[378,479,222,245]" degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-59.05">59°03' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BECF58ACEFDEC669F" box="[489,611,222,245]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BECF58ACEFDEC669F" box="[489,611,222,245]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="350.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="300.0">300400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEF728ACEFCAC669F" box="[622,803,222,245]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1999-10-30">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEF728ACEFCAC669F" box="[622,803,222,245]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1999-10-30">30 October 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEE308ACEFB84669F" box="[812,1035,222,245]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Agreda and Wood 30</emphasis>
(USZ). Prov. Caballero:
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BE80F8ACEFA0F669F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BE80F8ACEFA0F669F" box="[1299,1408,222,245]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Comarapa" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Comarapa</location>
to Vallegrande,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEC348B11FE096772" box="[296,390,257,280]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-17.916666">17°55' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEC8E8B11FE766772" box="[402,505,257,280]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-64.5">64°30' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEF198B11FDD66772" box="[517,601,257,280]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="2100.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BEF198B11FDD66772" box="[517,601,257,280]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="2100.0">2100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEF798B11FC976772" box="[613,792,257,280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1947-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEF798B11FC976772" box="[613,792,257,280]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1947-11">November 1947</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEE398B11FC446772" box="[805,971,257,280]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Cárdenas 4007</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE1522BEEC78B11FB8D6772" box="[987,1026,257,280]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">US</collectingCountry>
);
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BE90B8B11FBC16772" box="[1047,1102,257,280]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
(air line)
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFE1522BE9A18B11FA186772" box="[1213,1431,257,280]" location="Comarapa" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">WSW of Comarapa</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BED8B8B34FF6E6751" box="[151,225,292,315]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="2.9">2.9 km</quantity>
by road from highway at
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BECE78B34FDE36751" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BECE78B34FDE36751" box="[507,620,292,315]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Comarapa" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Comarapa</location>
, on gravel road to Chilón,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEE918B34FC666751" box="[909,1001,292,315]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-17.916666">17°55' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEEEA8B34FBD36751" box="[1014,1116,292,315]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-64.55">64°33' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BE97A8B34FB356751" box="[1126,1210,292,315]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1960.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BE97A8B34FB356751" box="[1126,1210,292,315]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1960.0">1960 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BE9D98B34FA176751" box="[1221,1432,292,315]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1999-11-26">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BE9D98B34FA176751" box="[1221,1432,292,315]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1999-11-26">26 November 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BED8B8B56FE846737" box="[151,267,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Nee 50662</emphasis>
(NY, USZ);
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BEC8A8B56FE656737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BEC8A8B56FE656737" box="[406,490,326,349]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Saipina" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Saipina</location>
;
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFE1522BECE98B56FD606737" box="[501,751,326,349]" location="Los Thacras" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BECE98B56FDA46737" box="[501,555,326,349]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
E of Los Thacras
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEFE68B56FCF46737" box="[762,891,326,349]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-18.054998">18°03'18'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEE9B8B56FB9E6737" box="[903,1041,326,349]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-64.56111">64°33'40'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BE9008B56FBE06737" box="[1052,1135,326,349]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1660.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BE9008B56FBE06737" box="[1052,1135,326,349]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1660.0">1660 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BE9678B56FABF6737" box="[1147,1328,326,349]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1995-01-20">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BE9678B56FABF6737" box="[1147,1328,326,349]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1995-01-20">20 January 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BE8278B56FF3067EA" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Balcazar 100</emphasis>
(USZ);
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEC058B79FEC067EA" box="[281,335,361,384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
from
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE1522BEC8E8B79FD8F67EA" box="[402,512,361,384]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BEC8E8B79FE6A67EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BEC8E8B79FE6A67EA" box="[402,485,361,384]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Saipina" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Saipina</location>
, E
</collectorName>
side of
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BEF448B79FD5567EA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BEF448B79FD5567EA" box="[600,730,361,384]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Rio Mizque" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Río Mizque</location>
, near archaeological pictograph site,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BE9778B79FB4867EA" box="[1131,1223,361,384]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-18.083334">18°05' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BE9C88B79FAB667EA" box="[1236,1337,361,384]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-64.583336">64°35' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BE8588B79FA1867EA" box="[1348,1431,361,384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1450.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BE8588B79FA1867EA" box="[1348,1431,361,384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1450.0">1450 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BED8B8B9CFEC667C9" box="[151,329,396,419]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1987-08-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BED8B8B9CFEC667C9" box="[151,329,396,419]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1987-08-07">07 August 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEC488B9CFDEC67C9" box="[340,611,396,419]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Nee and Coimbra 35574</emphasis>
(NY);
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFE1522BEFAF8B9CFC0267C9" box="[691,909,396,419]" location="Saipina" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEFAF8B9CFD7167C9" box="[691,766,396,419]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="5.4">5.4 km</quantity>
E of Saipina
</locationDeviation>
on road to Pulquina,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BE9608B9CFB7067C9" box="[1148,1279,396,419]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-18.09389">18°05'38'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BE8108B9CFA1567C9" box="[1292,1434,396,419]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-64.54278">64°32'34'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BED8B8BBEFF6567AF" box="[151,234,430,453]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1465.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BED8B8BBEFF6567AF" box="[151,234,430,453]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.465" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1465.0">1465 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEDE88BBEFE4F67AF" box="[244,448,430,453]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="2005-12-10">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEDE88BBEFE4F67AF" box="[244,448,430,453]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="2005-12-10">10 December 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BECD68BBEFDF767AF" box="[458,632,430,453]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Nee et al. 53741</emphasis>
(NY). Prov. Cordillera: Estancia Isla Verde, vicinity of
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BE9D88BBEFA1767AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BE9D88BBEFA1767AF" box="[1220,1432,430,453]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Banados del Izozog" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Bañados del Izozog</location>
,
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BED8B8BC1FE916782" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BED8B8BC1FE916782" box="[151,286,465,488]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Rio Parapeti" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Río Parapeti</location>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEC358BC1FEE36782" box="[297,364,465,488]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
air line NE of the Estancia,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEF808BC1FD776782" box="[668,760,465,488]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-19.416666">19°25' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEE188BC1FCE46782" box="[772,875,465,488]" degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-62.666668">62°40' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEE6F8BC1FC366782" box="[883,953,465,488]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="300.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BEE6F8BC1FC366782" box="[883,953,465,488]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEED88BC1FBFD6782" box="[964,1138,465,488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1997-08-17">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEED88BC1FBFD6782" box="[964,1138,465,488]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1997-08-17">17 August 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BE9608BC1FA136782" box="[1148,1436,465,488]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE1522BE9608BC1FB5E6782" authorityName="Peckham &amp; Peckham" authorityYear="1894" box="[1148,1233,465,488]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Fuentes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Fuentes</taxonomicName>
and Navarro 1992
</emphasis>
(USZ); Hacienda Yatihuiwa,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BECFE8BE4FDCC6461" box="[482,579,500,523]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-19.883333">19°53' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEF4C8BE4FD336461" box="[592,700,500,523]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-63.516666">63°31' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEFDB8BE4FC806461" box="[711,783,500,523]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="870.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BEFDB8BE4FC806461" box="[711,783,500,523]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="870.0">870 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEE008BE4FC3E6461" box="[796,945,500,523]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1998-07-25">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEE008BE4FC3E6461" box="[796,945,500,523]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1998-07-25">25 July 1998</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEEA28BE4FB196461" box="[958,1174,500,523]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Portugal et al. 198</emphasis>
(LPB); Estancia Cerro
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE1522BED8B8806FF726447" box="[151,253,534,557]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Colorado</collectingRegion>
, near Cerro
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE1522BEC618806FE6C6447" box="[381,483,534,557]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Colorado</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BECF18806FD356447" box="[493,698,534,557]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1993-12-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BECF18806FD356447" box="[493,698,534,557]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1993-12-12">12 December 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEFD88806FCD76447" box="[708,856,534,557]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Navarro 2153</emphasis>
(USZ). Dept. Tarija: Prov. Gran Chaco: Palos Blancos
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BED8B8829FF42643A" box="[151,205,569,592]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
towards Puerto Margarita via
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BEF0A8829FD36643A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BEF0A8829FD36643A" box="[534,697,569,592]" country="Bolivia" county="Specimens" latitude="-21.416666" longLatPrecision="1264" longitude="-63.75" municipality="Rauh" name="Rio Pilcomayo" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Colorado">Rio Pilcomayo</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEFD88829FCAF643A" box="[708,800,569,592]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-21.416666">21°25' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEE308829FC1B643A" box="[812,916,569,592]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="925" value="-63.75">63°45' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEE818829FC6C643A" box="[925,995,569,592]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="625.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BEE818829FC6C643A" box="[925,995,569,592]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="625.0">625 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEEF38829FB31643A" box="[1007,1214,569,592]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1983-12-24">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEEF38829FB31643A" box="[1007,1214,569,592]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1983-12-24">24 December 1983</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BE9D58829FF436419" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Beck and Liberman 9727</emphasis>
(LPB (2 sheets), USZ).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE1522BEDDA886EFF5664D1" blockId="11.[151,1438,152,951]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE1522BEDDA886EFED064FD" box="[198,351,638,663]" name="Paraguay" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
: Near Mayor Santa Cruz,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEF8B886EFCD064FD" box="[663,863,638,663]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="1980-10-22">22 October 1980</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEE72886EFBF564FD" box="[878,1146,638,663]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Fernández Casas 4405</emphasis>
(NY); s.d.,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BE810886EFA1364FD" box="[1292,1436,638,663]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Collins 9-19</emphasis>
(GH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE1522BEDDA88D7FCFE64B5" blockId="11.[151,1438,152,951]" box="[198,881,710,735]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
s. loco:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEC0288D7FE1564B4" box="[286,410,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Arenas s.n.</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE1522BECB588D6FE4164B5" box="[425,462,710,735]" name="United States of America" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">US</collectingCountry>
2825570);
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEF5388D6FD3D64B4" box="[591,690,710,735]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">coll. ign.</emphasis>
(HEID 600156).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE1522BEDDA88FAFABA65DD" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE1522BEDDA88FAFABA65DD" blockId="11.[151,1438,152,951]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
Putative hybrid zones between the subspecies have been observed, e.g. in the border region of
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE1522BE80E88FAFA176569" box="[1298,1432,746,771]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE1522BED8B891EFE98654D" box="[151,279,782,807]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE1522BEC4D891EFE68654D" box="[337,487,782,807]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE1522BECE4891EFDDC654D" box="[504,595,782,807]" name="Bolivia" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
), where neighbouring populations showed gradual differences in certain characters (e.g., pedicel length). Sometimes different characters states (e.g., flower colour) were even found in the same population. Putative hybrids: Prov. Vallegrande: Road from Vallegrande to Villa Serrano, between Pucara and the bridge
<collectorName id="26B75344FFE1522BEC0C896AFDDB65F9" box="[272,596,890,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<location id="8E9D6049FFE1522BEC0C896AFEC165F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFE3522BED8B8896FABA65DD:8E9D6049FFE1522BEC0C896AFEC165F9" box="[272,334,890,915]" country="Bolivia" latitude="-18.705557" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.27778" municipality="Rio Grande" name="Santa" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Santa</location>
Rosa over
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFE1522BECD3896AFDDB65F9" box="[463,596,890,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">Río Grande</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEF7C896AFD6565F9" box="[608,746,890,915]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-18.705557">18°4220 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE1522BEFE4896AFC0365F8" box="[760,908,890,915]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-64.27778">64°1640 W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE1522BEE8B896AFC6065F8" box="[919,1007,890,915]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1470.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE1522BEE8B896AFC6065F8" box="[919,1007,890,915]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1470.0">1470 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE1522BEEE0896AFB5865F9" box="[1020,1239,890,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="2009-09-29">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE1522BEEE0896AFB5865F9" box="[1020,1239,890,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="29" value="2009-09-29">29 September 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BE9F9896AFF4E65DD" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE1522BE9F9896AFAA165F9" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1253,1326,890,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09- 004
</emphasis>
(FR, LPB); ibid.:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEC92898EFDE265DD" box="[398,621,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE1522BEC92898EFE5865DD" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[398,471,926,951]" pageId="11" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-005
</emphasis>
(LPB);
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BEFD4898EFC2865DD" box="[712,935,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE1522BEFD4898EFC9E65DD" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[712,785,926,951]" pageId="11" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-006
</emphasis>
(LPB);
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE1522BE91F898EFB6E65DD" box="[1027,1249,926,951]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE1522BE91F898EFBC365DD" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1027,1100,926,951]" pageId="11" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-007
</emphasis>
(LPB).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="3945A12697E6EFCCDB9A0E8FA047561B">Deuterocohnia meziana (Bromeliaceae): subspecies classification and the description of the new subspecies D. meziana subsp. vogtii from northern Paraguay</mods:title>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03EB8784FFEB5222ED8B8E2DFA1460DE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEB5222ED8B8E2DFA1460DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB8784FFEB5222ED8B8E2DFA1460DE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEB5221ED8B8E2DFD53623C" box="[151,732,1085,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEB5221ED8B8E2DFD53623C" blockId="1.[151,732,1085,1110]" box="[151,732,1085,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEB5221ED8B8E2DFD57623C" ID-CoL="6CPH9" authority="Kuntze ex Mez (1896: 465)" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityPageNumber="465" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,728,1085,1110]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ED8B8E2DFE10623F" box="[151,415,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
Kuntze ex
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFEB5221EF008E2EFD57623C" author="Mez, C." box="[540,728,1085,1110]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 990" refId="ref9500" refString="Mez, C. (1896) Bromeliaceae. In De Candolle, C., (ed.) Monographiae Phanerogamarum IX. Masson &amp; C ie., Paris, pp. 1 - 990." type="book chapter" year="1896">Mez (1896: 465)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEB5221ED8A8E95FA1462F1" box="[150,1435,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEB5221ED8A8E95FA1462F1" blockId="1.[150,1435,1157,1179]" box="[150,1435,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">
<location id="8E9D6049FFEB5221ED8A8E95FF4462F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEB5222ED8B8E2DFA1460DE:8E9D6049FFEB5221ED8A8E95FF4462F1" box="[150,203,1157,1179]" country="Brazil" county="Corumba" municipality="Mato-Grosso" name="Type" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Type</location>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCFFFEB5221EDF58E95FA9D62F1" box="[233,1298,1157,1179]" collectingDate="1892-08" collectionCode="NY" collectorName="Kuntze" country="Brazil" location="Corumba" municipality="Corumba" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato-Grosso" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEB5221EDF58E95FEC762F1" box="[233,328,1157,1179]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EC4D8E95FE5462F1" box="[337,475,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Mato-Grosso</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFEB5221ECF88E95FDCA62F1" box="[484,581,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Corumbá</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFEB5221EF538E95FD5C62F1" box="[591,723,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" value="1892-08">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFEB5221EF538E95FD5C62F1" box="[591,723,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" value="1892-08">August 1892</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EFC28E96FCC162F1" box="[734,846,1158,1179]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">
<collectorName id="26B75344FFEB5221EFC28E96FCAB62F1" box="[734,804,1158,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Kuntze</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFEB5221EE478E95FC3662F1" box="[859,953,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED53AE57FFEB5221EEDE8E95FC6362F1" box="[962,1004,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">NY</collectionCode>
! (2 sheets), photo in GH!, R!
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCFFFEB5221E8018E95FA0262F1" box="[1309,1421,1157,1179]" collectingDate="1892-08" collectionCode="B" collectorName="Kuntze" country="Brazil" location="Corumba" municipality="Corumba" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mato-Grosso" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFEB5221E8018E95FAE562F1" box="[1309,1386,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">isotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED53AE57FFEB5221E8688E95FA0562F1" box="[1396,1418,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">B</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEB5221ED8B8ED7FB0F6149" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEB5221ED8B8ED7FB0F6149" blockId="1.[151,1437,1223,1935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ED8B8ED7FF50628A" box="[151,223,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Plants</emphasis>
evergreen herbaceous chamaephytes, polycarpic, terrestrial or saxicolous, acaulescent or caulescent, often forming groups of plants by sympodial branching.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EFCB8EFDFCAA636E" box="[727,805,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Leaves</emphasis>
numerous, rosulate.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E90E8EFDFBFF636E" box="[1042,1136,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Rosettes</emphasis>
2070 ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221E9C18EFCFAD06369" box="[1245,1375,1260,1285]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="62.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="25.0">25100 cm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E8768EFCFF606342" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Leaf sheaths</emphasis>
35 ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EC598F1FFE21634D" box="[325,430,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="8.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.0">610 cm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ECA78F1FFDCB6342" box="[443,580,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Leaf blades</emphasis>
2580 (100) ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EE138F1FFCE7634D" box="[783,872,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="4.0">49 cm</quantity>
, recurved, abaxially convex, adaxially plane to concave, lepidote mainly on the abaxial surface, greenish or greyish, spinose-serrate, spines greenish to brownish,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221ED8B8F47FE8B6305" box="[151,260,1367,1392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="4.0">410 mm</quantity>
, antrorse or retrorse.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ECEE8F47FDD5631A" box="[498,602,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Peduncle</emphasis>
present,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EFDC8F47FCB26305" box="[704,829,1367,1392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="90.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="60.0">60120 cm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EE478F47FC476305" box="[859,968,1367,1392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">510 mm</quantity>
, erect, perennial, woody.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E9FB8F47FA13631A" box="[1255,1436,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Peduncle bracts</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221ED8B8F6CFF6363F9" box="[151,236,1404,1429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">58 cm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EC108F6CFEE263F9" box="[268,365,1404,1429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">58 mm</quantity>
, upper ones shorter than the internodes, entire or spinose-serrate, spines brownish,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221E82A8F6CFA1763F9" box="[1334,1432,1404,1429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">12 mm</quantity>
, antrorse.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EDE38FB2FE1A63D1" box="[255,405,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Inflorescence</emphasis>
branched,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EF0D8FB2FD0F63D0" box="[529,640,1442,1467]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="40.0">4070 cm</quantity>
long, compound, perennial, branches of 1
<superScript id="7C379BDAFFEB5221E9468F8FFBEB63C7" attach="left" box="[1114,1124,1439,1453]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">st</superScript>
to 4
<superScript id="7C379BDAFFEB5221E98A8F8FFB2D63C7" attach="left" box="[1174,1186,1439,1453]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">th</superScript>
order.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E9ED8FB3FA1363D1" box="[1265,1436,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Primary bracts</emphasis>
34 ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EDFD8FD6FECE63B4" box="[225,321,1478,1503]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 mm</quantity>
, shorter than the sterile base of the primary branches, triangular to ovate, narrowly acute to acute, entire, glabrous. Primary branches up to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EF418FFAFD2D6068" box="[605,674,1514,1539]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="cm" value="40.0">40 cm</quantity>
long, ascending to inclined, laxely flowered spikes or racemes, axis visible, 1040-flowered.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ECA78C1EFDDA604D" box="[443,597,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Floral bracts</emphasis>
12 (5) ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EFFD8C1EFCCD604C" box="[737,834,1550,1575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">34 mm</quantity>
, much shorter than the sepals, broadly ovate, acute, mucronate, glabrous, reddish or brownish.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EF668C22FD596021" box="[634,726,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Flowers</emphasis>
(20)
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EE3D8C22FC156020" box="[801,922,1586,1611]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">3050 mm</quantity>
long, tubular, sessile to distinctly pedicellate, pedicels
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EDE78C46FEF46004" box="[251,379,1622,1647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="7.75" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="0.5">0.515 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ECD88C46FD816005" box="[452,526,1622,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Sepals</emphasis>
(7)
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EF508C46FD4A6004" box="[588,709,1622,1647]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">1020 mm</quantity>
×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EFF88C46FCCC6004" box="[740,835,1622,1647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">56 mm</quantity>
, ovate to lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous, with greenish, orange or reddish colours.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ECD48C6AFD8160F9" box="[456,526,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Petals</emphasis>
(20) 3045 (50) ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EE1B8C6AFCFA60F8" box="[775,885,1658,1683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">710 mm</quantity>
, erect during anthesis, afterwards conspicuously spirally twisted, with yellowish, orange or reddish colours, with greenish apex.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E9358C8EFB7A60DD" box="[1065,1269,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Petal appendages</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221E9E18C8EFAD560DC" box="[1277,1370,1694,1719]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">46 mm</quantity>
long, with short fringes.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EC688CD2FE6860B1" box="[372,487,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Filaments</emphasis>
(15)
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EF2A8CD2FD3E60B0" box="[566,689,1730,1755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="25.0">2535 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EFE08CD2FCD960B1" box="[764,854,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Anthers</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EE428CD2FC4A60B0" box="[862,965,1730,1755]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">45 mm</quantity>
long, erect, greenish.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E9D58CD2FA9B60B1" box="[1225,1300,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Pollen</emphasis>
in monads, oblate, sulcate.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EC528CF7FE196094" box="[334,406,1767,1790]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Ovary</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EC828CF6FE726094" box="[414,509,1766,1791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">35 mm</quantity>
long.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EF558CF6FD0F6095" box="[585,640,1766,1791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Style</emphasis>
(15)
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EFD38CF6FCC36094" box="[719,844,1766,1791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="25.0">2540 mm</quantity>
long, filiform.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221E91E8CF8FBC66095" box="[1026,1097,1768,1791]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Fruits</emphasis>
1012 ×
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221E9A78CF6FA926094" box="[1211,1309,1766,1791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">68 mm</quantity>
, brownish.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221ED8B8D1AFF586149" box="[151,215,1802,1827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Seeds</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEB5221EDC18D1AFEB56148" box="[221,314,1802,1827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">34 mm</quantity>
long, fusiform, dorsally and apically alate, brownish, the appendage fawn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEB5221EDDA8D3EFE8961E4" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEB5221EDDA8D3EFE8961E4" blockId="1.[151,1437,1223,1935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEB5221EDDA8D3EFEED612D" bold="true" box="[198,354,1838,1863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEB5221EC638D3EFE7B612D" box="[383,500,1838,1863]" name="Bolivia" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. Depts.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EF4D8D3EFD69612D" box="[593,742,1838,1863]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EFEE8D3EFCF7612D" box="[754,888,1838,1863]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EE988D3EFB8B612D" box="[900,1028,1838,1863]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221E90D8D3EFBD9612D" box="[1041,1110,1838,1863]" country="Bolivia" name="Tarija" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Tarija</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEB5221E97D8D3EFB45612D" box="[1121,1226,1838,1863]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. Est.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221E8168D3FFF676101" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEB5221EDEA8D42FE1A6101" box="[246,405,1874,1899]" name="Paraguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
. Depts.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221ECE58D42FD266101" box="[505,681,1874,1899]" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Alto Paraguay</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EFAB8D42FCBB6101" box="[695,820,1874,1899]" country="Paraguay" name="Amambay" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Amambay</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EE5D8D42FC356101" box="[833,954,1874,1899]" country="Paraguay" name="Boqueron" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Boquerón</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEB5221EED48D42FBD36101" box="[968,1116,1874,1899]" country="Paraguay" name="Concepcion" pageId="1" pageNumber="19">Concepción</collectingRegion>
. 14°30
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFEB5221E9D48D42FAA06101" box="[1224,1327,1874,1899]" degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="-22.75">22°45' S</geoCoordinate>
; 56°00
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFEB5221ED8B8D66FE8E61E4" box="[151,257,1910,1935]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="19" precision="925" value="-65.25">65°15' W</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3D661AFFE85222ED8B8E59FD436235" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5131933" box="[151,716,1097,1119]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131933/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" startId="2.[151,244,1097,1119]" targetBox="[171,1412,187,1054]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8E59FD436235" blockId="2.[151,716,1097,1119]" box="[151,716,1097,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222ED8B8E59FE826235" bold="true" box="[151,269,1097,1119]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE85222ECBA8E5AFD9C6235" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[422,531,1098,1119]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222ECBA8E5AFD9C6235" box="[422,531,1098,1119]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its subspecies.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE85222ED8B8E9FFE1F62C2" box="[151,400,1167,1192]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8E9FFE1F62C2" blockId="2.[151,400,1167,1192]" box="[151,400,1167,1192]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="D0B581FEFFE85222ED8B8E9FFE1F62C2" bold="true" box="[151,400,1167,1192]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222ED8B8E9FFE1F62C2" bold="true" box="[151,400,1167,1192]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Key to the subspecies</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE85222ED8B8EC2FA1460DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" type="key">
<key id="FFD361A3FFE85222ED8B8EC2FA1460DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyStep id="30B62E37FFE85222ED8B8EC2FA136308" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8EC2FA13634F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1234,1317]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="30B395A7FFE85222ED8B8EC2FA13634F" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
1. Sepals orange, petals orange to yellow with green tip. Lower eastern Andean slopes and lowlands of SE
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE85222E9FF8EC2FAA16282" box="[1251,1326,1234,1256]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
(Chiquitania), Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222EC248EE0FE26636C" box="[312,425,1264,1286]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
, adjacent areas in W
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE85222EF628EE0FD33636C" box="[638,700,1264,1286]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and southwards along the Río
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE85222EEEE8EE1FBDF636C" box="[1010,1104,1265,1286]" name="Paraguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
to N
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE85222E99B8EE1FB69636C" box="[1159,1254,1265,1286]" name="Paraguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222E8318EE0FA18636C" box="[1325,1431,1264,1286]" country="Paraguay" name="Amambay" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Amambay</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222EDDB8F1FFECC634F" box="[199,323,1295,1317]" country="Paraguay" name="Concepcion" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Concepción</collectingRegion>
. At elevations from
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE85222EF0C8F1FFD2C634F" box="[528,675,1295,1317]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="775.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="150.0">150 to 1400 m</quantity>
...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE85222E9298F00FAC5634F" authority="subsp. meziana" box="[1077,1354,1295,1317]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E9298F00FB27634F" box="[1077,1192,1296,1317]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E9E98F00FAC5634F" box="[1269,1354,1296,1317]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A17FFE85222E84B8F1FFA1B634F" box="[1367,1428,1295,1317]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1551,1573]" captionTargetBox="[206,1382,196,1529]" captionTargetId="figure-199@3.[203,1383,195,1530]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. D. meziana subsp. meziana. a: Natural habitat, Dept. Santa Cruz, Bolivia (N. Schütz 09-001). b: Mature plant growing on a rocky slope. c: Partial inflorescence with orange-greenish coloured flowers." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131935/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8F5DFA136308" blockId="2.[151,1436,1356,1378]" box="[151,1436,1356,1378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="30B395A7FFE85222ED8B8F5DFA136308" box="[151,1436,1356,1378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">- Flowers differently coloured ................................................................................................................................................. 2.</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30B62E37FFE85222ED8B8F9AFA146396" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8F9AFA1363D4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1418,1470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="30B395A7FFE85222ED8B8F9AFA1363D4" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
2.
<location id="8E9D6049FFE85222EDD48F9AFE8563CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEB5222ED8B8E2DFA1460DE:8E9D6049FFE85222EDD48F9AFE8563CA" box="[200,266,1418,1440]" country="Bolivia" county="At" municipality="Inter-Andean" name="Sepals" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Sepals</location>
green, petals yellow with green tip; flowers shortly to conspicuously pedicellate (to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE85222E97F8F9AFB2063F5" box="[1123,1199,1418,1440]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
).
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFE85222E9DC8F9AFAC963CA" box="[1216,1350,1418,1440]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Inter-Andean</collectingMunicipality>
dry valleys of
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222EC0D8FB8FE0563D4" box="[273,394,1448,1470]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE85222EC888FB8FE6D63D4" box="[404,482,1448,1470]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingCounty id="629C4E1EFFE85222ECF78FB8FD8B63D4" box="[491,516,1448,1470]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">At</collectingCounty>
elevations from
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE85222EFB38FB8FCCC63D4" box="[687,835,1448,1470]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1150.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="900.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE85222EFB38FB8FCCC63D4" box="[687,835,1448,1470]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1150.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="900.0">900 to 1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.................................
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE85222E9058FB9FAC563D4" authorityName="N. Schutz" baseAuthorityName="Till" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[1049,1354,1448,1470]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E9058FB9FB0263D4" box="[1049,1165,1449,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E9C58FB8FAC563D4" box="[1241,1354,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A17FFE85222E84B8FB8FA1A63D4" box="[1367,1429,1448,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,244,1783,1805]" captionTargetBox="[205,1382,175,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-127@8.[204,1382,171,1770]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. D. meziana subsp. pedicellata. a: Natural habitat, Dept. Chuquisaca, Bolivia (N. Schütz 09-009). b: Mature plant bearing a laxely flowered inflorescence. c: Conspicuously pedicellate flowers. d: Habitat, valley of Río Grande. e: Rosette." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131939/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8FF7FA146396" blockId="2.[151,1435,1510,1532]" box="[151,1435,1510,1532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="30B395A7FFE85222ED8B8FF7FA146396" box="[151,1435,1510,1532]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
- Flowers reddish, sessile to shortly pedicellate (to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE85222EFA08FF6FD776396" box="[700,760,1510,1532]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
) ..................................................................................................... 3.
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30B62E37FFE85222ED8B8C33FA1460DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8C33FA136032" blockId="2.[151,1436,1571,1624]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="30B395A7FFE85222ED8B8C33FA136032" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
3.
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFE85222EDD48C33FE856053" box="[200,266,1571,1593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Sepals</collectingMunicipality>
rose, petals rose to magenta with green tip; N of
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE85222EE048C34FCF96053" box="[792,886,1572,1593]" name="Paraguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
(Grand Chaco), Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222E97B8C34FB426053" box="[1127,1229,1572,1593]" country="Paraguay" name="Boqueron" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Boqueron</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222E9C68C33FAE16053" box="[1242,1390,1571,1593]" country="Paraguay" name="Alto Paraguay" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Alto Paraguay</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222EDDB8C52FEF6603D" box="[199,377,1602,1624]" country="Paraguay" name="Presidente Hayes" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Presidente Hayes</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8E9D6049FFE85222EC9E8C52FE146032" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEB5222ED8B8E2DFA1460DE:8E9D6049FFE85222EC9E8C52FE146032" box="[386,411,1602,1624]" country="Paraguay" municipality="Sepals" name="At" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" stateProvince="Boqueron">At</location>
elevations from
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE85222EF5B8C52FD42603D" box="[583,717,1602,1624]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="200.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="100.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE85222EF5B8C52FD42603D" box="[583,717,1602,1624]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="200.0" valueMax="300.0" valueMin="100.0">100 to 300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
............................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE85222E94C8C53FAC56032" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1104,1354,1602,1624]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E94C8C53FB4C6032" box="[1104,1219,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E80C8C53FAC56032" box="[1296,1354,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A17FFE85222E84B8C52FA1B6032" box="[1367,1428,1602,1624]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,246,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,335,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-128@10.[188,1398,335,1902]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. D. meziana subsp. vogtii. a: Plants in the natural habitat, Dept. Presidente Hayes, Paraguay (C. Vogt 997). b: Partial inflorescence with typical long, rose to magenta-coloured flowers. c: Rosettes, growing in the understory of semideciduous dry forest. Photos ac: Christian Vogt." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131941" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131941/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE85222ED8B8C90FA1460DE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1663,1716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
<keyLead id="30B395A7FFE85222ED8B8C90FA1460DE" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">
- Sepals magenta to carmine, petals magenta to carmine with green tip. Bolivian Andes, close to the Andean knee, Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE85222EDDB8C8EFE6060DE" box="[199,495,1694,1716]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Cochabamba and Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
. At elevations from
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE85222EFA18C8EFCD360DE" box="[701,860,1694,1716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="1300.0">1300 to 2200 m</quantity>
............
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE85222EEA68C8FFBA360DE" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[954,1068,1695,1716]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222EEA68C8FFBA360DE" box="[954,1068,1695,1716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE85222E9668C8EFAC560DE" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[1146,1354,1694,1716]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE85222E9668C8EFAC560DE" box="[1146,1354,1694,1716]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13792A17FFE85222E84B8C8EFA1B60DE" box="[1367,1428,1694,1716]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,244,1862,1884]" captionTargetBox="[217,1370,200,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-73@6.[212,1376,191,1841]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. D. meziana subsp. carmineo-viridiflora. a: Natural habitat, Dept. Santa Cruz, Bolivia (N. Schütz 06-002). b and c: Mature plant and flowers with carmine-greenish petals. d and e: Plant (L. Hromadnik 5030) growing in the BGHD, collected in the Dept. Cochabamba, Bolivia. Photos d, e: Timm Stolten." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131937/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
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<mods:title id="3BC853AB1FD8414DA81F4F66C9DFE3D3">Deuterocohnia meziana (Bromeliaceae): subspecies classification and the description of the new subspecies D. meziana subsp. vogtii from northern Paraguay</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227ED8B8C0FFC236052" ID-CoL="5GV6F" authority="(Till 2004: 42) N. Schutz" authorityName="N. Schutz" baseAuthorityName="Till" baseAuthorityPageNumber="42" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[151,940,1567,1592]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B8C0FFD096052" bold="true" box="[151,646,1567,1592]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B8C0FFD8E6052" box="[151,513,1567,1592]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B8C0FFE216052" bold="true" box="[151,430,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EF158C0FFD096052" bold="true" box="[521,646,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">pedicellata</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFED5227EF8A8C0FFCA16052" author="Till, W." box="[662,814,1567,1592]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" pagination="41 - 43" refId="ref9783" refString="Till, W. (2004) An unusual new species of Deuterocohnia (Pitcairnioideae) from Bolivia. Vidalia 2 (2): 41 - 43." type="journal article" year="2004">Till 2004: 42</bibRefCitation>
) N. Schütz
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EEA88C31FB0B6052" box="[948,1156,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">stat. et comb. nov.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227E9BF8C31FA136052" authority="W. Till" authorityName="W. Till" authorityYear="2004" box="[1187,1436,1567,1592]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E9BF8C31FACD6052" box="[1187,1346,1567,1592]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">D. pedicellata</emphasis>
W. Till
</taxonomicName>
(basionym).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227ED8A8C78FD7E60D1" blockId="7.[150,1438,1567,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCFFFED5227ED8A8C78FD8460D1" collectingDate="2001-10-21" collectionCode="WU" collectorName="Vargas" country="Bolivia" elevation="1200" latitude="-18.900833" location="30 km after crossing the Rio Grande on the road from Vallegrande to Villa Serrano, 18 km before Siberia al Nuevo Mundo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Prov. Belisario Boeto" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chuquisaca" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EDF58C78FEDB6014" box="[233,340,1640,1662]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFED5227EC878C78FD9A6014" box="[411,533,1640,1662]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
:
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,
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after crossing the Río Grande on the road from Vallegrande to Villa Serrano,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EC618C96FE3360F6" box="[381,444,1670,1692]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
before Siberia al Nuevo Mundo
</location>
,
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,
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,
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,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E98A8C96FAC660F6" box="[1174,1353,1670,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2001-10-21">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E98A8C96FAC660F6" box="[1174,1353,1670,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2001-10-21">21 October 2001</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26B75344FFED5227E84A8C97FA1160F6" box="[1366,1438,1671,1692]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Vargas</collectorName>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EDDB8CB5FF7560D1" box="[199,250,1701,1723]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">6285</emphasis>
(
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:
<collectionCode id="ED53AE57FFED5227EC728CB5FE1260D1" box="[366,413,1701,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">WU</collectionCode>
! (5 sheets)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCFFFED5227EF098CB5FD2860D1" box="[533,679,1701,1723]" collectingDate="2001-10-21" collectionCode="LPB" collectorName="Vargas" country="Bolivia" elevation="1200" latitude="-18.900833" location="30 km after crossing the Rio Grande on the road from Vallegrande to Villa Serrano, 18 km before Siberia al Nuevo Mundo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Prov. Belisario Boeto" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chuquisaca" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227EF098CB5FDE360D1" box="[533,620,1701,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">isotypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED53AE57FFED5227EF6A8CB6FD2860D1" box="[630,679,1702,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">LPB</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCFFFED5227EFAC8CB5FD6960D1" box="[688,742,1701,1723]" collectingDate="2001-10-21" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Vargas" country="Bolivia" elevation="1200" latitude="-18.900833" location="30 km after crossing the Rio Grande on the road from Vallegrande to Villa Serrano, 18 km before Siberia al Nuevo Mundo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Prov. Belisario Boeto" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chuquisaca" typeStatus="isotype">
<collectionCode id="ED53AE57FFED5227EFAC8CB5FD6E60D1" box="[688,737,1701,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">MO</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFED5227ED8B8CF1FD5B612B" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227ED8B8CF1FD5B612B" blockId="7.[151,1437,1761,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
Leaf blade length
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EC7B8CF1FE546093" box="[359,475,1761,1786]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="cm" value="65.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="50.0">5080 cm</quantity>
. Inflorescence lax, many-flowered. Floral bracts inconspicuous. Flowers
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E83F8CF1FA146093" box="[1315,1435,1761,1786]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="23.0">2328 mm</quantity>
long (without pedicel), shortly to conspicuously pedicellate, pedicels up to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EEC78D15FBA26177" box="[987,1069,1797,1822]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
. Sepals
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E99A8D15FB7E6177" box="[1158,1265,1797,1822]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">710 mm</quantity>
long, greenish. Petals
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EDFD8D39FED5612B" box="[225,346,1833,1858]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">2025 mm</quantity>
long, yellow, with greenish apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFED5227EDDA8D5DFBDA610F" box="[198,1109,1869,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8D5DFBDA610F" blockId="7.[151,1437,1761,2038]" box="[198,1109,1869,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EDDA8D5DFED7610C" bold="true" box="[198,344,1869,1894]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Distribution</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EC668D5DFE7B610C" box="[378,500,1869,1894]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
: Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFED5227EF5F8D5DFD46610C" box="[579,713,1869,1894]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
. 18°30'
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE308D5DFC0B610C" box="[812,900,1869,1894]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-19.0">19°00'S</geoCoordinate>
; 64°15'
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EEF98D5DFBDF610F" box="[997,1104,1869,1894]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-64.5">64°30' W</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFED5227EDDA8D61FBA761BB" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8D61FBA761BB" blockId="7.[151,1437,1761,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EDDA8D61FE3A61E0" bold="true" box="[198,437,1905,1930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Habitat and ecology</emphasis>
:—Ecoregion: Bolivian montane dry forests. At elevations of
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E9798D61FB7A61E3" box="[1125,1269,1905,1930]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1150.0" valueMax="1400.0" valueMin="900.0">9001400 m</quantity>
. Terrestrial, on slopes in dry forests of Intern-Andean valleys. Flowers reported in October and November. Pollinated probably by hummingbirds and insects as it is the case for the other subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EEBD8DAAFBAF61BB" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[929,1056,1978,2001]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EEBD8DAAFBAF61BB" box="[929,1056,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFED5227EDDA8DCDFB7E619C" box="[198,1265,2013,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8DCDFB7E619C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1761,2038]" box="[198,1265,2013,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EDDA8DCDFEC8619C" bold="true" box="[198,327,2013,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The epithet refers to the conspicuous flower stalk. (Latin pedicellatus = stalked).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3D661AFFE25228ED8B8CE7FB6B6140" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131939" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5131939" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131939/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" startId="8.[151,244,1783,1805]" targetBox="[205,1382,175,1766]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE25228ED8B8CE7FB6B6140" blockId="8.[151,1436,1783,1834]" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228ED8B8CE7FE836167" bold="true" box="[151,268,1783,1805]" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228EC0E8CE7FDBB6166" authorityName="N. Schutz" baseAuthorityName="Till" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[274,564,1783,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EC0E8CE7FE0F6166" box="[274,384,1783,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228ECD58CE7FDBB6166" box="[457,564,1783,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. a: Natural habitat, Dept. Chuquisaca, Bolivia (
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228E91C8CE7FB2A6166" box="[1024,1189,1783,1804]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">
N.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228E9008CE7FBD56166" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1052,1114,1783,1804]" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
09-009
</emphasis>
). b: Mature plant bearing a laxely flowered inflorescence. c: Conspicuously pedicellate flowers. d: Habitat, valley of Río Grande. e: Rosette.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE25229EDDA8D5DFB39672A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE25228EDDA8D5DFE7E619C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1869,2038]" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EDDA8D5DFEBB610C" bold="true" box="[198,308,1869,1894]" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">Affinities</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228EC448D5DFCBA610C" authorityName="N. Schutz" baseAuthorityName="Till" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[344,821,1869,1894]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EC448D5DFDEC610F" box="[344,611,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EFA58D5DFCBA610C" box="[697,821,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from the other remaining subspecies, due to the long pedicels and the greenish sepals. Usually the flowers are slightly shorter. Some plants that occur in the border region of
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE25228EC448D85FD1D61C4" box="[344,658,1941,1966]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">Chuquisaca and Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
or
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE25228EFA68D85FCC261C4" box="[698,845,1941,1966]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
may actually represent intermediate forms between
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228ED8B8DAAFE7D61B8" authorityName="N. Schutz" baseAuthorityName="Till" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[151,498,1977,2002]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228ED8B8DAAFE9661BB" box="[151,281,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EC6E8DA9FE7D61B8" box="[370,498,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228EF308DAAFD2261BB" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[556,685,1978,2001]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EF308DAAFD2261BB" box="[556,685,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228EE1B8DA9FC7B61B8" box="[775,1012,1977,2002]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228EE1B8DA9FC7B61B8" box="[775,1012,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Southwards, in
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE25228E9A58DA9FB7061B8" box="[1209,1279,1977,2002]" country="Bolivia" name="Tarija" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">Tarija</collectingRegion>
, hybrids with
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE25228ED8B8DCEFEB6619C" authorityName="Mez" authorityYear="1894" baseAuthorityName="Baker" box="[151,313,2013,2038]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipetala">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE25228ED8B8DCEFEB6619C" box="[151,313,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="26">D. longipetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be located.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA8A87FF6C66B9" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA8A87FE3366DA" bold="true" box="[198,444,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Notes and comments</emphasis>
:—(a) The
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFE35229EF2B8A88FDE866DA" box="[567,615,152,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
voucher Vargas 6285 notes “Villa Seroño”, probably “Villa Serrano” was meant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA8ACFFB39672A" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
(b) The protologue mentions the petal colour as distinct from a typical yellow or yellowgreenish colour of many
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EDC28B14FE666777" box="[222,489,260,285]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDC28B14FE056777" box="[222,394,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Deuterocohnia</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, probably in relation to the description on the
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFE35229E91A8B14FBB76776" box="[1030,1080,260,284]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
voucher (“flores de color café amarillo en la base”). Nevertheless, field collections revealed yellowish petals with green tips.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFE35229EDDA8B5CFC29643D" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFE35229EDDA8B5CFC29643D" blockId="9.[151,1438,151,599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDDA8B5CFE31670F" bold="true" box="[198,446,332,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFE35229ECFE8B5CFDDC6709" box="[482,595,332,355]" name="Bolivia" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFE35229EF828B5CFC906709" box="[670,799,332,355]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
: Prov. Belisario Boeto:
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E9078B5CFBDE6709" box="[1051,1105,332,355]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
after crossing the bridge
<collectingCounty id="629C4E1EFFE35229E87D8B5CFF4267ED" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFE35229E87D8B5CFA136709" box="[1377,1436,332,355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Santa</collectingMunicipality>
Rosa
</collectingCounty>
over the
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EC288B60FE3A67ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229EC288B60FE3A67ED" box="[308,437,368,391]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Rio Grande" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Río Grande</location>
, on the road from
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EF638B60FD4767ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229EF638B60FD4767ED" box="[639,712,368,391]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Pucara" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Pucara</location>
to
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EFF08B60FCF067ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229EFF08B60FCF067ED" box="[748,895,368,391]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Villa Serrano" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Villa Serrano</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EE968B60FB9F67ED" box="[906,1040,368,391]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-18.772778">18°4622 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E9008B60FB2367ED" box="[1052,1196,368,391]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-64.31334">64°1848 W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E9A98B60FB7467ED" box="[1205,1275,368,391]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.559999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="956.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229E9A98B60FB7467ED" box="[1205,1275,368,391]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.559999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="956.0">956 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229E81B8B60FF5F67C3" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2009-11-29">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229E81B8B60FF5F67C3" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2009-11-29">29 November 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EDC08B82FE3867C3" box="[220,439,402,425]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EDC08B82FEAC67C3" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[220,291,402,425]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-010
</emphasis>
(LPB);
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EF0F8B82FDD867C3" box="[531,599,402,425]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
after crossing the bridge
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EE6E8B82FC2167C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229EE6E8B82FC2167C3" box="[882,942,402,425]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Santa" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Santa</location>
Rosa over the
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229E9498B82FB5867C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229E9498B82FB5867C3" box="[1109,1239,402,425]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Rio Grande" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Río Grande</location>
, on the road from Pucara to Villa Serrano,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229ECB18BA5FD8167A6" box="[429,526,437,460]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-18.783333">18°47 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229EF008BA5FD0967A6" box="[540,646,437,460]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="925" value="-64.316666">64°19 W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EF8E8BA5FD6767A6" box="[658,744,437,460]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1000.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229EF8E8BA5FD6767A6" box="[658,744,437,460]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EFE98BA5FC5F67A6" box="[757,976,437,460]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2009-11-29">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EFE98BA5FC5F67A6" box="[757,976,437,460]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2009-11-29">29 November 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229EEC08BA5FB3267A6" box="[988,1213,437,460]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229EEC08BA5FBAB67A6" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[988,1060,437,460]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-015
</emphasis>
(LPB);
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E8078BA5FAEF67A6" box="[1307,1376,437,460]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
after crossing the bridge
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EC748BC8FE2C6785" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229EC748BC8FE2C6785" box="[360,419,472,495]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Santa" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Santa</location>
Rosa over the
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229EF5E8BC8FD4F6785" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229EF5E8BC8FD4F6785" box="[578,704,472,495]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Rio Grande" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Río Grande</location>
, on the road from Pucara to Villa Serrano,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E99B8BC8FA8A6785" box="[1159,1285,472,495]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="51.67" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="9" value="-18.861166">18°51.67 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E80D8BC8FA156785" box="[1297,1434,472,495]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="18.22" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="9" value="-64.303665">64°18.22 W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229ED8B8BEAFF65647B" box="[151,234,506,529]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229ED8B8BEAFF65647B" box="[151,234,506,529]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EDEA8BEAFE46647B" box="[246,457,506,529]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2009-11-29">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EDEA8BEAFE46647B" box="[246,457,506,529]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2009-11-29">29 November 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECC98BEAFD23647B" box="[469,684,506,529]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFE35229ECC98BEAFD94647B" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[469,539,506,529]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-009
</emphasis>
(FR (2 sheets), LPB (2 sheets)).
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229E90E8BEAFBDA647B" box="[1042,1109,506,529]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
after crossing the
<location id="8E9D6049FFE35229E8038BEAFA13647B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFED5229ED8B8C0FFC29643D:8E9D6049FFE35229E8038BEAFA13647B" box="[1311,1436,506,529]" country="Bolivia" county="Santa Rosa" latitude="-18.900833" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.29694" municipality="Santa" name="Rio Grande" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Río Grande</location>
on the road from Vallegrande to Villa Serrano,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229EFB3880DFD7A645E" box="[687,757,541,564]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="km" value="18.0">18 km</quantity>
before Siberia al Nuevo Mundo,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E96F880DFB75645E" box="[1139,1274,541,564]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-18.900833">18°54'03'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFE35229E814880DFA15645E" box="[1288,1434,541,564]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="49" value="-64.29694">64°17'49'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFE35229ED8B8850FF65643D" box="[151,234,576,599]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFE35229ED8B8850FF65643D" box="[151,234,576,599]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFE35229EDE88850FE25643D" box="[244,426,576,599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2001-10-21">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFE35229EDE88850FE25643D" box="[244,426,576,599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="27" value="2001-10-21">21 October 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFE35229ECA98850FDF9643D" box="[437,630,576,599]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="27">Vargas et al. 6285</emphasis>
(LPB, MO, WU (5 sheets)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,650 @@
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<mods:title id="5B32654805ED7288F89175D330C77F38">Deuterocohnia meziana (Bromeliaceae): subspecies classification and the description of the new subspecies D. meziana subsp. vogtii from northern Paraguay</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A988B291C9576E4B597571E023BF046F">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="5928816FD53B092C6CE6426A7FB77F79" type="Zenodo-Dep">5131931</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225ED8B88C7FBF5649A" box="[151,1146,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225ED8B88C7FBF5649A" blockId="5.[151,1436,727,852]" box="[151,1146,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225ED8B88C7FB80649A" authority="(Rauh 1985: 20) N. Schutz" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" baseAuthorityPageNumber="20" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[151,1039,727,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" status="stat. nov." subSpecies="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225ED8B88C7FE29649A" bold="true" box="[151,422,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225ECE088C7FD6D649A" bold="true" box="[508,738,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFEF5225EFEC88C7FC1A649A" author="Rauh, W." box="[752,917,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" pagination="20 - 23" refId="ref9606" refString="Rauh, W. (1985) Bromelienstudien - I. Neue und wenig bekannte Arten aus Peru und anderen Landern - XVI. Mitteilung. Tropische und subtropische Pflanzenwelt 52: 20 - 23." type="journal article" year="1985">Rauh 1985: 20</bibRefCitation>
) N. Schütz
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E90988C9FBF5649A" box="[1045,1146,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20557FBFFEF5225E90988C9FBF5649A" box="[1045,1146,729,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225E96388C8FAC5657F" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225E96388C8FDE1657F" blockId="5.[151,1436,727,852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225E98988C7FE64657F" authorityName="Rauh" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="meziana" variety="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E98988C7FA136485" box="[1173,1436,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDDB88ECFE26657F" box="[199,425,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
Rauh
</taxonomicName>
(basionym)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EF6988ECFAC5657F" blockId="5.[151,1436,727,852]" box="[629,1354,764,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EF9788ECFAC8657F" authority="(Rauh) Gouda (2012: 115)" authorityName="Gouda" authorityPageNumber="115" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[651,1351,764,789]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EF9788ECFB97657F" box="[651,1048,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
(Rauh)
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFEF5225E96E88ECFAC8657F" author="Gouda, E." box="[1138,1351,764,789]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" pagination="115 - 117" refId="ref9231" refString="Gouda, E. (2012) Deuterocohnia carmineo-viridiflora - a new status for a remarkable species from Bolivia and Paraguay. Die Bromelie 2012 / 3: 115 - 117." type="journal article" year="2012">Gouda (2012: 115)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225ED8B8930FCAB653E" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225ED8B8930FCAB653E" blockId="5.[151,1436,727,852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<materialsCitation id="3B2A3CCFFFEF5225ED8B8930FCAF653E" collectingDate="1976-07" collectionCode="HEID" collectorName="Rauh" country="Bolivia" location="near Pojo" municipality="Type" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cochabamba" typeStatus="lectotype">
Type:—
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEF5225EDF58930FEDB655C" box="[233,340,800,822]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEF5225EC808930FDAB655C" box="[412,548,800,822]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8E9D6049FFEF5225EF318930FD1F655C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFEF5225EF318930FD1F655C" box="[557,656,800,822]" country="Bolivia" municipality="Type" name="near Pojo" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Cochabamba">near Pojo</location>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFEF5225EF868930FD72655C" box="[666,765,800,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" value="1976-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFEF5225EF868930FD72655C" box="[666,765,800,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" value="1976-07">July 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
(see notes),
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EE608930FC77655C" box="[892,1016,800,822]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<collectorName id="26B75344FFEF5225EE608930FC3E655C" box="[892,945,800,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Rauh</collectorName>
40642
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFEF5225E9188930FBED655C" box="[1028,1122,800,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designated here:
<collectionCode id="ED53AE57FFEF5225E8088930FAD9655C" box="[1300,1366,800,822]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">HEID</collectionCode>
! (sheet 5 of
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDE9892EFEFF653E" box="[245,368,830,852]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Rauh 40642</emphasis>
; non
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B63FFEF5225ECB6892EFDEB653E" author="Gross, E." box="[426,612,830,852]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" pagination="191 - 217" refId="ref9317" refString="Gross, E. (1998) The type specimens of Bromeliaceae in the herbarium of the Institute of Systematic Botany of the University of Heidelberg, Germany. Selbyana; journal of the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens 19 (2): 191 - 217." type="journal article" year="1998">Gross (1998: 194)</bibRefCitation>
, sheet 1, 2 and 3))
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225ED8B8991FC66658B" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225ED8B8991FC66658B" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
Leaf blade length
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225EC708991FE6C65F3" box="[364,483,897,922]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="40.0">4070 cm</quantity>
. Inflorescence lax or more dense, many-flowered. Floral bracts up to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225E80A8991FAD765F3" box="[1302,1368,897,922]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long. Flowers 2535 (45) mm long, sessile to shortly pedicellate, pedicels to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225EEDF89B5FB8865D7" box="[963,1031,933,958]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
. Sepals
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225E97D89B5FB5565D7" box="[1121,1242,933,958]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="12.0">1219 mm</quantity>
long, magenta to carmine-red. Petals 2535 (45) mm long, carmine-red, with greenish apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225EDDA89FDFB77626F" box="[198,1272,1005,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EDDA89FDFB77626F" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" box="[198,1272,1005,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDDA89FDFEED626C" bold="true" box="[198,354,1005,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEF5225EC6289FDFE7A626C" box="[382,501,1005,1030]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. Dept.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEF5225EF5F89FDFD57626C" box="[579,728,1005,1030]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEF5225EFF889FDFCEC626C" box="[740,867,1005,1030]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
. 17°45
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFEF5225EEDA89FDFBA9626C" box="[966,1062,1005,1030]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="-18.666666">18°40' S</geoCoordinate>
; 63°55
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFEF5225E99089FDFB7C626F" box="[1164,1267,1005,1030]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="-65.166664">65°10' W</geoCoordinate>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225EDDA8E01FDF562FC" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EDDA8E01FDF562FC" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDDA8E01FE4C6240" bold="true" box="[198,451,1041,1066]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Habitat and ecology:</emphasis>
—Ecoregion: Bolivian montane dry forests. At elevations of
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225E9628E01FA926243" box="[1150,1309,1041,1066]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1750.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="1300.0">13002200 m</quantity>
. Terrestrial or saxicolous, on argillaceous soils with few organic material. Growing together with columnar cacti, sometimes dominating the understory vegetation. Flowers reported from September to November. Pollinated by hummingbirds and occasionally by insects.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5225EDDA8EB1FE3562B4" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EDDA8EB1FE3562B4" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDDA8EB1FEE362D0" bold="true" box="[198,364,1185,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The epithet refers to the colour of the flower (carmineo = carmine red shade; Latin viridis = green; florus = to flower).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFEF5227EDDA8EF9FC106537" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EDDA8EF9FE61602F" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDDA8EF9FEB16368" bold="true" box="[198,318,1257,1282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Affinities:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EC468EF9FDE8636B" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[346,615,1257,1282]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EC468EF9FDE8636B" box="[346,615,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EFA38EF9FC2A6368" authorityName="Gouda" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[703,933,1257,1282]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EFA38EF9FC2A6368" box="[703,933,1257,1282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225E9228EFAFAD6636B" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1086,1369,1257,1282]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E9228EFAFB32636B" box="[1086,1213,1258,1281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E80A8EFAFAD6636B" box="[1302,1369,1258,1281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E8458EFAFAD2636B" box="[1369,1373,1258,1281]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">.</emphasis>
Both subspecies share the long, sessile to shortly pedicellate flowers in reddish colours, spread on a long and two to three times branched inflorescence. This character combination clearly separates both taxa from the other taxa of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225ED8B8F45FEB06304" baseAuthorityName="Schutz" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[151,319,1365,1390]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225ED8B8F45FEB06304" box="[151,319,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EC518F45FDD46307" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[333,603,1365,1390]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EC518F45FDD46307" box="[333,603,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EFAD8F45FC176304" authorityName="Gouda" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[689,920,1365,1390]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EFAD8F45FC176304" box="[689,920,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225E9468F45FB676307" authorityName="N. Schutz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1114,1256,1365,1390]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="vogtii">
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E9B48F46FB676307" box="[1192,1256,1366,1389]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">vogtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having more densely flowered branches, floral bracts up to
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225EF848F69FD5763FB" box="[664,728,1401,1426]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long (vs. inconspicuous), carmine-red petals (vs. magenta-pink petals) and longer leaf blades (
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225ECEA8F8DFDE663DF" box="[502,617,1437,1462]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="40.0">4070 cm</quantity>
vs.
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225EF858F8DFC8163DC" box="[665,782,1437,1462]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">3060 cm</quantity>
). Furthermore, the latter occurs in the Chaco savannas of
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEF5225ED8B8FD2FE8F63B0" box="[151,256,1474,1498]" name="Paraguay" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, while
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EC4C8FD1FDD563B3" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[336,602,1473,1498]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EC4C8FD1FDD563B3" box="[336,602,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225EFB38FD1FC1A63B0" authorityName="Gouda" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[687,917,1473,1498]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EFB38FD1FC1A63B0" box="[687,917,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the mountain range of the Bolivian departments Cochabamba and Santa Cruz. Some plants that occur in the border region of Cochabamba and Santa Cruz or Chuquisaca may actually represent intermediate forms between
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225E9058C1AFAE7604B" authority="subsp. meziana" box="[1049,1384,1545,1570]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E9058C1AFB2D604B" box="[1049,1186,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E81F8C1AFAE7604B" box="[1283,1384,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225ED8B8C3EFE68602C" authorityName="N. Schutz" baseAuthorityName="Till" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[151,487,1581,1606]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="meziana" subSpecies="pedicellata">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225ED8B8C3EFE99602F" box="[151,278,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">D. meziana</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EC778C3DFE68602C" box="[363,487,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">pedicellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EDDA8C41FC646090" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225EDDA8C41FE466000" bold="true" box="[198,457,1617,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Notes and comments:</emphasis>
— (a) There are some discrepancies between the description in the protologue and the notes on the label of the herbarium specimen: Collection date:
<date id="FFFC1052FFEF5225EE9E8C65FC6160E4" box="[898,1006,1653,1678]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" value="1973-07">Jul. 1973</date>
vs.
<date id="FFFC1052FFEF5225E93D8C65FB4A60E4" box="[1057,1221,1653,1678]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" value="1976-08-24">24 Aug. 1976</date>
, elevation 200 vs.
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225ED8B8C89FF6060DB" box="[151,239,1689,1714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
. (Pojo at ca.
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225EC998C89FE5060D8" box="[389,479,1689,1714]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
.), sepal colour rose vs. sepal colour dirty-carmine. Probably Rauh collected in 1976 during his trip to
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFEF5225EC4B8CADFE2660BC" box="[343,425,1725,1750]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
the specimen with the collection number 40642 near Pojo,
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFEF5225E9218CADFB5D60BC" box="[1085,1234,1725,1750]" country="Bolivia" name="Cochabamba" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">Cochabamba</collectingRegion>
, at an elevation of about
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFEF5225EDC08CF1FEBB6093" box="[220,308,1761,1786]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</quantity>
. The date and elevation in the protologue are certainly wrong.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEF5225EDDA8D15FAAB61B8" blockId="5.[151,1436,897,2002]" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">
(b) In the field book of Rauh the entry 40642 shows the note “herb” for herbarium specimen, which indicates, that Rauh took a specimen in the field. The “a”, which was added later in another colour to this number might refer to this herbarium specimen, while the likewise added number “40642” above the original note might refer to living plant material. The addition “a” can also be found on sheet 5, but was crossed out later. Sheet 5 also contains the only original note of Rauh, the other sheets contain only typed labels. This handwritten note on sheet 5 mentions beside the date, dirty-carmine floral bracts and sepals. This fits well to the name “
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEF5225E9378DA9FA9E61B8" authorityName="Gouda" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[1067,1297,1977,2002]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEF5225E9378DA9FA9E61B8" box="[1067,1297,1977,2002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="23">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3D661AFFEC5226ED8B8D56FDFC61FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5131937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5131937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5131937/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" startId="6.[151,244,1862,1884]" targetBox="[217,1370,200,1838]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFEC5226ED8B8D56FDFC61FC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1862,1942]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEC5226ED8B8D56FE836136" bold="true" box="[151,268,1862,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEC5226EC0E8D57FEF06136" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[274,383,1863,1884]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEC5226EC0E8D57FEF06136" box="[274,383,1863,1884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="24">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subsp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEC5226ECDB8D57FD036136" authorityName="Gouda" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[455,652,1863,1884]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEC5226ECDB8D57FD036136" box="[455,652,1863,1884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="24">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. a: Natural habitat, Dept. Santa Cruz, Bolivia (
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEC5226E9518D57FB7E6136" box="[1101,1265,1863,1884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="24">
N.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFEC5226E9768D57FB276136" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1130,1192,1863,1884]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
06-002
</emphasis>
). b and c: Mature plant and flowers with carmine-greenish petals. d and e: Plant (
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFEC5226EE118D74FC416113" box="[781,974,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="24">L. Hromadnik 5030</emphasis>
) growing in the BGHD, collected in the Dept. Cochabamba, Bolivia. Photos d, e: Timm Stolten.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8A87FAE066BF" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
(c) The sheets 4, 5 and 6 of the
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227EF338A88FDD066DA" box="[559,607,152,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
voucher in HEID are most likely from the
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227E9568A88FBF566DA" box="[1098,1146,152,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
locality. Beside the notes on sheet 5 (see (b)), they represent older inflorescences with broken parts, typical for plants in natural habitats.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8ACFFB6E67C7" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
(d) Sheet 3 of the specimen 40642 represents a young inflorescence, with longer secondary branches, smaller floral bracts and flowers more distant to each other. Like the corresponding collection
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E9968B14FB716777" box="[1162,1278,260,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6327862" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="103653.0">103653 in</quantity>
the botanical garden of Heidelberg, this sheet does not fit well to typical plants of the
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227EEEE8B38FBAB672A" box="[1010,1060,296,320]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
locality. The colour of petals is magenta. It still remains to be clarified whether the collection 103653 is really from the
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227E9988B5CFB3A670E" box="[1156,1205,332,356]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
locality. If the plant was grown from seeds, it had only 5 years to grow from seed to mature plant (19761981, year of collection to year of bloom according to specimen label), which seems to be quite short time period for these plants.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8BA7FCDF679F" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
(e) Rauh 40642 sheets 13: cultivated plant flowering in 1981; sheet 46: without note on cultivation, probably from
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227EDC88BCCFE8B679E" box="[212,260,476,500]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
locality; sheet 7: cultivated plant flowering in 1988.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8BEFFC346457" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">(f) The protologue probably contains a mixture of information of Rauhs notes from the field, cultivated plant material in the garden and some additional errors concerning the origin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8857FD9564E9" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
(g) Due to the notes (a) to (f) the sheet 5 of Rauh 40642 is chosen as
<typeStatus id="54F98830FFED5227EEF58857FBD4640A" box="[1001,1115,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" type="lectotype">lectotypes</typeStatus>
of the taxon
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227E9E98857FF7B64EE" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E9E98857FF7B64EE" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Deuterocohnia meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EC31887CFD9C64EF" authorityName="Gouda" authorityYear="2012" baseAuthorityName="Rauh" box="[301,531,620,645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EC31887CFD9C64EF" box="[301,531,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA889FFCC164A7" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">(g) HEID numbers of the sheets of Rauh 40642: sheets 1: 602080, sheet 2: 602081, sheet 3: 602082, sheets 4: 602083, sheet 5: 602084, sheet 6: (602086), sheet 7 (602087).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA88C7FC49657F" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
(h) In the protologue of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227ECF888C9FDEC6485" authorityName="Kuntze ex Mez" authorityYear="1896" box="[484,611,728,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ECF888C9FDEC6485" box="[484,611,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">D. meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
var.
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EFBD88C7FC32649A" authority=", SO" authorityName="SO" box="[673,957,727,752]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carmineo-viridiflora">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EFBD88C7FC08649A" box="[673,903,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">carmineo-viridiflora</emphasis>
, SO
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EEDA88C7FB85649A" box="[966,1034,727,752]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Brazil</collectingCountry>
is erroneously cited as part of the distribution area of
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EC6F88EDFD08657E" authority="var. meziana" box="[371,647,764,788]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Deuterocohnia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="meziana" variety="meziana">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EC6F88EDFE7D657E" box="[371,498,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">D. meziana</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EF3688EDFD08657E" box="[554,647,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">meziana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This should be SO
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EE7088ECFC4D657F" box="[876,962,764,789]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA890FFC106537" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
(i) Voucher in
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EC7B890FFE046552" box="[359,395,799,824]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">US</collectingCountry>
(Rauh s.n.,
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EF0D890FFDBA6552" box="[529,565,799,824]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">US</collectingCountry>
2848092-93) is labeled as isotype, however, no collection number is given on the voucher and probably this voucher is also from a cultivated plant.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3586519FFED5227EDDA8977FB78639A" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BFD3692FFED5227EDDA8977FB78639A" blockId="7.[151,1438,151,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EDDA8977FE4265EA" bold="true" box="[198,461,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Specimens examined:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227ECF48978FDD86515" box="[488,599,872,895]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
. without precise locality:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EE948978FC7C6515" box="[904,1011,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<collectingCounty id="629C4E1EFFED5227EE948978FC4F6515" box="[904,960,872,895]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Rauh</collectingCounty>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(US 2848092, -93 (2 sheets)). Dept. Cochabamba: Prov. Campero:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B99ACE8FFED5227ECCB899CFD9C65C9" box="[471,531,908,931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Sucre</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EF2F899CFD2665C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EF2F899CFD2665C9" box="[563,681,908,931]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Santa Cruz</location>
,
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EFAF899CFCC865C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EFAF899CFCC865C9" box="[691,839,908,931]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Villa Granado" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Villa Granado</location>
to
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EE7B899CFC5865C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EE7B899CFC5865C9" box="[871,983,908,931]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Omereque" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Omereque</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EEFC899CFBB465C9" box="[992,1083,908,931]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-18.166666">18°10' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E95A899CFB2565C9" box="[1094,1194,908,931]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-65.0">65°00' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E9AF899CFA8A65C9" box="[1203,1285,908,931]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E9AF899CFA8A65C9" box="[1203,1285,908,931]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E813899CFA1765C9" box="[1295,1432,908,931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1979-07-31">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E813899CFA1765C9" box="[1295,1432,908,931]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1979-07-31">31 July 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B89BEFEC665AF" box="[151,329,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Hromadnik 5264</emphasis>
(HEID, WU (7 sheets));
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFED5227EF5389BEFD7465AF" box="[591,763,942,965]" location="Aiquile" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EF5389BEFD1E65AF" box="[591,657,942,965]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
S Aiquile
</locationDeviation>
on road to Sucre,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EEA489BEFB9D65AF" box="[952,1042,942,965]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-18.5">18°30' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E90189BEFB0E65AF" box="[1053,1153,942,965]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-65.166664">65°10' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E99689BEFB5365AF" box="[1162,1244,942,965]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1740.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E99689BEFB5365AF" box="[1162,1244,942,965]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1740.0">1740 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E9FA89BEFAE065AF" box="[1254,1391,942,965]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1982-07-08">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E9FA89BEFAE065AF" box="[1254,1391,942,965]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1982-07-08">08 July 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E86589BEFF2B6582" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Till 8</emphasis>
(WU);
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EDE589C1FEF66582" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EDE589C1FEF66582" box="[249,377,977,1000]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Rio Grande" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Río Grande</location>
, Puente Arce,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EF0489C1FDFA6582" box="[536,629,977,1000]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-18.583334">18°35' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EF9D89C1FD696582" box="[641,742,977,1000]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-65.166664">65°10' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EFEE89C1FCCA6582" box="[754,837,977,1000]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EFEE89C1FCCA6582" box="[754,837,977,1000]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EE4D89C1FC506582" box="[849,991,977,1000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1979-07-16">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EE4D89C1FC506582" box="[849,991,977,1000]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1979-07-16">16 July 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EEF789C1FB2D6582" box="[1003,1186,977,1000]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Hromadnik 5030</emphasis>
(HEID (2 sheets), WU (2 sheets)). Prov. Carrasco:
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFED5227ECDD89E4FD0C6261" box="[449,643,1012,1035]" location="Comarapa" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">NW of Comarapa</locationDeviation>
, near Pojo,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE1E89E4FCD26261" box="[770,861,1012,1035]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-17.75">17°45' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE7689E4FC5F6261" box="[874,976,1012,1035]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-64.833336">64°50' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EEC789E4FBA26261" box="[987,1069,1012,1035]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EEC789E4FBA26261" box="[987,1069,1012,1035]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E92589E4FB2E6261" box="[1081,1185,1012,1035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1973-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E92589E4FB2E6261" box="[1081,1185,1012,1035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1973-07">July 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E9B689E4FAD76261" box="[1194,1368,1012,1035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1976-08-24">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E9B689E4FAD76261" box="[1194,1368,1012,1035]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1976-08-24">24 August 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E87889E4FF566247" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Rauh 40642</emphasis>
(HEID (6 sheets)); ibid.:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ECF88E06FDEB6247" box="[484,612,1046,1069]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Rauh 46774</emphasis>
(HEID (3 sheets), WU). Dept.
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EEB68E06FBAD6247" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EEB68E06FBAD6247" box="[938,1058,1046,1069]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Santa Cruz</location>
:
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227E9378E06FA896247" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227E9378E06FA896247" box="[1067,1286,1046,1069]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Sierra de Santa Cruz" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Sierra de Santa Cruz</location>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E8138E06FAEE6247" box="[1295,1377,1046,1069]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E8138E06FAEE6247" box="[1295,1377,1046,1069]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E8708E06FF41623A" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1892-05">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E8708E06FF41623A" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1892-05">May 1892</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EDC58E29FEC2623A" box="[217,333,1081,1104]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Kuntze s.n.</emphasis>
(NY s.n.); vertical walls above
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EF828E29FC97623A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EF828E29FC97623A" box="[670,792,1081,1104]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Rio Blanco" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Río Blanco</location>
, Cerro Hosana,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EEDE8E29FB9B623A" box="[962,1044,1081,1104]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EEDE8E29FB9B623A" box="[962,1044,1081,1104]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E9038E29FB60623A" box="[1055,1263,1081,1104]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1917-09-02">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E9038E29FB60623A" box="[1055,1263,1081,1104]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1917-09-02">02 September 1917</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E9E68E29FA13623A" box="[1274,1436,1081,1104]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Steinbach 3444</emphasis>
(LIL (2 sheets)). Prov. Caballero: Mountain
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFED5227EF608E4CFCAC6219" box="[636,803,1116,1139]" location="Comarapa" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">S of Comarapa</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE338E4CFC036219" box="[815,908,1116,1139]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-18.0">18°00' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE858E4CFB8F6219" box="[921,1024,1116,1139]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-64.583336">64°35' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E9178E4CFBD06219" box="[1035,1119,1116,1139]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E9178E4CFBD06219" box="[1035,1119,1116,1139]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E9708E4CFA996219" box="[1132,1302,1116,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1999-03-19">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E9708E4CFA996219" box="[1132,1302,1116,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1999-03-19">19 March 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E83E8E4CFF5562FF" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Hromadnik 24090</emphasis>
(WU (2 sheets)); Pulquina, vicinity of the village and the botanical garden of Pulquina,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E9998E6EFA8A62FF" box="[1157,1285,1150,1173]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-18.068335">18°04' 06''S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E80C8E6EFA1462FF" box="[1296,1435,1150,1173]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-64.405">64°24'18'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227ED8B8EB1FF6662D2" box="[151,233,1185,1208]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.557" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1557.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227ED8B8EB1FF6662D2" box="[151,233,1185,1208]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.557" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1557.0">1557 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EDE88EB1FE2462D2" box="[244,427,1185,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2003-10-04">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EDE88EB1FE2462D2" box="[244,427,1185,1208]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2003-10-04">04 October 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ECA98EB1FD5B62D2" box="[437,724,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Mendoza and Gusman 551</emphasis>
(USZ (2 sheets));
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EE868EB1FB8662D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EE868EB1FB8662D2" box="[922,1033,1185,1208]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Comarapa" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Comarapa</location>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E9088EB1FBD862D2" box="[1044,1111,1185,1208]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
towards
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227E9A58EB1FABE62D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227E9A58EB1FABE62D2" box="[1209,1329,1185,1208]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Santa Cruz</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E8208EB1FA1862D2" box="[1340,1431,1185,1208]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-18.083334">18°05' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227ED8B8ED4FF7162B1" box="[151,254,1220,1243]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-64.333336">64°20' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EC168ED4FED162B1" box="[266,350,1220,1243]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EC168ED4FED162B1" box="[266,350,1220,1243]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EC768ED4FDCC62B1" box="[362,579,1220,1243]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1981-09-28">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EC768ED4FDCC62B1" box="[362,579,1220,1243]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="1981-09-28">28 September 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EF538ED4FD4D62B1" box="[591,706,1220,1243]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Beck 7073</emphasis>
(LPB,
<collectingCountry id="F3557602FFED5227EE088ED4FCB462B1" box="[788,827,1220,1243]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">US</collectingCountry>
). Prov.
<collectingRegion id="4986F870FFED5227EE938ED4FC6D62B1" box="[911,994,1220,1243]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">Florida</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EEF18ED4FBE362B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EEF18ED4FBE362B1" box="[1005,1132,1220,1243]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Los Negros" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Los Negros</location>
to Vallemoso,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E8088ED4FA1862B1" box="[1300,1431,1220,1243]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-18.021944">18°01'19'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227ED8B8EF6FEAE6297" box="[151,289,1254,1277]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="58" value="-64.149445">64°08'58'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EC308EF6FEF06297" box="[300,383,1254,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EC308EF6FEF06297" box="[300,383,1254,1277]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EC978EF6FDCD6297" box="[395,578,1254,1277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EC978EF6FDCD6297" box="[395,578,1254,1277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">01 October 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EF528EF6FCA96297" box="[590,806,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EF528EF6FD1B6297" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[590,660,1254,1277]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 06-012
</emphasis>
(FR, LPB);
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFED5227EEB18EF6FA876297" box="[941,1288,1254,1277]" firstLocation="Mataral" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" secondLocation="Comarapa">between Mataral and Comarapa</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E80F8EF6FA196297" box="[1299,1430,1254,1277]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-18.140833">18°0827 S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227ED8B8F19FEA5634A" box="[151,298,1289,1312]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-64.25472">64°1517 W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EC2B8F19FE01634A" box="[311,398,1289,1312]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4849999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1485.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EC2B8F19FE01634A" box="[311,398,1289,1312]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4849999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1485.0">1485 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EC878F19FDF5634A" box="[411,634,1289,1312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2009-09-30">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EC878F19FDF5634A" box="[411,634,1289,1312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2009-09-30">30 September 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EF9A8F19FCE6634A" box="[646,873,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EF9A8F19FD40634A" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[646,719,1289,1312]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-013
</emphasis>
(FR, LPB); road from
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227E96F8F19FB67634A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227E96F8F19FB67634A" box="[1139,1256,1289,1312]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Samaipata" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Samaipata</location>
to Vallegrande,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227ED8B8F3CFE996329" box="[151,278,1324,1347]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-18.148611">18°08'55'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EC3F8F3CFE236329" box="[291,428,1324,1347]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-63.93">63°55'48'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227ECAB8F3CFD856329" box="[439,522,1324,1347]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1530.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227ECAB8F3CFD856329" box="[439,522,1324,1347]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1530.0">1530 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EF0A8F3CFD426329" box="[534,717,1324,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EF0A8F3CFD426329" box="[534,717,1324,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">01 October 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EFC58F3CFC206329" box="[729,943,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EFC58F3CFC906329" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[729,799,1324,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 06-002
</emphasis>
(FR); ibid.:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227E92A8F3CFA836329" box="[1078,1292,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227E92A8F3CFBF36329" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1078,1148,1324,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 06-003
</emphasis>
(LPB); ibid.:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B8F5EFEE0630F" box="[151,367,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227ED8B8F5EFF52630F" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,221,1358,1381]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 06-006
</emphasis>
(LPB); road from
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EF278F5EFD24630F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EF278F5EFD24630F" box="[571,683,1358,1381]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Samaipata" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Samaipata</location>
to Vallegrande,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE418F5EFC50630F" box="[861,991,1358,1381]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-18.15361">18°09'13'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EEF78F5EFBFA630F" box="[1003,1141,1358,1381]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-64.1">64°06'00'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E99C8F5EFB5C630F" box="[1152,1235,1358,1381]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1240.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E99C8F5EFB5C630F" box="[1152,1235,1358,1381]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1240.0">1240 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E9C38F5EFA17630F" box="[1247,1432,1358,1381]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E9C38F5EFA17630F" box="[1247,1432,1358,1381]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">01 October 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B8F61FEE663E2" box="[151,361,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227ED8B8F61FF5363E2" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,220,1393,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 06-010
</emphasis>
(FR, LPB);
<locationDeviation id="9A4F2FB0FFED5227ECF08F61FCCA63E2" box="[492,837,1393,1416]" firstLocation="Samaipata" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" secondLocation="Mairana">between Samaipata and Mairana</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EE4C8F61FC4263E2" box="[848,973,1393,1416]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-18.163334">18°09'48'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EEC68F61FBEE63E2" box="[986,1121,1393,1416]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-63.924725">63°5529'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E9708F61FB3163E2" box="[1132,1214,1393,1416]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1690.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E9708F61FB3163E2" box="[1132,1214,1393,1416]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.69" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1690.0">1690 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E9D58F61FA1763E2" box="[1225,1432,1393,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2009-09-28">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E9D58F61FA1763E2" box="[1225,1432,1393,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2009-09-28">28 September 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227ED8B8F84FEFF63C1" box="[151,368,1428,1451]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227ED8B8F84FF5263C1" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,221,1428,1451]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-003
</emphasis>
(FR (2 sheets), LPB); road from
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227EFC78F84FCC463C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227EFC78F84FCC463C1" box="[731,843,1428,1451]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Samaipata" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Samaipata</location>
to Vallegrande,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227EEE28F84FB0F63C1" box="[1022,1152,1428,1451]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="43" value="-18.161943">18°09'43'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E9908F84FA9863C1" box="[1164,1303,1428,1451]" degrees="63" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-63.924446">63°55'28'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227E83E8F84FAF963C1" box="[1314,1398,1428,1451]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.696" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1696.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227E83E8F84FAF963C1" box="[1314,1398,1428,1451]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.696" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1696.0">1696 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227E89D8F84FEBD63A7" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227E89D8F84FEBD63A7" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2006-10-01">01 October 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EC228FA6FD9063A7" box="[318,543,1462,1485]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EC228FA6FE0963A7" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[318,390,1462,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 06-001
</emphasis>
(FR, LPB). Prov. Vallegrande: Road from Vallegrande to
<location id="8E9D6049FFED5227E9B18FA6FA8963A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB8784FFEF5227ED8B88C7FB78639A:8E9D6049FFED5227E9B18FA6FA8963A7" box="[1197,1286,1462,1485]" country="Bolivia" county="Rauh" latitude="-18.194721" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-64.190834" municipality="Sucre" name="Mataral" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" stateProvince="Florida">Mataral</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227E80E8FA6FA1863A7" box="[1298,1431,1462,1485]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-18.194721">18°11'41'' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE765055FFED5227ED8B8FC9FE93639A" box="[151,284,1497,1520]" degrees="64" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-64.190834">64°11'27'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4CBA9B77FFED5227EC3A8FC9FEF7639A" box="[294,376,1497,1520]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="006FD1A1FFED5227EC3A8FC9FEF7639A" box="[294,376,1497,1520]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FFFC1052FFED5227EC9F8FC9FDC1639A" box="[387,590,1497,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2009-09-30">
<collectingDate id="EFB8E9BAFFED5227EC9F8FC9FDC1639A" box="[387,590,1497,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" value="2009-09-30">30 September 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EF408FC9FCA6639A" box="[604,809,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EF408FC9FD2F639A" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[604,672,1497,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-011
</emphasis>
(FR, LPB); ibid.:
<emphasis id="B936EA80FFED5227EEF48FC9FB37639A" box="[1000,1208,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C424D11FFED5227EEF48FC9FBA2639A" authority="Schütz, 2014" authorityName="Schütz" authorityYear="2014" box="[1000,1069,1497,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="27" rank="subSpecies" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="schutz">Schütz</taxonomicName>
et al. 09-012
</emphasis>
(FR).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
<document id="E60795B6E760DA598502FF521B670A03" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.12812934" ID-ISSN="1989-6581" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12812934" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1721852865184" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="García, María-Dolores, Fernández, Antonio, Gamarra, Purificación, Outerelo, Raimundo &amp; Arnaldos, María-Isabel" docDate="2023" docId="03FB87F8FF8BFFCD74E6FD30658CD3F4" docLanguage="en" docName="ArqEntomol.27.35-40.pdf" docOrigin="Arquivos Entomolóxicos 27" docStyle="DocumentStyle:DF23C849EA72F80F6DF49FA5382909D5.3:ArqEntomol.2008-.journal_article.1column" docStyleId="DF23C849EA72F80F6DF49FA5382909D5" docStyleName="ArqEntomol.2008-.journal_article.1column" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Zelus renardii Kolenati 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="FFC2FF80FF89FFCE7408FF9E670ED564" masterDocTitle="Zelus renardii Kolenati, 1857 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), a new member of the entomosarcosaprophagous fauna" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1744225626780" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="D69A0F0FDC055D6AE561752992161BE6">Zelus renardii Kolenati, 1857 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), a new member of the entomosarcosaprophagous fauna</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F17177E29AEBA9FDB629B12A74D385D2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="022230A1CE9B54EC28153CF4908915A2">
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<mods:namePart id="12C6DCF975FF835E146CFE101666BA2D">García, María-Dolores</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CE8D50402FC07A87764360413A8C3646" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="53256680D6578303F28F10311EDF9DEA">Fernández, Antonio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="22AF540852DA1F60F2494BDCFAD9DC53" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="97F3F137CC770EBA36E04A1496AA99C8">Gamarra, Purificación</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="80B652C04CEF13352C3E7E537FE156DC">Outerelo, Raimundo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="15A0FB33ED312E195F302BC3D36B39D3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CE5A3778ABE43C83F35D87FC4CBA70C5">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6660F02754511EC3D32895767D7ED0F6">Arnaldos, María-Isabel</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:titleInfo id="CDB17EF04D29552C6E6BB07879DE4203">
<mods:title id="C424579585E54F29ECD01239CC6AF427">Arquivos Entomolóxicos</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="ED68E97CB9FA2AA6236FAA729F294BB6">
<mods:date id="6F188B11AA12DDC90C30EFB888415C72">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EB3D8EEEFA343DB718FB7F9D72AFF37F">27</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FB87F8FF8BFFCD74E6FD30658CD3F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB87F8FF8BFFCD74E6FD30658CD3F4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB87F8FF8BFFCD74E6FD30658CD3F4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC74E6FD306410D07E" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<subSubSection id="C3486565FF8BFFCC74E6FD3066ADD7A3" box="[238,419,686,711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BED36EEFF8BFFCC74E6FD3066ADD7A3" blockId="2.[144,1444,501,1306]" box="[238,419,686,711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8BFFCC74E6FD3066ADD7A3" ID-CoL="5D25Z" authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1857" box="[238,419,686,711]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renardii">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC74E6FD3066ADD7A3" bold="true" box="[238,419,686,711]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Zelus renardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3486565FF8BFFCD75BAFD30658CD3F4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BED36EEFF8BFFCC75BAFD306410D07E" blockId="2.[144,1444,501,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
is the only species of the genus that has been reported from Europe; it is endemic to Central and North America, from where it has been introduced in other parts of the world, most likely dispersed by human activities (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC76AEFD676496D676" author="Pinzari, M. &amp; Cianferoni, F. &amp; Martellos, S. &amp; Dioli, P." box="[678,920,761,786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="31 - 35" refId="ref3004" refString="Pinzari, M., Cianferoni, F., Martellos, S. &amp; Dioli, P. 2018. Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856), a newly established alien species in Italy (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Harpactorinae). Fragmenta entomologica, 50 (1): 31 - 35." type="journal article" year="2018">
Pinzari
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC770EFD67644ED676" bold="true" box="[774,832,761,786]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). The species is considered as one of the
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8BFFCC7498FC80661BD653" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" box="[144,277,798,823]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Reduviidae</taxonomicName>
with the biggest geographical expansion in the last years (Miralles-Ṅñez
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC70D2FC80621BD653" bold="true" box="[1242,1301,798,823]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2021). In Europe, it was firstly reported from
<collectingCountry id="F345767EFF8BFFCC766DFCDD65B0D639" box="[613,702,835,861]" name="Greece" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Greece</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC76C6FCDD64BDD638" author="Davranoglou, L. R." box="[718,947,835,860]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="157 - 162" refId="ref2605" refString="Davranoglou, L. R. 2011. Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856), a New World reduviid discovered in Europe (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 147: 157 - 162." type="journal article" year="2011">Davranoglou, 2011</bibRefCitation>
) and then from
<collectingCountry id="F345767EFF8BFFCC708AFCDD63C8D639" box="[1154,1222,835,861]" name="Spain" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC70DEFCDD67DED6E6" author="Baena, M. &amp; Torres, J. L." pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="351 - 360" refId="ref2261" refString="Baena, M. &amp; Torres, J. L. 2012. Nuevos datos sobre heteropteros exoticos en Espana y Francia: Tempyra biguttula St ol, 1874, Belonochilus numenius (Say, 1832) y Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856) (Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae, Orsillidae, Reduviidae). Boletin de la Asociacion espanola de Entomologia, 36 (3 - 4): 351 - 360." type="journal article" year="2012">Baena &amp; Torres, 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC74E9FCF76679D6E6" author="Vivas, L." box="[225,375,873,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="34 - 40" refId="ref3210" refString="Vivas, L. 2012. Primera cita en Espana de la especie Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1857) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) que representa la segunda cita en Europa. BV news Publicaciones Cientificas, 1: 34 - 40." type="journal article" year="2012">Vivas, 2012</bibRefCitation>
), where it has been reported from the provinces of Barcelona, Castellón,
<collectingRegion id="4996F80CFF8BFFCC713EFCF76291D6E6" box="[1334,1439,873,898]" country="Spain" name="Comunitat Valenciana" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Valencia</collectingRegion>
, Alicante,
<collectingRegion id="4996F80CFF8BFFCC7500FC13666ED6C2" box="[264,352,909,934]" country="Spain" name="Murcia" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Murcia</collectingRegion>
, Almería, Málaga, Sevilla, Cádiz and
<collectingRegion id="4996F80CFF8BFFCC7726FC136489D6C2" box="[814,903,909,934]" country="Spain" name="Madrid" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Madrid</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC779FFC1363BED6C2" author="Baena, M. &amp; Torres, J. L." box="[919,1200,909,934]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="351 - 360" refId="ref2261" refString="Baena, M. &amp; Torres, J. L. 2012. Nuevos datos sobre heteropteros exoticos en Espana y Francia: Tempyra biguttula St ol, 1874, Belonochilus numenius (Say, 1832) y Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856) (Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae, Orsillidae, Reduviidae). Boletin de la Asociacion espanola de Entomologia, 36 (3 - 4): 351 - 360." type="journal article" year="2012">Baena &amp; Torres, 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC70B7FC136291D6C2" author="Goula, M. &amp; Lizana, F." box="[1215,1439,909,935]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="219 - 222" refId="ref2737" refString="Goula, M., Lizana, F. &amp; Miralles-N ˙ nez, A. 2019. New records of the Nearctic leafhopper assassin bug, Zelus renardii Kolenati, 1857 in the Iberian Peninsula (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae). Butlleti de la Institucio Catalana d'Historia Natural, 83: 219 - 222." type="journal article" year="2019">
Goula
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC7104FC136249D6C2" bold="true" box="[1292,1351,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2019
</bibRefCitation>
; Miralles-Ṅñez
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC755DFC2D6683D6A8" bold="true" box="[341,397,947,972]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2021;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC75F8FC2C6451D6A8" author="Rodriguez Lozano, B. &amp; Baena Ruiz, M. &amp; Gomez de Dios, M. A." box="[496,863,946,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="551 - 558" refId="ref3109" refString="Rodriguez Lozano, B., Baena Ruiz, M. &amp; Gomez de Dios, M. A. 2018. The invasive species Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1857) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in Spain and comments about its global expansion. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 144: 551 - 558." type="journal article" year="2018">
Rodríguez Lozano
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC76D9FC2D6407D6A8" bold="true" box="[721,777,947,972]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2018
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC7764FC2D64F3D6A8" author="Vivas, L." box="[876,1021,947,972]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="34 - 40" refId="ref3210" refString="Vivas, L. 2012. Primera cita en Espana de la especie Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1857) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) que representa la segunda cita en Europa. BV news Publicaciones Cientificas, 1: 34 - 40." type="journal article" year="2012">Vivas, 2012</bibRefCitation>
), being probably settled in a large part of the Iberian Peninsula (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC761AFC4665A8D695" author="Vivas, L." box="[530,678,984,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="34 - 40" refId="ref3210" refString="Vivas, L. 2012. Primera cita en Espana de la especie Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1857) (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) que representa la segunda cita en Europa. BV news Publicaciones Cientificas, 1: 34 - 40." type="journal article" year="2012">Vivas, 2012</bibRefCitation>
) since it has been already reported from Southern
<collectingCountry id="F345767EFF8BFFCC7135FC4662ADD695" box="[1341,1443,984,1009]" name="Portugal" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Portugal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC749FFC636565D172" author="van der Heyden, T. &amp; Grosso-Silva, J. M." box="[151,619,1021,1047]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="347 - 349" refId="ref3168" refString="van der Heyden, T. &amp; Grosso-Silva, J. M. 2020. First record of Zelus renardii Kolenati, 1856 in Portugal (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae). Arquivos Entomoloxicos, 22: 347 - 349." type="journal article" year="2020">van der Heyden &amp; Grosso-Silva, 2020</bibRefCitation>
). It acts as an exotic invasive species because of being adaptable, highly dispersive and able to colonize new areas readily (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC7752FBBC634FD15F" author="Davranoglou, L. R." box="[858,1089,1058,1083]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="157 - 162" refId="ref2605" refString="Davranoglou, L. R. 2011. Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856), a New World reduviid discovered in Europe (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 147: 157 - 162." type="journal article" year="2011">Davranoglou, 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Some bites on humans due to this species have been reported from
<collectingCountry id="F345767EFF8BFFCC76A3FBD965E1D105" box="[683,751,1095,1121]" name="Spain" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Spain</collectingCountry>
which may be because it is becoming more frequent, mainly in anthropic environments but also in agricultural ones (Miralles-Ṅñez
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC70BDFBF263F8D1E1" bold="true" box="[1205,1270,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2021). The pioneering nature of this species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC7650FB0C6473D1CF" author="Weirauch, C. &amp; Alvarez, C. &amp; Zhang, G." box="[600,893,1170,1195]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="641 - 649" refId="ref3254" refString="Weirauch, C., Alvarez, C. &amp; Zhang, G. 2012. Zelus renardii and Z. tetracanthus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): biological attributes and the potential for dispersal in two assassin bug species. The Florida Entomologist, 95 (3): 641 - 649." type="journal article" year="2012">
Weirauch
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC76E9FB0C6411D1CF" bold="true" box="[737,799,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2012
</bibRefCitation>
), its dispersal more than likely by human activities and its tolerance to adverse conditions, such as high temperature, could create direct competition with other indigenous reduviids of the Palaearctic region (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8BFFCC700BFB4263FDD191" author="Pinzari, M. &amp; Cianferoni, F. &amp; Martellos, S. &amp; Dioli, P." box="[1027,1267,1244,1269]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" pagination="31 - 35" refId="ref3004" refString="Pinzari, M., Cianferoni, F., Martellos, S. &amp; Dioli, P. 2018. Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856), a newly established alien species in Italy (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Harpactorinae). Fragmenta entomologica, 50 (1): 31 - 35." type="journal article" year="2018">
Pinzari
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC706BFB426392D191" bold="true" box="[1123,1180,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) and it can go hand in hand, and even increase, with global warming.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2D6666FF8BFFCC7493F85A6583D291" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812936" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12812936" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12812936/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" startId="2.[155,191,1988,2008]" targetBox="[140,1170,1344,2055]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BED36EEFF8BFFCC7493F85A6583D291" blockId="2.[155,701,1988,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8BFFCC7493F85A65B3D2BC" bold="true" box="[155,701,1988,2008]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Fig. 2.- Detail of the oral area of the corpse. The</emphasis>
box, enlarged, shows a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8BFFCC75F5F87F6587D291" authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1857" box="[509,649,2017,2037]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renardii">Zelus renardii</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2D6666FF8AFFCD7491FC6365BED129" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12812938" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12812938" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12812938/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" startId="3.[153,189,1021,1041]" targetBox="[153,1432,209,1101]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BED36EEFF8AFFCD7491FC6365BED129" blockId="3.[153,690,1021,1101]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD7491FC6365BCD14B" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Fig. 3.- Detail of the interior of the thoracic cavity of the corpse. The boxes, enlarged, show specimens</emphasis>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD74BEFBA7664FD129" authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1857" box="[182,321,1081,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renardii">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD74BEFBA7664FD129" bold="true" box="[182,321,1081,1101]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Zelus renardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
next to larvae of
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD75FDFBA7656FD129" box="[501,609,1081,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Dermestidae" genus="Dermestes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dermestes</taxonomicName>
frischi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED36EEFF8AFFCD74E6FB0D64FFD09F" blockId="3.[144,1444,1171,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD74E6FB0D64FFD09F" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
Due to the observed predaceous behaviour of this species on
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD701DFB0D63BAD1C8" box="[1045,1204,1171,1196]" class="Insecta" family="Dermestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dermestidae</taxonomicName>
larvae, its role as necrophilous within the entomosarcosaprophagous fauna becomes obvious.
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD7039FB2663D1D1B5" authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1857" box="[1073,1247,1208,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renardii">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD7039FB2663D1D1B5" bold="true" box="[1073,1247,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Zelus renardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered a generalist predator, the adults can feed on almost any arthropod they can catch (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8AFFCD70ABFB436296D192" author="Pinzari, M. &amp; Cianferoni, F. &amp; Martellos, S. &amp; Dioli, P." box="[1187,1432,1245,1270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="31 - 35" refId="ref3004" refString="Pinzari, M., Cianferoni, F., Martellos, S. &amp; Dioli, P. 2018. Zelus renardii (Kolenati, 1856), a newly established alien species in Italy (Hemiptera: Reduviidae, Harpactorinae). Fragmenta entomologica, 50 (1): 31 - 35." type="journal article" year="2018">
Pinzari
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD710CFB436230D192" bold="true" box="[1284,1342,1245,1270]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">et al</emphasis>
., 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Although it is not surprising due to its generalist nature as a predator, as far as we know
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD710DFA9D62AAD078" box="[1285,1444,1283,1308]" class="Insecta" family="Dermestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dermestidae</taxonomicName>
have never been reported as prey for
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD7686FAB66418D025" authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1857" box="[654,790,1320,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renardii">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD7686FAB66418D025" bold="true" box="[654,790,1320,1345]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Z. renardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; thus, the list of species on which it can feed is enlarged. The interest of such predation, from a forensic perspective, deals with the potential capacity of removing a big amount of
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD75FAFAEC659FD0EF" box="[498,657,1394,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Dermestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Dermestidae</taxonomicName>
larvae from the corpse which can modify the faunal succession and the decomposition itself, even compromising the estimation of minimum PMI when considering the entomological evidence, as it occurs in the case of
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD772FFA2263EFD0B1" authority="(Walker, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[807,1249,1468,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" genus="Nasonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitripennis">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD772FFA226318D0B1" bold="true" box="[807,1046,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Nasonia vitripennis</emphasis>
(Walker, 1836)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD70FBFA226291D0B1" box="[1267,1439,1468,1493]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD7498FA7C663AD09F" authorityName="Dalman" authorityYear="1820" box="[144,308,1506,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Pteromalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pteromalidae</taxonomicName>
) affecting
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD75C8FA7C6511D09F" box="[448,543,1506,1531]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
larvae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC34B1FFF8AFFCD7688FA7C64EAD09F" author="Charabizde, D. &amp; Hedouin, V." box="[640,996,1506,1532]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" pagination="63 - 64" refId="ref2530" refString="Charabizde, D. &amp; Hedouin, V. 2014. A safe, free and efficient way to control Nasonia vitripennis, a common pest in forensic entomology laboratories. Forensic Science International, 245: 63 - 64." type="book chapter" year="2014">Charabizde &amp; Hedouin, 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED36EEFF8AFFCD74E7F999658CD3F4" blockId="3.[144,1444,1171,1680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD74E7F999658CD3F4" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<taxonomicName id="4C524D6DFF8AFFCD74E7F9996691D344" authorityName="Kolenati" authorityYear="1857" box="[239,415,1543,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="renardii">
<emphasis id="B926EAFCFF8AFFCD74E7F9996691D344" bold="true" box="[239,415,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Zelus renardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had not previously been reported from a corpse; thus, this is the first forensic case on record it is involved in. Our finding extends the global list of insects of forensic importance, emphasizing the need to identify all entomological evidence in forensic practice since all species can provide information related to the case.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</emphasis>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart id="A13849D2FB0D370247637B665F9483E9">Pereira, Raquel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7E8F2DB5DCF636330914451279970DD3">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="665994DC1B7F73B77FD9EBB4D2254187">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="34A1F2152B56F0954A24C7FDF5D90D49">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD0FFE48180E386FC99E2DC" ID-CoL="84KK5" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="1990" box="[696,830,702,729]" class="Demospongiae" family="Niphatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE48180E386FC99E2DC" bold="true" box="[696,830,702,729]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Niphatidae</emphasis>
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sp. 1
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<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD0FFE481CFE3D9FC9BE2F9" box="[759,828,737,764]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1913,1939]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,1419,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-305@20.[190,1406,1419,1875]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. Niphatidae sp. 1. specimen, GNM Porifera 1090 (LAR-190924-P2940059, 63).A. Live specimen. B. Oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168683/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE483FDE21BFE15E338" bold="true" box="[197,434,803,829]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD0FFE483FDE26AFD81E3B7" blockId="20.[196,1391,849,946]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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;
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,
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;
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leg. [MM-190924- 1]; SCUBA; LAR-190924-P9240059, 63; GenBank no.:
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(coxI),
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(28S D3-D5); voucher:
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.
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE483FDE2E1FEF1E3F6" bold="true" box="[197,342,985,1011]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description</emphasis>
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A massive encrusting specimen, from which we collected a fragment ca
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long. The specimen was growing on a vertical rock. Its pores are visible as well as a single simple osculum, which was on the top of a cone; in situ, some of the aquiferous canals were visible in the thinnest areas of the sponge. The surface is hispid. The natural colour is whitish-grey (
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), transitioning to snow white in ethanol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD0FFE483FDE58AFE96E4C9" blockId="20.[197,305,1202,1228]" box="[197,305,1202,1228]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE483FDE58AFE96E4C9" bold="true" box="[197,305,1202,1228]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Skeleton</emphasis>
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The small dimensions of the collected fragment did not allow us to produce a thick section. The spicules are thick, slightly curved oxeas with sharp points (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD0FFE48021E43CFCD1E51A" box="[793,886,1284,1311]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1913,1939]" captionTargetBox="[190,1403,1419,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-305@20.[190,1406,1419,1875]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 9. Niphatidae sp. 1. specimen, GNM Porifera 1090 (LAR-190924-P2940059, 63).A. Live specimen. B. Oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168683/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
), measuring: 100.0
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE48752E43CFB0BE51B" bold="true" box="[1130,1196,1284,1310]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">183.4</emphasis>
210.0± 20.18 × 5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE483DAE410FEA0E547" bold="true" box="[226,263,1320,1346]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">7.4</emphasis>
10± 1.25 µm (N= 29) (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD0FFE4811AE410FDD9E547" box="[546,638,1320,1346]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1867,1893]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,1371,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-290@19.[189,1401,1371,1829]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 8. Haliclona sp. 1. specimen GNM Porifera 1021, (LAR-191102-PB02033738).A. Live specimen. B. Oxeas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168681/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). We did no find microscleres.
