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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032758" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora_zarhyncha" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
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<treatment id="96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032758" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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<taxonomicName id="0E1AD0764BDC451468C69A63184D84CC" ID-CoL="3B9MB" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora_zarhyncha" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
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Figs 5E9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="2C0986CF61922A531FD081D1E6E17A37" originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="B364B30ADE57C3C5128361938B5B8152" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="304C5763789EDC5763C4A7AE1619D07F" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="999AD492B1E6DAEC2DA49AE4A4BEF717" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 539-541, pl. 68, pl. 69, fig. 1.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D5E9F83E7DD860FA6ABDFDAF063F1CA2" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 58.-Thomson and Chow 1955: 23, 30 (mineralogy).-Not
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9A7D16E12ADB6C8202F0EA9BBBC97116" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 559.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BD5FDEE776B625C625DF9850015FD00D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 377 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lowe, TP" journalOrPublisher="MS thesis, Washington DC, USA, George Washington University, Washington D. C." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="A Comparative Study of Stony Hydroids, Order Stylasterina, of Southern South America and Adjacent Antarctic Regions." year="1967">Lowe 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="896E80EC5067BF4D71D3813C7627ECDE" author="Lowe, TP" journalOrPublisher="MS thesis, Washington DC, USA, George Washington University, Washington D. C." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="A Comparative Study of Stony Hydroids, Order Stylasterina, of Southern South America and Adjacent Antarctic Regions." year="1967">Lowe 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 82.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="79649A09FC2BA541EC22FBC8B974E47D" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 462.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FED18D348EC2791A0FFC902191785235" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 100-101 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3A0538B9F4DA96A478B7989F70B54434" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 43 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7F734C0FBBB1F56EC8AF9B16F1BACEC" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0B1407EF1020C8F7CCB8FE690BDE2E4B" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:27, 57, fig. 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="940BFF18A841ECA73038A6984CFB5BBF" author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 123-127, fig. 4.2D, 4.10, 4.20 (redescription, key).
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">-</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="8F8C95028E1E93272DCAF37C1178D016" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">-</pageBreakToken>
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||||
<bibRefCitation id="5DF797407EEA7B881A840006AB52B42D" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BA037520D4C25921C1CEF1AE16249375" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="135365AE2F80C5E2DBDB0EE45F7C9B4E" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="020C51C951D5A5F14788880C15E8A232" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 3 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhincha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhincha">Errinopora zarhincha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F84CAF4CA78AF9A6CCC1C013D3B993B5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96A7BA4A29FE5AD46C4821973A751E5C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhincha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhincha">Errinopora zarhincha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="488EB96797D5A26781FDCDA1F3FEC043" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 382-383 (misspelling).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="0DA93A3434D473583E95B0FA8E718F9D" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="952E72B286FFA7F43DC3CD0747B75C04" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="102434D8C5DFDE753DD9C1481DC5059A" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Holotype, Alb-3480, a dry male colony 14 cm in height, USNM 42874 (Fig. 5E). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 3 dry female branches, USNM 52247; Alb-3480, 1 branch, CAS 28186. Type locality.Alb-3480:
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="5E30296109B48F4A5E29FA703FD20801" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="94B949139C6137A31338C333D40D1914" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
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||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="83D305C3C2ACECA487086BB402E36F48" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7172956DF3BE007766D198A486674841" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B184E63385CFD2FC9E4CB24CE112A746" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Shishaldin, 53°56'24'N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="87E4354174938A83C62C5CEBBC76A089" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 318 m, 14 May 2000, 1 male, USNM 1123447; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.90139">54°54'05"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="608AF74277BA120F5498C8F2BC29B398" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.90139">54°54'05"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.62117">178°37.27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AD7C20A9EB398201CBFB6D769F4C6DED" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.62117">178°37.27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 410 m, 11 Feb 2000, 3 female branches, and SEM stubs 1542-43, USNM 1123448; Vesteraalen 941-59,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.033333">52°02'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2498246A5EFDCDB1E793A4649F00DA72" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.033333">52°02'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.2">172°12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D9FEEC4F6264D647A246854E38369A72" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.2">172°12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 658 m, 14 Jun 1994, 3 branches of a female colony, both dry and in alcohol, USNM 96234; Vesteraalen 941-62,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.966667">51°58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EDF0F77F6CE3561821567D6404CA3700" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.966667">51°58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.66667">172°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B5AA6F1D7CE18F4B04960BF65D5FCC24" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.66667">172°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 207 m, 15 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96233; Vesteraalen,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22139">51°13'17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="042BDDFA61C83ADB610AF09158E02AEC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22139">51°13'17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.09917">179°05'57"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="77EF7859E64374EAEB0157B3FEC1CF44" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.09917">179°05'57"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 488 m, 4 Jun 2000, 1 male, USNM 1071915;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22861">51°13'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F2A420CC4FB5A365149FD30AC0EE46A6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22861">51°13'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9FD09721E7E8940325D92A4C926EE4A2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 465-529 m, 13 Jun 2000, large male colony, USNM 1123446; Types.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="63F81B2F6FB7867A3F771751366911F6" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="533FA25F53E1D6F418D7E1F10F37FB12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9C42F1D2E41CF44EF88D7CE4249E9240" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Colonies uniplanar or multiplanar, robust, with fairly close dichotomous branching, leaving little space between branches; branch anastomosis occurs but uncommon. Largest colony 26 cm in height and 27 cm in width, with a massive basal branch 4.3 cm in diameter (USNM 1123446). Branches circular to slightly flattened in cross section, attenuating to thick (7-15 mm in diameter), blunt tips. Parasitic spionid polychaete worms form tubes along branch axes in two colonies (USNM 96233, 96234), the tubes Fig. 8 in cross section. Coenosteum quite porous in texture (Fig. 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0E18585058723D535E327960436B3C43" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), consisting of a reticulum of thin (25
