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<taxonomicName id="84453F3E65ED4D629F1844E828642650" ID-CoL="6RVDL" ID-ENA="683967" authority="Walker, 1839" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Necremnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Necremnus tidius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tidius">Necremnus tidius (Walker, 1839)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="2E58E770B0CC07CF27D052F893461919" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<taxonomicName id="2923845FD711EA6589CB71B536E46776" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eulophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulophus tidius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tidius">Eulophus tidius</taxonomicName>
Walker, 1839
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="392425CDD0764705EB92492076B2B406" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<taxonomicName id="8A59E1E56770FB241A6FB38A81CE8087" genus="Chalcidoidea" lsidName="Chalcidoidea metanira" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="metanira">metanira</taxonomicName>
(Walker, 1839,
<taxonomicName id="A4842F3AC3AC8F80F3887F3ECDB5D448" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eulophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulophus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eulophus</taxonomicName>
)
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<taxonomicName id="CDE0EB8A7220ED2DFAAC772B7CE2FE7E" genus="Chalcidoidea" lsidName="Chalcidoidea zeugma" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="zeugma">zeugma</taxonomicName>
(Walker, 1839,
<taxonomicName id="34044965BB551D156CD07A3001BB6C7B" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eulophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulophus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eulophus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6A391147289E09148D9B1B9EBB80774" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<taxonomicName id="D03DBCF68AB2C13CAFD0FA2CE9B34C08" genus="Chalcidoidea" lsidName="Chalcidoidea mamurius" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="mamurius">mamurius</taxonomicName>
(Walker, 1848,
<taxonomicName id="2830E1416F6BFB6BEC551542F5EA2E70" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eulophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulophus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eulophus</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2B18784C21DE5ABE350D2BC1FB9EFEC" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<taxonomicName id="A19542AF653869E82F83EC73C76738D5" genus="Chalcidoidea" lsidName="Chalcidoidea duplicatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="duplicatus">duplicatus</taxonomicName>
Gahan, 1941
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="200913FB838426CAF1141EF565F5766C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AAC55393DEE2F3E71CB3FD0ABB4EB6DB" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">England</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C8AD27B84F55CED96E417485493AFE97" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" type="notes">
<paragraph id="25F1FE1B5E116A4A13E3B2F42CA991D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D502C75FA6FA89007011890DD5DFDD7" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<taxonomicName id="C69DC0AE7D39B2A71BA015CED5B169F0" lsidName="N. hippia" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="hippia">N. hippia</taxonomicName>
(Walker, 1839,
<taxonomicName id="7BA03C2B8BE61CA85D2E28CC59113F19" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Eulophus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulophus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eulophus</taxonomicName>
) was removed from synonymy under
<taxonomicName id="FE705B0CFE6FF1E3ED69F361ECDE3E5E" lsidName="N. tidius" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="tidius">N. tidius</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="6996AD3A1B64108C9D4FAD794E0AD33F" author="Gebiola, Marco" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" pagination="352 - 423" title="An integrative study of Necremnus Thomson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with invasive pests in Europe and North America: taxonomic and ecological implications" volume="173" year="2015">Gebiola et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
; there is no evidence that
<taxonomicName id="F96DDAFD37DE5F68241F4C2F70732A97" lsidName="N. hippia" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="hippia">N. hippia</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from Britain as Walker did not specify a type locality and only a
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was described as having being collected from near London, which is not equivalent to
<taxonomicName id="8622983714D743652B8978E39E98F359" lsidName="N. hippia" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" rank="species" species="hippia">N. hippia</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="129807DD7A8B59205967BEC6E7A3E247" author="Gebiola, Marco" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" pagination="352 - 423" title="An integrative study of Necremnus Thomson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with invasive pests in Europe and North America: taxonomic and ecological implications" volume="173" year="2015">Gebiola et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName LSID="16D9256C-2E08-C44F-D79D-E9EBA7AC307F" authority="Vieillot" authorityName="Vieillot" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cuculus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cuculus variegatus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">Cuculus variegatus Vieillot</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cuculus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cuculus variegatus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">Cuculus variegatus</taxonomicName>
Vieillot, 1817,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
Nouv. Dict. Nat.