</paragraph>
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</document>

View file

@ -1,78 +1,78 @@
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<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD1FFE5862BE3EFFEA3E35F" accessionNumber="OM436250" collectingDate="2018-12-09" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="58.8289" location="Bergylteskar" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0831" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 1076" specimenCount="1">
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<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD1FFE5862BE3EFFACDE2F4" box="[1299,1386,727,753]" count="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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;
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,
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;
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depth
</elevation>
;
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD1FFE58013E3C2FC19E311" box="[811,958,762,788]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2018-12-09">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD1FFE58013E3C2FC19E311" box="[811,958,762,788]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2018-12-09">9 Dec. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD1FFE580F2E3C2FBCDE311" box="[970,1130,762,788]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-181209-1];
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD1FFE583FDE225FE8CE332" box="[197,299,797,823]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">SCUBA</collectionCode>
; LAR-181209-83028303, 8305; GenBank no.:
leg. [MM-181209-1]; SCUBA; LAR-181209-83028303, 8305; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFD1FFE58054E225FC53E33D" box="[876,1012,797,824]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436250" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">OM436250</accessionNumber>
(coxI); voucher:
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD1FFE587FBE225FEA3E35F" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">GNM Porifera 1076</specimenCode>
@ -247,7 +239,7 @@ presents a beige colour when alive and a smooth surface whereas
s life colour is deep orange and a microshipid or vilose surface. In comparison, the acanthostyles in
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD1FFE58288E762FC18E671" authority="Picton &amp; Goodwin, 2007" authorityName="Picton &amp; Goodwin" authorityYear="2007" box="[432,959,1626,1652]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Hymeraphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="breeni">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD1FFE58288E762FD34E671" box="[432,659,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Hymeraphia breeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD1FFE581A2E762FC18E671" author="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E." box="[666,959,1626,1652]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1441 - 1458" refId="ref30211" refString="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E. 2007. Sponge biodiversity of Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom 87 (6): 1441-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058122" type="journal article" year="2007">Picton &amp; Goodwin, 2007</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD1FFE581A2E762FC18E671" author="Picton &amp; Goodwin" box="[666,959,1626,1652]" firstAuthor="Picton" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1441 - 1458" refId="ref30211" refString="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E. 2007. Sponge biodiversity of Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom 87 (6): 1441-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058122" type="journal article" year="2007">Picton &amp; Goodwin, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have few but longer spines at the tip, than what is reported for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD1FFE582D4E746FDD0E692" authorityName="Picton &amp; Goodwin 2007:" authorityYear="1448" box="[492,631,1661,1687]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Hymeraphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elongata">
@ -267,7 +259,7 @@ This species is a new record for
present slightly shorter styles than what is reported for the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFD1FFE583FDE63DFF5FE71A" box="[197,248,1797,1823]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
specimens (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD1FFE582B3E63DFD17E71A" author="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E." box="[395,688,1797,1823]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1441 - 1458" refId="ref30211" refString="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E. 2007. Sponge biodiversity of Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom 87 (6): 1441-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058122" type="journal article" year="2007">Picton &amp; Goodwin 2007</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD1FFE582B3E63DFD17E71A" author="Picton &amp; Goodwin" box="[395,688,1797,1823]" firstAuthor="Picton" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1441 - 1458" refId="ref30211" refString="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E. 2007. Sponge biodiversity of Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom 87 (6): 1441-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058122" type="journal article" year="2007">Picton &amp; Goodwin 2007</bibRefCitation>
), which might indicate the presence of regional differences or cryptic species. However, further studies are warranted to understand the order of inter- and intraspecific diversity, as well as micro-morphological diversity or plasticity within this genus. In fact, this is the first time that specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD1FFE58173E657FD72E78D" authorityName="Picton &amp; Goodwin 2007:" authorityYear="1448" box="[587,725,1902,1928]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Hymeraphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD1FFE58173E657FD72E78D" box="[587,725,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">H. elongata</emphasis>
@ -283,7 +275,7 @@ and
(
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD1FFE581ACE68DFD7AE7CA" box="[660,733,1973,1999]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[297,1276,275,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[191,1403,262,1782]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood tree based on coxI gene (Folmer fragment) by IQTREE under the model TIM2+F+I+G4. The node support in bootstrap (bt) is shown in grayscale: light gray - 80 &lt;bt &lt;90%; bark gray - 90% ≤ bt &lt;95%; black - bt ≥ 95%. The tips show the taxon and accession number (sequences retrieved from GenBank) or specimens sequenced in this study (in bold). All sequences in red are associated to type specimens. Sequences retrieved from GenBank are coded: (T) type taxon; * specimens that are not collected in the North East Atlantic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168669/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). However, the lack of resolution using coxI is perhaps expected as this marker is known for having a substitution rate that is too low for adequate species discriminations (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD2FFE682FAE00CFD67E14B" author="Erpenbeck D. &amp; Hooper J. &amp; Worheide G." box="[450,704,308,334]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="550 - 553" refId="ref27940" refString="Erpenbeck D., Hooper J. &amp; Worheide G. 2006. CO 1 phylogenies in diploblasts and the ' Barcoding of Life' - are we sequencing a suboptimal partition? Molecular Ecology Notes 6 (2): 550-553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01259.x" type="journal article" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD2FFE682FAE00CFD67E14B" author="Erpenbeck" box="[450,704,308,334]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Erpenbeck" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="550 - 553" refId="ref27940" refString="Erpenbeck D., Hooper J. &amp; Worheide G. 2006. CO 1 phylogenies in diploblasts and the ' Barcoding of Life' - are we sequencing a suboptimal partition? Molecular Ecology Notes 6 (2): 550-553. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2005.01259.x" type="journal article" year="2006">
Erpenbeck
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE68178E00CFDDEE14B" box="[576,633,308,334]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
2006
@ -298,7 +290,7 @@ Erpenbeck
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD2FFE682F0E042FD1CE191" author="Morrow C. &amp; Allcock L. A. &amp; McCormack G." box="[456,699,378,404]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="61 - 68" refId="ref29695" refString="Morrow C., Allcock L. A. &amp; McCormack G. 2018. A new species of Hymeraphia Bowerbank, 1864 (Axinellida: Raspailiidae) from a deep-water canyon southwest off Ireland. Zootaxa 4466 (1): 61-68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4466.1.7" type="journal article" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD2FFE682F0E042FD1CE191" author="Morrow" box="[456,699,378,404]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Morrow" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="61 - 68" refId="ref29695" refString="Morrow C., Allcock L. A. &amp; McCormack G. 2018. A new species of Hymeraphia Bowerbank, 1864 (Axinellida: Raspailiidae) from a deep-water canyon southwest off Ireland. Zootaxa 4466 (1): 61-68. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4466.1.7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Morrow
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE6810CE043FDD5E191" box="[564,626,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
2018
@ -310,36 +302,5 @@ specimen or specimens from the
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CED36675FFD2FFE68385E652FC18E7EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168685/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[189,232,1898,1924]" targetBox="[185,1402,489,1857]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD2FFE68385E652FC18E7EB" blockId="22.[189,1399,1898,2031]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE68385E652FE87E780" bold="true" box="[189,288,1898,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD2FFE68217E652FC25E780" authority="Picton &amp; Goodwin, 2007" authorityName="Picton &amp; Goodwin" authorityYear="2007" box="[303,898,1898,1925]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Hymeraphia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elongata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE68217E652FD91E781" box="[303,566,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Hymeraphia elongata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD2FFE6817CE652FC25E780" author="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E." box="[580,898,1898,1925]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="1441 - 1458" refId="ref30211" refString="Picton B. E. &amp; Goodwin C. E. 2007. Sponge biodiversity of Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland. Journal Of The Marine Biological Association Of The United Kingdom 87 (6): 1441-1458. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315407058122" type="journal article" year="2007">Picton &amp; Goodwin, 2007</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE680ACE652FC0EE781" bold="true" box="[916,937,1898,1924]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology (LAR-180930-75267528), orange colour.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE6807FE6B6FCFCE7AD" bold="true" box="[839,859,1934,1960]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">B</emphasis>
. Living specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD2FFE687BCE6B5FB45E7A2" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1156,1250,1933,1959]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="22" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1078 (LAR- 181222-8561, 8563, 8569), yellow pale colour.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE681C4E688FCA8E7CF" bold="true" box="[764,783,1968,1994]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. Tylostyles (LAR-180424-4603).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE68791E689FB1BE7CE" bold="true" box="[1193,1212,1969,1995]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">D</emphasis>
. Long and thin style (LAR-180424-4603).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD2FFE682C7E6ECFDB4E7EB" bold="true" box="[511,531,2004,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">E</emphasis>
. Acanthostyle (LAR-180424-4603).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE78153E029FC6FE12E" box="[619,968,272,299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE78153E029FC6FE12E" blockId="23.[619,968,272,299]" box="[619,968,272,299]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE78186E028FC6FE12E" authority="Nardo, 1833" authorityName="Nardo" authorityYear="1833" box="[702,968,272,299]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE78186E028FC89E12F" box="[702,814,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Raspailia</emphasis>
Nardo, 1833
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
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<mods:title id="FBCD4EA7543E5DF8FB3E947994C457B0">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="E7BFF25A2E4A64ABDDAD7E3A0E02AF6E">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:titleInfo id="7FA8C2F99E495ED9672922ADCC358C0F">
<mods:title id="016BF679ADEA91B577565A8123232952">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A5982BCF9D313729A228BE8AAE083DBB">
<mods:date id="96A2C05B6E22D0E9F46009431BACD1C1">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="219BB80EF3F4D7C1960770B2A14F9A08" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6AAB0AB3E74924A3716157F52BE84A7B">2025-03-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="5D83D1FA7A76D506965E183DFA0716C3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3E27EE8F1AB286486A804A84EFC713E9">983</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="5FC4A1D43C002EE4703159E682789BCB">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C71B9A5967EB0E0BC41962984728B9E7">64</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="9818D3FA23AC12F14038143493D0D27E">
<mods:url id="86546F389B3A634A4DB4D1B922EEDC43">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2835/12931</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="0AD9F78FA8FF2286553731C0E866E6EE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AA279FE23C3300C72E978B56F8590B11" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0A60317DA8772EE8B9D0683659681A26" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D93ADE4FB8D9576CC07E440DD5338ACD" type="Zenodo-Dep">15168665</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="120587EBFFD3FFE7817BE069FD5CE7C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD3FFE7817BE069FD5CE7C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFD3FFE7817BE069FD5CE7C9" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE7817BE069FC57E169" box="[579,1008,337,364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE7817BE069FC57E169" blockId="23.[579,1008,337,399]" box="[579,1008,337,364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="C15B8191FFD3FFE7817BE069FC57E169" box="[579,1008,337,364]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE7817BE069FC57E169" ID-CoL="4RLNP" authority="(Johnston, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[579,1008,337,364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE7817BE069FC83E169" bold="true" box="[579,804,337,364]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Raspailia aculeata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE7800BE06AFC4FE169" author="Johnston" box="[819,1000,338,364]" firstAuthor="Johnston" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref28955" refString="Johnston G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. W. H. Lizars, Edinburg." type="book" year="1842">Johnston, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE781C9E04DFCE5E18A" box="[753,834,373,399]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE781C9E04DFCE5E18A" blockId="23.[579,1008,337,399]" box="[753,834,373,399]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD3FFE781C9E04DFCE5E18A" box="[753,834,373,399]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1705,1731]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,265,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-51@24.[189,1410,265,1640]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Raspailia aculeata (Johnston, 1842). A. Specimen in situ, GNM Porifera 1119 (LAR-191102- PB20290, 93). B. Specimen preserved. C. Hand-section of LAR-191001-PA0107, 01090110. D. Style. E. Oxea. F. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168687/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE783FDE08FFCA3E29E" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE08FFC28E1D4" blockId="23.[197,911,439,465]" box="[197,911,439,465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFD3FFE783FDE08FFC28E1D4" box="[197,911,439,465]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD3FFE783FDE08FFD19E1D4" author="Johnston G." box="[197,702,439,465]" page="131" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1842">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE783FDE08FFD19E1D4" authority="Johnston 1842: 131" authorityName="Johnston" authorityPageNumber="131" authorityYear="1842" box="[197,702,439,465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE08FFE68E1D4" box="[197,463,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Halichondria aculeata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE782EEE08FFD19E1D4" author="Johnston" box="[470,702,439,465]" firstAuthor="Johnston" page="131" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref28955" refString="Johnston G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. W. H. Lizars, Edinburg." type="book" year="1842">Johnston 1842: 131</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. XIII figs 13.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE0C0FAAEE216" blockId="23.[197,1289,504,566]" box="[197,1289,504,531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFD3FFE783FDE0C0FAAEE216" box="[197,1289,504,531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE783FDE0C0FCA9E217" authority="Bowerbank, 1866: 109" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="109" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,782,504,530]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Dictyocylindrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE0C0FE50E217" box="[197,503,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dictyocylindrus aculeatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE782C7E0C0FCA9E217" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[511,782,504,530]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866: 109</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE78008E0C0FB8FE217" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[816,1064,504,531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref27490" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1874. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III" type="book" year="1874">Bowerbank 1874: 48</bibRefCitation>
, pl. XIX figs 512.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE323FBB0E230" blockId="23.[197,1289,504,566]" box="[197,1047,539,566]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFD3FFE783FDE323FBB0E230" box="[197,1047,539,566]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE783FDE323FE06E230" ID-CoL="4RLNP" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[197,417,539,565]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE323FE06E230" box="[197,417,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Raspailia aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD3FFE78287E323FD00E230" author="Hanitsch R." box="[447,679,539,566]" page="196" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE78287E323FD00E230" author="Hanitsch" box="[447,679,539,566]" firstAuthor="Hanitsch" page="196" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="173 - 206" refId="ref28744" refString="Hanitsch R. 1894. Revision of the generic nomenclature and classification in Bowerbank's ' British Spongiadae'. Proceedings and Transactions of the Liverpool Biological Society 8: 173-206." type="journal article" year="1894">Hanitsch 1894: 196</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE781EEE323FC1FE230" author="Arndt W." box="[726,952,539,566]" journalOrPublisher="Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 140" part="III A" refId="ref27297" refString="Arndt W. 1935. Porifera. Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee III A: 1-140." title="Porifera" type="book chapter" year="1935">Arndt 1935: 8283</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 72.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE365FAC8E272" blockId="23.[197,1391,604,667]" box="[197,1391,604,631]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFD3FFE783FDE365FAC8E272" box="[197,1391,604,631]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Not
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE783CFE365FE74E272" ID-CoL="4RLNP" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[247,467,605,631]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783CFE365FE74E272" box="[247,467,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Raspailia aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD3FFE782D6E365FCADE272" author="Topsent E." box="[494,778,604,631]" page="682" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1925">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE782D6E365FCADE272" author="Topsent" box="[494,778,604,631]" firstAuthor="Topsent" page="682 - 685" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="623 - 725" refId="ref31226" refString="Topsent E. 1925. Etude des Spongiaires du Golfe de Naples. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 63 (5): 623-725, pl. VIII." type="journal article" year="1925">Topsent, 1925: 682685</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. VIII, fig. 14. —
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD3FFE780CDE365FB45E272" author="Uriz M. J." box="[1013,1250,605,631]" page="149" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE780CDE365FB45E272" author="Uriz" box="[1013,1250,605,631]" firstAuthor="Uriz" page="149 - 161" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref31288" refString="Uriz M. J. 1978. Contribucion a la fauna de esponjas (Demospongia) de Catalunya. PhD Thesis, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona." type="book" year="1978">Uriz 1978: 149161</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 8894.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE3B8FCA3E29E" blockId="23.[197,1391,604,667]" box="[197,772,640,667]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFD3FFE783FDE3B8FCA3E29E" box="[197,772,640,667]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Not
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE783C0E3B9FE48E29F" ID-CoL="4RLKW" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[248,495,640,666]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspaciona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783C0E3B9FE48E29F" box="[248,495,640,666]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Raspaciona aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD3FFE7813DE3B8FD58E29E" author="Topsent E." box="[517,767,640,667]" page="49" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" year="1936">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE7813DE3B8FD58E29E" author="Topsent" box="[517,767,640,667]" firstAuthor="Topsent" page="49 - 50" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref31258" refString="Topsent E. 1936. Eponges observees dans les parages de Monaco. (Deuxieme partie). Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco 686: 1-70." type="journal article" year="1936">Topsent 1936: 4950</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE783FDE3F9FEA4E392" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE3F9FDFAE2DE" blockId="23.[197,605,705,731]" box="[197,605,705,731]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE3F9FE15E2DE" bold="true" box="[197,434,705,731]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD3FFE782FAE3F9FDF2E2DE" box="[450,597,705,731]" count="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE3C8FEA4E392" blockId="23.[195,1391,752,919]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD3FFE783FDE3C8FB5CE328" collectingDate="2019-10-01" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="Porifera 1118" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFD3FFE783FDE3C8FE9AE30F" box="[197,317,752,778]" name="Sweden" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
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;
<location id="9F736026FFD3FFE78283E3C8FD9AE30F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD3FFE7817BE069FD5CE7C9:9F736026FFD3FFE78283E3C8FD9AE30F" box="[443,573,752,778]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0832" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" name="Saltbacken" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Saltbacken</location>
;
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,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD3FFE781D9E3C8FCC0E30F" box="[737,871,752,778]" degrees="11.2242" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="5" value="11.2242">11.2242° E</geoCoordinate>
; 51
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD3FFE78098E3C8FB8EE30F" box="[928,1065,752,779]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="25.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD3FFE78098E3C8FC7CE30F" box="[928,987,752,779]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFD3FFE7870EE3C8FB63E30F" box="[1078,1220,752,778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2019-10-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD3FFE7870EE3C8FB63E30F" box="[1078,1220,752,778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2019-10-01">1 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD3FFE787E9E3C8FAC8E30F" box="[1233,1391,752,778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191001-1]; SCUBA; LAR-191001-PA0101070108, voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD3FFE7872CE22BFBF0E328" box="[1044,1111,787,813]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD3FFE78758E22BFB5CE328" box="[1120,1275,787,813]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE78758E22BFB1AE328" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1120,1213,787,813]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="23" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1118
</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD3FFE7862EE22BFF58E392" accessionNumber="OM415584" collectingDate="2019-11-12" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="Porifera 1119" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD3FFE7862EE22BFACDE32B" box="[1302,1386,787,814]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFD3FFE783FDE20EFEF5E355" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD3FFE7817BE069FD5CE7C9:9F736026FFD3FFE783FDE20EFEF5E355" box="[197,338,822,848]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0546" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" name="Lunneviken" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Lunneviken</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD3FFE78264E20EFE45E354" box="[348,482,822,849]" degrees="59.0546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="5" value="59.0546">59.0546° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD3FFE782D5E20EFDC8E354" box="[493,623,822,849]" degrees="11.1690" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="5" value="11.169">11.1690° E</geoCoordinate>
; 51
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD3FFE7819DE20EFC8FE355" box="[677,808,822,849]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="25.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD3FFE7819DE20EFD79E354" box="[677,734,822,849]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFD3FFE7800AE20EFC68E355" box="[818,975,822,849]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2019-11-12">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD3FFE7800AE20EFC68E355" box="[818,975,822,849]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2019-11-12">12 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD3FFE780E1E20FFBD3E354" box="[985,1140,823,849]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191102-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD3FFE783FBE262FE80E371" box="[195,295,858,884]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191102-PB020290, 93; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFD3FFE78015E261FC16E371" box="[813,945,857,884]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415584" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">OM415584</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD3FFE787F1E262FAABE371" box="[1225,1292,858,884]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD3FFE7862AE261FF58E392" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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1119
</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE783FDE286FD96E61D" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE286FEF1E3DD" blockId="23.[197,342,958,984]" box="[197,342,958,984]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE286FEF1E3DD" bold="true" box="[197,342,958,984]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE2D5FC2CE448" blockId="23.[195,1391,1005,1102]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
The specimens have an encrusting morphology with digitiform projections. The colour, while alive, was dirty white or wax yellow turning white in ethanol. The surface is hispid and covered with sediment (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD3FFE783F3E50BFE9FE448" box="[203,312,1075,1101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1705,1731]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,265,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-51@24.[189,1410,265,1640]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Raspailia aculeata (Johnston, 1842). A. Specimen in situ, GNM Porifera 1119 (LAR-191102- PB20290, 93). B. Specimen preserved. C. Hand-section of LAR-191001-PA0107, 01090110. D. Style. E. Oxea. F. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168687/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
). Neither oscula nor pores were visible (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD3FFE7802AE50BFCD9E448" box="[786,894,1075,1101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1705,1731]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,265,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-51@24.[189,1410,265,1640]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Raspailia aculeata (Johnston, 1842). A. Specimen in situ, GNM Porifera 1119 (LAR-191102- PB20290, 93). B. Specimen preserved. C. Hand-section of LAR-191001-PA0107, 01090110. D. Style. E. Oxea. F. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168687/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE54CFE96E48B" blockId="23.[197,305,1140,1166]" box="[197,305,1140,1166]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE54CFE96E48B" bold="true" box="[197,305,1140,1166]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE59BFAA7E54F" blockId="23.[197,1391,1187,1354]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">The skeleton is reticulated and formed by dense plurispicular fibres, with slightly curved styles, which can protrude the surface, especially at the very end of the digitiform projections. Moreover, the protruding styles often have a tyle at their end, i.e., they are often styloids. Acanthostyles are rare and present in the choanosome. The ectosome is composed by a membrane containing parallel oxeas or anisoxeas. At the base of the specimen, these oxeas/anisoxeas have a confused arrangement.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE449FD96E61D" blockId="23.[193,1391,1393,1561]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
There are
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD3FFE7820EE449FE13E589" box="[310,436,1393,1420]" count="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic" typeStatus="types">three types</specimenCount>
of megascleres: slightly curved styles that are often modified in styloids (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD3FFE787C0E449FAC6E58E" box="[1272,1377,1393,1419]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1705,1731]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,265,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-51@24.[189,1410,265,1640]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Raspailia aculeata (Johnston, 1842). A. Specimen in situ, GNM Porifera 1119 (LAR-191102- PB20290, 93). B. Specimen preserved. C. Hand-section of LAR-191001-PA0107, 01090110. D. Style. E. Oxea. F. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168687/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
), measuring 619.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE782A4E4ACFE79E5AB" bold="true" box="[412,478,1428,1454]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">949.9</emphasis>
1325.9 ± 267.97×3.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE781C8E4ACFC84E5AB" bold="true" box="[752,803,1428,1454]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.1</emphasis>
12.1 ± 2.85 µm (N=8), curved anisoxeas, which can have blunt tips (rare) (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD3FFE7813EE480FDD7E5D7" box="[518,624,1464,1490]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1705,1731]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,265,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-51@24.[189,1410,265,1640]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 11. Raspailia aculeata (Johnston, 1842). A. Specimen in situ, GNM Porifera 1119 (LAR-191102- PB20290, 93). B. Specimen preserved. C. Hand-section of LAR-191001-PA0107, 01090110. D. Style. E. Oxea. F. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168687/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
), measuring 253.9
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE78064E48FFC0FE5D4" bold="true" box="[860,936,1463,1489]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">357. 2</emphasis>
475.7± 62.5 × 0.8
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE787A3E48FFB67E5D4" bold="true" box="[1179,1216,1463,1489]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2.5</emphasis>
4.5± 0.93 µm (N =36), and curved, fully spined acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD3FFE78022E4E3FC21E5F0" box="[794,902,1499,1525]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[189,232,1898,1924]" captionTargetBox="[185,1402,489,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-82@22.[185,1402,489,1858]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 10. Hymeraphia elongata Picton &amp; Goodwin, 2007. A. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology (LAR-180930-75267528), orange colour.B. Living specimen, GNM Porifera 1078 (LAR- 181222-8561, 8563, 8569), yellow pale colour. C. Tylostyles (LAR-180424-4603). D. Long and thin style (LAR-180424-4603). E. Acanthostyle (LAR-180424-4603)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168685/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
), of 98.6
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE7873CE4E3FBE1E5F0" bold="true" box="[1028,1094,1499,1525]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">154.1</emphasis>
294.3 ±65.37 ×4.0
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE78604E4E3FAC6E5F0" bold="true" box="[1340,1377,1499,1525]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6.5</emphasis>
10.1 ±1.57 µm in size (N =16).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE783FDE778FB49E710" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE778FE5DE65C" blockId="23.[197,506,1599,1626]" box="[197,506,1599,1626]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE778FE5DE65C" bold="true" box="[197,506,1599,1626]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE756FB49E710" blockId="23.[194,1393,1646,1813]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
This species is reported in the northeast Atlantic (NEA), from North Ireland to the
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFD3FFE78766E756FB09E68D" box="[1118,1198,1646,1672]" country="Portugal" name="Acores" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Azores</collectingRegion>
and with a depth range from the subtidal to
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD3FFE782DAE7A9FDBDE6A9" box="[482,538,1681,1708]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
depth. Furthermore, there are reports of this species in the Mediterranean Sea. However, given that the morphology of the Mediterranean specimens most likely conforms to the description by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE783D0E7E0FE34E6F4" author="Topsent" box="[232,403,1751,1778]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref31258" refString="Topsent E. 1936. Eponges observees dans les parages de Monaco. (Deuxieme partie). Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco 686: 1-70." type="journal article" year="1936">Topsent (1936)</bibRefCitation>
, which differs significantly from the descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE780DFE7E0FBCFE6F7" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[999,1128,1752,1778]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspaciona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE780DFE7E0FBCFE6F7" box="[999,1128,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE787ADE7E0FACBE6F7" author="Ackers R. G. &amp; Dipper F. &amp; Earll B. &amp; Picton B. E. &amp; Stone, S. M. K. &amp; Moss D." bookContentInfo="MARINE CONSERVATION SOCIETY." box="[1173,1388,1751,1778]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref26987" refString="Ackers R. G., Dipper F., Earll B., Picton B. E., Stone, S. M. K., Moss D. 1985. Sponges of the British Isles. (&quot; Sponge IV &quot;). A colour guide and working document. Vol. 1 - 2. MARINE CONSERVATION SOCIETY." title="Sponges of the British Isles. (&quot; Sponge IV &quot;). A colour guide and working document. Vol. 1 - 2." type="book" year="1985">
Ackers
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE787D7E7E0FA8FE6F7" box="[1263,1320,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
1985
</bibRefCitation>
, according to the WPD), we doubt the Mediterranean reports to be referring to the same species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD3FFE783FDE604FD5CE7C9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE604FE90E753" blockId="23.[197,311,1852,1878]" box="[197,311,1852,1878]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE783FDE604FE90E753" bold="true" box="[197,311,1852,1878]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD3FFE783FDE653FD5CE7C9" blockId="23.[196,1391,1899,1996]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
In the re-examination of Mr Beans collection,
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD3FFE78037E653FC56E780" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[783,1009,1899,1925]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank (1866)</bibRefCitation>
reported aspiculate gemmulae. However, this was never mentioned by subsequent authors. Therefore, we cannot assert that gemmulae occur in
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD3FFE78213E68AFE16E7CE" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[299,433,1969,1995]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspaciona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD3FFE78213E68AFE16E7CE" box="[299,433,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">R. aculeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nor how common they are.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,70 +1,70 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="5C30F46B57F3DDB5FBF8090491098999">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="0A7F1C9D191F109CF8FBEAF5DCC2B9F8">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F41D8440742C38E398E4D5D1218E175">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FAA82E38454718166CE6DCE21BE86FE8">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="746069DB6D8504CD23A5BCD1B37611CF">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="503B110776406CD5F6B5E43AC000D2D2">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8CBACC45A679B80CEAB30EF5E97E2CB6">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD5FFE18160E030FC7BE126" box="[600,988,264,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
<heading id="C15B8191FFD5FFE18160E030FC7BE126" box="[600,988,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD5FFE18160E030FC7BE126" ID-CoL="FQ75" authority="Schulze, 1878" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1878" box="[600,988,264,291]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulfurea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE18160E030FC89E126" bold="true" box="[600,814,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aplysilla sulfurea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD5FFE1800DE030FC7BE126" author="Schulze F. E." box="[821,988,264,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="379 - 420" refId="ref30778" refString="Schulze F. E. 1878. Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Vierte Mittheilung. Die Familie der Aplysinidae. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie 30: 379-420." type="journal article" year="1878">Schulze, 1878</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD5FFE1800DE030FC7BE126" author="Schulze" box="[821,988,264,291]" firstAuthor="Schulze" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="379 - 420" refId="ref30778" refString="Schulze F. E. 1878. Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Vierte Mittheilung. Die Familie der Aplysinidae. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie 30: 379-420." type="journal article" year="1878">Schulze, 1878</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD5FFE18385E055FD15E18D" author="Schulze F. E." box="[189,690,365,392]" page="416" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="1878">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD5FFE18385E055FD15E18D" ID-CoL="FQ75" authority="Schulze, 1878: 405 - 416" authorityName="Schulze" authorityPageNumber="405 - 416" authorityYear="1878" box="[189,690,365,392]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulfurea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE18385E055FE2BE182" box="[189,396,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aplysilla sulfurea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD5FFE182ABE055FD15E18D" author="Schulze F. E." box="[403,690,365,392]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="379 - 420" refId="ref30778" refString="Schulze F. E. 1878. Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Vierte Mittheilung. Die Familie der Aplysinidae. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie 30: 379-420." type="journal article" year="1878">Schulze, 1878: 405416</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. XXIII XXIV figs 15, 1930.
@ -98,7 +98,9 @@
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD5FFE18385E096FE06E1CD" ID-CoL="389G4" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1878" box="[189,417,430,456]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulphurea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE18385E096FE06E1CD" box="[189,417,430,456]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aplysilla sulphurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Alander 1942: 18.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD5FFE18285E096FD2AE1CC" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[445,653,430,457]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 18</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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@ -109,7 +111,7 @@
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD5FFE18385E327FD99E2EC" blockId="17.[189,1399,542,745]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD5FFE18385E327FBCDE259" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 991" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD5FFE18385E327FBCDE259" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 991" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFD5FFE18385E327FE90E23C" box="[189,311,543,569]" name="Sweden" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
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@ -130,13 +132,11 @@ depth
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD5FFE187ECE327FAD0E23C" box="[1236,1399,543,569]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180424-1];
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD5FFE182F8E37AFD81E259" box="[448,550,578,604]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SCUBA</collectionCode>
; LAR-180424-4596; voucher:
leg. [MM-180424-1]; SCUBA; LAR-180424-4596; voucher:
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD5FFE180B6E37AFBCDE259" box="[910,1130,578,604]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">GNM Porifera 991</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD5FFE187BAE37AFD52E2A7" collectingDate="2018-09-18" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 992" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD5FFE187BAE37AFD52E2A7" collectingDate="2018-09-18" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 992" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD5FFE187BAE37AFB70E259" box="[1154,1239,578,604]" count="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFD5FFE187DAE37AFAD5E259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD5FFE28160E030FEE9E294:9F736026FFD5FFE187DAE37AFAD5E259" box="[1250,1394,578,604]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0546" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" name="Lunneviken" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lunneviken</location>
@ -155,13 +155,11 @@ depth
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD5FFE18023E35DFC1EE27A" box="[795,953,613,639]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180916-1];
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD5FFE187FAE35DFA8FE27A" box="[1218,1320,613,639]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SCUBA</collectionCode>
; LAR-180918-7202, 7205; voucher:
leg. [MM-180916-1]; SCUBA; LAR-180918-7202, 7205; voucher:
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD5FFE18123E3B0FD52E2A7" box="[539,757,648,674]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">GNM Porifera 992</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD5FFE18033E3B0FD9DE2EC" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 993" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD5FFE18033E3B0FD9DE2EC" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 993" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD5FFE18033E3B0FCF9E2A6" box="[779,862,648,675]" count="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFD5FFE18050E3B1FBF7E2A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD5FFE28160E030FEE9E294:9F736026FFD5FFE18050E3B1FBF7E2A7" box="[872,1104,648,675]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.8754" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" name="Yttre Vattenholmen" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Yttre Vattenholmen</location>
@ -180,9 +178,7 @@ depth
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD5FFE1813DE394FD02E2C3" box="[517,677,684,710]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191116-1];
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD5FFE18089E393FBB0E2C0" box="[945,1047,683,709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">SCUBA</collectionCode>
; LAR-191116-PB16046364, 66; voucher:
leg. [MM-191116-1]; SCUBA; LAR-191116-PB16046364, 66; voucher:
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD5FFE18261E3F7FD9DE2EC" box="[345,570,718,745]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">GNM Porifera 993</specimenCode>
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.
@ -219,9 +215,13 @@ The skeleton is composed of dendritic fibres (i.e., the fibres might ramify but
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD5FFE18385E5CAFC76E557" blockId="17.[189,1399,1266,1363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Specimens of this species have been reported worldwide. However, most reports are in the Atlantic, North Sea and Mediterranean (GBIF.org 2021) from the littoral zone (under rocks or in crevices) to
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD5FFE18385E400FEA0E556" box="[189,263,1336,1363]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="230.0">230 m</quantity>
(Ackers
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD5FFE18220E400FE57E557" author="Ackers R. G. &amp; Moss D. &amp; Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C." bookContentInfo="1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." box="[280,496,1336,1362]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref27051" refString="Ackers R. G., Moss D., Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2007. Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;). 1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." title="Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;)" type="book" year="2007">
Ackers
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE1824BE401FE0AE557" box="[371,429,1336,1362]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al.</emphasis>
2007). The
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFD5FFE18104E401FDC8E556" box="[572,623,1337,1363]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
locality is in the Adriatic Sea.
</paragraph>
@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ locality is in the Adriatic Sea.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE18385E693FEAAE7C0" bold="true" box="[189,269,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD5FFE1822FE693FD3EE7C0" authority="Schulze, 1878" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1878" box="[279,665,1963,1989]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulfurea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE1822FE693FE4FE7C0" box="[279,488,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aplysilla sulfurea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD5FFE182CCE693FD3EE7C0" author="Schulze F. E." box="[500,665,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="379 - 420" refId="ref30778" refString="Schulze F. E. 1878. Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Vierte Mittheilung. Die Familie der Aplysinidae. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie 30: 379-420." type="journal article" year="1878">Schulze, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD5FFE18193E693FD67E7C0" bold="true" box="[683,704,1963,1989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">A</emphasis>
@ -253,7 +253,9 @@ The species of the genus
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE282D4E006FDF3E15D" box="[492,596,318,344]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aplysilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be discriminated by the colour as it seems to be a stable feature in the genus (Bergquist 1980). However, a few specimens identified as
can be discriminated by the colour as it seems to be a stable feature in the genus (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD6FFE2825CE05AFDBEE179" author="Bergquist P. R." box="[356,537,354,380]" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Zoology" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="443 - 503" part="7" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.11760680" refId="ref27363" refString="Bergquist P. R. 1980. A revision of the supraspecific classification of the orders Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, and Verongida (class Demospongiae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 7 (4): 443-503. https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1980.11760680" title="A revision of the supraspecific classification of the orders Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, and Verongida (class Demospongiae)" type="journal article" year="1980">Bergquist 1980</bibRefCitation>
). However, a few specimens identified as
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View file

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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE28115E3EEFCA4E2F4" bold="true" box="[557,771,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aplysilla glacialis</emphasis>
(Merejkowsky, 1878)
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD6FFE2802AE3EEFC59E2F5" author="Merejkowsky K. S." box="[786,1022,726,752]" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskago obschestva estestvoispytatelej" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="249 - 270" part="IX" refId="ref29345" refString="Merejkowsky K. S. 1878 a. [Preliminary account on sponges of the White Sea]. Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskago obschestva estestvoispytatelej IX: 249-270." title="Preliminary account on sponges of the White Sea" type="book chapter" year="1878">Merejkowsky, 1878</bibRefCitation>
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@ -86,7 +88,7 @@
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<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD6FFE283FDE203FCB8E353" ID-CoL="4XFYV" authority="Merejkowsky, 1878: 264 - 265" authorityName="Merejkowsky" authorityPageNumber="264 - 265" authorityYear="1878" box="[197,799,827,854]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Simplicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE283FDE203FE12E350" box="[197,437,827,853]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Simplicella glacialis</emphasis>
Merejkowsky, 1878: 264265
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.
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@ -95,10 +97,11 @@ Merejkowsky, 1878: 264265
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE283FDE244FE3EE393" box="[197,409,892,918]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aplysilla glacialis</emphasis>
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de
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD6FFE282E2E244FCB0E392" author="Laubenfels M. W. de" box="[474,791,892,919]" page="164" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" year="1948">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD6FFE282E2E244FCB0E392" author="Laubenfels M. W. de" box="[474,791,892,919]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 217" refId="ref29114" refString="Laubenfels M. W. de 1948. The order Keratosa of the phylum Porifera. A monographic study. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 3: 1-217." type="journal article" year="1948">Laubenfels 1948: 164165</bibRefCitation>
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de
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, fig. 24.
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</paragraph>
@ -108,7 +111,7 @@ Merejkowsky, 1878: 264265
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE283FDE285FE15E3D2" bold="true" box="[197,434,957,983]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD6FFE283FDE2D4FBEBE42C" blockId="18.[197,1391,1004,1066]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD6FFE283FDE2D4FBEEE42C" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 990" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD6FFE283FDE2D4FBEEE42C" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 990" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFD6FFE283FDE2D4FE98E403" box="[197,319,1004,1030]" name="Sweden" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD6FFE28267E2D4FE10E402" box="[351,439,1004,1031]" count="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
@ -124,9 +127,7 @@ Merejkowsky, 1878: 264265
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD6FFE2877CE2D5FB41E402" box="[1092,1254,1005,1031]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180424-1];
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD6FFE28276E537FE13E42C" box="[334,436,1039,1065]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">SCUBA</collectionCode>
; LAR-180424-45874588; voucher:
leg. [MM-180424-1]; SCUBA; LAR-180424-45874588; voucher:
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD6FFE2805FE537FBEEE42C" box="[871,1097,1039,1065]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">GNM Porifera 990</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
@ -171,7 +172,9 @@ closely resembles that of
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE28385E6A1FEA9E7B6" bold="true" box="[189,270,1945,1971]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD6FFE28220E6A1FD5BE7B6" authority="(Merejkowsky, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Merejkowsky" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[280,764,1945,1971]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE28220E6A1FE48E7B6" box="[280,495,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Aplysilla glacialis</emphasis>
(Merejkowsky, 1878)
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD6FFE28139E6A1FD55E7B6" author="Merejkowsky K. S." box="[513,754,1945,1971]" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskago obschestva estestvoispytatelej" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="249 - 270" part="IX" refId="ref29345" refString="Merejkowsky K. S. 1878 a. [Preliminary account on sponges of the White Sea]. Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskago obschestva estestvoispytatelej IX: 249-270." title="Preliminary account on sponges of the White Sea" type="book chapter" year="1878">Merejkowsky, 1878</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD6FFE28031E6A1FCB9E7B6" bold="true" box="[777,798,1945,1971]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
@ -188,7 +191,7 @@ closely resembles that of
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD7FFE383FDE006FBFEE19A" blockId="19.[195,1391,318,416]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
The original distribution is the White Sea, next to the Barents Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE380F2E006FB1DE15C" author="Merejkowsky K. S." box="[970,1210,318,345]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="249 - 270" refId="ref29345" refString="Merejkowsky K. S. 1878 a. [Preliminary account on sponges of the White Sea]. Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskago obschestva estestvoispytatelej IX: 249-270." type="book chapter" year="1878">Merejkowsky 1878a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE380F2E006FB1DE15C" author="Merejkowsky" box="[970,1210,318,345]" firstAuthor="Merejkowsky" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="249 - 270" refId="ref29345" refString="Merejkowsky K. S. 1878 a. [Preliminary account on sponges of the White Sea]. Trudy Imperatorskago Sankt-Peterburgskago obschestva estestvoispytatelej IX: 249-270." type="book chapter" year="1878" yearSuffix="a">Merejkowsky 1878a</bibRefCitation>
). In synonymy, the species has records from the east South Pacific up to California and within the west South Pacific, specifically in
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFD7FFE38256E0BDFE7AE19A" box="[366,477,389,415]" name="Australia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Australia</collectingCountry>
. However, this is likely incorrect, see Remarks below.
@ -203,13 +206,13 @@ Our specimen conforms to the description of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE381C1E0CDFB4FE20A" authority="(Merejkowsky 1878 b)" baseAuthorityName="Merejkowsky" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[761,1256,501,527]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE381C1E0CDFC75E20A" box="[761,978,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Aplysilla glacialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE380D0E0CDFB47E20A" author="Merejkowsky K. S." box="[1000,1248,501,527]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref29375" refString="Merejkowsky K. S. 1878 b. Etudes sur les eponges de la Mer Blanche. Memoires de l'Academie imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, VII serie 26 (7): 1-51." type="journal article" year="1878">Merejkowsky 1878b</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE380D0E0CDFB47E20A" author="Merejkowsky" box="[1000,1248,501,527]" firstAuthor="Merejkowsky" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref29375" refString="Merejkowsky K. S. 1878 b. Etudes sur les eponges de la Mer Blanche. Memoires de l'Academie imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, VII serie 26 (7): 1-51." type="journal article" year="1878" yearSuffix="b">Merejkowsky 1878b</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
which has its
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFD7FFE383D5E321FE87E236" box="[237,288,537,563]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">type</typeStatus>
locality in the White Sea. De
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE38190E320FC21E237" author="Laubenfels M. W. de" box="[680,902,536,562]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 217" refId="ref29114" refString="Laubenfels M. W. de 1948. The order Keratosa of the phylum Porifera. A monographic study. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 3: 1-217." type="journal article" year="1948">Laubenfels (1948)</bibRefCitation>
locality in the White Sea.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE38141E321FC21E237" author="Laubenfels M. W. de" box="[633,902,536,563]" firstAuthor="De Laubenfels" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 217" refId="ref29114" refString="Laubenfels M. W. de 1948. The order Keratosa of the phylum Porifera. A monographic study. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 3: 1-217." type="journal article" year="1948">De Laubenfels (1948)</bibRefCitation>
synonymised several other names with
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE383FDE304FEE9E250" baseAuthorityName="Merejkowsky" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[197,334,571,598]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE383FDE304FEE9E250" box="[197,334,571,598]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A. glacialis</emphasis>
@ -217,14 +220,14 @@ synonymised several other names with
, namely: a)
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE382D4E303FC2AE250" authority="Hentschel, 1929" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1929" box="[492,909,571,597]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arenosa">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE382D4E303FD1BE250" box="[492,700,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Aplysilla arenosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE381F0E303FC2AE250" author="Hentschel E." box="[712,909,571,597]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel, 1929</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE381F0E303FC2AE250" author="Hentschel" box="[712,909,571,597]" firstAuthor="Hentschel" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the North Atlantic a preoccupied name later substituted with
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE38131E366FD6CE27D" authorityName="de Laubenfels" authorityYear="1948" box="[521,715,606,632]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arctica">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38131E366FD6CE27D" box="[521,715,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Aplysilla arctica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by de
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE38022E366FC55E27C" author="Laubenfels M. W. de" box="[794,1010,606,633]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 217" refId="ref29114" refString="Laubenfels M. W. de 1948. The order Keratosa of the phylum Porifera. A monographic study. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 3: 1-217." type="journal article" year="1948">Laubenfels (1948)</bibRefCitation>
by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE381CFE366FC55E27C" author="Laubenfels M. W. de" box="[759,1010,606,633]" firstAuthor="de Laubenfels" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="1 - 217" refId="ref29114" refString="Laubenfels M. W. de 1948. The order Keratosa of the phylum Porifera. A monographic study. Occasional Papers of the Allan Hancock Foundation 3: 1-217." type="journal article" year="1948">de Laubenfels (1948)</bibRefCitation>
, b)
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE38718E366FEA5E299" authority="Lendenfeld, 1889" authorityName="Lendenfeld" authorityYear="1889" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="palida">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38718E366FB7CE27D" box="[1056,1243,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Aplysilla palida</emphasis>
@ -250,9 +253,9 @@ Thiele, 1905
is reported from northern
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFD7FFE38027E3F1FCDAE2E6" box="[799,893,713,739]" name="Norway" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Norway</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE380AAE3F0FBE8E2E7" author="Hentschel E." box="[914,1103,712,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel 1929</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE380AAE3F0FBE8E2E7" author="Hentschel" box="[914,1103,712,738]" firstAuthor="Hentschel" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel 1929</bibRefCitation>
), and
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE38798E3F0FAC9E2E7" author="Hentschel E." box="[1184,1390,712,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel (1929)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD7FFE38798E3F0FAC9E2E7" author="Hentschel" box="[1184,1390,712,738]" firstAuthor="Hentschel" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel (1929)</bibRefCitation>
considers its main distinguishing feature to be strong content of organic foreign material. However, the descriptions for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE382B0E237FDA1E32D" baseAuthorityName="Merejkowsky" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[392,518,782,809]" class="Demospongiae" family="Darwinellidae" genus="Aplysilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendroceratida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="glacialis">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE382B0E237FDA1E32D" box="[392,518,782,809]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A glacialis</emphasis>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="25259C454485D5954F9F7AAD9105BF77">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD7FFE38186E526FCD1E43D" blockId="19.[702,886,1054,1116]" box="[702,886,1054,1081]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="C15B8191FFD7FFE38186E526FCD1E43D" box="[702,886,1054,1081]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38186E526FC90E43C" bold="true" box="[702,823,1054,1081]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Haliclona</emphasis>
sp. 1
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</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD7FFE383FDE5BBFCF9E517" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD7FFE383FDE5BBFE15E498" blockId="19.[197,434,1155,1181]" box="[197,434,1155,1181]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE383FDE5BBFE15E498" bold="true" box="[197,434,1155,1181]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD7FFE383FDE58AFCF9E517" blockId="19.[197,1391,1201,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD7FFE383FDE58AFCFDE517" accessionNumber="OM436271, OM415636" collectingDate="2019-11-02" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="28" longitude="11.169" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="GNM Porifera 1021" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFD7FFE383FDE58AFE98E4C9" box="[197,319,1202,1228]" name="Sweden" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD7FFE38266E58AFE12E4C9" box="[350,437,1202,1228]" count="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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;
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,
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;
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<quantity id="5D549B18FFD7FFE380B1E589FC60E4C9" box="[905,967,1201,1228]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
depth
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;
<date id="EE12103DFFD7FFE3871DE58AFB19E4C9" box="[1061,1214,1202,1228]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2019-11-02">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD7FFE3871DE58AFB19E4C9" box="[1061,1214,1202,1228]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2019-11-02">2 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD7FFE387F5E58AFAC8E4C9" box="[1229,1391,1202,1228]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191102-1]; SCUBA; LAR-191102-PB02033738; GenBank nos:
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(coxI),
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFD7FFE383FDE5C0FEEBE516" box="[197,332,1272,1299]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415636" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">OM415636</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
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</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<caption id="CED36675FFD7FFE38385E673FE97E78D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168681" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168681/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[189,232,1867,1893]" targetBox="[190,1398,1371,1828]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD7FFE38385E673FE97E78D" blockId="19.[187,1399,1867,1929]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38385E673FEAFE760" bold="true" box="[189,264,1867,1893]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE38236E673FE67E760" box="[270,448,1867,1894]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38236E673FE24E760" box="[270,387,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Haliclona</emphasis>
sp. 1
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. specimen GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD7FFE381B2E673FD4FE760" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[650,744,1867,1893]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1021, (LAR-191102-PB02033738).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38799E673FB11E760" bold="true" box="[1185,1206,1867,1893]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD7FFE38383E656FF68E78D" bold="true" box="[187,207,1902,1928]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B</emphasis>
. Oxeas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD0FFE483FDE028FE68E250" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD0FFE483FDE028FEF1E12F" blockId="20.[197,342,272,298]" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE483FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Description</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD0FFE483FDE007FAD7E19A" blockId="20.[195,1392,318,416]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
A massive encrusting specimen, of which only a fragment was collected ca
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD0FFE4872DE007FBF1E15C" box="[1045,1110,319,345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD0FFE4878FE007FB5FE15C" box="[1207,1272,319,345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
wide. The sponge was roughly cone-shaped, with an osculum on top of the chimney. The surface is velvety. The specimen was creamy white when alive, but turned yellowish beige when preserved in ethanol (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD0FFE4863FE0BDFAC5E19A" box="[1287,1378,389,415]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1867,1893]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,1371,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-290@19.[189,1401,1371,1829]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 8. Haliclona sp. 1. specimen GNM Porifera 1021, (LAR-191102-PB02033738).A. Live specimen. B. Oxeas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168681/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE483FDE0FEFE96E1E5" bold="true" box="[197,305,454,480]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD0FFE483FDE0CDFE68E250" blockId="20.[195,1391,501,598]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Due to the dimensions of the collected fragment it was not possible to produce a thick section. Spicules are thin oxeas, with a wide range of sizes (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD0FFE48184E320FCBFE237" box="[700,792,536,562]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="19.[189,232,1867,1893]" captionTargetBox="[190,1398,1371,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-290@19.[189,1401,1371,1829]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Fig. 8. Haliclona sp. 1. specimen GNM Porifera 1021, (LAR-191102-PB02033738).A. Live specimen. B. Oxeas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168681/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
), measuring: 71.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE480C4E320FB99E237" bold="true" box="[1020,1086,536,562]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">103.8</emphasis>
136.1 ±10.26 ×0.1
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD0FFE4860CE320FAFEE237" bold="true" box="[1332,1369,536,562]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">3.1</emphasis>
6.1± 1.27 µm (N=61).
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,78 +1,80 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="F118603E043ED235D6273D232BF2C554">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E2E048605537F6FF1BDE2FDA47E624AB">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5A49C6E2AEC9934BFD14E17DBE812682">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="9D183B8EB75C7A1D34A6AF053CAA23CC">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="120587EBFFD8FFEE811AE23CFC16E174" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD8FFEE811AE23CFC16E174" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFD8FFEE811AE23CFC16E174" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<treatment id="120587EBFFD8FFED811AE23CFB9EE38B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFD8FFED811AE23CFB9EE38B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFD8FFED811AE23CFB9EE38B" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD8FFEC811AE23CFBB6E31B" box="[546,1041,772,799]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD8FFEC811AE23CFBB6E31B" blockId="28.[546,1041,772,834]" box="[546,1041,772,799]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="C15B8191FFD8FFEC811AE23CFBB6E31B" box="[546,1041,772,799]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC811AE23CFBB6E31B" ID-CoL="4Z64V" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[546,1041,772,799]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Spinularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polymastiida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinularia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD8FFEC811AE23CFC81E31A" bold="true" box="[546,806,772,799]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spinularia spinularia</emphasis>
(Bowerbank, 1866)
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC800DE23DFBAEE31B" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[821,1033,772,799]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
@ -86,7 +88,7 @@
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD8FFEC83FDE251FD48E386" blockId="28.[197,751,873,900]" box="[197,751,873,900]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC83FDE251FD35E386" ID-CoL="84TRS" authority="Bowerbank 1866: 83" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="83" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,658,873,900]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Tethea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polymastiida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinularia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD8FFEC83FDE251FE35E386" box="[197,402,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tethea spinularia</emphasis>
Bowerbank 1866: 83
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC82A1E251FD35E386" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[409,658,873,900]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866: 83</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 9496.
</paragraph>
@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 83
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD8FFEC82FDE293FD1AE3C0" author="Fristedt K." box="[453,701,938,965]" page="16" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC82FDE293FD1AE3C0" author="Fristedt K." box="[453,701,938,965]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 1617</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC82FDE293FD1AE3C0" author="Fristedt" box="[453,701,938,965]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="16 - 17" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 1617</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
@ -109,9 +111,11 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 83
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFD8FFEC82E6E2F6FD41E3ED" author="Stephens J." box="[478,742,974,1001]" page="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" year="1915">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC82E6E2F6FD41E3ED" author="Stephens J." box="[478,742,974,1001]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref30892" refString="Stephens J. 1915. Sponges of the coasts of Ireland. I. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigation 1914: 1-43." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens 1915: 3132</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC82E6E2F6FD41E3ED" author="Stephens" box="[478,742,974,1001]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="31 - 32" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref30892" refString="Stephens J. 1915. Sponges of the coasts of Ireland. I. Fisheries, Ireland Scientific Investigation 1914: 1-43." type="journal article" year="1915">Stephens 1915: 3132</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Alander 1942: 76.
.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFD8FFEC803DE2F6FC71E3ED" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[773,982,974,1000]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 76</bibRefCitation>
.
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@ -122,7 +126,7 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 83
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)
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• 2 specs;
@ -130,373 +134,420 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 83
,
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depth;
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leg. [SK51]; dredge; P069-111011-1 and P069-111122-5; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC87B1E559FB6AE47E" box="[1161,1229,1121,1147]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC87E1E559FA90E47E" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1241,1335,1121,1147]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
781
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC87B1E559FB6AE47E" box="[1161,1229,1121,1147]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
Porifera 781
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<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8217E5BCFE10E49A" box="[303,439,1156,1183]" degrees="58.1345" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.1345">58.1345° N</geoCoordinate>
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depth
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;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8177E5BCFD76E49A" box="[591,721,1156,1183]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="206.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8177E5BCFD76E49A" box="[591,721,1156,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">248206 m</elevation>
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depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC801CE5BCFC66E49B" box="[804,961,1156,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2006-08-25">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC801CE5BCFC66E49B" box="[804,961,1156,1183]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2006-08-25">25 Aug. 2006</collectingDate>
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;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC80F1E5BCFAC8E49B" box="[969,1391,1156,1182]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK58 (SK37 återbesök)]; dredge; P069-111011-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC80CEE590FB9DE4C7" box="[1014,1082,1192,1218]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC8771E59FFB00E4C4" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1097,1191,1191,1217]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
782
leg. [SK58 (SK37 återbesök)];
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; P069-111011-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC80CEE590FB9DE4C7" box="[1014,1082,1192,1218]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC8771E59FFB45E4C7" box="[1097,1250,1191,1218]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 782</specimenCode>
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3 specs;
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<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC83FDE5F2FEF6E4E0" box="[197,337,1226,1253]" degrees="58.7274" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.7274">58.7274° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8258E5F2FE4DE4E0" box="[352,490,1226,1253]" degrees="10.5400" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.54">10.5400° E</geoCoordinate>
; 134
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC810CE5F3FD68E4E0" box="[564,719,1227,1253]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="126.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC810CE5F3FD27E4E0" box="[564,640,1227,1253]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="126.0">126 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC82C1E5F3FD27E4E0" box="[505,640,1227,1253]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="126.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC82C1E5F3FD27E4E0" box="[505,640,1227,1253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">134126 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC81E5E5F3FC25E4E0" box="[733,898,1227,1253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2006-05-30">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC81E5E5F3FC25E4E0" box="[733,898,1227,1253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2006-05-30">30 May 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC80B7E5F3FA9DE4E0" box="[911,1338,1227,1253]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 7]; dredge; P069-111011-3 to 5; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC81D6E5D6FC95E50D" box="[750,818,1262,1288]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC8002E5D6FC3FE50D" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[826,920,1262,1288]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
780
leg. [SK 7];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC821DE5D6FEDEE50D" box="[293,377,1262,1288]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111011-3 to 5; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC81D6E5D6FC95E50D" box="[750,818,1262,1288]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC8002E5D6FC6AE50D" box="[826,973,1262,1288]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 780</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC80D0E5D6FD9CE54B" collectingDate="2007-08-24" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="14" latitude="58.9628" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0229" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC80D0E5D6FD9CE54B" collectingDate="2007-08-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.9628" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0229" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 788" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC80D0E5D6FB99E50D" box="[1000,1086,1262,1288]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8773E5D6FB71E50D" box="[1099,1238,1262,1289]" degrees="58.9628" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.9628">58.9628° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC87DBE5D6FACDE50D" box="[1251,1386,1262,1288]" degrees="11.0229" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="11.0229">11.0229° E</geoCoordinate>
; 49
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC83CBE429FED1E52E" box="[243,374,1297,1324]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="14.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC83CBE429FE8CE529" box="[243,299,1297,1324]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC83FDE429FE8CE529" box="[197,299,1297,1324]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="14.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC83FDE429FE8CE529" box="[197,299,1297,1324]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">4914 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC82B8E429FDB8E52E" box="[384,543,1297,1323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC82B8E429FDB8E52E" box="[384,543,1297,1323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-24">24 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC8111E429FC68E52E" box="[553,975,1297,1323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK96]; dredge; P069-111013- 1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC826FE40CFE3CE54B" box="[343,411,1332,1358]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC829EE40CFDA3E54B" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[422,516,1332,1358]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
788
leg. [SK96];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC8753E429FB18E52E" box="[1131,1215,1297,1323]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111013- 1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC826FE40CFE3CE54B" box="[343,411,1332,1358]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC829EE40CFD9CE54B" box="[422,571,1332,1358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 788</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8163E40CFAC8E577" collectingDate="2007-08-24" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="13" latitude="58.9537" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0189" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8163E40CFAC8E577" collectingDate="2007-08-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.9537" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0189" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 787" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC8163E40CFD14E54A" box="[603,691,1332,1359]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC81FAE40CFCF7E54A" box="[706,848,1332,1359]" degrees="58.9537" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.9537">58.9537° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8067E40CFC4FE54A" box="[863,1000,1332,1359]" degrees="11.0189" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="11.0189">11.0189° E</geoCoordinate>
; 47
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC871FE40CFB15E54B" box="[1063,1202,1332,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="13.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC871FE40CFBC4E54A" box="[1063,1123,1332,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="13.0">13 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC80C0E40CFBC4E54A" box="[1016,1123,1332,1359]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="13.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC80C0E40CFBC4E54A" box="[1016,1123,1332,1359]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">4713 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC87F9E40CFACDE54B" box="[1217,1386,1332,1358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC87F9E40CFACDE54B" box="[1217,1386,1332,1358]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-24">24 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC83FDE46FFDCCE574" box="[197,619,1367,1393]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK94]; dredge; P069-111031-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC87ACE460FB7FE577" box="[1172,1240,1368,1394]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC87E6E46FFA9BE574" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1246,1340,1367,1393]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
787
leg. [SK94];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC803FE46FFCFCE574" box="[775,859,1367,1393]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111031-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC87ACE460FB7FE577" box="[1172,1240,1368,1394]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC87E6E46FFAC8E577" box="[1246,1391,1367,1394]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 787</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC83EDE443FC71E5BD" collectingDate="2008-06-13" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="91" latitude="58.3191" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.9575" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC83EDE443FC71E5BD" collectingDate="2008-06-13" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.3191" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.9575" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 796" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC83EDE443FE8EE590" box="[213,297,1403,1429]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC820BE442FE64E590" box="[307,451,1402,1429]" degrees="58.3191" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.3191">58.3191° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC82F5E442FDF4E590" box="[461,595,1402,1429]" degrees="10.9575" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.9575">10.9575° E</geoCoordinate>
; 111
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC81A0E443FCBBE590" box="[664,796,1403,1429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="91.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC81A0E443FD76E590" box="[664,721,1403,1429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="91.0">91 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8167E443FD76E590" box="[607,721,1403,1429]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="91.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8167E443FD76E590" box="[607,721,1403,1429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">11191 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC801FE443FC19E590" box="[807,958,1403,1429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2008-06-13">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC801FE443FC19E590" box="[807,958,1403,1429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2008-06-13">13 Jun. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC80F0E443FAC8E590" box="[968,1391,1403,1429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK156]; dredge; P069-111107-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC81C1E4A6FC9AE5BD" box="[761,829,1438,1464]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC807CE4A6FC05E5BD" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[836,930,1438,1464]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
796
leg. [SK156];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC8253E4A6FE18E5BD" box="[363,447,1438,1464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111107-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC81C1E4A6FC9AE5BD" box="[761,829,1438,1464]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC807CE4A6FC71E5BD" box="[836,982,1438,1464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 796</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC80D6E4A6FD2AE5FB" collectingDate="2008-06-16" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="178" latitude="58.4728" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.6203" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC80D6E4A6FD2AE5FB" collectingDate="2008-06-16" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.4728" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.6203" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 966" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC80D6E4A6FBE5E5BD" box="[1006,1090,1438,1464]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8776E4A6FB7FE5BD" box="[1102,1240,1438,1465]" degrees="58.4728" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.4728">58.4728° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC87DBE4A6FACDE5BD" box="[1251,1386,1438,1464]" degrees="10.6203" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.6203">10.6203° E</geoCoordinate>
; 210
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8239E4F9FE39E5DE" box="[257,414,1473,1500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="178.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8239E4F9FEE9E5D9" box="[257,334,1473,1500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="178.0">178 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC83FDE4F9FEE9E5D9" box="[197,334,1473,1500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="178.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC83FDE4F9FEE9E5D9" box="[197,334,1473,1500]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">210178 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC8296E4F9FDF7E5DE" box="[430,592,1473,1500]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2008-06-16">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC8296E4F9FDF7E5DE" box="[430,592,1473,1500]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2008-06-16">16 Jun. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC8166E4F9FBACE5DE" box="[606,1035,1473,1499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK181]; dredge; P069- 111122-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8297E4DCFE54E5FB" box="[431,499,1508,1534]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC82C3E4DCFDFEE5FB" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[507,601,1508,1534]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
966
leg. [SK181];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC87FDE4F9FABEE5DE" box="[1221,1305,1473,1499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069- 111122-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8297E4DCFE54E5FB" box="[431,499,1508,1534]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC82C3E4DCFD2AE5FB" box="[507,653,1508,1534]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 966</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC819EE4DCFEF3E640" collectingDate="2007-08-28" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="147" latitude="58.5058" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.6734" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
3 specs;
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC819EE4DCFEF3E640" collectingDate="2007-08-28" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.5058" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.6734" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 789" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC819EE4DCFD58E5FA" box="[678,767,1508,1535]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8033E4DCFC32E5FA" box="[779,917,1508,1535]" degrees="58.5058" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.5058">58.5058° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8099E4DCFB8EE5FA" box="[929,1065,1508,1535]" degrees="10.6734" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.6734">10.6734° E</geoCoordinate>
; 179
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8749E4DCFAA1E5FB" box="[1137,1286,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="147.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8749E4DCFB1DE5FA" box="[1137,1210,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="147.0">147 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC870DE4DCFB1DE5FA" box="[1077,1210,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="147.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC870DE4DCFB1DE5FA" box="[1077,1210,1508,1535]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">179147 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC862AE4DCFEA4E627" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-28">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC862AE4DCFEA4E627" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-28">28 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC8237E73FFD1FE624" box="[271,696,1543,1569]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK114]; dredge; P069-111122-911; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8612E730FAC9E627" box="[1322,1390,1544,1570]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC83FDE713FE84E640" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[197,291,1579,1605]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
789
leg. [SK114];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC8053E73FFC18E624" box="[875,959,1543,1569]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-911; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8612E730FAC9E627" box="[1322,1390,1544,1570]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC83FDE713FEF3E640" box="[197,340,1579,1605]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 789</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8252E713FB41E66D" collectingDate="2007-08-23" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="18" latitude="58.9308" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.9894" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
3 specs;
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8252E713FB41E66D" collectingDate="2007-08-23" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.9308" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.9894" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 786" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC8252E713FE66E640" box="[362,449,1579,1605]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC82F3E712FDF4E640" box="[459,595,1578,1605]" degrees="58.9308" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.9308">58.9308° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8165E713FD44E640" box="[605,739,1579,1605]" degrees="10.9894" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.9894">10.9894° E</geoCoordinate>
; 34
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8024E713FC3AE640" box="[796,925,1579,1605]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="18.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8024E713FCF4E640" box="[796,851,1579,1605]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC81D5E713FCF4E640" box="[749,851,1579,1605]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="18.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC81D5E713FCF4E640" box="[749,851,1579,1605]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">3418 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC809FE713FBE2E640" box="[935,1093,1579,1605]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-23">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC809FE713FBE2E640" box="[935,1093,1579,1605]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-23">23 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC8776E713FEECE66D" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK92]; dredge; P069-111122-12 to 14; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC80C4E776FBE7E66D" box="[1020,1088,1614,1640]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC8776E776FB0BE66D" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1102,1196,1614,1640]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
786
leg. [SK92];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC82C4E776FDF7E66D" box="[508,592,1614,1640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-12 to 14; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC80C4E776FBE7E66D" box="[1020,1088,1614,1640]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC8776E776FB41E66D" box="[1102,1254,1614,1640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 786</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8633E776FBE9E6AB" collectingDate="2007-08-30" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="326" latitude="58.487" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4228" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
7 specs;
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8633E776FBE9E6AB" collectingDate="2007-08-30" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.487" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4228" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 792" specimenCount="7">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC8633E776FACDE66D" box="[1291,1386,1614,1640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">7 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC83FDE749FEF1E689" box="[197,342,1649,1676]" degrees="58.4870" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.487">58.4870° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8251E749FE5FE689" box="[361,504,1649,1676]" degrees="10.4228" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.4228">10.4228° E</geoCoordinate>
; 348
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC817EE749FD4DE68E" box="[582,746,1649,1676]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="326.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC817EE749FD30E689" box="[582,663,1649,1676]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="326.0">326 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8133E749FD30E689" box="[523,663,1649,1676]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="326.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8133E749FD30E689" box="[523,663,1649,1676]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">348326 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC81C5E749FC09E68E" box="[765,942,1649,1675]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-30">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC81C5E749FC09E68E" box="[765,942,1649,1675]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-30">30 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC8087E749FAC8E68E" box="[959,1391,1649,1675]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK128]; dredge; P069-111122-15 to 21; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8051E7ACFC0AE6AB" box="[873,941,1684,1710]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC8080E7ACFBB1E6AB" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[952,1046,1684,1710]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
792
leg. [SK128];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC824BE7ACFE60E6AB" box="[371,455,1684,1710]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-15 to 21; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8051E7ACFC0AE6AB" box="[873,941,1684,1710]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC8080E7ACFBE9E6AB" box="[952,1102,1684,1710]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 792</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8757E7ACFC8BE6F0" collectingDate="2007-08-20" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="46" latitude="58.1352" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
2 specs;
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8757E7ACFC8BE6F0" collectingDate="2007-08-20" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.1352" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 964" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC8757E7ACFB6BE6AA" box="[1135,1228,1684,1711]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC87E4E7ACFACDE6AA" box="[1244,1386,1684,1711]" degrees="58.1352" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.1352">58.1352° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC83FDE78FFEEBE6D7" box="[197,332,1719,1746]" degrees="11.2512" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="11.2512">11.2512° E</geoCoordinate>
; 51
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC82BCE78FFDA8E6D4" box="[388,527,1719,1746]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="46.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC82BCE78FFE65E6D7" box="[388,450,1719,1746]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="46.0">46 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8261E78FFE65E6D7" box="[345,450,1719,1746]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="46.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8261E78FFE65E6D7" box="[345,450,1719,1746]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">5146 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC8123E780FD67E6D7" box="[539,704,1720,1746]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-20">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC8123E780FD67E6D7" box="[539,704,1720,1746]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-20">20 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC81F3E78FFBD3E6D4" box="[715,1140,1719,1745]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK67]; dredge; P069-111122-2 and 3; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8171E7E3FD2AE6F0" box="[585,653,1755,1781]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC81AFE7E3FD52E6F0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[663,757,1755,1781]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
964
leg. [SK67];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC862FE78FFACCE6D4" box="[1303,1387,1719,1745]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-2 and 3; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC8171E7E3FD2AE6F0" box="[585,653,1755,1781]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC81AFE7E3FC8BE6F0" box="[663,812,1755,1781]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 964</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8073E7E3FDBCE73E" collectingDate="2007-08-30" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="317" latitude="58.3772" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4784" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8073E7E3FDBCE73E" collectingDate="2007-08-30" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.3772" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4784" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 793" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC8073E7E3FC04E6F0" box="[843,931,1755,1781]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8089E7E2FB98E6F0" box="[945,1087,1754,1781]" degrees="58.3772" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.3772">58.3772° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8776E7E3FB7FE6F0" box="[1102,1240,1755,1781]" degrees="10.4784" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.4784">10.4784° E</geoCoordinate>
; 373
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC861AE7E3FEADE71D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.17" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="317.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC861AE7E3FAC8E6F0" box="[1314,1391,1755,1781]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.17" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="317.0">317 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC87DFE7E3FAC8E6F0" box="[1255,1391,1755,1781]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.17" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="317.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC87DFE7E3FAC8E6F0" box="[1255,1391,1755,1781]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">373317 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC8224E7C6FE6CE71D" box="[284,459,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-30">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC8224E7C6FE6CE71D" box="[284,459,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-30">30 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC82E4E7C6FC2CE71D" box="[476,907,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK129]; dredge; P069-111122-4; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC820EE619FEDDE73E" box="[310,378,1825,1851]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC82BEE619FE43E73E" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[390,484,1825,1851]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
793
leg. [SK129];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC8776E7C6FB05E71D" box="[1102,1186,1790,1816]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-4; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC820EE619FEDDE73E" box="[310,378,1825,1851]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC82BEE619FDBCE73E" box="[390,539,1825,1851]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 793</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8103E619FAC8E75B" collectingDate="2007-05-21" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="100" latitude="57.9272" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2378" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC8103E619FAC8E75B" collectingDate="2007-05-21" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.9272" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2378" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 783" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC8103E619FD33E739" box="[571,660,1825,1852]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC819CE619FC95E739" box="[676,818,1825,1852]" degrees="57.9272" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="57.9272">57.9272° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC8079E619FC6CE739" box="[833,971,1825,1852]" degrees="11.2378" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="11.2378">11.2378° E</geoCoordinate>
; 102
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC872EE619FB13E73E" box="[1046,1204,1825,1852]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="100.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC872EE619FBC3E739" box="[1046,1124,1825,1852]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC80E3E619FBC3E739" box="[987,1124,1825,1852]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC80E3E619FBC3E739" box="[987,1124,1825,1852]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">102100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC87FBE619FACDE73E" box="[1219,1386,1825,1852]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-05-21">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC87FBE619FACDE73E" box="[1219,1386,1825,1852]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-05-21">21 May 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC83FDE67CFDCCE75B" box="[197,619,1860,1886]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK65]; dredge; P069-111122-6; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC87ACE67CFB7FE75B" box="[1172,1240,1860,1886]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC87E6E67CFA9BE75B" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1246,1340,1860,1886]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
783
leg. [SK65];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC8030E67CFCFBE75B" box="[776,860,1860,1886]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-6; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC87ACE67CFB7FE75B" box="[1172,1240,1860,1886]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC87E6E67CFAC8E75B" box="[1246,1391,1860,1886]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 783</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC83EEE650FC71E7A0" collectingDate="2007-08-22" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="42" latitude="58.6954" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8392" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFEC83EEE650FC71E7A0" collectingDate="2007-08-22" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.6954" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8392" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 785" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC83EEE650FE8DE787" box="[214,298,1896,1922]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC820EE65FFE18E787" box="[310,447,1895,1922]" degrees="58.6954" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.6954">58.6954° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC82F3E650FDF5E787" box="[459,594,1896,1922]" degrees="10.8392" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="10.8392">10.8392° E</geoCoordinate>
; 64
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC81B2E65FFCB6E784" box="[650,785,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="42.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC81B2E65FFD62E787" box="[650,709,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="42.0">42 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC8166E65FFD62E787" box="[606,709,1895,1922]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="42.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC8166E65FFD62E787" box="[606,709,1895,1922]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">6442 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC8024E650FC1AE787" box="[796,957,1896,1922]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-22">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC8024E650FC1AE787" box="[796,957,1896,1922]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-22">22 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC80FFE65FFAC8E784" box="[967,1391,1895,1921]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK75]; dredge; P069-111122-7; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC81CDE6B3FC9EE7A0" box="[757,825,1931,1957]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD8FFEC807AE6B3FC07E7A0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[834,928,1931,1957]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
785
leg. [SK75];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC8258E6B3FE13E7A0" box="[352,436,1931,1957]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111122-7; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD8FFEC81CDE6B3FC9EE7A0" box="[757,825,1931,1957]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD8FFEC807AE6B3FC71E7A0" box="[834,982,1930,1957]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Porifera 785</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD8FFED80CAE6B3FD3FE12E" collectingDate="2007-08-29" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" latitude="58.5068" longLatPrecision="29" longitude="10.996" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 791" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD8FFEC80CAE6B3FBEFE7A0" box="[1010,1096,1931,1957]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC876EE6B2FB45E7A0" box="[1110,1250,1930,1957]" degrees="58.5068" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="5" value="58.5068">58.5068° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD8FFEC87D7E6B3FACDE7A0" box="[1263,1386,1931,1957]" degrees="10.996" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="55" value="10.996">10.996° E</geoCoordinate>
; 70
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC83CAE696FE95E7CD" box="[242,306,1966,1992]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD8FFEC83FDE696FE95E7CD" box="[197,306,1966,1992]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="38.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD8FFEC83FDE696FE95E7CD" box="[197,306,1966,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">7038 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC82AEE696FDE2E7CD" box="[406,581,1966,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-29">29 Aug. 2007</date>
; Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering leg. [SK118]; dredge; P069-
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD9FFED83FDE029FD04E1FB" blockId="29.[197,1391,272,510]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
111122-8; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED828DE029FE5EE12E" box="[437,505,273,299]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED813BE028FDC6E12F" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[515,609,272,298]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
791 • 11 specs;
<date id="EE12103DFFD8FFEC82AEE696FDE2E7CD" box="[406,581,1966,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-29">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD8FFEC82AEE696FDE2E7CD" box="[406,581,1966,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2007-08-29">29 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD8FFEC816DE696FBA3E7CD" box="[597,1028,1966,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK118];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD8FFEC87FBE696FAB0E7CD" box="[1219,1303,1966,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069- 111122-8; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED828DE029FE5EE12E" box="[437,505,273,299]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD9FFED813BE028FD3FE12E" box="[515,664,272,299]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Porifera 791</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD9FFED818EE029FEC5E177" collectingDate="2008-06-15" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="112.0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" latitude="58.7295" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7331" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 965" specimenCount="11">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD9FFED818EE029FCB8E12E" box="[694,799,273,299]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">11 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD9FFED8016E028FC1CE12E" box="[814,955,272,299]" degrees="58.7295" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="58.7295">58.7295° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD9FFED80F2E029FBF3E12E" box="[970,1108,273,299]" degrees="10.7331" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="10.7331">10.7331° E</geoCoordinate>
; 11277 depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD9FFED862FE028FEA4E14B" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-15">15 Jun. 2008</date>
; Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering leg. [SK172]; dredge; P069-111128-1 to 10; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED8612E00CFAC9E14B" box="[1322,1390,308,334]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED83FDE06FFE84E174" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[197,291,343,369]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
965; same collection data as for preceding; P069-111128-13; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED87B2E06FFB69E174" box="[1162,1230,343,369]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED87E2E06FFA9FE174" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1242,1336,343,369]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
967 •
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD9FFED875BE029FB1DE12E" box="[1123,1210,273,299]" metricUnit="m" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="112.0" valueMax="112.0" valueMin="77.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD9FFED875BE029FB1DE12E" box="[1123,1210,273,299]" metricUnit="m" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="112.0" valueMax="112.0" valueMin="77.0">11277</quantity>
</elevation>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD9FFED862FE028FEA4E14B" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-15">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD9FFED862FE028FEA4E14B" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-15">15 Jun. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD9FFED8234E00CFD14E14B" box="[268,691,308,334]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK172];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD9FFED8066E00CFC15E14B" box="[862,946,308,334]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111128-1 to 10; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED8612E00CFAC9E14B" box="[1322,1390,308,334]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD9FFED83FDE06FFEFAE177" box="[197,349,343,370]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Porifera 965</specimenCode>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD9FFED8255E06FFAC8E174" box="[365,1391,343,369]" collectingDate="2008-06-15" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" latitude="58.7295" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7331" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 967" specimenCount="1">
same collection data as for preceding; P069-111128-13; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED87B2E06FFB69E174" box="[1162,1230,343,369]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD9FFED87E2E06FFAC8E174" box="[1242,1391,343,369]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Porifera 967</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD9FFED83EDE042FC64E1B2" collectingDate="2008-06-09" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" latitude="57.8331" longLatPrecision="29" longitude="11.448" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 794" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD9FFED83EDE042FE8EE190" box="[213,297,378,405]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD9FFED820BE042FE1BE190" box="[307,444,378,405]" degrees="57.8331" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="57.8331">57.8331° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD9FFED82FFE042FD9AE190" box="[455,573,378,405]" degrees="11.448" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="55" value="11.448">11.448° E</geoCoordinate>
; 66
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD9FFED814CE042FD08E190" box="[628,687,378,405]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="42.0">42 m</quantity>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD9FFED8171E042FD08E190" box="[585,687,378,405]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="42.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD9FFED8171E042FD08E190" box="[585,687,378,405]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">6642 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD9FFED803CE042FC2AE191" box="[772,909,378,405]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-09">9 Jun. 2008</date>
; Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering leg. [SK141]; dredge; P069-111128-11; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED81D8E0A5FC83E1B2" box="[736,804,413,439]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED8016E0A5FC2BE1B2" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[814,908,413,439]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
794 •
<date id="EE12103DFFD9FFED803CE042FC2AE191" box="[772,909,378,405]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-09">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD9FFED803CE042FC2AE191" box="[772,909,378,405]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-09">9 Jun. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD9FFED80AEE042FA9AE191" box="[918,1341,378,404]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK141];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD9FFED8203E0A5FE28E1B2" box="[315,399,413,439]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069-111128-11; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED81D8E0A5FC83E1B2" box="[736,804,413,439]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD9FFED8016E0A5FC64E1B2" box="[814,963,413,439]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Porifera 794</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFD9FFED80D8E0A5FD04E1FB" collectingDate="2008-06-12" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" latitude="58.1151" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8574" pageId="29" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="Porifera 795" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFD9FFED80D8E0A5FB9FE1BD" box="[992,1080,413,440]" count="1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD9FFED877EE0A5FB75E1BD" box="[1094,1234,413,440]" degrees="58.1151" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="58.1151">58.1151° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFD9FFED87D8E0A5FACDE1BD" box="[1248,1386,413,440]" degrees="10.8574" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="5" value="10.8574">10.8574° E</geoCoordinate>
; 228
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD9FFED823AE0F9FEE9E1DE" box="[258,334,449,475]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.71" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="171.0">171 m</quantity>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFD9FFED83FDE0F9FEE9E1DE" box="[197,334,449,475]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.71" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="171.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFD9FFED83FDE0F9FEE9E1DE" box="[197,334,449,475]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">228171 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFD9FFED8296E0F9FDF7E1DE" box="[430,592,449,475]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-12">12 Jun. 2008</date>
; Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering leg. [SK144]; dredge; P069- 111128-12; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED8286E0DCFDA5E1FB" box="[446,514,484,510]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED8132E0DCFDCFE1FB" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[522,616,484,510]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
795.
<date id="EE12103DFFD9FFED8296E0F9FDF7E1DE" box="[430,592,449,475]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-12">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFD9FFED8296E0F9FDF7E1DE" box="[430,592,449,475]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="2008-06-12">12 Jun. 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFD9FFED8166E0F8FBACE1DF" box="[606,1035,448,474]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK144];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFD9FFED87FDE0F8FABEE1DF" box="[1221,1305,448,474]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P069- 111128-12; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFD9FFED8286E0DCFDA5E1FB" box="[446,514,484,510]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFD9FFED8132E0DCFD38E1FB" box="[522,671,483,510]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Porifera 795</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD9FFEE83FDE31DFC16E174" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFD9FFED83FDE31DFB9EE38B" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD9FFED83FDE31DFEF1E23A" blockId="29.[197,342,549,575]" box="[197,342,549,575]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD9FFED83FDE31DFEF1E23A" bold="true" box="[197,342,549,575]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
@ -517,43 +568,6 @@ The skeleton is clearly divided between the cortex (ectosome) and the choanosome
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFD9FFED80F8E24CFB8BE38B" box="[960,1068,884,910]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[188,231,1967,1993]" captionTargetBox="[185,1403,1015,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-323@26.[185,1403,1015,1928]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 12. Raspailia cf. aculeata (Johnston, 1842) specimen, GNM Porifera 763 (P053-111101-2). A. Specimen preserved in ethanol. B. Thin styles. C. Oxeas. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168689/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="CED36675FFD9FFED8385E6B0FD64E7ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" startId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD9FFED8385E6B0FD64E7ED" blockId="29.[187,1398,1928,2025]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD9FFED8385E6B0FEBFE7A7" bold="true" box="[189,280,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED8226E6B0FCA6E7A7" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[286,769,1928,1954]" class="Demospongiae" family="Polymastiidae" genus="Spinularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polymastiida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinularia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD9FFED8226E6B0FDBFE7A7" box="[286,536,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Spinularia spinularia</emphasis>
(Bowerbank, 1866)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD9FFED8032E6B0FCB8E7A7" bold="true" box="[778,799,1928,1954]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A</emphasis>
. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED8620E6B0FAD1E7A7" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1304,1398,1928,1954]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
781 (P069-111011-1).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD9FFED82F4E693FE47E7C0" bold="true" box="[460,480,1963,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">B</emphasis>
. Tangential section, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED8012E693FC2FE7C0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[810,904,1963,1989]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
788 (P069-111031-1).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD9FFED879BE693FB1FE7C0" bold="true" box="[1187,1208,1963,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C</emphasis>
. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFD9FFED8262E6F6FE1FE7ED" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[346,440,1998,2024]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="29" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
789 (P069-111013-1).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDAFFEE817CE028FC57E12E" blockId="30.[580,1008,272,369]" box="[580,1008,272,299]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Order
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDAFFEE81A8E028FC57E12E" authority="Topsent, 1928" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[656,1008,272,299]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Poecilosclerida Topsent, 1928</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDAFFEE815BE00CFC76E14B" blockId="30.[580,1008,272,369]" box="[611,977,308,334]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Family
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDAFFEE8183E00CFC76E14B" authority="Dendy, 1922" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" box="[699,977,308,334]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Acarnidae Dendy, 1922</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDAFFEE81BAE06FFC16E174" blockId="30.[580,1008,272,369]" box="[642,945,343,369]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDAFFEE81EDE06FFC16E174" authority="Gray, 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[725,945,343,369]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE81EDE06FFC8FE174" box="[725,808,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Iophon</emphasis>
Gray, 1867
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
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<mods:title id="82AE364166C6FFCC53A499051FD71BC9">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="69D385C7F93948D306D46DAB4557B764">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDAFFEE8103E0A0FC5FE1B6" blockId="30.[571,1016,408,470]" box="[571,1016,408,435]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="C15B8191FFDAFFEE8103E0A0FC5FE1B6" box="[571,1016,408,435]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDAFFEE8103E0A0FC5FE1B6" ID-CoL="6N98F" authority="(Bowerbank, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[571,1016,408,435]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE8103E0A0FCAAE1B7" bold="true" box="[571,781,408,435]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Iophon nigricans</emphasis>
(Bowerbank, 1858)
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDAFFEE81C8E083FCE4E1D3" blockId="30.[571,1016,408,470]" box="[752,835,443,470]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDAFFEE81C8E083FCE4E1D3" box="[752,835,443,470]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,230,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[184,1404,557,1925]" captionTargetId="figure-66@30.[184,1404,557,1925]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 14. Iophon nigricans (Bowerbank, 1858) specimen, GNM Porifera 890 (P067-111006-1). A. Full specimen preserved in alcohol.B. Acantostyles. C. Acanthostyles with swollen tips.D. Chelae. E. Bipocilles." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168695/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<caption id="CED36675FFDAFFEE8385E693FAD0E7ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168695/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" startId="30.[189,230,1963,1989]" targetBox="[184,1404,557,1925]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDAFFEE8385E693FAD0E7ED" blockId="30.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE8385E693FEBEE7C0" bold="true" box="[189,281,1963,1989]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDAFFEE821BE693FD79E7C3" authority="(Bowerbank, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[291,734,1963,1990]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE821BE693FE56E7C0" box="[291,497,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Iophon nigricans</emphasis>
(Bowerbank, 1858)
</taxonomicName>
specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDAFFEE808CE693FBB4E7C0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[948,1043,1963,1989]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="30" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
890 (P067-111006-1).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE861BE693FA9FE7C0" bold="true" box="[1315,1336,1963,1989]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">A</emphasis>
. Full specimen preserved in alcohol.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE812FE6F6FD8CE7ED" bold="true" box="[535,555,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">B</emphasis>
. Acantostyles.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE81EDE6F6FD4DE7ED" bold="true" box="[725,746,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">C</emphasis>
. Acanthostyles with swollen tips.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE875AE6F6FBD0E7ED" bold="true" box="[1122,1143,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">D</emphasis>
. Chelae.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDAFFEE87E7E6F6FB55E7ED" bold="true" box="[1247,1266,1998,2024]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E</emphasis>
. Bipocilles.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDBFFEF83FDE028FD21E1D3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE028FC80E12F" blockId="31.[197,807,272,299]" box="[197,807,272,299]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE028FC84E12F" authority="Bowerbank 1866: 266 - 268" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="266 - 268" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,803,272,299]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE028FE7EE12F" box="[197,473,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Halichondria nigricans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF82D8E028FC84E12F" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[480,803,272,299]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866: 266268</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE06BFCE3E168" blockId="31.[197,836,338,470]" box="[197,836,338,365]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFDBFFEF83FDE06BFCE3E168" box="[197,836,338,365]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE06BFE31E169" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,406,339,364]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Esperia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE06BFE31E169" box="[197,406,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Esperia nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFDBFFEF828BE06AFD0DE168" author="Fristedt K." box="[435,682,338,365]" page="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF828BE06AFD0DE168" author="Fristedt" box="[435,682,338,365]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="34 - 35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 3435</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. III fig. 5.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE04DFCBCE195" blockId="31.[197,836,338,470]" box="[197,795,373,400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFDBFFEF83FDE04DFCBCE195" box="[197,795,373,400]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE04DFDBBE18A" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[197,540,373,399]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Dendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans" subGenus="Iophon">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE04DFE9EE18A" box="[197,313,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dendoryx</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF8271E04DFE3BE18A" box="[329,412,373,399]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iophon</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF8295E04EFDBBE18A" box="[429,540,374,399]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFDBFFEF8101E04EFCB0E195" author="Topsent E." box="[569,791,373,400]" page="528" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1891">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF8101E04EFCB0E195" author="Topsent" box="[569,791,373,400]" firstAuthor="Topsent" page="528" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent 1891: 528</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE0A0FCB6E1B7" blockId="31.[197,836,338,470]" box="[197,785,408,435]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFDBFFEF83FDE0A0FCB6E1B7" box="[197,785,408,435]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE0A0FE29E1B7" ID-CoL="6N98F" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[197,398,408,434]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE0A0FE29E1B7" box="[197,398,408,434]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iophon nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFDBFFEF8293E0A0FD31E1B7" author="Stephens J." box="[427,662,408,435]" page="233" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1916">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF8293E0A0FD31E1B7" author="Stephens" box="[427,662,408,435]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="233" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="232 - 242" refId="ref30917" refString="Stephens J. 1916. XX. - Preliminary notice of some Irish sponges. - The Monaxonellida (suborder Sigmatomonaxonellida) obtained by the fisheries branch of the Department of Agriculture and technical instruction, Ireland. Journal of Natural History Series 8 17 (99): 232-242. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222931508693773" type="journal article" year="1916">Stephens 1916: 233</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 1920: 29.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE083FD21E1D3" blockId="31.[197,836,338,470]" box="[197,646,443,470]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE083FE31E1D0" ID-CoL="3BJCL" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,406,443,469]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pattersoni">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE083FE31E1D0" box="[197,406,443,469]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iophon pattersoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF828AE083FD24E1D3" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[434,643,443,470]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 55</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDBFFEF83FDE0C5FE0DE2F0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE0C5FDFAE212" blockId="31.[197,605,509,535]" box="[197,605,509,535]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE0C5FE15E212" bold="true" box="[197,434,509,535]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDBFFEF82FBE0C5FDF2E212" box="[451,597,509,535]" count="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE314FE0DE2F0" blockId="31.[197,1391,555,758]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDBFFEF83FDE314FBC6E26C" collectingDate="2006-08-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.6451" location="SWEDEN" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.6114" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="Porifera 890" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFDBFFEF83FDE314FE98E243" box="[197,319,556,582]" name="Sweden" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDBFFEF8260E314FE0BE243" box="[344,428,556,582]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDBFFEF8280E313FDE4E243" box="[440,579,555,582]" degrees="57.6451" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="5" value="57.6451">57.6451° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDBFFEF8177E313FD73E243" box="[591,724,555,582]" degrees="11.6114" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="5" value="11.6114">11.6114° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDBFFEF81D8E314FCEFE243" box="[736,840,556,582]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="39.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDBFFEF81D8E314FCEFE243" box="[736,840,556,582]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">7439 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDBFFEF8098E314FBE5E240" box="[928,1090,555,582]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2006-08-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDBFFEF8098E314FBE5E240" box="[928,1090,555,582]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2006-08-24">24 Aug. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDBFFEF8774E313FEECE26C" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK51];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDBFFEF82D5E377FDE6E26C" box="[493,577,591,617]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P067-111006-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDBFFEF80B9E377FC62E26C" box="[897,965,591,617]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDBFFEF80F6E377FBC6E26C" box="[974,1121,591,617]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Porifera 890</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDBFFEF8744E377FD42E2AA" collectingDate="2006-08-31" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.1492" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.6842" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="Porifera 618" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDBFFEF8744E377FB75E26C" box="[1148,1234,591,617]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDBFFEF87E7E377FACDE26C" box="[1247,1386,591,618]" degrees="57.1492" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="5" value="57.1492">57.1492° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDBFFEF83FDE34AFEECE289" box="[197,331,626,652]" degrees="11.6842" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="5" value="11.6842">11.6842° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDBFFEF8260E34AFE66E289" box="[344,449,626,652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="27.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDBFFEF8260E34AFE66E289" box="[344,449,626,652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">3027 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDBFFEF8121E34AFD1AE289" box="[537,701,626,652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2006-08-31">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDBFFEF8121E34AFD1AE289" box="[537,701,626,652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2006-08-31">31 Aug. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDBFFEF81F0E34AFBD7E289" box="[712,1136,626,652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [KA19];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDBFFEF862FE34AFACCE289" box="[1303,1387,626,652]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P067-111104-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDBFFEF82C7E3ADFDE4E2AA" box="[511,579,661,687]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDBFFEF8177E3ADFD42E2AA" box="[591,741,661,687]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Porifera 618</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDBFFEF8030E3ADFE01E2F0" collectingDate="2009-08-20" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.5213" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.6144" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="Porifera 960" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDBFFEF8030E3ADFCC6E2B5" box="[776,865,661,688]" count="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDBFFEF804AE3ADFBA6E2B5" box="[882,1025,661,688]" degrees="57.5213" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="5" value="57.5213">57.5213° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDBFFEF8729E3ADFB3BE2B5" box="[1041,1180,661,688]" degrees="11.6144" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="5" value="11.6144">11.6144° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDBFFEF8795E3ADFABDE2B5" box="[1197,1306,661,688]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="25.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDBFFEF8795E3ADFABDE2B5" box="[1197,1306,661,688]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">3025 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDBFFEF83FDE380FECAE2D7" box="[197,365,696,723]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2009-08-20">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDBFFEF83FDE380FECAE2D7" box="[197,365,696,723]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2009-08-20">20 Aug. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDBFFEF8242E380FC81E2D7" box="[378,806,696,722]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [KA111];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDBFFEF80D8E380FB93E2D7" box="[992,1076,696,722]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P067-111107-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDBFFEF83FDE3E4FEAEE2F3" box="[197,265,732,758]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDBFFEF8228E3E3FE01E2F0" box="[272,422,731,757]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Porifera 960</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDBFFEF83FDE225FAA6E4F5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE225FEF1E332" blockId="31.[197,342,797,823]" box="[197,342,797,823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE225FEF1E332" bold="true" box="[197,342,797,823]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE273FD8FE410" blockId="31.[196,1391,843,1046]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
The
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDBFFEF83C6E273FE18E360" box="[254,447,843,869]" count="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
have a cushion or arborescent morphology. The colour is dark brown when preserved in ethanol and the natural colour is unknown. The surface is irregular with visible ridges that correspond to the aquiferous system (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF81BEE2AAFD51E3A9" box="[646,758,914,940]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-208@29.[186,1401,971,1882]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Spinularia spinularia(Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM Porifera 781 (P069-111011-1). B. Tangential section, GNM Porifera 788 (P069-111031-1). C. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM Porifera 789 (P069-111013-1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
). However, the transparent membrane at the surface, typical for specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF82DCE28EFDCCE3CA" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[484,619,950,975]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF82DCE28EFDCCE3CA" box="[484,619,950,975]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">I. nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is not visible. This membrane was possibly lost during collecting as all specimens were collected by dredging. The surface is hispid (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF873DE2E0FBD1E3F7" box="[1029,1142,984,1010]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-208@29.[186,1401,971,1882]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Spinularia spinularia(Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM Porifera 781 (P069-111011-1). B. Tangential section, GNM Porifera 788 (P069-111031-1). C. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM Porifera 789 (P069-111013-1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
). The consistency is friable and very compressible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE505FE96E452" blockId="31.[197,305,1085,1111]" box="[197,305,1085,1111]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE505FE96E452" bold="true" box="[197,305,1085,1111]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE553FAA6E4F5" blockId="31.[193,1391,1131,1264]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Megascleres are: acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF8178E553FD0CE483" box="[576,683,1131,1158]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-208@29.[186,1401,971,1882]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Spinularia spinularia(Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM Porifera 781 (P069-111011-1). B. Tangential section, GNM Porifera 788 (P069-111031-1). C. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM Porifera 789 (P069-111013-1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
). measuring 198
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF8044E553FC6AE480" bold="true" box="[892,973,1131,1157]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">267.9</emphasis>
293.9 ± 26.6 ×4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF87B6E553FB14E480" bold="true" box="[1166,1203,1131,1157]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">7.4</emphasis>
10.6 ± 2.39 µm (N =11), and tylotyles with spined crowns at the ends (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF8083E5B7FB94E4AC" box="[955,1075,1167,1193]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-208@29.[186,1401,971,1882]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Spinularia spinularia(Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM Porifera 781 (P069-111011-1). B. Tangential section, GNM Porifera 788 (P069-111031-1). C. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM Porifera 789 (P069-111013-1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13C</figureCitation>
), measuring 220
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF8626E5B6FAC7E4AD" bold="true" box="[1310,1376,1166,1192]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">252.1</emphasis>
278.9± 21.73 ×3.9
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF8293E58AFE77E4C9" bold="true" box="[427,464,1202,1228]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">5.8</emphasis>
7.5 ± 1.24 µm (N =8). Microscleres are: palmate anisochelae in two size categories (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF8273E5EDFE7CE4EA" box="[331,475,1237,1263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-208@29.[186,1401,971,1882]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Spinularia spinularia(Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM Porifera 781 (P069-111011-1). B. Tangential section, GNM Porifera 788 (P069-111031-1). C. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM Porifera 789 (P069-111013-1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13CD</figureCitation>
), 10 µm and 30 µm, and very small bipocilles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF873EE5EDFBC8E4EA" box="[1030,1135,1237,1263]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,971,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-208@29.[186,1401,971,1882]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 13. Spinularia spinularia(Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen preserved in ethanol, GNM Porifera 781 (P069-111011-1). B. Tangential section, GNM Porifera 788 (P069-111031-1). C. Tylostyles and oxeas, GNM Porifera 789 (P069-111013-1)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168691/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13E</figureCitation>
), ca 7.5 µm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDBFFEF83FDE42EFE1AE5CC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE42EFE5EE534" blockId="31.[197,505,1302,1329]" box="[197,505,1302,1329]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE42EFE5EE534" bold="true" box="[197,505,1302,1329]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE47DFE1AE5CC" blockId="31.[197,1391,1349,1481]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
The
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFDBFFEF83C1E47EFE8BE565" box="[249,300,1350,1376]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
locality is off
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFDBFFEF82EBE47DFDE4E55A" box="[467,579,1349,1375]" country="United Kingdom" name="Cornwall" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cornwall</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFDBFFEF8176E47DFD13E55A" box="[590,692,1349,1375]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">England</collectingCountry>
. Furthermore, this species has been reported from the North Atlantic (both eastern and western parts), from the Bering Sea to southern
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFDBFFEF8777E450FB11E587" box="[1103,1206,1384,1410]" name="Portugal" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Portugal</collectingCountry>
. There are also some reports from the Mediterranean Sea. This wide distribution might indicate that
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF879EE4B3FAC8E5A0" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1190,1391,1419,1445]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigricans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF879EE4B3FAC8E5A0" box="[1190,1391,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Iophon nigricans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a species complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDBFFEF83FDE4C8FAADE659" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE4C8FE90E60F" blockId="31.[197,311,1520,1546]" box="[197,311,1520,1546]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE4C8FE90E60F" bold="true" box="[197,311,1520,1546]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE727FAADE659" blockId="31.[197,1391,1567,1628]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Unfortunately, we were not successful in generating sequences for these specimens. The amplicons obtained resulted in sequences of bacterial contamination from the phylum
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF8701E77AFAA2E659" box="[1081,1285,1602,1628]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Pseudomonadota" rank="phylum">Pseudomonadota</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="B0E1CDC04C9B7C3582E3AB44ED31F6BE" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168665" ID-ZooBank="CB8545D0-094C-4EBE-AD65-0420FD27B7D5" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1744039343576" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pereira, Raquel, Larsson, Mats, Cárdenas, Paco &amp; Thollesson, Mikael" docDate="2025" docId="120587EBFFDBFFD1812FE7DFFE9BE602" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2025.983.1-64.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 983" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2835/12931" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hymedesmia jecusculum Bowerbank 1866" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="EE3CFF93FFC4FFF08338E138FFA7E005" masterDocTitle="Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1744225433306" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="42B1DB2A74EB12E67E72E7A628AF5761">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C03C7CE02467877C799DF5BD6F456DB8">Pereira, Raquel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A104A78B819E657C5868139B5332344D">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="21B2C3D9367AB99DD858756B3FD4E7C5" type="email">raquel.pereira@ebc.uu.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4FAF8D1CEA42C37966F814E041FD7027">Larsson, Mats</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="789758BF1BDB4642618C01F924CDF094">Krokstrands Bigårdar, Brämmenvägen 10, SE- 452 93 Strömstad, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A9CB10A032D5657D03D09453E834A3AC">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="858A8D1249F19FD5E5437A572397E01F">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="87F91CEB2C25C09676C79EAE265118B1">Thollesson, Mikael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="354ABDD3C8B2579F1A66051E20B9679D">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF812FE7DFFBBAE707" blockId="31.[535,1053,1767,1830]" box="[535,1053,1767,1794]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="C15B8191FFDBFFEF812FE7DFFBBAE707" box="[535,1053,1767,1794]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF812FE7DFFBBAE707" ID-CoL="3NH6X" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[535,1053,1767,1794]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF812FE7DFFCE2E707" bold="true" box="[535,837,1767,1794]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hymedesmia jecusculum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF8074E7D0FBBAE707" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[844,1053,1768,1794]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="02972A78FFDBFFEF81C8E633FCE4E723" box="[752,835,1803,1830]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[195,238,1815,1841]" captionTargetBox="[191,1412,861,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-221@32.[191,1413,860,1775]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 15. Hymedesmia jecusculum Bowerbank, 1866. A. Specimen, GNM Porifera 1075 (LAR-191116- PB16045355). B. Spicule preparation showing one long acanthostyle, tornotes and arcuate chelae, GNM Porifera 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256). C. Detail of a small acanthostyle GNM Porifera, 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168697/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDBFFEF83FDE674FCEEE762" blockId="31.[197,841,1868,1895]" box="[197,841,1868,1895]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE674FCE2E762" authority="Bowerbank 1866: 198 - 200" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="198 - 200" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,837,1868,1895]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE674FE5CE763" box="[197,507,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hymeniacidon jecusculum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF813AE674FCE2E762" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[514,837,1868,1895]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866: 198200</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDBFFEF83FDE6B6FE40E7AD" ID-CoL="3NH6X" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,487,1934,1960]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDBFFEF83FDE6B6FE40E7AD" box="[197,487,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Hymedesmia jecusculum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDBFFEF813BE6B6FD70E7AD" author="Ackers R. G. &amp; Moss D. &amp; Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C." bookContentInfo="1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." box="[515,727,1934,1960]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref27051" refString="Ackers R. G., Moss D., Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2007. Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;). 1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." title="Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;)" type="book" year="2007">Ackers 2007: 100</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD083FDE028FE15E12F" bold="true" box="[197,434,272,298]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined</emphasis>
(
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leg. [MM-180916-1];
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; LAR-180918-7215, 7217; GenBank no.:
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(coxI); voucher:
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<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE4FFD08237E0BDFE0AE1A5" box="[271,429,389,416]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Porifera 1071</specimenCode>
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; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-180918-7254, 7256; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE4FFD083FDE091FEAEE1C6" box="[197,265,425,451]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE4FFD0822EE091FE67E1C6" box="[278,448,425,451]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Porifera 1072</specimenCode>
;
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<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE4FFD082EBE091FCB7E1E3" collectingDate="2018-09-23" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="Porifera 1073" specimenCount="1">
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leg. [MM-180923-1];
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; LAR-180923- 73677368, 7372; voucher:
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<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE4FFD08153E0F4FCB7E1E3" box="[619,784,460,486]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Porifera 1073</specimenCode>
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;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE4FFD083FDE0D7FEA3E20F" box="[197,260,495,522]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE4FFD083FDE0D7FEA3E20F" box="[197,260,495,522]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFE4FFD0825BE0D7FE5BE20C" box="[355,508,495,522]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2018-12-09">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE4FFD0825BE0D7FE5BE20C" box="[355,508,495,522]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2018-12-09">9 Dec. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE4FFD08134E0C8FD08E20F" box="[524,687,496,522]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-181209-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE4FFD080FDE0D7FB8CE20C" box="[965,1067,495,521]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-181209-8217, 8219, 8222; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE4FFD08286E32AFDE2E228" box="[446,581,530,557]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436265" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">OM436265</accessionNumber>
(coxI); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE4FFD0802CE32AFCFFE229" box="[788,856,530,556]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE4FFD08059E32AFBA5E229" box="[865,1026,530,556]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Porifera 1074</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE4FFD08725E32AFC25E276" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" elevation="30" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" municipality="Yttre Vattenholmen" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCode="Porifera 1075" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE4FFD08725E32AFBD4E228" box="[1053,1139,530,557]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFE4FFD087B8E32BFACCE229" box="[1152,1387,530,557]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Yttre Vattenholmen</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE4FFD083FDE30DFEF5E255" box="[197,338,565,592]" degrees="58.8754" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="5" value="58.8754">58.8754° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE4FFD08259E30DFE4CE255" box="[353,491,565,592]" degrees="11.1056" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="5" value="11.1056">11.1056° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE4FFD082C3E30EFD9DE255" box="[507,570,566,592]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE4FFD082C3E30EFD9DE255" box="[507,570,566,592]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFE4FFD081A0E30DFCE7E255" box="[664,832,565,592]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2019-11-16">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE4FFD081A0E30DFCE7E255" box="[664,832,565,592]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="2019-11-16">16 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE4FFD08068E30EFC55E255" box="[848,1010,566,592]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191116-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE4FFD0863DE30EFACCE255" box="[1285,1387,566,592]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191116-PB16045355; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE4FFD081B6E361FD75E276" box="[654,722,601,627]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE4FFD081E2E361FCDAE276" box="[730,893,600,627]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Porifera 1075</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE4FFD183FDE3A2FE8EE1E3" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE4FFD083FDE3A2FEF1E2B1" blockId="32.[197,342,666,692]" box="[197,342,666,692]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<heading id="C15B8191FFE4FFD083FDE3A2FEF1E2B1" bold="true" box="[197,342,666,692]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD083FDE3A2FEF1E2B1" bold="true" box="[197,342,666,692]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE4FFD083FDE3F1FBBAE32C" blockId="32.[196,1391,713,810]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
The specimens have a thin incrusting morphology, with a micro-velvety to smooth surface. Oscula are not visible, and pores are concentrated in elevated pore sieves (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE4FFD08081E3D4FB8FE302" box="[953,1064,748,775]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[195,238,1815,1841]" captionTargetBox="[191,1412,861,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-221@32.[191,1413,860,1775]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 15. Hymedesmia jecusculum Bowerbank, 1866. A. Specimen, GNM Porifera 1075 (LAR-191116- PB16045355). B. Spicule preparation showing one long acanthostyle, tornotes and arcuate chelae, GNM Porifera 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256). C. Detail of a small acanthostyle GNM Porifera, 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168697/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
). The natural colour ranges from dark orange and red to pale reddish-white, turning beige in ethanol.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CED36675FFE4FFD083FBE62FFDAFE799" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168697/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[195,238,1815,1841]" targetBox="[191,1412,861,1775]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE4FFD083FBE62FFDAFE799" blockId="32.[195,1405,1815,1948]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD083FBE62FFE87E734" bold="true" box="[195,288,1815,1841]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE4FFD08210E62FFC8FE734" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[296,808,1815,1841]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD08210E62FFDEBE734" box="[296,588,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Hymedesmia jecusculum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE4FFD0816CE62FFC8FE734" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[596,808,1815,1841]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD0800CE62FFCEEE734" bold="true" box="[820,841,1815,1841]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">A</emphasis>
. Specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE4FFD0871EE62FFB23E734" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1062,1156,1815,1841]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1075 (LAR-191116- PB16045355).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD082BFE603FE3CE750" bold="true" box="[391,411,1851,1877]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">B</emphasis>
. Spicule preparation showing one long acanthostyle, tornotes and arcuate chelae, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE4FFD08237E666FECAE77D" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[271,365,1886,1912]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE4FFD0803AE665FCB0E772" bold="true" box="[770,791,1885,1911]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">C</emphasis>
. Detail of a small acanthostyle GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE4FFD087EDE666FA90E77D" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1237,1335,1886,1912]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="32" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
, 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE5FFD183FDE028FE96E12F" blockId="33.[197,305,272,298]" box="[197,305,272,298]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD183FDE028FE96E12F" bold="true" box="[197,305,272,298]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE5FFD183FDE006FE8EE1E3" blockId="33.[197,1391,318,486]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
Megascleres are acanthostyles curved near the base and symmetrical tornotes. The acanthostyles present two size classes: spined at the base up to 2/3 of the shaft measuring 360 ×7.5 µm (N =4), and fully spined with 120× 5 µm (N= 3) in size. The tornotes are symmetrical, measuring 277.0
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18626E0BDFAC7E19A" bold="true" box="[1310,1376,389,415]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">314.6</emphasis>
350.4± 22.38 ×3.1
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18293E090FE79E1C7" bold="true" box="[427,478,424,450]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4.6</emphasis>
6.0± 0.92 µm (N=8). Microscleres, are arcuate 20 µm long isochelae (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE5FFD18607E090FEBBE1E3" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="32.[195,238,1815,1841]" captionTargetBox="[191,1412,861,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-221@32.[191,1413,860,1775]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Fig. 15. Hymedesmia jecusculum Bowerbank, 1866. A. Specimen, GNM Porifera 1075 (LAR-191116- PB16045355). B. Spicule preparation showing one long acanthostyle, tornotes and arcuate chelae, GNM Porifera 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256). C. Detail of a small acanthostyle GNM Porifera, 1072 (LAR-180918-7254, 7256)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168697/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 15BC</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE5FFD183FDE335FE9BE602" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE5FFD183FDE335FE90E222" blockId="33.[197,311,525,551]" box="[197,311,525,551]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD183FDE335FE90E222" bold="true" box="[197,311,525,551]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE5FFD183FDE303FC14E397" blockId="33.[197,1391,571,915]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
The species
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD1825BE303FD2BE250" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[355,652,571,597]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD1825BE303FD2BE250" box="[355,652,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a new report for
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE5FFD180A1E303FC5DE250" box="[921,1018,571,597]" name="Sweden" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sweden</collectingCountry>
. However, there is significant morphological similarity between
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18164E367FCA3E27D" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[604,772,606,632]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18164E367FCA3E27D" box="[604,772,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18007E366FB56E27D" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[831,1265,606,633]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18007E366FBA6E27C" box="[831,1025,606,633]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phorbas fictitius</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD18729E366FB4FE27D" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[1041,1256,606,632]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The latter has been previously reported for
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE5FFD18163E3BAFD1FE299" box="[603,696,642,668]" name="Sweden" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Sweden</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD181D1E3BAFC07E299" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[745,928,642,668]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander (1942)</bibRefCitation>
, under the name
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18742E3BAFACFE299" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1146,1384,642,668]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18742E3BAFACFE299" box="[1146,1384,642,668]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia fictitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, we believe this identification to be correct given that Alanders description is closely resembling what has previously been reported for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD1801BE3F1FC3EE2E7" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[803,921,712,738]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD1801BE3F1FC3EE2E7" box="[803,921,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore,
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD18775E3F0FAA4E2E7" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[1101,1283,712,738]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander (1942)</bibRefCitation>
reported for the Norwegian parts of Skagerrak a single specimen of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD180ABE3D3FAC9E300" authority="(Schmidt, 1868)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[915,1390,747,773]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteidea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD180ABE3D3FB04E300" box="[915,1187,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia proteidea</emphasis>
(Schmidt, 1868)
</taxonomicName>
(spelled as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18268E236FDF2E32D" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[336,597,782,808]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteida">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18268E236FDF2E32D" box="[336,597,782,808]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia proteida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), which is now synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD1873FE237FBDAE32C" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1031,1149,783,809]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD1873FE237FBDAE32C" box="[1031,1149,783,809]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We argue that this indicates that Alander considered
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD1815BE20BFD5DE349" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[611,762,818,844]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteidea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD1815BE20BFD5DE349" box="[611,762,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. proteidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18004E20BFC08E349" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[828,943,818,844]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18004E20BFC08E349" box="[828,943,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. fictitia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to be different species, which could indicate that the specimen identified as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18194E26EFCE5E36A" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[684,834,853,879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteidea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18194E26EFCE5E36A" box="[684,834,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. proteidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD180FAE26EFBC9E36A" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[962,1134,853,879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD180FAE26EFBC9E36A" box="[962,1134,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, Alanders description of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18256E241FDA6E397" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[366,513,888,914]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="proteidea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18256E241FDA6E397" box="[366,513,888,914]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. proteidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is insufficient to test this hypothesis.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE5FFD183FDE282FE9BE602" blockId="33.[196,1393,954,1543]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
There are some consistent morphological differences between specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18745E282FA91E3D1" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1149,1334,954,980]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jescusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18745E282FA91E3D1" box="[1149,1334,954,980]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jescusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD183FDE2E6FE9BE3F2" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,316,989,1015]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD183FDE2E6FE9BE3F2" box="[197,316,989,1015]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
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of tornotes, the arrangement of spines on acanthostyles, and slight differences in external morphology features. While
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD181ADE539FCE4E41F" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[661,835,1024,1050]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD181ADE539FCE4E41F" box="[661,835,1024,1050]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses symmetrical tornotes and primary acanthostyles with spines almost entirely on the shaft,
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18070E51CFC1CE438" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[840,955,1059,1085]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18070E51CFC1CE438" box="[840,955,1059,1085]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses anisotornotes and primary acanthostyles with spines only at the base. Regarding the external morphology,
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18741E57FFB4BE465" box="[1145,1260,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens are usually thick encrusting or cushions and a surface densely covered with areolae (depressions of pore sieves). This contrasts with the thin encrusting sheet-like morphology and the elevated pore sieves typical for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD182AAE589FD9DE4CF" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[402,570,1200,1226]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD182AAE589FD9DE4CF" box="[402,570,1200,1226]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In spite of these morphological differences, the coxI sequences of the specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD182D9E5ECFDF2E4E8" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[481,597,1235,1261]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD182D9E5ECFDF2E4E8" box="[481,597,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD181A9E5ECFC9CE4E8" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[657,827,1235,1261]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD181A9E5ECFC9CE4E8" box="[657,827,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are identical or 1 bp difference (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE5FFD187FCE5EBFAABE4E8" box="[1220,1292,1235,1261]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[378,1283,282,1714]" captionTargetId="figure-14@12.[189,1401,261,1784]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 3. Maximum Likelihood tree based on DNA region encoding for 28S (D3D5) by IQTREE under the model TIM2+F+I+G4. The node support in bootstrap (bt) is shown in grayscale: light gray - 80 &lt;bt &lt;90%; bark gray - 90% ≤bt &lt;95%; black - bt≥ 95%. The tips show the taxon and accession number (sequences retrieved from GenBank) or specimens sequenced in this study (in bold). All sequences in red are associated to type specimens. Sequences retrieved from GenBank are coded: (T) type taxon; * specimens that are not collected in the North East Atlantic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168671/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), thus it is possible that these two names refer to different growth stages of the same species. A similar remark was made for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD1824AE422FD7DE531" authority="(Topsent 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[370,730,1306,1332]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD1824AE422FDBCE531" box="[370,539,1306,1332]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phorbas dives</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD18117E422FD76E531" author="Topsent" box="[559,721,1306,1332]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens could present skeletal architecture ranging from hymedesmoid architecture, i.e., single subtylostyles erected from the basal plate, to the typical
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD183FEE458FE8EE57F" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[198,297,1376,1402]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD183FEE458FE8EE57F" box="[198,297,1376,1402]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phorbas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
architecture, i.e., plumose tracts of subtylostyles (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD1804CE458FC52E57F" author="Soest" box="[884,1013,1376,1402]" firstAuthor="Soest" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="575 - 593" refId="ref31317" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. 2002. Family Hymedesmiidae Topsent, 1928. In: Hooper J. N. A &amp; Van Soest R. W. M. (eds) Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges: 575-593." type="book chapter" year="2002">Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD1873BE459FB04E57F" author="Topsent" box="[1027,1187,1376,1403]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent 1891</bibRefCitation>
). This leads us to question the validity and circumscriptions of the genera
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18058E4BBFB76E598" authority="Bowerbank, 1864" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1864" box="[864,1233,1411,1437]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18058E4BBFC5FE598" box="[864,1016,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
Bowerbank, 1864
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18634E4BBFDEAE5C5" authority="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18634E4BBFAC8E598" box="[1292,1391,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Phorbas</emphasis>
Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864
</taxonomicName>
. However, both the assessment of the validity of these two genera, and whether
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18267E4F2FE75E5E1" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[351,466,1482,1508]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fictitius">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18267E4F2FE75E5E1" box="[351,466,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">P. fictitius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD18137E4F2FD1FE5E1" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[527,696,1482,1508]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="jecusculum">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD18137E4F2FD1FE5E1" box="[527,696,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">H. jecusculum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are different species or synonyms are beyond the scope of this study.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,72 +1,72 @@
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<treatment id="120587EBFFDDFFE98109E037FB1DE544" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFDDFFE98109E037FB1DE544" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFDDFFE98109E037FB1DE544" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDDFFE98109E037FBA5E12F" box="[561,1026,271,298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE98109E037FBA5E12F" blockId="25.[561,1026,271,333]" box="[561,1026,271,298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="C15B8191FFDDFFE98109E037FBA5E12F" box="[561,1026,271,298]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
cf.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE981E8E037FC90E12F" bold="true" box="[720,823,271,298]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">aculeata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE9807EE028FC5DE12F" author="Johnston G." box="[838,1018,272,298]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref28955" refString="Johnston G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. W. H. Lizars, Edinburg." type="book" year="1842">Johnston, 1842</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE9807EE028FC5DE12F" author="Johnston" box="[838,1018,272,298]" firstAuthor="Johnston" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref28955" refString="Johnston G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. W. H. Lizars, Edinburg." type="book" year="1842">Johnston, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ cf.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE983FDE04CFE15E18B" bold="true" box="[197,434,372,398]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE983FDE09BFBF8E1E5" blockId="25.[197,1391,419,481]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDDFFE983FDE09BFBFCE1E5" collectingDate="2007-08-20" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="49" latitude="58.1352" location="Sweden" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDDFFE983FDE09BFBFCE1E5" collectingDate="2007-08-20" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="49" latitude="58.1352" location="Sweden" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="Porifera 763" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFDDFFE983FDE09BFE85E1B8" box="[197,290,419,445]" name="Sweden" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Sweden</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDDFFE98206E09BFE32E1BB" box="[318,405,419,446]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
@ -100,20 +100,20 @@ cf.
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDDFFE98105E09BFD62E1BB" box="[573,709,419,446]" degrees="11.2512" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="5" value="11.2512">11.2512° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDDFFE981EBE09BFC2DE1B8" box="[723,906,419,446]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="48.5" valueMax="51.0" valueMin="46.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDDFFE981EBE09BFC9BE1BB" box="[723,828,419,446]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="48.5" valueMax="51.0" valueMin="46.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDDFFE981EBE09BFC9BE1BB" box="[723,828,419,446]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="48.5" valueMax="51.0" valueMin="46.0">4651 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDDFFE980A0E09BFB99E1B8" box="[920,1086,419,445]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2007-08-20">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDDFFE980A0E09BFB99E1B8" box="[920,1086,419,445]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2007-08-20">20 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDDFFE98772E09BFEECE1E5" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK67]; dredge; P053-111101-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDDFFE98042E0FFFC19E1E4" box="[890,958,455,481]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE980FEE0FEFB83E1E5" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[966,1060,454,480]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="25" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
763
leg. [SK67];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDDFFE982D2E0FEFD99E1E5" box="[490,574,454,480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P053-111101-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDDFFE98042E0FFFC19E1E4" box="[890,958,455,481]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDDFFE980FEE0FEFBFCE1E5" box="[966,1115,454,480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Porifera 763</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ The skeleton is as described previously for
17.5 ± 2.07 µm in size (N= 30).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDDFFE983FDE51DFC40E5CD" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDDFFE983FDE51DFB1DE544" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE983FDE51DFE90E43A" blockId="25.[197,311,1061,1087]" box="[197,311,1061,1087]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE983FDE51DFE90E43A" bold="true" box="[197,311,1061,1087]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
@ -172,7 +172,9 @@ depth, which is deeper than reported for the species
, namely the oxeas being slightly larger and with different tips. Unfortunately, given the poor preservation condition of P053-111101-2, we have not succeeded in obtaining any amplicon to confirm the specimen assignment. This specimen could also be
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE98250E43BFCE2E518" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[360,837,1283,1309]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="virgultosa">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE98250E43BFDF1E518" box="[360,598,1283,1309]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Raspailia virgultosa</emphasis>
(Bowerbank, 1866)
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE9815DE43BFC9BE518" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[613,828,1283,1309]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. However, in the absence of a revision of these species, we have decided to maintain this specimen assigned to
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE98089E41EFB14E545" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[945,1203,1318,1344]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
@ -182,24 +184,6 @@ cf.
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE98124E450FBB0E586" blockId="25.[540,1047,1384,1480]" box="[540,1047,1384,1411]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Order
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE98150E450FBB0E586" authority="Morrow &amp; Cardenas, 2015" authorityName="Morrow &amp; Cardenas" authorityYear="2015" box="[616,1047,1384,1411]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">
Bubarida
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE981E3E450FBB0E586" author="Morrow C. C. &amp; Cardenas P." box="[731,1047,1384,1411]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref29468" refString="Morrow C. C. &amp; Cardenas P. 2015. Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). Frontiers in Zoology 12 (1): 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-015-0099-8" type="journal volume" year="2015">Morrow &amp; Cárdenas, 2015</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE98162E4B3FC7DE5A0" blockId="25.[540,1047,1384,1480]" box="[602,986,1419,1446]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Family
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE9818CE4B3FC7DE5A0" authority="Topsent, 1894" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1894" box="[692,986,1419,1446]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Bubaridae Topsent, 1894</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE98174E496FC40E5CD" blockId="25.[540,1047,1384,1480]" box="[588,999,1454,1480]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE981A7E496FC40E5CD" authority="Bowerbank, 1862" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1862" box="[671,999,1454,1480]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE981A7E496FCA8E5CD" box="[671,783,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Phakellia</emphasis>
Bowerbank, 1862
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,722 @@
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<mods:identifier id="BA221AD62D4547DD4D0734F057456648" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="120587EBFFDDFFEB8105E4D7FC83E531" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFDDFFEB8105E4D7FC83E531" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFDDFFEB8105E4D7FC83E531" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDDFFE98105E4D7FC51E60C" box="[573,1014,1519,1546]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE98105E4D7FC51E60C" blockId="25.[573,1014,1519,1546]" box="[573,1014,1519,1546]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="C15B8191FFDDFFE98105E4D7FC51E60C" box="[573,1014,1519,1546]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE98105E4D7FC51E60C" ID-CoL="4FQFV" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[573,1014,1519,1546]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE98105E4D7FCACE60F" bold="true" box="[573,779,1519,1546]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Phakellia rugosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE98022E4C8FC49E60C" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[794,1006,1519,1546]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDDFFE983FDE709FB02E6D6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE983FDE709FC96E64E" blockId="25.[197,817,1585,1612]" box="[197,817,1585,1612]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE983FDE709FC89E64E" authority="Bowerbank 1866: 119 - 120" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="119 - 120" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,814,1585,1612]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Dictyocylindrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rugosus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE983FDE709FE43E64E" box="[197,484,1585,1611]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Dictyocylindrus rugosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE982D3E709FC89E64E" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[491,814,1585,1612]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866: 119120</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE983FDE74AFEE4E6B5" blockId="25.[197,1391,1650,1748]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFDDFFE983FDE74AFEE4E6B5" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE983FDE74AFE25E689" ID-CoL="K3W7" box="[197,386,1650,1676]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE983FDE74AFE25E689" box="[197,386,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Axinella rugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFDDFFE9829EE74AFD04E688" author="Fristedt K." box="[422,675,1650,1677]" page="47" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE9829EE74AFD04E688" author="Fristedt" box="[422,675,1650,1677]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="47 - 48" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 4748</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFDDFFE9818BE74BFC97E689" author="Fristedt K." box="[691,816,1650,1677]" page="461" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" year="1887">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE9818BE74BFC97E689" author="Fristedt" box="[691,816,1650,1677]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="461" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref28242" refString="Fristedt K. 1887. Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vegaexpedtitionens ventenskapliga iakttagelser IV: 401-471." type="book chapter" year="1887">1887: 461</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE9805CE74AFB87E688" author="Arndt W." box="[868,1056,1650,1677]" journalOrPublisher="Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="1 - 140" part="III A" refId="ref27297" refString="Arndt W. 1935. Porifera. Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee III A: 1-140." title="Porifera" type="book chapter" year="1935">Arndt 1935: 89</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 188. —
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE987FBE74AFE98E6B5" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 7071</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE983FDE781FB02E6D6" blockId="25.[197,1391,1650,1748]" box="[197,1189,1721,1748]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDDFFE983FDE781FDDDE6D1" ID-CoL="78CD3" authority="Schmidt, 1865" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1865" box="[197,634,1721,1748]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Pseudaxinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sulcata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE983FDE781FE60E6D6" box="[197,455,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Pseudaxinella sulcata</emphasis>
Schmidt, 1865
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDDFFE981ADE781FC29E6D6" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[661,910,1721,1747]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 6970</bibRefCitation>
(key), 70 (description).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFE983FDE7C2FDCCE711" blockId="25.[197,619,1786,1812]" box="[197,619,1786,1812]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDDFFE983FDE7C2FE15E711" bold="true" box="[197,434,1786,1812]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDDFFE982FAE7C2FDC4E711" box="[450,611,1786,1812]" count="41" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">41 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDDFFEB83FDE611FC60E384" blockId="25.[197,1391,1833,2000]" lastBlockId="27.[197,1391,272,897]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDDFFE983FDE611FC8DE763" collectingDate="2001-11-01" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Fredrik Pleijel" country="Sweden" latitude="58.8833" location="Kosterhavet" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0833" municipality="Kosterhavet" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="Porifera 1096" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFDDFFE983FDE611FE98E746" box="[197,319,1833,1859]" name="Sweden" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDDFFE98264E611FE14E746" box="[348,435,1833,1859]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFDDFFE982FAE611FDF3E746" box="[450,596,1833,1859]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.8833" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0833" name="Kosterhavet" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Kosterhavet</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDDFFE98159E611FD49E746" box="[609,750,1833,1860]" degrees="58.8833" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="5" value="58.8833">58.8833° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDDFFE981C4E611FC22E746" box="[764,901,1833,1859]" degrees="11.0833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="5" value="11.0833">11.0833° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFDDFFE980ABE611FB81E746" box="[915,1062,1833,1859]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2001-11-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDDFFE980ABE611FB81E746" box="[915,1062,1833,1859]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2001-11-01">1 Nov 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDDFFE9870CE611FB78E746" box="[1076,1247,1833,1859]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fredrik Pleijel</collectorName>
leg. [TML-01]; P006-011116-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDDFFE9810EE674FDDDE763" box="[566,634,1868,1894]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDDFFE981BEE674FC8DE763" box="[646,810,1868,1894]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Porifera 1096</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDDFFE98072E674FD76E7A9" collectingDate="2006-05-31" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.7439" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7336" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="Porifera 949" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDDFFE98072E674FC05E762" box="[842,930,1868,1895]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDDFFE9808AE674FBE7E762" box="[946,1088,1868,1895]" degrees="58.7439" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="5" value="58.7439">58.7439° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDDFFE98777E674FB7DE762" box="[1103,1242,1868,1895]" degrees="10.7336" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" precision="5" value="10.7336">10.7336° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDDFFE987CDE674FAC8E762" box="[1269,1391,1868,1895]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="76.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDDFFE987CDE674FAC8E762" box="[1269,1391,1868,1895]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">10276 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDDFFE98224E657FE6EE78C" box="[284,457,1903,1930]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2006-05-31">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDDFFE98224E657FE6EE78C" box="[284,457,1903,1930]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" value="2006-05-31">31 May 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDDFFE982E3E657FC2DE78C" box="[475,906,1903,1929]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 15];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDDFFE98774E657FB07E78C" box="[1100,1184,1903,1929]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111006-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDDFFE9820AE6ABFED1E7A8" box="[306,374,1939,1965]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDDFFE98245E6AAFDB5E7A8" box="[381,530,1938,1965]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Porifera 949</specimenCode>
; P006-111006-1
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDDFFE981D1E6ABFE0AE7D5" collectingDate="2006-05-31" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="76" latitude="58.7439" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7336" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="Porifera 950" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDDFFE981D1E6ABFC9AE7A8" box="[745,829,1939,1965]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDDFFE983FDE68EFEAEE7D5" box="[197,265,1974,2000]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDDFFE9822EE68EFE0AE7D5" box="[278,429,1973,2000]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Porifera 950</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDDFFEA82EAE68EFE00E12E" collectingDate="2006-05-31" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="76" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" latitude="58.7439" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7336" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" specimenCode="Porifera 502" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDDFFE982EAE68EFD8BE7D5" box="[466,556,1974,2000]" count="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P006-111124-67; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA83FDE029FEAEE12E" box="[197,265,273,299]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA822BE028FE00E12E" box="[275,423,272,299]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 502</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA82FCE029FB54E14B" collectingDate="2006-08-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.6451" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.6114" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 536" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA82FCE029FDBCE12E" box="[452,539,273,299]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8112E028FD11E12E" box="[554,694,272,299]" degrees="57.6451" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="57.6451">57.6451° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA81FCE028FCEBE12E" box="[708,844,272,299]" degrees="11.6114" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="11.6114">11.6114° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA8062E029FC63E12E" box="[858,964,273,299]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="39.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA8062E029FC63E12E" box="[858,964,273,299]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">7439 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA8719E029FB60E12F" box="[1057,1223,272,299]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-08-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA8719E029FB60E12F" box="[1057,1223,272,299]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-08-24">24 Aug. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA87ECE028FE6CE14B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK51];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA814CE00CFD6FE14B" box="[628,712,308,334]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111006-3; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA8737E00CFBF4E14B" box="[1039,1107,308,334]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA8766E00CFB54E14B" box="[1118,1267,307,334]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 536</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA862AE00CFC0CE190" collectingDate="2006-06-01" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.7014" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0372" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 503" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA862AE00CFACDE14B" box="[1298,1386,308,334]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA83FDE06FFEF5E174" box="[197,338,343,370]" degrees="58.7014" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.7014">58.7014° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA825AE06FFE4CE174" box="[354,491,343,369]" degrees="11.0372" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="11.0372">11.0372° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA813EE06FFD29E174" box="[518,654,343,369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="140.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA813EE06FFD29E174" box="[518,654,343,369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">172140 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA81D5E06FFCD8E174" box="[749,895,343,369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-06-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA81D5E06FFCD8E174" box="[749,895,343,369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-06-01">1 Jun. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA80B5E06FFA9EE174" box="[909,1337,343,369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 17];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA820DE042FE2EE191" box="[309,393,378,404]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111007-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA81F3E042FCA8E191" box="[715,783,378,404]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA8020E042FC0CE190" box="[792,939,378,405]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 503</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA80F0E043FCD8E1BD" collectingDate="2006-06-01" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="140" latitude="58.7014" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0372" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 503" specimenCount="7">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA80F0E043FB85E190" box="[968,1058,379,405]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">7 specs</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P006-111007-28; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA81A5E0A5FD46E1B2" box="[669,737,413,439]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA81D3E0A5FCD8E1BD" box="[747,895,413,440]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 503</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA80A4E0A5FD90E1FB" collectingDate="2006-05-29" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.3888" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4314" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 500" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA80A4E0A5FC54E1BD" box="[924,1011,413,440]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA873AE0A5FB29E1BD" box="[1026,1166,413,440]" degrees="58.3888" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.3888">58.3888° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA87A4E0A5FA81E1BD" box="[1180,1318,413,440]" degrees="10.4314" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="10.4314">10.4314° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA860CE0A5FEB6E1DE" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
353
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA83FDE0F8FEB6E1DE" box="[197,273,448,475]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="335.0">335 m</quantity>
</elevation>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA8255E0F9FDB6E1DF" box="[365,529,448,475]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-05-29">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA8255E0F9FDB6E1DF" box="[365,529,448,475]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-05-29">29 May 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA8125E0F8FC60E1DF" box="[541,967,448,474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 2];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA8750E0F8FB1BE1DF" box="[1128,1212,448,474]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111010- 1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA826DE0DCFE3EE1FB" box="[341,409,484,510]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA829BE0DCFD90E1FB" box="[419,567,483,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 500</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA816DE0DCFF56E240" collectingDate="2006-06-05" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.3566" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4727" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 951" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA816DE0DCFD0BE1FB" box="[597,684,484,510]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8182E0DBFCE0E1FB" box="[698,839,483,510]" degrees="58.3566" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.3566">58.3566° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA806DE0DCFC79E1FB" box="[853,990,484,510]" degrees="10.4727" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="10.4727">10.4727° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA80CFE0DBFBD9E1FB" box="[1015,1150,483,510]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="331.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA80CFE0DBFBD9E1FB" box="[1015,1150,483,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">353331 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA87E2E0DBFACDE1FB" box="[1242,1386,483,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-06-05">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA87E2E0DBFACDE1FB" box="[1242,1386,483,510]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-06-05">5 Jun. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA83FDE33FFDD7E224" box="[197,624,519,545]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 22];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA801DE33FFCDEE224" box="[805,889,519,545]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111010-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA87F9E33FFAA2E224" box="[1217,1285,519,545]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA8628E33FFF56E240" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 951</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA8231E312FC74E26D" collectingDate="2006-06-01" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="163" latitude="58.6828" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8174" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 504" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA8231E312FEFAE240" box="[265,349,554,581]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8251E312FE54E240" box="[361,499,554,581]" degrees="58.6828" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.6828">58.6828° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA82C6E312FD22E240" box="[510,645,554,581]" degrees="10.8174" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="10.8174">10.8174° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA81A9E312FD7CE240" box="[657,731,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="163.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA81A9E312FD7CE240" box="[657,731,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="163.0">163 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA800AE312FC1AE241" box="[818,957,554,581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-06-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA800AE312FC1AE241" box="[818,957,554,581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-06-01">1 Jun. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA80FFE312FAC8E241" box="[967,1391,554,580]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 18];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA825CE375FE1FE262" box="[356,440,589,615]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111010-3; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA81CDE375FC9EE262" box="[757,825,589,615]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA8079E375FC74E26D" box="[833,979,589,616]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 504</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA80D4E375FD91E2AB" collectingDate="2007-08-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.9628" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0229" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 895" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA80D4E375FBE6E26D" box="[1004,1089,589,616]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8775E375FB7FE26D" box="[1101,1240,589,616]" degrees="58.9628" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.9628">58.9628° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA87DBE375FACDE26D" box="[1251,1386,589,616]" degrees="11.0229" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="11.0229">11.0229° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA83FDE349FE8CE28E" box="[197,299,625,651]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="14.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA83FDE349FE8CE28E" box="[197,299,625,651]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">4914 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA82B8E349FDB8E28E" box="[384,543,625,651]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA82B8E349FDB8E28E" box="[384,543,625,651]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-24">24 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA8111E348FC68E28F" box="[553,975,624,650]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK96];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA8753E348FB18E28F" box="[1131,1215,624,650]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111013- 1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA826CE3ACFE3FE2AB" box="[340,408,660,686]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA829AE3ACFD91E2AB" box="[418,566,659,686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 895</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA816BE3ACFF56E2F0" collectingDate="2007-08-22" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.6453" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0148" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 513" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA816BE3ACFD0EE2AB" box="[595,681,660,686]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA818FE3ABFCE3E2AB" box="[695,836,659,686]" degrees="58.6453" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.6453">58.6453° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8069E3ACFC7DE2AB" box="[849,986,660,686]" degrees="11.0148" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="11.0148">11.0148° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA80C9E3ACFBCFE2AB" box="[1009,1128,660,686]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="44.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA80C9E3ACFBCFE2AB" box="[1009,1128,660,686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">11844 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA87FCE3ACFACDE2AB" box="[1220,1386,660,686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-22">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA87FCE3ACFACDE2AB" box="[1220,1386,660,686]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-22">22 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA83FDE38FFDD5E2D4" box="[197,626,695,721]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK74];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA8018E38FFCD3E2D4" box="[800,884,695,721]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111013-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA87F8E38FFAA3E2D4" box="[1216,1284,695,721]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA8628E38FFF56E2F0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 513</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA8228E3E2FBC0E31D" collectingDate="2007-08-30" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.4356" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8732" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 519" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA8228E3E2FECFE2F0" box="[272,360,730,757]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8240E3E2FDA1E2F0" box="[376,518,730,757]" degrees="58.4356" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.4356">58.4356° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA812DE3E2FD38E2F0" box="[533,671,730,757]" degrees="10.8732" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="10.8732">10.8732° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA8182E3E2FC93E2F0" box="[698,820,730,757]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="93.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA8182E3E2FC93E2F0" box="[698,820,730,757]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">10093 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA80AAE3E2FB9CE2F1" box="[914,1083,730,756]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-30">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA80AAE3E2FB9CE2F1" box="[914,1083,730,756]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-30">30 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA8771E3E2FEECE312" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK125];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA82C0E3C5FDEBE312" box="[504,588,765,791]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111013-3; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA80B1E3C5FC6AE312" box="[905,973,765,791]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA80EDE3C5FBC0E31D" box="[981,1127,765,792]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 519</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA8747E3C5FD7CE35B" collectingDate="2007-08-21" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.5164" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.6549" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 537" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA8747E3C5FB73E31D" box="[1151,1236,765,792]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA87D8E3C5FACDE31D" box="[1248,1386,765,792]" degrees="57.5164" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="57.5164">57.5164° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA83FDE218FEEDE33E" box="[197,330,800,827]" degrees="11.6549" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="11.6549">11.6549° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA826EE219FE1AE33E" box="[342,445,801,827]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="28.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA826EE219FE1AE33E" box="[342,445,801,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">4428 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA812BE219FD13E33E" box="[531,692,801,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-21">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA812BE219FD13E33E" box="[531,692,801,827]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-21">21 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA8186E218FBC2E33F" box="[702,1125,800,826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [KA126];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA862FE218FACCE33F" box="[1303,1387,800,826]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111107-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA82C1E27CFD9AE35B" box="[505,573,836,862]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA817FE27CFD7CE35B" box="[583,731,835,862]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 537</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA81C0E27CFD80E3A1" collectingDate="2010-09-16" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="40" latitude="58.3626" location="Svaberget" longLatPrecision="29" longitude="11.062" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA81C0E27CFCE8E35B" box="[760,847,836,862]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFDEFFEA8065E27CFC71E35B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFDDFFEB8105E4D7FC83E531:9F736026FFDEFFEA8065E27CFC71E35B" box="[861,982,836,862]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.3626" longLatPrecision="29" longitude="11.062" name="Svaberget" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Svaberget</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA80DBE27BFBC8E35B" box="[995,1135,835,862]" degrees="58.3626" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.3626">58.3626° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8745E27CFB50E35B" box="[1149,1271,836,862]" degrees="11.062" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="55" value="11.062">11.062° E</geoCoordinate>
; 67
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA8609E27CFAC8E35B" box="[1329,1391,836,862]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="40.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA8609E27CFAC8E35B" box="[1329,1391,836,862]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
</elevation>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA8224E25FFE6FE384" box="[284,456,871,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-09-16">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA8224E25FFE6FE384" box="[284,456,871,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-09-16">16 Sep. 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA82E2E25FFC2DE384" box="[474,906,871,897]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK265]; dredge; P006-111110-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA820DE2B2FEDEE3A1" box="[309,377,906,932]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
Porifera 1097
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDEFFEA817CE2B2FAC8E3C2" collectingDate="2007-08-22" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.7399" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7403" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="Porifera 669" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDEFFEA817CE2B2FD3BE3A0" box="[580,668,906,933]" count="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA8192E2B2FC90E3A0" box="[682,823,906,933]" degrees="58.7399" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="58.7399">58.7399° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDEFFEA807EE2B2FC77E3A0" box="[838,976,906,933]" degrees="10.7403" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="10.7403">10.7403° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDEFFEA80E6E2B2FBC1E3A0" box="[990,1126,906,933]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="102.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDEFFEA80E6E2B2FBC1E3A0" box="[990,1126,906,933]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">151102 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDEFFEA87FBE2B2FACDE3A1" box="[1219,1386,906,932]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-22">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDEFFEA87FBE2B2FACDE3A1" box="[1219,1386,906,932]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2007-08-22">22 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDEFFEA83FDE295FDCCE3C2" box="[197,619,941,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK79];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDEFFEA8030E295FCFBE3C2" box="[776,860,941,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111124-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDEFFEA87ACE295FB7FE3C2" box="[1172,1240,941,967]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDEFFEA87E6E295FAC8E3C2" box="[1246,1391,941,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Porifera 669</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB83EDE029FC45E14B" collectingDate="2007-08-20" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.1352" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 511" specimenCount="3">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB83EDE029FE89E12E" box="[213,302,273,299]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">3 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8201E028FE64E12E" box="[313,451,272,299]" degrees="58.1352" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.1352">58.1352° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB82F6E028FDF4E12E" box="[462,595,272,299]" degrees="11.2512" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="11.2512">11.2512° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB8167E028FD61E12E" box="[607,710,272,299]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="46.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB8167E028FD61E12E" box="[607,710,272,299]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">5146 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB8025E029FC1AE12E" box="[797,957,273,299]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-20">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB8025E029FC1AE12E" box="[797,957,273,299]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-20">20 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB80FFE028FAC8E12F" box="[967,1391,272,298]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK67];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB8264E00CFE17E14B" box="[348,432,308,334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111124-24; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB803FE00CFCECE14B" box="[775,843,308,334]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB806AE00CFC45E14B" box="[850,994,307,334]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 511</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB80C2E00CFD2AE190" collectingDate="2007-08-30" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.487" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="10.4228" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 521" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB80C2E00CFBE9E14B" box="[1018,1102,308,334]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8762E00BFB73E14B" box="[1114,1236,307,334]" degrees="58.487" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="58.487">58.487° N</geoCoordinate>
,´
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB87E7E00CFACDE14B" box="[1247,1386,308,334]" degrees="10.4228" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.4228">10.4228° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB83FDE06FFEEAE174" box="[197,333,343,369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="326.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB83FDE06FFEEAE174" box="[197,333,343,369]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">348326 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB8293E06FFDF3E174" box="[427,596,343,369]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-30">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB8293E06FFDF3E174" box="[427,596,343,369]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-30">30 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB815AE06FFBA9E174" box="[610,1038,343,369]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK128];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB87FEE06FFABDE174" box="[1222,1306,343,369]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006- 111124-5; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB8288E042FE53E191" box="[432,500,378,404]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB82C3E042FD2AE190" box="[507,653,378,405]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 521</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB819FE042FE01E1DE" collectingDate="2006-05-29" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.3888" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4314" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 505" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB819FE042FCA7E190" box="[679,768,378,405]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8034E042FC30E190" box="[780,919,378,405]" degrees="58.3888" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.3888">58.3888° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB809BE042FB8DE190" box="[931,1066,378,405]" degrees="10.4314" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.4314">10.4314° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB870FE042FB1BE190" box="[1079,1212,378,405]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="335.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB870FE042FB1BE190" box="[1079,1212,378,405]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">353335 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB862CE042FEA4E1B2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2006-05-29">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB862CE042FEA4E1B2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2006-05-29">29 May 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB822DE0A5FD62E1B2" box="[277,709,413,439]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK 2];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB8046E0A5FC75E1B2" box="[894,978,413,439]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111125-1 and 2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB83FDE0F9FEAEE1DE" box="[197,265,449,475]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB822AE0F8FE01E1DE" box="[274,422,448,475]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 505</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB82FBE0F9FB50E1FB" collectingDate="2007-08-21" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.5696" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.9829" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 512" specimenCount="2">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB82FBE0F9FDBAE1DE" box="[451,541,449,475]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8113E0F8FD10E1DE" box="[555,695,448,475]" degrees="58.5696" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.5696">58.5696° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB81FDE0F9FCE9E1DE" box="[709,846,449,475]" degrees="10.9829" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.9829">10.9829° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB8065E0F8FC61E1DE" box="[861,966,448,475]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="46.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB8065E0F8FC61E1DE" box="[861,966,448,475]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">6046 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB871AE0F9FB6FE1DE" box="[1058,1224,449,475]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-21">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB871AE0F9FB6FE1DE" box="[1058,1224,449,475]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-21">21 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB87ECE0F8FE6CE1FB" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK71];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB8153E0DCFD18E1FB" box="[619,703,484,510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111125-34; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB8721E0DCFBFAE1FB" box="[1049,1117,484,510]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB875DE0DCFB50E1FB" box="[1125,1271,483,510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 512</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB8629E0DCFC71E240" collectingDate="2007-08-21" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.487" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="10.4228" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 520" specimenCount="4">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB8629E0DCFACDE1FB" box="[1297,1386,484,510]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">4 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB83FDE33FFEE3E224" box="[197,324,519,546]" degrees="58.487" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="55" value="58.487">58.487° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB826CE33FFE47E224" box="[340,480,519,545]" degrees="10.4228" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.4228">10.4228° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB82C9E33FFDDDE224" box="[497,634,519,545]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.26" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="326.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB82C9E33FFDDDE224" box="[497,634,519,545]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">348326 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB81E2E33FFCDAE224" box="[730,893,519,545]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-21">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB81E2E33FFCDAE224" box="[730,893,519,545]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-21">21 Aug 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB80B4E33FFA9FE224" box="[908,1336,519,545]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK128];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB8200E312FE2BE241" box="[312,396,554,580]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-111125-5 to 8; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB81C2E312FC99E241" box="[762,830,554,580]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB807DE312FC71E240" box="[837,982,554,581]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 520</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB80D6E312FEA7E28E" collectingDate="2012-10-11" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.4754" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.5578" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="PM9-546, Porifera 1098" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB80D6E312FBE5E240" box="[1006,1090,554,581]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8776E312FB7FE240" box="[1102,1240,554,581]" degrees="58.4754" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.4754">58.4754° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB87DBE312FACDE240" box="[1251,1386,554,581]" degrees="10.5578" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.5578">10.5578° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB83FDE375FEEAE26D" box="[197,333,589,616]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="222.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB83FDE375FEEAE26D" box="[197,333,589,616]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">260222 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB8293E375FDEBE262" box="[427,588,589,615]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-10-11">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB8293E375FDEBE262" box="[427,588,589,615]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2012-10-11">11 Oct. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
; leg. [
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB81A0E375FCA8E26D" box="[664,783,589,616]" collectionCode="PM" country="USA" name="Pratt Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">PM9-546</specimenCode>
];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB801EE375FCDDE262" box="[806,890,589,615]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-161123-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB87F9E375FAA2E262" box="[1217,1285,589,615]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB8628E375FEA7E28E" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 1098</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB8225E349FD56E2AB" collectingDate="2013-02-06" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.2858" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.4646" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="PM15-559, Porifera 1099" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB8225E349FED2E28E" box="[285,373,625,651]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB82BBE348FDB7E28E" box="[387,528,624,651]" degrees="58.2858" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.2858">58.2858° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8127E348FD0EE28E" box="[543,681,624,651]" degrees="10.4646" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.4646">10.4646° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB8180E348FC98E28E" box="[696,831,624,651]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="345.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB8180E348FC98E28E" box="[696,831,624,651]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">394345 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB80A4E348FB97E28E" box="[924,1072,624,651]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2013-02-06">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB80A4E348FB97E28E" box="[924,1072,624,651]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2013-02-06">6 Feb. 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
; leg. [
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB8743E348FAA6E28E" box="[1147,1281,624,651]" collectionCode="PM" country="USA" name="Pratt Museum" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">PM15-559</specimenCode>
];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB862FE348FACCE28F" box="[1303,1387,624,650]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P006-161123-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB82C6E3ACFDE5E2AB" box="[510,578,660,686]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB8175E3ACFD56E2AB" box="[589,753,660,686]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 1099</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB8029E3ACFE09E2F1" collectingDate="2007-08-22" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.6954" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8392" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 668" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB8029E3ACFCCEE2AB" box="[785,873,660,686]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8040E3ABFBA1E2AB" box="[888,1030,659,686]" degrees="58.6954" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.6954">58.6954° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB872DE3ACFB07E2AB" box="[1045,1184,660,686]" degrees="10.8392" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.8392">10.8392° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB8788E3ACFABCE2AB" box="[1200,1307,660,686]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="42.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB8788E3ACFABCE2AB" box="[1200,1307,660,686]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">6442 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB83FDE38FFED6E2D4" box="[197,369,695,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-22">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB83FDE38FFED6E2D4" box="[197,369,695,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-22">22 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB82B8E38FFC8AE2D4" box="[384,813,695,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK75];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB80E3E38FFB88E2D4" box="[987,1071,695,721]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P009-111013-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB83FDE3E2FEAEE2F1" box="[197,265,730,756]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB822EE3E2FE09E2F1" box="[278,430,730,756]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 668</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB82EBE3E2FE04E312" collectingDate="2007-08-22" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="42" latitude="58.6954" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.8392" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 668" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB82EBE3E2FD95E2F0" box="[467,562,730,757]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">1 specs</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; PA242-110404-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB83FDE3C5FEAEE312" box="[197,265,765,791]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB8229E3C5FE04E312" box="[273,419,765,791]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 668</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB8284E3C5FB50E33E" collectingDate="2007-08-28" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.5032" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.7195" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 518" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB8284E3C5FDB6E31D" box="[444,529,765,792]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB8126E3C5FD0FE31D" box="[542,680,765,792]" degrees="58.5032" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="58.5032">58.5032° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB818DE3C5FC9BE31D" box="[693,828,765,792]" degrees="10.7195" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="10.7195">10.7195° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB8071E3C5FC69E31D" box="[841,974,765,792]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="132.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB8071E3C5FC69E31D" box="[841,974,765,792]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">136132 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB871FE3C5FB6EE312" box="[1063,1225,765,792]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-28">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB871FE3C5FB6EE312" box="[1063,1225,765,792]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2007-08-28">28 Aug. 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB87ECE3C5FE6CE33F" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK115];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB8146E218FD75E33F" box="[638,722,800,826]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P065-110629-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB872DE219FBFEE33E" box="[1045,1113,801,827]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB875BE218FB50E33E" box="[1123,1271,800,827]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 518</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFDFFFEB862BE219FC64E384" collectingDate="2009-08-20" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="57.5336" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.6488" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="Porifera 976" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFDFFFEB862BE219FACDE33E" box="[1299,1386,801,827]" count="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB83FDE27BFEF3E35B" box="[197,340,835,862]" degrees="57.5336" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="57.5336">57.5336° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFDFFFEB825CE27CFE57E35B" box="[356,496,836,862]" degrees="11.6488" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5" value="11.6488">11.6488° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFDFFFEB8139E27CFDCAE35B" box="[513,621,836,862]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="24.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFDFFFEB8139E27CFDCAE35B" box="[513,621,836,862]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">3824 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFDFFFEB81F7E27CFCDCE35B" box="[719,891,836,862]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-08-20">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFDFFFEB81F7E27CFCDCE35B" box="[719,891,836,862]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2009-08-20">20 Aug. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFDFFFEB80B2E27CFA90E35B" box="[906,1335,836,862]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [KA117];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFDFFFEB8205E25FFE36E384" box="[317,401,871,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">dredge</collectingMethod>
; PA413-110404-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFDFFFEB81DAE25FFC81E384" box="[738,806,871,897]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFDFFFEB8015E25FFC64E384" box="[813,963,871,897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Porifera 976</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CED36675FFDEFFEA8384E697FBEBE7E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168689/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[188,231,1967,1993]" targetBox="[185,1403,1015,1928]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDEFFEA8384E697FBEBE7E9" blockId="26.[188,1397,1967,2029]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA8384E697FEB8E7CC" bold="true" box="[188,287,1967,1993]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDEFFEA8216E697FCBEE7CC" authority="(Johnston, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[302,793,1967,1993]" class="Demospongiae" family="Raspailiidae" genus="Raspailia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aculeata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA8216E697FE39E7CC" box="[302,414,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Raspailia</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA82E2E697FD98E7CC" box="[474,575,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">aculeata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDEFFEA816DE697FCB6E7CC" author="Johnston" box="[597,785,1967,1993]" firstAuthor="Johnston" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" refId="ref28955" refString="Johnston G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. W. H. Lizars, Edinburg." type="book" year="1842">Johnston, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDEFFEA8738E697FBF9E7CC" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1024,1118,1967,1993]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="26" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
763 (P053-111101-2).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA8384E6EAFF76E7E9" bold="true" box="[188,209,2002,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
. Specimen preserved in ethanol.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA816FE6EAFDCCE7E9" bold="true" box="[599,619,2002,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
. Thin styles.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA8031E6EAFCB9E7E9" bold="true" box="[777,798,2002,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
. Oxeas.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDEFFEA80BDE6EAFC3DE7E9" bold="true" box="[901,922,2002,2028]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">D</emphasis>
. Acanthostyle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFDFFFEB83FDE290FC83E531" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDFFFEB83FDE290FEF1E3C7" blockId="27.[197,342,936,962]" box="[197,342,936,962]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDFFFEB83FDE290FEF1E3C7" bold="true" box="[197,342,936,962]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDFFFEB83FDE2EFFAD6E47B" blockId="27.[197,1393,983,1150]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">The specimens presented various morphotypes ranging from branching erect with distinct branches/ projections to fuse branches, i.e., lamellated morphology. When preserved in ethanol, the colour is pale yellow. Given that the specimens were not observed in situ, the natural colour is unknown. However, the specimens of this species have been reported with a live colour ranging from white-grey to pale yellow. The surface is uneven rugose, varying in different specimens from almost conulose to smooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDFFFEB83FDE59DFE96E4BA" blockId="27.[197,305,1189,1215]" box="[197,305,1189,1215]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDFFFEB83FDE59DFE96E4BA" bold="true" box="[197,305,1189,1215]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDFFFEB83FDE5ECFC83E531" blockId="27.[197,1391,1236,1333]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">The skeleton is composed by a thick mesh of strongyles and oxeas, and with styles protruding the surface. Megascleres are: flexuous strongyles and oxeas measuring 5701200 µm× 1420 µm (N=4), and styles measuring 9751175 ×1015 µm (N= 4).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,78 +1,78 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="C81DEA5F7337A6F629D5F491CCD73399">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="7BEC2A3DB5D319608F1575AC944F0607">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C5E08C00B98CB3F0C259661B17364992" type="email">raquel.pereira@ebc.uu.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="5D2DFB8D40BC6967D996980513F05469">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0501FDDA9D0E8E70A4C9A959631F078B">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E1BC7354602F0627A2DA594D42B16B5D">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C3BEC433616F3872962DF24CDE96E928">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDFFFEB817BE4A4FC56E5B2" blockId="27.[579,1009,1436,1463]" box="[579,1009,1436,1463]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDFFFEB817BE4A4FC56E5B2" ID-CoL="6V7GG" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[579,1009,1436,1463]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDFFFEB817BE4A4FCBEE5B2" bold="true" box="[579,793,1436,1463]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phakellia robusta</emphasis>
Bowerbank, 1866
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDFFFEB8018E4A5FC56E5B2" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[800,1009,1437,1463]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Bowerbank, 1866
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFDFFFEB83FDE4E6FD44E5FD" blockId="27.[197,739,1502,1529]" box="[197,739,1502,1529]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFDFFFEB83FDE4E6FD78E5FD" ID-CoL="6V7GG" authority="Bowerbank 1866: 120 - 122" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="120 - 122" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,735,1502,1529]" class="Demospongiae" family="Bubaridae" genus="Phakellia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bubarida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFDFFFEB83FDE4E6FE32E5FD" box="[197,405,1502,1528]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Phakellia robusta</emphasis>
Bowerbank 1866: 120122
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDFFFEB82A4E4E6FD78E5FD" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[412,735,1502,1529]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866: 120122</bibRefCitation>
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.
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@ -92,9 +92,11 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 120122
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFDFFFEB828AE718FDDDE63E" author="Fristedt K." box="[434,634,1568,1595]" page="45" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDFFFEB828AE718FDDDE63E" author="Fristedt K." box="[434,634,1568,1595]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 45</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDFFFEB828AE718FDDDE63E" author="Fristedt" box="[434,634,1568,1595]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="45" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 45</bibRefCitation>
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(key), 4647. Alander 1942: 70 (key), 71 (description).
(key), 4647.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFDFFFEB8003E718FBAFE63F" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[827,1032,1568,1594]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 70</bibRefCitation>
(key), 71 (description).
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@ -106,12 +108,12 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 120122
)
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@ -122,13 +124,14 @@ Bowerbank 1866: 120122
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; P009-021111-1; voucher:
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@ -140,38 +143,39 @@ leg. [TML-02]; dredge; P009-021111-1; voucher:
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; P009- 130125-1; voucher:
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD8FFEC83FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description</emphasis>
@ -184,24 +188,6 @@ depth
</heading>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFD8FFEC83FDE0CDFEBCE250" blockId="28.[197,1391,501,598]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">The skeleton is composed of: curved styles measuring 1925580 ×2330 µm (N=2) straight oxeas and strongyles 460630 ×2030 µm (N= 4), and flexuous/“vermiformˮ oxeas 9751250× 2838 µm (N=4).</paragraph>
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Order
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Polymastiida
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Family
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Genus
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFD8FFEC81F8E3FBFC9BE2D8" box="[704,828,707,733]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Spinularia</emphasis>
Gray, 1867
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</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,70 +1,70 @@
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD6810EE08EFC9BE1D4" bold="true" box="[566,828,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Hymedesmia stylifera</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD683FDE0C0FE28E217" box="[197,399,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Stylopus stylifera</emphasis>
Alander 1942: 4546
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE2FFD682ADE0C0FD35E216" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[405,658,504,531]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 4546</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ Alander 1942: 4546
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE2FFD683FDE350FBC9E2A3" blockId="38.[197,1391,616,678]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE2FFD683FDE350FBCDE2A3" collectingDate="2007-08-28" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="83" latitude="58.5609" location="SWEDEN" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0891" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE2FFD683FDE350FBCDE2A3" collectingDate="2007-08-28" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="83" latitude="58.5609" location="SWEDEN" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0891" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="Porifera 975" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE2FFD683FDE350FE98E287" box="[197,319,616,642]" name="Sweden" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE2FFD68265E350FE12E286" box="[349,437,616,643]" count="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
@ -112,10 +114,11 @@ depth
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE2FFD68771E350FEECE2A0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK116]; dredge; P093-111031-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE2FFD680B0E3B3FC6BE2A0" box="[904,972,651,677]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE2FFD680ECE3B3FB95E2A0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[980,1074,651,677]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="38" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
975
leg. [SK116];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE2FFD682CFE3B3FDECE2A0" box="[503,587,651,677]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P093-111031-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE2FFD680B0E3B3FC6BE2A0" box="[904,972,651,677]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE2FFD680ECE3B3FBCDE2A3" box="[980,1130,651,678]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Porifera 975</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
@ -158,7 +161,9 @@ south-east of Jomfruland,
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE2FFD681C6E5EAFCF9E4E9" box="[766,862,1234,1260]" name="Norway" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Norway</collectingCountry>
) at
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE2FFD680A9E5EAFC78E4E9" box="[913,991,1234,1260]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
depth (Alander 1942) and
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE2FFD68705E5E9FB43E4E9" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[1085,1252,1233,1260]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE2FFD68614E5EAFE95E50A" country="United Kingdom" name="Eilean Siar" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Outer Hebrides</collectingRegion>
, Mingulay (
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE2FFD68287E5CDFD8DE50A" box="[447,554,1269,1295]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Scotland</collectingCountry>
@ -166,7 +171,9 @@ depth (Alander 1942) and
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE2FFD6810EE5CDFDC5E50A" box="[566,610,1269,1295]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">UK</collectingCountry>
) in an area now known for harbouring a vast cold-water coral reef (Banana reef). Although we do not know if the Norwegian specimens were collected in a cold-water coral reef, the fact that the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFE2FFD68134E404FDEDE553" box="[524,586,1340,1366]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">types</typeStatus>
(Alander 1942) and the specimens from
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE2FFD68162E403FCA7E550" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[602,768,1339,1365]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942</bibRefCitation>
) and the specimens from
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE2FFD68700E403FB38E550" box="[1080,1183,1339,1365]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Scotland</collectingCountry>
were, leads us to suspect that this species might be associated with cold-water water corals.
</paragraph>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="5936E8E244680E9EFFDBD7CFD32AF211">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="120587EBFFE2FFD88194E7E5FB52E397" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFE2FFD88194E7E5FB52E397" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFE2FFD88194E7E5FB52E397" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE2FFD68194E7E5FC2FE6FD" box="[684,904,1757,1785]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE2FFD68194E7E5FC2FE6FD" blockId="38.[684,904,1757,1819]" box="[684,904,1757,1785]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE2FFD68194E7E5FC2FE6FD" box="[684,904,1757,1785]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD68194E7E5FCEFE6FD" bold="true" box="[684,840,1757,1784]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE2FFD681C8E639FCE4E71E" box="[752,835,1793,1819]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE2FFD681C8E639FCE4E71E" blockId="38.[684,904,1757,1819]" box="[752,835,1793,1819]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE2FFD681C8E639FCE4E71E" box="[752,835,1793,1819]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-92@39.[184,1403,503,1873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 18. Hymedesmia sp. 1. GNM Porifera 1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709). A. Live specimen. B. Large acanthostyles stitched. C. Small acanthostyles. D. Tornotes/strongyles. E. Chelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE2FFD683FDE67AFAC8E7AA" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE2FFD683FDE67AFE15E759" blockId="38.[197,434,1858,1884]" box="[197,434,1858,1884]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD683FDE67AFE15E759" bold="true" box="[197,434,1858,1884]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE2FFD683FDE649FAC8E7AA" blockId="38.[197,1391,1905,1967]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE2FFD683FDE649FACCE7AA" accessionNumber="OM415620" collectingDate="2019-11-10" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="SCUBA" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="19" latitude="59.0832" location="Slatbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="LAR-191110" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE2FFD683FDE649FE98E78E" box="[197,319,1905,1931]" name="Sweden" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
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;
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;
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,
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;
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<quantity id="5D549B18FFE2FFD680BAE649FC18E789" box="[898,959,1905,1932]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="19.0">19 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFE2FFD68723E649FB67E78E" box="[1051,1216,1905,1932]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2019-11-10">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE2FFD68723E649FB67E78E" box="[1051,1216,1905,1932]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2019-11-10">10 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE2FFD687F6E64AFAC8E789" box="[1230,1391,1906,1932]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191110-1]; LAR-191110-PB10040709;
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE2FFD68018E6ACFC21E7AB" box="[800,902,1940,1966]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; GenBank no.:
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(28S D3-D5)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD783FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE3FFD783FDE006FEBDE1C7" blockId="39.[195,1391,318,450]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
The specimen, of which a
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE3FFD782C9E006FD94E15C" box="[497,563,318,345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
fragment was collected, is thick encrusting and was found growing on a rock. The colour alive is saffron-yellow turning light greyish-white in ethanol. The surface presents high pore-sieves while oscules were not visible (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE3FFD781F1E0BDFC90E19A" box="[713,823,389,415]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-92@39.[184,1403,503,1873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 18. Hymedesmia sp. 1. GNM Porifera 1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709). A. Live specimen. B. Large acanthostyles stitched. C. Small acanthostyles. D. Tornotes/strongyles. E. Chelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). The consistency of this specimen is extremely friable.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CED36675FFE3FFD78380E640FB5DE7B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" targetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE3FFD78380E640FB5DE7B0" blockId="39.[184,1394,1912,1974]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD78380E640FEBDE797" bold="true" box="[184,282,1912,1938]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE3FFD7821EE640FDA0E797" box="[294,519,1912,1939]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD7821EE640FE19E797" box="[294,446,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 1
</taxonomicName>
. GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE3FFD78151E640FD60E797" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[617,711,1912,1938]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="39" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD787AAE640FB00E797" bold="true" box="[1170,1191,1912,1938]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD78380E6A3FF6BE7B0" bold="true" box="[184,204,1947,1973]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">B</emphasis>
. Large acanthostyles stitched.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD78171E6A3FDF9E7B0" bold="true" box="[585,606,1947,1973]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C</emphasis>
. Small acanthostyles.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD7805DE6A3FCDDE7B0" bold="true" box="[869,890,1947,1973]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">D</emphasis>
. Tornotes/strongyles.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE3FFD78746E6A3FB35E7B0" bold="true" box="[1150,1170,1947,1973]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">E</emphasis>
. Chelae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE028FE96E12F" blockId="40.[197,305,272,298]" box="[197,305,272,298]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD883FDE028FE96E12F" bold="true" box="[197,305,272,298]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE006FB82E255" blockId="40.[195,1393,318,592]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
Unfortunately, due to the size and consistency of the fragment, it was not possible to do a section. The skeleton is composed of two size classes of acanthostyles both curved near the base: a) large acanthostyles with a poorly developed tyle and spines reach 2/3 of the shaft (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFECFFD880F1E0BDFB90E19A" box="[969,1079,389,415]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-92@39.[184,1403,503,1873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 18. Hymedesmia sp. 1. GNM Porifera 1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709). A. Live specimen. B. Large acanthostyles stitched. C. Small acanthostyles. D. Tornotes/strongyles. E. Chelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
) measuring 354.9
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88618E0BDFAC6E19A" bold="true" box="[1312,1377,389,415]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">409.6</emphasis>
437.6± 47.43×4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD882A8E090FE13E1C7" bold="true" box="[400,436,424,450]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">4.8</emphasis>
6.0±1.10 µm (N=30), and b) small acanthostyles that are fully spined with spines more defined than for the large acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFECFFD881CDE0F3FCC5E1E0" box="[757,866,459,485]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-92@39.[184,1403,503,1873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 18. Hymedesmia sp. 1. GNM Porifera 1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709). A. Live specimen. B. Large acanthostyles stitched. C. Small acanthostyles. D. Tornotes/strongyles. E. Chelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 18C</figureCitation>
), measuring 134.7
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88775E0F3FB29E1E0" bold="true" box="[1101,1166,459,485]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">156.3</emphasis>
291.6±3.16 ×3.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD883FDE0D6FF4EE20D" bold="true" box="[197,233,494,520]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">4.8</emphasis>
9.6±1.41 µm (N=28). The ectosomal spicules are strongyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFECFFD880DCE0D6FBF7E20C" box="[996,1104,494,521]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-92@39.[184,1403,503,1873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 18. Hymedesmia sp. 1. GNM Porifera 1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709). A. Live specimen. B. Large acanthostyles stitched. C. Small acanthostyles. D. Tornotes/strongyles. E. Chelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 18D</figureCitation>
) measuring 179
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88618E0D6FAC6E20D" bold="true" box="[1312,1377,494,520]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">307.7</emphasis>
362.1± 37.11×1.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD8829CE32AFE6FE229" bold="true" box="[420,456,530,556]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">2.9</emphasis>
4.3 ±0.71 (N =32). The microscleres are arcuated chelae, with a very wide and curved shaft and short alae (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFECFFD88130E30DFDD6E24A" box="[520,625,565,591]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="39.[184,227,1912,1938]" captionTargetBox="[184,1402,503,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-92@39.[184,1403,503,1873]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Fig. 18. Hymedesmia sp. 1. GNM Porifera 1048 (LAR191110-PB10040709). A. Live specimen. B. Large acanthostyles stitched. C. Small acanthostyles. D. Tornotes/strongyles. E. Chelae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168703/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 18E</figureCitation>
): 20.6
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD881FBE30DFD52E24A" bold="true" box="[707,757,565,591]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">33.2</emphasis>
64.2±12.99 µm (N =15).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFECFFD883FDE34FFB52E397" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE34FFE90E294" blockId="40.[197,311,631,657]" box="[197,311,631,657]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD883FDE34FFE90E294" bold="true" box="[197,311,631,657]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE39DFB52E397" blockId="40.[195,1392,677,915]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
This specimen somewhat resembles
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD88151E39DFB3DE2BA" authority="Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009" authorityName="Goodwin &amp; Picton" authorityYear="2009" box="[617,1178,677,703]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rathlinia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88151E39DFCC9E2BA" box="[617,878,677,703]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hymedesmia rathlinia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFECFFD8804DE39DFB3DE2BA" author="Goodwin &amp; Picton" box="[885,1178,677,703]" firstAuthor="Goodwin" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, several characters distinguish it from this species: our specimen a) is light greyish white in ethanol rather than black or brown, b) it has no visible oscular papillae and c) it has chelae with a more curved shaft and shorter alae than what is presented for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD881A5E237FC80E32D" authorityName="Goodwin &amp; Picton" authorityYear="2009" box="[669,807,782,808]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rathlinia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD881A5E237FC80E32D" box="[669,807,782,808]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">H. rathlinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, we are inclined to conclude that our specimen is not conspecific with
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD88164E20BFD4CE349" authorityName="Goodwin &amp; Picton" authorityYear="2009" box="[604,747,818,844]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="rathlinia">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88164E20BFD4CE349" box="[604,747,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">H. rathlinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Also, our specimen lacks the polytyloted ectosomal spicules and the well-developed spines at the base of its large acanthostyles reported for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD887E0E26DFE49E397" authority="Alander, 1942" authorityName="Alander" authorityYear="1942" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gustafsoni">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD887E0E26DFE99E397" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hymedesmia gustafsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFECFFD8827CE240FE49E397" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[324,494,888,914]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander, 1942</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Hence, we are disinclined to assign this specimen to that species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,70 +1,70 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="06A31A75266425ABF18C50F57FBF83D7">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="C4FB3688BA3AF088A0178525B4BBC3F8">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="6C602293B0062CB2484967CC5A138913">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="D4D875B51E74A5FEDA79EA29C4426FFB">2025</mods:date>
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<treatment id="120587EBFFE5FFD382C4E774FCB8E6E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFE5FFD382C4E774FCB8E6E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFE5FFD382C4E774FCB8E6E5" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE5FFD182C4E774FB9FE662" box="[508,1080,1612,1639]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
<heading id="C15B8191FFE5FFD182C4E774FB9FE662" box="[508,1080,1612,1639]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD182C4E774FB9FE662" ID-CoL="3NH9B" authority="Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009" authorityName="Goodwin &amp; Picton" authorityYear="2009" box="[508,1080,1612,1639]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stellifera">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD182C4E774FCAEE662" bold="true" box="[508,777,1612,1639]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia stellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD18029E774FB9FE662" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." box="[785,1080,1612,1639]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD18029E774FB9FE662" author="Goodwin &amp; Picton" box="[785,1080,1612,1639]" firstAuthor="Goodwin" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE5FFD183FDE789FCD4E6C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10546060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10546060" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." box="[197,883,1713,1740]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0395C77B58453356E88112320210FD83" page="906" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" year="2009">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD183FDE789FCD4E6C9" ID-CoL="3NH9B" authority="Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009: 905 - 906" authorityName="Goodwin &amp; Picton" authorityPageNumber="905 - 906" authorityYear="2009" box="[197,883,1713,1740]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stellifera">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD183FDE789FE6CE6CE" box="[197,459,1713,1739]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hymedesmia stellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE5FFD182EBE789FCD4E6C9" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." box="[467,883,1713,1740]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009: 905906</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 8ab.
@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE5FFD183FDE7CAFE15E709" bold="true" box="[197,434,1778,1804]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE5FFD183FDE619FD37E787" blockId="33.[197,1391,1825,1922]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE5FFD183FDE619FD2BE787" accessionNumber="OM415624" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectionCode="SCUBA, GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson &amp; GenBank" country="Sweden" elevation="27" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCode="LAR-191116" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE5FFD183FDE619FD2BE787" accessionNumber="OM415624" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="27" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" specimenCode="Porifera 1122" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE5FFD183FDE619FE98E73E" box="[197,319,1825,1851]" name="Sweden" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE5FFD18263E619FE15E739" box="[347,434,1825,1852]" count="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
@ -122,22 +122,17 @@ depth
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE5FFD1860CE61AFE85E75A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg.[MM-191116-1];
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE5FFD18126E67CFD23E75B" box="[542,644,1860,1886]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">SCUBA</collectionCode>
;
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE5FFD181B4E67CFC8CE75A" box="[652,811,1860,1887]" collectionCode="LAR-" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">LAR-191116</specimenCode>
-PB160445, 4748;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE5FFD18733E67CFBDDE75B" box="[1035,1146,1860,1886]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">GenBank</collectorName>
no.:
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE5FFD18126E67CFD23E75B" box="[542,644,1860,1886]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191116-PB160445, 4748;GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE5FFD18791E67CFA97E75A" box="[1193,1328,1860,1887]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415624" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">OM415624</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE5FFD182A5E650FE46E787" box="[413,481,1896,1922]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE5FFD182D1E65FFDE0E784" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[489,583,1895,1921]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="33" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1122
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE5FFD182A5E650FE46E787" box="[413,481,1896,1922]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE5FFD182D1E65FFD2BE787" box="[489,652,1895,1922]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Porifera 1122</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE6FFD383FDE028FCB8E6E5" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE6FFD383FDE028FBFEE290" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE6FFD283FDE028FEF1E12F" blockId="34.[197,342,272,298]" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<heading id="C15B8191FFE6FFD283FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE6FFD283FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Description</emphasis>
@ -157,13 +152,13 @@ The specimen is an orange-yellow crust growing on a nearly vertical rock (
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE6FFD28386E6BFFEBDE7A4" bold="true" box="[190,282,1927,1953]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE6FFD28218E6BFFCF4E7A4" authority="Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009" authorityName="Goodwin &amp; Picton" authorityYear="2009" box="[288,851,1927,1953]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="stellifera">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE6FFD28218E6BFFD81E7A4" box="[288,550,1927,1953]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Hymedesmia stellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE6FFD28114E6BFFCF4E7A4" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." box="[556,851,1927,1953]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE6FFD28114E6BFFCF4E7A4" author="Goodwin &amp; Picton" box="[556,851,1927,1953]" firstAuthor="Goodwin" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE6FFD28065E6BFFCD5E7A4" bold="true" box="[861,882,1927,1953]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE6FFD287BCE6BFFB45E7A4" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1156,1250,1927,1953]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="34" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1122 (LAR- 191116-PB160445, 4748).
1122 (LAR-191116-PB160445, 4748).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE6FFD28131E692FDBAE7C1" bold="true" box="[521,541,1962,1988]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">B</emphasis>
. Detail of an osculum.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE6FFD28017E692FCE3E7C1" bold="true" box="[815,836,1962,1988]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">C</emphasis>
@ -208,6 +203,8 @@ The skeleton is composed of two size classes of acanthostyles erected with their
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD381C5E343FC97E290" bold="true" box="[765,816,635,661]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">16.5</emphasis>
21.2± 2.51 µm (N =32).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE7FFD383FDE385FD46E397" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD383FDE385FE5DE2D2" blockId="35.[197,506,701,727]" box="[197,506,701,727]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD383FDE385FE5DE2D2" bold="true" box="[197,506,701,727]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
@ -220,16 +217,20 @@ from
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE7FFD387DDE3D3FAC8E303" box="[1253,1391,747,774]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" unit="m" value="28.5" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="25.0">25 to 32 m</quantity>
depth. However, there has been a recent report from southern
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE7FFD38090E237FBA1E32C" box="[936,1030,783,809]" name="Norway" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Norway</collectingCountry>
(community iNaturalist 2020; GBIF.org 2023), and given that this species has been only recently described, it is natural that its real bathymetric and geographical distribution could be much larger than what is currently known. Our specimen represents a new report for
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD38721E236FAC0E32C" accessDate="2023-02-22" author="Community iNaturalist" box="[1049,1383,782,809]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" publicationUrl="https://www.inaturalist.org" refId="ref27652" refString="Community iNaturalist 2020. Observations of Hymedesmia stellifera from Norway observed on 2007 - 02 - 05. Available from https://www.inaturalist.org [accessed 22 Feb. 2023]." title="Observations of Hymedesmia stellifera from Norway observed on 2007 - 02 - 05." type="url" year="2020">community iNaturalist 2020</bibRefCitation>
; GBIF.org 2023), and given that this species has been only recently described, it is natural that its real bathymetric and geographical distribution could be much larger than what is currently known. Our specimen represents a new report for
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE7FFD38144E240FD7AE397" box="[636,733,888,914]" name="Sweden" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Sweden</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE7FFD383FDE282FCB8E6E5" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD383FDE282FE90E3D1" blockId="35.[197,311,954,980]" box="[197,311,954,980]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD383FDE282FE90E3D1" bold="true" box="[197,311,954,980]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD383FDE2D0FCEDE53A" blockId="35.[193,1393,1000,1343]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
The specimen examined has an external morphology conforming to the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD3863AE2D0FED3E420" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton 2009</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD3863AE2D0FED3E420" author="Goodwin &amp; Picton" firstAuthor="Goodwin" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, the shape of the megascleres are overall concordant with the original description, with the exception of the small acanthostyles which present fused forms, and are slightly larger (39.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD38267E56AFE35E469" bold="true" box="[351,402,1106,1132]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">95.1</emphasis>
124.6 ×3.4
@ -237,11 +238,11 @@ The specimen examined has an external morphology conforming to the original desc
12.8) than what has been previously reported (65
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD387F1E56AFB41E469" bold="true" box="[1225,1254,1106,1132]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">79</emphasis>
95 ×810) (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD383F6E54DFE5EE48A" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." box="[206,505,1141,1167]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton 2009</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD383F6E54DFE5EE48A" author="Goodwin &amp; Picton" box="[206,505,1141,1167]" firstAuthor="Goodwin" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton 2009</bibRefCitation>
). However, the size range of the microscleres seems to be different than what was originally reported: here, both chelae and sigmas had the same size range while there was an obvious size class difference between sigmas and chelae in the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFE7FFD38096E584FC46E4D3" box="[942,993,1212,1238]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">type</typeStatus>
material (sigmas: 1012 µm and, chelae: 1518 µm) (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD38282E5E6FD45E4FC" author="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E." box="[442,738,1246,1273]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton 2009</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD38282E5E6FD45E4FC" author="Goodwin &amp; Picton" box="[442,738,1246,1273]" firstAuthor="Goodwin" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="896 - 912" refId="ref28471" refString="Goodwin C. E. &amp; Picton Bernard E. 2009. Demosponges of the genus Hymedesmia (Poecilosclerida: Hymedesmidae) from Rathlin Island, Northern Ireland, with a description of six new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (4): 896-912. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00498.x." type="journal article" year="2009">Goodwin &amp; Picton 2009</bibRefCitation>
). These differences might be associated with different environments, populations or simply the number of spicules measured. Since only
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE7FFD387A0E43AFA9EE519" box="[1176,1337,1282,1308]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
was collected it is difficult to generalize these observations.
@ -282,10 +283,12 @@ species of the genus, thus suggesting that the genus
</taxonomicName>
could also belong to the
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE7FFD38093E701FB9AE656" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1969" box="[939,1085,1593,1619]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Crambeidae</taxonomicName>
. Alander (1937) described
.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD3877CE701FB5FE651" author="Alander H." box="[1092,1272,1593,1620]" journalOrPublisher="Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="71 - 74" part="10" refId="ref27125" refString="Alander H. 1937. Sponges from the Trondheimsfjord and Adjacent waters II. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger 10 (19): 71-74." title="Sponges from the Trondheimsfjord and Adjacent waters II" type="journal article" year="1937">Alander (1937)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE7FFD383FCE766FDFFE672" authority="Alander, 1937" authorityName="Alander" authorityYear="1937" box="[196,600,1629,1655]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymoxenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inflata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD383FCE766FE06E672" box="[196,417,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Hymoxenia inflata</emphasis>
Alander, 1937
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD38294E765FDFFE672" author="Alander H." box="[428,600,1629,1655]" journalOrPublisher="Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="71 - 74" part="10" refId="ref27125" refString="Alander H. 1937. Sponges from the Trondheimsfjord and Adjacent waters II. Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger 10 (19): 71-74." title="Sponges from the Trondheimsfjord and Adjacent waters II" type="journal article" year="1937">Alander, 1937</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE7FFD38195E765FC00E672" box="[685,935,1629,1655]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" genus="Hymesdesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="inflata">

View file

@ -0,0 +1,486 @@
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<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE7FFD3812EE61DFBBAE745" box="[534,1053,1829,1856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD3812EE61DFBBAE745" blockId="35.[534,1053,1829,1891]" box="[534,1053,1829,1856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="C15B8191FFE7FFD3812EE61DFBBAE745" box="[534,1053,1829,1856]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE7FFD3812EE61DFBBAE745" ID-CoL="3NHXC" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[534,1053,1829,1856]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD3812EE61DFC94E745" bold="true" box="[534,819,1829,1856]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Hymedesmia dujardinii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD38079E61EFBB2E745" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[833,1045,1830,1856]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD381C8E671FCE4E766" blockId="35.[534,1053,1829,1891]" box="[752,835,1865,1891]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE7FFD381C8E671FCE4E766" box="[752,835,1865,1891]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[191,233,1939,1965]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,986,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-226@36.[186,1401,986,1901]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 17. Hymedesmia dujardinii (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1070 (P110- 151015-1). B. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1121 (LAR-191102-PB02034445). C. Acanthostyles and tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168701/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD383FDE6B3FC9DE7A0" blockId="35.[197,866,1930,1993]" box="[197,826,1930,1957]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE7FFD383FDE6B3FC91E7A0" authority="Bowerbank 1866: 224 - 225" authorityName=", Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="224 - 225" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,822,1930,1957]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD383FDE6B3FE4CE7A0" box="[197,491,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Hymeniacidon dujardinii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD382CBE6B3FC91E7A0" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[499,822,1930,1957]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866: 224225</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE7FFD383FDE696FCC5E7CD" blockId="35.[197,866,1930,1993]" box="[197,866,1966,1993]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE7FFD383FDE696FD00E7CD" author="Fristedt K." box="[197,679,1966,1993]" page="29" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1885">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE7FFD383FDE696FD00E7CD" ID-CoL="7B2B8" authority="Fristedt, 1885: 28 - 29" authorityName="Fristedt" authorityPageNumber="28 - 29" authorityYear="1885" box="[197,679,1966,1993]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Stylopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE7FFD383FDE696FE06E7CD" box="[197,417,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Stylopus coriaceus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE7FFD38291E696FD00E7CD" author="Fristedt" box="[425,679,1966,1993]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="28 - 29" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt, 1885: 2829</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. II fig. 8ag.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD483FDE028FB2FE12F" blockId="36.[197,1391,272,440]" box="[197,1160,272,299]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFE0FFD483FDE028FB2FE12F" box="[197,1160,272,299]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD483FDE028FD20E12F" ID-CoL="7B2B9" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,647,272,298]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Stylopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD483FDE028FE3CE12F" box="[197,411,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stylopus dujardini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD48293E028FDD9E12F" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[427,638,272,298]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE0FFD4818BE028FC07E12E" author="Levinsen G. M. R." box="[691,928,272,299]" page="419" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD4818BE028FC07E12E" author="Levinsen" box="[691,928,272,299]" firstAuthor="Levinsen" page="419" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="317 - 427" refId="ref29259" refString="Levinsen G. M. R. 1893. Annulata, Hydroidae, Anthozoa Porifera. In: Petersen C. G. J. (ed.) Det videnskabelige udbytte af Kanonbaaden Hauchs togter i de Danske have indenfor Skagen i aarene 1883 - 86: 317-427. Andr. Fred. Host &amp; Sons Forlag., Copenhagen." type="book chapter" year="1893">Levinsen 1893: 419</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD480F6E028FB23E12F" author="Arndt W." box="[974,1156,272,299]" journalOrPublisher="Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 140" part="III A" refId="ref27297" refString="Arndt W. 1935. Porifera. Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee III A: 1-140." title="Porifera" type="book chapter" year="1935">Arndt 1935: 64</bibRefCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD483FDE00CFCE1E14B" blockId="36.[197,1391,272,440]" box="[197,838,308,334]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD483FDE00CFDE0E14B" ID-CoL="7B2B8" baseAuthorityName="Fristedt" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[197,583,308,334]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Stylopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="dujardini" variety="coriaceus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD483FDE00CFE3CE14B" box="[197,411,308,334]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stylopus dujardini</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD482EDE00DFDE0E14B" box="[469,583,309,334]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">coriaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Topsent 1928: 283.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD483FDE06FFE4BE191" blockId="36.[197,1391,272,440]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFE0FFD483FDE06FFE4BE191" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD483FDE06FFE76E174" ID-CoL="6PJ8P" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,465,343,369]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD483FDE06FFE76E174" box="[197,465,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hymedesmia dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE0FFD482CBE06FFC82E174" author="Lundbeck W." box="[499,805,343,369]" page="101" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1910">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD482CBE06FFC82E174" author="Lundbeck" box="[499,805,343,369]" firstAuthor="Lundbeck" page="101 - 104" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref29323" refString="Lundbeck W. 1910. Porifera. (Part III.) Desmacidonidae (pars). Bianco Luno, Denmark." type="book" year="1910">Lundbeck 1910: 101104</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. X fig. 5. —
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE0FFD480D4E06FFB6DE174" author="Stephens J." box="[1004,1226,343,369]" page="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1917">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD480D4E06FFB6DE174" author="Stephens" box="[1004,1226,343,369]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="11" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref30980" refString="Stephens J. 1917. Report on the sponges collected off the coast of Ireland by the dredging expeditions of the Royal Irish Academy and the Royal Dublin Society. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Section B: Biological, Geological, and Chemical Science 34: 1." type="journal volume" year="1917">Stephens 1917: 11</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE0FFD487E2E06FFAE2E174" author="Stephens J." box="[1242,1349,343,369]" page="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1921">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD487E2E06FFAE2E174" author="Stephens" box="[1242,1349,343,369]" firstAuthor="Stephens" page="40" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref31031" refString="Stephens J. 1921. Sponges of the coasts of Ireland. II. The Tetraxonida (concluded). Scientific Investigations of the Fisheries Branch. Department of Agriculture for Ireland. 1920 (2): 1-75, pls I - VI." type="journal article" year="1921">1921: 40</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE0FFD483CCE042FE4EE191" author="Hentschel E." box="[244,489,378,405]" page="962" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD483CCE042FE4EE191" author="Hentschel" box="[244,489,378,405]" firstAuthor="Hentschel" page="962" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel 1929: 962</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD483FDE0A5FCC0E1B2" blockId="36.[197,1391,272,440]" box="[197,871,413,440]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD483FDE0A5FD25E1B2" ID-CoL="VS99" authority="Burton, 1930" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1930" box="[197,642,413,440]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brondstedi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD483FDE0A5FE78E1B2" box="[197,479,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hymedesmia brondstedi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD482DFE0A6FD25E1B2" author="Burton M." box="[487,642,413,440]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="487 - 546" part="100" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" refId="ref27513" refString="Burton M. 1930. Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 100 (2): 487-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" title="Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection" type="journal article" year="1930">Burton, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD481A6E0A5FCC4E1B2" author="Ackers R. G. &amp; Moss D. &amp; Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C." bookContentInfo="1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." box="[670,867,413,439]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref27051" refString="Ackers R. G., Moss D., Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2007. Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;). 1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." title="Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;)" type="book" year="2007">Ackers 2007: 99</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE0FFD483FDE0E6FD4CE3AE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD483FDE0E6FDFAE1FC" blockId="36.[197,605,478,505]" box="[197,605,478,505]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD483FDE0E6FE15E1FD" bold="true" box="[197,434,478,504]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD482FAE0E7FDF2E1FC" box="[450,597,479,505]" count="7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD483FDE335FD4CE3AE" blockId="36.[196,1391,525,939]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD483FDE335FAA6E24F" collectingDate="2019-10-01" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" municipality="Saltbacken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="Porifera 1068" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE0FFD483FDE335FE98E222" box="[197,319,525,551]" name="Sweden" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD48261E335FE08E22D" box="[345,431,525,552]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFE0FFD48284E335FDE6E222" box="[444,577,525,551]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0832" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" name="Saltbacken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Saltbacken</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE0FFD48175E335FD7FE22D" box="[589,728,525,552]" degrees="59.0832" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="59.0832">59.0832° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE0FFD481DDE335FCCBE22D" box="[741,876,525,552]" degrees="11.2242" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="11.2242">11.2242° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE0FFD48042E335FB80E222" box="[890,1063,525,552]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE0FFD48042E335FC7EE22D" box="[890,985,525,552]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="25.0">4025m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFE0FFD4870BE335FB65E222" box="[1075,1218,525,551]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2019-10-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE0FFD4870BE335FB65E222" box="[1075,1218,525,551]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2019-10-01">1 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE0FFD487F7E336FAC8E22D" box="[1231,1391,526,552]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191001-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE0FFD482FDE309FD8CE24E" box="[453,555,561,587]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191001-PA010087, 0089; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE0FFD48720E309FBFBE24E" box="[1048,1116,561,587]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE0FFD4875AE308FAA6E24F" box="[1122,1281,560,586]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Porifera 1068</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD4862FE309FE1FE2B1" collectingDate="2019-11-02" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" municipality="Lunneviken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="Porifera 1046" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD4862FE309FACDE24E" box="[1303,1386,561,587]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFE0FFD483FDE36CFEF2E26B" box="[197,341,596,622]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0546" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" name="Lunneviken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lunneviken</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE0FFD48259E36CFE4CE26B" box="[353,491,596,623]" degrees="59.0546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="59.0546">59.0546° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE0FFD482C0E36CFDD9E26B" box="[504,638,596,622]" degrees="11.1690" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="11.169">11.1690 °E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE0FFD481B3E36CFCE7E26B" box="[651,832,596,623]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE0FFD481B3E36CFD54E26B" box="[651,755,596,623]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="25.0">4025 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFE0FFD48074E36CFC47E26B" box="[844,992,596,622]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2019-11-02">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE0FFD48074E36CFC47E26B" box="[844,992,596,622]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2019-11-02">2 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE0FFD480D5E36CFB2BE26B" box="[1005,1164,596,622]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191102- 2];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE0FFD483CCE34FFEFDE294" box="[244,346,631,657]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191102-PB020269, 7172; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE0FFD48083E34FFBE4E297" box="[955,1091,631,658]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">OM415619</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE0FFD483FDE3A2FEAEE2B1" box="[197,265,666,692]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE0FFD4822CE3A2FE1FE2B1" box="[276,440,666,692]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Porifera 1046</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD482EFE3A2FB9FE2D2" accessionNumber="OM415622" collectingDate="2019-11-02" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" municipality="Lunneviken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="Porifera 1069" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD482EFE3A2FD97E2B0" box="[471,560,666,693]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-191102-PB020285, 87, 89; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE0FFD48298E385FD8FE2DD" box="[416,552,701,728]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415622" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">OM415622</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE0FFD48072E385FC29E2D2" box="[842,910,701,727]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE0FFD480AEE385FB9FE2D2" box="[918,1080,701,727]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Porifera 1069</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD4876BE385FB5BE2FE" accessionNumber="OM415641" collectingDate="2019-11-02" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="LAR" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" municipality="Lunneviken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="LAR-191102" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD4876BE385FB0EE2DD" box="[1107,1193,701,728]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-191102-PB02030203; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE0FFD480EAE3D8FBFDE2FE" box="[978,1114,736,763]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415641" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">OM415641</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD4862DE3D9FD2DE344" accessionNumber="OM415575" collectingDate="2019-11-02" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" municipality="Lunneviken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="Porifera 1120" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD4862DE3D9FACDE2FE" box="[1301,1386,737,763]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-191102-PB02033941; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE0FFD4879EE23CFA8AE31A" box="[1190,1325,772,799]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415575" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">OM415575</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE0FFD482A6E21FFE45E344" box="[414,482,807,833]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE0FFD482D2E21FFD2DE344" box="[490,650,807,833]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Porifera 1120</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD4819BE21FFB4BE361" accessionNumber="OM415574" collectingDate="2019-11-02" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="25" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" municipality="Lunneviken" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="Porifera 1121" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD4819BE21FFD5FE344" box="[675,760,807,833]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-191102- PB02034445; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE0FFD4810FE272FD18E360" box="[567,703,842,869]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415574" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">OM415574</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE0FFD480CCE272FB9FE361" box="[1012,1080,842,868]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE0FFD4877EE272FB4BE361" box="[1094,1260,842,868]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Porifera 1121</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE0FFD48628E272FD40E3AE" collectingDate="2015-10-10" collectingMethod="ROV" collectionCode="GNM" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.3099" location="Gaseklovan" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.5389" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCode="Porifera 1070" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE0FFD48628E272FACDE360" box="[1296,1386,842,869]" count="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE0FFD48266E255FE4FE38D" box="[350,488,877,904]" degrees="58.3099" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="58.3099">58.3099° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE0FFD482CCE255FDDDE38D" box="[500,634,877,904]" degrees="11.5389" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="5" value="11.5389">11.5389° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE0FFD481BEE255FC94E382" box="[646,819,877,904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE0FFD481BEE255FD41E38D" box="[646,742,877,904]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="25.0">4025m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFE0FFD48006E255FC7EE38D" box="[830,985,877,904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2015-10-10">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE0FFD48006E255FC7EE38D" box="[830,985,877,904]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2015-10-10">10 Oct. 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
; leg. [Gåseklovan, 151010];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE0FFD48613E255FACCE382" box="[1323,1387,877,903]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">ROV</collectingMethod>
; P110-151015-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE0FFD482CFE2A9FD9CE3AE" box="[503,571,913,939]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE0FFD4817BE2A8FD40E3AE" box="[579,743,912,939]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Porifera 1070</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CED36675FFE0FFD48387E6ABFE82E7F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168701/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[191,233,1939,1965]" targetBox="[189,1398,986,1861]" targetPageId="36">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE0FFD48387E6ABFE82E7F1" blockId="36.[191,1401,1939,2036]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD48387E6ABFEB9E7AB" bold="true" box="[191,286,1939,1966]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD48212E6ABFC9EE7A8" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[298,825,1939,1965]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD48212E6ABFDE5E7A8" box="[298,578,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Hymedesmia dujardinii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE0FFD4816FE6ABFC97E7A8" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[599,816,1939,1965]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD48070E6ABFCFAE7A8" bold="true" box="[840,861,1939,1965]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
. Full specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD48743E6ABFB7DE7A8" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1147,1242,1939,1965]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1070 (P110- 151015-1).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD4827FE68FFEFDE7D4" bold="true" box="[327,346,1975,2001]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">B</emphasis>
. Full specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE0FFD48154E68EFD6CE7D5" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[620,715,1974,2000]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="36" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1121 (LAR-191102-PB02034445).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE0FFD487B8E68EFB34E7D5" bold="true" box="[1152,1171,1974,2000]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C</emphasis>
. Acanthostyles and tornotes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE1FFD583FDE028FC48E2E7" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE028FEF1E12F" blockId="37.[197,342,272,298]" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD583FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE006FD8AE1E0" blockId="37.[197,1391,318,485]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
All specimens presented a thin encrusting habitus and were growing on clean rock, algae or
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD587F6E006FEE1E179" authorityName="M. Sars" authorityYear="1835" class="Polychaeta" family="Chaetopteridae" genus="Chaetopterus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="norvegicus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD587F6E006FEE1E179" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chaetopterus norvegicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
polychaete tubes. The surface is smooth. The colour alive was translucent white-cream; white-pink (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE1FFD5826FE0BDFE4FE19A" box="[343,488,389,415]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[191,233,1939,1965]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,986,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-226@36.[186,1401,986,1901]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 17. Hymedesmia dujardinii (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1070 (P110- 151015-1). B. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1121 (LAR-191102-PB02034445). C. Acanthostyles and tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168701/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17AB</figureCitation>
) or light-brown colour changing to pale beige when preserved in ethanol. Pores were visible and regularly distributed and without pore-sieve. Oscula were present on a slightly elevated chimney (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE1FFD5828CE0F3FDB8E1E0" box="[436,543,459,485]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[191,233,1939,1965]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,986,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-226@36.[186,1401,986,1901]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 17. Hymedesmia dujardinii (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1070 (P110- 151015-1). B. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1121 (LAR-191102-PB02034445). C. Acanthostyles and tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168701/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE334FE96E223" blockId="37.[197,305,524,550]" box="[197,305,524,550]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD583FDE334FE96E223" bold="true" box="[197,305,524,550]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE303FC48E2E7" blockId="37.[196,1391,571,739]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
The skeleton conformation was hymedesmoid, with acanthostyles erected with base attached in the substrate, and surface smooth tornotes. Megascleres are one class size of acanthostyles spined mostly at the base but somewhat extending along the shaft, measuring 50.0
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD5873CE3BAFBF2E299" bold="true" box="[1028,1109,642,668]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">124.5</emphasis>
207.5 ±47.69 ×1.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58604E3BAFAC6E299" bold="true" box="[1340,1377,642,668]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">5.1</emphasis>
8.8± 1.80 µm (N=65), and smooth spicules that can be tylotes, anisotornotes or strongyles, measuring 72.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD5823FE3F0FEEEE2E7" bold="true" box="[263,329,712,738]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">196.6</emphasis>
242.5 ± 35.5 ×1.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58117E3F0FDC5E2E7" bold="true" box="[559,610,712,738]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">2.8</emphasis>
3.8± 0.80 µm (N=31) (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE1FFD5804EE3F0FC45E2E7" box="[886,994,712,738]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="36.[191,233,1939,1965]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,986,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-226@36.[186,1401,986,1901]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Fig. 17. Hymedesmia dujardinii (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1070 (P110- 151015-1). B. Full specimen, GNM Porifera 1121 (LAR-191102-PB02034445). C. Acanthostyles and tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168701/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE1FFD583FDE232FD03E469" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE232FE5DE326" blockId="37.[197,506,777,804]" box="[197,506,777,804]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD583FDE232FE5DE326" bold="true" box="[197,506,777,804]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE200FD03E469" blockId="37.[195,1391,824,1132]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
This species presents ample geographical and bathymetrical distributions, with reports from the Arctic to northern Africa and the Mediterranean, and from shallow waters to
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE1FFD58725E263FBDEE373" box="[1053,1145,859,886]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
depth. Additionally, specimens of this species have been observed on various substrates, including rock, brachiopod shells, and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD58270E29AFE41E3B9" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1830" box="[328,486,930,956]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chaetopteridae" genus="Chaetopterus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58270E29AFE41E3B9" box="[328,486,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chaetopterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tubes. Given the wide distribution, lack of substrate preference, and spicules variability, it is likely that
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD582D7E2FEFD22E3DA" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[495,645,965,991]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD582D7E2FEFD22E3DA" box="[495,645,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">H. dujardinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represents a species complex. The
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFE1FFD58723E2FDFBE9E3DA" box="[1051,1102,965,991]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">type</typeStatus>
locality for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD587EFE2FEFACAE3DA" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1239,1389,965,991]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD587EFE2FEFACAE3DA" box="[1239,1389,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">H. dujardinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE1FFD583E6E2D0FE3AE407" box="[222,413,1000,1026]" country="United Kingdom" name="North Yorkshire" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">North Yorkshire</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE1FFD5829FE2D1FE73E406" box="[423,468,1001,1027]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">UK</collectingCountry>
, and the specimen was growing on brachiopod shells. In spite of that, it is worth noting that this species is currently considered in the WPD a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD5871EE534FAC9E423" authority="(Fristedt, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Fristedt" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1062,1390,1035,1062]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriacea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD5871EE534FB16E420" box="[1062,1201,1036,1061]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">H. coriacea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD587FAE533FAC1E423" author="Fristedt" box="[1218,1382,1035,1062]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(see Remark below), which was firstly described in Bohuslän,
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE1FFD5809AE516FBA5E44D" box="[930,1026,1070,1096]" name="Sweden" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD5870AE516FB45E44C" author="Fristedt" box="[1074,1250,1070,1097]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt (1885)</bibRefCitation>
growing on
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD583FCE56AFEC5E469" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1830" box="[196,354,1106,1132]" class="Polychaeta" family="Chaetopteridae" genus="Chaetopterus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD583FCE56AFEC5E469" box="[196,354,1106,1132]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Chaetopterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tubes (as in present study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE1FFD683FDE5ABFCE4E174" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE5ABFE90E4A8" blockId="37.[197,311,1171,1197]" box="[197,311,1171,1197]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD583FDE5ABFE90E4A8" bold="true" box="[197,311,1171,1197]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE1FFD583FDE5FAFE05E77C" blockId="37.[195,1393,1218,1913]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD583FDE5FAFE02E4D9" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[197,421,1218,1244]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank (1866)</bibRefCitation>
introduced the name
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD5818CE5FAFC79E4D9" authorityName=", Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[692,990,1218,1244]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD5818CE5FAFC79E4D9" box="[692,990,1218,1244]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hymeniacidon dujardinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for this species; however, under the mistaken assumption that it was the same as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD58013E5DDFB50E4FA" authority="(Johnston, 1842)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[811,1271,1253,1279]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halisarcidae" genus="Halisarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chondrillida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58013E5DDFB87E4FA" box="[811,1056,1253,1279]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Halisarca dujardinii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD5870EE5DDFB48E4FA" author="Johnston" box="[1078,1263,1253,1279]" firstAuthor="Johnston" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref28955" refString="Johnston G. 1842. A History of British Sponges and Lithophytes. W. H. Lizars, Edinburg." type="book" year="1842">Johnston, 1842</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. This led
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD583FDE431FECBE527" author="Burton M." box="[197,364,1288,1315]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="487 - 546" part="100" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" refId="ref27513" refString="Burton M. 1930. Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 100 (2): 487-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" title="Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection" type="journal article" year="1930">Burton (1930)</bibRefCitation>
to dismiss Bowerbanks name as unavailable and also introduce the replacement name
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD583FDE413FE43E540" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1930" box="[197,484,1323,1349]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brondstedi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD583FDE413FE43E540" box="[197,484,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hymedesmia brondstedi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This rejection of Bowerbanks name was maintained by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD58797E413FAC0E540" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[1199,1383,1323,1349]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander (1942)</bibRefCitation>
, who also identified
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD58295E476FC90E56C" authority="Fristedt, 1885" authorityName="Fristedt" authorityYear="1885" box="[429,823,1358,1385]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Stylopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58295E476FD2CE56D" box="[429,651,1358,1384]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Stylopus coriaceus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD581ABE476FC90E56C" author="Fristedt" box="[659,823,1358,1385]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt, 1885</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
as an available senior synonym to
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD587E0E476FEE6E589" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1930" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="brondstedi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD587E0E476FEE6E589" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hymedesmia brondstedi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We find, however, that Burtons conclusion was not justified according to the current International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (henceforth, the Code) (ICZN 1999), even though, it is certainly not a clear-cut case. Our argument is the following: a)
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD58094E480FB20E5D7" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[940,1159,1464,1490]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank (1866)</bibRefCitation>
provided a detailed description (by his contemporary standards) of the species and listed the specimen on which this was based, b) he used a new binomial for this sponge (not opening problems of homonymy), c) he headed his description
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD58247E71AFC99E639" authority=", Bowerbank" authorityName=", Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[383,830,1570,1596]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58247E71AFD0CE639" box="[383,683,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hymeniacidon Dujardinii</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58180E71AFC99E639" box="[696,830,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Bowerbank</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, stating that he was the first to use this binomial for this species d) although he did not claim to describe a new species, he explicitly differentiated his sponge from Johnstons
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD5812BE750FCA3E687" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[531,772,1640,1666]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halisarcidae" genus="Halisarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chondrillida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD5812BE750FCA3E687" box="[531,772,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Halisarca dujardinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, e) the Code (ICZN 1999) prescribes in Art. 16 intention of authors to establish new nominal taxa to be explicit only for names proposed after 1999. This leads us to conclude that
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD58101E796FBE6E6CD" authority="Bowerbank, 1866" authorityName=", Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[569,1089,1710,1736]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58101E796FCC4E6CD" box="[569,867,1710,1736]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Hymeniacidon dujardinii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD58055E796FBE6E6CD" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[877,1089,1710,1736]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is an available name for nomenclatorial purposes. This does not necessarily imply that it should be used as the valid name, for example if Art. 23.9 of the Code could be applied. However, the name has been used by several authors after 1899; some are listed under synonyms, see above, and, e.g., as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD5873EE621FB46E737" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[1030,1249,1816,1842]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Leptosia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD5873EE621FB46E737" box="[1030,1249,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Leptosia dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD5862AE621FEAEE750" author="Topsent" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref31183" refString="Topsent E. 1901. Spongiaires. Resultats du voyage du S. Y. ' Belgica' en 1897 - 99 sous le commandement de A. de Gerlache de Gomery. Expedition antarctique belge. Zoologie 4: 1-54." type="journal article" year="1901">Topsent (1901</bibRefCitation>
; 1904) or as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE1FFD58291E603FD26E750" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[425,641,1851,1877]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Stylopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardini">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE1FFD58291E603FD26E750" box="[425,641,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Stylopus dujardini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE1FFD58195E604FCF1E753" author="Topsent" box="[685,854,1851,1878]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="623 - 725" refId="ref31226" refString="Topsent E. 1925. Etude des Spongiaires du Golfe de Naples. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 63 (5): 623-725, pl. VIII." type="journal article" year="1925">Topsent (1925</bibRefCitation>
, 1928), thus disqualifying application of Art. 23.9 (ICZN 1999).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE2FFD683FDE029FCE4E174" blockId="38.[195,1391,272,370]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
We conclude that the name
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE2FFD6813BE028FBDBE12F" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[515,1148,272,299]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii" subGenus="Stylopus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD6813BE028FD3CE12F" box="[515,667,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD68193E028FCA9E12F" box="[683,782,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Stylopus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD68026E028FC35E12F" box="[798,914,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">dujardinii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE2FFD68099E028FBD4E12F" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[929,1139,272,298]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is the valid name for this species hypothesis and hence that it should be reinstated. Consequently,
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE2FFD68700E00DFEA0E177" authority="(Fristedt, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Fristedt" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Stylopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="coriaceus" subGenus="Stylopus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD68700E00DFBF2E14B" box="[1080,1109,309,334]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD6875EE00CFBDBE14B" box="[1126,1148,308,334]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD687B4E00DFB59E14B" box="[1164,1278,309,334]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">coriaceus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE2FFD68634E00CFF58E177" author="Fristedt" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt, 1885</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
becomes a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE2FFD6814BE060FC9CE174" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[627,827,343,369]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dujardinii" subGenus="Stylopus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD6814BE060FD37E174" box="[627,656,344,369]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">H.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD68198E06FFD11E174" box="[672,694,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE2FFD681FFE06FFC9CE174" box="[711,827,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">dujardinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
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<mods:title id="DC36ABEA9551EEB33A090A0423DDC1F9">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="BB3B6F8BA60E9AB90A13527B91F2053D">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE8FFDC815DE0C4FC68E212" box="[613,975,508,535]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE8FFDC815DE0C4FC68E212" blockId="44.[613,975,508,570]" box="[613,975,508,535]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<heading id="C15B8191FFE8FFDC815DE0C4FC68E212" box="[613,975,508,535]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC815DE0C4FC68E212" ID-CoL="4GR7K" authority="(Topsent, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[613,975,508,535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC815DE0C4FCAAE212" bold="true" box="[613,781,508,535]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Phorbas dives</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE8FFDC8025E0C5FC61E212" author="Topsent" box="[797,966,509,535]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE8FFDC81C8E318FCE4E23F" box="[752,835,544,570]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE8FFDC81C8E318FCE4E23F" blockId="44.[613,975,508,570]" box="[752,835,544,570]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE8FFDC81C8E318FCE4E23F" box="[752,835,544,570]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,923,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-199@44.[183,1404,923,1839]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 22. Phorbas dives (Topsent, 1891). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1104 (LAR-180828-7014, 7016). B. Spicule slide showing the size range of the acanthostyles. C. Spicule slide showing, 2 sizes of isochelae; one tornote and one sigma (red line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168713/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE8FFDC83FDE35AFC36E279" box="[197,913,609,636]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE8FFDC83FDE35AFC36E279" blockId="44.[197,913,609,636]" box="[197,913,609,636]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFE8FFDC83FDE35AFC36E279" box="[197,913,609,636]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFE8FFDC83FDE35AFD11E279" author="Topsent E." box="[197,694,609,636]" page="544" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" year="1891">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC83FDE35AFD11E279" ID-CoL="42TFB" authority="Topsent, 1891: 543 - 544" authorityName="Topsent" authorityPageNumber="543 - 544" authorityYear="1891" box="[197,694,609,636]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Microciona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC83FDE35AFE37E279" box="[197,400,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Microciona dives</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE8FFDC82AFE35AFD11E279" author="Topsent" box="[407,694,609,636]" firstAuthor="Topsent" page="543 - 544" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent, 1891: 543544</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. XXII figs 23.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE8FFDC83FDE39BFAC8E350" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE8FFDC83FDE39BFDFAE2B8" blockId="44.[197,605,675,701]" box="[197,605,675,701]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC83FDE39BFE15E2B8" bold="true" box="[197,434,675,701]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE8FFDC82FAE39BFDF2E2B8" box="[450,597,675,701]" count="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE8FFDC83FDE3EAFAC8E350" blockId="44.[197,1391,721,854]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE8FFDC83FDE3EAFE15E337" accessionNumber="OM436258" collectingDate="2018-08-28" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="26" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="Porifera 1104" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE8FFDC83FDE3EAFE98E2E9" box="[197,319,722,748]" name="Sweden" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
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;
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;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE8FFDC816AE3E9FD79E2E9" box="[594,734,721,748]" degrees="59.0832" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="5" value="59.0832">59.0832° N</geoCoordinate>
,
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;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE8FFDC80BAE3E9FBAAE2E9" box="[898,1037,721,748]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="26.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE8FFDC80BAE3E9FC18E2E9" box="[898,959,721,748]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="26.0">26 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFE8FFDC8723E3EAFB67E2E9" box="[1051,1216,722,748]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2018-08-28">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE8FFDC8723E3EAFB67E2E9" box="[1051,1216,722,748]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2018-08-28">28 Aug. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE8FFDC87F6E3EAFAC8E2E9" box="[1230,1391,722,748]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180828-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE8FFDC82F2E3CDFD97E30A" box="[458,560,757,783]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-180828-70147016; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFE8FFDC871AE3CDFB0EE315" box="[1058,1193,757,784]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436258" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">OM436258</accessionNumber>
(coxI); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE8FFDC83FDE220FEAEE337" box="[197,265,792,818]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE8FFDC822AE220FE15E337" box="[274,434,792,818]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Porifera 1104</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFE8FFDC82F3E220FAC8E350" collectingDate="2018-12-09" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="26" latitude="58.829" location="Bergylteskar" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0831" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="Porifera 110" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFE8FFDC82F3E220FD86E336" box="[459,545,792,819]" count="1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFE8FFDC8116E220FD60E337" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFE8FFDD815DE0C4FB34E7B3:9F736026FFE8FFDC8116E220FD60E337" box="[558,711,792,818]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.829" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0831" name="Bergylteskar" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bergylteskär</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE8FFDC81EBE220FCF9E336" box="[723,862,792,819]" degrees="58.8290" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="5" value="58.829">58.8290° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFE8FFDC8053E220FC55E336" box="[875,1010,792,819]" degrees="11.0831" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" precision="5" value="11.0831">11.0831° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFE8FFDC80C7E220FB2FE337" box="[1023,1160,792,819]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="26.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE8FFDC80C7E220FB9CE336" box="[1023,1083,792,819]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="26.0">26 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFE8FFDC87ACE220FA80E337" box="[1172,1319,792,819]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2018-12-09">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFE8FFDC87ACE220FA80E337" box="[1172,1319,792,819]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" value="2018-12-09">9 Dec. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFE8FFDC860CE221FE85E353" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-181209-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFE8FFDC8113E203FD36E350" box="[555,657,827,853]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-181209-8253, 8255, 8257; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFE8FFDC87B4E203FB77E350" box="[1164,1232,827,853]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFE8FFDC87EFE203FACCE350" box="[1239,1387,827,853]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Porifera 110</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CED36675FFE8FFDC8385E65CFD4DE7C1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168713/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" startId="44.[189,232,1892,1918]" targetBox="[183,1403,923,1838]" targetPageId="44">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE8FFDC8385E65CFD4DE7C1" blockId="44.[188,1398,1892,1989]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC8385E65CFEBCE77B" bold="true" box="[189,283,1892,1918]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC821DE65CFD3DE77B" authority="(Topsent, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[293,666,1892,1918]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC821DE65CFE69E77B" box="[293,462,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Phorbas dives</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE8FFDC82DAE65CFD36E77B" author="Topsent" box="[482,657,1892,1918]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent, 1891</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC819FE65CFD1DE77B" bold="true" box="[679,698,1892,1918]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC80E1E65CFB90E77B" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[985,1079,1892,1918]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="44" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1104 (LAR-180828-7014, 7016).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC8237E6BFFE84E7A4" bold="true" box="[271,291,1927,1953]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B</emphasis>
. Spicule slide showing the size range of the acanthostyles.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC80EEE6BFFC4CE7A4" bold="true" box="[982,1003,1927,1953]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C</emphasis>
. Spicule slide showing, 2 sizes of isochelae; one tornote and one sigma (red line).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE9FFDD83FDE028FC99E32C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE028FEF1E12F" blockId="45.[197,342,272,298]" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD83FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE006FB6CE19A" blockId="45.[195,1391,318,416]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
All the specimens examined presented a thick encrusting or cushion morphology. The surface is smooth with wide, clearly observable, subsurface channels terminating in the oscula (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE9FFDD8775E05AFB1CE179" box="[1101,1211,354,380]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,923,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-199@44.[183,1404,923,1839]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 22. Phorbas dives (Topsent, 1891). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1104 (LAR-180828-7014, 7016). B. Spicule slide showing the size range of the acanthostyles. C. Spicule slide showing, 2 sizes of isochelae; one tornote and one sigma (red line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168713/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 22A</figureCitation>
). The colour of the specimens alive was light-beige turning to whitish-beige when preserved in ethanol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE0FEFE96E1E5" blockId="45.[197,305,454,480]" box="[197,305,454,480]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD83FDE0FEFE96E1E5" bold="true" box="[197,305,454,480]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE0CDFC99E32C" blockId="45.[196,1392,501,809]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
The skeleton presents a plumose conformation with multispicular tracts of acanthostyles and tornotes disposed perpendicularly to the surface while sigmas and arcuated isochelae are mostly found near the surface. The acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE9FFDD8132E303FD31E250" box="[522,662,571,597]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,923,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-199@44.[183,1404,923,1839]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 22. Phorbas dives (Topsent, 1891). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1104 (LAR-180828-7014, 7016). B. Spicule slide showing the size range of the acanthostyles. C. Spicule slide showing, 2 sizes of isochelae; one tornote and one sigma (red line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168713/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 22BC</figureCitation>
) are divided in two categories with overlapping sizes but with different spinations: a) slightly curved and sparsely spined throughout the shaft to the tip, measuring 167.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD822DE3BAFEC1E299" bold="true" box="[277,358,642,668]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">200.1</emphasis>
327.2 ±37.80 ×2.9
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8175E3BAFDD5E299" bold="true" box="[589,626,642,668]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">7.0</emphasis>
12.1 ± 2.4 µm (N= 25), and b) heavily spined, measuring 160.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD822DE39DFEC1E2BA" bold="true" box="[277,358,677,703]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">194.6</emphasis>
318.8 ±30.70 ×2.7
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8175E39DFD27E2BA" bold="true" box="[589,640,677,703]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">5.9</emphasis>
9.6± 1.60 µm (N=31). The tornotes measure 108.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8626E39DFAC7E2BA" bold="true" box="[1310,1376,677,703]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">164.3</emphasis>
187.5± 12.55 ×1.8
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8293E3F0FE77E2E7" bold="true" box="[427,464,712,738]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">3.7</emphasis>
5.2 ± 0.68 µm (N =34). The arcuate isochelae (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE9FFDD8721E3F0FB20E2E7" box="[1049,1159,712,738]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,923,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-199@44.[183,1404,923,1839]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 22. Phorbas dives (Topsent, 1891). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1104 (LAR-180828-7014, 7016). B. Spicule slide showing the size range of the acanthostyles. C. Spicule slide showing, 2 sizes of isochelae; one tornote and one sigma (red line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168713/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 22C</figureCitation>
) occur in two size classes: a) 11.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD82BBE3D3FE62E300" bold="true" box="[387,453,747,773]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">16.3</emphasis>
21.2 ± 2.4 µm (N =36), and b) 26.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD805FE3D3FC0EE300" bold="true" box="[871,937,747,773]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">32.9</emphasis>
1± 3.7 µm (N=17). Finally, the sigmas (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE9FFDD83F4E236FE91E32C" box="[204,310,782,809]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="44.[189,232,1892,1918]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,923,1838]" captionTargetId="figure-199@44.[183,1404,923,1839]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="Fig. 22. Phorbas dives (Topsent, 1891). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1104 (LAR-180828-7014, 7016). B. Spicule slide showing the size range of the acanthostyles. C. Spicule slide showing, 2 sizes of isochelae; one tornote and one sigma (red line)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168713/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 22C</figureCitation>
) measure 12.1
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD82C9E236FD94E32D" bold="true" box="[497,563,782,808]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">26.9</emphasis>
39.9 ± 8.1 µm (N =25).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE9FFDD83FDE268FDDFE4D5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE268FE5DE36F" blockId="45.[197,506,848,874]" box="[197,506,848,874]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD83FDE268FE5DE36F" bold="true" box="[197,506,848,874]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE246FAC1E44D" blockId="45.[197,1392,894,1097]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
The
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFE9FFDD83C2E247FE8BE39C" box="[250,300,895,921]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
locality for this species is Roscoff in
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE9FFDD81D1E246FCEEE39D" box="[745,841,894,920]" country="France" name="Bretagne" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Brittany</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD806EE247FC02E39C" box="[854,933,895,921]" name="France" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD808FE247FBF1E39C" author="Topsent" box="[951,1110,895,921]" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="523 - 554" refId="ref31123" refString="Topsent E. 1891. Essai sur la faune des spongiaires de Roscoff. Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 9 (4): 523-554." type="journal article" year="1891">Topsent 1891</bibRefCitation>
). However,
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD87D0E247FAE6E39D" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1256,1345,894,920]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD87D0E247FAE6E39D" box="[1256,1345,894,920]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been previously reported from
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD810FE29AFDDAE3B9" box="[567,637,930,956]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Wales</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD81A8E29AFD18E3B9" box="[656,703,930,956]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">UK</collectingCountry>
),
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD81EEE29AFC8FE3B9" box="[726,808,930,956]" name="Ireland" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Ireland</collectingCountry>
to northern
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD8086E29AFBA7E3B9" box="[958,1024,930,956]" name="Spain" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Spain</collectingCountry>
(Descatoire 1969), the
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE9FFDD8623E29AFEB0E3DA" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
and the Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD82E3E2FDFDFCE3DA" author="Simo" box="[475,603,965,991]" firstAuthor="Simo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref30859" refString="Simo T. C. 2002. Esponjas marinas de Canarias. Consejeria de Politica Territorial y Medio Ambiente del Gobierno de Canarias (S / C Tenerife.): 260." type="journal volume" year="2002">Simó 2002</bibRefCitation>
), as well as from the Mediterranean, in
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD8710E2FDFBFAE3DA" box="[1064,1117,965,991]" name="Italy" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD8756E2FDFAC0E3DA" author="Sara &amp; Siribelli" box="[1134,1383,965,991]" firstAuthor="Sara" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 93" refId="ref30638" refString="Sara M. &amp; Siribelli L. 1960. La fauna di Poriferi delle ' secche' del Golfo di Napoli. 1. La ' secca' della Gaiola. Annuario dell'Istituto e Museo de Zoologia dell'Universita di Napoli. 12 (3): 1-93." type="journal article" year="1960">Sarà &amp; Siribelli 1960</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD83CEE2D0FEEBE407" box="[246,332,1000,1026]" name="Tunisia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD8265E2D0FDF2E407" author="Mustapha" box="[349,597,1000,1026]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Mustapha" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="55 - 78" refId="ref29753" refString="Mustapha K. B., Zarrouk S., Souissi A. &amp; Abed A. E. 2003. Diversite des demosponges tunisiennes. Bulletin de l'Institut national des Sciences et Technologies de Salammbo 30: 55-78." type="journal article" year="2003">
Mustapha
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD82E0E2D1FDB5E407" box="[472,530,1000,1026]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
). In spite of this large geographical range, this species had not been previously reported for
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD82EDE533FD96E420" box="[469,561,1035,1061]" name="Sweden" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sweden</collectingCountry>
or
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD816EE534FD11E423" box="[598,694,1036,1062]" name="Norway" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Norway</collectingCountry>
. Our specimens were collected by SCUBA in Idefjorden and the Koster area, between 15 and
<quantity id="5D549B18FFE9FFDD8178E516FDDBE44C" box="[576,636,1070,1097]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="25.0">25 m</quantity>
depth, thereby extending the geographical range of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE548FDDFE4D5" blockId="45.[197,1391,1136,1233]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD83FDE548FEC9E48F" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[197,366,1136,1162]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD83FDE548FEC9E48F" box="[197,366,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Phorbas dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to prefer a hard substrate and vertical or overhanging sites, possibly to avoid sediment deposition (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD82FCE5ABFD07E4A8" author="Ackers R. G. &amp; Moss D. &amp; Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C." bookContentInfo="1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." box="[452,672,1171,1197]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref27051" refString="Ackers R. G., Moss D., Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2007. Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;). 1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." title="Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;)" type="book" year="2007">
Ackers
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8118E5ACFDFAE4A8" box="[544,605,1171,1197]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). This combined with its encrusting morphology makes this species difficult to detect and collect.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFE9FFDD83FDE5C0FB34E7B3" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE5C0FE90E517" blockId="45.[197,311,1272,1298]" box="[197,311,1272,1298]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD83FDE5C0FE90E517" bold="true" box="[197,311,1272,1298]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE41FFCB9E65F" blockId="45.[195,1392,1318,1626]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Two other species are similar to
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD815BE41FFD65E545" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[611,706,1318,1344]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD815BE41FFD65E545" box="[611,706,1318,1344]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD81EFE41EFB2DE545" authority="(Waller, 1878)" baseAuthorityName="Waller" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[727,1162,1318,1344]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bihamigera">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD81EFE41EFC69E545" box="[727,974,1318,1344]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Phorbas bihamigera</emphasis>
(Waller, 1878)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE9FFDD87E5E41EFA97E545" box="[1245,1328,1318,1344]" country="United Kingdom" name="Torbay" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Torbay</collectingRegion>
near
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE9FFDD83FDE471FE9DE566" box="[197,314,1353,1379]" country="United Kingdom" name="Plymouth" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Plymouth</collectingRegion>
, southern
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD828AE471FDB0E566" box="[434,535,1353,1379]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">England</collectingCountry>
, and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD816DE471FBBCE566" authority="(Cabioch 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Cabioch" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[597,1051,1353,1379]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microchelifer">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD816DE471FCFAE566" box="[597,861,1353,1379]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Phorbas microchelifer</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD8054E471FBB4E566" author="Cabioch L." box="[876,1043,1353,1379]" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX)" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="211 - 246" refId="ref27751" refString="Cabioch L. 1968. Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff. Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX): 211-246." title="Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff" type="book chapter" year="1968">Cabioch 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFE9FFDD875CE471FB62E566" box="[1124,1221,1353,1379]" country="France" name="Bretagne" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Brittany</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD87E9E472FA82E561" box="[1233,1317,1354,1380]" name="France" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">France</collectingCountry>
. None of these species have been reported in
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD81B9E455FD79E582" box="[641,734,1389,1415]" name="Sweden" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sweden</collectingCountry>
or
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFE9FFDD803AE455FCC5E582" box="[770,866,1389,1415]" name="Norway" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Norway</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD8053E455FBFBE582" baseAuthorityName="Waller" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[875,1116,1389,1415]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bihamigera">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8053E455FBFBE582" box="[875,1116,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Phorbas bihamigera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD87CBE456FAECE582" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1267,1355,1389,1415]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD87CBE456FAECE582" box="[1267,1355,1389,1415]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a higher abundance of chelae and more prominent aquiferous channels while
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD878DE4A9FAD7E5AF" baseAuthorityName="Cabioch" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1205,1392,1424,1450]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microchelifer">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD878DE4A9FAD7E5AF" box="[1205,1392,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. microchelifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has smaller chelae (20 µm vs 36 µm in
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD818EE48CFCB4E5C8" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[694,787,1459,1485]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD818EE48CFCB4E5C8" box="[694,787,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD8008E48BFC79E5C8" author="Cabioch L." box="[816,990,1459,1485]" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX)" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="211 - 246" refId="ref27751" refString="Cabioch L. 1968. Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff. Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX): 211-246." title="Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff" type="book chapter" year="1968">Cabioch 1968</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD80CEE48BFB16E5C8" author="Cabioch L." box="[1014,1201,1459,1485]" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX)" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="211 - 246" refId="ref27751" refString="Cabioch L. 1968. Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff. Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX): 211-246." title="Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff" type="book chapter" year="1968">Cabioch (1968)</bibRefCitation>
has seen many specimens from the type locality of which only the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFE9FFDD8001E4EEFC07E5F5" box="[825,928,1494,1520]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(MNHN-IP-2015-649) was deposited.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD83FDE4C1FE27E616" author="Cabioch L." box="[197,384,1529,1555]" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX)" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="211 - 246" refId="ref27751" refString="Cabioch L. 1968. Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff. Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX): 211-246." title="Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff" type="book chapter" year="1968">Cabioch (1968)</bibRefCitation>
compared
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD8132E4C2FD6FE616" baseAuthorityName="Cabioch" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[522,712,1529,1555]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microchelifer">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8132E4C2FD6FE616" box="[522,712,1529,1555]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. microchelifer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD8085E4C2FBBEE616" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[957,1049,1529,1555]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8085E4C2FBBEE616" box="[957,1049,1529,1555]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Roscoff, identified by Topsent himself (according to
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD810BE725FD7BE632" author="Cabioch L." box="[563,732,1565,1591]" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX)" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="211 - 246" refId="ref27751" refString="Cabioch L. 1968. Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff. Cahiers de Biologie Marine Tome (IX): 211-246." title="Contribution a la connaissance de la fauna des spongiaires de la Manche occidentale. Demosponges de la region de Roscoff" type="book chapter" year="1968">Cabioch 1968</bibRefCitation>
), thus we can reasonably consider this species as valid even if awaiting confirmation from molecular data.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFE9FFDD83FDE7B9FB34E7B3" blockId="45.[196,1392,1665,1974]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
Our coxI phylogeny (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE9FFDD82FBE7B9FDADE69E" box="[451,522,1665,1691]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[297,1276,275,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[191,1403,262,1782]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood tree based on coxI gene (Folmer fragment) by IQTREE under the model TIM2+F+I+G4. The node support in bootstrap (bt) is shown in grayscale: light gray - 80 &lt;bt &lt;90%; bark gray - 90% ≤ bt &lt;95%; black - bt ≥ 95%. The tips show the taxon and accession number (sequences retrieved from GenBank) or specimens sequenced in this study (in bold). All sequences in red are associated to type specimens. Sequences retrieved from GenBank are coded: (T) type taxon; * specimens that are not collected in the North East Atlantic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168669/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) places our specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD807BE7BAFC3BE69E" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[835,924,1665,1691]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD807BE7BAFC3BE69E" box="[835,924,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within a
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD8737E7B9FB4FE69E" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1039,1256,1665,1691]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" genus="Myxilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8737E7B9FB4FE69E" box="[1039,1256,1665,1691]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Myxilla incrustans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade. This contradicts current classifications, as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD81BAE79CFD43E6BB" authorityName="Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[642,740,1700,1726]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD81BAE79CFD43E6BB" box="[642,740,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Phorbas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD804EE79CFB93E6BB" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[886,1076,1700,1726]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Hymedesmiidae</taxonomicName>
, while
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD87A8E79CFB4FE6BB" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1862" box="[1168,1256,1700,1726]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" genus="Myxilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD87A8E79CFB4FE6BB" box="[1168,1256,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Myxilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD83FDE7F0FEE0E6E7" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" box="[197,327,1736,1762]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Myxillidae</taxonomicName>
. We are confident in our identifications since the spiculation of our specimens matches better
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD83FCE7D4FEBAE700" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[196,285,1771,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD83FCE7D4FEBAE700" box="[196,285,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and differs from
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD82CAE7D4FD35E700" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[498,658,1772,1797]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" genus="Myxilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD82CAE7D4FD35E700" box="[498,658,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. incrustans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its tornotes: our specimens tornotes are completely smooth (as reported for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD82B0E637FE44E72D" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[392,483,1806,1832]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD82B0E637FE44E72D" box="[392,483,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), while
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD8171E637FD4CE72D" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[585,747,1807,1832]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" genus="Myxilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="incrustans">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD8171E637FD4CE72D" box="[585,747,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. incrustans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has typical spines at the terminations of the tornotes. Additionally, the family
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD82DCE609FD38E74E" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[484,671,1841,1867]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Hymedesmiidae</taxonomicName>
is often regarded as a taxonomic waste basket, and shown to be polyphyletic (e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD8287E66DFD38E76A" author="Morrow" box="[447,671,1876,1903]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Morrow" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="428 - 446" refId="ref29600" refString="Morrow C. C., Redmond N. E., Picton B. E., Thacker R. W., Collins A. G., Maggs C. A., Sigwart J. D. &amp; Allcock A. L. 2013. Molecular phylogenies support homoplasy of multiple morphological characters used in the taxonomy of Heteroscleromorpha (Porifera: Demospongiae). Integrative and Comparative Biology 53 (3): 428-446. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/ict065" type="journal article" year="2013">
Morrow
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD811DE66DFDF8E76B" box="[549,607,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFE9FFDD8196E66CFC02E76A" author="Redmond" box="[686,933,1876,1903]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Redmond" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" refId="ref30426" refString="Redmond N. E., Morrow C. C., Thacker R. W., Diaz M. C., Boury-Esnault N., Cardenas P., Hajdu E., Lobo-Hajdu G., Picton B. E., Pomponi S. A., Kayal E. &amp; Collins A. G. 2013. Phylogeny and Systematics of Demospongiae in Light of New Small-Subunit Ribosomal DNA (18 S) Sequences. Integrative and Comparative Biology. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/ict078" type="book" year="2013">
Redmond
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD801EE66DFCC7E76B" box="[806,864,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
: this study) thus the presence of species from other clades, still classified as hymedesmids is unsurprising. A full revision of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD87BBE640FA99E797" authorityName="Topsent" authorityYear="1928" box="[1155,1342,1912,1938]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Hymedesmiidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD83FCE6A3FEE5E7B0" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1922" box="[196,322,1947,1973]" class="Demospongiae" family="Myxillidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Myxillidae</taxonomicName>
with molecular data is required to revise the precise allocation of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE9FFDD870DE6A4FB2BE7B0" baseAuthorityName="Topsent" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[1077,1164,1947,1973]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="dives">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE9FFDD870DE6A4FB2BE7B0" box="[1077,1164,1947,1973]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. dives</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
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<mods:title id="BC5C9CD89688C37FF0CB6E4AA3B3FAD2">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="009F43C92C2C798233EB23B2C6856814">Pereira, Raquel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5364490D65147C3973EEEA45CBCCC03">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BCAED01A14088316F0F69B3D9FEB298F" type="email">raquel.pereira@ebc.uu.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CB1E96D21C1FC75ACDB7017B5B18DFBA">Larsson, Mats</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BA6E5AE959E2DA2F7182AFD189C66953">Krokstrands Bigårdar, Brämmenvägen 10, SE- 452 93 Strömstad, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="912E437DB29124AC26F650E49E7E816B" type="email">mats@krokstrandsbigardar.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AD148B89FA3A7A5C7E43CD6DAC31CF5A">Cárdenas, Paco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6044A7DE2CA062EC11A93AD4FC200E38">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A34F3A918D9B053334EC16A104B4F50E" type="email">paco.cardenas@em.uu.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6D22F747757FEC1643C466FCBC3FAB96">Thollesson, Mikael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="119A72F8953045595D362C27B16AE19E">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="3A25CE17AA2D35048B38C520753139D9">2025</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE8101E04DFC5DE18A" blockId="46.[569,1018,373,434]" box="[569,1018,373,400]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="C15B8191FFEAFFDE8101E04DFC5DE18A" box="[569,1018,373,400]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEAFFDE8101E04DFC5DE18A" ID-CoL="44RVP" authority="(Bowerbank, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[569,1018,373,400]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8101E04DFCA8E195" bold="true" box="[569,783,373,400]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mycale macilenta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEAFFDE8026E04DFC55E18A" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[798,1010,373,399]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEAFFDE81C8E0A0FCE4E1B7" box="[752,835,408,434]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE81C8E0A0FCE4E1B7" blockId="46.[569,1018,373,434]" box="[752,835,408,434]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEAFFDE81C8E0A0FCE4E1B7" box="[752,835,408,434]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,509,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-137@47.[180,1408,506,1884]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 23. Mycale macilenta (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1082 (LAR-191029- PA290222, 0224). B. Spicule slide showing the subtylostyles. C. Three class sizes of chelae. D. Large sigma. E. Toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168717/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEAFFDE83FDE0E2FC55E25C" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE0E2FCA2E1F1" blockId="46.[197,773,474,500]" box="[197,773,474,500]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEAFFDE83FDE0E2FCA6E1F1" authority="Bowerbank, 1866: 176" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityPageNumber="176" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,769,474,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE0E2FE4CE1F1" box="[197,491,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hymeniacidon macilenta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEAFFDE82CAE0E2FCA6E1F1" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[498,769,474,500]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank, 1866: 176</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE323FC7EE230" blockId="46.[197,1010,539,601]" box="[197,985,539,566]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEAFFDE83FDE323FE4CE230" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1866" box="[197,491,539,565]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Hymeniacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE323FE4CE230" box="[197,491,539,565]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Hymeniacidon macilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEAFFDE8130E323FD76E230" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[520,721,539,565]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref27490" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1874. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. III" type="book" year="1874">Bowerbank 1874</bibRefCitation>
, pl. XXXIII fig. 713.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE306FC55E25C" blockId="46.[197,1010,539,601]" box="[197,1010,574,601]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEAFFDE83FDE306FE31E25D" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,406,574,600]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE306FE31E25D" box="[197,406,574,600]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mycale macilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEAFFDE828AE306FDC0E25C" author="Arndt W." box="[434,615,574,601]" journalOrPublisher="Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" pagination="1 - 140" part="III A" refId="ref27297" refString="Arndt W. 1935. Porifera. Die Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee III A: 1-140." title="Porifera" type="book chapter" year="1935">Arndt 1935: 48</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 82.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEAFFDE81DAE306FC49E25C" author="Ackers R. G. &amp; Moss D. &amp; Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C." bookContentInfo="1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." box="[738,1006,574,601]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" refId="ref27051" refString="Ackers R. G., Moss D., Picton B. E. &amp; Morrow C. C. 2007. Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;). 1992 edition, re-edited with modifications, 2007. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye." title="Sponges of the British Isles (&quot; SPONGE V &quot;)" type="book" year="2007">Ackers 2007: 112113</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEAFFDE83FDE3B8FD81E30A" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE3B8FE15E29F" blockId="46.[197,434,640,666]" box="[197,434,640,666]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="C15B8191FFEAFFDE83FDE3B8FE15E29F" bold="true" box="[197,434,640,666]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE3B8FE15E29F" bold="true" box="[197,434,640,666]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE397FD81E30A" blockId="46.[197,1391,686,783]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFEAFFDE83FDE397FD85E30A" accessionNumber="PA290222, OM415625" collectingDate="2019-10-28" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="28" latitude="59.0832" location="Saltbacken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2242" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" specimenCode="Porifera 1082" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEAFFDE83FDE397FE98E2CC" box="[197,319,687,713]" name="Sweden" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFEAFFDE826FE397FE0CE2CC" box="[343,427,687,713]" count="1" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
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;
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,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFEAFFDE81E3E397FCC6E2CC" box="[731,865,687,713]" degrees="11.2242" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" precision="5" value="11.2242">11.2242° E</geoCoordinate>
;
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<quantity id="5D549B18FFEAFFDE8055E397FC05E2CC" box="[877,930,687,713]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" unit="m" value="28.0">28m</quantity>
depth
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;
<date id="EE12103DFFEAFFDE80C0E397FB34E2CC" box="[1016,1171,687,713]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="2019-10-28">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFEAFFDE80C0E397FB34E2CC" box="[1016,1171,687,713]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" value="2019-10-28">28 Oct. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
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leg. [MM-191029-2];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFEAFFDE82A2E3EAFDA7E2E9" box="[410,512,722,748]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191029-PA290222, 0224; GenBank no.:
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(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFEAFFDE820BE3CDFED0E30A" box="[307,375,757,783]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFEAFFDE8246E3CDFD85E30A" box="[382,546,757,783]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Porifera 1082</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEAFFDE83FDE20EFE6CE590" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="description">
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE20EFEF1E355" bold="true" box="[197,342,822,848]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE25DFE84E42A" blockId="46.[195,1392,869,1071]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
The specimen was
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in diameter but we only collected a
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fragment. Its morphology is thin, encrusting with a single osculum at the centre in a small erect tube. The surface presented several pores regularly scattered and the aquiferous canals were partially visible. The specimen alive presented a translucent pale pinkish colour. However, given that the substrate was partially visible under the sponge, its true colour is difficult to ascertain (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEAFFDE81CEE2C9FCC0E409" box="[758,871,1009,1036]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,509,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-137@47.[180,1408,506,1884]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 23. Mycale macilenta (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1082 (LAR-191029- PA290222, 0224). B. Spicule slide showing the subtylostyles. C. Three class sizes of chelae. D. Large sigma. E. Toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168717/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23A</figureCitation>
). The specimen is white when preserved in ethanol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE56EFE96E475" blockId="46.[197,305,1110,1136]" box="[197,305,1110,1136]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="C15B8191FFEAFFDE83FDE56EFE96E475" bold="true" box="[197,305,1110,1136]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE56EFE96E475" bold="true" box="[197,305,1110,1136]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Skeleton</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE5BDFE6CE590" blockId="46.[193,1391,1157,1430]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
Unfortunately, the fragment was too small to section, thus we have not observed the skeleton conformation. The megascleres are straight subtylostyles/tylostyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEAFFDE80D1E590FBF6E4C7" box="[1001,1105,1192,1218]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,509,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-137@47.[180,1408,506,1884]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 23. Mycale macilenta (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1082 (LAR-191029- PA290222, 0224). B. Spicule slide showing the subtylostyles. C. Three class sizes of chelae. D. Large sigma. E. Toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168717/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23B</figureCitation>
) measuring 193.6
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE860CE590FAC7E4C7" bold="true" box="[1332,1376,1192,1218]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">272</emphasis>
308.7± 23.28 ×2.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8293E5F3FE77E4E0" bold="true" box="[427,464,1227,1253]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">3.5</emphasis>
5.7 ± 0.98 µm (N= 33). The microscleres are palmate anisochelae (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEAFFDE87C3E5F3FAC1E4E0" box="[1275,1382,1227,1253]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,509,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-137@47.[180,1408,506,1884]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 23. Mycale macilenta (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1082 (LAR-191029- PA290222, 0224). B. Spicule slide showing the subtylostyles. C. Three class sizes of chelae. D. Large sigma. E. Toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168717/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23C</figureCitation>
) with three size classes: a) 8.9
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE810BE5D6FDC1E50D" bold="true" box="[563,614,1262,1288]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">12.2</emphasis>
16.8± 1.31 µm (N =107), b) 17.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8737E5D6FBE5E50D" bold="true" box="[1039,1090,1262,1288]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">22.4</emphasis>
24.4 ± 1.78 µm (N=25), and c) 27.1
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE825BE429FE31E52E" bold="true" box="[355,406,1297,1323]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">32.9</emphasis>
40.6 ± 3.39 (N=22). Sigmas (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEAFFDE8031E429FCDDE529" box="[777,890,1297,1324]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,509,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-137@47.[180,1408,506,1884]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 23. Mycale macilenta (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1082 (LAR-191029- PA290222, 0224). B. Spicule slide showing the subtylostyles. C. Three class sizes of chelae. D. Large sigma. E. Toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168717/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23D</figureCitation>
) came in two size classes: a) 18
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8615E429FAC7E52E" bold="true" box="[1325,1376,1297,1323]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">23.7</emphasis>
33.4 ±4.18 × 0.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE82B6E40DFE66E54A" bold="true" box="[398,449,1333,1359]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">0.8</emphasis>
1.4 ±0.33 µm (N=14), and b) 67.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE804DE40DFC0FE54A" bold="true" box="[885,936,1333,1359]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">84.5</emphasis>
110.0 ± 11.36× 3.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE87A4E40DFB66E54A" bold="true" box="[1180,1217,1333,1359]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">4.6</emphasis>
6.7 ±1.02 µm (N=25). Finally, there are smooth toxas (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEAFFDE81FAE460FC94E577" box="[706,819,1368,1394]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[189,232,1923,1949]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,509,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-137@47.[180,1408,506,1884]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 23. Mycale macilenta (Bowerbank, 1866). A. Live specimen, GNM Porifera 1082 (LAR-191029- PA290222, 0224). B. Spicule slide showing the subtylostyles. C. Three class sizes of chelae. D. Large sigma. E. Toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168717/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Fig. 23E</figureCitation>
) in a single size class, measuring 56.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8615E460FAC7E577" bold="true" box="[1325,1376,1368,1394]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">75.5</emphasis>
103.4± 13.13 (N= 11).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEAFFC083FDE485FD80E1FB" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE485FE90E5D2" blockId="46.[197,311,1469,1495]" box="[197,311,1469,1495]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
<heading id="C15B8191FFEAFFDE83FDE485FE90E5D2" bold="true" box="[197,311,1469,1495]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE485FE90E5D2" bold="true" box="[197,311,1469,1495]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFDE83FDE4D3FE1AE747" blockId="46.[196,1391,1515,1858]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
This is a common temperate species found in the northeast Atlantic (NEA) and the Mediterranean Sea, the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFEAFFDE8214E737FEC7E62C" box="[300,352,1551,1577]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
locality being the
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEAFFDE817AE736FD12E62D" box="[578,693,1550,1576]" name="Guernsey" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Guernsey</collectingCountry>
Islands in the English Channel. This is the first published report from
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEAFFDE8266E709FE67E64E" box="[350,448,1585,1611]" name="Sweden" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, but an unpublished specimen from
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEAFFDE80B5E709FC4BE64E" box="[909,1004,1585,1611]" name="Sweden" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Sweden</collectingCountry>
has previously been identified by Ole Tendal, it was found in the collections at Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden. Recording
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEAFFDE83FDE741FEC0E697" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[197,359,1656,1682]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE83FDE741FEC0E697" box="[197,359,1656,1682]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">M. macilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Swedish waters means it can withstand colder waters than those of the English Channel. On the Swedish west coast, the average sea surface temperature (SST) varies between 2°C and 8°C in winter and spring, reaching 23°C in the summer, but with an overall average of 10°C (SMHI data). In contrast, the English Channel in the winter and spring has a SST present temperature between 9°C and 11°C reaching up to 22°C, and with an overall average of 13°C (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEAFFDE83F5E610FE16E747" author="Morris D. &amp; Andres O. &amp; Ayers R. &amp; Brown A. &amp; Elisa C. &amp; Keith C. &amp; Stephen D. &amp; Liam F. &amp; Flatman S. &amp; Greenwood N. &amp; Haverson D. &amp; Tom H. &amp; Kieran H. &amp; Simon J. &amp; Ross J. &amp; Julian M. &amp; Meadows B. &amp; Pearce D. &amp; John P. &amp; Sophie P. &amp; David R. &amp; Natasha T. &amp; Williams O. &amp; Wright S." box="[205,433,1832,1858]" journalOrPublisher="Cefas" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" part="V 1" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.14466/cefasdatahub.5" refId="ref27790" refString="Morris D., Andres O., Ayers R., Brown A., Elisa C., Keith C., Stephen D., Liam F., Flatman S., Greenwood N., Haverson D., Tom H., Kieran H., Simon J., Ross J., Julian M., Meadows B., Pearce D., John P., Sophie P., David R., Natasha T., Williams O. &amp; Wright S. 2016. Seawater temperature records for the UK Shelf - 01 - Cefas Coastal Temperature Network. Cefas V 1. https://doi.org/10.14466/cefasdatahub.5" title="Seawater temperature records for the UK Shelf - 01 - Cefas Coastal Temperature Network" type="journal volume" year="2016">
Morris
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8211E611FEC1E747" box="[297,358,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">et al.</emphasis>
2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEAFFC083FDE651FD80E1FB" blockId="46.[197,1391,1897,1994]" lastBlockId="48.[196,1391,272,510]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
There are reports of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEAFFDE8284E651FD35E786" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[444,658,1897,1923]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEAFFDE8284E651FD35E786" box="[444,658,1897,1923]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Mycale macilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the NEA and Mediterranean Sea, from the
<collectingRegion id="5868F81FFFEAFFDE8784E651FAC8E786" box="[1212,1391,1897,1923]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
up to the Celtic Sea. However, the spicules in this species seem to vary, especially when it comes to the chelae and sigma size classes (e.g., Pestana 2018; van Soest 2014). Nonetheless, when comparing our specimen with the description based on the re-examination of the type (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEBFFDF874BE029FA97E12E" author="van Soest" box="[1139,1328,273,299]" firstAuthor="van Soest" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="575 - 593" refId="ref31317" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. 2002. Family Hymedesmiidae Topsent, 1928. In: Hooper J. N. A &amp; Van Soest R. W. M. (eds) Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges: 575-593." type="book chapter" year="2002">van Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
), we note that our specimen presents the same three size classes of chelae (sizes reported for the type: 1115 µm, 1724 µm, and 3359 µm). Furthermore, we observe that the smallest size of chelae is far more common than the other two size classes. This was also a general pattern noted both in the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEBFFDF82CBE0A5FD63E1B2" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[499,708,413,439]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866</bibRefCitation>
) and later re-examination of the type (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFEBFFDF879AE0A6FAF9E1B2" author="van Soest" box="[1186,1374,413,440]" firstAuthor="van Soest" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="575 - 593" refId="ref31317" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. 2002. Family Hymedesmiidae Topsent, 1928. In: Hooper J. N. A &amp; Van Soest R. W. M. (eds) Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges: 575-593." type="book chapter" year="2002">van Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Regarding sigmas, our specimen presents the same two size classes as the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFF4FFC08703E028FB03E12F" box="[1083,1188,272,298]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(65115 µm and 2128 µm) (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08261E00CFDA9E14B" author="van Soest" box="[345,526,308,334]" firstAuthor="van Soest" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="575 - 593" refId="ref31317" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. 2002. Family Hymedesmiidae Topsent, 1928. In: Hooper J. N. A &amp; Van Soest R. W. M. (eds) Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges: 575-593." type="book chapter" year="2002">van Soest 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Our specimen presents a variable size of toxas but we do not find toxas longer than 103 µm while those in the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFF4FFC081A9E06FFD5DE174" box="[657,762,343,369]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
are 60250 µm long. Finally, our specimen does not seem to present the same colour alive than what was reported in the original description (bright red) (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC083F7E0A5FE38E1B2" author="Bowerbank J. S." bookContentInfo="Ray Society, London" box="[207,415,413,439]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref27467" refString="Bowerbank J. S. 1866. A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II. Ray Society, London." title="A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. II" type="book" year="1866">Bowerbank 1866</bibRefCitation>
). Despite slight differences between our specimen and the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFF4FFC08748E0A5FB7EE1B2" box="[1136,1241,413,439]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
description, namely pale colouration and slightly smaller toxas, we consider our specimen to be conspecific with the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFF4FFC083C9E0DCFEFDE1FB" box="[241,346,484,510]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC082BAE0DCFD87E1FB" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[386,544,484,510]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="macilenta">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC082BAE0DCFD87E1FB" box="[386,544,484,510]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">M. macilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
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<mods:title id="E1A617AB7985B2B88866079BF9C07495">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B7C1867B9415829F8EDA95B502FE0F9">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="490CDC34B426B2B623863D1FD99641C9">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFECFFD88194E2EFFC2FE3F7" box="[684,904,983,1010]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD88194E2EFFC2FE3F7" blockId="40.[684,904,983,1045]" box="[684,904,983,1010]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="C15B8191FFECFFD88194E2EFFC2FE3F7" box="[684,904,983,1010]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD88194E2EFFC2FE3F7" box="[684,904,983,1010]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88194E2EFFCEFE3F7" bold="true" box="[684,840,983,1010]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFECFFD881CCE2C3FCE0E410" box="[756,839,1019,1045]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD881CCE2C3FCE0E410" blockId="40.[684,904,983,1045]" box="[756,839,1019,1045]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFECFFD881CCE2C3FCE0E410" box="[756,839,1019,1045]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,1460,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-388@40.[183,1403,1460,1915]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 19. Hymedesmia sp. 2. GNM Porifera 1045 (LAR-180923-7380, 73837384). A. Live specimen. B. Tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168707/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFECFFD883FDE504FE12E4C9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE504FE15E453" blockId="40.[197,434,1084,1110]" box="[197,434,1084,1110]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD883FDE504FE15E453" bold="true" box="[197,434,1084,1110]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE553FE12E4C9" blockId="40.[196,1391,1131,1228]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFECFFD883FDE553FE15E4C9" collectingDate="2018-09-23" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="27" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="28" longitude="11.169" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCode="Porifera 1045" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFECFFD883FDE553FE99E480" box="[197,318,1131,1157]" name="Sweden" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFECFFD8826CE553FE0FE483" box="[340,424,1131,1158]" count="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFECFFD8828BE553FDE5E480" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFECFFD98194E2EFFD11E2E7:9F736026FFECFFD8828BE553FDE5E480" box="[435,578,1131,1157]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0546" longLatPrecision="28" longitude="11.169" name="Lunneviken" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lunneviken</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFECFFD88174E553FD7CE483" box="[588,731,1131,1158]" degrees="59.0546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="5" value="59.0546">59.0546 ° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFECFFD881DDE553FCC5E483" box="[741,866,1131,1158]" degrees="11.169" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="55" value="11.169">11.169 ° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFECFFD88055E553FC56E480" box="[877,1009,1131,1158]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="27.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFECFFD88055E553FC00E483" box="[877,935,1131,1158]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFECFFD880C4E553FB30E480" box="[1020,1175,1131,1157]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2018-09-23">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFECFFD880C4E553FB30E480" box="[1020,1175,1131,1157]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2018-09-23">23 Sep. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFECFFD88799E554FA99E483" box="[1185,1342,1132,1158]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180923-1];
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; LAR-180923-7380, 73837384; GenBank no.:
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(coxI); voucher:
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<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFECFFD88237E589FE15E4C9" box="[271,434,1201,1228]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD88237E589FECAE4CE" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[271,365,1201,1227]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1045
</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFECFFD983FDE5CBFDC7E1E0" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE5CBFEF1E508" blockId="40.[197,342,1267,1293]" box="[197,342,1267,1293]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD883FDE5CBFEF1E508" bold="true" box="[197,342,1267,1293]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD883FDE419FB72E587" blockId="40.[197,1391,1313,1410]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
The specimen, of which a
<quantity id="5D549B18FFECFFD882C3E419FDFAE539" box="[507,605,1313,1340]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">34 mm</quantity>
fragment was collected, is encrusting an algae stalk. The colour of the live specimen was yellow but turned greyish white in ethanol. The surface is smooth, and we did not observe any pores or oscula, neither in situ nor in the preserved fragment (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFECFFD88763E450FB6FE587" box="[1115,1224,1384,1410]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,1460,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-388@40.[183,1403,1460,1915]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 19. Hymedesmia sp. 2. GNM Porifera 1045 (LAR-180923-7380, 73837384). A. Live specimen. B. Tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168707/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 19A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="CED36675FFECFFD88385E693FEEAE7EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168707" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168707/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" startId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[183,1403,1460,1915]" targetPageId="40">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFECFFD88385E693FEEAE7EC" blockId="40.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88385E693FEBCE7C0" bold="true" box="[189,283,1963,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD8821CE693FDA7E7C0" box="[292,512,1963,1990]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-2">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD8821CE693FE1BE7C0" box="[292,444,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
. GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFECFFD88162E693FD1FE7C0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[602,696,1963,1989]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="40" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1045 (LAR-180923-7380, 73837384).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD887A6E693FB15E7C0" bold="true" box="[1182,1202,1963,1989]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFECFFD88386E6F6FF77E7ED" bold="true" box="[190,208,1998,2024]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">B</emphasis>
. Tornotes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE028FE96E12F" blockId="41.[197,305,272,298]" box="[197,305,272,298]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FDE028FE96E12F" bold="true" box="[197,305,272,298]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE007FDC7E1E0" blockId="41.[193,1391,318,485]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
Due to the size and consistency of the fragment, we could not do a section. The skeleton is composed of tornotes strongyloides (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD9813FE05AFDD2E179" box="[519,629,354,380]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="40.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[183,1403,1460,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-388@40.[183,1403,1460,1915]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Fig. 19. Hymedesmia sp. 2. GNM Porifera 1045 (LAR-180923-7380, 73837384). A. Live specimen. B. Tornotes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168707/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 19B</figureCitation>
) measuring 139.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98059E05AFC04E179" bold="true" box="[865,931,354,380]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">201.8</emphasis>
239.1 ± 27.42 ×1.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD987A0E05AFB1AE179" bold="true" box="[1176,1213,354,380]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.9</emphasis>
2.9 ± 0.54 µm (N =10), which sometimes present irregular tyles along the shaft as wide as 6 µm. In this case, the width was not measured at maximum width (in the irregular tyles) because that measure would not be representative of the spicule shape.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEDFFD983FDE335FD11E2E7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE335FE90E222" blockId="41.[197,311,525,551]" box="[197,311,525,551]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FDE335FE90E222" bold="true" box="[197,311,525,551]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE303FD11E2E7" blockId="41.[194,1391,571,739]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
The size of the tornotes and the coxI sequences are similar to those for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD980DEE303FB48E250" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1910" box="[998,1263,571,597]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="primitiva">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD980DEE303FB48E250" box="[998,1263,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedesmia primitiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the specimen lacks acanthostyles and the surface does not present any pore sieves, perhaps due the small size of the specimen. Therefore, we have not assigned the specimens to any species. Conversely, the allocation of this specimen to the genus
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD981DAE39DFCDDE2BA" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1864" box="[738,890,677,703]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD981DAE39DFCDDE2BA" box="[738,890,677,703]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is exclusively due to the presence of the tornotes and the coxI sequence placement.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
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<mods:title id="4FA2A93E77DE1B56A81A69A3BCA683C5">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="6DA4A8386BB47B2A921C261425E5E664">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:url id="749AB1156CD3164149ADBDDA62B30184">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2835/12931</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="61B32648D2BA64C801059F2E628AF8F4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E14FB1A426AF62A672A2F0BFEFA8BF83" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2025.983.2835</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8F0C6DEDAF9A746F71ED8BEAABE633A7" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C192F8E68DC097D054F42C9D08D03E02" type="Zenodo-Dep">15168665</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A1D83668820306F5461CA6C0223884EC" type="ZooBank">CB8545D0-094C-4EBE-AD65-0420FD27B7D5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="120587EBFFEDFFDA8194E21FFAC8E26D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFEDFFDA8194E21FFAC8E26D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFEDFFDA8194E21FFAC8E26D" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEDFFD98194E21FFC2FE347" box="[684,904,807,834]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD98194E21FFC2FE347" blockId="41.[684,904,807,869]" box="[684,904,807,834]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="C15B8191FFEDFFD98194E21FFC2FE347" box="[684,904,807,834]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD98194E21FFC2FE347" box="[684,904,807,834]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98194E21FFCEFE347" bold="true" box="[684,840,807,834]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 3
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEDFFD981C8E273FCE4E360" box="[752,835,843,869]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD981C8E273FCE4E360" blockId="41.[684,904,807,869]" box="[752,835,843,869]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD981C8E273FCE4E360" box="[752,835,843,869]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEDFFD983FDE2B4FE0DE419" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE2B4FE15E3A3" blockId="41.[197,434,908,934]" box="[197,434,908,934]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FDE2B4FE15E3A3" bold="true" box="[197,434,908,934]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE283FE0DE419" blockId="41.[197,1391,955,1052]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFEDFFD983FDE283FE00E419" collectingDate="2018-09-16" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="28" longitude="11.169" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" specimenCode="Porifera 998" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEDFFD983FDE283FE98E3D0" box="[197,319,955,981]" name="Sweden" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFEDFFD98264E283FE14E3D3" box="[348,435,955,982]" count="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFEDFFD982FAE283FDF5E3D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFEDFFDA8194E21FFAC8E26D:9F736026FFEDFFD982FAE283FDF5E3D0" box="[450,594,955,981]" country="Sweden" latitude="59.0546" longLatPrecision="28" longitude="11.169" name="Lunneviken" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lunneviken</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFEDFFD98158E283FD4BE3D3" box="[608,748,955,982]" degrees="59.0546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="5" value="59.0546">59.0546° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFEDFFD981C2E283FCD3E3D3" box="[762,884,955,982]" degrees="11.169" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" precision="55" value="11.169">11.169° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFEDFFD980BBE283FBA8E3D0" box="[899,1039,955,982]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFEDFFD980BBE283FC66E3D3" box="[899,961,955,982]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFEDFFD98725E283FB18E3D0" box="[1053,1215,955,981]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2018-09-16">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFEDFFD98725E283FB18E3D0" box="[1053,1215,955,981]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" value="2018-09-16">16 Sep. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFEDFFD987F6E284FAC8E3D3" box="[1230,1391,956,982]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180916-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFEDFFD982F2E2E6FD97E3FD" box="[458,560,990,1016]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-180918-71977198; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFEDFFD9871AE2E6FB0EE3FD" box="[1058,1193,990,1016]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">OM436233</accessionNumber>
(coxI); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFEDFFD983FDE53AFEAEE419" box="[197,265,1026,1052]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFEDFFD98229E539FE00E419" box="[273,423,1025,1052]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD98229E539FEC8E41E" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[273,367,1025,1051]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="41" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
998
</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEDFFD983FDE57BFE77E5F7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE57BFEF1E458" blockId="41.[197,342,1091,1117]" box="[197,342,1091,1117]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FDE57BFEF1E458" bold="true" box="[197,342,1091,1117]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE549FDE7E51D" blockId="41.[195,1391,1137,1305]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
The specimen has a thin encrusting morphology. The colour alive was saffron yellow and slightly translucent, i.e., the substrate colour and structure can be seen through (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD980C2E5ACFBC1E4AA" box="[1018,1126,1172,1199]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 20A</figureCitation>
). The colour in ethanol is dark brown. The surface does not have obvious oscula and the canals of the aquiferous system are partially visible and slightly raised from the surface (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD9804CE5E3FC45E4F0" box="[884,994,1243,1269]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
). The pores are visible, scattered regularly and not in pore-sieves.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE407FE96E55C" blockId="41.[197,305,1343,1369]" box="[197,305,1343,1369]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FDE407FE96E55C" bold="true" box="[197,305,1343,1369]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE457FE77E5F7" blockId="41.[197,1391,1390,1523]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
Due to the size and consistency of the fragment, we could not do a section. The skeleton is composed of one single size class of acanthostyles (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD98186E4A9FC8CE5AE" box="[702,811,1425,1451]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 20C</figureCitation>
) measuring 66.1
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD9873CE4A9FBE1E5AE" bold="true" box="[1028,1094,1425,1451]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">122.9</emphasis>
171.8 ±27.44 ×2.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98604E4A9FAC6E5AE" bold="true" box="[1340,1377,1425,1451]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">7.0</emphasis>
12.4 ±2.59 µm (N=31), and anisotylotes (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD98189E48CFCB8E5CA" box="[689,799,1460,1487]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 20D</figureCitation>
), measuring 126.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD9873CE48CFBF2E5CB" bold="true" box="[1028,1109,1460,1486]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">196.8</emphasis>
251.4 ±29.74 ×0.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98604E48CFAC9E5CB" bold="true" box="[1340,1390,1460,1486]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">1.4</emphasis>
3.0± 0.54 µm (N=39).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEDFFDA83FDE721FAC8E26D" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFD983FDE721FE90E636" blockId="41.[197,311,1561,1587]" box="[197,311,1561,1587]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FDE721FE90E636" bold="true" box="[197,311,1561,1587]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEDFFDA83FDE770FAC8E26D" blockId="41.[195,1392,1608,1986]" lastBlockId="42.[195,1392,272,616]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
The placement of this specimen within the genus
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD98032E770FC38E667" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1864" box="[778,927,1608,1634]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98032E770FC38E667" box="[778,927,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was primarily based on the presence of tylotes (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD98218E753FE24E680" box="[288,387,1643,1669]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig.20C</figureCitation>
) and the coxI sequence. This specimen appears as sister species to specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD983FCE7B7FEF7E6AD" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1910" box="[196,336,1679,1704]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="primitiva">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD983FCE7B7FEF7E6AD" box="[196,336,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">H. primitiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEDFFD98258E7B6FE01E6AD" box="[352,422,1678,1704]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[297,1276,275,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[191,1403,262,1782]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood tree based on coxI gene (Folmer fragment) by IQTREE under the model TIM2+F+I+G4. The node support in bootstrap (bt) is shown in grayscale: light gray - 80 &lt;bt &lt;90%; bark gray - 90% ≤ bt &lt;95%; black - bt ≥ 95%. The tips show the taxon and accession number (sequences retrieved from GenBank) or specimens sequenced in this study (in bold). All sequences in red are associated to type specimens. Sequences retrieved from GenBank are coded: (T) type taxon; * specimens that are not collected in the North East Atlantic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168669/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). There are 31 accepted species of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD9800CE7B6FBE1E6AD" authorityName="Fristedt" authorityYear="1885" box="[820,1094,1678,1704]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Stylopus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD9800CE7B6FC6EE6AD" box="[820,969,1678,1704]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD980E2E7B6FB9CE6AD" box="[986,1083,1678,1704]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Stylopus</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
, a subgenus characterised by the lack of chelae. However, there are only 15 species for the NEA and Mediterranean, none of which is described to only have small acanthostyles or the very small anisotylotes, as observed in this specimen. Among the species reported for the South Atlantic, Pacific or Indian oceans, only two seem to resemble what we observe in our specimen:
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD98151E623FB07E730" authority="(Burton &amp; Rao, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[617,1184,1819,1845]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" genus="Hymedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parvispicula">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98151E623FC2BE730" box="[617,908,1819,1845]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedemia parvispicula</emphasis>
(Burton &amp; Rao, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
from the Mergui Archipelago (Andaman Sea, Indian Ocean), and b)
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD98013E606FB58E75D" authority="van Soest, 2017" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="2017" box="[811,1279,1854,1881]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcoladoi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98013E606FB91E75D" box="[811,1078,1854,1880]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Hymedesmia alcoladoi</emphasis>
van Soest, 2017
</taxonomicName>
from the
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEDFFD983FDE659FEB8E77E" box="[197,287,1889,1915]" name="Guyana" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Guyana</collectingCountry>
Shelf. Our specimen seems to resemble
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD981CFE65AFC0DE77E" baseAuthorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[759,938,1889,1915]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" genus="Hymedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parvispicula">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD981CFE65AFC0DE77E" box="[759,938,1889,1915]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">H. parvispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
more closely, with the smooth surface, without visible pores or oscula, and the presence of small acanthostyles and anisotylotes. However, the
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFEDFFD983FDE690FE8DE7C7" box="[197,298,1960,1986]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEDFFD98277E691FDA6E7C7" baseAuthorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[335,513,1960,1986]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" genus="Hymedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parvispicula">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEDFFD98277E691FDA6E7C7" box="[335,513,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">H. parvispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is yellow in spirit contrasting with the dark brown colour of our specimen. Furthermore, the spicules of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8123E029FD77E12F" baseAuthorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[539,720,272,298]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" genus="Hymedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parvispicula">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8123E029FD77E12F" box="[539,720,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H. parvispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are considerably smaller (acanthostyles: 130105×4 µm and anisotylotes 21×3 µm) (Burton &amp; Rao 1932) than what we measure in our specimen. As for the species
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8226E060FE0BE174" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="2017" box="[286,428,343,369]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcoladoi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8226E060FE0BE174" box="[286,428,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H. alcoladoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the skeleton is composed of acanthostyles and ectosomal spicules with sizes similar to what we observe in our specimen, 21362 ×176.5 µm and, 151222×24 µm, respectively (van Soest 2017). However, the ectosomal spicules for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA81C4E0A6FC2DE1B2" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="2017" box="[764,906,413,439]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcoladoi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA81C4E0A6FC2DE1B2" box="[764,906,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H. alcoladoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are tornotes with mucronate ends whereas our specimen presents tylotes. Additionally,
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8184E0F9FCEDE1DF" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="2017" box="[700,842,448,474]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcoladoi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8184E0F9FCEDE1DF" box="[700,842,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H. alcoladoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents two size classes of acanthostyles while we could only observe one in our specimen. Therefore, we are hesitant to assign this specimen to either
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA83FDE330FEF4E224" authorityName="van Soest" authorityYear="2017" box="[197,339,519,545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="alcoladoi">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA83FDE330FEF4E224" box="[197,339,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H. alcoladoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA824EE330FD80E224" baseAuthorityName="Burton &amp; Rao" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[374,551,519,545]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crambeidae" genus="Hymedemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="parvispicula">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA824EE330FD80E224" box="[374,551,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">H. parvispicula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, two species furthermore described from geographically remote areas and in habitats different from the shallow west coast waters of
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEEFFDA8065E312FC1BE241" box="[861,956,554,580]" name="Sweden" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sweden</collectingCountry>
. However, we refrain from describing this specimen as a new species and prefer to wait for additional specimens and/or
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8761E375FB49E262" authorityName="Bowerbank" authorityYear="1864" box="[1113,1262,589,615]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8761E375FB49E262" box="[1113,1262,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
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<mods:title id="DE1E3D087D08E89EAB56C8F121361747">Swedish marine demosponge fauna (Porifera: Demospongiae) sampled 80 years after Jägerskiölds inventory</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C1F34D14485C8A11CD6B73DAC472B013">Pereira, Raquel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E8D18340012E7A0B8EB91E424EA1EB16">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="0DB9374F3197D99FBEE831209821AAF6">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="120587EBFFEEFFDC8194E394FB75E190" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFEEFFDC8194E394FB75E190" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFEEFFDC8194E394FB75E190" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEEFFDA8194E394FC2FE2C2" box="[684,904,684,712]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEEFFDA8194E394FC2FE2C2" blockId="42.[684,904,684,746]" box="[684,904,684,712]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<heading id="C15B8191FFEEFFDA8194E394FC2FE2C2" box="[684,904,684,712]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8194E394FC2FE2C2" box="[684,904,684,712]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-4">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8194E394FCEFE2C2" bold="true" box="[684,840,684,711]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 4
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEEFFDA81C8E3E8FCE4E2EF" box="[752,835,720,746]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEEFFDA81C8E3E8FCE4E2EF" blockId="42.[684,904,684,746]" box="[752,835,720,746]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEEFFDA81C8E3E8FCE4E2EF" box="[752,835,720,746]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-222@43.[186,1401,1009,1923]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 21. Hymedesmia sp. 4. GNM Porifera 1049 (LAR-191116-PB160433, 35). A. Live specimen. B. Small acanthostyle. C. Anisostrongyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168711/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEEFFDA83FDE229FD36E3A4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEEFFDA83FDE229FE15E32E" blockId="42.[197,434,785,811]" box="[197,434,785,811]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA83FDE229FE15E32E" bold="true" box="[197,434,785,811]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEEFFDA83FDE278FD36E3A4" blockId="42.[197,1391,832,929]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFEEFFDA83FDE278FD2AE3A4" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="27" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCode="Porifera 1049" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFEEFFDA83FDE278FE98E35F" box="[197,319,832,858]" name="Sweden" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFEEFFDA8263E278FE15E35E" box="[347,434,832,859]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFEEFFDA8287E279FD0CE35F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFEEFFDC8194E394FB75E190:9F736026FFEEFFDA8287E279FD0CE35F" box="[447,683,832,859]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.8754" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" name="Yttre Vattenholmen" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Yttre Vattenholmen</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFEEFFDA8180E278FCE3E35E" box="[696,836,832,859]" degrees="58.8754" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" precision="5" value="58.8754">58.8754° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFEEFFDA806AE278FC7DE35E" box="[850,986,832,859]" degrees="11.1056" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" precision="5" value="11.1056">11.1056° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFEEFFDA80D0E278FBD4E35F" box="[1000,1139,832,859]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="27.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFEEFFDA80D0E278FB82E35E" box="[1000,1061,832,859]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFEEFFDA87B9E278FA81E35F" box="[1153,1318,832,859]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2019-11-16">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFEEFFDA87B9E278FA81E35F" box="[1153,1318,832,859]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2019-11-16">16 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFEEFFDA860CE279FE85E37B" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191116-2];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFEEFFDA8115E25CFD34E37B" box="[557,659,868,894]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191116-PB160433, 35; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFEEFFDA8791E25BFA97E37B" box="[1193,1328,867,894]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">OM415632</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFEEFFDA82A5E2BFFE46E3A4" box="[413,481,903,929]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFEEFFDA82D1E2BEFD2AE3A4" box="[489,653,902,929]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Porifera 1049</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CED36675FFEEFFDA8385E693FD6CE7ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" targetPageId="42">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEEFFDA8385E693FD6CE7ED" blockId="42.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8385E693FEB0E7C0" bold="true" box="[189,279,1963,1989]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8224E693FE48E7C0" box="[284,495,1963,1990]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undefined-3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8224E693FE13E7C0" box="[284,436,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp. 3
</taxonomicName>
. GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFEEFFDA8179E693FD38E7C0" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[577,671,1963,1989]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="42" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
998 (LAR-180918-71977198).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8723E693FB97E7C0" bold="true" box="[1051,1072,1963,1989]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA87C9E693FAA2E7C0" bold="true" box="[1265,1285,1963,1989]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
. Detailed of the surface.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA8253E6F6FE27E7ED" bold="true" box="[363,384,1998,2024]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
. Tornotes.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEEFFDA813CE6F6FDBEE7ED" bold="true" box="[516,537,1998,2024]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
. Acanthostyle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEFFFDB83FDE028FE16E32C" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEFFFDB83FDE028FEF1E12F" blockId="43.[197,342,272,298]" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB83FDE028FEF1E12F" bold="true" box="[197,342,272,298]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEFFFDB83FDE006FEE5E1E0" blockId="43.[197,1391,318,485]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
The specimen, of which a
<quantity id="5D549B18FFEFFFDB82C3E006FD98E15C" box="[507,575,318,345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
fragment was collected, presents an encrusting morphology, growing on rock covered with coralline algae. The colour alive of the specimen is orangish-yellow presenting white dots that are possibly embryos (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEFFFDB81BCE0BDFD56E19A" box="[644,753,389,415]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-222@43.[186,1401,1009,1923]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 21. Hymedesmia sp. 4. GNM Porifera 1049 (LAR-191116-PB160433, 35). A. Live specimen. B. Small acanthostyle. C. Anisostrongyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168711/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 21A</figureCitation>
). Its colour in ethanol is beige. The specimen does not present evident osculum, pore-sieves nor pores. The consistency is very fragile after being preserved in ethanol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEFFFDB83FDE334FE96E223" blockId="43.[197,305,524,550]" box="[197,305,524,550]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB83FDE334FE96E223" bold="true" box="[197,305,524,550]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEFFFDB83FDE303FE16E32C" blockId="43.[193,1393,571,809]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Skeleton composed of two size classes of acanthostyles: a) large acanthostyles with a small base, spines covering 1/3 of the length, some spines seem poorly formed by being extremely thin in the shaft, measuring 212.5
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB82DBE3BAFD89E299" bold="true" box="[483,558,642,668]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">239. 1</emphasis>
270.4 ± 23.37 × 4.1
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB8011E3BAFCE9E299" bold="true" box="[809,846,642,668]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">6.7</emphasis>
10.1 ± 2.7 µm (N = 5), b) small acanthostyles are fully spined (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEFFFDB829EE39DFDBEE2BA" box="[422,537,677,703]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-222@43.[186,1401,1009,1923]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 21. Hymedesmia sp. 4. GNM Porifera 1049 (LAR-191116-PB160433, 35). A. Live specimen. B. Small acanthostyle. C. Anisostrongyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168711/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 21B</figureCitation>
) and have a well-developed tyle at base, measuring: 104.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB8626E39DFAC8E2BA" bold="true" box="[1310,1391,677,703]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">116.3</emphasis>
138.2 ± 9.32 × 3.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB829AE3F0FE60E2E7" bold="true" box="[418,455,712,738]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">5.3</emphasis>
7.8 ± 1.60 µm (N = 11) (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEFFFDB81CDE3F0FCC2E2E7" box="[757,869,712,738]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="42.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[180,1400,1011,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-241@42.[180,1401,1011,1924]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Fig. 20. Hymedesmia sp. 3. GNM Porifera 998 (LAR-180918-71977198).A. Live specimen.B. Detailed of the surface. C. Tornotes. D. Acanthostyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168709/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
). Additionally, the skeleton also presents a single class size of anisostrongyles measuring 124.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB806FE3D3FC3DE300" bold="true" box="[855,922,747,773]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">220.9</emphasis>
287.5 ± 26.32 × 0.8
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB87AEE3D3FB1CE300" bold="true" box="[1174,1211,747,773]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">1.8</emphasis>
4.6 ± 0.66 µm (N =46) (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFEFFFDB820AE236FE04E32C" box="[306,419,782,809]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="43.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1009,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-222@43.[186,1401,1009,1923]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="Fig. 21. Hymedesmia sp. 4. GNM Porifera 1049 (LAR-191116-PB160433, 35). A. Live specimen. B. Small acanthostyle. C. Anisostrongyle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168711/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 21C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFEFFFDC83FDE268FB75E190" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEFFFDB83FDE268FE90E36F" blockId="43.[197,311,848,874]" box="[197,311,848,874]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFEFFFDB83FDE268FE90E36F" bold="true" box="[197,311,848,874]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFEFFFDC83FDE246FB75E190" blockId="43.[197,1391,894,956]" lastBlockId="44.[195,1391,272,405]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
The specimen examined presents a peculiar external morphology by lacking apparent structure on its surface. However, given the presence of several white dots, it is possible that the specimen is riddled with embryos and has lost its usual external morphology. The specimen does not present any nucleotide difference in the 28S D3-D5 sequences, when compared with other specimens identified as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC83FDE060FEF0E174" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1916" box="[197,343,343,369]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hibernica">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC83FDE060FEF0E174" box="[197,343,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H. hibernica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFE8FFDC825DE06FFE0BE174" box="[357,428,343,369]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[189,232,1822,1848]" captionTargetBox="[297,1276,275,1687]" captionTargetId="figure-13@11.[191,1403,262,1782]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 2. Maximum Likelihood tree based on coxI gene (Folmer fragment) by IQTREE under the model TIM2+F+I+G4. The node support in bootstrap (bt) is shown in grayscale: light gray - 80 &lt;bt &lt;90%; bark gray - 90% ≤ bt &lt;95%; black - bt ≥ 95%. The tips show the taxon and accession number (sequences retrieved from GenBank) or specimens sequenced in this study (in bold). All sequences in red are associated to type specimens. Sequences retrieved from GenBank are coded: (T) type taxon; * specimens that are not collected in the North East Atlantic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168669" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168669/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). However, the lack of pore-sieves and the presence of small acanthostyles, thinner than what is reported for
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC82D4E043FD27E191" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1916" box="[492,640,378,404]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hibernica">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC82D4E043FD27E191" box="[492,640,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">H. hibernica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
leads us to keep this specimen as
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFE8FFDC8729E042FB75E190" box="[1041,1234,378,405]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hymedesmia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFE8FFDC8729E042FB0EE191" box="[1041,1193,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Hymedesmia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,669 @@
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<mods:affiliation id="6D39B2E333634887C3727F95BD069396">Dept. Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Villavägen 9, SE- 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. &amp; Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE- 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC48178E0C4FC54E212" blockId="52.[576,1011,508,571]" box="[576,1011,508,535]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<heading id="C15B8191FFF0FFC48178E0C4FC54E212" box="[576,1011,508,535]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF0FFC48178E0C4FC54E212" ID-CoL="3JBXK" authority="(Pallas, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[576,1011,508,535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF0FFC48178E0C4FCEEE212" bold="true" box="[576,841,508,535]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Halichondria panicea</emphasis>
(Pallas, 1776)
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<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC481C8E318FCE4E23E" blockId="52.[576,1011,508,571]" box="[752,835,544,571]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFF0FFC481C8E318FCE4E23E" box="[752,835,544,571]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[191,234,1769,1795]" captionTargetBox="[185,1405,405,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-36@53.[185,1405,405,1730]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 25. Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1776). A. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology, GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246). B. Live specimens with branching morphology, GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911-7191, 7194). C. Live specimens with thick encrusting morphology (LAR- 190624-9497). D. Tangential section showing ectosomal structure, GNM Porifera 1005 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). E. Cross section of specimen GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). F. Oxeas in specimen GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168722/files/figure.png" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF0FFC483FDE35AFBFFE2E5" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC483FDE35AFDC4E279" blockId="52.[197,611,609,636]" box="[197,611,609,636]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFF0FFC483FDE35AFDC4E279" box="[197,611,609,636]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF0FFC483FDE35AFDF8E279" author="Pallas P. S." box="[197,607,609,636]" page="388" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1766">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF0FFC483FDE35AFDF8E279" authority="Pallas, 1766: 388" authorityName="Pallas" authorityPageNumber="388" authorityYear="1766" box="[197,607,609,636]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongiidae" genus="Spongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dictyoceratida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF0FFC483FDE35AFE2EE27E" box="[197,393,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Spongia panicea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF0FFC482A8E35AFDF8E279" author="Pallas" box="[400,607,609,636]" firstAuthor="Pallas" page="388" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref30072" refString="Pallas P. S. 1766. Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succintas descriptiones, cum selectis auctorum synonymis. Apud Petrum van Cleef, Hagae- Comitum." type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766: 388</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC483FDE39BFD3DE2B8" blockId="52.[197,1112,675,737]" box="[197,666,675,702]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFF0FFC483FDE39BFD3DE2B8" box="[197,666,675,702]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF0FFC483FDE39BFE0AE2B8" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[197,429,675,701]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tedaniidae" genus="Amorphina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF0FFC483FDE39BFE0AE2B8" box="[197,429,675,701]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Amorphina panicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF0FFC482F2E39BFD31E2B8" author="Fristedt K." box="[458,662,675,702]" page="26" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF0FFC482F2E39BFD31E2B8" author="Fristedt" box="[458,662,675,702]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="26" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 26</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC483FDE3FEFBFFE2E5" blockId="52.[197,1112,675,737]" box="[197,1112,710,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFF0FFC483FDE3FEFBFFE2E5" box="[197,1112,710,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF0FFC483FDE3FEFE60E2E5" ID-CoL="3JBXK" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[197,455,710,736]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF0FFC483FDE3FEFE60E2E5" box="[197,455,710,736]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Halichondria panicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF0FFC482DCE3FEFCB4E2E4" author="Levinsen G. M. R." box="[484,787,710,737]" page="415" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF0FFC482DCE3FEFCB4E2E4" author="Levinsen" box="[484,787,710,737]" firstAuthor="Levinsen" page="415 - 416" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="317 - 427" refId="ref29259" refString="Levinsen G. M. R. 1893. Annulata, Hydroidae, Anthozoa Porifera. In: Petersen C. G. J. (ed.) Det videnskabelige udbytte af Kanonbaaden Hauchs togter i de Danske have indenfor Skagen i aarene 1883 - 86: 317-427. Andr. Fred. Host &amp; Sons Forlag., Copenhagen." type="book chapter" year="1893">Levinsen, 1893: 415416</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF0FFC48079E3FEFBB6E2E5" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[833,1041,710,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 28</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 6.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF0FFC583FDE23FFBA4E14B" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC483FDE23FFDCCE327" blockId="52.[197,619,775,802]" box="[197,619,775,802]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF0FFC483FDE23FFE15E324" bold="true" box="[197,434,775,801]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC482FAE230FDC4E327" box="[450,611,776,802]" count="21" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">21 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF0FFC583FDE20EFBA4E14B" blockId="52.[196,1391,822,1975]" lastBlockId="53.[197,1390,272,334]" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC483FDE20EFE77E392" collectingDate="2018-10-11" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="59.1102" location="Svartejan" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3219" municipality="Svartejan" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1003" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFF0FFC483FDE20EFEE6E355" box="[197,321,822,848]" name="Sweden" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48260E20EFE0CE354" box="[344,427,822,849]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC4828FE20EFD8BE355" box="[439,556,822,848]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Svartejan</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4810FE20EFD65E354" box="[567,706,822,849]" degrees="59.1102" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="59.1102">59.1102° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC481F5E20EFCF2E354" box="[717,853,822,849]" degrees="11.3219" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.3219">11.3219° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC48059E20EFC3BE354" box="[865,924,822,849]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF0FFC48059E20EFC3BE354" box="[865,924,822,849]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC480CCE20EFB37E355" box="[1012,1168,822,848]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-10-11">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC480CCE20EFB37E355" box="[1012,1168,822,848]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-10-11">11 Oct. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC487A3E20FFA9AE354" box="[1179,1341,823,849]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180911-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC482A6E262FDA2E371" box="[414,517,858,884]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-180911-7191, 7194; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC4872BE261FB3AE376" box="[1043,1181,857,883]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436248" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM436248</accessionNumber>
(coxI); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC483FDE245FEADE392" box="[197,266,893,919]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC4822CE245FE1BE392" box="[276,444,893,919]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1003</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC482E3E245FCC5E3DB" collectingDate="2018-10-25" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="59.1102" location="Svartejan" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3219" municipality="Svartejan" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1009" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC482E3E245FD95E392" box="[475,562,893,919]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC4872EE244FB1CE392" box="[1046,1211,892,919]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-10-25">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC4872EE244FB1CE392" box="[1046,1211,892,919]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-10-25">25 Oct. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC487F2E245FAC8E392" box="[1226,1391,893,919]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-180925-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC482E9E298FD9FE3BF" box="[465,568,928,954]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-180925-7457, 7460, 7463; GenBank nos:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC487B5E298FAB0E3BF" box="[1165,1303,928,954]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436249" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM436249</accessionNumber>
(coxI),
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC483FDE2FBFEE9E3DB" box="[197,334,963,990]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415607" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM415607</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC48150E2FBFD0AE3D8" box="[616,685,963,989]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC4818AE2FBFCF4E3D8" box="[690,851,963,989]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1009</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4805FE2FBFBF3E421" collectingDate="2018-12-04" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="59.1102" location="Svartejan" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3219" municipality="Svartejan" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1010" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC4805FE2FBFC1EE3DB" box="[871,953,963,990]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC483FDE2DEFEFFE405" box="[197,344,998,1025]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-12-04">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC483FDE2DEFEFFE405" box="[197,344,998,1025]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-12-04">4 Dec. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC4825CE2DFFDA2E404" box="[356,517,999,1025]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-181204-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC4802CE2DEFCDCE405" box="[788,891,998,1024]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-181204-81868188; GenBank nos:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC483FCE531FEEAE426" box="[196,333,1033,1059]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436281" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM436281</accessionNumber>
(coxI),
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC48294E531FD92E421" box="[428,565,1033,1060]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415649" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM415649</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC4806DE532FC3DE421" box="[853,922,1034,1060]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48099E531FBE3E421" box="[929,1092,1033,1060]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1010</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC48763E532FD00E46F" collectingDate="2018-12-04" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" country="Sweden" elevation="30" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="59.1102" location="Svartejan" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3219" municipality="Svartejan" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1011" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48763E532FB09E421" box="[1115,1198,1034,1060]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-181204-81898191; GenBank nos:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC48084E515FBE2E442" box="[956,1093,1069,1095]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436228" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM436228</accessionNumber>
(coxI),
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC4879DE514FA88E442" box="[1189,1327,1068,1095]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415594" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM415594</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC4829CE568FE4EE46F" box="[420,489,1104,1130]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC482C9E568FD33E46F" box="[497,660,1104,1130]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1011</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC48188E568FCB2E48B" collectingDate="2012-04-01" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.255" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.4446" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1007" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48188E568FCAFE46F" box="[688,776,1104,1130]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC4802DE568FC3EE46F" box="[789,921,1104,1130]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gullmaren</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4809EE568FB93E46F" box="[934,1076,1104,1131]" degrees="58.2550" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.255">58.2550° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48779E568FB6CE46F" box="[1089,1227,1104,1130]" degrees="11.4446" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.4446">11.4446° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC487E0E568FACDE46F" box="[1240,1386,1104,1130]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2012-04-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC487E0E568FACDE46F" box="[1240,1386,1104,1130]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2012-04-01">1 Apr. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC483FDE54BFEBDE488" box="[197,282,1139,1165]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P016-230414-7;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC482C3E54BFDE7E488" box="[507,576,1139,1165]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48175E54BFD5EE488" box="[589,761,1139,1165]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1007</specimenCode>
; •
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4801AE54BFD07E4B4" collectingDate="2012-04-01" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.255" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.4446" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1016" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC4801AE54BFCD9E48B" box="[802,894,1139,1166]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P088-120403-1;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC482A9E5AEFE71E4B5" box="[401,470,1174,1200]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC482E7E5AEFD2FE4B5" box="[479,648,1174,1200]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1016</specimenCode>
; •
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC48191E5AEFD3BE4D1" collectingDate="2018-04-28" collectionCode="GNM" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.2667" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="3.5812" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1018" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48191E5AEFCA6E4B4" box="[681,769,1174,1201]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC48028E5AEFC33E4B5" box="[784,916,1174,1200]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gullmaren</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48099E5AEFB88E4B4" box="[929,1071,1174,1201]" degrees="58.2667" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.2667">58.2667° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48705E5AEFB1DE4B4" box="[1085,1210,1174,1201]" degrees="3.5812" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="3.5812">3.5812° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC487F1E5AEFACDE4B5" box="[1225,1386,1174,1200]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-04-28">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC487F1E5AEFACDE4B5" box="[1225,1386,1174,1200]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-04-28">28 Apr. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; P088-180425-2;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC482B7E582FE73E4D1" box="[399,468,1210,1236]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC482E5E581FD23E4D1" box="[477,644,1209,1236]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1018</specimenCode>
; •
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4819CE582FCB2E4F2" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.2667" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="3.58125" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1018" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC4819CE582FD5CE4D1" box="[676,763,1210,1236]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC48030E581FC2BE4D6" box="[776,908,1209,1235]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gullmaren</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC480A1E581FB82E4D1" box="[921,1061,1209,1236]" degrees="58.2667" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.2667">58.2667° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4870AE581FB1AE4D1" box="[1074,1213,1209,1236]" degrees="3.58125" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="3.58125">3.58125° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC487F2E582FACDE4D1" box="[1226,1386,1210,1236]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-04-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC487F2E582FACDE4D1" box="[1226,1386,1210,1236]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-04-24">24 Apr. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC483FDE5E5FEBDE4F2" box="[197,282,1245,1271]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P088-180425-2;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC482C3E5E5FDE7E4F2" box="[507,576,1245,1271]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48175E5E5FD5EE4F2" box="[589,761,1245,1271]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1018</specimenCode>
; •
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4801AE5E5FD3FE51F" collectingDate="2018-04-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.2667" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="5" longitude="3.58125" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1019" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC4801AE5E5FCD9E4F2" box="[802,894,1245,1271]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P088-180425-3;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC482A9E438FE71E51F" box="[401,470,1280,1306]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC482E7E438FD22E51F" box="[479,645,1280,1306]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1019</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC48199E438FC45E53B" collectingDate="2018-09-18" collectionCode="GNM" elevation="30" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="59.0546" location="Lunneviken" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.169" municipality="Lunneviken" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1004" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48199E438FD5EE51F" box="[673,761,1280,1306]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC4803FE438FC3DE51F" box="[775,922,1280,1306]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Lunneviken</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48090E438FB91E51F" box="[936,1078,1280,1307]" degrees="59.0546" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="59.0546">59.0546° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4877CE438FB69E51F" box="[1092,1230,1280,1306]" degrees="11.1690" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.169">11.1690° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC487E5E438FABCE51F" box="[1245,1307,1280,1306]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF0FFC487E5E438FABCE51F" box="[1245,1307,1280,1306]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC483FDE41BFED5E538" box="[197,370,1315,1341]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-09-18">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC483FDE41BFED5E538" box="[197,370,1315,1341]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-09-18">18 Sep. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; LAR-180918-72457246;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC481F4E41BFCB6E538" box="[716,785,1315,1341]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48027E41BFC6DE538" box="[799,970,1315,1341]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1004</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC480C8E41BFB61E581" collectingDate="2018-12-09" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.821" location="Bergylteskar" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0831" municipality="Bergylteskar" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1012" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC480C8E41BFBECE53B" box="[1008,1099,1315,1342]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC48766E41BFB5CE538" box="[1118,1275,1315,1341]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Bergylteskär</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48636E41BFF4FE565" degrees="58.8210" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.821">58.8210 °N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC483C2E47EFE20E564" box="[250,391,1350,1377]" degrees="11.0831" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.0831">11.0831° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC482A0E47EFD91E565" box="[408,566,1350,1377]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-12-09">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC482A0E47EFD91E565" box="[408,566,1350,1377]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2018-12-09">9 Dec. 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC4817FE47FFD4AE564" box="[583,749,1351,1377]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-181209-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC48733E47EFBD5E565" box="[1035,1138,1350,1376]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-181209-8193, 81978198; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC48136E451FD30E581" box="[526,663,1385,1412]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415600" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM415600</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC480F8E452FBA2E581" box="[960,1029,1386,1412]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48736E451FB13E581" box="[1038,1204,1385,1412]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1012</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC487F7E452FC31E5CF" collectingDate="2018-12-09" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.821" location="Bergylteskar" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0831" municipality="Bergylteskar" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1013" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC487F7E452FA82E581" box="[1231,1317,1386,1412]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; LAR-181209-8205, 82078208; GenBank nos:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC487B5E4B5FAB1E5A2" box="[1165,1302,1421,1447]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436242" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM436242</accessionNumber>
(coxI),
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF0FFC483FDE488FEE9E5CE" box="[197,334,1456,1483]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415603" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">OM415603</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC481BDE488FD6DE5CF" box="[645,714,1456,1482]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC481EFE488FC27E5CF" box="[727,896,1456,1482]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1013</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4809AE488FD92E614" collectingDate="2019-06-24" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.7829" location="Trindeknubben" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="10.9962" municipality="Trindeknubben" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1005" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC4809AE488FC5AE5CF" box="[930,1021,1456,1482]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC48736E488FB6FE5CF" box="[1038,1224,1456,1482]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Trindeknubben</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC487E1E488FACDE5CF" box="[1241,1386,1456,1483]" degrees="58.7829" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.7829">58.7829° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC483FDE4EBFEF0E5EB" box="[197,343,1491,1518]" degrees="10.9962" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="10.9962">10.9962° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC48255E4EBFDBCE5E8" box="[365,539,1491,1518]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2019-06-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC48255E4EBFDBCE5E8" box="[365,539,1491,1518]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2019-06-24">24 Jun. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC48109E4ECFD7CE5EB" box="[561,731,1492,1518]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-190624-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC4873EE4EBFBCAE5E8" box="[1030,1133,1491,1517]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-190624-9497; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC4820DE4CEFEDDE615" box="[309,378,1526,1552]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC482B9E4CEFD82E614" box="[385,549,1526,1553]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1005</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC48105E4CEFEB0E652" collectingDate="2019-11-16" collectingMethod="SCUBA" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Mats Larsson" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.8754" location="Yttre Vattenholmen" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.1056" municipality="Yttre Vattenholmen" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1006" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48105E4CEFD34E614" box="[573,659,1526,1553]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC481A6E4CFFC2AE615" box="[670,909,1526,1553]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Yttre Vattenholmen</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC480A0E4CEFB82E614" box="[920,1061,1526,1553]" degrees="58.8754" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.8754">58.8754° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48709E4CEFB1EE614" box="[1073,1209,1526,1553]" degrees="11.1056" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.1056">11.1056° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC487FEE4CEFACDE615" box="[1222,1386,1526,1553]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2019-11-16">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC487FEE4CEFACDE615" box="[1222,1386,1526,1553]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2019-11-16">16 Nov. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC483FDE722FECFE631" box="[197,360,1562,1588]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Mats Larsson</collectorName>
leg. [MM-191116-1];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC48141E722FD47E631" box="[633,736,1562,1588]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">SCUBA</collectingMethod>
; LAR-191116-PB16051416; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC487F9E722FAA1E631" box="[1217,1286,1562,1588]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48637E721FEA6E652" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1006</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4821BE705FC06E67F" collectingDate="2001-11-01" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Fredrik Pleijel" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.8833" location="Kosterhavet" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.0833" municipality="Kosterhavet" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1014" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC4821BE705FED9E652" box="[291,382,1597,1623]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC482B7E705FD83E652" box="[399,548,1597,1623]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Kosterhavet</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4810DE704FD61E652" box="[565,710,1596,1623]" degrees="58.8833" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.8833">58.8833° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC481EFE705FCC3E652" box="[727,868,1597,1623]" degrees="11.0833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.0833">11.0833° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC4804EE705FBB2E652" box="[886,1045,1597,1623]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2001-11-01">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC4804EE705FBB2E652" box="[886,1045,1597,1623]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2001-11-01">1 Nov, 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC4871EE705FB7FE652" box="[1062,1240,1597,1623]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Fredrik Pleijel</collectorName>
leg. [TML-01];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC483C6E758FEF4E67F" box="[254,339,1632,1658]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P002-011112-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC481A2E758FD78E67F" box="[666,735,1632,1658]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC481D0E758FC29E67F" box="[744,910,1632,1658]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1014</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC48092E758FE08E6C4" collectingDate="2009-09-23" collectingDateMax="2009-09-24" collectingDateMin="2009-09-23" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="21" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.0651" location="Skagerrak" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3234" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 585" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48092E758FBA0E67F" box="[938,1031,1632,1658]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">2 specs</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4872CE758FB05E67F" box="[1044,1186,1632,1659]" degrees="58.0723" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.0723">58.0723° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48788E758FA9DE67F" box="[1200,1338,1632,1658]" degrees="11.3267" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.3267">11.3267° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC48670E758FEA5E69B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="20.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="11.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF0FFC48670E758FEA5E69B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="20.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="11.0">11- 30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC48265E7BBFE58E698" box="[349,511,1667,1693]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2009-09-23">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC48265E7BBFE58E698" box="[349,511,1667,1693]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2009-09-23">23 Sep. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC48133E7BBFC19E698" box="[523,958,1667,1693]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [201];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC48774E7BBFB06E698" box="[1100,1185,1667,1693]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P088-111026-1;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC483FDE79EFEADE6C5" box="[197,266,1702,1728]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC4822AE79EFE0DE6C4" box="[274,426,1702,1729]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 585</specimenCode>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC4828FE79EFBDEE6E1" collectingDate="2009-09-23" collectingDateMax="2009-09-24" collectingDateMin="2009-09-23" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" elevation="21" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.0651" location="Skagerrak" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3234" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 586" specimenCount="1">
<location id="9F736026FFF0FFC4828FE79EFD93E6C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF0FFC68178E0C4FC7DE4D5:9F736026FFF0FFC4828FE79EFD93E6C5" box="[439,564,1702,1728]" latitude="58.0651" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.3234" name="Skagerrak" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Skagerrak</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48179E79EFD6AE6C4" box="[577,717,1702,1729]" degrees="58.0651" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.0651">58.0651° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC481E2E79EFCC4E6C4" box="[730,867,1702,1729]" degrees="11.3234" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.3234">11.3234° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC48048E79EFC6DE6C4" box="[880,970,1702,1729]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3259999999999996" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="2326.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF0FFC48048E79EFC6DE6C4" box="[880,970,1702,1729]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3259999999999996" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="2326.0">2326 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC4871DE79EFB62E6C5" box="[1061,1221,1702,1728]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2009-09-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC4871DE79EFB62E6C5" box="[1061,1221,1702,1728]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2009-09-24">24 Sep. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC487E9E79EFE76E6E6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [212];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC48165E7F1FD15E6E6" box="[605,690,1737,1763]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P088-111026-2;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC480BEE7F2FC6CE6E1" box="[902,971,1738,1764]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC480EBE7F1FBCFE6E1" box="[979,1128,1737,1764]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 586</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC487B8E7F2FC49E72F" collectingDate="2012-05-08" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="staff and students of courses 1 BG 217 and 1 BG 394 cohort 2012" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" location="Gullmarens" municipality="Gullmarens" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1017" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC487B8E7F2FB70E6E1" box="[1152,1239,1738,1764]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC487DBE7F1FAC9E6E6" box="[1251,1390,1737,1763]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gullmarens</collectingMunicipality>
inlopp;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC48218E7D5FE17E702" box="[288,432,1773,1799]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2012-05-08">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC48218E7D5FE17E702" box="[288,432,1773,1799]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2012-05-08">8 May 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC48283E7D5FB05E702" box="[443,1186,1773,1799]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">staff and students of courses 1BG217 and 1BG394 cohort 2012</collectorName>
leg. [Gullmarens inlopp, 120508];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC48299E628FE51E72F" box="[417,502,1808,1834]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P088-120410-1;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC481E1E628FCB9E72F" box="[729,798,1808,1834]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48014E628FC70E72F" box="[812,983,1808,1834]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1017</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC480C4E628FBDEE774" collectingDate="2016-04-20" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="students and staff of course 1 BG 217, cohort 2015" elevation="18" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.2577" location="Langgap" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.4262" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1008" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC480C4E628FBF0E72F" box="[1020,1111,1808,1834]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC48751E628FB4BE72F" box="[1129,1260,1808,1834]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gullmaren</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9F736026FFF0FFC487C7E637FACDE72F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF0FFC68178E0C4FC7DE4D5:9F736026FFF0FFC487C7E637FACDE72F" box="[1279,1386,1807,1834]" latitude="58.2577" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.4262" municipality="Gullmaren" name="Langgap" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Långgap</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC483FDE60BFEF3E74B" box="[197,340,1843,1870]" degrees="58.2577" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.2577">58.2577° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC4825CE60BFE48E74B" box="[356,495,1843,1870]" degrees="11.4262" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.4262">11.4262° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC482C7E60BFD99E74B" box="[511,574,1843,1870]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="18.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF0FFC482C7E60BFD99E74B" box="[511,574,1843,1870]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC481A6E60BFCE5E748" box="[670,834,1843,1869]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2016-04-20">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC481A6E60BFCE5E748" box="[670,834,1843,1869]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2016-04-20">20 Apr. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC4806AE60BFEA6E774" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">students and staff of course 1BG217, cohort 2015</collectorName>
leg. [1BG217-2015-25];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC48104E66EFD36E775" box="[572,657,1878,1904]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P088-160505-1;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC48056E66EFC14E775" box="[878,947,1878,1904]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48086E66EFBC2E775" box="[958,1125,1878,1904]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1008</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC487BCE66EFB5EE7B2" collectingDate="2016-04-21" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="staff and students of course 1 BG 217 cohort 2016" elevation="12" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="54" latitude="58.255" location="Langgap" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.4447" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1015" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC487BCE66EFB7CE774" box="[1156,1243,1878,1905]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF0FFC487D2E66EFACDE775" box="[1258,1386,1878,1904]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Gullmaren</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9F736026FFF0FFC483FDE641FE96E791" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF0FFC68178E0C4FC7DE4D5:9F736026FFF0FFC483FDE641FE96E791" box="[197,305,1913,1940]" latitude="58.255" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.4447" municipality="Gullmaren" name="Langgap" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Långgap</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC48206E641FE6BE791" box="[318,460,1913,1940]" degrees="58.2550" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="58.255">58.2550° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF0FFC482E2E642FDC4E791" box="[474,611,1914,1940]" degrees="11.4447" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" precision="5" value="11.4447">11.4447° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC48149E642FD08E791" box="[625,687,1914,1940]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="12.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF0FFC48149E642FD08E791" box="[625,687,1914,1940]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF0FFC48033E642FC0BE796" box="[779,940,1913,1940]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2016-04-21">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF0FFC48033E642FC0BE796" box="[779,940,1913,1940]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" value="2016-04-21">21 Apr. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF0FFC48081E641FEF9E7B2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">staff and students of course 1BG217 cohort 2016</collectorName>
leg. [1BG217-2016-5];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF0FFC481A5E6A5FD55E7B2" box="[669,754,1949,1975]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P002-160504-1;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF0FFC480E3E6A5FB87E7B2" box="[987,1056,1949,1975]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF0FFC48709E6A5FB78E7B2" box="[1073,1247,1948,1975]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Porifera 1015</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF0FFC58632E6A5FBA4E14B" collectingDate="2019-04-23" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="staff and students of course BG 393 cohort 2019" elevation="14" lastPageId="53" lastPageNumber="54" location="Flatholmen" municipality="Gullmaren" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="Porifera 1021" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF0FFC48632E6A5FACDE7B2" box="[1290,1386,1949,1975]" count="1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF1FFC583FDE028FEEFE12F" box="[197,328,272,298]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Gullmaren</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9F736026FFF1FFC5826CE028FE47E12F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF0FFC68178E0C4FC7DE4D5:9F736026FFF1FFC5826CE028FE47E12F" box="[340,480,272,298]" municipality="Gullmaren" name="Flatholmen" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Flatholmen</location>
;
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF1FFC582D5E029FD8DE12E" box="[493,554,273,299]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="14.0">
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF1FFC582D5E029FD8DE12E" box="[493,554,273,299]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</elevation>
</quantity>
depth;
<date id="EE12103DFFF1FFC581BDE029FC83E12E" box="[645,804,273,299]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="2019-04-23">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF1FFC581BDE029FC83E12E" box="[645,804,273,299]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" value="2019-04-23">23 Apr. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF1FFC58009E028FAC9E12E" box="[817,1390,272,299]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">staff and students of course BG393 cohort 2019</collectorName>
leg. [Flatholmen, 190423 [34]] P088-190424-1;
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF1FFC58032E00CFCE8E14B" box="[778,847,308,334]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF1FFC5806FE00CFC58E14B" box="[855,1023,308,334]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Porifera 1021</specimenCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CED36675FFF1FFC58387E7D1FCCAE7B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168722" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15168722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168722/files/figure.png" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" startId="53.[191,234,1769,1795]" targetBox="[185,1405,405,1726]" targetPageId="53">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF1FFC58387E7D1FCCAE7B1" blockId="53.[190,1401,1769,1972]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC58387E7D1FE86E701" bold="true" box="[191,289,1769,1796]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Fig. 25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF1FFC58215E7D1FD4AE706" authority="(Pallas, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[301,749,1769,1795]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC58215E7D1FD92E706" box="[301,565,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Halichondria panicea</emphasis>
(Pallas, 1776)
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC581C5E7D1FCB5E706" bold="true" box="[765,786,1769,1795]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">A</emphasis>
. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF1FFC58233E635FECEE722" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[267,361,1805,1831]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="53" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1004 (LAR-180918-72457246).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC581C7E635FCB4E722" bold="true" box="[767,787,1805,1831]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">B</emphasis>
. Live specimens with branching morphology, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF1FFC58387E608FEBAE74F" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[191,285,1840,1866]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="53" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1003 (LAR-180911-7191, 7194).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC5818AE608FD60E74F" bold="true" box="[690,711,1840,1866]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">C</emphasis>
. Live specimens with thick encrusting morphology (LAR-190624-9497).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC5824CE66BFE36E768" bold="true" box="[372,401,1875,1901]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">D.</emphasis>
Tangential section showing ectosomal structure, GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF1FFC58719E66BFBD8E768" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[1057,1151,1875,1901]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="53" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1005 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC58261E64EFECAE795" bold="true" box="[345,365,1910,1936]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">E</emphasis>
. Cross section of specimen GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF1FFC581C4E64EFCFDE795" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[764,858,1910,1936]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="53" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1003 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194).
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF1FFC587C9E64EFAA4E795" bold="true" box="[1265,1283,1910,1936]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">F</emphasis>
. Oxeas in specimen GNM
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF1FFC582B8E6A1FE79E7B6" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[384,478,1945,1971]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="53" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
1004 (LAR-180918-72457246).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF2FFC683CAE028FB79E295" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683CAE028FE24E12F" blockId="54.[196,1392,272,475]" box="[242,387,272,298]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC683CAE028FE24E12F" bold="true" box="[242,387,272,298]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE00BFDCCE1DF" blockId="54.[196,1392,272,475]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Specimens presented morphologies from thin sheets to thick encrusting or even branching (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFF2FFC687EEE00BFAC4E14B" box="[1238,1379,307,334]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[191,234,1769,1795]" captionTargetBox="[185,1405,405,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-36@53.[185,1405,405,1730]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 25. Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1776). A. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology, GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246). B. Live specimens with branching morphology, GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911-7191, 7194). C. Live specimens with thick encrusting morphology (LAR- 190624-9497). D. Tangential section showing ectosomal structure, GNM Porifera 1005 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). E. Cross section of specimen GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). F. Oxeas in specimen GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168722/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 25AC</figureCitation>
). However, the most common form is thick encrusting (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFF2FFC68002E06EFC02E174" box="[826,933,342,369]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[191,234,1769,1795]" captionTargetBox="[185,1405,405,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-36@53.[185,1405,405,1730]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 25. Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1776). A. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology, GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246). B. Live specimens with branching morphology, GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911-7191, 7194). C. Live specimens with thick encrusting morphology (LAR- 190624-9497). D. Tangential section showing ectosomal structure, GNM Porifera 1005 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). E. Cross section of specimen GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). F. Oxeas in specimen GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168722/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 25C</figureCitation>
). The oscula are elevated on chimneys, scattered evenly across the surface. The colour alive varied from green to dark yellow turning to beige/ cream in ethanol. The surface is smooth, easy to peel off and with tracts of the aquiferous system observable even in living specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE339FE96E21E" blockId="54.[197,305,513,539]" box="[197,305,513,539]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="C15B8191FFF2FFC683FDE339FE96E21E" bold="true" box="[197,305,513,539]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC683FDE339FE96E21E" bold="true" box="[197,305,513,539]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Skeleton</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE308FB79E295" blockId="54.[197,1391,560,657]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
The skeleton has a confused skeleton arrangement except for the ectosome (i.e., halichondrioid skeleton). The ectosome is reticulated (
<figureCitation id="02972A78FFF2FFC681A2E36BFC8DE26B" box="[666,810,595,622]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[191,234,1769,1795]" captionTargetBox="[185,1405,405,1726]" captionTargetId="figure-36@53.[185,1405,405,1730]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 25. Halichondria panicea (Pallas, 1776). A. Live specimen with thin encrusting morphology, GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246). B. Live specimens with branching morphology, GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911-7191, 7194). C. Live specimens with thick encrusting morphology (LAR- 190624-9497). D. Tangential section showing ectosomal structure, GNM Porifera 1005 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). E. Cross section of specimen GNM Porifera 1003 (LAR-180911- 7191, 7194). F. Oxeas in specimen GNM Porifera 1004 (LAR-180918-72457246)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15168722" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15168722/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 25DE</figureCitation>
). The specimens presented only curved oxeas as megascleres, measuring 391.2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC6810DE34EFD22E295" bold="true" box="[565,645,630,656]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">256.4</emphasis>
128.2 ± 47.26× 12.3.4
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC680A9E34EFC63E295" bold="true" box="[913,964,630,656]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">4.7</emphasis>
2.3± 2.17 µm (N =167).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF2FFC683FDE380FD0DE342" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE380FE5DE2D7" blockId="54.[197,506,696,722]" box="[197,506,696,722]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="C15B8191FFF2FFC683FDE380FE5DE2D7" bold="true" box="[197,506,696,722]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC683FDE380FE5DE2D7" bold="true" box="[197,506,696,722]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE3DEFD0DE342" blockId="54.[197,1391,742,840]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF2FFC683FDE3DEFE6CE305" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[197,459,742,768]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC683FDE3DEFE6CE305" box="[197,459,742,768]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Halichondria panicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a common species, found from the intertidal/subtidal down to
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF2FFC687CDE3DEFAECE304" box="[1269,1355,742,769]" count="500" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="generic">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF2FFC687CDE3DEFAE0E304" box="[1269,1351,742,769]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
In shallow waters it often grows on boulders and brown algae. In
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFF2FFC680EEE232FB94E321" box="[982,1075,778,804]" name="Sweden" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Sweden</collectingCountry>
it can be found from the intertidal to
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF2FFC6826CE215FE39E342" box="[340,414,813,840]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6899999999999995" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" unit="m" value="569.0">569 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF2FFC682CEE215FD3AE342" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[502,669,813,839]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF2FFC683FDE256FC7DE4D5" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE256FE90E38D" blockId="54.[197,311,878,904]" box="[197,311,878,904]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="C15B8191FFF2FFC683FDE256FE90E38D" bold="true" box="[197,311,878,904]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC683FDE256FE90E38D" bold="true" box="[197,311,878,904]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF2FFC683FDE2A5FC7DE4D5" blockId="54.[194,1391,925,1233]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
The different morphotypes that this species can present are attributed to different water regimes (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF2FFC683F6E2F8FED4E3DF" author="Palumbi" box="[206,371,960,986]" firstAuthor="Palumbi" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="208 - 214" refId="ref30104" refString="Palumbi S. R. 1986. How body plans limit acclimation: responses of a demosponge to wave force. Ecology 67 (1): 208-214. https://doi.org/10.2307/1938520" type="journal article" year="1986">Palumbi 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF2FFC682BAE2F8FDBBE3DF" author="Barthel D." bookContentInfo="Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg" box="[386,540,960,986]" editor="Reitner J. &amp; Keupp H." pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="387 - 394" refId="ref27317" refString="Barthel D. 1991. Influence of Different current regimes on the growth form of Halichondria panicea Pallas. In: Reitner J. &amp; Keupp H. (eds) Fossil and Recent Sponges: 387-394. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg." title="Influence of Different current regimes on the growth form of Halichondria panicea Pallas" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Fossil and Recent Sponges" year="1991">Barthel 1991</bibRefCitation>
). This species is sympatric with
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF2FFC680A4E2F8FAC8E3DF" authority="Burton, 1930" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1930" box="[924,1391,960,987]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC680A4E2F8FB6AE3DF" box="[924,1229,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Halichondria bowerbanki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF2FFC687ECE2F9FAC8E3DF" author="Burton M." box="[1236,1391,960,987]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="487 - 546" part="100" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" refId="ref27513" refString="Burton M. 1930. Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 100 (2): 487-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" title="Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection" type="journal article" year="1930">Burton, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and the two species can be easily confused.However, specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF2FFC68087E2DCFB9BE3F8" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1776" box="[959,1084,996,1021]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="panicea">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC68087E2DCFB9BE3F8" box="[959,1084,996,1021]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">H.panicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a peelable skin-like surface, and can have a green colour, which
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF2FFC681EAE53FFC25E425" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1930" box="[722,898,1030,1056]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC681EAE53FFC25E425" box="[722,898,1030,1056]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">H. bowerbanki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
never has. Additionally, the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF2FFC683FDE512FED5E446" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1930" box="[197,370,1065,1091]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Halichondria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC683FDE512FED5E446" box="[197,370,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">H. bowerbanki</emphasis>
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rarely yield an amplicon when using the standard coxI primers. The
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC687B0E512FAAEE446" box="[1160,1289,1066,1091]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">H. panicea</emphasis>
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presents a very wide distribution ranging from the northeast Pacific (Bering Sea) to the southwest Atlantic but the Pacific reports of
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC68285E549FD9AE48F" box="[445,573,1137,1162]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">H. panicea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
probably refer to a distinct species (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF2FFC680DCE548FB43E48F" author="Erpenbeck" box="[996,1252,1136,1162]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Erpenbeck" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="319 - 325" refId="ref27871" refString="Erpenbeck D., Knowlton A. L., Talbot S. L., Highsmith R. &amp; van Soest R. W. M. 2004. A molecular comparison of Alaskan and Northeast Atlantic Halichondria panicea (Pallas 1766) (Porifera: Demospongiae) populations. Bolletino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici dell ' Universita de Genova 68: 319-325." type="journal article" year="2004">
Erpenbeck
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC68751E549FB04E48F" box="[1129,1187,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
).). Six coxI sequences were obtained, corresponding to three haplotypes (12 bp differences). Still more studies need to be done to test if the NEA
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<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF2FFC68161E58FFD7DE4D5" box="[601,730,1207,1232]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">H. panicea</emphasis>
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is a species complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,78 +1,78 @@
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@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
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<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC083FDE3D6FD36E30C" ID-CoL="5YZHK" authority="Hancock 1849: 341 - 342" authorityName="Hancock" authorityPageNumber="341 - 342" authorityYear="1849" box="[197,657,750,777]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lobata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC083FDE3D6FEC0E30D" box="[197,359,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Cliona lobata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08256E3D6FD36E30C" author="Hancock A." box="[366,657,750,777]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="321 - 348" refId="ref28695" refString="Hancock A. 1849. On the excavating powers of certain sponges belonging to the genus Cliona with descriptions of several new species, and an allied generic form. Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology 3: 321-348." type="journal article" year="1849">Hancock 1849: 341342</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08256E3D6FD36E30C" author="Hancock" box="[366,657,750,777]" firstAuthor="Hancock" page="341 - 342" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="321 - 348" refId="ref28695" refString="Hancock A. 1849. On the excavating powers of certain sponges belonging to the genus Cliona with descriptions of several new species, and an allied generic form. Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology 3: 321-348." type="journal article" year="1849">Hancock 1849: 341342</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. XII fig. 4, 8.
@ -93,18 +93,20 @@
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC083FDE208FEC0E34F" ID-CoL="5YZHK" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1849" box="[197,359,816,842]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lobata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC083FDE208FEC0E34F" box="[197,359,816,842]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Cliona lobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Alander 1942: 80.
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC082BAE208FDF4E34F" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[386,595,816,842]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 80</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF4FFC083FDE26BFC34E368" blockId="48.[197,915,816,878]" box="[197,915,851,878]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFF4FFC083FDE26BFC34E368" box="[197,915,851,878]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
?
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC083EAE26BFD94E368" ID-CoL="W7GS" authority="Hancock, 1849" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1849" box="[210,563,851,877]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="howsei">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC083EAE26BFEDDE368" box="[210,378,851,877]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Cliona howsei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC082BAE26BFD94E368" author="Hancock A." box="[386,563,851,877]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="321 - 348" refId="ref28695" refString="Hancock A. 1849. On the excavating powers of certain sponges belonging to the genus Cliona with descriptions of several new species, and an allied generic form. Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology 3: 321-348." type="journal article" year="1849">Hancock, 1849</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC082BAE26BFD94E368" author="Hancock" box="[386,563,851,877]" firstAuthor="Hancock" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="321 - 348" refId="ref28695" refString="Hancock A. 1849. On the excavating powers of certain sponges belonging to the genus Cliona with descriptions of several new species, and an allied generic form. Annals and Magazine of Natural History; Zoology, Botany, and Geology 3: 321-348." type="journal article" year="1849">Hancock, 1849</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF4FFC08168E26BFC9EE36B" author="Levinsen G. M. R." box="[592,825,851,878]" page="415" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1893">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08168E26BFC9EE36B" author="Levinsen G. M. R." box="[592,825,851,878]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="317 - 427" refId="ref29259" refString="Levinsen G. M. R. 1893. Annulata, Hydroidae, Anthozoa Porifera. In: Petersen C. G. J. (ed.) Det videnskabelige udbytte af Kanonbaaden Hauchs togter i de Danske have indenfor Skagen i aarene 1883 - 86: 317-427. Andr. Fred. Host &amp; Sons Forlag., Copenhagen." type="book chapter" year="1893">Levinsen 1893: 415</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08168E26BFC9EE36B" author="Levinsen" box="[592,825,851,878]" firstAuthor="Levinsen" page="415" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="317 - 427" refId="ref29259" refString="Levinsen G. M. R. 1893. Annulata, Hydroidae, Anthozoa Porifera. In: Petersen C. G. J. (ed.) Det videnskabelige udbytte af Kanonbaaden Hauchs togter i de Danske have indenfor Skagen i aarene 1883 - 86: 317-427. Andr. Fred. Host &amp; Sons Forlag., Copenhagen." type="book chapter" year="1893">Levinsen 1893: 415</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
fig. 27.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
@ -138,20 +140,19 @@ depth
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF4FFC08774E2FBFEECE405" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [KA68]; dredge; P082-111026-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF4FFC080BCE2DEFC6FE405" box="[900,968,998,1024]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC080E8E2DEFB89E405" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[976,1070,998,1024]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="48" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
554
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF4FFC080BCE2DEFC6FE405" box="[900,968,998,1024]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">GNM</collectionCode>
Porifera 554
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF4FFC08745E2DEFD7FE442" collectingDate="2007-08-27" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="49" latitude="58.1352" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="1">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF4FFC08745E2DEFD7FE442" collectingDate="2007-08-27" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.1352" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.2512" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" specimenCode="Porifera 555" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF4FFC08745E2DEFB74E404" box="[1149,1235,998,1025]" count="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF4FFC087E7E2DEFACDE404" box="[1247,1386,998,1025]" degrees="58.1352" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="5" value="58.1352">58.1352° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF4FFC083FDE531FEEBE421" box="[197,332,1033,1060]" degrees="11.2512" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" precision="5" value="11.2512">11.2512° E</geoCoordinate>
; 51
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF4FFC082BCE531FDA8E426" box="[388,527,1033,1060]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="49.0">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF4FFC082BCE531FE65E421" box="[388,450,1033,1060]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="49.0">49 m</quantity>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF4FFC08261E531FDA8E426" box="[345,527,1033,1060]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF4FFC08261E531FE65E421" box="[345,450,1033,1060]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="49.0">5149 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
@ -160,10 +161,11 @@ depth
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF4FFC081F3E531FBD3E426" box="[715,1140,1033,1059]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Artprojektets Skagerrak-inventering</collectorName>
leg. [SK67]; dredge; P082-111026-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF4FFC082CEE515FD9DE442" box="[502,570,1069,1095]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="">GNM</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC0817AE515FD07E442" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1836" box="[578,672,1069,1095]" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="48" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="phylum">Porifera</taxonomicName>
555
leg. [SK67];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF4FFC0862FE531FACCE426" box="[1303,1387,1033,1059]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P082-111026-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF4FFC082CEE515FD9DE442" box="[502,570,1069,1095]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF4FFC0817AE515FD7FE442" box="[578,728,1068,1095]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Porifera 555</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
@ -198,7 +200,7 @@ to
, as well as from the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF4FFC083FDE710FC44E7AD" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF4FFC083FDE710FE1EE741" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF4FFC083FDE710FE8BE647" blockId="48.[197,300,1576,1602]" box="[197,300,1576,1602]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<heading id="C15B8191FFF4FFC083FDE710FE8BE647" bold="true" box="[197,300,1576,1602]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC083FDE710FE8BE647" bold="true" box="[197,300,1576,1602]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remark</emphasis>
@ -222,7 +224,7 @@ consistently possesses spirasters, while their presence in
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC08045E7A5FC4BE6B3" box="[893,1004,1692,1719]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. celata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only documented by
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08637E7A5FEB1E6DF" author="Topsent E." pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 331" refId="ref31152" refString="Topsent E. 1900. Etude monographique des spongiaires de France. III. Monaxonida (Hadromerina). Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 8: 1-331." type="journal article" year="1900">Topsent (1900)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF4FFC08637E7A5FEB1E6DF" author="Topsent" firstAuthor="Topsent" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 331" refId="ref31152" refString="Topsent E. 1900. Etude monographique des spongiaires de France. III. Monaxonida (Hadromerina). Archives de Zoologie experimentale et generale 8: 1-331." type="journal article" year="1900">Topsent (1900)</bibRefCitation>
. However, given that
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC08116E7F8FD38E6DF" authorityName="Grant" authorityYear="1826" box="[558,671,1728,1754]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="celata">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF4FFC08116E7F8FD38E6DF" box="[558,671,1728,1754]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. celata</emphasis>
@ -243,14 +245,6 @@ in the past might actually belong to
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF4FFC08180E653FCDBE780" blockId="48.[592,995,1899,1960]" box="[696,892,1899,1925]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Order
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC0803BE653FCDBE780" authorityName="Chombard &amp; Boury-Esnault" authorityYear="1999" box="[771,892,1899,1925]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Suberitida</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF4FFC08168E6B6FC44E7AD" blockId="48.[592,995,1899,1960]" box="[592,995,1934,1960]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
Family
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF4FFC08193E6B6FC44E7AD" authority="Schmidt, 1870" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityYear="1870" box="[683,995,1934,1960]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">Suberitidae Schmidt, 1870</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

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<treatment id="120587EBFFF7FFC4811FE0ABFD2AE174" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF7FFC4811FE0ABFD2AE174" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/120587EBFFF7FFC4811FE0ABFD2AE174" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF7FFC3811FE0ABFBABE1AB" box="[551,1036,403,430]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC3811FE0ABFBABE1AB" blockId="51.[551,1036,403,430]" box="[551,1036,403,430]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="C15B8191FFF7FFC3811FE0ABFBABE1AB" box="[551,1036,403,430]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC3811FE0ABFBABE1AB" ID-CoL="53D8D" authority="(Schmidt, 1875)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[551,1036,403,430]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spermatozoon">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC3811FE0ABFCE0E1AB" bold="true" box="[551,839,403,430]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Suberites spermatozoon</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC3806EE0ABFBA3E1AB" author="Schmidt" box="[854,1028,403,430]" firstAuthor="Schmidt" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="115 - 120" refId="ref30686" refString="Schmidt O. 1875. Spongien. Die Expedition zur physikalisch-chemischen und biologischen Untersuchung der Nordsee im Sommer 1872. Jahresbericht der Commission zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere in Kiel 2 - 3: 115-120." type="book chapter" year="1875">Schmidt, 1875</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF7FFC383FDE0EDFD7FE272" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE0EDFCF0E1EA" blockId="51.[197,855,469,496]" box="[197,855,469,496]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFF7FFC383FDE0EDFCF0E1EA" box="[197,855,469,496]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF7FFC383FDE0EDFD71E1EA" author="Schmidt O." box="[197,726,469,496]" page="116" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="1875">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC383FDE0EDFD71E1EA" authority="Schmidt, 1875: 116" authorityName="Schmidt" authorityPageNumber="116" authorityYear="1875" box="[197,726,469,496]" class="Demospongiae" family="Cladorhizidae" genus="Cometella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spermatozoon">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE0EDFE4EE1EA" box="[197,489,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Cometella spermatozoon</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC382C8E0EDFD71E1EA" author="Schmidt" box="[496,726,469,496]" firstAuthor="Schmidt" page="116" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="115 - 120" refId="ref30686" refString="Schmidt O. 1875. Spongien. Die Expedition zur physikalisch-chemischen und biologischen Untersuchung der Nordsee im Sommer 1872. Jahresbericht der Commission zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere in Kiel 2 - 3: 115-120." type="book chapter" year="1875">Schmidt, 1875: 116</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
pl. I fig. 2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE32EFC1FE235" blockId="51.[197,952,534,631]" box="[197,952,534,561]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="BABC11D3FFF7FFC383FDE32EFC1FE235" box="[197,952,534,561]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC383FDE32EFE79E235" ID-CoL="53D8D" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[197,478,534,560]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spermatozoon">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE32EFE79E235" box="[197,478,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Suberites spermatozoon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF7FFC382C3E32EFD54E235" author="Fristedt K." box="[507,755,534,561]" page="18" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="1885">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC382C3E32EFD54E235" author="Fristedt" box="[507,755,534,561]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="18 - 19" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885: 1819</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="1B0D10ECFFF7FFC381C7E32EFC13E235" author="Fristedt K." box="[767,948,534,561]" page="429" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="1887">
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC381C7E32EFC13E235" author="Fristedt" box="[767,948,534,561]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" page="429 - 430" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref28242" refString="Fristedt K. 1887. Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vegaexpedtitionens ventenskapliga iakttagelser IV: 401-471." type="book chapter" year="1887">1887: 429430</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE301FD70E256" blockId="51.[197,952,534,631]" box="[197,727,569,596]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE301FE44E256" box="[197,483,569,595]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
?
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC383E8E301FE44E256" ID-CoL="6HW44" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[208,483,569,595]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Ficulina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spermatozoon">Ficulina spermatozoon</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC38138E302FD74E256" author="Burton M." box="[512,723,569,596]" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="487 - 546" part="100" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" refId="ref27513" refString="Burton M. 1930. Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 100 (2): 487-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x" title="Norwegian Sponges from the Norman Collection" type="journal article" year="1930">Burton 1930: 496</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE365FD7FE272" blockId="51.[197,952,534,631]" box="[197,728,605,631]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC383FDE365FE4FE273" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[197,488,605,631]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Choanites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spermatozoon">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE365FE4FE273" box="[197,488,605,631]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Choanites spermatozoon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC3813BE365FD73E272" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[515,724,605,631]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942: 79</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF7FFC383FDE3A6FCECE3DB" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE3A6FDFAE2BD" blockId="51.[197,605,670,697]" box="[197,605,670,697]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE3A6FE15E2BD" bold="true" box="[197,434,670,696]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Material examined</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF7FFC382FAE3A6FDF2E2BD" box="[450,597,670,697]" count="5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE3F5FCECE3DB" blockId="51.[197,1391,716,990]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF7FFC383FDE3F5FDBFE32B" accessionNumber="OM436260" collectingDate="2014-05-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Erica Mejlon" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.2973" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.515" municipality="Skareskar" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="Porifera 1154" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFF7FFC383FDE3F5FE98E2E2" box="[197,319,717,743]" name="Sweden" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">SWEDEN</collectingCountry>
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF7FFC3826FE3F5FE0BE2E2" box="[343,428,717,743]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFF7FFC38280E3F5FD9EE2E2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF7FFC4811FE0ABFD2AE174:9F736026FFF7FFC38280E3F5FD9EE2E2" box="[440,569,717,743]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.2973" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.515" municipality="Skareskar" name="Gullmaren" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Gullmaren</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF7FFC3817CE3F4FD1BE2E2" box="[580,700,716,743]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Skåreskär</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF7FFC381FFE3F4FCF6E2E2" box="[711,849,716,743]" degrees="58.2973" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="5" value="58.2973">58.2973° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF7FFC38064E3F4FC45E2E2" box="[860,994,716,743]" degrees="11.5150" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="5" value="11.515">11.5150° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF7FFC380D7E3F4FB18E2E2" box="[1007,1215,716,743]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF7FFC380D7E3F4FBD4E2E2" box="[1007,1139,716,743]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="100.0">105100 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF7FFC387F3E3F5FACDE2E2" box="[1227,1386,717,743]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2014-05-24">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF7FFC387F3E3F5FACDE2E2" box="[1227,1386,717,743]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2014-05-24">24 May 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF7FFC383FDE3C8FEC3E30F" box="[197,356,752,778]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Erica Mejlon</collectorName>
leg. [Skåreskär 140424];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF7FFC38190E3C8FD5BE30F" box="[680,764,752,778]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P062-140504-1; GenBank no.:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF7FFC387B3E3C8FAB4E30F" box="[1163,1299,752,778]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436260" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">OM436260</accessionNumber>
(coxI); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF7FFC38208E22BFED3E328" box="[304,372,787,813]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF7FFC38242E22BFDBFE32B" box="[378,536,787,814]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Porifera 1154</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF7FFC38109E22BFE14E354" accessionNumber="OM436260" collectingDate="2014-05-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Erica Mejlon" country="Sweden" elevation="100" latitude="58.2973" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.515" municipality="Skareskar" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="Porifera 1155" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF7FFC38109E22BFD23E32B" box="[561,644,787,814]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P062-140504-2; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF7FFC383FDE20EFEAEE355" box="[197,265,822,848]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF7FFC3822AE20EFE14E354" box="[274,435,822,849]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Porifera 1155</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF7FFC382F7E20EFB9AE371" accessionNumber="OM436257, OM415618" collectingDate="2014-05-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Erica Mejlon" country="Sweden" elevation="100" latitude="58.2973" location="GenBank" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.515" municipality="Skareskar" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="Porifera 1156" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF7FFC382F7E20EFD82E354" box="[463,549,822,849]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P062-140504-3; GenBank nos:
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF7FFC383FDE261FEECE371" box="[197,331,857,884]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM436257" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">OM436257</accessionNumber>
(coxI),
<accessionNumber id="85FFAB1EFFF7FFC38292E261FD96E371" box="[426,561,857,884]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM415618" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">OM415618</accessionNumber>
(28S D3-D5); voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF7FFC38069E262FC32E371" box="[849,917,858,884]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF7FFC380A5E261FB9AE371" box="[925,1085,857,884]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Porifera 1156</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF7FFC3876EE262FC4BE392" accessionNumber="OM436257, OM415618" collectingDate="2014-05-24" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Erica Mejlon" country="Sweden" elevation="100" latitude="58.2973" location="GenBank" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.515" municipality="Skareskar" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="Porifera 1157" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF7FFC3876EE262FB0CE371" box="[1110,1195,858,884]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding; P062-140504-4; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF7FFC381C7E245FCE4E392" box="[767,835,893,919]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF7FFC38073E245FC4BE392" box="[843,1004,892,919]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Porifera 1157</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="2AC43CA0FFF7FFC3873DE245FCE1E3DB" collectingDate="2014-05-05" collectingMethod="dredge" collectionCode="GNM" collectorName="Erica Mejlon" country="Sweden" elevation="0" latitude="58.2942" location="Gullmaren" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.5138" municipality="Skareskar" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" specimenCode="Porifera 1158" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="8CAAFD74FFF7FFC3873DE245FBFDE392" box="[1029,1114,893,919]" count="1" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9F736026FFF7FFC3875FE245FB4FE392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:120587EBFFF7FFC4811FE0ABFD2AE174:9F736026FFF7FFC3875FE245FB4FE392" box="[1127,1256,893,919]" country="Sweden" latitude="58.2942" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="11.5138" municipality="Skareskar" name="Gullmaren" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Gullmaren</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7A77AC87FFF7FFC387CBE244FACCE392" box="[1267,1387,892,919]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Skåreskär</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF7FFC383FDE298FEF4E3BF" box="[197,339,928,955]" degrees="58.2942" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="5" value="58.2942">58.2942° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FF98503AFFF7FFC3825CE298FE48E3BF" box="[356,495,928,955]" degrees="11.5138" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="5" value="11.5138">11.5138° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1181D1CEFFF7FFC382C7E298FD7DE3BF" box="[511,730,928,955]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF7FFC382C7E298FD2EE3BF" box="[511,649,928,955]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="100.0">105100 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="EE12103DFFF7FFC381D2E298FC23E3BF" box="[746,900,928,955]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2014-05-05">
<collectingDate id="FE56E9D5FFF7FFC381D2E298FC23E3BF" box="[746,900,928,955]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2014-05-05">5 May 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3759532BFFF7FFC380ACE298FB94E3BF" box="[916,1075,928,954]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Erica Mejlon</collectorName>
leg. [Skåreskär, 140505];
<collectingMethod id="43ED4EEAFFF7FFC383FDE2FBFEBEE3D8" box="[197,281,963,989]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">dredge</collectingMethod>
; P062-140513-1; voucher:
<collectionCode id="FCBDAE38FFF7FFC38160E2FBFD3BE3D8" box="[600,668,963,989]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/m262-zrs7" name="Gothenburg Museum of Natural History (Goteborgs Naturhistoriska Museum)" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">GNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="CA0A9E86FFF7FFC3819CE2FBFCE1E3DB" box="[676,838,963,990]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Porifera 1158</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF7FFC383FDE53CFD5CE666" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE53CFEF1E41B" blockId="51.[197,342,1028,1054]" box="[197,342,1028,1054]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE53CFEF1E41B" bold="true" box="[197,342,1028,1054]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE50BFC5AE4B2" blockId="51.[197,1392,1075,1207]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">The specimens are small, only a couple of centimeters long, pyriform with a hollow body and a long peduncle. The same pedicle can be connected to several bodies. Our specimens were not attached to hard substrate when dredged in the muddy bottoms. A simple osculum is present on the top of each specimen. Colour yellowish-grey, both alive and preserved in ethanol.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE5E6FE96E4FD" blockId="51.[197,305,1246,1272]" box="[197,305,1246,1272]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE5E6FE96E4FD" bold="true" box="[197,305,1246,1272]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Skeleton</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE434FD5CE666" blockId="51.[193,1391,1292,1636]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
The skeleton was composed by (sub)tylostyles, either straight or flexuous, with a bimodal size distribution, i.e., there is too much overlap to be two bona fide size classes, measuring: a) 320
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC38615E408FAC8E54F" bold="true" box="[1325,1391,1328,1354]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">430.3</emphasis>
- 840 ± 78.1 ×2.5 -
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC3829EE46BFE6CE568" bold="true" box="[422,459,1363,1389]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">6.6</emphasis>
- 10 ± 1.8 µm (N=80), and b)135 -
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC380AEE46BFC7FE568" bold="true" box="[918,984,1363,1389]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">247.7</emphasis>
- 317.5± 38.7 ×2.5 -
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC387E1E46BFB59E568" bold="true" box="[1241,1278,1363,1389]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">5.3</emphasis>
-10 ± 1.6 (N =54). These megascleres sometimes present abnormal forms, such as styles or strongyles. Microscleres are microspined centrotyloted slightly curved strongyles or oxeas. The tyle is less evident than in other
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC38259E484FD8CE5D3" box="[353,555,1468,1494]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC38259E484FE69E5D3" box="[353,462,1468,1494]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Suberites</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
and could present a displacement from the centre of the spicule. These microscleres measure 11.3
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC38129E4D8FDE3E5FF" bold="true" box="[529,580,1504,1530]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">32.5</emphasis>
72± 10.3 ×2
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC381C9E4D8FCB1E5FF" bold="true" box="[753,790,1504,1530]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">2.6</emphasis>
4 +/ 0.5 (N=130). Finally, all specimens have modified microrhabds that are spherical and smooth. These spheres are found in the peduncles of the specimens but in very low numbers making them difficult to find in spicules preparations. The diameter is the same as for the length of the microscleres.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF7FFC383FDE7B3FC35E738" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE7B3FE5DE6A0" blockId="51.[197,506,1675,1701]" box="[197,506,1675,1701]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE7B3FE5DE6A0" bold="true" box="[197,506,1675,1701]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE781FC35E738" blockId="51.[197,1391,1721,1853]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
The
<typeStatus id="4517885FFFF7FFC383C7E782FE95E6D1" box="[255,306,1722,1748]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="5DAC4D7EFFF7FFC382F1E781FD4FE6D6" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[457,744,1721,1747]" class="Demospongiae" family="Suberitidae" genus="Suberites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spermatozoon">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC382F1E781FD4FE6D6" box="[457,744,1721,1747]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Suberites spermatozoon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is near Mandal (southern
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFF7FFC3870FE781FB3DE6D6" box="[1079,1178,1721,1747]" name="Norway" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Norway</collectingCountry>
), but it has been reported in the Kara Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC3813AE7E4FD05E6F2" author="Fristedt" box="[514,674,1756,1783]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref28242" refString="Fristedt K. 1887. Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vegaexpedtitionens ventenskapliga iakttagelser IV: 401-471." type="book chapter" year="1887">Fristedt 1887</bibRefCitation>
), Bering Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC3806CE7E4FBB7E6F2" author="Hentschel" box="[852,1040,1756,1783]" firstAuthor="Hentschel" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="857 - 1042" refId="ref28776" refString="Hentschel E. 1929. Die Kiesel- und Hornschwamme des Nordlichen Eismeers. In: Romer F., Schaudinn F, Brauer A &amp; Arndt W. (eds), Fauna Arctica. Eine Zusammenstellung der arktischen tierformen mit besonderer berucksichtigung des Spitzbergen-Gebietes auf grund der ergebnisse der deutschen Expedition in das Nordliche: 857-1042." type="book chapter" year="1929">Hentschel 1929</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFF7FFC3876FE7E4FB13E6F3" box="[1111,1204,1756,1782]" name="Sweden" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sweden</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC387F0E7E4FAC0E6F2" author="Fristedt" box="[1224,1383,1756,1783]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref28212" refString="Fristedt K. 1885. Bidrag till Kannedomen om de vid Sveriges vestra Kust lefvande Spongiae. Kungliga Svenska vetenskapsakademiens handlingar 21 (1): 1-56." type="journal article" year="1885">Fristedt 1885</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC383FDE638FEC0E71F" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[197,359,1792,1818]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander 1942</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="E2BB766DFFF7FFC382A7E638FE58E71F" box="[415,511,1792,1818]" name="Sweden" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Sweden</collectingCountry>
, this species was common in Gullmaren fjord, between 65 and
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depth (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF7FFC383F4E61BFEDEE738" author="Alander H." bookContentInfo="Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg" box="[204,377,1827,1853]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refId="ref27154" refString="Alander H. 1942. Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters. Henrik Struves boktryckeri, Goteborg." title="Sponges from the Swedish west-coast and adjacent waters" type="book" year="1942">Alander, 1942</bibRefCitation>
), which is where we collected our specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D2B66576FFF7FFC483FDE65DFD2AE174" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC383FDE65DFE90E77A" blockId="51.[197,311,1893,1919]" box="[197,311,1893,1919]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="A8D8EAEFFFF7FFC383FDE65DFE90E77A" bold="true" box="[197,311,1893,1919]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A1336FDFFF7FFC483FDE6ABFD2AE174" blockId="51.[197,1394,1939,2001]" lastBlockId="52.[196,1391,272,369]" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
The distribution of this species is poorly known, as its small size and fragile bodies combined with its habitat (muddy bottoms) makes it difficult to detect. Furthermore, it has been reported from great depths varying from
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(
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF0FFC4813FE028FD03E12E" author="Fristedt" box="[519,676,272,299]" firstAuthor="Fristedt" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="401 - 471" refId="ref28242" refString="Fristedt K. 1887. Sponges from the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and the Behring Sea. Vegaexpedtitionens ventenskapliga iakttagelser IV: 401-471." type="book chapter" year="1887">Fristedt 1887</bibRefCitation>
) to
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depth (
<bibRefCitation id="FE3D4B0CFFF0FFC4804FE028FBBEE12E" author="Alander H." box="[887,1049,272,299]" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv for Zoologi" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 6" part="28 B" refId="ref27101" refString="Alander H. 1935. Additions to the Swedish sponge-fauna. Arkiv for Zoologi 28 B (5): 1-6." title="Additions to the Swedish sponge-fauna" type="journal article" year="1935">Alander 1935</bibRefCitation>
), which makes sampling and observation nearly impossible by any other means than dredging. The specimens here examined come from Gullmaren fjord, ca
<quantity id="5D549B18FFF0FFC482CBE06FFD9AE174" box="[499,573,343,369]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>