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442 ++ .../C7/160AC713C6F8FF0B2A9C9965373C7AC5.xml | 219 + .../C7/160AC713C6FAFF142A9C9CA537F77DC1.xml | 374 ++ .../C7/160AC713C6FCFF0C2A9C981C374C7F31.xml | 321 ++ .../C7/160AC713C6FDFF092A9C99CB33C07C85.xml | 318 ++ .../C8/160AC883FC7952A7153882987CDFB167.xml | 97 + .../FC/160AFC893AA59D5416C8E170D6D487C5.xml | 52 + .../39/160B394D387C5003946F763CC6FF81F2.xml | 117 + .../A3/160BA32D8C7458FDA7F6B98739996D13.xml | 80 + .../42/160C420E07EB2D32F50A7777B4F0C1E8.xml | 65 + .../54/160C54837FDDF8BF24EDBBA660645513.xml | 90 + .../AF/160CAF6948425F87B8E104CDF789ACF4.xml | 70 + .../C7/160CC7F5D7202D6E3655D4CC85C0EFBE.xml | 108 + .../3B/160D3B7AD479A9A817B6BCACF31A7C43.xml | 130 + .../A2/160DA229C741FF543D5CF3C4767F43E6.xml | 92 + .../E1/160DE1D6EB3BA7DBC8EBDCD5ACA2E161.xml | 72 + .../08/160E08E150F6B5E6A5C1A0E0FBFAB4B0.xml | 191 + .../F4/160EF44F823C80A918341B0C5BAF7154.xml | 72 + .../14/160F149C926E4193F86877BCF7B25DEE.xml | 125 + .../50/160F50414B32B0210D605913A4A69CB2.xml | 208 + 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666 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA150A7EFF54FA1FFD38593C.xml | 1046 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA160A71FF54FAB1FD0E5F5A.xml | 401 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA190A7AFF54FAFEFCB15B18.xml | 818 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA1A0A7DFF54FC25FE1A5F08.xml | 435 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA1C0A65FF54FDBAFE035B60.xml | 1050 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA1D0A78FF54F9AFFC585BD4.xml | 332 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FC82FCB55FB0.xml | 209 + .../87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FF38FE1A58D9.xml | 179 + .../87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FB86FD0D5D6E.xml | 262 + .../87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FEC1FA9659D2.xml | 186 + .../87/161B87CDBA200A41FF54FA09FCD85B18.xml | 563 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA210A44FF54FA41FE1A5F50.xml | 411 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA220A45FF54FC25FAEF5F98.xml | 520 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA230A46FF54F945FB24593C.xml | 202 + .../87/161B87CDBA240A4EFF54FF38FB995CDE.xml | 715 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA250A41FF54FEC1FD605DAC.xml | 361 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA280A4AFF54F8E8FE9F5D00.xml | 551 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA2A0A4CFF54F88AFDB35D06.xml | 620 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA2E0A76FF54F8F9FD9E59D0.xml | 1169 +++++ .../87/161B87CDBA380A5BFF54FE5EFD3E59FD.xml | 356 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA3A0A5CFF54FA8AFD925BA8.xml | 557 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA3B0A5EFF54FD79FE5C5ED1.xml | 394 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA3C0A47FF54FE89FBB65C9C.xml | 723 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0.xml | 390 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA3F0A5AFF54FBE5FC4B5C70.xml | 499 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA400A23FF54FB61FB7B5DF3.xml | 372 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA420A24FF54F944FA825E78.xml | 557 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA430A26FF54F968FC8C5C9C.xml | 427 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA440A2FFF54FCF6FCA15D22.xml | 508 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA490A2BFF54F9F5FAF058F4.xml | 657 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA4B0A2DFF54F8D7FC805C0C.xml | 596 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA4D0AD7FF54F9ACFA0A5AD0.xml | 475 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA4E0A29FF54FAB2FD665FBA.xml | 486 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA4F0A2AFF54FCEDFE1A5EC9.xml | 379 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA500A33FF54FE89FA955DD8.xml | 595 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA510A34FF54FC7DFB2E5AD0.xml | 306 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA520A35FF54FD79FAD95984.xml | 378 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA550A3FFF54FE75FC5A5D48.xml | 812 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C.xml | 241 + .../87/161B87CDBA560A32FF54FF38FC525E83.xml | 269 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA580A3AFF54F9F5FD4B593C.xml | 554 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA5A0A3CFF54F970FAA55C0C.xml | 865 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA5A0A3EFF54FF38FF7D5C88.xml | 304 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA5C0A27FF54F9F5FD7A5C70.xml | 372 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C.xml | 459 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA5E0A39FF54FC25FDB85B18.xml | 264 + .../87/161B87CDBA600A03FF54F9C6FC4C5C0C.xml | 338 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA600A04FF54FD1DFA085C12.xml | 203 + .../87/161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864.xml | 248 + .../87/161B87CDBA610A05FF54FF38FD345EEB.xml | 337 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA620A06FF54FB29FC685DE4.xml | 247 + .../87/161B87CDBA640A00FF54FF38FA9B5D02.xml | 480 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA640A0FFF54F8F7FD9B5F04.xml | 290 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA660A01FF54FD55FAFE5D48.xml | 667 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA670A02FF54F9F5FE7D58AC.xml | 289 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA680A0BFF54FD79FE1A5BA8.xml | 326 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA690A0CFF54FEC1FDCA5880.xml | 420 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18.xml | 238 + .../87/161B87CDBA6B0A0EFF54FAFDFB555984.xml | 258 + .../87/161B87CDBA6C0A08FF54FF38FCDB5F61.xml | 306 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA6C0A36FF54FA1AFDB85880.xml | 519 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA6E0A09FF54FB77FC405D74.xml | 448 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA6E0A0AFF54FF38FC9A5E83.xml | 278 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA6F0A0BFF54FE51FE405DFC.xml | 328 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA710A13FF54FCEDFD3A5AD0.xml | 608 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA750A1FFF54FA41FC9A5AFC.xml | 620 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA760A11FF54FCC9FCFD5F98.xml | 457 ++ .../87/161B87CDBA770A12FF54FE89FC745910.xml | 546 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA790A1AFF54FD66FE745910.xml | 871 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880.xml | 678 +++ .../87/161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30.xml | 853 ++++ .../87/161B87CDBA7E0A18FF54FCC9FCBD5864.xml | 615 +++ .../87/161B87CDBAB00AD3FF54FA08FCD658F4.xml | 275 ++ 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Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing West Road, 621000, Mianyang, China +123church@163.com + + + +Author + +Kundrata, Robin +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9397-1030 +Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-06-01 + + +1103 + + +123 +138 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1103.84015 +1313-2970-1103-123 +58199DE7FAD743E1A029DC969C6E9BFC +A820088C785659F18D1C8E0F14FC642D + + + + +Pseudocsikia chanjuan +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1B +, 4A-H +, 5G-L + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +, male, "2017.IX.16, +台湾台东县金峰乡太麻里山 +, 1300 m, +周文-" +[Mount Taimalishan, Taitung County, Taiwan, 1300 m, 16.IX.2017, Wen-I Chou leg.], " + +Pseudocsikia chanjuan + +sp. nov. +婵娟伪斯叩甲 +HOLOTYPE des. Qiu et Kundrata 2022" (MYNU). + + + +Diagnosis. + +Pronotum and elytra almost unicolored brown, but with paler apices of elytra and lateral margins of pronotum (in dry specimen condition), legs yellow (Fig. +1B +). Antennomere II shorter than the length of antennomere III. Pronotum (Fig. +4A +) with dense punctures (intervals usually subequal to 2-4 puncture diameters). Anterior angle of pronotum with the protrusion outward at outer angle. Posterior angle straight. Metaventrite densely punctate, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 2-3 puncture diameters. Metacoxal plate (Fig. +4G +) short internally, surface densely covered with punctures. Tergite IX (Fig. +5H +) suboval, with two robust lobes. Median lobe with small lateral pointed process near midlength, apical portion rounded and enlarged. Paramere with rounded apex and small process subapically. Phallobase subtrapezoidal, with slightly pointed basal angles (Fig. +5J +). + + + +Comparison. + +This species can be distinguished from + +P. formosana + +and + +P. choui + +sp. nov. by the denser punctures of pronotum and larger body size (6.3 mm versus 4.0-5.9 mm). This new species can be further distinguished from + +P. choui + +sp. nov. by the more outwardly protruded anterior angles of pronotum, and the larger and straight posterior angle of pronotum. The shape of aedeagus also differs from these. The median lobe of + +P. chanjuan + +sp. nov. has a slightly enlarged and rounded apex and two small acute processes laterally near midlength, its paramere is rounded at apex but with small process subapically, and the phallobase is less rounded basally than those of the other two species. + + + +Figure 4. +Characters of + +Pseudocsikia chanjuan + +sp. nov., male, holotype +A +pronorum, dorsal view +B +pro- and mesothorax, ventral view +C +anterior protrusion of pronotum, dorsal view +D +anterior protrusion of hypomeron, ventral view +E +antenna +F +posterior angle of pronotum, dorsal view +G +metacoxal plate, ventral view +H +prosternal process, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( +A, B, E, F +); 0.2 mm ( +C, D, G, H +). + + + + +Description + +(male holotype). +Body smooth, surface covered with curved, semi-erect, and moderately long pubescence. Body length 6.3 mm; width 2.3 mm; antenna length 3.3 mm; pronotum length 1.7 mm, width 2.1 mm (measured at hind angles), elytra length 3.7 mm. + + +Body generally brown, pubescence yellow (Fig. +1B +). Head (including antennae and mouthparts), pronotum, elytra (except apical portions), underside (except last two sternites and lateral portion of abdomen) brown. Pronotum with paler lateral margins (in dry condition). Legs, apical portion of elytra, the last two sternites, and lateral portion of abdomen yellowish brown. + + +Head including eyes 0.5 times as wide as pronotum. Supra-antennal carinae short, directed mesad and fading medially so that median portion of frontoclypeus is not formed by sharp carina; frontoclypeus overhanging base of labrum in lateral view. Head surface with intervals between punctures mostly equal 1-2 puncture diameters. Maxillary palpus with palpomere III longer than wide. Antenna (Fig. +4E +) simple, surpassing hind angle of pronotum about +11/2 +antennomeres; scape robust and longest, antennomere II shortest, antennomere III longer than antennomere II, antennomeres IV-X subequal in length, ratio of antennomeres II-IV and XI = 1: 1.1: 1.3: 1.5, ultimate antennomere tapered apically, apex pointed. + + +Pronotum (Fig. +4A +) large, subquadrate, wider than long (measured at midlines), widest near middle. In lateral view, pronotum convex. Anterior angles (Fig. +4C +) of pronotum protruded, protrusion of anterior angle subquadrate, inner angle protruded almost same degree as outer angle; prostrusion with deep, narrow and curved gap. Lateral margins of pronotum roundly arched medially, sides near middle more or less evenly narrowing anterad and posterad in similar degree, posterior angle (Fig. +4F +) straight, less divergent, pointing straightly toward elytra, apex blunt, inner margin with small protrusion. Disc of pronotum densely covered with small, deep punctures; intervals between punctures on average subequal to 2-4 puncture diameters; interstices smooth. Pubescence directed outwards; basal portion directed forwards. + + +Hypomeron (Fig. +4B +) more densely punctate than pronotum, punctures moderate and deep, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 1-2 puncture diameters, apex of hypomeron strongly protruded, margin wrinkled. Pronotosternal sutures nearly straight, anterior excavation deep and narrow; long carination paralleled with suture from base of hypomeron and reaching anterior protrusion of hypomeron, forming elongate U-shaped carination anteriorly; end of the carination extending backwards, with a straight, elongate pit partly enclosed by curving hook of carination (Fig. +4D +). Prosternum (Fig. +4B +) including prosternal process 2.2 times as long as wide; chin piece with dense and large punctures, intervals between punctures on average subequal to half to one puncture diameter; punctures in remaining area slightly sparser and smaller, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 1-2 puncture diameters. Prosternal process (Fig. +4H +) ventrally straight in lateral view, ventroapically with notch; small process in notch acutely enlarged dorsoapically. + + +Scutellar shield (Fig. +4A, F +) suboval, about 1.2 times as wide as long; anterior margin rounded, posterior margin slightly pointed. + + +Mesoventrite (Fig. +4B +) with procoxal rests. Mesoventral process elevated, hind margin narrow. Mesanepisternum with large, curved lateral extensions of procoxal rests. Metaventrite medially with dense punctures, intervals between punctures on average subequal to 2-3 puncture diameters. Anterior portion of discrimen with needle-like groove, occupying half-length of metaventrite. Metacoxal plate enlarged inward, strongly reduced outward (Fig. +4G +), surface densely punctate. + + +Elytra (Fig. +1B +) elongate, together 1.7 times as long as wide, widest at 1/3 of their length from base. Humeri (Fig. +4A, F +) elevated, sides from humeri roundly widened to 1/3 of elytral length, then gradually narrowed towards apices; apices slightly independently rounded. Elytral striae shallow, formed by lines of small punctures, intervals between punctures in stria on average subequal to 2-4 puncture diameters. Interstriae flat, smooth, with some micropunctures. Hind wings absent. Abdomen with ventrites more densely punctate than pronotum, intervals between punctures on average subequal to one puncture diameter; pubescence directed backwards. Apical ventrite with rounded apex. Tergite VIII (Fig. +5I +) subtriangular, 1.7 times as long as wide, distal margin pointed medially, apically covered with sparse pubescence, basal angles rounded. Sternite VIII (Fig. +5I +) with two dark-colored lobes, shape as Fig. +5I +with long setae, remaining portion membranous. Tergite IX (Fig. +5H +) semi-oval, 1.2 times as long as wide, medially deeply and widely emarginate; two lobes robust, lateral sides with long setae; tergite X (Fig. +5H +) membranous, exceeded apices of lobes of tergite IX. Sternite IX (Fig. +5G +) relatively narrow, 2.66 times as long as wide, apically truncate and setose. + + + +Figure 5. +Characters of + +Pseudocsikia + +spp. +A-F + +Pseudocsikia choui + +sp. nov., male holotype +G-L + +Pseudocsikia chanjuan + +sp. nov., male, holotype +A, G +abdominal sternite IX, dorsal view +B, H +abdominal tergites IX-X, dorsal view +C, I +abdominal sternite VIII and tergite VIII, ventral view +D, J +aedeagus, ventral view +E, K +aedeagus, lateral view +F, L +aedeagus, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm. + + + +Aedeagus (Fig. +5J-L +) with robust median lobe, 1.7 times as long as one paramere; distal half of median lobe gradually narrowed to a rounded point, with one small pointed processes on each lateral side near midlength, apical portion enlarged, apex bluntly rounded; median lobe with long, needle-like ventral sclerite. Paramere stout, slightly exceeding half of median lobe; apex rounded, with small process subapically. Phallobase trapezoidal, margins thickened, medially with longitudinal thickened line, basal angles angled. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + +Immature stages. +Unknown. + + +Distribution. +China: Taiwan (Taitung). + + +Etymology. + +The specific epithet +Chanjuan +is derived from the Chinese +婵娟 +[ +chan +juan +], which means +"beauty" +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/00/6B/16006BBBEA83DB611CB4A8CEC65A76AA.xml b/data/16/00/6B/16006BBBEA83DB611CB4A8CEC65A76AA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00c0b799b5f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/00/6B/16006BBBEA83DB611CB4A8CEC65A76AA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="EEBCBB76736FDA64CE70F7FEFD5903D8" pageId="null" pageNumber="545" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="A4DD9DC73725A2CEB74313D903075EF1" pageId="null" pageNumber="545"> +<taxonomicName id="715E63279DF63A776747238B3311F606" ID-CoL="FKX7" ID-ENA="59052" authority="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aphyllanthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="null" pageNumber="545" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monspeliensis"> +<pageBreakToken id="0B87A1FBCFBD6F986FC4A0330B092BAE" pageId="null" pageNumber="545">Aphyllanthes</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="623E7761A2A8543293AD096A50F5D214" originalValue="monspeliénsis" pageId="null" pageNumber="545">monspeliensis</normalizedToken> +L. +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="3A44071A8E14F24FEE913F24B2396224" pageId="null" pageNumber="545" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="ACEB7CB90DD41664AAA413AAE6DC3D45" pageId="null" pageNumber="545">Blaustern</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Ausdauernd; keine Zwiebel vorhanden; 10-25 cm hoch. Rhizom kurz. Stengel zahlreich, einen Horst bildend, etwa 1 mm dick. + +Pflanze ohne +Blaetter + +( + +am Grunde der Stengel nur Blattscheiden vor- +handen + +). + +Bluetenstand +1-3 +bluetig +, +endstaendig +. +Blueten +zwitterig, von mehreren +haeutigen +Hochblaettern +umgeben + +. +Perigonblaetter +6, frei, ca. 2 cm lang und im obersten Drittel bis 0,5 cm breit, in der untern, von +Hochblaettern +umschlossenen +Haelfte +einen Tubus bildend, weiter oben abstehend, 1nervig, +blau +. +Staubblaetter +6, die +Perigonblaetter +nicht +ueberragend +. Frucht eine 3 +faechrige +Kapsel mit mehreren Samen; Griffel 1, mit 3 Narben. - +Bluete +: Sommer. + + +Zytologische Angaben. +Keine Untersuchungen. + + +Standort. +Kollin und montan. Steinige, trockene +Boeden +. Trockenwiesen. + + +Verbreitung. Westmediterrane Pflanze: +Iberische Halbinsel, in Frankreich +nordwaerts +bis +Dep +. Ain und Savoyen, Italien (Voralpen bei Brescia, Nordapennin, Ligurien, Sardinien); Nordwestafrika. - Im Gebiet: +Dep +. Ain und Savoyen (vom Chartreuse-Massiv bei +Chambery +suedwaerts +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/00/CE/1600CEF3C27EF37B346AE76B8D9E7699.xml b/data/16/00/CE/1600CEF3C27EF37B346AE76B8D9E7699.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..adba5062d57 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/00/CE/1600CEF3C27EF37B346AE76B8D9E7699.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828-2-1168 + + + + +Ametastegia pallipes (Spinola, 1808) + + + + +Tenthredo pallipes +Spinola, 1808 + + +Tenthredo grossulariae +(Klug, 1818, +Tenthredo +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/00/D7/1600D7A826340914D45911D6DDCFF57C.xml b/data/16/00/D7/1600D7A826340914D45911D6DDCFF57C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1596f42bb11 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/00/D7/1600D7A826340914D45911D6DDCFF57C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +Nomada goodeniana (Kirby, 1802) + + + + +Apis goodeniana +Kirby, 1802 + + +succincta +misident. + + +alternata +(Kirby, 1802, +Apis +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/01/02/1601029D97B4558CBAE1FF79455F4869.xml b/data/16/01/02/1601029D97B4558CBAE1FF79455F4869.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..65cd650d6e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/01/02/1601029D97B4558CBAE1FF79455F4869.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Nomenclatural changes in Coleus and Plectranthus (Lamiaceae): a tale of more than two genera + + + +Author + +Paton, Alan J. + + + +Author + +Mwanyambo, Montfort + + + +Author + +Govaerts, Rafael H. A. + + + +Author + +Smitha, Kokkaraniyil + + + +Author + +Suddee, Somran + + + +Author + +Phillipson, Peter B. + + + +Author + +Wilson, Trevor C. + + + +Author + +Forster, Paul I. + + + +Author + +Culham, Alastair + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2019 + +129 + + +1 +158 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 +1314-2003-129-1 +BF57C6B3C3065AEE9B4B3D47189C908F +3382366 + + + + +Plectranthus strangulatus A.J.Paton, Fl. Trop. E. Afr., Lamiac.: 246. 2009 + + + + +Plectranthus strangulatus +A.J.Paton, Fl. Trop. E. Afr., Lamiac.: 246. 2009. Type: Tanzania, Morogoro District: Uluguru Mts, Kitundu, E.M. Bruce 957 (holotype: K (K000431930); isotypes: BR, K (K000431929)). + + + +Distribution. +Tanzania (Uluguru Mts.). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/01/FF/1601FF04FFD4FFF7FF7BFC11FA79F835.xml b/data/16/01/FF/1601FF04FFD4FFF7FF7BFC11FA79F835.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e9254cfa89 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/01/FF/1601FF04FFD4FFF7FF7BFC11FA79F835.xml @@ -0,0 +1,372 @@ + + + +Anchoscelis fuscomixta noravanka, a new subspecies from Armenia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae) + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + + + +Author + +Dûda, Juozas +World Insect Gallery, Taikos str., 1, Linkaièiai, Joniškis reg., Lithuania. + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Kalashian, Mark +0000-0002-2448-9547 +Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, P. Sevak str., 7, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia. mkalashian 1 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2448 - 9547 +mkalashian1@gmail.com + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-08-16 + + +5175 + + +2 + + +275 +284 + + + +journal article +132142 +10.11646/zootaxa.5175.2.5 +fb9c92e8-9f82-47ea-80b8-fcd30b75fb45 +1175-5326 +7003508 +BDC9196F-913D-4E6F-A49F-703F7A14140A + + + + + + + +Anchoscelis +( +Anchoscelis +) +fuscomixta noravanka + +ssp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–3 +, +13, 14 +, +20 +) + + + + +Type material +. + + +Holotype + +( +Figs 1 +, +13 +): male, “ +Armenia +| +Areni +, h- + +1240m + +| +Noravank +road | +39°41.8978’N +| +45°12.6143’E +| + +5. x. 2021 + +| Duda & +Saldaitis +leg.” / “Slide | AV6662 +♂ +| +A. Volynkin +” ( +WIGJ +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +( +Figs 2, 3 +, +10 +, +14 +): +25 males +, +5 females +, the same data as in the +holotype +, gen. prep. Nos.: AV6663 (male) and AV6664 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) ( +AFM +, +ASV +, +CAV +, +BBT +, +GMF-B +, +WIGJ +) + +. + + + + +Etymology +. The subspecific epithet originates from Noravank, a famous 13th-century Armenian monastery, which the +type +locality is situated near. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The new subspecies ( +Figs 1–3 +) is externally reminiscent of the Iranian + +A. f. +fuscomixta + +( +Figs 4–6 +) but is distinguished by the pale ochreous body and forewing colouration and pale grey hindwing ground colour whereas in + +A. f. +fuscomixta + +, the body is brown, the forewing ground colour is brown with intense black irroration, and the hindwing is dark greyish brown. Compared to three other closely related species, the Near Eastern + +A. pauli + +( +Figs 9, 10 +), + +A. consueta + +( +Figs 7, 8 +) and the Mediterranean + +A. kindermanni + +( +Figs 11, 12 +), +A. f. noravanka +ssp. n. +has a pale ochreous body and forewing ground colour with a less distinct forewing pattern, and the pale grey hindwing whereas the two congeners have pale brick red body and forewing colouration with a more distinct forewing pattern and the darker, brown hindwing with a reddish suffusion. The male genital capsule of the new subspecies ( +Figs 13, 14 +) is very similar to that of + +A. f. +fuscomixta + +( +Figs 15, 16 +) but differs in the more rounded penicular lobe, the somewhat longer cucullus, and the somewhat more distally dilated costa; from + +A. pauli + +( +Fig. 17 +) it differs in the somewhat shorter penicular lobe, the apically narrower vinculum, the somewhat longer harpe, the somewhat more prominent digitus and the somewhat narrower distal section of the valva. Compared to + +A. kindermanni + +( +Fig. 18 +), the male genital capsule of +A. f. noravanka +ssp. n. +has a somewhat longer penicular lobe, an apically narrower vinculum, a longer harpe, and a shorter and broader distal section of the valva; from + +A. consueta + +( +Fig. 19 +) it differs in the shorter and more rounded penicular lobes, the distally thicker harpe, the straight medial costal process (it is curved in the congener), the more apically tapered and upcurved cucullus, and the shorter and basally broader digitus The phalli of the two subspecies of + +A. fuscomixta + +and + +A. consueta + +are very similar. Compared to the other two congeners, the phallus of +A. f. noravanka +ssp. n. +has a long and broad process of the ventral plate of the carina whereas it is extremely short and narrow in + +A. pauli + +, and narrow, thorn-shaped in + +A. kindermanni + +. The vesica structure of the new subspecies is very similar to that of + +A. f. +fuscomixta + +but distinguished by the shorter dorsal medial diverticulum, and the somewhat broader distal section with a somewhat longer distal cluster of spinules. Additionally, compared to + +A. pauli +, +A. kindermanni + +and + +A. consueta + +, the vesica of +A. f. noravanka +ssp. n. +has a shorter distal diverticulum and bears a somewhat shorter distal cornutus. Since the female of + +A. f. +fuscomixta + +is unknown, the female genitalia of the new subspecies ( +Fig. 20 +) are compared to + +A. pauli + +( +Fig. 21 +), + +A. kindermanni + +( +Fig. 22 +) and + +A. consueta + +( +Fig. 23 +) only. In +A. f. noravanka +ssp. n. +, the antrum is narrower than in + +A. pauli + +and + +A. kindermanni + +but broader than in + +A. consueta + +, the posterior, dilated section of the ductus bursae is narrower than in + +A. pauli + +and + +A. kindermanni + +but longer and broader than in + +A. consueta + +, the sclerotised band of the posterior section of the corpus bursae is interrupted into two short parts, and the signa bursae are markedly smaller and more weakly sclerotised. + + + + +Description +. +External morphology of adults +( +Figs 1–3 +). Forewing length 13.0–15.0 mm in males and 14.5– 15.0 mm in females. Antenna weakly ciliate in male and filiform in female. Head and thorax monotonous pale ochreous. Forewing triangular with somewhat elongate and rounded apex, and somewhat convex outer margin. Forewing ground colour pale ochreous, pattern brownish-grey. Subbasal line indistinct, as diffuse spot medially. Antemedial line double, sinuous, with pale ochreous-yellow inner area, oblique outwards posteriorly. Medial line irregularly dentate, wide but diffuse, angled in cell. Orbicular stigma comma-shaped with indistinct margins on veins Cu and R. Reniform stigma with deep outer medial depression, indistinct margin on vein R, and dark brownish-grey inner suffusion posteriorly. Postmedial line thin, dentate on veins, curved anteriorly. Medial and postmedial areas with brownish suffusion between medial and subterminal lines. Subterminal line diffuse, thin posteriorly and dilated medially and anteriorly, interrupted into spots between veins. Terminal line thin, diffuse, interrupted into convex spots between veins. Cilia pale ochreous with admixture of brown scales. Hindwing monotonous dark grey with ochreous-yellow costal and outer margins. Discal spot short, dash-shaped, diffuse. Cilia pale ochreous-yellow. Abdomen monotonous pale ochreous. +Male genitalia +( +Figs 9, 10 +). Uncus elongate, slender, laterally flattened, down curved, and apically pointed. Tegumen short with large semielliptical penicular lobe. Vinculum somewhat longer than tegumen, narrow but heavily sclerotised, V-shaped with tapered anterior tip. Valva elongate and narrow with almost parallel margins. Costa dilated distally and tapered apically, with long stick-shaped and apically rounded medial process directed ventrad. Proximal half of distal section of costa with wavy ventral margin and short and apically rounded ventral process. Cucullus more or less conical with short and somewhat down curved, apically rounded tip and corona consisting of thin setae. Clasper narrow with large, heavily sclerotized but narrow, subbasally curved harpe directed dorso-distally. Sacculus short with short, semiglobular and weakly setose clavus. Juxta shield-like with strongly elongate posterior section. Phallus tubular, moderately broad, slightly down curved, with short rounded coecum and two heavily sclerotised, elliptical distal plates of carina. Lateral plate of carina with tiny denticle distally, ventral one with short but broad, heavily sclerotised triangular process directed ventrad. Vesica tubular, twisted medially, with dilated and recurved distal section. Medial section of vesica with area of spinulose scobination, short conical and apically rounded diverticulum on outer surface and smaller, semiglobular diverticulum on inner surface. Distal section of vesica with large conical and apically rounded distal diverticulum, long but thin, straight distal cornutus, narrow elongate cluster of tiny spinules and area of granulation. Vesica ejaculatorius directed anteriorly. +Female genitalia +( +Fig. 14 +). Ovipositor strongly elongate and narrow. Papilla analis elongate and narrow, weakly setose. Apophyses long and thin with dilated tips. Apophysis posterioris ca. 2.5 times longer than apophysis anterioris. Antrum short, heavily sclerotised, trapezoid, with medial depression ventrally. Ductus bursae heavily sclerotised, dorso-ventrally flattened. Posterior section of corpus bursae dilated, asymmetrical with markedly more prominent left side and short and concave ventral crest medially.Anterior section of ductus bursae anteriorly tapered and slightly right curved, with lengthwise narrow membranous area on left side. Posterior section of corpus bursae broadly conical, bearing narrow and bilobate sclerotised plate fused with anterior sclerotised end of ductus bursae, and short and narrow sclerotised lateral plate slightly protruding in basal section of appendix bursae. Anterior section of corpus bursae broad, more or less globular, with broad area of weak sclerotization medio-laterally on right side, and three serrulate elliptical signa of different size medially and anteriorly. Appendix bursae equal in length to posterior section of corpus bursae, semiglobular with short, narrow conical tip, positioned ventro-laterally on right side, directed posteriad. + + + + +Distribution +. The new subspecies is known only from its +type +locality in south-west +Armenia +. + + +Bionomics +. A series of specimens of both sexes was collected at ultraviolet light during a warm night (+10 °C) in early October in the Gnishik River valley ( +Fig. 24 +). Most specimens were collected in the first half of the night. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/85/160285F3BC7AC65394562F9AF5DD8C5C.xml b/data/16/02/85/160285F3BC7AC65394562F9AF5DD8C5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..11bda67579d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/85/160285F3BC7AC65394562F9AF5DD8C5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Aphidius setiger (Mackauer, 1961) + + + + +Euaphidius setiger +Mackauer, 1961 + + +aceri +Ivanov, 1925 + + + +Distribution +Wales + + +Notes + +added by +Baker and Broad (2009) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F4361FFABFF56FA5AFDB8FB13.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4361FFABFF56FA5AFDB8FB13.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a72bb59fc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4361FFABFF56FA5AFDB8FB13.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Leptocometes antonkozlovi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 22–25 +) + + +Description +. +Male +. Head dark brown, almost black, except dark reddish-brown posterior area of gulamentum; labial palpomeres I–II mostly yellowish-brown, and palpomere III blackish; maxillary palpomeres I–II mostly yellowish-brown, palpomere III dark brown, and IV blackish; remaining surface of mouthparts partially reddish-brown; scape and pedicel dark brown; antennomere III brown on anterior 2/3, reddish-brown on posterior third, except dark-brown apex; prothorax dark brown except prosternal process mostly dark reddish brown; ventral surface of mesothorax dark brown except mesoventral process mostly dark reddish brown; ventral surface of metathorax dark brown laterally, lighter toward central area (more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity); elytra dark brown, with irregular dark reddish-brown areas near apex; pro- and mesocoxae yellowish-brown interspersed with brown areas; metacoxae dark brown; trochanters yellowish-brown; pro- and mesofemora with peduncle, anterior 2/3 of ventral surface and part of sides yellowish-brown, and remaining surface dark brown; metafemora mostly yellowish-brown with distal half of dorsal surface, part of lateral surfaces of distal half, and entire posterior area brown (darker toward apex); protarsi dark brown; about basal 2/3 of meso- and metatarsomere I yellowish-brown, and distal third dark brown; meso- and metatarsomeres II–IV dark brown; basal 2/3 of meso- and metatarsomere V dark reddish-brown, and distal third dark-brown; abdominal ventrites reddish-brown with brown areas. + + +Head +. Frons transverse, with a few fine punctures laterally; with greenish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, more yellowish close to eyes and clypeus, interspersed laterally with short, erect, sparse yellow setae, and one long, erect dark setae. Area between antennal tubercles with yellowish pubescence centrally, greenishbrown laterally, partially obscuring integument, except glabrous diamond central area close to upper eye lobes; area between upper eye lobes with yellowish-brown pubescence (more brownish depending on angle of light source), yellower close to eyes; remaining surface of vertex with minute, slightly conspicuous greenish-brown pubescence, except glabrous area close to prothoracic margin. Antennal tubercles with greenish-brown pubescence (more yellowish-brown on some areas, especially depending on angle of light source), except yellowish pubescence on apex. Area behind eyes with yellowish-brown pubescent band close to eye, more bristly toward ventral surface of lower eye lobe, glabrous on remaining surface. Genae smooth, with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence. Postclypeus with yellowish-brown pubescence on wide central area, glabrous laterally; with one long, erect brownish seta on each side of wide central area. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus at posterior 2/3, inclined at anterior third; with sparse yellowish pubescence interspersed with long, brownish and golden setae directed forward. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous on wide posterior area, depressed, with short yellowish pubescence interspersed with long, erect brownish setae anteriorly. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.15 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.46 times length of scape. Antennae (missing antennomeres IV–XI in both antennae); present antenomeres 0.67 times elytral length, with apex of antennomere III reaching apex of anterior third of elytra; scape with posterior half of ventral surface nearly flattened, moderately abruptly widened at apex; scape, pedicel and antennomere III with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument; ventral surface of pedicel and antennomere III with short, erect, sparse, thick setae ventrally. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.95; pedicel = 0.10. + + +Thorax +. Prothorax with large, conical tubercle at posterior third, with apex obliquely projected backward (anterior area as a gradual continuation of margin); anterior area with narrow, distinct constriction; sides gradually divergent from anterior margin to apex of lateral tubercle, then abruptly, strongly concave. Pronotum with five distinct tubercles, one on each side, oblique, place on anterior half, one on each side of posterior half, slighter distinct, nearly fused with anterolateral ones, another subelliptical, placed centrally from about midlength to posterior quarter; with row of coarse, deep punctures near posterior margin, moderately coarse, sparse punctures on sides of central tubercle and anterocentral area, nearly impunctate laterally, impunctate on tubercles; mostly with greenish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except: moderately wide yellowish pubescent band on each side of central area, together diamond-shaped, following sparsely toward anterior margin; oblique, elongate yellow macula on each side of anterior half; oblique yellow macula on lateral tubercles of prothorax; and yellowish pubescence near anterolateral angles. Sides of prothorax with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument (more greenishbrown depending on light source or intensity). Ventral surface of thorax with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument (more grayish-white depending on light intensity); prosternal process distinctly narrowed centrally, with its narrowest area about as wide as 1/5 of procoxal cavity; mesoventral process gradually narrowed toward its posterior third, then widened, with its narrowest area about 0.4 times as wide as mesocoxal cavity. Scutellum sulcate at posterocentral area; with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument (less distinctly depending on light angle source). +Elytra +. Sides gradually narrowed from humerus to apex; centro basal crests elevate, with dark, moderately thick setae directed backward; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on anterior half, gradually sparsely punctate on posterior half; with oblique yellowish pubescent band on sides of anterior sixth; with wide, transverse yellowish pubescent band from anterior fifth to about middle, with triangular projections in its anterior and posterior margins, and triangularly fused along suture with posterior yellowish area, interspersed with moderately small, subcircular greenish-brown pubescent spots; with yellowish pubescence covering mostly of posterior half, interspersed with moderately small, subcircular greenish-brown pubescent spots, except moderately large, irregular lateral area with greenish-brown pubescence; remaining surface with greenish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; with erect, dark setae throughout; apex with long spine at outer angle, and short projection at sutural angle. +Legs +. Pro- and mesofemora pedunculate-clavate (club noticeably large); mesofemora slightly curved from apex of peduncle. Metafemora slightly, gradually widened from anterior quarter to near apex, then slightly narrowed; slightly curved from anterior quarter. Femora with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integu- ment. Protibiae with tab-shaped projection ventrally, slightly from midlength; with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, more conspicuous on light area, bristly, reddish-brown on posterior third of ventral surface; with long, erect, sparse dark setae (apex of some setae yellowish). Mesotibiae with sparse yellowish pubescence on basal 2/3, denser, bristly, reddish-brown on posterior third; with long, erect, moderately sparse dark setae, especially dorsally, gradually shorter, thicker toward apex. Metatibiae with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, more reddishbrown on ventral surface of posterior third, interspersed with long, erect dark setae, gradually shorter toward apex. Metatarsomere I about twice length of II–III together. + + +Abdomen +. Ventrites with yellowish pubescence partially obscuring integument (more grayish-white depending on light intensity); ventrite V with long, erect sparse dark setae; apex of ventrite V deeply emarginate, with sides forming spiniform projection. + + +Dimensions (mm) +. Total length, 10.85; prothoracic length, 1.75; anterior prothoracic width, 1.80 (2.30, slightly after anterior margin); posterior prothoracic width, 2.25; maximum prothoracic width (between apex of lateral tubercles), 2.95; humeral width, 3.70; elytral length, 8.05. + + + + +Type material +. + +Holotype +male from +COLOMBIA +, + +Santander + +: +NE Bucaramanga +(near Morro Ventanas; +7º08’43”N +/ +73º01’52”W +; + +2250 m + +), + +13–15.IV.2017 + +, +Sinyaev +& +Pinilla +col. ( +MZSP +). + + + + + +Remarks +. This new species is provisionally described in + +Leptocometes +Bates, 1881 + +. According to +Monné (1990) +: “ + +Tithonus + +[currently = + +Leptocometes + +] differs from + +Onalcidion +Thomson + +, for the central or only post-medial position of the lateral tubercles of the prothorax. In + +Onalcidion + +, the tubercles, in addition to being slightly developed, are placed at the beginning of the posterior third.” Actually, + +Leptocometes + +appears to be formed by more than one genus. It includes species with different forms of the lateral tubercles of the prothorax (although always placed around middle of the prothorax), different forms of the metafemora (from pedunculate-clavate as mesofemora to distinctly slender and elongated), and with or without humeral carina (when present, not reaching the elytral apex). However, the presence of + +L. sptizi +(Melzer, 1934) + +and + +L. acutispinis +(Bates, 1863) + +, which agree somewhat with the new species, especially regarding the shape of the metafemora and lack of humeral carina, allows for its inclusion, although provisionally, in + +Leptocometes + +. Only a comprehensive review of the tribe may provide a better definition of + +Leptocometes + +, especially in relation to + +Onalcidion + +. + + + +Leptocometes antonkozlovi + + +sp. nov. + +differs from all other species currently included in the genus by the lateral tubercles of the prothorax distinctly curved backward. + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named in honor of Anton O. Kozlov, who sent the specimen for study and donated the +holotype +for MZSP collection. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F4362FFADFF56FF32FDB8FA4B.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4362FFADFF56FF32FDB8FA4B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06fded28f95 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4362FFADFF56FF32FDB8FA4B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Onalcidion antonkozlovi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 18–21 +) + + +Description +. +Female +. Integument mostly dark brown, blackish in some areas; basal 2/3 of antennomere III brownish, and distal third gradually darkened dark-brown toward apex; basal half of antennomere IV brownish (more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity), and distal half gradually darkened toward dark-brown apex; basal third of antennomeres V–VI reddish-brown, and distal 2/3 gradually darkened toward dark-brown apex; basal third of antennomere VII yellowish-brown, and distal 2/3 dark-brown; basal quarter of elytra with distinct V-shaped band, starting at centro basal crests, distinctly contrasting with surrounding areas; peduncle of femora, and basal half of tarsomeres I reddish; central area of tibiae with reddish ring; apex of abdominal ventrites I–IV reddish-brown. + + +Head +. Frons transverse, densely micropunctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Vertex with sculpturing and pubescence as on frons, except glabrous cross-shaped central area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes. Antennal tubercles densely micropunctate basally, finely, abundantly punctate on remaining surface; with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, distinctly sparser dorsally. Area behind upper eye lobes finely punctate, with moderately dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to eyes, smooth, glabrous toward prothorax; area behind lower eye lobes with narrow yellowish-brown pubescence close to eye, gradually bristly toward ventral side, glabrous on remaining surface. Genae minutely striate-punctate, except smooth distal area; with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence close to eye, nearly glabrous on remaining surface, except glabrous smooth area. Postclypeus with moderately bristly yellowish-brown pubescence centrally, nearly glabrous on sides of wide central area, glabrous laterally. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus at posterior third, inclined at anterior 2/3; densely, minutely punctate interspersed with fine punctures on posterior 2/3, nearly smooth on anterior third; with short, decumbent, sparse grayish-white pubescence interspersed with moderately short yellowish-brown setae directed forward. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous on wide posterior area, depressed, minutely punctate, with grayish-white pubescence anteriorly, and a few long, erect brownish setae in anterior margin. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.23 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.53 times length of scape. Antennae (missing antennomeres VIII–XI in left antenna, V–XI in right antenna); present antenomeres 1.5 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at distal sixth of antennomere VI; scape, pedicel and dark areas of antennomeres with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, less conspicuous on antennomeres; light areas of antennomeres with pale-yellow pubescence; scape with long, erect, sparse brownish setae at distal quarter of ventral surface; pedicel and antennomeres III–IV with long, erect brownish setae ventrally, distinctly sparser in IV. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.02; pedicel = 0.14; IV = 0.91; V = 0.83; VI = 0.75; VII = 0.68. + + +Thorax +. Prothorax with moderately small, conical tubercle at distal third, with apex obliquely directed upward; with narrow constriction anteriorly, slightly, gradually widened from anterior margin to lateral tubercles, narrowed from lateral tubercles to posterior margin. Pronotum with three distinct tubercles, one on each side, oblique, placed from about posterior quarter to near anterior margin, wider posteriorly, another subelliptical centrally, from posterior quarter to slightly before midlength; with row of coarse, deep punctures near posterior margin (punctures less aligned centrally), coarsely, sparsely punctate on remaining surface, except smooth tubercles; pubescence mostly greenish-brown, interspersed with yellowish-brown and pale-yellow pubescence laterally and on transverse posterior quarter, slightly longer on anterocentral area between tubercles, except nearly glabrous anterior top of lateral tubercles and top of central tubercle with small, dense tuft with white setae on sides of apex of anterior third, oblique whitish pubescent macula on each side of near sides of prothorax, placed at about anterior third, and yellowish pubescent spot on each side, close to anterior margin (close each other than tufts with white setae). Sides of prothorax with grayish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, except sparse pubescence close to anterior and posterior margins. Ventral surface of thorax with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument (more grayish-white depending on light intensity). Scutellum with sparse grayish-brown pubescence. +Elytra +. Coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on anterior half, gradually sparser on posterior half; centro basal crest slightly elevate, with slightly sparse, moderately long dark setae on top; with three slightly marked carina, innermost from about midlength to distal quarter, one humeral, reaching about distal quarter of elytra, another laterally, from near humerus to about distal third; apex obliquely truncate; with long, erect, thick dark setae throughout. Pubescence as follows: humerus with slightly conspicuous greenish-brown pubescence; circum-scutellar area with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence; V-shaped anterior area with brownish pubescence; wide, oblique yellowish pubescent band on anterior third, starting near humerus, sparsely projected toward anterior margin between humerus and scutellum; irregularly yellowish on wide central area, interspersed with also irregular lighter pubescence, and subcircular spots with sparse, brownish pubescence; white longitudinal pubescent band close to suture, from posterior margin of Vshaped anterior area to near midlength; pale-yellow, sparse pubescence covering distal quarter, obliquely projected base of posterior third (anterior margin of this area with yellowish-white pubescence, preceded by oblique, irregular brownish sparsely pubescent band); with short, narrow, longitudinal maculae with yellowish pubescence on carinae. + + +Legs +. Femora with yellowish pubescence, moderately dense on club, except sparse basal area, and brownish pubescence about centrodorsal area (less conspicuous on profemora). Protibiae with sparse yellowish pubescence on basal dark area, distinctly denser on central light area, sparse dorsally between light area and distal quarter, denser on distal dorsal quarter, yellowish-brown, bristly on ventral surface of distal half; with a few long, erect yellow setae dorsally and laterally. Meso- and metatibiae with sparse yellowish pubescence on dark basal area, especially dorsally, with dense yellowish pubescence on light central area, and moderately sparse pale-yellow pubescence on distal dark area, except dense yellowish-brown pubescence on dorsal sulcus of mesotibiae; with thick, erect brownish setae on dorsal surface of distal half; with a few long, erect yellow setae throughout. Light area of tarsomeres I with yellowish pubescence; remaining surface of tarsomeres with brownish pubescence. Metatarsomere I about twice length of II–III together. + + +Abdomen +. Ventrites with pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument (more grayish-white depending on light intensity); apex of ventrite V truncate at apex, with long, spiniform projection at each side. + + +Dimensions (mm) +. Total length, 7.35; prothoracic length, 1.15; anterior prothoracic width, 1.25 (1.40, slightly after anterior margin); posterior prothoracic width, 1.40; maximum prothoracic width (between apex of lateral tubercles), 1.80; humeral width, 2.40; elytral length, 5.10. + + + + +Type material +. + +Holotype +female from +COLOMBIA +, + +Santander + +: +NE Bucaramanga +(near Morro Ventanas; +7º08’43”N +/ +73º01’52”W +; + +2250 m + +), + +13–15.IV.2017 + +, +Sinyaev +& +Pinilla +col. ( +MZSP +). + + + + + +Remarks +. According to +Monné (1990) +, + +Onalcidion +Thomson, 1864 + +does not have tubercles on the pronotum. Although this is true of the +type +species, + +O. pictulum +(White, 1855) + +, as well as + +O. obscurum +Gilmour, 1957 + +, and + +O. fibrosum +Monné & Martins, 1976 + +, currently, there are two species with distinct tubercles on pronotum included in the genus: + +O. tavakiliani +Audureau, 2013 + +, and + +O. lingafelteri +Audureau, 2018 + +. Thus, as the genus is clearly in need of revision, we prefer not to erect a new genus to include those species with distinct tubercles on pronotum. + + +The general appearance of + +Onalcidion antonkozlovi + + +sp. nov. + +resembles that of + +O. lingafelteri + +, but differs as follows: elytral apex obliquely truncate; dorsal surface of elytra with white pubescent macula on anterior half. In + +O. lingafelteri + +, the elytral apex has the outer angle triangularly projected, and the anterior half of the elytra lacks a white pubescent macula. Furthermore, the +holotype +female of + +O. lingafelteri + +has a distinct spot with dark and erect setae on the dorsal surface of posterior half, which suggests it belongs to + +Trichalcidion +Monné & Delfino, 1981 + +, and the abdominal ventrite V is proportionally shorter and wider basally. + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named in honor of Anton O. Kozlov, who sent the specimen for study and donated the +holotype +for MZSP collection. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F4367FFABFF56FAB2FB2CF81E.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4367FFABFF56FAB2FB2CF81E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f16294f888 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4367FFABFF56FAB2FB2CF81E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Glenea +( +Glenea +) +fasciata +( +Fabricius, 1781 +) + + + + + + + + + +Stenocorus fasciatus + +Fabricius, 1781: 227 + + +. + + + + + +Glenea fasciata + +; + + +Jordan +, 1894: 252 + + +. + + + + + +Glenea + +(s.s.) + +fasciata + +; + +Lepesme, 1953: 81 + +. + + + +Hemilocallia grishami + +Ramírez Hernández +et al. +, 2019: 6 + +. +Syn. nov. +(genus and species). + + + + +Saperdini +is one of the most diverse tribes in +Cerambycidae (Lamiinae) +, with 155 genera ( +Tavakilian & Chevillotte, 2018 +). Recently, + +Ramírez Hernández +et al. +(2019) + +described +Hemilocallia grishami +based on a single male specimen collected in +Peru +(see photograph of the +holotype +at +Bezark 2019 +). A few days after publication, our friend Herbert Schmid (City, +Austria +?) alerted us to the synonymy between this species and + +Glenea +( +Glenea +) +fasciata + +, an African species. Accordingly, +Hemilocallia +is a junior synonym of + +Glenea +( +Glenea +) + +, and +H. grishami +is a junior synonym of + +G. +( +G. +) +fasciata + +. + + +It is important to mention that all American +Saperdini +have the claws simple and divaricate (see +Linsley & Chemsak 1985 +, +1995 +). However, several non-American species, belonging to several genera, have the tarsal claws bifid or appendiculate, at least in males. Although it is usually mentioned in the literature that only the male’s foreleg claws of some species of + +Glenea +Newman, 1842 + +have the tarsal claws modified, males of + +G. +( +G. +) +fasciata + +have all tarsal claws appendiculate. + + + + +Since only a single specimen was collected in +Peru +, we do not know if the species is established in that country. For a complete list of references on + +G. +( +G. +) +fasciata + +, see +Tavakilian & Chevillotte (2018) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F4368FFA2FF56F881FC0BFD1A.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4368FFA2FF56F881FC0BFD1A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eed07b4b608 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4368FFA2FF56F881FC0BFD1A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Vitacinis + +gen. nov. + + + + + + +Etymology +. Latin, “vita” (life), cinis (ash), which means life through the ashes, and life after ruin; referring to the Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do +Rio de Janeiro +( +Brazil +). In honor of all the researchers who work or worked in the MNRJ, which was destroyed by fire on +September 2, 2018 +. Masculine gender. + + + + +FIGURES 1–7 +. +1–2 +, + +Leptostylus retrorsus + +, dorsal habitus: +1 +, Female; +2 +, Lectotype male. +3–6 +, + +Trichalcidion penicillum + +, male: +3 +, Dorsal habitus; +4 +, Head, frontal view; +5 +, Ventral habitus; +6 +, Lateral habitus. +7 +, + +Lagocheirus araneiformis flavolineatus + +, dorsal habitus. + + + + + +Type +species + +. + +Vitacinis luziae + + +sp. nov. + +, here designated. + + + + +Description +. +Male +. Body flattened, moderately slender. Head short, not elongate behind eyes; frons rectangular; genae, in its narrower area, about 0.2 times length of lower eye lobes; distance between upper eye lobes about three times width of one upper lobe; antennae 11-segmented, distinctly longer than body; scape gradually widened toward apex, without remarkably long setae, without apical cicatrix; antennomeres filiform, without tuft of setae or remarkably long setae. Prothorax transverse; lateral tubercle large, with nearly acute apex (apex placed at about posterior quarter); sides gradually divergent toward apex of lateral tubercle, then abruptly narrowed. Pronotum with five gibbosities: one irregular, rounded at apex, slightly elevate on each side after midlength; one moderately elevate, nearly conical on each side of anterior third (distance between then narrower than posterior gibbosities); another elongate, moderately elevate from posterior quarter to about midlength, placed centrally. Narrowest area of prosternal process 1/6 width of procoxal cavity. Narrowest area of mesoventral process 0.3 times width of mesocoxal cavity. Metaventrite short, about as long as prothorax. Elytra cuneiform; with slightly elevate basal crest without erect setae; dorsal surface with distinct carina from about anterior quarter to posterior quarter, closer to lateral margin than suture; humeral carina present only at anterior half; inclined lateral area with distinct carina from about anterior third to near apex; apex slightly obliquely truncate, with outer angle projected and sutural angle rounded; with distinctly sparse, moderately short erect setae. Femora pedunculate-clavate, without distinct long setae; metafemora not remarkably long. Tibiae cylindrical, slightly, gradually widened toward apex, without distinct long setae. Metatarsomere I longer than twice length of II–III together. Abdominal process remarkably large, causing the metacoxae to be distinctly apart; ventrite I laterally narrower than II; II–IV increasing in length; ventrite V moderately slender, remarkably long, about 2.5 times length of IV, distinctly narrowed posteriorly. Females unknown. + + + + +Remarks +. + +Vitacinis + +gen. nov. +differs from all the other American genera of +Acanthocinini +by the abdominal ventrite V of males remarkably narrow and long, making it similar to that of females of some genera. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F4368FFA4FF56FE3FFE01F90C.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4368FFA4FF56FE3FFE01F90C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b685a856607 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F4368FFA4FF56FE3FFE01F90C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,237 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Lagocheirus araneiformis flavolineatus +Aurivillius, 1921 + + + + + + + +( +Figure 7 +) + + + + + + +Lagochirus +[sic] +flavolineatus + +Aurivillius, 1921: 52 + + +. + + + + + +Lagocheirus araneiformis flavolineatus + +; + +Monné, 2018: 59 + +(cat.) + + + + + +According to +Aurivillius (1921) +: “Long. Corporis +20–25 mm +”; and, “Columbien Collectio VAN ROON.—Amazonas, Reichsmuseum in Stockholm.” The first affirmation implies that Aurivillius had, at least, two specimens when de- scribed the species. Although he had mentioned a male, he did not designate a specimen as +holotype +. Accordingly, there are +syntypes +. Even so, the species has been mentioned as having a +holotype +specimen (e.g. Toledo & Hovore 2005). The information about localities provided by +Aurivillius (1921) +suggests that one specimen is from +Colombia +and the other from “Amazonas”. The latter place could be the Amazonas River ( +Brazil +or +Peru +), the Brazilian state of Amazonas, Peruvian department of Amazonas, or Colombian region currently corresponding to the department of Amazonas. Currently, the +syntypes +are deposited in the NHRS and RMNH. According to Hans Huijbregts (RMNH; personal communication): “I have found 3 flavolineatus specimens from +Colombia +in the van Roon collection. There is only one label “flavolineatus” written by van Roon which was originally on the bottom of the box. There are no labels written by Aurivillius. They could well be +syntypes +but there is no proof these are really the specimens seen by Aurivillius.” Unfortunately, we could not see the +syntype +deposited in the NHRS. We prefer to not provide a photograph of the specimen from the former van Roon collection without examining the +syntype +deposited in the NHR. However, the specimen photographed by Hans Huijbregts agrees perfectly with the specimens from +Ecuador +illustrated in +Bezark (2019) +. + + +Dillon (1957) +synonymized + +L. flavolineatus + +with + +L. rosaceus +Bates, 1869 + +. Toledo & Hovore (2005) considered + +L. flavolineatus + +as distinct from + +L. rosaceus + +, and revalidated it as a subspecies of + +L. araneiformis + +, stating: “Because material from nearby lower elevation sites in +Ecuador +exhibits phenotype intermediacy with + +araneiformis + +, it seems prudent at present to regard + +flavolineatus + +as a subspecies of + +Lagocheirus araneiformis + +.” We agree with Toledo & Hovore (2005), especially because we do not know where the type(s) of + +L. araneiformis + +is/are deposited, making comparisons impossible. According to +Horn & Kahle (1935) +, concerning the former owner of the type(s) of + +L. araneiformis + +: “Brünnich, Morten Thrane ( +1737–1827 +), Sammlg, an Zool. Mus. Kopenhagen.” However, the website of the +ZMUC (2018) +did not list the type(s) as being present in that institution. There are five specimens deposited in the LSUK from former Linnaeus collection ( +LSUK 2018 +). From those specimens, only one has a label, apparently, handwritten by Linnaeus himself ( +Fig. 8 +) because the calligraphy agrees very well with that figured in +Horn & Kahle (1937) +( +Fig. 9 +). Even so, we do not know if the specimen is the +holotype +or if it was identified by Linnaeus after the original description. The other three specimens were incorporated into the Linnaeus collection by J. E. Smith, because they have a label indicating “W. Roe”. According to +Fitton & Harman (2007) +: “Contributors to Smith’s collection included S. Wilkin, T. Marsham, A. Macleay, W. Roe...” The last specimen has no label, and its origin cannot be tracked. + + + + +Material examined +. + +PERU +( +new country record +), + +Loreto + +: +Iquitos-Nauta +road km 28, +1 male +, + +I.2016 + +, no collector indicated ( +MZSP +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F436AFFA4FF56FA00FD19FE97.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436AFFA4FF56FA00FD19FE97.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97cf3b7e7d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436AFFA4FF56FA00FD19FE97.xml @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Trichalcidion penicillum +Monné & Delfino, 1981 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 3–6 +) + + + + + + +Trichalcidion penicillum + +Monné & Delfino, 1981: 261 + + +; + +Monné, 2018: 183 + +(cat.). + + + + + +Description +. +Male +. Integument mostly dark brown; mouthparts dark reddish brown except blackish distal palpomeres; posterior area of gulamentum reddish brown; antennomeres III–V brown with dark–brown apex; antennomeres VI–VII yellowish brown on basal half, reddish-brown, gradually darkened toward apex (missing antennomeres VIII–XI); antennal tubercles with wide black macula basally; pronotum with anterior gibbosities partially black, and with one elliptical black macula on each side of posterior half; elytra black on narrow area close to sides of scutellum, and on subcircular areas on posterior half; scutellum black laterally; coxae reddish brown; peduncle of femora dark reddish brown; protibiae with wide dark reddish-brown ring about middle; meso- and metatibiae with wide dark reddish-brown ring before middle; basal half of meso- and metatarsomere I reddish-brown; meso- and metatarsomere V reddish brown, gradually darkened toward apex; distal area of abdominal ventrites I–IV yellowish-brown. + + +Head +. Frons moderately coarsely, sparsely punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, yellower close to eyes and clypeus, interspersed with long, erect, sparse setae, brownish basally, yel- low toward apex. Vertex finely, sparsely punctate (punctures sparser centrally); with yellowish-brown pubescence on central area between antennal tubercles, not obscuring integument, sparser yellowish-brown on remaining wide central area of vertex, except narrow yellow pubescent band close to upper eye lobes, and small, diamond glabrous area on central region between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes. Antennal tubercles finely, densely punctate; with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument on dark area (looking blackish due to the color of integument), yellowish brown, partially obscuring integument on remaining surface except glabrous apex. Area behind eyes with yellowish-brown pubescence close to eye (this area narrowed toward inferior side of lower eye lobe), gradually bristly toward inferior side of lower eye lobe, glabrous on remaining surface. Genae with yellowish-brown pubescence distinctly not obscuring integument, especially toward ventral surface, except glabrous distal area. Postclypeus transversely divided by narrow carina, with anterior area distinctly lower than posterior one; with yellow pubescence centrally on area close to frons, glabrous laterally; with yellow pubescence on wide central region of lower area, glabrous laterally; with long, erect, sparse yellow setae on pubescent area, especially anteriorly. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus at posterior 3/4, inclined at anterior quarter; with yellowish-brown pubescence, not obscuring integument, interspersed with some long, erect setae of same color on posterior 3/4, nearly glabrous on posterior quarter. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous on large posterior area, slightly depressed, densely, minutely punctate anteriorly; with short grayish-white pubescence on depressed area, not obscuring integument. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.16 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.52 times length of scape. Antennae (from base of scape to apex of antennomere VII) 2.0 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at distal third of antennomere V; with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, slightly darker on darkened area of antennomeres; antennomeres III–IV with a few short, sub-erect, dark spine-shaped setae ventrally, and long, erect yellowish setae also ventrally. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.87; pedicel = 0.08; IV = 1.02; V = 0.93; VI = 0.83; VII = 0.82. + + +Thorax +. Prothorax 1.3 times wider than long; with narrow, distinctly constricted anteriorly near margin; sides widely rounded centrally, with posterior area of this area forming conical tubercles on sides of pronotum; area between lateral tubercle and posterior margin moderately narrowed, parallel-sided. Pronotum with large U-shaped gibbosity in central region of anterior half, distinctly more elevate laterally; area inside of U-shaped gibbosity depressed, especially toward anterior margin, coarsely, moderately sparsely punctate centrally, and a few small asperities anteriorly; coarsely, moderately sparsely puncture on sides of central area; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on posterior quarter (punctures coarser and deeper than remaining central punctures; forming sinuous two rows); sides coarsely, sparsely punctate toward rounded sides of prothorax; remaining surface smooth; pubescence mostly pale yellow, with irregular yellow pubescent macula on sides of anterior half, sparser and brownish on dark areas (looking darker due to the color of integument), narrow yellow macula close to outer side of U-shaped gibbosity, and yellow pubescent band on center of distal half (denser close to posterior margin). Sides of prothorax with pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, slightly sparser anteriorly. Ventral surface of thorax with yellowish-brown pubescence, partially obscuring integument on some areas (more grayish-white depending on light intensity), yellower on sides of mesothorax. Scutellum with brownish pubescence on dark areas, yellowish centrally. +Elytra +. Coarsely, sparsely punctate; with dense tuft of long, dark setae on anterior and posterior crests; pubescence mostly yellowish brown, irregularly interspersed with yellower pubescence, except: black areas with brownish pubescence (looking darker due to the color of integument); narrow, interrupted white pubescent band on innermost carina, distinctly curved sideward posteriorly; white pubescent spot on outermost dorsal carina before midlength; white pubescent band close to suture on posterior third; moderately wide, longitudinal yellow pubescent band on posterior third, between innermost carina and suture; narrowly yellow pubescent on remaining surface of dorsal carinae. Elytral surface with moderately long, dark, sparse setae; apex widely, obliquely truncate, with spiniform outer angle. +Legs +. Femora with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, interspersed with long, erect yellowish-white setae on distal half. Tibiae with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, interspersed with long, erect yellowish-white setae throughout. Tarsi with yellowish pubescence on light area, brownish, sparser on darker area. + + +Abdomen +. Ventrites with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument (looking grayish-white or brownish depending on light intensity), interspersed with long, erect yellowish setae laterally (more abundant on V); distal margin of ventrite V distinctly notched semi circularly, with sides forming long spiniform projection. + + +Dimensions (mm) +. Total length, 10.10; prothoracic length, 1.70; anterior prothoracic width, 1.75; posterior prothoracic width, 1.90; maximum prothoracic width, 2.25; humeral width, 3.20; elytral length, 7.05. + + + + +Material examined +. + +COLOMBIA +( +new country record +), + +Santander + +: NE of +Bucaramanga +(near Morro Ventanas; +07º08’43”N +/ +73º01’52”W +; + +2250 m + +), +1 male +, + +13-15.IV.2017 + +, +Sinyaev +& +Pinilla +col. ( +MZSP +) + +. + + + + +Remarks +. The male examined is the second formally known specimen of the species. The +holotype +female from +Venezuela +( +Barinas +, San Isidro, +14 km +S La Soledad) was deposited in the MNRJ and, unfortunately, was destroyed in the recent fire ( +September 2, 2018 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F436AFFA6FF56FD96FC20FAB6.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436AFFA6FF56FD96FC20FAB6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88fc483e84f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436AFFA6FF56FD96FC20FAB6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Leptostylus retrorsus +Bates, 1885 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 1–2 +) + + + + + + +Leptostylus retrorsus + +Bates, 1885: 387 + + +; + +Monné, 2018: 85 + +(cat.). + + + +Bates (1885) +described + +L. retrorsus + +based, apparently, on a single specimen from +Panama +. It is possible to infer this because he provided one unique length: “4¾ lin. [≈ +10.1 mm +].” When Bates had more than one specimen, he provided the range as, for example, in the description of + +Leptostylus fuligineus + +, in the same work: “Long. 3½-4½.” Even so, +Chemsak & Linsley (1970) +designated +lectotype +for + +L. retrorsus + +( +Fig. 2 +). Although it is not a serious problem, it is important to know that if there are more specimens in the BMNH and/or other institutions, identified as + +L. retrorsus + +(even by Bates himself), from the same place as the +holotype +/ +lectotype +, they are not +paralectotypes +. This is because the existence of +syntypes +is not supported by the original description. According to +ICZN (1999 +: Article 73.1.2): “if the nominal species-group taxon is based on a single specimen, either so stated or implied in the original publication, that specimen is the +holotype +fixed by monotypy.” The single measurement provided in the original description is evidence that Bates had a single specimen when described the species. + + + + +The specimen from +Ecuador +( +Fig. 1 +) agrees well with the photograph of the +lectotype +( +Fig. 2 +) deposited at BMNH. Therefore, its geographical distribution extends from Central America ( +Costa Rica +, +Panama +) to northern South America.According to +Bates (1885) +, the dark macula placed about middle of the elytra is V-shaped. However, sometimes that macula is more widened close to suture, becoming something like an inverted triangle. Furthermore, there is another V-shaped macula, slightly brownish, from near humeri to about midlength, slightly distinct in some specimens, but well-marked in others. + + + + +Material examined +. + + +ECUADOR +( + +new country record + +), +Pichincha +: + +Río Pachijal +(Los Bancos; +00º04’06”N +/ +78º54’17”W +; + +928m + +), +1 female +, + +29.X.2011 + +, +V. Sinyaev +col. ( +MZSP +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F436DFFA0FF56FC52FDB8F8A7.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436DFFA0FF56FC52FDB8F8A7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c5d3c05794b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436DFFA0FF56FC52FDB8F8A7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Nealcidion antonkozlovi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 14–17 +) + + +Description +. +Female +. Integument mostly dark brown, almost black in some areas; apex of last palpomeres reddish brown; anterior area of labrum reddish brown; antennae gradually yellowish brown toward distal segments; tibiae with yellowish-brown ring close to midlength; metatarsomere I reddish-brown on basal half. + + +Head +. Frons nearly square, finely, shallowly, sparsely punctate; with light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, more whitish close to eyes; with a few long, black, thick setae close to eyes. Vertex with light yellowish-brown pubescence, interspersed with short, thick white setae, except glabrous, central diamond area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes. Antennal tubercles with light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, denser, slightly longer on narrow distal area. Area behind upper eye lobes with pubescence and setae as on vertex; area behind lower eye lobes with yellowish pubescence close to eyes, bristly close inferior side, glabrous on remaining surface. Genae minutely, transversely striate close to eye, smooth on remaining surface; with moderately sparse grayish-white pubescence toward ventral surface, glabrous on remaining surface; with a few long, erect, dark setae close to eye. Postclypeus transversely divided by narrow carina, with anterior area lower than posterior one; with light yellowish-brown pubescence on wide central area, not obscuring integument, glabrous laterally; with one long, erect, dark seta on each side of wide central area. Labrum slightly inclined anteriorly; with sparse grayish-white pubescence interspersed with long dark setae directed forward. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous on wide posterior area, depressed with short grayish-white pubescence not obscuring integument anteriorly, with long, erect, moderately sparse dark setae close to anterior margin. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.15 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.47 times length of scape. Antennae about 2.0 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at distal half of antennomere VI; scape with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, interspersed with short, decumbent, thick white setae dorsally and laterally, with row of long, erect, moderately sparse dark setae at central 2/4 of ventral surface, distinctly denser, not forming row at posterior quarter; antennomeres III–X with narrow, dense ring with whitish pubescence basally, and brownish pubescence (lighter toward distal segments) not obscuring integument on remaining surface; basal antennomeres with short, decumbent, thick, sparse white setae dorsally; antennomeres III–V with long, erect brownish setae ventrally, distinctly sparser in V; antennomere XI with basal and apical ring with whitish pubescence. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.92; pedicel = 0.09; IV = 0.83; V = 0.61; VI = 0.54; VII = 0.47; VIII = 0.46; IX = 0.46; X = 0.45; XI = 0.48. + + +Thorax +. Prothorax with large, rounded tubercle about middle. Pronotum with tree large gibbosities, one elongate, oblique on each side of anterior half, another subelliptical, starting at posterior half, following slightly carina-shaped toward anterior quarter; coarsely, deeply, moderately sparsely punctate posteriorly, shallowly, sparsely punctate laterally and anteriorly; area on lateral gibbosities, and subcircular macula after lateral gibbosities with dark, slightly conspicuous pubescence (area between those areas with sparse pale pubescence interspersed with short, decumbent, thick white setae); central area with sparse pale pubescence interspersed with short, decumbent, thick white setae; area on each side of gibbosities with wide, longitudinal, sinuous yellowish-brown pubescent band, prolonged toward sides posteriorly (center of this latter area with projection forward); remaining surface with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, sparser posteriorly, interspersed with short, decumbent, thick white setae; with a few long, erect yellowish setae posteriorly. Sides of prothorax with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, more grayish-white on some areas, interspersed with short, decumbent, thick white setae. Ventral surface of thorax with light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument (more whitish depending on light intensity); with moderately short, sparse, decumbent whitish setae on sides of metaventrite. Scutellum with yellowish brown pubescence centrally, brownish, slightly conspicuous laterally. +Elytra +. Coarsely, abundantly rugose-punctate on basal half, sparsely, shallowly punctate on distal half; basal crests slightly elevate, with dense tuft of dark setae directed forward; with moderately distinct carina from basal crest to posterior quarter, and another carina, less distinct, between the former and inclined area; with three rows of small, sparse tufts with dark, short, setae, one along each dorsal carina, another on border between dorsal and inclined area; with grayish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, interspersed with yellowish-brown pubescence except small yellowish-white pubescent spots on sides of middle, and large, irregular yellowish-white macula close to suture slightly after middle; with short, decumbent, thick, sparse white setae throughout; apex obliquely truncate. +Legs +. Femora with slightly conspicuous brownish pubescence interspersed with irregular, large areas with yellowish-white pubescence, except posterior half of club without yellowish-brown pubescence, and with distal ring with yellowish pubescence; entire surface with short, decumbent, thick white setae. Tibiae with moderately sparse yellowish-white pubescent ring basally, with yellowish-white pubescent ring on light area, with brownish slightly conspicuous pubescence on remaining surface, except brownish tuft on dorsal sulcus of mesotibiae; with sparse, decumbent, thick white setae on dark areas; with sub-erect yellowish-brown setae on posterior half of meso- and metatibiae. Light area of metatarsomere I with yellowish-white pubescence; remaining areas of tarsi with brownish pubescence. + + +Abdomen +. Last tergite narrow, acute, partially not covered by elytra. Ventrites with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument (more grayish-white depending on light intensity), interspersed with decumbent, moderately short whitish setae; sides of ventrites I–IV with yellowish-brown pubescent spot on each side; posterior area of ventrite V with long, erect, dark setae; apex of ventrite V narrowly rounded, slightly emarginate centrally. + + +Dimensions (mm) +. Total length, 11.90; prothoracic length, 1.70; anterior prothoracic width, 2.10 (2.35, slightly after anterior margin); posterior prothoracic width, 2.70; maximum prothoracic width (between apex of lateral tubercles), 2.90; humeral width, 4.40; elytral length, 8.95. + + + + +Type material +. + +Holotype +female from +ECUADOR +, + +Pichincha + +: +Camping Tambo Tanda +( +0º01’22”S +/ +78º38’48”W +; + +1969 m + +), + +25.X.2011 + +, +V. Sinyaev +col. ( +MZSP +). + + + + + +Remarks +. The general appearance of + +Nealcidion antonkozlovi + + +sp. nov. + +is much like that of + +N. antennatum +Monné & Monné, 2009 + +, but differs by the presence of rows of tufts with dark setae on elytra, which are absent in the latter. According to Charyn Micheli, (personal communication) on the +holotype +of + +N. antennatum + +: “There are two main tufts on the basal crests. The black spots along the costae appear slightly, in some cases, longer than the surrounding pubescence, but I would not call them tufts.” Furthermore, the general elytral pubescence is more grayish-brown, while it is more yellowish-brown in + +N. antennatum + +, without a distinct transverse, sinuous band at about midlength (present in + +N. antennatum + +), and with sparse, decumbent, thick white setae throughout (absent in + +N. antennatum + +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named in honor of Anton O. Kozlov, who sent the specimen for study and donated the +holotype +for MZSP collection. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/87/1602879F436EFFA1FF56FC8AFBD1FC73.xml b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436EFFA1FF56FC8AFBD1FC73.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..be180c2917e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/87/1602879F436EFFA1FF56FC8AFBD1FC73.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +New records, new genera, and new species in Acanthocinini (Lamiinae) from the Neotropical region, and new synonym in Cerambycinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) + + + +Author + +Monné, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Nascimento, Francisco E. De L. + + + +Author + +Monné, Marcela L. + + + +Author + +Santos-Silva, Antonio + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +491 +506 + + + +journal article +26332 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.3 +8c295c37-8139-475d-978e-ea626e787d3c +1175-5326 +3265554 +2BE27FEB-2F55-4853-825C-27C817036BFE + + + + + + + +Vitacinis luziae + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 10–13 +) + + +Description +. +Male +. Integument mostly dark brown, almost black; mouthparts dark reddish brown in some areas; anteclypeus dark reddish brown; labrum reddish brown; antennae dark reddish brown, slightly, gradually lighter toward distal segments; trochanters and femoral peduncle yellowish brown; femoral club irregularly variegated with dark reddish-brown areas; pro- and mesotibiae with dark reddish-brown ring centrally; metatibiae with yellowishbrown central ring, gradually darker toward ventral surface. + + +Head +. Frons densely micropunctate, interspersed with fine, sparse punctures; with yellowish-white pubescence (more whitish depending on light intensity) not obscuring integument, whiter, denser close to eyes; with moderately long, erect, sparse dark setae throughout. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes with a few fine punctures laterally, smooth, depressed, glabrous in diamond central area; with yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, wither close to eyes and margins of glabrous diamond area. Remaining surface of vertex glabrous, with distinct glabrous projection toward area between upper eye lobes each side of central pubescent band. Antennal tubercles densely micropunctate, with pubescence sparser than on central area of frons. Area behind eyes pubescent close to eye, glabrous on wide area close to prothorax, pubescence gradually yellower toward lower eye lobes; with moderately long, erect dark setae behind inferior area of lower eye lobes. Genae with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, interspersed with a few moderately long, erect dark setae. Postclypeus transversely divided by narrow carina, with anterior area distinctly lower than posterior one; with yellowish-white pubescence on wide central area, not obscuring integument, interspersed with long, erect dark setae, glabrous laterally. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus at posterior half, inclined at anterior half; with minute, sparse yellowish-white pubescence, and transverse row of long, erect, dark setae centrally. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous posteriorly, depressed with minute yellowish setae interspersed with a few long, erect brownish setae anteriorly. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.26 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.39 times length of scape. Antennae 2.5 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex near apex of antennomere V; posterior third of scape, pedicel, and antennomeres III–VII with long, erect, dark, thick setae ventrally, sparser from IV. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.85; pedicel = 0.14; IV = 0.86; V = 0.72; VI = 0.65; VII = 0.57; VIII = 0.45; IX = 0.42; X = 0.35; XI = 0.31. + + +Thorax +. Prothorax with narrow, distinct constriction anteriorly. Pronotum coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate along central area, except smooth central gibbosity; coarsely, moderately abundant punctate laterally except nearly smooth anterior third; coarsely, sparsely punctate anteriorly close to margin except smooth central area; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on posterior quarter (punctures coarser and deeper than remaining central punctures; forming sinuous two rows); pubescence pale yellow centrally and laterally, slightly yellower anteriorly and posteriorly in central area, except glabrous area close to apex of central gibbosity, yellowish brown between central area and sides except white spot on each side of anterior third. Sides of prothorax nearly smooth; with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Ventral surface of thorax with pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument (more grayish-white depending on light intensity). Scutellum with yellowish-brown pubescence on large triangular centrobasal area, with narrow yellowish-brown pubescent band laterally (whiter toward apex). +Elytra +. Coarsely, moderately abundant punctate (punctures slightly sparser toward apex); pubescence mostly yellowish-brown except irregular, large, oblique yellowish-white band on anterior third, irregular whitish pubescent maculae before midlength (including on inclined area), and irregular yellowish-white pubescent maculae on posterior half, and glabrous basal crests; sides of posterior eight parallel-sided. +Legs +. Femora with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, sparser on peduncle; dorsal surface of mesofemora with short, erect, sparse brownish setae. Tibiae with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, slightly bristly toward apex, except dorsal sulcus of mesotibiae with brownish, dense pubescence; with moderately short, sparse dark setae ventrally. + + +Abdomen +. Ventrites with pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous posterior area of I–IV; ventrite V with moderately long, erect setae, distinctly denser posteriorly. + + +Dimensions (mm) +. Total length, 10.50; prothoracic length, 1.40; anterior prothoracic width, 1.55; posterior prothoracic width, 1.80; maximum prothoracic width (between apex of lateral tubercles), 2.25; humeral width, 2.75; elytral length, 5.75. + + + + +Type material +. + +Holotype +male from +COLOMBIA +, + +Cesar + +: +Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta +( + +8 km +N Pueblo Bello + +; +10º30’57”N +/ +73º34’26”W +; + +2700 m + +), + +13–16.VII.2017 + +, +Sinyaev +& +Pinilla +col. ( +MZSP +). + + + + + +Etymology +. The new species is named after “Luzia”. The woman’s name refers to the skull found in the region of Lagoa Santa ( +Brazil +, +Minas Gerais +). This skull is among the oldest human fossils found in America and was recently damaged in the fire which destroyed the MNRJ, but thankfully not lost completely + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/8C/16028C7D870AF4138BBB3AC9C5BBA8BE.xml b/data/16/02/8C/16028C7D870AF4138BBB3AC9C5BBA8BE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7e0e42a20d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/8C/16028C7D870AF4138BBB3AC9C5BBA8BE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +651 +689 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Myrica aethiopica +Linnaeus + +, + +Mantissa Plantarum Altera + +: 298. 1771 + + +, +nom. illeg. + + + +"Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 7412. + + + +Replaced synonym: + +Myrica conifera +Burm. f. (1768) + +. + + + +Type not designated. + + + +Current name: + + +Myrica conifera + +Burm. f. + +( +Myricaceae +). + + + + +Note: +A superfluous name for + +Myrica conifera +Burm. f. (1768) + +, as noted by Killick (in +Bothalia +10: 7. 1969). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/02/D3/1602D3681BAC6F5F9C5497898627A4AF.xml b/data/16/02/D3/1602D3681BAC6F5F9C5497898627A4AF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2d8b32688d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/02/D3/1602D3681BAC6F5F9C5497898627A4AF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +806 +877 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Sisymbrium tenuifolium +Linnaeus + +, + +Centuria I Plantarum + +: 18. 1755 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Gallia, Italia, Helvetia." RCN: 4782. + + + +Lectotype +(Hedge in Cafferty & Jarvis in +Taxon +51: 536. 2002): [icon] + +" +Eruca tenuifolia +perennis flore luteo" + +in Bauhin & Cherler, Hist. Pl. Univ. 2: 861. 1651. - +Epitype +(Hedge in Cafferty & Jarvis in +Taxon +51: 536. 2002): France. Camargue. Tour du Valat, SE of Mas; 11 Jun 1968, +Kendrick & Moyes 230 +(BM-000576296). + + + + +Current name: + + +Diplotaxis tenuifolia + +(L.) + +DC. ( +Brassicaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14CFFE9B02B63A2FD7FFE42.xml b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14CFFE9B02B63A2FD7FFE42.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b9ed5d2b790 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14CFFE9B02B63A2FD7FFE42.xml @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ + + + +A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay + + + +Author + +Graciolli, Gustavo + + + +Author + +Dick, Carl W. + + + +Author + +Gettinger, Donald + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1220 + + +35 +46 + + + +journal article +50747 +10.5281/zenodo.172544 +b163f489-d7f3-40d0-a048-a1baed987528 +1175­5326 +172544 + + + + + + + +Basilia carteri +Scott + + + + + + + +Distribution + + +Alto +Paraguay +(7, 10, 20), Amambay (12), Boquerón (*), Concepción (6, 13), Cordillera (4), Ñeembucú (14, *), Paraguarí (*), Presidente Hayes (1, 16, *). + + + + + +Paraguayan records ( +102 specimens +) + + + + +Alto +Paraguay + +: Bahía Negra, +4 females +, +4 males +from + +Myotis albescens +(É. Geoffroy) + +, +13.ii.1996 +; Estancia Parra Cué (Fuerte Olimpo), +2 females +, +5 males +from same host, +16.xii.1996 +; Fuerte Olimpo, +1 female +from + +Myotis nigricans +(Schinz) + +, +13.xii.1996 +; Destacamento Militar Gabino Mendoza, +10 females +, +7 males +from same host, +3–7.ix.1996 +. +Amambay +: Parque Nacional Cerro Corá, +2 females +, +2 males +from + +Myotis riparius +Handley + +, +26–30.iii.1996 +. +Boquerón +: * +Cañada +Elisa, +7 km +N, +14 km +E Mariscal E stigarribia, +1 female +, +2 males +from + +M. nigricans + +, +20.viii.1995 +. +Concepción +: Estancia Santa Clara (Estancia Cerrito), +4 females +, +1 male +from + +M. nigricans + +, +30.xi.1995 +; Parque Nacional Serranía de San Luis, +1 female +, +1 male +from same host, +9.xii.1996 +; +1 female +from + +M. riparius + +, +17.iv.1996 +. +Cordillera +: Estancia Sombrero, +1 female +, +2 males +from + +M. riparius + +, +15.x.1995 +. +Ñeembucu +: Estancia Yacaré, +1 male +from + +M. albescens + +, +12.v.1996 +; *Pilar, Tacuaras, +3 females +, +4 males +from same host, +12.xii.1900 +(Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). +Paraguarí +: *Sapucay, +4 females +, +2 males +from + +Eptesicus brasiliensis + +; +3 females +from unidentified bat (Guimarães & D´Andretta, 1956). +Presidente Hayes +: E stancia La Victoria, +1 female +from + +Eptesicus furinalis + +, +3.viii.1995 +; +1 female +, +3 males +from + +M. albescens + +, +1–3.viii.1995 +; +4 males +from + +M. nigricans + +, +3.viii.1995 +; Estancia Loma Porá, +1 female +from + +M. nigricans + +, +25.i.1997 +; +11 females +, +9 males +from + +M. albescens + +, +22–25.i.1997 +; *Makthlawaiya, +2 females +, +2 males +from + +Molossops temminckii + +, +20.i.1927 +( +Scott 1936 +). + + + + +Remarks + + +Based on results from the present survey, + +B. carteri + +is primarily associated with three species of + +Myotis + +in +Paraguay +( +Table 2 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14DFFEAB02B66FBFCD2FCDA.xml b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14DFFEAB02B66FBFCD2FCDA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de543d6c331 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14DFFEAB02B66FBFCD2FCDA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + +A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay + + + +Author + +Graciolli, Gustavo + + + +Author + +Dick, Carl W. + + + +Author + +Gettinger, Donald + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1220 + + +35 +46 + + + +journal article +50747 +10.5281/zenodo.172544 +b163f489-d7f3-40d0-a048-a1baed987528 +1175­5326 +172544 + + + + + + + +Basilia bequaerti +Guimarães + +and D´Andretta + + + + + + +Distribution + +Concepción (13), Cordillera (4), Paraguarí (*). + + + + +Paraguayan records ( +32 specimens +) + + + +Concepción: +Parque Nacional Serranía de San Luis, +2 females +, +2 males +from + +E ptesicus furinalis + +(d´Orbigny), +10–14.iv.1996 +; +5 females +, +7 males +from same host, +6–11.xii.1996 +; +1 male +from + +Molossus + + +molossus +(Pallas) + +, +8.xii.1996 +. +Cordillera: +Estancia Sombrero, +1 female +, +1 male +from + +E. furinalis + +, +15.x.1995 +; +1 male +from same host, +17.ii.1997 +. +Paraguarí: +*Sapucay, +4 females +, +2 males +from + +Eptesicus brasiliensis +(Desmarest) + +, +10.vi.1901 +; +4 females +from same host, +29.xii.1901 +; +2 females +from same host (Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). + + + + +Remarks + + + +Eptesicus furinalis + +represents a new host record from this fly. The record from + +M. molossus + +is suspected a contaminant, given that two specimens of + +E. furinalis + +yielded samples of + +B. bequaerti + +from the same locality on the same day. Outside of +Paraguay +, + +B. bequaerti + +has been recorded from + +Micronycteris megalotis +(Gray) + +in +Colombia +and from an unidentified host in +Venezuela +( +Guimarães 1972 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14EFFE8B02B638AFEDEF8F5.xml b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14EFFE8B02B638AFEDEF8F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a2f0ef73a6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14EFFE8B02B638AFEDEF8F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,230 @@ + + + +A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay + + + +Author + +Graciolli, Gustavo + + + +Author + +Dick, Carl W. + + + +Author + +Gettinger, Donald + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1220 + + +35 +46 + + + +journal article +50747 +10.5281/zenodo.172544 +b163f489-d7f3-40d0-a048-a1baed987528 +1175­5326 +172544 + + + + + + + +Basilia speiseri +(Miranda­Ribeiro) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Distribution +
Alto Paraguay (7, 10),Concepción(6),Cordillera(4),Ñeembucú(*),Paraguarí(*),
Presidente Hayes (1, 16).
+ + + + +Paraguayan records ( +36 specimens +) + + + + +Alto +Paraguay + +: Estancia Parra Cué (Fuerte Olimpo), +3 females +from + +M. nigricans + +, +16–18.xii.1995 +; Bahía Negra, +1 female +, +1 male +from + +M. albescens + +, +13.ii.1996 +. +Concepción +: Estancia Cerrito, +3 females +, +2 males +from + +M. nigricans + +, +28.xi.1995 +. +Cordillera +: Estancia Sombrero, +1 male +from + +M. nigricans + +, +18.x.1995 +. +Ñeembucú +: *Pilar, Tacuaras, +1 female +from + +M. albescens + +, +12.xii.1900 +(Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). +Paraguarí +: *Sapucai, +3 females +, +2 males +from + +Eptesicus brasiliensis + +, +28.xii.1901 +; +2 females +from unidentified bat (Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). +Presidente Hayes +: E stancia La Victoria, +2 females +, +5 males +from + +M. nigricans + +, +3.viii.1995 +; +1 male +from + +M. albescens + +, +1.viii.1995 +; Estancia Loma Porá, +4 females +, +3 males +from + +M. nigricans + +, +27.vi.1996 +; +1 male +from same host, +22.i.1997 +; +1 female +from + +M. albescens + +, same date. + + + + +Remarks + + +During the present survey, + +B. speiseri + +was associated only with + +M. albescens + +and + +M. nigricans + +. However, nearly 85% of the +28 specimens +collected were associated with + +M. nigricans + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE8B02B6698FE2CFC32.xml b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE8B02B6698FE2CFC32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d7d95daf59 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE8B02B6698FE2CFC32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ + + + +A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay + + + +Author + +Graciolli, Gustavo + + + +Author + +Dick, Carl W. + + + +Author + +Gettinger, Donald + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1220 + + +35 +46 + + + +journal article +50747 +10.5281/zenodo.172544 +b163f489-d7f3-40d0-a048-a1baed987528 +1175­5326 +172544 + + + + + + + +Basilia plaumanni +Scott + + + + + + + +Distribution +Alto +Paraguay +(20), Boquerón (19, 24), Caaguazú (*), Canindeyú (21), Misiones (8). + +Paraguayan records ( +25 specimens +) + + + + +Alto +Paraguay + +: Destacamento Militar Gabino Mendoza, +4 females +, +3 males +from + +E. furinalis + +, +3.ix.1996 +. +Boquerón +: +Cañada +Mil (Pedro P. Peña), +2 females +, +5 males +from + +E. furinalis + +, +23.viii.1996 +; Dr. Pedro P. Peña, +1 male +from + +Histiotus macrotus +(Poeppig) + +, +19.viii.1996 +; Parque Nacional Teniente Enciso, +1 male +from + +Eptesicus diminutus +Osgood + +, +21.iii.1997 +. * +Caaguazú +: Paso Yobay, +3 females +, +3 males +from + +Histiotus montanus +(Philippi and Landbeck) + +(Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). +Canindeyú +: Estancia Rivas, +1 male +from + +E. furinalis + +, +3.x.1996 +. +Misiones +: Refugio Yabebyry — Santa Ana (Ayolas), +1 female +, +1 male +from + +E. furinalis + +, +8.i.1996 +. + + + + +Remarks + + +Although + +B. plaumanni + +was reported previously from Paraguayan + +H. montanus + +(Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956), this is the first report of the species from + +E. furinalis + +and + +E. diminutus + +in +Paraguay +. See discussion for information on host associations of + +B. plaumanni + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE9B02B6237FCA9FBD2.xml b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE9B02B6237FCA9FBD2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6eb635b494e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE9B02B6237FCA9FBD2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay + + + +Author + +Graciolli, Gustavo + + + +Author + +Dick, Carl W. + + + +Author + +Gettinger, Donald + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1220 + + +35 +46 + + + +journal article +50747 +10.5281/zenodo.172544 +b163f489-d7f3-40d0-a048-a1baed987528 +1175­5326 +172544 + + + + + + + +Basilia ferruginea +Miranda­Ribeiro + + + + + + + +Distribution + +Paraguarí (*). + + +Paraguayan record ( +1 specimen +) + + + + + +Paraguarí +: *Sapucay, +1 female +from unidentified bat (Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). + +Remarks: + + +Basilia ferruginea + +has been found on + +Lasiurus blossevillii +(Lesson & Garnot) + +in South +America +(including the Galapagos Islands) (Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956; +Whitaker & McCracken 2001 +) and on + +L. pfeifferi +(Gundlach) + +in +Cuba +(Guimarães & D´Andretta 1956). Our survey of +Paraguay +yielded no specimens of this species, although +12 specimens +of + +L. blossevillii + +were examined. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE9B02B64A7FD3EF91D.xml b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE9B02B64A7FD3EF91D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cbcc1b615dd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/31/1603316BD14FFFE9B02B64A7FD3EF91D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +A faunal survey of nycteribiid flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) associated with bats in Paraguay + + + +Author + +Graciolli, Gustavo + + + +Author + +Dick, Carl W. + + + +Author + +Gettinger, Donald + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1220 + + +35 +46 + + + +journal article +50747 +10.5281/zenodo.172544 +b163f489-d7f3-40d0-a048-a1baed987528 +1175­5326 +172544 + + + + + + + +Basilia juquiensis +Guimarães + + + + + + + +Distribution + +Canindeyú (21). + + +Paraguayan record ( +1 specimen +) + + + + + +Canindeyú +: Reserva Natural Privada Itabó (Estancia Rivas), +1 male +from + +M. riparius + +, +25.ix.1996 +. + + + + +Remarks + + +This is the first record of + +B. juquiensis + +in +Paraguay +. It has been reported from + +M. nigricans + +in +Brazil +( +Graciolli 2004 +) and from + +M. riparius + +in +Venezuela +and +Brazil +( +Guimarães 1972 +; +Graciolli 2004 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/87/160387C81D25D357FF1AFE3DFEBCFE79.xml b/data/16/03/87/160387C81D25D357FF1AFE3DFEBCFE79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fd59f1b1fe4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/87/160387C81D25D357FF1AFE3DFEBCFE79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + + +Gorditus rotundus, a new genus and species of Pentodontini from Cuba (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) + + + +Author + +Ratcliffe, Brett C. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2683 + + +56 +60 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.199376 +ddf9fa0d-d20a-48d0-bb63-713f1d9a37f6 +1175-5326 +199376 + + + + + + + +Gorditus rotundus +Ratcliffe + +, +new species + + + + +( +Figs. 1–5 +) + + + + + +Type +material. + +Holotype +male, labeled “ +Mina Carlota +/ +Trinidad +Mts/VII. ’39 +CUBA +/Parsons” and with my red +holotype +label. +Holotype +deposited at the +U. S. +National Collection (Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., +USA +). + + + +Holotype +. + +Male. Length 21.9 mm; width 12.4 mm. Form rotund, highly vaulted in lateral view. Color dark reddish brown. + +Head +: + +Frons on anterior half with large, confluent punctures, posterior half with only a few sparse punctures. Frontoclypeal region at center with low, transverse swelling. Clypeus with surface similar to that of anterior half of frons, lateral margin constricted before ocular canthus; apex attenuate, narrowly truncate, weakly reflexed. Interocular width equals 6.0 transverse eye diameters. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club short, subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7. Mandibles exposed, subtriangular. + +Pronotum +: + +Surface punctate; punctures large, deep, moderately dense in anterior two thirds, sparse in posterior third, becoming denser in anterior angles. Disc lacking tubercle or fovea. Base with marginal bead, bead obsolete at center. Lateral margins with sparse, very long, reddish brown setae. + +Elytra +: + +Sutural stria impressed. Surface nearly smooth, with minute, sparse punctures on sides in posterior half. + + +Pygidium +: + +Surface + +densely, completely rugulopunctate, with traces of a few long setae basolaterally on one side. In lateral view, surface regularly convex. + +Legs +: + +Protibia vaguely quadridentate, teeth subequally spaced from one another, basal tooth greatly reduced. Metatibia at apex truncate, with 12 bristles on left leg (some broken off), 19 on right leg. Protarsomeres 3–5 on right leg missing. Metatarsomeres 4–5 on left leg missing. + +Ve n te r +: + +Metasternum densely, setigerously punctate in anterior half, nearly smooth on posterior half; setae long, dense, reddish brown. Prosternal process small, laminate, narrowly subtriangular, hidden by long setae. Abdominal spiracles large, directed posteriorly. + +Parameres +: + +Figs. 3–4 +. Form simple, slightly tapering to apices. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is from the Latin + +rotundus + +, meaning round; used here in reference to the distinctly globular body form. + + + + +Distribution. + +Gorditus rotundus + +is known only from the +Trinidad +Mountains in Cienfuegos Province in south central +Cuba +( +Fig. 5 +). + + + +FIGURE 5. +Topographic map of Cuba showing highland areas (shaded) and distribution of + +Gorditus rotundus + +. Map courtesy of Sadalmelik, Wikimedia Commons. + + + +Locality records. +1 specimen +examined. + +CUBA +(1): + +CIENFUEGOS (1): +Mina Carlota +( +Trinidad +Mountains). + + +Temporal distribution. +July (1). + + + + +Diagnosis. +The generic diagnosis above will suffice, since there is only this single species known. Females of + +G. rotundus + +remain unknown. + + +Natural history. +Nothing is known of the life history of this species. The +type +locality is approximately +450 m +in elevation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/87/160387C81D27D350FF1AF9D0FAABFE65.xml b/data/16/03/87/160387C81D27D350FF1AF9D0FAABFE65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ed46c28415 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/87/160387C81D27D350FF1AF9D0FAABFE65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Gorditus rotundus, a new genus and species of Pentodontini from Cuba (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) + + + +Author + +Ratcliffe, Brett C. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2683 + + +56 +60 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.199376 +ddf9fa0d-d20a-48d0-bb63-713f1d9a37f6 +1175-5326 +199376 + + + + + + + +Gorditus +Ratcliffe + +, new genus + + + + + + + +Type +species + +. + +Gorditus rotundus + +here designated. + + + + +Description. +Body form oval ( +Fig. 1 +), highly vaulted posteriorly in lateral view ( +Fig. 2 +). Length about +22 mm +. Color reddish brown. Clypeus attenuate to a narrowly truncate apex. Interocular distance equals 6 transverse eye diameters. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club subequal in length to antennomeres 2–7. Mandibles exposed, subtriangular. Pronotum with moderately dense, large punctures; lateral margins with long, reddish brown setae. Elytra smooth, impunctate except for some minute punctures on sides in posterior half. +Pygidium +completely rugulopunctate. Protibia quadridentate. Metatibia at apex bluntly rounded. Metasternum with anterior half punctate and posterior half smooth. Abdominal spiracles noticeably large, directed posteriorly. + + + + +Distribution. +Cuba +. + + + + +FIGURES 1–2. + +Gorditus rotundus + +, dorsal and lateral habitus views of holotype. + + + + +FIGURES 3–4. + +Gorditus rotundus + +, parameres of holotype. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This genus shares some similarities with + +Endroedianibe +Chalumeau + +from +the Dominican +Republic, namely, the plump body form and the form of the apically constricted clypeus. The male parameres are also remarkably similar to those of + +E. bozzolai +Chalumeau. However + +, + +G. rotundus + +is notable for its large interocular distance (six transverse eye diameters); presence of long, reddish brown setae on the lateral margins of the pronotum; smooth elytral surface; +pygidium +completely rugulopunctate; metasternum with anterior half punctate and the posterior half smooth; and the remarkably large abdominal spiracles that are directed posteriorly. None of these traits are shared with + +Endroedianibe + +species. + +The abdominal spiracles are remarkably large and slightly protuberant, and they may have some correlation to life style or habitat. The fact that they are directed posteriorly is probably advantageous when burrowing through the soil, since soil might be less likely to enter the spiracle. However, many other soil dwelling dynastines do not have spiracles of this nature and seem not to have a problem with soil entering the spiracular opening. For the moment, then, the form of these unique spiracles remains an enigma. + + + +Etymology. +From the Spanish word “gordo,” meaning fat or plump, here used in the diminutive form, “gordito” for “little fat one” in reference to the small, plump body size. The genus is masculine in gender. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/87/160387C81D27D352FF1AFD8DFA5BFA40.xml b/data/16/03/87/160387C81D27D352FF1AFD8DFA5BFA40.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00848e2e82f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/87/160387C81D27D352FF1AFD8DFA5BFA40.xml @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ + + + +Gorditus rotundus, a new genus and species of Pentodontini from Cuba (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) + + + +Author + +Ratcliffe, Brett C. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2683 + + +56 +60 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.199376 +ddf9fa0d-d20a-48d0-bb63-713f1d9a37f6 +1175-5326 +199376 + + + + + + +Key to the genera of +Dynastinae +in +Cuba + + + + + + + +1. Mentum strongly expanded, covering bases of labial palpi. Body usually flattened (Phileurini) ............................... 2 + + +- Mentum not expanded, not covering bases of labial palpi. Body not strongly flattened ............................................. 5 + + + + + +2. Body strongly flattened. Elytra distinctly dilated laterally towards apices +..............................Planophileurus +Chapin + + + +- Body not strongly flattened. Elytra not noticeably dilated .......................................................................................... 3 + + + + + +3. Apex of metatibia with 3 large teeth. Tubercles or horns of frons located at sides of head +...... Homophileurus +Kolbe + + + +- Apex of metatibia with 1–2 large teeth. Tubercles or horns located on sides of head or not ...................................... 4 + + + + + +4. Tubercles or horns of frons located nearer center of head, far from lateral edge. Pronotum lacking fovea or anterior declivity; longitudinal furrow variable, usually lacking 2 small tubercles at anterior end + +.......... +Hemiphileurus + +Kolbe + + + + +- Tubercles or horns located near lateral margin of head. Pronotum with anterior, foveate cavity or broad declivity; longitudinal furrow strong, usually with 2 distinct tubercles at anterior end .................................. + +Phileurus +Latreille + + + + + + + +5. Head and pronotum lacking tubercles, horns, carinae, or fovea. Claw with onychium bisetose ( +Cyclocephalini +) .... 6 + + + +- Head and/or pronotum (whether males or females) with distinct tubercles, horns, carinae, or fovea. Claw with ony- chium bisetose to multisetose ...................................................................................................................................... 9 + + + + + +6. Clypeus with apex distinctly pointed or narrowly parabolic + +............................................................... +Mimeoma + +Casey + + + +- Clypeus with apex rounded, truncate, or emarginate but not distinctly pointed or narrowly parabolic ...................... 7 + + + + + +7. Clypeus transversely subtrapezoidal to trapezoidal in shape + +........................................................... +Dyscinetus + +Harold + + + +- Clypeus with apex rounded, truncate, subquadrate or emarginate ............................................................................... 8 + + + + + +8. Propygidium with long setae extending from beneath elytral apices +............................................... Chalepides +Casey + + + + +- Propygidium lacking long setae extending from beneath elytral apices + +...................................... +Cyclocephala + +Dejean + + + + + + +9. Apex of metatibia with distinct teeth. Sexual dimorphism usually distinct ( +Oryctini +). Protibia quadridentate ............ + +.............................................................................................................................................................. +Strategus + +Kirby + + + + +- Apex of metatibia usually truncate. Sexual dimorphism usually not well pronounced ( +Pentodontini +). Protibia triden- tate............................................................................................................................................................................... 10 + + + + + + +10. Mandibles with 2–3 teeth. Elytra with rows of punctures. + +............................................................... +Tomarus + +Erichson + + + + +- Mandibles entire, lacking teeth. Elytra smooth except for sutural stria + +....................... +Gorditus + +Ratcliffe, +new genus + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/A3/1603A3FDE319C239D31A05F976E34ED1.xml b/data/16/03/A3/1603A3FDE319C239D31A05F976E34ED1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..12785fe6cd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/A3/1603A3FDE319C239D31A05F976E34ED1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ + + + +Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) + + + +Author + +Heterick, Brian E. + + + +Author + +Castalanelli, Mark + + + +Author + +Shattuck, Steve O. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +700 + + +1 +420 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784 +1313-2970-700-1 +EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6 +EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6 + + + + +Melophorus translucens Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck +sp. n. + + + +Types. + +Holotype minor worker (bottom ant) from Swanbourne, Western Australia, 30 September 1987, B. Heterick, soil, native vegetation, urban dune, 295, 8MelBH21 [JDM32-001966]. Paratypes: Major worker on same pin and with same details as holotype (WAM); minor worker and two major workers from Bold Park +31°56'S +, +115°46'E +, Western Australia, 28 March 2002, P. Achour, pitfall trap, coastal woodland [JDM32-001968] (WAM); minor worker from near Perth, Western Australia, 1978, +M. +Rossbach, A1387C83 [JDM32-001973] (ANIC); minor worker from near Perth, Western Australia, 1978, +M. +Rossbach, A1387C83 [JDM32-001973] (MCZ). + + + +Other material examined. +Western Australia: Christmas Tree Well (Heterick, B.E. [M17/M53/M54]), Guilderton (Heterick, B.E. [JDM32-001970]). + + +Diagnosis. + +Melophorus translucens +is placed in the +M. ludius +species-group on the basis of molecular data. However, in morphological appearance this taxon shares major diagnostic characters with the +M. biroi +complex (viz, metatibia of major worker with only one preapical spur; clypeal psammophore placed anteriorly at or just above anterior margin of clypeus in the minor worker and often in the major worker; legs compact, and small body size [HW of smallest minor <0.40 mm, HW of largest major <1.10 mm]). Like the other three members of its species-group, +M. translucens +is characterised by being weakly sculptured overall, with the cuticle of the mesosoma visibly thin, the mesonotum being translucent to varying degrees and the mesopleuron either smooth or with vestigial sculpture only. In +Melophorus ltranslucens +the mesonotum is conspicuously translucent and its pale appearance often contrasts with the much more intense colour of the rest of the mesosoma (although some minor workers can be generally pale). +Melophorus translucens +is distinguished from both +M. ludius +and +M. pusillus +by its more elongate propodeum and propodeal spiracle. + + + +Minor worker description. + +Head. Head rectangular; posterior margin of head planar or weakly concave; frons shining with superficial shagreenation or microreticulation only; frons consisting exclusively or almost exclusively of well-spaced, appressed setae only (small, erect setae, if present, usually confined to ocular triangle or posterior margin of head). Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of side of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule, or set at about +midpoint +of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of head capsule; eyes elliptical or slightly reniform. In full-face view, frontal carinae concave; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anteromedial clypeal margin broadly and evenly convex; clypeal psammophore set at or just above anterior clypeal margin; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in minor worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately vertical or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining and mainly smooth, vestigial shagreenation most noticeable on humeri and mesopleuron; anterior mesosoma in profile pronotum smoothly rounded anteriad and flattened posteriad, mesonotum narrowly convex, or smoothly rounded anteriad, thereafter pronotum and whole of mesonotum flattened and on same plane as propodeum; appearance of erect pronotal setae short, (i.e., longest erect setae shorter than length of eye) and unmodified, or erect pronotal setae absent; in profile, metanotal groove shallow, indicated mainly by an angle; propodeum shining and shagreenate; propodeum smoothly rounded or with indistinct angle; propodeal dorsum and declivity confluent; erect propodeal setae always absent; appressed propodeal setulae sparse or absent, if present then not regularly spaced; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and longer (length ≥ 0.50 +x +height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded; node shining and smooth with vestigial sculpture. Gaster. Gaster shining, shagreenate ('LP +record' +appearance); pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of well-spaced, erect and semi-erect setae interspersed with regularly placed appressed setae, or consisting of well-spaced short, inconspicuous, appressed setae only, erect setae always absent. General characters. Colour of head, pronotum, propodeum orange or orange tan to brown, mesonotum translucent cream-yellow to yellow, gaster dark brown, appendages variably yellowish to brownish. + + + +Major worker description. + +Head. Head square; posterior margin of head planar or weakly concave; cuticle of frons shining with superficial shagreenation or microreticulation only; frons consisting exclusively or almost exclusively of well-spaced, appressed setae only (small, erect setae, if present, usually confined to ocular triangle or posterior margin of head). Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical. In full-face view, frontal carinae concave; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anterior clypeal margin straight; clypeal psammophore set at or just above anterior clypeal margin; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in major worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately aligned vertically or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining with indistinct microsculpture that is most pronounced on lower surfaces; anterior mesosoma in profile pronotum smoothly rounded anteriad and +flattened +posteriad, mesonotum narrowly convex; erect pronotal setae short, (i.e., shorter than length of eye) and unmodified; in profile, metanotal groove shallow, indicated mainly by an angle and metathoracic spiracles; propodeum shining and microreticulate; propodeum always smoothly rounded; propodeal dorsum and declivity confluent; erect propodeal setae absent; appressed propodeal setae sparse or absent, if present then not regularly spaced; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and longer (length ≥ 0.50 +x +height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node tapered with squared-off vertex; node shining and smooth with vestigial microreticulation anteriad. Gaster. Gaster shining, shagreenate ('LP +record' +appearance); pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of thick, appressed setae that form pubescence, interspersed with numerous short, bristly, erect setae. General characters. Colour of foreparts (excluding mesonotum) orange to orange tan, mesonotum yellow, gaster brown to dark brown. + + + +Measurements. +Worker (n = 4): CI 69-111; EI 20-36; EL 0.12-0.15; HL 0.46-0.69; HW 0.32-0.77; ML 0.59-0.90; MTL 0.34-0.48; PpH 0.05-0.07; PpL 0.27-0.43; SI 74-149; SL 0.47-0.57. + + +Comments. + +This species appears to be confined to white sand, with all bar one of the populations sampled occurring on the Swan Coastal Plain, WA (one collection was taken at Christmas Tree Well in the Darling Range). All of these samples have been collected in the vicinity of Perth but the ant probably has a broader distribution in suitable habitats. A nest examined by the principal author in white sand-dunes near Swanbourne Beach, Perth, WA was situated among low, coastal shrubs. The depigmented, almost transparent mesosoma (quite bulbous in the major worker) and obliquely elongate propodeal spiracle serve to distinguish it from most other ants, although pale forms of the tiny minor worker can be difficult to differentiate from those of +M. pusillus +. In such cases the smaller size of the eye in +M. translucens +is a useful diagnostic character. Minor workers can be colour variable, ranging from a depigmented yellow-and-white to dark brown-and-white, the depigmented mesonotum contrasting spectacularly with the rest of the mesosoma in the latter. + + +Given its generally unremarkable appearance, this ant appears to be surprisingly primitive. In both the bar-coding COI and the five-gene tree the species strongly assorts with +hirsutus +and, more broadly, forms with that latter species a sister-group relationship with +potteri +and +pusillus +, but falls within these latter on the three-gene tree. However, the species is retained in the +ludius +complex for now, based on its morphology, though it may eventually require separate complex or even species-group status. The species seems to have evolved earlier than the +M. biroi +species-group, based on branch length, and its current localized distribution may indicate a relictual status. + +Apart from its being apparently restricted to white, sandy soils, nothing more is known about this ant. + + +Etymology. + +Latin trans ( +'across' +, +'through' +) plus lucens ( +'shining' +); adjective in the nominative singular. + + + +Figure +94. +Melophorus translucens +sp. n.: major worker paratype (JDM32-001966-top ant) frons (a), profile (b) and dorsum (c); minor worker holotype (JDM32-001966-bottom ant) frons (d), profile (e) and dorsum (f); distribution map for the species (g). Low resolution scale bars: 0.5 mm (b, c, e, f); 0.2 mm (a, d). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/03/D1/1603D1572563E8E805A5A00A2BB2B917.xml b/data/16/03/D1/1603D1572563E8E805A5A00A2BB2B917.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fb32b40f45e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/03/D1/1603D1572563E8E805A5A00A2BB2B917.xml @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ + + + +A review of the centipede genus Tidops Chamberlin (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopocryptopidae, Newportiinae) + + + +Author + +Chagas-Junior, Amazonas + +text + + +International Journal of Myriapodology + + +2011 + +5 + + +63 +82 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/ijm.5.1649 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/ijm.5.1649 +1875-2543--63 + + + + +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. +Figures 823 + + + +Type specimens. + +Holotype (MNRJ 15350), BRAZIL, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Arraial +d'Ajuda +, 2006 (without specific day and month of collect), Chagas-Jr, A.; Paratypes (MNRJ 15351) 4 specimens, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Arraial +d'Ajuda +, 2005, Chagas-Jr, A. & Segal, B.; (MNRJ 15499) 7 specimens, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Arraial +d'Ajuda +, 24-27-ii-2005, +Expedicao +Arachne +; (MNRJ 15349) 6 specimens, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Trancoso, 19-vi-2005, Chagas-Jr, A., Segal, B. & Vasconcelos, E. + + +Additional material. BRAZIL: (MNRJ 15353) 1 specimen, Amazonas, Manaus, i-2001, Pedroso, D.; (MPEG) 6 specimens, +Para +, +Maraba +, Benfica, 15-iii-2003/25-iv-2003, J. Mathieuz & M. Martins; (MNRJ 15352) 11 specimens, Bahia, +Alcobaca +, Fazenda Santa Bahia, 27-28-II-2005, +Expedicao +Arachne +; (MNRJ 15354) 9 specimens, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Arraial +D'Ajuda +, 24-27-II-2005, +Expedicao +Arachne +; (MNRJ 15509) 3 specimens, Bahia, Una, REBIO de Una, 08-10-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15510) 1specimen, Bahia, +Jequie +, Brejo Novo, 06-07-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15511) 3 specimens, Bahia, Camacan, RPPN Serra Bonita, 11-13-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15512) 3 specimens, Bahia, Una, REBIO de Una, 08-10.vi.2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15513) 3 specimens, Bahia, Porto Seguro, Parque Nacional do Pau Brasil, 14-17-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15514) 3 specimens, Bahia, Porto Seguro, +Parque +Nacional do Pau Brasil, 14-17-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15515) 8 specimens, Bahia, Camacan, RPPN Serra Bonita, 11-13-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V.; (MNRJ 15516) 1 specimen, Bahia, Camacan, RPPN Serra Bonita, 11-13-vi-2009, Chagas-Jr, A., Kury, A., Pedroso, D., Giupponi, A. & Dill, V. + + + +Etymology. + +The specific epithet refers to the +"Sitio +Nisargan" in Arraial +d'Ajuda +, Bahia, where the new species was collected and where I lived from 2004 to 2006. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Prefemur of the ultimate legs with four larger spinous processes, femur and tibia without ventral and medial spinous processes; femur and tibia without cylindric process at ventral corner of distal end, but tarsus 1 with a small expansion at ventral corner of distal end; tibia shorter than femur; tarsus 2 with 9 to 15 +"pseudoarticles" +. The tooth plates longer than wide. The anterior margin of the tooth plates is straight with the lateral sides longer than the medial sides; the inner face of each dentiform tooth plate is concave like a longitudinal section of a cylinder. Coxopleural process moderately long + + + +Description. +Body length: 22 to 28 mm (without ultimate legs); body in general yellowish (Figure 8). Cephalic plate and forcipular coxosternum brownish; antennae and legs yellowish. Cephalic plate smooth, with a short median suture on the anterior margin and a paired of short paramedian short sutures arising from posterior margin which overlies the first tergite (Figure 9). +Antennae composed of seventeen articles, first three (or four) articles glabrous, but with some long bristles, the succeeding ones becoming more densely clothed with fine short hairs (Figure 10). +Anterior margin of the forcipular coxosternum straight and narrow. The sides of the dentiform tooth plates are straight with the lateral sides longer than the medial sides; the anterior margins are concave (Figure 12). Forcipular coxosternum without sutures; none of the articles of forcipula armed; Tarsungula short and stout, apices alone overlapping in closed position (Figure 11). + + +Figures 8-12. 8 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Habitus 9 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ 15350). Cephalic plate and the first three tergites. Dorsal view. Scale bar 1 mm 10 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. (MNRJ). Cephalic plate showing the pilosity of the antennae. Dorsal view. Scale bar 50 um 11 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. (MNRJ). Forcipules, showing the coxosternal tooth plates. Ventral view. Scale bar 500 um 12 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. (MNRJ). Detail of the tooth plates. Ventral view. Scale bar 50 um. + + +Tergites smooth; first tergite with a very distinct anterior transverse sulcus which strongly bends back in an angle at middle, to which is attached a median W-shape sulcus, from each of the posterior apices of which a pair of longitudinal sutures continue to the posterior margin of the tergite (Figure 9). There is a shallow depression in the middle of the anterior transverse sulcus and in the median W-shape. Tergites 2-22 with complete paramedian sutures and tergites 3-19 with lateral longitudinal sutures on the anterior two-thirds of each tergite (Figure 13). Only the 23rd tergite marginated. Margin of tergite 23 truncated medially and concave on each side, without a median sulcus, but with a shallow median depression (Figure 14). +Sternites smooth, longer than wide. With a large endosternite, well marked off by a transverse sulcus from the sternites 3-15, extending backwards under the sternites for one-third the length of the later (Figure 15). Sternites 3-21 with a median longitudinal sulcus; sternites 2-21 with two very distinct incomplete longitudinal lateral sutures separating off a narrow area at each side of the anterior portion of the sternites (Figure 15). Sternite 23 shorter than preceding, without sulci, lateral margin slightly convex and converging posteriorly; posterior margin straight, with corners rounded (Figure 16). + + +Figures 13-15. 13 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ 15350). Tergites 5 to 8 showing the paramedian and anterior lateral sutures. Dorsal view 14 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ 15350). 23rd tergite 15 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ 15350). Sternites 3 to 6. Scale bar 1 mm. + + + + +Figures 16-19. 16 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ 15350). Segments 22 and 23 showing 23rd sternite, ventral view 17 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ 15350). Coxopleuron. Lateral view. Scale bar 1 mm 18 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. (MNRJ). 8thlocomotory leg. Lateral view. Scale bar 200 um 19 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. (MNRJ). Detail of the tarsus 1 of the 8thlocomotory leg. Lateral view. Scale bar 100 um. + + +Coxopleural process moderately long, with an acute apex (Figure 17). No lateral spines; dorsal and ventral surface of the coxopleuron bearing two long setae. Pores numerous, moderate-sized, evenly covering most of the surface of the coxopleuron (Figure 17). + +Legs 1 to 21 with tarsi undivided (Figures 18 and 19), 22nd and 23rd divided. Tibia of the locomotory legs 3 to 20 with lateral distal spurs (holotype) (Figure 20), some specimen without. In all specimens from Amazonas and +Para +the tibia of the locomotory legs lack a tibial spur. Ultimate legs slender and with many setae, article +s +usually longer than the articles of the ultimate legs of +Tidops simus +and +Tidops balzanii +(Figure 21); prefemur of the ultimate legs with a series of four large ventral processes (Figures 17 and 22) and a series of six or seven setae dorsomedially; femur and tibia without ventral or medial processes or spines, only with fine setae; tibia shorter than femur; femur and tibia without cylindric process at ventral corner of distal end; tarsus 1 short with a small expansion on the ventral corner of distal end (Figure 23); tarsus 2 divided into 9 to 15 distinct tarsomeres or +"pseudoarticles" +. + + + +Figures 20-23. 20 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ). Detail of the tibial spine in the 8thlocomotory leg. Lateral view. Scale bar 10 um 21 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ). Ultimate leg. Lateral view. Scale bar 1 mm 22 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ). Detail of the prefemur of the ultimate leg showing the ventral spinous processes. Lateral view. Scale bar 10 um 23 +Tidops nisargani +sp. n. Holotype (MNRJ). Detail of tarsus 1 of the ultimate leg showing the distal expansion. Lateral view. Scale bar 200 um. + + + + +Type locality. + +Sitio +Nisargan, Arraial +d'Ajuda +, Porto Seguro, state of Bahia, Brazil. + + + +Distribution. + +Brazil (Amazonas, +Para +and Bahia). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA60FFB6FE95FAC6FBE7FD81.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA60FFB6FE95FAC6FBE7FD81.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..744ef23116a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA60FFB6FE95FAC6FBE7FD81.xml @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion endroedyi + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 3 +, +13 +, +22 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: S. W. Cape Mts., Hawequas SE, +1100m +, +33.41S +­ +19.06E +, water coll. in rapid, +5.xi.1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#203); deposited in the +TMSA +. +Paratypes +: Same data as +holotype +, (13 +TMSA +). S. W. Cape, Bainskloof, +33.30S +­ +19.10E +, shore washing, +10.XI.1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#227), (2 +TMSA +). Cape Prov., Cederberg, +1130m +, +32.28S +­ 1914E, sifted marsh shore, +7.xi.1983 +, Endrödy­Younga (#2055), (1 +TMSA +). Representative duplicate specimens deposited in +AMG +, +CMNH +, +FMNH +, and +MCZ +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Most similar to + +P. tubum +, + +but with elytra less shining; recognized by the more strongly punctate and granulate elytra, each setal base with a small granule at its anterior margin, the dull head and pronotum, the transversely convex body form ( +Fig. 3 +), and the male genitalia. + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 148/67, head 30/41, pronotum 37/56, elytra 93/67. Form transversely convex. + +Dorsum dark brown to piceus, legs and maxillary palpi brown; dorsal setae fine and short, testaceous. Labrum, clypeus and frons dull, micropunctulate. Frons discal punctures small, indistinct. Fovea in front of ocellus narrow, oblique sulcus, about as wide as ocellus. +Pronotum dull, obsoletely micropunctulate; punctures on reliefs small, each with short, granule­based seta, granule dividing puncture in half, punctures therefore appearing paired; all foveae shallow; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emargination deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. +Elytra with setae of series and interseries almost equally developed, resulting in narrowly separated unilinear rows of very fine setae, about 18 on each elytron; setae of intervals slightly more apparent than those of series; all setal bases with small, distinct granule at anterior margin; serial punctures moderately large, separated serially by less than puncture diameter, wider than intervals and not shining at sides; explanate margin very narrow in both sexes. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 38, total length 50; duct nearly symmetrically S­shaped, becoming gradually thicker from midlength to apex, apex knob­shaped; main­piece bladeshaped, lacking ridge/groove to support duct; paramere setae comparatively sparse, grouped at apex ( +Fig. 13 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in honor of the late Sebastian Endrödy­Younga. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA61FFB9FE95FA8BFC4CFE49.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA61FFB9FE95FA8BFC4CFE49.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9cee6e8dbbd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA61FFB9FE95FA8BFC4CFE49.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion balfourbrownei + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 4 +, +14 +, +26 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: Cape Prov., Table Mountain, Blinkwater Ravine, +2.iii.1954 +; deposited in the +SAM +. +Paratypes +: Same data as +holotype +, (6 +SAM +). Table Mountain, Devil’s Peak, +7.iii.1954 +, (6 +SAM +). Table Mountain, Blinkwater Ravine, +1600 ft +., on wet mossy cliff­face, +2­iii­1954 +, J. Balfour­Browne, (20 +BMNH +). Representative duplicate specimens deposited in +AMG +, +CMNH +, +FMNH +, and +MCZ +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Recognized by the black dorsum, the deep pronotal U­shaped fovea, the dull, micropunctulate head and lateral areas of the pronotum, the large granules of the elytral intervals ( +Fig. 4 +), and the aedeagal form. + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 155/70, head 26/44, pronotum 37/61, elytra 100/70. + +Dorsum black, legs and maxillary palpi brown; dorsal setae inconspicuous, whitish. Labrum, clypeus and frons dull, micropunctulate. Frons disc moderately densely punctate, each puncture with anterior granule, forming heart­shaped puncture. +Pronotum smooth and shining between punctures on discal reliefs, strongly micropunctulate and dull laterally; punctures on reliefs small, separated by ca. 1–2xpd, each with short, granule­based seta anteriorly, punctures therefore heart­shaped or entirely divided and appearing paired; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea deep, anterior relief quite convex and shining between punctures; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emarginations deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. +Elytra intervals very slightly raised, each with a unilinear row of very fine, slightly overlapping setae; each seta with distinct, large granule at base; granules of serial punctures smaller; serial punctures small, much narrower than intervals, separated serially by about puncture diameter, each with a very short seta, setae not overlapping and not forming uninterrupted line like setae of intervals. Explanate margin narrow in both sexes. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 34, total length 57; duct in distal 3/4 very weakly arcuate, gradually thickening to apex, tip slightly expanded; main­piece comparatively weakly arcuate, lacking ridge/groove, apex hooked; setae comparatively short on both parameres, grouped at apex on right paramere ( +Fig. 14 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in honor of the late J. Balfour­Browne. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA62FFB4FE95FC06FA91FD82.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA62FFB4FE95FC06FA91FD82.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8592b937a66 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA62FFB4FE95FC06FA91FD82.xml @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + +Key to Species of + +Pneuminion + + + + + + + + + +1 Pronotal foveae deeply impressed and wide; elytra with saddle, each elytron with five unilinear, subcostate rows of setae ( +Figs. 11 +) .................................... + + +impressum + +n. sp. + + + + +­ Pronotal foveae not deeply impressed; elytra not subcostate........................................ 2 + + + + +2 Elytra with setae of serial punctures and setae of intervals each forming unilinear, uninterrupted lines, about 18 narrowly spaced rows on each elytron ........................... 3 + + +­ Elytral intervals each with unilinear row of setae, setae of series less developed, setae not overlapping, not forming discrete line as on intervals ............................................ 5 + + + + + +3 Elytral setal bases lacking perceptible granules, elytra more shining ( +Fig. 5 +)................ .................................................................................................................. + + +tubum + +n. sp. + + + + +­ Elytral setal bases each with a distinct granule on anterior margin .............................. 4 + + + + + +4 Dorsum black, setae more developed, whitish; pronotal foveae rugulose, micropunctulate, and with granules ( +Fig. 2 +)........................................................... + + +velamen +Perkins + + + + + + +­ Dorsum dark brown or brown, setae less developed, testaceous; pronotal fovea punctate, punctures each divided by a granule, therefore appearing paired ( +Fig. 3 +) ............. .............................................................................................................. + + +endroedyi + +n. sp. + + + + + + +5 Pronotal reliefs with interpunctal surfaces smooth, shining ......................................... 6 + + +­ Frons disc and pronotal reliefs dull............................................................................... 8 + + + + + +6 Size small, ca. +1.30 mm +long; interpunctal surfaces of frons disc smooth and shining ( +Fig. 10 +).................................................................................................... + + +nanum + +n. sp. + + + + +­ Size larger, ca. 1.50­2.00 mm; frons shining or dull ..................................................... 7 + + + + + +7 Pronotal foveae subrugulose, deeper ( +Fig. 6 +)...................................... + + +natalensis + +n. sp. + + + + + +­ Pronotal disc more uniformly punctate, foveae punctate, shallower, especially anteromedian fovea ( +Figs. 1 +, +9 +).................................................................... + + +punctatum + +n. sp. + + + + + + + +8 Elytra semisulcate, intervals raised slightly; elytra longer, ca. +3x +as long as length of pronotum, ratio as 37/111 ( +Figs. 7 +, +8 +) + + +semisulcatum + +n. sp. + + + + + +­ Elytral intervals less raised; pronotal U­shaped fovea deeper; elytra shorter, ratio of lengths of pronotum and elytra as 37/100 ( +Fig. 4 +) ...................... + + +balfourbrownei + +n. sp. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA63FFB7FE95FA96FC2AFD51.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA63FFB7FE95FA96FC2AFD51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3819f301309 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA63FFB7FE95FA96FC2AFD51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion velamen +Perkins, 1997 + + + + + +( +Figures 2 +, +12 +, +23 +) + + + + + + +Pneuminion velamen + +Perkins 1997 +:172 + + +. + + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male) and 25 +paratypes +: +South Africa +, Cape Province, Cederberg, +1130 m +, sifted marsh shore, +32.28S­ +19.14E +, +7.xi.1983 +, Endrödy­Younga (#2055); deposited in +TMSA +. Additional +paratypes +: Cape Province, Farm Ezelsfontein, shorewashing, +30.24S­ +18.05E +, +30.x.1977 +, Endrödy­Younga (#1407), (4 +TMSA +). S. W. Cape, Hawaquas rad. tower, +33.41S +­ +19.06E +, shore washing, +27.X.1978 +, Endrödy­Younga (#1484), (5 +TMSA +). Cape­Swartberg, Seweweekspoort Klf, +33.24S +­ +21.21E +, river stones, +18­XI­1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#269), (1 +TMSA +). W. Cape, Hawequas, +33.34S +­ +19.08E +, from rock pools, +6.XI.1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#210), (3 +TMSA +). S. W. Cape, Limiet Berge, +33.33S +­ +19.07E +, water collection at +950 m +, +7.XI.1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#215), (1 +TMSA +). Cape, Cederberg, Eikenboom, +900m +, +32.27S +­ +19.10E +, river stones, +29­X­1981 +, Endrödy­Younga (#1906), (2 +TMSA +). Representative duplicate specimens deposited in +AMG +and +MCZ +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Recognized by the black dorsum with conspicuous white setae, the dull, micropunctulate head and pronotum, the lines of white setae on the elytra, and the granules of the elytral intervals and series ( +Fig. 2 +). The aedeagus is most similar to that of + +P. natalensis + +, but differs in the shape of the main­piece, the shape and thickness of the duct, and the shapes and setal arrangement of the parameres. + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 191/84, head 36/51, pronotum 42/69, elytra 119/84. + +Dorsum black, with moderately dense, conspicuous white setae; legs and maxillary palpi brown. Labrum, clypeus and frons dull, micropunctulate. Labroclypeal suture shallow. Shallow fovea in front of each ocellus, medial margin abrupt. +Pronotum dull, entirely micropunctulate, subrugose in foveae and laterally; punctures on reliefs very small, each divided by tiny granule, therefore appearing paired; all foveae moderately deep; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emarginations deeper and less symmetrical in females than in males. +Elytra with setae of series and interseries equally or almost equally developed, resulting in very discrete, narrowly separated, unilinear rows of setae, about 18 on each elytron, each setal base with large granule on anterior margin, granules of intervals slightly larger and more closely spaced than granules of series; serial punctures very shallow; interseries slightly raised; explanate margin narrow in both sexes. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 47, total length 70; duct very long, thick in basal onehalf and very slender in apical one­half; parameres comparatively densely setose apically; main­piece with ridge/groove to support duct ( +Fig. 12 +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA65FFB5FE95F9E3FB80FC11.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA65FFB5FE95F9E3FB80FC11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..570a11e2435 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA65FFB5FE95F9E3FB80FC11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion +Perkins, 1997 + + + + + + + + + +Pneuminion + +Perkins, 1997 +: 171 + + +( +type +species + +Pneuminion velamen +Perkins, 1997 + +) + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Recognized by the combination of the transverse, non­cordiform pronotum lacking hyaline margins and with well­developed postocular emarginations, the elytra with ten very regular series of punctures and all interseries equally developed (except +P. i m p re s ­ sum +), the 11 articles of the antenna (six + club), the ocelli located midway between the midline and the eyes, the moderately short maxillary palpi with length ratios of last three articles as five:four:eight, the restricted abdominal hydrofuge pubescence, the very large wet­hypomeron, and the features of the postocular/hypomeral antennal pocket (see below). + + + + +Description. +Body size ca. +1.30 mm +to 2.00 mm, form elongate oval, moderately convex dorsally, head not deflexed. Antennomeres 11 (six + club), third slightly longer than combined lengths of fourth to sixth. Maxillary palpi moderately short, length ratios of articles two to four (last) as five: four: eight. Eyes well­developed, not elevated. Labrum large, set at angle to clypeus, apicomedially deeply incised; anterior margin fringed with long setae. Clypeus anterior margin straight. Ocelli located midway between midline and eyes, frons very weakly convex between ocelli; area behind and between ocelli lacking carinae. + + +Pronotum with anterior midlongitudinal fovea, behind which is U­shaped fovea; lateral depressions not demarked by foveae; lateral margin arcuate. Hyaline borders absent; setal fringe on base in front of scutellum. Elytra usually with ten rows of punctures. Prosternum in front of procoxae shorter than procoxal cavities, latter open behind ( +Fig. 8 +). Metasternum with shallow midlongitudinal impression. Intercoxal sternite small, triangular. Legs moderately elongate, tarsi five­five­five. Abdominal sterna one­four about equal in length, fifth slightly longer than fourth; in male, seventh concealed beneath sixth; in female seventh visible beyond posterior margin of sixth; first and basal part of second hydrofuge pubescent, remainder with sparse, fine, long setae. Hydrofuge pubescence also present on postocular area, bubble­hypomeron (except antennal pockets), notal postcoxal projections, mesosternum, and metasternum. + + +Antennal pocket (terminology as in +Perkins, 1997 +) located in anterior face of prothorax, moderately deep, opened ventromedially (between hap­setae and the prosternum) and dorsally (at postocular emarginations); middle portion of antennal pocket convex, partially dividing pocket into dorsal and ventral concavity. About nine exocrine pores located along the medial margin of pocket, next to notosternal suture; otherwise pocket has very few, randomly distributed exocrine pores. + +Hypomeral carina well defined, angulate posteriorly and becoming obsolete anteriorly at the antennal pocket. Bubble­hypomeron narrow and very sparsely pubescent opposite notosternal suture. Wet­hypomeron very wide, slightly wider anteriorly than posteriorly, reticulate, non­setose (except hap­setae) and with very sparse randomly distributed exocrine pores. Row of 12–15 well­developed hypomeral antennal pocket setae located along the ventral margin of antennal pocket; setae closely spaced, each widest in middle, tapering apically, and flattened; setae becoming progressively longer from most lateral to most medial, latter arising from anterior extreme of hydrofuge hypomeron, adjacent to lateral extreme of procoxal cavity. There are no organized clusters of exocrine pores or endapparatus, and no secretion sulcus exists on the hypomeron. +A dense cluster of sharp spines, the prosternal antennal cleaner, is located on anterolateral margin of prosternum. The antennal cleaner is surrounded by sparsely pubescent asperite hydrofuge. +Periocular exocrine pores are present along subocular antennal groove and at posterior margin of eye; medial margin of antennal groove raised slightly, not cariniform; few exocrine pores located near posteroventral angle of eye; well­developed postocular ridge delimits postocular and subocular areas; postocular area clothed in hydrofuge pubescence, but lacks any specialized exocrine secretion delivery setae or sensilla. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6AFFBCFE95FD04FE87FC11.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6AFFBCFE95FD04FE87FC11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9bc1165908d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6AFFBCFE95FD04FE87FC11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion impressum + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 11 +, +20 +, +27 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: W. Cape, Dwarsberge, +34.02S +­ +19.01E +, sifted moss, +15.XI.1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#254); deposited in the +TMSA +. +Paratype +: Same data as +holotype +, ( +1 female +TMSA +). + + + + +Diagnosis. +A very distinct species, recognized by the deeply impressed and wide pronotal foveae, the rugulose head and pronotum, and the highly modified elytra with a saddle and each elytron with five unilinear rows of setae ( +Fig. 11 +). The basic aedeagal form is unique in the genus. + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 155/70, head 30/44, pronotum 41/59, elytra 100/70. + + +Dorsum dark brown to brown, legs and maxillary palpi brown to testaceous; dorsal setae very conspicuous on head and pronotum, whitish. Dorsum of head and pronotum rugulose, dull. Frons with fovea in front of ocellus deep, ca. +5x +ocellus diameter. + +Pronotal postocular emarginations deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. Pronotum dull, impressions very deep and large, midlongitudinal impression as wide as eye, reliefs quite convex; setae short, denser and more slender on reliefs, becoming sparser and wider laterally. +Elytra with shallow transverse depression (“saddle”) at basal 0.3. Each elytron with five unilinear rows of overlapping, whitish setae, rows present on sutural interval and intervals 2, 4, 6, and 7, rows on intervals 2 and 4 interrupted over a short distance at saddle; interval 1 with short row of setae between base and saddle, and interval 5 with short row at base, otherwise odd­numbered intervals smooth, lacking setae; serial punctures moderately large, larger than smooth intervals separating them, each with a short indistinct seta, setae not overlapping and not forming lines; granules at bases of setae very small, if perceptible; sutural margin raised between saddle and apices; explanate margin very narrow. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 36, total length 45; parameres comparatively short, setae sparse, grouped at apex; duct joined with main­piece over basal 2/3, apical 2/3 thicker ( +Fig. 20 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in reference to the deeply impressed pronotal and elytral sculpture. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6CFFBAFE95FE8CFBF1F949.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6CFFBAFE95FE8CFBF1F949.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32df90bbf93 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6CFFBAFE95FE8CFBF1F949.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion punctatum + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 1 +, +9 +, +18 +, +29 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: Transvaal Prov., Mpumalanga, God’s Window, +1700 m +, +24.52S +­ +30.54E +, wet rockface, +4.2.1997 +, Endrödy­Younga (#3277); deposited in the +TMSA +. +Paratypes +: Same data as +holotype +, (4 +TMSA +). Transvaal Prov., Mt. Sheeba, under river stones, +24.51S +­ +30.45E +, +27.xi.1986 +, Endrödy­Younga (#2322), (1 +TMSA +). Representative duplicate specimens deposited in +MCZ +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Recognized by the black dorsum, the distinctively punctate frons disc and pronotum, the shining interpunctal surfaces of the pronotal reliefs, the well developed unilinear rows of granules of the setal bases on the elytral intervals and series, and the comparatively deep pronotal postocular emarginations ( +Figs. 1 +, +9 +). Very similar in dorsal sculpture to + +P. natalensis + +; reliable determinations will be based on study of the quite dissimilar male genitalia. + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 163/69, head 26/44, pronotum 37/63, elytra 98/69. Aedeagus: main­piece length 38, total length 52. + +Dorsum piceus, legs and maxillary palpi dark brown; dorsal setae short, inconspicuous. Labrum and clypeus weakly shining, finely sparsely punctate. Frons disc moderately coarsely densely punctate, interpunctal surfaces smooth, shining, punctures separated by ca. 1.5xpd; fovea in front of ocellus strongly densely punctate, subrugulose, medial margin gradually sloping. +Pronotum punctate throughout, much more densely coarsely in foveae than on reliefs, rugulose or subrugulose laterally, weakly shining on disc, dull laterally; punctures on reliefs small, slightly heart­shaped, separated by ca. 1xpd, interpunctal surfaces very smooth and shining; punctures in U­shaped foveae coarser and more strongly heartshaped; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emargination deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. + +Elytral intervals very slightly raised, each with a unilinear row of slightly overlapping setae; serial punctures deep, moderately large, 2– +3 +x larger than those of pronotal reliefs, narrower than intervals, each with a short seta, setae not overlapping and not forming uninterrupted line like setae of intervals; intervals and serial punctures with distinctive granule at anterior margin of each setal base; explanate margin narrow in males, slightly wider in females. + + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 38, total length 52; main­piece thick walled and tapering markedly in distal one­half, ridge/groove to support duct nearly parallel with margin; duct comparatively short; paramere setae comparatively sparse ( +Fig. 18 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in reference to the markedly punctate dorsum. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6CFFBBFE95F926FC5FF996.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6CFFBBFE95F926FC5FF996.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8518ed55a4c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6CFFBBFE95F926FC5FF996.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion semisulcatum + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 7 +, +8 +, +17 +, +24 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: Cape Prov. Table Mountain, Platteklip Gorge, +21.iii.54 +; deposited in the +SAM +. +Paratypes +: Same data as +holotype +, (8 +SAM +). Representative duplicate specimens deposited in +MCZ + + + + +Diagnosis. +Recognized by the semisulcate elytra with unilinear row of setae on intervals, the dull, micropunctulate head and pronotum, the deep, strongly micropunctulate pronotal foveae, and the relatively long elytra, about three times as long as the pronotum ( +Fig. 7 +). + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 174/74, head 26/44, pronotum 37/65, elytra 111/74. + +Dorsum dark brown to piceus, legs and maxillary palpi dark brown; dorsal setae conspicuous on elytra, whitish. Dorsum of head and pronotum dull, micropunctulate, strongly so in impressions Frons disc punctate, interpunctal surface dull, punctures separated by narrow walls. Fovea in front of ocellus strongly micropunctulate, median margin rather abrupt. +Pronotum with foveae and lateral areas rugulose, granules at bases of setae apparent but punctures obsolete; relief in front of U­shaped fovea very convex, punctures small, granule of each distinct; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emargination deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. +Elytra relatively long, pronotal length/elytral length as 37/111; subsulcate, intervals raised; each seta granule­based; each interval with a distinct unilinear row of slightly overlapping setae, each elytron with 8 rows in addition to sutural row; serial punctures moderately large, but narrower than intervals, separated serially by less than puncture diameter, each with a short seta, setae not overlapping and not forming uninterrupted line like setae of intervals. Explanate margin narrow in males, slightly wider in females. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 45, total length 66; parameres comparatively setose, right paramere as wide as distal part of main­piece, left paramere with about six short, strong, arcuate setae near apex, in addition to long slender setae; main­piece with ridge/ groove to support duct; duct very slender in distal one­half ( +Fig. 17 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in reference to the semisulcate elytra. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6DFFBDFE95FEDEFC3DFB39.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6DFFBDFE95FEDEFC3DFB39.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..52ebef6a7d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6DFFBDFE95FEDEFC3DFB39.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion nanum + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 10 +, +19 +, +28 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: Cape Mt., Helderfont. S, +1220m +, +33.56S +­ +20.52E +, sifted, alpine marsh, +10.iii.1979 +, Endrödy­Younga (#1566); deposited in the +TMSA +. +Paratypes +: Same data as +holotype +, (3 +TMSA +, 1 +MCZ +). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Recognized by the small size, ca. +1.30 mm +long (smallest known species in the genus), the subsulcate elytra with whitish setae forming uninterrupted unilinear row on intervals and interrupted unilinear row on series, and the small heart­shaped punctures on the frons disc and pronotal reliefs ( +Fig. 10 +). + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 130/57, head 22/39, pronotum 33/52, elytra 81/57. + + +Dorsum dark brown to black, legs and maxillary palpi brown; dorsal setae moderately conspicuous, whitish. Labrum and clypeus dull, micropunctulate. Frons disc punctate, interpunctal surface smooth, shining, punctures separated by ca. 1.5xpd. Fovea in front of each ocellus large, ca. +5x +ocellus, deep, micropunctulate. + +Pronotum weakly shining on disc, dull laterally, impressions deep; punctures on reliefs small, separated by ca. 1xpd, each with short whitish, granule­based seta; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emarginations deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. + +Elytra subsulcate, intervals slightly raised, each with a unilinear row of slightly overlapping setae; serial punctures moderately large, 2– +3 +x than those of pronotal reliefs, each with a short seta, setae not overlapping and not forming uninterrupted line like setae of intervals; each seta granule­based; explanate margin narrow in both sexes + + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 35, total length 70; duct very long, very slender over distal 3/4; paramere setae comparatively sparse; main­piece with ridge/groove to support duct ( +Fig. 19 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in reference to the small size. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6EFFB9FE95F9DEFBC8F8EE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6EFFB9FE95F9DEFBC8F8EE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5bde802c9b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6EFFB9FE95F9DEFBC8F8EE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion tubum + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 5 +, +15 +, +25 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: S. W. Cape Mts., Hawequas SE, +1100m +, +33.41S +­ +19.06E +, water coll. in rapid, +5.xi.1973 +, Endrödy­Younga (#203); deposited in the +TMSA +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +A relatively smooth species, especially on the head and elytra. Recognized also by the transversely convex form, the sulciform impressions of the frons, the small punctures on the pronotal reliefs appearing paired, and the relatively smooth, nongranulate elytra ( +Fig. 5 +). + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 152/67, head 30/44, pronotum 37/56, elytra 93/67. + +Dorsum dark brown to piceus on head and pronotum, elytra, legs and maxillary palpi brown; dorsal setae conspicuous, very slender, testaceous. Labrum and clypeus weakly shining, finely sparsely punctate. Frons disc punctate, interpunctal surface smooth, shining, punctures separated by ca. 1–2.5xpd. Fovea in front of each ocellus narrow, oblique groove, about as wide as ocellus. +Pronotum dull, densely moderately finely punctate, punctures on reliefs each with short, granule­based seta, granule dividing puncture in half, punctures therefore appearing paired, most oriented transversely or subtransversely, some punctures near base only partially divided by granule, therefore heart­shaped; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. +Elytra with setae of series and interseries almost equally developed, resulting in narrowly separated unilinear rows of very fine setae, about 18 on each elytron; setae of intervals slightly more apparent than those of series; granule at base of each seta very small, if perceptible; serial punctures separated by about puncture diameter, slightly narrower than intervals, cuticle moderately shining at side of punctures; intervals very slightly raised; explanate margin very narrow. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 43, total length 51; duct sharply S­shaped, gradually thickened from about midlength to apex, tip expanded; main­piece blade­shaped, lacking ridge/groove; paramere setae comparatively sparse, clustered distally on right paramere; right paramere attaining level of apex of main­piece ( +Fig. 15 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in reference to the tube­like duct of the aedeagus. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6FFFB8FE95F926FB35F91E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6FFFB8FE95F926FB35F91E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cafbf72c9ac --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487E5FA6FFFB8FE95F926FB35F91E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A revision of the South African endemic water beetle genus Pneuminion Perkins (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae) + + + +Author + +Perkins, Philip D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +538 + + +1 +38 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.157462 +a9ccfc65-1459-414b-8a99-c99649f83d51 +1175­5326 +157462 +3A93701A-E53F-4A89-B4C6-1F952ECC82BD + + + + + + + +Pneuminion natalensis + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 6 +, +16 +, +30 +) + + + + + +Type +Material. + +Holotype +(male): +South Africa +: +Natal +, +75km +WSW Estcourt, Cathedral Peaks For. Sta., +7–31.xii.79 +, S. & J. Peck, Meteorology Sta., LittleBerg, +1860m +, malaise trough, +21–31.xii.79 +; deposited in the +TMSA +. +Paratype +: Same data as +holotype +, (1 +TMSA +). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Similar to + +P. punctatum + +in dorsal sculpture, recognized by the more strongly sculptured, subrugulose pronotal foveae, the less rugulose frons foveae, the smaller elytral granules, the smaller elytral punctures, the more nearly equally developed rows of setae on the elytral series and intervals, and the shallower pronotal postocular emarginations ( +Fig. 6 +). Reliable determinations of the two species will be based on examination of the quite dissimilar male genitalia. The aedeagus of + +P. natalensis + +is most similar to that of +P. v e l a m e n +(refer to the diagnosis of that species). + + + + +Description. +Size (mm x 100; length/width): body (length to elytral apices) 163/74, head 26/44, pronotum 37/61, elytra 104/74. Dorsum piceus, legs and maxillary palpi dark brown; dorsal setae conspicuous, especially on head and pronotum, whitish. Labrum and clypeus dull, micropunctulate, except shining on anterior margin of clypeus. Frons disc moderately coarsely punctate, most punctures heart­shaped, interpunctal surface smooth, shining, punctures separated by ca. 1.5xpd; fovea in front of ocellus micropunctulate, medial margin moderately abrupt. + +Pronotum rugulose in foveae and laterally, weakly shining on disc, dull laterally; punctures on reliefs small, ca. 0.25x size of heart­shaped punctures in U­shaped fovea, separated by ca. 1–3xpd, each with short whitish, granule­based seta; interpunctal surfaces on relief smooth and shining; oblique anterior fovea on each side shallowly connecting to midlongitudinal fovea; posterior U­shaped fovea well­developed; setae at lateral margin flat on cuticle in dry specimens. Pronotal postocular emargination deeper and less symmetrical in females than males. +Elytra with setae of series and intervals very nearly equally developed, resulting in discrete, narrowly separated, unilinear rows of setae, about 18 on each elytron, each seta granule­based; serial punctures moderately large, slightly wider than intervals, separated serially by less than puncture diameter; explanate margin narrow in male, slightly wider in female. + +Aedeagus: main­piece length 44, total length 61; main­piece distal portion with ridge/ groove to support duct and apex weakly hook­shaped; duct very slender over distal onehalf ( +Fig. 16 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named in reference to the known geographical distribution. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC1570FA8E01B84C3ACFBC5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC1570FA8E01B84C3ACFBC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6ec15acc10d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC1570FA8E01B84C3ACFBC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Arctiini + + + + + + +Diagnostic characters: +Arctiini +are mainly defined by an elongated retinaculum in males (reduced or shortened in +Lithosiini +, or absent in Syntominae), a homoplastic character, and heteroideous crochets (Kitching & Rawlins in +Kristensen (1999)) +. + + + + +Diversity and distribution: +In +India +, tribe +Arctiini +comprises a total of 180 species and two subspecies in 38 genera. Of the 38 genera, 12 are represented by single species, 24 genera by two to 20 species and two genera, + +Spilarctia + +and + +Lemyra + +are represented by 21 and 42 species, respectively ( +Fig. 4 +). In +India +, the tribe is most diverse in North-East followed by West and North-West Himalaya, Central Himalaya and Deccan Peninsula. Desert of +India +is least diverse with single recorded species ( +Fig. 5 +). + + +Food plants: +The larvae are typical ‘wooly bears’ and are polyphagous. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E018E1C490FD8F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E018E1C490FD8F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f1d1d88671 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E018E1C490FD8F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Amerila +Walker, 1855: 725 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Sphinx astreus +Drury, 1773 + +(but cited as +astraea +, an incorrect subsequent spelling) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01AE8C19FFBAB.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01AE8C19FFBAB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..19917c22b06 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01AE8C19FFBAB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +2. + +Amerila eugenia +( +Fabricius, 1794 +) + +: 19 + + + + + +Type +locality: +India + + + + + +Distribution: Central and South +India +(Dubatolov 2010, +Singh & Singh 2012a +), Punjab ( +Hampson 1920 +), +Andhra Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01C4AC34BFA0D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01C4AC34BFA0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b25dd446453 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01C4AC34BFA0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +4. + +Amerila rhodopa +Walker, 1864: 305 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +South Hindostan +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Nagaland +, southern +India +(Dubatolov 2010), +Assam +, +Meghalaya +( + +Kirti +et al +. 2005 + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +West Bengal +, +Karnataka +( + +Chandra +et al +. 2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01D1EC2E9FB59.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01D1EC2E9FB59.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75ce32fb7b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01D1EC2E9FB59.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +3. + +Amerila omissa +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 184 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia +hills, +Assam +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +] (Dubatolov 2010), North East Himalayas ( +Holloway 1988 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01F86C19FF8F5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01F86C19FF8F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c1c9a22da69 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC5570BA8E01F86C19FF8F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +5. + +Aglaomorpha plagiata +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 655 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Silhet +[ +Bangladesh +or +India +: +West Bengal +] + +. + + + + +Distribution: Indian Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010), +Assam +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Arora & Chaudhury 1982), +Nagaland +, +Sikkim +, +Bihar +, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, Jammu & Kashmir ( + +Chandra +et al +. 2019 + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC65708A8E01ACEC57CFA5E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC65708A8E01ACEC57CFA5E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0ddf180491b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFC65708A8E01ACEC57CFA5E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Lithosiini + + + + + + +Diagnostic characters: +The +Lithosiini +moths are commonly called as lichen moths, because some are specialized in feeding on lichens. Adults are with rather narrow forewings and deep hindwings that may equal or exceed them in area. The monophyly of the +Lithosiini +is supported by larval mandibles with an enlarged, basal molar area associated with the specialized diet of lower plants; there is a characteristic arrangement of the larval labral setae; the eggs are smooth with shallow depressions, rather than sculpted with networks of ridges (Kitching & Rawling in +Kristensen 1999 +, + +Holloway +et al. +2001 + +). + + + + +Diversity and distribution: +Indian +Lithosiini +comprise 419 species and five subspecies under 128 genera. Of the 128 genera reported from +India +, 67 genera are represented by single species, 58 genera by two to 20 species and three genera, + +Barsine + +, + +Cyana + +, and + +Miltochrista + +are known by 21, 42, and 54 species respectively ( +Fig.6 +). In +India +, +Lithosiini +is most diverse in North-East +India +followed by Central Himalaya, East Himalaya, and West & North- West Himalaya. Only one species is reported from Desert and no +Lithosiini +are recorded from Trans-Himalaya ( +Fig. 7 +). + + +Food plants: +The larval diet is frequently algae and lichens, occasionally bryophytes, these being grazed on the surface of leaves, branches, tree trunks etc. that may lead to these higher plants being recorded erroneously as hosts. The cocoon can be dense or very large, net-like, incorporating larval setae ( +Bendib & Minet 1999 +[2000]). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E0186AC379FE0A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E0186AC379FE0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c42166233b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E0186AC379FE0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +83. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudoburmanica +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 26 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Matheran +, +Maharashtra +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Matheran) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E018FAC29AFD9A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E018FAC29AFD9A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ba859446b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E018FAC29AFD9A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +84. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudocollarlis +N. Singh, +Kirti & Kaleka, 2016: 16 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Jatinga +, +Assam +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +(Jatinga) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E019DAC379FF7A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E019DAC379FF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5863cea5e94 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E019DAC379FF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +82. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudobimaculata +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 10 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Tawaghat +, +Uttarakhand +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +(Tawaghat) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01AC6C540FC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01AC6C540FC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..885fba740ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01AC6C540FC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +87. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) rhodophila + +( +Walker, 1864 +[ +1865 +]): 294 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Hindostan +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Sikkim +, +Nagaland +, +Manipur +( +Hampson 1894 +, Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01B0BC2BAFD2A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01B0BC2BAFD2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..33d28aaef11 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01B0BC2BAFD2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +85. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pseudoneurica +N. Singh, Kirti & Joshi, 2016: 24 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Wokha +, +Nagaland +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Nagaland +(Wokha) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01B9AC54AFCDD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01B9AC54AFCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..553b4872006 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01B9AC54AFCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +86. + +Lemyra +( +Thyrgorina +) +punctilinea +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 40 + + + + += +D +. [ +iacrisia +] +unilinea +Rothschild, 1910: 133 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjiling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: From Kashmir to +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010), +Sikkim +( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01CCEC0A1F989.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01CCEC0A1F989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f5ab6a6a0d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01CCEC0A1F989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +90. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) sikkimensis +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 39 + + + + +Type locality: Darjeeling. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1990) + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Assam +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010), +Sikkim +( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01DBEC2B6FAD6.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01DBEC2B6FAD6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18dc50fa325 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01DBEC2B6FAD6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +89. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) saputarensis +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 25 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Saputara +, +Gujarat +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Gujarat +(Saputara) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01E42C3C1F85D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01E42C3C1F85D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b88e2f8212d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01E42C3C1F85D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +92. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) spilosomata + +( +Walker, 1864 +[ +1865 +]): 318 + + + + += +Echlida subjecta +Walker, 1865: 387 + + += +D +[ +iacrisia +] +albens +Rothschild, 1910: 137 + + += +D +[ +iacrisia +] + +flavifrons +Rothschild, 1910: 122 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +South Hindostan +[South +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +(Travancore, Madras) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01F7AC307F961.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01F7AC307F961.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..54fd447e583 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD0571EA8E01F7AC307F961.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +91. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) sordidescens +( +Hampson 1901 +) + +: 304 + + + + += +S +[ +pilosoma +] + +sordida +Moore, 1865: 808 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +India +, +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + +Remark: Replacement name for +S. +[ +pilosoma +] + +sordida +Moore. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E0186AC4ECFE51.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E0186AC4ECFE51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..86fab5ba043 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E0186AC4ECFE51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +94. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) stigmata +( +Moore, 1865 +) + +: 809 + + + + + += + + +Spilarctia lacteata +Butler, 1881: 31 + + + + + += + +Lemyra walkeri +Kaleka, 2001: 422 + + + + + + +Type locality: +Darjeeling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1990) + + + + + +Distribution: Indian Himalayas, +Assam +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E018B3C3A3FDE2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E018B3C3A3FDE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..801a5d57d6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E018B3C3A3FDE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +95. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) tawaghatensis +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 11 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Uttarakhand +, +Tawaghat + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +(Tawaghat and Munsiyari) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E019DAC357FF7A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E019DAC357FF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3ba9a130f3c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E019DAC357FF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +93. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) spinisinferma +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 22 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Vallakadavu +, +Kerala +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +(Vallakadavu) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01A75C2C9FC1A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01A75C2C9FC1A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6326ae443a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01A75C2C9FC1A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Mangina +Kaleka & Kirti, 2001: 251 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Euprepia argus +Kollar, [1844] + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01A85C2FCFBAA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01A85C2FCFBAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..21f4a1164d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01A85C2FCFBAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +97. + +Mangina argus +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 467 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himalaya +, +Massuri +[ +Uttarakhand +] + + + + + +Distribution: Throughout +India +( +Hampson 1894 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01BC2C2BAFD72.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01BC2C2BAFD72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9265014e329 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01BC2C2BAFD72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +96. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) wokhaensis +N. Singh, Kirti & Joshi, 2016: 18 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Wokha +, +Nagaland +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Nagaland +(Wokha) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01C68C2DBFA07.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01C68C2DBFA07.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b80c8e813e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01C68C2DBFA07.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Micraloa +Dubatolov, 2004: 304 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Bombyx lineola +Fabricius, 1793 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01CF8C3A3F9DF.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01CF8C3A3F9DF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84d66b604ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01CF8C3A3F9DF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +99. + +Micraloa emittens +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 638 + + + + + += + + +Aloa flora +Swinhoe, 1885: 296 + + + + + + + + +Type locality: Ceylon [ +Sri Lanka +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1901) + + + + + +Distribution: +India +(Dubatolov 2010), North West Himalayas ( +Hampson 1894 +), +Madhya Pradesh +, +West Bengal +( +Chandra & Nema 2007 +), +Jharkhand +(Palamu Tiger Reserve) ( +Singh 2014 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01D15C2FCFB5E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01D15C2FCFB5E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..167c94e1a2b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD1571FA8E01D15C2FCFB5E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +98. + +Mangina syringa +( +Cramer, 1775 +) + +: 5 + + + + += +B +[ +ombyx +] +crotalariae +Fabricius, 1793: 473 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Coromandel +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: Throughout +India +( +Hampson 1894 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E0186AC35DFE0A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E0186AC35DFE0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e78aa6a91de --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E0186AC35DFE0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +60. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) cernyi +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 17 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Vadaserikara +, +Kerala +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +(Vadaserikara) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E019DBC31BFF7A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E019DBC31BFF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..085a182429c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E019DBC31BFF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +59. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) bucseki +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 19 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Vazula +, +Himachal Pradesh +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Vazula) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01AD2C214FBA5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01AD2C214FBA5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..872c57e9162 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01AD2C214FBA5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +64. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) excelsa +Thomas, 1990: 19 + + + + + + += + + +Lemyra alternata +Fang, 1993: 177 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Indien +, +Sikkim +, +Bakim +, ca. + +3000 m + + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01B28C32FFD48.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01B28C32FFD48.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5487de3afb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01B28C32FFD48.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +62. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) coorgensis +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 29 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bhagamandala +(Coorg, Medikeri), +Karnataka +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +(Coorg, Medikeri) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01BBDC37BFCF7.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01BBDC37BFCF7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f27332d2403 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01BBDC37BFCF7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +63. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) cornutiata +(Kirti and Gill, 2008) + +: 159 + + + + += +Satara + +cornutiata +Kirti & Gill, 2008: 159 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ganeshgudi +, +Karnataka +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +(Ganeshgudi) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01C4AC3C1FA31.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01C4AC3C1FA31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7c514eada03 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01C4AC3C1FA31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +66. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) flavalis +( +Moore, 1865 +) + +: 809 + + + + += +S +[ +pilosoma +] +rubitincta +Moore, 1865: 809 + + += +S +[ +pilosoma +] + +lativitta +Moore, 1865: 809 + + + + + + +Type locality: +Darjeeling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1990) + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01C92C330F9C1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01C92C330F9C1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2fe462a1cc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01C92C330F9C1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +67. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) khasiana +Thomas, 1990: 42 + + + + + + +Type +Locality: +Khasis +[ +India +: +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01D1FC0ADFB59.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01D1FC0ADFB59.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3258219c8b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01D1FC0ADFB59.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +65. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) eximia +( +Swinhoe, 1891 +) + +: 137 + + + + + +Type Locality: +North Kanara +[ +India +, +Karnataka +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1901) + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +(North Kannara) (Dubatolov 2010), +Karnataka +(Ganeshgudi, Jog falls) ( +Kirti & Gill 2008a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01EC2C315F871.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01EC2C315F871.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ed9481a522 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01EC2C315F871.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +70. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) malshejensis +Kirti & Gill, 2008: 59 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Malshej Ghat +, +Maharashtra +, +India + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Malshej Ghat) ( +Kirti & Gill 2008a +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01F22C35AF952.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01F22C35AF952.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f8d3ebcb52 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01F22C35AF952.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +68. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) latauncus +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 23 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Madikeri +, +Karnataka +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +(Madikeri) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01FB2C2BAF8E2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01FB2C2BAF8E2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b40f491ce7b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD2571CA8E01FB2C2BAF8E2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +69. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) magnaproteus +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 20 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Wokha +, +Nagaland +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Nagaland +(Wokha) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E0186AC3D9FE2D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E0186AC3D9FE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fb3df3c5e40 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E0186AC3D9FE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +72. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) melanosoma +( +Hampson, 1894 +) + +: 15 + + + + +Type locality: Sikhim (Moller). +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1990) + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Kulu), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010), North West Himalayas (Shimla, Dalhousie) ( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01896C2F7FDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01896C2F7FDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c40669a3953 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01896C2F7FDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +73. + +Lemyra melli +( +Daniel, 1943 +) + +: 712 + + + + + +Type locality: +Li-kiang +( +Nord-Yuennan +) [ +China +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1990) + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E019DAC365FF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E019DAC365FF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b4b59512901 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E019DAC365FF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +71. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) melanochroa +( +Hampson, 1918 +) + +: 216 + + + + + +Type +Locality: +Madras +, +Nilgiris +[Southern +India +: +Tamil Nadu +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +( +Tamil Nadu +) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01A2BC12BFC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01A2BC12BFC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f733ec7b6f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01A2BC12BFC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +75. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) neglecta +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 121 + + + + + +Type locality: +Sikkim +, +India +. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1920) + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010), +Nagaland +, South +India +(Palni Hills, Rampur) ( +Rothschild 1910 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01CEAC567F989.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01CEAC567F989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..676da0bd770 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01CEAC567F989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +78. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) nigrifrons +( +Walker, 1865 +) + +: 401 + + + + + +Type +Locality: +Hindostan +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Assam +, +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010), +Meghalaya +( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01D56C47DFB45.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01D56C47DFB45.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f6f48d3734c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01D56C47DFB45.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +76. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) neurica +( +Hampson, 1911 +) + +: 408 + + + + + += + + +Maenas venosa +Hampson, 1901: 251 + + + + + + + + +Type locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +, +India +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1990) + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010). + + +Remark: + +L. (T.) neurica + +is a replacement name for + +Maenas venosa +Hampson, 1901 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01DBEC4F1FAF9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01DBEC4F1FAF9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..51e4dd2ee8c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01DBEC4F1FAF9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +77. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) nigrescens +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 143 + + + + + +Type locality: +Khasia Hills +, +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1920) + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010), +Assam +( +Rothschild 1910 +). + + +Remark: Indian records of + +L. infernalis + +by +Singh & Singh (1998) +belong to + +L. (T.) nigrescens + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01E36C358F85D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01E36C358F85D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..94a93a6d948 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01E36C358F85D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +81. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) pilosa +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 132 + + + + + +Type locality: +Khasis +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1920) + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01F7AC406F93D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01F7AC406F93D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c6d04761ba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01F7AC406F93D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +79. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) obliquivitta +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 40 + + + + + += + + +Spilarctia jucunda +Butler, 1881: 32 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjiling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +Manipur +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01FA6C343F8CE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01FA6C343F8CE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b680124058a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD3571DA8E01FA6C343F8CE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +80. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) orhanti +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 27 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Chendruni +, +Kerala +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +(Chendruni) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01AC6C1C1FBFD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01AC6C1C1FBFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9558ef08717 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01AC6C1C1FBFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +119. + +Nyctemera (Orphanos) adversata +( +Schaller, 1788 +) + +: 52 + + + + + += + + +Nyctemera plagifera +Walker, 1854: 400 + + + + + + += + +Nyctemera plagifera + +f. +lacticolora + +Reich, 1932: 235 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Das Vaterland +dieses Vogels kann nicht eigentlich bestimmt werden. [ +Not +stated, probably, +East Asia +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills, Cheerapunji), (Dubatolov 2010), Throughout +India +(Arora & Chaudhury 1982). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01C87C3E6F9D1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01C87C3E6F9D1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..31063184a3f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01C87C3E6F9D1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Olepa +Watson, 1980: 133 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Alope ocellifera +Walker, 1855 + + + + + + += + + +Alope +Walker, 1855: 619 + + +( + +Olepa + +is the replacement name for + +Alope + +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01E42C2A2F8F1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01E42C2A2F8F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9460eee2e90 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01E42C2A2F8F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +122. + +Olepa (Olepa) duboisi +Orhant, 1986: 11 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sri Lanka +, +Nilaveli + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +(Agali) ( +Singh & Singh 2013a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01ED5C20FF87A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01ED5C20FF87A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a722751fc5b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01ED5C20FF87A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +123. + +Olepa (Olepa) kakatii +Orhant, 2000: 269 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +N.E. +Inde +, +Assam + +, + +Guwahati, + +55 m + +[ +India +, +Assam +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01F32C335F961.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01F32C335F961.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b73d1574cce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD4571AA8E01F32C335F961.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +121. + +Olepa (Cornutia) coromandelica +Dubatolov, 2011: 136 + + + + + +Type +locality: Coromandel + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Reich/Coromandel) ( +Dubatolov 2011 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E0186BC315FE09.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E0186BC315FE09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..beb6d9955e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E0186BC315FE09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +125. + +Olepa(Olepa) suryamal +Kalawate, 2020: 50 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Suryamal +, +Maharashtra +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Suryamal) ( + +Kalawate +et al. +2020a + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E018FBC126FDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E018FBC126FDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba9ad076cfd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E018FBC126FDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +125a. + +Olepa (Olepa) suryamal rekhae +Kalawate, 2020: 51 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Suryamal +, +Mokhada +taluk, +Palghar district +, +Maharashtra +, +India +( +19.758N +, +73.347E +; altitude + +518 m + +) + + + + + +Distribution +: +Suryamal +( +Mokhada +taluk, +Palghar district +, +Maharashtra +), +Toranmal +( +Nandurbar district +, +Maharashtra +) ( +Kalawate 2020a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E019DAC437FF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E019DAC437FF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..54e5fc2d2ab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E019DAC437FF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +124. + +Olepa (Olepa) ocellifera +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 620 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon + + +[ +Sri Lanka +] + + + + + +Distribution: +India +(Dubatolov 2010), Indian Himalayas, +Assam +( +Singh & Singh 2013a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01AC6C174FB91.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01AC6C174FB91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf99f5337dd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01AC6C174FB91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +128. + +Olepa (Orhanta) koslandana +Orhant, 1986: 12 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sri Lanka +, +Koslanda + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +(Bellary), +Tamil Nadu +(Coromandel +Coast +), +Orissa +(Ganjam), +Bihar +, +Jharkhand +( +Singh & Singh 2013a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01B26C28EFD4D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01B26C28EFD4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a2640fc955 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01B26C28EFD4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +126. + +Olepa(Olepa) zedesi +Kalawate, 2020: 54 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Pune +, +Maharashtra +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +( + +Kalawate +et al +. 2020a + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01BB6C3A0FCDD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01BB6C3A0FCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b076ddb5177 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01BB6C3A0FCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +127. + +Olepa (Orhanta) ghatmatha +Kalawate, 2020: 47 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ghatmatha +, +Maharashtra +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Ghatmatha, Bhosgaon) ( + +Kalawate +et al +. 2020a + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01C12C287FA42.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01C12C287FA42.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f9d26888ef5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01C12C287FA42.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +131. + +Olepa (Pseudoolepa) toulgoeti +Orhant, 1986: 13 + + + + + + +Type +locality: Devala ( + +3200 feet + +), +Nilgiri Hills +, +Inde + + +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +( + +Kalawate +et al. +2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01D72C3ECFB21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01D72C3ECFB21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b569969d111 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01D72C3ECFB21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +129. + +Olepa (Pseudoolepa) clavatus +( +Swinhoe, 1885 +) + +: 295 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bombay + + + + + +Distribution: +Bombay +( +Swinhoe 1885 +), South +India +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01D82C30DFAB2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01D82C30DFAB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6823ebb460 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01D82C30DFAB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +130. + +Olepa (Pseudoolepa) nigerclavatus +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 37 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Malshej Ghat +, +Karnataka +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +(Malshej Ghat) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01E1AC351F83A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01E1AC351F83A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a9f45c79fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01E1AC351F83A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +133a. + +Olepa (Ricinia) schleini chandrai +Kalawate, 2020 + +: 16147 + + + + + +Type +locality: Suryamal, ( +19.758N +& +73.347E +; + +518m + +), +Palghar District +, +Maharashtra +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +, +India +( + +Kalawate +et al +. 2020b + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01F8AC291F8AA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01F8AC291F8AA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0637ab45f1b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD5571BA8E01F8AC291F8AA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +133. + +Olepa (Ricinia) schleini +Witt, Müller, Kravchenko, Miller, Hausmann & Speidel, 2005: 102 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Israel +, +Tel Aviv +North +, + +50 m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +( + +Kalawate +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E0186AC2E8FE0A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E0186AC2E8FE0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a9d17d1456 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E0186AC2E8FE0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +101. + +Micraloa punctistriga +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 676 + + + + + +Type +locality: +North +India + + + + + +Distribution: North +India +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01897C21FFDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01897C21FFDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9ccff06a948 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01897C21FFDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Nannoarctia +Kôda, 1988: 5 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Aloa integra +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01A9EC4F6FBB5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01A9EC4F6FBB5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..93bc35325aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01A9EC4F6FBB5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +104. + +Nannoarctia (Nannoarctia) tripartita +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 706 + + + + + +Type locality: +East Indies +( +Dubatolov & Kishida (2010) +designated +lectotype +from +Moulmein +, +Myanmar +[Burma]) + + + + + +Distribution +: +North +India +, +Jharkhand +( +Hazaribagh Wild +life +Sanctuary +, +Salparni +) ( +Singh +2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01B26C21BFD71.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01B26C21BFD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e1f8c46baa6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01B26C21BFD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +102. + +Nannoarctia (Nannoarctia) himalayana +Dubatolov & Kishida, 2010: 144 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kangra Valley +[ +India +, +Himachal Pradesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: Kashmir, +Himachal Pradesh +(Kangra valley), +Uttar Pradesh +, +Assam +, +Nagaland +(Dubatolov 2010), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01C94C533F9BC.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01C94C533F9BC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2e42e42ba2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01C94C533F9BC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +106. + +Nebrarctia transversa +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 398 + + + + + +Type +locality: +N.W. +India + + +[ +Pakistan +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Sarahan, Bhanjuradu, Kalpa), +Uttarakhand +(Mussoorie) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01D10C55EFB63.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01D10C55EFB63.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fc04773d6c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01D10C55EFB63.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +105. + +Nannoarctia (Pseudorajendra) dentata +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 708 + + + + + += + + +Aloa khandalla +Moore, 1859: 361 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: ‘?’ +Canara +[ +India +: +Karnataka +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +, +Maharashtra +, +Kerala +, +Tamil Nadu +(Dubatolov 2010), Goa ( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01E40C2B9F8EA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01E40C2B9F8EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e51c41296a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01E40C2B9F8EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Neoaloa +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2015: 27 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Creatonotos flavimargo +Hampson, 1894 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01EDEC3A2F875.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01EDEC3A2F875.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4399527333c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01EDEC3A2F875.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +108. + +Neoaloa cernyi +N. +Singh & Joshi, 2018: 191 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Gular Ghat +, +Valmiki Tiger Reserve +, +Bihar + + + + + +Distribution: +Bihar +(Valmiki Tiger reserve, Gular Ghat) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2018 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01F29C312F946.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01F29C312F946.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f1a70c6d2c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD65718A8E01F29C312F946.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +107. + +Nebrarctia wiltshirei +(De +Toulgoet, 1962 +) + +: 129 + + + + + +Type +locality: Kashmir, Tragbal, + +3300 m + +( + +10000 feet + +) [ +India +, +Jammu +& +Kashmir +] + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir (Kashmir) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01807C2ABFE2D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01807C2ABFE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a76e3078f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01807C2ABFE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Nikaea +Moore, 1879: 11 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Hypercompa longipennis +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01896C381FDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01896C381FDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5a0722e39f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01896C381FDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +110. + +Nikaea longipennis +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 655 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Silhet +[ +Bangladesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +(Kumaon), +Sikkim +, +Assam +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E019DAC29AFF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E019DAC29AFF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..adaa87a2464 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E019DAC29AFF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +109. + +Neoaloa pseudoflavimargo +N. Singh, Kirti & Kaleka, 2015: 28 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Jatinga +, +Assam +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +(Jatinga) ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01A9EC57BFBD9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01A9EC57BFBD9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37ecf1bbb8c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01A9EC57BFBD9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +111. + +Nyctemera (Arctata) arctata +Walker, 1856: 1664 + + + + + + += + + +Nyctemera maculosa +Walker, 1864: 198 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Cherra Poonjee, Hindostan +[ +Cherrapunji +, +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East, North West +India +(Dubatolov 2010), +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01BC3C252FC25.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01BC3C252FC25.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2478c3b3f19 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01BC3C252FC25.xml @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Nyctemera +Hübner, [1820], 1816: 178 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Phalaena lacticinia +Cramer, 1777 + + + + + + += + + +Leptosoma +Boisduval 1832: 197 + + + + + + += + + +Amathes +Gistl, 1848: 11 + + + + + += + +Paraplastis +Hampson, 1901 + + + += + +Migoplastis +Felder, 1868 + + + += +Pachyphilonia +Butler, 1875 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01C12C13EFA65.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01C12C13EFA65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..718bf964091 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01C12C13EFA65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +113. + +Nyctemera (Deilemera) carissima +( +Swinhoe, 1891 +) + +: 477 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia Hills +[ +Meghalaya +, +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +(Dubatolov 2010), +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +( + +Chandra +et al +. 2019 + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01DCAC2DEFAB1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01DCAC2DEFAB1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3f115694a32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01DCAC2DEFAB1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +112. + +Nyctemera (Coleta) coleta +(Stoll, 1781) + +: 153 + + + + + += + +Nyctemera coleta + +ab. +subvitrea + +Seitz, 1915: 267 + + + + + + +Type +locality: sine patria + + + + +Distribution: Assam, South +India +, Andaman & +Nicobar Islands +(Dubatolov 2010), +Nagaland +, +Karnataka +, +Meghalaya +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Kerala +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01F5EC34EF9F5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01F5EC34EF9F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..81015abd969 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01F5EC34EF9F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +114. + +Nyctemera (Deilemera) hampsoni +( +Swinhoe, 1889 +) + +: 402 + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiri Hills, northern slopes +3500 feet + + + + +Distribution: South +India +( + +Dubatolov & +Volynkin 2017 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01FEFC4DCF885.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01FEFC4DCF885.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17ddc934591 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD75719A8E01FEFC4DCF885.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +115. + +Nyctemera (Nyctemera) baulus +( +Boisduval, 1832 +) + +: 200 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bourou +[ +Indonesia +] + + + + + +Distribution: Andaman ( +Chandra & Raghunathan 2018 +), +Nicobar Islands +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E019DAC41FFE75.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E019DAC41FFE75.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f47b071780a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E019DAC41FFE75.xml @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +17. + +Arctia caja +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +: 500 + + + + += +Ph +[ +alaena +] +erinacea +Retzius, 1783: 36 + + + += + + +Arctia caja +var. +phantasma +Niepelt, 1905: 120 + + + + + += [ + +Arctia caja + +] v. (ab.) +lusitanica +Spuler, 1906: 135 + + += [ + +Arctia caja + +] +semibrunnea +Vorbrodt, 1914: 647 + + += [ + +Arctia caja + +] +seminigra +Vorbrodt, 1914: 647 + + + += + + +Arctia caja +var. +rebeli +Wnukowsky, 1929: 223 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: not stated [Europe] ( + +Watson +et al +. 1980 + +) + + + + +Distribution: Northern +India +(Kashmir, Sonmurg, Dalhousie) (Dubatolov 2010), Allahabad, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( + +Singh +et al. +2014 + +), North West Himalayas, +Assam +( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1997 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01AC6C466FC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01AC6C466FC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..827efbb3450 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01AC6C466FC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +20. + +Arctia ladakensis +(O. Bang-Hass, 1927) + +: 116 + + + + + +Type +locality: Ladak, Sham, Chalsi, + +5000 m + +[ +India +, +Jammu +& +Kashmir +] + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir (Ladakh and Zanskar ranges) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01B6EC3ADFD05.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01B6EC3ADFD05.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fe1e5ea7aa1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01B6EC3ADFD05.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +18. + +Arctia hannyngton + +i ( +Hampson, 1910 +): 119 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kumaon +, +Niti Pass +, 10,000 [ +India +] + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas (Kumaon, Niti pass) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01BFEC15BFCDD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01BFEC15BFCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0a7a78ead80 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01BFEC15BFCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +19. + +Arctia intercalaris +( +Eversmann, 1843 +) + +: 544 + + + + + += + + +Arctia intercalaris boettcheri +O. +Bang-Haas, 1927: 72 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Habit in Promontoriis Altaicus +australibus [East Kazakhstan: “in front of South Altai mountains”] + + + + + +Distribution +: +Northern +India +[North West Himalaya] ( +Kashmir +to +Kulu +, +Ladakh +) ( +Dubatolov +2010), +Sikkim +( +Chaudhury 2003 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01D56C312FBFD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01D56C312FBFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6af037cbd4d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01D56C312FBFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +21. + +Arctia perornata +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 395 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Cashmere +[ +India +or +Pakistan +] + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir (Kashmir) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01D83C2C5FAB1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01D83C2C5FAB1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eba9dfe217c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01D83C2C5FAB1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Areas +Walker, 1855: 658 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Areas orientalis +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01E7FC2E7F815.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01E7FC2E7F815.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7f8cc3808c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01E7FC2E7F815.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Argina +Hübner [1819] +1816: 167 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Phalaena cribraria +Clerck, 1764 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01F16C277F961.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01F16C277F961.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69e58dafea9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD85716A8E01F16C277F961.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +23. + +Areas (Melanareas) imperialis +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 466 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himalaya +, +Massuri +[ +India +: +Uttarakhand +: Massooree] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010), +Nagaland +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +), +Uttarakhand +, +Himachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E018E1C2E5FD8F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E018E1C2E5FD8F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b032597d03 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E018E1C2E5FD8F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Baroa +Moore, 1878: 28 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Cycnia punctivaga +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01B71C2EBFD42.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01B71C2EBFD42.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5945c5572fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01B71C2EBFD42.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +25. + +Baroa punctivaga +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 682 + + + + + += + + +Agrisius plumbeonigra +Swinhoe, 1916: 485 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Java + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +( +Černý & Pinratana 2009 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01BBDC557FCD2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01BBDC557FCD2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c48aa707195 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01BBDC557FCD2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +26. + +Baroa vatala +Swinhoe, 1894: 436 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Shillong +, +Khasis +, +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +, +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +] ( +Swinhoe 1894 +), +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01C41C394FAEE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01C41C394FAEE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ee7c5ea258f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01C41C394FAEE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +28. + +Bucaea simplex + +(Walker, [1865] 1864): 320 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Hindostán +[ +India +] ( +Southern +India +( +Khandala +, +North Kanara +) + + + + + +Distribution: Southern +India +(Khandala, North Kanara) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01D31C47FFB5F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01D31C47FFB5F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..842174dc439 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01D31C47FFB5F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +27. + +Bucaea fumipennis +( +Hampson, 1891 +) + +: 54 + + + + + +Type +locality: +The Nilgiri district +of southern +India +[ +India +: +Kerala +or +Tamil Nadu +] + + + + + +Distribution: Southern +India +(Nilgiris) (Dubatolov 2010), +Assam +( + +Kirti +et al +. 2005 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01E65C21DF852.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01E65C21DF852.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cc8bec0942a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01E65C21DF852.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +30. + +Callindra equitalis +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 465 + + + + + += + +Callimorpha equitalis +Var. + +ochricolor + +Alpheraky, 1897: 128 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Himal. [Himalaya or Himachal] +Massuri +[ +India +: +Uttarakhand +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West and North East Himalayas, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010), +Maharashtra +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01F39C48AF97A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01F39C48AF97A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97bbdc643fe --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFD95717A8E01F39C48AF97A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +29. + +Callindra arginalis +( +Hampson, 1894 +) + +: 26 + + + + + += + + +Callimorpha gigantea +Röber, 1925: 171 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Naga Hills, + +3500 feet + +( +Doherty +) [ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: Eastern +India +[North East +India +] (Dubatolov 2010), +Nagaland +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E0186FC450FE04.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E0186FC450FE04.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30048ed875b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E0186FC450FE04.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +6. + +Aloa albistriga +Walker, 1864: 303 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +South Hindostan +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +(Dubatolov 2010), +Orissa +(Ganjam) ( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E018FFC2C7FD94.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E018FFC2C7FD94.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5fb157974d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E018FFC2C7FD94.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +7. + +Aloa collaris +Hampson, 1891: 54 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +The Nilgiri district +of southern +India + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E019DAC2E3FF74.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E019DAC2E3FF74.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b3e9e4d5219 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E019DAC2E3FF74.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Aloa +Walker, 1855: 699 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Phalaena lactinea +Cramer, 1777 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01AE4C2E5FB8D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01AE4C2E5FB8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4c1402ca59f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01AE4C2E5FB8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Alphaea +Walker, 1855: 683 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Alphaea fulvohirta +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01C8BC358F9A8.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01C8BC358F9A8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7034d6497f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01C8BC358F9A8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +11. + +Alphaea (Flavalphaea) khasiana +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 148 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia Hills +, +Assam +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01D77C228FB40.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01D77C228FB40.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a88ba5493aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01D77C228FB40.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +9. + +Alphaea fulvohirta +Walker, 1855: 684 + + + + + + +Type locality: not stated. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1901) +from +Sikkim +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: Darjeeling, +Sikkim +, +Assam +(Dubatolov 2010), +Himachal Pradesh +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Assam +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Chandra +et al +. 2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01DA3C2F9FA19.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01DA3C2F9FA19.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b3625a8701a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01DA3C2F9FA19.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +10. + +Alphaea (Flavalphaea) impleta +( +Walker, 1864 +) + +: 286 + + + + + += + + +Alphaea abdominalis +Moore, 1867: 682 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Hindostan +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, and probably North West Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Kirti +et al +. 2005 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01E47C0A1F835.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01E47C0A1F835.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2ba9dde8bd0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01E47C0A1F835.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +13. + +Alphaea (Nayaca) imbuta +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 614 + + + + + +Type locality: +Himalaya Mountains +. North +India +. +Lectotype +as a type from +Sikkim +[ +India +] designated by +Hampson (1901: 339) +. + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Assam +, +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010, +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01F1BC0A1F95C.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01F1BC0A1F95C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6fa503088ce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDA5714A8E01F1BC0A1F95C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +12. + +Alphaea (Nayaca) florescens +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 43 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjiling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E018FBC2CEFD99.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E018FBC2CEFD99.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e0dd610b6c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E018FBC2CEFD99.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Andala +Walker, 1855: 774 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Andala unifascia +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E019DAC27AFEE5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E019DAC27AFEE5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd145699eaf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E019DAC27AFEE5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +14. + +Alphaea (Nayaca) rothschildi +Dubatolov & Kishida, 2005: 249 + + + + + += +E. +[ +stigmene +] + +imbuta + + +khasiana +Rothschild, 1910: 162 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia Hills +, +Assam +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + +Remark: + +Alphaea (Nayaca) rothschildi + +is a replacement name for + +Estigmene imbuta khasiana +Rothschild, 1910 + +, nec + +Diacrisia khasiana +Rothschild, 1910 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E01E1AC3C1F839.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E01E1AC3C1F839.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3d92082cd26 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDB5715A8E01E1AC3C1F839.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +16. + +Arctia bretaudeaui +( +Oberthur, 1896 +) + +: 55 + + + + + +Type +locality: Aux environsd Darjeeling et +de Kursong. +de +Sikkim +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01ACDC2D2FC62.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01ACDC2D2FC62.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fdee048a853 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01ACDC2D2FC62.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Euchromia +Hübner [1819] +1816: 121 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Sphinx sperchius +Cramer, 1777 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01B0BC23AFD29.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01B0BC23AFD29.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ac609e69c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01B0BC23AFD29.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Eospilarctia +Koda, 1988: 39 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Seiarctia lewisii +Butler, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01B9AC22EFCB9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01B9AC22EFCB9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c427235536 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01B9AC22EFCB9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +49. + +Eospilarctia erythrophleps +Hampson, 1894: 8 + + + + + + +Type +locality: Nága Hills, + +6000 feet + +[ +India +: +Nagaland +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Nagaland +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01C7DC376FA36.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01C7DC376FA36.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a152e1c166 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01C7DC376FA36.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +52. + +Euchromia polymena +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +: 494 + + + + +Type +locality: Asia + + + + +Distribution: Plains of +India +, Andamans, +Nagaland +( +Hampson 1894 +), +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Arora 1980 +), +Assam +, +Maharashtra +, Goa, +Karnataka +, +Kerala +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01CB0C362F9DF.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01CB0C362F9DF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a57ed61bf66 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01CB0C362F9DF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Juxtarctia +Kirti & Kaleka, 2002: 80 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Juxtarctia bispinuatus +Kirti & Kaleka, 2002 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01D5DC23FFBF2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01D5DC23FFBF2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e648fa21fbb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01D5DC23FFBF2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +50. + +Euchromia elegantissima +Wallengren, 1861: 360 + + + + + +Type +locality: not stated + + + + +Distribution: North +India +( +Holloway 2001 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01DEDC2C0FA83.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01DEDC2C0FA83.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d8d979bd9fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDC5712A8E01DEDC2C0FA83.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +51. + +Euchromia magna +( +Swinhoe, 1891 +) + +: 133 + + + + + +Type +locality: +North Canara + + + + + +Distribution: North Canara ( +Fletcher 1925 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E018FBC2E1FD93.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E018FBC2E1FD93.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..137d9c6bad3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E018FBC2E1FD93.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Kishidaria +Dubatolov, 2004: 73 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Calpenia khasiana +Moore, 1878 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01B0CC32AFD23.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01B0CC32AFD23.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24ee950dc12 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01B0CC32AFD23.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +54. + +Kishidaria khasiana +(Moore, 1878) + +: 5 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia +hills [ +India +: +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: Eastern +India +[North East +India +] (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01C67C466FA31.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01C67C466FA31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4281d731db2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01C67C466FA31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +56. + +Lemyra (Thyrgorina) angularis +Strand, 1922: 182 + + + + + +Type +locality: Not known + + + + +Distribution: +Nagaland +( +Strand 1922 +), +Mumbai +, +Tamil Nadu +(Dubatolov 2010), +Gujarat +(Ahwa, Saputara), +Maharashtra +(Mahabalehwar, Malshej Ghat), +Kerala +(Devikulam) ( +Kirti & Gill 2008a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01D1FC474FB7D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01D1FC474FB7D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..914bc8782e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDD5713A8E01D1FC474FB7D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +55. + +Lemyra (Lemyra) venosa +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 41 + + + + += +D +[ +iacrisia +] +pseudomaenas +Rothschild, 1919: 131 + + + + + +Type +Locality: +Darjiling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Darjeeling), +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010), +Sikkim +( +Hampson 1901 +), +Assam +, +Arunachal Pradesh +(Arora & Chaudhury 1982), +Nagaland +( +Chaudhury 2003 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01806C5C6FE2D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01806C5C6FE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..34adeb543bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01806C5C6FE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +32. + +Callindra nyctemerata +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 38 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjiling +[ +India +, +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Moore 1879 +), North East +India +(Dubatolov 2010), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01898C145FDDB.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01898C145FDDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c42ec603cca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01898C145FDDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +33. + +Callindra principalis +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 465 + + + + + +Type +locality: Himal., +Massuri +[ +India +, +Uttarakhand +] + + + + + +Distribution: Indian Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010), +Uttarakhand +, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E019DAC32AFE9D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E019DAC32AFE9D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bf38d0aed27 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E019DAC32AFE9D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +31. + +Callindra nepos +( +Leech, 1899 +) + +: 166 + + + + + += + + +Callimorpha eques +Reich, 1932: 234 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Chia-ting-fu [ +Western +China +, +Sichuan +] + + + + + +Distribution: Eastern +India +[North East +India +] (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01A60C2E9FC0F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01A60C2E9FC0F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71fab3743c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01A60C2E9FC0F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Calpenia +Moore, 1872: 571 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Calpenia saundersi +Moore, 1872 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01AF0C42CFB9F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01AF0C42CFB9F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9513e1b08bc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01AF0C42CFB9F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +35. + +Calpenia saundersi +Moore, 1872: 571 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +[probably +Sikkim +] ( + +Watson +et al +. 1980 + +) + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Moore 1872 +), Eastern +India +[North East +India +] (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01BC9C518FD66.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01BC9C518FD66.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37b6ea77641 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01BC9C518FD66.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +34. + +Callindra similis +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 397 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Dharamsala, N.W +. Himalaya [ +India +, +Himachal Pradesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +(Dubatolov 2010), +West Bengal +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01C57C266FA21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01C57C266FA21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2084e162f7c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01C57C266FA21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Carcinopyga + +C. & R. Felder, 1874: pl. 101 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Carcinopyga lichenigera +Felder, 1874 + + + += + +Euarctia +staudinger + +1887: 79 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01C82C325F9D5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01C82C325F9D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..815f0c5282b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDE5710A8E01C82C325F9D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +37. + +Carcinopyga lichenigera +Felder, 1874 + +: pl. 101 + + + + +Type +locality: Ladak + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir (Kashmir, Ladakh, Kargil) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + +Remark: +Lectotype +designated from Kargil by De +Freina (1982) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E018C0C291FE6F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E018C0C291FE6F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8fb3de4b5e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E018C0C291FE6F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +39. + +Chelis marxi + +(O. Bang–Hass, 1927): 68 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himalaya +mont. +Bashahr Staten +, +Poo +nordöstlich +Simla +[ +India +: +Himachal Pradesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E019B0C5C5FEDF.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E019B0C5C5FEDF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc2fca102a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E019B0C5C5FEDF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +38. + +Chelis gratiosa + +(Grum–Grshimailo, 1890): 533 + + + + +Type +locality: Versants septentrionaux de lAlaï (Artcha Basch–9,500 p) [Kyrghyzstan] + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Rohtang pass and Kangra), Kashmir [North West Himalaya] (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01A1CC461FC34.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01A1CC461FC34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40d21eaf688 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01A1CC461FC34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +41. + +Cladarctia discocellulatus +Kaleka, 2005: 71 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kasauni +[ +Uttarakhand +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Kalpa), +Uttarakhand +(Kasauni) ( +Kaleka 2005a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01AACC404FBC3.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01AACC404FBC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f62e1202e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01AACC404FBC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +42. + +Cladarctia hansraji +Kaleka, 2005: 69 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kalpa +, +Himachal Pradesh + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +( +Kaleka 2005a +), +Uttarakhand +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01B71C2A9FD19.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01B71C2A9FD19.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40e8b8c5fad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01B71C2A9FD19.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Cladarctia +Koda, 1988: 45 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Euprepia quadriramosa +Kollar, [1844] + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01B8AC2F7FCA9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01B8AC2F7FCA9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d2019e1c16 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01B8AC2F7FCA9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +40. + +Cladarctia bharmourensis +Kaleka, 2005: 72 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bharmour +, +Himachal Pradesh + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +( +Kaleka 2005a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01C2EC375FA46.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01C2EC375FA46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7cf14bf74d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01C2EC375FA46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +44. + +Cladarctia spinulatus +Kaleka, 2016: 3879 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bharmour +, +Himachal Pradesh + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Bharmour) ( +Kaleka 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01CA0C298F9D0.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01CA0C298F9D0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d7214fd6440 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01CA0C298F9D0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +45. + +Cladarctia trimaculatus +Kaleka, 2016: 3881 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Berinag +( +Uttarakhand +) + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +(Berinag) ( +Kaleka 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01D21C3E0FABA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01D21C3E0FABA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..70fff35ee1c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01D21C3E0FABA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +43. + +Cladarctia quadriramosa +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 468 + + + + + += + + +Cladarctia goodgeri +Kaleka, 1999: 79 + + + + + + += + + +Cladarctia quadrispiculatus +Kaleka, 1999: 77 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himaleya +[Himalaya, +India +or +Pakistan +] + + + + + +Distribution: Indian Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010), +Maharashtra +(Satara) ( +Hampson 1894 +), +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1997 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01E61C29AF856.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01E61C29AF856.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5823838a9c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01E61C29AF856.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +46. + +Creatonotos interrupta +( +Linnaeus 1767 +) + +: 840 + + + + += +B +[ +ombyx +] +francisca +Fabricius, 1787: 131 + + + += + + +Creatonotus continuatus +Moore, 1877: 344 + + + + + + + + +Type locality: not stated [probably +India +or +China +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Mikkola & Honey, 1993 +. + + + + +Distribution: +India +[Throughout] (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01FECC28CF97E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01FECC28CF97E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dffeee80329 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFDF5711A8E01FECC28CF97E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Creatonotos +Hübner, [1819] 1816: 170 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Phalaena interrupta +Linnaeus, 1767 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E0186AC36CFE0A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E0186AC36CFE0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17f00b9cb1f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E0186AC36CFE0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +220. + +Arctelene uncodes +Kirti & Gill, 2008:361 + +362 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Maharashtra +, +Mahabaleshwar +, + +1320m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +, +Karnataka +( +Kirti & Gill 2008d +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E019DAC364FF7A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E019DAC364FF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a7f4c545cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E019DAC364FF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +219. + +Arctelene rufescens +Kirti & Gill, 2008:361 + +362 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Karnataka +, +Bhagamandala +, + +900m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +, +Tamil Nadu +( +Kirti & Gill 2008d +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01A53C2C9FC01.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01A53C2C9FC01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ebfc9f13fd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01A53C2C9FC01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Asura +Walker, 1854: 484 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Asura cervicalis +Walker, 1854 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01AE2C204FB91.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01AE2C204FB91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30f393e53dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01AE2C204FB91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +222. + +Asura toxodes +Hampson, 1907:233 + + + + + +Type +locality: Andamans + + + + +Distribution: Andamans ( +Arora 1983 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01B26C44EFD4D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01B26C44EFD4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..767bfd63280 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01B26C44EFD4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +221. + +Argentosine proleuca +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +:494 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: Sikhim ( +Hampson 1900 +), North East +India +( +Volynkin +et al +. 2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01CCEC3F9FA66.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01CCEC3F9FA66.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..497470a09a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01CCEC3F9FA66.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +224. + +Asuridia rubrimargo +( +Hampson, 1894 +) + +:104 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Strand 1922 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +(Present study). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01D2FC2ECFB45.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01D2FC2ECFB45.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26ae5df55cf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01D2FC2ECFB45.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Asuridia +Hampson, 1900: 412 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Ammatho carnipicta +Butler, 1877 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01DBEC2AAFAD5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01DBEC2AAFAD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e517ddbd98 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01DBEC2AAFAD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +223. + +Asuridia miltochristoides +Rothschild, 1913:202 + + + + + +Type +locality: Khasia Hills + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01F7BC359F919.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01F7BC359F919.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c66cabb37f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01F7BC359F919.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Barsaurea +Volynkin & Huang, 2019: 65 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Miltochrista phaeoxanthia +Hampson, 1900 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01F8BC2A6F8CD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01F8BC2A6F8CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c9a2195aa7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE0572EA8E01F8BC2A6F8CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +225. + +Barsaurea phaeoxanthia +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +: 493 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasis +, +Assam + + +[ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasis hills), +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +] ( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Volynkin +et al. +2020), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01822C267FE51.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01822C267FE51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..50c10a9b5de --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01822C267FE51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +226. + +Barsine ampullalis +Kaleka, 2018: 599 + +600 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Namchi +, +Sikkim + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Kaleka 2018 +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E018B2C2EEFDE1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E018B2C2EEFDE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e73782dafb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E018B2C2EEFDE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +227. + +Barsine arunachalensis +Kaleka, 2018: 598 + +599 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bomdila +, +West Kameng District +, +Arunachal Pradesh + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kaleka, 2018 +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01A52C2FBFC02.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01A52C2FBFC02.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57393939c17 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01A52C2FBFC02.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +229. + +Barsine cacharensis +N. Singh, +Kirti & Kaleka, 2016: 66 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Jatinga +, +Cachar +hills, +Assam + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +India +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01AE2C233FB92.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01AE2C233FB92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b0d9415e38 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01AE2C233FB92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +230. + +Barsine cornutodefecta +N. Singh, +Kirti & Kaleka, 2016: 65 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam +, +Jatinga + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01BC2C2BBFD72.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01BC2C2BBFD72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b3d401541f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01BC2C2BBFD72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +228. + +Barsine atypicobarsine +N. Singh, Kirti & Joshi, 2016: 78 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Dirang +, +Arunachal Pradesh + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01C76C494FA1E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01C76C494FA1E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1d994a2846b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01C76C494FA1E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +232. + +Barsine delicia +Swinhoe, 1891: 477 + +478 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia +hills [ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills), +Assam +, +Sikkim +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01C86C233F9AE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01C86C233F9AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ae2202b773a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01C86C233F9AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +233. + +Barsine devikulensis +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 70 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kerala +, +Devikulam + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01D72C425FA8D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01D72C425FA8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3f8e3037203 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01D72C425FA8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +231. + +Barsine defecta defecta +Walker, 1854: 546 + + + + + += + +Lyclene indistincta +Moore, 1878: 33 + + + + += + + +Miltochrista magna +Hampson, 1894: 112 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Nepaul +[ +Nepal +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Manipur +, WB (Darjeeling), North & NE +India +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +, +Volynkin +et al +. 2019). + + +Remark: + +Barsine defecta rubella +Volynkin & Cerný, 2017 + +is reported from +China +only. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01E42C0A1F815.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01E42C0A1F815.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1e4a32388c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01E42C0A1F815.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +235. + +Barsine flavicollis +(Moore, 1878) + +:11 + + + + +Type +locality: Darjiling [Darjeeling] + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +(North of +West Bengal +) (Moore 1878, +Volynkin +et al. +2019), +Assam +( + +Joshi +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01F16C0AFF962.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01F16C0AFF962.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cdc4b9e6641 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE1572FA8E01F16C0AFF962.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +234. + +Barsine flammealis +Moore, 1878:28 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +, +Meghalaya +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +; +Volynkin +& Černý 2016b). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01822C2DAFE52.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01822C2DAFE52.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e1481c5f0f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01822C2DAFE52.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +203. + +Aemene spotoptera +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:138 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Karnataka +, +Ganeshgudi + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E018B2C305FDE1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E018B2C305FDE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9370966d421 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E018B2C305FDE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +204. + +Aemene subcinerea +Moore 1878: 34 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +N.W. +India + + + + + +Distribution: N.W. +India +(Moore 1878, +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E019DAC447FEC1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E019DAC447FEC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69c4f3c7e63 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E019DAC447FEC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +202. + +Aemene sordida +Butler, 1877: 372 + + + + + + += + + +Siccia baibarensis +Matsumura, 1927: 62 + + + + + += + +Aemene modesta +Moore, 1878: 34 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +South +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Punjab +(Manpuri) [ +Uttar Pradesh +], Coimbatore ( +Hampson 1914 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01ABAC289FBD9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01ABAC289FBD9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..101f9cc3c19 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01ABAC289FBD9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +206. + +Aemene tau +Heylaerts 1891:414 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Java + + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Madras) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01BC3C251FC49.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01BC3C251FC49.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..df749c9eb1b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01BC3C251FC49.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +205. + +Aemene taprobanis +Walker 1854: 542 + + + + + +=Panassa cingalesa +Walker, 1865:607 + + +=Autoceras grammophora +Felder, 1874: 106, 24 + + += + +Aemene sinuata +Moore, 1878: 34 + + + + += + + +Siccia taprobanis likiangensis +Daniel, 1951: 302 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon +[Srilanka] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Sikkim +, +Nagaland +, +Maharashtra +( +Mumbai +, Pune) +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris), +Meghalaya +(Cherrepunji), +Karnataka +(Belgaum) ( +Strand 1922 +), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Sevastopulo 1944b +), +Uttarakhand +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01C77C2DBFA1D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01C77C2DBFA1D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3076d5ec2e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01C77C2DBFA1D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Agrisius +Walker, 1855:723 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Agrisius guttivitta +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01C86C2BBF9AE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01C86C2BBF9AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..222b7738106 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01C86C2BBF9AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +208. + +Agrisius albafuliginosus +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:123 + +124 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ziro +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01DCAC564FB69.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01DCAC564FB69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e98f38ee4d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01DCAC564FB69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +207. + +Aemene tenebrosa +Moore 1878: 34 + + + + + + +Type +locality: [ +Mumbai +] +Bombay + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +( +Mumbai +) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Madhya Pradesh +(Indore) ( +Chandra & Nema 2007 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01E39C15EF87A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01E39C15EF87A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9212649d159 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01E39C15EF87A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +211. + +Agrisius guttivitta +Walker, 1854:723 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +North +India + + + + + +Distribution: North +India +, +Sikkim +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Assam +(Jatinga) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +), +West Bengal +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01F16C335F93E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01F16C335F93E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dcdef222849 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01F16C335F93E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +209. + +Agrisius excellens +Dubatolov & Kishida, 2013:158 + +159 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Laos +, +Sam Neua Phu Pan +, + +1750 m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +(Bomdila) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01FA6C4E9F8CD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01FA6C4E9F8CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c5a132811ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE2572CA8E01FA6C4E9F8CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +210. + +Agrisius fuliginosus +Moore, 1872: 571 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01807C418FE76.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01807C418FE76.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a56d6ddef43 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01807C418FE76.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Agylla +Walker, 1854: 552 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Agylla fasciculata +Walker, 1854 + + + + + += +Salapola +Walker, 1863:525 + + += +Cramhomorpha +Felder, 1874: pl.106 nec. +Gmmbomorphits +MacL. Neur. (1867) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E019DAC2BBFF7A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E019DAC2BBFF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..211ea7f731b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E019DAC2BBFF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +212. + +Agrisius neofuliginosus +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:125 + +126 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ziro +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01A2AC39FFC49.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01A2AC39FFC49.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de299d85c39 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01A2AC39FFC49.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +214. + +Ammathella garo +(Volynkin, 2018) + +: 6 + + + + + +Type +locality: NE +India +, +Assam +, W +Meghalaya +, +Garo Hills +, +Nokrek National Park +, +25°40’N +, +91°04’E +, + +1150 m + + + + + + +Distribution +: +Northeastern +India +( +Garo Hills +, +Meghalaya +) ( +Volynkin 2018 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01B6EC449FD05.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01B6EC449FD05.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e425c61f2a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01B6EC449FD05.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +213. + +Agylla semirufa +( +Hampson,1896 +) + +: 493 + + + + +Type +locality: Khasis + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +( +Hampson 1900 +), +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01CEAC284F98A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01CEAC284F98A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00bd9ef7d7b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01CEAC284F98A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +216. + +Ammatho cuneorotatus +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:77 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam +, +Jatinga + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +( +India +) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01D57C298FBFD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01D57C298FBFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..901c583de25 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01D57C298FBFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Ammatho +Walker, 1855:759 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Ammatho cuneonotatus +Walker, 1855 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01DE7C3FDFAF9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01DE7C3FDFAF9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4516f828303 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01DE7C3FDFAF9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +215. + +Ammatho cuneonotatus +Walker, 1854:759 + + + + + += + +Miltochrista mindorana +Semper, 1899: 507 + + + + += + + +Miltochrista cuneonotata conchyliata +Draudt, 1914: 137 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon + + +[ +Sri Lanka +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Nagaland +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling, Tukdah), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Meghalaya +, +Manipur +, +Mizoram +, +Assam +, +Karnataka +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Kerala +( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01E36C37BF85E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01E36C37BF85E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e8a5e4e8378 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01E36C37BF85E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +218. + +Arctelene patnitopensis +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:110 + + + + + +Type +locality: Jammu & Kashmir, Patnitop + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir ( +India +) (Kirti & Gill 2016). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01F17C295F93D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01F17C295F93D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b04f72f75e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01F17C295F93D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Arctelene +Kirti & Gill, 2008:360 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Arctelene uncodes +Kirti & Gill, 2008 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01FA6C2DAF8CE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01FA6C2DAF8CE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..59826a93a61 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE3572DA8E01FA6C2DAF8CE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +217. + +Arctelene neouncodes +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:109 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Karnataka +, +Medikeri +[Madikeri] + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01807C2D7FE2D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01807C2D7FE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ffdb6ab567 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01807C2D7FE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Blavia +Walker, 1862: 108 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Blavia caliginosa +Walker, 1862 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01897C21EFDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01897C21EFDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8fbbfbed3a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01897C21EFDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +254. + +Blavia scoteola +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +:105 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01BC3C23BFD71.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01BC3C23BFD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3963a7517ae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01BC3C23BFD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Brunia +Moore, 1878: 15 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lithosia antica +Walker, 1854 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01CCFC2FAFA65.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01CCFC2FAFA65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8824d2e9495 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01CCFC2FAFA65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +257. + +Brunia fumidisca +( +Hampson, 1894 +) + +: 80 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikkim +, +Tenasserim Valley + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +( +Bucsek 2017 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01DE7C439FAD5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01DE7C439FAD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bba51f3cbc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01DE7C439FAD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +256. + +Brunia cucullata +(Moore, 1878) + +: 17 + + + + + += + + +Eilema cucullatella +Draudt, 1914: 209 + + + + + + += + + +Eilema cucullata infuscata +Draudt, 1914: 209 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Andamans + + + + +Distribution: Andamans, +Assam +( +Bucsek 2017 +), +Manipur +, +Meghalaya +( + +Joshi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01E7EC296F839.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01E7EC296F839.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e3097d8c8e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01E7EC296F839.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +260. + +Brunia sarawaca +(Butler, 1877) + +: 350 + + + + + += + + +Eilema griseadisca +Holloway, 1982: 210 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Borneo +, +Sarawak + + + + + +Distribution: North East Himalayas ( +Bucsek 2017 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01F5FC562F9F5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01F5FC562F9F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..043a556aa65 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01F5FC562F9F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +258. + +Brunia gibonica +( +Černý 2009 +) + +: 148 + + + + + +Type +locality: SE. +Thailand +, +Tram +, +Lam Nood +, ban Noen-Ki-Lai, + +156m + +, +12°14’N +, +102°24’35”E + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +), +Meghalaya +, +Assam +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01FEFC233F886.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01FEFC233F886.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c60b6b1503c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE4572AA8E01FEFC233F886.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +259. + +Brunia pseudoantica +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:148 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kerala +, +Rani + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01823C31FFE51.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01823C31FFE51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c628542b005 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01823C31FFE51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Bucsekia +Dubatolov & Kishida, 2012: 177 + + + + + + +Type +Species: + +Wittia yazakii +Dubatolov, Kishida & Wang, 2012 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E018B2C2BCFDE2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E018B2C2BCFDE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..baa2ae9a8e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E018B2C2BCFDE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +262. + +Bucsekia mediumpilosa +Bucsek, 2012: 135 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Malaysia +, +Pahang District +, +Cameron Highland +, +Kampung Kuala Boh + + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01A0EC2BCFC26.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01A0EC2BCFC26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e9cc53c6d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01A0EC2BCFC26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +263. + +Byrsia neoaurantiaca +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 165 + + + + + +Type +locality: Jammu & Kashmir, Gulmarg + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01ABBC2DBFBD9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01ABBC2DBFBD9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5200c554e40 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01ABBC2DBFBD9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus +Callidarsine + +Huang & +Volynkin, 2021: 7 + +, 13 + + + + + +Type +species: + +Miltochrista callida +Fang, 1991 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01BFFC2F5FC95.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01BFFC2F5FC95.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ad8a2812996 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01BFFC2F5FC95.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Byrsia +Walker, 1864 + +[ +1865 +]: 193 + + + + + +Type +species: + +Byrsia dotata +Walker [1865] +1864 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01C77C2AAFA1D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01C77C2AAFA1D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6aa2ec5f599 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01C77C2AAFA1D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus +Capissa +Moore, 1878: 19 + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lithosia vagesa +Moore, [1860] + +1858–9 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01C87C31BF9AD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01C87C31BF9AD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..031288db456 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01C87C31BF9AD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +265. + +Capissa alba +Kirti, N. +Singh & Joshi, 2014: 46 + + + + + +Type +locality: Patnitop, Jammu & Kashmir + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir (Patnitop) ( + +Kirti +et al +. 2014c + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01DCAC298FB6A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01DCAC298FB6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bab9fed44db --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE5572BA8E01DCAC298FB6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +264. +Callidarsine + +callida +( +Fang, 1991 +) + +: 387 + + + + + +Type +locality: [ +China +] +Mt. Emei +, +Sichuan +, + +800–1000 m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, NE +India +( + +Joshi +et al +. 2018b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E018DEC286FDE1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E018DEC286FDE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..56955dcad76 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E018DEC286FDE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +237. + +Barsine gratiosa +(Guérin-Méneville, 1843) + +:90 + + + + += + +Euchelia gratiosa +Guérin-Méneville, 1843: 90 + + + + + +Type +locality: Neelgheries [Nilgiris] + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Sikkim +, +Assam +(Cachar Hills), +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +(Arora & Chaudhury 1982), Andamans ( +Arora 1983 +), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1997 +), +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Hampson 1900 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E019DAC476FEE5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E019DAC476FEE5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b12e034f75b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E019DAC476FEE5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +236. + +Barsine germana +( +Rothschild, 1913 +) + +:214 + + + + += + +Barsine valvalis +Kaleka, 2003: 97 + + + += + +Barsine thomasi +Kaleka, 2003: 102 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasia Hills +, +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +, +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +(Kempty falls), +Meghalaya +(Garo, Shillong), +Assam +(Garampani, Jatinga), +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Rothschild 1913 +, + +Kaleka 2003 +a + +, Joshi +et al. +2018b, +Volynkin +et al. +2020). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01A52C5C3FC49.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01A52C5C3FC49.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..45998cf797f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01A52C5C3FC49.xml @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +239. + +Barsine kirata +Volynkin & N. Singh, 2020: 111 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +N. E. +India +, +Assam +, +Nambor Reserv +[e] +Forest +, +Garampani, H += + +100 m + +, +26°20’N +, +93°55’E + + + + + +Distribution +: +Northeastern +India +( +Sikkim +, +Darjeeling +, +Assam +) ( +Volynkin +et al +. 2020). + + +Remark: The records of + +B. orientalis bigamica +Černý & Pinratana, 2009 + +from +Nepal +and +India +(north of West Bengal (Darjeeling), +Assam +and +Sikkim +) by +Černý & Pinratana (2009) +and +Kirti & Singh (2016) +belong to + +B. kirata + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01ABCC1CBFB1C.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01ABCC1CBFB1C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d4c6a3f82c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01ABCC1CBFB1C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +240. + +Barsine linga linga +Moore, 1859: 301 + + + + + += + +Barsine tripartita +Walker, [1865] + +: 250 + + + + +Type +locality: Darjiling [Darjeeling] + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +, +Assam +(Jatinga, Silchar), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Mizoram +(Champhai) ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01BC2C356FD71.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01BC2C356FD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..23c893c6ebf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01BC2C356FD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +238. + +Barsine jagbiri +N. Singh, 2019: 47 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Madanpur +, +Valmiki Tiger Reserve +, +Bihar +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: Valmiki Tiger Reserve, +Bihar +(Singh 2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01C35C3F6FA5A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01C35C3F6FA5A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b7f5cea365 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01C35C3F6FA5A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +241. + +Barsine mactans +Butler, 1877: 340 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjeeling +[NE +India +, north of +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +, + +Huang +et al +. 2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01D89C3F2FACA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01D89C3F2FACA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b5203aabbf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01D89C3F2FACA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +240a. + +Barsine linga spilosomoides +(Moore, 1878) + +:33 + + + + += + +Lyclene spilosomoides +Moore, 1878: 33 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +N.W. +India + + + + + +Distribution: Western Himalaya, NW +India +( + +Volynkin +& Černý 2017c + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01F45C55BF932.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01F45C55BF932.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..27dbf7e0593 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01F45C55BF932.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +242. + +Barsine perpallida +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +: 495 + + + + += + +Korawa pallida +Moore, 1878: 12 + +(preocc. + +Calligenia pallida +Bremer, 1864 + +) + + + += + + +Diacrisia porthesioides +Rothschild, 1910: 186 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +, +Sikkim +, North of +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +; +Volynkin +et al. +2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01F96C4F1F805.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01F96C4F1F805.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f6f56eb1b6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65728A8E01F96C4F1F805.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +243. + +Barsine pretiosa +Moore, 1879: 394 + + + + + + += + + +Barsine pseudomactans +Volynkin & Černý, 2016:307 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Dharamsala, N.W +. Himalaya [N +India +, +Himachal Pradesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalaya ( +Uttarakhand +, +Himachal Pradesh +), North East +India +( +Sikkim +, North of +West Bengal +, +Meghalaya +) ( +Volynkin +& Černý 2016 + +b, Huang +et al +. 2019 + +), +Assam +( + +Joshi +et al. +2021 + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65729A8E01EE0C2BBFF32.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65729A8E01EE0C2BBFF32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e91a18f32c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE65729A8E01EE0C2BBFF32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +244. + +Barsine pseudoorientalis +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 72 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Deomali + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E018FAC3DFFD9A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E018FAC3DFFD9A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..671f37c642f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E018FAC3DFFD9A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +246. + +Barsine rufumdefecta +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 69 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Kerala +, +Devikulam + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Maharashtra +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01993C489FE09.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01993C489FE09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d46510438a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01993C489FE09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +245. + +Barsine roseata roseata +( +Walker 1864 +) + +: 271 + + + + +Type +locality: Hindostan + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +(Kolkata) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Assam +(Jatinga) ( + +Kirti +et al +. 2007 + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Remark: + +Barsine roseata augasta +Kishida, 2017 + +is known from +Vietnam +( +Volynkin +et al. +2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01AC6C43DFC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01AC6C43DFC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f97b0cd3339 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01AC6C43DFC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +248. + +Barsipennis phaeodonta +( +Hampson, 1911 +) + +:406 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[NE +India +, +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +, +Sikkim +, north of +West Bengal +( +Volynkin +& Černý 2019a). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01BB6C4A4FCDD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01BB6C4A4FCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2f3b6e62b1a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01BB6C4A4FCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +247. + +Barsipennis joshii +(Volynkin & Černý, 2019) + +:74 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Nokrek National Park +, 25°40‟N, 91°04‟E, + +1150m + +, +Garo Hills, W. +Meghalaya +, NE-India + + + + + +Distribution +: +South +Tamil Nadu +, +North East +India +, +Meghalaya +, +Sikkim +( +Volynkin +& Černý 2019a). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01CCFC2F7FA65.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01CCFC2F7FA65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4773c4d09e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01CCFC2F7FA65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Barsura +Volynkin, Dubatolov & Kishida, 2017: 55 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Barsine nubifascia +Walker, [1865] + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01D73C2FCFB21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01D73C2FCFB21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b5b5b72ccf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01D73C2FCFB21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Barsochrista +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016: 107 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lyclene kishidai +Kirti & Gill, 2009 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01D82C2FBFAB2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01D82C2FBFAB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b3913bd50b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01D82C2FBFAB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +249. + +Barsochrista kishidai +(Kirti & Gill, 2009) + +:110 + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Kerala +, +Vadasserikkara +, + +30 m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +, +India +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01F5FC2A2F9F5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01F5FC2A2F9F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2ee79b467e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01F5FC2A2F9F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +250. + +Barsura melanoleuca +( +Hampson, 1894 +) + +: 120 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[E +India +, +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: E +India +, +Sikkim +( +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01FEFC27BF8CD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01FEFC27BF8CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e488220784 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE75729A8E01FEFC27BF8CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +251. + +Barsura nubifascia +(Walker, [1865]) + +:251 + + + + += + +Barsine punctifascia +Walker, 1869 + +: 09 + + + + +Type +locality: Darjeeling + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Strand 1922 +, + +Singh +et al. +2014 + +), +Punjab +( +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01807C358FE2D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01807C358FE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9eac6dd1e72 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01807C358FE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +150. + +Spilarctia eldorado +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 150 + + + + + +Type locality: +Khasia Hills +, +Assam +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1920) +. + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01897C567FDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01897C567FDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90c60b392ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01897C567FDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +151. + +Spilarctia gopara +( +Moore, 1859 +) + +: 356 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjeeling +, +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010), +Meghalaya +( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01ABBC19DFB21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01ABBC19DFB21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bb836f17653 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01ABBC19DFB21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +154. + +Spilarctia melanostigma +( +Erschoff, 1872 +) + +: 316 + + + + + += + + +Spilarctia karakorumica +Daniel, 1961: 159 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Touran Russe +[in upper valley of Zerafshan, near Varzaminor, Hodzhent Province of Tadzhikistan] + + + + + +Distribution +: +North +India +including +Ladakh +( +Dubatolov +2010), +Uttarakhand +, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +Nagaland +( +Rothschild 1910 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01B27C3FAFD4D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01B27C3FAFD4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f4b18f8866 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01B27C3FAFD4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +152. + +Spilarctia irregularis +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 125 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ichang +, +West +China +[ +China +: +Hubei +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +(Lachen), +West Bengal +(Kurseong) ( +Kaleka 2007 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01BB7C57CFC49.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01BB7C57CFC49.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01af4440689 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01BB7C57CFC49.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +153. + +Spilarctia leopardina +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 467 + + + + + += + + +Arctia divisa +Walker, 1855: 614 + + + + + + += + + +Ardices liturata +Walker, 1869: 12 + + + + + + + +Type locality: Himaleya [Himalaya, +India +]. +Lectotype +designated by Dubatolov, Kishida & Fang (2005) + + + + +Distribution: Indian Himalaya ( +Kollar 1844 +), +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttar Pradesh +[ +Uttarakhand +], +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +Manipur +(Dubatolov 2010), +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Hampson 1894 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Kirti +et al +. 2005 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01CCFC2B0F9AD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01CCFC2B0F9AD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e60f569af2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01CCFC2B0F9AD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +156. + +Spilarctia montana + +(Guerin–Meneville, 1843): 92 + + + + += + +Arctia indica +Guerin + +–Meneville, 1843: 93 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Neelgheries +[ +India +: Nilgiris, +Kerala +or +Tamil Nadu +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +(Hanpson 1920), +Kerala +, +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) (Dubatolov 2010), (Punjab, +Maharashtra +( +Bombay +), +Madhya Pradesh +(Jubbulpur)) ( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01D83C31EFAD5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01D83C31EFAD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6ef22c74364 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01D83C31EFAD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +155. + +Spilarctia mona +( +Swinhoe, 1885 +) + +: 295 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Mahableshwur +[ +India +, +Maharashtra +: Mahabaleshwar] + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Mahabaleshwar (Dubatolov 2010), +Bombay +( +Hampson 1901 +), +Meghalaya +( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1998 +), +Maharashtra +(Matheran) (Kirti & Gill 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01F17C29AF815.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01F17C29AF815.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b69d279595f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE85726A8E01F17C29AF815.xml @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +157. + +Spilarctia obliqua +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 679 + + + + + += + + +Spilosoma suffusa +Walker, 1855: 677 + + + + + += + +Spilosoma dentilinea +( +Moore, 1872 +) + +: 573 + + + += + + +Spilarctia confusa +Butler, 1875: 42 + + + + + + += + + +Spilarctia howra +Moore, 1879: 40 + + + + + += +D +[ +iacrisia +] +assamensis +Rothschild, 1910: 136 + + + + + +Type +locality: In the original description, specimens were cited only from Sydney and New +South Wales +; nevertheless, +Hampson (1901: 290) +designated specimen from N. +India +as the +type +of this species + +. + + + + +Distribution: [Throughout] +India +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E019DBC124FEC1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E019DBC124FEC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d5c59c684aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E019DBC124FEC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +158. + +Spilarctia punctata +( +Moore, 1859 +) + +: 355 + + + + + += + + +Diacrisia fuscitincta +Hampson, 1901: 258 + + + + + + + + +Type locality: +Java +[ +Indonesia +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1992) + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +Nagaland +(Dubatolov 2010), +West Bengal +( +Gupta & Majumdar 2006 +), +Uttarakhand +( +Majumdar 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01A52C399FC01.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01A52C399FC01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..160f6ec48cf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01A52C399FC01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +161. + +Spilarctia tamangi +( +Thomas, 1994 +) + +: 195 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Indien + +, + +WB +, Darjeeling, Tigerhill, + +2400 m + +[ +India +: +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01AE2C36CFB91.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01AE2C36CFB91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c1c21f482f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01AE2C36CFB91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +162. + +Spilarctia tigrina +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 398 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Pulney Hills, S. +India +( +Sealy +) [ +Tamil Nadu +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Pulney Hills) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01BC2C445FD71.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01BC2C445FD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88299afbfe2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01BC2C445FD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +160. + +Spilarctia sagittifera +Moore, 1888: 394 + + + + + + +Type locality: +Dharamsala +[ +India +: +Himachal Pradesh +]. +Lectotype +designated by +Thomas (1994) + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Dubatolov 2010), +Sikkim +( +Chaudhury 2003 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01CEBC337F989.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01CEBC337F989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..189c01dc301 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01CEBC337F989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Spilosoma +Curtis, 1825: 92 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Bombyx menthastri + +[Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01D72C2A1FB45.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01D72C2A1FB45.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2999796f624 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01D72C2A1FB45.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +163. + +Spilarctia todara +( +Moore, 1872 +) + +: 574 + + + + + += + + +Diacrisia hampsoni +Rothschild, 1914: 243 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Nilghiris [Coonoor, Nilgiris] + + + + +Distribution: +Kerala +, +Tamil Nadu +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01DBEC330FAD5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01DBEC330FAD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5044426ea6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01DBEC330FAD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +164. + +Spilarctia xanthogaster +( +Thomas, 1994 +) + +: 190 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasi Hills +[ +India +: +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills), +Assam +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01F7BC419F93D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01F7BC419F93D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8403d2b6b92 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFE95727A8E01F7BC419F93D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +165. + +Spilosoma erythrozona +( +Kollar, 1844 +) + +: 468 + + + + + += + + +Spilosoma cognata +Walker, 1869: 11 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himaleya +, +Massuri +[ +India +, Himalaya, Mussorrie] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010), +Meghalaya +( + +Kirti +et al +. 2005 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E0186AC307FE09.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E0186AC307FE09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c87c35d1f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E0186AC307FE09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +134. + +Orontobia taglangla +De +Freina, 1997: 53 + + + + + + +Type +locality: Inde septentrionale, Ladakh, TaglangLa, + +4400–5200 m + +[ +India +: +Jammu +& +Kashmir +] + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir (Ladakh) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E019DAC29FFF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E019DAC29FFF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b97dcf49ce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E019DAC29FFF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Orontobia +De +Freina, 1997: 50 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Orontobia dalailama +De +Freina, 1997 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01AC6C3C0FC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01AC6C3C0FC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..123176ae8b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01AC6C3C0FC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +137. + +Pangora erosa +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 708 + + + + + +Type +locality: “?” not stated. +Lectotye +designated from Ceylon, +Pundaloya +[ +Sri Lanka +] by +Hampson (1901: 361) + + + + + +Distribution +: +South +India +( +Travancore +, +Nilgiris +) ( +Dubatolov +2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01B26C306FD4D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01B26C306FD4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ada084e17b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01B26C306FD4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +135. + +Pangora coorgensis +( +Hampson, 1916 +) + +: 238 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Madras +, +Coorg +, +Somwarpet +( +Hannyngton +) [ +India +: +Tamil Nadu +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +(Coorg, Madras) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01BB6C343FCDD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01BB6C343FCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55bf6826468 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01BB6C343FCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +136. + +Pangora distorta +Moore, 1879: 42 + + + + + +Type locality: Masuri. Simla. N. W Himalayas. +Lectotype +designated by +Hampson (1901) +. + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01C41C2EDFAEF.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01C41C2EDFAEF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7cacfe43df2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01C41C2EDFAEF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Paramsacta +Hulstaert, 1923: 187 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Paramsacta pura +Hulstaert, 1923 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01D56C4E9FB45.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01D56C4E9FB45.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa7f7d014c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01D56C4E9FB45.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +138. + +Pangora matherana +Moore, 1879: 396 + + + + + += +Pangora rubelliana +Swinhoe, 1889 +[ +1890 +]: 403 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Matheran Hill +, Bombay [ +India +: +Maharashtra +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Matheran Hill) (Dubatolov 2010), +Bombay +( +Hampson 1901 +), +Karnataka +(North Kanara) (Dubatolov 2010), +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Hampson 1894 +), +Kerala +, Goa ( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01E53C442F801.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01E53C442F801.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa5a9a61e39 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01E53C442F801.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +140. + +Pareuchaetes pseudoinsuiata +Rego Barros, 1956: 79 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Venezuela +, +Caracas + + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Gudalur, Coonoor), +Kerala +( +Singh & Singh 2013b +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01FC0C2A0F971.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01FC0C2A0F971.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d15e0de031d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEA5724A8E01FC0C2A0F971.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Pareuchaetes +Grote, 1865: 245 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Pareuchaetes cadaverosa +Grote, 1865 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E0186AC13EFDBD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E0186AC13EFDBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37ff5b054be --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E0186AC13EFDBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +141. + +Rajendra biguttata +( +Walker, 1855 +) + +: 707 + + + + + += + + +Aloa nigricans +Moore, 1872: 572 + + + + + + += + + +Rajendra lativitta +Moore, 1879: 43 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Canara +, +Malabar Coast +[ +India +: +Karnataka +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +, +Maharashtra +, +Kerala +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Madhya Pradesh +, +Orissa +, +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +, Behar [ +Bihar +], Parisnath Hill [now in +Jharkhand +]) (Dubatolov 2010), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Punjab +, +Himachal Pradesh +( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1997 +), +Jharkhand +(Dalma WLS and Palamau Tiger reserve) (Singh 2019), +Andhra Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01B26C2C9FD4D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01B26C2C9FD4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2dc45babd7a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01B26C2C9FD4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +142. + +Rajendra cingulata +( +Rothschild, 1910 +) + +: 166 + + + + +Type +locality: Ooty [Madras, Nilgiris, Ootasamund] + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01C76C21FF989.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01C76C21FF989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..46a9ecee362 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01C76C21FF989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +145. + +Spilarctia casigneta +(Kollar, [1844]) + +: 469 + + + + += +S +[ +pilosoma +] +sanguinalis +Moore, 1865: 810 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himalaya +, +Massuri +[ +India +: +Uttarakhand +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +, +Assam +(Dubatolov 2010), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Manipur +, +Nagaland +, +Maharashtra +, +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) (Arora & Chaudhury 1982), +Meghalaya +( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1997 +), +Kerala +(Devikulum) (Kirti & Gill 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01DE6C2C7FA8D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01DE6C2C7FA8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d129c53049 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01DE6C2C7FA8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +144. + +Spilarctia bifascia +Hampson, 1891: 55 + + + + + + +Type +Locality: +The Nilgiri District of Southern +India +, S. slopes, + +3000 feet + +[ +India +: +Kerala +or +Tamil Nadu +] + + + + + +Distribution +: +South +India +( +Dubatolov +2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01F7AC44FF919.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01F7AC44FF919.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a69ac5a8e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01F7AC44FF919.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +146. + +Spilarctia castanea +Hampson, 1893: 79 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon + + +[Dickoya] [ +Sri Lanka +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +(Malshej Ghat, Mahabaleshwar) (Kirti & Gill 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01F8AC3FEF8F1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01F8AC3FEF8F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d0850b6365 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEB5725A8E01F8AC3FEF8F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +147. + +Spilarctia comma +( +Walker, 1856 +) + +: 1703 + + + + + += + + +Spilosoma abdominalis +Moore, 1859: 356 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Hindostán +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas (Kashmir, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttar Pradesh +) (Dubatolov 2010), +Sikkim +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Kirti +et al +. 2005 + +), +Uttarakhand +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E018DFC2FFFE75.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E018DFC2FFFE75.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5cfcff10e71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E018DFC2FFFE75.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Aberrasine +Volynkin & Huang, 2019: 67 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Miltochrista aberrans +Butler, 1877 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E019DAC311FF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E019DAC311FF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9657bb57b0b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E019DAC311FF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +182. + +Spilosoma uniformis +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 39 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Calcutta +[ +India +: +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: Calcutta [ +India +: +West Bengal +] (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01AC7C23BFC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01AC7C23BFC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e656e1d3728 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01AC7C23BFC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Adites +Moore [1882] +1882 + +–3: 61 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Doliche hilaris +Walker, 1854 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01B6EC2A1FD05.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01B6EC2A1FD05.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..59ddd33deab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01B6EC2A1FD05.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +183. + +Aberrasine pangsau +N. +Singh, Kirti & Bisht, 2021: 384 + +386 + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, N[orth] E[ast] +India +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Shergaon + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Singh +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01BFEC487FCB9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01BFEC487FCB9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c804fab4556 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01BFEC487FCB9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +184. + +Aberrasine strigivenata +( +Hampson, 1894 +) + +:107 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Naga +Hills + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +Nagaland +( +Naga +Hills) ( +Hampson 1900 +), +Meghalaya +(East Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills) ( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1998 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Singh +et al +. 2021 + +, + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01C76C46CFA1D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01C76C46CFA1D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cbea70e499a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01C76C46CFA1D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +187. + +Adites pseudohilaris +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:118 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Karnataka +, +Ganeshgudi + + + + + +Distribution: +Karnataka +( +India +) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +), +Kerala +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01CA4C2E2F9CB.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01CA4C2E2F9CB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..912f8104637 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01CA4C2E2F9CB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + +Adrepsa +Moore + +in Hewitson & + +Moore, 1879: 37 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Adrepsa stilbioides +Moore, 1879 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01D57C233FBFE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01D57C233FBFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8966451d1e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01D57C233FBFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +185. + +Adites impilia +Černý, 2009: 96 + + + + + + +Type +locality: N. +Thailand +, +Chiang Mai +, +Doi Inthanon N +[ational] P[ark], + +1416 m + +, +18°30´59´´N +, +98°28´13´´E + + + + + +Distribution +: +Assam +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01DE6C28DFA8E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01DE6C28DFA8E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7b266ee81eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01DE6C28DFA8E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +186. + +Adites paraimpilia +N. Singh, +Kirti & Kaleka, 2016:114 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikkim +, +Mangan + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +India +) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01E65C2E8F80B.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01E65C2E8F80B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8b197341346 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01E65C2E8F80B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + + +Genus + + +Aemene +Walker, 1854: 541 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Aemene taprobanis +Walker, 1854 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01F39C2EDF956.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01F39C2EDF956.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bfd2ee35b2c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5722A8E01F39C2EDF956.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +188. + +Adrepsa stilbioides +Moore, 1879:88 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +( +India +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5723A8E01EF5C32BFF31.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5723A8E01EF5C32BFF31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ad604903420 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEC5723A8E01EF5C32BFF31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +189. + +Aemene albisparsa +Hampson, 1898: 439 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasis +( +Assam +) [ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: NE ( +India +), (Hampson 1898, +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01822C36FFE51.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01822C36FFE51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24df28aebad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01822C36FFE51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +191. + +Aemene flavescens +Hampson, 1898 + +[1897]: 439 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasis +, +Assam + + +[ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +(Hampson1898, +Volynkin +et al. +2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E018B4C376FDDB.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E018B4C376FDDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a18cad895a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E018B4C376FDDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +192. + +Aemene fulvocincta +( +Hampson 1900 +) + +:397 + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiris + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris, Madurai) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01992C352FEC1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01992C352FEC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e1b5ed16b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01992C352FEC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +190. + +Aemene amnaea +Swinhoe, 1894: 437 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Shillong +[ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +] ( +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01A75C3F1FC3E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01A75C3F1FC3E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..720dbc46c07 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01A75C3F1FC3E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +194. + +Aemene maculifascia +Moore, 1878: 33 + +34 + + + + + += + + +Hyposiccia abraxina +Rothschild, 1913: 202 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Darjiling + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +, +Meghalaya +(Khasis) ( +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01AABC4EBFBC9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01AABC4EBFBC9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ea5eccf8304 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01AABC4EBFBC9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +195. + +Aemene mesozonata +Hampson, 1898: 438 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam + +, Khasis [ +Meghalaya +] + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills), NE +India +( +Strand 1922 +, +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01BC9C1B9FC8A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01BC9C1B9FC8A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..96303512387 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01BC9C1B9FC8A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +193. + +Aemene guttulosana +( +Walker, 1863 +) + +:429 + + + + + +Type +locality: +North +India + + + + + +Distribution: North +India +, +Tamil Nadu +(Coimbatore, Nilgiris), +Maharashtra +( +Mumbai +) ( +Strand 1922 +), +West Bengal +(Kolkata) ( +Sevastopulo 1944a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01C4AC3FAFA0D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01C4AC3FAFA0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9062ca4754b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01C4AC3FAFA0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +197. + +Aemene nilgirica +Hampson, 1891: 51 + + + + + + += + + +Aemene cinereicolor +Hampson, 1891: 51 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiri + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +, +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01CF6C298F99D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01CF6C298F99D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c11e8763ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01CF6C298F99D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +198. + +Aemene nocturna +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +: 410 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam + +, Khasis [ +Meghalaya +] + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +] ( +Hampson 1900 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01D3AC455FB59.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01D3AC455FB59.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62ed2b49c7b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01D3AC455FB59.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +196. + +Aemene minima +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +: 394 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon +, +Puttalam +, +Hambantota + + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +(Kolkata) ( +Sevastopulo 1944a +, +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01E26C200F872.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01E26C200F872.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8feede220b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01E26C200F872.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +201. + +Aemene seriata +Hampson, 1900:395 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam +[ +Nagaland +], +Naga +hills + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(East Khasi Hills), +Nagaland +( +Naga +Hills) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Sikkim +, +Maharashtra +, North West Himalaya ( +Gupta & Majumdar 2006 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01F06C32FF92D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01F06C32FF92D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..89516772630 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01F06C32FF92D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +199. + +Aemene quinquefascia +Hampson, 1891:52 + + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiri + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +( +Hampson 1891 +, +Volynkin +et al +. 2017). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01F96C4E2F8BD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01F96C4E2F8BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4fecbf44a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFED5723A8E01F96C4E2F8BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +200. + +Aemene sagittifera +Moore, 1888:392 + +393 + + + + +Type +locality: Dharamsala (Hockmff); N.W. +India +(Leitner) + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, North West Himalayas (Mussoorie, Dalhousie, Kangra) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E018FAC3CFFD05.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E018FAC3CFFD05.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba6f88ad019 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E018FAC3CFFD05.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +167. + +Spilosoma punctaria +Stoll, (1782) + +: 233 + + + + += + +Arctia punctigera +Motschulsky, 1860 + +[1861]: 31 + + + += + + +Spilosoma roseiventer +Snellen van Vollenhoven, 1863: 143 + + + + + + += + + +Spilosoma punctaria miserata +Bryk, 1942: 33 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Japon + + +[ +Japan +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, +Nagaland +( + +Chandra +et al +. 2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01A11C2B7FC3E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01A11C2B7FC3E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..53418fae0c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01A11C2B7FC3E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +168. + +Tatargina (Hindargina) pannosa +( +Moore, 1879 +) + +: 397 + + + + + +Type +locality: Dharamsala ( +N.W. Himalayas +) [ +India +: +Himachal Pradesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas ( +Hampson 1901 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01AA1C363FBCE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01AA1C363FBCE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c2306fc0a03 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01AA1C363FBCE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +169. + +Tatargina (Hindargina) sipahi +( +Moore, 1872 +) + +: 573 + + + + +Type locality: ‘Deccan’. +Lectotype +designated by Dubatolov (2006) + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +, +Tamil Nadu +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01B81C289FCAE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01B81C289FCAE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..891afd3e9a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01B81C289FCAE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + +Tatargina +Butler, 1877: 366 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Deiopeia picta +Walker, [1865] 1864 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01C19C2F5FA36.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01C19C2F5FA36.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b17c2738b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01C19C2F5FA36.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +170. + +Utetheisa antennata +( +Swinhoe, 1893 +) + +: 215 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Nicobars +, +Camorta +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Nicobar Islands +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01CA9C1A0F956.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01CA9C1A0F956.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ff189a72aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEE5720A8E01CA9C1A0F956.xml @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +171. + +Utetheisa lotrix +( +Cramer, 1779 +) + +: 20 + + + + + += + + +Utetheisa pulchella tenuella +Seitz, 1910: 73 + + + + + + += + + +Utetheisa indica +Roepke, 1941: 6 + + + + + + += + + +Utetheisa lutescens +Roepke, 1941: 7 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: + +Cote +de Coromandel + +, [ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: [Throughout] +India +(Dubatolov 2010), Andaman & Nicobar ( +Chandra & Raghunathan 2018 +), +Chhattisgarh +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01806C2BDFE75.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01806C2BDFE75.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0a60bf4d951 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01806C2BDFE75.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +173. + +Utetheisa pulchelloides +Hampson, 1907: 239 + + + + + +Type +locality: Chagos IS., Peros Banhos + + + + +Distribution: North +India +to +Rajasthan +, +Sikkim +, +Assam +(Dubatolov 2010), +West Bengal +( +Hampson 1907 +), +Tamil Nadu +, +Kerala +, +Orissa +, Andaman & +Nicobar Islands +( +Arora 1983 +), Throughout +India +including +Madhya Pradesh +( +Chandra & Nema 2007 +), +Bihar +(Rajgir) (Singh 2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01A0EC22EFBB5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01A0EC22EFBB5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..927c9e506d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01A0EC22EFBB5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +176. + +Utetheisa (Pitasila) selecta +( +Walker, 1854 +) + +: 399 + + + + + += + + +Nyctemera bijunctella +Walker, 1866: 1880 + + + + + += +P +[ +itasila +] +Bipunctella +Kirby, 1892: 424 + + += + +Leptosoma maculosum +Felder, [1868], 1869: 6 + + + += + +Deilemera semperi +Swinhoe, 1903: 57 + + + + + + +Type +locality: not stated, probably, +Philippines +(Dubatolov 2010) + + + + + +Distribution: Andamans ( +Hampson 1894 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01B6EC360FD05.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01B6EC360FD05.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..340ffc9fc75 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01B6EC360FD05.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +174. + +Utetheisa (Pitasila) assamica +De Vos, 2007: 46 + + + + + + +Type +locality: NE +India +, +Assam +, Dibru Saikova Wildlife Sankt., + +20 km +N Tinsukia + +, + +100 m + +, +27°35’N +- +95°22’E +. + + + + + +Distribution +: +Assam +[North East +India +] ( +Dubatolov +2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01BFFC302FC95.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01BFFC302FC95.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..928bacd9d0c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01BFFC302FC95.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +175. + +Utetheisa (Pitasila) leucospilota +( +Moore, 1877 +) + +: 599 + + + + +Type locality: S. Andamans (Port Blair). +Lectotype +designated by De Vos (2007) + + + + +Distribution: Andaman & +Nicobar Islands +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01C5AC302FA1D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01C5AC302FA1D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3fd338999ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01C5AC302FA1D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +178. + +Utetheisa (Pitasila) variolosa + +(Felder & Rogenhofer, [1869] 1874): 14 + + + + + += + + +Nyctemera nicobarensis +Reich, 1932: 236 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: part.? Ind.? + + + + +Distribution: Andaman & +Nicobar Islands +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01D2EC538FB69.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01D2EC538FB69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..85a156e795b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01D2EC538FB69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +177. + +Utetheisa (Pitasila) varians +( +Walker, 1854 +) + +: 400 + + + + += + +Pitasila moolaica +Moore, 1878: 847 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +East Indies +[Moulmein, +Burma +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East, North West Himalayas (Dubatolov 2010), +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +( + +Chandra +et al. +2019 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01E1AC2C7F839.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01E1AC2C7F839.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e1651105bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01E1AC2C7F839.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +181. + +Spilosoma fusifrons +Walker, 1864: 295 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +South Hindostan +[South +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +(Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01F7AC349F919.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01F7AC349F919.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2510d199314 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01F7AC349F919.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +179. + +Spilosoma brunnea +Moore, 1872: 574 + + + + + + +Type +locality: Bombay [ +Mumbai +, +Maharashtra +, +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Maharashtra +( +Mumbai +) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01F8AC378F8A9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01F8AC378F8A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01adb0b36c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFEF5721A8E01F8AC378F8A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +180. + +Spilosoma fuscipennis +Hampson, 1894: 11 + +( + +Spilosoma fuscipenne +) + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Simla +[Shimla] [ +India +: +Himachal Pradesh +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +(Shimla) (Dubatolov 2010). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF0573EA8E019DAC2CEFF75.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF0573EA8E019DAC2CEFF75.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a342614a719 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF0573EA8E019DAC2CEFF75.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus +Dubatolova +Kirti, N. +Singh & Joshi, 2014: 42 + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lithosia prabana +Moore, 1859 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E0186AC3E1FD99.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E0186AC3E1FD99.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1383218971 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E0186AC3E1FD99.xml @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +332. + +Cyme euprepioides interserta +(Moore, 1878) + +:102 + + + + +Type +locality: Darjeeling + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Strand 1922 +), +Nagaland +( +Hampson 1894 +), North +India +( +Barlow 1982 +), +Meghalaya +(West Garo Hills) ( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1998 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Chaudhury 2003 +), +Mizoram +( +Ghosh & Majumdar 2007 +), +Assam +(Jatinga) (Singh +et al +. 2013), +Tripura +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Remark: + +Cyme euprepioides euprepioides +( +Walker, 1862 +) + +(= + +Hypocrita inclusa +Snellen, 1877 + +is distributed in Borneo, +Philippines +and Sumatra ( +Holloway 2001 +; +Volynkin +et al. +2019). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01AE9C2F4FB86.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01AE9C2F4FB86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c1b4335e71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01AE9C2F4FB86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Dentadra +Dubatolov, Volynkin, N. +Singh, Joshi & Černý, 2021: 521 + + +522 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Prabhasa flavicosta +Moore, 1878 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01BB6C4B1FCDD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01BB6C4B1FCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f078331d4d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01BB6C4B1FCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +333. + +Delineatia mesortha +(Hampson, 1898) + +: 440 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasis +[ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( + +Joshi +et al +. 2018b + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01C68C20BFA2B.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01C68C20BFA2B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9536015228d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01C68C20BFA2B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Diduga +Moore [1877] +1884 + +7: 535 + + + + + +Type +species: + +Diduga costata +Moore, [1887] 1884 + +7 + + += +Androstigma +Hampson, 1893: 82 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01C99C518F9B7.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01C99C518F9B7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f737f2c639c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01C99C518F9B7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +335. + +Diduga albicosta +Hampson, 1891:53 + + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiri plateau + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +), Andaman ( +Chandra & Rajan 1995 +), ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01D79C51EFB5E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01D79C51EFB5E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..36448a5c996 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01D79C51EFB5E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +334. + +Dentadra flavicosta +Moore, 1878: 26 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Cherra Punji + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) (Moore 1878, +Strand 1922 +, + +Dubatolov +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Remark: The species is known only from Northeastern +India +( +Meghalaya +). Reporting of + +D. flavicosta + +from +Arunachal Pradesh +(Arora & Chaudhury 1982), North East Himalaya ( +Holloway 2001 +) is due to wrong identification. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01F12C4B2F942.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01F12C4B2F942.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1434b876b9f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01F12C4B2F942.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +336. + +Diduga costata +Moore, 1884 +1887:535 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon +, +Dickoya + + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +), ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +), +Karnataka +(present study). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01FA4C28BF8EF.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01FA4C28BF8EF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7b02d0087b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573CA8E01FA4C28BF8EF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +337. + +Diduga flavicostata +( +Snellen, 1879 +) + +: 92 + + + + + += + + +Diduga fulvicosta +Hampson, 1891: 52 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiris + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573DA8E01ED0C28BFF31.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573DA8E01ED0C28BFF31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b02010a546 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF2573DA8E01ED0C28BFF31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +338. + +Diduga fumipennis +( +Hampson, 1891 +) + +: 52 + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiri Plateau, +7000ft + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E018DFC2D1FE75.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E018DFC2D1FE75.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b32e8336a0d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E018DFC2D1FE75.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Disasuridia +Fang, 1991: 356 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Disasuridia rubida +Fang, 1991 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01992C305FEC1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01992C305FEC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f1bd4133f48 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01992C305FEC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +339. + +Diduga rufidisca +Hampson, 1897:439 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasis +, +Assam + + +[ +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: Khasi Hills, +Assam +[ +Meghalaya +] ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01AE9C2DDFB81.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01AE9C2DDFB81.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37bc477c127 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01AE9C2DDFB81.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Dolgoma +Moore, 1878: 20 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lithosia reticulata +Moore, 1866 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01B6EC2B2FD06.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01B6EC2B2FD06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07a72958dad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01B6EC2B2FD06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +340. + +Disasuridia fangae +Kirti, Joshi & Singh, 2013:270 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Thingsul +, +Mizoram + + + + + +Distribution: +Mizoram +(Thingsul) ( + +Kirti +et al +. 2013b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01C02C41AFA55.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01C02C41AFA55.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3d981491332 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01C02C41AFA55.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +344. + +Dolgoma rectoides arunachala +N. +Singh & Joshi, 2019: 40 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Ziro + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Singh +et al. +2019c + +). + + + + +Remark: + +Dolgoma rectoides rectoides +Dubatolov, 2012 + +is reported from +Vietnam +only + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01CB0C261F903.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01CB0C261F903.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..be56d34a147 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01CB0C261F903.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +345. + +Dolgoma reticulata +( +Moore, 1866 +) + +:798 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjeeling +[North East +India +, north of +West Bengal +] + + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir, +Sikkim +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Karnataka +, +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al. +2019c + +), +Himachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01D62C425FB11.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01D62C425FB11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a3c76a3659 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01D62C425FB11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +342. + +Dolgoma angulifera +(Felder, 1874) + +:106 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Himalaya +[N. +India +, +Himachal Pradesh +, +NE of Simla +] + + + + + +Distribution: Jammu & Kashmir, +Himachal Pradesh +, +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al +. 2019c + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01DF2C3F5FAA1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01DF2C3F5FAA1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5dc9fea1ac3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01DF2C3F5FAA1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +343. + +Dolgoma recta +Černý, 2009:143 + + + + + + +Type +locality: C[entral] +Thailand +, Saraburi, +Khao Yai NP +, +Mt. Khao Kaew +, + +1244 m + +, +14°21’56”N +, +101°24’E + + + + + +Distribution +: +North East +India +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Singh +et al +. 2019c + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01E0CC301F823.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01E0CC301F823.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2671e7b176f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01E0CC301F823.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +347. + +Dolgoma xanthoma +N. +Singh, Kirti, Datta & Volynkin, 2019: 36–37 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Uttarakhand +, +Dhanaulti + + + + + +Distribution: North +India +( +Uttarakhand +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2019c + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01FFCC508F893.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01FFCC508F893.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..79ba701f02c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF3573DA8E01FFCC508F893.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +346. + +Dolgoma xanthocraspis +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +:149 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[NE +India +, +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: North West (Jammu & Kashmir), North East +India +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al +. 2019c + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01822C198FE76.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01822C198FE76.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d6af90acde --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01822C198FE76.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +281. + +Churinga rufifrons +Moore, 1878:10 + + + + + +Type +locality: Darjiling [Darjeeling] + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Strand 1922 +), North West Himalayas ( +Hampson 1894 +), +West Bengal +( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +), +Uttarakhand +(Present study). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01ACDC20AFB86.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01ACDC20AFB86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00666495702 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01ACDC20AFB86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +283. + +Coccinigripennis incompletostriga +(Volynkin & Černý, 2017) + +: 451 + + + + +Type +locality: NE +India +, +Assam +, Nambor Reserv Forest, Garampani, h = +100 m +, +26°30’N +, +93°55’E +, 21 + + + + +Distribution: NE +India +, north of +West Bengal +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +( + +Volynkin +& Černý 2017b + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +, +Mizoram +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01B81C21BFCD2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01B81C21BFCD2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13c7e1955a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01B81C21BFCD2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +282. + +Coccinigripennis anomala +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + +:388 + + + + + +Type +locality: Rangyroon near Darjeeling, at about + +5000 feet + +. +Bhutan +. +From Naga Hills + + + + + +Distribution: NE +India +, north of +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +( +Elwes 1890 +, +Hampson 1900 +), +Nagaland +( + +Joshi +et al. +2021 + +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01D00C2A5FB2F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01D00C2A5FB2F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5746e9676d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01D00C2A5FB2F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Collita +Moore, 1878: 16 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Bombyx griseola +Hübner, [1803] 1796 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01E5FC252F862.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01E5FC252F862.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a771e93254 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01E5FC252F862.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +285. + +Conilepia sikkima +( +Strand, 1922 +) + +: 623 + + + + + += + + +Lithosia quadra sikkima +Strand, 1922: 623 + + + + + + += + + +Conilepia hunliensis +Kirti, N. +Singh & Joshi, 2013:232 + + +, + +syn. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: North eastern +India +, +Sikkim +( +Kishida 2011 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +(as + +C. hunliensis + +by + +Kirti +et al. +2013d + +), +Mizoram +(Dubatolov +et al +. 2016). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01FCFC2E8F965.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01FCFC2E8F965.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b989d4a006a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF85736A8E01FCFC2E8F965.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Conilepia +Hampson, 1900: 219 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Oeonistis nigricosta +Leech, 1889 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E0180DC29EFE22.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E0180DC29EFE22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8bbc3778593 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E0180DC29EFE22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Costarcha +Hampson, 1891: 53 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Costarcha indistincta +Hampson, 1891 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E0189DC35AFDB3.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E0189DC35AFDB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30b18eda3f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E0189DC35AFDB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +287. + +Costarcha indistincta +Hampson, 1891:53 + + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiris + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E019DAC26DFF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E019DAC26DFF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d643f8a116 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E019DAC26DFF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +286. + +Conilepia sikkimensis +Orhant, 2014: 1 + + + + + + +Type +locality: [ +India +] Inde, +Sikkim +, +Phodong + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Orhant 2014 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01A38C54AFC58.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01A38C54AFC58.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..47754f772a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01A38C54AFC58.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +288. + +Cyana abrupta +Volynkin & Černý, 2019:59 + + + + + + +Type +locality: NE +India +, +Assam +, +Pan Bari Reserv Forest +, +27°08’N +, +94°00’E + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +( + +Singh +et al. +2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01B34C2ECFCC8.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01B34C2ECFCC8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3d3bd82a0b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01B34C2ECFCC8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Cyana +Walker, 1854: 528 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Cyana detrita +Walker, 1854 + + + + + += +Doliche +Walker, 1854: 529 + + + += + + +Bizone +Walker, 1854: 548 + + + + + += + +Chionaema +Herrich-Schäffer, [1855] + +:100 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01CC1C3F7F9DA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01CC1C3F7F9DA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13b80137172 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01CC1C3F7F9DA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +291. + +Cyana arama arama +( +Moore, 1859 +) + +: 306 + + + + + += + + +Bizone triguttata +Walker, 1869: 89 + + + + + + += + + +Cyana distincta babui +Kishida, 1993: 38 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Darjeeling + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Nagaland +, +Mizoram +, +Manipur +), +Sikkim +, north of +West Bengal +, ( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +), +Uttarakhand +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01D48C3E5FB54.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01D48C3E5FB54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7542969bf0e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01D48C3E5FB54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +289. + +Cyana adita +( +Moore, 1859 +) + +: 306 + + + + += + +Bizone bifasciata +Poujade, 1886 + +: cxxiv + + + += + + +Bizone walkeri +Elwes, 1890: 393 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: N. +India + + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +( +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, North of +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Arunachal Pradesh +) ( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al. +2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01DB1C34FFADE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01DB1C34FFADE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c924498b0e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01DB1C34FFADE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +290. + +Cyana amabilis +( +Moore, 1877 +) + +: 597 + + + + +Type +locality: S. Andamans (Port Blair) + + + + +Distribution: Andaman & +Nicobar Islands +( +Arora 1983 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01E55C29CF81F.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01E55C29CF81F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..72edb2d292f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01E55C29CF81F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +292. + +Cyana arorai +Volynkin, N. Singh, +Kirti & Datta, 2020: 10 + + + + + + += + + +Chionaema tripunctata +Rothschild, 1936: 487 + + +(repl. name) + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Aberdeen +. +Andaman Islands + + + + + +Distribution: Andaman Islands ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01FC5C3DFF96B.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01FC5C3DFF96B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..862dafc6dbd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFF95737A8E01FC5C3DFF96B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +291a. + +Cyana arama metis +Volynkin & N. Singh, 2020: 47 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Indien +[ +Uttarakhand +] U. P., +Kumaon-Himalaya +, +Bhimtal +, + +1500 m + + + + + + +Distribution: North +India +( +Uttarakhand +, Punjab) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E0186AC2F1FE09.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E0186AC2F1FE09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..33af1613542 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E0186AC2F1FE09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +267. + +Cernyia cretacea +( +Hampson, 1911 +) + +: 401 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikkim + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Černý & Pinratana 2009 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E018FAC335FD9A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E018FAC335FD9A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84f1873dc38 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E018FAC335FD9A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +268. + +Cernyia longpala +( +Holloway, 2001 +) + +: 323 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sarawak +, Gunong Mulu Nat. Par + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +(Deomali) ( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E019DAC2B5FF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E019DAC2B5FF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5ee6adb1a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E019DAC2B5FF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Cernyia +Bucsek, 2012: 125 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Eilema pseudocretacea +Holloway, 2001 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01AC6C278FB91.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01AC6C278FB91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..813c0c3218e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01AC6C278FB91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Chamaita +Walker, 1862: 121 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Chamaita trichopteroides +Walker, 1862 + + + += +Homopsyche +Butler, 1882: 226 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01B0AC2BBFD2A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01B0AC2BBFD2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b4d827c72ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01B0AC2BBFD2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +269. + +Cernyia neocretacea +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2016:143 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Khonsa + + + + + +Distribution: +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Kirti & Singh 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01B9AC23FFCBA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01B9AC23FFCBA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a496b84d4c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01B9AC23FFCBA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +270. + +Cernyia pseudocretacea +( +Holloway, 2001 +) + +: 323 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sarawak +, +Gunong Mulu Nat. Park + + + + + +Distribution: +Nagaland +( + +Joshi +et al +. 2015a + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01CEAC2D7F984.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01CEAC2D7F984.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d21510a0dcc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01CEAC2D7F984.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Chinasa +Dubatolov, Volynkin & Kishida, 2018: 392 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Prabhasa costalis +Moore, 1878 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01D72C31DFB45.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01D72C31DFB45.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b2e44becc90 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01D72C31DFB45.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +271. + +Chamaita neuropteroides +Hampson, 1894: 125 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Margharita +, +Assam + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +Nagaland +( +Hampson 1894 +), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Sevastopulo 1944b +), North East Himalaya ( +Holloway 2001 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01DBEC36BFAD6.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01DBEC36BFAD6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..31d19d68ad6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01DBEC36BFAD6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +272. + +Chamaita nympha +(Moore, [1887]) + +: 536 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon +[Srilanka] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +, +Karnataka +( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01E3BC28BF858.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01E3BC28BF858.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..94a05f67d65 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01E3BC28BF858.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +274. + +Chiretolpis erubescens +( +Hampson, 1891 +) + +: 44 + + + + +Type +locality: Nilgiris + + + + +Distribution: +Tamil Nadu +(Nilgiris) ( +Strand 1922 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01F7FC4B8F914.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01F7FC4B8F914.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f2edf3ee09 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01F7FC4B8F914.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +273. + +Chinasa costalis +Moore, 1878: 26 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +North +China + + + + + +Distribution: Andamans, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Sikkim +( +Černý & Pinratana 2009 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01FA8C2AEF8C8.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01FA8C2AEF8C8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d46c9b1007 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFA5734A8E01FA8C2AEF8C8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Chiretolpis +Watson, 1980: 37 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Tricholepis erubescens +Hampson, 1891 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E019DAC2E5FF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E019DAC2E5FF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..953cc9aa00d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E019DAC2E5FF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Chrysaeglia +Butler, 1877: 356 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lithosia magnifica +Walker, 1862 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01A52C124FC25.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01A52C124FC25.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..22524d0d7c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01A52C124FC25.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +276. + +Chrysorabdia aurantiaca +Hampson, 1898: 297 + + + + + +Type +locality: Khasis + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Assam +( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1998 +), +Uttarakhand +(Garhwal) ( +Majumdar 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01A9EC57AFB21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01A9EC57AFB21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd42c2bdbe6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01A9EC57AFB21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +277. + +Chrysorabdia bivitta +( +Walker, 1856 +) + +: 168 + + + + + += + + +Lithosia bivitta +Walker, 1856: 1682 + + + + + += + +Lithosia disjuncta +Moore, [1866] + +: 797 + + + + +Type +locality: Hindostan + + + + +Distribution: North West Himalayas, +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +(Khasi Hills) ( +Strand 1922 +), +Manipur +( +Hampson 1894 +), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Sevastopulo 1944b +), +Arunachal Pradesh +(Tawang) ( +Chandra & Sambath 2013 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01BC2C29FFD71.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01BC2C29FFD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62c50477014 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01BC2C29FFD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Chrysorabdia +Butler, 1877: 357 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Lithosia viridata +Walker, [1865] 1864 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01D82C219FA41.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01D82C219FA41.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d2e3e955b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01D82C219FA41.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +278. + +Chrysorabdia viridata +( +Walker, 1864 +) + +: 225 + + + + += + +Lithosia viridata +Walker, [1865] + +: 225 + + +=Gnophria + +(Oeonistis) strigata +Möschler, 1872: 353 + + + + + +Type +locality: Darjeeling + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, +Assam +( +Strand 1922 +), +West Bengal +(Darjeeling) ( +Sevastopulo 1944b +), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Himachal Pradesh +, (Shimla, Dalhousie) (Arora & Chaudhury 1982), +Meghalaya +( +Ghosh & Chaudhury 1998 +), +Uttarakhand +(Almorah) ( +Majumdar 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01F5EC2E1F9F5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01F5EC2E1F9F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b2a257a395f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01F5EC2E1F9F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + +Genus + +Churinga +Moore, 1878: 9 + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Churinga rufifrons +Moore, 1878 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01FEEC49AF8A9.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01FEEC49AF8A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7d99ff7bbd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5735A8E01FEEC49AF8A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +279. + +Churinga beema +( +Moore, 1865 +) + +:798 + + + + + += + + +Lithosia beema +Moore, 1865:798 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: Darjeeling + + + + +Distribution: +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5736A8E01E1AC2DDFEC1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5736A8E01E1AC2DDFEC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c1627ad9fb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFB5736A8E01E1AC2DDFEC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +280. + +Churinga metaxantha +( +Hampson, 1895 +) + +:292 293 + + + + + += + + +Macrobrochis metaxantha +Hampson, 1895: 292 + + + + + + + += + + +Agylla rufifrons virago +Rothschild, 1913: 224 + + + + + += + +Agylla filifrons Fang, 1900 + +Type +locality: +Bhutan +(Dudgeon) + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +(Present study), +Sikkim +( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + +Remark: + +Agylla virago + +is synonymised based on genitalic similarities with + +C. metaxantha + +here. + +Agylla filifrons +Fang, 1900 + +genitalia could not be studied but morphologically it resembles + +C. metaxantha + +and considered here as a synonym of + +C. metaxantha + +till further studies. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E0186AC0AFFE52.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E0186AC0AFFE52.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f273a16971d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E0186AC0AFFE52.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +314. + +Cyana khasiana +Hampson, 1897 + + + + + += + +Chionaema hampsoni +Kaleka, 2003: 380 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khásis +[NE +India +, +Meghalaya +, Khasi Hills] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +Meghalaya +( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +), +Sikkim +Arunachal Pradesh +, north of +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E018B3C0AFFD06.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E018B3C0AFFD06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5eccaa3d359 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E018B3C0AFFD06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +315. + +Cyana linatula +( +Swinhoe, 1891 +) + +:135 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khandalla +, +Matheran +[ +India +, +Maharashtra +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Rajasthan +, +Meghalaya +, +Maharashtra +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Karnataka +, +Kerala +( + +Singh +et al. +2014 + +, + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E019DAC397FF79.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E019DAC397FF79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c5e3e8fa79e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E019DAC397FF79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +313. + +Cyana intercomma +Černý, 2009:51 + + + + + + +Type +locality: SW +Thailand +, Ranong-prov., +Ranong +, + +380 m + +, +10°01’32’’N +, +98°40’13’’E + +” + + + + +Distribution: North West +India +(Jammu & Kashmir) ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01A0EC399FC26.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01A0EC399FC26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f9d372db02 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01A0EC399FC26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +317. + +Cyana neopuer +N. +Singh, Bhattacharyya & Volynkin, 2019:366 + + + + + + +Type +locality: NE +India +, W +Meghalaya +, +Umran +, + +33 km +N Shillong + +, +26°06’N +, +92°23’E +, + +800 m + + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01A9EC16CFBFE.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01A9EC16CFBFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..60712b55893 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01A9EC16CFBFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +318. + +Cyana obliquilineata +( +Hampson, 1900 +) + +:298 + + + + += + +Cyana baolini +Fang, 1992 + +: 261,265 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikkim +[Sikhim] + + + + + +Distribution: +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +( + +Singh +et al. +2014 + +), South +India +( +Karnataka +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01BFEC48DFC96.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01BFEC48DFC96.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e09ef7e06e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01BFEC48DFC96.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +316. + +Cyana moelleri +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + +: 395 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikkim + +……. +Cherra Pungi +in the Khasia Hills [ +Meghalaya +] + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Meghalaya +), +Sikkim +, North of +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01C12C33EFA41.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01C12C33EFA41.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..44e80f2b581 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01C12C33EFA41.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +320. + +Cyana perornata +( +Walker, 1854 +) + +: 548 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Silhet +[E +Bangladesh +or NE +India +, S +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01CA4C1FAF937.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01CA4C1FAF937.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..837f1ded575 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01CA4C1FAF937.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +321. + +Cyana puella puella +( +Drury, 1773 +) + +:3 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Madras +[Chennai], +India + + + + + +Distribution: +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Haryana +, +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +, +Madhya Pradesh +, +Chattisgarh +, +Maharashtra +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Kerala +( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +), Andaman & +Nicobar Islands +, Gujarat, Bihar ( + +Singh +et al. +2020b + +). + + + + +Remark: The subspecies + +C. puella postflavida +(Rothschild, 1924) + +is distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa and Arabian Peninsula ( +Karisch 2013 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01DE6C4F7FAB1.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01DE6C4F7FAB1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c569d139908 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01DE6C4F7FAB1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +319. + +Cyana peregrina +( +Walker, 1854 +) + +: 551 + + + + + + += +Chionaema peregrina + +form +arguta + +Draudt, 1914: 168 + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Ceylon + + +[ +Sri Lanka +] + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +and East +India +( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +), +Uttarakhand +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01FADC428F8E6.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01FADC428F8E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..668cae3b7a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5732A8E01FADC428F8E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +322. + +Cyana puer +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + +:392 + + + + +Type +locality: Darjeeling + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +, +Manipur +, +Meghalaya +, +Nagaland +), +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +( +Elwes 1890 +, +Hampson 1894 +, +Holloway 2001 +, +Kirti & Singh 2015 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2019a + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5733A8E01ED9C268FF55.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5733A8E01ED9C268FF55.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3fd1516cef6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFC5733A8E01ED9C268FF55.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +323. + +Cyana quadrinotata +( +Walker, 1869 +) + +:90 + + + + += + +Bizone pallens +Butler, 1877: 338 + + + + + + +Type +locality: Moulmein. Silhet. North +India + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +West Bengal +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Nagaland +, +Mizoram +, +Sikkim +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al. +2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E0184EC29CFEE6.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E0184EC29CFEE6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d534859fa5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E0184EC29CFEE6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +324. + +Cyana rudloffi +Volynkin & N. Singh, 2020:16 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +M. Andaman +, Karmatang, +1.5 km +E, +12,5072°N +, +92,5610°E + + + + + +Distribution: Andaman Islands ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E018DFC3D5FD9A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E018DFC3D5FD9A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..856367fa683 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E018DFC3D5FD9A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +325. + +Cyana selangorica paeninsulana +Černý, 2009:51 + + + + + + += + + +Cyana paeninsulana +Černý, 2009: 51 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: SW +Thailand +, +Chumphon +, +Pa Toh +, +Ban Lang Tang +, + +162 m + +, +9°46’5’’N +, +98°46’59’’E + +” + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +, +Assam +, +Mizoram +(Sing +et al +. 2020b). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01A52C422FC02.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01A52C422FC02.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dbf58594511 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01A52C422FC02.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +327. + +Cyana sikkimensis +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + +:395 + + + + + +Type +locality: Tonglo, at + +10,000 feet + +elevation [ +India +, +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Sikkim +and north of +West Bengal +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01AE2C375FB92.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01AE2C375FB92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5b971bd002 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01AE2C375FB92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +328. + +Cyana trilobata +Fang, 1992 + +:260,265 + + + + + +Type +locality: +China +, +Cona +, +Xizang +, + +2500 m + + +. + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +, +Sikkim +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01B0AC341FD71.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01B0AC341FD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc7ecc092da --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01B0AC341FD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +326. + +Cyana signa +( +Walker, 1854 +) + +:550 + + + + + += + + +Bizone fasciculata +Walker, 1856: 1684 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Silhet +[E +Bangladesh +or NE +India +, S +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +( +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +, +Manipur +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Manipur +) ( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01CCEC1B2F989.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01CCEC1B2F989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4aa878ef4b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01CCEC1B2F989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +330. + +Cyclomilta melanolepia +( +Dudgeon, 1899 +) + +: 85 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +( +Strand 1922 +), +Karnataka +(Ganeshgudi, Kulagi, Bhagamandala) (Kirti +et al +. 2010), +Assam +(Jatinga) ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01D72C41BFB21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01D72C41BFB21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..86980a55a81 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01D72C41BFB21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +329. + +Cyana watsoni +Hampson, 1897:296 + + + + + +Type +locality: Khasis + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +, +Meghalaya +) ( +Hampson 1897 +, +Hampson 1900 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01DBFC344FAD5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01DBFC344FAD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..04fa3c3269e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01DBFC344FAD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Cyclomilta +Hampson, 1900: 512 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Miltochrista melanolepia +Dudgeon, 1899 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01F17C2FBF93D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01F17C2FBF93D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a4d68d3d505 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01F17C2FBF93D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + + + +Genus + + +Cyclosiella +Hampson, 1900: 548 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Hemonia dulcicula +Swinhoe, 1890 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01FA6C572F8CD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01FA6C572F8CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a1cfa40bc7b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFD5733A8E01FA6C572F8CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +331. + +Cyclosiella dulcicula +( +Swinhoe, 1890 +) + +:183 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Rangoon +, Burma [ +Myanmar +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, South +India +, +West Bengal +(Kolkata) ( +Sevastopulo 1944a +), +Assam +( + +Joshi +et al. +2021 + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E0186AC5C4FE0A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E0186AC5C4FE0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..499e098293b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E0186AC5C4FE0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +294. + +Cyana bellissima +(Moore, 1878) + +: 27 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Masuri, N.W +. Himalaya [N +India +, +Uttarakhand +, +Mussoorie +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, +Meghalaya +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Nagaland +, +West Bengal +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E018FBC549FD99.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E018FBC549FD99.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..09b183eb805 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E018FBC549FD99.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +295. + +Cyana bhatejai +N. Singh & +Kirti, 2015: 63 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Karnataka +, +Ganeshgudi + + + + + +Distribution: South +India +( +Karnataka +, +Tamil Nadu +) ( +Kirti & Singh 2015 +), +Kerala +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E019DAC405FF7A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E019DAC405FF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8b3e9e3fff5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E019DAC405FF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +293. + +Cyana atlanteia +N. +Singh, Volynkin, Kirti & Datta, 2020: 33 + + + + + + +Type +locality: NE +India +, +Assam +, +Pan Bari Reserve Forest +, +27°08’N +, +94°00’E + + + + + +Distribution: South and North East +India +( +Tamil Nadu +, +Assam +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01A2AC1C5FC6D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01A2AC1C5FC6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bad71eeafd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01A2AC1C5FC6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +298. + +Cyana candida +(Felder, 1874) + +: 75 + + + + +Type +locality: Himalaya + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +(Jammu & Kashmir, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +) ( +Hampson 1900 +, +Kishida 1995 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01B0AC2D9FD2A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01B0AC2D9FD2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6addf431e6b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01B0AC2D9FD2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +296. + +Cyana bianca +( +Walker, 1856 +) + +:1684 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Hindostan +[ +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: +Meghalaya +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01B9AC557FCBA.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01B9AC557FCBA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6bde788e7b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01B9AC557FCBA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +297. + +Cyana britomartis +N. Singh & Volynkin, 2020: 41 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Dibang valley + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Arunachal Pradesh +) north of +West Bengal +, +Sikkim +( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01CCEC15EF989.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01CCEC15EF989.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a9e18e77991 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01CCEC15EF989.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +301. + +Cyana coccinea coccinea +(Moore, 1878) + +: 28 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Sikhim +[ +Sikkim +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Sikkim +and north of +West Bengal +) ( +Hampson 1900 +), +Assam +, +Uttarakhand +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01D56C25FFB21.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01D56C25FFB21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..99717824cea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01D56C25FFB21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +299. + +Cyana catorhoda +Hampson, 1897: 296 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Khasis +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +, Khasi Hills] + + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +( +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, +West Bengal +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Manipur +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01D82C0AFFAD6.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01D82C0AFFAD6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f98a45cc5eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01D82C0AFFAD6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +300. + +Cyana chrysopeleia +N. +Singh, Volynkin, Kirti & Datta, 2020: 34 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Assam +, +Jatinga + + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +( +Uttarakhand +, +Assam +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Mizoram +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01F7AC37AF91A.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01F7AC37AF91A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f4cb37bb88 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01F7AC37AF91A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +301a. + +Cyana coccinea flavotincta +( +Draudt, 1914 +) + +: 174 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Bhamo +[N +Myanmar +, +Kachin State +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01F8AC4CCF8CD.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01F8AC4CCF8CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..236e767480d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFE5730A8E01F8AC4CCF8CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +302. + +Cyana conclusa nicobara +N. +Singh, Volynkin, Kirti & Datta, 2020:57 + + + + + +Type +locality: Campbell Bay, Great Nicobar + + + + +Distribution: Andaman & Nicobar ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + +Remark: Nominotypic subspecies reported from +Thailand +, +Malaysia +, Borneo and Sumatra. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E0186AC10BFE2D.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E0186AC10BFE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..38e62984ac5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E0186AC10BFE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +304. + +Cyana divakara +( +Moore, 1865 +) + +:798 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Darjeeling +[ +West Bengal +, +India +] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +), +Sikkim +, North of +West Bengal +( +Hampson 1900 +), +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01897C1AEFDE2.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01897C1AEFDE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4179ced94b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01897C1AEFDE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +305. + +Cyana dohertyi dohertyi +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + +:394 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Mao +, on the +Manipur +side of the +Naga +Hills + + + + + +Distribution: Eastern Himalaya ( +Sikkim +, north of +West Bengal +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Nagaland +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Manipur +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01A52C47DFC02.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01A52C47DFC02.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d68cb9ea60 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01A52C47DFC02.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +306. + +Cyana dryope +Volynkin & N. Singh, 2020: 49 + + + + + + +Type +locality: [ +India +, +Himachal Pradesh +] +Kulu N. +- +India +, Rohtang Pass + +3500m + + +. + + + + +Distribution: West Himalaya, North +India +( +Himachal Pradesh +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01AE2C34FFBB5.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01AE2C34FFBB5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69ca2fe39da --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01AE2C34FFBB5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +307. + +Cyana dudgeoni +Hampson, 1895:293 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +India +, +Sikkim +[Sikhim] + + + + + +Distribution: +Sikkim +, North of +West Bengal +, North East +India +( +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Manipur +, +Nagaland +, +Mizoram +, +Arunachal Pradesh +) ( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01BC3C45DFD72.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01BC3C45DFD72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d4d672f70ba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01BC3C45DFD72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +305a. + +Cyana dohertyi eirene +Volynkin & N. Singh, 2020:38 + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Indien +, [ +Uttarakhand +] U. P., +Kumaon-Himalaya +, +Bhimtal +, + +1500 m + + + + + + +Distribution: North +India +( +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01C5AC341FA1E.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01C5AC341FA1E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b8f0479578 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01C5AC341FA1E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +309. + +Cyana gazella +( +Moore, 1872 +) + +:572 + + + + +Type +locality: Masuri, N.W. Himalaya + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +(Jammu & Kashmir, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, north of +West Bengal +, +Meghalaya +, +Assam +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01C86C4AAF9F6.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01C86C4AAF9F6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7b97e85eff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01C86C4AAF9F6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +310. + +Cyana gelida gelida +( +Walker, 1854 +) + +:529 + + + + + += + + +Lithosia alborosea +Walker, 1864: 230 + + + + + + + + +Type +locality: +Silhet +[E +Bangladesh +or NE +India +, S +Meghalaya +] + + + + + +Distribution: North and North East +India +( +Himachal Pradesh +, +Uttarakhand +, +Sikkim +, north of +West Bengal +, +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Nagaland +, +Arunachal Pradesh +) ( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +, + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01D2EC145FB69.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01D2EC145FB69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a6d38a79b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01D2EC145FB69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +308. + +Cyana flavicincta +( +Hampson, 1903 +) + +:345 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Assam +, +Khásis +[ +India +, +Meghalaya +, Khasi Hills] + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +, +Meghalaya +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +), +Nagaland +, +Arunachal Pradesh +( + +Sondhi +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01E7EC47BF816.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01E7EC47BF816.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c491f021052 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01E7EC47BF816.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +312. + +Cyana harterti +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + +:398 + + + + + +Type +locality: +Upper +Assam + + + + + +Distribution: North East +India +( +Assam +, +Meghalaya +, +Mizoram +) ( + +Singh +et al +. 2020b + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01FEEC407F885.xml b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01FEEC407F885.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5bc2cb1b416 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/04/87/160487FBFFFF5731A8E01FEEC407F885.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A catalogue of Indian Arctiinae (Erebidae, Lepidoptera) + + + +Author + +Singh, Navneet + + + +Author + +Joshi, Rahul + + + +Author + +Kirti, Jagbir Singh + + + +Author + +Bisht, Santosh Singh + + + +Author + +Param, Harsimranjeet Singh + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-10-27 + + +5058 + + +1 + + +1 +118 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5058.1.1 +1175-5326 +5602576 +7477B46C-8D54-450F-B9C1-03ED3130579D + + + + +311. + +Cyana guttifera +( +Walker, 1856 +) + +:1779 + + + + +Type +locality: Landoor, N. W. Himalaya + + + + +Distribution: South, North and North East +India +( +Hampson 1900 +, + +Singh +et al +. 2014 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/58/160558EB29DC5587AABB7DAD60BBD84D.xml b/data/16/05/58/160558EB29DC5587AABB7DAD60BBD84D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8cc414f10cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/58/160558EB29DC5587AABB7DAD60BBD84D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A checklist of Nigerian ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): a review, new records and exotic species + + + +Author + +Jimoh, Bunmi Omowumi +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Gomez, Kiko +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-157X +Independent Researcher, Barcelona, Spain + + + +Author + +Kemabonta, Kehinde Abike +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-9196 +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Wakanjuola, Winifred Ayinke +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Phiri, Ethel Emmarantia +Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa + + + +Author + +Mothapo, Palesa Natasha +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8724-4328 +Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa +mothapo@sun.ac.za + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-01-29 + + +12 + + +99555 +99555 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e99555 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e99555 +1314-2828-12-e99555 +767A4AD8287A5FE99D4806177D4BACF0 + + + + +** Cardiocondyla sekhemka Bolton, 1982 + + + +Notes +New record for Nigeria +New Records: 2 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/66/16056657E073FFAC1ED53ABCFD70BF86.xml b/data/16/05/66/16056657E073FFAC1ED53ABCFD70BF86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..942845a50ae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/66/16056657E073FFAC1ED53ABCFD70BF86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1130 @@ + + + +A new Cyrtodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Phu Yen Province, southern Vietnam + + + +Author + +Ziegler, Thomas + + + +Author + +Phung, Trung My + + + +Author + +Le, Minh Duc + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Truong Quang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3686 + + +4 + + +432 +446 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3686.4.2 +22a92580-3550-4bbe-a701-5bcebecba534 +1175-5326 +219546 +E76D2B14-ED20-4D69-9624-63866C0C640F + + + + + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +IEBR +A.2013.1, adult male, collected on +25 September 2011 +by T. M. Phung in coastal shrub vegetation intermixed with granite boulders in Dai Lanh Cape ( +12o55’N +, +109o24’E +), Tuy Hoa District, Phu Yen Province, southern +Vietnam +at an elevation between +50–100 m +a.s.l. ( +Figs. 2–4 +). + + + +Paratypes +. + +ZFMK +94042, adult male, +IEBR +A.2013.2 and +ZFMK +94043, adult females, the same collection data as for the +holotype +( +Fig. 5 +), and +IEBR +A.2013.3, adult male, collected on +20 January 2013 +by T. M. Phung at the same locality. + + + + +Diagnosis. +A medium-sized + +Cyrtodactylus + +with a maximum SVL of +94 mm +, distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: 1) dorsal pattern consisting of a dark nuchal loop, continuous or partly interrupted neck band and four in part irregular transverse body bands between limbs; 2) internasal single; 3) dorsal tubercles in 17–23 irregular transverse rows; 4) ventrals in 39–46 longitudinal rows at midbody; 5) lateral skin folds present, without interspersed tubercles; 6) precloacal pores 7–9 plus in total 3–7 femoral pores in males (1-4 femoral pores on each side), precloacal and femoral pore series separated from each other by 7–9 poreless scales; 7) enlarged femoral scales and precloacal scales present; 8) postcloacal spurs three; and 9) subcaudal scales transversely enlarged. + + + + + +Description of +holotype +. + +Size medium (SVL +83 mm +, TaL +106 mm +, tail tip regenerated), distance from posterior corner of eye to anterior margin of ear including ciliaria 6.5 mm, maximum horizontal ear diameter 1.1 mm; for further measurements see +Table 3 +. + + + +TABLE 3. +Selected measurements and morphological characters of the types series of + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +; m = male, f = female, measurements in mm, * = regenerated or broken tail, m = mean, min. = minimum, max. = maximum, s = standard deviation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SexIEBR A.2013.1 (holotype) mZFMK 94042 IEBR (paratype) A.2013.3 (paratype) m mIEBR A.2013.2 (paratype) fZFMK 94043 min.-max. (paratype) (m ± s) f
SVL TaL83 106*88 83.4 45* 104.2*92 11794 max. 94 117 max. 117
HH HL HW OD9.3 24.2 15.1 5.710.4 11.3 24.7 25.2 16.3 18.0 6.4 6.810.0 25.6 16.2 6.39.9 max. 11.3 26.7 max. 26.7 17.2 max. 18.0 6.0 max. 6.8
SE SL10.9 13/1411.4 10.6 14/13 11/1211.0 13/1311.7 max. 11.7 11/12 11–14 (12.6±1.07)
IL N11/10 4/49/10 9/11 4/4 4/410/10 4/49/9 9–11 (9.8±0.79) 4/4 4
IN11 111 1
PM22 222 2
DTR GST V SLB19 10 or 11 46 16519 17 10 9 46 39 174 17723 9 or 10 43 17723 17–23 (20.2±2.68) 9 or 10 9–11 (9.75±0.71) 43 39–46 (43.4±2.88) 173 165–177(173.2±4.92)
EFS FP11/12 ½11/12 10/9 4/3 3/312/12 012/12 9–12 0 0–4
PP87 984 4–9
PAT3/33/3 3/33/33/3 3
LD4 LT419/19 21/2120/19 19/20 21/23 21/2221/20 25/2421/20 19–21 (19.8±0.79) 23/21 21–25 (22.2±1.48)
+ + + +FIGURE 2. +Adult male holotype of + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +(IEBR A.2013.1) in preserved state. Photos T. Ziegler + + + +Rostral wider than high (RW 3.6 mm, RH 2.1 mm, RW/RH 1.7) with an inverse Y-shaped median suture; supralabials 13/14; infralabials 11/10; nares bordered by rostral anteriorly, first supralabial laterally and four nasals posteriorly; supranasals separated from each other by two nasorostrals and a pentagonal internasal; medial snout scales slightly granular, those in contact with and nearby supralabials, flattened and larger than medial scales; upper anterior ciliaries three times larger than posterior ciliaries; head scales granular, smaller than median snout scales; back of head and temporal region with elongated to rounded, somewhat conical tubercles, 3–6 times larger than surrounding scales; mental triangular, slightly wider than rostral; one pair of enlarged postmentals, longer than wide, in broad contact posteriorly; postmentals bordering mental anteriorly, first two labials, one pair of distinctly enlarged gular scales, which are separated from each other by three small gular scales; dorsal scales somewhat granular to flattened, as large as medial snout scales; dorsal tubercles round, conical, surrounded by 10–11 granular scales, tubercles forming approximately 19 irregular longitudinal rows at midbody; ventral scales smooth, medial scales 2–3 times larger than dorsal granules, 46 longitudinal rows at midbody; lateral folds present, but not well developed, without interspersed tubercles; upper and lower arm with few slightly developed tubercles; dorsal hind limb covered by distinctly developed, flat to conical tubercles; series of distinctly enlarged femoral scales; femoral pore-bearing scales 11/12, distinctly enlarged, separated from precloacal, pore-bearing scales by 9 poreless femoral scales; femoral pores 1/2, precloacal pores 8, in an angular series; fingers and toes lacking distinct webbing; lamellae under first finger 16/16, under fourth finger 19/19, under first toe 15/16, and under fourth toe 21/21; claws surrounded by a small scale on upper and a large scale on lower sides; precloacal region covered by a patch of approximately 20 enlarged scales below precloacal, pore-bearing scales; precloacal groove absent; postcloacal tubercles 3/3, enlarged, on lateral surface of slight hemipenial swelling; dorsum of tail bearing distinct tubercles at base only, last +18 mm +regenerated; subcaudals distinctly transversely enlarged, flat, smooth. + + + +FIGURE 3. +Head of the preserved holotype of + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +(IEBR A.2013.1). Photos T. Ziegler + + + +Coloration in ethanol. +Ground colour light brownish-grey, with dark brownish-black dorsal pattern; dorsal surface of head with irregular dark markings, largest at occiput; a light canthal stripe extending from nostril to upper margin of eye, below and above framed by dark; a dark postocular streak, continuing to contact a somewhat irregularly shaped broad nuchal loop, with darker borders; postocular streak and nuchal loop bordered by thin light line; neck with a dark transverse band, also with dark borders, broadest in the centre; four more distinct dark transverse bands between limbs; dark transverse body bands somewhat irregularly shaped, with dark borders, and lighter vertebral region; interspaces between dark dorsal bands with irregular dark reticulation or blotches; dark tubercles in the nuchal loop and body bands, whereas light tubercles comprise the interspaces; lower flanks dark with small light blotches; upper surfaces of limbs with dark bands and reticulations; dorsal surface of tail with approximately ten broad, dark transverse bands; light interspaces brownish-grey at tail base, more greyish-white towards the regenerated tail tip; sides of dark transverse tail bands with small light blotches; gular region yellowish-cream with indistinct grey marbling; venter cream with light grey belly; tail surface light to dark grey towards the tip. + + + +Variation of +paratypes +. + +For the variation in scalation see +Table 3 +, and for colour pattern variation see +Fig. 5 +. In the male +paratypes +, the precloacal pore-bearing scales are separated by 7-9 poreless scales from the femoral pore bearing scales. The neck band is somewhat medially interrupted in the male +paratype +IEBR A.2013.3, and the dark transverse body bands are slightly interrupted medially in the female +paratype +ZFMK 94043. With respect to sexual dimorphism, the female +paratypes +are larger, lack hemipenial swellings at the tail base, and the femoral pores are absent. + + + +FIGURE 4. +Cloacal region of the preserved holotype of + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +(IEBR A.2013.1). Photo T. Ziegler + + + +Comparisons. +Comparisons are based on the original descriptions or descriptions provided in broader faunal and taxonomic publications (e.g., Grismer +et al. +2008; +Rösler & Glaw 2008 +; + +Bauer +et al. +2009 + +; +2010 +; +Ngo & Grismer 2010 +; +Ngo & Pauwels 2010 +; Sumontha +et al. +2010; + +Ziegler +et al. +2010 + +; + +David +et al. +2011 + +; + +Iskandar +et al. +2011 + +; + +Luu +et al. +2011 + +; Ngo 2011; +Ngo & Chan 2011 +; Schneider +et al. +2011; + +Nazarov +et al. +2012 + +; +Ngo & Grismer 2012 +). + + +The most important morphological distinguishing characters between + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +and its Vietnamese congeners are summarized in Table 4. Furthermore, + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has three postcloacal tubercles in males and thus differs from + +C. bichnganae + +, which has only two postcloacal tubercles in males; + +C. bichnganae + +also has 28 femoral and precloacal pores separated by a short diastema on each side. From the similar + +C. caovansungi + +, + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +differs by having 9–12 (vs. 8) enlarged femoral scales on each side, by 17–23 (vs. 16–18) dorsal midbody tubercle rows, and by 5 (4 + 1) versus 4 dark transverse dorsal bands (except for nuchal loop). Furthermore, + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +lacks tubercles on the lateral skin fold and on the dorsal tail surface and thus differs from + +C. condorensis + +; in addition, the latter species only has precloacal pores (4–7) and a blotched dorsal pattern. + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has precloacal scales in males which are lacking in + +C. cucphuongensis + +. + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has 3–7 femoral pores in total in males and thus differs from + +C. huongsonensis + +(17). + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has precloacal pores separated from femoral pores in males, which are a contiguous series in + +C. phongnhakebangensis + +and + +C. roesleri + +. + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +differs from + +C. yangbayensis + +by having precloacal pores also in females, by the presence of a distinct broad dark nuchal loop which is broken or V-shaped in + +C. yangbayensis + +, and by distinct broad versus more numerous irregular rows of narrow dark transverse dorsal body bands; furthermore, males of + +C. yangbayensis + +usually lack femoral pores (of four males, only one individual had 2 femoral pores) versus 1–4 femoral pores present on each side in + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + + + +With respect to the remaining + +Cyrtodactylus + +(except for zoogeographically distant species from the Papua- Australian region, the +Solomon Islands +, +India +, +Sri Lanka +, the +Nicobar islands +and +Nepal +), + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has transversely enlarged subcaudals and thus differs from the following species which lack enlarged subcaudals: + +C. aequalis +Bauer + +, + +C. agusanensis +(Taylor) + +, + +C. annulatus +(Taylor) + +, + +C. batucolus +Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood & Belabut + +, + +C. brevidactylus +Bauer + +, + +C. buchardi +David, Teynié & Ohler + +, + +C. cavernicolus +Inger & King + +, + +C. fumosus +(Müller) + +, + +C. gansi +Bauer + +, + +C. halmahericus +Mertens + +, + +C. jambangan +Welton, Siler, Diesmos & Brown + +, + +C. jellesmae +(Boulenger) + +, + +C. lateralis +(Werner) + +, + +C. majulah +Grismer, Wood & Lim + +, + +C. malayanus +( +De +Rooij) + +, + +C. mandalayensis +Mahony + +, + +C. marmoratus +Gray + +, + +C. matsuii +Hikida + +, + +C. nuaulu +Oliver, Edgar, Mumpuni, Iskandar & Lilley + +, + +C. pantiensis +Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood & Belabut + +, + +C. payacola +Johnson, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Wood, Grismer, Greer, Onn, Ahmad, Bauer & Grismer + +, + +C. philippinicus +(Steindachner) + +, + +C. pubisulcus +Inger + +, + +C. quadrivirgatus +Taylor + +, + +C. semenanjungensis +Grismer & Leong + +, + +C. seribuatensis +Youmans & Grismer + +, + +C. stresemanni +Rösler & Glaw + +, + +C. sworderi +(Smith) + +, + +C. tautbatorum +Welton, Siler, Diesmos & Brown + +, + +C. tiomanensis +Das & Lim + +, + +C. wakeorum +Bauer + +, + +C. wetariensis +(Dunn) + +, + +C. yoshii +Hikida + +, and + +C. zhaoermii +Shi & Zhao. + + + + +FIGURE 5. +a–c: Adult male paratype (ZFMK 94042), d: uncollected adult female 2.9.2011, and e–f: adult female paratype (IEBR A.2013.2) of + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +in life. Photos T. M. Phung. + + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has femoral pores in males and thus differs from the following species which lack femoral pores: + +C. angularis +(Smith) + +, + +C. aurensis +Grismer + +, + +C. ayeyarwadyensis +Bauer + +, + +C. batik +Iskandar, Rachmansah & Umilaela + +, + +C. chanhomeae +Bauer, Sumontha & Pauwels + +, + +C. chrysopylos +Bauer + +, + +C. consobrinoides +(Annandale) + +, + +C. deveti +(Brongersma) + +, + +C. elok +Dring + +, + +C. feae +(Boulenger) + +, + +C. ingeri +Hikida + +, + +C. jarujini +Ulber + +, + +C. khasiensis +(Jerdon) + +, + +C. oldhami +(Theobald) + +, + +C. pageli +Schneider, Nguyen, Schmitz, Kingsada, Auer & Ziegler + +, + +C. papilionoides +Ulber & Grossmann + +, + +C. peguensis +(Boulenger) + +, + +C. rubidus +(Blyth) + +, + +C. sanook +Pauwels, Sumontha, Latinne & Grismer + +, + +C. sumonthai +Bauer, Pauwels & Chanhome + +, and + +C. variegatus +(Blyth) + +. + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has 7-9 precloacal pores plus in total 3–7 femoral pores in males, which are separated by poreless scales and thus differs from the following species which have a contiguous series of precloacal-femoral pores: + +C. astrum +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels + +, + +C. australotitiwangsaensis +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels + +, + +C. bintangrendah +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels + +, + +C. bintangtinggi +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels + +, + +C. langkawiensis +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels + +, + +C. lekaguli +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels + +, + +C. lomyenensis +Ngo & Pauwels + +(32–40), + +C. phuketensis +Sumontha, Pauwels, Kunya, Nitikul, Samphantamit & Grismer + +(33-36), + +C. surin +Chan-Ard & Makchai + +(34), + +C. tamaiensis +Mahony + +(40), and + +C. trilatofasciatus +Grismer, Wood, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels. + + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has 7–9 precloacal pores in males and 4–8 precloacal pores in females and thus differs from the following species which have distinctly higher precloacal pore counts: + +C. annandalei +Bauer + +(11–12), + +C. baluensis +(Mocquard) + +(9–11), + +C. durio +Grismer, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Onn, Grismer & Ahmad + +(12), + +C. interdigitalis +Ulber + +(14), + +C. russelli +Bauer + +(15), + +C. spinosus +Linkem, McGuire, Hayden, Setiadi, Bickford & Brown + +(12–13), and + +C. teyniei +David, Nguyen, Schneider & Ziegler + +( +14 in +the single known specimen, an adult female). + + +The following + +Cyrtodactylus + +species differ from + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +by the absence of precloacal and femoral pores in both sexes: + +C. darmandvillei +(Weber, 1890) + +, + +C. gordongekkoi +(Das) + +(see +Biswas 2007 +), + +C. jarakensis +Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood & Belabut + +, + +C. laevigatus +(Darevsky) + +, + +C. thirakhupti +Pauwels, Bauer, Sumontha & Chanhome + +, and + +C. wallacei +Hayden, Brown, Gillespie, Setiadi, Linkem, Iskandar, Umilaela, Bickford, Riyanto, Mumpuni & McGuire. + + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has 39–46 ventral scales at midbody and thus differs from + +C. agamensis +(Bleeker) + +(67), + +C. consobrinus +(Peters) + +(65–70), + +C. erythrops +Bauer, Kunya, Sumontha, Niyomwan, Panitvong, Pauwels, Chanhome & Kunya + +(28), + +C. gubaot +Welton, Siler, Linkem, Diesmos & Brown + +(54–67), + +C. leegrismeri +Chan & Norhayati + +(27–35), + +C. macrotuberculatus +Grismer & Norhayati + +(19–22), + +C. mamanwa +Welton, Siler, Linkem, Diesmos & Brown + +(57–70), + +C. pulchellus +Gray + +(33–35), + +C. slowinskii +Bauer + +(27–32), +C. +s +umuroi +Welton, Siler, Linkem, Diesmos & Brown (53–58), + +C. tigroides +Bauer, Sumontha & Pauwels + +(34), and + +C. wayakonei +Nguyen, Kingsada, Rösler, Auer & Ziegler + +(31–35). + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has lateral skin folds without interspersed tubercles and thus differs from + +C. brevipalmatus +(Smith) + +, and + +C. mimikanus +(Boulenger) + +. + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +has 17–23 dorsal tubercle rows and thus differs from + +C. redimiculus +King + +(14–16), which also lacks a ventro-lateral fold. + + + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +differs from + +C. auribalteatus +Sumontha, Panitvong & Deein + +by different dorsal pattern (dorsal pattern consisting of only three dark bands between limb insertions), from + +C. dumnuii +Bauer, Kunya, Sumontha, Niyomwan, Pauwels, Chanhome & Kunya + +in having internasal. + + + + +Distribution. + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + + +sp. nov. + +is currently known only from the +type +locality in +Vietnam +( +Fig. 6 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The new species is named in memory of our cooperation partner and friend Phouthone Kingsada from the National University of +Laos +, Vientiane, with whom we have conducted several field excursions in the forests of +Laos +and who unfortunately died too young in +December 2012 +. + + +Ecological notes. +The +type +series was found at night in coastal shrub vegetation intermixed with granite boulders at elevations between +50–100 m +a.s.l. ( +Fig. 7 +). The predominant vegetation consists of small prickly shrubs representing species of the families +Ebenaceae +, +Dipterocarpaceae +, +Annonaceae +, and +Fabaceae +. Further specimens were sighted but not collected. + +Cyrtodactylus kingsadai + +co-occurs with + +Gekko truongi + +(voucher specimen from Dai Lanh: ZFMK 94044), which recently was described by +Phung & Ziegler (2011) +from Cuc Dong Cape, Ninh Hoa District, Khanh Hoa Province. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBEFF7BF8EEFCD02D65.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBEFF7BF8EEFCD02D65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ef990327688 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBEFF7BF8EEFCD02D65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus taiwanus +Ono, 1977 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus taiwanus +Ono, 1977: 75 + + +, figs 33–34, +♀ +; Han and Zhu 2008: 461, figs 6–11, +♂ +; + +Tang and Li 2009b: 66 + +, figs 13C–D, 14A–C, +♀ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +2 ♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Teak +plantation ( +N21º54.770' +, +E101º16.084' +, + +559 m + +), + +12 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang- Yao_No.3) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Guangxi +, +Hainan +, +Taiwan +, Yunnan). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BF9DCFDBF2B6B.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BF9DCFDBF2B6B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8ea3f800e23 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BF9DCFDBF2B6B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus spicatus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus spicatus +Tang and Li, 2009b: 62 + + +, figs 12A–C, 13A–B, +♀ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +1 ♀ +, see +Tang and Li, 2009b: 62 +. +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFB5DFD702986.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFB5DFD702986.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cbc497b65cb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFB5DFD702986.xml @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus songi +Han and Zhu, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus songi +Han and Zhu, 2009: 460 + + +, figs 1–5, +♂ +; + +Tang and Li 2009b: 62 + +, figs 9A–D, 10A–C, 11A–D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.714' +, +E101º16.935' +, + +660 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.11); +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, Limestone tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609' +, +E101º17.090' +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.13) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Guangxi +, +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFCBAFD1E28F8.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFCBAFD1E28F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b4800ab05b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFCBAFD1E28F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,187 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus menglae +Song and Zhao, 1994 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus menglae +Song and Zhao, 1994: 113 + + +, figs 1A-C, +♀ +; + +Tang and Li 2009b: 59 + +, figs 6A–D, 7A–D, 8A–D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Secondary forest +( +N21º54.459' +, +E101º16.750' +, + +640 m + +), + +20 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +15) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +21) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFE5FFDBF2EA7.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFE5FFDBF2EA7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ddaa04e2a23 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212002FFBFFF7BFE5FFDBF2EA7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus hastatus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus hastatus +Tang and Li 2009b: 54 + + +, figs 4A–D, 5A–B, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. +1 ♂ +, see +Tang and Li 2009b: 54 +; + +1 ♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Rubber-Tea Plantation +( +N21º55.551' +, +E101º16.923' +, + +561m + +), + +16–31 May 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +( +Pitfall +traps-J-CIII-1-20) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212003FFBEFF7BFD47FADB2830.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212003FFBEFF7BFD47FADB2830.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f2094b73f13 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212003FFBEFF7BFD47FADB2830.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Zametopina calceata +Simon, 1909 + + + + + + + + + + +Zametopina calceata +Simon, 1909: 123 + + +, +♂ +; Tang +et al +. 2010, 65–70, figs 1–18, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +3 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +see +Tang +et al. +(2010: 66) + +. + +1 ♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +July 1983 + +, no other records + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +), +Vietnam +. + + + + +Remarks. +The genus + +Zametopina +Simon, 1909 + +was erected for a male thomisid, + +Z. calceata +Simon, 1909 + +from +Vietnam +. Both sexes of this species were recorded from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan about 100 years later (Tang +et al. +2010). This species might turn out to belong to + +Talaini +Simon, 1895 + +because the epigynum shows a posteriorly situated hood, the prosoma is tent-shaped, and other somatic characters are all similar to + +Talaus +Simon, 1886 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212003FFBEFF7BFEE7FDBF2E4C.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212003FFBEFF7BFEE7FDBF2E4C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6dc2bac4fb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212003FFBEFF7BFEE7FDBF2E4C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus undatus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus undatus +Tang and Li 2009b: 66 + + +, figs 13E–F, 15A–C, +♀ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +5 ♀ +, see +Tang and Li, 2009b: 66 +. +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212005FFBFFF7BFF10FDD72DFE.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212005FFBFFF7BFF10FDD72DFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4bcb914c264 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212005FFBFFF7BFF10FDD72DFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + +Tmarus gladiatus + +sp. +nov. + + + + + + + +Figs 74–75 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.04). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +gladiatus + +(sword-shaped), referring to the shape of the long RTA, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is similar to + +T. byssinus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + +, but can be separated from the latter by: 1) ITA sharp (stout in + +T. byssinus + +); 2) RTA long, sharp distally (short in + +T. byssinus + +); 3) embolus equals 2 time the length of that of + +T. byssinus + +. This new species can also be distinguished from + +T. taiwanus +Ono, 1977 + +by absence of tegular apophysis. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.40. Prosoma 1.45 long, 1.55 wide; opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.00 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish brown with grayish black marking. Eye tubercles grayish black. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.13; PME 0.08; PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.13; AME–ALE 0.16; PME– PME 0.21; PME–PLE 0.28. MOA length 0.30 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.36. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellow; the distal of tibia, metatarsi and tarsi II dark brown; legs with spines; tibia and metatarsus II with 3, 4 pairs of ventral spines, respectively. Leg measurements: I: lost; II: 8.80 (2.60, 3.10, 2.10, 1.00); III: 3.95 (1.20, 1.60, 0.65, 0.50); IV: 3.90 (1.30, 1.40, 0.70, 0.50), leg formula: 234. Opisthosoma dorsally yellowish brown with reddish brown spots, venter yellow. + + + +FIGURE 75. + +Tmarus gladiatus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral). Scale bar: A–B = 0.1 mm. + + + +Palp +( +Figs 74 B–D +, +75 A–B +). VTA short digitiform, ITA short, sharp, RTA long, distally sharp; embolus slen- der. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + +Remarks. +This new species can be distinguished from other species by the shapes of tibial apophyses. The markings of this species are different from females of + +T. spicatus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + +and + +T. undatus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + +, thus we treat it as a new species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BF9C6FDBF2BDD.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BF9C6FDBF2BDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c2a42a46e8f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BF9C6FDBF2BDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,177 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Tmarus byssinus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Tmarus byssinus +Tang and Li 2009b: 49 + + +, figs 1A–D, 2A–C, 3A–D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.984' +, +E101º16.982' +, + +656 m + +), + +16–31 July 2007 + +, +G. Zheng + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.890' +, + +640 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +7) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +9) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFBF1FB2E29CD.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFBF1FB2E29CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1bf9e58a75e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFBF1FB2E29CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Thomisus labefactus +Karsch, 1881 + + + + + + + + + + +Thomisus labefactus +Karsch, 1881: 38 + + +, +♀ +; + +Ono 1988: 196 + +, figs 200 +− +208, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +1 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.809' +, +E101º12.173' +, + +888 m + +), + +4 August 2007 + +(Fogging-CBIII, Zheng_sp903); +1 ♂ +, Secondary tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.784' +, +E101º11.947' +, + +895 m + +), + +6 August 2007 + +(Fogging-CBI, Zheng_sp1237) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Shandong +, +Taiwan +, Yunnan to Xinjiang), +Korea +, +Japan +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFC9FFDCE285C.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFC9FFDCE285C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e8b5346de9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFC9FFDCE285C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Thomisus eminulus +Tang and Li, 2010 + + + + + + + + + + +Thomisus eminulus +Tang and Li 2010: 62 + + +, figs 50A +− +D, 51A +− +B, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +: +6 ♂ +, tropical forest, + +August 2007 + +(Fogging, Zheng_sp903–sp1237), leg. +G. Zheng. +6 ♂ +, tropical forest, + +November–December 2009 + +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.4–No.42) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFEC4FD702E04.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFEC4FD702E04.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5dc22ecc340 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212007FFBAFF7BFEC4FD702E04.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Talaus xiphosus +Zhu and Ono, 2007 + + + + + + + + + + +Talaus xiphosus +Zhu and Ono 2007: 81 + + +, figs 1 +− +5, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, + +Menglun Nature Reserve +, G + +. Tang and +Z.Y. Yao. +2 ♀ +, +Tropical +evergreen rainforest ( +N21º55.139' +, +E101º16.295' +, + +523 m + +), + +30 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.35). +7 ♂ +, +12 ♀ +, G213 roadside, Bamboo plantation ( +N21º53.646' +, +E101º16.975' +, + +589 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.26) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Guangxi +, +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212023FF92FF7BF8A0FDBE2EB5.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212023FF92FF7BF8A0FDBE2EB5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2d0aaf9c688 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212023FF92FF7BF8A0FDBE2EB5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,478 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Spilosynema comminum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 52–54 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Angeissus + + +acuminate +plantation + +, leg +G. Zheng +( +N21º53.993' +, +E101º16.810' +, + +611 m + +), + +19 August 2007 + +(Fogging +RZIV +, Zheng_sp636). + + + + +FIGURE 52. + +Spilosynema comminum + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +,, leg +G. Zheng + +: + +3 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.809' +E101º12.173' +, + +888 m + +), + +4 August 2007 + +( +Fogging +CBIII +, +Zheng +_sp904) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Primary +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º57.445' +, +E101º12.997' +, + +744 m + +), + +30 July 2007 + +( +Fogging +CBIV +, +Zheng +_sp1291) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º54.813' +, +E101º12.634 +, 876' m), + +5 August 2007 + +( +Fogging +GBIV +, +Zheng +_sp718); leg +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao + +: + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.890' +, + +640 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +7) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.600' +, +E101º17.084' +, + +640 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +12) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609´ +, +E101º17.090´ +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +13) + +. + +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +615 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +32) + +; + +5 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +610 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +33) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.880' +, + +642 m + +), + +4 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +42) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word +comminus +(near, hand to hand), referring to the proximity of ITA to RTA, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This species can be easily distinguished from other members of this genus by: ITA being very close to RTA, the copulatory ducts ox-horn-shaped anteriorly. + + + + +FIGURE 53. + +Spilosynema comminum + + +sp. nov. + +, paratypes from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B, D +Epigynum +, ventral; C, E Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–E = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 54. + +Spilosynema comminum + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype and paratype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral); C +Epigynum +, ventral; D Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.70. Prosoma 1.65 long, 1.54 wide; opisthosoma 1.95 long, 1.50 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma light yellow with a pair of grayish black paramedian stripes. Eye measurements: AME 0.05, ALE 0.10, PME 0.04, PLE 0.06, AME +− +AME 0.17, AME +− +ALE 0.19, PME +− +PME 0.19, PME +− +PLE 0.28. MOA 0.32 long, front width 0.26, back width 0.28. Chelicerae and labium gray, gnathocoxae and sternum yellow. Legs yellow with many spines. Leg measurements: I: 8.40 (2.30, 2.90, 2.00, 1.20); II: 7.90 (2.30, 2.80, 1.80, 1.00); III: 4.00 (1.30, 1.50, 0.70, 0.50); IV: 4.40 (1.50, 1.50, 0.80, 0.60), leg formula 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally gray with small white spots, caudally with grayish black markings. Venter light gray. + + +Palp +( +Figs 52 B–D +, +54 A–B +). VTA digitiform; both ITA and RTA sharp distally and close to each other.; tutacular apophysis hook-shaped, curved distally; embolus filiform. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 5.00. Prosoma 2.00 long, 1.85 wide; opisthosoma 3.00 long, 2.90 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma brown with a pair of grayish black paramedian stripes; sides grayish black. Eye measurements: AME 0.09, ALE 0.20, PME 0.07, PLE 0.12, AME +− +AME 0.18, AME +− +ALE 0.20, PME +− +PME 0.24, PME +− +PLE 0.40. MOA 0.46 long, front width 0.36, back width 0.38. Chelicerae grayish black; gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs I, II brown with grayish black annuli, legs III, IV yellow. Leg measurements: I: 8.80 (2.60, 3.30, 2.00, 0.90); II: 9.00 (2.60, 3.40, 2.00, 1.00); III: 4.50 (1.40, 1.70, 0.80, 0.60); IV: 5.00 (1.60, 1.70, 1.00, 0.70), leg formula 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally light yellow with gray markings and small white spots. Venter gray with longitudinal small grayish white spots. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 53 B–E +, +54 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a central atrium, copulatory ducts ox-horn-shaped anteriorly copulatory ducts curved in arc-shaped; spermathecae convoluted. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +3.30–4.00 (n=10); +♀ +3.30–5.00 (n=7). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212024FF9FFF7BFF1FFDBF2AE5.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212024FF9FFF7BFF1FFDBF2AE5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a2c0a290e10 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212024FF9FFF7BFF1FFDBF2AE5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,836 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Spilosynema ansatum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 49–51 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718´ +, +E101º16.940´ +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + +, leg. +G. Zheng. + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Rubber +plantation ( +N21º54.646' +, +E101º16.257' +, + +572 m + +), + +16 July 2007 + + +; + +5 ♂ +, + +Angeissus + + +acuminata +plantation + +( +N21º53.993' +, +E101º16.810' +, + +611 m + +), + +19 August 2007 + + +; +3 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, +608 m +), +18 August 2007 +; + +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +8) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +9) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.714' +, +E101º16.935' +, + +660 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +11) + +; + +3 ♂ +, +6 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609´ +, +E101º17.090´ +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +13) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Bamboo +plantations near G213 roadside ( +N21º54.380' +, E101one of the paratypesº16.815', + +620 m + +), + +21 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +17) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.386' +, +E101º16.803' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +18) + +; + +3 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +20) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380´ +, +E101º16.815´ +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +21) + +; + +4 ♂ +, +5 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +High +plantation forest ( +N21º54.213' +, +E101º16.927' +, + +590 m + +), + +24 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +22) + +; + +3 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, same data as +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +22 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +23) + +; + +5 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +, G213 +Roadside +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º53.819' +, +E101º17.075' +, + +609 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +28) + +; + +4 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, + +594 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +29) + +; + +3 ♂ +, +5 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +615 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +32) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +610 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +33) + +; + +8 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +, G213 +Roadside +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +( +N21º55.177' +, +E101º16.374' +, alt. + +581 m + +), + +30 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +34) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Tropical +evergreen rainforest ( +N21º55.139' +, +E101º16.295' +, + +523 m + +), + +30 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +35) + +; + +6 ♂ +, +6 ♀ +, +Valley +tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º56.206' +, +E101º16.204' +, + +558 m + +), + +1 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +36) + +; + +3 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, G213 +Roadside +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +( +N21º53.992' +, +E101º16.948' +, alt. + +596 m + +), + +2 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +38) + +; +3 ♂ +, G213 roadside, + +Anogeissus acuminate +plantation + +( +N21º53.992' +, +E101º16.948' +, +590 m +), +2 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +39) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin adjective + +ansatum + +(provided with handles), referring to the shape of the tutacular apophysis. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the shape of tutacular apophysis and the epigynum with a pair of glasses-shaped copulatory openings. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.80. Prosoma 1.80 long, 1.80 wide; opisthosoma 2.10 long, 1.70 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellow, with a pair of gray paramedian stripes, sides gray. Eye measurements: AME 0.07, ALE 0.13, PME 0.06, PLE 0.11, AME +− +AME 0.17, AME +− +ALE 0.19, PME +− +PME 0.22, PME +− +PLE 0.30. MOA 0.36 long, front width 0.29, back width 0.33. Chelicerae grayish black, gnathocoxae and labium grayish yellow, sternum yellow. Legs yellow with many spines. Leg measurements: I: 7.30 (2.10, 2.50, 1.70, 1.00); II: 7.50 (2.10, 2.60, 1.80, 1.00); III: 3.90 (1.30, 1.30, 0.80, 0.50); IV: 4.10 (1.30, 1.30, 0.90, 0.60), leg formula 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally light yellow with grayish black longitudinal stripes and some yellowish white spots. The lateral with light grayish black lines and yellowish white spots. Venter yellow with large grayish black marking. + + +Palp +( +Figs 49 B–D +, +51 A–B +). Tutacular apophysis stipitiform; VTA digitiform. ITA denticle, RTA spatulate; bulb flat, embolus filiform. + + + +FIGURE 49. + +Spilosynema ansatum + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 50. + +Spilosynema ansatum + + +sp. nov. +, + +paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 3.90. Prosoma 1.80 long, 1.70 wide; opisthosoma 2.10 long, 2.00 wide. Body pigmentation lighter than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.09, ALE 0.16, PME 0.07, PLE 0.13, AME +− +AME 0.22, AME +− +ALE 0.21, PME +− +PME 0.26, PME +− +PLE 0.33. MOA 0.42 long, front width 0.38, back width 0.40. Legs darker than in male. Femora, patellae and tibiae of legs I, II with large, light grayish black annuli. Leg measurements: I: 7.00 (2.10, 2.50, 1.60, 0.80); II: 7.10 (2.10, 2.60, 1.60, 0.80); III: 3.80 (1.20, 1.50, 0.60, 0.50); IV: 4.00 (1.30, 1.50, 0.70, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 50 B–C +, +51 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a central sclerotized plate; copulatory openings visible, glasses-shaped; copulatory ducts thick and twisted. Spermathecae globular. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +3.00–3.80 (n=59); +♀ +3.10–4.00 (n=46). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212027FF9AFF7BFC04FCFE2B33.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212027FF9AFF7BFC04FCFE2B33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37e1b81798a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212027FF9AFF7BFC04FCFE2B33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Spilosynema + +gen. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +species. + + +Spilosynema ansatum + + +sp. nov. + + + + + +Etymology. +The generic name is a combination of Greek noun +spil +- (means spots or patterns) and + +Synema + +(latinized from Greek), referring to the similarity of this new genus to + +Synema +Simon, 1864 + +, and its characteristic cover of the dorsal opisthosoma with unique white spots; neuter in gender. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Species of this genus can be easily distinguished from other genera of +Thomisidae +by the characteristic markings on dorsal opisthosoma. This genus is easily confused with + +Synema + +and + +Lysiteles + +in general appearance. It can be separated from + +Synema +Simon, 1864 + +by: 1) flat opisthosoma (globular opisthosoma in + +Synema + +); 2) metatarsi and tibiae I, II with few hairs (dense hairs in + +Synema + +); 3) PER more recurved than in + +Synema + +; 4) opisthosoma dorsally with characteristic white spots (large yellowish white patterns and grayish brown markings in + +Synema + +). This new genus can be separated from + +Lysiteles +Simon, 1895 + +by: 1) opisthosoma with characteristic white spots (various style of markings in + +Lysiteles + +); 2) large body size: +♀ +3.10–5.00, +♂ +2.90–4.00 (small in + +Lysiteles + +: +♀ +2.00–4.20, +♂ +1.80–3.60); 3) the ratio of width of eye area / prosoma = 0.60 ( +0.80 in + +Lysiteles + +); 4) prosoma less swollen than in + +Lysiteles + +. + + + + +Description. +Small to median size. Prosoma flat, dorsally with a pair of grayish black stripes, sides grayish black, eye tubercles grayish white, PER strongly curved, ALE>PLE>AME>PME. Legs with long spines, leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally with characteristic white spots. Cymbium with tutaculum; palp with VTA, some species with ITA and RTA; bulb flat, embolus slender; epigynum usually with a median sclerotized plate; copulatory ducts long, twisted; spermathecae short, convoluted. + + +Species included. + +Spilosynema ansatum + + +sp. nov. + +; + +S. comminum + + +sp. nov. + +; + +S. mancum + + +sp. nov. + +and + +S. ravum + + +sp. nov. + + + +Habitat. +Specimens were collected by fogging from tropical forest of Xishuangbanna. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + +Remarks. +It is noteworthy that more adult than juvenile specimens of this genus were collected during November–December, 2009 from Xishuangbanna. The species + +Synaema nangoku +Ono, 2002 + +from +Japan +could be a member of this genus judging by the illustrations ( +Ono 2002 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212029FF8AFF7BFB17FDBD2A9F.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212029FF8AFF7BFB17FDBD2A9F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1e052b41a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212029FF8AFF7BFB17FDBD2A9F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Synema revolutum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 60–62 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.784' +, +E101º11.947' +, + +895 m + +), + +6 August 2007 + +, leg. +G Zheng. + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +1 ♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + +, leg. +G. Zheng. + + + + + +Etymology: +The specific name comes from the Latin word +revolutus +(turned over or rolled back), referring to the embolus twisted dorsally, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis: +This species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the unique shape of embolus. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 5.00. Prosoma 2.40 long, 2.50 wide; opisthosoma 2.70 long, 2.20 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma blackish green. Eye tubercle grayish white. Eye measurements: AME 0.11; ALE 0.17; PME 0.07; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.30; AME–ALE 0.22; PME–PME 0.40; PME–PLE 0.36. MOA length 0.46 with front width 0.50 and back width 0.56, Chelicerae, gnathocoxae and labium blackish brown, sternum green. Legs I, II black with many spines and densely hairs. Spination: Femur I prolateral 1-1-1, I–IV dorsal 1-1-1-1; patella I–IV dorsal 1(weak)-1; tibia I–II prolateral 1-1-1, dorsal 1-1, I ventral 2(long)-1-2-2-1-2, II ventral 2(long)-2-2, III–IV pro- and dorsal 1-1, retrolateral 1, III–IV ventral1-2-2, III pro- and retroalteral 1, IV pro-, retrolateral 1-1; metatarsus I–II pro- and retrolateral 1-1-1, ventral 2-2-2, III–IV pro- and retrolateral 1-1, ventral 2- 2. Leg measurements: I: 10.40 (3.20, 3.70, 2.20, 1.30); II: 10.50 (3.40, 3.70, 2.20, 1.20); III: 5.60 (1.90, 2.00, 1.00, 0.70); IV: 5.80 (1.80, 2.10, 1.10, 0.80), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally blackish brown with a white stripe in the anterior part and 2 pairs of white spots in the posterior part. + + + +FIGURE 60. + +Synema revolutum + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 61. + +Synema revolutum + + +sp. nov. +, + +paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + +Palp +( +Figs 60 B–D +, +62 A–B +). VTA short triangular, RTA large; tegulum flat, embolus slender, curved, distally pointed. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 5.30. Prosoma 2.20 long, 2.20 wide. Opisthosoma 3.10 long, 2.80 wide. Body pigmentation lighter than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.11; ALE 0.16; PME 0.07; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.40; AME–ALE 0.27; PME–PME 0.53; PME–PLE 0.47. MOA length 0.60 with front width 0.60 and back width 0.67. Spination: Femur I prolateral 0-0-1, I–II dorsal 1-1-1-1, III–IV dorsal 1-1-1; patella I–IV, dorsal 1(weak)-1; tibia I prolateral 0-1, I–II retrolateral 1-1-1, I ventral 2(long)-1-2-2-1-1-2, Pro- and retrolateral 1, II ventral 2(long)-2-2-1-2, prolateral 1-1, retrolateral 1-1-1; III–IV pro- and retrolateral 1-1, III ventral 2(long)-1-2; IV ventral 1(long)-1(long)-2; metatarsus I–II pro- and retrolateral 1-1-1, ventral 1-2-2-2, III–IV pro- and retrolateral 1-1, ventral 2-2; leg measurements: I: 7.00 (2.20, 2.60, 1.30, 0.90); II: 7.40 (2.40, 2.80, 1.30, 0.90); III: 4.20 (1.40, 1.50, 0.80, 0.50); IV: 4.30 (1.50, 1.50, 0.80, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Markings on dorsal opisthosoma similar as in male. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 61 B–C +, +62 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a posteriorly situated atrium; copulatory ducts small and twisted; spermatheca large, convoluted. + + + + +Distribution: +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212029FF94FF7BFCB0FCE42832.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212029FF94FF7BFCB0FCE42832.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a58fe03e936 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212029FF94FF7BFCB0FCE42832.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + +Gen. + +Synema +Simon, 1864 + + + + + + + + +Type +species. + + +Aranea globosa +Fabricius, 1775: 432 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +This genus is distributed worldwide. The +type +species is distributed widely in the Palaearctic. + + + + +Remarks. + +Synema + +is a large genus and includes 127 species in the world at present ( +Platnick 2010 +). Most species were described by Dahl (1907) without figures at all. No regional revision of this genus does exist to date. This genus is characterized by the globular opisthosoma dorsally covered with large dark brown markings and yellowish white markings. There are 4 species recorded from +China +by now. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BF935FC492BB3.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BF935FC492BB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..250aa7c209c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BF935FC492BB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Strigoplus guizhouensis +Song, 1990 + + + + + + + + + +Strigoplus guizhouensis +Song, 1990 + +, in + +Song and Chai 1990: 366 + +, figs 2A–C, +♀ +; + +Zhu and Song 2006: 550 + +, figs 6–10, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +2 ♂ +, + +China +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Primary +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.725' +, +E101º13.261' +, + +734 m + +), + +8 August 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Fogging +GBIV +, Zheng_sp55) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Guangdong +, +Guizhou +, +Hainan +, +Hunan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BFA9DFD112A5B.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BFA9DFD112A5B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..885099a3cf1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BFA9DFD112A5B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Stiphropus falciformus +Yang, Zhu and Song, 2006 + + + + + + + + + + +Stiphropus falciformus + +Yang +et al. +, 2006: 65 + + + +, figs 1A–D, +♂ +; + + +Li +et al. +2009: 65 + + +, figs 1–3, +♀ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +China +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♀ +, +Rubber-Tea +plantation (about 20 years old, +N21º55.551' +, +E101º16.923' +, + +561 m + +), + +16–31 February 2007 + +( +pitfall traps +, J-CIII-2-14); +2 ♀ +, same locality, + +1–15 March 2007 + +( +pitfall traps +, J-CIII-2-15) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Guizhou +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BFF1FFA992803.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BFF1FFA992803.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..649a22617db --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202BFF96FF7BFF1FFA992803.xml @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Spilosynema ravum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 58–59 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.622' +, +E101º16.955' +, + +581 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.27). + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +2 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is taken from the Latin word +ravus +(gray), referring to this species with gray pigmentation, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the grayish general appearance and the unique epigynal organ. + + + + + +Description. +Female + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.90. Prosoma 1.60 long, 1.50 wide; opisthosoma 2.30 long, 1.90 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma grayish yellow with long setae, sides grayish brown. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.12; PME 0.05; PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.20; AME–ALE 0.19; PME–PME 0.30; PME–PLE 0.32. MOA length 0.30 with front width 0.31 and back width 0.41. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae and labium dark brown, sternum yellow with black hairs. Legs yellow; femora of I, II with grayish black spots. Leg spination: femur I prolateral 1-1-1, I–IV dorsal 1; patella I–IV dorsal 1(apical); tibia I–II pro- and retrolateral 1-1-1, ventral 2-2-2; metatarsus I–II pro- and retrolateral 1-1, ventral 2-2-2. Leg formula: 2143; leg measurements: I: 5.60 (1.70, 2.10, 1.10, 0.70); II: 5.70 (1.80, 2.10, 1.10, 0.70); III: 3.35 (1.10, 1.30, 0.50, 0.45); IV: 3.60 (1.20, 1.30, 0.60, 0.50). Opisthosoma dorsally grayish yellow with white spots, venter grayish yellow. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 58 C–D +, +59 A–B +). +Epigynum +with a posteriorly situated hood; copulatory openings situated bilaterally of the hood, the anterior part of copulatory ducts translucent, wide, the posterior part small-tube-shaped; spermathecae twisted, small tube-shaped. + + +Male: +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + +Variation. +Total length: +♀ +3.90, 4.30, 4.30 (n=3). The markings on dorsal opisthosoma vary in pigmentation. + + + + +Remarks. +This species is similar but different from other members of this genus in general appearance and genital organ; we place it in this genus provisionally as the epigyna of these four species vary greatly. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202FFF90FF7BFC97FDBF29E9.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202FFF90FF7BFC97FDBF29E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9364d75874d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21202FFF90FF7BFC97FDBF29E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,393 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Spilosynema mancum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 55–57 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +1 ♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.4). + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +; + +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantations ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +620 m + +), + +21 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +17) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.386' +, +E101º16.803' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +18) + +; + +1 ♂ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +19) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +20) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +8 ♀ +, same data + + +as +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +20 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +21) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +mancum + +(lacking or defective), referring to the palp without RTA, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This species can be easily distinguished from other members of this genus by: palp without RTA and epigynum with a large excurved sclerotized plate. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.50. Prosoma 1.50 long, 1.50 wide; opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.80 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma light yellow with a pair of gray stripes, sides gray. Eye measurements: AME 0.05, ALE 0.10, PME 0.04, PLE 0.08, AME +− +AME 0.18, AME +− +ALE 0.18, PME +− +PME 0.20, PME +− +PLE 0.28. MOA 0.34 long, front width 0.26, back width 0.30. Chelicerae yellow, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum light yellow. Legs yellow with many spines. Leg measurements: I: 7.70 (2.20, 2.70, 1.80, 1.00); II: 7.90 (2.30, 2.80, 1.80, 1.00); III: 4.00 (1.30, 1.50, 0.70, 0.50); IV: 4.40 (1.50, 1.50, 0.80, 0.60), leg formula 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish yellow with black stripes and white spots. Venter light gray. + + +Palp +( +Figs 55 B–D +, +57 A–B +). Palp only with VTA, VTA wide basally and beak-shaped distally; tutacular apophysis hook-shaped, curved distally; embolus filiform. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 3.10. Prosoma 1.40 long, 1.40 wide; opisthosoma 1.80 long, 1.50 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma light brown, with a pair of gray stripes, sides gray. Eye measurements: AME 0.07, ALE 0.12, PME 0.05, PLE 0.10, AME +− +AME 0.16, AME +− +ALE 0.17, PME +− +PME 0.20, PME +− +PLE 0.30. MOA 0.36 long, front width 0.28, back width 0.30. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs I, II light brown, legs III, IV yellow. Leg measurements: I: 6.50 (2.00, 2.40, 1.40, 0.70); II: 6.30 (2.00, 2.20, 1.40, 0.70); III: 3.40 (1.10, 1.20, 0.60, 0.50); IV: 3.80 (1.30, 1.30, 0.70, 0.50), leg formula 1243. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with grayish markings and white spots. Venter yellow with black markings posteriorly. + + + +FIGURE 55. + +Spilosynema mancum + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 56. + +Spilosynema mancum + + +sp. nov. +, + +paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 56 B–C +, +57 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a large, excurved sclerotized plate; copulatory openings visible; copulatory ducts long and twisted; spermathecae oval. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +2.90–3.50 (n=6); +♀ +3.10–4.50 (n=20). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212035FF88FF7BFF1FFE9A2D92.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212035FF88FF7BFF1FFE9A2D92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..350bf81ba82 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212035FF88FF7BFF1FFE9A2D92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + +Gen. + +Takachihoa +Ono, 1985 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Ozyptila truciformis +Bösenberg and Strand, 1906 + + + +Species included and distribution. +Three species from Southeast Asia have been included before this study: + +T. truciformis +( +Bösenberg & Strand, 1906 +) + +from +China +( +Hainan +, +Taiwan) +, +Korea +and +Japan +; + +T. onoi +Zhang, Zhu and Tso, 2006 + +from +China +( +Taiwan) +; + +T. krakatauensis +(Bristowe, 1931) + +from +Indonesia +was transferred from + +Xysticus + +by +Ono (1988: 153) +. + + + + +Remarks. +Sexual dimorphism (not only in body size) in this genus is conspicuous: male with dense hairs on metatarsi and tarsi of legs I, II while female with thick ventral spines. Such sexual dimorphism is also observed in + +Heriaeus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212035FF8EFF7BFDB7FDBF29A7.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212035FF8EFF7BFDB7FDBF29A7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26281033c21 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212035FF8EFF7BFDB7FDBF29A7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,488 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Takachihoa lamellaris + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 63–65 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.4). + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +7 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +; + +3 ♀ +, same data + + +as +Tang-Yao +_ +No +4 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +5) + +; + +8 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609' +, +E101º16.871' +, + +633 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +6) + +; + +3 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.890' +, + +640 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +7) + +; + +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +8) + +; + +10 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.714' +, +E101º16.935' +, + +660 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +11) + +; + +2 ♀ +, +Tropical +evergreen rainforest ( +N21º55.139' +, +E101º16.295' +, + +523 m + +), + +30 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +35) + +. + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, + +594 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +29) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Valley +tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º56.206' +, +E101º16.204' +, + +560 m + +), + +1 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +37) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.880' +, + +642 m + +), + +4 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +42) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +lamellaris + +(lamella-shaped), referring to the shape of distal of right ramus in VTA (top view), adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the small body size and the shape of the VTA. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 2.50. Prosoma 1.25 long, 1.30 wide; opisthosoma 1.40 long, 1.20 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellow with longitudinal grayish brown stripes. Eye measurements: AME 0.05, ALE 0.09, PME 0.04, PLE 0.07, AME +− +AME 0.16, AME +− +ALE 0.06, PME +− +PME 0.14, PME +− +PLE 0.24. MOA 0.22 long, front width 0.24, back width 0.22. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, and labium light brown, sternum yellow. Legs yellow, the distal of femora, patellae and tibiae of I, II blackish brown. Metatarsi and tarsi of I, II with numerous small hairs. Leg measurements: I: 4.45 (1.30, 1.60, 0.90, 0.65); II: 4.45 (1.30, 1.60, 0.90, 0.65); III: 2.80 (0.90, 1.00, 0.45, 0.45); IV: 2.95 (1.00, 1.00, 0.45, 0.50). Spination: Femora: I−II dor 1-1-1-1-1, I prolateral 1- 1-2, III−IV dor 1-1-1-1; Patellae: I−II 0-1 apical; Tibiae: I−II dorsal 1-1, I−II pro- and retrolateral 1-1-1, ventral 2- 2-2-2. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with setae and grayish black markings, venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 63 B–D +, +65 A–B +). The left ramus of VTA short, the right one distally transverse, lamella-shaped; ITA combined with RTA basally, RTA with a small, sharp apophysis distally; embolus filiform. + + + +FIGURE 63. + +Takachihoa lamellaris + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 64. + +Takachihoa lamellaris + + +sp. nov. + +, paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 3.00. Prosoma 1.40 long, 1.40 wide; opisthosoma 1.70 long, 1.70 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.05, ALE 0.10, PME 0.04, PLE 0.08, AME +− +AME 0.17, AME +− +ALE 0.14, PME +− +PME 0.16, PME +− +PLE 0.28. MOA 0.22 long, front width 0.26, back width 0.23. Leg measurements: I: 4.10 (1.30, 1.50, 0.80, 0.50); II: 4.15 (1.30, 1.55, 0.80, 0.50); III: 2.70 (0.90, 1.00, 0.40, 0.40); IV: 2.95 (1.05, 1.00, 0.50, 0.40). + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 64 B–C +, +65 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a sclerotized plate covering a small hood; copulatory ducts twisted; spermathecae twisted. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♀ +2.60 +− +3.30 (n= 40). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203AFFBAFF7BF9A6FDBF2C8E.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203AFFBAFF7BF9A6FDBF2C8E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dceeaf2811a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203AFFBAFF7BF9A6FDBF2C8E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1055 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Talaus sulcus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 71–73 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +plantation + +( +N21º53.993' +, +E101º16.810' +, + +611 m + +), + +19 August 2007 + +, leg. +G. Zheng. + + + + + +Paratypes + +: + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +; + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.390' +, +E101º16.811' +, + +612 m + +), + +10 August 2007 + + +; +2 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, +556 m +), +18 July 2007 +; +1 ♂ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, +608 m +), +18 August 2007 +; + +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.607' +, +E101º17.005' +, + +633 m + +), + +28 July 2007 + + +; +1 ♀ +, primary tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º55.035' +, +E101º16.500' +, +558 m +), +22 July 2007 +; + +4 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + + +; +1 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.200 +, +E101º16.923 +, 608 m), + +19 +− +26 April 2007 + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609' +, +E101º16.871' +, + +633 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +6) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +8) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.714' +, +E101º16.935' +, + +660 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +11) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609' +, +E101º17.090' +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +13) + +; + +2 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Secondary forest +( +N21º54.459' +, +E101º16.755' +, + +644 m + +), + +20 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +14) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Secondary forest +( +N21º54.459' +, +E101º16.750' +, + +640 m + +), + +20 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +15) + +; + +1 ♂ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +620 m + +), + +21 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +16) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +6 ♀ +, same data as +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +16 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +17) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.386' +, +E101º16.803' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +18) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +7 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +19) + +; + +6 ♂ +, +11 ♀ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +20) + +; + +2 ♂ +8 ♀ +, same data as +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +20 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +21) + +; + +3 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +High +plantation forest ( +N21º54.213' +, +E101º16.927' +, + +590 m + +), + +24 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +22) + +; + +4 ♀ +, same data as +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +22 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +23) + +; + +2 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.646' +, +E101º16.975' +, + +589 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +26) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.622' +, +E101º16.955' +, + +581 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +27) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 +Roadside +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º53.819' +, +E101º17.075' +, + +609 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +28) + +; + +2 ♀ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, + +594 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +29) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +615 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +32) + +; + +8 ♂ +, +9 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +610 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +33) + +; + +5 ♀ +, +Tropical +evergreen rainforest ( +N21º55.139' +, +E101º16.295' +, + +523 m + +), + +30 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +35) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 +Roadside +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +( +N21º53.992' +, +E101º16.948' +, alt. + +596 m + +), + +2 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +38) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, + +Anogeissus acuminate +plantation + +( +N21º53.992' +, +E101º16.948' +, + +590 m + +), + +2 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +39) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.640' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +580 m + +), + +3 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +41) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.880' +, + +642 m + +), + +4 December 2009 + + + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +42) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +sulcus + +(furrow, groove), referring to the palp with a tegular groove, noun in apposition. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the palpal tegulum with a small U-shaped groove. This species is similar to + +T. samchi +Ono, 2001 + +, but can be separated from the latter by: palp without DTA (a denticle DTA in + +T. samchi + +); epigynum with long copulatory ducts (short in + +T. samchi + +). The female can also be distinguished from + +T. niger + +Tang +et al +., 2008 + + +by the long, twisted copulatory ducts. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 1.80. Prosoma 0.80 long, 0.85 wide; opisthosoma 1.00 long, 0.90 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma blackish brown, with densely hairs and several sparse long setae on small tubercles. Eye measurements: AME 0.05, ALE 0.12, PME 0.03, PLE 0.06, AME +− +AME 0.10, AME +− +ALE 0.21, PME +− +PME 0.24, PME +− +PLE 0.22. MOA 0.22 long, front width 0.20, back width 0.30. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum blackish brown. Femora I +− +IV black brown, other segments yellow, leg measurements: I: 1.92 (0.60, 0.66, 0.36, 0.30); II: 2.00 (0.64, 0.68, 0.38, 0.30); III: 1.34 (0.40, 0.50, 0.24, 0.20); IV: 1.36 (0.40, 0.50, 0.26, 0.20), leg formula 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish black with long setae, posteriorly grayish yellow; venter grayish yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 71 B–D +, +73 A–B +). VTA thicker and longer than RTA, tegulum with a prolateral blackish brown Ushaped groove, embolus long filiform. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 2.00. Prosoma 0.80 long, 0.95 wide; opisthosoma 1.20 long, 1.25 wide. Body pigmentation lighter than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.05, ALE 0.11, PME 0.03, PLE 0.06, AME +− +AME 0.10, AME +− +ALE 0.24, PME +− +PME 0.30, PME +− +PLE 0.24. MOA 0.22 long, front width 0.24, back width 0.38. Leg measurements: I: 2.22 (0.76, 0.76, 0.40, 0.30); II: 2.30 (0.80, 0.76, 0.44, 0.30); legs III 1.58 (0.50, 0.58, 0.30, 0.20); IV: 1.66 (0.54, 0.60, 0.30, 0.22), leg formula 2143. + + + +FIGURE 71. + +Talaus sulcus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 72. + +Talaus sulcus + + +sp. nov. +, + +paratypes from Xishuangbanna. A–B Habitus, dorsal; C, E +Epigynum +, ventral; D, F Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–B = 1.0 mm; C–F = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 72 C–F +, +73 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a pair of anteriorly situated copulatory openings, epigynum also with a posteriorly situated, tongue-shaped bulge which covered a hood; copulatory ducts long and twist; spermathecae stout. + + + +FIGURE 73. + +Talaus sulcus + + +sp. nov. +, + +male holotype and female paratype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral); C +Epigynum +, ventral; D Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A, B, D = 0.1 mm. + + + +Variation. +The black markings varied in size on female dorsal opisthosoma. Palps usually grayish brown, some light brown. Total length: +♂ +1.50 +− +1.85 (n=29), +♀ +1.90 +− +2.30 (n=97). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203CFF81FF7BFA0AFD2F2B47.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203CFF81FF7BFA0AFD2F2B47.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a2dc6d9388 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203CFF81FF7BFA0AFD2F2B47.xml @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Takachihoa truciformis +( +Bösenberg and Strand, 1906 +) + + + + + + + +Figs 69–70 + + + + + + + +Oxyptila truciformis +Bösenberg and Strand, 1906: 259 + + +, pl. 10, fig. 154, +♀ +, +types +not examined. + + + + + +Takachihoa truciformis + +. + +Ono 1988: 153 + +, figs 159–162, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +. +1 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Fogging-JSI, Zheng_sp1113). +1 ♀ +, +Primary +tropical seasonal rain forest (about 20 years old, +N21º55.035' +, +E101º16.500' +, + +558 m + +), + +1−15 July 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(trunk-traps GZI-4-12, Zheng_sp34) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Taiwan +, Yunnan), +Japan +. + + + + +Remarks. +As the three species of this genus from Xishuangbanna are similar to each other, we give the color photos of + +T. truciformis + +to show the differences. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203CFF81FF7BFF1FFDBF2957.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203CFF81FF7BFF1FFDBF2957.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a36fb944e63 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21203CFF81FF7BFF1FFDBF2957.xml @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Takachihoa tumida + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 66–68 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609´ +, +E101º17.090´ +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.13). + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +1 ♂ +, +1♀ +, same data as holotype + +; + +1 ♀ +, same locality + +, Secondary seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718´ +, +E101º16.940´ +, +645 m +), + +16 +− +24 October 2006 + +, G. Zheng (pitfall trap, JSI-5-6). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word +tumidus +(swollen), referring to the large distal VTA, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the large body size and the shape of VTA. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.20. Prosoma 1.60 long, 1.65 wide; opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.50 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma light grayish brown with reddish brown stripes. Eye measurements: AME 0.07, ALE 0.13, PME 0.06, PLE 0.10, AME +− +AME 0.20, AME +− +ALE 0.12, PME +− +PME 0.18, PME +− +PLE 0.30. MOA 0.24 long, front width 0.32, back width 0.30. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, and labium grayish brown, sternum yellow. Legs I, II blackish brown; III, IV yellow with reddish brown spots. Leg measurements: I: 6.75 (2.10, 2.50, 1.40, 0.75); II: 6.90 (2.15, 2.60, 1.40, 0.75); III: 3.75 (1.20, 1.40, 0.65, 0.50); IV: 3.80 (1.20, 1.40, 0.70, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Femora I−IV with 5 dorsal spines; femur I with 2 prolateral spines; tibia and metatarsus I−II with 3 pairs of ventral spines. Opisthosoma dorsally with setae and grayish black markings; venter yellowish white. + + +Palp +( +Figs 66 B–D +, +68 A–B +). VTA large, RTA distally with two denticles and one blunt apophysis; embolus slender. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 4.10. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellow with blackish brown markings. Prosoma 1.70 long, 1.80 wide. Opisthosoma 2.50 long, 2.10 wide. Body pigmentation lighter than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.13; PME 0.06; PLE 0.11; AME–AME 0.24; AME–ALE 0.16; PME–PME 0.22; PME–PLE 0.36. MOA length 0.30 with front width 0.36 and back width 0.34. Leg measurements: I: 5.75 (1.90, 2.20, 1.10, 0.55); II: 5.90 (2.00, 2.20, 1.10, 0.60); III: 3.45 (1.10, 1.30, 0.60, 0.45); IV: 3.65 (1.20, 1.30, 0.65, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish black with red spots; venter grayish yellow with white spots. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 67 C–F +, +68 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a central sclerotized plate, which covers a small hood; copulatory ducts long, wide and flat; spermathecae small, twisted. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +3.20–3.30 (n=2); +♀ +4.10–4.80 (n=2). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212042FFFFFF7BFC96FEF12B3D.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212042FFFFFF7BFC96FEF12B3D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68d1c142aab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212042FFFFFF7BFC96FEF12B3D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,265 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Micromisumenops xiushanensis +( +Song and Chai, 1990 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 25–27 + + + + + + + +Misumenops xiushanensis +Song and Chai, 1990: 370 + + +, figs 9A−E, +♂ +. + + + +Types examined. + + +Holotype +: + +♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Chongqing +City + + +, +Xiushan County +(belonged to +Sichuan Province +before 1997), + +10 June 1989 + +, no other records ( +IZCAS +_Ar9384). + + + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype ( +IZCAS +_Ar9385−9387) + +. + + + + +Other material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +, + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +: +1 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, + +608 m + +), + +16−31 May 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(trunk-traps RZII-5-10, Zheng_sp33); +3 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang- Yao_No.5) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +See genus diagnosis. + + + + +Description. +Small-sized thomisids ( +♂ +2.20–2.30, +♀ +2.75–3.17). Male body yellow, opisthosoma light yellow with a pair of black spots caudally. Prosoma long equals wide. AER excurved while PER recurved, ALE>PLE>AME>PME, AME +− +AME<AME +− +ALE, PME +− +PME<PME +− +PLE. MOA wider than long, wider in back than front, clypeus slighter shorter than AME +− +AME. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium yellow, sternum light yellow. Male Palp ( +Figs 25 B–D +, +27 A–B +): VTA digitiform with a small apophysis medially, RTA black, strong sclerotized, transverse spatulate-shaped; tegulum swollen, embolus long. Legs yellow, femora and metatarsi of I, II with 4, 3 pairs of ventral spines, respectively. Leg formula 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally light yellow. Venter yellow. +Epigynum +( +Figs 26 D–E +, +27 C–D +) with an anteriorly situated, groove-shaped depression; copulatory opening slit like; copulatory ducts twisted, complicated; spermathecae convoluted. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +2.20–2.30 (n=5), +♀ +2.75–3.17 (n=5). The white spots on dorsum of female opisthosoma vary in pigmentation. + + +Habitat. +Specimens were collected from forest canopy fogging and by beating low bushes and shrubs. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Chongqing +, +Yunnan +). + + + + +Remarks. +The epigynum of the +holotype +was not clearly illustrated by +Song and Chai (1990) +. As the specimens and the genital organs of the types were damaged, we give the color photos of the specimens from Xishuangbanna in this study. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212042FFFFFF7BFF1FFBDE2EB3.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212042FFFFFF7BFF1FFBDE2EB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e819445b833 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212042FFFFFF7BFF1FFBDE2EB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Micromisumenops + +gen. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +species. + + +Misumenops xiushanensis +Song and Chai, 1990 + +( +♂ +). + + + + +Etymology. +The generic name is a combination of Greek prefix +micro +- (means small, tiny) and + +Misumenops + +(Latinized from Greek), refers to the small sized genus which is similar to + +Misumenops + +O. P.-Cambridge, 1900; masculine in gender. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Species of this genus can be separated from + +Misumenops + +(and other genera of + +Misumenini +Simon, 1895 + +) by: 1) the procurved AER and recurved PER (both recurved in + +Misumenops + +); 2) the small body size: +♂ +2.20– 2.30, +♀ +2.75–3.17 (usually larger body size in + +Misumenops + +); 3) the flat, caudally truncated opisthosoma in the female (opisthosoma slightly swollen, caudally sharp in + +Misumenops + +); and 4) the transverse, spatulate-shaped RTA (usually vertical in + +Misumenops + +) in the male, epigynum without hood in the female. + + + + +Description. +See description of + +Micromisumenops xiushanensis + +. + + +Species included. +Only the +type +species. + + + + +Remarks. +This +type +species was placed provisionally in + +Misumenops + +by +Song and Chai (1990: 370 +, figs 9A−E). The generic status of this species was questioned in subsequent study ( +Lehtinen 2005: 177 +). We followed Lehtinen and established + +Micromisumenops + + +gen. nov. + +to accommodate this species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212046FFF9FF7BFA4EFDBF2BC5.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212046FFF9FF7BFA4EFDBF2BC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ed3425b009c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212046FFF9FF7BFA4EFDBF2BC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,377 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Mastira serrula + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 22–24 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, + +Menglun Nature Reserve +, G + +213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.646' +, +E101º16.975' +, + +589 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.26). + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♂ +, same data as holotype + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.386' +, +E101º16.803' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +18) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º53.819' +, +E101º17.075' +, + +609 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +28) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +615 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +32) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +610 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +33) + +; + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♀ +, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.390' +, +E101º16.811' +, + +612 m + +), + +10 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp1366) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +serrula + +(small saw), referring to the tegular apophysis small-saw-shaped, noun in apposition. + + + + +FIGURE 22. + +Mastira serrula + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–E Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral, E Retrolateral-dorsal). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–E = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 23. + +Mastira serrula + + +sp. nov. + +, paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal, B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is similar to + +M. bipunctata +Thorell, 1891 + +(see +Lehtinen 2005: 169 +, figs 47, 58), but can be separated from this species by the small, serrate-like tegular apophysis (different shape in + +M. bipunctata + +) and the elliptic, wide atrium (almost round in + +M. bipunctata + +). + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 2.15. Prosoma length 1.05, width 1.00; opisthosoma length 1.05, width 0.95. Prosoma dorsally tent-like, dorsally light brown with short hairs. Eye tubercles grayish white. Eye measurements: AME 0.04; ALE 0.07; PME 0.04; PLE 0.05; AME–AME 0.12; AME–ALE 0.11; PME– PME 0.19; PME–PLE 0.18. MOA length 0.21 with front width 0.20 and back width 0.27. Femora I, II brown; patellae, tibiae and metatarsi of I, II blackish brown, other segments yellow. Leg measurements: I: 3.95 (1.25, 1.40, 0.75, 0.55); II: 4.00 (1.25, 1.40, 0.75, 0.60); III: 1.90 (0.60, 0.70, 0.30, 0.30); IV: 2.00 (0.70, 0.70, 0.30, 0.30). Leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma oval, dorsally yellow, venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 22 B–E +, +24 A–B +). VTA digitiform; RTA axe-shaped; bulb with a projection which serrated distally; embolus slender. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 4.00. Prosoma length 1.90, width 2.10; opisthosoma length 2.60, width 2.05. Eye measurements: AME 0.05; ALE 0.08; PME 0.05; PLE 0.06; AME–AME 0.21; AME– ALE 0.22; PME–PME 0.34; PME–PLE 0.30. MOA length 0.29 with front width 0.30 and back width 0.42. Legs yellow, tibiae of I, II with 1 short prolateral ventral spine; metatarsi of I, II with 5(prolateral)-4(retrolateral) short ventral spines. Leg measurements: I: 7.60 (2.50, 2.80, 1.40, 0.90); II: 7.70 (2.50, 2.90, 1.40, 0.90); III: 3.90 (1.30, 1.50, 0.70, 0.40); IV: 4.30 (1.40, 1.60, 0.90, 0.40). Leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellowish white, venter yellow. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 23 B–C +, +24 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a posteriorly situated round atrium; copulatory openings with conical projections which could be the dried sperm, according to +Lehtinen (2005: 169) +, copulatory duct twisted; spermathecae short, tube-shaped. + + +Variation. +Total length. +♂ +1.95–2.20 (n=5), +♀ +4.00–4.60 (n=4). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212049FFEBFF7BFF1FFDBD2F4E.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212049FFEBFF7BFF1FFDBD2F4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..42f18fedce1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212049FFEBFF7BFF1FFDBD2F4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus rhombus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + +Figs 33–34 + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus rhombus +Tang and Li 2009c: 712 + + +, figs 28–33, + +♀ +. + + +Material +examined. + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao + +: + +3 ♂ +, +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +5) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, the same +Park +( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.890' +, + +640 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +7) + +. + +1 ♀ +, the same +Park +( +N21º54.609' +, +E101º16.871' +, + +633 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +6) + +; + +1 ♀ +, the same +Park +( +N21º54.714' +, +E101º16.935' +, + +660 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +11) + +. +1 ♂ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, +594 m +), +27 November 2009 +(Tang-Yao_No.29); + +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.880' +, + +642 m + +), + +4 December 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +42) + +. + + + + + +FIGURE 34. + +Paraborboropactus rhombus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + +, male from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral). Scale bar: A–B = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This male can be easily distinguished from other members of this genus by: VTA separated from RTA (connected in others members); the differences between this species and + +P. canalis + + +sp. nov. + +are discussed in the diagnosis of + +P. canalis + + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Description. +Male + +(described for the first time): Total length 5.20. Prosoma 2.60 long, 2.60 wide; Opisthosoma 2.80 long, 3.00 wide. Prosoma brown, flat. Tubercle of eyes reddish brown. Eye measurements: AME 0.09; ALE 0.20; PME 0.11; PLE 0.18; AME–AME 0.09; AME–ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.22; PME–PLE 0.24. MOA long 0.36 with front width 0.26 and back width 0.44. Chelicera with 3 pro- and retromarginal teeth. Gnathocoxa, labium dark brown, sternum brown. Legs I, II yellowish brown, legs III, IV yellow with brown annuli; metatarsi I, II and tarsi I–IV with ventral scopulae. Leg measurements: I: 16.10 (5.00, 6.60, 3.20, 1.30); II: 16.20 (5.00, 6.60, 3.20, 1.40); III: 6.00 (2.00, 2.20, 1.10, 0.70); IV: 6.80 (2.20, 2.40, 1.40, 0.80), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma nearly rhombic, dorsally with small brown chevron stripes and clustered hairs. Venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 33 B–D +, +34 A–B +). VTA blunt digitiform, RTA long lanciform, distally flat spear-shaped; cymbium dorsally with short scopulae in the anterior part; bulb with a large ear-shaped median apophysis, conductor membranous, embolus lamella-shaped. + + +Female +: See +Tang and Li, 2009c: 712 +. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +4.90–5.50 (n=7); +♀ +7.40–8.50 (n=5). + + + + +Distribution: +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204BFFF6FF7BFA15FDBF2BB2.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204BFFF6FF7BFA15FDBF2BB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8357b81c5b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204BFFF6FF7BFA15FDBF2BB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus leguminaceus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus leguminaceus +Tang and Li 2009c: 716 + + +, figs 16–27, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +:. +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +; + +1 ♀ +, same data as +Tang-Yao +_ +No +4 ( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +5) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609' +, +E101º16.871' +, + +633 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +6) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +8) + +; + +1♂ +, +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Teak +plantation ( +N21º53.833' +, +E101º17.001' +, + +618 m + +), + +25 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +24) + +; + +1 ♂ +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º53.819' +, +E101º17.075' +, + +609 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +(Tang- +Yao +_ +No. +28) + +; + +1 ♂ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, + +594 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +29) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204DFFF6FF7BF8ADFDBF2EFD.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204DFFF6FF7BF8ADFDBF2EFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..49128563508 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204DFFF6FF7BF8ADFDBF2EFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus canalis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 31–32 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +664 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.8). + + + + + +FIGURE 31. + +Paraborboropactus canalis + + +sp. nov. +, + +holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Habitus (A Dorsal, B Ventral), C +Epigynum +, ventral; D Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–B = 1.0 mm; C–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is taken from the Latin word + +canalis + +(furrow or groove), referring to the epigynum with a pair of long grooved copulatory openings, noun in apposition. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be easily distinguished from + +P. rhombus + +(see +Tang & Li 2009c: 712–721 +) and + +P. oblatus + +(see +Tang & Li 2010: 53–54 +) by the wide anteriorly situated hood and the shape of septum. + + + + + +Description. +Female + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 8.20. Prosoma 3.40 long, 3.30 wide; Opisthosoma 5.30 long, 4.90 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma brown with black brown longitudinal stripes. AER procurved, tubercles of ALE with clustered hairs. Eye measurements: AME 0.10; ALE 0.24; PME 0.14; PLE 0.21; AME– AME 0.15; AME–ALE 0.24; PME–PME 0.46; PME–PLE 0.42. MOA length 0.73 with front width 0.48 and back width 0.74. Chelicera, gnathocoxa, labium and sternum blackish brown. Chelicerae with 3 pro- and 3 retromarginal teeth. Femur I, II with thick spines and clustered hairs; tibiae I, II with white brush-shaped clustered hairs. Tibiae and metatarsi of I, II with 4, 3 pairs of ventral spines, respectively. Leg measurements: I: 12.40 (4.00, 5.30, 2.30, 0.80); II: 13.60 (4.30, 5.50, 2.50, 1.30); III: 7.00 (2.30, 2.70, 1.20, 0.80); IV: 8.00 (2.60, 3.00, 1.50, 0.90), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellowish brown with small brown clustered hairs; venter light brown. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 31 C–D +, +32 A–B +). +Epigynum +with a wide, anteriorly situated hood and a pair of posteriorly situated epigynal teeth; copulatory openings long groove like; copulatory ducts short, wide; spermathecae wrinkled. + + +Male: +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF1FF7BFA62FDBF2BAA.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF1FF7BFA62FDBF2BAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d6df9ba766 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF1FF7BFA62FDBF2BAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Ozyptila imbrex + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 28–30 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, primary tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º57.669' +, +E101º11.893' +, + +790 m + +), + +5–12 October 2006 + +, leg. +G. Zheng +(CBII-1-04). + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♂ +, same data as holotype; +2 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º55.428' +, +E101º16.441' +, + +598 m + +), + +19–26 April 2007 + + +; +1 ♀ +, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.607' +, +E101º17.005' +, +633 m +), +5–12 October 2006 +; +1 ♀ +, secondary tropical moist forest ( +N21º54.984' +, +E101º16.982' +, +656 m +), +5–12 February 2007 +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +imbrex + +(roofing-tile), referring to the shape of one of the tegular apophyses noun in apposition. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be easily distinguished from other members of this genus by the unique imbricate tegular apophysis of the male palp and the shape of the epigynum. + + + + +FIGURE 28. + +Ozyptila imbrex + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 29. + +Ozyptila imbrex + + +sp. nov. +, + +paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal, B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 2.70. Prosoma 1.40 long, 1.50 wide; opisthosoma 1.40 long, 1.60 wide. Prosoma brown, covered with clavate setae. Eye measurements: AME 0.05; ALE 0.10; PME 0.03; PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.14; AME–ALE 0.08; PME–PME 0.14; PME–PLE 0.22. MOA length 0.22 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.18. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae and labium light brown, sternum light brown with grayish black markings. Legs yellow with grayish black, yellow annuli. Tibiae and metatarsi of I, II with 3 pairs of ventral spines. Leg measurements: I: 4.50 (1.20, 1.60, 1.00, 0.70); II: 4.60 (1.30, 1.60, 1.00, 0.70); III: 3.10 (1.00, 1.20, 0.50, 0.40); IV: 3.40 (1.00, 1.20, 0.60, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish yellow with clavate setae, dorsally also with grayish black and white spots. Venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 28 B–D +, +30 A–B +). VTA beak-shaped; ITA bifurcated, RTA wide basally and sharp distally. Tegulum with 3 tegular apophyses (one large imbricate, one sharp and one broadsword-shaped); embolus slender. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 3.50. Prosoma 1.70 long, 1.60 wide. Opisthosoma 1.90 long, 2.10 wide. Body darker than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.05; ALE 0.10; PME 0.03; PLE 0.08; AME– AME 0.16; AME–ALE 0.10; PME–PME 0.14; PME–PLE 0.24. MOA length 0.20 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.18. Leg measurements: I: 4.70 (1.40, 1.70, 0.90, 0.70); II: 4.90 (1.50, 1.80, 0.90, 0.70); III: 3.40 (1.10, 1.20, 0.60, 0.50); IV: 3.45 (1.10, 1.20, 0.60, 0.55), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish black with clavate setae and white spots. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 29 B–C +, +30 C–D +). +Epigynum +with an anteriorly situated hood and a pair of longitudinal wrinkled lobes laterally; copulatory duct twisted; spermathecae small. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +2.70–2.90 (n=2); +♀ +2.90–3.50 (n=4). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFB19FDBF2936.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFB19FDBF2936.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0bb9f842d4e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFB19FDBF2936.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Oxytate capitulata +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Oxytate capitulata +Tang and Li 2009a: 55 + + +, figs 8A–C, 9A–D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +9 ♂ +, +12 ♀ +from +Yunnan province + +, + +China +, see +Tang and Li, 2009a +. +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFD2DFD1E283B.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFD2DFD1E283B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7af559dcb71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFD2DFD1E283B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Oxytate bhutanica +Ono, 2001 + + + + + + + + + + +Oxytate bhutanica +Ono, 2001: 205 + + +, figs 1−5, +♂ +; + + +Tang +et al. +2008: 242 + + +, figs 6−15, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♂ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +Plantation + +( +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, + +556 m + +), + +18 July 2007 + +(Fogging-RZI, +Zheng +_sp775) + +; + +1 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +Plantation + +( +N21º53.853' +, +E101º17.072' +, + +613 m + +), + +18 August 2007 + +(Fogging-RZIII, +Zheng +_sp294) + +; + +1 ♂ +, + +Anogeissus acuminata +Plantation + +( +N21º53.993' +, +E101º16.810' +, + +611 m + +), + +19 August 2007 + +(Fogging-RZIV, +Zheng +_sp633) + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, Bamboo plantation ( +N21º53.646' +, +E101º16.975' +, + +589 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +26) + +; + +1 ♂ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, + +594 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +29) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Bhutan +, +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFF56FBC72E73.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFF56FBC72E73.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7775c3429b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21204EFFF3FF7BFF56FBC72E73.xml @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Monaeses aciculus +( +Simon, 1903 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Mecostrabus aciculus +Simon, 1903: 727 + + +, +♀ +. + + + + + +Monaeses aciculus + +. + +Song and Zhu 1997: 59 + +, figs 35A−H, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +1 ♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, + +556 m + +), + +4−11 April 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Searching, RZI-3-18) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Fujian +, +Hunan +, +Taiwan +, Yunnan), +Japan +, +Nepal +, +Philippines +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212051FFE3FF7BF893FCD72D46.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212051FFE3FF7BF893FCD72D46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c80ffd0e844 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212051FFE3FF7BF893FCD72D46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Simorcus asiaticus +Ono and Song, 1989 + + + + + + + + + + +Simorcus asiaticus +Ono and Song 1989: 118 + + +, figs 1–5, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Zheng. +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), 27 July + + + +2007 (Fogging-JSI, Zheng_sp1122); +1 ♂ +, +3♀ +, Secondary tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.607' +, +E101º17.005' +, +633 m +), +28 July 2007 +(Fogging-JSIII, Zheng_sp916); +1 ♀ +, Primary tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º57.445' +, +E101º12.997' +, +744 m +), +30 July 2007 +(Fogging-GBII, Zheng_sp721); +1 ♀ +, Primary tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º57.669' +, +E101º11.893' +, +790 m +), +7 August 2007 +(Fogging-GBIII, Zheng_sp721-2). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Hunan +, +Yunnan +, +Zhejiang +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212052FFEEFF7BFF1FFDBF2DFE.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212052FFEEFF7BFF1FFDBF2DFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a656c95fa9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212052FFEEFF7BFF1FFDBF2DFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,214 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Phrynarachne lancea + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 37–38 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Tropical +seasonal rainforest ( +N21º56.206' +, +E101º16.204' +, + +558 m + +), + +1 December 2009 + +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.36). + + + + + +Paratype +: + +1 ♂ +, + +CHINA + + +: + + + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º53.819' +, +E101º17.075' +, + +609 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.28) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +lancea + +(spear), referring to the RTA spear-shaped, noun in apposition. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the wide spear-shaped RTA. + + + + +FIGURE 38. + +Phrynarachne lancea + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral). Scale bar: A–B = 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 2.80. Prosoma length 1.10, width 1.55; opisthosoma length 1.80, width 1.70. Prosoma dorsally grayish white with blackish brown markings, dorsally also with clavate setae. A large projection present between ALE and PLE. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.10; PME 0.05; PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.11; AME–ALE 0.07; PME–PME 0.16; PME–PLE 0.15. MOA length 0.23 with front width 0.22 and back width 0.28. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium brown, sternum blackish brown, chelicera with 2 promaginal teeth. Legs grayish black, femora I, II with tubercles; tibiae and metatarsi of I, II with 3 and 2 pairs of ventral spines, respectively. Leg measurements: I: 4.65 (1.65, 1.50, 0.90, 0.60); II: 4.60 (1.60, 1.50, 0.90, 0.60); III: 2.30 (0.80, 0.80, 0.35, 0.35); IV: 2.20 (0.80, 0.80, 0.30, 0.30). Leg formula: 1234. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish white with small tubercles and clavate setae; venter grayish black. + + +Palp +(37 B–D, 38 A–B). VTA digitiform, RTA wide spear-shaped, tegulum flat, embolus long. + + +Female: +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212053FFECFF7BFC31FD452AF8.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212053FFECFF7BFC31FD452AF8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9b41c01dcf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212053FFECFF7BFC31FD452AF8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,397 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Pistius rotundus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 39–41 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.607' +, +E101º17.005' +, + +633 m + +), + +28 July 2007 + +, leg. +G. Zheng +(Zheng_sp916). + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +12 ♂ +, +4 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +; + +6 ♂ +, +1 juvenile +♀ +, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp1121) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 juvenile +♂ +, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.948' +, +E101º16.982' +, + +656 m + +), + +10 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp228) + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +9) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.609´ +, +E101º17.090´ +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +13) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +rotundus + +(round), referring to the embolus twisted round in retrolateral view, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be easily distinguished from + +P. truncatus +(Pallas, 1772) + +and + +P. undulatus +Karsch, 1879 + +by the slender, twisted embolus. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 4.00. Prosoma 1.80 long, 1.80 wide; opisthosoma 2.25 long, 2.10 wide. Prosoma flat, dorsally greenish brown. Eye tubercles grayish white. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.11; PME 0.06; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.18; AME–ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.18; PME–PLE 0.26. MOA length 0.28 with front width 0.32 and back width 0.31. Chelicerae brown, gnathocoxae, labium yellow, sternum yellow with grayish black rim. Legs yellow. Leg measurements: I: 8.30 (2.40, 3.10, 1.90, 0.90); II: 8.20 (2.40, 3.00, 1.90, 0.90); III: 3.00 (1.00, 1.10, 0.50, 0.40); IV: 3.10 (1.00, 1.20, 0.50, 0.40), leg formula: 1243. Opisthosoma widest at the 2/3 position. opisthosoma dorsally yellow with grayish black markings, dorsally also with some small brown spots which each mounted with a short seta. The lateral with grayish black lines, venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 39 B–D +, +41 A–B +). VTA digitiform, combined with ITA basally; ITA with a small, sharp membranous ramus; RTA bifurcated, the dorsal ramus sclerotized, pointed distally; cymbium dorsally with a brush of scopulae in anterior part ( +Fig. 39B +), tegulum with a tongue-shaped apophysis, embolus slender and twisted around tegulum and in a free distal loop. + + + +FIGURE 39. + +Pistius rotundus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 40. + +Pistius rotundus + + +sp. nov. +, + +paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal, B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 5.30. Prosoma 2.20 long, 2.50 wide. Opisthosoma 2.50 long, 3.20 wide. Body lighter than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.12; PME 0.06; PLE 0.11; AME– AME 0.24; AME–ALE 0.16; PME–PME 0.24; PME–PLE 0.36. MOA length 0.32 with front width 0.38 and back width 0.36. Leg measurements: I: 8.70 (2.80, 3.30, 1.80, 0.80); II: 8.60 (2.80, 3.20, 1.80, 0.80); III: 3.70 (1.10, 1.50, 0.60, 0.50); IV: 3.60 (1.10, 1.40, 0.60, 0.50), leg formula: 1234. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish white with black markings, dorsally also with small brown spots and setae. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 40 B–C +, +41 C–D +). +Epigynum +with a small anteriorly situated hood covered by a transparent sclerotized plate, copulatory openings bilaterally, copulatory duct soft tube-shaped, long, twisted; spermathecae short. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +3.30–4.30 (n=11); +♀ +4.80–5.60 (n=16). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + +Remarks. +The genera + +Massuria +Thorell 1887 + +and + +Pistius +Simon, 1875 + +have been systematically confused by most Indian authors, and most or all species of the genus + +Pistius + +described from +India +were probably misplaced and belong to + +Massuria +Thorell, 1887 +( +Lehtinen, 2005 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212053FFEEFF7BFE5EFC152F67.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212053FFEEFF7BFE5EFC152F67.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2df888f5e70 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212053FFEEFF7BFE5EFC152F67.xml @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Phrynarachne katoi +Chikuni, 1955 + + + + + + + + + + +Phrynarachne katoi +Chikuni, 1955: 35 + + +, pl. 1, figs 4A-G, +♀ +; + +Ono 1988: 28 + +, figs 18–26, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +. + +1 ♂ +, +Primary +tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º55.038' +, +E101º16.500' +, + +558 m + +), + +22 July 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Fogging-GZI, +Zheng +_sp447) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.984' +, +E101º16.982' +, + +656 m + +), + +10 August 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Fogging-JSII, +Zheng +_sp227) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hunan +, +Yunnan +, +Zhejiang +), +Japan +, +Korea +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212056FFE9FF7BFA9DFDBF2925.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212056FFE9FF7BFA9DFDBF2925.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17af1fd9b03 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212056FFE9FF7BFA9DFDBF2925.xml @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Phrynarachne brevis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 35–36 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Bamboo +plantation near G213 roadside ( +N21º53.640' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +580 m + +), + +3 December 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.40). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +brevis + +(short), referring to the very short VTA, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is characterised by the short VTA. This new species could be confused with + +P. katoi +Chikuni, 1955 + +, but can be separated from the latter by: the ratio of length of VTA / tibia = 1/8 (1/ +3 in + +P. katoi + +); the distal of RTA knife-shaped (needle-shaped in + +P. katoi + +). + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 2.40. Prosoma 1.10 long, 1.05 wide; opisthosoma 1.40 long, 1.45 wide. Prosoma dorsally brown with a pair of longitudinal white stripes, dorsally also with some tubercles which each mounted a clavate seta. A large projection present between ALE and PLE. Eye measurements: AME 0.05; ALE 0.09; PME 0.04; PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.16; AME–ALE 0.08; PME–PME 0.20; PME–PLE 0.14. MOA length 0.23 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.29. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium brown, sternum yellow with black rim; chelicerae with 2 pro- and 1 retromarginal teeth. Legs brown, femora I and II with tubercles; tibiae and metatarsi of I, II with 3, 2 pairs of ventral spines, respectively. Leg measurements: I: 4.00 (1.25, 1.50, 0.70, 0.55); II: 3.95 (1.30, 1.50, 0.60, 0.55); III: 2.05 (0.65, 0.75, 0.30, 0.35); IV: 1.95 (0.60, 0.70, 0.30, 0.35), leg formula: 1234. Opisthosoma dorsally light brown with tubercles and clavate seta; venter yellow with a black ring marking. + + + +FIGURE 35. + +Phrynarachne brevis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 36. + +Phrynarachne brevis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral). Scale bar: A–B = 0.1 mm. + + + +Palp +( +Figs 35 B–D +, +36 A–B +). Palp with a tiny VTA and a long sword-shaped RTA; tegulum flat; embolus long. +Female: +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212056FFEBFF7BFC0EFDBF28FF.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212056FFEBFF7BFC0EFDBF28FF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b40e06ea773 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212056FFEBFF7BFC0EFDBF28FF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus zhengi +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Paraborboropactus zhengi +Tang and Li 2009c: 713 + + +, figs 1–15, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +1 ♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +: +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rainforest ( +N21º54.609´ +, +E101º17.090´ +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.13) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212058FF9AFF7BFF1FFC052F4E.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212058FF9AFF7BFF1FFC052F4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..572ca7191c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212058FF9AFF7BFF1FFC052F4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,226 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Smodiscinodes yaoi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 46–48 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, + +Menglun Nature Reserve +, G + +213 roadside, +High +plantations ( +N21º54.123' +, +E101º16.927' +, + +590 m + +), + +24 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.22). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is a patronym in honor of Mr. Zhi-Yuan Yao (IZCAS), who took part in the field work in 2009. + + + + +FIGURE 46. + +Smodicinodes yaoi + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–D Habitus (A Dorsal, B Ventral, C Frontal, D Lateral). Scale bar: A–D = 1.0 mm + + + + +FIGURE 47. + +Smodicinodes yaoi + + +sp. nov. +, + +holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–D Palp (A Prolateral, B Retrolateral, C Ventral, D Dorsal). Scale bar: A–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 48. + +Smodicinodes yaoi + + +sp. nov. +, + +holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–D Palp (A Prolateral, B Ventral, C Retrolateral, D Dorsal). Scale bar: A–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is very similar to + +S. hupingensis +Tang, Peng and Yin, 2004 + +from +Hunan Province +, but can be separated from the latter by: cymbium with a dorsal outgrowth (absent in + +S. hupingensis + +); ratio of length of RTA / VTA = 0.5 (about 1.0 in + +S. hupingensis + +). This new species can be separated from + +S. schwendingeri + +by: 1) opisthosoma oval (elongated in + +S. schwendingeri + +); 2) RTA sharp (bifurcate in + +S. schwendingeri + +); 3) RTA uncovered by tutaculum (covered in + +S. schwendingeri + +). + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 2.40. Prosoma 1.05 long, 0.95 wide; opisthosoma 1.30 long, 0.97 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma dark brown. Prosoma with conspicuous crest of four projections, the two posterior ones bifurcate. Eye tubercles large; an angle-shaped projection presented between ALE and PLE. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.14; PME 0.05; PLE 0.13; AME–AME 0.12; AME–ALE 0.08; PME–PME 0.25; PME–PLE 0.22. MOA length 0.34 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.37. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum dark brown; chelicerae with one large and one small promarginal teeth. Legs slender, femora with blackish brown annuli, each femur with a dorsal spine. Leg measurements: I: 2.82 (0.90, 1.00, 0.52, 0.40); II: 2.85 (0.90, 1.00, 0.55, 0.40); III: 2.35 (0.70, 0.80, 0.50, 0.35); IV: 2.68 (0.88, 0.90, 0.55, 0.35), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma oval, dorsally blackish brown with a pair of brown stripes, venter grayish brown. + + +Palp +( +Figs 47 A–D +, +48 A–D +). Palp dark brown, cymbium with tutaculum and a dorsal outgrowth; VTA large digitiform, RTA sharp; tegulum flat, embolus small spiniform. + + +Female: +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + +Habitat. +Specimen was collected from evergreen tropical forest. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE1FF7BFB2AFEC82BA6.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE1FF7BFB2AFEC82BA6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c19ddb880dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE1FF7BFB2AFEC82BA6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Smodiscinodes schwendingeri +Benjamin, 2002 + + + + + + + +Figs 42–45 + + + + + + + +Smodiscinodes schwendingeri +Benjamin 2002: 4 + + +, figs 1–4, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♂ +, +2 juvenile +♀ +, +Bamboo +plantations near G213 roadside ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +620 m + +), + +21 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.17); +2 ♀ +, same locality as Tang-Yao_No.17, + +22 November 2009 + +( + +627 m + +, Tang-Yao_No.19) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The female is very similar to + +S. kovaci +Ono, 1993 + +, but can be separated from the latter by: large anteriorly situated hood, closed to copulatory openings (small hood, far from copulatory openings in + +S. kovaci + +). The differences between this species and + +S. yaoi + + +sp. nov. + +are discussed in the diagnosis of + +S. yaoi + + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Description. +Female + +(Tang-Yao_No.19, described for the first time): Total length 6.30. Prosoma 1.45 long, 1.40 wide; opisthosoma 4.70 long, 2.30 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma dark brown, prosoma dorsally with a small crest. The crest with 4 projections, the 2 posterior ones bifurcate, distally each with a thick spine. Eye tubercles large; a large angle-shaped projection presents between ALE and PLE; clypeus with a white marking. Eye measurements: AME 0.10; ALE 0.22; PME 0.10; PLE 0.20; AME–AME 0.20; AME–ALE 0.15; PME–PME 0.40; PME–PLE 0.34. MOA length 0.58 with front width 0.38 and back width 0.61. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum dark brown; chelicerae with one large and one small promarginal teeth. Legs slender, femora I–IV with grayish brown stripes laterally, femora II–IV each with 1 dorsal spine. Leg measurements: I: 6.40 (2.30, 2.30, 1.30, 0.50); II: 7.00 (2.50, 2.50, 1.50, 0.50); III: 5.90 (2.10, 2.00, 1.30, 0.50); IV: 6.90 (2.40, 2.30, 1.70, 0.50), leg formula: 2413. Opisthosoma dorsally blackish brown with grayish white markings; the later grayish white, venter brown. + + + +FIGURE 42. + +Smodicinodes schwendingeri +Benjamin, 2002 + +, male from Xishuangbanna. A–B Habitus (A Dorsal, B Ventral). Scale bar: A–B = 1.0 mm. + + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 44 E–F +, +45 D–E +). +Epigynum +with an anteriorly situated hood, with nearby copulatory openings; copulatory ducts short; spermathecae with an anterior, large chamber and a posterior, small transparent chamber. + + +Male: +Total length 3.10. Prosoma 1.25 long, 1.15 wide; opisthosoma 1.85 long, 0.95 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma dark brown with a grayish yellow crest. The ratio of length of crest / prosoma larger than in female. Eye measurements: AME 0.08; ALE 0.18; PME 0.07; PLE 0.16; AME–AME 0.14; AME–ALE 0.14; PME–PME 0.32; PME–PLE 0.28. MOA length 0.48 with front width 0.28 and back width 0.47. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium dark brown, sternum yellowish brown with blackish brown rim; chelicerae with one large and one small promarginal teeth. Legs slender, light yellow with short hairs, femora I–IV with grayish brown stripes laterally, femur III with 1 dorsal spine. Leg measurements: I: 4.65 (1.60, 1.65, 0.90, 0.50); II: 5.05 (1.75, 1.80, 1.00, 0.50); III: 4.15 (1.40, 1.40, 0.95, 0.40); IV: 4.67 (1.55, 1.60, 1.10, 0.42), leg formula: 2413. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish black with some white markings; venter blackish brown. + + +Palp +( +Figs 43 A–D +, +45 A–C +). Palp dark brown, cymbium with a large tutaculum and a dorsal outgrowth (DO); VTA large digitiform, RTA bifurcate, with a large dorsal ramus, RTA covered by tutaculum in ventral view; tegulum flat, embolus small spiniform. + + +Variation: +Total length: +♀ +5.40–6.30 (n=2). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +), +Thailand +. + + +Habitat. +Our specimens were collected from dense bamboo forest, green forests and bushes. + + + + +Remarks. +The distance of the +type +locality of + +S. schwendingeri + +( +Chiang Mai Province +, +Thailand +) to Xishuangbanna is +425 km +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE2FF7BFC9FFBFB2837.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE2FF7BFC9FFBFB2837.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5dd3c4bd9ce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE2FF7BFC9FFBFB2837.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + +Gen. + +Smodicinodes +Ono, 1993 + + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Smodicinodes kovaci +Ono, 1993 + +from +Malaysia + +. + + +Species included. + +S. kovaci +Ono, 1993 + +, + +S. schwendingeri +Benjamin, 2002 + +and + +S. hupingensis +Tang, Yin and Peng, 2004 + +from Southeast Asia. + + + + +Remarks. +Besides + +Smodicinodes +, + +the tribe + +Smodicini +Ono, 1988 + +includes three monotypic genera: + +Smodicinus +Simon, 1895 + +(West, Southern Africa), + +Parasmodix +Jézéquel, 1966 + +( +Ivory Coast +, Africa), + +Smodicinodes +Ono, 1993 + +(Southeast Asia) and + +Indosmodicinus +Sen, Saha and Raychaudhuri, 2010 + +. + +Indosmodicinus + +was erected on the basis of female specimens only ( + +Sen +et al +. 2010 + +), these specimens show a unique large crest. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE2FF7BFF56FDBF2EBD.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE2FF7BFF56FDBF2EBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9e6360a2ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21205FFFE2FF7BFF56FDBF2EBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Sinothomisus liae +Tang, Yin, Griswold and Peng, 2006 + + + + + + + + + + +Sinothomisus liae + +Tang +et al +. 2006: 65 + + + +, figs 1–13, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, leg. G. Zheng: +1 ♂ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, +556 m +), +16–24 November 2006 +(Pitfall traps, RZI-4-08); +1 ♂ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.646' +, +E101º16.257' +, +572 m +), +16– 24 November 2006 +(Pitfall traps, J-CI-2-8); +1 ♀ +, Rubber-Tea Plantation ( +N21º55.551' +, +E101º16.923' +, +561 m +), +5–12 January 2007 +(searching, J-CI-2-10); +1 ♀ +, Rubber-Tea Plantation ( +N21º55.551' +, +E101º16.923' +, +561 m +), +5–12 March 2007 +(searching, J-CIII-1-14); +1 ♀ +, Rubber-Tea Plantation ( +N21º54.498' +, +E101º16.326' +, +586 m +), +19–26 April 2007 +(searching, XZII-2-17); +1 ♀ +, Rubber-Tea Plantation ( +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, +608 m +), +19–26 April 2007 +(searching, RZII-3-17); +1 ♀ +, Rubber-Tea Plantation ( +N21º54.646' +, +E101º16.257' +, +572 m +), +4–11 May 2007 +(searching, J-CI-2-18). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDCFF7BF8B1FC6F2DFE.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDCFF7BF8B1FC6F2DFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a0742b0afb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDCFF7BF8B1FC6F2DFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Cebrenninus rugosus +Simon, 1887 + + + + + + + + + + +Cebrenninus rugosus +Simon, 1887: 468 + + +, +♂ +; + +Simon 1897: 9 + +, figs 1−2, +♂ +; + +Tang and Li 2010: 23 + +, figs 17A−C, 18A−E, 19A−D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +, + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +: + +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.607' +, +E101º17.005' +, + +633 m + +), + +16−31 May 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +( +pitfall traps +, JSIII-4-20) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +; + +3 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +664 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +8) + +; +1 ♂ +, G213 roadside, low evergreen forest ( +N21º53.794' +, +E101º17.152' +, +594 m +), +27 November 2009 +(Tang-Yao_No.29) + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +), +Malaysia +, +Philippines +, +Thailand +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFAC1FC4A2AE7.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFAC1FC4A2AE7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32fd2b44c55 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFAC1FC4A2AE7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,176 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Camaricus formosus +Thorell, 1887 + + + + + + + + + + +Camaricus formosus +Thorell, 1887: 262 + + +, +♂ +; + +Song and Zhu 1997: 173 + +, figs 122A−D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +China +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, + +556 m + +), + +19−26 April 2007 + +( +Searching +, RZI-2-17) + +; + +1 ♂ +, rubber plantation (about 20 years old, +N21º54.498' +, +E101º16.326' +, + +586 m + +), + +19−26 May 2007 + +( +Searching +, XZII-3-19) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Rubber-Tea +plantation (about 20 years old, +N21º54.463' +, +E101º15.978' +, + +569 m + +, +Searching +, J-CII-2-20) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +), +India +to Sumatra, +Philippines +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFC29FD1E28D7.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFC29FD1E28D7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f0edc7844a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFC29FD1E28D7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Borboropactus hainanus +Song, 1993 + + + + + + + + + + +Borboropactus hainanus +Song, 1993: 89 + + +, figs 1a−c, +♂ +; + +Tang and Li 2010: 16 + +, figs 11A−B, 12A−D, 13A−D, 14A−D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +1 ♀ +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +664 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.8) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFF56FCD92F7E.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFF56FCD92F7E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..240e0dd5701 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212060FFDDFF7BFF56FCD92F7E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,291 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Boliscus tuberculatus +( +Simon, 1886 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Corynethrix tuberculata +Simon, 1886: 146 + + +, +♀ +. + + + + + +Boliscus tuberculatus +. + + +Ono 1984: 66 + +, figs 1−8, +♂ +; + +Song and Zhu 1997: 175 + +, figs 123A−H, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♀ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, + +608 m + +), + +1−15 June 2007 + +(trunk-traps RZII-5-10, +Zheng +_sp35) + +. + +2 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical seasonal moist forest ( +N21º54.718' +, +E101º16.940' +, + +645 m + +), + +27 July 2007 + +(Fogging-JSI, +Zheng +_sp1112) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Primary +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º57.445' +, +E101º12.997' +, + +744 m + +), + +30 July 2007 + +(Fogging-GBII, +Zheng +_sp714) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º54.813' +, +E101º12.634' +, + +876 m + +), + +5 August 2007 + +(Fogging-CBIV, +Zheng +_sp1285) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.784' +, +E101º11.947' +, + +895 m + +), + +6 August 2007 + +(Fogging-CBI, +Zheng +_sp1236) + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.890' +, + +640 m + +), + +14 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +7) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park ( +N21º54.609´ +, +E101º17.090´ +, + +643 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +13) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +), +Japan +, +Myanmar +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212061FFD3FF7BFAA5FDF62E26.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212061FFD3FF7BFAA5FDF62E26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..820f7aa3fb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212061FFD3FF7BFAA5FDF62E26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Epidius bazarus +( +Tikader, 1970 +) + + + + + + + +Figs 1–3 + + + + + + + +Platythomisus bazarus +Tikader, 1970: 48 + + +, figs 27a–c, +♀ +. + + + + +Epidius bazarus + +. Tang +et al +. 2009: 42, figs 2A−F, +♀ +. + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +, + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.809' +; +E101º12.173' +, + +888 m + +), + +4 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp901) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.809' +; +E101º12.173' +, + +888 m + +), + +4 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp862) + +; + +3 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º54.813' +; +E101º12.634' +, + +876 m + +), + +5 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp1283) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º54.767' +; +E101º11.431' +, + +880 m + +), + +6 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp1115) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º57.784' +; +E101º11.947' +, + +895 m + +), + +6 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp1177) + +; + +1 ♂ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º54.772' +; +E101º16.043' +, + +556 m + +), + +18 August 2007 + +( +Zheng +_sp331) + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +656 m + +), + +13 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +4) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The species can be easily distinguished from other members of this genus by the large body size ( +5.70–7.70 in +males and +7.36−8.80 in +females) and by the medially shrunken cymbium. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +(described for the first time, Zheng_sp901 measured). Total length 6.50, prosoma 2.90 long, 2.70 wide; opisthosoma 3.60 long, 2.20 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma light brown. Cervical grooves, radial grooves and fovea indistinct. Eye area compact; eye tubercles grayish black; eye measurements: ALE 0.18, PLE 0.16, AME 0.07, PME 0.12; AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.20, PME-PLE 0.16, MOA length 0.42 with front width 0.22 and back width 0.42. Leg measurements: I 20.30 (5.80, 7.80, 5.00, 1.70), II 19.90 (5.70, 7.60, 5.00, 1.60), III 9.40 (3.00, 3.50, 2.20, 0.70), IV 10.20 (3.20, 3.80, 2.40, 0.80), leg formula 1243. Legs with short spines at femora, other characters same as in female. + + +Palp +( +Figs 2 A–E +, +3 A–B +). Femur and tibia slender; tibia with a row of four thick long ventral spines distally; VTA sharp, membranous; cymbium shrunken medially; bulb with large conductor; median apophysis and embolus pointed. + + +Female. +See Tang +et al +. 2009: 42–43. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +5.70–7.70 (n=7); +♀ +7.36–8.80 (n=3). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +), +India +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212063FFDEFF7BFB84FD1E2918.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212063FFDEFF7BFB84FD1E2918.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..83e23b06a46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212063FFDEFF7BFB84FD1E2918.xml @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Alcimochthes meridionalis +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Alcimochthes meridionalis +Tang and Li 2009a: 46 + + +, figs 1A−D, 2A−D, 3A−D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.9); +1 ♀ +, G213 Roadside, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º53.819' +, +E101º17.075' +, + +609 m + +), + +27 November 2009 + +(Tang- Yao_No.28) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212063FFDEFF7BFD97FA8F2FCE.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212063FFDEFF7BFD97FA8F2FCE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..122ee2dd06d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212063FFDEFF7BFD97FA8F2FCE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,224 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Alcimochthes limbatus +Simon, 1885 + + + + + + + + + +Alcimochthes limbatus +Simon, 1885: 979 + +, fig. 1046, +♀ +; + +Ono 1988: 46 + +, figs 34−45, +♂ +; + +Tang and Li 2010: 5 + +, figs 1A−D, 2A−C, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +2 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º54.386' +, +E101º16.803' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +18) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Bamboo +plantations near G213 roadside ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +19) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +Garbage +dump, secondary tropical forest ( +N21º54.380´ +, +E101º16.815´ +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +21) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Guangdong +, +Guangxi +, +Hainan +, +Hunan +, +Yunnan +), +Japan +, +Singapore +, +Vietnam +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212068FFC9FF7BF967FDBF29E5.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212068FFC9FF7BF967FDBF29E5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0aee6dfb701 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212068FFC9FF7BF967FDBF29E5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,523 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Heriaeus convexus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 7–9 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +( +N21º53.823' +, +E101º17.072' +, + +613 m + +), + +19–25 November 2006 + +, leg. +G. Zheng +(RZIII-3-07). + + + + +FIGURE 7. + +Heriaeus convexus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 8. + +Heriaeus convexus + + +sp. nov. + +, paratypes from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B, D +Epigynum +, ventral; C, E Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–E = 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve + +, + +leg. +G. Zheng +: +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype (RZIII-3-07) + +; +1 ♀ +, +19–26 March 2007 +(RZIII-2-15); +1 ♀ +, +4-11 May 2007 +(RZIII-3-18); +1 ♂ +, +19–25 October 2006 +(RZIII-1-05). +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +5–12 October 2006 +(RZIII-3-04); +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +19–25 October 2006 +(RZIII-3-05); +1 ♀ +, +5–12 December 2006 +(RZIII-4-08); +1 ♀ +, +5–12 December 2006 +(RZIII-1-08); +1 ♀ +, +1–10 January 2007 +(RZIII-1-10); +1 ♀ +, +19–25 October 2006 +(RZIII-1-11); +1♀ +, +5–12 October 2006 +(RZIII-2-04); + +1 ♀ + +5–12 March 2007 + +(RZIII-2-14), all same locality as holotype + +; +1 ♂ +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +Plantation + +1 ( +N21º53.823' +, +E101º17.072' +, +613 m +), +1–9 November 2006 +(pitfall traps, RZIII-2-07); + +1 ♀ +, +Rubber-Tea +plantation ( +N21º55.551' +, +E101º16.923' +, + +561 m + +), + +5–12 October 2006 + +(J-CIII-1-04) + +; + +1 ♀ +, same locality + +, +1–15 January 2007 +(J- CIII-2-11); + +1 ♀ +, +Rubber-Tea +plantation ( +N21º54.498' +, +E101º16.326' +, + +586 m + +), + +19–25 February 2007 + +(XZII-1-13) + +; + +leg. +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +: +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park ( +N21º54.705' +, +E101º16.898' +, + +664 m + +), + +15 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +8) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.710' +, +E101º16.941' +, + +652 m + +), + +16 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +10) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380´ +, +E101º16.815´ +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +21) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.833' +, +E101º17.001' +, + +618 m + +), + +25 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +25) + +; + +1 ♀ +, G213 roadside, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.646' +, +E101º16.975' +, + +589 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +26) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Bamboo +plantation ( +N21º53.622' +, +E101º16.955' +, + +581 m + +), + +26 November 2009 + +( +Tang-Yao +_ +No. +27) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 9. + +Heriaeus convexus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype and paratype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral); C +Epigynum +, ventral; D Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +convexus + +(convex), referring to the retrolaterally convex palpal cymbium, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the long, slender embolus and the shapes of tibial apophyses. This species could only be confused with + +H. crassispinus +Lawrence, 1942 + +from +South Africa +( +Loerbroks 1983: 131 +, figs 93–94), but can be separated by: 1) ITA larger than the ventral ramus of RTA (smaller in + +H. crassispinus + +); 2) the distal part of embolus situated ventral of cymbium (lateral of cymbium in + +H. crassispinus + +). + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.70. Prosoma 2.00 long, 1.70 wide; opisthosoma 1.90 long, 1.60 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellow, with long setae and light brown stripes. Clypeus margin with seven setae forwardly. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.11; PME 0.07; PLE 0.11; AME–AME 0.22; AME– ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.20; PME–PLE 0.26. MOA length 0.33 with front width 0.35 and back width 0.34. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae and labium light brown, sternum yellow. Legs yellow, darken distally, femur and tibia of I, II covered with long spines and hairs. Leg measurements: I: 9.20 (2.60, 3.30, 2.20, 1.10); II: 9.10 (2.60, 3.30, 2.20, 1.00); III: 4.60 (1.50, 1.70, 0.80, 0.60); IV: 4.90 (1.60, 1.70, 1.00, 0.60), leg formula: 1243. Opisthosoma dorsally gray with setae and light blackish brown stripes and scaled white spots. Venter light yellow with white spots. + + +Palp +( +Figs 7 B–D +, +9 A–B +). VTA beak-shaped; ITA finger-shaped, RTA bifurcated, with the ventral ramus finger-shaped, the dorsal one pointed; tegulum flat; embolus slender, twisted. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 4.80. Prosoma 2.30 long, 2.25 wide. Opisthosoma 2.70 long, 2.70 wide. Body pigmentation lighter than in male. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.11; PME 0.07; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.30; AME–ALE 0.18; PME–PME 0.28; PME–PLE 0.34. MOA length 0.38 with front width 0.41 and back width 0.40. Leg measurements: I: 8.20 (2.40, 3.00, 1.80, 1.00); II: 8.30 (2.40, 3.10, 1.80, 1.00); III: 4.70 (1.50, 1.90, 0.70, 0.60); IV: 5.40 (1.70, 2.00, 1.00, 0.70), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally grayish with setae and scaled white spots. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 8 B–E +, +9 C–D +). +Epigynum +with an anteriorly situated, soft wrinkled hood; copulatory openings situated near the hood; copulatory duct wrinkled, twisted complicated; spermathecae small. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♂ +3.30–4.40 (n=5); +♀ +4.50–6.20 (n=20). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21206DFFD0FF7BFF56FA822B5C.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21206DFFD0FF7BFF56FA822B5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..674931fcb3d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21206DFFD0FF7BFF56FA822B5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,320 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Heriaeus concavus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 4–6 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, rubber-tea plantation (about 20 years old, +N21º54.463' +, +E101º15.978' +, + +569 m + +), + +5–12 September 2007 + +, leg. +G. Zheng +(J-CII-1-02). + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + + +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, leg. +G. Zheng +( + +Paramichelia baillonii +Plantation + +, searching) + +: +1 ♀ +, ( +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, +556 m +), +19–25 November 2006 +(RZI-4-07). +1 ♀ +, +5–12 September 2006 +(RZI-3-02); +1 ♀ +, +5–12 October 2006 +(RZI-1-04); +1 ♀ +, +5– 12 December 2006 +(RZI-1-08); +1 ♀ +, +19–25 October 2006 +(RZI-3-05); +1 ♀ +, +19–25 January 2007 +(RZI-3-11); +1 ♀ +, +19–25 February 2007 +(RZIII-4-13); +1 ♀ +, ( +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, +608 m +), +1–9 November 2006 +(RZIII-2-07); +1 ♀ +, ( +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, +556 m +), +16–24 October 2006 +(RZI-3-06); +1 ♀ +, ( +N21º54.200' +, +E101º16.923' +, +608 m +), +16–31 January 2007 +(RZII-5-12); +1 ♀ +, ( +N21º53.823' +, +E101º17.072' +, +613 m +), +16–31 February 2007 +(RZIII-3- 14); +1 ♀ +, +5–12 December 2006 +(J-CII-2-08). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +concavus + +(concave), refers to the retrolaterally concaved palpal cymbium, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is characterized by having the grayish black longitudinal markings on dorsal prosoma. This species is similar to + +H. crassispinus +Lawrence, 1942 + +from +South Africa +( +Loerbroks 1983: 131 +, figs 93–94), but can be distinguished by: 1) ITA separated from ventral ramus of RTA (combined in + +H. crassispinus + +); 2) embolus slender, its tip situated distally, ventral of cymbium (lateral of cymbium in + +H. crassispinus + +). + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.10. Prosoma 1.70 long, 1.65 wide; opisthosoma 1.50 long, 1.20 wide. Prosoma flat, dorsal shield of prosoma grayish black. Head area with long setae. Eye tubercles grayish white. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.12; PME 0.05; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.14; AME–ALE 0.08; PME–PME 0.12; PME–PLE 0.22. MOA length 0.26 with front width 0.26 and back width 0.22. Chelicerae gray with black markings, gnathocoxae, labium yellow, sternum yellow with grayish black sides. Legs yellowish brown. Femora with 2 short dorsal spines, femora I with 3 prolateral spines. Leg measurements: I: 7.20 (2.10, 2.60, 1.70, 0.80); II: 7.25 (2.10, 2.65, 1.65, 0.85); III: 3.85 (1.10, 1.50, 0.75, 0.50); IV: 3.90 (1.20, 1.40, 0.80, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with black markings, venter yellow with black stripes posteriorly. + + +Palp +( +Figs 4 B–D +, +6 A–B +). VTA digitiform, combined with ITA basally; RTA large, bifurcated; tegulum with a small tongue-shaped apophysis; embolus slender, twisted around the hairless retrolateral cymbium. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 4.20. Prosoma 2.10 long, 2.10 wide. Opisthosoma 2.30 long, 2.40 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellow with grayish black markings and some setae. Eye measurements: AME 0.05; ALE 0.12; PME 0.06; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.22; AME–ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.16; PME–PLE 0.28. MOA length 0.32 with front width 0.32 and back width 0.28. Leg yellow with thick spines, femora with 1 dorsal short spine; femora I with 4 prolateral spines; tibiae and metatarsi of I, II with 5 pairs of thick ventral spines. Leg measurements: I: 6.80 (2.00, 2.60, 1.50, 0.70); II: 6.85 (2.00, 2.70, 1.45, 0.70); III: 4.00 (1.20, 1.50, 0.75, 0.55); IV: 4.10 (1.30, 1.50, 0.75, 0.55), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with grayish black markings, dorsally also covered with black setae, the laterals with black lines, venter yellow. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 5 B–E +, +6 C–D +). +Epigynum +with an anteriorly situated, sclerotized plate, which covers the small hood; copulatory ducts slender, twisted, ribbon-shaped, wrinkled anteriorly, wide and flat medially, narrow posteriorly; spermathecae short, small. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♀ +3.50–5.20 (n=12). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + +Remarks. +The species + +Diaea implicata +Jézéquel, 1966 + +from +Ivory Coast +( +Côte d'Ivoire +, West Africa) has a similar palp as this new species ( +Jézéquel 1966: 625 +). + +Diaea implicata + +could be a member of + +Heriaeus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212070FFCDFF7BFD46FDBF2B10.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212070FFCDFF7BFD46FDBF2B10.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a0d64bbb6e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212070FFCDFF7BFD46FDBF2B10.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Lycopus cha + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 13–15 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +G213 +Roadside +, + +Anogeissus acuminate +Plantation + +( +N21º53.992' +, +E101º16.948' +, alt. + +596 m + +), + +2 December 2009 + +, +G +. Tang and +Z +. +Y +. Yao (Tang-Yao_No.38). + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +2 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is from Chinese word for fork (chā), refers to the distal of RTA fork-shaped, noun in apposition. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is similar to + +L. primus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + +, but can be separated by: the large, distally bifurcated ramus of RTA (palm-shaped, not bifurcated in + +L. primus + +) and the slender copulatory ducts (short in + +L. primus + +). + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.80. Prosoma length 1.40, width 1.45; opisthosoma length 2.60, width 1.20. Prosoma yellow with setae sparsely. Eye tubercles grayish black. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.11; PME 0.06; PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.14; AME–ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.11; PME–PLE 0.29. MOA length 0.34 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.22. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellow, femora and tibiae of I, II red distally. Leg measurements: I: 8.40 (2.50, 3.00, 1.90, 1.00); II: 8.45 (2.50, 2.95, 2.00, 1.00); III: 3.65 (1.20, 1.25, 0.70, 0.50); IV: 4.20 (1.40, 1.40, 0.80, 0.60). Leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with slivery white spots. + + +Palp +( +Figs 13 B–D +, +15 A–B +). VTA strongly sclerotized; RTA large, with a small ramus digitiform, the large ramus bifurcated distally; tegulum swollen without apophysis; embolus slender. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 4.40. Prosoma 1.80 long, 1.50 wide; opisthosoma 2.80 long, 1.40 wide. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish green, head area with sparse setae. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.10; PME 0.05; PLE 0.09; AME–AME 0.18; AME–ALE 0.18; PME–PME 0.26; PME–PLE 0.38. MOA length 0.28 with front width 0.28 and back width 0.36. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellow with spines. Leg measurements: I: 6.10 (1.80, 2.20, 1.40, 0.70); II: 6.20 (1.90, 2.20, 1.40, 0.70); III: 3.30 (1.00, 1.20, 0.60, 0.50); IV: 3.80 (1.30, 1.30, 0.70, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellowish with slivery spots. + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 14 B–C +, +15 C–D +). +Epigynum +light yellow, with an anteriorly situated hood and a pair of lateral grooves; copulatory openings posteriorly situated; copulatory ducts slender, twisted, translucent anteriorly; spermathecae small, globular. + + +Variation. +Total length: +♀ +4.40–4.50 (n=2). + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212070FFCDFF7BFF56FD1E2E4D.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212070FFCDFF7BFF56FD1E2E4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..77291a9f4da --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212070FFCDFF7BFF56FD1E2E4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Loxobates minor +Ono, 2001 + + + + + + + + + + +Loxobates minor +Ono, 2001: 207 + + +, figs 6–8, +♂ +; + + +Tang +et al. +2008: 244 + + +, figs 16–28, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +1 ♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Anogeissus acuminata +plantation + +( +N21º53.993' +, +E101º16.810' +, + +611 m + +), + +19 August 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Fogging +RZIV +, Zheng_sp635) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Garbage +dump, +Secondary +tropical forest ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +23 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.20) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Tropical +evergreen rainforest ( +N21º55.139' +, +E101º16.295' +, + +523 m + +), + +30 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.35) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Bhutan +, +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212074FFCFFF7BF9A2FE332BE6.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212074FFCFFF7BF9A2FE332BE6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f2fb9715045 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA212074FFCFFF7BF9A2FE332BE6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,233 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Indoxysticus lumbricus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 10–12 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.555' +, +E101º16.860' +, + +615 m + +), + +29 November 2009 + +, +G. Tang +and +Z.Y. Yao +(Tang-Yao_No.32). + + + + + +Paratype +: + +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is taken from the Latin word + +lumbricus + +(earthworm), referring to the embolus earthworm-shaped, noun in apposition. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The general appearance of this new species is much similar to that of + +Indoxysticus minutus +(Tikader, 1960) + +. However, this species is different from + +Indoxysticus minutus + +by: the larger body size and the epigyne without transverse hood (cf. +Benjamin and Jaleel 2010: 162 +, figs 3–4, 8–15), and it is placed in this genus provisionally. + + + + +FIGURE 10. + +Indoxysticus lumbricus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 11. + +Indoxysticus lumbricus + + +sp. nov. + +, paratype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B +Epigynum +, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–C = 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.70. Prosoma 1.50 long, 1.65 wide; opisthosoma 2.20 long, 1.90 wide. Cephalothorax wider than long, dorsal shield of prosoma slightly convex, yellow, sides blackish brown, with long setae sparsely. Clypeus with 7 long setae and a large white marking. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.16; PME 0.05; PLE 0.14; AME–AME 0.25; AME–ALE 0.15; PME–PME 0.21; PME–PLE 0.40. MOA length 0.30 with front width 0.37 and back width 0.30. Clypeus height 0.19. Chelicerae blackish brown, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellow with grayish black spots and black annuli. Leg spination: femur I prolateral 1-1-1, I–IV dorsal 1-1; patella I–IV dorsal 1-1; tibia I–II dorsal 1-1, pro- and retrolateral 0-1, ventral 1(prolateral)-2; metatarsus I–II ventral 2-2-2. Leg formula: 2134; leg measurements: I: 5.60 (1.60, 2.10, 1.20, 0.70); II: 6.50 (1.90, 2.50, 1.30, 0.80); III: 4.75 (1.55, 1.70, 0.90, 0.60); IV: 4.55 (1.50, 1.60, 0.90, 0.55). Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with grayish black markings and white spots, dorsally also with long setae; sides grayish white, venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 10 B–D +, +12 A–B +). VTA digitiform, RTA longer than VTA, distally sharp; tegulum slightly swollen; embolus short, twisted. + + +Female +(one of the +paratypes +measured): Total length 4.10. Prosoma 1.75 long, 2.00 wide. Opisthosoma 2.50 long, 2.30 wide. Eye measurements: AME 0.05; ALE 0.11; PME 0.04; PLE 0.10; AME–AME 0.31; AME–ALE 0.23; PME–PME 0.26; PME–PLE 0.48. MOA length 0.36 with front width 0.41 and back width 0.34. Clypeus height 0.20. Legs yellow with red spots and black annuli. Spination: femur I prolateral 1-1-1, I–IV dorsal 1-1; patella I–IV dorsal 1-1; tibia I–II dorsal 1-1, ventral (prolateral) 1-1-1; metatarsus I–II ventral 2-2-2. Leg formula: 2134; leg measurements: I: 6.00 (1.80, 2.30, 1.15, 0.75); II: 7.10 (2.30, 2.60, 1.30, 0.90); III: 5.45 (1.85, 2.00, 1.00, 0.60); IV: 5.20 (1.70, 1.90, 1.00, 0.60). + + + +Epigynum + +( +Figs 11 B–C +, +12 C–D +). Copulatory openings small, visible; copulatory duct short, copulatory chamber wider than spermatheca; spermatheca twisted. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + +Remarks. +This species is similar to + +Haplotmarus plumatilis + +Simon, +1909 + + +in general appearance but differ greatly in genital organs. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC5FF7BFAF6FDBF2A72.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC5FF7BFAF6FDBF2A72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..601dca55718 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC5FF7BFAF6FDBF2A72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Massuria ovalis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 20−21 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º54.813' +, +E101º12.634' +, + +876 m + +), + +5 August 2007 + +(Fogging-CBIV, Zheng_sp1293). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name comes from the Latin word + +ovalis + +(egg-shaped), referring to the tegulum eggshaped, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species is similar to + +M. sreepanchamii +(Tikader, 1962) + +in the tibial apophyses, but can be distinguished by the short embolus (slender in + +M. sreepanchamii + +). + + + + +Description. +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.30. Prosoma 1.50 long, 1.50 wide; opisthosoma 1.90 long, 1.80 wide. Prosoma light brown with short setae. Eye tubercles white. Eye measurements: AME 0.06; ALE 0.08; PME 0.04; PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.16; AME–ALE 0.12; PME–PME 0.20; PME–PLE 0.23. MOA length 0.26 with front width 0.26 and back width 0.26. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellow, femur I with 4 prolateral spines, femora I, II with 3 and 4 dorsal spines, respectively; tibiae, metatarsi I, II with 2 and 3 pairs thick, short ventral spines, respectively. Leg measurements: I: 4.80 (1.50, 1.80, 0.90, 0.60); II: 5.00 (1.50, 1.80, 1.00, 0.70); III: 2.55 (0.70, 1.00, 0.45, 0.40); IV: 2.70 (0.85, 1.00, 0.50, 0.35), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow with short setae, venter yellow. + + + +FIGURE 18. + +Massuria bandian + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A Habitus, dorsal; B–D Palp (B Prolateral, C Ventral, D Retrolateral). Scale bars: A = 1.0 mm; B–D = 0.1 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 19. + +Massuria bandian + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype from Xishuangbanna. A–B Palp (A Ventral, B Retrolateral). Scale bar: A–B = 0.1 mm. + + + +Palp +( +Figs 20 B–D +, +21 A–B +). VTA digitiform; ITA cone-shaped, closely set with RTA basally; RTA long, finger-shaped; tegulum flat, embolus originating from 9-o’clock position. + + +Female: +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC7FF7BFDF7FDBF2953.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC7FF7BFDF7FDBF2953.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f372b294e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC7FF7BFDF7FDBF2953.xml @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Massuria bandian + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 18−19 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Secondary +tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest ( +N21º54.813' +, +E101º12.634' +, + +876 m + +), + +5 August 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(Fogging-CBIV). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name formed from the Chinese words for marking (bān) and dot or spot (diăn), refers to the dorsal shield of prosoma with spots. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the absence of ITA. + + + + +Description. +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.50. Prosoma 1.50 long, 1.70 wide; opisthosoma 2.00 long, 1.80 wide. Prosoma dorsally flat, yellow, with long setae and gray spots. Eye tubercles grayish white. Eye measurements: AME 0.04; ALE 0.10; PME 0.05; PLE 0.07; AME–AME 0.15; AME–ALE 0.08; PME–PME 0.12; PME– PLE 0.22. MOA length 0.26 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.23. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum light brown. Legs yellow, femur I with 4 prolateral spines, femora I, II with 4, 5 dorsal spines, respectively; tibiae, metatarsi I, II with 2 and 3 pairs of ventral spines, respectively. Leg measurements: I: 8.40 (2.50, 3.00, 1.90, 1.00); II: 8.20 (2.50, 2.90, 1.80, 1.00); III: 4.20 (1.40, 1.60, 0.80, 0.40); IV: 4.15 (1.35, 1.60, 0.80, 0.40), leg formula: 1234. Opisthosoma dorsally light yellow with long setae, venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 18 B–D +, +19 A–B +). VTA digitiform, sharp distally; RTA finger-like; tegulum flat, embolus long. + + +Female +: Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC7FF7BFF5FFD5B2D9C.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC7FF7BFF5FFD5B2D9C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..363908f5b94 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207AFFC7FF7BFF5FFD5B2D9C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Lysiteles minusculus +Song and Chai, 1990 + + + + + + + + + + +Lysiteles minusculus +Song and Chai, 1990: 369 + + +, figs 6A−C, +♂ +; + +Tang and Li 2010: 37 + +, figs 28A−D, 29A−C, 30A−D, +♂ +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +1 ♀ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, + +Paramichelia baillonii +plantation + +(about 20 years old, +N21º54.772' +, +E101º16.043' +, + +556 m + +), + +1−15 June 2007 + +, +G. Zheng +(trunk-traps RZI-1-10, Zheng_sp32) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Hubei +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207DFFC0FF7BFF1FFDBF2F23.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207DFFC0FF7BFF1FFDBF2F23.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f16c89f675 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207DFFC0FF7BFF1FFDBF2F23.xml @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Lycopus tabulatus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 16–17 + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: + +♂ +, + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan + +: + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +Bamboo +plantations near +G213 +roadside ( +N21º54.380' +, +E101º16.815' +, + +627 m + +), + +22 November 2009 + +, +G +. Tang and +Z +. +Y +. Yao (Tang-Yao_No.19). + + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is taken from the Latin word + +tabulatus + +(boarded, paneled), referring to the shape of long RTA, adjective. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species can be distinguished from + +L. primus + +and + +L. longissimus + +by the different shapes of VTA and RTA. + + + + + +Description. +Male + +( +holotype +measured): Total length 3.60. Prosoma 1.60 long, 1.35 wide; opisthosoma 2.10 long, 1.00 wide. Prosoma greenish yellow without markings. Eye tubercles grayish black. Eye measurements: AME 0.07; ALE 0.10; PME 0.05; PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.12; AME–ALE 0.14; PME–PME 0.18; PME–PLE 0.30. MOA length 0.26 with front width 0.24 and back width 0.28. Chelicerae, gnathocoxae, labium and sternum yellow. Legs yellowish brown, metatarsi and the distal of tibiae of I, II reddish brown. Leg measurements: I: 6.45 (1.85, 2.30, 1.50, 0.80); II: 6.50 (1.90,.2.30, 1.50, 0.80); III: 3.25 (1.00, 1.20, 0.60, 0.45); IV: 3.60 (1.20, 1.20, 0.70, 0.50), leg formula: 2143. Opisthosoma dorsally yellow, venter yellow. + + +Palp +( +Figs 16 B–D +, +17 A–B +). VTA sharp distally; RTA long, distally wide; tegulum swollen slightly; embolus slender. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207EFFC3FF7BFA86FD1E2A39.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207EFFC3FF7BFA86FD1E2A39.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..af39b0be1e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DA21207EFFC3FF7BFA86FD1E2A39.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703 + + + +Author + +Tang, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-12-03 + + +2703 + + +1 +105 + + + +journal article +1175­5334 + + + + + + + +Lycopus primus +Tang and +Li, 2009 + + + + + + + + + + +Lycopus primus +Tang and Li, 2009a: 51 + + +, figs 4A–D, 5A–C, 6 + +A +– +E +, +♂ + +. + + + + + +Material examined. + + +CHINA +: + +Yunnan +: + + +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Menglun Town +, +Menglun Nature Reserve +, +G +. +Tang +and +Z +. +Y +. +Yao +: +4 ♀ +, + +Lvshilin Forest +Park + +, +Limestone +tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.600' +, +E101º17.084' +, + +640 m + +), + +17 November 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.12); +1 ♀ +, +Lvshilin Forest +Park, Limestone tropical seasonal rain forest ( +N21º54.614' +, +E101º16.880' +, + +642 m + +), + +4 December 2009 + +(Tang-Yao_No.42) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Hainan +, +Yunnan +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/DA/1605DAAA0A312F998DCE55A1D4BC1E15.xml b/data/16/05/DA/1605DAAA0A312F998DCE55A1D4BC1E15.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d77a7b536a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/DA/1605DAAA0A312F998DCE55A1D4BC1E15.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Asclepias gigantea +, +spec. nov. + + + + +2. Asclepias foliis, amplexicaulibus oblongo-ovalibus. +Fl. zeyl. 112. + + +Apocynum erectum majus latifolium indicum. +Pluk. alm. 35. t.175. f.3. + + +Beid el ossar. +Alp. aegypt. 85. t. 86. + + +Ericu. +Rheed. mal. 2. p. 53. t. 31. Seb. thes. 1. p.41. t.26. f.1. + + + + +Habitat in +India +, +AEgypto +. ♃ + + + + +Nectaria promunt non cornicula subulata, sed laminas solidas conniventes. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/05/FC/1605FC9DF375B3FDF4ACBAA7D70BBD4B.xml b/data/16/05/FC/1605FC9DF375B3FDF4ACBAA7D70BBD4B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d3b7ca7e4fb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/05/FC/1605FC9DF375B3FDF4ACBAA7D70BBD4B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Brassicaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +480 +566 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Draba hoppeana +Rchb. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: +Aehnlich +wie + +D. aizoides + +, aber nur + +1-3 cm +hoch, +Blaetter +nicht +ueber +1 cm +lang, +Kronblaetter +nur +3-4 mm +, +Fruechte +nur +3,5-5 mm + +, Fruchtstiele +1,5-2 mm +, Griffel +hoechstens +1 mm +lang. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 7-8 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Kalkhaltiger Feinschutt, +Schneetaelchen +/ alpin / AS + + + +Verbreitung global: Alpin + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl Lsehr hellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl Talpin und nival (von der Baumgrenze bis zur Schneegrenze)
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K + +subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, +maessige +Temperaturschwankungen und +maessig +tiefe Wintertemperaturen) +
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Hoppes +Felsenbluemchen + +, + +Hoppes +Hungerbluemchen + +Nom +francais +: +Drave de Hoppe +Nome italiano: + +Draba di Hoppe + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/06/07/160607D4388C1C106D2C2CCEBA49C658.xml b/data/16/06/07/160607D4388C1C106D2C2CCEBA49C658.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..245252b6db0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/06/07/160607D4388C1C106D2C2CCEBA49C658.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +A catalogue of the scutigeromorph centipedes in the Museum fuer Naturkunde, Berlin + + + +Author + +Dunlop, Jason A. + + + +Author + +Friederichs, Anja + + + +Author + +Langermann, Jasmin + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2017 + +93 + + +2 + + +281 +295 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.12882 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.12882 +1860-0743-2-281 +76CB39EE6E924B79BEA2920982308F2A + + + + +dahli Verhoeff, 1904 + + + + +Parascutigera dahli +Verhoeff, 1904 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype, ♀, ZMB 3840 / 3840 +a-k +(Verhoeff slide nrs 2824-2834); "Ralum, Bismark-Archipel" [Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea]; leg. F. Dahl. + + + +Present name. + +Parascutigera dahli +Verhoeff, 1904. + + + +Remarks. + +The collector was Friedrich Dahl (1856-1929), a former curator of arachnids in Berlin who collected extensively in the Bismark Archipelago in 1895-1896 as part of the 'Ralum +project' +before taking up his post in the Berlin museum. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/06/80/160680D50993953BB7CB61A1FDE30E2E.xml b/data/16/06/80/160680D50993953BB7CB61A1FDE30E2E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69b3297603c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/06/80/160680D50993953BB7CB61A1FDE30E2E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Order Primates + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +111 +184 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + +Alouattinae Trouessart 1897 + + + + + + +Alouattinae +Trouessart 1897 + +, +Cat. Mamm. Viv. Foss.: 32 + +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Mycetinae +Gray 1825 + +. + + + + +Genera: +1 genus with 9 species: + + +Genus + +Alouatta +Lacépède 1799 + +(9 species with 7 subspecies) + + + + +Discussion: + +Groves (2001 +c +) + +used Mycetinae, but had overlooked the fact that +Simpson (1945) +had replaced Mycetinae with +Alouattinae +: see Brandon-Jones and +Groves (2003) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/06/87/160687B2DB78FF8411F91169902CFB67.xml b/data/16/06/87/160687B2DB78FF8411F91169902CFB67.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ac09b66741 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/06/87/160687B2DB78FF8411F91169902CFB67.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +Phascolarctida + + + +Author + +Russell A. Mittermeier + + + +Author + +Don E. Wilson + +text + + +2015 +2015-06-30 +Lynx Edicions + +Barcelona + + + +Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 5 Monotremes and Marsupials + + + +400 +417 + + + +book chapter +74755 +10.5281/zenodo.6657600 +aa38cd0d-0293-4089-b315-b08a502e4a0f +978-84-96553-99-6 +6657600 + + + +Koala + + + +Phascolarctos cinereus + + + +French: Koala / German: Koala / Spanish: Koala +Other common names: Koala Bear, Monkey Bear, Native Bear + + + +Taxonomy. +Lipurus cinereus Goldfuss, 1817 +, +New South Wales, Australia. + + + +This species has historically included three subspecies: adustus from Queensland, nominate cinereus from New South Wales, and victor from Victoria and South Australia. An assessment of the mtDNA variation confirmed that geographically distinct populations represented a single evolutionary significant unit and that morphological differences may be better interpreted as clinal variation and not subspecific. Monotypic. + + + + +Distribution. +E & SE Australia, widespread but somewhat patchy distribution from near Cairns in N Queensland down E Australia through New South Wales, Victoria, and across to SE South Australia. Introduced in various Is of Queensland and Victoria, and in several localities of South Australia. + + + + + +Descriptive notes. +Head-body 67-82 cm (males) and 65-73 cm (females); weight 4-2— 14-9 kg (males) and 4.1-11 kg (females). Koalas are large and arboreal, with vestigial tails and woolly fur. They show strong sexual dimorphism in body size and weight, and significant differences in size and weight occurs between smaller Queensland Koalas and the larger Victorian and South Australian Koalas. They have white ventral fur throughout their distribution. Individuals to the north have relatively shorter pale gray fur on their backs; those to the south have longer, gray-brown fur. + + + + +Habitat. +Wet and dry sclerophyll forests in eastern Australia. Throughout this distribution, Koalas occur in forests and woodlands dominated by different species of eucalypt trees. + + + + +Food and Feeding. +Koalas are arboreal folivores and highly selective browsers that consume almost exclusively leaves oftrees ofthe genus +Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) +, primarily upon species of the subgenus genus Symphyomyrtus, with c.400 species. Of the 600 or more species in the genus Fucalyptus ( +Myrtaceae +) in Australia, the Koala has been observed feeding on orsitting in only 120 species of trees. About 20 of these can be considered primary food sources. Koalas have also been observed in or feeding on fewer than 30 non-eucalypt species, including +Acacia (Fabaceae) +, +Allocasuarina (Casuarinaceae) +, +Banksia (Proteaceae) +, +Callitris (Cupressaceae) +, +Hakea (Proteaceae) +, +Leptospermum +, and +Melaleuca +(both +Myrtaceae +). The typical foliage consumed by Koalas consists of 55% water, 15% fiber, 13% tannins and fiber, 7% starch, 6% lipids, and 4% protein. High fiber content of eucalypt foliage fills the stomach quickly and reduces the amount of food that can be consumed, and it has little nutritional value. + + + + +Breeding. +Koalas have a distinct breeding season in September-May, with a peak of births in November—March. Females generally become sexually mature at c.24 months of age. Male Koalas are sexually mature at c.18 months of age but are typically prevented from gaining access to females by older, larger males until they reach their peak weight at c.4 years of age. Mating induces ovulation in female Koalas. The female gives birth to a single offspring (rarely twins) after a gestation of 34-36 days. If the female loses her single pouch young, she apparently cannot mate again and produce another young in the same breeding season. Young first emerge from the pouch at c¢.6 months of age, at which time the transition from the mother’s milk to eucalypt leaves begins. + + + + +Activity patterns. +Koalas are typically inactive 18-20 hours/day and are largely nocturnal. In warm weather, Koalas can often be found reclining against a branch or lying on their stomach or even sometimes their back, with their arms extended on either side of the branch to increase heat loss. In the height of summer, Koalas will come down to the ground to seek shade. + + + + +Movements, Home range and Social organization. +Koalas are largely solitary, spending c.86% oftheir time alone during the breeding season and up to 93% of the non-breeding season alone, although females may have a single offspring with them. The home ranges of males and females are similar but typically vary greatly between localities. They can range in size from less than c.1 ha to more than 300 ha but are most often 1-10 ha. + + + + +Status and Conservation. +Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The conservation status of the Koala is listed as Least Concern because ofits wide distribution and presumably large overall population and because it is thought not to be declining at the rate required to qualify for listing in a threatened category. Historically, Koalas had a largely continuous distribution; however,as a result of habitat loss, drought, hunting, and disease, Koala populations rapidly declined and by the 1930s, they were present in less than 50% of their previous distribution. They have since returned to some parts of their former distribution through natural recovery in Queensland and active reintroduction programs from island populations in Victoria and South Australia. Their recovery has not been complete, however, because their geographical distribution has contracted significantly since European settlement. For example, in Queensland, the extent of Koala occurrence and area of occupancy is estimated to have contracted by c.30%, and much of New South Walesstill has only sparse populations. In New South Wales, Koalas are uncommon in most locations but are relatively common in the Pilliga region in the north of the State. In Victoria, they are common throughout most of the State, which has resulted in their being overly abundant in many locations. The Koala became extinct in South Australia by 1920, but it was subsequently reintroduced there. As part of the recovery process, the Koala has been introduced into areas where it was not recorded historically. Koalas were introduced on Kangaroo Island in 1923-1925 when 18 individuals were transferred from French Island, Victoria. They have also been introduced in Adelaide and Mount Lofty ranges, Eyre Peninsula, and the Riverland in South Australia. Although these re-established populations in Victoria and South Australia may be considered a success, there have been problems, including over browsing and a loss of genetic diversity that has resulted in inbreeding depression. Koalas have also been introduced, or in several cases have naturally migrated, to various islands off the coast of eastern and southern Australia. Adjacent to the state of Queensland, they have occurred on Magnetic, Newry, Rabbit, Brampton, Saint Bees, Quion, Fraser, Bribie, North Stradbroke, and Coochiemudlo islands. Of these, they are no longer thought to occur on Quion, Fraser, and Bribie islands. Hallstrom Island off the coast of New South Wales had introduced Koalas, but they no longer occur there. Three Hummock Island off the northern coast of Tasmania also had an unsuccessful introduction of Koalas. They have been introduced to variousislands off the coast of Victoria, including French, Phillip, Churchill, Quail, Chinaman, Snake, Saint Margaret, Raymond, and Rotamah. Of these islands, they no longer occur on Quail and Chinaman. + + + + +Bibliography. +Adams-Hosking et al. (2011), Archer et al. (1991), Cork (1987, 1995), Cork & Hume (1983), Cork & Sanson (1991), Cork & Warner (1983), Cristescu et al. (2009), DECC (2008a), Degabriele & Dawson (1979), Ellis et al. (2002), Fowler (1993), Gordon (1996), Gordon & Hrdina (2005), Gordon, Brown & Pulsford (1988), Gordon, Hrdina & Patterson (2006), Gordon, Menkhorst et al. (2008), Hasegawa (1995), Houlden, Costello et al. (1999), Houlden, England et al. (1996), Hrdina & Gordon (2004), Hume & Esson (1993), Jackson (2003c, 2007), Jackson & Groves (2015), Johnson et al. (2009), Krockenberger (2003), Lanyon & Sanson (1986), Lawler et al. (1999), Lee & Carrick (1989), Lee & Martin (1988), Lee et al. (1991), Logan (2001), Logan & Sanson (20024, 2002b, 2002c, 2003), Long et al. (2002), Lyons et al. (2001), Mackenzie & Owen (1919), Martin (1981), Martin & Handasyde (1991, 1999), Martin & Lee (1984), Martin et al. (2008), Maxwell et al. (1996), McLean & Handasyde (2006), Melzer (1994), Melzer & Houston (2001), Menkhorst (1995b, 2008c), Mitchell (1991), Moore & Foley (2000, 2005), Munks et al. (1996), Nagy & Martin (1985), NRMMC (2009), Pahl & Hume (1991), Phillips (1990), Reed & Lunney (1990), Salamon & Davies (1998), Seymour et al. (2001), Smith, M.T.A. (1979a, 1979b, 19804, 1980b, 1980c, 1980d), Tyndale-Biscoe (2005a), U Nyo Tun (1993), Ullrey et al. (1981), Wilmer et al. (1993), Zoidis & Markowitz (1992). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/06/87/160687B2DB79FF86134E1A7E91BEFAD9.xml b/data/16/06/87/160687B2DB79FF86134E1A7E91BEFAD9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f2fd86d647 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/06/87/160687B2DB79FF86134E1A7E91BEFAD9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Phascolarctida + + + +Author + +Russell A. Mittermeier + + + +Author + +Don E. Wilson + +text + + +2015 +2015-06-30 +Lynx Edicions + +Barcelona + + + +Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 5 Monotremes and Marsupials + + + +400 +417 + + + +book chapter +74755 +10.5281/zenodo.6657600 +aa38cd0d-0293-4089-b315-b08a502e4a0f +978-84-96553-99-6 +6657600 + + + + +Family +PHASCOLARCTIDAE + + + +(KOALA) + + +• Medium-sized, sexually dimorphic, largely arboreal marsupial, with short, stocky body and square, box-like skull; fused digits (syndactylous); large and flattened bare nose; and forward-facing eyes. + +• 65-80 cm. + + +• Australasian Region. + +• Open sclerophyll forests and woodlands with acceptable eucalypt food trees. +• 1 genus, 1 species, 1 taxon. +• No species threatened; none Extinct since 1600. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/6C/16076CBDAC43CEF0188BB858B2D98B9D.xml b/data/16/07/6C/16076CBDAC43CEF0188BB858B2D98B9D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..415f0cc98aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/6C/16076CBDAC43CEF0188BB858B2D98B9D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ + + + +Chenopodiaceae + + + +Author + +Kuehn, U. + +text + + +1993 +Springer-Verlag + +Berlin, Heidelberg + + + + +Editor + +Kubitzki, K. + + + +Editor + +Rohwer, J. G. + + + +Editor + +Bittrich, V. + + +The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants 2 + + + +253 +281 + + + + +http://un.availab.le + +book chapter +3540555099 + + + + +33. +Enchylaena R. Br. + + + + + + + +Enchylaena R. Br. +, Prodr.: 407 (1810) + + + + + + +Shrubs. Flowers bisexual, solitary, axillary; perianth 5-lobed, connate almost to the apex; fruiting perianth succulent, red, with an inner cartilaginous layer, often with 5 small apical tepaline lobes or minute wings, divided opposite the radicle by a deep slit; stamens 5; stigmas 2. Pericarp membranous; seeds horizontal; embryo subannular; radicle centrifugal; perisperm abundant. Two spp., Australia. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF94B5134BB5FF31FABD5283.xml b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF94B5134BB5FF31FABD5283.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2e9fe2c4e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF94B5134BB5FF31FABD5283.xml @@ -0,0 +1,291 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic position of Aerumnosa Mohrig (Diptera, Sciaridae) as revealed by multigene analysis, with the description of four new Oriental species + + + +Author + +Vilkamaa, Pekka + + + +Author + +Rudzinski, Hans-Georg + + + +Author + +Burdíková, Nikola + + + +Author + +Ševčík, Jan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-21 + + +4399 + + +2 + + +248 +260 + + + +journal article +30451 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.8 +32f9324a-cfcc-4398-a7f6-b81474b86d3f +1175-5326 +1206626 +91229737-BC74-4E7C-A32B-51DFEC35CCDE + + + + + + + +Aerumnosa horrifica + +sp. n. + + + + +( +FigS 1 A, B, D +, +3 B–D +) + + + + + + +Material +studied. +Holotype +male. + +BRUNEI +, +Temburong +, + +Ulu +Temburong + +N.P., +Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre +, primary lowland rainforest, +Malaise trap +, + +7–17.I.2014 + +, +J. Ševčík +& +D. Kaspřák +(in +UBDC +) + +. + + +Paratypes + +. +Same +locality and habitat as +holotype +but + +27.I–17.II.2015 + +, +D. Kaspřák +& +M. Mantič +, +1 male +(in +JSL-UOC +) + +; + +Labu Forest +Reserve, peat swamp forest, +Malaise trap +, + +1–15.II.2015 + +, +D. Kaspřák +& +M. Mantič +, +3 males +(in +JSL-UOC +, +MZH +and +UBDC +) + +, + +1 female +(in +JSL-UOC +, in alcohol); +THAILAND +, + +Nakhon +Si Thammarat + +, +Namtok Yong +N.P., +8°10.434’N +, +9°44.508’E +, + +80 m + +, behind campground lavatory, +Malaise trap +, + +26.VIII–2.IX.2008 + +, K. U-Prai, +1 male +(in +QSBG +) + +; + +same data but + +2–9.IX.2008 + +, +1 male +, +1 female +(in +MZH +) + +. + + + + +Description. +Male. +Head +. Brown, antenna concolorouS with face, maxillary palpuS Very pale brown. Eye bridge 2– 4 facetS wide, medially conStricted and without facetS. Face with 8–14 Setae. ClypeuS non-SetoSe. MouthpartS Strongly reduced. Maxillary palpuS ( +Fig. 3 C +) with one Segment in two partS Separated by a Suture, baSal part (1St Segment) with 2–3 Sharp Setae and a large dorSal patch of SenSilla, apical part (2nd Segment) with 5–8 Short truncate SenSilla. Antenna Short, body of 4th antennal flagellomere ( +Fig. 3 B +) 1.5–2.35x aS long aS wide, the longeSt Setae longer than the width of flagellomere, neck Shorter than broad. +Thorax +. UnicolorouS dark brown or apical part of Scutum darker, Setae pale. Anterior pronotum with 1 Seta or non-SetoSe. ProepiSternum with 4–8 Setae or non- SetoSe. Scutellum with 4 moderately long and many Short Setae. +Wing +( +Fig. 1 A +). FumoSe brown, darker around fore VeinS. Length +2.8–3.2 mm +. Width/length 0.45–0.50. Anal lobe rather large. VeinS diStinct, eSpecially CuA. R1/ R 0.7–0.9. c/ +w 0.7 +–0.9. bM much Shorter than r-m, StM aS long aS fork of M or longer. StCu aS long aS bM or longer. R4+5 with Some Ventral Setae, M, CuA, bM and StCuA non-SetoSe, r-m with 2–7 Setae. Haltere pale brown, Stem Short. +Legs +. Brown. Coxal Setae pale. Tibiae without SpinoSe Setae. Fore tibial organ with large patch of dark Setae in Shallow depreSSion. Fore tibial Spur aS long aS tibial width. +Abdomen +. Brown, Setae dark, long and rather fine. +Hypopygium, +Fig. 3 D +. Brown, darker than abdomen, broad. Gonocoxa aS long aS gonoStyluS. Gonocoxae fuSed, the intercoxal area long, baSomedially without intercoxal lobe, baSal Sclerotized rim of hypopygium extended apicad medially, Ventromedial marginS diStinct, of Shallow V-Shape; gonocoxa SparSely SetoSe, Setae Short at medial margin; Ventroapically produced in a lobe, apicoVentral Seta not differentiated. GonoStyluS elongated, Strongly impreSSed medially, with elongated Setae baSomedially, with a Very large apical tooth with apical channel inSide; with median lobe with 7–8 megaSetae, megaSetae Slightly curVed and hyalinouS; dorSal margin medially produced, with baSal lobe. Tegmen longer than broad, narrowed towardS apex, apically hyalinouS, laterally Strongly Sclerotized, with two Subapical Sclerotized StripeS, aedeagal teeth Very Small, in groupS. Aedeagal apodeme Small. + + +Female. +Larger than male, wing length about +4 mm +. Eye bridge complete, with 4–5 rowS of facetS. Length/ width of body of 4th antennal flagellomere 1.70. Face and clypeuS nearly fuSed, face with 37 Setae, clypeuS with 4 Setae. Maxillary palpuS with one Segment, with 11 Sharp Setae, with SenSilla Scattered among microtrichia. + + + + +Etymology. +The name iS Latin, + +horrifica + +, terrible, referring to the frighteningly large apical tooth of the gonoStyluS. + + +DNA sequences. +DNA SequenceS of 16S, 18S, 28S and COI regionS taken from a paratype from Brunei are depoSited in the GenBank. Their acceSSion numberS are proVided in +Table 2 +. There iS juSt 94 % congruence in the barcode COI Sequence between the material from Thailand and from Brunei. AS we haVe not found any morphological difference of importance we conSider thiS aS a mere intraSpecific Variation. + + + + +Discussion. + +Aerumnosa horrifica + + +sp. n +. + +reSembleS + +A. bituberculata + +, + +A. noctinigra + +and + +A. perfida + +in haVing only one apical tooth in itS gonoStyluS whereaS other SpecieS of the genuS haVe two apical teeth. + +Aerumnosa horrifica + +differS from the other SpecieS in haVing itS apical tooth enormouS, nearly aS long aS the gonoStyluS. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF94B51C4BB5F944FD3057F8.xml b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF94B51C4BB5F944FD3057F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b130fd965de --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF94B51C4BB5F944FD3057F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic position of Aerumnosa Mohrig (Diptera, Sciaridae) as revealed by multigene analysis, with the description of four new Oriental species + + + +Author + +Vilkamaa, Pekka + + + +Author + +Rudzinski, Hans-Georg + + + +Author + +Burdíková, Nikola + + + +Author + +Ševčík, Jan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-21 + + +4399 + + +2 + + +248 +260 + + + +journal article +30451 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.8 +32f9324a-cfcc-4398-a7f6-b81474b86d3f +1175-5326 +1206626 +91229737-BC74-4E7C-A32B-51DFEC35CCDE + + + + + + + +Aerumnosa impar + +sp. n. + + + + +( +Fig. 3 A +) + + + + + + +Material +studied. +Holotype +male + +. +MALAYSIA +, +Sabah +, +Bukit Monkobo +, +5°48’N +, +116°58’E +, + +900 m + +, +Malaise trap +, + +7– 13.VIII.1987 + +, +A.H. Kirk-Spriggs +(in +NMW +). + + + + + +Description. +Male. +Head +. Brown, antenna Slightly paler than face, maxillary palpuS Very pale brown. Eye bridge 3 facetS wide, medially without facetS. Face with 8 Setae. ClypeuS non-SetoSe. MouthpartS Strongly reduced. + + +Maxillary palpuS with one Segment in two partS Separated by a Suture, baSal part (1St Segment) with 4 Sharp Setae and a large dorSal patch of SenSilla, apical part (2nd Segment) with 8 truncate SenSilla. Antenna Short, body of 4th antennal flagellomere 1.9x aS long aS wide, the longeSt Setae Shorter, aS long aS the width of flagellomere, neck Shorter than broad. +Thorax +. UnicolorouS dark brown, Setae dark. Anterior pronotum with 4 Setae. ProepiSternum with 8 Setae. Scutellum with 4 moderately long and many Short Setae. +Wing +. FumoSe brown, darker around fore VeinS. Length +3.4 mm +. WingS in poor condition in the Specimen Studied. Anal lobe rather large. VeinS diStinct, eSpecially CuA. r-m much longer than bM. StCuA longer than bM. R4+5 with Some Ventral Setae, M, CuA, bM and StCuA non-SetoSe, r-m with 6 Setae. Haltere pale brown, Stem Short. +Legs +. Brown. Coxal Setae dark. Tibiae without SpinoSe Setae. Fore tibial organ with large patch of dark Setae in Shallow depreSSion. Fore tibial Spur Shorter than tibial width. +Abdomen +. Brown, Setae dark, long and rather fine. +Hypopygium, +Fig. 3 A +. Brown, aS abdomen, broad. Gonocoxa aS long aS gonoStyluS. Gonocoxae fuSed, the intercoxal area long, baSomedially without intercoxal lobe, apically with medial darker area, baSal Sclerotized rim of hypopygium broken medially, Ventromedial marginS of gonocoxa diStinct, of Shallow u-Shape; gonocoxa moderately SetoSe, Setae Short and narrow at medial margin; intercoxal area Ventroapically not produced in a lobe, apicoVentral Seta not differentiated. GonoStyluS tumid, Subquadrangular, impreSSed medially, with Some elongated Ventral Setae, with two apical teeth with apical channel inSide; the apicalmoSt megaSeta perpendicular, the baSalmoSt one parallel with the meSial margin of gonoStyluS, with 5 Subapical megaSetae near the apical tooth, megaSetae Slightly curVed and hyalinouS. Tegmen longer than wide, narrowed towardS apex, apically hyalinouS, Subapically and laterally Strongly Sclerotized, with two Subapical Sclerotized StripeS, aedeagal teeth not detectable in the Specimen Studied. Aedeagal apodeme indiStinct. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + +Etymology. +The name iS Latin, + +impar + +, uneVen, referring to the highly diVergent apical teeth of the gonoStyluS. + + + + +Discussion. + +Aerumnosa impar + + +sp. n +. + +differS from all the other SpecieS of the genuS with two gonoStylar teeth in haVing the teeth Strongly diVergent, not Subparallel. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF96B5114BB5FC9EFB0053FB.xml b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF96B5114BB5FC9EFB0053FB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4dff8c97285 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF96B5114BB5FC9EFB0053FB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic position of Aerumnosa Mohrig (Diptera, Sciaridae) as revealed by multigene analysis, with the description of four new Oriental species + + + +Author + +Vilkamaa, Pekka + + + +Author + +Rudzinski, Hans-Georg + + + +Author + +Burdíková, Nikola + + + +Author + +Ševčík, Jan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-21 + + +4399 + + +2 + + +248 +260 + + + +journal article +30451 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.8 +32f9324a-cfcc-4398-a7f6-b81474b86d3f +1175-5326 +1206626 +91229737-BC74-4E7C-A32B-51DFEC35CCDE + + + + + + + +Aerumnosa gemmifera + +sp. n. + + + + +( +Fig. 2 B and C +) + + + + + + +Material +studied. +Holotype +male + +. +MALAYSIA +, +Sabah +, +Poring +, + +VIII.1999 + +, +N. Laurenne +(in +MZH +). + + + + + +Description. +Male. +Head +. Brown, antenna concolorouS with face, maxillary palpuS Very pale brown. Eye bridge complete, 3–4 facetS wide. Face with 13 Setae. ClypeuS with 1 Seta. MouthpartS Strongly reduced. Maxillary palpuS ( +Fig. 2 B +) with large 1St Segment and a reduced 2nd Segment; 1St Segment with 8 Sharp Setae and a large dorSal patch of SenSilla, 2nd Segment with 7 Short truncate SenSilla. Antenna Short, body of 4th antennal flagellomere 1.85x aS long aS wide, the longeSt Setae Shorter than the width of flagellomere, neck Shorter than broad. +Thorax +. UnicolorouS dark brown, Setae dark. Anterior pronotum with 5 Setae. ProepiSternum with 10 Setae. Scutellum with 4 moderately long and many Short Setae. +Wing +. FumoSe brown, darker around fore VeinS. Length +3.1 mm +. Width/ length 0.45. Anal lobe rather large. VeinS diStinct, eSpecially CuA. R1/R 1.4. c/ +w 0.65 +. bM and r-m Subequal in length, StM longer than fork of M. StCuA Shorter than bM. R4+5 with Some Ventral Setae, M, CuA, bM and StCuA non-SetoSe, r-m with 5 Setae. Haltere pale brown, Stem Short. +Legs +. Brown. Coxal Setae dark. Tibiae without SpinoSe Setae. Fore tibial organ with large patch of dark Setae in Shallow depreSSion. Fore tibial Spur Shorter than tibial width. +Abdomen +. Brown, Setae dark, long and rather fine. +Hypopygium, +Fig. 2 C +. Brown, Slightly darker than abdomen, broad. Gonocoxa aS long aS gonoStyluS. Gonocoxae fuSed, the intercoxal area long, baSomedially without intercoxal lobe, apically with medial darker area, baSal Sclerotized rim of hypopygium broken medially, Ventromedial marginS of gonocoxa diStinct, of Shallow u-Shape; gonocoxa denSely SetoSe, Setae Short and narrow at medial margin; Ventroapically not produced in a lobe, apicoVentral Seta not differentiated. GonoStyluS tumid, broader than long, Strongly impreSSed medially, with elongated Setae Ventromedially, with two apical teeth with apical channel inSide; with 2+3 Subapical megaSetae, moStly coVered by a Ventromedial lobe, megaSetae Slightly curVed and hyalinouS. Tegmen longer than broad, narrowed towardS apex, apically hyalinouS, Subapically and laterally Strongly Sclerotized, with two Subapical Sclerotized StripeS, aedeagal teeth not detectable in the Specimen Studied. Aedeagal apodeme rather long, with apical fork. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + +Etymology. +The name iS Latin, + +gemmifera + +, bearing a bud, referring to the bud-like 2nd Segment of the maxillary palpuS. + + + + +Discussion. +In haVing a diStinct, although reduced 2nd Segment of the maxillary palpuS, + +Aerumnosa gemmifera + + +sp. n +. + +reSembleS + +A. noctinigra +Mohrig + +, but haS itS gonoStyluS quite different in haVing two long, not one Short, apical tooth. By itS gonoStyluS, + +A. gemmifera + +reSembleS + +A. furcillata +Mohrig + +, but haS the apical teeth of the gonoStyluS baSally oVerlapping in the Ventral View, a diStinct Ventromedial lobe on the gonoStyluS, and a narrower tegmen. Furthermore, + +A. gemmifera + +lackS the medial lobe of the gonocoxa, preSent in + +A. furcillata +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF97B5104BB5FDEEFA7350FB.xml b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF97B5104BB5FDEEFA7350FB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..361c0621a6c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF97B5104BB5FDEEFA7350FB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic position of Aerumnosa Mohrig (Diptera, Sciaridae) as revealed by multigene analysis, with the description of four new Oriental species + + + +Author + +Vilkamaa, Pekka + + + +Author + +Rudzinski, Hans-Georg + + + +Author + +Burdíková, Nikola + + + +Author + +Ševčík, Jan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-21 + + +4399 + + +2 + + +248 +260 + + + +journal article +30451 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.8 +32f9324a-cfcc-4398-a7f6-b81474b86d3f +1175-5326 +1206626 +91229737-BC74-4E7C-A32B-51DFEC35CCDE + + + + + + +Key to the species of + +Aerumnosa + + + + + + + + +1 Gonostylus with one apical tooth......................................................................... 2 + + +- Gonostylus with two apical teeth......................................................................... 5 + + + + + +2 Apical tooth of gonostylus small, about as long as gonostylar megasetae, maxillary palpus with small 2nd segment............................................................................................. + +A. noctinigra +Mohrig + + + + + +- Apical tooth of gonostylus larger, at least +2x +as long as gonostylar megasetae...................................... 3 + + + + + + +3 Gonostylus with two separate groups of megasetae.......................................... + +A. bituberculata + + +sp. n. + + + + +- Gonostylus with one group of megasetae................................................................... 4 + + + + + +4 Apical tooth of gonostylus nearly as long as gonostylus, megasetae placed at middle of gonostylus....... + +A. horrifica + + +sp. n. + + + + + +- Apical tooth of gonostylus about 1/5 of length of gonostylus, megasetae at base of gonostylus........... + +A. perfida +Mohrig + + + + + + +5 Hind wing veins setose................................................................................. 6 + + +- Hind wing veins non-setose............................................................................. 7 + + + + + +6. Gonostylus tumid, basalmost apical tooth shorter than width of gonostylus, the group of megasetae separated from basal body of basalmost apical tooth.............................................................. + +A. trichovenosa +Mohrig + + + + + +- Gonostylus narrowed towards apex, basalmost apical tooth about as long as width of gonostylus, the group of megasetae at base of basalmost apical tooth........................................................... + +A. rhinocerata +Mohrig + + + + + + + +7 Apical teeth of gonostylus divergent............................................................ + +A. impar + + +sp. n. + + + + +- Apical teeth of gonostylus subparallel..................................................................... 8 + + + + + +8. Maxillary palpus with small 2nd segment, apical teeth of gonostylus subequal in size................. + +A. gemmifera + + +sp. n. + + + + +- Maxillary palpus with one segment, apical teeth of gonostylus unequal in size..................................... 9 + + + + + +9. Basal apical tooth of gonostylus larger than apical one, tegmen subconical.......................... + +A. furcillata +Mohrig + + + + + +- Basal apical tooth of gonostylus smaller than apical one, tegmen triangular......................... + +A. nocturna +Mohrig + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF97B5114BB5FA22FEFB56E5.xml b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF97B5114BB5FA22FEFB56E5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..61afaf75ab9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/87/160787D4FF97B5114BB5FA22FEFB56E5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic position of Aerumnosa Mohrig (Diptera, Sciaridae) as revealed by multigene analysis, with the description of four new Oriental species + + + +Author + +Vilkamaa, Pekka + + + +Author + +Rudzinski, Hans-Georg + + + +Author + +Burdíková, Nikola + + + +Author + +Ševčík, Jan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-21 + + +4399 + + +2 + + +248 +260 + + + +journal article +30451 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.2.8 +32f9324a-cfcc-4398-a7f6-b81474b86d3f +1175-5326 +1206626 +91229737-BC74-4E7C-A32B-51DFEC35CCDE + + + + + + + +Aerumnosa bituberculata + +sp. n. + + + + +( +Fig. 2 A +) + + + + + + +Material +studied. +Holotype +male + +. +INDIA +, +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Etalin +, + +700 m + +, + +12–25.V.2012 + +, +L. Dembický +(in +MMBC +) + +. + + +Paratype + +. The same data as holotype (in +MMBC +) + +. + + + + +Description. +Male. +Head +. Brown, antenna concolorouS with face, maxillary palpuS Very pale brown. Eye bridge 2– 3 facetS wide, medially conStricted. Face with 6–7 Setae. ClypeuS non-SetoSe. MouthpartS Strongly reduced. Maxillary palpuS with one Segment in two partS Separated by a Suture, baSal part (1St Segment) with 3–4 Sharp Setae and a Small dorSal patch of SenSilla, apical part (2nd Segment) with 8 Short truncate SenSilla. Antenna broken in the Specimen Studied. Body of 3rd antennal flagellomere 1.2x aS long aS wide, the longeSt Setae longer than the width of flagellomere, neck Shorter than broad. +Thorax +. UnicolorouS dark brown, Setae pale. Anterior pronotum with 6 Setae. ProepiSternum with 3 Setae. Scutellum with 4 moderately long and many Short Setae. +Wing +. FumoSe brown, frontally darker. Length +3.3 mm +. Width/length 0.45. Anal lobe rather large. VeinS diStinct, eSpecially M and CuA. R1/R 1.0. c/ +w 0.80 +–0.85. bM much Shorter than r-m, StM longer than fork of M. StCuA aS long aS bM. R4+5 without Ventral Setae, M, CuA, bM and StCuA non-SetoSe, r-m with 4 Setae. Haltere pale brown, Stem Short. +Legs +. Brown. Coxal Setae pale. Tibiae without SpinoSe Setae. Fore tibial organ with large patch of dark Setae in Shallow depreSSion. Fore tibial Spur aS long aS tibial width. +Abdomen +. Brown, Setae dark, long and rather fine. + + +Hypopygium, +Fig. 2 A +. Brown, darker than abdomen, broad. Gonocoxa much Shorter than gonoStyluS. Gonocoxae fuSed, the intercoxal area long, baSomedially without intercoxal lobe but with a group of Setae; baSal Sclerotized rim of hypopygium extended apicad medially, Ventromedial margin of gonocoxa diStinct, of Shallow V-Shape, baSally with denSe and Short SetoSity, other partS of gonocoxa with SparSe SetoSity, Some Setae on the membrane, apicoVentral Seta poorly differentiated. GonoStyluS elongated, Subtriangular, Strongly impreSSed medially, with Short SetoSity, with large apical tooth with apical channel inSide; with a medial and a baSoVentral lobe, lobeS with 4–7 megaSetae, megaSetae Slightly curVed; with 2 long Setae apicad of the medial lobe. Tegmen longer than broad, narrowed towardS apex, apically hyalinouS, laterally Strongly Sclerotized, with two Subapical Sclerotized StripeS, aedeagal teeth Very Small, partly in groupS. Aedeagal apodeme long. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + +Etymology. +The name iS deriVed form the Latin wordS +bi-, +two, and +tuberculum +, Swelling, referring to the two lobeS of the gonoStyluS. + + +DNA sequences. +DNA SequenceS of 16S, 18S, and 28S gene regionS taken from the +holotype +are depoSited in the GenBank. Their acceSSion numberS are proVided in +Table 2 +. + + + + +Discussion. +By itS tapering gonoStyluS towardS the apex, + +Aerumnosa bituberculata + + +sp. n +. + +reSembleS + +A. horrifica + +, but differS in haVing the apical tooth much Shorter, and in haVing two, not one, medial lobeS with megaSetae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/88/1607883E76675F388A4C9ACFDE2B17BA.xml b/data/16/07/88/1607883E76675F388A4C9ACFDE2B17BA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..51662b5c85a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/88/1607883E76675F388A4C9ACFDE2B17BA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,266 @@ + + + +The first record of Tricholathys Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 (Araneae, Dictynidae) from China, with a new combination and descriptions of seven new species + + + +Author + +Wang, Lu-Yu +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5250-3473 +Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China + + + +Author + +Peng, Xian-Jin +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2614-3910 +College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Zhi-Sheng +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-1789 +Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China +zhangzs327@qq.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-11-29 + + +1185 + + +255 +267 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.107005 +1313-2970-1185-255 +568A472D950D4338A7DF56C6EE473761 +DEA7C60064865535B07A16D0F5AC891D + + + + +Tricholathys lhunzeensis sp. nov. (隆子毛隐蛛) + + + + +Figs 8 +, 9 +, 16 + + + +Type materials. + + +Holotype +male + +: China, Tibet, Lhunze county, Ritang Township, +28°37′16.02′′N +, +92°13′4.59′′E +, elev. 4988 m, 5 August 2020, L.Y. Wang et al. leg. (SWUC-T-DI-10-01). +Paratypes +(9 males and 28 females): 9 males and 21 females (SWUC-T-DI-10-02~31), with same data as holotype; 7 females (SWUC-T-DI-10-32~38), same locality with holotype, +28°37′16.05′′N +, +92°13′4.99′′E +, elev. 4996 m, 3 August 2020, L.Y. Wang, et al. leg. + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the name of the county where the type locality is located. + + +Diagnosis. + +The new species is similar to + +T. relictoides + +(Figs +10A-D +, +11C-G +) in having the embolus originating at about 9:00 +o'clock +, the anterior arm of conductor gradually tapering and terminating at about the 11:00 +o'clock +position, the posterior arm of conductor spiral and longer than the anterior arm, and the weakly sclerotized part of the copulatory duct S-shaped; the new species differs from + +T. relictoides + +in having the posterior arm of conductor short (half of length of embolus) with its end sharp (vs as long as embolus and with hook-shaped tip), the tip of cymbium with 6 spines (vs 3), the base of the embolus differently shaped (Figs +8A, B +, +9C-E +), and the copulatory openings small, narrow, and with a wide space between them (Figs +8C, D +, +9F, G +; vs large, wide, and with the space between them narrower than their diameter), weakly sclerotized parts of the copulatory ducts comma-like (vs tube-like). + + + +Figure 8. + +Tricholathys lhunzeensis + +sp. nov. +A, B +holotype male +C, D +paratype female +A +left male palp, ventral view +B +same, retrolateral view +C +epigyne, ventral view +D +same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca. + + + + +Figure 9. + +Tricholathys lhunzeensis + +sp. nov. +A, C-E +holotype male +B, F, G +paratype female +A +male habitus, dorsal view +B +female habitus, dorsal view +C +left male palp, prolateral view +D +same, ventral view +E +same, retrolateral view +F +epigyne, ventral view +G +same, dorsal view. + + + + +Figure 10. + +Tricholathys relictoides + +sp. nov. +A, B +holotype male +C, D +paratype female +A +left male palp, ventral view +B +same, retrolateral view +C +epigyne, ventral view +D +same, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AA = anterior arm of conductor; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; Em = embolus; FD = fertilization duct; PA = posterior arm of conductor; RTA = retrolaterial tibial apophysis; Sp = spermatheca. + + + + +Figure 11. + +Tricholathys relictoides + +sp. nov. +A, C-E +holotype male +B, F, G +paratype female +A +male habitus, dorsal view +B +female habitus, dorsal view +C +left male palp, prolateral view +D +same, ventral view +E +same, retrolateral view +F +epigyne, ventral view +G +same, dorsal view. + + + + +Description. + +Male (holotype). +Habitus as in Fig. +9A +. Total length 4.42 (5.35-5.99 in male paratypes). Prosoma 2.91 long, 2.13 wide; opisthosoma 2.85 long, 1.79 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.09, PLE 0.12; AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.07, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.16, ALE-PLE 0.06. MOA 0.31 long, anterior width 0.29, posterior width 0.35. Clypeus height 0.18. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 3 retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 6.87 (1.91, 2.52, 1.46, 0.98); II 5.84 (1.73, 2.15, 1.25, 0.71); III 5.24 (1.54, 1.81, 1.10, 0.79); IV 6.98 (1.92, 2.32, 1.74, 1.00). Leg formula: 4123. Cribellum undivided. Dorsum of opisthosoma with black cardiac marking anteriorly. + + +Palp +(Figs +8A, B +, +9C-E +). Tip of cymbium with six spines. Anterior arm of conductor tapering gradually and terminating at about 11:00 +o'clock +; posterior arm terminating in spiral, with its distal part narrowed and arc-shaped, almost one-half length of embolus, pointed posteriorly. Embolus originating at about 9:00 +o'clock +position. + + +Female (paratype). +Habitus as in Fig. +9B +); total length 6.05 (4.35-6.08 in other paratype females). Prosoma 3.17 long, 2.36 wide; opisthosoma 3.38 long, 2.13 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.13, PME 0.11, PLE, 0.13; AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.09, PME-PME 0.19, PME-PLE 0.17, ALE-PLE 0.06. MOA 0.33 long, anterior width 0.33, posterior width 0.39. Clypeus height 0.21. Leg measurements: I 6.93 (1.99, 2.56, 1.47, 0.91); II 6.15 (1.71, 2.20, 1.33, 0.91); III 5.53 (1.64, 1.81, 1.28, 0.80); IV 7.24 (2.13, 2.49, 1.78, 0.84). Leg formula: 4123. + + +Epigyne +(Figs +8C, D +, +9F, G +). Copulatory openings oval, with distinct inner margins. Weakly sclerotized part of conductor large, comma-like; strongly sclerotized part S-shaped. Space between copulatory ducts narrower than space between spermathecae. Spermathecae small, nearly globular, widely separated by a space twice the diameter of spermathecae. + + + +Distribution. + +Known only from the type locality, Tibet, China (Fig. +16 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/07/A4/1607A4FBB022968698B8E09DCD88BB68.xml b/data/16/07/A4/1607A4FBB022968698B8E09DCD88BB68.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8687489c7de --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/07/A4/1607A4FBB022968698B8E09DCD88BB68.xml @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ + + + +A review of the Anomaloninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Anomaloninae) from the Ukrainian Carpathians + + + +Author + +Nuzhna, Anna + + + +Author + +Varga, Oleksandr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6890 +6890 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6890 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6890 +1314-2828-3-6890 + + + + +Heteropelma megarthrum (Ratzeburg, 1848) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +O. Varga +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Ivano-Frankivsk region; county: Bogorodchany district; locality: +Mochary, mixed forest, 5 km NE of Bogorodchany +; verbatimElevation: 300-350 m; verbatimCoordinates: +48°50'51.17"N +, +24°35'26.91"E +; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Nuzhna; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +08/15/2011 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +O. Varga +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Ivano-Frankivsk region; county: Bogorodchany district; locality: +Gorgany, coniferous forest, 10-12 km of Stara Guta +; verbatimElevation: 1200-1300 m; verbatimCoordinates: +48°33'7.45"N +, +24°11'55.33"E +; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Nuzhna; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +2011-08-17/19 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +O. Varga +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Ivano-Frankivsk region; county: Bogorodchany district; locality: +Gorgany, coniferous forest, 5 km SW of Stara Guta +; verbatimElevation: 1200 m; verbatimCoordinates: +48°36'42.77"N +, +24°09'10.69"E +; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Nuzhna; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +06/20/2013 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +A. Kotenko +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Transcarpathian region; county: Rakhiv district; locality: +Chornogora, coniferous forest +; verbatimElevation: 800-1000 m; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Nuzhna; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +08/05/1994 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +V. Tolkanitz +; individualCount: +2 +; sex: +females +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Transcarpathian region; county: Svalyava district; locality: +Polyana +; verbatimElevation: 250 m; Identification: identifiedBy: A. Nuzhna; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +06/26/1986 + + + + +Distribution + +Palaearctic and Oriental regions ( +Yu et al. 2012 +). Ukraine: all regions ( +Nuzhna 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/20/160920B245B75C85A5074BA0A8D1E0A3.xml b/data/16/09/20/160920B245B75C85A5074BA0A8D1E0A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9fff02be658 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/20/160920B245B75C85A5074BA0A8D1E0A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + + + +Seek and ye shall find: new species and new records of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the Mediterranean + + + +Author + +Martino, Emanuela Di +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3892-4036 +Natural History Museum, University of Oslo - Blindern, P. O. Box 1172, Oslo 0318, Norway +e.d.martino@nhm.uio.no + + + +Author + +Rosso, Antonietta +Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Universita di Catania - Corso Italia 57, 95129, Catania, Italy & CoNISMa - Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare - Piazzale Flaminio, 9, 00196, Roma, Italy + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-08-02 + + +1053 + + +1 +42 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1053.65324 +1313-2970-1053-1 +E67F6F86686D44AC910537FF58BC2183 +24C336C5EA905902A044FCF1B43767E9 + + + + +Genus +Microporella Hincks, 1877 + + + +Type species. + + +Eschara ciliata + +Pallas, 1766 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/85/160985356CB19A5A87837772E55D5509.xml b/data/16/09/85/160985356CB19A5A87837772E55D5509.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba5427db99a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/85/160985356CB19A5A87837772E55D5509.xml @@ -0,0 +1,402 @@ + + + +The " Fungia patella group " (Scleractinia, Fungiidae) revisited with a description of the mini mushroom coral Cycloseris boschmai sp. n. + + + +Author + +Hoeksema, Bert W. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +371 + + +57 +84 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.371.6677 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.371.6677 +1313-2970-371-57 +66723DA9215241F096F056C0F75C1CBD +66723DA9215241F096F056C0F75C1CBD + + + + +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. +Figures 3-13 + + + + +Fungia marginata +(partim) Boschma 1923: 141-142; 1925: 199-202. + + +Fungia (Cycloseris) costulata +(partim) - +Hoeksema 1989 +: 64-69. + + +Fungia (Cycloseris) +spec. - +Hoeksema et al. 2004 +: 15; +Hoeksema 2008 +: 11-12; 2010: 24-25. + + +Cycloseris +sp. 1 - +Gittenberger et al. 2011 +: 117; +Hoeksema 2012a +: 188. + + +Cycloseris +sp. - +Hoeksema et al. 2012 +: 652. + + +Cycloseris +spec. - +Waheed and Hoeksema 2013 +: 41. + + + +Type material. + +Type specimens of +Cycloseris boschmai +from Banda, Moluccas, Indonesia (Danish Exp. to the Kei Islands, 1922), previously identified as +Fungia marginata +by +Boschma 1925 +). Holotype: RMNH Coel. 8333 (1 dry specimen: 28 mm; Figure 3), Banda, 1922. Paratypes: RMNH Coel. 8334 (1 dry specimen: 29 mm), Banda, Lontor, 12.vi.1922; RMNH Coel. 8335 (5 dry specimens: 20-30 mm), Banda, off Lontor, 10-20 m depth, +4°33'S +, +129°52'E +, 1922. + + + +Figure 3. Holotype of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 8333). Indonesia, Banda, Danish Exp. to the Kei Islands, 1922. a Upper side b Lower side. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Other material: Indonesia. + +Bali: RMNH Coel. 40146 (2 dry specimens: 25, 31 mm), NE Bali, Tulamben, 3-5m, +08°16'36"S +, +115°35'37"E +, Bali Lombok Strait Exp. Sta. BAL.20, 09.iv.2001, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40147 (1 dry specimen: 18 mm), NE Bali, Tulamben, 5m depth, +08°16'26"S +, +115°35'28"E +, Bali Lombok Strait Exp. Sta. BAL.21, 11.iv.2001, coll. BWH. Nusa Tenggara Timur (Lesser Sunda Islands): RMNH Coel. 21471 (1 dry specimen: 38 mm), NE Komodo, S Gili Lawa Laut, +08°27'00"S +, +119°34'24"E +, Snellius-II Exp. Sta. 4.253, 27.x.1984, +coll +. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40145 (4 dry specimens: 24-32 mm), SE Komodo, N side bay S of Tanjung Lohnamu, +08°38'19"S +, + +119°28'45 +'' +E + +, TNC Komodo Rapid Ecological Assessment Sta. KOM.16, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31190 (1 dry specimens: 32 mm), N Sumbawa, Bay of Sanggar, +08°19'36"S +, +118°15'12"E +, Snellius-II Exp. Sta. 4.132, 30.x.1984, coll. BWH. South Sulawesi. RMNH Coel. 31188 (1 dry specimen: 31 mm), Spermonde Archipelago, N Bone Tambung Island, +05°01'50"S +, +119°16'25"E +, 13.vi.1986, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31189 (5 dry specimens: 29-50 mm), Spermonde Archipelago, W Kudingareng Keke I., 9-18 m depth, +05°06'30"S +, +119°17'04"E +, 6.xii.1984, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31192 +( +5 dry specimens: 17-31 mm), SW Selayer I., NW Bahuluang I., +06°28'00"S +, +120°25'30"E +, Snellius-II Exp. Sta. 4.202, 10.x.1984, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31191 (3 dry specimens: 35-37 mm), NE Taka Bone Rate, E Tarupa Besar, +06°28'S +, +121°08'E +, Snellius-II Exp. Sta. 4.140, 25.ix.1984, coll. BWH. Central Sulawesi, Tomini Bay, Togian Islands: RMNH Coel. 24278 (2 dry specimens: 34, 39 mm), S Talatakoh I., +00°26'34"S +, +122°06'07"E +, Tethyana Exp. Sta. 10, 21.ix.1999, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 24291 (1 dry specimen: 48 mm), S Togian I., +00°20'10"S +, +121°59'00"E +, Tethyana Exp. Sta. 14, 23/24.ix.1999, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 24706 (5 dry specimens: 30-42 mm), S Batudaka I., +00°35'25"S +, +121°41'38"E +, Tethyana Exp. Sta. 15, 24.ix.1999, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31193 (7 dry specimens: 29-50 mm), S Waleabahi I., +00°26'16"S +, +122°15'16"E +, Tethyana Exp. Sta. 8, 19.ix.1999, coll. BWH. North Sulawesi: RMNH Coel. 40156 (4 dry specimens; 36-40 mm), Lembeh Strait, Tanjung Mawali, 14 m depth, +01°26'36"N +, +125°13'46"E +, Lembeh Strait Exp. Sta. LEM.04, 31.i.2012, coll. BWH. SE Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Islands (Wakatobi): RMNH Coel. 40143 (1 dry specimen: 12 mm), NW Tomia, +05°43'59"S +, +123°53'35"E +, TNC-WWF Wakatobi Rapid Ecological Assessment Sta. WAK.25, 13.v.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40144 (1 dry specimen: 40 mm), SW Karang Kaledupa, lagoon, +05°51'46"S +, +123°43'17"E +, TNC-WWF Wakatobi Rapid Ecological Assessment Sta. WAK.28, 14.v.2003, coll. BWH. Moluccas: RMNH Coel. 33586 (2 dry specimens: 47, 58 mm), Ambon, N coast near Morela, +03°33'S +, +128°12'E +, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Exp. Sta. MAL.12, 13.xi.2002, coll. BWH; Northern Moluccas: RMNH Coel. 8286 (10 dry specimens, some with buds, 32-50 mm, previously identified as + +Fungia +marginata + +), Banda, off Lontor, to 13 m depth, +4°33'S +, +129°52'E +, Danish Exp. to the Kei Islands, 15.vi.1922; UZMK (5 specimens in ethanol, 13-40 mm, previously identified as +Fungia marginata +), Gunung Api, 20-25 m depth, Danish Exp. to the Kei Islands,13.vi.1922; UZMK (9 specimens in ethanol, 26-50 mm, previously identified as +Fungia marginata +), Lontor, 13 m depth, Danish Exp. to the Kei Islands, 15.vi.1922; RMNH Coel. 40096 (1 dry specimen: 29 mm), Halmahera, East coast Teluk Dodinga, Karang Galiasa, +00°50'46"N +, +127°35'07"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.38, 14.xi.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40102 (1 dry specimen: 34 mm), Hiri I., Tanjung Ngafauda, +00°54'38"N +, +127°19'03"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.14, 16 m depth, 31.x.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40103 (1 dry specimen: 30 mm), Ternate, Sulamadaha I., +00°52'04"N +, +127°19'33"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.22, 18 m depth, 6.xi.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40104 (1 dry specimen: 19 mm), Ternate, Dufadufa, Benteng Toloko, +00°48'49"N +, +127°23'22"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.24, 8 m depth, 7.xi.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40105 (1 dry specimen: 31 mm), Halmahera, W Pasir Lamo, +00°53'21"N +, +127°27'34"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.26, 8.xi.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40106 (1 dry specimen: 48 mm), Tidore, north Pilongga, +00°42'50"N +, +127°28'45"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.34, 12 m depth, 12.xi.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40173 (1 dry specimen: 29 mm), Ternate, Tanjung Tabam, +00°50'05"N +, +127°23'10"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.12, 11 m depth, 30.x.2009, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40174 (1 dry specimen: 17 mm), Ternate, outside harbor to the east, +00°46'55"N +, +127°30'20"E +, Ternate Exp. Sta. TER.25, 8 m depth, 7.xi.2009, coll. BWH. East Kalimantan, Berau Islands: RMNH Coel. 31922 (1 dry specimen: 19 mm), W Derawan I., 7 m depth, +02°16'53"N +, +118°13'39"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.02, 4.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31923 (1 dry specimen: 15 mm), Berau Delta, Lighthouse-2 Reef, 6 m depth, +02°09'34"N +, +118°10'11"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.05, 5.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31924 (2 dry specimen: 22, 31 mm), Samama I., 8 m depth, +02°07'32"N +, +118°20'10"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.10, 7.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 31925 (1 dry specimen: 42 mm), NE Kakaban I., 14 m depth, 02°08'53 +'' +118°32'32"E, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.49, 28.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40149 (1 dry specimen: 14 mm), S of Samama I., NE Buliulin I., 14 m depth, +02°07'07"N +, +118°20'32"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.26, 15.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40153 (1 dry specimen: 46 mm), N Maratua I., near entrance lagoon, 9 m depth, +02°14'53"N +, +118°37'36"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.29, 17.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40154 (1 dry specimen: 21 mm), S Derawan I., 13 m, +02°15'04"N +, +118°15'04"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.04a, 18.x.2003, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40155 (1 dry specimen: 50 mm), E Sangalaki I., Lighthouse, 12 m depth, +02°04'54"N +, +118°24'30"E +, East Kalimantan Berau Exp. Sta. BER.22, 14.x.2003, coll. BWH. West Papua, Raja Ampat Islands: RMNH Coel. 40140 (1 dry specimen: 30 mm), S. Mansuar (Sawandarik village), +00°35'26"S +, +130°36'12"E +, Raja Ampat Exp. Sta. RAJ.06, 20.xi.2007, coll. BWH; RMNH Coel. 40141 (1 dry specimen: 33 mm), Yeffam I., E Penemu I., 8 m depth, +00°35'20"S +, +130°17'06"E +, Raja Ampat Exp. Sta. RAJ.66, 13.xii.2007, coll. BWH. Malaysia, Sabah, northern Borneo: RMNH Coel. 33545 (1 dry specimen: 20 mm), W Sabah, Gaya Islands off Kota Kinabalu, W Sapi I., +06°00'26"N +, +116°00'13"E +, 28.vii.2005, coll. BWH. Layang-Layang: RMNH Coel. 40095 (2 dry specimens: 18 mm attached, 37 mm free-living), Easternmost point, Sta. LAC.14, 15-25 m depth, +07°22'34"N +, +113°51'15"E +, 28.iii.2013, coll. BWH. Philippines: RMNH Coel. 24908 (2 dry specimens: 20, 32 mm), Cebu Strait, West of Bohol, NW Cabilao I., +09°53'20"N +, +123°45'53"E +, 2.x.1999, coll. BWH. Palau: RMNH Coel. 40225 (1 dry specimen), SE off Garreru I., S Goraklbad Passage, +07°19'15"N +, +134°35'50"E +, 29.vii.2002, coll BWH. + + + + +Characters +. + + +(Figures 3-13) The diameter of the examined specimens ranges between 12 and 50 mm. Corals mostly flat, moderately thick and robust. Adult animals unattached and monostomatous with septa-costae extending outside the circular to slightly oval corallum outline. Juvenile specimens vary from round to slightly hexagonal. +Wedge-shaped +, regenerating fragments not known. The length of the fossa, measured at its bottom, is 1/9 to 1/6 of the corallum length. The columella is formed by a mingled mass of tightly to loosely packed trabeculae. Septa densely packed and straight, unequal in thickness and height. The relatively thick and high septa of lower orders are solid; they are flanked by perforated septa of higher orders. Tentacular lobes absent. Septal margins are finely ornamented with sharp and granular dentations. Their number varies +from +20 to 70 per cm. Septal sides are densely covered by fine granulations, which are irregularly dispersed or arranged in rows perpendicular to the septal margin. Compound synapticulae (fulturae) connecting the septa laterally cannot easily be distinguished because of tight septal arrangement. The solid corallum wall is granulated and may show a detachment scar. The lower side varies from flat to slightly convex. Costae unequal in size, straight and prominent near the corallum margin but less distinct at the centre. Corallum margin may be slightly undulating because of enlarged lower order costae. Costae ornamented with fine granular or acute spines. Their number varies from 15 to 80 per cm. Some individuals have small buds over their surface, especially in the proximity of the corallum margin (Figure 10). Attached juveniles (anthocaulus stage) are rare (Figure 11). The color of the living animal is variable with hues of red or green (Figures 11-13). Tentacles small and transparent with white acrospheres at their tips (Figure 13). + + + +Figure 4. Specimen of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 21471). Indonesia, NE Komodo, S Gili Lawa Laut, Snellius-II Exp. Sta. 4.253, 27 October 1984. a Upper side b Lower side. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 5. Specimen of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 31190). Indonesia, N Sumbawa, Bay of Sanggar, Snellius-II Exp. Sta. 4.132, 30 October 1984 a Upper side b Lower side. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 6. Specimen of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 31188). Indonesia, South Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago, north side of Bone Tambung Island, 13 June 1986. a Upper side b Lower side. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 7. Specimen of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 24291). Indonesia, Central Sulawesi, Togian Islands, S Togian I., Tethyana Exp. Sta. 14, 23/24 September 1999 a Upper side b Lower side. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 8. Specimens of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 31193). Indonesia, Central Sulawesi, Togian Islands, S Waleabahi I., Tethyana Exp. Sta. 8, 19 September 1999 a Upper side b Lower side. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 9. Two specimens of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 24278). Indonesia, Central Sulawesi, Togian Islands, S Talatakoh I., Tethyana Exp. Sta. 10, 21 September 1999. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 10. Two specimens of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. (RMNH Coel. 8286) with marginal buds and sand in the mouths. Indonesia, Banda, off Lontor, Danish Exp. to the Kei Islands, 15 June 1922. + + + + +Figure 11. Juvenile, attached specimens of +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. a Papua New Guinea, Bismarck Sea, Madang, June 1992 +b-d +Malaysia, South China Sea, Layang Layang, Easternmost point, (RMNH Coel. 40095), 28 March 2013 b In situ (bleached) c Lower side d Upper side. Scale bars: 0.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 12. +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. a Indonesia, Bali, Tulamben, September 1997 b Philippines, Cebu, November 1999 +c-e +Indonesia, Central Sulawesi, Togian Islands, September 1999 f Indonesia, South Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago, Bone Lola reef, August 1997. + + + + +Figure 13. +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. specimen showing transparent extended tentacles with white acrospheres at their tips; Indonesia, North Sulawesi, Lembeh Strait, Lobangbatu, February 2012. + + + + +Geographical distribution + +(Figure 14). The distribution range is limited to the Coral Triangle ( +Hoeksema 2007 +): eastern Malaysia (Sabah and Layang Layang), east +ern +Indonesia (from Bali to West Papua), central Philippines (Cebu Strait), Papua New Guinea (Madang Lagoon), and Palau. + + + +Figure 14. Map of the Central Indo-Pacific indicating localities where +Cycloseris boschmai +sp. n. has been recorded. + + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the late Prof. Hilbrand Boschma, former director of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie (now Naturalis Biodiversity Center), who devoted much of his research time to the study of mushroom corals, including specimens of the new species. + + +Diagnosis. +Adult corals small (<50 mm) with uneven circular corallum margin owing to enlarged costae. Live specimens with variable, patchy colouration. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17CFFF2830EF08CFD1CEEC6.xml b/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17CFFF2830EF08CFD1CEEC6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7156aec8330 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17CFFF2830EF08CFD1CEEC6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,349 @@ + + + +New data and systematic considerations on the Blattogryllopterida (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Jurassic Daohugou locality in China + + + +Author + +CUI, YINGYING + + + +Author + +BÉTHOUX, OLIVIER + + + +Author + +YANG, NAN + + + +Author + +REN, DONG + +text + + +Palaeoentomology + + +2023 + +2023-04-28 + + +6 + + +2 + + +124 +132 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.4 + +journal article +10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.4 +2624-2834 +7929076 +9464A853-9FE2-489E-B126-3B9C78505895 + + + + + + + +Aristoviblattogryllus minor +( +Ren & Aristov, 2011 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 2 +, +3 +) + + + + + + + +Plesioblattogryllus minor +Ren & Aristov, 2011: 36 + + +, fig. 1; + +Cui, 2012: 171 + +, figs 2–5; Storozhenko & Aristov, 24. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +The new genus is similar to + +Plesioblattogryllus + +but differs from latter in a long RP+MA fusion with a long basal free part of MA and a very short basal free section of RP. + + + + +Material. +Holotype +CNU-GRY-NN2008001 and newly collected CNU-GRY-NN2023001. + + +Type locality and horizon. + +Holotype +and newly collected specimen are both from the +Daohugou +locality, +Inner Mongolia +, +China +; Middle Jurassic. + + + + + +Description. +Mediumsizedinsects, bodylengthabout +30 mm +, forewing length about +20–25 mm +; head with large compound eyes and three ocelli; mandibles asymmetrical; pronotum rectangular with wide ring of paranotalia (lateral expansions of the pronotum); legs ambulatorial, at least fore tibia with a few long spines; coxa enlarged, fore and mid coxa rounded, hind coxa square-shaped; tarsi 5-segmented, segments 1–4 short with poorly preserved euplantulae, fifth segment elongate with a pair of claws and without arolia; female ovipositor straight, about +4.5 mm +long; cerci with 10–11 segments, about +7.5 mm +long; eggs olive-shaped with strong longitudinal ridges. The details of wing-venation variability are given below. + + +Holotype +CNU-GRY-NN2008001 ( +Fig. 2 +): positive and negative imprints of left wing, likely a forewing, with distal part of AA area missing; +24.6 mm +long, +7.4 mm +wide; ScP ending on anterior wing margin; in distal portion of ScP–RA area crossveins desclerotized along line parallel to ScP and RA, located roughly in middle of area (likely indicating occurrence of flexion line); RA/RP fork in basal third of wing length; RA simple, nearly parallel to ScP; area between anterior wing margin and ScP slightly narrower than ScP–RA area; RP posteriorly pectinate, with four branches; RA–RP area very narrow, parallel to areas between anterior wing margin and ScP, and ScP–RA area; bases of M and CuA free for short distance; CuA arising early, then fused with M for 3.0 mm; MA diverging from M+CuA near basal fourth of wing length, then fused with RP for +3.1 mm +, slightly after origin of RP; MA simple; MP diverging from MP+CuA slightly after origin of MA; MP simple, with middle part desclerotised; CuA forked into CuA1 and CuA2 +1.2 mm +after its origin from MP+CuA; CuA1/CuA2 fork nearly opposite to RP/MA fork; CuA2 simple; CuP strong, straight; AA with anterior-most vein forked; no evident ppa, possibly located basal to second AA vein; cross-veins scalariform, rarely reticulated. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Aristoviblattogryllus minor +( +Ren & Aristov, 2011 +) + +, holotype, specimen CNU-GRY-NN2008001, left wing, likely a forewing. +A +, Photograph (sides composite, polarised light, side P flipped horizontally) and reconstruction. +B +, Detail of the basal area (as located on +A +), RTI extract (‘specular enhancement’ rendering mode) and reconstruction (location of ppa uncertain). + + + +Specimen CNU-GRY-NN2023001 ( +Fig. 3 +): negative imprint of right wing, presumably hind wing, with posterior part of anal area folded; +19.6 mm +long, +7.2 mm +wide as preserved; ScP ending on anterior wing margin; in distal portion of ScP–RA area crossveins desclerotized; RA/RP fork slightly after basal fourth of wing length; RA simple and parallel to ScP; RP posteriorly pectinate, with five branches; area between anterior wing margin and ScP, and RA–RP area slightly narrower than ScP–RA area; base of M invisible; MA diverges from M+CuA in basal sixth of wing length; MA fused with RP for 2.5 long slightly after origin of RP; MA simple; MP diverges from MP+CuA slightly after origin of MA; MP simple, with middle part desclerotised; CuA forks into CuA1 and CuA2 slightly after its origin from MP+CuA; CuA forked earlier than divergence of MA from RP+MA; CuA2 simple; CuP strong, straight; AA with anteriormost vein forked, and both branches crossed by fold (presumably ppa); crossveins scalariform, rarely reticulated. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Aristoviblattogryllus minor +( +Ren & Aristov, 2011 +) + +, specimen CNU-GRY-NN2023001, right wing (presumably hind wing). +A +, Photograph (negative imprint, dry-ethanol composite, flipped horizontally) and reconstruction. +B +, RTI extract (‘specular enhancement’ rendering mode; as located on +A +) and reconstruction. + + + + +Remarks. +The new specimen CNU-GRY-NN2023001 is roughly identical to the +holotype +of + +A. minor + +except for a slightly smaller size, a 5-branched RP (4-branched in the +holotype +) and a possibly slightly expanded plicatum. + + +In contrast with the comparatively larger size of the +holotype +, with +25 mm +in wing length, the multiple specimens investigated by +Cui (2012) +indicated an average wing length for + +A. minor + +around +20 mm +, including female individuals, which is consistent with an assignment of the new specimen to this species. However, the new specimen is also wider than the +holotype +. As a consequence, both specimens differ in general shape. Plastic deformation, already assumed for some specimens from the same locality ( + +Cui +et al +., 2015 + +: figs 7C, 8D), may have affected the specimen and caused the observed shape variation. A moderate elongation affecting the +holotype +along its longitudinal axis, and a moderate elongation affecting the new specimen along the transverse axis, could explain the observed difference. Thus, here we consider that the size/ shape difference displayed by the new material is under the range of intra-specific variation. + + + +FIGURE 4. +Forewing of + +Mantis religiosa +(Linnaeus, 1758) + +(specimen IWC OB 79, male, left forewing viewed ventrally), photographs. +A +, Overview. +B +, Detail of the ppa area (as located on +A +; arrows indicate veins crossed by the ppa). + + + +In contrast with the general perception that a smaller size entails a reduced venation, the new material exhibits a 5-branched RP, while this vein has 4 branches in most specimens of + +A +. +minor + +, including the +holotype +. The range of variation of this character is not well-documented for Blattogryllopterida. However, at the level of the order +Grylloblattida +, such variation commonly occurs within a single species, as demonstrated by species known from large numbers of specimens, and specimens preserving complete wing pairs ( +Storozhenko, 1998 +; +Béthoux & Nel, 2010 +; +Aristov & Mostovski, 2013 +; +Storozhenko & Aristov, 2014 +; + +Cui +et al +., 2015 + +, +2022 +, and others). Thus, a variation ranging from 4 to 5 branches for RP is very likely in + +A. minor + +. + + +Our observation of the new specimen shows that the two branches of the first anal vein are folded along a straight line (orange dashed line on +Fig. 4B +). Two possible scenarios on the interpretation of this line are proposed, namely (i) an accidental fold affecting a forewing; and (ii) the occurrence of a plica prima anterior (ppa) crossing AA veins, suggestive of a hind wing. The second scenario is plausible, since ppa is commonly oblique in hind wings of polyneopteran insects. And although it rarely crosses veins in hind wing (but see + +Béthoux +et al +., 2011 + +: fig. 3), such configuration cannot be excluded. Notably, in forewings of +Mantodea +in which the ppa is secondarily oblique, resulting in a somewhat enlarged plicatum, it crosses veins ( +Fig. 4 +; and see + +Demers-Potvin +et al +., 2021 + +; +Béthoux & Wieland, 2009 +). Under this scenario, the hind wing plicatum would be distinctly reduced in + +A. minor + +(but slightly enlarged compared to the forewing yet; +Fig. 2B +). Up to now, this state has never been documented in +Grylloblattida +( +Storozhenko, 1998 +). It is worth mentioning that, within Polyneoptera, a secondarily reduced hind wing plicatum has been acquired in Embioptera and within Isoptera ( +Ross, 2000 +; + +Engel +et al +., 2009 + +). A third case of reduction is therefore plausible. If this is correct, possessing a reduced hind wing plicatum may compose a distinctive trait of a yet unnamed taxon within the Blattogryllopterida. + + +Therefore, all the observed differences between the new material and the +holotype +of + +A +. +minor + +are considered as intra-specific variation.Further substantial investigation on wing venation, especially the hind wing, is needed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17EFFF4830EF15AFA5FE804.xml b/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17EFFF4830EF15AFA5FE804.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de2969ef341 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17EFFF4830EF15AFA5FE804.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +New data and systematic considerations on the Blattogryllopterida (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Jurassic Daohugou locality in China + + + +Author + +CUI, YINGYING + + + +Author + +BÉTHOUX, OLIVIER + + + +Author + +YANG, NAN + + + +Author + +REN, DONG + +text + + +Palaeoentomology + + +2023 + +2023-04-28 + + +6 + + +2 + + +124 +132 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.4 + +journal article +53452 +10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.4 +06b47f1f-7762-44dd-a72c-fa7a24fd037b +2624-2834 +7929076 +9464A853-9FE2-489E-B126-3B9C78505895 + + + + + + +Order +Grylloblattida Walker, 1914 + + + + + + +Taxon Blattogryllopterida +Cui, 2012 + + + + + + +Remarks. +This taxon and the +Blattogryllidae +as delimited by +Storozhenko & Aristov (2014) +have the same composition. + + + +Genus + +Plesioblattogryllus +Huang, Nel & Petrulevičius, + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17EFFF6830EF4F5FD2AEF4E.xml b/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17EFFF6830EF4F5FD2AEF4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..476c14c290b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/87/160987DEB17EFFF6830EF4F5FD2AEF4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ + + + +New data and systematic considerations on the Blattogryllopterida (Insecta: Grylloblattida) from the Jurassic Daohugou locality in China + + + +Author + +CUI, YINGYING + + + +Author + +BÉTHOUX, OLIVIER + + + +Author + +YANG, NAN + + + +Author + +REN, DONG + +text + + +Palaeoentomology + + +2023 + +2023-04-28 + + +6 + + +2 + + +124 +132 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.4 + +journal article +10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.2.4 +2624-2834 +7929076 +9464A853-9FE2-489E-B126-3B9C78505895 + + + + + + + +Plesioblattogryllus magnificus +Huang, Nel & Petrulevičius, 2008 + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 1 +) + + + + + + + +Plesioblattogryllus magnificus + +Huang +et al +., 2008: 18 + + + +, figs 1–3; + +Storozhenko & Aristov, 2014: 24 + +, figs 3, 8. + + + + + + +Duoduo qianae +Cui, 2012: 176 + + +, fig. 6; + +Storozhenko & Aristov, 2014: 23 + +. +syn. nov. + + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Plesioblattogryllus magnificus +Huang, Nel & Petrulevičius, 2008 + +, holotype NIGP 133701. +A +, Photograph, general habitus. +B +, Photograph, detail of basal anterior part of right forewing, as located on A, and reconstruction. All photographs by D.Y. Huang and reproduced with author’s permission. + + + + +Revised diagnosis. +Large size, wing length about 43/ +40 mm +for fore- and hind wing respectively; absence of RP+MA fusion; occurrence of two rows of crossveins in median part of the RP–MA area. + + + + +Remarks. +The examination of a new photograph of the +holotype +of + +P. magnificus + +confirmed that RP and MA are separated in this species ( +Fig. 1 +). Indeed, in the best exposed forewing, the observed venation pattern is best explained by a crease occurring between ScP and R/RA (which may be related to the occurrence of a flexion line in the ScP–RA area; see below, redescription of + +A. minor + +material). Consequently, ScP is visible in the area between R/RA and MA. Once ignored, it is then clear that RP and MA remain separated along their entire course. This is also the case in + +D. qianae + +, known from a single specimen (see original description). Further similarities encompass size: in + +P +. +magnificus + +, forewing length is about +43 mm +and hind wing length about +40 mm +; while in + +D +. +qianae + +, wing length is about +35 mm +. Considering the likely occurrence of sexual size dimorphism in Blattogryllopterida (a phenomenon common in Polyneoptera), and the fact that the +holotype +of + +D +. +qianae + +is probably a hind wing (owing to the development of the AA area), the observed size difference cannot justify maintaining distinct species. Finally, the occurrence of two rows of crossveins in the median part of the RP–MA area, well-documented in + +P +. +magnificus + +and likely in + +D +. +qianae + +, further suggests that the latter species is the junior synonym of the former. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/87/160987E2D8484170066997687AB07201.xml b/data/16/09/87/160987E2D8484170066997687AB07201.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..178e13083a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/87/160987E2D8484170066997687AB07201.xml @@ -0,0 +1,338 @@ + + + +Les Rubiaceae émergentes de la canopée endémiques de l’archipel des Comores: affinités floristiques dans l’océan Indien et taxonomie + + + +Author + +Mouly, Arnaud + +text + + +Adansonia + + +2009 + +3 + + +2009-06-30 + + +31 + + +1 + + +197 +206 + + + + +http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/a2009n1a14 + +journal article +10.5252/a2009n1a14 +1639-4798 +4601193 + + + + + + +Peponidium ovato-oblongum + + + + +(K.Schum.) Mouly, +comb. nov. + + + + +( +Fig. 1 +) + + + +BASIONYME. — + +Psychotria ovato-oblonga +K.Schum., +Botanische Jahrbücher + +für Systematik +28: 96 (1901). — +Type +: +Mayotte +, forêt +de Combani +, fl. +♂ +, + +31.X.1884 + +, +Humblot 1367 +(lecto-, P, désigné ici; isolecto-, P; holo- B†), cité «367 » + +. + + + +Peponidium comorense + +Arènes, +Notulae Systematicae +, Paris + + +, 16: 37 (1960), syn. nov. — +Type +: +Mayotte +, fl. +♂ +, 1847-1852, +Boivin s.n. +(holo-, P). + + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — + +Mayotte +. + +Grande Terre +, +Bouéni +, +Boungoudranavi +, éboulis, + +10.XII.2006 + +, fl. +♀ +, + +Barthelat +1724 + +(G, K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, P). — S. loc., +♀ +, +Boivin 6 +(P). — S. loc., 1847-1852, fl. +♂ +, +Boivin 3171 +(P). — Bouzi?, + +IX.1850 + +, +♀ +, +Boivin s.n. +(P). — S. loc., 1847-1852, fl. +♂ +, +Boivin s.n. +(P). — S. loc., 1849, fl. +♀ +, +Boivin s.n. +(P). — S. loc. 1847-1852, fl. +♂ +, +Boivin s.n. +(P). — Grande Terre, réserve forestière +du Bénara +, montée vers +le Tchaourembo +, fr., + +28.XI.2000 + +, +Labat et al. 3299 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Grande Terre, Dapani, forêt +de Dapani +, + +150-250 m + +, + +13.II.2007 + +, fl. +♂ +, +Mouly et al. 647 +(BR, K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, P); fl. +♀ +, +Mouly et al. 648 +(BR, K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, P). — Grande Terre, Mlima Hachiroungou, + +200-300 m + +, + +14.II.2007 + +, fl. +♀ +, +Mouly 664 +(BR, G, K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, +NY +, P, S, TAN); fl. +♂ +, +Mouly 667 +(K, MAYOTTE, P) + +. + + + +FIG. 1. — + +Peponidium ovato-oblongum +(K.Schum.) Mouly + +: +A +, branche fertile d’un individu mâle; +B +, détail des feuilles apicales; +C +, inflorescence mâle; +D +, détail de l’inflorescence mâle, avec fleurs à l’anthèse et en boutons; +E +, inflorescences femelles; +F +, fleur femelle, en vue apicale; +G +, fruit. Échelles: A, B, 3 cm; C, 8 mm; D, 3 mm; E-G, 1 cm. Dessins effectués à partir de photos de MM. Barthelat, Labat et Mouly. + + +DESCRIPTION + +Petit à grand arbre de 6-15(-20) m de hauteur, à port droit et ramifications orthogonales, rameaux à section rectangulaire, extérieurement glabre; écorce brun foncé, tachée de blanc, légèrement fendillée longitudinalement; jeunes rameaux couverts de lenticelles noires. Feuilles coriaces, vert tendre à vert foncé, séchant brun foncé-roux; limbe elliptico-ovale à ovale, 7-11 × +4-8 cm +, légèrement acuminé à l’apex, et légèrement atténué, ou arrondi à faiblement cordé à la base, souvent légèrement asymétrique; pétiole +1,5-2,5 cm +de longueur, vert; nervure primaire verte, saillante dessous, les secondaires faiblement saillantes, parallèles entre elles, les tertiaires inapparentes; domaties foliaires absentes. Stipules vert foncé, libres, larges, en bec de canard, semi-circulaires, arrondies au sommet, +4-6 mm +de longueur, rapidement caduques. + + +Inflorescences axillaires, opposées aux noeuds; les mâles corymbiformes, 10-15 fleurs env., à floraisons légèrement décalées, portées par un pédoncule primaire, +0,5-1,2 cm +; les femelles cymeuses, 2 ou 3 fleurs, portées par un pédoncule primaire, +1-2 mm +. Fleurs 5-mères, à préfloraison valvaire; fleurs mâles petites, à pédicelles grêles de +0,5 mm +de longueur env., hypanthe de +0,5 mm +de diamètre, corolle blanc jaunâtre à tube campanulo-urcéolé de +2-3 mm +de longueur, gorge couverte de poils moniliformes, lobes courts, +1,5-2 mm +de longueur environ, mucronés à l’apex, étamines insérées à la gorge, anthères subsessiles, oblongues, de +0,5 mm +de longueur, style de +2-3 mm +de longueur, stigmate en massue courte, ovaire réduit; fleurs femelles, petites, hypanthe +1,5 mm +de diamètre, calice à tube court, tronqué, corolle semblable à celle des mâles, étamines insérées à la gorge, anthères subsessiles, oblongues, de +0,5 mm +de longueur, stériles, style de +2-3 mm +de longueur, stigmate en massue courte, 3-5-lobées, ovaire 3-5- loculaire, loges uniovulées à ovule pendant. + + +Fruit drupacé, vert immature, puis orangé, subsphérique à lobé sur le frais, fortement lobé, charnu, 1-1,1 × +1-1,3 cm +sur le sec, (1-)3-5-sperme, porté par un pédicelle épais de +5-6 mm +de longueur; pyrène elliptico-oblong, comprimé latéralement, de +0,8-0,9 cm +de longueur. Graine charnue, à albumen entier. + +ÉCOLOGIE ET DISTRIBUTION + + +Peponidium ovato-oblongum + +est endémique de la Grande Terre de +Mayotte +, et assez commun. Il est présent dans de nombreuses localités, notamment les massifs montagneux, de moyenne altitude aux sommets, mais aussi en forêt de plaine. Il affectionne les forêts humides, primaires ou secondarisées, et les forêts de crêtes et de nuages. Il peut occasionnellement se rencontrer en milieux plus perturbés en cours de restructuration. La localité douteuse «Bouzi » donnée par Boivin est probablement une erreur, car l’espèce n’a pas été vue par le présent auteur sur l’îlot aujourd’hui classé réserve forestière nationale française. Toutefois, la végétation de cet îlot est très dégradée de nos jours, et l’espèce a pu y avoir été présente par le passé. + +REMARQUES + +L’espèce est plastique, mais peut se reconnaître facilement par ses feuilles généralement grandes, ovales à sub-circulaires, atteignant facilement +10 cm +de longueur, mais surtout par ses stipules semi-circulaires très caractéristiques. Son port est relativement variable, formant de gros arbustes, de petits arbres élancés,jusqu’à de gros arbres émergents très ramifiés. Une espèce du nord de +Madagascar +, probablement non décrite ( +Bremer et al. 5281 +, S,TAN) possède une morphologie végétative quasi identique à + +P. ovatooblongum + +. Cependant leurs fruits sont vraiment dissemblables, ceux de l’espèce de +Madagascar +sont fortement bilobés, biloculaires, et à pyrènes subglobuleux de 1-1.5 cm de diamètre chacun. + + +L’épithète spécifique de +Schumann (1901) +a été placé sous + +Psychotria + +, avec réserve de l’auteur, por- tant commentaire du fait que l’espèce partage des ressemblances avec les « + +Plectronia + +». Cette remarque fondée est aujourd’hui approuvée, et l’échantillon type désigné par Schumann, +Humblot 1367 +, cité par erreur de numérotation des herbiers +Humblot 367 +, s’apparente sans doute possible à celui utilisé par +Arènes (1960) +pour décrire son espèce. Les descriptions morphologiques sont également tout à fait concordantes entre elles. Le nom décrit par +Schumann (1901) +est prioritaire. Un +lectotype +est choisi parmi les parts du matériel original déposées à Paris, suite à la destruction à Berlin de l’holotype. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/09/87/160987E2D84D417105D690B779BC7529.xml b/data/16/09/87/160987E2D84D417105D690B779BC7529.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d31e7c8b797 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/09/87/160987E2D84D417105D690B779BC7529.xml @@ -0,0 +1,394 @@ + + + +Les Rubiaceae émergentes de la canopée endémiques de l’archipel des Comores: affinités floristiques dans l’océan Indien et taxonomie + + + +Author + +Mouly, Arnaud + +text + + +Adansonia + + +2009 + +3 + + +2009-06-30 + + +31 + + +1 + + +197 +206 + + + + +http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/a2009n1a14 + +journal article +10.5252/a2009n1a14 +1639-4798 +4601193 + + + + + + +Pyrostria heliconioides +Mouly + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + +( +Fig. 2 +) + + +Ab alteris comoriensibus +Pyrostriae +speciebus, primum omnino connatis (vs. liberis), deinde secedentibus laterali fissura ut videtur secus costam flores praebentibusque inflorescentiarum bracteis, feminibus unifloris (vs. plurifloris) inflorescentiis atque 5-6-spermis (vs. 1-2-spermis) fructibus, praecipue differt. + + + +TYPUS. — + +Mayotte. +Grande Terre + +, +Tsararano +, +Réserve +forestière +du Bénara +, chemin de crête, + +6.I.2004 + +, fr., + +Barthelat +et al. 1261 + +(holo-, P; iso-, BR, K, +MAYOTTE +, +MO +) + +. + + + +PARATYPES +. — + +Mayotte +. + +Grande Terre +, +Tsararano +, +Réserve +forestière +du Bénara +, chemin de crête, + +7.I.2003 + +, fr., + +Barthelat +et al. 1125 + +(MAYOTTE, P). — +Grande Terre +, +Bouéni +, falaise +du Boungoudranavi +, éboulis de bas de falaise, + +17.XI.2004 + +, fl. +♂ +, + +Barthelat +et al. 1387 + +(MAYOTTE, P, S). — S. loc., + +Pascal +159 + +(MAYOTTE, P). — +Grande Terre +, +Sohoa +, +Plateau +, + +150-210 m + +, + +10.II.2007 + +, + +Mouly +600 + +(BR, MAYOTTE, P, TAN). — +Mlima Vatounkaridi +, + +14.XI.1995 + +, fl. +♂ +, + +Pascal +192 + +(K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, P). — Sohoa, fr., + +16.I.1996 + +, +Pascal 326 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Dapani, + +16.I.1996 + +, +Pascal 330 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Dapani, fr., + +23.I.1996 + +, +Pascal 352 +(K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, P). — Bépilipili, + +530 m + +, + +6.VIII.1996 + +, fl., +Pascal 625 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Sohoa, + +200 m + +, + +22.VIII.1996 + +, +Pascal 641 +(MAYOTTE, P); +Pascal 642 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Bénara, + +400 m + +, + +10.X.1996 + +, +Pascal 710 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Dapani, + +150 m + +, + +24.X.1996 + +, +Pascal 747 +(MAYOTTE, P). — Sohoa, + +200 m + +, + +12.XII.1996 + +, fl. +♂ +, + +Pascal +& +Labat +791 + +(MAYOTTE, P). — Sohoa, + +200 m + +, + +5.II.1997 + +, fr., +Pascal 885 +(BR, K, MAYOTTE, +MO +, P). — +Dapani +, + +200 m + +, + +28.V.1997 + +, fl. fr., +Pascal 938 +(K, MAYOTTE, P). — S. loc., fl. +♀ +, +Ralimanana 302 +(K, MAYOTTE) + +. + +DESCRIPTION + +Arbuste +3-4 m +ou arbre de 7-16(-20) m de hauteur, à port droit et ramifications orthogonales, rameaux larges à section rectangulaire, extérieurement glabres; écorce brun foncé, légèrement fendillée longitudinalement. Feuilles coriaces vert tendre à vert foncé, brun clair à légèrement foncé à sec; limbe elliptique à elliptico-ovale,2-12,5× +1-5,5 cm +,légèrement acuminé à l’apex, et atténué à la base, souvent légèrement asymétrique; pétiole +0,8-1,6 cm +de longueur, rougeâtre chez les jeunes; nervure primaire blanchâtre, rarement orangée, les secondaires peu marquées à inapparentes; domaties foliaires souvent présentes à l’aisselle des nervures secondaires, en forme de fossettes, larges et légèrement pileuses intérieurement.Stipules vert foncé, fusionnées à la base, larges et légèrement carénées, +3-6 mm +de longueur, rapidement caduques. + + +Inflorescences axillaires, opposées aux noeuds, les mâles en ombelles 6-12-flores, les femelles uniflores, portées par un pédoncule primaire court, +0,3-0,5 cm +, terminé par une paire de bractées, +0,6-0,8 cm +, entièrement fusionnées à part les acumens, intérieurement densément couvertes de poils blanchâtres, s’ouvrant en forme de spathe par déchirure unilatérale, pour libérer la ou les fleurs.Fleurs 4-6-mères,à préfloraison valvaire indupliquée;fleurs mâles généralement4-mères,petites, à pédicelles grêles de +0,2-0,3 mm +de longueur, hypanthes de +1,5 mm +de diamètre, corolle blanc jaunâtre ou rosée à tube cylindrique de +3-4 mm +de longueur, pileux à l’intérieur,gorge couverte de poils moniliformes dressés à l’anthèse,lobes courts, +1-1,5 mm +de longueur, mucronés à l’apex, ovaire réduit; fleurs femelles 5-6- mères, hypanthes +4-5 mm +de diamètre, calice sans tube vrai, mais pourvu de lobes courts asymétriques, corolle blanc jaunâtre ou rosée, à tube cylindrique de +3-4 mm +de longueur, pileux à l’intérieur, lobes courts, +1-1,5 mm +de longueur, mucronés à l’apex, ovaire à 5 ou 6 loges uniovulées, ovule pendant. + + +Fruits drupacés, subsphériques sur le frais, larges et charnus, 3 × +2 cm +sur le frais, 1,5-2 × +1-1,5 cm +sur le sec, 5-6-spermes, à pyrènes longs de +1,5 cm +environ, comprimés latéralement, à carène dorsoapicale. Graine charnue, à albumen entier. + +ÉTYMOLOGIE + +Le nom attribué à l’espèce fait référence à ses inflorescences caractéristiques, dont l’ouverture latérale des bractées en face ventrale leur confère une forme spathoïde tout à fait remarquable, et dont le rejet en face dorsale (gaine bractéale horizontale et fleurs dressées vers le haut) rappelle quelque peu les bractées et les inflorescences d’ + +Heliconia +L. + + +ÉCOLOGIE ET DISTRIBUTION + + +Pyrostria heliconioides + +est une espèce endémique de +Mayotte +moins commune que + +Peponidium ovatooblongum + +et relativement discrète malgré sa taille. Il est présent dans de nombreuses localités sur la Grande Terre, notamment les massifs montagneux, de moyenne altitude aux sommets. Il affectionne les forêts humides, primaires ou secondarisées, et les forêts de crêtes et de nuages. La forme spathoïde des bractées inflorescentielles facilite la détermination de terrain et d’herbier des échantillons fertiles. + +REMARQUE + +L’espèce est variable, mais peut se reconnaître facilement par ses feuilles généralement grandes, coriaces, munies de domaties en fossettes très visibles à l’aisselle de nervures sur la face inférieure du limbe. Son port change suivant qu’elle pousse sur crête (arbuste) ou en forêt (petit à grand arbre). Ses inflorescences à bractées fusionnées sont typiques des espèces auparavant décrites sous + +Pseudopeponidium +Homolle ex Arènes + +( +Arènes 1960 +), genre qui a été récemment mis en synonymie de + +Pyrostria +( + +Razafimandimbison +et al. +2009 + +) + +. + +NOMS VERNACULAIRES + +Sary hompi malandi be +(Shibushi); +Sary hompi malandi +(Shibushi); +Sari vavalouza +(Shibushi); +Sari hompi malandi bé +(Shibushi); +Sari hompi malandy kéli +(Shibushi); +Ampiadi lahi malandi bé +(Shibushi); +Mogne satza +(Shimaorais). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/12/160A12519E1E58265102510F82FE92B6.xml b/data/16/0A/12/160A12519E1E58265102510F82FE92B6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..609e10f3af2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/12/160A12519E1E58265102510F82FE92B6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa mountain (FYR Macedonia) + + + +Author + +Deltshev, Christo + + + +Author + +Komnenov, Marjan + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin + + + +Author + +Georgiev, Teodor + + + +Author + +Lazarov, Stoyan + + + +Author + +Stojkoska, Emilija + + + +Author + +Naumova, Maria + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +977 +977 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977 +1314-2828--977 + + + + +fasciata +Phlegra +Araneae +Arachnida +Arthropoda +Animalia + + + + +Phlegra fasciata (Hahn, 1826) + + + +Materials +Type status: Other material + +Occurrence: recordedBy: +C. Deltshev & M. Komnenov +; sex: +1 female +; Location: country: +FYR of Macedonia +; locality: +Galichitsa Mt., Zhichara +; verbatimElevation: +1797 m +; Event: eventDate: + +20-06-2008 + + + + +Distribution +Palearctic. + + +Notes + +Previously recorded from unspecified locality between Resen - Ohrid ( +Drensky 1929 +, +Drensky 1936 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/70/160A7068C957E28C97EABCCD7486076C.xml b/data/16/0A/70/160A7068C957E28C97EABCCD7486076C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9ae3685a222 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/70/160A7068C957E28C97EABCCD7486076C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ + + + +Two new species and a remarkable record of the genus Dendronotus from the North Pacific and Arctic oceans (Nudibranchia) + + + +Author + +Korshunova, Tatiana + + + +Author + +Sanamyan, Nadezhda + + + +Author + +Zimina, Olga + + + +Author + +Fletcher, Karin + + + +Author + +Martynov, Alexander + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +630 + + +19 +42 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10397 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10397 +1313-2970-630-19 +F11A13A673B744FAB36C416F07E92A1D +F11A13A673B744FAB36C416F07E92A1D + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Nudibranchia Dendronotidae + + + +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. +Figs 1, 3A + + + +Type material. + +Holotype, ZMMU Op-561, 19 mm long (preserved), Laptev Sea, R/V "Dalnie Zelentsy", sta. O-48, 74°34.9' +N- +74°35.1'N, 115°43.4' +E- +115°42.2'E, 04.10.2014, depth 15 m, drague, sand, collector O.L. Zimina. 3 paratypes, ZMMU Op-562-Op-564, same locality and collectors as holotype. + + + +Type locality. +Laptev Sea. + + +Etymology. +After the Arctic region. + + +Diagnosis. +5-6 pairs dorsolateral appendages, colour brownish with scattered distinct opaque white dots, central tooth with up to 14 small denticles and reduced furrows, vas deferens moderate in length, penis long, bent. + + +Description. + +Body elongate, up to 19 mm in length (Fig. 1 +A-C +), 6-8 branched appendages of oral veil, 5-6 appendages of rhinophoral stalks, 15-18 rhinophoral lamellae, branched rhinophoral lateral papilla present, 5-6 pairs dorsolateral appendages, 15-25 lip papillae. Dorsolateral appendages with moderate primary stalk, moderately branched secondary branches, and elongated tertiary branches (Fig. 1 +A-C +). Reproductive and anal openings placed laterally on right side. General colour brownish with scattered distinct opaque white dots on notum, tips of lateral appendages, oral appendages, lip papillae, and rhinophores (Fig. 1 +A-C +). + + + +Figure 1. +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n.: A holotype ZMMU Op-561, live, dorsal view B same, lateral view C paratype ZMMU Op-562, live, lateral view D holotype ZMMU Op-561, jaws and radula in situ, dorsal view E same, jaws, lateral views F same, penis G same, posterior rows of radula, SEM H same, details of central teeth, SEM I same, details of lateral teeth, SEM. Scale bars 30 +µm +. Photos of living specimens by Olga Zimina, other photos and SEM images by Alexander Martynov. + + + +Dorsal processes of jaws inclined posteriorly at approximately 55° to longitudinal axis of jaw body and 0.47 of its length (Fig. 1D, E). Masticatory processes apparently bear indistinct denticles. Radula formula is 38 +x +3 +-9.1.9- +3. Central tooth weakly denticulated and bearing up to 14 small denticles (Fig. 1 G, H) with reduced furrows. Lateral teeth are short, slightly curved, bearing up to nine long denticles (Fig. 1I). + + +Reproductive system triaulic (Fig. 3A), ampulla twice folded, prostate consisting of 25-30 alveolar glands, vas deferens moderate in length expanding to voluminous penial sheath, vagina long and twisted, penis long and twisted (Fig. 1F), and bursa copulatrix is large, rounded, and elongated with small seminal receptaculum placed distally (Fig. 3A) (nomenclature of the seminal reservoirs according to +Stout et al. 2011 +). + + + +Biology. +Inhabits soft substrates (sand, mud) with gravel and small stones. + + +Distribution. +Central and eastern coastal waters of Arctic Ocean. + + +Remarks. + +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. is well separated from other species of the genus +Dendronotus +: externally +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. is readily distinguished from all species of the genus +Dendronotus +by a light brownish ground colour with few distinct scattered white dots. There is little variation of colour in +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. compared to that of other +Dendronotus +species. The radula of +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. is similar to those of +Dendronotus albus +and +Dendronotus robilliardi +sp. n. but clearly differs by its pattern of central and lateral teeth. The radular differences include the presence of reduced furrows on the central teeth of +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n.: +Dendronotus albus +and +Dendronotus robilliardi +sp. n. have no furrows on their central teeth, whereas the central teeth of the common North Atlantic species +Dendronotus frondosus +have deep furrows. The common North Atlantic and Arctic species +Dendronotus lacteus +differs considerably from +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. by its radula (central teeth with deep furrows), colour, and reproductive system. Other species of the genus +Dendronotus +clearly differ from +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. by radular patterns. The reproductive system of +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. differs from those of +Dendronotus albus +and +Dendronotus robilliardi +sp. n. by the presence of a twisted penis, by the colour pattern of the dorsal appendages, by the shape of the central tooth, and by the thicker vagina. +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. can be clearly distinguished from the recently described NW Pacific species +Dendronotus kamchaticus +, +Dendronotus kalikal +, and +Dendronotus primorjensis +by the colour and the radular and reproductive system patterns. + + +Uncorrected p-distances are different between +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. and the sympatric Arctic species +Dendronotus lacteus +(range 10.0-10.8 % for COI, and 1.6-1.8% for 16S data set), and +Dendronotus robustus +(range 12.8-13.9% for COI, and 3.2-3.4% for 16S). P-distances are different between +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. and the North Pacific +Dendronotus kamchaticus +(range 8.6-10.0% for COI, and 2.3-2.7% for 16S), +Dendronotus kalikal +(10.1 % for COI, and 2.3-2.5% for 16S), and +Dendronotus primorjensis +(range 12.0-12.5% for COI, and 2.5-2.7% for 16S). Minimum interspecific distances of the COI marker separate +Dendronotus arcticus +sp. n. from other species with high genetic divergence: 10.1% from +Dendronotus kalikal +, 9.3% from +Dendronotus kamchaticus +, 10.5% from +Dendronotus lacteus +, 12.3% from +Dendronotus primorjensis +, and 13.4% from +Dendronotus robustus +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/87/160A87E488709934FF72FC6CFBEF93C2.xml b/data/16/0A/87/160A87E488709934FF72FC6CFBEF93C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..afb5a2a353c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/87/160A87E488709934FF72FC6CFBEF93C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Cypridopsis silvestrii comb. nov. (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from Patagonia, Argentina with morphometric analysis of their intraspecific shape variability and sexual dimorphism + + + +Author + +Pérez, Alejandra P. + + + +Author + +Coviaga, Corina A. + + + +Author + +Ramos, Lorena Y. + + + +Author + +Lancelotti, Julio + + + +Author + +Alperin, Marta + + + +Author + +Cusminsky, Gabriela C. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-02-28 + + +4563 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +28155 +10.11646/zootaxa.4563.1.4 +5cdd6d34-ed86-401a-8a34-ec188643e0a0 +1175-5326 +2949903 +FFF1E98B-B7F6-44B7-ADC0-1D13560CABC7 + + + + + + +Genus + +Cypridopsis +Brady, 1867 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + +Cypridopsis vidua +( +O. F. Müller, 1776 +) + + + + + +Diagnosis for the genus +(after +Karanovic 2012 +). Carapace ovate in lateral and dorsal view. H and W approximately equal, ½ L. LV overlapping RV ventrally. Posterior CIL of LV with a well-developed oblique inner list, which is close to the selvage in RV. Terminal segment of Mx palp cylindrical. Ramus of UR in females triangular, UR absent in males. Genital field with well-developed genital hooks. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/87/160A87E488709934FF72FD46FD999405.xml b/data/16/0A/87/160A87E488709934FF72FD46FD999405.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa09b5a38fd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/87/160A87E488709934FF72FD46FD999405.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Cypridopsis silvestrii comb. nov. (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from Patagonia, Argentina with morphometric analysis of their intraspecific shape variability and sexual dimorphism + + + +Author + +Pérez, Alejandra P. + + + +Author + +Coviaga, Corina A. + + + +Author + +Ramos, Lorena Y. + + + +Author + +Lancelotti, Julio + + + +Author + +Alperin, Marta + + + +Author + +Cusminsky, Gabriela C. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-02-28 + + +4563 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +28155 +10.11646/zootaxa.4563.1.4 +5cdd6d34-ed86-401a-8a34-ec188643e0a0 +1175-5326 +2949903 +FFF1E98B-B7F6-44B7-ADC0-1D13560CABC7 + + + + + + +Suborder + +Cypridocopina +Jones, 1901 + + + + + + + +Superfamily Cypridoidea +Baird, 1845 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/87/160A87E48870993BFF72FAB3FB5493A4.xml b/data/16/0A/87/160A87E48870993BFF72FAB3FB5493A4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5498b191161 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/87/160A87E48870993BFF72FAB3FB5493A4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,686 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Cypridopsis silvestrii comb. nov. (Ostracoda, Crustacea) from Patagonia, Argentina with morphometric analysis of their intraspecific shape variability and sexual dimorphism + + + +Author + +Pérez, Alejandra P. + + + +Author + +Coviaga, Corina A. + + + +Author + +Ramos, Lorena Y. + + + +Author + +Lancelotti, Julio + + + +Author + +Alperin, Marta + + + +Author + +Cusminsky, Gabriela C. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-02-28 + + +4563 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +28155 +10.11646/zootaxa.4563.1.4 +5cdd6d34-ed86-401a-8a34-ec188643e0a0 +1175-5326 +2949903 +FFF1E98B-B7F6-44B7-ADC0-1D13560CABC7 + + + + + + + +Cypridopsis silvestrii +( +Daday, 1902 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 2–5 +) + + +1902 + +Potamocypris silvestrii + +. +n. sp. +Daday: Tab. XIV, figs. 9–13. + + + + +1994 + +Plesiocypridopsis silvestrii +( +Daday, 1902 +) + +—Martens and Behen: 43, 64, + + +1996 + +Eucypris fontana +( +Graf, 1931 +) + +juvenile—Cusminsky and Whatley: pl. II, fig 14. + + +2005 + +Eucypris fontana +( +Graf, 1931 +) + +juvenile—Cusminsky +et al. +: pl. 2, fig 1 + + +2012 + +Eucypris cecryphalium +Cusminsky et al. 2005 + +—Ramón Mercau +et al +.: fig. 4.3. + + +2015 + +Eucypris cecryphalium +Cusminsky et al. 2005 + +—Ramón Mercau: fig. A1.5. + + +2017 + +Eucypris fontana +( +Graf, 1931 +) + +juvenile—Coviaga +et al. + + + + +Material examined: + +48 females +, +20 males +and +5 juveniles +. +Female +specimens were recovered from the seven sampled lakes, while males were found only in +El Toro lake +. +Seventeen +specimens were dissected and soft parts were mounted on permanent slides. +Valves +and carapaces were stored on micropaleontological slides. +All +individuals were deposited in the +Micropaleontological +collection of the +Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche +, +Universidad Nacional +del +Comahue +under the collection numbers UNC-PMIC 148-164 ( +Table 1 +). +All +material was collected by +APP +, +CAC + +, LR and JL. + + +Sampled locations +( +Fig. 1 +): lakes El Toro, La Proveedora, El Sello, Herradura, Potrero, Martinez 4 and Rodriguez 9. + + + + +Diagnosis: +Carapace sub-triangular in lateral view. Dorsal margin arched to slightly acuminate. Anterior edge broadly rounded and posterior margin rounded to slightly acuminate. In dorsal view, carapace elliptical, anterior and posterior ends pointed; LV slightly overlaps at both ends. Laterally compressed carapace (W:L approximately 0.40, n = 20). Surface densely and homogeneously covered with setae. Respiratory plate in T1 consists of two equally developed filaments. Teeth bristles in Mx smooth under medium magnification and under high magnification the tooth bristle adjacent to the 2 +nd +masticatory lobe shows fine serration. Seminiferous tubules: with a simple loop in anterior part of carapace. + + + + +Description of adult female. +Carapace small, L= 674 ± 19 µm (662–752, n=48), H= 384 ± 20 µm (364–405, n=48). Extremely poorly calcified carapace, mainly in specimens from El Sello lake. Carapace sub-triangular in lateral view. Dorsal margin arched to slightly acuminate. Anterior edge broadly rounded. Posterior margin rounded to slightly acuminate. Dorsal posterior margin falls towards postero-ventral border. Ventral border almost straight. Maximum height situated approximately anterior-mid length, H:L ratio around 58%. Valve surface pitted. Pore canals normal with homogenous distribution of setae ( +Fig. 2 A, D +, +Fig. 3 H, I +). Wart-shaped elevations distributed along anterior and posterior margins in both valves ( +Fig 2. D, E +). Carapace elliptical in dorsal view, anterior and posterior end pointed. LV slightly overlaps at anterior and posterior ends ( +Fig. 2 G +). Greatest W approximately equal to ½ L. In ventral view, LV overlapping RV. LV slightly overlapping RV anteriorly and posteriorly ( +Fig. 2 O +). In interior view, fused zone antero-ventral broadened ( + +Fig. +2 I +, N + +). Postero-ventral vestibule well developed ( +Fig. 2 K, L +). Inner lamella in ventral margin narrow ( +Fig. 2 J +). Posterior CIL of LV with an oblique inner list ( +Fig. 2 L, M +). Hinge adont, sulcus in RV and bar in LV ( +Fig.2 J, M +). Muscle scars with typical cypridopsine pattern ( +Fig. 3 D +). + + +In lateral view, the posterior margin is rounded in females of the ET bisexual population, while in females from ES, He, Po and Ro9 lakes, posterior border falls towards postero-ventral margin ( +Fig. 2 +and +3 +). According to morphometric analysis, specimens from ES and ET show significant differences in valve shape (see Geometric Morphometric Results). Non-intraspecific differences between the populations were detected either in morphology or chaetotaxy of the appendages. + + +A1 ( +Fig. 4 A +): Seven articulated segments. First segment with two unequal ventral plumose and one dorsal setae; Wouters organ not seen. Second segment with one anterior seta passing the middle of following segment; Rome organ not seen. Third segment elongated with unequal setae, one ventral and one dorsal. Fourth segment almost as long as wide, with one short ventral and two long dorsal setae. Fifth segment slightly longer than wide, with two short ventral setae and two long dorsal setae. Sixth segment slightly longer than wide, with four long natatory setae. Terminal segment about 4 times as long as wide, with two long natatory and one short seta. Aesthetasc ya around five times longer than terminal segment. + + +A2 ( +Fig. 4 B +): Second protopodal segment with one long ventral seta. Exopodite reduced, bearing one long and two short setae. First endopodal segment with short aesthetasc Y (about 1/3 length of segment) and one distal seta. Five well-developed swimming setae, exceeding the tips of the end claws, accompanying short (6 +th +) seta, less than half the length of the next segment. Second endopodal segment with two dorsal setae and four unequally developed t-setae. Distally with three z-setae and three claws. G1 and G3 similar in length, slightly longer than claw G2. Terminal endopodal segment with GM reaching the end of G1. Gm slender and shorter than GM. Aesthetasc y3 over half the length of Gm, and +g +seta shorter than y3. The appendage is partially covered with fine, short pseudochaetae. + + +Mb ( +Fig. 4 D +): Mandibular coxa elongated, set with rows of teeth, a small setae group and a single smooth seta on outer edge. Md palp normally developed. First segment with two long barbed setae, s1 and s2, one long smooth seta and the short (ca. 1/4 the length of accompanying seta), smooth α-seta. Second segment with three unequal dorsal smooth setae, ventrally with three long, smooth setae, one long plumose accompanying seta and a short, hirsute β-seta. Third segment with four unequal dorsal-subapical setae, one shorter than the others. Laterally with three slender, smooth setae and long, relatively robust and smooth γ -seta. Terminal segment with two claws and two equal setae. + +Rake, T-shaped like organ with seven to eight teeth. Not drawn. + +Mx ( +Fig. 4 E +): Palp two-segmented. Terminal segment cylindrical, about twice as long as broad and set with four setae. Teeth bristles of 3 +rd +masticatory lobe smooth under medium magnification; tooth bristle adjacent to the 2 +nd +masticatory lobe shows fine serration under high magnification. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Cypridopsis silvestrii + + +comb. nov. +A + +ES female RV external view (UNC-PMIC 149). +B +ET female RV external view (UNC-PMIC 153). +C +ET male RV external view (UNC-PMIC 158). +D–E +ES female LV external view (PMIC 148). +F +ET male LV external view (UNC-PMIC 158), +G +ET female Cp dorsal view (UNC-PMIC 154). +H +ET male Cp dorsal view (UNC- PMIC 159). +I–K +ES female RV internal view (PMIC 149). +L–N +ES female LV internal view (UNC-PMIC 148). +O +ET female Cp ventral view (UNC-PMIC 155). +P +ETC RV external view (UNC-PMIC 162). +Q +ETC LV internal view (UNC-PMIC 163). +R +He female LV internal view (UNC-PMIC 164). Scale bar= 300 µm; E= 50 µm and I, K, L, N= 100 µm. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Cypridopsis silvestrii + + +comb. nov. +A + +ET female Cp in left view. +B +ET male RV (UNC-PMIC 160). +C +ET male LV (UNC-PMIC 160). +D +ETC LV. +E +ET female RV (UNC-PMIC 156). +F +ET female LV (UNC-PMIC 157). +G +ES female Cp in left view. +H +ES female RV (UNC-PMIC 151). +I +ES female LV (UNC-PMIC 151). Scale bar= 100 µm. + + + +T1 ( +Fig. 5 B +): Protopod with two a-setae, respiratory plate reduced, consisting of two equally developed filaments only. Endites with eight apical setae, five of which are plumose, arranged more or less in a row. Endopodite palp apically with two unequal long setae and one short seta. + + +T2 ( +Fig. 5 F +): Basal segment, with short d2 seta, d1 missing. Endopod four-segmented, the first one longer than broad with e-seta not reaching the end of following segment. Second segment with long f-seta, reaching the end of the terminal segment. Third segment with a short g-seta. Terminal segment broad with tiny h3 seta, longer h1 seta and well-developed h2 serrated claw. + + +T3 ( +Fig. 5 H +): Basal segment with anterior d1 and d2 and one posterior dp seta. Proximal d2 ca. seven times longer than distal d1. Second segment elongate with short apical e-seta less than half the length of the next segment. Following two segments fused, f-seta protruding from mid-length, g-seta missing. Terminal segment with pincer organ, h3 long and slender, h1 short and h2 long and serrated, with thickened base. + + +UR ( + +Fig. +5 I + +): Strongly reduced and flagelliform, typical of the subfamily. Triangular base supporting one short subapical and one long apical seta. Genital field with well-developed genital hooks ( +Fig. 5 G +). + + +Description of adult male. +Caparace small. L= 664 ± 19 µm (620–709, n=20), H= 380 ± 11 µm (361–403, n=20). Subtle differences between male and female valve shapes ( +Fig. 2 +B–C, G–H, 3 B–E, C–F), detectable by morphometric analysis (see Geometric Morphometric Results). A1, Md, Mx, T2, T3 similar to those of adult female. + + +A2 ( +Fig. 4 C +): First two endopodal segments more slender than in females. The 1 +st +endopodal segment is around 2.5 times longer than wide and the 2 +nd +is around 3 times longer than wide (in females this ratio is ca. +2 in +both segments). First endopodal segment with an aesthetasc Y and one long posterior seta passing the distal end of the last segment. Five swimming setae on distal end of this segment; very long, exceeding the tips of the end claws, 6 +th +swimming seta long, over half the length of the next segment. The length of the five long natatory setae does not differ between males and females, while the 6 +th +seta is usually longer in males than in females. Second endopodal segment with two setae situated on the dorsal side and two short t-setae on the ventral side. Distally with one longer z2 and two shorter z1 and z3 setae. G1 and G2 similar in length, G3 slightly shorter. Terminal segment with Gm slender and shorter than GM. + + + +FIGURE 4 +. + +Cypridopsis silvestrii + + +comb. nov. + +A. A1 (UNC-PMIC 153 ES female). B. A2 (UNC-PMIC 155 ES female). C. A2 (UNC-PMIC 160 ET male). D. Md (UNC-PMIC 153 ES female). E. Md Palp (UNC-PMIC 153 ES female). Scale bar: 100 µm. + + + + +FIGURE 5 +. + +Cypridopsis silvestrii + + +comb. nov. + +A. Hemipenis (UNC-PMIC 160 male). B. T1 (UNC-PMIC 153 ES female). C. Lpp (UNC-PMIC 161 male). D. Rpp (UNC-PMIC 161 male). E Zenker organ (UNC-PMIC 160 male). F. T2 (UNC-PMIC 153 ES female). G. Genital hooks (UNC-PMIC 154 ES female). H. T3 (UNC-PMIC 153 ES female). I.UR (UNC-PMIC 154 ES female). Scale bar: 100 µm. + + + +T1: Protopod with two a-setae, with endite bearing 8 apical setae. Endopod transformed in two slightly asymmetrical prehensile palps. The left one ( +Fig. 5 C +) with thinner and less curved finger than right one ( +Fig. 5 D +). Subterminal segments of both palps stout, apical, with one sensory organ. + + +Hemipenis ( +Fig. 5 A +): Symmetrical, with outer and middle lobe separated. Rounded dorsal margin fingershape and curved outwards and bearing a small knob process on its inner margin. Middle lobe with rounded edge distally elongated with labyrinth typical of the subfamily. Zenker organ with 11 chitinous whorls ( +Fig. 5 E +). + + +Seminiferous tubules with a simple loop in the anterior part of carapace ( +Fig. 3 C +). + + +Measurements are summarized in +Table 1 +. + + + + +TABLE 1. +Measurements of dissected and stored individuals in µm. *carapace width. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
UNC-PMIC codeLocalitySexLH
148ESf726419
149ESf720400
150ESf695394
151ESf700382
152ESf695401
153ETf660348
154ETf687261*
155ETf662287*
156ETf687405
157ETf648386
158ETm657386
159ETm639377
160ETm645378
161ETm668384
162ETC-651384
163ETC-651372
164Hef742428
+ + + +Distribution and Ecology. + +Cypridopsis silvestrii + +was recorded in both northern and southern Patagonian environments from 40° to 48° S latitude and from 68° to 71° W longitude. It was also recovered in a lacustrine sequence from ET lake ( + +Coviaga +et al +. 2017 + +). The main environmental features of the surveyed lakes are summarised in +Table 2 +. In our study + +C. silvestrii + +was found living in stagnant waters with temperatures ranging from 4.6° to 21.3°C (15.3 ± 5.9 C°). Conductivity tolerance was remarkably high, from 126 µScm + +- +1 + +in individuals from ES, to 42400 µScm + +- +1 + +in ET population. This species preferred alkaline (9.1± 0.4) and well oxygenated waters (11.9±1.2 mgL +-1 +dissolved oxygen concentration). It is, therefore, a mesothermic and mesohaline species. Overall, these results may explain the wide geographical distribution ranges of + +C. silvestrii + +. Particularly, specimens from the northern Patagonian lake ET are mesohaline forms, and show the highest conductivity tolerance, while all southern specimens seem to be stenohaline fresher taxa ( +Table 2 +). + + +Geometric morphometric results. +Non-metric multidimensional scaling (n-MDS) analysis showed outline valve variation among ET and ES populations ( +Fig. 6 +). The main variation of this +type +was found in the posterodorsal margin. The parthenogenetic population of ES showed a more acuminate postero-dorsal margin than their amphigonic counterparts from ET, and these differences were statistically significant (ANOSIM R =0.79; p=0.1%). Furthermore, the valve outlines of specimens recovered from ETC overlap with + +C. silvestrii + +from ET lake morphospace ( +Fig. 6 +); no statistically significant shape differences between these groups (ETC-ET) were found (ANOSIM R=0.103; p=1.1%) indicating close similarity between the valve shape of living and subfossil individuals from ET lake. In relation to sexual dimorphism, valve outlines of males and females occupied distinct spaces on the n-MDS plot ( +Fig. 7 +) and shape difference was significant (ANOSIM R =0.45; p=0.1%). However, note that the R statistic, which characterises the degree of shape disparity, was lower than the ES-ET comparison, indicating that the valve outline differences between sexes was less marked than the differences between populations. Superposition of virtual mean outlines of both sexes showed that the female left valves were slightly different in the middle anterior area and more acuminate in the postero-ventral margin than males ( +Fig. 7 +). Most ETC valves lay well within the ET females’ morphospace, and only five valves from ETC overlapped with the males’ morphospace ( +Fig. 6 +). Valve shape dispersion, calculated as the mean area deviation from consensus (MDC), was higher in ES females (MDC±SE= 20.49± 1.63) than ET females (MDC±SE=14.79±0.82), ET males (MDC±SE=16.66±1.24) and ETC individuals (MDC±SE= 16.30±1) (K-W H +3;85 +=17.68 p=0.0005). The correlation between length and height in all + +C. silvestrii + +populations studied was significant (r = 0.67); however, the coefficient of determination was low (r +2 += 0.447), suggesting that both length and height should be used to evaluate size. Moreover, the shape was not correlated with the length (r = 0.4451) or height (r = 0.1352) of valves, suggesting the absence of allometry. When subfossil individuals from ETC were superimposed, most fell well within the “female side”, while only few valves superimposed onto the “male side” ( +Fig. 8 +). Mean size variations, i.e. length, height and H:L are summarized in +Figure 9 +. Significant differences in the length of carapaces were found between the four groups analysed (F +3,81 +=45.7, p=0.001). + +Cypridopsis silvestrii + +females from ES were larger (700.9±16.0 µm) than ET females (663.8 ± 18.1 µm, q=9.9, p<0.001), ET males (664.3±19.2 µm, q=9.8, p<0.001) and ETC specimens (642.5±13.7 µm; q=16.5, p<0.001). Non-significant differences were detected between the length of females and males from ET (q=0.1, p=1). Regarding valve heights, significant differences were found between the four groups analysed (F +3; 81 +=6.9, p<0.001). Valve heights from ES females (391.8± 13.5 µm) and ET females (391.5 ± 14.1 µm) were similar (q=0.1, p=1), whereas ET females were significantly taller than ET males (380.1±11.2 µm; q=4.1, p=0.02) and ETC individuals (378±10.9 µm; q=4.8, p=0.06). The ratio between H and L was different between groups (F +3,81 +=26.7, p<0.001). This ratio was lower in the elongated ES females (0.56± 0.02) than in ET females (0.59 ±0.01; q=10.4, p<0.001). Non significant differences in the H:L ratio were detected between ET females and ETC individuals (0.59 ±0.01; q=0.06, p=1). In sum, our findings showed that individuals of + +C. silvestrii + +from ES were significantly different in shape and had greater morphological variability in valve shape than individuals from ET. We also found that ES females were larger, taller and more elongated than those in the ET population. Regarding sexual dimorphism, female specimens were taller than males in ET and it was possible to find valve shape differences between females and males. Finally, we confirmed that the valves recovered from ETC which were identified as + +E. fontana + +juveniles ( + +Coviaga +et al. +2017 + +), are actually + +C. silvestrii + +adults. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/93/160A9330489F60D98A63856960FBC2A7.xml b/data/16/0A/93/160A9330489F60D98A63856960FBC2A7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c8e35d92962 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/93/160A9330489F60D98A63856960FBC2A7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +A catalogue of the fishes held in the Istanbul University, Science Faculty, Hydrobiology Museum. + + + +Author + +Nurettin Meriç + + + +Author + +Lütfiye Eryilmaz + + + +Author + +Müfit Özulug + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1472 + + +29 +54 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:428F3980-C1B8-45FF-812E-0F4847AF6786 + +journal article +z01472p029 + + + + +Knipowitschia mermere Ahnelt, 1995 + + + + + +Inland water: +35700-545 +(17 spc.), + +10.06.2006 + +, +Lake Marmara at village Tekelioglu +, +Manisa +, +38°35.698'N +27°59.745'E +, + +M. +Oezulug +, J. Freyhof + + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C600FFF22A9C9FEE321C7EE4.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C600FFF22A9C9FEE321C7EE4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8f608cdf870 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C600FFF22A9C9FEE321C7EE4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,372 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar sepitus + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 457–458 +, +506–515 +, +533 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most similar known species ( + +M. beckeri + +; see Note below) by modifications of male chelicerae ( +Figs 510–511 +; median pair of apophyses much longer); also by male pedipalp ( +Figs 506–507, 509 +; shape of procursus: ventral process, distal and prolateral flaps), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 512–514 +; anterior plate strongly elevated, with pair of indistinct humps and anterior pocket). From all other known congeners also by massive procursus partly wrapped around weakly sclerotized process of genital bulb. + + +Note +. This species is very similar in several respects to a species originally described as + +Teuia beckeri +Huber, 2000 + +. The proximal palpal segments are almost identical (femur much larger than tibia; tibia distally strongly projecting on retrolateral-ventral side), both species share the unique procursus partly wrapped around the weakly sclerotized process of the genital bulb, and both species share two pairs of processes proximally on the male chelicerae (compare +Figs 506–511 +and Huber 2000: figs +1259–1262 +). + +Teuia beckeri + +was placed in its own genus because the main putative synapomorphies of + +Mesabolivar + +were missing: the median epigynal pocket and the corresponding pair of male cheliceral apophyses close to the median line. The species newly described here clearly shows both of these characters. Molecular data (Eberle +et al. +, unpublished data; see Appendices 1–2) place + +M. sepitus + +in the + +difficilis + +group of + +Mesabolivar + +. As a consequence, the monotypic genus + +Teuia +Huber, 2000 + +is here synonymized with + +Mesabolivar +González-Sponga, 1998 + +, and the +type +species is transferred accordingly: + +Mesabolivar beckeri +(Huber, 2000) + +, +n. comb. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the bulbal process being enveloped or enwrapped by the procursus (Latin + +sepitus + += confined, hedged, surrounded); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21536–37), +4♂ +13♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19209–10), Serra Geral National Park, Churriado Canyon ( +29.137°S +, +49.953°W +), forest near river, +150 m +a.s.l., +20.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-164), same data as type material + +. 3♂ 6♀, ZFMK (Ar 19211), Serra Geral National Park, forest along road at ~ +700 m +a.s.l. (29.182°S, 50.008°W), +21.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-169), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.0, carapace width 1.3. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 110 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.60. Leg 1: 24.1 (6.1 + 0.5 + 6.4 + 9.6 + 1.5), tibia 2: 3.9, tibia 3: 3.2, tibia 4: 4.8; tibia 1 L/d: 67. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.16, 0.35, 0.13. Tibiae 3 also clearly thicker than other tibiae. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with slightly darker radiating marks, brown around ocular area; sternum light brown; legs ochre-brown, without dark or light rings; abdomen dorsally and laterally densely covered with bluish marks, ventrally with large light brown area in front of gonopore, without darker area in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 457 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 510–511 +; with two pairs of processes proximally: one pair of long pointed apophyses with curved tips near median line and one pair of shorter processes with rounded tips laterally. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 506–507 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur very long, proximally slender with retrolateral process, distally widened; tibia much smaller than femur, distally strongly projecting on retrolateral-ventral side; tarsus with small dorsal process; procursus with large prolateral flap partly wrapped around bulbal process, distally with membranous and sclerotized elements ( +Fig. 509 +); genital bulb with simple weakly sclerotized process ( +Fig. 508 +). + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +seven other males 5.7–6.6 (mean 6.2). + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 458 +) but all femora (and tibiae) approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +19 females +: 4.2–4.7 (mean 4.5). Epigynum as in +Figs 512–514 +; anterior epigynal plate simple, protruding, with anterior pocket and pair of indistinct humps; posterior plate with pair of anterior sclerites, lighter median area and posterior wide sclerotized margin. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 515 +, +533 +, with pair of oval pore-plates converging anteriorly. + + + +FIGURES 506–511. + +Mesabolivar sepitus + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19209). 506–507. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 508. Left bulb, retrolateral view. 509. Left procursus, dorsal view. 510–511. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. Scale lines: 0.5 (506–509; 508 and 509 at same scale), 0.3 (510–511). + + + + +FIGURES 512–519. + +Mesabolivar sepitus + + +sp. n. + +(512–515, ZFMK Ar 19210) and + +M. cavicelatus +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + +(516– 519). 512–514. Epigynum, lateral, ventral, and ventral-frontal views (arrow points at pocket). 515. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. 516–517. Left procursi, prolateral views, males from Penedo (516, ZFMK Ar 19214) and St. Hilaire/Lange (517, ZFMK Ar 19220). 518–519. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views, females from Penedo (518, ZFMK Ar 19215) and St. Hilaire/Lange (519, ZFMK Ar 19220). Scale lines: 0.3. + + + + +FIGURES 520–537. +Female epigyna in various views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, + +Mesabolivar difficilis + +group. 520. + +M. itajai + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19197). 521. + +M. niteroi + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19198). 522–524. + +M. difficilis +(Mello-Leitão, 1918) + +(ZFMK Ar 19201), epigyna in lateral, frontal, and posterior (slightly ventral) views. 525–530. +M. +sp. (“ + +M. difficilis +” in Bonaldo +et al. +2009 + +) from Presidente Figueiredo (525–527, ZFMK Ar 19205) and from Manaus (528–530, SMNK-ARA 12794) (522–530 at same scale and in same views). 531. + +M. saci + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19207). 532. + +M. constrictus + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19208). 533. + +M. sepitus + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19210). 534–537. + +M. cavicelatus +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + +(epigyna: ventral views), from Penedo (534–535, ZFMK Ar 19215) and from Ubatuba (536–537, ZFMK Ar 19218). + + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in small cavities in the ground, under dead wood and among the basis of bromeliad leaves. When disturbed, they ran a small distance and vibrated rapidly with small amplitude. +Distribution. +Known from two neighboring sites in Serra Geral National Park, +Santa Catarina +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 739 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C606FFF72A9C9EE537B37E46.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C606FFF72A9C9EE537B37E46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8239f340529 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C606FFF72A9C9EE537B37E46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,233 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar constrictus + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 454–456 +, +498–505 +, +532 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most congeners (except + +M. saci + +) by subdistal constriction of male chelicerae ( +Fig. 498 +); also by details of male palp (procursus S-shaped in dorsal view, +Fig. 499 +; femur very large relative to tibia; cf. +Fig. 490 +), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 501–504 +; anterior plate with pair of large processes, median pocket, and small median anterior process); from the very similar + +M. saci + +by tip of procursus in frontal view (compare +Figs 491 +, +499 +), by absence of proximal anterior processes on male chelicerae (compare +Figs 493 +, +500 +), and by pair of epigynal processes strongly bent backwards (compare +Figs 495 +, +504 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the unusual constriction in the male chelicerae (Latin + +constrictus + += compressed, squeezed, contracted); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21534–35), +3♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19208), Três Barras National Forest ( +26.242°S +, +50.301°W +), +800 m +a.s.l., +14.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +5♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br14-146), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 1.8, carapace width 0.87. Distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 80 µm, distance PME-ALE 60 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 25 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.67/ 0.47. Leg 1: 8.8 (2.0 + 0.3 + 2.1 + 3.0 + 0.7), tibia 2: 1.4, tibia 3: 1.1, tibia 4: 2.1; tibia 1 L/d: 23. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.18, 0.24, 0.24, 0.17. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-yellow, legs without light or dark rings; abdomen dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark bluish marks, ventrally pale greenish gray with light brown marks in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 454 +; ocular area raised; carapace with shallow but distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of strong frontal processes and distinctive subdistal constriction ( +Figs 498, 500 +). + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. saci + +(cf. +Figs 489–490 +); only procursus in dorsal view clearly different ( +Fig. 499 +). + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 8.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~15 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 2.0, 2.1, 2.1. One male with whitish abdomen ( +Fig. 455 +). + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +five females: 1.6–1.9 (mean 1.8). Epigynum as in +Figs 501–504 +; complex anterior plate with small anterior median process, median pocket, and pair of large processes strongly bent backwards; posterior plate anteriorly raised. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 505 +, +532 +, very small relative to external genitalia, with pair of round pore-plates close together. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in relatively humid places under logs and branches on the ground, in tiny webs built in small holes in the ground. One egg sac contained ~ +10 eggs +. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Santa Catarina +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 739 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C608FFF92A9C9B36318C7DBE.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C608FFF92A9C9B36318C7DBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e600495117 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C608FFF92A9C9B36318C7DBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia +González-Sponga, 1998 + + + + + + + + +Carapoia +González-Sponga, 1998: 18 + +–19. Type species by original designation: + +C. paraguaensis +González-Sponga, 1998 + +. Huber 2000: 238; 2005: 542–543; 2016: 5–11. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60AFF052A9C9F8C36497F81.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60AFF052A9C9F8C36497F81.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..66155c25943 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60AFF052A9C9F8C36497F81.xml @@ -0,0 +1,427 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia munduruku + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 552–553 +, +564–572 +, +625–627 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar congeners ( + +C. fowleri + +, + +C. ocaina + +) by shape of procursus (distinctive bifid tip; +Figs 565, 568–570 +), by armature of male chelicerae (pair of small frontal apophyses set with modified hairs and further patch of modified hairs proximal of apophyses; +Figs 566–567 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (roughly triangular epigynal plate; distinctive median internal sclerite between pore-plates, the latter consisting of many platelets; +Figs 571–572 +, +625–627 +). + + + + +FIGURES 552–563. +Live specimens, + +Carapoia paraguaensis + +group. 552–553. + +C. munduruku + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Tapajós. 554–556. + +C. ocaina +Huber, 2000 + +, males and female from Tabatinga. 557–560. + +C. fowleri +Huber, 2000 + +, males from Presidente Figueiredo and Manaus, females from Presidente Figueiredo. 561–563. + +C. tapajos + + +sp. n. + +, males and female from Tapajós. + + + + +FIGURES 564–572. + +Carapoia munduruku + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19225–26). 564–565. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 566–567. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 568–570. Left procursus, dorsal, prolateral, and retrolateral views. 571. Epigynum, ventral view. 572. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (564–567), 0.2 (568–570), 0.3 (571– 572). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name honors the Munduruku, an indigenous people of +Brazil +traditionally living in the Tapajós river valley; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21540–41), and +22♂ +11♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19225–26), Floresta Nacional de Tapajós, km 83 ( +3.049°S +, +54.928°W +), +95 m +a.s.l., +14–18.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-260), same data as types + +. + +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19227), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 1’ ( +2.847°S +, +54.972°W +), + +180 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19228), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 2’ ( +2.875°S +, +54.941°W +), + +190 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +11♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19229), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 221 ( +4.046°S +, +54.938°W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-275), same data + +. + +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19230), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 72, ‘site 1’, near river ( +2.896°S +, +55.064°W +), + +40 m +a.s.l. + +, + +17.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-279), same data + +. + +4♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19231), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 72, ‘site 2’ ( +2.940°S +, +54.933°W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +17.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.8, carapace width 1.8. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 130 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.1/ 0.65. Leg 1: 52.7 (12.4 + 0.7 + 12.0 + 24.8 + 2.8), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 5.3, tibia 4: 6.4; tibia 1 L/d: 75. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.30, 0.34, 0.38, 0.33; also tibiae 3 significantly thicker than other tibiae. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre, with brown lateral margins, brown triangular mark posteriorly, orange-brown mark behind ocular area; ocular area not darkened; clypeus with orange median band; sternum orange; legs brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae slightly lighter; abdomen pale orange-gray, few internal dark marks laterally, ventrally with brown plate in front of gonopore, long median mark behind gonopore, indistinct large light brown plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 552 +; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 566–567 +, pair of small frontal apophyses set with ~15 modified hairs each and further patch of ~15 modified hairs proximal of apophysis. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 564–565 +; coxa with small retrolateral each apophysis; trochanter with small ventral process; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally that is curved towards prolateral at its tip, indistinct dorsal hump; procursus straight, with bifid tip, one branch sclerotized, one membranous; genital bulb with slender curved apophysis, bulbal process with large mostly membranous dorsal protrusion. + +LEGS. Without spines, with curved hairs on all tibiae, on femora 1 and 4 (few), and on metatarsi 1 (few), few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~35 pseudosegments, distally very distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +39 other males: 9.9–12.1 (mean 11.3). Some males with fewer curved hairs on legs (e.g., only tibiae 1 and few on tibiae 4). Abdominal pattern variable: sometimes without long median ventral mark, rarely with dark marks also dorsally. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 553 +) but without curved hairs on legs, all femora (and tibiae) approximately same width, and with dark rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally). Tibia +1 in +24 females +: 7.3–9.3 (mean 8.2). Epigynum as in +Figs 571 +, +625 +; anterior plate roughly triangular, brown, weakly protruding; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; narrow and barely visible posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 572 +, +627 +, with large oval pore-plates consisting of many platelets, distinctive median sclerite between pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were very abundant from close to the ground up to about +1 m +, juveniles even higher. Webs often appeared unusually ‘dirty’, and consistently had a second, flat sheet of silk under the domed main sheet. Most females had large brown genital plugs ( +Fig. 626 +). + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several sites in Floresta Nacional de Tapajós in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 741 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60CFFFD2A9C9FC530517F99.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60CFFFD2A9C9FC530517F99.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8ea8218cb84 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60CFFFD2A9C9FC530517F99.xml @@ -0,0 +1,424 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar cavicelatus +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + + + + + +Figs 463–465 +, +516–519 +, +534–537 + + + + + +Mesabolivar + +sp. 5: Astrin +et al. +2006: 444 (molecular data: CO1, 16S). + + + + + + +Mesabolivar cavicelatus + + +Machado +et al. +2007b + +: 171 + + +, figs 24–33 (♂♀, Brazil: São Paulo). + + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amendments; see + +Machado +et al. +2007b + +). This species is similar to + +M. tandilicus +(Mello-Leitão, 1940) + +(see redescription in + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +). Males of the two species can be distinguished by the cheliceral armature (frontal apophyses more proximal and longer in + +M. tandilicus + +; compare + +Machado +et al. +2007b + +: figs 24–25 with + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +: figs 1–2) and by the tip of the procursus (more complex modifications in + +M. tandilicus + +; compare +Fig. 516 +with + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +: fig. 6); females of + +M. tandilicus + +differ by presence low processes at posterior margin of epigynal plate (Huber 2000: fig. 828; + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +: fig. 8). + + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +São Paulo + +: +♂ +holotype + +, 1♀ paratype, + +IBSP +(53009–10), +São Paulo +, +Parque Estadual de Cantareira +( +46°37’S +, +23°25’W +), + +2–7.v.2005 + +( +holotype +) and + +13–20.xii.2001 + +( +paratype +) ( +F. Yamamoto +), not examined (according to +Machado 2011 +, the +types +were lost in the +Butantan +fire of + +May 2010 + +) + +. + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +22♂ +15♀ +5 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19212–16), ~ + +4 km +NW Penedo + +( +22°24.5’S +, 44°33.0’–33.4’W), forest along river, + +700–770 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14–16.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; 2♂ 8♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br07/100-8, 13, 39). + + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +São Paulo + +: +19♂ +36♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19217–18), Ubatuba, Fazenda Angelim ( +23.392°S +, +45.062°W +), + +16–18.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +4♂ +11♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +03/100-4), same data + +. + + + + +Paraná + +: +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19219), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest along river above +Fazenda Niteroi +( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11.x.2014 + +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-129), same data + +; + +2♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19220), and +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-135), same data but night collecting + +. 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 19221), Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, forest above Hotel Mata Atlântica (25.670°S, 48.600°W), ~ +200–300 m +a.s.l., night collecting, +12.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + +Description +(amendments; see + +Machado +et al. +2007b + +). Male eye measurements: distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 90 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 15 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Tibia +1 in +42 newly examined males: 4.2–5.6 (mean 4.7); in 55 newly examined females: 2.9–3.8 (mean 3.3). Tibia 2/tibia 4 length in four males: 0.94–0.96; in two females: 0.91, 0.90 (in original description: 1.46 – female tibiae mismeasured). Femora 2 and +3 in +some males much wider than other femora, in others barely wider (diameters femora +1–4 in +two males: 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.14; 0.20, 0.30, 0.29, 0.21). Male tibia 1 L/d: 48. Retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. + + +Specimens from Ubatuba and from Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park differ slightly and are therefore assigned tentatively: males with slightly different procursus tip (compare +Figs 516, 517 +); females differ slightly in shape of dark sclerotized arc in internal genitalia (compare +Figs 518, 519 +). Note, however, that the difference between +Figs 518 and 519 +results in part from slightly different angles of view: the genitalia of the female from Penedo ( +Fig. 518 +) are shown in slightly posterior view (in better agreement with fig. +33 in + +Machado +et al. +2007b + +) while +Fig. 519 +shows the cleared genitalia in perfect ventral view. The pore-plates do not seem to differ among specimens from different localities. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in leaf litter. At Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park they occupied a slightly higher level in the litter than + +M. niteroi + +; at Penedo, they occupied a slightly deeper level than + +M. goitaca + +, with their small webs entirely hidden under the leaves (not partly exposed as in + +M. goitaca + +). When disturbed, they either vibrated rapidly with small amplitude or ran away. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed from eastern +Paraná +state to western +Rio de Janeiro +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 738 +), but note that specimens from +Paraná +are assigned tentatively. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60CFFFF2A9C981E363F7CFD.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60CFFFF2A9C981E363F7CFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..484ec80a7d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60CFFFF2A9C981E363F7CFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,287 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar turvo + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 466–469 +, +538–544 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus ( +Figs 539–540 +; slender with pointed tip), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 541–542 +; pair of frontal apophyses not close to median line), and shape of epigynum and internal female genitalia ( +Figs 543–544 +; oval anterior plate without pocket and processes; very large posterior plate; distinctive internal structure connecting pore-plates). + + + + +FIGURES 538–544. + +Mesabolivar turvo + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19222). 538–539. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 540. Left procursus, dorsal view. 541–542. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 543. Epigynum, ventral view. 544. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (538–539, 541–544), 0.2 (540). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + + +Rio +Grande do Sul + + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21538–39), +2♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19222), Turvo National Park, Lagoas Trail near headquarters ( +27.231°S +, +53.849°W +), +400 m +a.s.l., +29.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + + +Rio +Grande do Sul + + +: +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-199), same data as types + +. + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19223), +Turvo National Park +, near +Salto +do Yucumã ( +27.136°S +, +53.882°W +), + +175 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Paraná + +: +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19224), + +Iratí Forest +Reserve + +( +25.362°S +, +50.584°W +), + +850 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; 2♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br14-145). + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.4, carapace width 1.0. Distance PME-PME 110 µm, diameter PME 90 µm, distance PME-ALE 70 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.75/ 0.50. Leg 1: 23.6 (6.0 + 0.4 + 6.1 + 9.5 + 1.6), tibia 2: 3.6, tibia 3: 2.4, tibia 4: 4.1; tibia 1 L/d: 76. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.11, 0.21, 0.17, 0.12. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-yellow, carapace with dark median line, legs without light or dark rings; abdomen greenish-gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally pale with light brown mark in front of gonopore, without mark in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 466–467 +; ocular area raised; carapace with shallow but distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of strong frontal apophyses, tips of apophyses apparently with one modified hair each ( +Figs 541–542 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 538–539 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral process proximally, distally widening; tibia very short; tarsus with two retrolatero-dorsal processes; procursus very simple, without processes, slender with pointed tip, in dorsal view slightly S-shaped ( +Fig. 540 +); genital bulb with large process mostly whitish. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 4%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>20 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 5.8, 5.8 (Turvo National Park), 4.8 (Iratí Forest Reserve). + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Figs 468–469 +) but femora 2 and 3 not thicker than others. Tibia +1 in +six females from Turvo National Park: 3.8–4.4 (mean 4.0); in three females from Iratí Forest Reserve: 3.4, 3.7, 3.7. Epigynum as in +Fig. 543 +; simple oval anterior plate, slightly protruding, internal sclerite visible through cuticle; posterior plate very large, simple, with dark internal mark medially. Internal genitalia as in +Fig. 544 +, with distinctive sclerite connecting pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in small cavities in the ground, often in the more humid places under dead branches. When disturbed, they ran a short distance and then stopped moving or vibrated very slightly. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two localities in +Rio Grande do Sul +and +Paraná +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 738 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60EFFF92A9C997E379D7D71.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60EFFF92A9C997E379D7D71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3f6e95ee46e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C60EFFF92A9C997E379D7D71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,297 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar borgesi + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 545–551 + + + + + +Mesabolivar +“MACN 197” + +: Huber 2014: 139. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by tip of procursus (strongly S-shaped; +Fig. 546 +), by armature of male chelicerae (three pairs of frontal apophyses; +Figs 547–548 +), and shape of epigynum (posterior margin trilobed, without pocket; +Fig. 549 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named for +Argentine +writer Jose Luis Borges ( +1899–1986 +). + + + + + + +Type +material. + +ARGENTINA +: + +Buenos Aires + +: +♂ +holotype +, +MACN +( +Ar +38625) + +, + +2♂ +paratypes +, +MACN +( +Ar +20003), +Vuelta de Obligado +, +Caverna La Salamanca +[ +33°35.4’S +, +59°49.2’W +, + +5 m + +], + +29.vii.1972 + +(C. +Cesar +) + +. + + +Other material examined. +ARGENTINA +: + +Buenos Aires + +: +1♂ +, +MACN +(20065), Vuelta da +Rocha +[ +34°38.4’S +, +58°21.8’W +, +15 m +] +xii.1972 +( +Cesar +). +1♀ +, +MACN +(19970), + +Ciudad +Buenos Aires + +, Palermo [ +34°35’S +, +58°26’W +, +15 m +], +i.1931 +(J.B. Daguerre). +2♀ +, +MACN +(12278), Reserva Natual Otamendi, Sección "Los Guardianes de la Barranca" ( +34°14.7’S +, +58°53.7’W +), +16 m +, forest, +10.iii.2007 +(C. Grismado +et al. +). +1 juv. +, +MACN +(12336), Reserva Natual Otamendi, “senderos varios”, +25.iii.2007 +(C. Grismado). + + + +FIGURES 545–551. + +Mesabolivar borgesi + + +sp. n. + +(MACN Ar 20003). 545–546. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 547–548. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 549–550. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 551. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + + +Chaco + +: +1♂ +, +MACN +(72), Resistencia [ +27°27’S +, +58°59’W +, + +50 m + +], without date, leg. +J.B. Daguerre. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.2, carapace width 1.3. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.9/ 0.55. Leg 1: 38.7 (10.1 + 0.5 + 9.7 + 16.3 + 2.1), tibia 2: 6.3, tibia 3: 4.6, tibia 4: 6.1; tibia 1 L/d: 81. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.19, 0.20, 0.20, 0.18. +COLOR (in ethanol; specimen strongly bleached). Prosoma and legs pale ochre-orange, carapace with brown median band, ocular area light brown; clypeus not darkened; legs without dark rings; abdomen pale gray, with purple internal marks dorsally and laterally. + +BODY. Habitus similar to members of the + +iguazu + +group (cf. +Figs 378, 380 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With three pairs of frontal apophyses and rounded unsclerotized protrusion proximally near median line ( +Figs 547–548 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 545–546 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small apophysis; femur with weakly sclerotized retrolateral process proximally, strongly widened distally; procursus strongly S-shaped, with distinctive tip; genital bulb process mostly unsclerotized. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~20 pseudosegments, barely visible in dissecting microscope. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +four other males: 6.7, 8.7, 9.2, 9.6. + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +two females: 5.9, 6.4. Abdominal marks variably distinct, in one female absent. Epigynum as in +Figs 549–550 +; posterior margin trilobed, without pocket, with series of anterior transversal sclerotized furrows; without posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Fig. 551 +, with pore-plates in vertical lateral position and distinctive median structure. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +Buenos Aires +and +Chaco +provinces ( +Argentina +) ( +Fig. 740 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C611FFED2A9C9BFE36717B5C.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C611FFED2A9C9BFE36717B5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c3fea2b50d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C611FFED2A9C9BFE36717B5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,308 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar bicuspis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 388–389 +, +427–432 +, +446 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by male procursus ( +Fig. 428 +; pair of unique distal processes); also by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 429–430 +; two pairs of frontal processes; similar to + +M. yucuma + +) and shape of epigynum ( +Fig. 431 +; roundish, with posterior pocket separated from sclerotized part by whitish area). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the distinctive pair of blade-like processes of the procursus (Latin +cuspis += blade, spear, sting); noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21526–27), +4♂ +8♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19194), Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, forest along river above Fazenda Niteroi ( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ +100 m +a.s.l., +11.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-132), same data as types + +. + +2♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19195), same data but night collecting + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-138), same data + +. 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 19196), Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, forest above Hotel Mata Atlântica (25.670°S, 48.600°W), ~ +200–300 m +a.s.l., night collecting, +12.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.3, carapace width 2.0. Distance PME-PME 180 µm, diameter PME 180 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 45 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.30/ 0.85. Leg 1: 72.2 (18.0 + 0.9 + 17.5 + 32.7 + 3.1), tibia 2: 11.5, tibia 3: 8.7, tibia 4: 11.1; tibia 1 L/d: 95. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.28, 0.33, 0.33, 0.28. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow to orange, with large dark median mark, clypeus not darker; sternum orange; legs ochre brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter, without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally pale greenish gray with small light brown area in front of gonopore and larger light brown area in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 388 +; ocular area raised; carapace with deep median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + + +FIGURES 427–432. + +Mesabolivar bicuspis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19194). 427–428. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 429–430. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 431. Epigynum, ventral view. 432. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (427–430), 0.3 (431–432). + + + + +FIGURES 433–446. +Female epigyna in ventral and lateral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, + +Mesabolivar iguazu + +group. 433. + +M. chapeco + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19175). 434–436. + +M. yucuma + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19176). 437–438. + +M. iguazu +Huber, 2000 + +(ZFMK Ar 19181). 439–440. + +M. charrua +Machado +et al. +, 2013 + +(ZFMK Ar 19184). 441–442. + +M. argentinensis +(Mello-Leitão, 1938) + +(MACN Ar 20050). 443–445. + +M. catarinensis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19189). 446. + +M. bicuspis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19194). + + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses: one pair weakly sclerotized proximally, one pair strongly sclerotized distally, close to median line ( +Figs 429–430 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 427–428 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally strongly widening; tarsus with two dorsal conical processes; procursus proximally simple, with two distinctive distal processes; genital bulb with large process partly sclerotized. LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, with spine-like short hairs dorsally on all tibiae and metatarsi; without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~45 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +five other males: 15.7–18.3 (mean 17.0). + + +Female. +In general similar to male but without spine-like hairs on legs. Tibia +1 in +13 females +: 11.6–14.5 (mean 12.9). Epigynum as in +Fig. 431 +; simple and relatively small anterior plate weakly curved, without processes, with posterior pocket separted from anterior sclerotized area by whitish cuticle; posterior plate short and wide. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 432 +, +446 +, with pair of pore-plates in lateral position, converging anteriorly. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large sheltered spaces among rocks and logs, and in hollow logs. At Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park they shared the microhabitat with + +M. kaingang + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two neighboring sites in Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, +Paraná +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 737 +). The single male specimen from +Santa Catarina +, Porto Belo, Bombas [ +27.15°S +, +48.52°W +; ~ +170 km +S of Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park], described in +Machado (2011) +as “sp. 14” may belong to this species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C615FFE42A9C9D3E36007FBB.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C615FFE42A9C9D3E36007FBB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a85b19a9e3f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C615FFE42A9C9D3E36007FBB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,364 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar charrua + +Machado +et al. +, 2013 + + + + + + +Figs 384–385 +, +439–440 + + + + + + +Mesabolivar charrua + + +Machado +et al. +, 2013 + +: 404 + + +, figs 15–30 ( +♂ +♀ +, +Uruguay +, +Brazil +). Huber 2015: 59. + + + + + + +Type +material. + +URUGUAY +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, FCE (2361), +Maldonado +, Sierra de Ánimas ( +34°42’S +, +55°20’W +), +18.vi.1950 +(L.C. de Zolessi), not examined. Further +paratypes +from other localities in +Uruguay +and +Brazil +, see + +Machado +et al. +(2013) + +. + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +9♂ +6♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19184), Serra Geral National Park, Churriado Canyon ( +29.137°S +, +49.953°W +to +29.130°S +, +49.965°W +), forest near river, + +150–250 m +a.s.l. + +, + +20.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-163), same data + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19185), +Aparados da Serra National Park +, forest at southern margin of +Itaimbezinho Canyon +( +29.161°S +, +50.080°W +), + +940 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-174), same data + +. + + + +Rio +Grande do Sul + + +: +2♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19186), +São Francisco de Paula National Forest +( +29.430°S +, +50.392°W +), + +890 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-182), same data + +. + +2♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19187), +Canela National Forest +( +29.321°S +, +50.818°W +), + +790 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-187), same data + +; + +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19188), same data but night collecting. + + + + + +Description +(amendments; see + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +). Tibia +1 in +14 newly examined males: 10.0–13.7 (mean 12.4); in +11 females +: 9.1–11.2 (mean 9.8). Tibia 1 L/d in two males: 78, 81; male leg femora 2 and 3 wider in large males (diameters femora +1–4 in +2 males +: 0.25, 0.29, 0.28, 0.25; 0.19, 0.19, 0.19, 0.18). Male legs sometimes with short spine-like hairs dorsally on tibiae and metatarsi (specimens from Canela). Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Male eye measures: distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 160 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 70 µm. Prolateral sclerite on procursus appears rather pointed in prolateral view (fig. +19 in + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +shows the tip of the procursus in rather ventral view, and the prolateral sclerite is shown as being uniformly sclerotized while in all specimens above it is only partly sclerotized and thus appears pointed rather than obtuse). Carapace in males and females with dark brown, wide median band, with indistinct light brown lateral marginal bands. Sternum in males and females orange rather than brown. Large males with very dark brown legs. Epigynal processes in newly examined females variable but slightly smaller than shown in + +Machado +et al. +(2013 + +: fig. 23). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs among tree roots and rocks close to the ground. When disturbed, they started swinging with large amplitude. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in +Uruguay +and southern +Brazil +( + +Machado +et al. +2013 + +; +Fig. 736 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C615FFE62A9C987F30BF7D39.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C615FFE62A9C987F30BF7D39.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..111a7f81dc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C615FFE62A9C987F30BF7D39.xml @@ -0,0 +1,717 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar argentinensis +( +Mello-Leitão, 1938 +) + + + + + +Figs 411–418 +, +441–442 + + + + + + +Litoporus argentinensis + +Mello-Leitão, 1938 +: 92 + + +, fig. 3 (♀, Argentina: Buenos Aires Province). + + + + +Mesabolivar argentinensis +(Mello-Leitão) + +: Huber 2000: 215, figs 840–842 ( +♀ +). Huber 2014: 139 (except specimen from P.N. El Palmar and part of specimens from Santa Maria; see Notes below). + + + + +Blechroscelis globulosus +( +Nicolet, 1849 +) + +: + +Mello-Leitão 1941 +: 108 + +, figs 5–6 (misidentification; see Notes below). + +Mesabolivar globulosus +( +Nicolet, 1849 +) + +: Huber 2014: 139 (misidentification; see Notes below). + + + +Notes. +In a recent summary on the +Pholcidae +of +Argentina +(Huber 2014), I followed Mello-Leitão’s (1941) assignment of the widespread Argentinean + +Mesabolivar + +to + +M. globulosus +(Nicolet) + +. A more detailed study of the available specimens and of Nicolet’s (1849) original description suggests that this was wrong. Nicolet’s (lost) specimen(s) had a globular abdomen and a monochromous carapace; the Argentinean specimens (in Huber 2014 and below) have a slightly elongated abdomen (similar to + +M. iguazu + +, + +M. chapeco + +, etc.; cf. +Figs 378–385 +) and a pale carapace with distinct brown median mark. + + + + +At the same time, the female +type +specimen of + +M. argentinensis + +shares with the specimens listed below two characters that distinguish this species from similar relatives: the absence of paired humps on the anterior epigynal plate ( +Figs 417–418 +, +441–442 +) and the absence of lateral dark marks on the carapace. It seems thus justified to assign all the Argentinean specimens below to + +M. argentinensis + +, even though none of them is even close to the +type +locality, Monte Veloz in +Buenos Aires Province +. New material from +Buenos Aires Province +is needed to test this assignment. + + +Two specimens assigned to + +M. argentinensis +in Huber (2014) + +(one male from P.N. El Palmar and one of two males from Santa Maria) are in fact + +M. uruguayensis + +Machado +et al. +, 2013 + + +. + + +Mello-Leitão’s (1941) drawing of the palp of “ + +Blechroscelis globulosus + +” (his fig. 5) clearly shows the distal spine-like process of the procursus distinctive for what is here considered to be + +M. argentinensis + +(cf. +Figs 411– 414 +). His drawing of the epigynum appears different (compare +Mello-Leitão 1941 +: fig. 6 with +Fig. 417 +herein) but this is due to different angles of view: his drawing is in ventro-posterior view, the drawing herein is in ventral view. + + +The identity of + +Mesabolivar globulosus +( +Nicolet, 1849 +) + +(type locality: Chile, Valdivia) remains a mystery. + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. iguazu + +, + +M. uruguayensis + +, + +M. chapeco + +) by absence of dark lateral marks on carapace, by absence of paired humps on anterior epigynal plate ( +Figs 417–418 +, +441–442 +), by male cheliceral armature ( +Figs 415–416 +; proximal processes short, rounded, and directed towards lateral; distal apophyses barely visible in lateral view), by details of male palp (tarsus with low but distinct retrolateral hump, procursus with distinctive distal spine-like process and prolaterodorsal sclerite; +Figs 411–414 +), and by first leg femora wider than other leg femora. + + + + + + +Type +material. + +ARGENTINA +: + +Buenos Aires + +: +♀ +holotype +, +MLP +(14031), +Monte Veloz +[ +35.45°S +, +57.28°W +], without date, leg. +C. Bruch +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + + +Other +material examined. + +ARGENTINA +: + +Misiones + +: +1♀ +, +MACN +(part of Ar 4350), Parque Nacional Iguazú, Área Cataratas [ +25°40.7’S +, +54°26.9’W +], + +xi.1954 + +( +R.D. Schiapelli +, +J.A. De Carlo +, +J.M. Viana +, +M.E. Galiano +) + +. 1♂, MACN (part of Ar 4879), Santa María [27.89°S, 55.35°W, +150 m +a.s.l.], +x.1956 +(M.J. Viana). + + + + +Catamarca + +: +2♂ +1♀ +several juvs, +MACN +(Ar 19940, 20050), Mutquin [ +28.317°S +, +66.117°W +], + +2000 m +a.s.l. + +, + +i.1996 + +( +O. de Ferrariis +) + +. 1♀ 2 juvs, MACN (Ar 20015), El Rodeo [28.217°S, 65.867°W, +1100 m +a.s.l.], +i.1957 +(M.E. Galiano). + + + + + + + +Santiago +del Estero + + +: +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +4319), +Weisburd +[ +27.33°S +, +62.60°W +, + +160 m +a.s.l. + +], + +23.ix.1947 + +( +W. Partridge +). + + + + + +Mendoza + +: +1♀ +, +MACN +(Ar 19958), [Dpto. Las Heras: +32°51’S +, +68°49’W +], +Papagallos +, + +vii.1975 + +( +A. Roig +) + +. 1♀, MACN (Ar 22139), Ruta Provincial 52, camino a Villavicencio (32°32.8’S, 68°57.4’W) +1250 m +a.s.l., +30.viii.2008 +(C. Grismado, M. Izquierdo, A. Ojanguren, Martínez). + + + + +Tucuman + +: +1♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20076), +Amaichá +del +Valle +[ +26.60°S +, +65.92°W +, + +1900 m +a.s.l. + +], + +17.viii.1995 + +( +M.J. Ramírez +, +P.A. Goloboff +). + + + + + +La Rioja + +: +1♀ +1 juv. +, +MACN +( +Ar +20109), +Chilecito +[ +29.17°S +, +67.5°W +, + +1100 m +a.s.l. + +], + +27–30.i.1956 + +( +M.E. Galiano +) + +. + +1♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20064), +Ruta +40 camino a +Famatina +[~ +28.92°S +, +67.52°W +, + +1700 m +a.s.l. + +], + +ix.1981 + +( +A. González +) + +. + +1♀ +, +MACN +(part of Ar 20023), +La Rioja +, no further locality data, + +xi.1959 + +( +J.M. Viana +). + + + + + +Salta + +: +1♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20115), + +La Salamanca + +, +7 km +S +Alemanía +[~ +25.67°S +, +65.60°W +, + +1300 m +a.s.l. + +], + +18.vii.1995 + +( +P.A. Goloboff +, +M.J. Ramírez +) + +. + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +MACN +( +Ar +32453), +Alemanía +, +Ruta Provincial +68, km 80 [ +25.62°S +, +65.61°W +], + +3.xi.2004 + +( +C.J. Grismado +, +L.A. Compagnucci +). + + + + + +San Juan + +: +1♂ +2♀ +3 juvs, +MACN +( +Ar +20036), + +50 km +N Marayes + +[~ +31.0°S +, +67.25°W +, + +700 m +a.s.l. + +], + +12.iv.1979 + +( +A. Roig +). + + + + + +Cordoba + +: +1♀ +several juvs, +MACN +( +Ar +13530), + +2 km +E Nono + +( +31°48’S +, +64°59’W +), + +900 m +a.s.l. + +, + +3–9.ii.2008 + +( +M. Ramírez +). + + + +Description +. +Male +(MACN Ar 20036) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.1, carapace width 1.6. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 130 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 55 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.6. Leg 1: 35.0 (9.5 + 0.7 + 9.2 + 13.6 + 2.0), tibia 2: 6.1, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 6.1; tibia 1 L/d: 54. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.30, 0.29, 0.25, 0.25. +COLOR. Specimen bleached, mostly pale ochre-yellow, carapace with distinct brown median mark, without lateral marks, clypeus not darkened, sternum and legs light brown; leg femora and tibiae with subdistal darker rings; abdomen pale gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with purple marks, ventrally with small light brown area in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in + +M. iguazu + +(cf. +Fig. 382 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses ( +Figs 415–416 +), proximal pair weakly sclerotized, rounded and distinctively diverging in frontal view; distal pair similar to putative close relatives, strongly sclerotized and close to median line, barely visible in lateral view. + + +PALPS. In general similar to + +M. iguazu + +and + +M. chapeco + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 830, 833; +Figs 390–391 +herein); coxa apophysis as in + +M. iguazu + +(not with distinct distal process as in + +M. chapeco + +), tarsus with low but distinct retrolateral hump; procursus weakly curved, with distinctive distal elements (spine-like process, prolatero-dorsal sclerite, membranous elements; +Figs 411–414 +). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 8.0, 9.1, 9.2. + + +Female +(amendments; see Huber 2000) + + +Tibia +1 in +nine females: 6.1–7.8 (mean 7.1). Epigynal plate evenly protruding towards posterior, with median pocket near posterior margin, without humps ( +Figs 417–418 +; 441–442); posterior epigynal plate large but barely visible. Some females with slightly more prominent ‘scape’ (process carrying epigynal pocket) than others. + + + + +Distribution. +Apparently widely distributed in northern +Argentina +( +Fig. 736 +). Mello-Leitão’s (1941) records suggest that this species ranges even further north into +Jujuy Province +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C617FFE02A9C9BFE37617D39.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C617FFE02A9C9BFE37617D39.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd3a754f024 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C617FFE02A9C9BFE37617D39.xml @@ -0,0 +1,353 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar catarinensis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 386–387 +, +419–426 +, +443–445 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from known congeners by male procursus ( +Figs 422–423 +; subdistal sclerotized process and bifid membranous tip), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 424–425 +, +443–444 +; anterior plate with posterior membranous indentation; pocket on sclerotized process); from most congeners also by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 421 +; simple pair of apophyses close to median line, without proximal modification). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is an adjective derived from the +type +locality. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21524–25), +3♂ +2♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19189), São Joaquim National Park ( +28.034°S +, +49.611°W +), fern forest along small stream, ~ +1100–1200 m +a.s.l., +18.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +1♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-161), same data as types + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19190), Serra Geral National Park, Churriado Canyon ( +29.137°S +, +49.953°W +to +29.130°S +, +49.965°W +), forest near river, + +150–250 m +a.s.l. + +, + +20.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19191), +Serra Geral National Park +, forest along road at ~ + +1000 m +a.s.l. + +( +29.179°S +, +50.024°W +), + +21.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +3♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-168), same data + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19192), +Serra Geral National Park +, forest along road at ~ + +700 m +a.s.l. + +( +29.182°S +, +50.008°W +), + +21.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19193), +Aparados da Serra National Park +, forest at northern margin of +Itaimbezinho Canyon +( +29.159°S +, +50.081°W +), + +940 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-176), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + + + +FIGURES 419–426. + +Mesabolivar catarinensis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19189). 419–420. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 421. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 422–423. Tip of left procursus, prolateral-ventral and retrolateral-dorsal views. 42 4– 425. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 426. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (419–421, 424–426), 0.3 (422–423). + + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 5.0, carapace width 2.0. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 160 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.20/ 0.85. Leg 1: 56.0 (13.7 + 0.8 + 14.3 + 24.3 + 2.9), tibia 2: 9.7, tibia 3: 7.6, tibia 4: 9.3; tibia 1 L/d: 75. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.26, 0.30, 0.29, 0.27. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with large dark median mark including ocular area, clypeus not darker; sternum orange; legs dark brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish gray, with indistinct internal darker marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally small orange area in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 386 +; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With one pair of small, strongly sclerotized apophyses distally, close to median line, without proximal processes ( +Fig. 421 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 419–420 +, small relative to body size; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally strongly widening; procursus with distinctive distal processes: subdistal sclerotized process with tiny side branch and bifid membranous tip ( +Figs 422–423 +); genital bulb with large tapering process partly sclerotized. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +nine other males: 13.3–15.5 (mean 14.1). Procursus of males from Serra Geral and Aparados da Serra National Parks with slightly larger bifid membranous tip. + + +Female. +In general similar to male; legs often lighter. Tibia +1 in +five females: 8.9–12.8 (mean 11.5). Epigynum as in +Figs 424–425 +, +443–444 +, relatively small; anterior plate with distinctive whitish area (indentation) and elevated median process with pocket; posterior plate relatively large. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 426 +, +445 +, with pair of roughly triangular pore-plates and distinctive posterior arc. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs in sheltered cavities near the ground. When disturbed, they started swinging and moved back into the protective shelter. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two localities in +Santa Catarina +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 737 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61AFFEA2A9C9C86372C78CC.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61AFFEA2A9C9C86372C78CC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fcc1a7b9567 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61AFFEA2A9C9C86372C78CC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar difficilis +(Mello-Leitão, 1918) + + + + + +Figs 459 +, +522–524 + + + + + +Physocyclus difficile +Mello-Leitão, 1918: 112 + +, figs 28–29 (♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). + +Physocyclus difficilis +: Bonnet 1958: 3650 + +. + + + + +Mesabolivar difficilis +: Huber 2000: 235 + +, figs 924–933 ( +♂ +♀ +). Machado 2007: 52. + +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 + +. Castanheira +et al. +2016: 13. + + +Misidentification (see Note below) + + +Mesabolivar difficilis +: Bonaldo +et al. +2009: 220 + +. + + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +4♂ +4♀ +syntypes +(? – see Huber 2000), +MNRJ +, +Pinheiro +[ +22.52°S +, +44.00°W +], leg. +C. de Mello-Leitão +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +2♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19201), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, +44°06.0’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, night, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19202), same data but day, + +26.ix.2009 + + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-110), same locality, + +25–26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19203) and +1♂ +1♀ +, +MNRJ +(14320), same locality at +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W, + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, day, + +26.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +) + +. + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(G009), +Itatiaia +[ +22.49°S +, +44.57°W +], + +8–15.vi.2001 + +( +H. Japyassú +). + + + + + + + +São Paulo + +: +1♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19204), Ubatuba, Fazenda Angelim ( +23°23.6’S +, +45°03.7’W +), leaf litter, + +16– 18.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +). + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +six newly examined males: 4.3–5.1 (mean 4.7); in eight females: 3.2–4.0 (mean 3.7). Male leg femora 2 and 3 wider than others (diameters femora +1–4 in +one male: 0.20, 0.28, 0.26, 0.19). Male eye measures: distance PME-PME 75 µm, diameter PME 125 µm, distance PME-ALE 60 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in leaf litter and under logs. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in the Serra da Mantiqueira Mountains, +Rio de Janeiro +and +São Paulo +sates, +Brazil +( +Fig. 738 +); the species may be even more widely distributed, assuming that Machado’s (2007) record for +Minas Gerais +state is correct. + + +Note +. The female specimens from Reserva Ducke (Manaus) identified by Bonaldo +et al. +(2009) as + +M. difficilis + +were reexamined (3♀, SMNK-ARA 3008, 12794, 12821). They clearly belong to a different species, most easily distinguished from + +M. difficilis + +by the epigynum in lateral view (apophyses shorter and directed towards ventral, not towards frontal (compare +Figs 522 and 528 +). In addition, the sternum in these females is provided posteriorly with much longer and slightly stronger hairs; in + +M. difficilis + +, all hairs on the female sternum are more or less of equal length. Newly collected females from a nearby locality (Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo, near Maroaga Cave, 2.050°S, 59.972°W) (2♀, ZFMK Ar 19205, and 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK, Br16-342) are very similar to the females from Reserva Ducke but have slightly stronger epigynal apophyses ( +Figs 525–527 +). Legs of Amazonian specimens tend to be shorter than in + +M. difficilis + +(tibia +1 in +five females: 2.7–3.0, mean 2.8). Since no males of these Amazonian species are known, they are not formally described here. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61BFFEA2A9C9EAD305F7C67.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61BFFEA2A9C9EAD305F7C67.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4666f9cf5a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61BFFEA2A9C9EAD305F7C67.xml @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar huberi +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + + + + + +Figs 460–462 + + + + + + +Mesabolivar huberi + + +Machado +et al. +, 2007a + +: 56 + + +, figs 1–11 (♂♀, Brazil: Santa Catarina). + + + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♂ +2♀ +paratypes +, +IBSP +(62438–62441), +Blumenau +, +Parque Natural Municipal Nascentes do Ribeirão Garcia +(27°01’– +27°06’S +, 49°04’– +49°10’W +, + +290–910 m +a.s.l. + +), + +23.i.2005 + +( +holotype +) and + +18.iv.2004 + +( +paratypes +) ( +R.C. Francisco +), not examined (according to +Machado 2011 +, the +types +have been lost in the +Butantan +fire of + +May 2010 + +) + +. + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19206), +Serra do Itajaí National Park +( +27.065°S +, +49.098°W +), 3a Vargem Trail, ~ + +450 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-156), same data but + +15.x.2014 + + +. + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-149), +Serra do Itajaí National Park +( +27.058°S +, +49.084°W +), Chuva Trail, + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description +(amendments; see + +Machado +et al. +2007a + +). Tibia +1 in +three newly examined males: 4.4, 4.8, 4.9; in three females: 3.3, 3.4, 3.5. Male leg femora 3 slightly wider than others (diameters femora +1–4 in +one male: 0.15, 0.15, 0.17, 0.14). Male eye measures: distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 100 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 25 µm. Epigynal processes in newly examined females variable but slightly shorter than shown in + +Machado +et al. +(2007a + +: fig. 10). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in the same microhabitat as + +M. itajai + +, but apparently only within the ground, not in the leaf litter. When disturbed, they did not vibrate nor run away but just remained still. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Santa Catarina +( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 738 +) (the new records above are within the range of coordinates given for the +type +specimens). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61BFFF72A9C9A0B37B37805.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61BFFF72A9C9A0B37B37805.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0ed22ded84c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61BFFF72A9C9A0B37B37805.xml @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar saci + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 452–453 +, +489–497 +, +531 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most congeners by subdistal lateral constriction of male chelicerae ( +Fig. 492 +); also by details of male palp (procursus S-shaped in dorsal view, +Fig. 491 +; femur very large relative to tibia, +Figs 489–490 +), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 494–496 +; anterior plate with pair of large processes, median pocket, and small median anterior process); from the very similar + +M. constrictus + +by tip of procursus in dorsal view (compare +Figs 491 +, +499 +), by proximal anterior processes on male chelicerae (compare +Figs 493 +, +500 +), and by pair of epigynal processes only weakly curved backwards (compare +Figs 495 +, +504 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The species is named for a character in Brazilian folklore (Saci) who grants wishes to anyone who manages to trap him (I did!); noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21532–33), +1♂ +3♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19207), São Joaquim National Park ( +28.034°S +, +49.611°W +), fern forest along small stream, ~ +1100–1200 m +a.s.l., +18.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br14-160), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.0, carapace width 1.0. Distance PME-PME 90 µm, diameter PME 80 µm, distance PME-ALE 70 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length (in other male; sternum in +holotype +damaged): 0.70/0.50. Leg 1: 8.5 (2.2 + 0.3 + 2.3 + 3.4 + 0.3; see variation below), tibia 2: 1.6, tibia 3: 1.3, tibia 4: 2.3; tibia 1 L/d: 26. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.18, 0.20, 0.22, 0.17. + + + +FIGURES 489–493. + +Mesabolivar saci + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19207). 489–490. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 491. Left procursus, dorsal view. 492–493. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. Scale lines: 0.5 (489–490), 0.3 (491– 493). + + + + +FIGURES 494–497. + +Mesabolivar saci + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19207). 494–496. Epigynum, ventral, lateral, and frontal views. 497. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3. + + +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-yellow, legs without light or dark rings; abdomen dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark bluish marks, ventrally pale greenish gray with light brown marks in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 452 +; ocular area raised; carapace with shallow but distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of large frontal apophyses and two pairs of smaller processes, one frontal, one lateral; with distinctive subdistal constriction ( +Figs 492–493 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 489–490 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter ventrally protruding; femur large, with retrolateral process proximally; tarsus with simple dorsal process; procursus S-shaped in dorsal view ( +Fig. 491 +), with distinctive distal sclerotized and membranous elements; bulb with simple process distally divided in two parallel cylinders, one slightly sclerotized, the other transparent. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 9%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with only 5 pseudosegments (see variation below). + +Male +(variation). The distal segments of the only leg 1 of the +holotype +have unusual (probably teratological) lengths (metatarsus too long, tarsus too short); leg +1 in +other male: 8.6 (2.2 + 0.3 + 2.3 + 3.1 + 0.7); tarsus +1 in +this male with ~15 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 453 +). Tibia +1 in +four females: 1.8, 1.8, 1.9, 2.0. Epigynum as in +Figs 494–496 +; complex anterior plate with small anterior median process, large median pocket, and pair of large processes weakly curved backwards; posterior plate anteriorly raised, with variably distinct median process at posterior margin. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 497 +, +531 +, small relative to external genitalia, with pair of oval poreplates close together (pore-plates appear round in +Fig. 497 +because they are higher anteriorly than posteriorly). One female with whitish abdomen. + + +Natural history. +This species was found among dense roots of ferns in the soil. One egg sac contained ~ +10 eggs +. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Santa Catarina +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 739 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61CFFEC2A9C9D8437B27821.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61CFFEC2A9C9D8437B27821.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d77b66df19e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61CFFEC2A9C9D8437B27821.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar itajai + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 447–448 +, +470–480 +, +520 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by modifications of male chelicerae ( +Figs 472, 475 +; pair of rounded frontal processes), by shape of procursus ( +Fig. 471 +; proximally strongly bent towards ventral), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 476–479 +; unique membranous scape with terminal pocket). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21528–29), +1♀ +paratype +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19197), Serra do Itajaí National Park, 3a Vargem Trail ( +27.065°S +, +49.098°W +), ~ +450 m +a.s.l., +15.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-150), +Serra do Itajaí National Park +, +Chuva Trail +( +27.058°S +, +49.084°W +), + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.7, carapace width 1.1. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.85/ 0.50. Leg 1: 23.5 (5.6 + 0.4 + 5.9 + 10.0 + 1.6), tibia 2: 3.9, tibia 3: 3.0, tibia 4: 5.7; tibia 1 L/d: 59. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.17, 0.19, 0.16. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace and clypeus ochre-yellow; sternum light brown; legs light brown, without dark or light rings; abdomen dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark bluish marks, ventrally pale greenish gray with large light brown areas in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 447 +; ocular area raised; carapace with shallow but distinct median furrow; clypeus with sclerotized margin but otherwise unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With unique pair of large, rounded processes proximally, and pair of smaller pointed apophyses distally in front of laminae ( +Figs 472, 475 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 470–471 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur proximally slender, without retrolateral apophysis, distally strongly widening and bending towards ventral; tarsus with distinctive dorsal process and one spine; procursus proximally strongly bent towards ventral, distally with complex system of sclerotized and membranous elements ( +Figs 473–474 +); genital bulb with large main process partly sclerotized and with small sclerite distally, long semitransparent element originating proximally from main bulbal process. + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 4%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~35 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Female. +In general similar to male but slightly darker. Tibia +1 in +three females: 4.2, 4.3, 4.4; tibia 4 longer than tibia 1 (4.4–4.6). Epigynum as in +Figs 476–479 +; anterior epigynal plate strongly protruding, with distinctive membranous scape directed towards anterior, tip of scape with pocket; posterior plate short and wide, also projecting, with two pairs of spines at lateral margins. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 480 +, +520 +, with pair of elongated pore-plates diverging anteriorly. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in leaf litter and small cavities in the ground. When disturbed, they vibrated with high frequency and small amplitude. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Santa Catarina +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 738 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61EFFEB2A9C99E832557AE1.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61EFFEB2A9C99E832557AE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1680db905f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C61EFFEB2A9C99E832557AE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar niteroi + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 449–451 +, +481–487 +, +521 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most known congeners by shape of male palp (very similar to + +M. itapoa + +, cf. Huber 2015: figs 193–194; wide femur; distinctive shape of procursus; genital bulb with slightly sclerotized process and long membranous side branch), by shape of male chelicerae ( +Figs 481–482 +; distinctive pair of processes), by pair of posterior processes on female sternum, and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 484–486 +; distinctive processes on anterior plate; rows of stronger hairs on small sclerotized plates behind epigynum); from very similar + +M. itapoa + +by male chelicerae (apophyses much less projecting in lateral view, compare +Fig. 482 +and Huber 2015: fig. 198), by anterior epigynal plate (only one pair of processes in posterior view, compare +Figs 486, 488 +); also by shorter processes on female sternum (<100 µm long vs. 150 µm in + +M. itapoa + +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + +FIGURES 470–475. + +Mesabolivar itajai + + +sp. n. + +(UFMG 21528). 470–471. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 472, 475. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 473–474. Left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (470– 471), 0.3 (472–475). + + + + +FIGURES 476–480. + +Mesabolivar itajai + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19197). 476–479. Epigynum, ventral, frontal, posterior, and lateral views. 480. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21530–31), +2♂ +1♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19198), Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, forest along river above Fazenda Niteroi ( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ +100 m +a.s.l., +11.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-130), same data as types + +; + +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19199), and +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-136), same data but night collecting + +. 1♂ 4♀, ZFMK (Ar 19200), Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, forest above Hotel Mata Atlântica (25.670°S, 48.600°W), ~ +200–300 m +a.s.l., night collecting, +12.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-142), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.3, carapace width 1.05. Distance PME-PME 95 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME 25 µm, diameter AME 25 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.75/0.55. Leg 1: 21.3 (5.1 + 0.5 + 5.5 + 9.2 + 1.0), tibia 2: 3.4, tibia 3: 2.5, tibia 4: 4.4; tibia 1 L/d: 69. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.22, 0.20, 0.14. +COLOR. Carapace pale ochre, with darker margins and three pairs of darker radial lines, ocular area and clypeus also darker; sternum ochre-brown; legs ochre to light brown, without light or dark rings; abdomen greenish grey with dark bluish marks dorsally and laterally; genital plate in front of gonopore slightly darker. + + +FIGURES 481–488. + +Mesabolivar niteroi + + +sp. n. + +(481–487, ZFMK Ar 19198) and + +M. itapoa +Huber, 2015 + +(488, ZFMK Ar 12645). 481–482. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 483. Left procursus, retrolateral view. 484–485. Epigynum, lateral and ventral, views. 487. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. 486, 488. Epigyna in posterior views. Scale lines: 0.3. + + + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 449–450 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 481–482 +, with distinctive pair of wide frontal projections, similar + +M. itapoa + +but less projecting in lateral view. + + +PALPS. Very similar + +M. itapoa + +(see Huber 2015: figs 193–194), but proximal segments slightly stronger (femur maximum diameter 340 µm vs. 300 µm; tibia maximum diameter 240 µm vs. 210 µm); procursus slightly different in shape (compare +Fig. 483 +and Huber 2015: fig. 196; proximal ventral process larger, narrowing towards distal); bulbal process in dorsal view slightly different (distal sclerite narrower). + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 4.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>15 pseudosegments, distally distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 4.7, 5.2, 5.6. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 451 +) but sternum with pair of processes at posterior margin; processes not as long and slender as in + +M. itapoa + +(rather conical, 70–100 µm long, vs. 150 µm in + +M. itapoa + +). Tibia +1 in +eight females: 3.0–3.5 (mean 3.2). Anterior epigynal plate strongly protruding, with only one pair of short processes, without pocket but with strongly sclerotized plate on frontal side ( +Figs 484–486 +); posterior plate narrow and weakly developed, with row of 3–4 stronger hairs on small sclerotized plates on each side. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 487 +, +521 +, very small relative to epigynum, with tiny elongate pore-plates embedded in transversal sclerite. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in small wet cavities in the ground. When disturbed, they vibrated with high frequency and small amplitude and eventually ran away quickly. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two neighboring sites in Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, +Paraná +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 438 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C621FFD02A9C9F8C373C7FDB.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C621FFD02A9C9F8C373C7FDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bb073e7ea46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C621FFD02A9C9F8C373C7FDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar amanaye + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 322 +, +352–358 +, +369–371 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most known congeners by strong ridges ventrally on procursus ( +Fig. 353 +); from the only similar known species ( + +M. xingu + +) by armature of male chelicerae (pair of hooked proximal apophyses, only one pair of lateral apophyses; compare +Fig. 355 +and Huber 2000: fig. 904). Females differ from congeners by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 356–357 +): strongly protruding, oval in ventral view, with pair of small humps and median pocket on process of posterior rim; the female of + +M. xingu + +is unknown. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name honors the Amanayé, a Tupi-Guaranian people in northeastern +Brazil +, living between the cities of Belém and Brasília in the state of +Pará +; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21518–19), +4♂ +3♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19169–70), Marabá, forest near road, ‘site 2’ ( +5.360°S +, +49.058°W +), +120 m +a.s.l., +10–11.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +2♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-244), same data as types + +. 2♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br16-239), Marabá, forest near road, ‘site 1’ (5.414°S, 49.074°W), +140 m +a.s.l., +7– 8.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.2, carapace width 1.45. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 55 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.60. Leg 1: 34.5 (9.1 + 0.5 + 9.0 + 14.0 + 1.9), tibia 2: 6.0, tibia 3: 4.5, tibia 4: 5.8; tibia 1 L/d: 67. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.23, 0.24, 0.22, 0.21. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with light brown margins and wide dark brown median band including ocular area; clypeus light brown; sternum ochre-yellow, labium light brown; legs brown, without dark rings, femora and tibiae distally lighter; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark internal marks, ventrally with orange-brown plate in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 322 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus with sclerotized rim but otherwise unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of diverging hooked apophyses proximally, pair of small pointed apophyses in midsection, and pair of straight apophyses distally close to laminae ( +Figs 354–355 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 352–353 +; coxa with strong retrolateral apophysis curved towards distal; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral process proximally, distally strongly widening; tibia-tarsus joints shifted in clockwise direction in distal view; tarsus with dorsal process; procursus with 8–9 strong ventral ridges, distally with membranous and sclerotized elements; genital bulb with distinct apophysis lodged at tarsal process, bulbal process mostly membranous, with rounded ventral hump at basis. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +four other males: 9.6, 10.1, 10.2, 10.2. + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +three females: 6.8, 7.7, 7.7. Epigynum as in +Figs 356–357 +, +369– 370 +; anterior plate strongly protruding, with pocket on median process and pair of small lateral processes; posterior plate simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 358 +, +371 +, with large pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in sheltered spaces among tree buttresses. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 735 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C621FFDC2A9C985037A87F86.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C621FFDC2A9C985037A87F86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2914f311a67 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C621FFDC2A9C985037A87F86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,289 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar guaycolec + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 323–324 +, +359–364 +, +372–373 + + + + + +Mesabolivar +“CAS 344” + +: Huber 2014: 139. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most known congeners (except + +M. xingu + +, + +M. amanaye + +) by series of parallel ridges ventrally on procursus ( +Fig. 360 +). From + +M. xingu + +and + +M. amanaye + +by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 361–362 +; three pairs of frontal processes of distinctive shape and in distinctive pattern), and by shape of epigynum (square-shaped, with sclerotized round internal pouch visible through cuticle; +Figs 363 +, +372 +) (female of + +M. xingu + +unknown). + + + + +FIGURES 352–358. + +Mesabolivar amanaye + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19169–70). 352–353. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 354–355. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 356–357. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 358. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +FIGURES 359–364. + +Mesabolivar guaycolec + + +sp. n. + +(CAS 9027305). 359–360. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 361–362. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 363. Epigynum, ventral view. 364. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (359–362), 0.3 (363–364). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +ARGENTINA +: + + +Formosa + + +: +♂ +holotype +, +CAS +(9058810), +5♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +CAS +(9027305), +25 km +N + +Formosa + +, Estancia Guaycolec [ +25.985°S +, +58.16°W +, +185 m +a.s.l.], +26.ii.–10.iii. 1999 +(S.L. Heydon, J.M. Ledford). + + +Other material. +None + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.4, carapace width 1.4. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.55. Leg 1: 45.6 (11.7 + 0.5 + 11.5 + 19.9 + 2.0), tibia 2: 7.2, tibia 3: 5.2, tibia 4: 6.9; tibia 1 L/d: 88. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.20, 0.20, 0.18, 0.18. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with brown median mark including ocular area; clypeus not darkened; legs light brown, tips of femora and tibiae whitish, slightly darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen pale gray, with darker internal marks dorsally and laterally, light brown mark in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 323–324 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With three pairs of frontal apophyses; only most proximal pair visible in lateral view ( +Figs 361– 362 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 359–360 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral process proximally, widened distally; procursus with ~7 ventral parallel ridges, proximal ridges indistinct, procursus tip distinctive; genital bulb process mostly unsclerotized, with fine sclerotized tip. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, indistinct. + + +FIGURES 365–368. + +Mesabolivar rudilapsi +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + +(ZFMK Ar 19172). 365–367. Epigynum, ventral, lateral, and frontal views. 368. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +FIGURES 369–377. +Female epigyna and cleared female genitalia, + +Mesabolivar xingu + +group. 369–371. + +M. amanaye + + +sp. n. + +, epigynum in ventral and lateral views, cleared female genitalia in dorsal views (ZFMK Ar 19170). 372–373. + +M. guaycolec + + +sp. n. + +, epigynum in ventral view and cleared female genitalia in dorsal view (CAS 9027305). 374–377. + +M. rudilapsi +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + +, epigynum in frontal, lateral and ventral views, and cleared female genitalia in dorsal view (ZFMK Ar 19172). + + + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 9.7, 11.5, 16.9. + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +three females: 7.3, 8.2, 8.2. Epigynum as in +Figs 363 +, +372 +; anterior plate square-shaped, with medially slightly protruding posterior margin and sclerotized round internal pouch visible through cuticle, without external pocket; posterior plate large but weakly sclerotized and barely visible. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 364 +, +373 +, with large pore-plates, distinctive posterior folds, and internal pouch originating from uterus externus and directed towards ventral cuticle. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in + +Formosa +Province + +( +Argentina +) only ( +Fig. 735 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C624FFD72A9C9E8E360F78E9.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C624FFD72A9C9E8E360F78E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fb4dbde5298 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C624FFD72A9C9E8E360F78E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,373 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar murici + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 319 +, +327–333 +, +346–348 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from known congeners by distal elements of procursus ( +Figs 327–328, 331 +; subdistal heavily sclerotized elements and distal partly membranous process), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 329–330 +; large proximal whitish processes and pointed apophyses distally near median line) and shape of epigynum ( +Figs 332 +, +346 +; simple anterior plate with median pocket and lateral whitish areas, large posterior plate). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Alagoas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21514–15), +9♂ +10♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19162), near Murici, Estação Ecológica de Murici ( +9°14.8’S +, +35°50.3’W +), +350–400 m +a.s.l., +18.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Alagoas + +: +2♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19163), same locality as types but at +9°15.0’S +, +35°51.2’W +, + +200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +19.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19164), +Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada +(9°14.5’–14.0’S, 36°26.5’–27.2’W), + +650–700 m +a.s.l. + +, + +20–21.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19165), +Usina Serra Grande +, forest above sugarcane plantations ( +8°58.3’S +, +36°05.7’W +), + +450–550 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22–23.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Pernambuco + +: +4♂ +5♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19166), near +Bonito +, forest near + +Cachoeira +da Gruta + +( +8°32.8’S +, +35°42.7’W +), + +380 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24–25.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-218), same data + +. + +3♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19167), near +Bonito +, + +Alto +da Serra + +( +8°30.7’S +, +35°34.3’W +), at buildings, + +750–800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24–25.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 5.2, carapace width 2.4. Distance PME-PME 190 µm, diameter PME 190 µm, distance PME-ALE 150 µm, distance AME-AME 50 µm, diameter AME 90 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.65/ 0.90. Leg 1: 72.2 (18.8 + 0.9 + 17.5 + 29.6 + 3.5), tibia 2: 12.7, tibia 3: 9.7, tibia 4: 11.5; tibia 1 L/d: 80. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.39, 0.39, 0.38, 0.35. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre, with large dark median mark including ocular area; clypeus not darker; sternum ochre-yellow, slightly darker medially; legs dark brown, femora and tibiae distally lighter; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally with dark internal marks, ventrally with orange area in front of gonopore and ochre-yellow area in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 319 +; ocular area weakly raised; carapace with deep median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With large proximal whitish processes and pointed apophyses distally near median line ( +Figs 329–330 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 327–328 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral process proximally, distally ventrally widening; tibia distally ventrally with rounded process; tarsus with retrolatero-dorsal processes carrying tarsal organ; procursus proximally simple, distally complex and distinctive, with apparently hinged prolateral element; genital bulb with large tapering process partly sclerotized. + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, with many short spines on femora and tibiae 1–3 on all sides (very few spines dorsally); without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +18 other males: 13.2–18.3 (mean 15.7). Smallest males with very few spines on legs. + + + +FIGURES 327–333. + +Mesabolivar murici + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19162). 327–328. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 329–330. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 331. Left procursus, dorsal view. 332. Epigynum, ventral view. 333. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + +Female. +In general similar to male, also with spines on legs, especially on femora and tibiae 1–2. Tibia +1 in +23 females +: 11.3–15.9 (mean 13.8). Epigynum as in +Figs 332 +, +346 +; anterior plate with small median process at anterior margin, with pocket and distinctive whitish lateral areas; posterior plate very large. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 333 +, +347–348 +, with large roundish pore-plates and distinctive median structure. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in cavities along road cuts and among tree roots close to the ground. On a large bamboo, the webs reached up to ~ +1 m +above the ground. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in +Alagoas +and +Pernambuco +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 734 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C626FFD72A9C9E8E363C7EBA.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C626FFD72A9C9E8E363C7EBA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..211718eedf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C626FFD72A9C9E8E363C7EBA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar serrapelada + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 320–321 +, +334–339 +, +349–351 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus ( +Figs 334–335 +; distinctive hinged distal sclerite and large prolateral sclerite) and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 337–338 +, +349–350 +; anterior plate with strongly protruding process carrying pocket at tip). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21516–17), +1♂ +2♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19168), Serra Pelada ( +5.931°S +, +49.674°W +), +140 m +a.s.l., rocky hill, +9.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br16-243), same data as types. + + + + +Piauí + +: +3♂ +4♀ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +(ARA 277, 294), Alvorada do Gurguéia, Fazenda Escola da Universidade Federal do +Piauí +( +8.375°S +, +43.692°W +), +15–17.ii.2012 +(L.S. Carvalho). +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +(ARA 281), Coronel José Dias, Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara [~ +8.8°S +, +42.5°W +], +26.ii.2012 +(L.S. Carvalho); +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +(ARA 283), Coronel José Dias, Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara, near Desfiladero das Andorinhas ( +8.767°S +, +42.478°W +), +6.vi.2011 +(L.S. Carvalho). +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +(ARA 273), Castelo do +Piauí +, Parque Municipal da Pedra de Castelo ( +5.202°S +, +41.687°W +), +23.vii.2012 +(L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.2, carapace width 1.15. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 100 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.75/ 0.55. Leg 1: 31.2 (8.4 + 0.5 + 8.1 + 12.4 + 1.8), tibia 2: 5.3, tibia 3: 4.1, tibia 4: 5.2; tibia 1 L/d: 65. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.19, 0.17, 0.15, 0.16. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow, with brown median band including posterior part of ocular area; clypeus with light brown mark in lower part; sternum orange; legs pale ochre to light brown, with slightly darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), tips of femora and tibiae whitish; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark internal marks, ventrally with orange plate in front of gonopore, dark internal median band behind gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 320 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of simple apophyses close to laminae ( +Fig. 336 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 334–335 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with rounded retrolateral process proximally, distally widening; procursus slightly curved, with distinctive hinged distal sclerite and large prolateral sclerite; genital bulb with long and slender bulbal process, mostly weakly sclerotized. + +LEGS. With spines in several rows ventrally on femora and tibiae 1 and 2; without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 8.5, 8.6, 9.7. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but legs without spines and sternum color variable (orange like in males or dark brown). Tibia +1 in +six females: 5.1–7.4 (mean 6.5). Epigynum as in +Figs 337–338 +, +349–350 +; anterior plate trapezoidal, with strongly protruding posterior process carrying pocket at tip; posterior plate simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 339 +, +351 +, with large pore-plates and distinctive median folds protruding into body cavity. + + +Natural history. +At the +type +locality, the spiders were found in domed webs among and under rocks on the dry hillside; they were absent from the forested area close to a little stream. + + + + +Distribution. +Apparently widely distributed in northeastern +Brazil +(eastern +Pará +to +Piauí +) ( +Fig. 734 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62AFFDA2A9C9B04363A7A3D.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62AFFDA2A9C9B04363A7A3D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b5bf884bed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62AFFDA2A9C9B04363A7A3D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar yucuma + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 380–381 +, +400–407 +, +434–436 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. uruguayensis + +, + +M. iguazu + +, + +M. chapeco + +) by short proximal processes on male chelicerae ( +Figs 403–404 +; similar in + +M. bicuspis + +); also by male procursus ( +Figs 400–402 +; with distinctive distal sclerotized and membranous elements, dorsal transversal ridge as in + +M. chapeco + +), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 405–406 +, +434–435 +; anterior plate slightly curved in lateral view, with pair of low processes and pocket on dark sclerotized process at posterior margin). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + + +Rio +Grande do Sul + + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21522–23), +12♂ +13♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19176), Turvo National Park, near +Salto +do Yucumã ( +27.136°S +, +53.882°W +), +175 m +a.s.l., +28.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + + +Rio +Grande do Sul + + +: +1♂ +4♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-194), same data as types + +. 6♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 19177–78), Turvo National Park, forest near Pousadas das Fontes (27.256°S, 53.877°W), +470 m +a.s.l., +27.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). 2♂ 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 19179), Turvo National Park, Lagoas Trail near headquarters (27.231°S, 53.849°W), +400 m +a.s.l., +29.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-200), same data + +. 1♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 19180), Turvo National Park, near western entrance (27.244°S, 53.963°W), +400 m +a.s.l., +29.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.7, carapace width 1.45. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.55. Leg 1: 39.6 (10.3 + 0.5 + 9.9 + 16.7 + 2.2), tibia 2: 6.4, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 6.5; tibia 1 L/d: 71. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.22, 0.25, 0.24, 0.21. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with large dark median mark including ocular area and brown lateral margins; clypeus not darker; sternum orange to light brown; legs dark brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter, darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen greenish gray, with darker internal marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with orange to light brown area in front of gonopore and very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 380 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of small apophyses distally close to median line and pair of low processes proximally ( +Figs 403–404 +). + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. chapeco + +(cf. +Figs 390–391 +), coxa with same distinctive retrolateral apophysis; tarsus without retrolateral hump (in contrast to + +M. argentinensis + +); procursus weakly curved, with distinctive sclerotized and membranous distal elements ( +Figs 400–402 +), with transversal ridge as in + +M. chapeco + +. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +18 other males: 8.3–11.5 (mean 10.0). Some males with legs light brown, sternum ochre-yellow. + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +16 females +: 6.6–8.8 (mean 7.3). Epigynum as in +Figs 405–406 +, +434–435 +; anterior plate with pair of low processes and pocket on protruding posterior margin; posterior plate large but indistinct. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 407 +, +436 +, with pair of large pore-plates in lateral position. + + +Natural history. +The webs were found among tree roots near the ground, under logs, and in other sheltered spaces. Parts of the webs often were exposed to direct sunlight. When disturbed, the spiders vibrated strongly and ran back into the protective shelter. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from Turvo National Park in +Rio Grande do Sul +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 737 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62BFFE42A9C9CF036327B79.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62BFFE42A9C9CF036327B79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b79a9fb568 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62BFFE42A9C9CF036327B79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,681 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar iguazu +Huber, 2000 + + + + + +Figs 382–383 +, +408–410 +, +437–438 + + + + + +Mesabolivar iguazu +Huber, 2000: 215 + +; figs 138, 830–839 ( +♂ +♀ +, +Argentina +, +Brazil +). Huber 2014: 139 (except specimens from Puerto Libertad and Arroyo +Uruguay +km 30; see + +M. chapeco + +). + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. uruguayensis + +, + +M. chapeco + +, + +M. yucuma + +) by long proximal processes on male chelicerae (Huber 2000: fig. 834; similar in + +M. chapeco + +, where the distal apophyses are much less prominent in lateral view); also by male procursus ( +Figs 408–410 +; distinctive distal sclerotized and membranous elements), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 437–438 +and Huber 2000: figs 837– 838; anterior plate with pair of processes and pocket at posterior margin; similar + +M. charrua + +and + +M. yucuma + +). + + + + + + +Type +material. + +ARGENTINA +: + +Misiones + +: +♂ +holotype +, +AMNH +, Parque Nacional Iguazú [ +25.66°S +, +54.47°W +], + +206 m +a.s.l. + +, palm forest, + +8.xii.1990 + + +– +6.i.1991 +(S. & J. Peck). + + + + +New +records. + +ARGENTINA +: + +Misiones + +: +5♂ +18♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +19974), Parque Nacional Iguazú, Área Cataratas [ +25°40.7’S +, +54°26.9’W +], + +4.ix.1963 + +(collector not given) + +; + +7♂ +6♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +4313), same locality, + +xi.1954 + +( +Schiapelli +, +De Carlo +) + +; + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20052), same locality, + +16.viii.1959 + +( +Nuñez +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20016), same locality, + +13.i.1966 + +( +Galiano +) + +; + +1♀ +, +ZIMG +(II-28332), same locality, + +1.iii.2012 + +( +G. Rubio +) + +. + +1♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20088), Parque Nacional Iguazú, Área Cataratas, Sendero Macuco, + +15.vii.1993 + +( +M. di Vitteti +) + +; + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20086), same locality, + +8–15.ii.1995 + +( +M.J. Ramirez +) + +; + +1♂ +2♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +22113–15), same locality, + +18–21.i.2005 + +( +C. Grismado +et al. +) + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZIMG +(II-28333–34), same locality, + +24.ii.2012 + +( +P. Michalik +) + +. + +1♀ +2 juvs, +MACN +( +Ar +4017), +Parque Nacional Iguazú +, + +x.1950 + +( +Schiapelli +, +De Carlo +) + +; + +4♂ +2♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20077), same locality, + +8– 15.ii.1995 + +( +M.J. Ramirez +) + +; + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20107), same locality, + +vii.1983 + +( +P.A. Goloboff +) + +; + +2♂ +2♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20079), same locality, + +vii.1985 + +( +M. Ramirez +) + +. + +1♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20096), Parque Nacional Iguazú, Palmital, +5 km +W +Yacuí +[ +25°40’S +, +54°12’W +], + +8–15.ii.1995 + +( +M.J. Ramirez +) + +. + +1♀ +, +MACN +(separated from +Ar +20049), Parque Nacional Iguazú, Ruta National 101 y +Arroyo Yacuí +[ +25°40.8’S +, +54°10.1’W +, + +230 m + +], + +i.1966 + +( +Galiano +) + +. + +1♂ +, +ZIMG +(28335), +Parque Nacional Iguazú +, “ +Apepu +”, + +29.ii.2012 + +(collector not given) + +. + +1♂ +, +MACN +(separated from +Ar +19971), +Parque Provincial Cruce Caballero +, NE +San Pedro +[~ +26.5°S +, 54°W, + +500 m + +], + +27–29.x.1995 + +( +M. Ramirez +) + +. + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +20091), Parque Provincial +Uruguaí +[ +25°52’S +, +54°34’W +, + +200 m + +], +Refugio Caá-Porá +, +3 km +W +Deseado +, + +14– 15.ii.1995 + +( +M. Ramirez +) + +. + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +4314), Departamento Frontera, San Antonio [ +26°03’S +, +53°44’W +, + +530 m + +], +Refugio Piñalitos +, + +ix.1954 + +( +Schiapelli +, +De Carlo +) + +. + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +4046), Departamento Frontera, Tobuna [ +26°28’S +, +53°53’W +, + +580 m + +], + +ii.1952 + +( +M. Partridge +). + + + + + + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +29♂ +15♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19181), +Foz do Iguaçu National Park +(25.63– +25.69°S +, 54.43– +54.44°W +), + +200–230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +31.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14- 205), same data + +. + +17♂ +15♀ +3 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19182–83), +Foz do Iguaçu National Park +, near +Céu Azul +( +25.130°S +, +53.823°W +to +25.149°S +, +53.807°W +), + +620–690 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.xi.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-208), same data + +. + + + +FIGURES 408–418. + +Mesabolivar iguazu +Huber, 2000 + +(408–410, ZFMK Ar 19181) and + +M. argentinensis +(Mello-Leitão, 1938) + +(411–418, MACN Ar 32453). 408–414. Left procursi, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views (412: prolateral, slightly dorsal view). 415–416. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 417–418. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. Scale lines: 0.2 (408–414; all procursi at same scale), 0.3 (415–416), 0.5 (417–418). + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +65 newly examined males: 7.6–12.1 (mean 10.5). Femora 2 and +3 in +some males clearly wider than other femora, in others barely wider (e.g., diameters of femora in small male: 0.19, 0.21, 0.21, 0.19; in large male: 0.30, 0.37, 0.35, 0.31). Legs densely covered with short hair, tibiae dorsally with single row of long hairs. Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Proximal cheliceral processes vary slightly in diameter (even among specimens from a single collecting event) but are consistently long. + + +Females in general similar to males but all femora same diameter; tibia +1 in +50 females +: 5.6–9.3 (mean 7.6). Epigynum humps vary slightly in shape (in lateral view), even within samples from a single collecting event. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs close to the ground. When disturbed, they started swinging with large amplitude and ran back into the protective shelter. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in the Iguazu Falls area ( +Argentina +, +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 737 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62DFFDF2A9C9868361C7D89.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62DFFDF2A9C9868361C7D89.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..98553ba68b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62DFFDF2A9C9868361C7D89.xml @@ -0,0 +1,357 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar rudilapsi +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + + + + + +Figs 325–326 +, +365–368 +, +374–377 + + + + + + +Mesabolivar rudilapsi + + +Machado +et al. +2007a + +: 57 + + +, figs 12–18 (♂, Brazil: Santa Catarina). + + + +Note. +This species was previously known from the male +holotype +only. Here I newly describe the female and provide new records from +Santa Catarina +and +Paraná +states. The new +Santa Catarina +record below is within the range of coordinates given for the +type +specimen (which is lost, see below). A +neotype +is not designated because this is “a species about whose identity there is no doubt” and I do not see the “exceptional need” and other conditions specified in +ICZN (1999) +, Article 75.2–3. + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amendments; see + +Machado +et al. +2007a + +). Females of this species are easily distinguished from known congeners by unique shape of epigynum ( +Figs 365–367 +): strongly protruding, with pair of distal humps and large pocket on anterior face. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +IBSP +(62448), Parque Municipal Nascentes do Ribeirão Garcia (27°01’– +27°06’S +, 49°04’– +49°10’W +), +290–910 m +a.s.l., pitfall trap, +24.x.2004 +(R.C. Francisco); not examined (according to +Machado 2011 +, the +type +has been lost in the Butantan fire of +May 2010 +). + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19171), +Itajaí National Park +(27.049– +27.058°S +, 49.083– +49.088°W +), +Chuva Trail +, night collecting at river bank, + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + + + +Paraná + +: +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19172), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest along river above +Fazenda Niteroi +( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11.x.2014 + +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-131), same data + +; + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19173), same data but night collecting + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14- 137), same data + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19174), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest above +Hotel Mata Atlântica +( +25.670°S +, +48.600°W +), ~ + +200–300 m +a.s.l. + +, night collecting, + +12.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +, +SMNK +( +ECS 760–61 +), +Reserva Natural do Rio Cachoeira +[~ +23.38°S +, +48.70°W +], + +19.xi.2007 + +( +F. Raub +, +L. Scheuermann +). + + + +Description +(amendments; see + +Machado +et al. +2007a + +). Tibia +1 in +five newly examined males: 9.5–11.2 (mean 10.2). Femora 2 and +3 in +some males much wider than other femora, in others barely wider (diameters femora +1–4 in +2 males +: 0.12, 0.15, 0.16, 0.13; 0.15, 0.25, 0.23, 0.16). Tip of procursus varies slightly among localities; males from Reserva Natural do Rio Cachoeira with small ventral process between ridges and tip. + + +Females in general similar to male ( +Fig. 326 +); all leg femora approximately same diameter. Tibia +1 in +five females: 5.9–7.3 (mean 6.6). Epigynum as in +Figs 365–367 +, +374–376 +, anterior plate strongly protruding, slightly directed towards anterior, with pair of low distal humps and large pocket on anterior face; posterior plate simple. Internal genitalia relatively small, with distinctively shaped and arranged pore-plates ( +Figs 368 +, +377 +). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in small sheltered spaces close to the ground. When disturbed they vibrated vigorously and eventually ran away. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from three localities in +Santa Catarina +and +Paraná +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 735 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62EFFDB2A9C9AD030007D71.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62EFFDB2A9C9AD030007D71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b9f0637ebd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C62EFFDB2A9C9AD030007D71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,422 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar chapeco + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 378–379 +, +390–399 +, +433 + + + + + +Mesabolivar iguazu +: Huber 2014: 139 + +(only specimens from Puerto Libertad and Arroyo +Uruguay +km 30). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. uruguayensis + +, + +M. iguazu + +, + +M. yucuma + +) by long proximal processes on male chelicerae ( +Figs 392–393 +; similar in + +M. iguazu + +, where distal apophyses are more prominent in lateral view); also by male procursus ( +Figs 397–399 +; with distinctive distal sclerotized and membranous elements), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 394–395 +, +433 +; anterior plate straight in lateral view, with pair of low processes and pocket on dark sclerotized process at posterior margin). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21520–21), +4♂ +7♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19175), Chapecó National Forest ( +27.103°S +, +52.779°W +), +620 m +a.s.l., +27.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Santa Catarina + +: +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br14-193), same data as types. + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +ARGENTINA +: + +Misiones + +: +2♂ +2♀ +, +MACN +( +Ar +4019), “ +Pto. +17 +de Octubre +” [ +Puerto Libertad +, +25°55’S +, +54°36’W +, + +220 m + +], + +x.1953 + +( +Schiapelli +, +De Carlo +) + +; + +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +4312), same data but + +xi.1954 + + +. + +5♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +2889, 2984, 3262), same data, “km 30”, + +xi.1949 + + +– + + +ii.1950 + +( +J.A. Cranwell +, +Partridge +). +1♂ +, +MACN +( +Ar +19962), Arroyo +Uruguay +, km 30 [ +25°52’S +, +54°34’W +, + +200 m + +], date unreadable, leg. +Partridge. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.8, carapace width 1.6. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.05/ 0.75. Leg 1: 42.3 (10.8 + 0.7 + 10.4 + 18.1 + 2.3), tibia 2: 6.8, tibia 3: 5.3, tibia 4: 6.9; tibia 1 L/d: 69. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.26, 0.30, 0.30, 0.25. + + +FIGURES 378–389. +Live specimens, + +Mesabolivar iguazu + +group. 378–379. + +M. chapeco + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Chapecó. 380–381. + +M. yucuma + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Turvo. 382–383. + +M. iguazu +Huber, 2000 + +, males from Iguaçú. 384–385. + +M. charrua +Machado +et al. +, 2013 + +, male and female from Serra Geral. 386–387. + +M. catarinensis + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Serra Geral. 388–389. + +M. bicuspis + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from St. Hilaire/Lange. + + + + +FIGURES 390–396. + +Mesabolivar chapeco + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19175). 390–391. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 392–393. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 394–395. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 396. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +FIGURES 397–407. + +Mesabolivar chapeco + + +sp. n. + +(397–399, ZFMK Ar 19175) and + +M. yucuma + + +sp. n. + +(400–407, ZFMK Ar 19176). 397–402. Left procursi, prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views (arrows point at transversal ridges). 403–404. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 405–406. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 407. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.2 (397–402; all procursi at same scale); 0.5 (403–407). + + +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with large dark median mark including ocular area and brown lateral margins; clypeus not darker; sternum pale orange; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter, without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, with darker internal marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with orange to light brown area in front of gonopore and indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 378 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of small apophyses distally close to median line and pair of distinctive long processes proximally ( +Figs 392–393 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 390–391 +; coxa with distinctive retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally strongly widening; procursus weakly curved, with distinctive sclerotized and membranous elements distally ( +Figs 397-399 +); genital bulb with long process partly sclerotized. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males from +type +locality: 9.9, 10.0, 10.1. Legs sometimes lighter, with subdistal darker rings. Males from +Argentina +(Puerto Libertad, Arroyo +Uruguay +) appear indistinguishable but are assigned tentatively because the females from Puerto Libertad appear slightly different (see below); tibia +1 in +two males from Puerto Libertad: 9.6, 10.5. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 379 +). Tibia +1 in +eight females from +type +locality: 7.1–7.7 (mean 7.6). Epigynum as in +Figs 394–395 +, +433 +; anterior plate with pair of low processes and pocket on sclerotized process at posterior margin; posterior plate barely visible, reduced to pair of light brown marks. Internal genitalia as in +Fig. 396 +, with pair of pore-plates in lateral position, converging anteriorly. Females from Puerto Libertad with slightly smaller epigynal humps; tibia 1: 6.0 (missing in second female). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were abundant in sheltered spaces, usually close to the ground. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Santa Catarina +state ( +Brazil +) and from +Misiones +( +Argentina +) (Argentinean specimens assigned tentatively) ( +Fig. 737 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C630FFC32A9C9808300F7BC9.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C630FFC32A9C9808300F7BC9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd286836f65 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C630FFC32A9C9808300F7BC9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,659 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar brasiliensis +( +Moenkhaus, 1898 +) + + + + + +Figs 274–279 +, +298–299 + + + + + + +Litoporus brasiliensis + +Moenkhaus, 1898 +: 110 + + +, pl. 5, figs 6, 6a–c (♂, Brazil: São Paulo). Mello-Leitão 1918: 95, figs 5–6 (copy of +Moenkhaus 1898 +). + + + + + +Blechroscelis viridis +Mello-Leitão, 1918: 105 + +, figs 19–20 (♂, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). + +Mello-Leitão 1947c +: 2 + +(dubious record, see Notes below). Synonymized in Huber 2000: 217. + + + + +Mesabolivar brasiliensis +: Huber 2000: 217 + +, figs 843–850 (Brazil: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Paraná). + +Ramalho +et al. +2008 + +: 454 (São Paulo). +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro). Castanheira +et al. +2016: 13 (Rio de Janeiro). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. kathrinae + +, + +M. azureus + +, + +M. pallens + +) by shape of procursus ( +Figs 274–279 +; without distal spine-like process; bent rather than evenly curved as in + +M. azureus + +; with widened rather than slender tip as in + +M. kathrinae + +and + +M. pallens + +); from + +M. kathrinae + +also by male chelicerae (Huber 2000: fig. 843; distal apophyses in more distal position; presence of indistinct proximal processes) and by epigynum with median pocket (pocket absent in + +M. kathrinae + +). Females of + +M. brasiliensis + +, + +M. pallens + +, and + +M. azureus + +may be indistinguishable externally ( +Figs 292, 294, 298–299 +). + + + + + +Type +material. + + +Litoporus brasiliensis +Moenkhaus, 1898 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +São Paulo + +: +♂ +lectotype +, +1♀ +paralectotype +(designated in Huber 2000), +MZSP +, Poço Grande, “margem do Rio Juquiá” [ +23.756°S +, +46.667°W +], +i.1898 +(W. Moenkhaus), examined (Huber 2000). + + + + +Blechroscelis viridis +Mello-Leitão, 1918 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +3♂ +syntypes +, +MNRJ +, Pinheiro [ +22.52°S +, +44.00°W +], no further data, examined (Huber 2000). + + + + + +New records. +BRAZIL +: + +São Paulo + +: +2♂ +3♀ +1 juv. +, ZFMK (Ar 19105), Ubatuba, Fazenda Angelim ( +23.394°S +, +45.063°W +), +16–18.xii.2003 +(B.A. Huber); +1♂ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br03/100-7), same data. +1♂ +1♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 19106), +São Paulo +City, Parque Estadual de Cantareira ( +23.417°S +, +46.617°W +), +20.xii.2003 +(B.A. Huber); +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br03/100-16), same data. +5♂ +4♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (G002), +São Paulo +City, Parque Estadual de Cantareira, +28.vi.2001 +(R. Pinto da +Rocha +, C. Rheims). + + + + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +3♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19107–08), +Reserva Ecológica Rio das Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +. + +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19109), +Cachoeira da Pedra Branca +near +Paraty +( +23°11.8’S +, +44°46.0’W +), forest near river, ~ + +230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +). + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively + +(see +Notes +below). +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +4♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19110), Cachoeiras de Macacu, Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú (22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W), + +140–300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19111), same locality at + +140–280 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +. + +1♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19112), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, +44°06.0’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +6♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19113–14), same locality at + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +3♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-113), same locality, + +25–26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +4♂ +3♀ +, +MNRJ +(14317), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, night, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +, +A. Kury +) + +; + +1♀ +, +MNRJ +(14318), same data but day + +. + +4♂ +2♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19115), ~ +3.5 km +NW +Paraty +( +23°11.5’S +, +44°43.9’W +), degraded forest, ~ + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +21.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-19), same data + +. + +4♂ +1♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19116), +Cachoeira da Pedra Branca +near +Paraty +( +23°11.8’S +, +44°46.0’W +), forest near river, ~ + +230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(G005), +Itatiaia +[ +22.496°S +, +44.561°W +], + +8–15.vi.2001 + +( +H.F. Japyassú +). + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +32 newly examined males: 8.8–13.1 (mean 11.3); in 30 newly examined females: 6.8–10.4 (mean 8.7). Male femora 2 usually wider than other femora, especially distal thirds. Femora significantly longer than tibiae (e.g., male tibia 1 length 83% of femur 1 length). Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Tip of procursus variable, possibly indicating presence of more than one species ( +Figs 274–279 +; see Notes below). Proximal processes on male chelicerae sometimes distinct, sometimes barely visible in dissecting microscope. Female femora all about same diameter. Epigynum slightly variable in size and shape, depending on degree of sclerotization of anterior plate and on distinctness of internal ‘valve’ visible through cuticle. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs freely suspended among the vegetation, mostly ~ +0.5– 1 m +above the ground. The webs seemed to consist of two sheets: a domed upper sheet where the spider rested (diameter ~ +20 cm +), with a tangle of silk lines above the dome, and a lower rather flat sheet slightly below the dome. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed from eastern +Paraná +state to +Rio de Janeiro +state, +Brazil +( +Fig. 731 +) (but see Notes below). + + +Notes. +As already noted previously (Huber 2000), two species might be included: the ‘true’ + +M. brasiliensis + +with a procursus as shown in +Figs 274–276 +(slender, with distinct dorsal widening), and a possible second species with a procursus as shown in +Figs 277–279 +. The male chelicerae and the epigyna do not seem to differ between these two ‘morphs’ or ‘species’. + + +‘True’ + +M. brasiliensis + +also seem to have a consistently shorter abdomen and shorter legs. Tibia 1 length in ten males of ‘true’ + +M. brasiliensis + +: 8.8–11.5 (mean 9.9); in +22 males +of the possible second species: 10.8–13.1 (mean 11.8). Tibia 1 length in seven females of ‘true’ + +M. brasiliensis + +: 6.8–8.1 (mean 7.6); in +23 females +of the possible second species: 8.0–10.4 (mean 9.0). + + +Geographically, the ‘true’ + +M. brasiliensis + +is more southern, the possible second species more northern, but there is considerable overlap in southern +Rio de Janeiro +state, where both ‘morphs’ or ‘species’ were found to even share localities (Reserva Ecológica Rio das Pedras, Cachoeira da Pedra Branca near Paraty). + +The species is not formally split here because I have not (re)examined all material available in collections. Ideally, a much denser sampling combined with molecular species delimitation methods should be done before splitting (or not splitting) this species. + +Mello-Leitão (1947c) +reported the species (under + +Blechroscelis viridis + +) from Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro. I have not seen his specimens (not specified) but consider the record dubious because of the distance to confirmed records. + +Ramalho +et al. +(2008) + +reported the species from “Estação Ecológica de Boracéia (22°11’S, 48°46’W), Salesópolis” but give wrong coordinates (of the town Boracéia: 22.18°S, 48.77°W; instead of the Ecological Station near Salesópolis: ~23.63°S, 45.83°W). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C632FFCD2A9C9C1031527C34.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C632FFCD2A9C9C1031527C34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ac42840fb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C632FFCD2A9C9C1031527C34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1044 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar cyaneotaeniatus +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + + + + + +Figs 257–258 +, +280–283 +, +300–303 + + + + + + +Pholcus cyaneotaeniatus + +Keyserling, 1891 +: 176 + + +, pl. 6, figs 121, 121a–b (♂♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). + + + + + +Blechroscelis cyaneotaeniatus +: + +Moenkhaus 1898 +: 99 + + +–100 ( +Rio de Janeiro +, +São Paulo +). Mello-Leitão 1918: 107–108. (Both authors just translated Keyserling’s original description). + + + + +Mesabolivar cyaneotaeniatus +: Huber 2000: 225 + +, figs 55, 883–894 (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Pará – see Notes below). Machado 2007: 75 (Brazil: Minas Gerais, Espírito Santo, São Paulo). + +Ramalho +et al. +2008 + +: 454 (São Paulo). +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 (Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo). Castanheira +et al. +2016: 12 (Rio de Janeiro). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. tamoio + +, + +M. sai + +, + +M. kaingang + +) by tip of procursus (compare Huber 2015: figs 136–138 and +Figs 280–283 +, +285 +), by male chelicerae (with only one pair of distal apophyses, without proximal apophyses; Huber 2000: fig. 891) and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 300–303 +; pocket in posterior position, without thick cuticular rim surrounding pocket). Distinguished from all other known congeners by dorsal widening of procursus ( +Figs 280–283 +), and by male femora with prolatero-dorsal stripes of short vertical hairs (Huber 2015: figs 157–159). From most other congeners also by single rows of blunt spines on male metatarsi 2 and 3 (Huber 2000: figs 889 and 890; similar spines are otherwise only known in some representatives of the ‘ + +aurantiacus + +group’, i.e. + +M. aurantiacus + +, + +M. cyaneus + +, + +M. eberhardi + +, + +M. huanuco + +; Huber 2000). + + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +♂ +lectotype + +, 3♀ paralectotypes (designated in Huber 2000), BMNH (0321–4), Miracema [21.413°S, 42.196°W] and “St. + +Antonio am Rio Pomba +” [= +Santo Antônio de Pádua +, +21.545°S +, +42.185°W +], date not given, leg. +E.A. Göldi +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +2♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19117), +Santa Maria Madalena +, forest fragment (21°58.9’–59.1’S, 41°57.2’–57.6’W), + +480–590 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.ix.–1.x.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +2♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-75), same data + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19118), +Cachoeiras de Macacu +, +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +(22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W), + +140–280 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-99), same data but + +23–24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19119), same data but + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19120), same locality at ~ + +300–400 m +a.s.l. + +( +22°24.3’S +, +42°44.1’W +), + +24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19121), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, +44°06.0’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +6♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19122–23), same locality at + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +2♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-115), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25– 26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +5♂ +7♀ +4 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19124–27), ~ +4 km +NW +Penedo +( +22°24.5’S +, 44°33.0’–33.4’W), forest along river, + +700–770 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14–16.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +); 3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-7, 36), same data + +. + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(G003), +Itatiaia +[ +22.45°S +, +44.59°W +], + +8–15.vi.2001 + +( +H. Japyassú +) + +. + +12♂ +3♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19128–29), +Paraty +, degraded forest near +Morro do Forte +( +23°11.7’S +, +44°42.8’W +), ~ + +10–30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-29), same data + +. + +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19130), +Cachoeira do Tobogã +near +Paraty +( +23°12.7’S +, +44°47.5’W +), ~ + +220 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-18), ~ +3.5 km +NW +Paraty +( +23°11.5’S +, +44°43.9’W +), degraded forest, ~ + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +21.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +1♂ +4 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-23), +Cachoeira da Pedra Branca +near +Paraty +( +23°11.8’S +, +44°46.0’W +), forest near river, ~ + +230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +). + + + + + + +São Paulo + +: +15♂ +4♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br03/100-32, 33, 34), +São Paulo +, Jardim Zoológico ( +23.65°S +, +46.62°W +), +13.xii.2003 +(B.A. Huber). + + + + +Santa Catarina + +: +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19131), +Serra do Itajaí National Park +( +27.058°S +, +49.084°W +), Chuva Trail, + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19132), +Itapoá +, +Reserva Volta Velha +( +26°05.8’S +, +48°39.1’W +), + +20 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27–28.ix.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +J. Ricetti +). + + + + + +Paraná + +: +1♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19133–34), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest along river above +Fazenda Niteroi +( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♂ +3♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19135), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest above +Hotel Mata Atlântica +( +25.670°S +, +48.600°W +), ~ + +200–300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +12.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-141), same data + +. + + + + +Espírito Santo + +: +8♂ +9♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19136), Vargem Alta, Fazenda Monte Verde (20°27.6’–28.2’S, 40°59.5’– +41°00.2’W +), + +1000–1200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2–3.x.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +); 3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-81), same data + +. + +1♂ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19137), +Reserva Biológica de Sooretama +, ‘site 1’ ( +19°03.3’S +, +40°08.8’W +), ~ + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19138), same locality at ‘site 2’ ( +19°00.7’S +, +40°06.5’W +), ~ + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +. + +4♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19139), +Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado +, ‘site 1’ ( +18°22.1’S +, +40°08.3’W +), ~ + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-136), same data + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19140), same locality at ‘site 2’ ( +18°21.7’S +, +40°10.0’W +), ~ + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +). + + + + + +Bahia + +: +2♂ +9♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19141), Parque Nacional do Pau +Brasil +, ‘site 2’ (outside park limits) ( +16°25.7’S +, +39°21.1’W +), ~ + +60 m +a.s.l. + +, + +1.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, +M. Alves Dias +) + +; + +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-157), same data + +. + + + +FIGURES 280–283. + +Mesabolivar cyaneotaeniatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, left procursus tips, males from Vargem Alta (280, ZFMK Ar 19136), St. Hilaire/Lange (281, ZFMK Ar 19134), Pau Brasil (282, ZFMK Ar 19141), and Guapiaçú (283, ZFMK Ar 19118). Arrows point at details that indicate possible existence of two species. Scale line: 0.3 (all at same scale). + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +45 newly examined males: 12.1–17.3 (mean 14.2); in 41 newly examined females: 8.8–13.6 (mean 10.9). Male femora 2 and 3 usually wider than other femora, especially distal thirds. Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Tip of procursus variable, possibly indicating presence of more than one species ( +Figs 280–283 +; see Notes below). Female legs without spines, all femora approximately same diameter. Epigynum slightly variable in size and shape, with or without sclerotized ridges originating at both sides from pocket ( +Figs 300–303 +), possibly indicating presence of more than one species (see Notes below). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were often found in high densities in disturbed areas, for example in ferns along trails and in road cuts. Individual webs were sometimes attached to each other. The webs were often quite exposed, with direct sunlight reaching the spiders. The webs were mostly found ~ +0.5–2 m +above the ground, and consisted of two sheets, a domed upper sheet, diameter ~ +20–30 cm +, and a rather flat lower sheet about +10 cm +below the dome. When disturbed, the spiders first moved away, then started swinging with large amplitude and high frequency, and eventually dropped to the ground. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed from eastern +Santa Catarina +state to southern +Bahia +( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 732 +) (but see Notes below). + + +Notes. +As already noted previously (Huber 2014), the record for +Pará +, Belém in Huber (2000) is dubious and probably a result of mislabeling. Intensive recent collecting in Belém and in many other localities in +Pará +state has not resulted in this species, which - being large and conspicuous - is very unlikely to be missed when present. + + +The newly examined material suggests that two species might be included: the ‘true’ + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +with a procursus as shown in +Figs 280–281 +(without retrolateral oblique sclerite, with longer ventral sclerite, with slightly curved tip), and a possible second species with a procursus as shown in +Figs 282–283 +. + + +The epigyna seem to show congruent variation: ‘true’ + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +with dark ridges originating at both sides from pocket ( +Figs 300–301 +; see also Huber 2000: fig. 892), the possible second species without such ridges ( +Figs 302–303 +). + + +In the male paralectotype, both pedipalps are missing, and the palps shown in Huber (2000) are from a different specimen (Parque Nacional Tijuca, “road to Paineiras”, ~22.948°S, 43.204°W). However, the female paralectotypes agree with what is here called the ‘true’ + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +, so the decision of what should be the ‘true’ + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +seems unproblematic. + + +Geographically, the ‘true’ + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +is more southern ( +Santa Catarina +to southern +Espírito Santo +), the possible second species more northern ( +Rio de Janeiro +to southern +Bahia +), but there is considerable overlap in +Rio de Janeiro +and +Espírito Santo +states. + +The species is not formally split here because I have not (re)examined all material available in collections. Ideally, a much denser sampling combined with molecular species delimitation methods should be done before splitting (or not splitting) this species. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C635FFC62A9C9BA630537B01.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C635FFC62A9C9BA630537B01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7f5be8ec64 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C635FFC62A9C9BA630537B01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar pallens + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 266–270 +, +272 +, +294–295 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most known congeners by pale coloration, cylindrical abdomen, and relatively small male palps and epigynum. From most similar congener ( + +M. kathrinae + +) by wider procursus (compare +Figs 272 and 273 +), presence of proximal processes on male chelicerae ( +Fig. 268 +), and by presence of median pocket on epigynum ( +Figs 269 +, +294 +). Females are externally barely distinguishable from + +M. brasiliensis + +and + +M. azureus + +; males of these two species have very different procursi (compare +Figs 271, 272, 274–279 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the pale greenish coloration of this species (Latin + +pallens + += pale, greenish); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Espírito Santo + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14316), +1♂ +2♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19093), Vargem Alta, Fazenda Monte Verde (20°27.6’–28.2’S, 40°59.5’– +41°00.2’W +), +1000–1200 m +a.s.l., +2– 3.x.2010 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Espírito Santo + +: +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br10-84), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.3, carapace width 1.1. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 90 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.75/ 0.55. Leg 1: 46.8 (12.7 + 0.4 + 10.1 + 20.9 + 2.7), tibia 2: 6.9, tibia 3: 5.3, tibia 4: 6.7; tibia 1 L/d: 75. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, 0.18 (distal third: 0.22), 0.15, 0.14. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with indistinct darker mark behind ocular area; ocular area and clypeus not darkened; sternum light brown to orange; legs light to dark brown, with distinct black rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), tips of femora and tibiae whitish; abdomen greenish gray, without dorsal pattern, ventrally with light brown plate in front of gonopore and indistinct darker median band behind gonopore. + +BODY. Similar to + +M. azureus + +(cf. +Fig. 254 +); ocular area slightly raised; carapace with shallow but distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Fig. 268 +, with pair of simple distal apophyses close to median line and pair of small proximal processes. + + + +FIGURES 266–270. + +Mesabolivar pallens + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19093). 266–267. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 268. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 269. Epigynum, ventral view. 270. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (266–268), 0.2 (269–270). + + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 266–267 +; very small relative to body size; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur long, with retrolateral process proximally, widened distally; tarsus with small dorsal process; procursus strongly bent, with distinctive distal black spine and retrolateral membranous process with small tines ( +Fig. 272 +); bulb with weakly sclerotized conical process, without side branch. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~50 pseudosegments, fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +two other males: 10.0, 10.5. + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +four females: 7.7, 7.9, 8.0, 8.5. Epigynum very small and simple, weakly sclerotized, with small median pocket, internal blueish to greenish ‘valve’ visible through cuticle; posterior plate simple ( +Figs 269 +, +294 +). Internal genitalia as in +Figs 270 +, +295 +, with round pore-plates embedded in large sclerite. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in strongly domed webs freely suspended among the vegetation. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality only ( +Fig. 730 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C637FFC62A9C9DE630587EB7.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C637FFC62A9C9DE630587EB7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6afe7308077 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C637FFC62A9C9DE630587EB7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,476 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar kathrinae +Huber, 2015 + + + + + +Figs 255–256 +, +273 +, +296 + + + + + +Mesabolivar kathrinae +Huber, 2015: 8 + +, figs 4, 11, 26–27, 57–61, 75–77 (♂♀, Brazil: Bahia). + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amended; see Huber 2015). Easily distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. pallens + +, + +M. azureus + +, + +M. brasiliensis + +) by slender procursus (compare +Figs 271–279 +) (but see Note below) and by epigynum without median pocket (Huber 2015: figs 26, 60; +Fig. 296 +). + + +Note. +A very similar species occurs in Paraná state (Fazenda Experimental Gralha Azul, 25.667°S, 49.270°W; specimens in ZFMK Ar 19104 and Br10-59; “Br10-4” in +Fig. 730 +). Males seem to be slightly larger but otherwise identical in all details; females differ by having a shallow but distinct median epigynal pocket ( +Fig. 297 +). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +IBSP +(166456), +7♂ +3♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 12621), Reserva Biológica de Una, ‘site 2’ ( +15°10.6’S +, +39°03.5’W +), ~ +50–100 m +a.s.l., +4.x.2011 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +5♂ +6♀ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 272 +), Maracás, near + +Sede +da Ferbasa + +( +13.471°S +, +40.438°W +), + +955 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11–13.iii.2012 + +( +E. Araújo +, +A. Medeiros +). + + + + + + + +Alagoas + +: +27♂ +23♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19094–95), near +Murici +, +Estação Ecológica de Murici +( +9°14.8’S +, +35°50.3’W +), + +350– 400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +18.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-198), same data + +; + +12♂ +14♀ +5 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19096), same data but + +19.v.2015 + + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-205), same data + +. + + + + +Pernambuco + +: +5♂ +4♀ +6 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19097), near +Bonito +, forest near + +Cachoeira +da Gruta + +( +8°32.8’S +, +35°42.7’W +), + +380 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24–25.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-223), same data + +. + +6♂ +16♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19098–99), +Reserva Biológica de Saltinho +( +8°43.6’S +, +35°10.7’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Paraíba + +: +2♂ +2♀ +3 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19100), Jardim Botânico Benjamin +Maranhão +, " +Mata do Buraquinho +" ( +7°08.31’S +, +34°51.46’W +), + +30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15- 247), same data + +. + +2♂ +2♀ +4 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19101), +Floresta Nacional da Restinga de Cabedelo +, " +Mata do Amém +" ( +7°03.9’S +, +34°51.2’W +), + +30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15- 248), same data + +. + + + + +Amapá + +: +6♂ +4♀ +6 juvs, +ZFMK +(Ar 19102–03), forest +SW Macapá +, ‘site 1’ ( +0.051°S +, +51.136°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +12.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-247), same data + +. + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2015). Tibia +1 in +56 newly examined males: 7.2–10.7 (mean 9.4); in +62 females +: 6.3–8.6 (mean 7.4). Male and female leg femora distally wider than proximally; male femora 2 thicker distally than other femora (femora maximum width in large male: 0.17, 0.25, 0.17, 0.18). ‘Valve’ in internal female genitalia sometimes dark and clearly visible through cuticle, sometimes not visible from outside. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in weakly domed webs freely suspended among the vegetation, usually about +0.5–1.5 m +above the ground. Males and females sometimes shared a web. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in NE +Brazil +( +Fig. 730 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63AFFD52A9C9E3C30BD78E9.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63AFFD52A9C9E3C30BD78E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bddeebb0ff6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63AFFD52A9C9E3C30BD78E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,866 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar spinulosus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1939 +) + + + + + +Figs 315–318 +, +340–345 + + + + + + +Blechroscelis spinulosus + +Mello-Leitão, 1939 +: 173 + + +(♂♀, Brazil: Paraíba). + + + + +Mesabolivar spinulosus +: Huber 2000: 212 + +, figs 820–825. Machado 2007: 75 (Brazil: Paraíba, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Piauí, Bahia). Carvalho & Avelino 2010: 6 (Piauí). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraíba + +: +♂ +lectotype +, +1♀ +paralectotype +(designated in Huber 2000), +MNRJ +(58365), Soledade [ +7.07°S +, +36.37°W +], date unknown, leg. R. von Ihering (examined: Huber 2000). + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraíba + +: +3♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19151), near +Campina Grande +( +7°11.2’S +, +35°48.8’W +), + +430 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-238), same data + +. + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19152), near +Queimadas +, rocky outcrop near road ( +7°21.07’S +, +35°54.10’W +), + +500–550 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-236), same data + +. + +6♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19153), +Floresta Nacional da Restinga de Cabedelo +, " +Mata do Amém +" ( +7°03.9’S +, +34°51.2’W +), + +30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + + + + +Rio +Grande do Norte + + +: +2♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19154), +Parque Estadual Mata de Pipa +, outside park limits ( +6°13.70’S +, +35°04.01’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +3♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19155), degraded forest along +Maxaranguape River +( +5°29.61’S +, +35°17.09’W +), + +20 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-259), same data + +. + +5♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19156), +Caatinga +near +João Câmara +( +5°34.33’S +, +35°55.28’W +), + +130 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-260), same data + +. + +5♂ +5♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19157), near Baraúna, Furna Feia cave ( +5°02.19’S +, +37°33.62’W +), + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +6.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-261), same data + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19158), near +Baraúna +, +Caverna +dos +Macacos +( +5°02.33’S +, +37°33.69’W +), + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +6.vi.2015 + +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-263), same data + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19159), near +Baraúna +, +Gruta do Pinga +( +5°03.11’S +, +37°32.37’W +), + +150 m +a.s.l. + +, + +7.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-269), near +Felipe Guerra +, +Lajedo do Arapuá +, +Caverna do Sabonete +( +5°31.60’S +, +37°37.43’W +), + +70 m +a.s.l. + +, + +8.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19160), near +Felipe Guerra +, +Lajedo do Arapuá +, +Gruta do Vale +( +5°31.85’S +, +37°36.96’W +), + +60 m +a.s.l. + +, + +8.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Pernambuco + +: +3♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19161), rocky outcrop near +João Alfredo +( +7°50.05’S +, +35°37.65’W +), + +360 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 4 juvs in pure ethanol + +, + +ZFMK +( +Br +15-234), same data + +. + + + + +Ceará + +: +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 298 +), +Parque Nacional de Ubajara +, +Gruta do Morcego Branco +( +3.833°S +, +40.900°W +), + +535 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.ix.2012 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Piauí + +: +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 269 +), +Parque Municipal da Pedra do Castelo +( +5.202°S +, +41.687°W +), + +23.vii.2012 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♂ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 275 +), same data but + +26.ii.2012 + + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 0270 +), +Ilha +Grande de Santa Izabel, Povoado Saquinho ( +2.767°S +, +41.805°W +), + +27.ii.2012 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 300 +), +Parnaíba +, +Distrito de Irrigação +dos Tabuleiros Litorâneos do +Piauí +( +3.037°S +, +41.779°W +), + +29.ii.2012 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +3♂ +4♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 271 +, +274 +), +Coronel José Dias +, +Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara +[~ +8.8°S +, +42.5°W +], + +7–10.vi.2012 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 284 +), +Coronel José Dias +, +Parque Nacional da Serra da Capivara +, near +Desfiladero das Andorinhas +( +8.767°S +, +42.478°W +), + +6.vi.2011 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +3♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 276 +, +282 +), +Floriano +, +Fazenda do Colegio Agricola de Floriano +( +6.762°S +, +43.055°W +), + +5.i.2012 + +( +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Bahia + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-181), +Fazenda Morro de Pedra +(12°31.6’–31.8’S, 40°36.1’–36.4’W), + +490 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Measurements of a male from near Campina Grande: Total body length 4.1, carapace width 1.65. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 70 µm. Leg 1: 45.0 (11.9 + 0.7 + 11.6 + 18.7 + 2.1), tibia 2: 8.1, tibia 3: 6.1, tibia 4: 7.8; tibia 1 L/d: 64. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.30, 0.27, 0.24, 0.24. Retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%. + + +Body size and leg length extremely variable. Body length in largest male: 5.7. Tibia +1 in +31 newly examined males: 8.8–17.6 (mean 12.2). Spines in males most numerous on femora 1 and 2, fewer on femora 3 and 4 and on tibiae 1–3; apparently never present on tibiae 4; large males with disproportionately more spines than small males. + + +Females in general similar to male; spines usually present, in small females only on femora and tibiae 1, in large females on all femora and on tibiae 1–3 like in males. Body size and leg length extremely variable like in males. Tibia +1 in +30 newly examined females: 7.2–14.4 (mean 9.6). Epigynum anterior plate slightly variable in shape, even within localities ( +Figs 340–345 +); anterior processes sometimes rather pointed, sometimes rounded. Sternum color variable (orange to brown). + + + +FIGURES 315–326. +Live specimens and habitus photos, + +Mesabolivar spinulosus + +group and + +M. xingu + +group. 315–318. + +M. spinulosus +(Mello-Leitão, 1939) + +, males from Campina Grande and Furna Feia Cave, females from Queimadas and Pinga Cave (feeding on caterpillar). 319. + +M. murici + + +sp. n. + +, male from Murici. 320–321. + +M. serrapelada + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Serra Pelada. 322. + +M. amanaye + + +sp. n. + +, male from Marabá (ZFMK Ar 19169). 323–324. + +M. guaycolec + + +sp. n. + +, male in dorsal and lateral views (CAS 9027305). 325–326. + +M. rudilapsi +Machado +et al. +, 2007 + +, male and female from St. Hilaire/Lange. + + + +Natural history. +The spiders occupied a wide range of habitats, from forests to very dry Caatinga vegetation and caves. At Mata do Amém, they shared the space among buttresses with + +M. buraquinho + +; at João Câmara, they were found on cacti, in direct sunlight; at Furna Feia and Pinga Caves they were found both within the cave and outside, where several specimens were greenish, possibly as a result of eating greenish insect larvae ( +Fig. 318 +). For further data on defense behavior and microhabitat in populations from +Piauí +, gathered by L.S. Carvalho, see Huber +et al. +(2014b). + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in northeastern +Brazil +( +Fig. 734 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63CFFCE2A9C9ACF301B7FDC.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63CFFCE2A9C9ACF301B7FDC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68e45d7d8f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63CFFCE2A9C9ACF301B7FDC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar kaingang + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 259–260 +, +284–291 +, +304–305 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by male procursus ( +Figs 285, 287–288 +; small dorsal process, retrolateral ridge, prolateral pointed process); also by armature of male chelicerae ( +Fig. 286 +; distal apophyses close to lamellae, small proximal processes) and shape of epigynum ( +Figs 289–290 +, +304 +; oval, with posterior pocket on slightly projecting ‘scape’). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name honors the Kaingang, a Native American ethnic group spread out over the states of +Paraná +, +Santa Catarina +and +Rio Grande do Sul +and the southeastern state of +São Paulo +; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21512–13), +10♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19142), Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park, forest above Hotel Mata Atlântica ( +25.670°S +, +48.600°W +), ~ +200– 300 m +a.s.l., night collecting, +12.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +5♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-140), same data as types + +. + +3♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19143), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest along river above +Fazenda Niteroi +( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-133), same data + +. + +4♂ +, +SMNK +( +ECS 756 +, +759 +), +Reserva Natural do Rio Cachoeira +[~ +23.38°S +, +48.70°W +], 19.xi./ + +15.xii.2007 + +( +F. Raub +, +L. Scheuermann +). + + + + +FIGURES 284–291. + +Mesabolivar kaingang + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19142). 284–285. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 286. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 287–288. Left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 289–290. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 291. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +FIGURES 292–305. +Female epigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, + +Mesabolivar kathrinae + +group and + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +group. 292–293. + +M. azureus +(Badcock, 1932) + +(ZFMK Ar 19087). 294–295. + +M. pallens + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19093). 296. + +M. kathrinae +Huber, 2015 + +(ZFMK Ar 12621). 297. +M +. sp., undescribed species (ZFMK Ar 19104), from Paraná, Fazenda Experimental Gralha Azul. 298–299. + +M. brasiliensis +(Moenkhaus, 1898) + +, from Ubatuba (298, ZFMK Ar 19105) and Guapiaçú (299, ZFMK Ar 19110). 300–303. + +M. cyaneotaeniatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +(‘true’) from St. Hilaire/Lange (300, ZFMK Ar 19134) and Vargem Alta (301, ZFMK Ar 19136), and possible heterospecific specimens from Guapiaçú (302, ZFMK Ar 19120) and Pau Brasil (303, ZFMK Ar 19141). 304–305. + +M. kaingang + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19142). Arrows point at present (300)/absent (302) dark ridges. + + + + + +Santa Catarina + +: +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19144), +Itapoá +, +Reserva Volta Velha +( +26°05.8’S +, +48°39.1’W +), + +20 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27– 28.ix.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +J. Ricetti +); 4 juvs in pure ethanol + +, + +ZFMK +( +Br +10-68), same data + +. + + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraná + +: +3♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19145), São José dos Pinhais, Serro e +Gemido +( +25°41.5’S +, +49°03.4’W +), ~ + +1000 m +a.s.l. + +, in hollow trees, + +25.ix.2010 + +(B.A. Huber, J. Ricetti) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-60), same data + +. + +1♀ +(and one +♂ +palp and +♂ +chelicerae transferred from +ZFMK +Br +10-58), +ZFMK +( +Ar +19146), +Rio Grande +, +Fazenda Experimental Gralha Azul +( +25°40.0’S +, +49°16.2’W +), + +910 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26.ix.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +J. Ricetti +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-58), same data + +. + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.7, carapace width 1.7. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 160 µm, distance PME-ALE 150 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.2/ 0.7. Leg 1: 61.2 (14.7 + 0.8 + 14.4 + 27.3 + 4.0), tibia 2: 10.8, tibia 3: 8.9, tibia 4: 9.3; tibia 1 L/d: 90. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.23, 0.25, 0.25, 0.23. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with large dark median mark including ocular area, clypeus not darker; sternum orange; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter, indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally pale greenish gray with small ochre-yellow area in front of gonopore and indistinct ochre-yellow area in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 259 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With distal apophyses close to lamellae, weakly projecting (not visible in lateral view), proximal processes very small ( +Fig. 286 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 284–285 +; coxa with distinct retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with hooked retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally widening; procursus with small dorsal process, distinctive retrolateral ridge and small prolateral pointed process ( +Figs 285, 287–288 +); genital bulb with large tapering process mostly membranous. + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +12 other males from Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park: 13.1–16.4 (mean 14.4). Proximal cheliceral processes barely visible in some males. In males from near Curitiba (Serro e Gemido and Fazenda Experimental Gralha Azul) the proximal cheliceral processes are larger, and the procursus differs slightly (prolateral apophysis stronger, proximal part relatively more slender); specimens from these localities are therefore assigned tentatively; tibia +1 in +males from Serro e Gemido: 12.9, 14.0, 15.3. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 260 +). Tibia +1 in +nine females from Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park and Volta Velha: 10.6–14.1 (mean 12.4). Epigynum as in +Figs 289–290 +, +304 +; simple oval anterior plate weakly projecting, without processes, with pocket at posterior margin; posterior plate short and wide. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 291 +, +305 +, with pair of bean-shaped pore-plates converging anteriorly. In females from near Curitiba (Serro e Gemido and Fazenda Experimental Gralha Azul), the posterior margin of the epigynal plate is slightly straighter; they are assigned tentatively (tibia +1 in +three females: 9.6, 11.7, 13.5). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large sheltered spaces among rocks and logs, and in hollow logs. At Saint-Hilaire/Lange National Park they shared the microhabitat with + +M. bicuspis + +. When disturbed they started swinging with large amplitude and high frequency but did not run away. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several sites in +Paraná +and +Santa Catarina +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 733 +); western specimens (from near Curitiba) are assigned tentatively. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63FFFCB2A9C981E37E379B5.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63FFFCB2A9C981E37E379B5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9d4133f0ae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C63FFFCB2A9C981E37E379B5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,277 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar amadoi + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 306–314 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 310–311 +; two pairs of frontal apophyses), tip of procursus ( +Figs 308–309 +; distinctive shape of prolateral process), and shape of epigynum ( +Figs 312–313 +; anterior plate with large central whitish depression and pair of apophyses); from most similar known species ( + +M. bonita + +) by apophyses on epigynum (absent in + +M. bonita + +) and by positions and sizes of male cheliceral apophyses (proximal apophyses smaller; distal apophyses in more proximal position). + + + + +FIGURES 306–311. + +Mesabolivar amadoi + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19147). 306–307. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 308–309. Tip of left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 310–311. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (306–307, 310–311), 0.2 (308–309). + + + + +FIGURES 312–314. + +Mesabolivar amadoi + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19148). 312–313. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 314. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3. + + + + +Etymology. +Named for Jorge Amado ( +1912–2001 +), Brazilian writer, author of +Gabriela, Cravo e Canela +. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14319), +14♂ +10♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19147–48), Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita (15°23.3’–23.4’S, 39°33.7’–34.0’W), ~ +750– 850 m +a.s.l., +2–3.x.2011 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +1♂ +9♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br11-161), same data as types. + + + + + +Espírito Santo + +: +3♂ +16♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19149–50), +Reserva Biológica de Sooretama +, ‘site 1’ ( +19°03.3’S +, +40°08.8’W +), ~ + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +6♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-126), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.3, carapace width 1.3. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.55. Leg 1: 38.7 (11.0 + 0.5 + 10.8 + 14.6 + 1.8), tibia 2: 7.6, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 7.3; tibia 1 L/d: 94. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.14, 0.15, 0.22, 0.15. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs light brown, carapace with large dark median mark, clypeus not darker; tips of femora and tibiae lighter yellowish, legs without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown area in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in putative close relatives ( + +M. bonita + +, + +M. pau + +; cf. Huber 2015: figs 12–13); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses ( +Figs 310–311 +), both pointed in lateral view, distal pair rounded in frontal view. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 306–307 +; apparently indistinguishable from + +M. bonita + +(direct comparison with + +M. bonita + +paratype +); even details of procursus tip ( +Figs 308–309 +) apparently identical. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +15 other males: 9.4–11.2 (mean 10.2). + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +25 females +: 5.9–8.5 (mean 7.0). Epigynum as in +Figs 312–313 +; anterior plate with large central whitish depression bordered by posterior ridge and pair of apophyses near posterior margin; simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Fig. 314 +, with pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging anteriorly. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs built in sheltered spaces close to the ground. +Distribution. +Known from two localities in Bahia and Espírito Santo states (Brazil) ( +Fig. 734 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C642FFB22A9C990E364D7DC1.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C642FFB22A9C990E364D7DC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e756aa7655 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C642FFB22A9C990E364D7DC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar mimoso + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 209–214 +, +243–244 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar relatives ( + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +, + +M. madalena + +, + +M. claricae + +, + +M. inmanis + +) by combination of: armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 209–210 +; presence of distinct proximal apophyses, in contrast to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. claricae + +); procursus tip with short prolateral apophysis ( +Fig. 211 +; in contrast to + +M. madalena + +and + +M. inmanis + +); by indistinct epigynal pocket bordered by pair of low humps ( +Figs 213 +, +243 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Espírito Santo + +: +♂ +holotype +, +MNRJ +(14312), +1♂ +1♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19069), Mimoso do Sul, Finca Tacutinga, forest fragment ( +21°01.4’S +, +41°23.4’W +), +240 m +a.s.l., +4.x.2010 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19070), +Paraty +, degraded forest near +Morro do Forte +( +23°11.7’S +, +44°42.8’W +), ~ + +10–30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-34), same data + +. + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +RJ15 +), +Parque Nacional da Restinga de Jurubatiba +[~ +22.18°S +, +41.48°W +], + +iii.2011 + +( +A. Pérez-González +, +G. Cardoso +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.5, carapace width 1.4. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 150 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.65. Leg 1: 50.4 (12.7 + 0.5 + 12.3 + 22.1 + 2.8), tibia 2: 8.8, tibia 3: 5.1, tibia 4: 8.0; tibia 1 L/d: 95. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.16, 0.19, 0.22, 0.17. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-orange with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area; sternum ochre-orange; legs light brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish), without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light orange-brown plate in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. +Figs 148–149 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, one pair proximal, rounded, one pair distal near median line, pointed ( +Figs 209–210 +). + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape and size; procursus prolateral apophysis shorter ( +Figs 211–212 +); bulbal process very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +other male: 12.3 (missing in third male). + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +one female: 9.2 (missing in other females). Epigynum as in +Figs 213 +, +243 +; anterior plate semicircular, with indistinct median pocket (rather a depression without clear margins), and pair of low lateral humps; simple large posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 214 +, +244 +, with pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging anteriorly. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from three localities in +Espírito Santo +and +Rio de Janeiro +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 727 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C643FFBC2A9C9BBB378C7FBE.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C643FFBC2A9C9BBB378C7FBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..25757c84496 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C643FFBC2A9C9BBB378C7FBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,299 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar madalena + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 215–218 +, +223–224 +, +245–246 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most similar known species ( + +M. inmanis + +) by male cheliceral armature (larger proximal apophyses; compare +Figs 215 and 219 +), by evenly curved posterior margin of epigynal plate ( +Figs 223 +, +245 +), by epigynal pocket farther away from posterior epigynal margin, and by internal female genitalia ( +Figs 224 +, +246 +; distinctive V-shaped sclerite; pore-plate outer margins parallel). From other similar relatives ( + +M. mimoso + +, + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +, + +M. claricae + +) by combination of: armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 215–216 +; presence of distinct proximal apophyses, in contrast to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. claricae + +); procursus tip with long prolateral apophysis ( +Figs 217–218 +; in contrast to + +M. mimoso + +); by absence of epigynal processes ( +Figs 223 +, +245 +; in contrast to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. claricae + +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14313), +5♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19071), Santa Maria Madalena, forest fragment (21°58.9–59.1’S, 41°57.2–57.6’W), +480–590 m +a.s.l., +30.ix.– 1.x.2010 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br10-77), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.6, carapace width 1.8. Distance PME-PME 150 µm, diameter PME 190 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 70 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.2/ 0.7. Leg 1: 73.3 (18.0 + 0.8 + 17.7 + 33.1 + 3.7), tibia 2: 12.3, tibia 3: 7.7, tibia 4: 11.3; tibia 1 L/d: 98. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.24, 0.28, 0.28, 0.24. + + +FIGURES 215–222. + +Mesabolivar madalena + + +sp. n. + +(215–218, ZFMK Ar 19071) and + +M. inmanis + + +sp. n. + +(219–222, ZFMK Ar 19072). 215–216, 219–220. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 217–218, 221–222. Tips of left procursi, prolateral and dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (215–216, 219–220, all chelicerae at same scale), 0.3 (217–218, 221–222; all procursi at same scale). + + + +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area, with pair of light marks laterally behind ocular area; sternum orange; legs light brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish), without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown area in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. BODY. Habitus very similar + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. +Figs 148–149 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, one pair proximal, small and rounded, one pair distal near median line, pointed and very thin in frontal view ( +Figs 215–216 +). + + + +FIGURES 223–226. + +Mesabolivar madalena + + +sp. n. + +(223–224, ZFMK Ar 19071) and + +M. inmanis + + +sp. n. + +(225–226, ZFMK Ar 19072). 223, 225. Epigyna, ventral views. 224, 226. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views (arrow points at V-shaped sclerite). Scale lines: 0.5. + + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape but larger (femur length 0.83 vs. +0.67–0.73 in + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +); procursus distal part ( +Figs 217–218 +) and bulbal process very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. inmanis + +. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>45 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 17.3, 19.5, 19.5. Some males with dark brown legs. One male with very thick femora 2, femora 1–4 width (at half length): –, 0.42, 0.32, 0.30. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +four females: 14.0, 14.0, 14.4, 14.7. Epigynum as in +Figs 223 +, +245 +; anterior plate semicircular, without processes, posterior margin strongly but evenly curved, with median pocket not close to posterior margin; simple large posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 224 +, +246 +, with V-shaped sclerite and pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging dorsally, outer margins parallel. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Rio de Janeiro +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 728 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C647FFB32A9C99AC37E37F69.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C647FFB32A9C99AC37E37F69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e66ebcd8c69 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C647FFB32A9C99AC37E37F69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar bico + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 200–208 +, +241–242 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar congeners (other species of the + +togatus + +group) by male cheliceral armature ( +Figs 204–205 +; one pair of long frontal apophyses in proximal position), and by epigynum with pair of processes and distinctive median pocket (very wide, in anterior position; +Figs 206 +, +241 +); from the similar + +M. ceruleiventris +(Mello-Leitão, 1916) + +(male unknown) by epigynal pocket ‘open’ towards anterior epigynal rim (compare +Fig. 206 +and Huber 2000: fig. 826), by shape and position of pore-plates in internal female genitalia (anteriorly wider apart, shorter; compare +Fig. 208 +and Huber 2000: fig. 827), and possibly by smaller size (body length ~3 vs. +4 mm +; tibia 1 <9.0 vs. +9.3 mm +in the +holotype +of + +M. ceruleiventris + +); from other similar species also by wide and short prolateral apophysis on male palpal procursus ( +Figs 202–203 +). + + + + +FIGURES 200–205 +. + +Mesabolivar bico + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19065). 200–201. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 202–203. Tip of left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 204–205. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (200–201, 204–205), 0.3 (202–203). + + + + +FIGURES 206–214. + +Mesabolivar bico + + +sp. n. + +(206–208, ZFMK Ar 19065) and + +M. mimoso + + +sp. n. + +(209–214, ZFMK Ar 19069). 206–207. Epigynum ventral and lateral views. 208. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. 209–210. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 211–212. Tip of left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 213. Epigynum, ventral view. 214. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (206–210, 213–214), 0.3 (211–212). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the beak-shaped (in lateral view) male cheliceral apophyses (Portuguese + +bico + += beak); noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14311), +3♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19065), Parque Nacional do Pau +Brasil +, ‘site 2’ (outside park limits) ( +16°25.7’S +, +39°21.1’W +), ~ +60 m +a.s.l., +1.x.2011 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +2♂ +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-156), same data as types + +. + +5♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19066), Parque Nacional do Pau +Brasil +, ‘site 1’ ( +16°28.2’S +, +39°16.8’W +), ~ + +65 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, +M. Alves Dias +) + +; + +2♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-148), same data + +. + + + + +Espírito Santo + +: +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19067), +Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado +, ‘site 1’ ( +18°22.1’S +, +40°08.3’W +), ~ + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +. + +2♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19068), +Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado +, ‘site 2’ ( +18°21.7’S +, +40°10.0’W +), ~ + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.9, carapace width 1.1. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.55. Leg 1: 51.6 (12.7 + 0.5 + 12.5 + 23.2 + 2.7), tibia 2: 8.3, tibia 3: 5.3, tibia 4: 7.9; tibia 1 L/d: 125. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.12, 0.13, 0.13, 0.12. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with very large brown median mark including ocular area; sternum ochre-orange; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (yellowish), without dark rings; abdomen pale gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark internal marks, ventrally with orange-brown area in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus similar to putative close relatives (e.g., + +M. caipora + +; cf. +Fig. 145 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With one pair of curved frontal apophyses in proximal position ( +Figs 204–205 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 200–201 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, distally strongly widening; tarsus with dorsal conical process; procursus proximally curved, distally with short and wide prolateral apophysis ( +Figs 202–203 +); genital bulb with large tapering process partly sclerotized. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 1.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +ten other males: 10.7–12.9 (mean 11.7). Males from Córrego do Veado with slightly less curved male cheliceral apophyses. + + +Female. +In general similar to male. Tibia +1 in +12 females +: 6.9–8.7 (mean 7.8). Epigynum as in +Figs 206 +, +241 +; anterior plate with pair of processes and very large median pocket in anterior position; posterior plate simple and large. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 208 +, +242 +, with pair of large pore-plates in lateral position, converging dorsally and anteriorly. Females from Córrego do Veado with slightly narrower epigynal pocket, but this is variable even within populations. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in sheltered spaces very close to the ground. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two localities in +Bahia +and +Espírito Santo +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 728 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C647FFB62A9C9EAD36547FD7.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C647FFB62A9C9EAD36547FD7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d559e2ca09 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C647FFB62A9C9EAD36547FD7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,313 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar caipora +Huber, 2015 + + + + + +Figs 145–146 +, +186–187 +, +198–199 + + + + + +Mesabolivar caipora +Huber, 2015: 7 + +–8, figs 10, 52–54 (♂ only; ♀ misidentified, see Note below; Brazil: Bahia). + + +Note. +In the original description of this species, females were explicitly assigned with hesitation, and newly collected larger samples of males and females (see below) show that this assignment was wrong. The identity of the females assigned to + +M. caipora +in Huber (2015) + +remains unclear (see Note under description of + +M. baianus + +). + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amendments; see Huber 2015). Males are easily distinguished from known congeners by unique cheliceral armature (Huber 2015: fig. 54; distinctive oblique processes similar to + +M. togatus + +but without proximal modification). Male palps appear indistinguishable from those of + +M. buraquinho + +. Females differ from most known congeners by round sclerotized depression on anterior epigynal plate ( +Fig 186 +, +198–199 +); they are barely distinguishable from females of + +M. buraquinho + +(compare +Figs 184 and 186 +; median depression apparently consistently slightly larger in + +M. caipora + +). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +IBSP +(166455), +1♂ +paratype +, +ZFMK +(Ar 12619), Mata de São João (12°28.1’– +12°28.3’S +, 38°13.5’– +38°14.7’W +), ~ +110 m +a.s.l., +8.x.2011 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19060), +Mata de São João +, ‘site 1’ ( +12°28.3’S +, +38°14.7’W +), ~ + +110 m +a.s.l. + +, + +8.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, +M. Alves Dias +). + + + + + + + +Sergipe + +: +4♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19061–62), near +Santa Luzia do Itanhy +, +Mata do Crasto +( +11°22.70’S +, +37°25.10’W +), + +20 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-187), same data + +. + +13♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19063–64), +Parque Nacional de Itabaiana +(10°45.8’–46.0’S, +37°20.4’W +), + +170–220 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-189), same data + +. + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2015). Tibia +1 in +16 newly examined males: 10.4–13.3 (mean 11.9). Femora 2 and +3 in +some males much wider than other femora, in others barely wider. In males from +Sergipe +, the cheliceral apophyses are slightly less diverging proximally: distance between apophyses proximally (outer margin) in six males from +Sergipe +: 240–280 µm; in male +paratype +from +Bahia +: 320 µm. + + +Females in general similar to males but all femora same diameter; tibia +1 in +seven females: 7.6–10.3 (mean 8.8). Epigynum anterior plate with dark but shallow median sclerotized depression. Internal genitalia as in +Fig. 187 +, with pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging anteriorly; arc-shaped ‘valve’ projects beyond anterior margin of epigynal plate, in some females visible in ventral view through cuticle. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large (up to +30 cm +diameter) rather flat webs close to the ground, in well sheltered spaces under logs and in hollow trees. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from three localities in northeastern +Bahia +and +Sergipe +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 727 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C649FFBB2A9C984637627F4D.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C649FFBB2A9C984637627F4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6c5c7ec74d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C649FFBB2A9C984637627F4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar claricae + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 233–240 +, +251–252 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 238–239 +; one pair of frontal apophyses near median line), shape of procursus ( +Figs 233–235 +; widely curved, distinctive distal structures, without prolateral apophysis), and shape of epigynum ( +Figs 236–237 +, +251 +; trapezoidal anterior plate with pair of apophyses and median pocket); from the very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +by shorter and wider procursus with different distal elements (compare +Figs 227–229 and 233–235 +), and by smaller epigynum without anterior pair of low humps (compare +Figs 230–232 and 236–237 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named for Clarice Lispector ( +1920–1977 +), Brazilian writer, daughter of Russian-Jewish immigrants, author of +Perto do coração selvagem +. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14315), +6♂ +19♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19082–83), Santa Maria Madalena, forest fragment (21°58.9’–59.1’S, 41°57.2’–57.6’W), +480–590 m +a.s.l., +30.ix.–1.x.2010 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +4♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-78), same data as types + +. + +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19084), +Cachoeiras de Macacu +, +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +(22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W), + +140–280 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09- 101), same data but + +23–24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19085), same data but + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19086), same locality at +22°24.3’S +, +42°44.1’W +, ~ + +300–400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.7, carapace width 1.35. Distance PME-PME 110 µm, diameter PME 150 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 40 µm, diameter AME 45 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.65. Leg 1: 57.6 (13.7 + 0.5 + 13.5 + 26.8 + 3.1), tibia 2: 8.7, tibia 3: 5.5, tibia 4: 8.3; tibia 1 L/d: 104. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.23, 0.23, 0.17. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-orange with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area, with pair of light marks laterally behind ocular area; sternum orange-brown; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter yellowish, without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with orange-brown area in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. +Figs 148–149 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With one pair of frontal apophyses close to median line ( +Figs 238–239 +). + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape but slightly smaller (see Variation below); procursus distal part (after bend) clearly shorter and wider, with different distal elements ( +Figs 233–235 +); bulbal process in general very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +but clearly shorter (length about 0.4 vs. 0.6). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +nine other males: 12.4–14.1 (mean 13.2). Palpal femur length 0.60–0.62 (vs. +0.67– 0.73 in + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +). + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +14 females +: 8.7– 10.3 (mean 9.5). Epigynum as in +Figs 236–237 +, +251 +; anterior plate trapezoidal, with pair of short processes (slightly variable in size even within localities) and median pocket near posterior margin; simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 240 +, +252 +, with V-shaped (or U-shaped) sclerite and pair of large pore-plates in tentshaped lateral position, converging anteriorly. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two localities in +Rio de Janeiro +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 728 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64AFFC42A9C999432B57DC1.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64AFFC42A9C999432B57DC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6229553432 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64AFFC42A9C999432B57DC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,512 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar azureus +(Badcock, 1932) + + + + + +Figs 253–254 +, +261–265 +, +271 +, +292–293 + + + + + + +Blechroscelis azurea +Badcock, 1932: 8 + +, fig. 3 (♂♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Synonymized with + +Blechroscelis cyaneotaeniatus +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) in + +Mello-Leitão 1946 +: 55 + + +. + + + + + +Mesabolivar azureus +: Huber 2000: 227 + +(transferred and removed from synonymy with + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +). + +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 + +. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from very similar + +M. brasiliensis + +by shape of procursus (more evenly curved; tip with distinctive bifid process; +Figs 262 +, +271 +) (females of the two species appear barely distinguishable but + +M. azureus + +females tend to have shorter abdomens); from + +M. kathrinae + +and + +M. pallens + +by thicker procursus tip (compare +Figs 271–273 +); from + +M. kathrinae + +also by presence of epigynal pocket ( +Fig. 264 +); from other congeners by combination of: relatively small pedipalps and epigynum (compared to body size), relatively long leg femora (male femur 1/ tibia 1: 1.3), thickened male femora 2 (in most males except smallest); and pale greenish coloration (in life; in ethanol pale ochre-yellow and greenish-gray). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +1♂ +lectotype +(designated herein), +BMNH +(1932.9.2.2), +1♀ +paralectotype +, +BMNH +(1932.9.2.3), “Corcavada” [Corcovado, +22.95°S +, +43.21°W +], +3.viii.1926 +(G.S. Carter, L.C. Beadle), examined. + + +Note. +A +lectotype +is chosen because the two +syntypes +are not conspecific. In agreement with + +ICZN +(1999) + +, Recommendation 74B, the male is chosen because the only illustration in the original description is of the male palp. + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +5♂ +11♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19087), +Cachoeiras de Macacu +, +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +( +22°24.3’S +, +42°44.1’W +), ~ + +300–400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.ix.2009 + +(B.A. Huber, A. Giupponi) + +; + +1♂ +3♀ +, same locality at 22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W, + +140–300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-105), same locality at 22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W, + +140–280 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23– 24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. 1♂, USNM, near Petrópolis, Independência [22.551°S, 43.212°W], +5.v.1932 +(D.M. Cochran). + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19088), +Paraty +, degraded forest near +Morro do Forte +( +23°11.7’S +, +44°42.8’W +), ~ + +10–30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-33), same data + +. + +2♂ +7♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19089–91), ~ +4 km +NW +Penedo +( +22°24.5’S +, 44°33.0’–33.4’W), forest along river, + +700–770 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14– 16.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +). + + + + +FIGURES 253–260. +Live specimens, + +Mesabolivar kathrinae + +group and + +M. cyaneotaeniatus + +group. 253–254. + +M. azureus +(Badcock, 1932) + +, males from Penedo. 255–256. + +M. kathrinae +Huber, 2015 + +, male and female from Murici. 257–258. + +M. cyaneotaeniatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, male and female from St. Hilaire/Lange. 259–260. + +M. kaingang + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from St. Hilaire/Lange. + + + + +FIGURES 261–265. + +Mesabolivar azureus +(Badcock, 1932) + +(ZFMK Ar 19087). 261–262. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 263. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 264. Epigynum, ventral view. 265. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3. + + + + + +Bahia + +: +3♂ +4♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19092), +Reserva Biológica de Una +, ‘site 1’ ( +15°11.0’S +, +39°04.7’W +), ~ + +70–100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, +M. Alves Dias +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-178), +Reserva Biológica de Una +(15°10’–11’S, 39°03’–04’W), ~ + +50–100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, A. Pérez- +González, M. +Alves Dias). + + + + + +Description +. +Male +(ZFMK Ar 19087) + + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.0, carapace width 1.05. Distance PME-PME 100 µm, diameter PME 70 µm, distance PME-ALE 60 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.7/ 0.5. Leg 1: 48.0 (13.3 + 0.5 + 10.4 + 21.3 + 2.5), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 5.3, tibia 4: 6.8; tibia 1 L/d: 80. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.16, 0.23 ( +0.25 in +distal third), 0.14, 0.14. + + +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma ochre-yellow, carapace with dark median line; legs ochre-yellow to light brown, femora and tibiae with whitish tips ( +Fig. 253 +); abdomen monochromous greenish-gray (in life greenish with darker internal marks dorsally and laterally). + + +BODY. Habitus as +Figs 253–254 +; ocular area weakly raised; carapace with distinct but shallow median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of apophyses distally close to laminae (weakly protruding; not visible in lateral view) and pair of indistinct light processes proximally ( +Fig. 263 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 261–262 +; coxa very large relative to palp size (i.e. palps very small relative to body size; +Fig. 254 +), with strong retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with rounded retrolateral apophysis proximally and rounded ventral protrusion distally; procursus strongly curved, with distinctive widened tip with bifid, apparently hinged process ( +Fig. 271 +); bulbal process distally with slightly sclerotized pointed process. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~50 indistinct pseudosegments. + +Male +(variation). Males from Penedo with barely visible proximal cheliceral processes and minimally less widened procursus tip; males from +Bahia +with slightly thicker procursus tip. Tibia +1 in +12 other males: 8.1–10.7 (mean 9.9). Males from Paraty with shortest legs (tibia 1: 8.1, 8.7) and with femora 2 barely wider than other femora. Some males with dark mark in gonopore area. + + +Female +. In general similar to male but femora 2 not thicker than other femora. Tibia +1 in +22 females +: 6.9–8.4 (mean 7.4). Anterior epigynal plate as in +Figs 264 +, +292 +, small, weakly sclerotized, barely protruding, with median pocket close to posterior margin, internal membranous ‘valve’ clearly visible through cuticle in most females; posterior plate indistinct, in some females barely visible. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 265 +, +293 +, with large oval pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs freely suspended among the vegetation, usually about +1–2 m +above the ground. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in +Rio de Janeiro +state and from one locality in southern +Bahia +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 730 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64DFFBF2A9C986131827F81.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64DFFBF2A9C986131827F81.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18aa3beed97 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64DFFBF2A9C986131827F81.xml @@ -0,0 +1,289 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar inmanis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 147 +, +219–222 +, +225–226 +, +247–248 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most similar known species ( + +M. madalena + +) by male cheliceral armature (smaller proximal apophyses; compare +Figs 215 and 219 +), by distinctive shape of posterior margin of epigynal plate ( +Figs 225 +, +247 +), by epigynal pocket close to posterior epigynal margin, and by internal female genitalia ( +Figs 226 +, +248 +; without V-shaped sclerite; pore-plate outer margins diverging anteriorly). From other similar relatives ( + +M. mimoso + +, + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +, + +M. claricae + +) by combination of: armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 219–220 +; presence of distinct proximal apophyses, in contrast to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. claricae + +); procursus tip with long prolateral apophysis ( +Figs 221–222 +; in contrast to + +M. mimoso + +); by absence of epigynal processes ( +Figs 225 +, +247 +; in contrast to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. claricae + +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the large size of this species (Latin + +inmanis + += large, frightful); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Espírito Santo + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14314), +6♂ +12♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19072), Vargem Alta, Fazenda Monte Verde (20°27.6–28.2’S, 40°59.5’– +41°00.2’W +), +1000–1200 m +a.s.l., +2– 3.x.2010 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br10-82), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 6.0, carapace width 2.2. Distance PME-PME 150 µm, diameter PME 200 µm, distance PME-ALE 170 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 70 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.6/ 1.2. Leg 1: 83.2 (19.5 + 0.9 + 20.0 + 37.7 + 5.1), tibia 2: 14.4, tibia 3: 9.3, tibia 4: 13.7; tibia 1 L/d: 98. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.28, 0.35, 0.32, 0.30. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area; sternum ochre to light brown; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish), without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown area in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 147 +, very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. +Figs 148–149 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, proximal pair very small and rounded, distal pair near median line, pointed and very thin in frontal view ( +Figs 219–220 +). + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape but larger (femur length 0.77 vs. +0.67–0.73 in + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +); procursus distal part ( +Figs 221–222 +) and bulbal process very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +and + +M. madalena +. + + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>50 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +five other males: 16.9–17.6 (mean 17.4). Some males with lighter brown legs. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +12 females +: 13.2– 16.4 (mean 14.3). Epigynum as in +Figs 225 +, +247 +; anterior plate semicircular, without processes, with distinctive shape of posterior margin (with pair of projections), median pocket close to posterior margin; simple large posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 226 +, +248 +, without V-shaped sclerite, pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging dorsally, outer margins diverging anteriorly. + + +Natural history. +Most specimens were found in a cave, among rocks and on the cave roof. Outside the cave they built their webs in sheltered spaces under large rocks. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Espírito Santo +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 727 +). + + +Note +. Astrin +et al. +(2006) sequenced CO1 of a female specimen from Parque Estadual de Cantareira ( +23.417°S +, +46.617°W +), named “sp. 7” (ZFMK, Br03/100-14b). The epigynum of this specimen closely resembles the present species ( +Fig. 249 +). However, considering the large geographic distance ( +670 km +) and the absence of further specimens from intermediate localities, this female is here not assigned to the present species but interpreted as representing a different, undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64EFFBE2A9C9866319D7E46.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64EFFBE2A9C9866319D7E46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f5169220c3c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C64EFFBE2A9C9866319D7E46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,457 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar cyaneomaculatus +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + + + + + +Figs 148–149 +, +227–232 +, +250 + + + + + + +Pholcus +cyaneo-maculatus + + +Keyserling, 1891 +: 173 + +, pl. 5, figs 119 a–d (♂♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). + + + + + +Blechroscelis +cyaneo-maculatus/-a + +: + +Moenkhaus 1898 +: 100 + +–101. Mello-Leitão 1918: 107–108, figs 22–23. (Both authors just translated Keyserling’s original description, Mello-Leitão also copied Keyserling’s figures; both without adding new data). + + + + + + + +Psilochorus cyaneomaculatus +: + +Mello-Leitão 1947c +: 2 + + +(Brazil: Minas Gerais). + + + + +Mesabolivar cyaneomaculatus +: Huber 2000: 210 + +, figs 811–819 (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Machado 2007: 81 (Brazil: Minas Gerais, São Paulo). +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo). + + +Probable and certain misidentifications +(see Notes below) + + + + +Psilochorus cyaneomaculatus +: + +Mello-Leitão 1943 +: 155 + + +(Brazil: Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Sul). + +Blechroscelis +cyaneo-maculatus + +: + +Mello-Leitão 1947b +: 233 + +(Brazil: Paraná). + +Mesabolivar cyaneomaculatus +: Huber 2015: 57 + +(Brazil: Espírito Santo). + + + +Notes. +I have not seen Mello-Leitão’s (1943, 1947b) specimens from Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, and Pernambuco, but consider these records dubious. Extensive recent collections along the entire Brazilian Atlantic Forest from Rio Grande do Sul to Rio Grande do Norte do not include + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +outside Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo states. In particular, Rio Grande do Sul and Pernambuco are far from the confirmed range of this species. The Paraná records might be valid but need confirmation. The Minas Gerais record in +Mello-Leitão (1947c) +receives some support from Machado’s (2007) record from this state. Finally, my own previous record from Espírito Santo (Huber 2015) is based on two females (ZFMK, Ar 19073, Br10-83) that are very similar to + +M. cyaneomaculatus + +but have lower epigynal processes in a more anterior position; they probably represent a different, undescribed species. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (Huber 2000: fig. 812; one pair of frontal apophyses near median line), shape of procursus (Huber 2000: figs 813–816, +Figs 227–229 +; widely curved, distinctive distal structures), and shape of epigynum (Huber 2000: figs 817–818, +Figs 230–232 +; trapezoidal anterior plate with pair of apophyses and median pocket); from the very similar + +M. claricae + +by longer and more slender procursus with different distal elements (compare +Figs 227–229 and 233–235 +), and by larger epigynum (width>0.9, vs. < +0.8 in + +M. claricae + +) with anterior pair of low humps (compare +Figs 230–232 and 236– 237 +). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +1♂ +1♀ +syntypes +, +BMNH +(1890.7.1.8325–7), +Rio de Janeiro +City(?), no further locality data, leg. E.A. Göldi, examined (Huber 2000). + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +6♂ +3♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19074–77), ~ +4 km +NW +Penedo +( +22°24.5’S +, 44°33.0’–33.4’W), forest along river, + +700–770 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14–16.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-6, +Br +07/100-43), same data + +. + +4♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19078), +Cachoeira da Pedra Branca +near +Paraty +( +23°11.8’S +, +44°46.0’W +), forest near river, ~ + +230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-107), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25–26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(G007), +Itatiaia +[ +22.45°S +, +44.59°W +], + +8–15.vi.2001 + +( +H. Japyassú +). + + + + + + + +São Paulo + +: +3♂ +4♀ +3 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19079), +Paranapiacaba +, +Estação Biológica do Alto da Serra +( +23°46.7’S +, +46°18.6’W +) + +14–15.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +03/100-21), same data + +. + +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19080), Ubatuba, Fazenda Angelim ( +22°36.9’S +, +52°17.9’W +), + +16–18.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19081), +São Paulo +, +Parque Estadual de Cantareira +( +23.417°S +, +46.617°W +), + +20.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +03/100-14a), same data + +. + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +nine newly examined males: 13.1–17.7 (mean 15.6); in 11 newly examined females: 10.4–13.7 (mean 12.2). Male tibia 2/tibia 4 length (N=2): 1.05, 1.08. Femora 2 and +3 in +some males much wider than other femora, in others barely wider. Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Epigynal processes slightly variable (in lateral view; +Figs 231–232 +). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large sheltered spaces among rocks and logs, also under bridges. They built rather flat webs that seemed to have no or a very limited tangle of lines above the sheet. During the day, the spiders sat on the rock or log; when disturbed, they ran into the web and started swinging with large amplitude and high frequency. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in the Brazilian states of +São Paulo +, +Rio de Janeiro +, and +Minas Gerais +, possibly ranging into +Paraná +state ( +Fig. 729 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C652FFAF2A9C9F8C30557DA4.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C652FFAF2A9C9F8C30557DA4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17c5c3aafea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C652FFAF2A9C9F8C30557DA4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1130 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar togatus +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + + + + + +Figs 138–139 +, +150–152 +, +156–159 +, +188–190 + + + + + + +Pholcus togatus + +Keyserling, 1891 +: 172 + + +, pl. 5, figs 118, 118a–c (♂, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). + + + + + +Coryssocnemis togatus +/-a + +: + +Moenkhaus 1898 +: 95 + +. Mello-Leitão 1918: 103. (Both authors just translated Keyserling’s original description; Mello-Leitão added poorly specified records; see Notes below). + + + + + +Pholcus coeruleus + +Keyserling, 1891 +: 171 + + +, pl. 5, figs 116, 116a (♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Synonymized in Huber 2000: 219. + + + + + +Blechroscelis coruleus +/ + + +coerulea +: + +Moenkhaus 1898 +: 101 + + +. Mello-Leitão 1918: 108. (Both authors just translated Keyserling’s original description). + + + + +Psilochorus fluminensis +Mello-Leitão, 1918: 98 + +–99, figs 10–11 (♂♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Transferred to + +Mesabolivar +in Huber 2000: 191 + +. First synonymized in Machado 2007: 84 (not formally published). +New synonymy +(see Notes below). + + + + +Blechroscelis aurantia + +Mello-Leitão, 1940c +: 210 + + +(♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Transferred to + +Mesabolivar +in Huber 2000: 191 + +. First synonymized in Machado 2007: 84 (not formally published). +New synonymy +(see Notes below). + + + + +Mesabolivar togatus +: Huber 2000: 219 + +–222, figs 851–863 (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Machado 2007: 85 (Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, São Paulo). +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 (Rio de Janeiro). + + +Possible and probable misidentifications + + + +Blechroscelis coerulea +/-us + +: +Mello-Leitão 1940a +: 21 (Brazil: Pará). +Mello-Leitão 1947b +: 233 (Brazil: Paraná). See Notes below. + +Mesabolivar togatus +: Machado 2007: 85 + +(Brazil: Bahia, Sergipe) (see + +M. baianus + +below). Astrin +et al. +2006: 444 (specimens from Taiobeiras only; see + +M. baianus + +below). + + +Notes. +I have not seen Mello-Leitão’s (1918) specimens from +Rio de Janeiro +and +São Paulo +. His records may be correct but no locality data beyond states are given. On the other hand, his later records from +Pará +and +Paraná +( +Mello-Leitão 1940a +, +1947b +) are here considered dubious. Extensive recent collections from along the entire Brazilian Atlantic Forest from +Rio Grande do Sul +to +Rio Grande do Norte +as well as from +Pará +do not include + +M. togatus + +south of +São Paulo +state and north of +Espírito Santo +state. +Pará +in particular is far from the confirmed range of this species. The +Paraná +records might be valid but need confirmation. The specimens from +Bahia +and +Sergipe +listed in Machado (2007) were not checked but are likely to represent the similar new species + +M. baianus + +rather than + +M. togatus + +( +Fig. 726 +). + + + + +The synonymy of + +Psilochorus fluminensis +Mello-Leitão, 1918 + +(from Rio de Janeiro, Pinheiro, 22.52°S, 44.00°W) with + +Mesabolivar togatus + +was first suggested by Machado (2007), based on the apophyses of the male chelicerae. The types are apparently lost ( + +Silva Moreira +et al. +2010 + +) but the distribution data of + +M. togatus + +and its most similar congeners ( +Figs 726, 727 +) further support this synonymy. + + +The situation is more complicated with + +M. aurantius +(Mello-Leitão, 1940) + +, originating from +Rio de Janeiro +, Goytacazes [ +21.83°S +, +41.27°W +]. In a previous revision I reported on a vial in MNRJ with the correct collection number 58250 (Huber 2000: 191); it contained a penultimate female. Later, Machado (2007) reported on a vial with the same collection number, containing an adult female that he found to be identical to + +M. togatus + +. Even though Mello-Leitão described a very different epigynum (“muito alto, bicorne” = “very high, with two horns”), Machado (2007) considered this discrepancy to be overruled by the Code ( +ICZN 1999, Art. 61 +). In 2010, the female +holotype +was considered lost ( + +Silva Moreira +et al. +2010 + +). The identity of the +holotype +appears unsolvable, so I adopt Machado’s (2007) decision here as I did previously (Huber 2015). + + +Finally, + +M. nigridentis +(Mello-Leitão, 1922) + +from Maranhão, Pindaré (3.664°S, 45.425°W), was also synonymized with + +M. togatus +in Machado (2007) + +, based on Mello-Leitão’s description of the male chelicerae (the types are apparently lost; + +Silva Moreira +et al. +2010 + +). However, the oblique pair of apophyses is not a character unique to + +M. togatus + +, and distribution data of + +M. togatus + +and its most similar congeners ( +Figs 726, 727 +) strongly argue against this synonymy. Thus, + +M. nigridentis + +is here considered a valid species. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (Huber 2000; fig. 860; +Figs 150–152 +; two pairs of frontal apophyses, one oblique pair distally and one strongly projecting pair proximally), by shape of procursus (Huber 2000: figs 856–857, +Figs 158–159 +; widely curved, distal prolateral process and membranous structures), and shape of epigynum (Huber 2000: figs 862–863, +Figs 156–157 +; oval anterior plate with posterior margin divided into three lobes by whitish membrane); from the very similar + +M. baianus + +by details of distal cheliceral apophyses (larger angle between outer margins in frontal view; barely visible in lateral view; compare +Figs 150–155 +), and by shapes of lobes on anterior epigynal plate (median lobe wider; lateral lobes narrower; compare +Figs 156, 157 and 162, 164 +). + + + + + + +Type +material. + + +Pholcus togatus +Keyserling, 1891 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +2♂ +syntypes +, +BMNH +(1890.7.1.8328), +Fazenda Sergio Potta de Castro +[ +Miracema +, +21.413°S +, +42.196°W +?], leg. +E.A. Göldi +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + + + + +Pholcus coeruleus +Keyserling, 1891 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +♀ +holotype +, +BMNH +, no further locality data, leg. +E.A. Göldi +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + +Psilochorus fluminensis +Mello-Leitão, 1918 + +: BRAZIL: +Rio de Janeiro +: Unspecified number of ♂ and ♀ syntypes, apparently lost (see Notes above), Pinheiro [= Pinheiral according to + +Silva Moreira +et al. +2010 + +; 22.52°S, 44.00°W], no further data. + + + + + + +Blechroscelis aurantia +Mello-Leitão, 1940 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +♀ +holotype +, apparently lost (see Notes above), Goytacazes [ +21.83°S +, +41.27°W +], + +1936–1937 + +( +M. Rosa +). + + + + +FIGURES 138–149. +Live specimens, + +Mesabolivar togatus + +group. 138–139. + +M. togatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, males from Sooretama (with +Arachnocoris +bug; arrow) and Santa Maria Madalena. 140. + +M. baianus + + +sp. n. + +, male from Serra Bonita. 141– 142. + +M. similis + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Morro de Pedra. 143–144. + +M. buraquinho + + +sp. n. + +, male from Bonito, female from Mata do Buraquinho. 145–146. + +M. caipora +Huber, 2015 + +, male and female from Serra da Itabaiana. 147. + +M. inmanis + + +sp. n. + +, male from Vargem Alta. 148–149. + +M. cyaneomaculatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, males from Penedo. + + + + +FIGURES 150–155. +Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 150–152. + +Mesabolivar togatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, males from Guapiaçú (150–151; ZFMK Ar 19017) and Rio das Pedras (152; ZFMK Ar 19021). 153–155. + +M. baianus + + +sp. n. + +, males from Una (153–154; ZFMK Ar 19031) and Serra Bonita (155; ZFMK Ar 19038). Arrows point at distal cheliceral ledges. Scale line: 0.5 (all at same scale). + + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +18♂ +6♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19014), +Cachoeiras de Macacu +, +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +(22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W), + +140–280 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.ix.2009 + +(B.A. Huber, A. Giupponi) + +; + +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19015–16), same data but + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-97), same data but + +23–24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +7♂ +11♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19017), same locality at +22°24.3’S +, +42°44.1’W +, ~ + +300–400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19018), +Cachoeiras de Macacu +, forest fragment near +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +(~ +22°24’S +, +42°44’W +), ~ + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +8♂ +19♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19019–20), +Santa Maria Madalena +, forest fragment (21°58.9–59.1’S, 41°57.2– 57.6’W), + +480–590 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.ix.–1.x.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +. + +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19021), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, day, + +26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19022), same data but + +26.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +, +A. Kury +) + +; + +2♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-111), same data but + +25–26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +2♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19023), +Paraty +, degraded forest near +Morro do Forte +( +23°11.7’S +, +44°42.8’W +), ~ + +10–30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-30), same data + +; + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19024), ~ +3.5 km +NW +Paraty +( +23°11.5’S +, +44°43.9’W +), degraded forest, ~ + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +21.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-16), same data + +. + +3♀ +in pure ethanol +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-28), +Cachoeira da Pedra Branca +near +Paraty +( +23°11.8’S +, +44°46.0’W +), forest near river, ~ + +230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +). + + + + +FIGURES 156–164. + +Mesabolivar togatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +(156–159), and + +M. baianus + + +sp. n. + +(160–164). 156–157, 162, 164. Epigyna, ventral views, females from Guapiaçú (156; ZFMK Ar 19017), Sooretama (157; ZFMK Ar 19029), Una (162; ZFMK Ar 19031), and Serra Bonita (164; ZFMK Ar 19038). 158–161. Tips of left procursi, prolateral and retrolateral views (ZFMK Ar 19017 and 19031) (arrows point at slightly differing membranous dorsal flaps). 163. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (ZFMK Ar 19031). Scale lines: 0.5 (156–157, 162–164; all epigyna at same scale); 0.3 (158–161; all procursi at same scale). + + + + + +Espírito Santo + +: +13♂ +6♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19025), +Mimoso do Sul +, +Finca Tacutinga +, forest fragment ( +21°01.4’S +, +41°23.4’W +), + +240 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.x.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10- 92), same data + +. + + + + +São Paulo + +: +10♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19026), + +São Paulo, Jardim + +Zoológico de +São Paulo + + +( +23.65°S +, +46.62°W +), + +13.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +5♂ +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +03/100-29), same data + +. + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Espírito Santo + +: +3♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19027), +Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado +, ‘site 1’ ( +18°22.1’S +, +40°08.3’W +), ~ + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19028), same data but ‘site 2’ ( +18°21.7’S +, +40°10.0’W +), ~ + +90 m + +a.s.l + +. + +10♂ +15♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19029), +Reserva Biológica de Sooretama +, ‘site 1’ ( +19°03.3’S +, +40°08.8’W +), ~ + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, A. Pérez- +González +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +5 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-128), same data + +; + +4♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19030), same data but ‘site 2’ ( +19°00.7’S +, +40°06.5’W +), ~ + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.ix.2011 + +. + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +72 newly examined males: 11.6–18.0 (mean 15.6); in 79 newly examined females: 9.1–14.7 (mean 11.7). Femora 2 and +3 in +most males much wider than other femora, in some barely wider (e.g.: male 1: tibia 1 16.7, femora 1–4 diameters 0.24, 0.39, 0.35, 0.24; male 2: tibia 1 17.9, femora 1–4 diameters 0.22, 0.25, 0.31, 0.22; male 3: tibia 1 13.5, femora 1–4 diameters 0.19, 0.20, 0.20, 0.19). Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Slight variation in male chelicerae: distal apophyses sometimes proximally slightly wider ( +São Paulo +, male from forest fragment near Guapiaçú); proximal apophyses proximally sometimes thicker (Paraty, Rio das Pedras, Sooretama, Corrego do Veado; +Fig. 152 +). Procursus tip varies slightly and may be indistinguishable from that of + +M. baianus + +, but membranous dorsal flap appears to be consistently indistinct (arrow in +Fig. 158 +). Epigynal median flap consistently wide, but slightly rounder in specimens from northern +Espírito Santo +(Córrego do Veado, Sooretama; +Figs 157 +, +190 +). Lateral lobes in these specimens also slightly different (wider than usual); therefore, specimens from these two localities are assigned tentatively. + + +Natural history. +This was often the seemingly most abundant pholcid species. In a quantitative survey at Pedra Branca State Park, +Rio de Janeiro +, + +M. togatus + +was the second most abundant spider species, outnumbered only by another pholcid species, + +Carapoia lutea +(Castanheira +et al. +2016) + +. The spiders were collected from large webs (up to +60 cm +diameter) among tree buttresses, rocks, logs, and in cavities of road cuts, usually up to +50 cm +above the ground. There seemed to be no or a very limited tangle of lines above the sheet. During the day, the spiders were found resting on the rock/tree/soil surface, not in the dome. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in the Brazilian states +São Paulo +, +Rio de Janeiro +, and +Espírito Santo +( +Fig. 726 +). For dubious records from other states, see Notes above. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C655FFA62A9C9A5830FA78CD.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C655FFA62A9C9A5830FA78CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..72b7388b1cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C655FFA62A9C9A5830FA78CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,831 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar eberhardi +Huber, 2000 + + + + + +Figs 85–87 + + + + + +Mesabolivar eberhardi +Huber, 2000: 198 + +, figs 184, 194, 769–781 ( +♂ +♀ +). + + + +Blechroscelis acuoso +González-Sponga, 2011a: 24 + +, pl. 1, figs 1–9 (♂♀, Venezuela); synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + +Blechroscelis araguanus +González-Sponga, 2011a: 24 + +, pl. 2, figs 1–9 ( +♂ +, +Venezuela +); synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + +Blechroscelis blechroscelis +González-Sponga, 2011a: 25 + +, pl. 3, figs 1–9 (♂♀, Venezuela); synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + +Blechroscelis copeyensis +González-Sponga, 2011a: 26 + +, pl. 4, figs 1–9 (♂♀, Venezuela); synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + +Blechroscelis cordillerano +González-Sponga, 2011a: 26 + +, pl. 5, figs 1–9 (♂♀, Venezuela); synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + +Blechroscelis andinensis +González-Sponga, 2011a: 27 + +, pl. 6, figs 1–9 (♂♀, Venezuela); synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + + + +Type +material. + + +Mesabolivar eberhardi +Huber, 2000 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Monagas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +2♂ +6♀ +paratypes +, +AMNH +, Caripe, Cueva del Guacharo [ +10.17°N +, +63.55°W +], +20–21.viii.1987 +(S. & J. Peck). + + + +Blechroscelis acuoso +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +♂ +holotype +, +2♂ +10♀ +paratypes +, +MIZA +( +MAGS +1317), Municipio Caroní, Parque “La Llovizna” [ +8°18.5’N +, +62°40.5’W +, +50 m +a.s.l.], +10.x.1991 +(M. García de González, A.R. Delgado de González, M.A. González Sponga), not examined. + + + + + + +Blechroscelis araguanus +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Aragua + +: +♂ +holotype +, +MIZA +( +MAGS 1055 +), +Municipio Santos Michelena +, +La Montañita +, carretera +Tejerías-Tiara +( +10°08’N +, +67°09.33’W +, + +1200 m +a.s.l. + +), + +18.iv.1990 + +( + +A.R. +Delgado de González + +, +M.A. González Sponga +), not examined. + + + + +Blechroscelis blechroscelis +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♂ +7♀ +paratypes +, MIZA (MAGS 1180), Municipio Raúl Leoni, Cerro Gauquinima (5° +45.5°N +, +63°34’W +, +650 m +a.s.l.; coordinates in original publication wrong), +5.ii.1990 +(E. Toro, L. Jaspe), not examined. + + + +Blechroscelis copeyensis +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Nueva Esparta + +: +♂ +holotype +, +3♀ +paratypes +, MIZA (MAGS 1394), Municipio Marcano, Parque Nacional Cerro Copey ( +11°02’N +, +63°53.46’W +, +100 m +a.s.l.), +26.ii.1994 +(M. García de González), not examined. + + + +Blechroscelis cordillerano +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Mérida + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, MIZA (MAGS 660), Municipio Campo Elías, carretera Mérida-Jají ( +8°34.3’N +, +71°20.43’W +, +1800 m +a.s.l.), +30.viii.1981 +(A.R. Delgado de González, J.A. González D., M.A. González Sponga), not examined. + + + +Blechroscelis andinensis +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: +VENEZUELA +: + +Trujillo + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, MIZA (MAGS 1294), Municipio Boconó, carretera Boconó-Niquitao ( +9°06.73’N +, +70°23.87’W +, +2000 m +a.s.l.), +18.ii.1991 +(A.R. Delgado de González, M.A. González Sponga), not examined. + + +New records. +VENEZUELA +: + +Monagas + +: +2♂ +2♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 18995), forest with coffee near Cueva del Guacharo ( +10°10’N +, +63°33’W +), ~ +1050–1100 m +a.s.l., +1.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). +1♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 18996), path from Cueva del Guacharo to +Salto +la Palia ( +10°10.5’N +, +63°33.5’W +), ~ +1100 m +a.s.l., +30.xi.2002 +(B.A. Huber). +1♂ +2♀ +1 juv. +, ZFMK (Ar 18997), Cueva del Guacharo ( +10°10’N +, +63°33’W +), ~ +1060 m +a.s.l., first +150 m +of cave, +30.xi.2002 +(B.A. Huber); +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven02/100-21), same data. + + + +Bolívar + +: +3♂ +2♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 18998), Canaima, near +Salto +Ara ( +6°14.5’N +, +62°51’W +), ~ +400 m +a.s.l., near ground, +5.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber); +3♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Ven02/100-35), same data. +1♂ +2♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 18999), forest near +Salto +El Sapo at Canaima ( +6°14.5’N +, +62°51’W +), ~ +400 m +a.s.l., near ground, +8.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). + + + + +Lara + +: +9♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19000), +Parque Nacional Yacambú +, +Sendero Ecológico +( +9°42.5’N +, +69°35’W +), ~ + +1550 m +a.s.l. + +, near buildings and along road, + +15–16.xii.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, +O. Villarreal +, +B. Striffler +, +A. Giupponi +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Ven +02/100-62), same data + +. + + + + +Sucre + +: +4♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19001), +Cascada el Chorro +( +10°23.5’N +, +63°38’W +), ~ + +160 m +a.s.l. + +, near ground at river, + +30.xi.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +2♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Ven +02/100-49), same data + +. + + + + +Aragua + +: +9♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19002), Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Rancho Grande ( +10°21’N +, +67°41’W +), ~ + +1150 m +a.s.l. + +, in building, + +12.xii.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. 3♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 19003), Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, forest near Rancho Grande (10°21’N, 67°41’W), ~ +1150 m +a.s.l., near ground, +12.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). 2♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 19004), Parque Nacional Henri Pittier at 10°21.5’N, 67°43’W, ~ +730 m +a.s.l., +11.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19005), +Parque Nacional Henri Pittier +at +10°21’N +, +67°41.5’W +, ~ + +1000 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11.xii.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19006), +Parque Nacional Henri Pittier +near +Hacienda la Trilla +( +10°23’N +, +67°44.5’W +), ~ + +130 m +a.s.l. + +, near ground, + +12.xii.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +). + + + +Capital +: 7♂ 4♀, ZFMK (Ar 19007–08), Parque Nacional El Ávila (10°31’N, 66°51’W), ~ +1000–1300 m +a.s.l., +25.xi.2002 +(B.A. Huber). + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Ven +02/100-5), same data + +. + + + +COLOMBIA +: + +Santander + +: +1♂ +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +USNM +, Jardin Botanico del Pacifico, Piedecuesta, Mesa de los Santos ( +6.942°N +, +73.036°W +), + +19–20.i.2014 + +(Team CarBio). + + + + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19009), +Belém +, +Parque Estadual do Utinga +, ‘site 1’ ( +1.424°S +, +48.429°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +6.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-227a), same data but + +5.x.2016 + + +. + +13♂ +8♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19010), +Belém +, +Parque Estadual do Utinga +, ‘site 2’ ( +1.433°S +, +48.410°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +6.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-231a), same data. + + + + + +Rondônia + +: +2♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19011), +Floresta Nacional do Jamari +, +Gran Piedra +( +9.198°S +, +63.082°W +), + +160 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-302), same data + +. + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +57 newly examined males: 8.9–15.1 (mean 12.1); in +44 females +: 6.4–10.8 (mean 8.7). Procursus with distinctive retrolateral pocket subdistally. The “prolateral subterminal spine” of the bulbal process mentioned in Huber (2000: 200) is in fact retrolateral and very indistinct (less distinct than shown in Huber 2000: fig. 775). Diameters of femora 1–4 (at half length) in medium-size male: 0.25, 0.26, 0.33, 0.24. Most females with distinct transversal ridges at anterior end of epigynal groove, and one or more irregular pockets between ridges. + +As mentioned earlier (Huber 2000: 201), the tip of the procursus (shape of the two distal processes) varies slightly among localities; variation also occurs in the relative size of the genital bulb (the globular part) and details of the epigynum (distinctness and number of anterior transversal ridges and pocket(s) between ridges). + +Natural history. +The spiders were mostly found in large sheltered spaces among tree buttresses or rocks, under logs and in cavities of the ground, but they also occupied the twilight zone of caves (e.g., Cueva del Guacharo; in crevices and cavities in the first +150 m +from the entrance), abandoned buildings (e.g., Rancho Grande; in corners, together with + +Priscula venezuelana +Simon + +), or road cuts (e.g., Yacambú). At Jamari (Gran Piedra), the spiders were sitting extremely well camouflaged on an overhanging rock surface from which the slightly domed webs extended towards another rock about +30–50 cm +away. For further data on web structure, malefemale cohabitation, and chivalrous behavior, see Eberhard & Briceño (1983, 1985). + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in northern South America ( +Fig. 724 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C657FFA02A9C9EAD37D07999.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C657FFA02A9C9EAD37D07999.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba882982fb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C657FFA02A9C9EAD37D07999.xml @@ -0,0 +1,297 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar anseriformis +(González-Sponga, 2011) + + + + + +Figs 88–89 +, +122–127 +, +135–137 + + + + + +Mesabolivar + +sp. 4: Astrin +et al. +2006: 444 (CO1 sequences). + + + + + +Caruaya anseriformis +González-Sponga, 2011b: 41 + +, pl. 2, figs 1–7 ( +♂ +, +Venezuela +). + +Mesabolivar anseriformis +: Huber +et al. +2014a: 418 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by male pedipalp ( +Figs 122–123 +; long and widely curved procursus with hinged tip, complex bulbal process with retrolateral apophysis), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Fig. 124 +; pair of apophyses overhanging fangs), and by epigynum ( +Figs 125–126 +, +135–136 +; strongly protruding anterior plate with pair of shallow pockets on scape-like posterior process). + + + + + +Type +material. + +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♂ +paratype +, +MIZA +( +MAGS +938), Municipio Gran Sabana, +Salto +Caruay ( +5°12.2’N +, +62°23.2’W +), +1000 m +a.s.l., +30.iv.1986 +(S. Callizo), not examined (but see Notes below). + + +Material examined. +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +8♂ +2♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +(Ar 19012), km 109 from El Dorado to + +Santa Elena + +de Uairen ( +6.013°N +, +61.391°W +), ~ +800 m +a.s.l., domed webs from ground to ~ +2 m +, +3.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber); +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Ven02/100-52), same data. +2♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Ven02/100-17), km 118 from El Dorado to + +Santa Elena + +de Uairen ( +5.965°N +, +61.392°W +), ~ +1250 m +a.s.l., +3.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19013), km 126 from El Dorado to + +Santa Elena + +de Uairen ( +5.949°N +, +61.439°W +), ~ +1400 m +a.s.l., +3.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber); +4♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Ven02/100-14), same data. + + + + +Redescription. Male +(ZFMK Ar 19012) + + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.9, carapace width 1.2. Distance PME-PME 150 µm, diameter PME 90 µm, distance PME-ALE 110 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.85/ 0.60. Leg 1: 51.4 (12.4 + 0.5 + 11.9 + 23.7 + 2.9), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 4.8, tibia 4: 6.3; tibia 1 L/d: 99. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.16, 0.26 ( +0.30 in +distal third), 0.18, 0.15. + +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow, slightly orange medially, with dark median line and brown lateral marginal bands; ocular area and clypeus not darkened; sternum orange; legs brown, without light or dark rings, coxae 1 and 4 whitish; abdomen greenish gray, posteriorly with dark internal marks, ventrally with light orange plate in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 88–89 +; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with shallow but distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With one pair of frontal apophyses overhanging fangs, not close to median line ( +Fig. 124 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 122–123 +; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with large rounded retrolateroventral process; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally and small unsclerotized ventral process distally; procursus widely curved, distal part hinged; bulbal process with distinctive retrolateral apophysis. + +LEGS. Without spines; with curved hairs dorsally on all femora, tibiae, and metatarsi, on metatarsi 2 also ventrally and laterally; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~50 pseudosegments, distally distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +four other males: 10.8, 10.9, 11.2, 11.7. Femora +2 in +smaller males barely wider than other femora. Some males with few dark marks also anteriorly on abdomen. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width; without curved hairs on legs. Tibia +1 in +2 females +: 7.3, 7.8. Epigynum as in +Figs 125–126 +, +135–136 +; anterior plate strongly protruding, with pair of shallow pockets on scape-like posterior process; posterior plate simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 127 +, +137 +, with pair of small pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The +type +specimens were collected from between tree buttresses (González-Sponga 2011b). + + + + +FIGURES 122–127. + +Mesabolivar anseriformis +(González-Sponga, 2011) + +(♂: ZFMK Ar 19012; ♀: ZFMK, Ven02/100-14). 122–123. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at apophysis on bulbal process). 124. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 125–126. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 127. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in +Bolívar +state, +Venezuela +( +Fig. 725 +). + + +Notes. +I have not directly examined the two male +type +specimens in MIZA. However, photos of one of the specimens were kindly provided by Quintin Arias and all diagnostic structures seem to be identical. + +In contrast to González-Sponga (2011b), it is not the femora 3 that are wider, but femora 2. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C658FFA92A9C9E3D37027E2A.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C658FFA92A9C9E3D37027E2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7fb8bb0b975 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C658FFA92A9C9E3D37027E2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar similis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 141–142 +, +165–171 +, +194 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 165–166 +; two pairs of frontal apophyses, one oblique pair distally and one smaller conical pair proximally), by shape of procursus ( +Figs 167–169 +; in general as in + +M. togatus + +, cf. Huber 2000: fig. 856; widely curved, with distal prolateral process and membranous structures), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 170 +; in lateral view like + +M. togatus + +, cf. Huber 2000: fig. 862; oval anterior plate with posterior margin divided into three lobes by whitish membrane); from two most similar congeners ( + +M. togatus + +, + +M. baianus + +) by much smaller proximal cheliceral apophyses ( +Figs 165–166 +); from + +M. baianus + +also by shapes of lobes on anterior epigynal plate (median lobe wider; lateral lobes narrower; +Figs 170 +, +194 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the similarity of this species to + +M. togatus + +; adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +UFMG +(21509), +1♂ +1♀ +( +♀ +abdomen only, prosoma in pure ethanol) +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19039), Fazenda Morro de Pedra (12°31.6’–31.8’S, 40°36.1–36.4’W), +490 m +a.s.l., +14.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +2♀ +(one +♀ +abdomen with +♂ +paratype +) in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br15-182), same data as +types +. +2♂ +1 ♀ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +(ARA 278), Maracás, near Sede da Ferbasa ( +13.471°S +, +40.438°W +), +955 m +a.s.l., +11–13.iii.2012 +(E. Araújo, A. Medeiros). + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.5, carapace width 1.7. Distance PME-PME 125 µm, diameter PME 170 µm, distance PME-ALE 130 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 65 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.67. Leg 1 missing, tibia 2: 11.1, tibia 3: 6.4, tibia 4: 10.0. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): –, 0.26, 0.26, 0.19. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with wide dark brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area, no lateral marks; clypeus not darkened; sternum orange to light brown; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter, indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark bluish marks, ventrally with orange to light brown plate in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 141 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, proximal pair small and conical, distal pair oblique, angle between outer margins ~100° ( +Figs 165–166 +). + + +PALPS. In general like in + +M. togatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 855–856); palps in these two species may be indistinguishable (the minimal differences between +Figs 158–159 +and +Figs 167, 169 +may partly be due to slightly different angles of view and may be in the same order of magnitude as intraspecific variation). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs. + +Male +(variation). Other male lighter, slightly smaller; carapace width: 1.3; leg 1: 57.3 (13.5 + 0.7 + 12.9 + 27.1 + 3.1), tibia 2: 9.3, tibia 3: 6.3, tibia 4: 9.1. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 142 +). Tibia 1: 8.5 (missing in second female). Epigynum as in +Figs 170 +, +194 +, very similar to + +M. togatus + +, especially to females from +Bahia +assigned tentatively to + +M. togatus + +(compare +Figs 190 and 194 +). Internal genitalia as in +Fig. 171 +, also very similar + +M. togatus + +(compare +Figs 171 +and +189 +). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large sheltered spaces among rocks and logs. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two localities in +Bahia +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 727 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C659FFAA2A9C9953372C7B79.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C659FFAA2A9C9953372C7B79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0694a1ee607 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C659FFAA2A9C9953372C7B79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar camacan + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 172–177 +, +195–196 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males are distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. maxacali + +, + +M. baianus + +, + +M. buraquinho + +, + +M. bonita + +, + +M. amadoi + +) by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 172, 173 +; two pairs of distinctive frontal apophyses; distal pair wider than in + +M. maxacali + +; proximal pair larger than in + +M. buraquinho + +; more clearly different from other species) and by shape of procursus ( +Figs 174, 175 +; very short prolateral apophysis, wide prolatero-dorsal flap); females differ from similar congeners by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 176 +, +195 +; anterior plate shorter and wider than in + +M. baianus + +; median sclerite narrower than in + +M. togatus + +and in + +M. similis + +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14310), +1♀ +paratype +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19040), Município de Camacan, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita (15°23.3’–23.4’S, 39°33.7’– 34.0’W), ~ +750–850 m +a.s.l., +2–3.x.2011 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br11-166), same data as types. + + + + + +FIGURES 172–177. + +Mesabolivar camacan + + +sp. n. + +(MNRJ 14310). 172–173. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 174– 175. Left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 176. Epigynum, ventral view. 177. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 5.6, carapace width 2.2. Distance PME-PME 210 µm, diameter PME 170 µm, distance PME-ALE 180 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 90 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.4/ 1.0. Leg 1: 70.4 (17.3 + 0.9 + 16.9 + 31.3 + 4.0), tibia 2: 12.4, tibia 3: 7.5, tibia 4: 11.2; tibia 1 L/d: 80. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.29, 0.32, 0.36, 0.29. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large dark brown median mark; sternum ochre-orange; legs dark brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish to yellowish), black rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark internal marks, ventrally with light orange-brown area in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in putative close relatives (e.g., + +M. buraquinho + +; cf. +Fig. 143 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of distinctive frontal apophyses ( +Figs 172–173 +), distal pair rounded, near median line, proximal pair pointed (in lateral view), in more lateral position. + + +PALPS. In general similar to + +M. buraquinho + +(cf. +Figs 178–179 +), + +M. togatus + +(Huber 2000: figs 855–856), and + +M. bonita + +(Huber 2015: figs 62–63); procursus distally wide, prolateral apophysis very short ( +Figs 174–175 +). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>45 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Female. +In general similar to male but much smaller; the conspecificity is thus uncertain. Tibia +1 in +two females: 9.6, 11.3. Epigynum as in +Figs 176 +, +195 +; anterior plate with distinctive posterior margin (whitish areas are part of anterior plate); posterior plate simple and large. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 177 +, +196 +, with pair of large pore-plates in vertical lateral position, more or less parallel. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Bahia +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 727 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C65BFFB62A9C9D0C372878CD.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C65BFFB62A9C9D0C372878CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6801d7ab184 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C65BFFB62A9C9D0C372878CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,908 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar buraquinho + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 143–144 +, +178–185 +, +197 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most known congeners by shape of procursus ( +Figs 179–181 +; widely curved, slender tip with prolateral apophysis), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Fig. 182 +; pair of large frontal apophyses near median line and pair of small apophyses more proximally), and by shape of epigynum ( +Fig. 184 +; trapezoidal anterior plate with dark central depression); from most similar known species ( + +M. caipora + +) only by cheliceral armature (compare +Fig. 182 +and Huber 2015: fig. 54); epigyna of + +M. buraquinho + +and + +M. caipora + +almost identical, but median depression apparently consistently slightly smaller in + +M. buraquinho + +; compare +Figs 184 and 186 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraíba + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21510–11), +11♂ +13♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19041–42), Jardim Botânico Benjamin +Maranhão +, "Mata do Buraquinho" ( +7°08.31’S +, +34°51.46’W +), +30 m +a.s.l., +2.vi.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Paraíba + +: 2 juvs, together with +paratypes +; +1♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-246), same data as types + +. + +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19043), +Mata do Cafundó +, ‘site 1’ ( +7°08.8’S +, +35°00.6’W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +1.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-243), same data + +. + +10♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19044), +Floresta Nacional da Restinga de Cabedelo +, " +Mata do Amém +" ( +7°03.9’S +, +34°51.2’W +), + +30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-251), same data + +. + +13♂ +8♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19045), near +Rio Tinto +, +Reserva Biológica de Guaribas +, ‘site 1’ ( +6°48.55’S +, +35°05.21’W +), + +30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +3.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-253), same data + +. + +1♂ +3♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19046), +Reserva Biológica de Guaribas +, ‘site 2’ ( +6°44.4’S +, +35°09.6’W +), + +170 m +a.s.l. + +, + +3.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-256), same data + +. + + + + +Pernambuco + +: +4♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19047), near +Bonito +, forest near +Cachoeira da Gruta +( +8°32.8’S +, +35°42.7’W +), + +380 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24–25.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19048), near +Bonito +, +Alto da Serra +( +8°30.7’S +, +35°34.3’W +), + +750–800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24–25.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-224), same data + +. + +5♂ +5♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19049), +Reserva Biológica de Saltinho +( +8°43.6’S +, +35°10.7’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-226), same data + +. + +1♂ +8♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19050), near +São Vicente +Ferrer, ‘site 1’, forest near road ( +7°37.3’S +, 35°27.8’–28.0’W), + +400–450 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-232), same data + +. + + + + + + +Alagoas + +: +6♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19051), near +Murici +, degraded forest near road ( +9°19.64’S +, +35°54.58’W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +17.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +3♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-193), same data + +. + +2♂ +5♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19052), near +Murici +, +Estação Ecológica de Murici +( +9°14.8’S +, +35°50.3’W +), + +350–400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +18.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-200), same data + +. + +8♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19053–54), +Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada +(9°14.5’–14.0’S, 36°26.5’–27.2’W), + +650–700 m +a.s.l. + +, + +20–21.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-212), same data + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19055), +Usina Serra Grande +, forest above sugarcane plantations ( +8°58.3’S +, +36°05.7’W +), + +450–550 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22–23.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-216), same data + +. + + + + +Bahia + +: +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19056), near +Santa Teresinha +, +Serra da Jibóia +, along small brook ( +12°50.68’S +, +39°29.31’W +), + +500 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-175), same data + +. + +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19057), near +Santa Teresinha +, +Serra da Jibóia +, near hilltop ( +12°51.33’S +, +39°28.59’W +), + +800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19058), near Santa Teresinha, Reserva Jequitibá ( +12°52.19’S +, +39°28.65’W +), + +530 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15- 177), same data + +. + +2♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19059), +Reserva Ecológica da Michelin +, ‘site 1’ ( +13°49.3’S +, +39°11.9’W +), ~ + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, M. +Alves Dias +). + + + + +FIGURES 178–183. + +Mesabolivar buraquinho + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19041). 178–179. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 180–181. Tip of left procursus, prolateral and dorsal views. 182–183. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + + +FIGURES 184–187. + +Mesabolivar buraquinho + + +sp. n. + +(184–185, ZFMK Ar 19042) and + +M. caipora +Huber, 2015 + +(186: ZFMK Ar 19062; 187: ZFMK Ar 19060). Epigyna, ventral views, and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3. + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.0, carapace width 1.6. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.05/0.65. Leg 1: 56.9 (14.0 + 0.7 + 13.9 + 25.2 + 3.1), tibia 2: 9.6, tibia 3: 5.6, tibia 4: 9.2; tibia 1 L/d: 107. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.23, 0.29, 0.18. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large dark median mark including ocular area; sternum orange to light brown; legs dark brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish to yellowish); abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light orange-brown area in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 143 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses ( +Figs 182–183 +), one pair large, rounded, near median line, other pair small, pointed, more proximally. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 178–179 +; apparently indistinguishable from + +M. caipora + +, but tip of procursus slightly wider ( +Figs 180, 181 +). Coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, widened distally; tarsus with small dorsal process; procursus widely curved, with narrow retrolateral flap, small prolateral apophysis, and membranous distal structures; bulb large, with long slightly tapering process, without side branch. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +68 other males: 9.4–14.7 (mean 12.4). + + + +FIGURES 188–199. +Female epigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, + +Mesabolivar togatus + +group (part 1). 188–190. + +M. togatus +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, from Guapiaçú (188–189, ZFMK Ar 19017) and Sooretama (190, ZFMK Ar 19029). 191–193. + +M. baianus + + +sp. n. + +, from Una (191–192, ZFMK Ar 19031) and Serra Bonita (193, ZFMK Ar 19038). 194. + +M. similis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19039). 195–196. + +M. camacan + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19040). 197. + +M. buraquinho + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19042). 198–199. + +M. caipora +Huber, 2015 + +, from São João (198, ZFMK Ar 19062) and Mata do Crasto (199, ZFMK Ar 19060). + + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 144 +) but all femora approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +59 females +: 6.3–11.1 (mean 9.2). Epigynum as in +Fig. 184 +; anterior plate simple, trapezoidal, slightly protruding but without processes, with dark, round to oval central depression; posterior plate large. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 185 +, +197 +, with pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging anteriorly; arc-shaped ‘valve’ projects beyond anterior margin of epigynal plate ( +Fig. 185 +), in some females visible in ventral view through cuticle. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in domed webs sheltered among rocks, in hollow trees, under logs, and in large cavities of the ground. At Mata do Amém, they seemed to share the microhabitat with + +M. spinulosus + +. +Distribution. +Widespread from +Bahia +state to +Paraíba +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 727 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C65EFFA92A9C9A4537E2787D.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C65EFFA92A9C9A4537E2787D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d107ecc36ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C65EFFA92A9C9A4537E2787D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar baianus + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 140 +, +153–155 +, +160–164 +, +191–193 + + + + + +Mesabolivar caipora +: Huber 2015: 7 + +, figs 24–25, 55–56 (misidentified females; see Notes below). + + + +Mesabolivar togatus +: Astrin +et al. +2006: 444 + +(misidentified specimens from Taiobeiras only; see Notes below). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most known congeners by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 153–155 +; two pairs of frontal apophyses, one oblique pair distally and one strongly projecting pair proximally), by shape of procursus ( +Figs 160–161 +; in general as in + +M. togatus + +, but membranous dorsal flap more distinct: arrow in +Fig. 160 +), and shape of epigynum ( +Figs 162, 164 +; in lateral view like + +M. togatus + +, cf. Huber 2000: fig. 862; oval anterior plate with posterior margin divided into three lobes by whitish membrane); from the very similar + +M. togatus + +by details of distal cheliceral apophyses (smaller angle between outer margins in frontal view; clearly visible in lateral view; compare +Figs 150–155 +), and by shapes of lobes on anterior epigynal plate (median lobe narrower; lateral lobes wider; compare +Figs 156, 157 and 162, 164 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is an adjective derived from the +type +locality. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MNRJ +(14309), +11♂ +11♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19031), Reserva Biológica de Una, ‘site 2’ ( +15°10.6’S +, +39°03.5’W +), ~ +50–100 m +a.s.l., +4.x.2011 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González, M. Alves Dias). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +2♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19032), same locality but ‘site 1’ ( +15°11.0’S +, +39°04.7’W +), ~ + +70–100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, M. +Alves Dias +) + +; + +2♀ +5 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-171), same data, ‘sites 1 & 2’ + +. + +2♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19033), +Reserva Ecológica da Michelin +, ‘site 1’ ( +13°49.3’S +, +39°11.9’W +), ~ + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, M. +Alves Dias +) + +; + +6♂ +10♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19034), same locality but ‘site 2’ ( +13°50.5’S +, +39°14.5’W +), ~ + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +6.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, M. +Alves Dias +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-190), same data + +; + +2♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-194), same data but ‘sites 1 & 2’ + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19035), near Santa Teresinha, Reserva Jequitibá ( +12°52.19’S +, +39°28.65’W +), + +530 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +6♂ +11♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19036), + +Parque Nacional do Pau +Brasil + +, ‘site 1’ ( +16°28.2’S +, +39°16.8’W +), ~ + +65 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, A. Pérez- +González +, +M. Alves Dias +) + +; + +6♂ +12♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19037), same locality but ‘site 2’ (outside park limits) ( +16°25.7’S +, +39°21.1’W +), ~ + +60 m +a.s.l. + +, + +1.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, M. +Alves Dias +) + +; + +3♂ +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-155), same data + +. + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +8♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19038), +Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita +(15°23.3’–23.4’S, 39°33.7’–34.0’W), ~ + +750–850 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2–3.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, A. Pérez- +González, M. +Alves Dias) + +; + +2♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-163), same data + +. + +10♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +12620) (erroneously assigned to + +M. caipora +in Huber 2015 + +), +Mata de São João +, building ( +12°27.7’S +, +38°15.5’W +), ~ + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, + +8.x.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +, +M. Alves Dias +). + + + + + + + +Minas Gerais + +: +2♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(G004), Taiobeiras [ +15.8°S +, +42.22°W +], + +iv.2002 + +( +A.J. Santos +). + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 4.8, carapace width 1.4. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 190 µm, distance PME-ALE 160 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 65 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.2/ 0.7. Leg 1: 71.3 (17.5 + 0.8 + 16.8 + 32.9 + 3.3), tibia 2: 12.0, tibia 3: 7.1, tibia 4: 11.2; tibia 1 L/d: 93. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.22, 0.24, 0.31, 0.22. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre to light brown, with large dark brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area; sternum ochre-yellow; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter, indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark bluish marks, ventrally with light brown plate in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 140 +, very similar to + +M. togatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 851–852); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, proximal pair strongly projecting, distal pair oblique, angle between outer margins ~70°, clearly visible in lateral view ( +Figs 153–154 +). + + +PALPS. In general as in + +M. togatus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 855–856); palps in these two species may be indistinguishable, but the membranous dorsal flap on the procursus appears to be consistently more distinct in + +M. baianus + +(arrow in +Fig. 160 +). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>45 pseudosegments, distally distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +34 other males: 14.7–18.4 (mean 16.4). Sternum often with orange color. Males from Serra Bonita and Taiobeiras with shorter proximal cheliceral apophyses ( +Fig. 155 +); specimens from these localities are therefore assigned tentatively. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia +1 in +50 females +: 9.7– 13.5 (mean 12.0). Epigynum as in +Figs 162, 164 +; anterior plate oval, posterior margin divided into three lobes by whitish membrane, median lobe narrow (about as wide as long); lateral lobes of similar shape; large but simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 163 +, +192 +, with pair of large pore-plates in roughly vertical lateral position, slightly diverging anteriorly. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large, rather flat sheet webs, mostly close to the ground in sheltered spaces among rocks and large trees, rarely higher up and more exposed. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in +Bahia +state ( +Brazil +), possibly ranging into +Minas Gerais +and +Sergipe +states ( +Fig. 726 +); some of the specimens identified as + +M. togatus +in Machado (2007) + +(from +Sergipe +: Caverna dos Aventureiros and Laranjeiras; and +Bahia +: Central, “Abrigo Waldemar II” – precise locality not identified) may actually belong to this species (judging from ranges of examined specimens). + + +Notes. +The females assigned erroneously to + +M. caipora +in Huber (2015) + +are extremely similar to this species; they are thus tentatively assigned to it. However, the internal genitalia differ slightly (compare Huber 2015: figs 25 and 56 and +Figs 163 +, +192 +herein) and the legs of those specimens are consistently shorter (tibia 1: 7.3–9.5 vs. 9.7–13.5). In the absence of males from this locality (Mata de São João, +Bahia +), the identity of these females remains unclear. + + +The specimens from “Taisbeiras” (typo for Taiobeiras) identified as + +M. togatus +in Astrin +et al. +(2006) + +closely resemble unambiguous + +M. baianus + +but are tentatively assigned to this species for the lack of males from this locality. Their genetic distance to specimens from +São Paulo +sequenced in Astrin +et al. +(2006) supports the distinction between + +M. togatus + +and + +M. baianus + +(CO1, raw p-distance: 6.6%, K2P-corrected: 7.0%). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C662FF922A9C99D531217F31.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C662FF922A9C99D531217F31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..010a7b46ea5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C662FF922A9C99D531217F31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,347 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar tapajos + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 11–12 +, +58 +, +61–62, 66–68 +, +75–77 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males are easily distinguished from most known congeners (except + +M. jamari + +) by extremely long distal element on procursus ( +Fig. 58 +); from + +M. jamari + +by other details of tarsus and procursus (compare +Figs 57 and 58 +; larger tarsal process, smaller widened part of procursus, more distal position of dorsal process of procursus); from + +M. jamari + +and other putatively close relatives also by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 61–62 +; cylindrical apophyses relatively slender), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 66–67 +, +75–76 +; relatively small median depression with indistinct pocket; pair of conical lateral processes slender, tips slightly curved backwards). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21505–06), +4♂ +6♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18957–58), Floresta Nacional de Tapajós, km 83 ( +3.049°S +, +54.928°W +), +95 m +a.s.l., +14–18.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1 juv. +, together with +paratypes + +. + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16- 258), same data as types + +. + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18959), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 2’ ( +2.875°S +, +54.941°W +), + +190 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-269), same data + +. + +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18960), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 72, ‘site 2’ ( +2.940°S +, +54.933°W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +17.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18961), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 221 ( +4.046°S +, +54.938°W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.3, carapace width 1.1. Distance PME-PME 100 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.75/ 0.55. Leg 1: 36.7 (8.6 + 0.5 + 8.8 + 16.9 + 1.9), tibia 2: 5.6, tibia 3: 3.9, tibia 4: 6.0; tibia 1 L/d: 93. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.14, 0.14, 0.15, 0.14. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with slightly darker lateral margins and large light brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area; clypeus not darkened; sternum medially slightly darker (orange to light brown); legs ochre, with darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally; indistinct), tips of femora and tibiae whitish; abdomen greenish-gray, with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, small ventral mark behind gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 11 +; ocular area raised (higher than usual in the genus); carapace with distinct median furrow; sternum unmodified; clypeus swollen, whitish, with sclerotized rim. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of long tapering apophyses with slender, slightly curved tips ( +Figs 61–62 +). + + +PALPS. In general very similar to + +M. jamari + +(cf. +Figs 55–56 +), but slightly smaller (femur length: 0.64 vs. 0.72; femur maximum width: 0.26 vs. 0.32); only tarsus and procursus clearly different ( +Fig. 58 +): larger tarsal process, smaller widened part of procursus, more distal position of dorsal process of procursus. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with 25 pseudosegments, indistinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 8.9, 9.2, 9.7. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 12 +) but dark mark on carapace larger, clypeus unmodified, dark rings on legs more distinct, sternum in most females with distinct light brown median mark. Tibia +1 in +nine females: 4.9– 5.6 (mean 5.2). Epigynum as in +Figs 66–67 +, +75–76 +; anterior plate with median depression bordered posteriorly by pocket; pair of conical lateral processes, tips slightly bent towards posterior; posterior plate simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 68 +, +77 +, with small pore-plates and distinctive median structure (curved median tube, possibly to accommodate long processes of procursi). One female from ~ +110 km +S of +type +locality (“km 221”) with pocket in slightly more anterior position and shorter legs (tibia 1: 4.4); assigned tentatively. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found close to the ground, in webs that were mostly hidden in the leaf litter, often in large rolled up leaves. Males and females were sometimes found together, hiding in the back of the shelter. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from Floresta Nacional de Tapajós in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 722 +). + + +Note. +This species is possibly identical to “sp. 06” in +Machado (2011) +, described from a single male specimen from Altamira (~ +300 km +E Tapajos). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C663FF992A9C99B6376D787C.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C663FF992A9C99B6376D787C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2effb37502c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C663FF992A9C99B6376D787C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,309 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar macushi + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 90–97 +, +104–105 +, +128–129 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. aurantiacus + +, + +M. cyaneus + +, + +M. spinosus + +) by shape of procursus ( +Figs 96–97 +; short distal sclerite with small subdistal parallel side branch), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 92–93 +; pair of strongly curved, blade-shaped frontal apophyses), and by female external and internal genitalia ( +Figs 94–95 +, +128–129 +; epigynum without pocket, without processes; small pore-plates; weakly sclerotized median sac-like structure). + + + + +FIGURES 78–89. +Live specimens and habitus photos, + +Mesabolivar aurantiacus + +group. 78–81. + +M. aurantiacus +(Mello-Leitão, 1930) + +, males from Tabatinga, Manaus, and Belém, female from Belém. 82–84. + +M. tabatinga + + +sp. n. + +, male, female, and mating pair from Tabatinga. 85–87. + +M. eberhardi +Huber, 2000 + +, males and female from Jamari. 88–89. + +M. anseriformis + +(González- Sponga, 2011), male in dorsal and lateral views (ZFMK Ar 19012). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name honors the Macushi, an indigenous people living in eastern +Venezuela +, southern +Guyana +, and northern +Brazil +; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +♂ +holotype +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18962), forest near base of +Salto +Angel ( +5°58.0’N +, +62°31.7’W +), ~ +720 m +a.s.l., domed webs near ground, +7.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +1♀ +2 juvs, together with +holotype +. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.7, carapace width 1.7. Distance PME-PME 180 µm, diameter PME 170 µm, distance PME-ALE 120 µm, distance AME-AME 35 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.15/ 0.85. Leg 1: 61.7 (14.7 + 0.7 + 14.1 + 27.9 + 4.3), tibia 2: 9.1, tibia 3: 6.8, tibia 4: 8.7; tibia 1 L/d: 88. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.21, 0.23, 0.26, 0.23. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large brown mark covering most of posterior half, ocular area brown, clypeus not darkened, sternum light brown; legs light brown, without dark or light rings; abdomen ochregray, with many dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, with small light brown plate in front of gonopore. + + +FIGURES 90–95. + +Mesabolivar macushi + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 18962). 90–91. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 92– 93. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 94. Epigynum, ventral view. 95. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + +BODY. Habitus similar to + +M. aurantiacus + +(cf. +Figs 78, 80 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of strongly curved, blade-shaped frontal apophyses ( +Figs 92–93 +) with finely granulated surface. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 90–91 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with short rounded ventral process; femur with retrolateral apophysis proximally, widened distally; tarsus with three small dorsal processes; procursus S-shaped, short distal process with small subdistal parallel side branch ( +Figs 96–97 +); genital bulb process slender, with weakly sclerotized bifid distal process ( +Figs 104–105 +). + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~60 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + + +FIGURES 96–103. +Left procursi, prolateral and retrolateral views. 96–97. + +Mesabolivar macushi + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 18962). 98– 99. + +M. aurantiacus +(Mello-Leitão, 1930) + +(ZFMK Ar 18963). 100–101. + +M. cyaneus +(Taczanowski, 1874) + +(ZFMK Ar 18989). 102–103. + +M. spinosus +(González-Sponga, 2005) + +(MIZA MAGS 1176). Scale line: 0.5 (all at same scale). + + + + +FIGURES 104–114. +Left bulbal processes, dorsal and prolatero-ventral views (104–111), epigynum, ventral and lateral views (112–113), and cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (114). 104–105. + +Mesabolivar macushi + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 18962). 106–107. + +M. aurantiacus +(Mello-Leitão, 1930) + +(ZFMK Ar 18963). 108–109. + +M. cyaneus +(Taczanowski, 1874) + +(ZFMK Ar 18989). 110– 114. + +M. spinosus +(González-Sponga, 2005) + +(MIZA MAGS 1176). Scale lines: 0.5 (all bubal processes at same scale). + + + +Female. +In general similar to male; tibia 1: 12.4. Epigynum as in +Figs 94 +, +128 +; anterior plate without pocket, with very indistinct and shallow median furrow, lateral parts more heavily sclerotized but not elevated; in lateral view slightly protruding towards posterior edge; posterior plate large, simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 95 +, +129 +, with small pore-plates, weakly sclerotized median sac. + + + +Natural history. +The spiders were collected from domed webs hidden in sheltered cavities of the ground. +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Bolívar +state ( +Venezuela +) only ( +Fig. 725 +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C664FF942A9C9C3536527BE5.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C664FF942A9C9C3536527BE5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37f5f436b05 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C664FF942A9C9C3536527BE5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,321 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar huambisa +Huber, 2000 + + + + + +Figs 5–6 +, +26–31 +, +42–47 + + + + + +Mesabolivar huambisa +Huber, 2000: 191 + +, figs 738–747 ( +♂ +♀ +, +Peru +, +Ecuador +). [Machado 2007: 88; see Notes below]. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. acrensis + +, + +M. maraba + +, + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +) by screw-shaped sclerite prolaterally on bulbal process ( +Figs 29–31 +); also by shape of procursus ( +Figs 26–28 +; distinctive distal elements) and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 42–47 +; median cavity very wide, not reaching anterior epigynal margin; lateral pair of processes directed towards ventral) (female of + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +unknown). + + + + + +Type +material. + + +PERU + +: + +Loreto + +: +♂ +holotype +, +21♂ +18♀ +paratypes +, +MUSM +, Rio Samiria ( +4°43’S +, +74°18’W +), +v– vi.1990 +(T. Erwin +et al. +), examined (Huber 2000; +1♂ +1♀ +paratypes +reexamined for present study). + + + + +Other +material examined + +(all assigned tentatively; see +Notes +below). +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18950), forest near +Tabatinga +( +4.244°S +, 69.92– +69.93°W +), + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2–4.xi.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-321), same data + +. + + + + +Pará + +: +2♂ +(and +1♀ +abdomen transferred from +Br +16-226a), +ZFMK +( +Ar +18951), +Belém +, +Parque Estadual do Utinga +, ‘site 1’ ( +1.424°S +, +48.429°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +6.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +( +♀ +abdomen transferred to +ZFMK +Ar +18951) in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-226a), same data + +. + + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Males and females with pair of small brown marks behind ocular area. Male clypeus swollen and with sclerotized rim as in putative close relatives; male palpal tarsus with some bent hairs, one of them thicker than others; ventral membranous structure on bulbal process highly expandable ( +Fig. 29 +); femur 3 thicker than other femora (reexamined +♂ +paratype +with tibia 1 length 12.0, diameters of femora at half length: 0.20, 0.22, 0.30, 0.20). + + +Natural history. +Both in Tabatinga and in Belém, the spiders were found on tree trunks, usually at about +0.5– 2 m +above the ground. They built small domed webs with a diameter of only ~ +10–15 cm +, with one side of the dome attached to the tree bark; here the spiders sat with the fontal side facing down. Males and females were sometimes seen to sit side by side. + + + + +Distribution. +Possibly widely distributed from +Peru +and +Ecuador +(maybe +Bolivia +) to the estuary of the Amazon River ( +Fig. 723 +), but see Notes below. + + +Notes. +The newly examined specimens differ slightly from the reexamined +paratypes +, but the significance of this variation is unclear. In males from Belém the tip of the procursus is less curved and the dorsal process is larger ( +Fig. 28 +); in males from both Belém and Tabatinga, the proximal part of the procursus is less curved ventrally ( +Figs 27, 28 +); in males from Belém, the screw-shaped sclerite on the bulbal process is smaller ( +Fig. 31 +); in females from both Belém and Tabatinga, the epigynal processes are more pointed ( +Figs 45, 47 +). In general, palps, chelicerae, and epigyna are smaller in specimens from both Belém and Tabatinga than in the +paratypes +, but sample sizes are small and leg length seems to be similar: tibia +1 in +five newly examined males: 11.5–13.2 (mean 12.2); in one female: 6.7. Newly examined males tend to have thinner legs and less thickened femora 3 (diameters of femora at halflength in one male: 0.17, 0.18, 0.20, 0.17). + + +The specimens from +Brazil +( +Acre +) and +Bolivia +assigned to + +M. huambisa +in Machado (2007) + +are also problematic. They were later considered to represent two new undescribed species ( +Machado 2011, “sp. 05” and “sp. 09” +), but the drawings (I did not examine the specimens) of the Bolivian specimens strongly resemble the specimens from Belém. + +In sum, species limits appear difficult to establish in this group, and future studies should aim at large scale geographic sampling and inclusion of molecular data. +In the original description of the female internal genitalia, “large membranous structures of unknown function reaching into lateral apophyses” were illustrated (Huber 2000: 194, fig. 745). These structures are silk glands and have no relation with the female genitalia (except for filling the available space in the epigynal processes). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C665FF962A9C9D85366778E9.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C665FF962A9C9D85366778E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b121edf1ad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C665FF962A9C9D85366778E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar amazonicus + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 7–8 +, +48–54 +, +69–71 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males are easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus ( +Fig. 49 +; distinctively widened and strongly curved distal element, much smaller than in similar species, i.e. + +M. acrensis + +, + +M. maraba + +, + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +, + +M. huambisa + +); also by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 50–51 +; distinctive undulating shape of apophyses in lateral view), by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 52–53 +, +69–70 +; large median depression, lateral margins diverging toward anterior, bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes; very similar to + +M. huambisa + +but median pocket reaching further back in lateral view), and by female internal genitalia ( +Figs 54 +, +71 +; similar to + +M. maraba + +and + +M. huambisa + +; pore-plates larger and slightly curved towards posterior) (female of + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +unknown). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is an adjective derived from the +type +locality. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21501–02), +2♂ +2♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18952), forest near Humaitá, ‘site 1’ ( +7.464°S +, +63.231°W +), +65 m +a.s.l., +20.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +1♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-283), same data as types + +. 2♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 18953), forest near Humaitá, ‘site 3’ (7.512°S, 63.393°W), +80 m +a.s.l., +22.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-291), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.6, carapace width 1.2. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 90 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 55 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.55. Leg 1: 37.2 (9.0 + 0.5 + 9.0 + 16.3 + 2.4), tibia 2: 5.9, tibia 3: 4.3, tibia 4: 6.2; tibia 1 L/d: 86. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.16, 0.17, 0.19, 0.16. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with large slightly darker median mark, ocular area also slightly darkened; sternum ochre-orange; legs ochre to light brown, with indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish-gray, with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, small ventral mark behind gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 7 +; ocular area raised (higher than usual in the genus); carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus slightly swollen and whitish, with sclerotized margin; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of long cylindrical apophyses, undulating in lateral view, with strongly sclerotized hooked tips ( +Figs 50–51 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 48–49 +; coxa with conical retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with retrolateral apophysis; femur very large, proximally with retrolateral apophysis and prolateral ridge set with short hairs; tarsus with small dorsal processes, with one strong and two regular hairs bent towards dorsal; procursus distally widened and strongly curved towards dorsal; bulb with distally bifid process. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + + +FIGURES 48–54. + +Mesabolivar amazonicus + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 18952). 48–49. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at curved hairs on pedipalpal tarsus). 50–51. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 52–53. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 54. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 8.8, 8.9, 9.2. Prosoma variably orange. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 8 +) but carapace ochre-brown rather than yellow to orange, with larger brown median mark; ocular area slightly lower than in males; dark rings and whitish tips of femora and tibiae more distinct; clypeus less swollen and margin not sclerotized. Tibia +1 in +six females: 5.5–6.0 (mean 5.8). Epigynum as in +Figs 52–53 +, +69–70 +; anterior plate with large median depression bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes directed slightly towards anterior; posterior plate large, simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 54 +, +71 +, with elongated transversal pore-plates and distinctive median anterior structure. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in small sheltered spaces in the leaf litter, under logs, or in small cavities in the ground. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality and a nearby site only, both in +Amazonas +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 722 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C667FF932A9C9E8E37787805.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C667FF932A9C9E8E37787805.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fc8f26555dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C667FF932A9C9E8E37787805.xml @@ -0,0 +1,359 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar jamari + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 9–10 +, +55–57 +, +59–60, 63–65 +, +72–74 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males are easily distinguished from most known congeners by extremely long distal element of procursus ( +Figs 56–57 +; similar only in + +M. tapajos + +); from + +M. tapajos + +by other details of tarsus and procursus (smaller tarsal process, position of dorsal process on procursus; compare +Figs 57 and 58 +), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 59–60 +; apophyses stronger), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 63–64 +; larger median depression bordered posteriorly by pocket with distinctive hood; conical lateral processes shorter; epigynum very similar to + +M. exlineae + +, but see Note below). + + +Note. +The epigynum illustrated in Huber (2000) for + +Mesabolivar exlineae +(Mello-Leitão, 1947) + +is very similar to the one shown here for + +M. jamari + +(compare +Fig. 63 +with Huber 2000: fig. 768). Unfortunately, + +M. exlineae + +is burdened with several problems: (1) the geographic origin is dubious. +Mello-Leitão (1947a) +gives “Pebas (Perú)” [3.31°S, 71.86°W, +110 m +a.s.l.], while the label in the supposed type vial (BMNH 1940.12.30.108) reads “Capachica” [15.64°S, 69.83°W, +3850 m +a.s.l.]. Previously, I considered Capachica the type locality and Mello- Leitão’s published locality an error (Huber 2000); however, Capachica is a high altitude place with a relatively dry climate, while all putatively close relatives ( + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +, + +M. huambisa + +, + +M. paraensis + +, + +M. maraba + +, + +M. acrensis + +) come from low altitude and high-precipitation areas. (2) The female illustrated in Huber (2000) may not be the holotype. As noted earlier (Huber 2000), Mello-Leitão’s (1947a) illustration of the epigynum looks quite different, even though the text mentions “two horns”. In sum, the supposed type vial in BMNH may be mislabeled, and the true type of + +M. exlineae + +may be lost or misplaced and originate from Pebas indeed. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rondônia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21503–04), +4♂ +5♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18954), Floresta Nacional do Jamari, ‘sites 2 & 3’ ( +9.22°S +, +62.93°W +– +9.26°S +, +62.92°W +), +110 m +a.s.l., +24.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rondônia + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-301), same data as types + +; + +1♀ +(apparently teratological, see below; assigned tentatively), +ZFMK +( +Ar +18955), same data as types + +. + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18956), +Floresta Nacional do Jamari +, +Gran Piedra +( +9.198°S +, +63.082°W +), + +160 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.7, carapace width 1.25. Distance PME-PME 110 µm, diameter PME 130 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.60. Leg 1: 39.5 (9.7 + 0.5 + 9.6 + 17.5 + 2.2), tibia 2: 6.4, tibia 3: 4.4, tibia 4: 6.8; tibia 1 L/d: 83. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.19, 0.20, 0.18. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-orange, with black median line and pair of whitish areas beside ocular area; ocular area and clypeus not darkened; sternum medially slightly darker (orange to light brown); legs ochre to light brown, with darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), tips of femora and tibiae whitish; abdomen greenish-gray, with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, no ventral marks. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 9 +; ocular area raised (higher than usual in the genus); carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus slightly swollen and whitish, with sclerotized margin; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of long cylindrical apophyses with strongly sclerotized hooked tips ( +Figs 59–60 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 55–56 +; coxa with conical retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with finger-shaped retrolateral apophysis; femur very large, proximally with retrolateral apophysis and prolateral hump set with short hairs; tarsus with large rounded dorsal process, with one strong and two regular hairs bent towards dorsal; procursus with widened median section, dorsal process, and long distal process apparently provided with gland and duct ( +Fig. 57 +); bulb with distally bifid process. + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + + +FIGURES 55–58. + +Mesabolivar jamari + + +sp. n. + +(55–57, ZFMK Ar 18954) and + +M. tapajos + + +sp. n. + +(58, ZFMK Ar 18957). 55–56. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 57–58. Left procursi, retrolateral views (arrows point at putative glands). Scale lines: 0.5 (55–56), 0.3 (57–58). + + + + +FIGURES 59–68. + +Mesabolivar jamari + + +sp. n. + +(59–60, 63–65, ZFMK Ar 18954) and + +M. tapajos + + +sp. n. + +(61–62, 66–68, ZFMK Ar 18957–58). 59–62. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 63–68. Epigyna, ventral and lateral views, and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views (arrows point at median arc-shaped ducts). Scale lines: 0.3. + + + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +four other males: 9.5, 9.6, 9.8, 10.7. Two males asymmetric with respect to trichobothria on palpal tibiae: one male with both trichobothria very proximally on one side; other male without proximal trichobothrium on one side. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 10 +) but carapace ochre-brown rather than orange, with large brown median mark. Tibia +1 in +seven females: 5.5–6.0 (mean 5.8). Epigynum as in +Figs 63–64 +, +72–73 +; anterior plate with large median depression bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes directed obliquely towards posterior; posterior plate large, simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 65 +, +74 +, with roughly triangular poreplates and distinctive median structure (arrow in +Fig. 65 +; curved median tube, possibly to accommodate long processes of procursi). One female from +type +locality with much lower epigynal processes, apparently teratological; tibia +1 in +this female: 5.4. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found very close to the ground, in webs that were mostly hidden in the leaf litter, under logs, or in small cavities in the ground. A small part of the domed sheet was visible from outside, and the spiders were resting in the back. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Rondônia +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 722 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C668FF982A9C9E3D30FA7EBD.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C668FF982A9C9E3D30FA7EBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..252e706ecc8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C668FF982A9C9E3D30FA7EBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1138 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar aurantiacus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1930 +) + + + + + +Figs 78–81 +, +98–99 +, +106–107 + + + + + + +Blechroscelis aurantiacus + +Mello-Leitão, 1930 +: 61 + + +, fig. 13 (♂, Brazil: Pará). + + + + + +Blechroscelis irroratus + +Mello-Leitão, 1947a +: 160 + + +, figs 4–5 (♂♀, Brazil: Pará). Synonymized in Huber 2000: 206. + + + + + +Blechroscelis virescens + +Mello-Leitão, 1947a +: 161 + + +, fig. 6 (♂, Guyana). Synonymized in Huber 2000: 206. + + + + + +Psilochorus cambridgei + +Mello-Leitão, 1947a +: 163 + + +(♂♀, Brazil: Pará); name preoccupied ( + +Psilochorus cambridgei +Gertsch & Davis, 1937 + +). + + + + + +Psilochorus browningi + +Roewer, 1951 +: 455 + + +; new name for + +Psilochorus cambridgei +Mello-Leitão, 1947a + +. Synonymized in Huber 2000: 206. + + + + +Mesabolivar aurantiacus +: Huber 2000: 206 + +, figs 42, 43, 81, 801–810. + + + +Autana autanensis +González-Sponga, 2011b: 40 + +, pl. 1, figs 1–7 ( +♂ +, +Venezuela +). Synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + +Misidentification + +Mesabolivari + +pseudoblechroscelis +: González-Sponga 1998: 27 + +, figs 40–41 (♀ paratype only). + + + + +Diagnosis. +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Easily distinguished from similar congeners ( + +M. spinosus + +, + +M. cyaneus + +, + +M. macushi + +) by male procursus (distinctive ventral process and sclerite embedded in membrane; +Figs 98–99 +), by tip of male bulbal process ( +Figs 106–107 +; mostly membranous with slender process, similar to + +M. macushi + +), and by epigynal pocket continuing anteriorly into long furrow (Huber 2000: fig. 808). From + +M. spinosus + +also by much more slender palpal femur. + + + + + + +Type +material. + + +Blechroscelis aurantiacus +Mello-Leitão, 1930 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +2♂ +syntypes +, +MNRJ +, Cuminá [ +1.35°S +, +56.05°W +], no further data, examined (Huber 2000). + + + + + +Blechroscelis irroratus +Mello-Leitão, 1947 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♀ +type +(? – see Huber 2000), +BMNH +(1897.9.21 501–508), +Breves +[ +1.68°S +, +50.47°W +], leg. +F.O. Pickard-Cambridge +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + + + + +Blechroscelis virescens +Mello-Leitão, 1947 + +: +GUYANA +: +1♂ +type +(? – see +Huber +2000), +BMNH +(1897.8.5.3.8), +Higher Potaro River +[~ +5.1°N +, +59.5°W +], examined (Huber 2000). + + + + + +Psilochorus cambridgei +Mello-Leitão, 1947 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♀ +type +, +BMNH +(1897.9.20 501–508), Breves [ +1.68°S +, +50.47°W +], no further data, examined (Huber 2000). + + + + +Autana autanensis +González-Sponga, 2011 + +: VENEZUELA: +Amazonas +: ♂ holotype, MIZA (MAGS 1162), Municipio +Autana +, Rio +Autana +(4°55’N, 67°24’W, +250 m +), +iii.1989 +(S. Obispo), not examined. + + + + + + +New +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +10♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18963), Belém, Parque Estadual do Utinga, ‘site 1’ ( +1.424°S +, +48.429°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16- 234), same data + +. + +14♂ +9♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18964–65), +Belém +, +Parque Estadual do Utinga +, ‘site 2’ ( +1.433°S +, +48.410°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5–6.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-228a), same data + +. + +8♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18966), +Marabá +, forest near road, ‘site 1’ ( +5.414°S +, +49.074°W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +7–8.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-237), same data + +. + +3♂ +9♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18967), +Serra Pelada +( +5.931°S +, +49.674°W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, rocky hill, + +9.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-242), same data + +. + +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18968), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 1’ ( +2.847°S +, +54.972°W +), + +180 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +3♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18969), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 2’ ( +2.875°S +, +54.941°W +), + +190 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18970), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 72, ‘site 2’ ( +2.940°S +, +54.933°W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +17.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18971), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 83 ( +3.049°S +, +54.928°W +), + +95 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14–18.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +5♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18972), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 221 ( +4.046°S +, +54.938°W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-276), same data + +. + + + + +Amapá + +: +7♂ +10♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18973), forest SW +Macapá +, ‘site 1’ ( +0.051°S +, +51.136°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +12.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-246), same data + +. 3♂ 2♀, ZFMK (Ar 18974), forest SW Macapá, ‘site 2’ (0.051°S, 51.123°W), +20 m +a.s.l., +12.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). 2♂ 3♀, ZFMK (Ar 18975), forest SW Macapá, ‘site 4’ (0.057°S, 51.234°W), +25 m +a.s.l., +13.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-254), same data + +. + + + + + + +Amazonas + +: +9♂ +11♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18976), Manaus, Reserva Ducke ( +2.932°S +, +59.970°W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5– 6.xi.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-332), same data + +. 9♂ 6♀, ZFMK (Ar 18977), Presidente Figueiredo, Maroaga Cave and surrounding forest (2.050°S, 59.972°W), +110–150 m +a.s.l., +7.xi.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-340), same data + +. 6♂ 7♀, ZFMK (Ar 18978–79), forest near Humaitá, ‘site 2’ (7.563°S, 63.116°W), +65 m +a.s.l., +20–21.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-287), same data + +. 7♂ 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 18980), forest near Humaitá, ‘site 3’ (7.512°S, 63.393°W), +80 m +a.s.l., +22.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♂ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-293), same data + +. 12♂ 9♀, ZFMK (Ar 18981), forest near Tabatinga (4.244°S, 69.92–69.93°W), +90 m +a.s.l., +2–4.xi.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-324), same data + +. + + + + +Rondônia + +: +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18982), +Floresta Nacional do Jamari +, ‘site 1’ ( +9.193°S +, +63.107°W +), + +130 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-294), same data + +. + +3♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18983), +Floresta Nacional do Jamari +, ‘sites 2 & 3’ ( +9.22°S +, +62.93°W +– +9.26°S +, +62.92°W +), + +110 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18984), +Floresta Nacional do Jamari +, ‘sites 4 & 5’ ( +9.193°S +, +63.037°W +– +9.195°S +, +63.082°W +), + +110–150 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Acre + +: +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18985), +Rio Branco +, +Fazenda Experimental Catuaba +( +10.08°S +, +67.625°W +), + +225 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26–27.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18986), same locality at +10.078°S +, +67.619°W +, + +200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18987), +Rio Branco +, +Reserva Florestal Humaitá +( +9.749°S +, +67.666°W +), + +180 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-308), same data. + + + + +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18988), km 102 from +El Dorado +( +6°04’N +, +61°24’W +), ~ + +500 m +a.s.l. + +, near ground, + +2.xii.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. 3♂ 1♀, ZFMK (Ar 18989–90), km 44 from El Dorado (6°25’N, 61°38.5’W), ~ +200 m +a.s.l., near ground, +2.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). + + +GUYANA +: + + +Upper + +Takutu-Upper +Essequibo + + + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (G010), +4.42 km +S Gunn's Strip, bank of +Essequibo +river ( +1.613°N +, +58.638°W +), +240 m +a.s.l., +6–15.vii.1999 +(J.A. Coddington +et al. +). + + + +TRINIDAD AND +TOBAGO + +: + +Trinidad + +: +6♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (G001), Arena Forest [ +10.56°N +, +61.23°W +], +29.vi.2002 +(C.K. Starr, J.N. Sewlal). + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +108 newly examined males: 10.5–18.9 (mean 15.2); in 85 newly examined females: 8.1–13.6 (mean 10.8). Femora +3 in +most males strongly enlarged and of different color than other legs (reddish rather than dark brown to black; +Fig. 78 +); only very small males with barely enlarged femora 3 (e.g., diameters of femora in male with tibia 1 length 16.7: 0.24, 0.24, 0.43, 0.24; in male with tibia 1 length 13.6: 0.19, 0.19, 0.23, 0.19); femora +3 in +males from Maroaga Cave near Presidente Figueiredo not or only slightly lighter than other femora. Most males with spines on metatarsi 2 and 3, rarely only on metatarsi 2, only on metatarsi 3, or without spines (very small males); prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Coloration of males usually similar to females ( +Figs 78, 80 +), abdomen sometimes more reddish but with same pattern of dark internal marks; only in males from Reserva Ducke abdomen strongly reddish with few indistinct darker marks ( +Fig. 79 +). Most females with pair of anterior epigynal humps (cf. Huber 2000: figs 808–809), barely visible or absent in females from Reserva Ducke, Tabatinga, and Catuaba; anterior margin of epigynal plate in females from these localities more rounded than in females from other localities. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in large domed webs with a diameter of up to +50 cm +, usually among buttresses of trees and under large tree logs, but sometimes also under large dead leaves on the ground (e.g., palm leaves; Manaus), or higher among the vegetation (especially juveniles). There seemed to be a locality-specific tendency with respect to the degree of exposure: at some localities the webs were mostly hidden in large sheltered spaces (Marabá, Tapajós, Jamari, Rio Branco), in others, most webs were rather exposed, often with the sun directly reaching the spiders (Belém, Humaitá, Tabatinga). They were also found in the twilight zone of caves, where they occupied the lower spaces up to +1 m +above the ground (Maroaga Cave near Figueiredo; unnamed cave in Serra Pelada). At some localities, the spiders were extremely abundant. When disturbed, they started swinging strongly, moving the entire webs with them. In Arena Forest ( +Trinidad +), Sewlal & Starr (2008) found ~25% of + +M. aurantiacus + +webs containing the nabid bug +Arachnocoris trinitatis +. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in northern South America ( +Fig. 724 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66AFF9A2A9C9BE637F07D1C.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66AFF9A2A9C9BE637F07D1C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..290ac1db7dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66AFF9A2A9C9BE637F07D1C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar spinosus +(González-Sponga, 2005) + + + + + +Figs 102–103 +, +110–114 +, +130–132 + + + + +Rioparaguanus + +spinosus +González-Sponga, 2005: 104 + +, pl. 3, figs 1–9 (♂♀, Venezuela). + +Mesabolivar spinosus +: Huber +et al. +2014a: 418 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most similar known relative ( + +M. cyaneus + +) by wider and shorter procursus (compare +Figs 101 and 103 +), by bulbal process with complex distal structures (compare +Figs 109 and 111 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (epigynum wider; relatively larger internal sclerotized structure, compare +Figs 112, 114 +and Huber 2000: figs 799–800); from + +M. aurantiacus + +also by much wider palpal femur, by absence of ventral process on procursus, and by simple epigynal pocket (not extending anteriorly into long furrow). + + + + + +Type +material. + +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +4♂ +2♀ +2 juvs +types +(see Note below), +MIZA +( +MAGS +1176), Municipio Heres, Río Paragua, base of Cerro Guaiquinima ( +5.800°N +, +63.533°W +), +920–1344 m +a.s.l., +5.ii.1990 +and +21.ii.1990 +(E. Toro, L. Jaspe, M.A. González-Sponga); examined. + + + + +Redescription. Male +(type, see Note below) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.8, carapace width 1.5. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 60 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.65. Leg 1: 56.0 (13.9 + 0.7 + 13.5 + 25.1 + 2.8), tibia 2: 9.2, tibia 3: 7.2, tibia 4: 9.1. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.18, 0.18, 0.29, 0.19. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-orange with dark median line, ocular area light brown; sternum pale ochre-orange, margins brown; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (pale ochre-yellow), without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark internal marks, ventrally with indistinct plate in front of gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus similar to + +M. aurantiacus + +(cf. +Figs 78, 80 +); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With one pair of frontal apophyses close to median line, similar to + +M. aurantiacus + +(cf. Huber 2000: fig. 807) but slightly shorter. + + +PALPS. In general similar to + +M. aurantiacus + +(cf. Huber 2000: figs 805–806) but with much wider palpal femur; coxa and trochanter apparently identical to + +M. aurantiacus + +, femur proximal retrolateral apophysis also as in + +M. aurantiacus + +, but femur distally much wider; procursus as in +Figs 102–103 +, similar + +M. cyaneus + +, without ventral process (in contrast to + +M. aurantiacus + +); bulbal process with complex distal elements ( +Figs 110–111 +). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>40 pseudosegments, distally distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +three other males: 12.4, 14.1, 16.3. Femur +3 in +smallest male barely wider than other femora. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Total body length 3.0, 4.5. Tibiae 1 missing in both females. Epigynum as in +Figs 112–113 +, +130–131 +; anterior plate wider than long, with median pocket, round internal sclerotized structure clearly visible through cuticle. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 114 +, +132 +, with pair of small pore-plates. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Venezuela +only ( +Fig. 725 +). + + +Notes. +In the original description, González-Sponga (2005) mentions 2♂ 2♀ (♂ holotype “1176a”, 1♀ paratype “1176b”, and 1♂ 1♀ paratypes without explicit number). The MIZA collection has two vials, both labeled “1176”, one containing a single male, the other 3♂ 2♀ 2 juvs. While there is no reasonable doubt that this is the type material, it remains unclear why there are more specimens than reported in the original description, and which specimen is the holotype. + + +The separated male does not seem to be the +holotype +. Its tibia 1 is much longer (16.3) than that reported by González-Sponga (2005) for the +holotype +(12.9). Two of the other three males come close to this measurement (12.4, 13.5). The two vials possibly represent the two collecting dates. Since the conspecificity of all these specimens is beyond doubt, the males are here simply all considered “ +types +”. There is no need at this point to treat these specimens as +syntypes +and to select a +lectotype +. + +The total body lengths reported in the original description are clearly wrong (♂ 5.70, ♀ 6.65). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66AFF9B2A9C9FC536997D01.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66AFF9B2A9C9FC536997D01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cdc42a4a4b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66AFF9B2A9C9FC536997D01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar cyaneus +( +Taczanowski, 1874 +) + + + + + +Figs 100–101 +, +108–109 + + + + + + +Pholcus cyaneus + +Taczanowski, 1874 +: 103 + + +, pl. 2, fig. 6 (♂♀, Brazil: Amapá; see Note below). + +Blechroscelis cyanea +: + +Mello-Leitão 1940b +: 175 + + +. + + + + +Blechroscelis rubristernus +Caporiacco, 1947: 22 + +(♂♀, Guyana). Caporiacco 1948: 627, figs 19–21. + +Mesabolivar rubristernus +: Huber 2000: 204 + +, figs 796–800. + + + + +Mesabolivar cyaneus +: Huber 2000: 190 + +. + +Huber & Zhu 2001 +: 152 + +(synonymy of + +M. rubristernus + +). + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from most similar known relative ( + +M. spinosus + +) by more slender and longer procursus (compare +Figs 101 and 103 +), bulbal process distally simpler (compare +Figs 109 and 111 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (epigynum narrower; relatively smaller internal sclerotized structure, compare Huber 2000: figs 799–800 and +Figs 112, 114 +). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +(see Note below): + +Amapá + +: +♂ +lectotype +, +1♂ +paralectotype +, +MIZW +, “Uassa-Guyane française” [Rio Uaça, ~ +4.13°N +, +51.53°W +], leg. K. Yelski, examined ( +Huber & Zhu 2001 +). + + +Note. +Taczanowski (1874) +described the species from “Uassa et de Saint Laurent de Maroni”. +Huber & Zhu (2001) +designated a lectotype from “Uassa”. According to various authors (e.g., +Mlíkovský 2009 +), this locality is now Rio Uaça in the state of Amapá, Brazil. + + + + + + +New +records. + +VENEZUELA +: + +Bolívar + +: +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19650), km 109 from +El Dorado +( +6°01’N +, +61°23.5’W +), ~ + +800 m +a.s.l. + +, domed webs near ground, + +3.xii.2002 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. 1♂, ZFMK (Ar 19651), km 102 from El Dorado (6°04’N, 61°24’W), ~ +500 m +a.s.l., near ground, +2.xii.2002 +(B.A. Huber). + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +four newly examined males: 14.5, 14.9, 16.0, 16.4; in two females: 10.8, 10.9. Tibia 1 L/d in two males: 78, 81; male leg femora 3 of different color (pale yellowish in ethanol rather than brown to black) and much wider than other femora (diameters femora +1–4 in +one male: 0.21, 0.22, 0.41, 0.21). Male palpal trochanter with indistinct ventral hump (not with finger-shaped apophysis as in + +M. aurantiacus + +and + +M. spinosus + +). In most females, the distinctive median sclerotized sac(?) in the internal female genitalia (cf. Huber 2000: fig. 800) is clearly visible through the cuticle. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed, ranging from northeastern +Brazil +( +Amapá +) to eastern +Venezuela +( +Fig. 725 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66BFFA42A9C9B9D32A27DA4.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66BFFA42A9C9B9D32A27DA4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..10fd8558c13 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C66BFFA42A9C9B9D32A27DA4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar tabatinga + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 82–84 +, 115–121, 133–134 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (pair of long frontal apophyses S-shaped in lateral view, Figs 117–118), by details of male palp (Figs 115–116; femur with ventro-distal protrusion, straight procursus with slender tip, bulbal process with bifid tip), by female pedipalp tibiae slightly widened, and by female external and internal genitalia (epigynum with pair of processes and anterior pocket, distinctive shape of pore-plates; Figs 119–121, 133–134). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21507–08), +10♂ +30♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18991–92), forest near Tabatinga ( +4.244°S +, 69.92– +69.93°W +), +90 m +a.s.l., +2–4.xi.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +1♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br16-329), same data as types. + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +ECUADOR +: + +Orellana + +: +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18993–94), +Yasuní Station +[ +0.674°S +, +76.398°W +], botanical trail, night collecting, + +4.xii.2009 + +( +P. Michalik +; PM-EC-068/069). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.0, carapace width 1.35. Distance PME-PME 100 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 90 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.60. Leg 1: 49.4 (11.9 + 0.5 + 11.7 + 22.5 + 2.8), tibia 2: 7.7, tibia 3: 5.6, tibia 4: 7.6; tibia 1 L/d: 98. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.18, 0.19, 0.20, 0.18. + + +FIGURES +1 +15–121. + +Mesabolivar tabatinga + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 18991–92). 115–116. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 117–118. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 119–120. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 121. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5. + + +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-orange, carapace with black median line, light brown mark behind ocular area and slightly darker lateral margins; legs with darker rings subdistally on femora and tibiae, more distinct rings proximally on tibiae, tips of femora and tibiae light; abdomen ochre-gray, with some dark internal marks dorsally on posterior half. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 82 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus and sternum unmodified. + +CHELICERAE. With pair of strongly protruding, S-shaped (in lateral view) frontal apophyses (Figs 117–118). +PALPS. As in Figs 115–116; coxa with conical retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with finger-shaped retrolateral apophysis; femur with retrolateral process proximally and rounded prolateral protrusion set with short hairs, ventro-distally with large rounded protrusion; tarsus with three dorsal processes; procursus straight, with spine-like terminal process slightly bent; genital bulb process distally divided into dorsal semitransparent flap and ventral partly sclerotized element. +LEGS. Densely covered with very short hairs (only metatarsi dorsally with hairs of usual length); without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +seven other males from +type +locality: 9.2–11.7 (mean 10.5). Abdomen color ranges from greenish-gray (with dorsal marks) to orange (without dorsal marks). The two males from +Ecuador +differ slightly in the shape of the cheliceral apophyses (not bent upwards basally) and in the distal spine-like process of the procursus (slightly longer and straight). They are therefore assigned tentatively. + + +Female. +Unusually different from male in coloration and leg length: never orange, carapace ochre-yellow, dark mark behind ocular area and dark rings on legs more distinct than in males, abdomen always greenish-gray with dorsal (and sometimes also lateral) marks ( +Fig. 83 +). Tibia +1 in +30 females +: 4.9–6.3 (mean 5.6). Pedipalp tibiae slightly widened. Epigynum as in Figs 119–120, 133; anterior plate with pair of low processes and deep anterior pocket (continues into heavily sclerotized tube), with dark median furrow between pocket and posterior margin; posterior plate large, medially anteriorly excavated. Internal genitalia as in Figs 121, 134, with distinctively shaped pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found from ground level up to +1 m +above the ground (rarely even higher). On the ground, the webs were mostly hidden under large leaves or in empty nuts where the spiders were resting; higher up in the vegetation or on trees, the webs led into dead curled leaves. When disturbed, the spiders vibrated rapidly and eventually ran away. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Amazonas +state ( +Brazil +) and from specimens assigned tentatively from +Ecuador +( +Fig. 725 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C671FF832A9C992F37D57D4E.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C671FF832A9C992F37D57D4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a12834b21f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C671FF832A9C992F37D57D4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,260 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar +González-Sponga, 1998 + + + + + +Mesabolivari +[sic] González-Sponga, 1998: 27. Type species by original designation: + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +González- Sponga, 1998. + + + + + +Mesabolivar +: Huber 2000: 189 + +. Huber 2015: 5. Machado 2007: 50. + + + +Autana +González-Sponga, 2011b: 40 + +. Type species by original designation: + +A. autanensis +González-Sponga, 2011 + +. Synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 419. + + + +Caruaya +González-Sponga, 2011b: 40 + +. Type species by original designation: + +C. anseriformis +González-Sponga, 2011 + +. Synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 418. + + + +Kaliana +Huber, 2000: 271 + +. Type species by original designation: + +K. yuruani +Huber, 2000 + +. Synonymized in Astrin +et al. +2007: 23. + + + +Rioparaguanus +González-Sponga, 2005: 104. +Type +species by original designation: +R. + +spinosus +González-Sponga, 2005 + +. +Synonymized in Huber +et al. +2014a: 418. + + + + +Teuia +Huber, 2000: 313 + +. Type species by original designation: + +Teuia beckeri +Huber, 2000 + +. +New synonymy +. + + +Justification of synonymy. +The genus + +Teuia + +was originally proposed for a single species ( + +T. beckeri + +) that has a highly unusual procursus (partly wrapped around the bulbal process; Huber 2000: figs +1259–1260 +) but lacks an epigynal pocket (Huber 2000: fig. 1263) and contiguous male cheliceral apophyses (Huber 2000: fig. 1262). The new species + +M. sepitus + +described below shares the distinctive morphology of the procursus and was collected only +130 km +from the type locality of + +Teuia beckeri + +. However, + +M. sepitus + +has an epigynal pocket and contiguous male cheliceral apophyses. Molecular data (Eberle +et al. +, unpublished data; see Appendices 1–2) also support a position of this new species within the Southern clade of + +Mesabolivar + +. + +Teuia + +is thus synonymized with + +Mesabolivar + +, and + +T. beckeri + +is transferred accordingly: + +Mesabolivar beckeri +(Huber, 2000) + +, +comb. n. + + + + +Note, however, that the name + +Teuia + +is an available name in case + +Mesabolivar + +is split (e.g. for the “Southern clade” in Appendices 1-2). Another genus that might be revalidated in such a context is + +Kaliana +Huber, 2000 + +. As indicated above (Introduction), I do not implement such drastic formal changes here for two reasons: (1) current evidence is rather limited as far as taxon sampling and support values are concerned; (2) the gain of such formal changes is dubious if the diagnosability of the resulting genera is not improved. + + +Notes. +For recent updates on generic diagnosis and description, see Huber (2015). Most of the new species described below fit this generic concept that dates back to Huber (2000) and was further developed in Machado (2007). The two key features are (1) an epigynum with median groove or pocket (e.g., +Figs 20 +, +112 +, +223 +), and (2) male cheliceral apophyses with a pair of contiguous frontal apophyses (e.g., +Figs 18 +, 118, 215). Most species that do not fit this concept are part of what is below informally described as the ‘ + +difficilis + +group’. Several species in this group of litter-dwelling species do not share any of the diagnostic characters. However, molecular data consistently place them among + +Mesabolivar + +. The same is true for individual representatives of other species groups proposed below, for example in the + +togatus + +group. In addition, it is now fairly evident that the two key features are shared by certain representatives of the closely related genus + +Carapoia + +(e.g., + +C. lutea + +, + +C. tapajos + +, + +C. maculata + +). In its current scope, a morphological diagnosis that covers all species of + +Mesabolivar + +is probably impossible. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C67BFF952A9C9D76306B7A75.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C67BFF952A9C9D76306B7A75.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7b898591154 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C67BFF952A9C9D76306B7A75.xml @@ -0,0 +1,352 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar maraba + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 3–4 +, +16–17 +, +23–25 +, +39–41 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males are easily distinguished from two most similar known relatives ( + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +, + +M. acrensis + +) by male pedipalp (procursus with distinctively shaped distal element; bulbal process with ventral sclerotized area and bifid dorso-distal flap; +Figs 16–17 +); from most species (except + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +, + +M. acrensis + +, + +M. huambisa + +) also by armature of male chelicerae (identical in shape to those of + +M. acrensis + +, cf. +Figs 18– 19 +; pair of slender apophyses, straight in lateral view), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 23–24 +; large median depression, lateral margins slightly diverging towards anterior, bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes directed slightly towards posterior - epigynum possibly indistinguishable from + +M. acrensis + +, due to variation, see description of + +M. acrensis + +above); from + +M. acrensis + +and other putatively close relatives also by female internal genitalia ( +Figs 25 +, +39 +; elongated pore-plates in transversal position, wider apart than in + +M. huambisa + +) (female of + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +unknown). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21499–21500), +5♂ +6♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18948), Marabá, forest near road, ‘site 1’ ( +5.414°S +, +49.074°W +), +140 m +a.s.l., +7–8.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br16-238), same data as types. + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amapá + +: +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18949), forest +SW Macapá +, ‘site 4’ ( +0.057°S +, +51.234°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +13.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-255), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.7, carapace width 1.2. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 90 µm, distance AME-AME 55 µm, diameter AME 55 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.95/ 0.60. Leg 1: 36.2 (8.8 + 0.5 + 8.8 + 16.1 + 2.0), tibia 2: 6.1, tibia 3: 4.4, tibia 4: 6.3; tibia 1 L/d: 80. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, 0.17, 0.20, 0.18. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with large brown median mark, ocular area also darkened posteriorly laterally; sternum orange; legs ochre, with indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally; subdistal rings barely visible), tips of femora and tibiae whitish; abdomen greenish, with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, without ventral mark. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 3 +; ocular area raised (higher than usual in genus); carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus slightly swollen, with sclerotized margin; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. Identical in shape to + +M. acrensis + +(cf. +Figs 18–19 +), but slightly larger. + + +PALPS. In general as in + +M. acrensis + +(cf. +Figs 13–14 +), but larger (e.g., femur length: 1.14 vs. 0.86); procursus distally clearly different from + +M. acrensis + +( +Fig. 17 +); bulbal process with ventral sclerotized area and bifid dorsodistal flap ( +Fig. 16 +). + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Some males with indistinct dark mark behind gonopore. Tibia +1 in +five other males from +type +locality: 7.1–10.2 (mean 8.7). The single male from +Amapá +has a slightly different procursus tip (slightly larger relative to base of procursus) and is therefore assigned tentatively (cf. female below). Tibia +1 in +this male: 9.6. + + +Female. +In general similar to male but carapace ochre-brown rather than yellow to orange, with larger brown median mark; ocular area slightly lower than in males; dark rings and whitish tips of femora and tibiae more distinct; clypeus less swollen and margin not sclerotized. Tibia +1 in +seven females from +type +locality: 4.1–5.5 (mean 4.7). Epigynum as in +Figs 23–24 +and +40–41 +; anterior plate with large median depression bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes directed slightly towards posterior; posterior plate large, simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 25 +, +39 +, with elongated pore-plates in transversal position and far apart, and distinctive median dark anterior structure. + + +In the three females from +Amapá +, the margins of the median depression are approximately parallel and the conical lateral processes are slightly shorter; they are therefore assigned tentatively (cf. male above). tibia +1 in +two females: 5.7 (both; legs 1 missing in third female). + + +Natural history. +At Marabá, the spiders were mostly found under large palm leaves on the ground. In Macapá, they occupied small cavities in the ground and the spaces under the exposed roots of trees. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Pará +state and from specimens assigned tentatively from +Amapá +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 722 +). + + +Note. +The illustrations in +Machado (2011) +of species “sp. 07” strongly remind of the present species. It is not clear which specimens were used for the illustrations: the +types +from Rio Branco ( +Acre +) or the specimens from Floresta Nacional de Caxiuanã, Melgaço ( +Pará +). The latter locality is approximately between and fairly close to the localities listed above ( +485 km +from the +type +locality Marabá, +190 km +from Macapá), while Rio Branco is more than +2100 km +west and much less likely to have the same species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C67DFF8A2A9C9B2D314C78B1.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C67DFF8A2A9C9B2D314C78B1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..09685bd336a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C67DFF8A2A9C9B2D314C78B1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,544 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Mesabolivar acrensis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 1–2 +, +13–15 +, +18–22 +, +32–38 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males are easily distinguished from most known congeners by shape of procursus ( +Fig. 14 +; distinctively widened and strongly curved distal element; very similar in + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +; compare +Fig. 14 +with figs 5.07–08 in +Machado 2011 +); from two most similar species ( + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +, + +M. maraba + +) also by bulbal process ( +Fig. 15 +; shape of distal structures); from most species (except + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +, + +M. maraba + +, + +M. huambisa + +) also by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 18–19 +; pair of slender apophyses, straight in lateral view), and by shape of epigynum ( +Figs 20–21 +, +32–37 +; large median depression, lateral margins slightly diverging towards anterior, bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes directed slightly towards posterior - epigynum possibly indistinguishable from + +M. maraba +, + +due to variation, see below); from + +M. maraba + +and other putatively close relatives also by female internal genitalia ( +Figs 22 +, +38 +; elongated pore-plates converging towards posterior) (female of + +M. pseudoblechroscelis + +unknown). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is an adjective derived from the +type +locality. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Acre + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21497–98), +2♂ +23♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 18942–43), Rio Branco, Reserva Florestal Humaitá ( +9.749°S +, +67.666°W +), +180 m +a.s.l., +28.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Acre + +: +1 juv. +, together with +paratypes + +; + +1♀ +3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-309), same data as types + +. + +2♂ +17♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18944), +Rio Branco +, +Fazenda Experimental Catuaba +( +10.08°S +, +67.625°W +), + +225 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26–27.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16- 306), same data + +; + +1♂ +8♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18945), +Rio Branco +, +Fazenda Experimental Catuaba +( +10.078°S +, +67.619°W +), + +200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +29.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Acre + +: +3♂ +10♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +18946), +Cruzeiro do Sul +, forest near airport ( +7.596°S +, +72.767°W +), + +200 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +, +E.O. Machado +) + +; + +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-313), same data + +. + + + + +FIGURES 1–12. +Live specimens, + +Mesabolivar pseudoblechroscelis + +group. 1–2. + +M. acrensis + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Rio Branco. 3–4. + +M. maraba + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Marabá. 5–6. + +M. huambisa +Huber, 2000 + +, male from Tabatinga, female from Belém. 7–8. + +M. amazonicus + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Humaitá. 9–10. + +M. jamari + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Jamari. 11–12. + +M. tapajos + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Tapajós. + + + + + +Amazonas + +: +3♂ +2♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 18947), Guajará, forest at Fazenda +Colorado +, ‘site 2’ ( +7.528°S +, +72.655°W +), +210–240 m +a.s.l., +31.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho, E.O. Machado). + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.3, carapace width 1.05. Distance PME-PME 120 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 45 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.80/ 0.55. Leg 1: 30.1 (7.1 + 0.5 + 7.2 + 13.5 + 1.8), tibia 2: 4.7, tibia 3: 3.4, tibia 4: 5.0; tibia 1 L/d: 76. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.14, 0.15, 0.15, 0.15. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with barely visible darker median mark, ocular area also slightly darkened; sternum orange; legs ochre to light brown, with indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally; subdistal rings barely visible), tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish-gray, with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, without ventral mark. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 1 +; ocular area raised (higher than usual in genus); carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus slightly swollen and whitish, with sclerotized margin; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of long, slender apophyses, straight in lateral view ( +Figs 18–19 +). + + + +FIGURES 13–17. + +Mesabolivar acrensis + + +sp. n. + +(13–15, ZFMK Ar 18942) and + +M. maraba + + +sp. n. + +(16–17, ZFMK Ar 18948). 13– 14. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 15–16. Left bulbal processes, prolateral views (arrow points at distinctive sclerotized area). 17. Left procursus, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: b, genital bulb; bp, bulbal process; c, coxa; f, femur; p, procursus, ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter. Scale lines: 0.5 (13–14, 17), 0.3 (15–16). + + + + +FIGURES 18–25. + +Mesabolivar acrensis + + +sp. n. + +(18–22; ZFMK Ar 18942–43) and + +M. maraba + + +sp. n. + +(23–25, ZFMK Ar 18948). 18–19. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 20–21, 23–24. Epigyna, ventral and lateral views. 22, 25. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Abbreviations: ep, epigynal pocket; pp, pore plate; v, ‘valve’. Scale lines: 0.5. + + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 13–14 +; coxa with conical retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with retrolateral apophysis; femur very large, proximally with retrolateral apophysis and prolateral hump set with short hairs; tarsus with small dorsal processes, with one strong and several regular hairs bent towards dorsal ( +Fig. 14 +); procursus distally widened and strongly curved towards dorsal, with large ventro-distal sclerite separated from proximal part by whitish area; bulbal process with distinctive distal structures ( +Fig. 15 +). + +LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs (i.e. short hairs perpendicular to leg segment); retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Males from Cruzeiro do Sul and Guajará appear identical in shape to those from Rio Branco, but the light area of the procursus is transparent rather than whitish and the black ventro-distal sclerite is slightly narrower (but the width of this sclerite is variable even among specimens from Rio Branco). Tibia +1 in +six males from Rio Branco (incl. +holotype +): 6.4–9.2 (mean 7.7); in five males from Cruzeiro do Sul and Guajará: 8.8–10.3 (mean 9.6). + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 2 +) but carapace ochre-brown rather than yellow to orange, with larger brown median mark; ocular area slightly lower than in males; dark rings and whitish tips of femora and tibiae more distinct; clypeus less swollen and margin not sclerotized. Tibia +1 in +44 females +from Rio Branco: 3.5–5.1 (mean 4.3). Epigynum as in +Figs 20–21 +and +32–33 +; anterior plate with large median depression bordered posteriorly by large pocket; pair of conical lateral processes directed slightly towards posterior; posterior plate large, simple. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 22 +, +38 +, with elongated pore-plates converging towards posterior and distinctive median dark anterior structure. + + + +FIGURES 26–31. + +Mesabolivar huambisa +Huber, 2000 + +. Left procursi, retrolateral views, and left bulbal processes, prolateral views; from Samiria (type locality) (26, 29, MUSM), Tabatinga (27, 30, ZFMK Ar 18950), and Belém (28, 31, ZFMK Ar 18951). Arrow points at distinctive screw-shaped sclerite. Scale lines: 0.5 (26–28), 0.3 (29–31). + + + + +FIGURES 32–47. +Female epigyna in ventral and lateral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views, + +Mesabolivar pseudoblechroscelis + +group (part 1). 32–38. + +M. acrensis + + +sp. n. + +, from Rio Branco (32–33, 38, ZFMK Ar 18943), Cruzeiro do Sul (34–37, ZFMK Ar 18946). 39–41. + +M. maraba + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 18948). 42–47. + +M. huambisa +Huber, 2000 + +, from Samiria (42– 43, MUSM), Tabatinga (44–45, ZFMK Ar 18950), and Belém (46–47, ZFMK Ar 18951). + + + +Females from Cruzeiro do Sul and Guajará tend to have slightly longer and more pointed epigynal processes and slightly narrower median depressions; however, this varies even within localities ( +Figs 34–37 +). As in males, females from Cruzeiro do Sul and Guajará tend to have longer legs: tibia +1 in +11 females +: 4.8–5.9 (mean 5.5). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found close to the ground, in webs that were mostly hidden in the leaf litter, under logs, or in small cavities in the ground. A small part of the domed sheet was visible from outside, and turned into a funnel towards the back, where the spider(s) were hiding. When disturbed, they vibrated rapidly with small amplitude or tried to run away. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two localities near Rio Branco and from two localities near Cruzeiro do Sul in +Acre +and +Amazonas +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 722 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E2FF1D2A9C9F8C372C7D89.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E2FF1D2A9C9F8C372C7D89.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d7c1ebb6d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E2FF1D2A9C9F8C372C7D89.xml @@ -0,0 +1,270 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia exigua + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 665–666 +, +677–682 +, +711–712 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from similar known congeners ( + +C. djavani + +, + +C. agilis + +) by shape of procursus in dorsal view (small prolateral branch at tip; +Fig. 679 +), by arrangement of frontal cheliceral apophyses ( +Fig. 680 +), by shape of epigynum (anterior plate trapezoidal, posterior margin projecting medially; +Fig. 681 +), and by female internal genitalia (distinctively shaped pore-plates, diverging sclerites between anterior and posterior plates; +Fig. 682 +). + + + + +FIGURES 665–676. +Live specimens, + +Carapoia agilis + +group and unplaced species. 665–666. + +C. exigua + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Morro de Pedra. 667–669. + +C. djavani + + +sp. n. + +, males from Pedra Talhada and Usina Serra Grande, female from Murici. 670–672. + +C. agilis + + +sp. n. + +, males from Saltinho and near Bonito, female from near Bonito. 673–674. + +C. maculata + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Morro de Pedra. 675–676. + +C. bispina + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from near Bonito. + + + + +FIGURES 677–682. + +Carapoia exigua + + +sp. n. + +(♂: ZFMK Ar 19291; ♀: UFMG 21557). 677–678. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 679. Left procursus, dorsal view. 680. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 681. Epigynum, ventral view. 682. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (677–678), 0.2 (679–682). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the small size of this species (Latin + +exiguus, +exigua + += small); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21556–57) and +1♂ +paratype +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19291), Fazenda Morro de Pedra (12°31.6’–31.8’S, 40°36.1’–36.4’W), +490 m +a.s.l., +14.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +2♀ +3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br15-184), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 1.7, carapace width 0.7. Distance PME-PME 50 µm, diameter PME 65 µm, distance PME-ALE 55 µm, distance AME-AME 10 µm, diameter AME 20 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.50/ 0.35. Leg 1: 9.2 (2.2 + 0.2 + 2.5 + 3.5 + 0.8), tibia 2: 1.3, tibia 3: 0.9, tibia 4: 1.2; tibia 1 L/d: 39. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, 0.17, 0.18, 0.17. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs pale ochre-yellow, with very indistinct darker rings on legs; abdomen pale gray, not yellowish in heart area, slightly darker in front of gonopore, without darker area in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 665 +; ocular area barely raised; carapace with very deep median furrow, carapace humps high; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Fig. 680 +, with two pairs of small frontal apophyses, apparently provided with one modified hair each. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 677–678 +; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally, small dorsal hump, distally widening; procursus proximally arising from widened part of tarsus, very simple, distally with distinctive sclerotized and membranous elements (subdistal prolateral branch; +Fig. 679 +); genital bulb with large mostly membranous process with prolateral pointed sclerite at tip and slender transparent process. + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 9%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~15 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +other male: 2.3. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 666 +). Tibia +1 in +three females: 1.8, 2.0, 2.0. Epigynum as in +Figs 681 +, +711 +; anterior plate simple trapezoidal, weakly protruding; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; without posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 682 +, +712 +, with distinctively shaped pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +Spiders were found running rapidly on the ground. Sometimes they seemed to make small jumps and then they stopped immediately, making them essentially invisible. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Bahia +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 743 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E5FF162A9C9BA6366778B1.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E5FF162A9C9BA6366778B1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cc2790fa109 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E5FF162A9C9BA6366778B1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia suassunai + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 596–598 +, +652–658 +, +663–664 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most similar known species ( + +C. pulchra + +) by shape of epigynum (compare +Figs 655–656 +and +Figs 648–649 +; anterior epigynal plate at posterior margin with pair of processes with whitish tips; pair of large round depressions); also by armature of male chelicerae (compare +Figs 653–654 +and +Figs 646– 647 +; pair of frontal apophyses stronger, closer to median line, pointing more downward) and by slightly longer procursus with shorter dorso-distal apophysis (compare +Figs 651, 652 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named for Ariano Vilar Suassuna ( +1927–2014 +), Brazilian playwright and author. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraíba + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21554–55), and +13♂ +10♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19261–62), Parque Estadual da Mata do Pau Ferro ( +6°57.9’S +, +35°44.9’W +), +600 m +a.s.l., +31.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Paraíba + +: 2 juvs, together with female +paratypes +; +2♂ +4 juvs in pure ethanol, same data as types, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-241) + +. + +3♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19263), +Reserva Biológica de Guaribas +, ‘site 2’ ( +6°44.4’S +, +35°09.6’W +), + +170 m +a.s.l. + +, + +3.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, same data, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-254). + + + + + + +Rio +Grande do Norte + + +: +7♂ +10♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19264–65), +Parque Estadual Mata de Pipa +, outside park boundaries ( +6°13.70’S +, +35°04.01’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +3♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-257), same data + +. + +7♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19266–67), degraded forest along +Maxaranguape River +( +5°29.61’S +, +35°17.09’W +), + +20 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + + + +FIGURES 659–664. +Female epigyna, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. 659–660. + +Carapoia utinga + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19255). 661–662. + +C. pulchra + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19257). 663–664. + +C. suassunai + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19262). + + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.8, carapace width 1.4. Distance PME-PME 160 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 50 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.00/ 0.65. Leg 1: 33.9 (7.9 + 0.6 + 7.9 + 15.4 + 2.1), tibia 2: 4.8, tibia 3: 3.5, tibia 4: 4.3; tibia 1 L/d: 56. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.23, 0.26, 0.28, 0.24. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma ochre-orange, carapace median line darker, dark mark behind ocular area; legs light brown, with indistinct darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally); abdomen pale greenish gray, with few dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with ochre-orange areas in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 596 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of strong frontal apophyses, indistinct lighter area between apophyses and laminae ( +Figs 653–654 +). + + +PALPS. Very similar to + +C. pulchra + +(cf. +Figs 644–645 +), slightly larger; proximal segments indistinguishable; genital bulb apparently also identical (membranous structures difficult to compare); procursus slightly longer, with shorter dorso-distal apophysis ( +Fig. 652 +). + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, with many short spines on all femora (on all sides except dorsally), few spines also proximally on tibiae 1 (pro- and retrolaterally); with curved hairs dorsally especially on tibiae and metatarsi 2–3, few curved hairs also distally on tibiae 1, proximally on metatarsi 1 and 4; with short vertical hairs in two dorsal rows on all tibiae; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 4%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>35 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Largest males with spines on all tibiae, smallest males with almost no spines on legs. Tibia +1 in +27 other males: 5.9–8.5 (mean 7.7). + + +Female. +General body shape and size similar to male but coloration different ( +Figs 597–598 +): ochre-brown rather than orange, carapace with distinct lateral and median brown marks, clypeus and sternum dark brown, legs with distinct dark rings (femora subdistally, tibiae proximally and subdistally, metatarsi proximally), brown marks on abdomen usually more numerous and darker. Legs without spines, with curved hairs usually on metatarsi 1 only, in some females also on tibiae 1 and on metatarsi 2. Tibia +1 in +29 females +: 4.8–6.3 (mean 5.5). Epigynum as in +Figs 655–657 +, +663 +; anterior plate brown, strongly sculptured, with pair of anterior processes similar to + +C. pulchra + +, with additional pair of distinctive processes with whitish tips at posterior margin; indistinct posterior plate with low lateral humps; with small sclerites in membrane between anterior and posterior plates. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 658 +, +664 +, with distinctively curved pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +This species appeared in many ways close to + +C. pulchra + +(see above): it was found in identical webs that transformed into funnels that led into a retreat often formed by a dying or dead leaf; it ranged from close to the ground up to +1 m +and more; males and females were sometimes found to share a retreat. Some females had distinct genital plugs. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in +Paraíba +and +Rio Grande do Norte +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E7FF102A9C9D4B363E7ED8.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E7FF102A9C9D4B363E7ED8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a125f184f32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E7FF102A9C9D4B363E7ED8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1551 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia lutea +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + +comb. n. + + + + +Figs 599–600 + + + + + + +Pholcus luteus + +Keyserling, 1891 +: 171 + + +, pl. 5, figs 117, 117a (♂, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). + + + + + +Litoporus luteus +: + +Moenkhaus 1898 +: 104 + + +(text copied from +Keyserling 1891 +). Mello-Leitão 1918: 93, fig. 2 (text and figure copied from +Keyserling 1891 +). + + + + + +Pholcus imbecillus + +Keyserling, 1891 +: 170 + + +, pl. 5, figs 115, 115a (♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Synonymized with + +Pholcus luteus + +Keyserling, +1891 + +in Huber 2000: 231 + +. + + + + + +Litoporus imbecilis +: + +Moenkhaus 1898 +: 103 + + +(text copied from +Keyserling 1891 +). + + + + +Litoporus imbecillus +: Mello-Leitão 1918: 93 + +, fig. 1 (text and figure copied from +Keyserling 1891 +). + + + + +Litoporus coccineus + +Simon, 1893 +: 480 + + +, fig. 473 (♀, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro). Huber 1997: 587, figs 10a–e, 11a–b. Synonymized with + +Pholcus luteus + +Keyserling, +1891 + +in Huber 2000: 231 + +. + + + + + +Litoporus fulvus + +Moenkhaus, 1898 +: 105 + + +, figs 4, 4a–c (♂, Brazil: São Paulo). Mello-Leitão 1918: 94, figs 3–4 (text and figures copied from +Moenkhaus 1898 +). Synonymized with + +L. imbecillus +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) in + +Roewer 1942 +: 336 + + +. + + + + + +Mesabolivar luteus +: Huber 2000: 230 + +, figs 907–915. de Araujo +et al. +2005: 593. Machado 2007: 95. + +Huber & Rheims 2011 +: 281 + +. Huber 2014: 139. Castanheira +et al. +2016: 13. + + + + + + + +Type +material. + + +Pholcus luteus +Keyserling, 1891 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +3♂ +syntypes +, +BMNH +(1890.7.1 8310– 3), +Micarema +, +Fazenda Sergio Potta de Castro +[ +21.413°S +, +42.196°W +], leg. +E.A. Göldi +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + + + + +Pholcus imbecillus +Keyserling, 1891 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +5♀ +syntypes +, 3 penult + +. + +♂ +, +BMNH +(1890.7.1 8314.20), +Micarema +, +Serra Vermelha +, +Fazenda Sergio Potta de Castro +[ +21.413°S +, +42.196°W +], leg. +E.A. Göldi +, examined ( +Huber +2000). + + + + +Litoporus coccineus +Simon, 1893 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +/ + +Minas Gerais + +(see Notes below): +♂ +lectotype +, +6♂ +paralectotypes +, MNHN [10524; E. Simon collection label: “6918 +coccineus +E.S. Rio! Caraça (Goun)”], no further data, examined (Huber 2000). + + + + +Litoporus fulvus +Moenkhaus, 1898 + +: +BRAZIL +: + +São Paulo + +(see +Notes +below): +3♂ +syntypes +, +MZSP +( +DZ 3030 +), Iguape [ +24.7°S +, +47.55°W +], + +xii.1897 + +, no further data, examined (Huber 2000). + + + +Notes. +Just like + +Carapoia cambridgei + +(see above), this species was also tentatively assigned to + +Mesabolivar +González-Sponga, +1898 + +in a first revision of New World +Pholcidae (Huber 2000) +. The male cheliceral apophyses and the female epigynal pocket suggested an affinity to that genus. On the other hand, the paired sclerites embedded in membrane behind the epigynal plate as well as the membranous dorsal protrusion of the bulb reminded of + +Carapoia +González-Sponga, 1898 + +. Indeed, early molecular data consistently placed this species closer to + +Carapoia + +than to + +Mesabolivar + +(Astrin +et al. +2007, Dimitrov +et al. +2013). Our latest molecular phylogeny of +Pholcidae +(Eberle +et al. +, unpublished data) includes 39 species of + +Carapoia + +and 33 species of + +Mesabolivar + +, and again this species is nested in + +Carapoia + +(Appendices 1–2). Therefore, + +Mesabolivar luteus + +is here formally transferred to + +Carapoia +. + + + + + +This species shows considerable variation, especially with respect to the male chelicerae (see below). After the analysis herein of more than +170 males +from ~25 localities I tend to feel confident about earlier decisions ( +Roewer 1942 +, Huber 2000) to synonymize several names proposed by +Keyserling (1891) +, +Moenkhaus (1898) +, and +Simon (1893) +(see list of synonyms above). However, molecular reanalysis of a large and dense sample of this species would be welcome and might in fact suggest the presence of more than one species. + + +The +type +locality of + +Litoporus fulvus + +was erroneously given as “Iguape, +Rio de Janeiro +” in Huber (2000). Instead, Iguape is located in southern +São Paulo +state ( +24.7°S +, +47.55°W +). + + +In a revision of E. Simon’s +Pholcidae (Huber 1997) +I misread the label accompanying the + +Litoporus coccineus + +types as “Curuça” and the collector as “Gohns[?]”. The actual locality is [Serra do] Caraça and the collector E. Gounelle. This means that Simon joined material from two localities in the type vial: from Rio [de Janeiro], collected by himself (“Rio!”), and from Serra do Caraça (Minas Gerais, 20.1°S, 43.5°W), collected by Gounelle. It is impossible to tell from which of the two localities the lectotype originates. + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Rio de Janeiro + +: +3♂ +3♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19268), +Cachoeiras de Macacu +, +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +(22°24.4’–25.3’S, 42°44.2’–44.3’W), + +140–280 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.ix.2009 + +(B.A. Huber, A. Giupponi) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-100), same locality, + +23–24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19269), same locality at + +140–300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +2♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19270), +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +( +22°24.3’S +, +42°44.1’W +), ~ + +300–400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Giupponi +) + +. + +2♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19271), forest fragment near +Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçú +(~ +22°24’S +, +42°44’W +), ~ + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +) + +. + +5♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19272), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, +44°06.0’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, night, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +3♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19273), +Reserva Ecológica Rio +das +Pedras +( +22°59.5’S +, 44°06.0’–06.8’W), + +50–200 m +a.s.l. + +, day, + +26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +MNRJ +(14321), same data but leg. +A. Giupponi + +. + +5♂ +4♀ +, +MNRJ +(14322), same locality, night, + +25.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +, +A. Kury +) + +. + +3♂ +1♀ +, +MNRJ +(14323), same locality, day, + +26.ix.2009 + +( +A. Giupponi +, +A. Kury +) + +. + +2♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +09-112), same locality, + +25–26.ix.2009 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +9♂ +5♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19274–75), ~ +4 km +NW +Penedo +( +22°24.5’S +, 44°33.0’–33.4’W), forest along river, + +700–770 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14–16.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19276), same data + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-9], same data. +1♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19277), ~ +3.5 km +NW +Paraty +( +23°11.5’S +, +44°43.9’W +), degraded forest, ~ + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +21.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +. + +8♂ +4♀ +3 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19278), +Cachoeira da Pedra Branca +near +Paraty +( +23°11.8’S +, +44°46.0’W +), forest near river, ~ + +230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +3♂ +3♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-24), same data + +. + +6♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19279), +Paraty +, degraded forest near +Morro do Forte +( +23°11.7’S +, +44°42.8’W +), ~ + +10–30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +23.viii.2007 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♀ +3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +07/100-32), same data + +. + +6♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19280), +Santa Maria Madalena +, forest fragment (21°58.9’–59.1’S, 41°57.2’–57.6’W), + +480–590 m +a.s.l. + +, + +30.ix.–1.x.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +1♂ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-70), same data. + + + + + +Espírito Santo + +: +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19281), +Mimoso do Sul +, +Finca Tacutinga +, forest fragment ( +21°01.4’S +, +41°23.4’W +), + +240 m +a.s.l. + +, + +4.x.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +. + +4♂ +3♀ +3 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19282), +Reserva Biológica de Sooretama +, ‘sites 1 & 2’ (19°00’–03’S, 40°06’–09’W), ~ + +80–90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +11-131), same locality, ‘site 2’ ( +19°00.7’S +, +40°06.5’W +), ~ + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.ix.2011 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +A. Pérez-González +) + +. 2♂ 7♀, ZFMK (Ar 19283), Vargem Alta, Fazenda Monte Verde (20°27.6–28.2’S, 40°59.5’–41°00.2’W), +1000–1200 m +a.s.l., +2–3.x.2010 +(B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González). + + + +Minas Gerais + +: +2♂ +(only one palp left of one male) 3 juvs in pure ethanol, ZFMK (G006), Catas Altas, Serra do Caraça [~ +20.09°S +, +43.42°W +], +24–30.iv.2002 +(A.J. Santos) (this is the material sequenced in Astrin +et al. +2006 and 2007 +and used in later molecular phylogenies: Dimitrov +et al. +2013; Eberle +et al. +, unpublished data). + + + + +Bahia + +: +7♂ +in pure ethanol, +UFPI +( +ARA 0280 +), +Maracás +, near + +Sede +da Ferbasa + +( +13°28.3’S +, +40°26.3’W +), + +954 m +a.s.l. + +, + +11–13.iii.2012 + +( +E. Araújo +, +A. Madeiros +). + + + + + +São Paulo + +: +1♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19284), Ubatuba, Fazenda Angelim ( +23°23.6’S +, +45°03.7’W +), + +16–18.xii.2003 + +( +B.A. Huber +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +03/100-9), same data + +. + + + + +Paraná + +: +1♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19285), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest above +Hotel Mata Atlântica +( +25.670°S +, +48.600°W +), ~ + +200–300 m +a.s.l. + +, night collecting, + +12.x.2014 + +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho) + +. + +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-139), +Saint-Hilaire +/ +Lange National Park +, forest along river above +Fazenda Niteroi +( +25.657°S +, +48.601°W +), ~ + +100 m +a.s.l. + +, night collecting, + +11.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19286), +Foz do Iguaçu National Park +(25.63°– +25.69°S +, 54.43°– +54.44°W +), + +200–230 m +a.s.l. + +, + +31.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +3♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19287), +Foz do Iguaçu National Park +, near +Céu Azul +( +25.130°S +, +53.823°W +to +25.149°S +, +53.807°W +), + +620–690 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.xi.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-209), same data. + + + + + +Santa Catarina + +: +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +14-151), +Serra do Itajaí National Park +( +27.058°S +, +49.084°W +), Chuva Trail, + +300 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2014 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +5♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19288), +Itapoá +, +Reserva Volta Velha +( +26°05.8’S +, +48°39.1’W +), + +20 m +a.s.l. + +, + +27–28.ix.2010 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +J. Ricetti +) + +; + +2♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +10-65), same data + +. + + + + +Rio +Grande do Sul + + +: +12♂ +10♀ +4 juvs, ZFMK (Ar 19289), Turvo National Park, near +Salto +do Yucumã ( +27.136°S +, +53.882°W +), +175 m +a.s.l., +28.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); +3♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br14- 195), same data. +3♂ +4♀ +, ZFMK (Ar 19290), Turvo National Park, near western entrance ( +27.244°S +, +53.963°W +), +400 m +a.s.l., +29.x.2014 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); +2♀ +in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br14-203), same data. + + +ARGENTINA +: + +Misiones + +: +2♂ +2♀ +, MACN (Ar 19974 part), “Cataratas” [Parque Nacional Iguazú, waterfall area; +25.678°S +, +54.448°W +], +4.ix.1963 +(collector not given). +6♂ +1♀ +4 juvs, MACN (Ar 19973), same locality, +5.ix.1963 +(Galiano). +2♂ +, MACN (Ar 20016 part), same locality, +13.i.1966 +(Galiano). +22♂ +11♀ +several juvs, MACN (Ar 4350–1, 19946), same locality, +xi.1954 +(Schiapelli, de Carlo). +3♀ +, MACN (Ar 4349), same locality, no date, leg. Schiapelli, de Carlo. +2♂ +, MACN (Ar 19945, 20027), same locality, +24–30.vii.1992 +(M.J. Ramirez). +1♂ +3♀ +, MACN (Ar 20085 part), same locality, +8–15.ii.1995 +(M.J. Ramirez). +2♂ +2♀ +, MACN (Ar 19948), Iguazú, +3.ix.1963 +(collector not given). +1♀ +, MACN (Ar 20082), Parque Nacional Iguazú, waterfall area, Macuco trail, +27.ii.1993 +(M. di Vitteti); +1♂ +, MACN (Ar 20093 part), same data but +viii.1993 +; +1♂ +1♀ +, MACN (Ar 20089), same data but +6.x.1993 +. +1♂ +3♀ +in pure ethanol, ZIMG (28336–37), “PM 0059”, same locality, +24.ii.2012 +(P. Michalik). +2♂ +2♀ +, MACN (Ar 22116–17, 22119), Parque Nacional Iguazú, waterfall area, “sendero Macuco y picadas aledañas” ( +25.679°S +, +54.449°W +), +18–21.i.2005 +(C. Grismado +et al. +). +1♀ +, MACN (Ar 20097 part), Parque Nacional Iguazú, +23–26.x.1995 +(M.J. Ramirez); +2♂ +, MACN (Ar 20063, 20079 part), same data but +vii.1985 +. +2♂ +in pure ethanol, ZIMG (28338–39), “PM 0084–85”, Parque Nacional Iguazú, Apepu, +29.ii.2012 +(P. Michalik). +1♂ +5♀ +2 juvs, MACN (Ar 22112, 22120), Parque Nacional Iguazú, near Garganta del Diablo ( +25.7°S +, +54.45°W +), +19– 20.i.2005 +(C. Grismado +et al. +). +3♀ +, MACN (Ar 22125–26), Parque Provincial Cruce Caballero ( +26°28’S +, +53°58’W +), +13–16.i.2005 +(C. Grismado +et al. +); +3♂ +1♀ +1 juv. +, MACN (Ar 19971 part), Parque Provincial Cruce Caballero, NE +San Pedro +, +27–29.x.1995 +(M. Ramirez). +1♂ +, MACN (Ar 19944), [Parque Nacional Iguazú], Yacuí [ +25°40.8’S +, +54°10.1’W +], +3–9.xii.1972 +(Maury). +1♀ +, MACN (Ar 20096 part), Parque Nacional Iguazú, Palmital, +5 km +W Yacuí [ +25°40’S +, +54°12’W +], +8–15.ii.1995 +(M.J. Ramirez). +5♂ +9♀ +, MACN (Ar 20049 part), Parque Nacional Iguazú, “Ruta 101 y Arroyo Yacuí” [ +25°40.8’S +, +54°10.1’W +], +i.1966 +(Galiano). +2♀ +, MACN (Ar 20045), [Departamento] Manuel Belgrano, +i.1966 +(Galiano). +1♂ +, MACN (Ar 4352), “Pto 17 de Octubre” [Puerto Libertad, +25°55’S +, +54°36’W +, +220 m +], +xi.1954 +(Schiapelli, de Carlo). +1♀ +, MACN (Ar 4348), “Pto 17 de Octubre, km 30”, +1.xi.1950 +(W. Partridge). +4♂ +6♀ +, MACN (Ar 4353), San Antonio [ +26°03’S +, +53°44’W +], +xi.1954 +(Schiapelli, de Carlo). +1♂ +, MACN (Ar 19947), Montecarlo [ +26°34.5’S +, +54°46.1’W +], +i.1966 +(Galiano). +1♀ +2 juvs, MACN (Ar 22122), Parque Provincial +Salto +Encantado ( +27°07’S +, +54°48’W +), trail to +Salto +Escondido, +11–12.i.2005 +(C. Grismado +et al. +). +4♀ +5 juvs, MACN (Ar 22123–4), Parque Provincial +Salto +Encantado, Arroyo Cuña-Pirú, +12.i.2005 +(C. Grismado +et al. +). + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +92 males +: 8.1–11.3 (mean 9.8); in +70 females +: 5.7–7.7 (mean 6.9). Male chelicerae variable in several respects: (1) distal apophyses sometimes clearly visible in lateral view, sometimes barely visible; (2) proximal processes sometimes distinct, either close to median line or halfway between median line and lateral margin, sometimes barely visible (invisible in frontal view, poorly visible in lateral view); (3) low humps between proximal processes and distal apophyses either present or absent. No clear geographic pattern is apparent in this variation. Cheliceral armature mostly consistent within localities. Male leg femora all of approximately same width (~0.18). Most males with spines on femora 3 (Huber 2000: fig. 910), often also on femora 4, rarely also on femora 2, apparently never on femora 1. Some males with curved hairs dorsally on tibiae 1 only, often in high density. Dark mark on female clypeus paired or unpaired. Paired sclerites embedded in membrane behind epigynal plate (Huber 2000: fig. 915) sometimes distinct, sometimes barely visible (poorly sclerotized or hidden by genital plug). Epigynal scape sometimes distinct (expandable or indication of different species?). Female legs never with spines or curved hairs. + + +Natural history. +Together with + +C. viridis +Huber, 2016 + +, this is the only truly leaf-dwelling + +Carapoia + +species known. The two species also share the unusual position on the leaf, i.e. inverted, with the dorsal side of the abdomen facing the underside of the leaf ( +Figs 599–600 +). However, molecular data strongly suggest that the two species are not closely related (Appendices 1–2). + + +In the southern Atlantic + +Forest, +C. lutea + +often appears to be among the most abundant spiders. In a quantitative survey at Pedra Branca State Park, +Rio de Janeiro +, it was by far the most abundant spider species (Castanheira +et al. +2016). + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in southeastern +Brazil +and northeastern +Argentina +( +Fig. 742 +). The MACN has a vial with +2♀ +of this species from “ +Tucuman +, Tupiquen” (Ar 3935). Since this is ~ +1000 km +from the closest record, and since the label also says “bajo piedras” [under rocks], this is very probably a mislabeled vial. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E8FF1B2A9C9CDF372C7BA5.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E8FF1B2A9C9CDF372C7BA5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..912ef5f0c62 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6E8FF1B2A9C9CDF372C7BA5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,226 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia maculata + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 673–674 +, +696–703 +, +718–719 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by armature of male chelicerae (two pairs of long apophyses, one pointed, near laminae, the other with rounded tip, proximally; +Figs 698–699 +) and by shape of epigynum (anterior plate with median pocket, diverging sclerites between anterior and posterior plates; +Figs 702– 703 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the numerous dark marks of this species (Latin +maculatus, -a += spotted); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21562–63), and +2♂ +13♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19298–99), Fazenda Morro de Pedra (12°31.6’–31.8’S, 40°36.1’–36.4’W), +490 m +a.s.l., +14.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Bahia + +: +3♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br15-183), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.4, carapace width 1.0. Distance PME-PME 110 µm, diameter PME 95 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 15 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.77/ 0.50. Leg 1: 23.9 (5.7 + 0.4 + 6.0 + 10.1 + 1.7), tibia 2: 3.2, tibia 3: 2.1, tibia 4: 2.7; tibia 1 L/d: 67. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.17, 0.17, 0.22, 0.16. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow, with three pairs of dark marks along lateral margins, one mark in thoracic furrow, and one pair of dark marks behind ocular area; margins of ocular area and clypeus also dark; sternum pale ochre-yellow with pair of large light brown marks fused posteriorly; legs ochre-yellow, without dark rings; abdomen bluish gray, with darker marks dorsally and laterally, brown mark in front of gonopore, short dark blue mark behind gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 673 +; ocular area raised; carapace with deep median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 698–699 +, with two pairs of long apophyses, one pointed, near laminae, directed towards distal, the other with rounded tip, proximal, projecting towards frontal. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 696–697 +; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with short ventral process; femur with large retrolateral process proximally, small dorsal hump, distally widening; procursus distally with distinctive sclerotized and membranous elements (subdistal prolateral spine, dorsal transparent flap; +Fig. 700 +); genital bulb with sclerotized process near connection to tarsus, prolateral pointed apophysis, and large whitish dorsal protrusion. + + + +FIGURES 696–703. + +Carapoia maculata + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19298–99). 696–697. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 698–699. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 700. Left procursus, dorsal view. 701. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. 702–703. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. Scale lines: 0.5 (696–699), 0.3 (700–703). + + +LEGS. Densely covered with regular short hairs, without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 6%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +two other males: 5.3, 6.2. Marks on sternum not fused in one male; other male with indistinct dark rings subdistally on femora and tibiae. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 674 +), but with distinct dark rings subdistally on femora and tibiae and proximally on tibiae. Tibia +1 in +14 females +: 3.7–4.8 (mean 4.2). Epigynum as in +Figs 702–703 +, +718 +; anterior plate with median pocket on posterior projecting margin, with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane between anterior and posterior plates, simple posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 701 +, +719 +, with large pore-plates divided into many platelets with a few pores each. + + +Natural history. +Field observations revealed several similarities with + +C. pulchra + +and + +C. suassunai + +, but not with members of the + +agilis + +group: the spiders were found from near the ground up to +2 m +above ground level; webs among the vegetation consisted of a domed sheet that transformed into a funnel that led into a retreat, usually a dead leaf. Males and females often shared the retreats; they did not vibrate when disturbed but ran away and eventually jumped off the web. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Bahia +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 743 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6EAFF252A9C9C45379A7805.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6EAFF252A9C9C45379A7805.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce0fca33b8c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6EAFF252A9C9C45379A7805.xml @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia bispina + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 675–676 +, +704–710 +, +717, 720 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from known congeners by details of male pedipalp ( +Figs 704–706 +; tarsus with unique pair of heavy spines; bulbal apophysis with two pointed tips), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Figs 707–708 +; pair of large proximal apophyses, slightly diverging), and by simple epigynum without pocket, with dark internal ‘valve’ visible through cuticle ( +Figs 709 +, +717 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the unique pair of spines on the procursus (Latin +spina += spine, thorn); noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pernambuco + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21564–65), and +2♂ +5♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19300), near Bonito, forest near Cachoeira da Gruta ( +8.547°S +, +35.712°W +), +380 m +a.s.l., +24–25.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pernambuco + +: +1♀ +2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br15-221), same data as type material. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 1.7, carapace width 0.65. Distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 70 µm, distance PME-ALE 35 µm, distance AME-AME 10 µm, diameter AME 20 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.50/ 0.40. Leg 1: 6.8 (1.6 + 0.3 + 1.8 + 2.3 + 0.8), leg 2 missing, tibia 3: 0.7, tibia 4: 1.0; tibia 1 L/d: 30. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, —, 0.17, 0.17. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre, legs without dark or light rings; abdomen dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown areas in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 675 +; ocular area only weakly raised; carapace with high pair of humps separated by distinct median furrow; clypeus strongly protruding but otherwise unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 707–708 +; with pair of large, slightly diverging apophyses proximally. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 704–705 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small ventral process; femur slender, with retrolateral process proximally; tarsus with large process provided with two distinctive spines; procursus with membranous and sclerotized elements distally ( +Fig. 706 +); genital bulb with distinctive apophysis with two tips, with whitish dorsal protrusion. + +LEGS. Densely covered with regular short hairs, without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 21%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~15 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +other male: 1.7 (missing in third male seen); tibia 2/tibia 4 length in other male: 1.0/1.0. + + + +FIGURES 704–710. + +Carapoia bispina + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19300). 704–705. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 706. Left procursus, dorsal view. 707–708. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 709. Epigynum, ventral view. 710. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (704–705, 709–710), 0.2 (706–708). + + + +Female. +In general similar to male but clypeus less protruding. Tibia +1 in +six females: 1.5–1.7 (mean 1.6). Epigynum as in +Figs 709 +, +717 +; anterior epigynal plate simple, weakly curved, dark internal ‘valve’ visible through cuticle (greenish in ethanol); without posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 710 +, +720 +, with pair of roughly triangular pore-plates converging anteriorly. + + +Natural history. +This species was found deep in the leaf litter, in small cavities of the ground rather than on the underside of dead leaves like the syntopic + +C. agilis + +. When disturbed, the spiders tried to hide even deeper rather than to run away. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Pernambuco +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 743 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6ECFF1F2A9C9A6E372A7AC5.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6ECFF1F2A9C9A6E372A7AC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75e2acf6eb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6ECFF1F2A9C9A6E372A7AC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,295 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia djavani + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 667–669 +, +683–688 +, +713–714 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by dorsal process on procursus ( +Figs 684–685 +); from two most similar known species ( + +C. exigua + +, + +C. agilis + +) also by arrangement and sizes of male cheliceral apophyses ( +Fig. 686 +), by shape of epigynum (simple anterior plate, internal dark ‘valve’ visible through cuticle; +Figs 687 +, +713 +), and by distinctively curved large pore-plates ( +Figs 688 +, +714 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Named for Brazilian singer/songwriter Djavan Caetano Viana (born 1949). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Alagoas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21558–59), and +4♂ +11♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19292), Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada (9°14.5’–14.0’S, 36°26.5’–27.2’W), +650–700 m +a.s.l., +20– 21.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Alagoas + +: +2♀ +3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-210), same data as types + +. + +2♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19293), near +Murici +, +Estação Serra do Ouro +( +9°14.49’S +, +35°50.25’W +), + +500 m +a.s.l. + +, + +19.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +2♂ +5♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19294), +Usina Serra Grande +, forest above sugarcane plantations ( +8°58.3’S +, +36°05.7’W +), + +450–550 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22–23.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-213), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 1.9, carapace width 0.77. Distance PME-PME 70 µm, diameter PME 50 µm, distance PME-ALE 50 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 25 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.52/ 0.40. Leg 1: 10.1 (2.3 + 0.3 + 2.4 + 4.2 + 0.9), tibia 2: 1.6, tibia 3: 1.2, tibia 4: 1.4; tibia 1 L/d: 37. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, 0.17, 0.18, 0.16. + + +FIGURES 683–688. + +Carapoia djavani + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19292). 683–684. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 685. Left procursus, dorsal view. 686. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 687. Epigynum, ventral view. 688. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (683–684), 0.2 (685–688). + + +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-yellow, legs without dark rings; abdomen pale gray, with indistinct brown plates in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets, with indistinct yellowish mark in heart area. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 667–668 +; ocular area barely raised; carapace with deep median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With two pairs of small frontal apophyses, each apophysis with one modified (cone-shaped) hair at its tip ( +Fig. 686 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 683–684 +; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small ventral process; femur with retrolatero-ventral process proximally, widening distally; tarsus with prolatero-dorsal process; procursus with distinctive dorsal process and two unique hairs retrolaterally near tip; tip of procursus appears bifid in dorsal view (two dark branches actually connected by transparent membrane; +Fig. 685 +); genital bulb with slender pointed apophysis and large whitish dorsal protrusion. + +LEGS. Densely covered with regular short hairs, without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 12%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~20 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +eight other males: 2.2–2.7 (mean 2.4). Some males with darker marks dorsally and laterally on abdomen. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 669 +) but without yellowish mark in heart area. Tibia +1 in +17 females +: 1.7–2.1 (mean 1.9). Epigynum as in +Figs 687 +, +713 +; very simple anterior brown plate, weakly protruding, internal ‘valve’ visible through cuticle (except in females with genital plugs); with simple and short posterior plate, without diverging sclerites. Internal genitalia with distinctively curved large pore-plates ( +Figs 688 +, +714 +). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in leaf litter and in small cavities of the ground and at the basis of trees. Males and females sometimes shared the tiny webs (approximately +1–2 cm +diameter). When disturbed they ran away quickly. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from three localities in +Alagoas +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 743 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6EEFF192A9C9CA5377A7B92.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6EEFF192A9C9CA5377A7B92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55e5781d0cd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6EEFF192A9C9CA5377A7B92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,310 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia agilis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 670–672 +, +689–695 +, +715–716 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Distinguished from similar known congeners ( + +C. djavani + +, + +C. exigua + +) by details of male pedipalp ( +Figs 689–691 +; long tibia; procursus with subdistal prolateral branch), by armature of male chelicerae ( +Fig. 692 +; distinctive arrangement and sizes of two pairs of small frontal apophyses), by simple epigynum without pocket, with whitish median area at posterior margin of anterior plate ( +Figs 694 +, +715 +), and by internal female genitalia ( +Figs 695 +, +716 +; very large elongated pore-plates, parallel to each other). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the rapid running of this species (Latin + +agilis + += quick, swift); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pernambuco + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21560–61), and +3♂ +10♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19295), near Bonito, forest near Cachoeira da Gruta ( +8.547°S +, +35.712°W +), +380 m +a.s.l., +24–25.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Pernambuco + +: +2♀ +3 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-222), same data as type material + +. + +1♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19296), near +Bonito +, +Alto da Serra +( +8°30.7’S +, +35°34.3’W +), + +750–800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24–25.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +5♂ +9♀ +2 juvs, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19297), +Reserva Biológica de Saltinho +( +8°43.6’S +, +35°10.7’W +), + +50 m +a.s.l. + +, + +26.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15- 230), same data. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.0, carapace width 0.95. Distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 60 µm, distance PME-ALE 50 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 25 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.60/ 0.50. Leg 1: 12.4 (2.8 + 0.3 + 3.0 + 5.2 + 1.1), tibia 2: 1.9, tibia 3: 1.4, tibia 4: 1.7; tibia 1 L/d: 40. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.19, 0.20, 0.20, 0.20. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre, legs without dark rings, tips of tibiae whitish; abdomen pale gray, with large yellowish mark in hear area, light brown plate in front of gonopore, yellowish plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 670–671 +; ocular area barely raised; carapace with deep median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + + +FIGURES 689–695. + +Carapoia agilis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19295). 689–690. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 691. Left procursus, dorsal view. 692. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 693. Cheliceral apophysis with modified hair. 694. Epigynum, ventral view. 695. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (689–692, 694–695), 0.05 (693). + + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Fig. 692 +; with two pairs of small frontal apophyses; proximal pair with one uniquely curved modified hair on each apophysis. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 689–690 +; coxa with large retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small ventral process; femur with retrolatero-ventral process proximally; tibia very long; tarsus with prolatero-dorsal process; procursus weakly curved, with subdistal prolateral branch ( +Fig. 691 +); genital bulb large, with straight pointed apophysis and large, mostly membranous dorsal protrusion. + +LEGS. Densely covered with regular short hairs, without spines and curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 12%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +nine other males: 2.5–3.1 (mean 2.9); abdomen in some specimens with dark bluish internal marks dorsally and laterally. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 672 +) but abdomen without yellowish mark in heart area. Tibia +1 in +19 females +from near Cachoeira da Gruta and Reserva Biológica de Saltinho: 2.2–2.5 (mean 2.3); in female from Alto da Serra: 2.8. Epigynum as in +Figs 694 +, +715 +; anterior epigynal plate simple, semicircular, without pocket and processes, weakly protruding, with distinctive whitish area at posterior margin; posterior plate narrow. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 695 +, +716 +, with pair of large elongated pore-plates lying parallel to each other. + + +Natural history. +This species was abundant in dead bamboo sheaths on the ground at the forest edge and in regular leaf litter in the forest. During about 1 hour of searching of +1m +2 at Cachoeira da Gruta, about eight adult specimens were found, together with several specimens of the syntopic + +C. bispina + +. In contrast to + +C. bispina + +, this species lived higher in the leaf litter and ran rapidly when disturbed. Some females had large genital plugs. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from three localities in +Pernambuco +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 743 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F3FF022A9C9EE537617EBA.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F3FF022A9C9EE537617EBA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..be32c549e21 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F3FF022A9C9EE537617EBA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia kaxinawa + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 582–584 +, +608–615 +, +633–634 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus (straight, with distinctive dorsal rounded process and wide tip, with retrolateral membranous side branch; +Figs 609–611 +), by armature of male chelicerae (pair of frontal apophyses; +Figs 612–613 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (semicircular epigynum with distinctive bipartite internal arc visible through cuticle; large pore-plates consisting of many platelets and distinctive sclerites bordering pore-plates and connected to posterior diverging sclerites; +Figs 614– 615 +, +633–634 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name honors the Kaxinawá, an indigenous people of +Brazil +and +Peru +; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21546–47), and +1♂ +4♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19244–45), Guajará, forest at Fazenda +Colorado +, ‘site 2’ ( +7.528°S +, +72.655°W +), +210–240 m +a.s.l., +31.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho, E.O. Machado). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br16-319), same data as types. + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.8, carapace width 0.85. Distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 80 µm, distance PME-ALE 70 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.55/ 0.35. Leg 1: 33.0 (8.0 + 0.3 + 7.9 + 14.8 + 2.0), tibia 2: 4.6, tibia 3: 3.3, tibia 4: 4.3; tibia 1 L/d: 118. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.08, 0.09, 0.09, 0.09. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with brown median mark with transversal element and marginal brown marks; ocular area, clypeus, and sternum pale ochre-yellow; legs light brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish gray, with internal dark marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with elongate brown mark in front of genital plate, long bluish median mark behind genital plate. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 582–583 +; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 612–613 +, with pair of frontal apophyses. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 608–609 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolatero-ventral process proximally, without dorsal hump; procursus straight, with distinctive dorsal rounded process, sclerotized tip with transparent side branch ( +Figs 610–611 +); genital bulb without apophysis, dorsal protrusion of bulbal process weakly developed, partly covering procursus dorsally, very small ventral transparent process (arrow in +Fig. 608 +). + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>25 pseudosegments, very indistinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +other male: 9.8. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 584 +) but clypeus with brown mark (pair of bands below eye triads connected near rim). Tibia +1 in +four females: 6.7, 7.1, 7.1, 7.7. Epigynum as in +Figs 614 +, +633 +; anterior plate semicircular, weakly protruding, with distinctive bipartite internal arc visible through cuticle; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; narrow indistinct posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 615 +, +634 +, with large pore-plates consisting of many platelets. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were collected from strongly domed webs that were mostly quite exposed among low vegetation, usually approximately +10–20 cm +above ground level. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Amazonas +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F4FF042A9C986637FB7B79.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F4FF042A9C986637FB7B79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..295c8f7d0ab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F4FF042A9C986637FB7B79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,188 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia ocaina +Huber, 2000 + + + + + +Figs 554–556 + + + + + +Carapoia ocaina +Huber, 2000: 242 + +, figs 19–20, 131, 179, 955–961 ( +♂ +♀ +, +Peru +, +Brazil +). Huber 2005: 555, figs 85, 86, 99. Carvalho +et al. +2010: 433. + + + + + +Type +material. + + +PERU + +: + +Loreto + +: +♂ +holotype +, +5♂ +8♀ +paratypes +, +MUSM +, Rio Samiria ( +4°43’S +, +74°18’W +), +21– 28.v.1990 +(D. Silva “& Ernesto”). + + + + +New +record. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +10♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19232), forest near +Tabatinga +( +4.244°S +, 69.92°– +69.93°W +), + +90 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2–4.xi.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-323), same data + +. + + + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +nine newly examined males: 10.4–12.4 (mean 11.1); in two females: 7.7, 8.3. Diameters of femora +1–4 in +large male: 0.29, 0.34, 0.36, 0.32. Most males with pale reddish abdomen (in ethanol; in live orange-red; +Fig. 554 +). Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in strongly domed, rather small webs (diameter about +20 cm +), consistently with a second, flat sheet of silk under the domed main sheet. In the lines above the domed main sheet there were sometimes +Argyrodes +kleptoparasites. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed between Manaus ( +Brazil +) and the Peruvian Andes ( +Fig. 741 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F5FF042A9C9D3E31667F0F.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F5FF042A9C9D3E31667F0F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..531cbd51f9f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F5FF042A9C9D3E31667F0F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,278 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia fowleri +Huber, 2000 + + + + + +Figs 557–560 + + + + + +Carapoia fowleri +Huber, 2000: 243 + +, figs 18, 962–972 ( +♂ +♀ +, +Brazil +, +Guyana +?). Huber 2005: 555, figs 87, 88, 97. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +MCZ +, Cabo Frio Reserve [~ +2.2°S +, +60.0°W +], ~ +80 km +N Manaus, +1989–1992 +(H.G. Fowler). + + + + +New +records. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amazonas + +: +3♂ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19233), +Manaus +, +Reserva Ducke +( +2.932°S +, +59.970°W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5–6.xi.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-333), same data + +. + +3♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19234), +Presidente Figueiredo +, forest near +Maroaga Cave +( +2.050°S +, +59.972°W +), + +110–150 m +a.s.l. + +, + +7.xi.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +); 2 juvs in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-341), same data + +. + + + + + + +Assigned +tentatively. + +BRAZIL +: + +Amapá + +: +6♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19235), forest +SW Macapá +, ‘site 1’ ( +0.051°S +, +51.136°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +12.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-251), same data + +. 1♂, ZFMK (Ar 19236), forest SW Macapá, ‘site 2’ (0.051°S, 51.123°W), +20 m +a.s.l., +12.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +13 newly examined males: 9.9–12.4 (mean 11.1); in six females: 6.4–7.9 (mean 7.3). Diameters femora +1–4 in +large male: 0.24, 0.28, 0.29, 0.27. Most males with curved hairs dorsally on tibiae 1 and 4, sometimes also ventrally on tibiae 1, rarely also on femora 1 and 4. Coloration sexually dimorphic: males with orange prosoma, females with pale ochre prosoma with brown marks ( +Figs 557, 559 +). Prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1. Specimens from +Amapá +assigned tentatively because pattern of modified hairs on male chelicerae differs slightly (group of ~6 hairs proximally, similar to specimens collected by F.O. Cambridge in Santarém, Breves, and along the “Lower Amazon”; see Huber 2000). + + +Natural history. +The spiders were mostly found in strongly domed, relatively small webs (compared to body size and leg length) among low vegetation close to the ground, exposed rather than hidden in sheltered spaces; juveniles were sometimes found at up to +1 m +above ground level. Webs often appeared unusually ‘dirty’, and consistently had a second, flat sheet of silk under the domed main sheet. One female with egg-sac occupied a globular web of only about +6 cm +diameter. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed between Manaus and Belém along the Lower Amazon ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 741 +), possibly also in +Guyana +(see Huber 2000). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F5FF062A9C99E4373C7C35.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F5FF062A9C99E4373C7C35.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c3ab62424b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F5FF062A9C99E4373C7C35.xml @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia tapajos + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 561–563 +, +573–580 +, +631–632 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus (strongly curved, distinctive bifid tip; +Figs 574–577 +), by bulbal processes (slender apophysis with proximal serration, large dorsal protrusion; +Fig. 573 +), by armature of male chelicerae (pair of frontal apophyses near median line close to laminae and pair of low lateral humps more proximally; +Fig. 578 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (semicircular epigynum with distinctive scape-like process carrying pocket; large oval pore-plates consisting of many platelets; +Figs 579– 580 +, +631–632 +). + + + + +FIGURES 573–580. + +Carapoia tapajos + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19237). 573–574. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 575–577. Left procursus, dorsal, prolateral, and retrolateral views. 578. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 579. Epigynum, ventral view. 580. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (573–574, 578–580), 0.2 (575–577). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21542–43), and +3♂ +5♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19237), Floresta Nacional de Tapajós, km 67, ‘site 1’ ( +2.847°S +, +54.972°W +), +180 m +a.s.l., +15.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-262), same data as types + +. + +1♂ +4♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19238), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 2’ ( +2.875°S +, +54.941°W +), + +190 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +). + + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 1.9, carapace width 0.9. Distance PME-PME 60 µm, diameter PME 75 µm, distance PME-ALE 60 µm, distance AME-AME 10 µm, diameter AME 25 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.57/ 0.40. Leg 1: 20.8 (4.6 + 0.3 + 5.0 + 9.5 + 1.4), tibia 2: 3.1, tibia 3: 2.3, tibia 4: 2.7; tibia 1 L/d: 71. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.15, 0.16, 0.16, 0.16. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with brown median band and lateral margins, ocular area only laterally brown; clypeus brown; sternum brown; legs light brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen bluish gray, many internal dark marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with large brown genital plate and brown book lung covers, short median mark behind genital plate. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 561–562 +; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Fig. 578 +, pair of frontal apophyses near median line close to laminae and pair of low humps more proximally. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 573–574 +; coxa with small retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally with small sclerite pointing towards prolateral, small dorsal hump; procursus strongly curved, with distinctive bifid tip ( +Figs 575–577 +); genital bulb with slender apophysis with serrated sclerotized ridge, large mostly membranous dorsal protrusion. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~20 pseudosegments, poorly visible in dissecting microscope. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +four other males: 4.3, 4.7, 5.1, 5.1. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 563 +). Tibia +1 in +ten females: 3.5–3.9 (mean 3.8). Epigynum as in +Figs 579 +, +631 +; anterior plate semicircular, dark brown, weakly protruding, with distinctive mostly membranous scapelike process carrying pocket; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; narrow posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 580 +, +632 +, with large oval pore-plates consisting of many platelets. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were collected from leaf litter and small cavities in the ground. Their small webs usually extended beyond the shelter in which males and females were often found together. When disturbed they vibrated very rapidly and ran away quickly. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 741 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F7FF022A9C9ABC36497805.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F7FF022A9C9ABC36497805.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05b94061492 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F7FF022A9C9ABC36497805.xml @@ -0,0 +1,442 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia tenuis + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 581 +, +601–607 +, +628–630 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus (very slender in lateral view, distinctive bifid tip; +Figs 602–603 +), by bulbal processes (strong apophysis, large dorsal protrusion; +Fig. 601 +), by armature of male chelicerae (pair of strongly curved frontal apophyses; +Figs 604–605 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (trapezoidal epigynum with whitish central area; small elongated pore-plates; +Figs 606–607 +, +628– 630 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the slender abdomen of this species (Latin + +tenuis + += slender); adjective. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21544–45), and +4♂ +3♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19239), Floresta Nacional de Tapajós, km 83 ( +3.049°S +, +54.928°W +), +95 m +a.s.l., +14–18.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-257), same data as types + +. + +4♂ +1♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19240), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 1’ ( +2.847°S +, +54.972°W +), + +180 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-265), same data + +. + +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19241), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 2’ ( +2.875°S +, +54.941°W +), + +190 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♂ +4♀ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19242), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 72, ‘site 2’ ( +2.940°S +, +54.933°W +), + +140 m +a.s.l. + +, + +17.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +4♂ +3♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19243), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 221 ( +4.046°S +, +54.938°W +), + +80 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16- 274), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.8, carapace width 1.5. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 120 µm, distance PME-ALE 100 µm, distance AME-AME 35 µm, diameter AME 30 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.0/ 0.66. Leg 1: 56.5 (14.3 + 0.7 + 12.9 + 26.3 + 2.3), tibia 2: 7.7, tibia 3: 5.7, tibia 4: 7.3; all femora significantly longer than tibiae (e.g., femur 3: 7.7); tibia 1 L/d: 103. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.21, 0.21, 0.24, 0.20. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with brown median band with transversal element and lateral marginal bands, ocular area not dark, clypeus with light brown mark near rim; sternum pale ochre to whitish, labium brown; legs dark brown, without dark rings, tips of femora 1 (only!) and of all tibiae lighter; abdomen pale ochre-brown, many internal dark marks dorsally and laterally arranged in bands, ventrally with long median mark behind gonopore. + +BODY. Habitus similar to + +C. kaxinawa + +(cf. +Figs 582–583 +); ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + + +FIGURES 581–589. +Live specimens, + +Carapoia cambridgei + +group (part 1). 581. + +C. tenuis + + +sp. n. + +, female from Tapajós. 582– 584. + +C. kaxinawa + + +sp. n. + +, males and female from Fazenda Colorado. 585–587. + +C. cambridgei +(Mello-Leitão, 1947) + +, males and female from Marabá. 588–589. + +C. rubra + + +sp. n. + +, male and female from Tapajós. + + + + +FIGURES 590–600. +Live specimens, + +Carapoia cambridgei + +group (part 2). 590–592. + +C. utinga + + +sp. n. + +, males and female from Belém. 593–595. + +C. pulchra + + +sp. n. + +, male and females from Pedra Talhada. 596–598. + +C. suassunai + + +sp. n. + +, male from Mata de Pipa, and females from Guaribas and Pao Ferro. 599–600. + +C. +lutea +(Keyserling, 1891) + +, male from Iguaçú, female with juveniles from Turvo. + + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 604–605 +, with pair of strongly curved frontal apophyses. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 601–602 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small prolatero-ventral process; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally with small sclerite pointing towards prolateral; tibia relatively long; procursus straight, very slender in lateral view, with bifid tip ( +Fig. 603 +); genital bulb very large, with rugose process (arrow in +Fig. 601 +), with strong apophysis, large mostly membranous dorsal protrusion, short transparent ventral process (arrow in +Fig. 602 +). + +LEGS. With many short spines on all femora (all sides except dorsal), few spines also proximally on tibiae 3 (ventrally only); with many curved hairs on tibiae 1 (all sides), few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~35 pseudosegments, quite distinct. + + +FIGURES 601–607. + +Carapoia tenuis + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19239). 601–602. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at rugose process and at transparent ventral process of bulb). 603. Left procursus, dorsal view. 604–605. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 606. Epigynum, ventral view. 607. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (601–602, 604–607), 0.2 (603). + + + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +11 other males: 10.5–12.8 (mean 11.5). Smaller males with leg spines restricted to proximal parts of femora (distally gradually replaced by regular short hairs). + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 581 +) but without leg spines and curved hairs. Tibia +1 in +12 females +: 7.9–9.9 (mean 8.6). Epigynum as in +Figs 606 +, +628 +; anterior plate trapezoidal with whitish central area, weakly protruding in anterior and posterior thirds; diverging sclerites apparently present but poorly developed and barely visible in most specimens; posterior plate barely visible. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 607 +, +630 +, with small elongated pore-plates. + + +Natural history. +The spiders built their domed webs close to the ground (approximately +10–20 cm +above ground level), exposed rather than hidden under leaves or other objects. Some females had large bipartite genital plugs ( +Fig. 629 +). + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several sites in Floresta Nacional de Tapajós in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F8FF0B2A9C9965373C7AC5.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F8FF0B2A9C9965373C7AC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..620b8f59e89 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6F8FF0B2A9C9965373C7AC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia utinga + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 590–592 +, +637–643 +, +659–660 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus (heavily sclerotized rounded tip; +Figs 639–640 +), by armature of male chelicerae (one pair of small frontal apophyses; +Fig. 641 +), and by female internal genitalia (oval pore-plates and distinctive lateral sclerites connected to posterior diverging sclerites; +Figs 643 +, +660 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is derived from the +type +locality; noun in apposition. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21550–51), and +5♂ +7♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19255), Belém, Parque Estadual do Utinga, ‘site 2’ ( +1.433°S +, +48.410°W +), +25 m +a.s.l., +5–6.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +7♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +(Br16-229), same data as types. + + + + + +FIGURES 637–643. + +Carapoia utinga + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19255). 637–638. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 639–640. Left procursus, dorsal and prolateral views. 641. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 642. Epigynum, ventral view. 643. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (637–638), 0.2 (639–640), 0.3 (641–643). + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.8, carapace width 1.2. Distance PME-PME 80 µm, diameter PME 110 µm, distance PME-ALE 80 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.8/ 0.55. Leg 1: 28.0 (6.4 + 0.4 + 6.7 + 12.8 + 1.7), tibia 2: 4.0, tibia 3: 3.0, tibia 4: 3.8; tibia 1 L/d: 74. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.20, 0.23, 0.26, 0.23. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre with brown median band and lateral margins, ocular area only laterally brown; clypeus lower part dark; sternum medially brown, lateral posterior parts light ochre; legs light brown, without dark rings, tips of femora and tibiae lighter; abdomen greenish gray, many internal dark marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with dark brown genital plate, light brown book-lung covers, dark median band behind genital plate, indistinct light brown plate in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Figs 590–591 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Fig. 641 +, with one pair of small frontal apophyses, without modified hairs. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 637–638 +; coxa large relative to other segments, with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally, small dorsal hump; procursus very simple, with heavily sclerotized rounded tip ( +Figs 639–640 +); genital bulb with slender pointed apophysis and large mostly membranous dorsal protrusion. + +LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments, distally distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +five other males: 6.9–7.7 (mean 7.3). + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 592 +). Tibia +1 in +six females: 4.4–5.5 (mean 4.9). Epigynum as in +Figs 642 +, +659 +; anterior plate semicircular, dark brown, weakly protruding; with pair of diverging sclerites in membrane behind anterior plate; barely visible posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 643 +, +660 +, with oval pore-plates and distinctive lateral sclerites connected to posterior diverging sclerites. + + +Natural history. +The spiders were found in the leaf litter, at the basis of trees, and in small cavities of the ground. When disturbed they did not vibrate but ran away. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +type +locality in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) only ( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FAFF142A9C9CA537F77DC1.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FAFF142A9C9CA537F77DC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..86d7024350f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FAFF142A9C9CA537F77DC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia pulchra + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 593–595 +, +644–651 +, +661–662 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from most similar known species ( + +C. suassunai + +) by shape of epigynum (compare +Figs 648–649 +and +Figs 655–656 +; anterior epigynal plate without pair of processes at posterior margin; central depression not divided into two large round depressions); also by armature of male chelicerae (compare +Figs 646– 647 +and +Figs 653–654 +; pair of frontal apophyses thinner, in more lateral position, pointing more forward) and by slightly shorter procursus with longer dorso-distal apophysis (compare +Figs 651, 652 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name is an adjective, Latin + +pulcher, +pulchra + += beautiful. + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Alagoas + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21552–53), and +10♂ +14♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19256–57), Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada (9°14.5’–14.0’S, 36°26.5’–27.2’W), +650–700 m +a.s.l., +20–21.v.2015 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + +Other material examined. +BRAZIL +: + +Alagoas + +: 7 juvs, together with female +paratypes +; +2♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-211) same data as types + +. + +1♂ +1 juv. +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19258), near +Murici +, +Estação Ecológica de Murici +( +9°14.8’S +, +35°50.3’W +), + +350–400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +18.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. + +1♂ +5♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19259), +Usina Serra Grande +, forest above sugarcane plantations ( +8°58.3’S +, +36°05.7’W +), + +450–550 m +a.s.l. + +, + +22– 23.v.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, same data, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-215). + + + + + +Paraíba + +: +3♂ +6♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19260), +Floresta Nacional da Restinga de Cabedelo +, " +Mata do Amém +" ( +7°03.9’S +, +34°51.2’W +), + +30 m +a.s.l. + +, + +2.vi.2015 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +4♀ +1 juv. +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +15-249), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.6, carapace width 1.4. Distance PME-PME 140 µm, diameter PME 130 µm, distance PME-ALE 90 µm, distance AME-AME 20 µm, diameter AME 40 µm. Sternum width/length: 0.90/ 0.60. Leg 1: 37.2 (9.1 + 0.5 + 9.0 + 16.5 + 2.1), tibia 2: 5.5, tibia 3: 3.8, tibia 4: 4.7; tibia 1 L/d: 69. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.21, 0.22, 0.22, 0.21. +COLOR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs ochre-orange, carapace median line darker, legs without dark rings; abdomen pale greenish gray, with few dark internal marks dorsally and laterally, ventrally with ochre-orange areas in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + + +FIGURES 644–650. + +Carapoia pulchra + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19256–57). 644–645. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrow points at transparent ventral process). 646–647. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 648–649. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 650. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (644–645, 648–650), 0.3 (646–647). + + + + +FIGURES 651–658. + +Carapoia pulchra + + +sp. n. + +(651, ZFMK Ar 19256) and + +C. suassunai + + +sp. n. + +(652–658, ZFMK Ar 19261–62). 651–652. Left procursi, retrolateral views (at same scale). 653–654. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 655–657. Epigynum, ventral, lateral, and frontal views. 658. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 (651–654), 0.5 (655– 658). + + + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 593 +; ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. With pair of long slender frontal apophyses and whitish area between apophyses and laminae ( +Figs 646–647 +). + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 644–645 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolateral process proximally, distally slightly widening; tarsus simple, with flat procursus (i.e. narrow in dorsal view), distally with dorsal apophysis and ventral membranous process ( +Fig. 651 +); genital bulb without apophysis, with large conical process mostly membranous, with transparent worm-shaped ventral process (arrow in +Fig. 645 +). + +LEGS. Densely covered with short hairs, with many short spines on first legs only (femora: mostly pro- and retrolaterally, over entire length; tibiae: first half only, only laterally); with curved hairs dorsally on metatarsi 1–3 (proximally) and on tibiae 2–3 (few); with short vertical hairs in two dorsal rows on all tibiae; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>30 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +14 other males: 7.8–9.7 (mean 8.7). + + +Female. +General body shape and size similar to male but coloration different ( +Figs 594–595 +): ochre-brown rather than orange, carapace with distinct lateral and median brown marks, clypeus and sternum dark brown, legs with distinct dark rings (femora subdistally, tibiae proximally and subdistally, metatarsi proximally), brown marks on abdomen usually more numerous and darker. Legs without spines, with curved hairs on legs 1 only, vertical hairs in usual low density. Tibia +1 in +24 females +: 5.1–6.6 (mean 5.9). Epigynum as in +Figs 648–649 +, +661 +; anterior plate brown, strongly sculptured, with pair of anterior processes; without posterior plate, without diverging sclerites. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 650 +, +662 +, with elongated lateral pore-plates diverging posteriorly; with dark median mark between epigynum and spinnerets, and light brown plate in front of spinnerets. + + +Natural history. +This species was partly abundant from near the ground up to approximately +1 m +above ground level. The relatively large domed webs ( +20–30 cm +diameter) usually transformed into a funnel that led to the underside of a leaf, usually a curled brown or partly brown leaf that was either still attached to the vegetation or suspended in its position by silk. The position of the spider reminded of + +C. lutea + +, i.e. the abdomen was bent so that the dorsal side faced upwards against the leaf. In partly brown leaves, the spiders seemed to prefer to sit in the brown parts. Females with egg-sacs were particularly well hidden in strongly curled leaves. By contrast, the pale juveniles were sometimes found on regular green leaves. Males and females were sometimes found close together within a shelter. When disturbed, the spiders vibrated strongly and then jumped off the web. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from several localities in +Alagoas +and +Paraíba +states ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FCFF0C2A9C981C374C7F31.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FCFF0C2A9C981C374C7F31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa41b9dc4e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FCFF0C2A9C981C374C7F31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,321 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia cambridgei +(Mello-Leitão, 1947) + +comb. n. + + + + +Figs 585–587 + + + + + + +Blechroscelis cambridgei + +Mello-Leitão, 1947a +: 160 + + +, fig. 3 (♂♀, Brazil: Pará). + +Mesabolivar cambridgei +: Huber 2000: 228 + +, figs 895–901. + + + +Notes. +In Huber (2000: 191), this species was considered part of a “miscellaneous group [of + +Mesabolivar + +], certainly polyphyletic, whose representatives did not fit convincingly into any other genus”. Machado’s (2007) cladistic analysis suggested inclusion in the genus + +Carapoia + +. Morphological characters supporting this position are the dorsal membranous protrusion of the bulbal process (Huber 2000: fig. 896) and the pair of sclerites embedded in membrane behind the epigynum (Huber 2000: fig. 901). Our recent molecular phylogeny of +Pholcidae +(Eberle +et al. +, unpublished data) strongly supports this view (Appendices 1–2). Therefore, the species is here formally transferred to + +Carapoia + +. + + + + +The +holotype +(erroneously called “ +lectotype +” twice in Huber 2000) originates from Santarém, +Pará +. Our recent collecting effort near Santarém (at Floresta Nacional de Tapajós) did not produce this species. Instead, the material listed below is from ~ +450–700 km +ENE to ESE of Santarém. It seems to differ slightly from the +type +material in the position of the male cheliceral apophyses (slightly more proximal). For this reason, the specimens below are assigned tentatively. The details of the procursus tip seem to be identical to the +holotype +. All newly examined females have a very indistinct median crest posteriorly on the epigynum. This crest is barely visible in ventral view and it is possibly for that reason that it is not shown in Huber 2000: fig. 901 (based on a +paratype +specimen from Monte Alegre collected in 1896). + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +(?—see Huber 2000), +1♀ +paratype +, +BMNH +, Santarem [ +2.43°S +, +54.64°W +], forest, leg. F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, examined (Huber 2000). Further +paratypes +from Monte Alegre [ +2.00°S +, +54.08°W +], Breves [ +1.68°S +, +50.47°W +], and “Lower Amazon” (see Huber 2000). + + + + +New +records + +(specimens assigned tentatively, see above). +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +9♂ +6♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19246), Belém, Parque Estadual do Utinga, ‘site 1’ ( +1.424°S +, +48.429°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +2♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-235), same data + +. + +12♂ +7♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19247–48), +Parque Estadual do Utinga +, ‘site 2’ ( +1.433°S +, +48.410°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +5–6.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16- 230a), same data + +. 6♂ 6♀ 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 19249), Marabá, forest near road, ‘site 1’ (5.414°S, 49.074°W), +140 m +a.s.l., +7–8.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho); + +1♂ +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-236), same data + +. 2♂ 2♀ 1 juv., ZFMK (Ar 19250), Marabá, forest near road, ‘site 2’ (5.360°S, 49.058°W), +120 m +a.s.l., +10–11.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + + + +Amapá + +: +6♂ +5♀ +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19251), forest +SW Macapá +, ‘site 1’ ( +0.051°S +, +51.136°W +), + +25 m +a.s.l. + +, + +12.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +. 2♂, ZFMK (Ar 19252), forest SW Macapá, ‘site 2’ (0.051°S, 51.123°W), +20 m +a.s.l., +12.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + +Description +(amendments; see Huber 2000). Tibia +1 in +33 newly examined males: 10.3–14.8 (mean 12.4); in +22 females +: 7.9–10.7 (mean 9.4). As pointed out previously (Huber 2000), there is variation in male leg hairs. In addition to spines ventrally on all femora, large males tend to have spines also ventrally on tibiae 2 and 3 (or only tibiae 3). Curved hairs (in high density) occur in small and large males but only on tibiae 1. Females do not have spines, but most females have curved hairs, either on both tibiae and metatarsi 1 or only on metatarsi 1. Male (and female) femora all of approximately same width; diameters femora +1–4 in +large male: 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.22. Most specimens with distinctive transversal dark band on carapace behind ocular area (in addition to median band in thoracic furrow). + + +Natural history. +At Belém and Macapá, the domed webs were rather exposed among vegetation, partly even in direct sunlight; in Marabá, they were mostly closer to the ground, sometimes even under large dead leaves on the ground. When disturbed, the spiders vibrated but were easy to catch. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed along the lower Amazon river, +Brazil +( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FDFF092A9C99CB33C07C85.xml b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FDFF092A9C99CB33C07C85.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b951be67cd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C7/160AC713C6FDFF092A9C99CB33C07C85.xml @@ -0,0 +1,318 @@ + + + +The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits + + + +Author + +Huber, Bernhard A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-19 + + +4395 + + +1 + + +1 +178 + + + +journal article +30485 +10.11646/zootaxa.4395.1.1 +8bee84d8-4a01-4e53-8eb3-af176ce1feb9 +1175-5326 +1202519 +B43C234D-45C4-4A6D-9836-8A7524A5B291 + + + + + + + +Carapoia rubra + +sp. n. + + + + +Figs 588–589 +, +616–624 +, +635–636 + + + + +Diagnosis. +Easily distinguished from known congeners by shape of procursus (slender in dorsal view, distinctive bifid tip; +Figs 620–622 +), by armature of male chelicerae (pair of diverging frontal apophyses pointing downward; +Figs 618–619 +), and by female external and internal genitalia (roughly round epigynal plate; indistinct sclerites embedded in membrane behind epigynum, connected anteriorly to distinctive round sclerites; oval pore-plates close together and converging anteriorly; +Figs 623–624 +, +635–636 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the red coloration of this species, especially in adult males (Latin + +ruber, +rubra + += red); adjective. + + + + +FIGURES 616–624. + +Carapoia rubra + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19253). 616–617. Left male palp, prolateral and retrolateral views (arrows point at pointed process and at transparent ventral process of bulb). 618–619. Male chelicerae, lateral and frontal views. 620–622. Left procursus, dorsal, prolateral, and retrolateral views. 623. Epigynum, ventral view. 624. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.5 (616–619, 623–624), 0.2 (620–622). + + + + +FIGURES 625–636. +Female epigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, + +Carapoia paraguaensis + +and + +C. cambridgei + +groups. 625–627. + +C. munduruku + + +sp. n. + +, without and with plug (arrow) (ZFMK Ar 19226). 628–630. + +C. tenuis + + +sp. n. + +, without and with plug (arrow) (ZFMK Ar 19239). 631–632. + +C. tapajos + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19237). 633–634. + +C. kaxinawa + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19245). 635–636. + +C. rubra + + +sp. n. + +(ZFMK Ar 19253). + + + + + +Type +material. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +♂ +holotype +, +1♀ +paratype +, +UFMG +(21548–49), and +12♂ +5♀ +paratypes +, +ZFMK +(Ar 19253), Floresta Nacional de Tapajós, km 67, ‘site 2’ ( +2.875°S +, +54.941°W +), +190 m +a.s.l., +15.x.2016 +(B.A. Huber, L.S. Carvalho). + + + + +Other +material examined. + +BRAZIL +: + +Pará + +: +1♂ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-271), same data as types + +. + +1♂ +2♀ +, +ZFMK +( +Ar +19254), +Floresta Nacional de Tapajós +, km 67, ‘site 1’ ( +2.847°S +, +54.972°W +), + +180 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.x.2016 + +( +B.A. Huber +, +L.S. Carvalho +) + +; + +1♀ +in pure ethanol, +ZFMK +( +Br +16-266), same data + +. + + + + +Description. Male +( +holotype +) + +MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 5.3, carapace width 1.8. Distance PME-PME 130 µm, diameter PME 130 µm, distance PME-ALE 90 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 45 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.1/ 0.7. Leg 1: 73.1 (18.3 + 0.7 + 16.9 + 34.7 + 2.5), tibia 2: 11.1, tibia 3: 7.9, tibia 4: 9.6; all femora significantly longer than tibiae (e.g., femur 3: 10.2); tibia 1 L/d: 113. Femora 1–4 width (at half length): 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.23. +COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace pale ochre-yellow with brown lateral marginal bands, median line, and mark behind ocular area; ocular area and clypeus without dark marks; sternum ochre yellow except orange mark behind light brown labium; legs dark brown, without dark rings, tips of femora 1 and of all tibiae lighter; abdomen ochreyellow, without internal dark marks, ventrally with indistinct median marks in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets. + +BODY. Habitus as in +Fig. 588 +; ocular area slightly raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified. + + +CHELICERAE. As in +Figs 618–619 +, with pair of strong frontal apophyses slightly diverging and pointing straight downward. + + +PALPS. As in +Figs 616–617 +; coxa with retrolateral apophysis; trochanter with small prolatero-ventral process; femur with large retrolatero-ventral process proximally; tibia relatively long; procursus straight, slender in dorsal view, with bifid tip ( +Figs 620–622 +); genital bulb large, with small pointed process (arrow in +Fig. 616 +), long apophysis, large mostly membranous dorsal protrusion, and short transparent ventral process (arrow in +Fig. 617 +). + +LEGS. With many short spines on all femora (all sides except dorsal), few spines also proximally on tibiae 2 and 3 (ventrally only); with many curved hairs dorsally on tibiae 1, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~35 pseudosegments, quite distinct. + +Male +(variation). Tibia +1 in +12 other males: 13.3–17.6 (mean 14.7). Smaller males with leg spines restricted to proximal parts of femora (distally gradually replaced by regular short hairs), without spines on tibiae; abdomen in few (small) males with two pairs of lateral/dorsal bands consisting of dark internal marks, and ventral median band behind gonopore. + + +Female. +In general similar to male ( +Fig. 589 +), with pair of brown marks on clypeus, internal marks on abdomen usually present and distinct; dark band behind epigynum sometimes present. Spines and curved hairs present in some (large) females only. Tibia +1 in +nine females: 9.1–13.7 (mean 11.9). Epigynum as in +Figs 623 +, +635 +; anterior plate roundish, only weakly protruding; ‘diverging’ sclerites present but poorly developed and rather parallel to each other; posterior plate narrow, light brown. Internal genitalia as in +Figs 624 +, +636 +, with oval poreplates close together and converging anteriorly, with distinctive round sclerites connected to ‘diverging’ sclerites. + + +Natural history. +The webs of this species reminded of + +M. aurantiacus + +, but they were more exposed, sometimes even reached by direct sunlight. This made the red spiders (especially the males) extremely well visible against the dark background of the forest floor. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from two neighboring sites in Floresta Nacional de Tapajós in +Pará +state ( +Brazil +) ( +Fig. 742 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/C8/160AC883FC7952A7153882987CDFB167.xml b/data/16/0A/C8/160AC883FC7952A7153882987CDFB167.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7946324f892 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/C8/160AC883FC7952A7153882987CDFB167.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +Les formicides de l'Empire des Indes et de Ceylan. Part IV. Adjonction aux genres Camponotus, Mayr., et Polyrhachis, Shuck. + + + +Author + +Forel, A. + +text + + +Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society + + +1894 + +8 + + +396 +420 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3951/3951.pdf + +journal article +3951 +CA30D2B4-6420-48F9-AB0F-ED616E907611 + + + + +6. +Pr. smythiesii +, +nov. spec. + + + +Delira Dun (Smythies). + + +[[ worker ]] inconnue. + +[[ queen ]]: - L.: 4 a 4, 3 mill. Assez allongee. Tete plus large derriere que devant, avec nn large bord posterieur droit. Thorax un peu plus large que la tete, moins deprime que chez les especes precedentes. Face basale du metanotum extremement courte, presque nulle, mais la face declive est distinctement separee d'elle et tronquee en talus oblique, lisse et luisant (chez toutes les especes precedentes, la face basale a une lougueur fort appreciable; chez la +Pr. longicornis +elle passe par une convexite a la face decuve). Ecaille epaisse, basse et tres inclinee. Abdomen etroit et allonge. + + +Subopaque. Pubescence fine et assez abondante (comme chez la +Pr. longicornis +). Quelques poils dresses fins et assez obliques aux scapes et aux tibias. Abdomen d'un brun fonce, sauf le bord roux jaunatre de ses segments. Pronotum, dessus du mesonotum et dessus de la tete brunatres. Scutellum, tout le reste du corps, pattes et antennes d'un jaune testace a peine un peu roussi ou bruni. Ailes subhyalines; nervures d'un brun jaunatre. + + +[[ male ]]: - L.: 1, 8 mill. Tete rectangulaire arrondie, plus longue que large. Le metanotum ne forme qu'un talus sur lequel ou peut a peine distinguer une face basale de la face declive. Couleur comme chez le +Pr. indica +et le +Pr. taylori +. Ailes comme chez la [[ queen ]]. Le thorax est un peu plus large que la tete (plutot plus etroit chez le +Pr. indica +). Le corps est plus court et plus trapu que chez le +Pr. indica +(au contraire de la [[ queen ]]). Voir tableau et fig. 5, 5 a et 5 b. + + + + +Les +Prenolepis +de l'Inde, sauf la +Pr. longicornis +qui est cosmopolite, se rattachent toutes, ou le voit, par leurs valvules genitales, au type a appendice de la +Pr. vividula +. Ce fait est interessant, car toutes les especes connues de l'Amerique, de l'ile dc Madagascar (excepte la Reunion!), ainsi que l'espece australienne se rapportent au type Pr. obscura-longicornis (voir Forel: Fourmis de Madagascar, clans Grandidier, Vol. XX, Part 2, p. 80 a 05). + + +Je suis oblige de laisser indeterminees plusieurs +Prenolepis +[[ queen ]] et [[ worker ]] de Ceylan et de diverses parties de l'Inde, parce que le [[ male ]] n'a pas ete pris et que jc ne puis suffisamment juger de leur valeur specifique. + + +La +Formica assimilis +de Jerdon parait etre une +Prenolepis +, mais il est alsolument impossible de savoir laquelle. Il en est de meme de la +Paratrechina vagabunda +de Motschulsky. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0A/FC/160AFC893AA59D5416C8E170D6D487C5.xml b/data/16/0A/FC/160AFC893AA59D5416C8E170D6D487C5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..714675fa457 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0A/FC/160AFC893AA59D5416C8E170D6D487C5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Aphis rumicis +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + + +A. Rumicis Lapathi. +Fn. svec. +708. + + + + +Habitat in Rumicibus +Lapathis +dictis. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0B/39/160B394D387C5003946F763CC6FF81F2.xml b/data/16/0B/39/160B394D387C5003946F763CC6FF81F2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57b542502ec --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0B/39/160B394D387C5003946F763CC6FF81F2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +An annotated checklist of grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acridoidea) from Mongolia + + + +Author + +Gankhuyag, Enkhtsetseg +Department of Biology, Teachers College, and Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea + + + +Author + +Dorjsuren, Altanchimeg +Institute of Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 133330, Mongolia & College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010031, China + + + +Author + +Choi, Eun Hwa +Department of Biology, Teachers College, and Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea + + + +Author + +Hwang, Ui Wook +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9735-8716 +Institute for Korean Herb-Bio Convergence Promotion, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea & Institute of Phylogenomics and Evolution, and Department of Biology, Teachers College Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea & School of Industrial Technology Advances, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea & Phylomics Inc., Daegu 41910, South Korea +uwhwang@knu.ac.kr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-03-13 + + +11 + + +96705 +96705 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e96705 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e96705 +1314-2828-11-e96705 +4617927B23675D59913B38550B7D9972 + + + + +Epacromius pulverulenthus (Fischer von Waldheim, 1846) + + + +Native status + +Distribution in the natural zone +: Forest steppe, steppe and desert steppe. + + + +Distribution + +in Mongolia +: Uvs, A.-khang., Bulg., Khent., S.-baat., Do., B.-khong. +Mistshenko (1968) +:494, + +Guenther +(1971) + +:124, +Chogsomzhav (1971) +:86, +Chogsomzhav (1972) +:176, +Chogsomzhav (1989) +:94, +Sergeev (1995) +:251, +Childebaev and Storozhenko (2001) +, +Storozhenko et al. (2015) +:280, +Batnaran et al. (2016) +:38, +Myagmar et al. (2019) +:56, +Sergeev et al. (2020) +:16. + + +Global distribution +: South Korea ( +Storozhenko et al. 2015 +), Tuva, S Europe, S Siberia, S Russian Far East, Kazakhstan, Tien Shan, Kashmir, Mongolia, China ( +Sergeev et al. 2020 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0B/A3/160BA32D8C7458FDA7F6B98739996D13.xml b/data/16/0B/A3/160BA32D8C7458FDA7F6B98739996D13.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1efa74d7cd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0B/A3/160BA32D8C7458FDA7F6B98739996D13.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +An annotated checklist of millipede fauna from Slovakia, with ecological and biogeographic characteristics + + + +Author + +Haľkova, Beata +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7649-0956 +Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Faculty of Science, Kosice, Slovakia +halkova.beata@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Drabova, Martina +Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Faculty of Science, Kosice, Slovakia + + + +Author + +Mock, Andrej +Pavol Jozef Safarik University, Faculty of Science, Kosice, Slovakia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-09-09 + + +9 + + +71495 +71495 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e71495 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e71495 +1314-2828-9-e71495 +142E311FA0BA563085242EE750845802 + + + + +Melogona transsylvanica (Verhoeff, 1897) + + + +Distribution +East Carpathian + + +Notes +A, e + +Reference +: + +Mock and +Tajovsky +(2002) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0C/42/160C420E07EB2D32F50A7777B4F0C1E8.xml b/data/16/0C/42/160C420E07EB2D32F50A7777B4F0C1E8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71478deb14f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0C/42/160C420E07EB2D32F50A7777B4F0C1E8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Iris xiphium +, +spec. nov. + + + + +16. Iris corollis imberbibus, foliis subulato-canaliculatis caule brevioribus. +Hort. ups.17. + + +Iris foliis margine conniventibus, corollis imberbibus. +Hort. cliff.20. + + +Iris caulescens, foliis margine conniventibus, corollis imberbibus. +Roy. lugdb.18. + + +Iris bulbosa latifolia, caule donata. +Bauh. pin. 38. + + +β. Iris bulbosa caeruleo-violacea. +Bauh. pin. 40. + + + + +Habitat in +Hispania +. ♃ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0C/54/160C54837FDDF8BF24EDBBA660645513.xml b/data/16/0C/54/160C54837FDDF8BF24EDBBA660645513.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6ba8ddfaeb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0C/54/160C54837FDDF8BF24EDBBA660645513.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part J) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +599 +607 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Jasminum fruticans +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 7. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Europa australi." RCN: 46. + + + + +Lectotype +(Green in +Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh +23: 382. 1961): Herb. Clifford: 5, + +Jasminum + +3 (BM-000557522) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Jasminum fruticans + +L. + +( +Oleaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0C/AF/160CAF6948425F87B8E104CDF789ACF4.xml b/data/16/0C/AF/160CAF6948425F87B8E104CDF789ACF4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..497f0c5961f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0C/AF/160CAF6948425F87B8E104CDF789ACF4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +A revision of European species of the genus Tetrastichus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) using integrative taxonomy + + + +Author + +Hansson, Christer +The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom & Biological Museum (Entomology), Lund University, Lund, Sweden +christerdennis@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Stefan +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5751-8706 +SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany +schmidt.s@snsb.de + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +2020-12-16 + + +8 + + +59177 +59177 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e59177 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e59177 +1314-2828-8-e59177 +AD70B3AB67634D2885F290988225C5C8 +2BC7CCC36D765F1C87ACBE8025DFD848 + + + + +Tetrastichus clito group + + + +Diagnosis + +Frons with a more or less distinct median longitudinal carina extending from between the toruli to near the median ocellus, the sutures which define the scrobal area laterally tend to diverge ventrally, away from the median carina (Fig. +3 +b +); hind coxae usually finely reticulate on the externo-dorsal surface (Fig. +3 +d +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0C/C7/160CC7F5D7202D6E3655D4CC85C0EFBE.xml b/data/16/0C/C7/160CC7F5D7202D6E3655D4CC85C0EFBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0276f9913ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0C/C7/160CC7F5D7202D6E3655D4CC85C0EFBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Additions to the knowledge of the land snails of Sabah (Malaysia, Borneo), including 48 new species + + + +Author + +Vermeulen, Jaap J. + + + +Author + +Liew, Thor-Seng + + + +Author + +Schilthuizen, Menno + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +531 + + +1 +139 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.531.6097 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.531.6097 +1313-2970-531-1 +C845838EC9124BD8AB4E07980F91959E + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Stylommatophora Trochomorphidae + + + + +Trochomorpha rhysa Tillier & Bouchet, 1988 +Figure 79 + + + + + +Trochomorpha +rhysa + +Tillier & Bouchet, 1988: 257. Type from Malaysia, Sabah, Mount Kinabalu. + + + +Examined material from Sabah. + +West Coast Province. Kinabalu N.P., Summit trail between 2526 and 3200 m (leg. T.S. Liew, BOR/MOL 3979, V 14493; leg. K. Kittel,V 4806); near Laban Rata (leg. M. Schilthuizen & P. Koomen, BOR/MOL 2783); Mesilau trail between 2404 and 2680 m (leg. T.S. Liew, BOR/MOL 3983, BOR/MOL 3977, BOR/MOL 3981, BOR/MOL 3978); Kiau-Spurs trail 2688 and 2944 m (leg. T.S. Liew, J. Lapidin & Safrie, BOR/MOL 4403, BOR/MOL 3980); +Kotal's +route at 2992 m (leg. T.S. Liew, J. Lapidin, Safrie & Jasilin, BOR/MOL 3982); Sayap-Nunuhon trail between 2480 and 2640 m (leg. T.S. Liew, Dominik, J. Lapidin & Jasilin, BOR/MOL 3984, BOR/MOL 3986, BOR/MOL 4401). + + + +Description. +Shell rather small, rather thin, about opaque, (pale) yellowish brown to pale greenish brown, moderately low-conical with approx. flat sides; apex not protruding. Surface with a silky luster above the periphery, shiny below. Whorls somewhat convex, outer whorls slightly shouldered; suture impressed, coinciding with the periphery; last whorl distinctly angular but not or hardly compressed at the periphery, rounded below the periphery. Protoconch 2 1/8-2 1/4 whorls, with dense radial riblets except at the apex; transition to teleoconch sculpture abrupt. Teleoconch. Radial sculpture: above the periphery rather densely placed, more or less regularly spaced riblets, slightly more irregular on the last whorl and fading towards the aperture; below the periphery growth lines only. Spiral sculpture: last whorl with a peripheral thread; start of fifth whorl with 14-19 fine, rather low and wide spiral threads or more or less equal strength, forming nodes over the radial sculpture (less distinctly so on the earlier teleoconch whorls), threads on the last whorl dissolving in rows of granules; no spiral sculpture below the periphery. Umbilicus closed. Peristome moderately thickened and reflexed, more distinctly so on the columellar side. Dimensions: Height 6.0-6.8 mm; width 10-12 mm, h/w 0.57-0.62; diameters of the first 4 whorls 1.4-1.5 mm, 2.3-2.5 mm, 3.7-4.0 mm, 5.5-6 mm respectively; number of whorls 5 3/4-6, height aperture 3.0-3.8 mm; width aperture 5-6 mm. + + +Figure 79-81. 79 +Trochomorpha rhysa +Tillier & Bouchet, 1988. 79A Frontal view, shell 5.8 mm high 79B Umbilical view (Malaysia, Sabah, West Coast Province, Kinabalu N.P., Paka Cave, V 4806) 80 +Trochomorpha haptoderma +sp. n. 80A Frontal view, shell 10.0 mm high 80B Umbilical view (Malaysia, Sabah, West Coast Province, Kinabalu N.P., near Summit trail, BOR/MOL 6046, holotype) 81 +Trochomorpha thelecoryphe +sp. n. 81A Frontal view, shell 5.5 mm high 81B Umbilical view (Malaysia, Sabah, West Coast Province, Kinabalu N.P., near Summit trail, BOR/MOL 6047, holotype). + + + + +Habitat in Sabah and distribution. +Montane and sub-alpine forest on sandstone and granodiorite bedrock, 2400-3300 m alt. Sabah: Mount Kinabalu only. Endemic to Sabah. + + +Cross diagnosis. + +See under +Trochomorpha haptoderma +and +Trochomorpha thelecoryphe +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0D/3B/160D3B7AD479A9A817B6BCACF31A7C43.xml b/data/16/0D/3B/160D3B7AD479A9A817B6BCACF31A7C43.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db8ce38d50d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0D/3B/160D3B7AD479A9A817B6BCACF31A7C43.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +A checklist of the Ukrainian Xoridinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) + + + +Author + +Varga, Oleksandr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4832 +4832 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4832 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4832 +1314-2828--4832 + + + + +Odontocolon dentipes (Gmelin, 1790) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +M. Nesterov +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Kiyv Region; locality: +Belitchi +; Identification: identifiedBy: +O. Varga +; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +06/01/2006 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Paramonov +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Kiyv Region; locality: +Kiyv +; Identification: identifiedBy: +O. Varga +; dateIdentified: 2013; Event: samplingProtocol: +sweeping +; eventDate: +03/21/1924 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +O. Varga +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Ukraine +; stateProvince: Transcarpathian Region; county: Rakhiv District; locality: +Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Chornogora, slopes of m. Sheshul +; verbatimElevation: +1450 m +; verbatimCoordinates: +48°09'25.05"N +, +24°20'59.53"E +; Identification: identifiedBy: +O. Varga +; dateIdentified: 2014; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2014-06-05 +/29 + + + + +Distribution + +Palaearctic ( +Yu et al. 2012 +); Ukraine (Fig. 3): Ivano-Frankivsk Region ( +Varga 2014a +), Kiyv and Transcarpathian Regions. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0D/A2/160DA229C741FF543D5CF3C4767F43E6.xml b/data/16/0D/A2/160DA229C741FF543D5CF3C4767F43E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d4324d7bf11 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0D/A2/160DA229C741FF543D5CF3C4767F43E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Checklist of Serengeti Ecosystem Grasses + + + +Author + +Williams, Emma Victoria + + + +Author + +Elia Ntandu, John + + + +Author + +Ficinski, Pawel + + + +Author + +Vorontsova, Maria + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8286 +8286 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8286 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8286 +1314-2828--8286 + + + + +Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +669 +; recordNumber: 658; recordedBy: +Ellemann, L +; Taxon: scientificName: Pennisetumpolystachion (L.) Schult.; kingdom: Plantae; family: Poaceae; genus: Pennisetum; specificEpithet: polystachion; scientificNameAuthorship: (L.) Schult.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Tanzania +; stateProvince: Arusha; county: Ngorongoro; locality: +Ololgumi +; verbatimLocality: Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Ololgumi, along Kakesio river, a seasonal river.; minimumElevationInMeters: 1600; decimalLatitude: +-3.333 +; decimalLongitude: +35.033 +; Event: eventDate: +1993-06-15 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +AAU +; collectionCode: +Herbarium +; ownerInstitutionCode: AAU; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +Widespread + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0D/E1/160DE1D6EB3BA7DBC8EBDCD5ACA2E161.xml b/data/16/0D/E1/160DE1D6EB3BA7DBC8EBDCD5ACA2E161.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..205d2fa37a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0D/E1/160DE1D6EB3BA7DBC8EBDCD5ACA2E161.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +# Plagiolepis schmitzii Forel, 1895 + + + + +barbara +Santschi, 1911 + + +crosi +Santschi, 1920 + + +madeirensis +Emery, 1921 + + + +Notes +Two nests persisted on the Isle of Wight from 2007-2008 (BB, pers. obs., specimens in NHM, BB coll. and B. Seifert coll.) but appear to have died out since. A native of the Azores and Madeira. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0E/08/160E08E150F6B5E6A5C1A0E0FBFAB4B0.xml b/data/16/0E/08/160E08E150F6B5E6A5C1A0E0FBFAB4B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d34a59d3dc3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0E/08/160E08E150F6B5E6A5C1A0E0FBFAB4B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ + + + +New species of Indocloeon Mueller-Liebenau from South-East Asia (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) + + + +Author + +Kaltenbach, Thomas + + + +Author + +Gattolliat, Jean-Luc + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +723 + + +43 +60 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.723.20578 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.723.20578 +1313-2970-723-43 +A0ACADAC574B495882E3D9612547B8CC +A0ACADAC574B495882E3D9612547B8CC + + + + +Indocloeon spathasetis +sp. n. +Figures 1a, 2, 3, 6 +a-c + + + +Diagnosis. +Larva. Following combination of characters: A) middle length of antenna with conspicuous large spines at outer lateral margin (Fig. 3a, b); B) labrum with submarginal dorsal arc of setae composed of a medium apically pointed seta plus eight medium, clearly spatulate and apically pointed setae (Fig. 2a, b); C) distomedial protuberance at segment II of labial palp well developed, triangular, apically slightly rounded with partly flattened margin (Fig. 2i); D) claw with two rows of denticles, each with two larger denticles apically and many small denticles basally (Fig. 3h). + + +Description. +Larva (Figs 1a, 2, 3). Body length 3.7 mm; antenna: approximately twice as long as head length. +Colouration. Head, thorax and abdomen dorsally brown (Fig. 1a). Head and thorax dorsally with bright longitudinal line, forewing pads with bright striation, tergum X light brown. Thorax and abdomen ventrally brown. Legs colourless with a distomedial brown area on femur, medial on tibia and proximal on tarsus. Caudal filaments light brown. + + +Figure 1. Habitus, larvae: a +Indocloeon spathasetis +sp. n., dorsal view b +Indocloeon timorense +sp. n., dorsal view c +Indocloeon timorense +sp. n., ventral view. + + +Antenna (Fig. 3a, b) with scape and pedicel subcylindrical; flagellum with long spines on apex of each segment and with scales. Middle part of flagellum with very large and long spines on apex of a few segments at outer lateral margin. + +Labrum (Fig. 2a). Rectangular, length 0.7 +x +maximum width. Distal margin with medial emargination and small process. Dorsally with medium, fine, simple setae scattered over surface; submarginal dorsal arc of setae composed of one medium, apically pointed central seta plus eight medium, spatulate, apically pointed setae. Ventrally with submarginal row of setae composed of lateral and partly anterolateral feathery setae and medial as well as partly anterolateral simple setae; short, spine-like setae near lateral and anterolateral margin. + + + +Figure 2. +Indocloeon spathasetis +sp. n., larva morphology: a Labrum b Seta of the labrum dorsal submarginal arc c Right mandible d Right prostheca e Hypopharynx f Left mandible g Left prostheca h Maxilla i Labium. + + + +Right mandible (Fig. 2c, d). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 4 + 3 denticles respectively. Inner margin of innermost denticle with a row of thin setae. +Prostheca +robust, apically denticulate (Fig. 2d). Margin between prostheca and mola straight, tuft of setae present. Tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola absent. Tuft of setae at apex of mola present. + + +Left +mandible (Fig. 2f, g). Incisors fused. Outer and inner sets of denticles with 3 + 4 denticles respectively. Prostheca robust, apically denticulate, with comb-shape structure (Fig. 2g). Margin between prostheca and mola straight, with minute denticles towards subtriangular process. Tuft of setae between prostheca and mola small and directed proximally. Tuft of spine-like setae at base of mola absent. Subtriangular process wide, slightly above level of area between prostheca and mola. Denticles of mola apically constricted. Tuft of setae at apex of mola absent. + +Both mandibles with lateral margins almost straight. Basal half with fine, simple setae scattered over dorsal surface. +Hypopharynx (Fig. 2e). Lingua shorter than superlingua. Lingua longer than broad. Medial tuft of setae present; distal half laterally expanded. Superlingua apical margin rounded; lateral margin rounded; simple setae scattered over lateral and distal margin, finer and longer at distal margin. + +Maxilla (Fig. 2h). With two simple, robust apical setae under crown. Inner dorsal row of setae with three denti-setae, distal denti-seta teeth-like, middle and proximal denti-setae slender and pectinate. Medially with one spine-like seta and five long, simple setae. Maxillary palp 1.5 +x +as long as length of galea-lacinia; three segmented, segment II and III nearly fused; setae on maxillary palp fine, simple, scattered over surface of segment III, especially at apex. Palp segment II 0.7 +x +length of segment I. Palp segment III 1.3 +x +length of segment II. Apex of last segment conical. + + +Labium (Fig. 2i). Glossa basally broad, narrowing toward apex, slightly shorter than paraglossa. Inner margin with 12 long, simple setae. Apex with four long, robust, pectinate setae. Outer margin with nine long, simple setae. Ventral surface with long, fine, simple, scattered setae. Paraglossa sub-rectangular, apex obliquely truncate and slightly rounded. Apex with three rows of robust, pectinate setae. Outer margin with row of seven long, spine-like setae. Dorsally with row of five long, simple setae. Ventrally with five long, simple setae near inner margin. Labial palp with segment I 0.7 +x +length of segments II and III combined. Segment I covered with micropores and with tiny, robust, simple setae along outer margin. Segment II with triangular, apically slightly rounded distomedial protuberance; distomedial protuberance 0.5 +x +width of base of segment III; inner margin with short, fine, simple setae, more abundant at apex; outer margin with short, fine, simple setae; dorsally with row of six long, simple setae. Segment III subquadrangular, asymmetrical; length 0.8 +x +width; covered with long, simple setae and short, fine, simple setae, apically more dense. + +Hind wing pads absent. + +Foreleg (Fig. 3f, g, h). Ratio of foreleg 1.5:1.0:1.0:0.4. Fore femur. Length approximately 4 +x +maximum width. Dorsally with row of eight curved, spine-like, short setae on margin and a row of seven stout and somewhat spatulate setae near margin; length of setae 0.2 +x +maximum width of femur. Apex rounded; with two long, curved, spine-like setae. Ventrally with about 14 bipectinate, stout setae, predominantly arranged in one row. Tibia. Dorsally bare except one long, spine-like, curved seta near apex. Ventrally with bipectinate, stout setae on margin and close to margin, apical setae very long (pectination in lateral view difficult to see). Tibio-patellar suture absent. +Tarsus +. Dorsally bare. Ventrally with many bipectinate, stout setae on margin and close to margin (pectination in lateral view difficult to see). Tarsal claw with two rows of many minute denticles and two large apical denticles; subapical setae absent. + + + +Figure 3. +Indocloeon spathasetis +sp. n., larva morphology: a Left antenna, proximal part b Left antenna, detail of middle segments c Tergum IV d Paraproct e Gill VI f Foreleg g Foreleg, bipectinate seta h Fore tarsal claw. + + +Terga (Fig. 3c). Surface with abundant scales or scale-bases and micropores. Posterior margin with row of irregular triangular or pentagonal spines. +Gills (Fig. 3e). On segments I - VII. Margin smooth. Tracheae restricted to main trunk. Gill I as long as length of segment II; lanceolate. Gill VII about 2/3 length of segment VIII; oblong. +Paraproct (Fig. 3d). With 12 marginal stout spines, laterally smaller. Surface with scale bases, micropores and a few short, fine, simple setae. Postero-lateral extension (cercotractor) with small marginal spines. + + +Etymology. +Refers to the noticeable spatulate submarginal dorsal setae of the labrum. + + +Distribution. +Only known from Brunei, but presence in other regions of Borneo such as Sarawak and Sabah (Malaysia) is possible as their fauna remains poorly known. + + +Biological aspects. +The specimens were collected in lowland tropical rainforest at an altitude of about 100 m a.s.l., directly at the confluence of small tributaries with large rivers (Belalong, Temburong) as well as in upstream pools of these tributaries (Fig. 6a, b, c). Substrates were predominantly characterised by cobbles and gravel. + + +Type-material. + +Holotype. Larva (on slide, GBIFCH 00280816), Brunei, Temburong District, Ulu Temburong National Park, +4°32.77'N +, +115°09.52'E +, May 2014, leg. Kate Baker. Paratypes. Brunei, Temburong District, Ulu Temburong National Park, May 2014, leg. Kate Baker: larva (on slide, GBIFCH 00280817), +4°32.77'N +, +115°09.52'E +; two larvae (one on slide, GBIFCH 00465131; one in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515214), +4°33.67'N +, +115°08.87'E +; two larvae (one on slide, GBIFCH 00465130; one in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515213), +4°33.64'N +, +115°09.07'E +; larva (on slide, GBIFCH 00465132), +4°33.39'N +, +115°10.03'E +; larva (on slide, GBIFCH 00465133), +4°33.21'N +, +115°09.31'E +; two larvae (one on slide, GBIFCH 00465134; one in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515215), +4°32.87'N +, +115°09.47'E +. All material deposited in the Museum of Zoology Lausanne (MZL). + + + +Additional material. + +Five larvae (in alcohol, GBIFCH 00515216). Brunei, Temburong District, Ulu Temburong National Park, near Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, tributary to Temburong river, +4°33.21'N +, +115°09.31'E +, May 2014, leg. Kate Baker. Deposited in the Museum of Zoology Lausanne (MZL). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0E/F4/160EF44F823C80A918341B0C5BAF7154.xml b/data/16/0E/F4/160EF44F823C80A918341B0C5BAF7154.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c35b73daefa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0E/F4/160EF44F823C80A918341B0C5BAF7154.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828--1168 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 + + + + +Tenthredo olivacea Klug, 1817 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0F/14/160F149C926E4193F86877BCF7B25DEE.xml b/data/16/0F/14/160F149C926E4193F86877BCF7B25DEE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..570872e8635 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0F/14/160F149C926E4193F86877BCF7B25DEE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +Some taxonomic notes on the genus Oberea Dejean, 1835 from Asia (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) + + + +Author + +Li, Zhu + + + +Author + +Cuccodoro, Giulio + + + +Author + +Chen, Li + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +647 + + +121 +136 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.647.11120 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.647.11120 +1313-2970-647-121 +641FF4A210CE4B2A850BAB3C3ADA5909 + + + + +Oberea brevithorax Gressitt, 1936 +Fig. 9 + + + + +Oberea brevithorax +Gressitt, 1936: 108. Type locality: China, Taiwan. + + +Oberea brevithorax inepta +Gressitt, 1939b: 122. Type locality: China, Fujian. + + +Oberea binotaticollis v. brevithorax +: +Breuning 1962 +: 193. + + +Oberea binotaticollis v. inepta +: +Breuning 1962 +: 193. + + +Oberea brevithorax +: +Kurihara and Ohbayashi 2007 +: 211. + + + +Type material examined. + +Oberea brevithorax inepta +Gressitt: Holotype, ♂, Cha Shan, Kien-ning District, Fukien Province, SE. China, VI. 22-28. 1933. D. C. Ngu coll. (SYSU). + + + +Additional material examined. + +China, Zhejiang: 1♂, Zhejiang province, +Lin'an +city, West Tianmushan, Dajingwu, +30°22'18.86"N +, +119°26'03.81"E +, 828m, 9-11. VII.2012, leg. Jianyue Qiu and Hao Xu (SWU); Vietnam, 1♂, Chapa, Tonkin, J. Clemont coll. (MHNG); 1 ♂, Chapa, Tonkin (MHNG). + + + +Distribution. +China (Fujian, Hainan, Zhejiang, Taiwan); Vietnam (new record). + + +Remarks. + +Oberea brevithorax +was first described as a valid species by Gressitt in 1936 but was downgraded as a variety of +Oberea binotaticollis +Pic, 1915 by Breuning in his revision. +Kurihara and Ohbayashi (2007) +compared them and confirmed that they were two different species, easily distinguished from each other by different body proportions, antennal lengths, and male genitalia. The species was only recorded in China but recently, some specimens collected in Tonkin, Vietnam, were found in MHNG, and they are a new record to Vietnam. + + + +Figure 9. Habitus of +Oberea brevithorax +Gressitt, 1936, male, from Tonkin, a dorsal view b lateral view. Scale bar 5.0 mm. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0F/50/160F50414B32B0210D605913A4A69CB2.xml b/data/16/0F/50/160F50414B32B0210D605913A4A69CB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d0b52760762 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0F/50/160F50414B32B0210D605913A4A69CB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ + + + +Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region - an expert opinion list + + + +Author + +Wesselingh, Frank +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Poorten, Jan Johan ter +Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kijashko, Pavel +Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Albrecht, Christian +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Anistratenko, Olga Yu +Schmalhausen Instite of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine & Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KievUkraine + + + +Author + +Frolov, Pavel +Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia + + + +Author + +Gándara, Alberto Martinez +Grigore Artipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania + + + +Author + +Gittenberger, Arjan +Gittenberger Marine Research, Inventory & Strategy, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Gogaladze, Aleksandre +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Mikhail Karpinsky +Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Popa, Luis +Grigore Antirpa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania + + + +Author + +Sands, Arthur F +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Vandendorpe, Justine +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Wilke, Thomas +Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +827 + + +31 +124 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365 +1313-2970-827-31 +10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651 +10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651 + + + + +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877) + + + + +*1877 +Cardium pyramidatum +Grimm: 46-49, pl. 8, fig. 1 +a-d +. + + +1932 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877). - Bogachev: 28-29, pl. 2, figs 15, 16. + + +1952 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877). - Zhadin: 347, fig. 320. + + +1969 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm). - Logvinenko and Starobogatov: 324, fig. 344(1). + + +1969 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877). - Vekilov: 144-147, pl. 26, figs 1-5. + + +1973 +Didacna pyramidata +Grimm, 1877. - Grossu: 130, text fig. 6, pl. 1, fig. 1. + + +2007 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877). - Nevesskaja: 940, pl. 23, figs 6-10. + + +2013 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877). - Kijashko in Bogutskaya et al.: 357, fig. 135, photo 47. + + +2016 +Didacna pyramidata +(Grimm, 1877). - Vinarski and Kantor: 73. + + + +Status. Pontocaspian species, endemic to Caspian Sea. + + + +Type locality. Caspian Sea, offshore Azerbaijan, +39°47'N +, +49°59'30"E +( +Kijashko in Bogutskaya et al. 2013 +). + + +Distribution. Caspian Sea: southern basin and southern part of the middle basin at depths between 30-100 m ( +Logvinenko and Starobogatov 1969 +). + + + +Conservation status. Not assessed. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0F/87/160F87A5FF94E758FF18FDEF5E7BA093.xml b/data/16/0F/87/160F87A5FF94E758FF18FDEF5E7BA093.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ef477625e13 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0F/87/160F87A5FF94E758FF18FDEF5E7BA093.xml @@ -0,0 +1,468 @@ + + + +Review of the Oriental and Palaearctic bee fly genus Euchariomyia Bigot (Diptera: Bombyliidae: Bombyliinae) + + + +Author + +Evenhuis, Neal L. + + + +Author + +Gang, Yao + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4205 + + +3 + + +211 +225 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.4205.3.2 +631d3e61-3043-4273-9935-5617788ae2ff +1175-5326 +194246 +4093917D-C488-4593-8036-52269C9E6042 + + + + + + +Genus + +Euchariomyia +Bigot + + + + + + + + +Euchariomyia +Bigot, 1888a + +: cxl. Type species: + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot, 1888 + +, by monotypy. + + + + +Eucharimyia +Bigot +in + +Mik, 1888 +: 331 + + +[ +Bigot 1888b: cxlvii +] (unjustified emendation of + +Euchariomyia +Bigot, 1888a + +). + + + + +Eucharimyia +Bigot, 1889 + +: cxl [as “ + +Euchariomyia + +” on pp. ccliii, cclxx]. Type species: + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot, 1889 + +[= + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot, 1888 + +], by monotypy. [Preoccupied by + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot, 1888 + +.] + + + + +Comastes +: + +Wulp 1885 +: 85 + + +; + +Bigot 1892 +: 162 + +; + +Wulp 1896 +: 74 + +; + +Brunetti 1909a +: 457 + +(misidentification). + + + +Greathead (1995) +was the last to review the genera allied to + +Bombylius + +(= his “ +Bombyliini +”) and provided a key to genera, but excluded + +Euchariomyia + +as it was not within the geographical scope of the paper. Using the key in Greathead & Evenhuis (2001), + +Euchariomyia + +runs to + +Bombylella +Greathead. Both + +are similar in appearance based on the prominent silvery patches of tomentum on the head, thorax and abdomen. Additionally, both also lack hairs on the anepimeron (present in + +Bombylius + +and many African and Eurasian genera allied to + +Bombylius + +) and both possess a cell r5 closed at the wing margin by a long stalk (this cell open in the wing margin in + +Bombylisoma +Rondani + +(another genus with prominent silvery patches that may be confused with + +Euchariomyia + +). Although +Greathead (1995) +did not key out + +Euchariomyia + +, he provided characters for it in his phylogenetic analysis that can be used to distinguish + +Bombylella + +from + +Euchariomyia + +. In that analysis + +Euchariomyia + +was sister to the remainder of the “ + +Bombylius + +”-like genera and Greathead concluded that + +Euchariomyia + +could thus not be maintained within the +Bombyliini +. A recheck of those characters in +Greathead (1995) +show that unfortunately some were incorrectly coded, which if reanalyzed may show a different placement of + +Euchariomyia + +relative to those genera. + + + + +We have re-examined the characters given by +Greathead (1995) +and the following can be used as a diagnosis in distinguishing + +Euchariomyia + +from + +Bombylella + +as well as many other bombyliine genera with a closed cell r5: face bare medially, shining (densely hairy medially and laterally and dull-colored in + +Bombylella + +); head as wide as thorax (narrower than thorax in + +Bombylella + +) [but this is only because the thorax is narrow in + +Euchariomyia + +, not that the head is wider than in + +Bombylella + +]; eyes in male holoptic for more than length of ocellar tubercle (length of holopticism subequal to or shorter than length of ocellar tubercle in + +Bombylella + +); thorax and abdomen slender, approximately the same width [thorax broad and abdomen (much broader than thorax) chordate in dorsal view in + +Bombylella + +]; costal hook not developed (well developed in + +Bombylella + +). + + +It is useful to also discuss here the characters that +Greathead (1995) +erred in coding, in order to assist future workers interested in the taxonomy or systematics of these genera. +Greathead (1995) +listed the following character states(using his morphological terminology in quotes with current equivalents) in his character matrix for phylogenetic analysis as distinguishing + +Bombylella + +and + +Euchariomyia + +, but these have not been borne out in our investigation: + + +1. Posterior margin of eyes indented vs entire—both + +Euchariomyia + +(to a lesser degree) and + +Bombylella + +(to a greater degree) have a wavy indentation of the posterior eye margin (best seen at left on +Fig. 9 +for + +Euchariomyia + +); +Greathead (1995) +coded this in reverse with + +Euchariomyia + +as having the indentation and + +Bombylella + +as not having an indentation. [Greathead character 32]. + + +2. Scape length less than vs more than 3 times length of pedicel—both + +Euchariomyia + +and + +Bombylella + +vary slightly in having the length of the scape from between 2. 5–4 times the length of the pedicel; +Greathead (1995) +coded this character as + +Euchariomyia + +having the scape less than 3 times the length of the pedicel and + +Bombylella + +as more than 3 times the length. [Greathead character 8]. + + +3. “Metapleuron”[= laterotergite; the sclerite immediately in front of the posterior spiracle] hairy vs bare—both + +Euchariomyia + +and + +Bombylella + +have a patch of hair or scale-like hairs on this sclerite; +Greathead (1995) +coded this as + +Bombylella + +having hairs on this sclerite and + +Euchariomyia + +as having this sclerite bare. [Greathead character 12]. + + +4. Scutellar macrochaetae well developed vs hairlike—both + +Bombylella + +and + +Euchariomyia + +have thickened bristles (macrochaetae) on the posterior margin of the scutellum. In the case of + +Euchariomyia + +, we have seen specimens in this study with these hairs not appreciably thickened, but there are others that are distinctly bristlelike; Greathead coded this character as + +Bombylella + +having scutellar macrochaetae and + +Euchariomyia + +as not having them. [Greathead character 13]. + + +5. “Crossvein m-m” [= crossvein dm-cu; the crossvein closing the discal cell] shorter than vs as long as or longer than crossvein r-m; + +Euchariomyia + +consistently has these two crossveins subequal in length, but + +Bombylella + +varies with some species having a very short crossvein dm-cu while other species have both crossveins subequal in length; +Greathead (1995) +coded + +Euchariomyia + +correctly as having these two veins subequal but coded + +Bombylella + +as having crossvein dm-cu shorter. [Greathead character 18]. + + +6. Alula longer than wide vs alula wider than long—both + +Bombylella + +and + +Euchariomyia + +have an alula that is wider than long and very prominent [the key in Greathead & Evenhuis (2001) indicated the alula to even be reduced and narrow in + +Bombylella + +which we could not verify in species we studied]; +Greathead (1995) +coded + +Euchariomyia + +as having the alula longer than wide and + +Bombylella + +as having the alula wider than long. [Greathead character 20]. + + +7. Squama well developed vs vestigial—both + +Bombylella + +and + +Euchariomyia + +have the squama well developed with a sclerotized posterior margin. The squama in + +Euchariomyia + +is not as large as in + +Bombylella + +but it is clearly not reduced or vestigial; +Greathead (1995) +coded + +Bombylella + +correctly as having a well developed squama but incorrectly coded + +Euchariomyia + +as having a reduced or vestigial one. [Greathead character 21]. + + +8. Gonostyli narrow and pointed vs “otherwise”— both + +Bombylella + +and + +Euchariomyia + +have the gonostyli distinctly narrow, tapered and culminating in a pointed apex; +Greathead (1995) +coded + +Bombylella + +as having such gonostyli and + +Euchariomyia + +as not. [Greathead character 29]. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0F/87/160F87A5FF95E750FF18FBF45F3FA2AF.xml b/data/16/0F/87/160F87A5FF95E750FF18FBF45F3FA2AF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db7583936a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0F/87/160F87A5FF95E750FF18FBF45F3FA2AF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,2189 @@ + + + +Review of the Oriental and Palaearctic bee fly genus Euchariomyia Bigot (Diptera: Bombyliidae: Bombyliinae) + + + +Author + +Evenhuis, Neal L. + + + +Author + +Gang, Yao + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4205 + + +3 + + +211 +225 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.4205.3.2 +631d3e61-3043-4273-9935-5617788ae2ff +1175-5326 +194246 +4093917D-C488-4593-8036-52269C9E6042 + + + + + + + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + + + + + +( +Figs. 1–15 +) + + + +The following is a cresonymy of all the species-group names and generic combinations found in the literature for this species (names in bold refer to originally proposed available names): + + + + + +Bombylius pulchellus + +Wulp, 1880 +: 164 + + +. Type locality: Indonesia (Java) [Holotype ♀ (lost) in RMNH]. [Preoccupied by Loew, 1863]. + +Wulp 1900 +: 53 + +; + +Brunetti 1909a +: 457 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +); + +Brunetti 1920 +: 264 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +); + +Senior-White 1923 +: 7 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +); + +Bowden 1975 +: 171 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius dives + +); + +Grewal & Kapoor 1987 +: 631 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius dives + +); + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +(in synonymy with + +Euchariomyia dives + +); + + +Yang +et al +. 2012 + +: 273 + +(in synonymy with + +Euchariomyia dives + +). + + + + + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot, 1888a + +: cxl [ + +Bigot 1889: cxl (as “ + +Eucharimyia + +”). Type locality: Sri Lanka. [Holotype ♂ in BMNH] + +. Liu +et al +. 1995: 11; + +Evenhuis 1991 +: 39 + +; + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +; + +Banerjee & Mitra 2006 +: 18 + +; + + +Yao +et al +. 2009 + +: 63 + +; + + +Yang +et al +. 2012 + +: 273 + +. + + + + +Eucharimyia dives +Bigot, 1888b + +: cxlvii (unjustified emendation). + + + +Eucharimyia dives +Bigot +in +Mik, 1888 + +: xxx (unjustified emendation). + + + + +Eucharimyia dives +Bigot + +: + +Wulp 1896 +: 73 + +; + +Wulp 1900 +: 53 + +(in synonymy with + +Comastes pulchellus + +); + +Brunetti 1909a +: 457 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +); + +Meijere 1914 +: 33 + +(in synonymy with + +Comastes pulchellus + +); + +Bezzi 1924 +: 5 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius pulchellus + +); + +Hall 1976 +: 5 + +(in synonymy with + +Eucharimyia pulchella + +); + +Hull 1973 +: 102 + +(in synonymy with + +Eucharimyia pulchella + +); + +Evenhuis 1991 +: 39 + +(in synonymy with + +Euchariomyia dives + +). + + + + + + +Comastes pulchellus +( +Wulp): Wulp 1885 + +: 85 + +; + +Bigot 1892 +: 162 + +; + +Wulp 1896 +: 74 + +; + +Brunetti 1909a +: 457 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +); + +Meijere 1914 +: 33 + +; + +Senior-White 1923 +: 7 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +). + + + + + +Eucharimyia pulchellus +(Wulp) + +: + +Kertész 1909 +: 147 + +; + +Becker 1913 +: 492 + +; + +Bezzi 1924 +: 5 + +; + +Painter 1932 +: 254 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +[as “ + +wulpi + +”]). + + + + + +Bombylius wulpii + +Brunetti, 1909a +: 457 + + +(new replacement name for + +Bombylius pulchellus +Wulp, 1880 + +). + +Brunetti 1909b +: 226 + +; + +Brunetti 1920 +: 264 + +; + +Dover 1921 +: 394 + +; + +Senior-White 1923 +: 7 + +; + +Bowden 1975 +: 171 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius dives + +); + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +(in synonymy with + +Euchariomyia dives + +). + + + + + +Bombylius scintillans + +Brunetti, 1909b +: 224 + + +. Type locality India (Kerala). [Holotype ♂ in NZSI]. + +Senior-White 1923 +: 8 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius wulpii + +). + +Bowden 1975 +: 171 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius dives + +); + +Grewal & Kapoor 1987 +: 361 + +(in synonymy with + +Bombylius dives + +). + + + + + +Bombylius brunettii + +Senior-White, 1922 +: 203 + + +. Type locality: Sri Lanka. [39 ♂♀ syntypes in BMNH]. + +Senior-White 1923 +: 5 + +; + +Painter 1932 +: 353 + +. +New synonymy +. + + + + + +Bombylius wulpi +: + +Painter 1932 +: 354 + + +(incorrect subsequent spelling of + +wulpii + +). + + + + + + +Eucharimyia dives +Bigot: Berktau 1889 + +: 118 + +; + +Oustalet 1890 +: 762 + +; Sharp 1890: 286; + +Hull 1973 +: 102 + +(in synonymy with + +Eucharimyia pulchella + +). + + + + + +Eucharimyia pulchella +(Wulp) + +: + +Hull 1973 +: 102 + +. + + + + + +Bombylius dives +(Bigot) + +: + +Bowden 1975 +: 171 + +; + +Grewal & Kapoor 1987 +: 631 + +. + + + + + +Euchariomyia brunettii +(Senior-White) + +: + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +. + + + + + + + +Euchariomyia pulchella +(Wulp) + +: + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +(in synonymy with + +E. dives + +). + + + + + +Euchariomyia wulpii +(Brunetti) + +: + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +(in synonymy with + +E. dives + +). + + + + + + + +Euchariomyia scintillans +(Brunetti) + +: + +Evenhuis & Greathead 1999 +: 149 + +; + +Banerjee & Mitra 2006 +: 18 + +. + + + + + +FIGURES 1–2 +. Habitus of + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, in Laos. +1 +, male; +2 +, female. Photos: Gregory R. Ballmer. +FIGURES 3–4 +. Habitus of + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, in India. +3 +, male; +4 +, female. Photos: ©2010 Jeevan Jose, Kerala, India is used here under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License. + + + + +Description +. +Male +(Habitus +Figs. 1 +, 3). Body length 3.5–6.0 mm, wing length +5–7 mm +. + + +Head +. Black; face with long sparse black hairs laterally, bare, shining medially; sides of frons just above antennae with long white scales; oral margin produced, shining, bare, mentum with ridge of posterior portion of oral margin extending below eyes in some specimens, subtrapezoidal, rounded and more reduced in others; eyes holoptic, with large facets in upper third, grading to smaller facets in lower two thirds (in life: green with longitudinal magenta line angled in upper third in area of (but not demarcating)gradation of large to small facets, angled slightly downward, running from level of antennae posteriorly to middle of posterior eye margin; cf. +Fig. 6 +), contiguous for nearly 2/3 length of vertex to antennae; occiput with long stiff black bristles [these bristles replaced by yellow in females, see below] admixed with finer yellow hairs and tomentum; antenna ( +Fig. 7 +) blackish gray; scape cylindrical, 3.5–4.0 times length of pedicel, with long black hairs; pedicel nearly as long as wide, with short sparse black hairs; first flagellomere elongate, length 10 times pedicel, with microscopic white scales on surface, tip with a clear minute stylus; antennal ratio: 6:2:20; proboscis thin, black, labellum thin, pointed; proboscis extending well beyond oral margin up to 8 times head length; palpus one-segmented, short, black, barely exceeding oral margin, with long black hairs. + + + +FIGURE 5 +. + +Bombylius pulchellus +Wulp + +, female. From Wulp (1860). + + + +Thorax +( +Figs. 8–9 +). Black, gray pollinose except pronotum, postpronotal lobes, postalar calli, and scutellum brown pollinose; hairs and long thin tomentum on thorax mostly yellow, bristles black; postpronotal lobe with long yellow hairs; 3 prealar macrochaetae; with tuft of long white prealar scales; postalar callus with 3 macrochaetae; pleura with yellow (typical), black, or admixture of yellow and black hairs; anepimeron bare; katepisternum with tuft of white scales along upper edge (typical Sri Lankan specimens; +Fig. 8 +) or scales absent and replaced by black hairs (cf. +Fig. 9 +); scutellum predominantly bare with yellow tomentum at base and lateral margin, black hairs on posterior margin. + + +Legs +. Long slender, dark brown; coxae with admixed black and yellow hairs (typical) or all hairs black, otherwise hairs and setae on legs black; femora with long sparse black hairs; tibiae and tarsi with short black hairs; claws minute; pulvilli as long as claws. + + +Wing +( +Fig. 10 +; showing wing interference pattern). Almost completely infuscated dark brown to light brown (some Sri Lankan specimens completely infuscated), with clear to subhyaline distal cells; cell r5 closed before wing margin by stalk, length of stalk 1. 