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3849CCD7A5F0E5BAFC1357902331BBF9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), spinose ridges, separated by wide slits or series of pores. This texture also present on ampullae and dactylopore spines, in the latter the coenosteal strips forming longitudinal ridges. Coenosteum orange.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F99D30114081830B7BAFAEDE2727B91B" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Dactylopore spines occur on all branch surfaces and are quite variable in orientation, sometimes forming rows of 10-13 spines laterally fused into a short tier on one side of a pore row (unilaterally), the dactylotomes usually facing upward (abcauline), but dactylopore spines also oriented with their dactylotomes facing downward (adcauline) or laterally, and occasionally are isolated; compound dactylopore spines common. Dactylopore spines quite large and thick-walled, up to 3 mm in height and 1.5 mm in width, the dactylotome occupying one-fourth to one-third width of spine; exterior surface longitudinally ridged. Small, circular, flush secondary dactylopores, measuring only 0.08-0.11 mm in diameter, occur on walls of dactylopore spines, often several on each spine. Whereas dactylopore spines are quite large, dactylostyles are small and thin, only about 30-35 um in width, bearing short spines up to 23
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C859B6B8B3E9431C5005FA55771607A4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in length and 14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="08BB564A34ECA37FBB71AD1903DBC678" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="042A664F1067E00A1AACB81077C8C04C" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Gastropores circular and quite variable in size, up to 1.1 mm in diameter, often arranged linearly in valleys created by adjacent rows of dactylopores. Large gastropores often sit directly adjacent to much smaller ones; secondary gastropores about 0.38 mm in diameter. Gastropore fairly shallow, lacking a ring palisade, affording an easy view of base of pore, as the gastrostyle occupies only a small part of gastropore cavity. Ga
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">strostyles</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="1C8B7D343CF40A69A022CCE0AB6D83F9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">strostyles</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
lanceolate and slender, up to 0.9 mm in height, and bear longitudinal anastomosing ridges, the gastrostyle size commensurate with diameter of gastropore tube.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<paragraph id="009F48C3A2D2F9AC5638EE34382EAAF7" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
Female ampullae inconspicuous (Fig. 9J) and not common, rarely seen in cross section branch fracture. Female ampullae hemispherical, often overshadowed by tall
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">dactylopore</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="F1F3904AF02C1D486F64AC53213965D8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">dactylopore</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
spines or becoming incorporated into dactylopore spines. Efferent pores elusive; when detectable they are lateral in position, and about 0.7 mm in diameter, but more often a spent female ampulla lacks its upper half or is simply a crater in the coenosteum, a function of its thin, porous coenosteal cover. Male ampullae equally inconspicuous (Fig. 9C), roughly hemispherical, highly porous, and only about 0.6-0.7 mm in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="921F3F7323CB02726FA5A15AB6764ACD" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DA202D5A62775D4F9B32B040BCDB2B5B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D19D26C5177FF273AF9F5576947200E2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB2A286695831DAF6C74961331154CFD" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of three species in the genus having a predominantly unilateral arrangement of dactylopore spines in which only one row of laterally fused spines (usually the proximal row) have their dactylotomes facing a gastropore or gastropore row, the other species being
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2A72F639AC64F33CB0385A9BFAE48AAF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="79627CECE97138352EEF4256EB618D69" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see Dichotomous Key and Table 1).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D13FAA6476C3AF6707103C3A7C4FEAE5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from the other two species in having very tall dactylopore spines, relatively small dactylostyles, large robust colonies, and gastropore tubes that are much larger than their gastrostyles (see Dichotomous Key and Table 1).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1CB6AA57CED5776EB9EA726C3D3ACCD2" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported this species from the Kurile Islands, but based on his description in which he reports gastropore diameters of only 0.20-0.25 mm and dactylopore spines only 0.6 mm in height, we conclude that he is referring to a different, and as yet unknown species. Of the 8 lots of specimens examined, 4 are female, and 4 male. Coralla were determined to be calcitic by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F7DCB3EBB94277354C7F555624BAC751" author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B322D58145C715BA95D7D34BF268914F" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Endemic to Aleutian Islands in a somewhat disjunct distribution: Amchitka Pass, Bowers Bank, and off Seguam Island; 207-658 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3E416B7BBA6EBA2DFFBF09C43681BBAC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0152F29A9EDD1663F03FD33D449C437" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0700AC2A74455ADC81724621418217D" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Endemic to Aleutian Islands in a somewhat disjunct distribution: Amchitka Pass, Bowers Bank, and off Seguam Island; 207-658 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="88DD1F6E4B8015CD0539D46D9A1E2474" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="215CAA6D82BD388C9302DA50D6DBCCED" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Figure 9.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CE10B6495559B9680871CF02C64FEDE5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AB325EFFF283C61641624E4F466044C4" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A53F5A0B43682456BFDB16A9FBAFA19C" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
male from USNM 1071915, J female from USNM 1123448:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="863FF1EDC32BA106936818F37D4868EC" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
branch surface showing tall dactylopore spines, gastropores, and ruptured male ampullae in figure C D stereo view of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gastro–">gastro-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C4B1A76B9400AB566A941CF11EEE71D9" originalValue="gastro–">gastro-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and dactylostyles and dactylopore spines
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="32EAFAC84839776BAD18B96B2C535D43" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture I lateral view of a gastrostyle J female ampulla K dactylotome of a dactylopore spine L dactylostyle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue