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<document id="047CD2A0C4B568736C9EA538598C8E4F" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.01.003" ID-ISSN="2213-2244" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668202" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1708028706086" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Izdebska, Joanna N., Rolbiecki, Leszek &amp; Bielecki, Wojciech" docDate="2022" docId="0A3387B5FFCE27351601D509BDEAFCA8" docLanguage="en" docName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.17.138-143.pdf" docOrigin="International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.01.003" docStyle="DocumentStyle:77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931.2:IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931" docStyleName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Demodex bialoviensis Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki 2022" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="142" masterDocId="F60AFFCDFFCF27311533D04CB910FFED" masterDocTitle="Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov. (Acariformes, Demodecidae) a new, specific parasite of the European bison Bison bonasus (Artiodactyla, Bovidae)" masterLastPageNumber="143" masterPageNumber="138" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1731324446921" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="DE6F333A3C1EE6C72A5CC36C3BF5D54A">Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov. (Acariformes, Demodecidae) a new, specific parasite of the European bison Bison bonasus (Artiodactyla, Bovidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="818598177B2D523D7D796AF5A799EE02">Izdebska, Joanna N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4843E4C3CB7A0AA6903FD12B8C90C729">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gda´nsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80 - 308, Gda´nsk, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8576FF412AC52C233EA2ECC58F966D5F">Rolbiecki, Leszek</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C692CF1029A0EE766466ACB62BA8041C">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gda´nsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80 - 308, Gda´nsk, Poland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="02B5383922B11AE010B1B6352954D506" type="email">leszek.rolbiecki@ug.edu.pl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="ED78050FE8F3169FBC94879934AF4D99">Bielecki, Wojciech</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="36CBDB535D171F35E70E9D8FED11290F">Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Division of Avian Diseases, Exotic Animals and Fish, Ciszewskiego 8, 02 - 786, Warsaw, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="0AF8C735251C161F20B53031DD9E155A">2022</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="CA806528FFCE27301601D509BADDFAB5" box="[818,973,1349,1368]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCE27301601D509BADDFAB5" blockId="1.[818,973,1349,1368]" box="[818,973,1349,1368]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCE27301601D509BADDFAB5" bold="true" box="[818,973,1349,1368]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">
3.1.
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCE27301651D509BADDFAB5" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[866,973,1349,1368]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">Descriptions</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CA806528FFCE27321662D531B9D9FA7E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="description">
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCE27301662D531BCC0F853" blockId="1.[818,1488,1405,1982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">
FEMALE (n =33 and
<specimenCount id="949CFD2AFFCE2730112CD531BD98FA7D" box="[1055,1160,1405,1424]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="generic" typeStatus="holotype">1 holotype</specimenCount>
): Body slender, elongated, spindleshaped, with distinctly separated gnathosoma, 239 (200268) long and wide 35 (3040) (
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCE273016EBD5F8BD3EFA2A" box="[984,1070,1460,1479]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 250 ×39). Gnathosoma rectangular (length close or greater to width at base); on dorsal surface in central part of basal (coxal) segment, pair of wedge-shaped supracoxal spines (setae
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCE27301082D5A0BA2CF9F6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">elc. p</emphasis>
) present, ca. 4.0 long (
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCE27301102D644BD97F9F6" box="[1073,1159,1544,1563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 4.0), directed medially, slightly oblique. Palps 3-segmented, terminating in three bifurcated spines (one large ca. 3.0, one medium and one small) on tibio-tarsus; conical setae
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCE27301601D610BA45F982" box="[818,853,1628,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCE27301601D610BA2CF982" bold="true" box="[818,828,1628,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">v</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCE27301679D610BA45F982" bold="true" box="[842,853,1628,1647]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">F</emphasis>
</emphasis>
near external edge of middle segment (trochanter-femur-tarsus) present. On ventral surface, horseshoe-shaped pharyngeal bulb with pair of conical subgnathosomal setae (setae
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCE27301189D6D8BDD5F94A" bold="true" box="[1210,1221,1684,1703]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">n</emphasis>
) situated anterior on both sides. Podosoma rectangular; four pairs of short legs, with coxa integrated into ventral idiosomal wall and five free, overlapping segments (trochanter-tarsus); two forked claws, ca. 5.0 long (
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCE27301020D6ABBC79F917" box="[1299,1385,1767,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 5.0), with large, pointed subterminal spur on each tarsus. Epimeral plates (coxal fields) distinctly sclerotized; pair I triangular, II-IV trapezoidal, posterior edges of pair IV deeply arched with vulva inside. On the dorsal side of podosoma podosomal shield present, with distinct vertical striation, reaching level of legs III; posterior edge convex. Opisthosoma constitutes 65% (6069%) of body length (
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCE2730115CD7C3BDD5F84F" box="[1135,1221,1935,1954]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 65%); conical, pointed or slightly rounded at end. Whole opisthosoma distinctly annulated;
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="822536A3FFCD27331557D595BAD9F9F0" blockId="2.[100,1488,1497,1565]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD27331557D595B842FA07" bold="true" box="[100,338,1497,1514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
Fig. 1.
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCD27331594D595B842FA07" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[167,338,1497,1514]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD27331594D595B842FA07" bold="true" box="[167,338,1497,1514]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Demodex bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCD27331464D596B88DFA07" box="[343,413,1498,1514]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: A, female, dorsal view; B, female, ventral view, a. vulva; C, male, dorsal view, b. aedeagus; D, deutonypmps, ventral view; E, aedeagus; F, posterior part of opisthosoma with visible opisthosomal organ; G, gnathosoma, female, ventral view, c. spines on palps, d. seta
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD2733103AD5BFBC37F9EE" box="[1289,1319,1523,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD2733103AD5BFBC02F9EE" bold="true" box="[1289,1298,1523,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">v</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD2733102ED5BFBC37F9EE" bold="true" box="[1309,1319,1523,1539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">F</emphasis>
</emphasis>
, e. subgnathosomal seta (seta
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD27331588D640B9D5F9F1" bold="true" box="[187,197,1548,1564]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">n</emphasis>
), f. pharyngeal bulb; H, gnathosoma, female, dorsal view, g. supracoxal spine (seta
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCD273316A4D640BAACF9F0" bold="true" box="[919,956,1548,1565]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">elc.p</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCD27331557D60ABBF3F940" blockId="2.[100,771,1606,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
annulation reaches level of legs III dorsally; annuli relatively wide ca. 1.52.0. Opisthosomal organ tubular-shape (ca.
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length) and is located in posterior part of opisthosoma; its posterior edge is located ca. 20 from end of opisthosoma. Vulva 12 (1017) long (
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCD2733176FD6D6BBA2F940" box="[604,690,1690,1709]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 13).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCD273315B7D6FABD79F940" blockId="2.[100,771,1606,1960]" lastBlockId="2.[818,1488,1606,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
MALE (n =12): Slightly larger and slender than female, 176 (158198) long, 31 (3035) wide. Gnathosoma shape similar to female, but smaller. Pharyngeal bulb and morphological details of gnathosoma similar to those in female, but supracoxal spines smaller (ca.
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length). Shape of podosoma and legs similar to those in female, but claws smaller (
<quantity id="45629B46FFCD27331558D70DB980F8B9" box="[107,144,1857,1876]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
length), and posterior edge of epimeral plate IV without archwise. Opisthosoma constitutes 62% (5765%) of body length; whole opisthosoma, similar to female, distinctly annulated; annuli relatively wide at ca. 1.52.0. Opisthosomal organ similar to female, but smaller, its posterior edge is located ca. 15 from end of opisthosoma. Aedeagus 21 (1829) long, on dorsal surface, located between epimeral plates II and IV. Genital opening located on dorsal surface, slightly above on border between epimeral plates I and II.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCD27331662D6FABCDFF845" blockId="2.[818,1488,1606,1960]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">DEUTONYMPH (n =5): Body elongated, club shaped, strongly tapering towards end, 202 (188218) long, 36 (3538) wide. Gnathosoma rectangular (width similar to or longer than width at base), smaller than in adults. Supracoxal spines conical, ca. 1 long, located on dorsal side at external edges of gnathosoma. Pharyngeal bulb round, subgnathosomal setae not visible. Palps 3-segmented, terminating in three small spines on tibio-tarsus. Four pairs of small, unsegmented legs, equipment with two 3-pointed claws. Four pairs of ventral scutes (I pair smaller), located between legs in middle part of podosoma. Opisthosoma</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321557D55CB8D9FAD6" blockId="3.[100,1488,1295,1339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321557D55CB98DFACC" bold="true" box="[100,157,1296,1313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
Supracoxal spines (AC), pharyngeal bulbs with subgnathosomal setae (DE), and claws on the leg tarsi (F and G).
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC27321154D55CBC01FACC" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1127,1297,1296,1313]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321154D55CBC01FACC" bold="true" box="[1127,1297,1296,1313]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Demodex bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCC27321026D55DBC4AFACC" box="[1301,1370,1297,1313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, A (female), B (male), D, F;
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC273215E4D566B86BFAD6" box="[215,379,1322,1339]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC273215E4D566B86BFAD6" bold="true" box="[215,379,1322,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Demodex bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, C, E, G.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321557D528B9D9FA7E" blockId="3.[100,769,1380,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">constitutes 66% (6368%) of body length; whole opisthosoma distinctly annulated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321557D5F4B850FA27" blockId="3.[100,320,1463,1483]" box="[100,320,1463,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321557D5F4B850FA27" bold="true" box="[100,320,1463,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">3.2. Material deposition</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC273215B7D5A3BB6AF90C" blockId="3.[100,771,1519,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<materialsCitation id="32F23CFEFFCC273215B7D5A3BB2DF9EF" box="[132,573,1519,1539]" collectedFrom="host Bison bonasus" collectingDate="2011-07" collectingDateMax="2012-12" collectingDateMin="2011-07" collectorName="J. N. Izdebska &amp; L. Rolbiecki" country="Poland" location="Bialowieza Forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" specimenCode="UGDIZPBBbDDb11f" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="12" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="949CFD2AFFCC273215B7D5A3B9D8F9EF" box="[132,200,1519,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="female">Female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCC273215FED5A3B80FF9EF" box="[205,287,1519,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(reg. no.
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)
</materialsCitation>
,
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33 female
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCC27321794D5BCBA12F9EE" box="[679,770,1520,1539]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">paratypes</typeStatus>
(reg. no.
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,
<specimenCode id="D23C9ED8FFCC27321486D647BBB2F9F3" box="[437,674,1547,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">UGDIZPBBbDDb12f 34f</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="32F23CFEFFCC27321787D647BB36F9D7" collectedFrom="host Bison bonasus" collectingDate="2011-07" collectingDateMax="2012-12" collectingDateMin="2011-07" collectorName="J. N. Izdebska &amp; L. Rolbiecki" country="Poland" location="Bialowieza Forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" specimenCode="UGDIZPBBbDDb01m 12m" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-male="12" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="949CFD2AFFCC27321787D647BA12F9F3" box="[692,770,1547,1566]" count="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="male">12 male</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="5D218801FFCC27321557D664B9AFF9D6" box="[100,191,1576,1595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">paratypes</typeStatus>
(reg. no.
<specimenCode id="D23C9ED8FFCC2732142FD66BBB0EF9D7" box="[284,542,1575,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
UGDIZPBBbDDb01m
<quantity id="45629B46FFCC273214C1D66BBB0EF9D7" box="[498,542,1575,1594]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" unit="m" value="12.0">12m</quantity>
</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
, and
<materialsCitation id="32F23CFEFFCC2732176AD66BBB66F90C" collectedFrom="host Bison bonasus" collectingDate="2011-07" collectingDateMax="2012-12" collectingDateMin="2011-07" collectorName="J. N. Izdebska &amp; L. Rolbiecki" country="Poland" location="Bialowieza Forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" specimenCode="UGDIZPBBbDDb01d 05d, MABBb01/2011, MABBb03/2011, MABBb03/2012" specimenCount="1">
<specimenCount id="949CFD2AFFCC2732176AD66BBA12F9D7" box="[601,770,1575,1594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">five deutonymphs</specimenCount>
(reg. no.
<specimenCode id="D23C9ED8FFCC2732158AD60FB8BFF9BB" box="[185,431,1603,1622]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">UGDIZPBBbDDb01d 05d</specimenCode>
); skin of the nasal region;
<collectedFrom id="3186755EFFCC27321797D60FB9BAF99F" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
host
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC273217E2D60FB9BAF99F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC273217E2D60FBA11F9BB" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[721,769,1603,1622]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bison">Bison</taxonomicName>
bonasus
</emphasis>
</collectedFrom>
(reg. no.