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. 8: 224 (Australasie).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latham" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Heteroscenes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroscenes pallidus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Heteroscenes pallidus</taxonomicName>
(Latham, 1801). See
<bibRefCitation author="Mathews, GM" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Zoologicae" pageId="14" pageNumber="481" refId="B36" refString="Mathews, GM, 1913. The birds of Australia, vol. 3. H. F. and G. Witherby, London." title="The birds of Australia, vol. 3. H. F. and G. Witherby, London." year="1913">Mathews 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 154,
<bibRefCitation author="Hellmayr, CA" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Zoologicae" pageId="14" pageNumber="481" pagination="96 - 111" refId="B20" refString="Hellmayr, CA, 1916. Weiteres zur Avifauna von Timor. Novitates Zoologicae 23: 96 - 111" title="Weiteres zur Avifauna von Timor." volume="23" year="1916">Hellmayr 1916</bibRefCitation>
: 110 and
<bibRefCitation author="Voisin, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystema" pageId="15" pageNumber="482" pagination="379 - 402" refId="B72" refString="Voisin, C, Voisin, J-F, 1999. Liste des types d'oiseaux des collections du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. 6: Coucous (Cuculidae). Zoosystema 21: 379 - 402" title="Liste des types d'oiseaux des collections du Museum National d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. 6: Coucous (Cuculidae)." volume="21" year="1999">Voisin and Voisin 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 392. - Now.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="470">Type materials.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
SYNTYPE: MNHN-ZO-MO-1997-1224 [MNHN A.C. 1954], immature, collected near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor (
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-10.183333">10°11'0&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="123.583336">123°35'0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by
<normalizedToken originalValue="René">Rene</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maugé">Mauge</normalizedToken>
.
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Pedestal underside:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
Timor / M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maugé">Mauge</normalizedToken>
/ 1954 /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Christidis &amp; Boles" authorityYear="2008" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cacomantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cacomantis pallidus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Cacomantis pallidus</taxonomicName>
/ Lath. /
<taxonomicName class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cacomantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cacomantis variegatus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">Cacomantis variegatus</taxonomicName>
/ Vieill
</emphasis>
. Type. Pedestal label:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
Cacomantis
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latham" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Heteroscenes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroscenes pallidus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Heteroscenes pallidus</taxonomicName>
/ Lath, / M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maugé">Mauge</normalizedToken>
/ Timor
</emphasis>
.
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SYNTYPE: MNHN-ZO-2014-426 [MNHN A.C. 1956], immature, collected near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor (
<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="-10.183333">10°11'0&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="123.583336">123°35'0&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by
<normalizedToken originalValue="René">Rene</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maugé">Mauge</normalizedToken>
.
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Pedestal underside:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
Timor / M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Maugé">Mauge</normalizedToken>
/ 1956 /
<taxonomicName authorityName="Christidis &amp; Boles" authorityYear="2008" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cacomantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cacomantis pallidus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Cacomantis pallidus</taxonomicName>
/ Lath
</emphasis>
. Pedestal label:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Christidis &amp; Boles" authorityYear="2008" class="Aves" family="Cuculidae" genus="Cacomantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cacomantis pallidus" order="Cuculiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">Cacomantis pallidus</taxonomicName>
/ (Lath.) / M.
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Timor
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="470" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="470">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
Vieillot does not mention the number of birds examined, but his description mentions both adults and immature birds, so clearly more birds were involved. He also does not mention which collection were used, but as most of the birds he examined for his contributions to the
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
Nouveau Dictionnaire
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Naturelle
</emphasis>
(1816-19) were housed in the MNHN, it can safely be assumed that this is where he made his description. The MNHN specimens were catalogued around 1854 (MNHN Laboratory, ZMO-GalOis 1) and were the only specimens in the MNHN for a long time. They were followed by a bird collected on the
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">
<normalizedToken originalValue="L’Uranie">L'Uranie</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
voyage captained by Louis de Freycinet (1817-1820). The type locality is erroneous (Australasie), and therefore corrected and restricted to: West-Timor, near Kupang Bay (article 76a.2.A (ICZN 1999)). Vieillot named this species
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="470">Cuculus variegatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
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(
<bibRefCitation author="Jobling, JA" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Series" pageId="14" pageNumber="481" publicationUrl="www.hbw.com" refId="B32" refString="Jobling, JA, 2017 2017. Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. In: del HoyoJElliottASargatalJChristieDAde JuanaE (Eds) (2017) Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. www.hbw.com" title="Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. In: del HoyoJElliottASargatalJChristieDAde JuanaE (Eds) (2017) Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona." url="www.hbw.com" year="2017">Jobling 2017</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

160
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L.
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<paragraph id="B2CF3ADB8527B417C385D41992CCD39A" pageId="null" pageNumber="690">Buche</paragraph>
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grau. An den aufrechten Langtrieben
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(
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Die Gattung
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12 Arten, die in den
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Zonen der
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(davon 7 Arten in Ostasien). In
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grenzt ans Verbreitungsgebiet von
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<emphasis id="457BD2D10BBF8BA5C830889FAE3F8699" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="690">F. silvatica</emphasis>
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die
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<emphasis id="9E3ECA5D7E8EA115F9B5C1F6DF71E08F" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="690">F. orientalis</emphasis>
Lipsky
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und am
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der Karpaten
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Popl. Verbreitungskarten
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der 12 Arten von Meusel (1964).
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