<specimenCode id="D23C9ED8FFCC2732143ED613B8B9F99F" box="[269,425,1631,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">MABBb01/2011</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="D23C9ED8FFCC27321487D613BB5FF99F" box="[436,591,1631,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">MABBb03/2011</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="D23C9ED8FFCC27321768D613BBE8F99F" box="[603,760,1631,1650]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">MABBb03/2012</specimenCode>
);
<location id="87456078FFCC27321557D637B81BF963" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0A3387B5FFCE27351601D509BDEAFCA8:87456078FFCC27321557D637B81BF963" box="[100,267,1658,1678]" country="Poland" name="Bialowieza ˙ Forest" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Białowieza ˙Forest</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="FA8D7633FFCC27321421D637B846F963" box="[274,342,1659,1678]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Poland</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingDate id="E660E98BFFCC2732146DD637BB6AF963" box="[350,634,1659,1678]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<date id="F6241063FFCC2732146DD637B8AAF963" box="[350,442,1659,1678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" value="2011-07">July 2011</date>
and
<date id="F6241063FFCC273214D5D637BB6AF963" box="[486,634,1659,1678]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" value="2012-12">December 2012</date>
</collectingDate>
; parasites coll.
<collectorName id="2F6F5375FFCC27321557D6DBB9F3F947" box="[100,227,1687,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">J.N. Izdebska</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="2F6F5375FFCC27321427D6DBB897F947" box="[276,391,1687,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">L. Rolbiecki</collectorName>
; deposited within the framework of the Collection of Extant Invertebrates in Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, University of Gdansk´, Poland
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA806528FFCC27321557D74AB888F880" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321557D74AB9E1F8F4" blockId="3.[100,241,1798,1817]" box="[100,241,1798,1817]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321557D74AB9E1F8F4" bold="true" box="[100,241,1798,1817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">3.3. Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC273215B7D772B888F880" blockId="3.[100,769,1854,1901]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC2732146BD772B8ADF8BC" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[344,445,1854,1873]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC2732146BD772B8ADF8BC" bold="true" box="[344,445,1854,1873]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the geographic name (Białowie˙za) of the host locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA806528FFCC27321601D528BD40F9F3" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321601D528BD8BFA9A" blockId="3.[818,1179,1380,1399]" box="[818,1179,1380,1399]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<heading id="D96D81CFFFCC27321601D528BD8BFA9A" box="[818,1179,1380,1399]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321601D528BD8BFA9A" bold="true" box="[818,1179,1380,1399]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">3.4. Infestation and location in the host</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321662D5D7BD40F9F3" blockId="3.[818,1488,1435,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC27321662D5D7BD00FA43" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[849,1040,1435,1454]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321662D5D7BD00FA43" bold="true" box="[849,1040,1435,1454]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Demodex bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCC2732112BD5D0BD74FA42" box="[1048,1124,1436,1455]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was noted in 3 (prevalence 25%) European bison, with a density of 1.9 per
<quantity id="45629B46FFCC273211ACD5F4BDDCFA26" box="[1183,1228,1464,1483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
<superScript id="75EF9BEBFFCC273211FFD5FEBDC5FA2D" attach="left" box="[1228,1237,1458,1472]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">2</superScript>
; 51 (
<specimenCount id="949CFD2AFFCC27321036D5F4BC4CFA26" box="[1285,1372,1464,1483]" count="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="male">12 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="949CFD2AFFCC27321057D5F4BCDCFA26" box="[1380,1484,1464,1483]" count="34" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="female">34 females</specimenCount>
, and 5 deutonymphs) individuals were noted. The demodecid mites were found in the nasal skin region. The observed mites did not cause any skin lesions in the examined bison.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CA806528FFCC27351601D610BDEAFCA8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="142" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321601D610BD0EF982" blockId="3.[818,1054,1628,1647]" box="[818,1054,1628,1647]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
<heading id="D96D81CFFFCC27321601D610BD0EF982" box="[818,1054,1628,1647]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321601D610BD0EF982" bold="true" box="[818,1054,1628,1647]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">3.5. Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321662D6D8BDC9F8FB" blockId="3.[818,1488,1683,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
Compared to
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC273216E6D6D8BD5EF94B" box="[981,1102,1683,1703]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC273216E6D6D8BD5EF94B" bold="true" box="[981,1102,1683,1703]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
previously described in bison (
<bibRefCitation id="E60B4B52FFCC2732104DD6D8BAF6F92F" author="Kadulski, S. &amp; Izdebska, J. N." pageId="3" pageNumber="141" pagination="103 - 110" refId="ref5784" refString="Kadulski, S., Izdebska, J. N., 1996. Demodex bisonianus sp. nov. (Acari, Demodicidae) a new parasite of the bison (Bison bonasus L.). Wiad. Parazytol. 42, 103 - 110." type="journal article" year="1996">Kadulski and Izdebska, 1996</bibRefCitation>
; Izdebska, unpublished data),
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC27321030D6FCBC92F92F" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1283,1410,1711,1731]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321030D6FCBC92F92F" bold="true" box="[1283,1410,1711,1731]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCC273210B4D6FCBCC0F92E" box="[1415,1488,1712,1731]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is much smaller, with a different body shape and proportions. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC27321651D6A4BAF1F917" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[866,993,1767,1787]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321651D6A4BAF1F917" bold="true" box="[866,993,1767,1787]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCC273216D4D6A4BD21F916" box="[999,1073,1768,1787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
shows a clear sexual dimorphism: the males are much smaller (
<tableCitation id="CF180318FFCC273216D0D74FBD22F8FB" box="[995,1074,1795,1814]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="1.[100,150,150,166]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Table 1 Body size (micrometers) for adults and deutonymphs of Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov." pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Tables 1</tableCitation>
and
<tableCitation id="CF180318FFCC27321151D74FBD7EF8FB" box="[1122,1134,1795,1814]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="1.[100,150,658,674]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Table 2 Morphometric comparison between Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov. and Demodex bisonianus." pageId="3" pageNumber="141">2</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1AA12A26FFCC27321149D74FBDDCF8FB" box="[1146,1228,1795,1814]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="2.[100,130,1497,1514]" captionStartId-1="3.[100,130,1296,1313]" captionStartId-2="4.[100,130,1576,1593]" captionTargetBox-0="[341,1248,150,1469]" captionTargetBox-1="[339,1247,149,1268]" captionTargetBox-2="[108,766,150,1547]" captionTargetId-0="figure-309@2.[339,1249,148,1470]" captionTargetId-1="figure-333@3.[338,1248,148,1269]" captionTargetId-2="figure-880@4.[106,767,148,1549]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov.: A, female, dorsal view; B, female, ventral view, a. vulva; C, male, dorsal view, b. aedeagus; D, deutonypmps, ventral view; E, aedeagus; F, posterior part of opisthosoma with visible opisthosomal organ; G, gnathosoma, female, ventral view, c. spines on palps, d. seta v”F, e. subgnathosomal seta (seta n), f. pharyngeal bulb; H, gnathosoma, female, dorsal view, g. supracoxal spine (seta elc.p)." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Supracoxal spines (AC), pharyngeal bulbs with subgnathosomal setae (DE), and claws on the leg tarsi (F and G). Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov., A (female), B (male), D, F; Demodex bisonianus, C, E, G." captionText-2="Fig. 3. Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov. (A, male; B, female) and Demodex bisonianus (C, female), scaled." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668204" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668208" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668210" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10668204/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10668208/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10668210/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">Fig. 1 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCC27321662D753BCC0F853" blockId="3.[818,1488,1683,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">
The gnathosoma of
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC27321121D753BD9CF8DF" box="[1042,1164,1823,1842]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321121D753BD9CF8DF" bold="true" box="[1042,1164,1823,1842]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is trapezoidal, with a length less than the width at the base; in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC27321164D777BDC8F8A3" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1111,1240,1851,1870]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC27321164D777BDC8F8A3" bold="true" box="[1111,1240,1851,1870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCC273211D3D777BC3BF8A3" box="[1248,1323,1851,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
it is rectangular, almost square, with a length close to the width at the base. Supracoxal spines in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC273216A7D73FBD00F868" box="[916,1040,1906,1926]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC273216A7D73FBD00F868" bold="true" box="[916,1040,1906,1926]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are relatively small, conical, situated in the anterior part of the basal segment of gnathosoma, directed vertically, while in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCC273216B1D7E7BD11F850" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[898,1025,1962,1982]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCC273216B1D7E7BD11F850" bold="true" box="[898,1025,1962,1982]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="141">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCC27321135D7E7BD5FF853" box="[1030,1103,1963,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="141" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
they are relatively larger, wedge-shaped,
</paragraph>
<caption id="D6E5662BFFCB27351557D664B855F9BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668210" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668210/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" startId="4.[100,130,1576,1593]" targetBox="[108,766,150,1547]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCB27351557D664B855F9BE" blockId="4.[100,769,1575,1619]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351557D664B846F9D4" bold="true" box="[100,342,1576,1594]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">
Fig. 3.
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735159AD664B846F9D4" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[169,342,1576,1593]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735159AD664B846F9D4" bold="true" box="[169,342,1576,1593]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">Demodex bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB2735146DD665B8B4F9D4" box="[350,420,1577,1593]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A, male; B, female) and
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273517B9D664B988F9BE" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273517B9D664B988F9BE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">Demodex bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(C, female), scaled.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCB27351557D630BA13F84B" blockId="4.[100,771,1660,1959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">
situated in the central part of the basal segment and directed horizontally (medially and slightly oblique). On the terminal segments of the palpi, two larger spines and one small spine are present in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273517B6D6F8BBECF92A" box="[645,764,1716,1735]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273517B6D6F8BBECF92A" bold="true" box="[645,764,1716,1735]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and three forked spines of different sizes in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351716D69CBBB9F90F" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[549,681,1743,1763]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351716D69CBBB9F90F" bold="true" box="[549,681,1743,1763]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB27351787D69CBA13F90E" box="[692,771,1744,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Subgnathosomal setae are located on the both sides in the lower half of the pharyngeal bulb in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735147ED744B8D7F8F7" box="[333,455,1799,1819]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735147ED744B8D7F8F7" bold="true" box="[333,455,1799,1819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and at the anterior part of the pharyngeal bulb in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735142CD768B88FF8DB" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[287,415,1827,1847]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735142CD768B88FF8DB" bold="true" box="[287,415,1827,1847]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB27351496D768B8E1F8DA" box="[421,497,1828,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The legs of
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351756D768BBCDF8DB" box="[613,733,1827,1847]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351756D768BBCDF8DB" bold="true" box="[613,733,1827,1847]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very massive, clearly projecting beyond the margin of the podosoma, and the tarsi of the legs are equipped with very large (ca. 910 long), strongly forked claws; in contrast, the legs of
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351723D734BB9FF867" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[528,655,1911,1931]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351723D734BB9FF867" bold="true" box="[528,655,1911,1931]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB273517A6D734BBCFF866" box="[661,735,1912,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are relatively smaller, with more delicate (45 long) and less forked claws.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCB27351601D0D8BC72FE53" blockId="4.[818,1488,147,837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">
The posterior edges of the IV pair of epimeral plates in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351066D0D8BCDFFF4B" box="[1365,1487,147,167]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351066D0D8BCDFFF4B" bold="true" box="[1365,1487,147,167]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females is V-shaped, while in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735117AD0FCBDD8FF2F" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1097,1224,175,195]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735117AD0FCBDD8FF2F" bold="true" box="[1097,1224,175,195]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB273511FDD0FCBC08FF2E" box="[1230,1304,176,195]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
it is deeply arched. The aedeagus of
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273516FCD080BD56FF33" box="[975,1094,203,223]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273516FCD080BD56FF33" bold="true" box="[975,1094,203,223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males is much longer, located at the level of the II-III pair of epimeral plates, while in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273511E6D0A4BC45FF17" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1237,1365,231,251]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273511E6D0A4BC45FF17" bold="true" box="[1237,1365,231,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB2735106FD0A4BCB6FF16" box="[1372,1446,232,251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
it is shorter, stocky and located at the level of the II-IV pair of plates. The opisthosoma is narrow and long, cylindrical, rounded at the end in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351601D177BAB9FEA3" box="[818,937,315,334]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351601D177BAB9FEA3" bold="true" box="[818,937,315,334]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but tapers distinctly posteriorly in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273511CCD177BC6FFEA3" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1279,1407,315,334]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273511CCD177BC6FFEA3" bold="true" box="[1279,1407,315,334]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB273510B6D177BCDBFEA3" box="[1413,1483,315,334]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
, with a sharp or slightly rounded end. The opisthosomal organ is absent in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735167AD13FBAAFFE68" box="[841,959,370,390]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735167AD13FBAAFFE68" bold="true" box="[841,959,370,390]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but present in
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735117DD13FBDDCFE68" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1102,1228,370,390]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735117DD13FBDDCFE68" bold="true" box="[1102,1228,370,390]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The typical microhabitat is also different:
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735168CD1C3BD2AFE4C" box="[959,1082,398,418]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisonianus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735168CD1C3BD2AFE4C" bold="true" box="[959,1082,398,418]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bisonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in the Meibomian glands of the eyelids, and
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735169BD1E7BD38FE50" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[936,1064,426,446]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735169BD1E7BD38FE50" bold="true" box="[936,1064,426,446]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB2735111DD1E7BD69FE53" box="[1070,1145,427,446]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in the nasal skin region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="822536A3FFCB27351662D18BBDEAFCA8" blockId="4.[818,1488,147,837]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">
In contrast, the shape of
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735117AD18BBDDBFE34" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[1097,1227,454,474]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735117AD18BBDDBFE34" bold="true" box="[1097,1227,454,474]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB273511E7D18BBC31FE37" box="[1236,1313,455,474]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351601D1AFBD11FE18" authority="Bukkva, 1986" authorityName="Bukkva" authorityYear="1986" box="[818,1025,482,502]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauri">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351601D1AFBA67FE18" bold="true" box="[818,887,482,502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. tauri</emphasis>
Bukkva, 1986
</taxonomicName>
from domestic cattle
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273511E0D1AFBCDCFE18" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1235,1484,482,502]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taurus">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273511E0D1AFBC22FE1B" bold="true" box="[1235,1330,483,502]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">Bos taurus</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB273516A6D1B3BACDFDFC" authorityName="Bukkva" authorityYear="1986" box="[917,989,510,530]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauri">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB273516A6D1B3BACDFDFC" bold="true" box="[917,989,510,530]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. tauri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is smaller, differs with regard to the shape of the gnathosoma (
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351681D256BAE8FDC0" authorityName="Bukkva" authorityYear="1986" box="[946,1016,538,557]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauri">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351681D256BAE8FDC0" bold="true" box="[946,1016,538,557]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. tauri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rectangular, length less than width at the base;
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351601D27ABABFFDA4" authority="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki, 2022" authorityName="Izdebska &amp; Rolbiecki &amp; Bielecki" authorityYear="2022" box="[818,943,566,585]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bialoviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351601D27ABABFFDA4" bold="true" box="[818,943,566,585]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. bialoviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ABDD57CAFFCB27351687D27BBAECFDA7" box="[948,1020,567,586]" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
square with width close to length, if rectangular, length greater than width at base), and important taxonomic features, such as the location and shape of supracoxal spines (
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735101AD222BC7CFD6C" authorityName="Bukkva" authorityYear="1986" box="[1321,1388,622,641]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauri">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735101AD222BC7CFD6C" bold="true" box="[1321,1388,622,641]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">T. tauri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
smaller, spatulate), spines on palpi (
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB2735110BD2C6BD6DFD70" authorityName="Bukkva" authorityYear="1986" box="[1080,1149,650,669]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauri">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB2735110BD2C6BD6DFD70" bold="true" box="[1080,1149,650,669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. tauri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2 similar, forked and one single), and the subgnathosomal setae (
<taxonomicName id="459A4D20FFCB27351166D2EABD88FD54" authorityName="Bukkva" authorityYear="1986" box="[1109,1176,678,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Demodecidae" genus="Demodex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="142" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauri">
<emphasis id="B0EEEAB1FFCB27351166D2EABD88FD54" bold="true" box="[1109,1176,678,697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="142">D. tauri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
elongated structures located on both sides of the middle part of the pharyngeal bulb are visible); the shape of epimeral plates is also different, especially the IV pair of the female, only being slightly arched at the posterior edges; the shape of the aedeagus (straight, narrower, located a slightly lower). In addition, its typical microhabitat is the skin around the eyes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>