5 times width of crossvein r-m; costal hook absent; crossvein r-m slightly before middle of cell dm making cell bm longer than cell dm; dark spot in cell bm on angle close to cell br and cell dm; anal lobe and alula well developed, with fringe of dark brown hairs; halter stem and knob brown. Wing interference pattern evident in posterior margin of wing consisting of successive magenta, golden, and blue-green bands; distalmost cells with turquoise blue in the center surrounded by magenta, golden, and blue-green banding. + + +Abdomen +( +Figs. 11–12 +). Black; dorsum with dense white recumbent scales covering tergites II–VII, tergite I with orange-yellow hairs anteriorly and laterally and black tomentum posteriorly [see remarks section below for variation]; all tergites with long black hairs and sparsely admixed long thick erect white scale-like hairs laterally; sternites with black hairs. + + +Genitalia +( +Figs. 13 +). Epandrium subquadrate, higher than long, nearly as wider than high in posterior view, cercus well exserted; gonocoxa subovate-triangular, distinctly narrowing apically in ventral view, narrow in lateral view; gonostylus widest at base, narrowed toward acute beaked tip in lateral view; epiphallus rather long, obtuse apically in dorsal view; aedeagal apodeme large, crescent-shaped in lateral view; lateral rami relatively wide, foliate. + + + +FIGURE 6 +. + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, male head, oblique angle showing facet sizes. + + + + +FIGURE 7 +. + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, male antenna. + + + +Female +( +Figs. 2 +, 4, 5, 14). Body length +4–6 mm +, wing length +5–7 mm +. + + +Head +black; eyes dichoptic; frons 2 times width of ocellar tubercle at vertex, widening below to 4 times its width at level of antennae, with yellow scale-like tomentum, tuft of silvery white tomentum laterally; face bare, shining medially, with sparse long black hairs laterally and tuft of silvery white tomentum below and lateral to antennae; eyes with all facets same small size (in life, dark green in upper third, brassy green in lower two thirds, separated by steeply sloped magenta line running from level of mid-frons backward and downward to middle of posterior eye margin); occiput with yellow hairs and bristles and tomentum; antenna black; scape cylindrical, 2.5 times longer than wide, with black long hairs; pedicel nearly as long as wide, with short sparse black hairs; first flagellomere elongate, 14 times longer than wide, with microscopic white scales on surface, tip with clear stylus; antennal ratio: 5:2:20. Proboscis black with microscopic black hairs, nearly three times longer than head from laterally view; palpus one-segmented, short, black with long black hairs. + + + +FIGURES 8–9 +. + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, male thoraces, lateral view. +8 +. “Typical” Sri Lankan specimen showing orange vestiture; +9 +. Atypical Sri Lankan specimen showing black vestiture. + + + +Thorax +black, gray pollinose laterally and posteriorly, scutellum brown pollinose; hairs and tomentum on thorax mostly yellow, lateral macrochaetae black; postpronotal lobe with yellow long hairs, mesonotum with yellow long hairs anteriorly; three prealar macrochaetae; tuft of long silvery white hair-like scales near wing base; three postalar macrochaetae; prescutellar area with opalescent scales; scutellum almost bare, with yellow tomentum and opalescent scales anteriorly and laterally; scutellum with black bristles and thinner black hairs on posterior edge. + + +Legs +as in male. + + +Wing +as in male (cf. +Fig. 10 +). + + + +FIGURE 10 +. + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, male wing, photographed to show wing interference pattern. + + + +Abdomen +(cf. +Figs. 2 +, 4, 5). Black; hairs on abdomen black; dorsum with dense fiery orange recumbent tomentum and sparse erect black hairs on most tergites (pattern varies in populations); tergite I and II with black hairs and tomentum dorsally and minute opalescent scales dorsolaterally; tergites II and IV with tuft of white scales laterally; sternites with dense golden tomentum and black hairs (typical) or no tomentum and all black hairs. + + +Genitalia +( +Fig. 14 +). Tergite VIII band-shaped with a triangle-like projection medially in posterior view, tergites IX–X trapezoidal, divided medially in posterior view, with more than ten acanthophorite spines on each side; cercus ovate and curved close at middle in ventral view; three spermathecae; spermathecal bulb globular, slightly longer than wide; apical spermathecal duct long thin, with apical valve midway between spermathecal bulb and sperm pump. + + + + +FIGURES 11–12 +. + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, male dorsal showing variation in abdominal tergal scaling. + + + + + +Material Examined +. Some +388 specimens +from the following localities: + +CHINA + +( +Oriental +): + +Guangxi + + +: + +12♂ +, +15♀ +, +Longzhou +, +Nonggang National Nature Reserve +field station, + +3 Jul 2008 + +, +Guoquan Wang +( +CAU +) + +; + +15♂ +, +25♀ +, same data, + +4 Jul 2008 + +, +Guoquan Wang +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♂ +, same data, + +13 May 2006 + +, +Kuiyan Zhang +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♀ +, same data, + +12 May 2006 + +, +Kuiyan Zhang +( +CAU +) + +; + +15♀ +, same data, + +3 Jul 2008 + +, +Guoquan Wang +( +CAU +) + +; + +25♀ +, same data, + +4 Jul 2008 + +, +Guoquan Wang +( +CAU +) + +; + +5♂ +, +3♀ +, same data, +22°28.459'N +, 106°57. 441'E, + +726 ft + +, + +18 Jun 2014 + +, +N.L. Evenhuis +( +BPBM +) + +; + +1♂ +, same data, on road to +National Nature Reserve +, + +19–20 Jun 2014 + +, +22°27.997'N +, +106°57.157'E +, + +905 ft + +, on white composites, +N. L. Evenhuis +( +BPBM +) + +; + +2♀ +, +Chongzuo +, +Taiping +, +Maan village +, + +3 Jul 2008 + +, +Guoquan Wang +( +CAU +) + +. + + +CHINA + +( +Palaearctic +): + +Beijing + +: +1♂ +, +Changping +, +Ming Tombs +, + +Jul 1956 + +, +Qiang Wu +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♀ +, +Mentougou +, +Miaofeng Mountain +, + +27 Jun 1955 + +, +Yan Weng +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♀ +, same data, +Zhang +( +CAU +). + +Shandong + + +: + +1♂ +, +Tai’an +, +Mount Taishan +, + +27 Jun 1998 + +, +Aiping Cui +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +Tai’an +, +Mount Taishan +, +Puzhao Temple +, + +22 Jun 2000 + +, +Chen Chen +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +Tai’an +, same data, + +22 Jun 2000 + +, +Xingdong Zhu +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +Tai’an +, +Culai Mountain +, + +9 Jul 2000 + +, +Pinhong Chen +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♂ +, same data, + +9 Jul 2000 + +, +Wei Dai +( +CAU +) + +. + + +INDIA + +: + +Kerala + +: +12♂ +♀ +, +Malabar +, +Walayar Forest +, + +Apr 1956 +, +Sep 1956 +, +Sep 1959 + +, +P.S. Nathan +( +BPBM +). + +Madras + + +: + +15♂ +♀ +, +Anamalai Hills +, +Cinchona +, + +Apr 1956 +, +May 1956 +, +Oct 1956 +, +Aug 1957 +, +Apr 1958 +, +Oct 1959 + +, +P. S. Nathan +( +BPBM +). + +INDONESIA + +( +Sumatra +) + +: + +1♀ +, +West Sumatra +, +Lebong Tudai +, 60 • 15, E. +I.C. +( +BMNH +) ( +new record +). + +LAOS + + +: + +2♂ +, +1♀ +, +Oudomxay Province +, +Xay District +, +Khone village +, +20°35.639'N +, +101°56.243' E +, + +790 m + +, + +24 Jun 2015 + +, +Yao Gang +( +BPBM +) + +; + +1♂ +, +1♀ +, same data ( +CAU +) + +; + +13♂ +, +20♀ +, +Pak +beng +2 km +N, +19°56.322' N +, +101°10.876'E +, + +25 Jun 2015 + +, +Yao Gang +( +CAU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +1. 6 km +S. Ban Hat Kho +, + +Luang Phabang District +, G.R. + +Ballmer [from photo] ( +UCR +) ( +new records +) + +. + + +MALAYSIA + +( +Peninsular +): +Kedah +: +1♀ +, +Langkawi Is +, west coast, + +22 Apr 1928 + +, +H.M. Pendlebury + +; + +2♀ +, same data, 25, + +26 Apr 1928 + +, +P. Dayang Bunting +, +H. M. Pendlebury + +; + +1♀ +, near +Jitra +catchment area, + +10 Apr 1928 + +, H.M. Pendlebury. +Kelantan + +: + +1♀ +, +Tumpat +, + +25 Jul 1926 + + +; + +6♂ +♀ +, +Kota Bharu +, + +Nov 1963 + + +; + +1♀ +, +Kota Bharu +beach, + +31 Mar 1990 + +, +D.J. Greathead +(all +BMNH +) ( +new records +) + +. + + +SRI LANKA + +: +Holotype +♂ +of + +E. dives + +from “ +Ceylan +! +J. Bigot +” ( +BMNH +; right wing missing; notes taken by senior author during numerous visits in the 1990s and early 2000s) + +; + +39♂ +♀ +syntypes +of + +Bombylius brunettii + +from +Matale +, +Opagalla +, +Habaranam Kanthalai +, +Trincomalee +, +Tamblegam +, and Sober +Island +( +BMNH +; notes taken by senior author during numerous visits in 1990s and early 2000s) + +; + +41♂ +♀ +, +Tantarimilai +, + +31 Oct 1976 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Ekgal Aru +, + +12 Jun 1976 + + +; + +5♂ +♀ +, +Padaviya +, + +20 May 1976 +, +20–23 Jul 1978 + + +; + +1♀ +, +Tennamaravadi +, + +18 May 1976 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Lahagal Tank +, + +14–15 Jun 1976 + + +; + +25♂ +♀ +, +Trincomalee +, +China +Bay, + +27–31 Jan 1977 +, +8–11 Oct 1977 +, +24–25 Jul 1978 +, +26 Feb 1979 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Mau Ara +, + +30 Sep–1 Oct 1978 + + +; + +1♀ +, +Palatupana Tank +, + +18– 20 Jan 1979 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Kabissa Jungle +, + +1–3 Mar 1979 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Belihuloya Rest House +, + +10–11 Apr 1979 + + +; + +2♂ +, +Wilpattu National Park +, + +1 Nov 1977 + + +; + +22♂ +♀ +, +Hunuwilagama +, + +28 Oct–3 Nov 1976 + + +; + +1♀ +, +Gilimale +, + +19–22 Jun 1976 + + +; + +6♂ +♀ +, +Monagarala +, + +6 Jun 1975 + + +; + +2♀ +, +Halaka Circuit Bungalow +, + +30–31 May 1975 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Inginiyalagala +, + +6–7 Sep 1975 + + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +, +Buttala +, + +5 Jun 1975 + + +; + +1♀ +, +Uttawatakele +, + +14–20 Apr 1975 + + +; + +4♂ +♀ +, +Uda Wallawe +, + +1 Aug 1973 + + +; + +14♂ +♀ +, +Badagamuwa Jungle + +24–27 Jan 1975 + + +; + +4♂ +♀ +, +Kurunagala +, + +24–25 Jan 1975 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Wellawaya +, + +8 Mar 1972 + + +; + +1♀ +, +Ella +, + +5 Jun 1975 + + +; + +1♂ +, +Uggalkaltota +, + +10–14 Oct 1970 + + +; + +2♀ +, +Maniyangana +, + +30 Mar–9 Apr 1971 + +(all +USNM +) + +; + +3♂ +, +Bibile +, + +10 Aug 1963 + + +; + +1♂ +, +2♀ +, +Trincomalee +, + +30 Oct 1980 + + +; 2♀, Mahaganay; + +1♂ +, +Yatiyanthota +, + +Mar 1902 + + +; + +2♂ +, +Peradeniya +, + +15 Mar 1979 + +(all +BMNH +). + +THAILAND + +: + +Nakhon Ratchasima +Province + + +: + +1♂ +, +60 km +S +Nakhon Ratchasima +, + +24 Mar 1971 + +, +P. & P. Spangler +, +Malaise trap +( +USNM +) + +; + +Satun Province +: +1♂ +, +Tarutao I +: +Ao Moiae +, +6°40'26"N +, +99°38'20"E +, + +3 m + +, + +15 Feb 2014 + +, UCREnt427939, +G.R. Ballmer + +; + +1♀ +, same data, +Ao Jaak +, +6°40'50"N +, +99°38'29"E +, + +15 Feb 2010 + +, UCREnt277777, +G.R. Ballmer + +; + +Lampang Province +: +1♀ +, +Meuang Lamp District +: +Jangheua Canton Village +, + +21 Jun 1968 + +, UCREnt60038, +G.R. Ballmer + +; + +Chaing Mai Province +: +1♀ +, +22 km +W of +Hot +, + +3 Jun 2000 + +, UCREnt59990 + +; + +1♀ +, same data, +Thung Phong +, +18°46'16"N +, +98°52'00"E +, + +450 m + +, + +24 May 2000 + +, UCREnt41902, +G. R. Ballmer +(all +UCR +) + +. + + +VIETNAM + +: + +Nghe +An Province + +: +2♂ +, +1♀ +, +Que Phong +, + +250 m + +, + +7–8 Jul 1997 + +, +H. Kurahashi +( +BPBM +) + +; + + +Son +La Province + +: +5♀ +, E of +Ban Song +, +Deo Cao Pha +, + +420 m + +, + +22–23 Jun 1997 + +, +H. Kurahashi +( +BPBM +) ( +new records +). + + + + + +Remarks +. Examination of almost +400 specimens +from a wide range of localities shows that males exhibit variation in vestiture pattern and color, especially so on the abdomen. Females seem to be fairly consistent in body and vestiture coloration [rubbing of abdominal tomentum has led to misinterpretations of a medially interrupted pattern of orange on the abdomen or (as in the case of + +E. brunettii + +) description of a new species. We have seen females that exhibit this interrupted pattern and in all cases, it was the result of rubbing]. In all specimens exhibiting variation in pile color and vestiture patterns, examination of genitalia has shown these specimens belong to the same species. Species determined as + +E. scintillans +(Brunetti) + +(from southern +India +) and + +E. brunettii + +(Senior- White) (from +Sri Lanka +) by John Bowden (who indicated in label notes he had compared specimens with +types +) show that both species fall within the range of variation shown in + +E. dives + +and are treated here as new junior synonyms of + +E. dives + +. It is unclear as to why +Brunetti (1909b) +described his new species + +scintillans + +when he had remarked upon + +wulpii + +[= + +E. dives + +] in the same paper and said that the Javanese female was the same as a female collected in southern +India +and the description of + +scintillans + +easily fits + +E. dives + +. +Senior-White (1923) +apparently noticed this and synonymized + +scintillans + +with + +wulpii + +. The situation with + +E. brunettii + +is a case of mistaken identity. +Senior-White (1922) +indicated differences between + +wulpii + +and his new species + +brunettii + +; however, in the case of males, the differences in tufts of scales on the thorax and the amount of white scales on the abdomen are variable characters (borne out in this study by comparison of male genitalia of the two as being exactly the same), while the main difference between females given by Senior-White was that + +brunettii + +did not have the fiery red scales on the abdomen (obviously Senior-White had rubbed females at hand). In his Indian catalogue one year later, Senior- +White (1923) +maintained his + +brunettii + +and + +wulpii + +as separate species. Although we treat + +E. brunettii + +as a synonym of + +E. dives + +, in the slight chance that + +E. dives + +and + +E. brunettii + +may be separate species, we encourage molecular analysis to investigate further the relationships between these populations. + + +The major significant variable characters that have been observed in specimens of + +E. dives + +in this study are as follows: + +(1) pile color of the male first abdominal tergite; +(2) tufts of white scales on the katepisternum; +(3) pile color of the male pleura and coxae; +(4) the amount of silvery white scales covering the abdomen in males; and +(5) color of hairs and tomentum on female sternites + +With regard to the first variable character, the vast majority of specimens from +Sri Lanka +(the +type +locality of + +E. dives + +) have this pile orange, yellowish orange, or brownish orange (see +Fig. 8 +); all other populations have this pile black or dark brown (see +Fig. 9 +). + + +The second character seems to vary among specimens (e.g., Sri Lankan and Vietnamese) where those specimens with all black hairs on the pleura lack a tuft of white scales on the katepisternum or if there is an admixture of black and orange to yellow hairs there can be no scales or only a few scales (in the latter case, at first glance it appears there are no scales, but they are transparent and difficult to see in all angles); whereas those specimens with all orange hairs possess a distinct tuft (e.g., cf. +Fig. 8 +). + + +With regard to the third variable character, males vary in the color of pleural pile and coxal pile. Many specimens from +Sri Lanka +have been seen with the typical yellowish to orange-yellow pile (fitting the description of + +E. dives + +) and others from there have all black pile (cf. +Fig. 9 +). A few specimens from +Sri Lanka +have also been examined that have the pleural pile consisting of admixed yellowish and black hairs. + + +With regard to the fourth character above, males from a number of countries can vary considerably in the extent of white scales coverage on the abdomen (cf. +Figs. 11–12 +). Perfect specimens have been seen with almost all tergites covered with white scales or, at the other extreme, these scales restricted to just tergites IV–VII in which case the basalmost tergites have black tomentum and hairs in place of the white scales. Other specimens with an appeared limited covering of while scales were seen be rubbed. + + + +FIGURE 13 +. + +Euchariomyia dives +Bigot + +, male genitalia. +a +. Gonocoxites, ventral view. +b +. epiphallic complex, lateral view; +c +. gonocoxite and gonostylus, lateral view; +d +. epandrium, lateral view; +e +. epandrium, dorsal view; +f +, epiphallic complex dorsal view. + + + +The thoracic and abdominal scales of both males and females are highly ephemeral and subject to easy rubbing and removal. We have collected perfect specimens only to have the scales come off during transport to the lab for pinning. Pinning in the field can also cause rubbing of scales and hairs if specimens are not handled carefully. [Note: the abdomen of female + +brunettii + +specimens were no doubt rubbed specimens. Examination of +136 specimens +from +Sri Lanka +during this study has shown only a few with any orange scales; most have all or most scales rubbed off, and none had all the scales as seen in live specimens (cf. +Figs. 2 +, 4)]. + + +With regard to the last variable character, the color of hairs and tomentum on the female sternites of typical Sri Lankan + +E. dives + +is predominantly yellow to orange tomentum with sparse black hairs; whereas virtually all other specimens (including a few from +Sri Lanka +) have no yellow or orange tomentum, but instead have sparse to dense black hairs and scattered black tomentum or the absence of tomentum. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 15 +): +Burma +, +China +( +Beijing +, +Guangxi +, +Shandong +), +India +( +Kerala +, Madras, +Orissa +, +Tamil Nadu +, +Uttar Pradesh +), +Indonesia +( +Java +, +Sumatra +[ +new +]), +Laos +( +new +), +Malaysia +( +Kelantan +, +Penang +) ( +new +), +Sri Lanka +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( +new +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0F/9D/160F9D47A8EC5F30A257829E7145EEF9.xml b/data/16/0F/9D/160F9D47A8EC5F30A257829E7145EEF9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..87698632d93 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0F/9D/160F9D47A8EC5F30A257829E7145EEF9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +A checklist of vascular plants of the W National Park in Burkina Faso, including the adjacent hunting zones of Tapoa-Djerma and Kondio + + + +Author + +Nacoulma, Blandine M. I. +Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Marco +Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany & Palmengarten, Frankfurt am Main, Germany +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6087-6117 +mschmidt@senckenberg.de + + + +Author + +Hahn, Karen +Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany + + + +Author + +Thiombiano, Adjima +Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +8 + + +54205 +54205 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54205 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54205 +1314-2828-8-e54205 +AC04300B71A5532C90F2702393102067 + + + + +Cissus aralioides (Welw. ex Baker) Planch. + + + +Distribution +Afrotropical + + +Notes +Life Form: phanerophyte; Voucher: Nacoulma 51 (OUA-13416) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/0F/EC/160FEC95BCE2A55F996BE5CD7C00FBBB.xml b/data/16/0F/EC/160FEC95BCE2A55F996BE5CD7C00FBBB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a152f1365f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/0F/EC/160FEC95BCE2A55F996BE5CD7C00FBBB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +718 +782 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Polypodium otites +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +2 + +: 1085. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in America." RCN: 7867. + + + +Lectotype +(Proctor, +Ferns Jamaica +: 521. 1985): [icon] + +" +Polypodium Lonchitidis +folio undulato minus" + +in Petiver, Pteri-graphia Amer.: 32, t. 1, f. 16. 1712. + + + + +Current name: + +Polypodium otites +L. + +( +Polypodiaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/10/14/1610145B46F0F8957244CD1E4EFAE0ED.xml b/data/16/10/14/1610145B46F0F8957244CD1E4EFAE0ED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d0cde0cfa6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/10/14/1610145B46F0F8957244CD1E4EFAE0ED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +The Megophthalmidia (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) of North America including eight new species + + + +Author + +Kerr, Peter H. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +386 + + +29 +83 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.386.6913 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.386.6913 +1313-2970-386-29 +357FE9805295436EB40CFDD307D00D48 +357FE9805295436EB40CFDD307D00D48 + + + + +Megophthalmidia misericordia +sp. n. +Figs 41-50 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype: ♂, "USA: CA: Sonoma Co., Annadel SP, 0.9mi from park lot, Richardson trail, +38°26.11'N +, +122°36.67'W +220masl 6m MT, 3-26.iv.2007 P. Kerr & S. Blank 07LOT029" / "HOLOTYPE 12J963, +Megophthalmidia misericordia +♂, Kerr, 2014" [red label]. Deposited in CSCA, specimen glued directly to the pin, complete specimen (Fig. 41). See Fig. 103 for image of type locality. + + +Paratypes (all bearing blue paratype labels): ♂, "USA: CA: Sonoma Co., Annadel SP, 0.9mi from park lot, ravine near Warren Richardson trail, +38°26.11'N +, +122°36.67'W +, 220masl, 6m MT, 26. +iv- +17.v.2007 P. Kerr & S. Blank 07LOT049" [CSCA; specimen # 07Y264 (dissected)]; 9 ♂♂, "USA: CA: Sonoma Co., Annadel +SP +, 0.9mi from park lot, Richardson trail, +38°26.11'N +, +122°36.67'W +220masl, 6m MT#3, 17. +v- +7.vi.2007 P. Kerr & S. Blank 07LOT196" [1 ♂ LACM; 8 ♂♂ CSCA including specimen numbers 12J984, 12J985 (Figs 42-50); four in alcohol, including # 12J958, # 12K739]. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Megophthalmidia misericordia +sp. n. may be confused with Nearctic congeners that also have a brown thorax and short and broad (stout) apical epandrial processes. Among these, it is most similar to +Megophthalmidia ignea +and +Megophthalmidia perignea +but may be distinguished from these species by having setose apical epandrial processes (not bare; Fig. 43) and narrow, elongate bifurcations of the aedeagal fork (Fig. 49). The narrow, elongate bifurcations of the aedeagal fork in +Megophthalmidia misericordia +are similar to those found in +Megophthalmidia browni +, but +Megophthalmidia misericordia +is distinguished by having stout apical epandrial processes (not elongate). +Megophthalmidia radiata +also has stout apical epandrial processes, but these are much broader at their base than in +Megophthalmidia misericordia +. + + + +Description. +Male. Body length: 2.0-2.3, 2.1 [2.2] mm (n=6). Wing length: 2.0-2.2, 2.1 [2.1] mm (n=6). + +Coloration +(Fig. 41). Head dark brown; antennal scape dark brown, pedicel and flagellomeres brown; face dark brown, clypeus and labrum brown to dark brown; palps and labellum cream-colored to pale yellow (palpomeres 1 and 2 usually slightly darker than others, palpomere 2 with light patch where sensilla present). Thorax brown to dark brown throughout; scutum setae brown. Coxae lighter in color than thorax, brown; femora light brown to brown, becoming gradually darker dorsoapically; tibiae light brown to brown (hind tibia darkest), hind tibial comb dark brown, tarsi light brown to brown. Wing hyaline without markings, wing veins brown; haltere stem and knob white to cream-colored. Abdominal segments concolorous brown to dark brown. Terminalia brown. + + + +Figure 41. +Megophthalmidia misericordia +sp. n., habitus [holotype male, # 12J963; female unknown]. Scale bar = 1 mm. + + + +Head. Ocelli slightly raised, median ocellus in line with anterior margin of lateral ocelli, median ocellus approx. 0.3 +-0.5x +size of lateral ocelli; lateral ocellus located approx. 2 +x +diameter of ocellus from eye margin, separated from median ocellus by approx. 2 +-2.2x +its own diameter. Eyes with microsetae, which are approximately as long as width of facet. Frons microtrichose, without setae, flattened. Antennal length 0.7-0.8, 0.8 [0.7] mm (n=6). Face clearly longer than wide, setose; clypeus and labrum microtrichose, without setae. Palpus with four palpomeres; palpomere 1 barrel-shaped, without setae; other palpomeres with brown setae; palpomere 2 bearing small pocket of sensilla; palpomere 1 length longer than or subequal in length to palpomere 2; palpomere 3 length subequal to or slightly shorter than combined length of palpomeres 1 and 2; palpomere 4 length 0.8 +-1x +combined lengths of palpomeres 1-3. + + +Thorax +. Dorsum with evenly-distributed, short, appressed setae, bearing longer setae only along lateral and posterior margins. Antepronotum, proepisternum, and laterotergite bearing setae; remaining lateral thoracic sclerites bare. Costal wing vein extends beyond R5, approx. two-thirds distance between R5 and M1; R1 approximately the same length as r-m; cubital fork proximad of r-m base (as in +Megophthalmidia occidentalis +, Fig. 52); R1, M1, M2, CuA1, and CuA2 with setae on upper surface (lacking setae on M1 + M2). Wing veins A1 and CuP absent. + + +Male genitalia (Figs 42-50). Epandrium dorsal surface flat or nearly so, without setae medially, posterior margin narrowly emarginate at center (Fig. 44). Posterior processes of epandrium relatively wide, approx. 2.5 +x +longer than wide, separated at base by approx. 0.5 +x +width of process, length of setae at base of epandrial processes less than 0.5 +x +width of process; apex of posterior process angled to dull point (Figs 43). Gonocoxites as in Figs 45-47. Aedeagal fork bifurcated into elongated tines of similar width; shorter tine broadly-curving upward and back, longer tine s-shaped (Figs 48-50). + + + +Figures 42-44. +Megophthalmidia misericordia +sp. n., male epandrium [paratype, # 12J985] 42 Lateral view 43 Posterior view 44 Dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 45-47. +Megophthalmidia misericordia +sp. n., male hypandrium [paratype, # 12J985] 45 Lateral view 46 Dorsal view 47 Ventral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 48-50. +Megophthalmidia misericordia +sp. n., male aedeagus [paratype, # 12J985] 48 Lateral view 49 Dorsal view 50 Posterior view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. + + +Female unknown. + + + +Etymology +. + + +The species epithet +"misericordia" +is a noun in apposition, derived from the Latin word for pity/mercy. The species is known only from Annadel State Park, one of 70 California state parks that were scheduled to close in 2012 by California Governor Jerry Brown. Local support has kept this park in operation, but its economic foundation remains uncertain. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/11/2B/16112B08669AD5F1F391A32748104AEC.xml b/data/16/11/2B/16112B08669AD5F1F391A32748104AEC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba631b77b11 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/11/2B/16112B08669AD5F1F391A32748104AEC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Le genre Camponotus Mayr. Nouvel essai de sa subdivision en sous-genres. + + + +Author + +Emery, C. + +text + + +Revue de Zoologie Africaine + + +1920 + +8 + + +229 +260 + + + +journal article +3884 +10.5281/zenodo.25546 + + + + +26. - S. - g. +Myrmamblys (Forel) Emery +s. str. + + + +J'ai circonscrit ce sous-genre aux especes neotropicales relativement indifferentes, c'est-a-dire que j'en ai detache quelque« petits groupes particulierement differencies surtout dans la structure de la tete. + +Dans ces limites, le sous-genre en question tient le milieu entre les +Myrmoturba +massifs de l'Amerique meridionale ( +C. chilensis +, +tenuiscapus +, +Bruchi +, etc) par +C. punctulatus +et le sous-genre +Myrmobrachys +. + + +Les ouvrieres presentent generalement un dimorphisme bien accentue dans la forme de la tete. Celle-ci est souvent large et arrondie lateralement, tronquee ou echancree derriere et plus ou moins obtuse par devant chez les grandes [[ worker ]] ( +C. punctulatus +, +fastigatus +, etc.), ou bien longue avec les cotes plus ou moins paralleles et parfois subtronquee par devant ( +C. novogranadensis +, +personatus +, etc). L'epistome des petites [[ worker ]] a generalement le bord anterieur arrondi; celui des grandes est depourvu de lobe. Le dos du corselet est continu, sans echancrure. Le tegument est ordinairement mat. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/11/7E/16117E1A298F1E25D94F32DDC5216FFD.xml b/data/16/11/7E/16117E1A298F1E25D94F32DDC5216FFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e29a9d5c4ec --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/11/7E/16117E1A298F1E25D94F32DDC5216FFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,319 @@ + + + +The genera Albanura Deharveng, 1982 and Persanura Mayvan et al., 2015 are no longer monotypic: description of new species from the Caucasus (Collembola, Neanuridae, Neanurinae, Neanurini) + + + +Author + +Smolis, Adrian + + + +Author + +Kuznetsova, Nataliya + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +737 + + +1 +12 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.737.21191 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.737.21191 +1313-2970-737-1 +E5A60FD4289B4B2D86B1C7BB20F0FE78 +E5A60FD4289B4B2D86B1C7BB20F0FE78 + + + + +Albanura secunda +sp. n. +Figs 1-13, Tables 1, 2, 3 + + + +Type material. +Holotype: male on slide, Russia, Caucasus,Karachaevo-Cherkessiya, Teberdinsky Reserve, spruce forest, litter, Oct.1978, leg. E. Dobrolyubova (DIBEC). Paratype: female on slide, same data as for holotype. + + +Etymology. +The name secunda refers to the fact that the new species is the second member of the genus. + + +Diagnosis. + +Habitus similar to that of +Albanura nana +. Dorsal tubercles present and well developed. Buccal cone long, labrum ogival. Head with chaetae A, B, C, D and E. Chaeta O absent. Tubercles Dl and (L+So) on head with six and nine chaetae respectively. Tubercles De on Th. II and III with three and four chaetae respectively. Tubercles De on Abd. +I-III +with four chaetae. Tubercles L on Abd. III and IV with four and seven chaetae respectively. Abd. IV and V with seven and three tubercles respectively. Abd. V with 3+3 chaetae Di. + + + +Description. +General. Body length (without antennae): 0.8 mm (holotype), 0.9 mm (paratype). Colour of the body white. 2+2 rather large black eyes, in a typical arrangement for the genus (one anterior and one posterior, Fig. 1). + + +Figures 1-13. +Albanura secunda +sp. n.: 1 chaetotaxy of head, Th. and Abd. I (holotype), dorsal view 2 chaetotaxy of tubercles Dl and (L+So) on head, ventrolateral view 3 mandible 4 maxilla 5 chaetotaxy and ventral sclerifications of labrum 6 apical bulb, ventral view 7 dorsal chaetotaxy of Ant. +III-IV +8 ventral chaetotaxy of Ant. III 9 dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. +IV-VI +10 tubercle L of Abd. IV 11 sensillum of Abd. V 12 chaeta Di1 of Abd. V 13 furca rudimentary. + + +Chaetal morphology. Dorsal ordinary chaetae of five types: long macrochaetae, short macrochaetae, very short macrochaetae, mesochaetae and microchaetae. Long macrochaetae relatively thick and short, straight, narrowly sheathed, feebly serrated, apically arc-like or rounded (Figs 1, 9, 12). Macrochaetae Mc and Mcc morphologically similar to long macrochaetae, but much shorter. Mesochaetae similar to ventral chaetae, thin, smooth and pointed. Microchaetae similar to mesochaetae, but shorter. S-chaetae of tergites thin, smooth and short, distinctly shorter than nearby macrochaetae (Figs 1, 9, 11). + +Antennae. Typical of the genus. Dorsal chaetotaxy of Ant. +III-IV +as in Fig. 7 and Table 2. S-chaetae of Ant. IV of medium length and moderately thickened (Fig. 7). Apical vesicle distinct and trilobed (Fig. 6). Ventral chaetotaxy of Ant. +III-IV +as in Fig. 8 and Table 2. + +Mouthparts. Buccal cone long with labral sclerifications ogival. Labrum chaetotaxy: 4/2, 4 (Fig. 5). Labium with four basal, three distal and four lateral chaetae, papillae x absent. Maxilla styliform, mandible thin and tridentate (Figs 3, 4). + +Dorsal chaetotaxy and tubercles. Chaetotaxy of head as in Figs 1, 2 and Table 1. Chaetotaxy of thorax and abdomen as in Figs 3, 4 and Table 3. Th. III with chaetae De3 free (Fig. 1). On Abd. +I-III +, the line of chaetae De1-chaeta s is not perpendicular to the dorsomedian line. No cryptopygy, Abd. VI well visible from above (Fig. 9). + + + +Table 1. Chaetotaxy of +Albanura secunda +sp. n.: cephalic chaetotaxy, dorsal side. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TubercleNumber of chaetaeTypes of chaetaeNames of chaetae
ClMc
Mcc
AfMl
Mc
Mcc
OcMl
Mcc
mi
DiDeMl
Mcc
DlMl
Mc
Mcc
SoMl
Mc
Mcc
me
+ + + +Table 2. Chaetotaxy of +Albanura secunda +sp. n.: chaetotaxy of antennae. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Segment, GroupNumber of chaetaeSegment, GroupNumber of chaetae adult
ormoubrsiv
veapbsmiA
vccabsmiA
vicmbsmiA
cpmiAbrs
+ + + +Table 3. Chaetotaxy of +Albanura secunda +sp. n.: postcephalic chaetotaxy. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TergaLegs
DiDeDlScx2CxTrFe
Th
Thms
Th
AbdVT
AbdVe
AbdVelFumemi
AbdVelVecVeiVl
AbdAgVl
AbdVeAn
+ + +Ventral chaetotaxy. On head, groups Vea, Vem and Vep with 3, 3, 4 chaetae respectively. Group Vi on head with 6 chaetae. Group L on Abd. IV with 7 chaetae (Fig. 10). On Abd. IV, furca rudimentary with 8 microchaetae (Fig. 13). On Abd. V, chaetae Vl and +L' +present. + +Legs. Chaetotaxy of legs as in Table 3. Claw without internal tooth. On tibiotarsus, chaeta M present and chaetae B4 and B5 relatively short and pointed. + + +Remarks. + +Albanura secunda +sp. n is easily distinguished from +A. nana +Cassagnau & +Peja +, 1979, the only other known species in the genus, by its dorsal chaetotaxy: presence/absence of chaeta O on the head (absent in +secunda +; present in +nana +), presence/ +absence +of chaetae E on the head (present in +secunda +; absent in +nana +), number of chaetae Dl on the head (six in +secunda +; five in +nana +), number of ordinary chaetae De on Th. III (three in +secunda +; two in +nana +), number of ordinary chaetae De on Abd. +I-III +(three in +secunda +; two in +nana +), number of chaetae L on Abd. IV (seven in +secunda +; five in +nana +), and number of chaetae Di on Abd. V (3+3 in +secunda +; 2+2 in +nana +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/12/40/1612406CAE999F496DCF31F6A936616F.xml b/data/16/12/40/1612406CAE999F496DCF31F6A936616F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6224f8aa827 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/12/40/1612406CAE999F496DCF31F6A936616F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Catopuma temminckii +subsp. +tristis +Milne-Edwards 1872 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Catopuma temminckii +subsp. +semenovi +(Satunin 1905) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/12/EA/1612EA0E2A81E4C4F299293C4E7E2474.xml b/data/16/12/EA/1612EA0E2A81E4C4F299293C4E7E2474.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f6f4e67256 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/12/EA/1612EA0E2A81E4C4F299293C4E7E2474.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Chlaenius texanus Horn, 1876 + + + + +Chlaenius texanus +G.H. Horn, 1876d: 261. Type locality: +"Texas" +(original citation), herein restricted to Brownsville, Cameron County (MCZ). Syntype(s) [2 originally cited] in MCZ [# 34531]. + + + +Distribution. +This species is known from southern Mississippi (Hancock County, Drew A. Hildebrandt pers. comm. 2008), southern Texas, and northern Mexico (Bell 1960: 151). + + +Records. + +USA +: MS, TX - Mexico + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/08/161308D9DE6F5CE298BF5282493DB9F4.xml b/data/16/13/08/161308D9DE6F5CE298BF5282493DB9F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4cf6e57e744 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/08/161308D9DE6F5CE298BF5282493DB9F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +Earthworm species occurrence in agroecosystems in the Midlands, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa + + + +Author + +Nxele, Thembeka C. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6855-9191 +KwaZulu-Natal Museum, Private Bag 9070, Pietermaritzburg, 3200, South Africa & School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Westville campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa +tnxele@nmsa.org.za + + + +Author + +Mwabvu, Tarombera +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8947-7811 +School of Biology & Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Private Bag X 11283, Mbombela, 1200, South Africa & School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Westville campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa + + + +Author + +Yekwayo, Inam +Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X 1, Mthatha, 5127, South Africa + +text + + +African Invertebrates + + +2021 + +2021-08-12 + + +62 + + +2 + + +411 +425 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.67875 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/afrinvertebr.62.67875 +2305-2562-2-411 +A87C1D0F0D1A4EBDAAE401E8D7850053 +C6DC440B3083564687E5760CE940BEFA + + + + + +Aporrectodea trapezoides ( +Duges +, 1828) + + + + +Type locality. +Montpellier, France + + +RSA distribution + +(Old material). KZN +: Howick, Mooi River and Underberg. +EC +: Cradock, Storm River area, Winterberg Farm, Tsitsikamma, Fish River, Port Elizabeth, Humansdorp, Groot Brak River Staasie, Uitenhage Kerkstraat, Molteno and Burgersdorp. +WC +: Cape Town, Stellenbosch, Piketberg, Knysna, Wellington, Ceres, Tulbagh, Moorreesburg, Kirstenbosch, Swellendam, Jonkershoek, Worcester, Caledon and Montagu. +NC +: Upington, Jan Kempdorp, Nieuwoudtville, Prieska, +Studer's +Pass, Liliefontein. +LP +: Pietersburg. +MP +: Ermelo, Lydenburg, Middelburg and Volksrust. +NW +: Potchefstroom, Klerksdorp and Tranvala Farm. +GP +: Heidelberg, Roodepoort, Pretoria and Irene. +FS +: Heunings Rug and Springfield, Rouxville. New material: +KZN +: Nottingham Road. + + + +Remarks. + + +Aporrectodea trapezoides + +has common occurrence compared to + +A. caliginosa + +. In the current study, this species was collected together with + +A. caliginosa + +on cultivated land with mixed species pasture. The mixed species field is under minimal tilling with little disturbance of the top soil from time to time. Previously, + +Aporrectodea trapezoides + +was collected from natural habitats that include forests, natural bush, cultivated fields and along rivers ( +Plisko 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/2E/16132EDC525DA67D45E2192C57509C05.xml b/data/16/13/2E/16132EDC525DA67D45E2192C57509C05.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a220a9a2ab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/2E/16132EDC525DA67D45E2192C57509C05.xml @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ + + + +Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation + + + +Author + +Candek, Klemen + + + +Author + +Gregoric, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Kostanjsek, Rok + + + +Author + +Frick, Holger + + + +Author + +Kropf, Christian + + + +Author + +Kuntner, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Miller, Jeremy A. + + + +Author + +Hoeksema, Bert W. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +980 +980 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 +1314-2828-1 + + + + +atra +Erigone +Linyphiidae +Animalia + + + + +Erigone atra Blackwall, 1833 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kuntner, +Gregoric +, +Candek + +; sex: +1 male +; Location: locationID: CH02; country: +Switzerland +; locality: +Bernese Alps, Gasteretal +; minimumElevationInMeters: 1698; maximumElevationInMeters: 1698; decimalLatitude: +46.4486 +; decimalLongitude: +7.7438 +; Event: eventDate: +2011-07-07 +; habitat: spruce thicket and grass + + + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kuntner, +Gregoric +, +Candek + +; sex: +1 male +; Location: locationID: CH19; country: +Switzerland +; locality: +Grison Alps, Alp Flix, Salategnas +; minimumElevationInMeters: 1910; maximumElevationInMeters: 1910; decimalLatitude: +46.5172 +; decimalLongitude: +9.6533 +; Event: eventDate: +2011-07-12 +; habitat: flat uncut grassland + + + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kuntner, +Gregoric +, +Candek + +; sex: +1 male +; Location: locationID: CH30; country: +Switzerland +; locality: +Grison Alps, Alp Flix - Lai Flix +; minimumElevationInMeters: 1967; maximumElevationInMeters: 1967; decimalLatitude: +46.5358 +; decimalLongitude: +9.6409 +; Event: eventDate: +2011-07-16 +; habitat: next to alpine lake + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB8A371FF120137FA0FC2D9.xml b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB8A371FF120137FA0FC2D9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..47d6eb4b1a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB8A371FF120137FA0FC2D9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1042 @@ + + + +New species of Rhamphomyia (Diptera: Empididae) from Turkey with a key to species of the Middle East and adjacent territories + + + +Author + +Barták, Miroslav + + + +Author + +Kubík, Štěpán + + + +Author + +Civelek, Hasan Sungur + + + +Author + +Dursun, Oktay + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2014 + +3815 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +45509 +10.11646/zootaxa.3815.1.4 +5f8700e2-3e28-4632-90dc-1fc1e04a5b36 +1175-5326 +227453 +85C22FEE-B288-46B9-B090-1CA03A2ACB19 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Rhamphomyia + +of the Middle East and adjacent territories + + + +Note: “additional characters” are included to distinguish from other species eventually found occurring in the target area. + + + + +1 Acrostichal setae absent................................................................................ 2 + + +- Acrostichal setae present.............................................................................. 8 + + + + + +2(1) One long seta in posteroapical comb on hind tibia. Fore femur without spine-like anterior setae. Anal vein complete (Caucasus; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2012 +, figs 5, 6).................. + + +R. +( +Holoclera +) +subvariabilis +Barták & Kubík + + + + + +- Seta in posteroapical comb on hind tibia very short or absent. Fore femur with row (often irregular) of short spine-like anterior setae. Anal vein incomplete............................................................................ 3 + + + + + +3(2) Dorsocentral setae 2–3 serial ( +Israel +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2009 +, figs 8–10)..................................................................................................... + + +R. +( +Holoclera +) +biserialis +Collin + + + + + +- Dorsocentral setae uniserial............................................................................ 4 + + + + + +4(3) Males [unknown male of +R +. ( + +Holoclera + +) sp. +1 may +belong here, probably with lustrous mesoscutum].................. 5 + + + +- Females............................................................................................ 6 + + + + + +5(4) Cercus long, exceeding epandrium, with very long setae dorsally (South Mediterranean: from Canary Islands, across North Africa, +Cyprus +, +Israel +to +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2009 +, figs 6, 7)...................................................................................................... + + +R. +( +Holoclera +) +tenuipes +Becker + + +(♂) + + + + +- Cercus shorter than epandrium, with short setae. (Additional characters: cercus deeply concave; both epandrium and hypan- drium with short setae) ( +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2009 +, fig. 8)............ + +R. +( + +Holoclera +) + +sp. 2 + +(♂) + + + + + + +6(5) Mesoscutum lustrous, with two narrow microtrichose stripes below dorsocentrals and somewhat broader median stripe. Abdominal segments 2–5 almost without microtrichosity. (Additional characters: supra-alar seta absent, fore coxa yellow) ( +Turkey +)......................................................................... + +R. +( + +Holoclera + +) sp. 1 + +(♀) + + + +- Mesoscutum uniformly microtrichose. Abdominal segments 2–5 at least partly microtrichose........................ 7 + + + + + +7(6) +Hind +femur without long anteroventral seta. Anterior spines on fore femur shorter than +0.02 mm +... + +R. +( + +Holoclera + +) sp. 2 + +(♀) + + + + +- +Hind +femur with or without long preapical anteroventral seta. Anterior spines on fore femur up to +0.03 mm +............................................................................................. + + +R. +( +Holoclera +) +tenuipes + + +(♀ +) + + + + + +8(1) Prosternum with setae................................................................................ 9 + + +- Prosternum without setae............................................................................. 14 + + + + + +9(8) Labrum very long, at least 1.5X longer than height of head. Male genitalia of + +R. tibialis + +type +. (Additional characters: male tergites 6–7 at least partly polished, rest of abdomen pruinose. Female mid femur on both sides and mid tibia, hind femur and hind tibia dorsally with short pennate ciliation) ( +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2008 +, figs 1, 2).................................................................................. + +R. +( +s. str. +) +bohousi +Barták & Kubík + + + + +- Labrum shorter. Genitalia of different shape.............................................................. 10 + + + + +10(9) Males............................................................................................ 11 + + + +- Females (females of + +R. teberdana + +unknown). (Additional characters: abdominal tergite 3 almost bare, at most with minute set- ulae)............................................................................................. 13 + + + + + + +11(10) Cercus without rounded processes when viewed posteriorly. Abdomen entirely microtrichose (Caucasus; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Syrovátka 1983 +, fig. 11)........................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +teberdana +Barták + + +(♂) + + + +- Cercus with two rounded processes when viewed posteriorly. At least abdominal tergite 3 lustrous up to extreme lateral margin.................................................................................................. 12 + + + + + +12(11) Both processes of cercus equal in size and shape (Palaearctic; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 1982 +, fig. +1g +)........................................................................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +sulcata +Meigen + +(♂) + + + + +- Both processes of cercus unequal, the lower one smaller than the upper one (Western Palaearctic; genitalia illustrated by Bar- ták 1982, fig. 1f – as + +R. sulcatina + +)........................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +trilineata +Zetterstedt + +(♂) + + + + + + +13(10) Acrostichals almost regularly biserial. +Hind +tibia not swollen or dilated (oval in cross-section)..... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +trilineata + +(♀) + + + + +- Acrostichals multiserial. +Hind +tibia distinctly swollen and dilated (biconcave in cross-section)....... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +sulcata + +(♀) + + + + + +14(8) Propleural depression setose; axillary angle acute (less than 70°); anal vein complete. All species with more than biserial acros- tichals belong here as well as all species without costal seta.................................................. 15 + + + +- At least one of the three characters above different. Acrostichals always regularly biserial, costal seta always at least +2X +longer than costal ciliation. All species with body at least partly pale (white to brownish-yellow) setose belong here........... 29 + + + + + +15(14) Halter dark (brown to black).......................................................................... 16 + + +- Halter yellow...................................................................................... 19 + + + + +16(15) Costa seta absent................................................................................... 17 + + + +- Costal seta long (♀ of + +R. hermonensis + +unknown).......................................................... 18 + + + + + + +17(16) Male palpus very long with extremely long setae. Female abdomen brown.................. + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +soukupi + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Male palpus short and short setose. Female abdominal tergites 3–6 silvery-grey (temperate and southern parts of Western Palaearctic; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 1982 +, fig. 3c).............................. + +R. +( +s. str. +) +argentata +von Röder + + + + + + + +18(16) Abdomen sublustrous. Mid femur along its length and hind femur in apical half with very short anteroventral setae, about half as long as width of femur; mid tibia lustrous dorsally ( +Israel +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2009 +, figs 4–5).......................................................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +hermonensis +Barták & Kubík + + + + + + +- Abdomen microtrichose. Both middle and hind femora with anteroventral setae at least as long as width of femur; mid tibia microtrichose dorsally (Caucasus; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Syrovátka 1983 +, fig. 13)... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +azauensis +Barták + + + + + + +19(15) Male............................................................................................. 20 + + + +- Female (females of + +R. iranica +, +R. dombai +, + +and + +R. caucasica + +unknown)......................................... 26 + + + + + + +20(19) +Hind +femur without strong setae ventrally. Cercus with submedian rounded process ( +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by + +Barták +et al +. 2007 + +, figs 1–4).................................................. + +R. +( +s. str. +) +karamanensis +Barták et al. + +(♂) + + + + +- +Hind +femur with strong setae ventrally at least on basal third of femur. Cercus without submedian process............. 21 + + + + + + +21(20) Phallus broadened apically ( +Israel +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2009 +, figs 1–3)............................................................................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +furmani +Barták & Kubík + +(♂) + + + +- Phallus narrow apically.............................................................................. 22 + + + + + +22(21) Abdomen silvery-grey (Caucasus)................................................ + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +caucasica +Frey + + +(♂) + + + +- Abdomen brown to black.............................................................................. 23 + + + + + +23(22) Cercus narrow, about twice as long as wide and much narrower than epandrium ( +Iran +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2008 +, figs 6, 7)....................................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +iranica +Barták & Kubík + + +(♂) + + + +- Cercus at least as wide as long and at least as wide as epandrium............................................. 24 + + + + + +24(23) +Hind +tibia with distinct “knee”. +Hind +femur slightly swollen, +2X +broader than hind tibia ( +Turkey +)................................................................................................ + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +academica + +sp. nov. + +(♂) + + + + +- +Hind +tibia without “knee”. +Hind +femur not swollen........................................................ 25 + + + + + + +25(24) +Hind +femur lustrous anteriorly. Hypandrium narrowed apically (Temperate and South parts of Western Palaearctic; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 1982 +, fig. 3a)................................................ + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +tibialis +Meigen + + +(♂) + + + + +- +Hind +femur microtrichose anteriorly. Hypandrium slightly broadened apically (Caucasus; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Syrovátka 1983 +, fig. 14)........................................................ + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +dombai +Barták + + +(♂) + + + + + + +26(19) +Hind +femur swollen and flattened, with dense short subpennate ciliation dorsally........... + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +tibialis +Meigen + + +(♀) + + + + +- +Hind +femur not swollen, with ordinary setae dorsally....................................................... 27 + + + + + + +27(26) +Hind +femur without strong setae ventrally........................................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +karamanensis + +(♀) + + + + +- +Hind +femur with strong setae ventrally.................................................................. 28 + + + + + + +28(27) Mid tibia with distinct “knee”. Larger species (wing length more than +5.5 mm +)................ + +R. +( +s. str. +) + +academica + + +(♀) + + + + +- Mid tibia without “knee”. Smaller species (wing length about +3 mm +).......................... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +furmani + +(♀) + + + + + + +29(14) Male cercus trilobate; eyes separated on frons. Female: cell dm elongated to wing margin or wing with dark spots (female of + +R. tuberifemur + +and + +R. kovalevi + +unknown).................................................................. 30 + + + +- Male cercus simple; eyes separated or meet on frons. Female: cell dm not elongated and wing without dark spots....... 36 + + + + +30(29) Male. (Additional character: dorsal lobe of cercus forms an expansion protruding anteriorly above abdomen, covering at least the last tergite)..................................................................................... 31 + + +- Female........................................................................................... 35 + + + + +31(30) Phallus forms 1–2 outgoing loops...................................................................... 32 + + +- Phallus without outgoing loops........................................................................ 34 + + + + + +32(31) Phallus forms single loop (female unknown) ( +Turkey +)................................... + +R. +( + +Megacyttarus + +) sp. +3 + +♂ + + + +- Phallus forms two loops.............................................................................. 33 + + + + + +33(32) Mid basitarsus with short setae dorsally (Europe, +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 1982 +, fig. 5b)................................................................................... + + +R. +( +Megacyttarus +) +crassirostris +(Fallén) + + +(♂) + + + + +- Mid basitarsus with 3–5 setae dorsally at least as long as basitarsus (Europe, +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by +Collin 1961 +, figs 114, 115)..................................................... + + +R. +( +Megacyttarus +) +maculipennis +Zetterstedt + + +(♂) + + + + + + +34(31) Face narrow ( +0.04 mm +at midlength), narrower than front ocellus. Both laterotergite and abdomen dark setose (Caucasus; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 2004 +, figs 1 a–d)................................ + + +R. +( +Megacyttarus +) +kovalevi +Barták + + +(♂) + + + + +- Face broader (at least +0.10 mm +at midlength). Both abdomen and laterotergite at least partly pale setose. (Additional characters: apical part of hind tibia with dorsal setae which are about 3/4 as long as the length of hind basitarsus. Ventral setae on hind basitarsus shorter than its diameter. Basitarsus of mid leg short setose dorsally) ( +Georgia +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 2004 +, figs 3 a–d)........................................................ + + +R. +( +Megacyttarus +) +tuberifemur +Barták + + +(♂) + + + + + + +35(30) Cell dm not elongated to wing margin; wing with two dark spots................... + + +R. +( +Megacyttarus +) +maculipennis + + +(♀) + + + + +- Cell dm elongated nearly to wing margin; wing without dark spots.................. + + +R. +( +Megacyttarus +) +crassirostris + + +(♀) + + + + + + +36(29) Mesoscutum lustrous, devoid of microtrichosity. (Additional characters: occiput entirely microtrichose, cercus narrower than epandrium) (Temperate and South Europe, Caucasus; genitalia illustrated by +Barták 1985 +, fig 10 b)................................................................... + + +R. +( +Lundstroemiella +) +kerteszi +Oldenberg + + + + + +- Mesoscutum microtrichose........................................................................... 37 + + + + + +37(36) Body entirely black setose. (Additional characters: phallus broadened apically as in species of + +R. albosegmentata + +-group) (Caucasus, female unknown; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Syrovátka 1983 +, figs 12, 15)..... + +R. +( +s. str. +) +drahomirae +Barták + + + + +- Body at least partly pale (whitish-yellow) setose........................................................... 38 + + + + + +38 (37) +Hind +basitarsus narrow. Male eyes contiguous on frons ( +Israel +, +Turkey +; genitalia illustrated by +Barták & Kubík 2009 +, figs 11, 12)................................................................. + + +R. +( +Pararhamphomyia +) +intersita +Collin + + + + + + +- +Hind +basitarsus swollen. Male eyes separated on frons ( +Turkey +)................ + + +R. +( +Lundstroemiella +) +cimrmani +Barták + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB8A37FFF1202C4FC58C1ED.xml b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB8A37FFF1202C4FC58C1ED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e941c2bdbc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB8A37FFF1202C4FC58C1ED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +New species of Rhamphomyia (Diptera: Empididae) from Turkey with a key to species of the Middle East and adjacent territories + + + +Author + +Barták, Miroslav + + + +Author + +Kubík, Štěpán + + + +Author + +Civelek, Hasan Sungur + + + +Author + +Dursun, Oktay + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2014 + +3815 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +45509 +10.11646/zootaxa.3815.1.4 +5f8700e2-3e28-4632-90dc-1fc1e04a5b36 +1175-5326 +227453 +85C22FEE-B288-46B9-B090-1CA03A2ACB19 + + + + + + + +R. +( +Holoclera +) +tenuipes +Becker + + + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Turkey + +: +4♂ +, Akyaka, pasture, +28.iv.–8.v.2013 +, 6 m, +37°03'19''N +, +28°20'07''E +, M. Barták & Š. Kubík leg, +YPWT ++ SW; +1♂ +, 1♀, Mugla prov., Karabagiar plateau, +620 m +, +37°10.728'N +, +28°23.617'E +, +24.iv.2007 +; +1♂ +, +Turkey +, Akyaka, forest, +30 m +, SW, +37°03'16''N +, +28°19'35''E +, M. Barták & Š. Kubík leg, +30.iv.–9.v.2013 +; +1♂ +, Mugla prov., Kavaklidere co., Mentese, + +7.x. +2006 + +, +783 m. + + + + +Remarks +. Broadly distributed across South Mediterranean province from Canary Islands to +Israel +. This species was previously recorded from +Turkey +by +Barták & Kubík (2009) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB9A37EFF12051DFBA5C7B0.xml b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB9A37EFF12051DFBA5C7B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9ecbfde360b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFB9A37EFF12051DFBA5C7B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +New species of Rhamphomyia (Diptera: Empididae) from Turkey with a key to species of the Middle East and adjacent territories + + + +Author + +Barták, Miroslav + + + +Author + +Kubík, Štěpán + + + +Author + +Civelek, Hasan Sungur + + + +Author + +Dursun, Oktay + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2014 + +3815 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +45509 +10.11646/zootaxa.3815.1.4 +5f8700e2-3e28-4632-90dc-1fc1e04a5b36 +1175-5326 +227453 +85C22FEE-B288-46B9-B090-1CA03A2ACB19 + + + + + + + +R. +( +Pararhamphomyia +) +intersita +Collin + + + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Turkey + +: +14♂ +, 13♀, Mugla University campus, +710 m +, MT, +37°09'39''N +, +28°22'20''E +, xi.– +iii.2013 +, M. Barták & Š. Kubík leg. + + + + +Remarks. +Species up to now known only from +Israel +. First record for +Turkey +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/57/16135779FFBAA37DFF120131FC56C7B4.xml b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFBAA37DFF120131FC56C7B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7f9b2a2c8f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/57/16135779FFBAA37DFF120131FC56C7B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ + + + +New species of Rhamphomyia (Diptera: Empididae) from Turkey with a key to species of the Middle East and adjacent territories + + + +Author + +Barták, Miroslav + + + +Author + +Kubík, Štěpán + + + +Author + +Civelek, Hasan Sungur + + + +Author + +Dursun, Oktay + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2014 + +3815 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +45509 +10.11646/zootaxa.3815.1.4 +5f8700e2-3e28-4632-90dc-1fc1e04a5b36 +1175-5326 +227453 +85C22FEE-B288-46B9-B090-1CA03A2ACB19 + + + + + + + +Rhamphomyia +( +Lundstroemiella +) +cimrmani +Barták + + + + + +( +Figs 9–13 +) + + + + + + +Rhamphomyia cimrmani + +Barták, 2006 +: 504 + + +. + + + + + +Material examined +. +35♂ +, 18♀, +Turkey +, Mugla University campus, +710 m +, MT, +37°09'39''N +, +28°22'20''E +, xi.– +iii.2013 +, M. Barták & Š. Kubík leg. + + +Specification of male characters. +Frons with 1–2 pairs of setae on lower part; length of antennal segments = 7–13: 5–8: 46–50: 7–8; 14–18 acrostichals; postpronotum with 0–1 longer (often black) seta and 8–16 pale somewhat shorter setae; notopleuron with pale or dark setae in front part; laterotergite with pale setae or with several black setae intermixed; wing measurements: M2/d = 1.3–1.5, CuA1 ratio = 2.0–2.4, lw:ww = 2.8–3.3; abdominal sternite 1 with several pale setae; hypandrium with 4–7 setulae; length of body +2.9–4.3 mm +, wing 3.0– +3.8 mm +. + + + + +Description of female +. Face shorter and broader than in male, about +0.15 mm +long and +0.12 mm +broad ventrally (at broadest point). All facets nearly equal in size. Occiput with somewhat shorter setae than in male. Labrum twice as long as height of head. Thorax as in male, only setae much shorter, both acrostichals and dorsocentrals about +0.10–0.15 mm +long (only slightly longer than distance between rows of acrostichals and dorsocentrals). +Hind +basitarsus 4 times as long as broad. Abdomen more lustrous than in male, tergites 5–6 polished at least on posterior half, also lateral parts of preceding tergites more or less lustrous, first and last three tergites and all sternites microtrichose. Lateral parts of tergites 2–3 with setae about +0.15 mm +long, setae on distal segments shorter, dorsum of abdomen with much shorter setae. Length of body +3.9–4.3 mm +, wing 3.0– +3.4 mm +. + + + + +Remarks +. + +Rhamphomyia +( +L. +) +cimrmani + +was originally described from a single male specimen. Findings of additional materials enabled us to give more precise specification of male characters including their variations. Female is described here for the first time and images of both male and female including genitalia are added. + + +There are three species of the subgenus + +Lundstroemiella + +with microtrichose mesoscutum and long dark mesoscutal setae at least in males, viz. + +R. longefilata + +, + +R. cimrmani + +and + +R. granadensis +Chvála. The + +last species differs from both former by broad frons in male and microtrichose abdomen in female (see key in +Barták 2006 +). Differences between males: frons in + +R. longefilata + +is about as long as broad and lustrous at least in dorsal half but about 2–2.5 times as long as broad and entirely microtrichose in + +R. cimrmani + +; face in + +R. cimrmani + +is about as long as frons but twice as long as frons in + +R. longefilata + +; abdomen in + +R. longefilata + +is more lustrous and longer setose dorsally than in + +R. cimrmani + +; + +R. longefilata + +has hypandrium with at most two short setae and cercus about as long as high, whereas + +R. cimrmani + +has hypandrium with many setae and cercus about twice as long as high. Female of + +R. longefilata + +has lustrous frons and + +R. cimrmani + +entirely microtrichose. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD48FFCCF7BC2364C81DFB08.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD48FFCCF7BC2364C81DFB08.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8474559d367 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD48FFCCF7BC2364C81DFB08.xml @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + +Euphysothrips: an Old World genus of Thripidae (Thysanoptera) associated with rust fungi (Pucciniales) + + + +Author + +Mound, Laurence A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-12-19 + + +4532 + + +3 + + +447 +450 + + + +journal article +27746 +10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.10 +b89f01cc-43b0-47e5-81bd-0198cb00c2cf +1175-5326 +2615395 +3272CF24-8A3D-4A1B-BD48-6FF077C995AB + + + + + + + +Euphysothrips minozzii +Bagnall + + + + + + + + + +Euphysothrips minozzii + +Bagnall, 1926 +: 646 + + + + + + + +Anaphothrips fungivora + +Ramakrishna, 1928 +: 268 + + +. Synonymised by + +Bhatti, 1972 +: 149 + + + + +Bagnall collected this species from the flowers of + +Clematis vitalba + +[ +Ranunculaceae +] at Perpignan, southern +France +. Over subsequent years the species was discovered widely, and zur Strassen (2003) listed it from +Austria +, +Turkey +, Canary Islands, +Egypt +( +Sinai +), +Iran +, +Yemen +, +India +, +Cape Verde +Islands, +South Africa +, and +Moçambique +. Moreover, +Tyagi and Kumar (2016) +recorded this thrips from southern +India +in +Maharashtra +and +Tamil Nadu +. Specimens from many of these localities have been studied, including Bagnall’s original “ +Type +” from southern +France +( +Mound 1968 +). Despite all these distribution records, neither +Priesner (1965: 292–294) +, +Bhatti (1972) +, nor zur Strassen (2003: 192) provided any precise host association, merely recording that specimens were primarily taken from +Poaceae +and +Juncaceae +. In contrast, as noted above, both +Ramakrishna (1928) +and +Ananthakrishnan (1969: 5) +referred to this thrips as feeding on “rust” on wheat plants. However, further observations are needed to confirm this host association. The possibility that + +minozzii + +may be dependent on rust fungi associated with +Poaceae +, including wheat rust, deserves closer investigation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD48FFCCF7BC2567CC56F9FB.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD48FFCCF7BC2567CC56F9FB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9ef214b7f70 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD48FFCCF7BC2567CC56F9FB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Euphysothrips: an Old World genus of Thripidae (Thysanoptera) associated with rust fungi (Pucciniales) + + + +Author + +Mound, Laurence A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-12-19 + + +4532 + + +3 + + +447 +450 + + + +journal article +27746 +10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.10 +b89f01cc-43b0-47e5-81bd-0198cb00c2cf +1175-5326 +2615395 +3272CF24-8A3D-4A1B-BD48-6FF077C995AB + + + + + + + +Euphysothrips subramanii +(Ramakrishna & Margabandhu) + +( +Figs 1–5 +) + + + + + + + + +Megaphysothrips subramanii + +Ramakrishna and Margabandhu, 1939 +: 25 + + + + + +Described from Mysore in +Karnataka +State, this species is also recorded in +India +from +Tamil Nadu +and +West Bengal +by +Tyagi and Kumar (2016) +. Specimens in the Natural History Museum, London, from these Indian States have been studied, and these were taken from coffee with “diseased leaves” or specifically in association with +Hemileia vastatrix +. The field observations quoted above from Timor Leste suggest that this thrips is probably dependent on this rust fungus for its life history. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD4AFFCCF7BC25CBC80BFE9B.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD4AFFCCF7BC25CBC80BFE9B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a0c66051093 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387ADCD4AFFCCF7BC25CBC80BFE9B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +Euphysothrips: an Old World genus of Thripidae (Thysanoptera) associated with rust fungi (Pucciniales) + + + +Author + +Mound, Laurence A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-12-19 + + +4532 + + +3 + + +447 +450 + + + +journal article +27746 +10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.10 +b89f01cc-43b0-47e5-81bd-0198cb00c2cf +1175-5326 +2615395 +3272CF24-8A3D-4A1B-BD48-6FF077C995AB + + + + + + + +Euphysothrips +Bagnall + + + + + + + + + +Euphysothrips + +Bagnall, 1926 +: 646 + + +. +Type +species: + +Euphysothrips minozzii +Bagnall. + + + + + + +Diagnosis +: +Thripinae +with antennae 7- or 8-segmented, segment I without paired dorso-apical setae, III and IV each with a long, forked sense cone and apex constricted, III–VI with microtrichial rows on both surfaces. Head with 3 pairs of ocellar setae, pair III just within ocellar triangle posterior to fore ocellus; postocular setae pair I close behind ocelli, pairs II and IV long and stout, arranged in a transverse row; mouth cone slender, extending across prosternum, maxillary palps long and 3-segmented. Pronotum with prominent sculpture lines; anterior margin with row of 4–7 pairs of setae, posterior margin with 8 pairs of setae of which one posteroangular seta is longer on each side. Mesonotum with strong sculpture lines, anterior paired campaniform sensilla present, median setae far in front of posterior margin. Metanotum strongly sculptured, campaniform sensilla present or absent, median pair of setae far from anterior margin. Mesosternal furca with spinula, metasternal furca without spinula. Fore wing first vein with 3 widely spaced setae on distal half, second vein with 4 widely spaced setae; clavus with 5 veinal and one discal setae. Tergites I and II transversely sculptured, median setal pair small and anterior to campaniform sensilla, III–VII medially with few or no sculpture lines; II–VII posterior margin with broad craspedum; VIII with long microtrichial comb arising from a narrow craspedum; IX with prominent mid-dorsal setae, anterior campaniform sensilla present or absent; X with longitudinal split. Sternites without discal setae; II with 2 pairs of marginal setae, III–VII with 3 pairs; posterior marginal craspedum present or absent; pleurotergites with posteromarginal fringe of long microtrichia. Male with small pore plate on each of sternites III–VII; tergite IX with long slender setae. + + + + +FIGURES 1–6 +. + +Euphysothrips subramanii + +. +(1) +head; +(2) +fore wing apex; +(3) +pro, meso & metanotum; +(4) +sternites and pleurites IV– VI; +(5) +tergites VII–X; +(6) +female covered in spores on patch of +Hemileia vastatrix +. + + + + +Comments +. Amongst the +Thripinae +this genus is distinguished by the transverse row of prominent postocular setae with postocular setal pair I placed close behind the ocelli ( +Fig. 1 +), and the large number of small setae on the anterior and posterior margins of the pronotum ( +Fig. 3 +). The comb of long microtrichia on tergite VIII is unusual in both species in that these microtrichia arise from a distinct craspedum ( +Fig. 5 +). The key to species below indicates some interesting differences between the two species, particularly the presence/absence of campaniform sensilla, sternal craspeda, and a pair of minute setae on the second abdominal sternite. The genus differs from + +Craspedothrips + +in lacking paired dorsoapical setae on the first antennal segment, and also in the few setae on the first and second fore wing veins. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387C45C08FFE6B7904D823132D5CD.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C08FFE6B7904D823132D5CD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..48dac949139 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C08FFE6B7904D823132D5CD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1709 @@ + + + +Guasuctenus gen. nov., a new Neotropical spider genus of Ctenidae (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Polotow, Daniele + + + +Author + +Brescovit, Antonio D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +539 +550 + + + +journal article +26329 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.6 +d2dda052-5654-4b34-bf72-b6d557300f7e +1175-5326 +3265596 +B8075237-A0FD-4884-9DAA-3F76CB93528A + + + + + + + +Guasuctenus vittatissimus +( +Strand, 1916 +) + +new rank, new comb. + + + + + + +Figs 6–8 + + + + + + +Ctenus longipes vittatissimus + +Strand, 1916: 130 + + +, 131 (one female +lectotype +and two immature +paralectotypes +, here designated, from Joinville, +Santa Catarina +, +Brazil +, W. Ehrhardt coll., deposited in SMF 4541 and 4561, respectively, examined). +World Spider Catalog 2019 +. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males of + +Guasuctenus vittatissimus + +( +Fig. 7A +) can be distinguished from + +G. longipes + +( +Fig. 5A +) by the median apophysis and base of embolus smaller, locking lobes of embolus visible in ventral view, and RTA larger and truncated. Females of + +Guasuctenus vittatissimus + +( +Figs 6B +, +7C +) can be distinguished from + +G. longipes + +( +Figs 4B +, +5C +) by the median field of epigynum wider than longer, and lateral projections of the epigynum shorter and pointing ventrally. + + + + + +Description. +Male (MHCI 3504). + +Carapace, sternum, endites, labium, and legs light brown; chelicerae reddish brown, with basal condyle light brown; opisthosoma with light brown venter and dorsum dark brown with a lighter longitudinal band. Total length 16.7. Carapace 10.0 long and 7.6 wide. Clypeus 0.32 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.35, ALE 0.37, PME 0.40, PLE 0.44. Leg measurements: I: femur 12.3/ patella 4.8/ tibia 12.9/ metatarsus 12.3/ tarsus 5.2/ total 47.5; II: 11.1/ 4.8/ 10.5/ 10.5/ 4.1/ 41.0; III: 9.6/ 4.1/ 8.6/ 9.4/ 3.8/ 35.5; IV: 12.2/ 4.1/ 12.4/ 14.7/ 4.8/ 48.2. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II +v2-2 +-2-2-2, r0-1-0, p0-1-0; III and IV +v2-2 +-2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II +v2-2 +-2, r0-1-0, p0-1-0; III +v2-2 +-2, p1-1-1, r1-1-1; IV +v1-1 +-1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Palp ( +Figs 6A +, +7 +A–B): tibia straight with short RTA; cymbium elongated, slightly longer than tibia; dorsal cymbial apophysis with large base and pointed tip; embolus with large base and curved retrolaterally, with laminar locking lobes visible ventrally; conductor wider than long; tegulum not projected; median apophysis with oblique base. + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Guasuctenus vitattissimus +( +Strand, 1916 +) + +. A, male palp, ventral view, with arrow pointing retrolateral projection of the +embolus +.; B, epigynum, ventral view, with arrow pointing posterior lateral excavations. + + + +Female. (MHCI 3505). +Coloration as in male. Total length 26.8. Carapace 11.8 long and 9.1 wide. Clypeus 0.55 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.37, ALE 0.37, PME 0.38, PLE 0.40. Leg measurements: I: femur 10.7/ patella 5.5/ tibia 10.2/ metatarsus 8.6/ tarsus 3.5/ total 38.5; II: 10.0/ 5.0/ 8.6/ 8.1/ 3.3/ 35.0; III: 8.9/ 4.2/ 7.3/ 7.7/ 3.3/ 31.4; IV: 11.1/ 4.5/ 9.4/ 11.9/ 3.8/ 40.7. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: tibia I and II +v2-2 +-2-2-2, r0, p0; III and IV +v2-2 +-2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II +v2-2 +-2, r0, p0; III +v2-2 +-2, r1-1-1, p-1-1-1; IV +v1-1 +-1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1- 1-1. Epigynum ( +Figs 6B +, +7 +C–D): median field wider than long, with large lateral excavations and setae covering central area; lateral fields bearing robust lateral projections; copulatory ducts curved inward; base of spermathecae bean-shaped and head of spermathecae small and covered by the base of spermathecae; fertilization ducts laminar. +Variation. +10 males +: total length: 16.9–20.8; carapace length: 9.0–10.9; femur I length: 10.3– + +12.2. +10 + +females: total length: 18.8–28.8; carapace length: 8.9–13.2; femur I length: 7.9–11.5. Embolus with ( +Fig. 6A +) or without ( +Fig. 7A +) retrolateral projection. + + + + +Additional material examined. + +BRAZIL +. + +Rio de Janeiro + + +. + +Rio de Janeiro +( +Jardim Botânico +, +-22.967 +, +-43.225 +), +1 female +, + +V.1909 + +, +W. Jungmann +coll. ( +SMF +) + +. + + +São Paulo + +. +Viradouro +( +-20.871 +, +-48.295 +), +1 female +, + +II.1950 + +, +A. Cruz +coll. ( +IBSP 1055 +) + +; + +Amparo +( +Arcadas +, +-22.724 +, +-46.838 +), +1 female +, + +24.V.1990 + +( +IBSP 14103 +) + +; + +Morungaba +( +-22.883 +, +-46.788 +), +1 female +, + +15.IV.2002 + +, +R. Rodrigo +coll. ( +IBSP 34985 +) + +; + +Tietê +( +-23.095 +, +-47.712 +), +1 female +, XII.994, +A.A. Moraes +coll. ( +IBSP 6032 +) + +; + +Itu +( +-23.264 +, +-47.293 +), +1 female +, + +23.VII.1973 + +, +R. D’Ávila +coll. ( +IBSP 8136 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +6.V.1999 + +, +R. D’Ávila +coll. ( +IBSP 23557 +) + +; + +Guararema +( +-23.414 +, +-46.034 +), +1 female +, + +2.II.1970 + +, +J.C. Pestana +coll. ( +IBSP 2441 +) + +; + +Itapetininga +( +-23.589 +, +-48.033 +), +1 female +, + +3.XII.2001 + +, +C. Antonio +coll. ( +IBSP 34982 +) + +; + +Piedade +( +- 23.711 +, +-47.417 +), +1 female +, + +20.VII.2001 + +, +M. Datu +coll. ( +IBSP 29257 +) + +; + +Ibiúna +( +-23.792 +, +-47.196 +), +1 male +, + +11.III.1980 + +, +M. Issler +coll. ( +IBSP 1360 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +2.VII.2001 + +, +F.S. Takamura +coll. ( +IBSP 32158 +) + +; + +Cotia +( +-23.606 +, +-46.904 +), +1 female +, + +IV.1984 + +, +L. Berginarra +coll. ( +IBSP 4679 +) + +; + +Caucaia do Alto +( +-23.699 +, +-47.019 +), +1 female +, + +III.1960 + +, +U.M. Silva +coll. ( +IBSP 1510 +) + +; + +Embú-Guaçu +( +-23.843 +, +-46.821 +), +2 males +, + +III.1995 + +, +C. Casoy +col. ( +IBSP 5982 +, +6188 +) + +; + +Itapecerica da Serra +( +-23.733 +, +-46.856 +), +2 males +, + +13.III.1972 + +, +M. Grassmann +coll. ( +IBSP 2532 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +I.1991 + +, +L. Jost +coll. ( +IBSP 5050 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +24.X.2000 + +, +D. Rocha +col. ( +IBSP 27333 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +27.III.2000 + +, +J.A. Nogueira +coll. ( +IBSP 27482 +) + +; + +São Paulo +( +-23.562 +, +-46.642 +), +1 female +, + +IV.1974 + +, +A. Toth +coll. ( +IBSP 2722 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +29.XII.1998 + +, +F.C. Pioker +coll. ( +IBSP 20317 +); ( +Itaquera +, +-23.544 +, +-46.455 +) + +, + +1 female +, + +30.V.1993 + +, +A.H. Souza +coll. ( +IBSP 8055 +); ( +Santo Amaro +, +-23.651 +, +-46.705 +) + +, + + +III.1995 + +, +R. Sales +coll. ( +IBSP 6026 +); ( +Reservatório Guarapiranga +, +Ilha dos Eucaliptos +, +-23.733 +, +-46.733 +) + +, + +5 males +, +8 females +, + +7−13.X.2004 + +, +I. Cizauskas +& +C.R.M Garcia +coll. ( +IBSP 65614 +, +65616−65620 +, +65622−65625 +) + +; + +Salesópolis +( +-23.584 +, +-45.842 +), +1 female +, + +8–10.IV.2000 + +, +A.D. Brescovit +coll. ( +IBSP 27082 +) + +; + +Pilar do Sul +( +-23.849 +, +-47.729 +), +1 female +, + +IX.1985 + +, +E. Oliveira +coll. ( +IBSP 4693 +) + +; + +São Lourenço da Serra +( +-23.855 +, +-46.939 +), +1 female +, + +10.X.1979 + +, +R. Bush +coll. ( +IBSP 8542 +); ( +Sítio Estrela +) + +, + +1 male +, + +III.1976 + +, +G.J. Abdo +coll. ( +IBSP 5171 +) + +; + +Juquitiba +( +-23.946 +, +-47.037 +), +1 female +, + +VIII.1991 + +, +V.B. Oliveira +coll. ( +IBSP 5825 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +III.1982 + +, +A. Dib +coll. ( +IBSP 3144 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +II.1986 + +, +A. Bosseto +col. ( +IBSP 4983 +) + +; + +1 female +, + + +VI +.1984 + + +, +A. Barberini +coll. ( +IBSP 4681 +) + +; + +São Vicente +( +Ilha Porchat +, +-23.977 +, +-46.371 +), +1 female +, + +9.V.1967 + +, +E. Bozaciyan +coll. ( +IBSP 2070 +) + +; + +Ribeirão Grande +( +-24.172 +, +-48.363 +), +1 male +, + +23.IV.1996 + +, +A. Nogueira +coll. ( +IBSP 7614 +) + +; + +Juquiá +( +-24.317 +, +-47.634 +), +1 female +, + + +3. +VI +.1986 + + +, +V.R. Costa +coll. ( +IBSP 8524 +) + +; + +Miracatu +( +-24.199 +, +-47.407 +), +1 female +, + +9.V.1972 + +( +IBSP 2542 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +IX.1985 + +, +M. Olani +coll. ( +IBSP 4694 +) + +; + +Mongaguá +( +-24.110 +, +-46.676 +), +1 male +, + +VII.1971 + +, +A. Maia +coll. ( +IBSP 2433 +) + +; + +São Sebastião +( +Ilha de Alcatrazes +, +-24.100 +, +-45.692 +), +1 male +, +3 females +, + + +VI +.1950 + + +, +IBSP +team coll. ( +IBSP 994 +, +1088 +) + +; + +1 male +, +4 females +, + +XII.1996 + +, +R. Bertani +coll. ( +IBSP 7887 +, +7888 +) + +; + +Itanhaém +( +-24.152 +, +-46.824 +), +1 female +, + +IV.1978 + +, +W. Francisco +coll. ( +IBSP 4698 +) + +; + +Capão Bonito +( +-24.154 +, +-48.288 +), +1 female +, + +IX.2002 + +, +P. Caruso +coll. ( +IBSP 41285 +) + +; + +Eldorado +( +Parque Estadual Intervales +, +-24.326 +, +-48.192 +), +1 female +, + +IX.2001 + +, +D. Peccinini +coll. ( +IBSP 14934 +) + +; + +Iporanga +( +-24.584 +, +-48.593 +), +1 female +, + +V.1986 + +, +I.H. Waligora +coll. ( +IBSP 4180 +); ( +Parque Estadual Intervales +, +-24.308 +, +-48.274 +) + +, + +1 female +, + +31.VIII.2001 + +, +F.P. Franco +coll. ( +IBSP 36324 +); ( +Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira +, +-24.543 +, +-48.682 +) + + +1 male +, + +10.IV.2001 + +, +F. Pellegatti-Franco +coll. ( +IBSP 27897 +) + +; + +Iguape +( +-24.558 +, +-47.437 +), +1 male +, +1 female +, + +12–18.VII.2004 + +, +Equipe Biota +coll. ( +IBSP 44858 +) + +. + + +Paraná +. + +Piraí do Sul +( +-24.506 +, +- 49.946 +), +1 female +, + +15.I.1935 + +, +G. Fonseca +coll. ( +IBSP 153 +) + +; + +Castro +( +-24.797 +, +-50.001 +), +1 female +, + +XII.1958 + +, A. May- er coll. ( +MHCI 4221 +) + +; + +Guaraqueçaba +, ( +Parque Nacional de Superagüi +, +-25.340 +, +-48.170 +) +12 males +, +7 females +, 1 immature, + +12−14/XII/2016 + +, +M. Rincão +coll. ( +IBSP 215866 +; 215908, 215923, 215926, 215930, 215934−215935, 215937, 215945, 216086, 216096, 216099, 216104−216105, 216116−216117, 217755, 217760−217761, 217765) + +; + +Candói +/ +Mangueirinha +( +Usina Hidrelétrica de Segredo +, +Reservatório do Rio Jordão +, +-25.793 +, +-52.109 +), +1 female +, + +24.IV–4.V.1996 + +, +R. Bertani +coll. ( +IBSP 7209 +) + +; + +Palmeira +( +-25.426 +, +-50.003 +), +1 female +, + +26.III.1951 + +, +J.B. Bastos +coll. ( +IBSP 652 +) + +; + +Curitiba +( +-25.461 +, +-49.284 +), +2 males +, +R. Lange +coll. ( +MHCI 1015 +, +1016 +) + +; + +1 female +, 1942, +R. Lange +coll. ( +MHCI 1558 +) + +; + +1 male +, + + +5. +VI +.1966 + + +, +E. Rosal +coll. ( +MHCI 4501 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +24/III/1968 + +, +A. Mayer +coll. ( +MHCI 4629 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +4.III.1968 + +, +E. Rosal +coll. ( +MHCI 4681 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +XI.2001 + +, +E. Ramires +coll. ( +IBSP 35896 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +V.2002 + +, +E. Ramires +coll. ( +IBSP 38183 +) + +; + +Piraquara +( +-25.452 +, +-49.067 +), +1 male +, +1 female +, + +II.1945 + +, +B. Hertel +coll. ( +MHCI 1584 +, +1585 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +V.1985 + +, +E. Guimarães +coll. ( +IBSP 4690 +); ( +Volta Grande +, +-25.450 +, +-49.054 +) + + +1 male +, +1 female +, +B. Hertel +coll. ( +MHCI 3504 +, +3505 +, drawings and measurements) + +; + +Araucária +( +-25.583 +, +-49.399 +), +1 female +, + +18.III.1952 + +, +C. Halssemann +coll. ( +IBSP 686 +) + +; + +Matinhos +( +-25.791 +, +-48.534 +), +1 male +, + +I.1986 + +, +F. Straube +coll. ( +MHCI 1587 +) + +; + +Mallet +( +-25.895 +, +-50.841 +), +1 female +, + +31.X.1934 + +, +H.L. José +coll. ( +IBSP 426 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +4.VII.1973 + +, +M.M. Domaradsky +coll. ( +IBSP 2673 +) + +; + +Tijucas do Sul +( +-25.925 +, +-49.178 +), +2 females +, + +27.VII–30.IX.2000 + +, +J. Ricetti +coll. ( +IBSP 39098 +, +39132 +); ( +Lagoa +, +-25.954 +, +-49.218 +) + + +1 female +, + +14.II.2001 + +, +J. Ricetti +coll. ( +IBSP 39205 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +28.X.2001 + +, +J. Ricetti +coll. ( +IBSP 39131 +) + +; + +União da Vitória +( +-26.221 +, +-51.058 +), +1 male +, + +11.III.1935 + +, +A. Zeiger +coll. ( +IBSP 422 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +20.X.1967 + +, +B. Behr +coll. ( +IBSP 2082 +) + +; + +5 females +, 1970, +V. Eickstedt +coll. ( +IBSP 2503 +) + +; + +Pinhão +( +Usina Hidrelétrica Foz do Areia +, +-26.006 +, +-51.669 +), +2 females +, + +IV.1980 + +( +IBSP 2217 +) + +; + +4 females +, + +20–23.IV.1980 + +, +IBSP +team coll. ( +IBSP 10504 +, +10521 +, +10536 +) + +. + + +Santa Catarina +. + +Mafra +( +-26.124 +, +-49.817 +), +1 female +, + +13.IX.1948 + +, +A. Souza +coll. ( +IBSP 103 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +IX/1948 + +, +A. Souza +coll. ( +IBSP 3197 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +II.1956 + +, +A. Souza +coll. ( +IBSP 1211 +) + +; + +Porto União +( +- 26.239 +, +-51.081 +), +1 female +, + +XI.1996 + +, +E.J. Sanches +coll. ( +IBSP 16236 +); ( +Lança +) + + +1 female +, + +8.III.1935 + +, +G. Perske +coll. ( +IBSP 154 +) + +; + +Corupá +( +-26.435 +, +-49.245 +), +1 male +, + +25.III.1949 + +, +G. Roeder +coll. ( +IBSP 208 +) + +; + +Blumenau +( +Parque Natural Municipal Nascentes do Garcia +, +-27.016 +, +-49.150 +), +1 female +, + +21−28.I.2003 + +( +IBSP 127441 +) + +; + +Florianópolis +( +Reserva Biológica Marinha Arvoredo +, +-27.225 +, +-48.365 +), +1 female +, + +13–14.X.1994 + +, +A.A. Lise +coll. ( +MCTP 5110 +); ( +Ilha do Arvoredo +, +-27.281 +, +-48.366 +) + +, + +1 female +, + +15–16.X.1993 + +, +A.A. Lise +coll. ( +MCTP 4050 +) + +; + +Rancho Queimado +( +-27.682 +, +-49.081 +), +2 females +, + +XI/1995 + +, +A.B. Bonaldo +coll. ( +MCN +26735) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Southern and southeastern +Brazil +( +Fig. 8 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0BFFE9B7904F76311CD79A.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0BFFE9B7904F76311CD79A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0519d748663 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0BFFE9B7904F76311CD79A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,910 @@ + + + +Guasuctenus gen. nov., a new Neotropical spider genus of Ctenidae (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Polotow, Daniele + + + +Author + +Brescovit, Antonio D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +539 +550 + + + +journal article +26329 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.6 +d2dda052-5654-4b34-bf72-b6d557300f7e +1175-5326 +3265596 +B8075237-A0FD-4884-9DAA-3F76CB93528A + + + + + + + +Guasuctenus longipes +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 1–5 +, +8 + + + + + + +Ctenus longipes + +Keyserling, 1891: 150 + + +, pl. 4, fig. 103 (male +holotype +from Rio Grande, +Rio Grande do Sul +, +Brazil +, von Ihering coll., deposited in BMNH 1890.7.1.2913, examined). + +Strand 1909: 305 + +; + +Mello-Leitão 1936: 10 + +, pl. 1, fig. 14, pl. 2, figs 12−13; +Polotow & Brescovit 2014 +, fig. 9C−D; +World Spider Catalog 2019 +. + + + + + +Ctenus griseus + +Keyserling, 1891: 152 + + +, pl. 4, fig. 105 (female +holotype +from Rio Grande, +Rio Grande do Sul +, +Brazil +, E. Keyserling coll., deposited in BMNH 1890.7.1.2916, examined). +World Spider Catalog 2019 +. +Syn. Nov. + + + + + +Ctenus vertebratus +F.O. + +Pickard-Cambridge, 1902: 404 + + +, pl. 7, fig. 11 (female +holotype +from Taquara, +Rio Grande do Sul +, +Brazil +, deposited in BMNH, not examined). + +Mello-Leitão 1931: 13 + +, fig. 4; + +Mello-Leitão 1936: 30 + +, fig. 13 (Syn.); +World Spider Catalog 2019 +. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Males of + +Guasuctenus longipes + +( +Fig. 5A +) can be distinguished from + +G. vittatissimus + +( +Fig. 7A +) by the median apophysis and base of embolus larger, and RTA slender. Females of + +Guasuctenus longipes + +( +Figs 4B +, +5C +) can be distinguished from + +G. vittatissimus + +( +Figs 6B +, +7C +) by the median field subpentagonal and shorter lateral projections of the epigynum, pointing to center of the venter of the opisthosoma. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Guasuctenus longipes +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + +, male. A, left male palp, ventral view; B, dissected embolus, proventral view; C, dissected median apophysis, dorsal view. + + + + + +Description. +Male (MCTP 47). + +Carapace, sternum, endites, labium, and legs light brown; chelicerae reddish brown, with basal condyle light brown; opisthosoma with light brown venter and dark brown dorsum with a lighter longitudinal band. Total length 17.30. Carapace 10.30 long and 8.20 wide. Clypeus 0.22 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.36, ALE 0.36, PME 0.48, PLE 0.40. Leg measurements: I: femur 12.20/ patella 5.00/ tibia 13.00/ metatarsus 12.30/ tarsus 5.40/ total 47.90; II: 11.60/ 4.80/ 10.70/ 10.70/ 4.50/ 42.30; III: 10.00/ 3.90/ 8.40/ 9.50/ 3.80/ 35.60; IV: 12.00/ 4.10/ 11.50/ 14.80/ 4.20/ 46.60. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: tibia I and II +v2-2 +-2-2-2, r0-1-0, p0-1-0; III and IV +v2-2 +-2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II +v2-2 +-2, r0-1-0, p0-1-0; III +v2-2 +-2, p1-1-1, r1-1-1; IV +v1-1 +-1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Palp ( +Figs 3 +A–C, 5A–B): tibia straight with short RTA; cymbium elongated, longer than tibia; dorsal cymbial apophysis with large base and truncated tip; embolus with large base and curved retrolaterally, with laminar locking lobes; conductor wider than long; tegulum not projected; median apophysis with large base. + + +Female (MCTP 234). +Coloration as in male. Total length 21.9. Carapace 10.5 long and 8.4 wide. Clypeus 0.42 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.34, ALE 0.34, PME 0.36, PLE 0.44. Leg measurements: I: femur 9.1/ patella 4.4/ tibia 8.7/ metatarsus 7.7/ tarsus 3.1/ total 33.0; II: 8.5/ 4.2/ 7.5/ 6.8/ 2.9/ 29.9; III: 7.5/ 3.6/ 6.3/ 6.6/ 2.7/ 26.7; IV: 9.7/ 3.8/ 8.7/ 10.3/ 3.4/ 35.9. Leg formula 4123. Leg spination: tibia I and II +v2-2 +-2-2-2, r0, p0; III and IV +v2-2 +-2, r1-1, p1-1; metatarsus I and II +v2-2 +-2, r0, p0; III +v2-2 +-2, r1-1-1, p-1-1-1; IV +v1-1 +-1-1-1-2, r1-1-1, p1-1-1. Epigynum ( +Figs 4 +B–D, 5C–D): median field subpentagonal, with small lateral excavations and setae covering central area; lateral fields bearing robust lateral projections; copulatory ducts curved inward; base of spermathecae bean-shaped and head of spermathecae with reborded margins; fertilization ducts laminar. + + +Variation. +10 males +: total length: 16.3–24.4; carapace length: 8.6–13.5; femur I length: 9.6– + +13.9. +10 + +females: total length: 16.6–29.8; carapace length: 8.6–13.5; femur I length: 7.6–11.9. + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Guasuctenus longipes +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + +, female. A, claw of left pedipalp, prolateral view; B, epigynum, ventral view; C, female internal genitalia, dorsal view; D, right spermathecae, dorsal close-up view. + + + + +Additional material examined. + +BRAZIL +. + +Santa Catarina + +. +Seara +( +-27.147 +, +-52.336 +), +1 male +, + +31.I.1996 + +, +A.B. Bonaldo +, +A. Kury +& R. Rocha coll. ( +MCN +) + +; + +Jacinto Machado +( +-49.763 +, +-28.997 +), +1 female +, + +XII.1976 + +, +J.E. Lima +coll. ( +IBSP 2844 +) + +. + + +Rio Grande do Sul + +. +Bom Jesus +( +-28.610 +, +-50.427 +), +1 female +, + +28–30.III.1998 + +, +A.B. Bonaldo +coll. ( +MCN +29279); ( +Itaimbézinho +, +-28.650 +, +-50.637 +) + + +2 females +, + +3.XI.1962 + +, +L. Buckup +coll. ( +MCN 1804 +) + +. + +Nova Prata +( +-28.785 +, +-51.608 +), +1 female +, + +20.IV.1973 + +, +E.J. Hilani +coll. ( +MCN 3648 +) + +; + +Arroio do Tigre +( +-29.334 +, +-53.088 +), +1 female +, + +6.V.1978 + +, +E.H. Buckup +coll. ( +MCN 7832 +) + +; + +Bento Gonçalves +( +-29.154 +, +-51.519 +), +1 male +, + +30.III.1991 + +, +M. Bernardo +coll. ( +MCTP 47 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +15.III.1993 + +, +V. Bernardes +coll. ( +MCTP 3060 +) + +; + +2 males +, + +IV.1995 + +, +A. Bernardo +coll. ( +MCTP 6190 +) + +; + +Canela +( +-29.352 +, +-50.802 +), +1 male +, + +5.II.1977 + +, +A. Lise +coll. ( +MCN 5182 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +3.III.2003 + +, +C. Lessa +coll. ( +MCN +35200) + +; + +São Francisco de Paula +( +-29.273 +, +-50.534 +), +1 female +, + +14.V.1993 + +, +A. Braul +coll. ( +MCTP 6233 +) + +; + +1 male +, +Pristo +coll. ( +MNRJ 13053 +); ( +Pró-Mata +, +-29.480 +, +-50.174 +) + + +1 female +, + +9.X.1994 + +, +A. Braul +& +R. Ott +coll. ( +MCTP 5481 +); ( +Cazuza Ferreira +, +-28.931 +, +-50.658 +) + + +1 male +, + +24.III.1973 + +, +A. Lise +coll. ( +MCN 915 +) + +; + +Torres +( +-29.342 +, +-49.765 +), +1 female +, + +29.X.1956 + +, +T. Lessa +coll. ( +MCN 1730 +) + +; + +Santa Maria +( +-29.703 +, +-53.742 +), +1 male +, + + +27. +VI +.1999 + + +, +L. Indrusiak +coll. ( +IBSP 168743 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +01/IV/2000 + +, +L. Indrusiak +coll. ( +IBSP 214684 +); ( +Zona Urbana +) + +, + +1 male +, + +IV.2000 + +, +L. Indrusiak +coll. ( +IBSP 168745 +) + +; + +Santa Cruz do Sul +( +-29.724 +, +-52.428 +), +1 female +, + +VIII.1950 + +, +R. Steinhaus +coll. ( +IBSP 1120 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +22.IV.1995 + +, +R. Ott +coll. ( +MCTP 6111 +) + +; + +Novo Hamburgo +( +-29.725 +, +-51.086 +), +1 female +, + + +17. +VI +.1988 + + +, +C.J. Becker +coll. ( +MCTP 234 +) + +; + +2 female +, + +1.X.1986 + +, +C.J. Becker +coll. ( +MCTP 248 +, +249 +) + +; + +Taquara +( +- 29.651 +, +-50.784 +), +1 female +, + +17.IV.1975 + +, +A. Lise +coll. ( +MCN 2581 +) + +; + +Maquiné +( +-29.611 +, +-50.240 +), +1 female +, + +16.I.1993 + +, +G.L. Fiorentia +coll. ( +MCTP 3129 +); ( +Fepagro +, +-29.650 +, +-50.200 +) + +, + +1 female +, + +18–27.I.2002 + +, +Equipe Biota +coll. ( +IBSP 88096 +) + +; + +São Leopoldo +( +-29.764 +, +-51.147 +), +1 female +, + +26.IV.1963 + +, +T. Lessa +coll. ( +MCN 1219 +) + +; + +Rio Pardo +( +-29.994 +, +-52.442 +), +1 male +, + +10.II.1969 + +, +A. Lise +coll. ( +MCN 418 +) + +; + +Porto Alegre +( +-30.021 +, +-51.179 +), +1 female +, +Gliesch +coll. ( +MNRJ 13035 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +5.IV.1968 + +, +A. Lise +coll. ( +MCN 659 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +15.IV.1968 + +, +A. Lise +coll. ( +MCN 384 +) + +; + +1 female +, + +12.VIII.1991 + +, +D. Picada +coll. ( +MCTP 1580 +) + +; + +1 male +, + +27.I.1995 + +, +E.M. da Silva +coll. ( +MCN +26481) + +; + +Viamão +( +Itapuã +, +Praia das Pombas +, +-30.340 +, +-51.036 +), +1 female +, + +13/12/1994 + +, +A.P. Lopes +coll. ( +IBSP 52224 +) + +. + +URUGUAY +. +1 male +, 1991, +M. Simó +coll. ( +IBSP 11908 +) + +; + + +Treinta y Tres + +. +Treinta y Tres +, ( +Yerbal Chico river +, +-32.927 +, +-54.456 +), +1 male +( +FCE +) + +. + + +Courtship behavior. +Recently described by + +Trillo +et al. +(2018) + +from specimens collected at the ravine shorelines of Yerbal Chico river, close to Quebrada de los Cuervos, +Treinta y Tres +, +Uruguay +. Vouchers were examined and the identification was confirmed. + + + + +Distribution. +Southern +Brazil +and +Uruguay +( +Fig. 8 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0EFFEBB7904B35376FD626.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0EFFEBB7904B35376FD626.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e2bc1d7f5f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0EFFEBB7904B35376FD626.xml @@ -0,0 +1,246 @@ + + + +Guasuctenus gen. nov., a new Neotropical spider genus of Ctenidae (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Polotow, Daniele + + + +Author + +Brescovit, Antonio D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +539 +550 + + + +journal article +26329 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.6 +d2dda052-5654-4b34-bf72-b6d557300f7e +1175-5326 +3265596 +B8075237-A0FD-4884-9DAA-3F76CB93528A + + + + + + + +Guasuctenus + +gen. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +species. + + +Ctenus longipes +Keyserling, 1891 + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The root word “ +-gûasu +” is commonly used in the Tupi-Guarani linguistic family and it means “large”. It refers to the large size of some females of this genus that can reach almost +30 mm +of total length (from carapace to opisthosoma). The Tupi-Guarani linguistic family is one of the most important of South America and include several indigenous languages spoken in the area where the genus is distributed. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Guasuctenus + +species can be distinguished from the remaining Neotropical Cteninae by the presence of a synapomorphic cymbial dorsal projection on the male palp ( +Polotow & Brescovit 2014 +: char. 17; +Figs 5B +, +7B +). The genus can be also diagnosed by the presence of a short and subconical RTA in the male palp ( +Figs 3A +, +5A +, +6A +, +7A +) and by the median field of the epigynum with posterior lateral excavations ( +Figs 4B +, +5C +, +6B +, +7C +). + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Guasuctenus longipes +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + +, female. A, left chelicerae in retrolateral view, showing fang and apical area of basal segment with teeth; B, left endite, close-up on subapical serrula; C–D, left tarsus, leg I. C, trichobotria; D, tarsal organ. + + + + +Description. +Medium to large-sized ecribellate spiders. Total body length (males and females): 16.3–29.8. Carapace piriform. Thoracic groove longitudinal. Chilum divided. Eyes: ctenoid pattern 2-4-2, with the anterior and posterior row recurved in dorsal view. Eyes round, except the anterior lateral oval. Clypeus with long, erect black bristles. Clypeus high proportional to AME diameter. Chelicerae promargin of fang furrow with three teeth, the median almost twice as high as the laterals; retromargin with four similar sized teeth ( +Fig. 1A +); intermarginal denticles present between pro and retromarginal teeth. Endites three times labium length, with external lateral margin excavated, distally truncate. Subapical serrula ( +Fig. 1B +). Labium short, as long as wide, with rounded tip bearing dense apical scopula. Sternum oval, not extending between legs IV. Trochanters deeply notched. Ventral scopula on tarsi and metatarsi dense in females and light in males. Tibiae I and II with five pairs of ventral spines and metatarsi I and II with tree pairs of ventral spines. Trichobothrial bases transversely ridged ( +Fig. 1C +). Capsulated tarsal organ with drop-shaped aperture ( +Fig. 1D +). Tarsi with two pectinate claws and dense claw tufts. Female pedipalp claw pectinate with elongated teeth ( +Fig. 4A +). Opisthosoma oval with numerous dorsal, erect black bristles. Cribellum absent. Six spinnerets, ALS ( +Fig. 2A, D +) and PLS ( +Fig. 2C, F +) two-segmented, PMS one-segmented ( +Fig. 2B, E +). ALS with PI spigots interspersed with tartipores ( +Fig. 2A, D +). ALS with a pair of large MAP spigots ( +Fig. 2A, D +). PMS lacks a paracribellum and present small AC spigots ( +Fig. 2B, E +). The female PMS have additional large CY spigots, with conical bases and long, conical shafts ( +Fig. 2E +). The PMS has two large apical spigots, with a tartipore at the side: these are probably two mAP spigots ( +Fig. 2B, E +). The conical apical segment of the PLS has numerous AC spigots ( +Fig. 2C, F +) and the females have CY spigots and elongated spigots with a cylindrical base and long, narrow shaft that is probably a MS spigot ( +Fig. 2F +). + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Guasuctenus longipes +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + +. A–C, male. D–F, female. A, anterior lateral spinneret; B, posterior median spinneret; C, posterior lateral spinneret; D, anterior lateral spinneret; E, posterior median spinnerets; F, posterior lateral spinnerets. + + + +Male palp ( +Figs 3 +, +5 +A–B, 6A, 7A–B): tibia straight, slightly shorter than cymbium; RTA short, truncated, subconical, and heavily sclerotized; ventral tibial apophysis short and rounded; cymbium elongated, distally conic and proximally subrectangular, with a posterior dorsal projection, and with a ventrobasal depression to accommodate the ventral tibial apophysis; tegulum oval, with prolateral depression to accommodate the embolus; embolus and median apophysis in a hyaline area; embolus with enlarged base and acute tip, curved retrolaterally, andwith a basal prolateral projection that notches on to a depression on the subtegulum (locking lobes + +sensu +Griswold 1993 + +); medi- an apophysis robust, prolaterally excavated and retrolaterally convex (cup-shaped + +sensu +Griswold 1993 + +); conductor laminar, wider than long and hyaline, not involving the tip of embolus; subtegulum well developed and prolaterally positioned. Epigynum ( +Figs 4 +B–D, 5C–D, 6B, 7C–D): divided into median and lateral fields, which bear lateral pro- jections; median field with anterior margin deeply excavated, rounded posterior and lateral margins; lateral projec- tions short and robust, positioned medially; copulatory openings situated anteriorly; copulatory ducts short, curved; fertilization ducts short, originating from basal area of the spermathecae; spermathecae bean-shaped. + + +Composition. +Two species, + +Guasuctenus longipes +( +Keyserling, 1891 +) + + +comb. nov. + +and + +G. vittatissimus +( +Strand, 1916 +) + +new rank, new comb. + + + + +Distribution. +Southern +Brazil +and +Uruguay +. + +Guasuctenus longipes + +and +G. vittatissimu +s present an allopatric distribution, roughly divided by the Pelotas River ( +Fig. 8 +), a tributary of the +Uruguay +River. Most of the records of + +Guasuctenus longipes + +occur south of the Pelotas River, while all + +G. vittatissimus + +records occur north ( +Fig. 8 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0EFFEEB790488533EED23D.xml b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0EFFEEB790488533EED23D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7a7db3bfdd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/87/161387C45C0EFFEEB790488533EED23D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Guasuctenus gen. nov., a new Neotropical spider genus of Ctenidae (Araneae) + + + +Author + +Polotow, Daniele + + + +Author + +Brescovit, Antonio D. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-07-02 + + +4624 + + +4 + + +539 +550 + + + +journal article +26329 +10.11646/zootaxa.4624.4.6 +d2dda052-5654-4b34-bf72-b6d557300f7e +1175-5326 +3265596 +B8075237-A0FD-4884-9DAA-3F76CB93528A + + + + + + +Ctenidae Keyserling, 1877 + + + + + +Cteninae Keyserling, 1877 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/9E/16139E84A6963ABEC2D751C3E565CA1F.xml b/data/16/13/9E/16139E84A6963ABEC2D751C3E565CA1F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fcd78cd8f56 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/9E/16139E84A6963ABEC2D751C3E565CA1F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales) + + + +Author + +Jeppson, Mikael + + + +Author + +Altes, Alberto + + + +Author + +Moreno, Gabriel + + + +Author + +Nilsson, R. Henrik + + + +Author + +Yolanda Loarce, + + + +Author + +Bustos, Alfredo de + + + +Author + +Larsson, Ellen + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2017 + +21 + + +33 +88 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176 +1314-4049-21-33 + + + + +Tulostoma simulans Lloyd, The Tylostomeae: 18. 1906. +Figures 5 +e-f +, 16b, 19 + + + + +Tulostoma moravecii +≡ Pouzar, in +Pilat +, Fl. +CSR +, B-1, +Gasteromycetes +: 597, 814. 1958. Holotype. CZECH REPUBLIC, Praha: inter Homolka et Lochkov, 21 Sept. 1952, Z. Moravec (PRM). + + + +Holotype. +USA, Texas: Denton, Long (herb. Lloyd 13636, BPI 704611). + +As was indicated already by its author ( +Lloyd 1906 +), this species +"simulates" +other species of +Tulostoma +, particularly +T. brumale +, from which it differs by having a hyphal exoperidium and larger spores. According to our molecular results it is known from Austria, Hungary, Spain, Sweden, and the UK (a British sequence was kindly provided by Martyn Ainsworth, Kew, but is not shown in the tree). Sequence data of the European specimens, labelled as +T. beccarianum +, +T. brumale +, and +T. moravecii +(isotype, Figure 19), cluster with a paratype in PC of +T. simulans +. Unfortunately the holotype material of +T. simulans +was not available for DNA extraction. + + +SEM-photos of the collections used in our study show irregular, rather dense, broadly based conical verrucae (Figure 16b), thus closely coinciding with the holotype material of +T. simulans +(cfr. + +Moreno and +Altes +1992 + +). + +Altes +and Moreno (1993) + +synonymized +T. simulans +with +T. beccarianum +based on morphological similarities, but sequence data show that they should be regarded as separate species. + + + +Habitat and distribution. + +N. America, S. America, Australia, New Zealand, Europe, and Asia (Kazachstan). It is here confirmed also from eastern Russia (Altay Republic). It has been found in a wide range of habitats ("forest soil, among litter, sometimes dunicolous, tree nurseries" according to +Wright 1987 +). + +European occurrences are from sand steppe habitats, sand dunes, gypsum hills, rupicolous steppe meadows, and urban plantations. + + +Specimens examined. + +AUSTRIA, Burgenland: Brietenbrunn, Thenau NSG, 24 Oct. 1989, E. Mrazek 1313 (Herb. Mrazek, GB)*; Ibidem, dry calcareous grassland, 9 Oct. 2005, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7865 (GB)*. CZECH REPUBLIC, Pardubice: Svitavy, under +Picea pungens +, 14 Feb. 2014, P. +Bruzek +140214 (GB)*; Praha-Dejvice: Zahrada Hanspaulka, sandy soil, 1 Dec. 2013, M. +Brtnik +, P. +Bruzek +131201 (GB)*; Praha: inter Homolka et Lochkov, 21 Sept. 1952, Z. Moravec (isotype +T. moravecii +, PRM 667204)*. HUNGARY, +Bacs-Kiskun +: +Fueloephaza +, +Fueloephazi +Homokbuckak +, sand steppe vegetation, 13 Jun. 1999, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 4902 (GB)*; Ibidem, 17 Jun. 1997, S. Jeppson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 3844 (GB)*; Ibidem, 26 Jun. 2001, M. Vetter, M. Jeppson 5497 (GB)*; Pest: +Tatarszentgyoergy +, +Sarlosarpuszta +, in sand steppe vegetation, 21 Feb. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 040221 (GB)*. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, Altay Rep.: Chuya River/Kuektanar River, 31 km W of Kosh-Agach on M52, 21 Aug. 2001, H. Knudsen 01.70m (C)*. SPAIN, Madrid: +Alcala +de Henares, cerros de +Alcala +, gypsophilous steppe vegetation, on road verge, 2 Mar. 2011, G. Moreno, A. +Altes +, A. Stridvall, E. Larsson, M. Jeppson 9302 (GB)*; +Alcala +de Henares, Campus Universidad +Alcala +, en terreno +basico +(arcilloso), junto a camino, +vegetacion +ruderal, 10 Mar. 1993, V. +Gonzalez +(AH 15633, GB)*; Zaragoza: Bujaraloz, Laguna de la Muerte, in halophilous steppe vegetation at lake shore, 5 Apr. 2010, E. Larsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, T. Knutsson, M. Jeppson 9064 (GB)*. SWEDEN, +Skane +: +Broesarp +, Torparebron, 12 Oct. 1996, M. Jeppson 3871 (GB)*. USA, Ohio: Granville, W.W. Stockberger (paratype +T. mammosum var. simulans +, PC)*. + + + +Figure 19. +T. moravecii +, isotype (PRM 667204): a basidiocarps b spore ornamentation under SEM. Scale bars: a = 10 mm; b = 1 +µm +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/B6/1613B619D8C995E0577CC6455E07A2E6.xml b/data/16/13/B6/1613B619D8C995E0577CC6455E07A2E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dc976b9f80a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/B6/1613B619D8C995E0577CC6455E07A2E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose + + + +Author + +Boudreault, Caroline + + + +Author + +Buffam, Joel + + + +Author + +Mclean, Ronald + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +633 + + +1 +93 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.63.10480 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.63.10480 +1313-2970-633-1 +DEFC153072414BA6B778CA63DB45B422 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Braconidae + + + +Apanteles canarsiae Ashmead, 1898 + + + +Distribution. +NEA. + + +Material examined. +Quebec, Wrightville, 45.438108 -75.743308, 23.vi.1939, F.I.S., Voucher Code: MIC000032. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/13/C7/1613C7202F5C2A77A053ABF4D2E78833.xml b/data/16/13/C7/1613C7202F5C2A77A053ABF4D2E78833.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9bb554486f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/13/C7/1613C7202F5C2A77A053ABF4D2E78833.xml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +Andrena (Zonandrena) flavipes Panzer, 1799 + + + + +contigua +(Kirby, 1802, +Melitta +) + + +fulvicrus +(Kirby, 1802, +Melitta +) + + +extricata +Smith, 1849 + + + +Distribution +England, Wales, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/14/DA/1614DA8B196E49B50B7B194B2E55EDC2.xml b/data/16/14/DA/1614DA8B196E49B50B7B194B2E55EDC2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40500c098ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/14/DA/1614DA8B196E49B50B7B194B2E55EDC2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Two new Dolichothele Mello-Leitao, 1923 species from Brazil and Bolivia (Araneae, Theraphosidae) + + + +Author + +Revollo, Irene Soliz + + + +Author + +Junior, Pedro Ismael da Silva + + + +Author + +Bertani, Rogerio + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +724 + + +1 +20 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.724.20680 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.724.20680 +1313-2970-724-1 +FF4ED4A950CC47048A7E0D9C342D6B6F + + + + + +Dolichothele +Mello-Leitao +, 1923 + + + + + +Dolichothele +Mello-Leitao +, 1923: 119 (Type species by original designation +D. exilis +Mello-Leitao +, 1923, type in MNRJ, not examined); +Lucas and Indicatti 2015 +: 205. + + +Oligoxystre +Vellard, 1924: 151, pl. 10, f. 38 (Type species by original designation +O. auratum +Vellard, 1924, should be deposited at Instituto Vital Brazil, +Niteroi +, lost); first synonymized by +Lucas and Indicatti 2015 +: 205. + + +Pseudoligoxystre +Vol, 2001: 4-6, f. 7 (type species +Pseudoligoxystre bolivianum +Vol, 2001, deposited at MHNNKM, examined); first synonymized by +Guadanucci 2007 +. + + +Goniodontium +Mello-Leitao +, 1923: 126 (type species by original designation +Goniodontium muticum +Mello-Leitao +, 1923, type in MNRJ, not examined); first synonymized by +Lucas and Indicatti 2015 +: 205. + + + +Diagnosis + +(from +Guadanucci 2011 +). Differs from other ischnocoline and resembles genus +Catumiri +Guadanucci, 2004 by the labium much wider than long, bearing a reduced number of cuspules (fewer than 10). It differs from +Catumiri +Guadanucci, 2004 by the undivided tarsal scopula on legs +I-III +and scopula on tarsi IV undivided but with a longitudinal band of setae, the metatarsus I having scopula ventrally for all its length, the well-developed retrolateral branch of the male tibial apophysis, the tarsal claws of males without teeth, and by the spermathecae with numerous lobules. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/02/1615027B42D95F97AA24F32FE8EDCA88.xml b/data/16/15/02/1615027B42D95F97AA24F32FE8EDCA88.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de9ab8edec5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/02/1615027B42D95F97AA24F32FE8EDCA88.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +Revision of rove beetle genus Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Staphylininae, Cyrtoquediini). Supplement 1 + + + +Author + +Brunke, Adam J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1158-936X +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +adam.j.brunke@gmail.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-04-15 + + +1096 + + +1 +16 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1096.80773 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1096.80773 +1313-2970-1096-1 +A69E5D473BD042AC8394C6D79D8E2699 +7277899F439B5790948D6408D796BA91 + + + + +Bolitogyrus depressus Cai et al., 2015 + + + + +Bolitogyrus depressus +Cai et al., 2015 +: 454 + + +Bolitogyrus depressus +Cai et al.: +Brunke 2017 +(redescription) + + + +Non-type material. + +China: Guangdong +: Nanling Nat. Reserve, Dadongshan, 18-21.IV.2013, border of mixed forest, +24°56.0'N +, +112°42.9'E +, 690 m, J. Hajek and J. Ruzicka (1, NMPC); +Guangxi +: Longsheng Hot Spring, forested river valley, wet rocks, 25°53.6'N, 110°12.4'E, 360 m, 11-14.IV.2013, M. Fikacek, J.Hajek, J. Ruzicka (2, NMPC). + + + +Comments. +This species is newly reported from Guangxi, indicating that it is probably very broadly distributed in the low forested hills of southeastern China. The specimens from wet rocks in a forested river valley probably dropped when disturbed from overhanging coarse woody debris. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/86/161586CEAAAE180A546DF465F4333073.xml b/data/16/15/86/161586CEAAAE180A546DF465F4333073.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d46a134f46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/86/161586CEAAAE180A546DF465F4333073.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +Rene Mauge's ornithological collections from Kupang Bay, West-Timor, Indonesia, August-November 1801, with special regard to type-specimens + + + +Author + +Jansen, Justin J. F. J. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands +justin.jansen@gmail.com + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2017 + +2017-11-16 + + +93 + + +2 + + +467 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.19964 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.19964 +1860-0743-2-467 +BF2CF2025D134B07AAC2274E93DA7527 +FF9CE05ECF612430340FFFA1B62A5A07 +1139700 + + + + +Hemipodius maculosus Temminck + + + + +Hemipodius maculosus +Temminck, 1815, +Hist. Nat. Gen. Pigeons Gallinaces +3: 631, 757 (le continent de la Nouvelle-Hollande). + + +Turnix maculosus +(Temminck, 1815). See +Peters 1934 +: 144, +van den Hoek Ostende et al. 1997 +: 53 and +Voisin and Voisin 2015 +: 54 and 57. - Now. + + + +Type materials. + +SYNTYPE: MNHN-ZO-MO-2001-543 [MNHN A.C. 12676], adult female, near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor ( +10°11'0"S +; +123°35'0"E +), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by +Rene +Mauge +. + + +Pedestal underside: + +(Sticker) Asie Aust. Cvtt Le Natte / Expedit. Du Captne Baudin / an XI / 134 / Vieill. (partially illegible) planche 217. 1. 11676 / (illegible) +Turnix maculatus +/ +Hempidus maculosus +(illegible). 2. +Turnix maculosus +(Tem.) + +. Pedestal label: + +Turnix maculosa +(Tem.) / +T. maculata +(V.) Type / Exp. Baudin Asie + +. + + +SYNTYPE: RMNH. +AVES +.87.424, adult female, near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor ( +10°11'0"S +; +123°35'0"E +), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by +Rene +Mauge +. + + +Pedestal underside: +He. maculosus +/ T. mauchete / male / Vieill. Pl 217 / Oceanie. Pedestal label: + +Turnix +maculosa / Cat. 1. / +Hemipodius maculosus +/ +Turnix mouchete +/ Temm. Pig et Gall. / Viell. Pl. 17 / Oceanie + +/ ♀ / +Type +/ ♂ / +1812 +. Pedestal label: absent. + + +SYNTYPE (lost): near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor ( +10°11'0"S +; +123°35'0"E +), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by +Rene +Mauge +. + + + +Comments. + +Temminck stated that the Baudin expedition brought back three specimens which entered the MNHN ( +Voisin and Voisin 2015 +: 54). One specimen is therefore missing. The MNHN specimen was catalogued around 1854 (MNHN Laboratory, ZMO-GalOis 4) and represents the sole specimen of this species. The RMNH specimen was exchanged with Temminck in 1812. At that time, Temminck had one of the largest private collections in Europe ( +Jansen 2017a +). The two surviving syntypes, and likely the missing third syntype as well, are also the type series of + +Turnix maculatus + +Vieillot 1819. The type locality is erroneous (le continent de la Nouvelle-Hollande), and therefore corrected and restricted to: West-Timor, near Kupang Bay (article 76a.2.A (ICZN 1999)). Temminck himself described this species and named it + +Hempidus maculosus + +or +'spotted' +( +Jobling 2017 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/B7/1615B74F4F224F464F7049C0A04B3C77.xml b/data/16/15/B7/1615B74F4F224F464F7049C0A04B3C77.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6448ddef5bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/B7/1615B74F4F224F464F7049C0A04B3C77.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Preliminary study on the diversity of Orthoptera from Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Abdul Wahab, Rodzay bin Haji + +text + + +Journal of Orthoptera Research + + +2018 + +27 + + +2 + + +119 +142 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24152 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24152 +1937-2426-2-119 + + + + +1. +Systella platyptera (Haan, 1842) +Fig. 7 + + + +Remarks.- + +We found numerous individuals on the forest understory near the Canopy Tower. We compared our specimens with images from OSF ( +Cigliano et al. 2018 +) for identification. + + + +Figure 7. +Trigonopterygidae +: +Systella platyptera +male adults. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979202FF6F8C4BFE7BDC9E.xml b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979202FF6F8C4BFE7BDC9E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a5e34d0bb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979202FF6F8C4BFE7BDC9E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1078 @@ + + + +Lymnastis of Ukraine with the redescription of Lymnastis novikovi (Coleoptera: Carabidae) + + + +Author + +Kirichenko, Marina B. + + + +Author + +Gontarenko, Andrej V. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3641 + + +3 + + +233 +240 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3641.3.3 +fd3f5e91-3820-4f37-8bb4-bed5f5e76361 +1175-5326 +219541 +2F95ECD4-8769-42B2-BF7B-0ECBF5B0FA18 + + + + + + +Genus + +Lymnastis +Motschulsky, 1862 + + + + + + +Paralimnastis +Jeannel, 1932: 176 + +type +species + +Limnastis swaluwenbergi +Jeannel, 1932 + + +Zuphiolum +Fairmaire, 1897: 344 + +type +species + +Zuphiolum angusticeps +Fairmaire, 1897 + +(= + +Lymnastis niloticus +Motschulsky, 1862 + +) + + +Type +species. + +Lymnaeum indicum +Motschulsky, 1851 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Unicoloured small species. Surface of the body with short pilosity. Antennomeres completely pilose. Most species with developed eyes and wings. One or two supraorbital seta. Pronotum usually cordiform. Elytra elongate and usually covering entire abdomen; apex deeply dehiscent; striae usually distinct; apical striae absent or rudimentary developed. + + + + +Lymnastis novikovi +Michailov, 1998 + + +( +Figs 1–5 +) + + + + + +Lymnastis novikovi +Michailov, 1998 + +, The Kharkov Ent. Soc. Gazette, VI, iss. 2: 28–30. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Small species, pale yellow coloured. Integument transparent and thin. Upper surface of body somewhat shiny. Eyes composed of four ommatidia; two supraorbital setae. Elytra long-oval, pubescent short and sparse. Microsculpture of dorsal surface comparatively weak. Wings undeveloped. Male genitalia as in +Figs 3, 4 +. Limited to steppe habitats in +Ukraine +as described below. + + +Redescription. +Body length +1.51–1.69 mm +, maximum width +0.51–0.69 mm +( +holotype +1.58 mm +and +0.58 mm +, respectively). Body colour (with the exception of eyes) and appendages pale yellow. +Head +: moderately wide, narrower than pronotum (ratios: PW/HW 1.52); laterally behind clypeal suture with a shallow oblong impressions. + + +Eyes small, not protruding and composed of four ommatidia. Two supraorbital setae present. Vertex with several coarse punctures and two shallow orbicular impressions. The dorsal surface of head without short hairs. The head over the eyes with weakly visible narrow transverse meshes ( +Fig. 5 +). Antennae moniliform, reach the base of the elytra; median antennomeres slightly wider than long. Antennae completely pilose. + + + +FIGURES 1–2. +Habitus of + +Lymnastis novikovi +Michailov, 1998: 1 + +—female (holotype), dorsal view, (а)—head and pronotum, (b)—mesonotum; 2—male from Odessa Region, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 3–4. +3— + +L. novikovi + +, aedeagus, lateral view; 4— + +L. novikovi + +, abdominal segment IX. + + + + +FIGURES 5–6. +Microsculpture of head: 5— + +L. novikovi + +, 6— + +L. galil + +а +eus +. + + + +Pronotum +: (ratios: PW/PL 1.33; PW/PBaW 1.42) broadest at anterior third, narrowed to base; dorsally rather convex. The base of pronotum 0.95 times narrower than the anterior margin. Anterior margin of pronotum moderately emarginated, anterior angles rounded. Side of pronotum before posterior angle weakly sinuate, posterior angle rectangular. Base of pronotum in middle markedly produced, lateral parts of base slightly oblique. The lateral margin of pronotum finely bordered. Three setiferous punctures in lateral margin: one in anterior angles, second in first quarter of pronotum length, third at hind angle. Median line distinct and not reaching to apex. Side of pronotum with erect and rarely hairs. Microsculpture on disc of pronotum entirely obsolete, only transverse meshes visible at the posterior angle. + + + + +Elytra +: comparatively parallel-sided, long-oval (ratios: EL/EW 1.51; EW/PW 1.39; EL/PL 2.79 times longer than the pronotum), slightly widened posteriorly. Their maximum width behind the middle. Base of elytra straight and not beaded; humeri distinct and slightly rounded; apex cleft in middle ( +Figs 1, 2 +). Striae not punctuate, towards apex distinct. Elytral intervals flat, with one row of setiferous punctures bearing short hairs. Scutellar setiferous pore absent. A single dorsal pore situated in apical third 3rd interval near the 3rd stria. The 2nd interval widened to apex of elytra, 4 and 5 striae joining on the apex. Wings not developed. Dorsal surface with microsculpture of transverse lines and weakly isodiametric meshes. + + +Ventral side +: head and prothorax impunctate; head pubescent; abdomen without punctures, with sparsely short erect hairs. Female with two setae at apex of terminal sternite. + + +Legs +: femora and tibiae with short pubescence. Tarsomeres 1 and 2 of male anterior tarsi moderately broadened. The 1 and 5th segments of male posterior tarsi equally long; 2nd to 4th approximately as long as wide. + + +Male genitalia +( +Figs 3, 4 +): aedeagus in the distal part expanded; curved in dorsal-ventral; length +0.33 mm +. Endophallus with a small C-shaped sclerified copulatory piece ( +Fig. 3 +). Parameres asymmetric: left slightly longer ( +0.127 mm +) than the right paramere ( +0.103 mm +). Both parameres bearing 3 setae, but setae of right paramere are longer ( +0.07 mm +) than left ones ( +0.05 mm +). + + + + + +Type +material examined. + +Holotype +: Ƥ, +Ukraine +, Kharkiv Region, near the Krasnograd city, hole of small rodent, +28.IV.1998 +, leg. О. О. Novikov (cKES). + + +Material examined. Ƥ, 3, Lugansk Region, Melovoj district, near the Krynychne village, reserve “Striltsivs’ky steppe”, fresh hills of mole rat, +11.V.2003 +, leg. V. V. Martynov (SIZK). Odessa Region (leg. Gontarenko): 2 3, 4 Ƥ, right shore of the Kujalnik liman opposite Protopopivka village, under stones, +18.IV.2004 +(cGon); 3, Ƥ, same data, +27.IV.2004 +(cGon); 4 3, 4 Ƥ, same data, +04.VI.2004 +(cGon); 2 3, 3 Ƥ, same data, +15.VI.2004 +(SIZK); 1 ex., near the Berezivka city, meadow, grass roots, +13.IV.2008 +(cGon). + + + + +Distribution and ecology. + +L. novikovi + +is known only from +Ukraine +( +Fig. 7 +). All records are from the steppe natural zone. Species occurs in the burrows of rodents (Kharkiv Region), in the fresh hills of mole rat (Lugansk Region) and under stones on the shore of Kujalnik liman (Odessa Region). Because the species is so uncommonly collected, little is known about its habitats and general natural history. + + + +FIGURE 7. +Geographic distribution map of + +Lymnastis + +species in Ukraine: + +L. galil + +а +eus +(solid circle—●), + +L. novikovi + +(triangle—˔). (Regions: Kharkiv, Lugansk, Odessa, Mykolaiv, Crimea). + + + +Based on the record of representative of + +L. novikovi + +in rodent burrows, Michailov (1998) suggested that this species is similar to + +L. tesquorum + +, which is narrowly specialized to inhabit clefts in the calcareous brown soils of the +Kazakhstan +steppes (Arnoldi & Kryzhanovskij 1964). However samples collected under stones along the shore of the Kujalnik liman suggest that + +L. novikovi + +has a wider range of habitat use. + + + + +Discussion. + +L. novikovi + +is a microphtalmic and brachipterous species of the genus + +Lymnastis + +. This species differs from + +L. tesquorum lutshniki + +by the following features: smaller body size ( +1.51–1.69 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.6–1.8 mm +in + +L. tesquorum lutshniki + +), eyes with four ommatidia (12–15 ommatidia in + +L. tesquorum lutshniki + +), short antennae ( +0.64–0.83 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.9 mm +in + +L. tesquorum lutshniki + +), narrower pronotum (PW +0.4– 0.47 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.49 mm +in + +L. tesquorum lutshniki + +), edging the lateral margin of pronotum complete, pronotum with indistinct microsculpture only in basal margin, elytral shoulders obtuse and rounded. + + + +L. novikovi + +differs from + +L. dieneri + +by the smaller size of body ( +1.51–1.69 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.47–1.73 mm +in + +L. dieneri + +), smaller eyes, shorter antennae ( +0.64–0.83 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.9 mm +in + +L. dieneri + +), pronotum without punctuation, elongate elytra (ratio EL/EW +1.41–1.61 in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.42–1.48 in + +L. dieneri + +), the last abdominal tergite covered by elytra. As compared with + +L. croaticus + +, + +L. novikovi + +has smaller body size ( +1.51–1.69 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.7–1.8 mm +in + +L. croaticus + +), shorter antennae ( +0.64–0.83 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.86–0.90 mm +in + +L. croaticus + +), narrower pronotum (PW +0.40–0.47 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.49–0.5 mm +in + +L. croaticus + +), narrower base of pronotum (PBaW +0.28–0.33 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.33–0.35 mm +in + +L. croaticus + +), pronotum without punctuation, short elytra (EL +0.82–0.99 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.98–1.09 mm +in + +L. croaticus + +), the last abdominal tergite covered by elytra. Differences between + +L. novikovi + +and + +L. luigionii + +are recognized in the smaller size of body ( +1.51–1.69 mm +and +1.54–1.76 mm +respectively), wider pronotum (ratio PW/PL +1.27–1.33 in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.16–1.23 in + +L. luigionii + +), shorter elytra (ratio EL/EW +1.41–1.61 in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.55–1.64 in + +L. luigionii + +), elytra with rare pubescence. + + + + + +L. novikovi + +distinguishable from + +L. angelinii + +by elytral striae deep and intervals flat, last abdominal tergite covered by elytra; from +L +. +schuelkei— +by wider pronotum (ratio PW/PL +1.27–1.33 in + +L. novikovi + +and +1.20–1.25 in + +L. schuelkei + +), elytral intervals flat, last abdominal tergite covered by elytra; from +L +. +paladinii— +by small body size ( +1.51–1.69 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and in +1.51–1.86 mm +in + +L +. +paladinii + +), pronotum flat, last abdominal tergite covered by elytra; from +L +. +poggii— +by coloration yellowish, short antennae ( +0.64–0.83 mm +in + +L. novikovi + +and +0.87 mm +in + +L +. +poggii + +), upper surface with indistinct microsculpture, the apex of elytra deeply cleft. + + + +L. novikovi + +is more easily distinguished from the other +Lymnastis +species with large eyes and developed wings, namely + +L. galilaeus +, + +and + +L. niloticus + +. + + +In addition to external morphological features + +L. novikovi + +is distinguished by the shape of aedeagus. Unfortunately, there is no information on the morphology of the aedeagus of + +L. tesquorum lutshniki +Arnoldi & Kryzhanovskij, 1964 + +and + +L. croaticus +Székessy, 1938 + +. Moreover, the systematic position of the taxon “var.” +macrophthalmus +Székessy, 1938 ( + +Limnastis dieneri croaticus + + +var. +macrophthalmus +Székessy, 1938 + +) could not be ascertained because of the lack of new material. + + + + +Lymnastis galilaeus +Piochard + +de la Brûlerie, 1876 + +( +Fig. 6 +) + + +Measurements +( +Table 1 +): body length +1.75–1.93 mm +; width +0.61–0.73 mm +. Ratios: PW/HW 1.32; PW/PL 1.32; PW/PBaW 1.38; EL/EW 1.57; EW/PW 1.48; EL/PL 3.08. + + +Male genitalia: aedeagus length +0.315 mm +. Parameres asymmetric: left slightly longer ( +0.22 mm +) than the right paramere ( +0.13 mm +). Each paramere bears three setae. + + + + +Material examined. +Odessa Region (leg. Gontarenko): 3 ex., Bilgorod-Dnistrovsk district, near the Karolino- Bugaz village, near railway station "Student's", sea coast, under algae, +27.V.2003 +(SIZK, cGon); 2 Ƥ, right shore of the Tiligul liman, near the Kalynivka village, under algae, +4.VII.2004 +, +5.VII.2004 +(cCon); Ƥ, Tatarbunary district, near the Primorske village, Rasejka, sea coast, under algae, +9.VII.2004 +(cGon); Ƥ, lower part of the Kujalnik liman, mercury-vapor lamp 250 Wt, +3.VI.2007 +(cGon); 7 Ƥ, Bilaivka district, near the Troitzke village mercury-vapor lamp 250 Wt, +21.VIII.2007 +(cGon); 29 ex., Savran district, near the Polianetzke village, mercury-vapor lamp 250 Wt, +23.VI.2008 +(cCon); 1 ex., Berezivka district, Raukhivka village, mercury-vapor lamp 250 Wt, +27.VI.2008 +(cGon); 2 3, Ƥ, same data, +14.VII.2008 +(SIZK); 8 ex., same data, +25.VII.2009 +(cGon); 7 ex., same data, white light, +28.VI.2010 +(cGon); 1 ex., same data, mercury-vapor lamp 250 Wt, +3.VII.2010 +, (cGon); 2 ex., same data, +8.VIII.2010 +(cGon); 1 ex., same data, +14.VIII.2010 +(cGon). 2 3, 8 Ƥ, Mykolaiv Region, Kinburn spit, near the Pokrovski Khutor, sea coast, under algae, +27.VI.2005 +, leg. A. V. Gontarenko (cGon). 1 3, 9 Ƥ, Lugansk Region, Slavianoserbskij district, Trekhizbenka village, light source, +09.VII.2009 +, leg. S. V. Konovalov (SIZK, cKon). + + + + +Distribution and ecology. +South Europe ( +Bosnia Herzegovina +, +Bulgaria +, +Croatia +, +France +, +Greece +, +Hungary +, +Italy +, +Montenegro +, +Romania +, +Serbia +, +Spain +), Eastern Europe ( +Ukraine +: Crimea, Odessa, Mykolaiv and Lugansk Regions; +Russia +: south European territory); North Africa ( +Algeria +); Asia ( +Iraq +, +Israel +). + + +According to Jacobson (1915) this species lives in swamps. Koch (1989) indicates that + +L. galilaeus + +is stenotopic and hygrophilous species. It inhabits sandy and gravely riverbanks. + + +This species was first reported for +Ukraine +at Crimea (Solodovnikov 2001) ( +Fig. 7 +). Later in +2003–2005 +and +2007–2010 +it was found on the coast of the Black sea (Odessa and Mykolaiv Regions). Since 2009 is being found in the steppe of Lugansk Region (East of +Ukraine +) ( +Fig. 7 +). + + +A key to European species of the genus + +Lymnastis + +except for those ones recently described by Magrini (2010) and Magrini and Wrase (2012) (we could not get materials of these new species) is given below. Measurements of species except of + +L. novikovi + +were taken according to Magrini (2010). Therefore + +L +. +angelinii +Magrini, 2010 + +, + +L +. +paladinii +Magrini, 2010 + +, + +L +. +poggii +Magrini, 2010 + +, and + +L. schuelkei +Magrini & Wrase, 2012 + +are wanting form the key. + + + + +TABLE 1. +Morphological features of two species of + +Lymnastis + +from different regions of Ukraine (N—number of measured specimens, minimum, maximum and mean values, and *—holotype). For abbreviations, see in Material and methods. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +L. galilaeus + + + +L. novikovi + +
Odessa Region Lugansk RegionTotalKharkiv Odessa Region Lugansk Region RegionTotal
N=5 N=10N=15N=1* N=20 N=2N=23
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
BL1.78–1.89 (1.83)1.75–1.93 (1.86)1.75–1.93 1.58 (1.85)1.51–1.69 (1.58)1.59–1.64 (1.62)1.51–1.69 (1.58)
HW0.34–0.35 (0.34)0.34–0.38 (0.36)0.34–0.38 0.29 (0.35)0.21–0.31 (0.28)0.28–0.30 (0.29)0.21–0.31 (0.29)
PL0.36–0.37 (0.36)0.32–0.36 (0.35)0.32–0.37 0.28 (0.35)0.21–0.37 (0.32)0.350.21–0.37 (0.33)
PW0.46–0.48 (0.47)0.45–0.49 (0.47)0.45–0.49 0.44 (0.47)0.40–0.47 (0.44)0.45–0.46 (0.46)0.40–0.47 (0.44)
PBaW0.33–0.35 (0.33)0.32–0.39 (0.34)0.32–0.39 0.31 (0.34)0.28–0.33 (0.31)0.31–0.32 (0.32)0.28–0.33 (0.31)
EL1.01–1.08 (1.06)1.01–1.14 (1.1)1.01–1.14 0.82 (1.09)0.86–0.99 (0.92)0.95–0.96 (0.96)0.82–0.99 (0.92)
EW0,61–0.71 (0.66)0.65–0.73 (0.71)0.61–0.73 0.58 (0.69)0.51–0.69 (0.61)0.60–0.62 (0.61)0.51–0.69 (0.61)
AL0.72–0.87 (0.80)0.74–0.90 (0.82)0.72–0.90 0.70 (0.81)0.64–0.83 (0.74)0.760.64–0.83 (0.74)
+ + + + +Key to + +Lymnastis +Motschulsky + +taxa from Europe (recent species not included) + + + + + +1. Eyed and winged species................................................................................ 2 + + +- Small-eyed and wingless species......................................................................... 3 + + + + + +2. Size larger, length +2.5–2.6 mm +. Coloration of body yellow-red. Two supraorbital setae. Posterior angles of pronotum rectangular. Elytra parallel-side and shoulders not protruding. Aedeagus length +0.38 mm +(see Figs +44–47 in +Magrini 2010). Southern Europe ( +Italy +); North Africa..................................................... + +L. niloticus +Motschulsky, 1862 + + + + + +- Size smaller, length +1.7–1.93 mm +. Coloration of body yellow-brown. One supraorbital setae. Posterior angles of pronotum obtuse. Elytra parallel-side, shoulders protruding. Aedeagus length +0.29–0.31 mm +(see Figs +39–42 in +Magrini 2010). Central and Southern Europe, Eastern Europe ( +Ukraine +, Southern +Russia +: Krasnodar kray); North Africa; Asia...................................................................................... + +L. galilaeus +Piochard + +de la Brûlerie, 1876 + + + + + +3. One or two last tergite of abdomen open. The apex of elytra with shallow cleft. Pronotum convex...................... 4 + + +- The last abdominal tergite covered or nearly covered by elytra. The apex of elytra dehiscent. Pronotum flat.............. 5 + + + + + +4. Length +1.7–1.8 mm +. Pronotum convex, anterior margin of pronotum densely punctuate; pronotum width +0.49–0.50 mm +. The pubescence of elytra dense, but irregular; ratio length/width of elytra 1.52–1.54 (see Fig. +48 in +Magrini 2010). +Croatia +...................................................................................... + +L. croaticus +Székessy, 1938 + + + + + +- Length +1.47–1.73 mm +. Pronotum moderately convex, anterior margin of pronotum sparsely punctuate; pronotum width +0.43– 0.48 mm +. The pubescence of elytra dense and regular; ratio length/width of elytra 1.42–1.48. Aedeagus length +0.29–0.30 mm +(see Figs +54–57 in +Magrini 2010). +Hungary +............................................. + +L. dieneri +Székessy, 1938 + + + + + + +5. Edging the lateral margin of pronotum distinctly only the back half. The ratio width/length of pronotum 1.4. The last tergite of + + +abdomen open. Upper of body with microsculpture. Length +1.6–1.8 mm +. Ciscaucasia (Stavropol kray)........................................................................... + +L. tesquorum lutshniki +Arnoldi & Kryzhanovskij, 1964 + +- Lateral margin of pronotum with edging................................................................... 6 + + + + + +6. The ratio width/length of pronotum 1.16–1.23; lateral margin of pronotum narrow and regular. The upper surface of body with microsculpture. The last abdominal tergite barely visible. Length +1.54–1.76 mm +. Aedeagus length +0.27 mm +(see Figs +61–63 in +Magrini 2010). +Italy +, +Hungary +........................................................ + +L. luigionii +Dodero, 1899 + + + + + +- The ratio width/length of pronotum 1.27–1.33; lateral margin of pronotum narrow and regular. The upper surface of body with weakly visible microsculpture. The last abdominal tergite covered by elytra. Length +1.51–1.69 mm +. Aedeagus length +0.32– 0.34 mm +( +Figs 3, 4 +). Eastern and Southwest +Ukraine +.................................... + +L. novikovi +Michailov, 1998 + + + + + + +Acknowledgements + + + + +We kindly acknowledge Vladimir Martynov (Donetsk, +Ukraine +) and Sergej Konovalov (village Trekhizbenka, +Ukraine +) for loan of material and colleagues from Kharkiv Entomological Society for possibility to study the +type +material. We wish to thank Roman Babko and Zlata Gershenson (SIZK, +Ukraine +), Janusz Fyda (Jagiellonian University, +Poland +) for their comments on the manuscript, and John Spence (University of Alberta, +Canada +) for improving English text. We are deeply grateful to the editor and reviewers (Jacques Coulon and Martin Baehr) for their helpful comments. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8B9BFE42DDA5.xml b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8B9BFE42DDA5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..83e05b8e109 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8B9BFE42DDA5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Lymnastis of Ukraine with the redescription of Lymnastis novikovi (Coleoptera: Carabidae) + + + +Author + +Kirichenko, Marina B. + + + +Author + +Gontarenko, Andrej V. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3641 + + +3 + + +233 +240 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3641.3.3 +fd3f5e91-3820-4f37-8bb4-bed5f5e76361 +1175-5326 +219541 +2F95ECD4-8769-42B2-BF7B-0ECBF5B0FA18 + + + + + + +Subfamily +Trechinae + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8BC4FEB4DA6E.xml b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8BC4FEB4DA6E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b129ac14d2e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8BC4FEB4DA6E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Lymnastis of Ukraine with the redescription of Lymnastis novikovi (Coleoptera: Carabidae) + + + +Author + +Kirichenko, Marina B. + + + +Author + +Gontarenko, Andrej V. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3641 + + +3 + + +233 +240 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3641.3.3 +fd3f5e91-3820-4f37-8bb4-bed5f5e76361 +1175-5326 +219541 +2F95ECD4-8769-42B2-BF7B-0ECBF5B0FA18 + + + + + + +Tribe +Bembidiini + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8C01FEA7DA33.xml b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8C01FEA7DA33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a4e9f48da54 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/E0/1615E00CFF979204FF6F8C01FEA7DA33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Lymnastis of Ukraine with the redescription of Lymnastis novikovi (Coleoptera: Carabidae) + + + +Author + +Kirichenko, Marina B. + + + +Author + +Gontarenko, Andrej V. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3641 + + +3 + + +233 +240 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3641.3.3 +fd3f5e91-3820-4f37-8bb4-bed5f5e76361 +1175-5326 +219541 +2F95ECD4-8769-42B2-BF7B-0ECBF5B0FA18 + + + + + + +Subtribe +Tachyina + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/15/E2/1615E2428EC30E5F6BAD5788229BF242.xml b/data/16/15/E2/1615E2428EC30E5F6BAD5788229BF242.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..73dab58062f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/15/E2/1615E2428EC30E5F6BAD5788229BF242.xml @@ -0,0 +1,47 @@ + + + +Voyage de M. E. Simon à l'île de Ceylan (janvier - février 1892). 3 e Mémoire. Formicides. + + + +Author + +Emery, C. + +text + + +Annales de la Société Entomologique de France + + +1893 + +62 + + +239 +258 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3767/3767.pdf + +journal article +3767 +04A75521-B9F8-4ADE-967F-ACAF45DA916F + + + + +23. +C. Ransoneti +Mayr. + + + +- Nuwara-Eliya. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/16/18/16161812C3470CD1EBEB8976CDFA436C.xml b/data/16/16/18/16161812C3470CD1EBEB8976CDFA436C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..48f60040d76 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/16/18/16161812C3470CD1EBEB8976CDFA436C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ + + + +A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). + + + +Author + +Ward, P. S. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2005 + +936 + + +1 +68 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/21008/21008.pdf + +journal article +21008 + + + + + + +Camponotus + +sp. CA-02 + + + + +E2 [endemic to California floristic province (Hickman, 1993)] + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/16/32/1616327B96B369715D1A461AA5A77243.xml b/data/16/16/32/1616327B96B369715D1A461AA5A77243.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b713f70be91 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/16/32/1616327B96B369715D1A461AA5A77243.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Species of the fungivorous genus Psalidothrips Priesner from China, with five new species (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) + + + +Author + +Zhao, Chao + + + +Author + +Zhang, Hongrui + + + +Author + +Tong, Xiaoli + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +746 + + +25 +50 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.746.22882 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.746.22882 +1313-2970--25 +88BD221141AD43A0B8E7F6735BC9E1C0 +88BD221141AD43A0B8E7F6735BC9E1C0 + + + + +Psalidothrips bicoloratus Wang, Tong & Zhang +Figs 15-16, 72 + + + + +Psalidothrips bicoloratus +Wang, Tong & Zhang, 2007: 28. + + + +Comments. + +This species is very similar to +P. amens +in general appearance. However, it is distinguished from the latter by the following characters: head and antennal segments +I-II +, +V-VIII +brown, rest of body yellow (Fig. 15-16); postocular setae shorter than eyes, cheeks straight and weakly constricted behind eyes. + + + +Distribution. +China (Guangdong). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/16/59/161659CE37FB3478DFF2D72134C4C116.xml b/data/16/16/59/161659CE37FB3478DFF2D72134C4C116.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a73b5e67e62 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/16/59/161659CE37FB3478DFF2D72134C4C116.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +Sinocorophium hangangense sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Corophiidae), a new species from Korea, with a key to the genus Sinocorophium + + + +Author + +Kim, Young-Hyo + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +181 + + +53 +65 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.181.3043 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.181.3043 +1313-2970-181-53 + + + + +Genus +Sinocorophium Bousfield & Hoover, 1997 + + + +Type species. + +Corophium sinensis +Zhang, 1974 + + + +Diagnosis. +Body cylindrical. Rostrum vestigial to distinct. Antenna 2 strongly pediform, gland cone of peduncular article 2 large, prominent, peduncular article 4 with ventrodistal tooth. Maxilliped, palp article 2 elongate. Gnathopod 1, palm of propodus distinct and transverse, dactylus rather short. Pereopods 3-4, carpus not shortened, slightly shorter than merus. Pleonal epimeron 3 subquadrate or weakly pointed posteroventrally. Urosomites separate. Uropod 1 laterally inserted. Uropod 3 uniramous, ramus linear to subovate. Telson short and subtriangular. + + +Species composition. + +Sinocorophium alienense +(Chapman, 1988), +Sinocorophium hangangense +sp. n., +Sinocorophiumheteroceratum +(Yu, 1938), +Sinocorophium homoceratum +(Yu, 1938), +Sinocorophium intermedium +(Dang, 1965), +Sinocorophium japonicum +(Hirayama, 1984), +Sinocorophium lamellatum +(Hirayama, 1984), +Sinocorophium minutum +(Dang, 1965), +Sinocorophium monospinum +(Shen, 1955), +Sinocorophium sinense +(Zhang, 1974), and +Sinocorophium triangulopedarum +(Hirayama, 1990). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/16/63/161663D71EA8A743D6FF61D23670419D.xml b/data/16/16/63/161663D71EA8A743D6FF61D23670419D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7700a79e52 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/16/63/161663D71EA8A743D6FF61D23670419D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ + + + +New records and detailed distribution and abundance of selected arthropod species collected between 1999 and 2011 in Azorean native forests + + + +Author + +Borges, Paulo A. V. + + + +Author + +Gaspar, Clara + + + +Author + +Crespo, Luis Carlos Fonseca + + + +Author + +Rigal, Francois + + + +Author + +Cardoso, Pedro + + + +Author + +Pereira, Fernando + + + +Author + +Rego, Carla + + + +Author + +Amorim, Isabel R. + + + +Author + +Melo, Catarina + + + +Author + +Aguiar, Carlos + + + +Author + +Andre, Genage + + + +Author + +Mendonca, Enesima P. + + + +Author + +Ribeiro, Servio + + + +Author + +Hortal, Joaquin + + + +Author + +Santos, Ana M. C. + + + +Author + +Barcelos, Luis + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Mahnert, Volker + + + +Author + +Pita, Margarida T. + + + +Author + +Ribes, Jordi + + + +Author + +Baz, Arturo + + + +Author + +Sousa, Antonio B. + + + +Author + +Vieira, Virgilio + + + +Author + +Wunderlich, Joerg + + + +Author + +Parmakelis, Aristeidis + + + +Author + +Whittaker, Robert J. + + + +Author + +Quartau, Jose Alberto + + + +Author + +Serrano, Artur R. M. + + + +Author + +Triantis, Kostas A. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10948 +10948 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10948 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10948 +1314-2828-4-10948 + + + + +Tenuiphantes miguelensis (Wunderlich, 1992) + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Native + + + +Distribution +FLO*; FAI*; PIC*; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR* + + +Notes +Also present: MAD (Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic (Macaronesia)) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/16/66/161666CCC8CE433A25A1D01AA809FC91.xml b/data/16/16/66/161666CCC8CE433A25A1D01AA809FC91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9460b745c00 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/16/66/161666CCC8CE433A25A1D01AA809FC91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,473 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Hypericaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/hypericaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Hypericum maculatum +subsp. +obtusiusculum +(Tourlet) Hayek + + + + + +Zweifelhaftes Geflecktes Johanniskraut + + + + +Unterart ISFS: 210800 Checklist: 1024080 +Hypericaceae +Hypericum +Hypericum maculatum Crantz +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +30-100 cm +hoch. +Staengel +oft abschnittsweise nur 2kantig. + +Bluetenstand +locker verzweigt. +Kelchblaetter +laenglich-eifoermig +, kurz zugespitzt, oft mit fein +gezaehntem +Rand + +, oft ungleich gross. + + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz kollin(-montan) / JN, M (besonders MZ und ME), AN (besonders ANE) + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Westeuropaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +3 + w + 43-332.h.2n=32 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +2.3.3 - Feuchte Hochstaudenflur (Spierstaudenflur) ( +Filipendulion +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Hypericum maculatum +subsp. +obtusiusculum +(Tourlet) Hayek + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Zweifelhaftes Geflecktes Johanniskraut +Nom +francais +: +Millepertuis obtus + + + +Nome italiano: -- + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +Checklist 2017 + +210800
= +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +502
= +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +708
= +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +708
= +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +210800
= +Hypericum maculatum subsp. obtusiusculum (Tourlet) Hayek + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +210800
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
Mittelland (MP) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/17/20/161720C78FB1F83CA796338000E99490.xml b/data/16/17/20/161720C78FB1F83CA796338000E99490.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3eb587bd86b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/17/20/161720C78FB1F83CA796338000E99490.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Polypterus mokelembembe, a new species of bichir from the central Congo River basin (Actinopterygii: Cladistia: Polypteridae). + + + +Author + +Ulrich K. Schliewen + + + +Author + +Frank Schäfer + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1129 + + +23 +36 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B7CD44D-AC26-4FFE-A7CE-3C9521A6F556 + +journal article +z01129p023 + + + + +Polypterus palmas palmas +: + + + + + +MRAC +73-10-P-6-7, 2, Sahibly, riv. Cavally, +Ivory Coast +. + + +MRAC +73-5-P-17-22, 6, Flanpleu, riv. Cavally, +Ivory Coast +. + + +MRAC +73-10-P-1-5, 5, Sahibly, riv. Cavally, +Ivory Coast +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/17/2E/16172EAC765FF40037AEDAC485FADA91.xml b/data/16/17/2E/16172EAC765FF40037AEDAC485FADA91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..81c8a99873e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/17/2E/16172EAC765FF40037AEDAC485FADA91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,278 @@ + + + +Annelids of the eastern Australian abyss collected by the 2017 RV ' Investigator' voyage + + + +Author + +Gunton, Laetitia M. +Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia +laetitia.gunton@austmus.gov.au + + + +Author + +Kupriyanova, Elena K. +Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia & Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia + + + +Author + +Alvestad, Tom +Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway + + + +Author + +Avery, Lynda +Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia + + + +Author + +Blake, James A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8217-9769 +Aquatic Research & Consulting, Duxbury, Massachusetts, USA + + + +Author + +Biriukova, Olga +Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia + + + +Author + +Boeggemann, Markus +University of Vechta, Vechta, Germany + + + +Author + +Borisova, Polina +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Budaeva, Nataliya +Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway & P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Burghardt, Ingo +Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia + + + +Author + +Capa, Maria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-7961 +Department of Biology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain + + + +Author + +Georgieva, Magdalena N. +Natural History Museum, London, UK + + + +Author + +Glasby, Christopher J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-1938 +Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia + + + +Author + +Hsueh, Pan-Wen +Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, China + + + +Author + +Hutchings, Pat +Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia & Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia + + + +Author + +Jimi, Naoto +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-3320 +National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan + + + +Author + +Kongsrud, Jon A. +Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway + + + +Author + +Langeneck, Joachim +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3665-8683 +Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy + + + +Author + +Meissner, Karin +Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, DZMB, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Murray, Anna +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1765-1286 +Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia + + + +Author + +Nikolic, Mark +Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia + + + +Author + +Paxton, Hannelore +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7086-5219 +Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia & Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia + + + +Author + +Ramos, Dino +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4069-5383 +Natural History Museum, London, UK + + + +Author + +Schulze, Anja +Texas A & M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA + + + +Author + +Sobczyk, Robert +Department of Zoology of Invertebrates and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland + + + +Author + +Watson, Charlotte +Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia + + + +Author + +Wiklund, Helena +Natural History Museum, London, UK & Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre and University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden + + + +Author + +Wilson, Robin S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9441-2131 +Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia + + + +Author + +Zhadan, Anna +Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Zhang, Jinghuai +South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Centre, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-02-24 + + +1020 + + +1 +198 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1020.57921 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1020.57921 +1313-2970-1020-1 +CC23B8CE8C8E473CBD8C44E74252A33D +F6561609F0F15EE8907C94528CA44E4F + + + + +Notomastus +spp. + + + +Remarks. + +A single OTU provisionally referred to + +Notomastus + +was recorded from six stations (437-3771 m) in the GAB ( +MacIntosh et al. 2018 +: additional file 2), further investigation is needed to understand if the species from the present study are the same as the GAB specimens. + + + +Records. +2 specimens. Suppl. material 1: ops. 30, 33 (AM). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/17/3D/16173DC47FFA5F66A2ADF4FE6A732C59.xml b/data/16/17/3D/16173DC47FFA5F66A2ADF4FE6A732C59.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..312faa86323 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/17/3D/16173DC47FFA5F66A2ADF4FE6A732C59.xml @@ -0,0 +1,286 @@ + + + +Biology and DNA barcode analysis of Coleophora lessinica Baldizzone, 1980 and Coleophora impalella Toll, 1961 (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae) with description of their larval cases + + + +Author + +Takacs, Attila +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3427-538X +Government Office of Fejer county, Major Department of Agriculture Plant Protection and Soil Conservation Department, Orszag ut 23, H 2481 Velence Hungary; molyirto @ gmail. com +molyirto@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Szaboky, Csaba +Becsi ut 88, H 1034 Budapest, Hungary; szabokycs. 50 @ gmail. com + + + +Author + +Boldog, Gusztav +Haladas ut 4, H 5600 Bekescsaba, Hungary; bolgus @ gmail. com + + + +Author + +Jordan, Sandor +Egyetem ter 1, H 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; jordansanyi @ gmail. com + + + +Author + +Bozso, Miklos +Plant Health and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Directorate of Plant Protection, Soil Conservation and Agri-environment, Budaoersi ut 141 - 145, H 1118 Budapest, Hungary; mikitv. bozs @ gmail. com + + + +Author + +Fueloep, David +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1300-0080 +Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Nagykovacsi ut 26 - 30, H 1029, Budapest, Hungary; ocypus @ gmail. com + + + +Author + +Toth, Balazs +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6089-1218 +Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross utca 13, H 1088, Budapest, Hungary; toth. balazs @ nhmus. hu + +text + + +Nota Lepidopterologica + + +2022 + +2022-04-21 + + +45 + + +191 +205 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.80106 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nl.45.80106 +2367-5365-45-191 +6ABA523B081D44D89466A909DBB243D6 +E0AF6C55063D53D28670DDF09B671BB3 + + + + +Coleophora impalella Toll, 1961 + + + +Case and behaviour. + +Construction of the case begins in late August or early September from the leaves of the host plant, + +Galatella sedifolia + +. This finding does not support +Richter (2021) +, who has found cases on +G. linosyris +(L.). + + +The case is made of 2-6 mm long and 2-4 mm wide strips spun to each other with overlap, resulting in a sheath case (Figs +24 +, +25 +). Feeding lasts until drying of host plant in autumn. The overwintering case is 12 mm long and is attached to a broader section of the dried plant. The larva continues feeding on fresh leaves in spring. Early case is greyish black, changing to dark brown after overwintering. Mouth directed in 40 ° angle to longitudinal axis of case, case slightly tapering towards anal end, caudal 2/3 part slightly curved, anal end flattened, bivalved. + +Adults emerge 10-12 days after the permanent attachment of the case. They fly in daytime and remain close to the host plant. Mating was observed between 11 h and 13 h. + + +L5 larva + + +(Figs +18-23 +). + +Length 5.5 mm. Head brown, adfrontal suture black. Body light brown, with inconspicuous pinacula around prolegs on segments A3-A5. Thoracic shields shiny black, rounded; prothoracic shield ovoid, more than 1.5 times as broad as long, very finely divided along median axis except anterior margin; mesothoracic shield D-shaped, divided to two halves by gap medially, gap being narrowest at middle, shield gradually broadening towards anterior and posterior margins, anterior margin straight, lighter than rest of the shield; metathoracic shield made of two separated ovoid plates with dentate inner edges, plates separated by gap slightly broader than the plates (Fig. +18 +). Spiracular sclerites oval, of equal length, sclerite on prothorax half as broad as those on meso- and metathorax, latter two sclerites with uniform shape and size (Fig. +19 +). Thoracic legs brown; proximal parts of segments darker than distal parts (Fig. +20 +). Prolegs on segments A3-A5 with 6-6 crochets in two uniordinal rows; on segment A5 two crochets in anterior, four crochets in posterior row, three crochets in each of remaining row (Fig. +21 +). Anal plate matt black, heavily irrorated with tiny hollows (Fig. +23 +). Anal proleg half-moon-shaped, each with 17-19 crochets (Fig. +22 +). + + + +Figures 18-23. +Larval morphology of + +Coleophora impalella + +. +18. +Head and thorax, dorsal view; +19. +Head and thorax, lateral view; +20. +Head and thorax, ventral view; +21. +Prolegs on segments A3-A6, ventral view; +22. +Anal prolegs, ventral view; +23. +Anal plate, dorsal view. Scale bar: 1 mm, cranial direction top, caudal direction bottom, photos by A. +Takacs +. + + + + +Conditions of collecting. + +Ten cases of + +C. impalella + +were collected in +Belmegyer +, +Faspuszta +(Figs +24 +, +25 +), on 24.ix.2020. Dates and numbers of emerged specimens: 1 ♂, 29.iii.2021, 1 ♀, 31.iii.2021, 1 ♀, 13.iv.2021, 1 ♂, 03.v.2021. + + + +Figures 24-27. +Some stages and habitat of + +C. impalella + +. +24. +L5 case of + +C. impalella + +before overwintering, +Belmegyer +, 13.x.2020; +25. +L4 case of + +C. impalella + +before overwintering, +Belmegyer +24.ix.2020; +26. +Imago of + +C. impalella + +from +Szabadkigyos +, +Kigyosi +puszta, 12.v.2021; +27. +Habitat of + +C. impalella + +in +Szabadkigyos +, +Kigyosi +puszta, 20.v.2021. Scale bar: 3 mm ( +24 +); 2 mm ( +25 +); 2.1 mm ( +26 +). Figs +24 +, +26 +: photo by A. +Takacs +, Figs +25 +, +27 +: photo by G. Boldog. + + + +In addition to the Hungarian locality already known, the species was also found in +Szabadkigyos +, +Kigyosi +puszta on 12.v.2021 (Fig. +26 +). One case was collected in Elek on 06.x.2021 and one case in +Grăniceri +, Romania on 06.x.2021. This latter record is the first one outside Russia and Hungary. New to Romania. + + + +Habitat. + + +Coleophora impalella + +feeds on + +Asteretum sedifolii + +Soo +1947 corr. Borhidi 1996 (Pannonic salt steppes and salt marshes), a species that is highly influenced by dry continental climate with extreme temperatures and uneven distribution of precipitation. This habitat type was formed by secondary salinisation (Fig. +27 +). It is characteristic for the Continental climate zone and can also be found in the Ukrainian and Russian steppe belt ( +Borhidi 2003 +). + + + +Parasitoids. + +No cases of + +C. impalella + +and + +C. lessinica + +specimens have given parasitoid specimens in our rearings to date. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/17/92/161792E12181CD86AD78235EE27BC561.xml b/data/16/17/92/161792E12181CD86AD78235EE27BC561.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b8403b98fe1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/17/92/161792E12181CD86AD78235EE27BC561.xml @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Phygadeuon clypearis Strobl, 1901 + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes + +added by +Horstmann (2012a) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/17/C9/1617C990D129CF28D3C39E4800CFCC62.xml b/data/16/17/C9/1617C990D129CF28D3C39E4800CFCC62.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b61635add46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/17/C9/1617C990D129CF28D3C39E4800CFCC62.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen + + + +Author + +Robinson, Harold + + + +Author + +Skvarla, John J. + + + +Author + +Funk, Vicki A. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2016 + +60 + + +49 +126 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734 +1314-2003-60-49 +FFC26762742EFFBDFFAD0867FFB3FFBB +576336 + + + + +Distephanus angolensis (O. Hoffm.) H. Rob. & B. Kahn, 1986 + + + + +Newtonia angolensis +O. Hoffm., +Natuerl +. Pflanzenfam. 4(5): 285. 1892. + + +Antunesia angolensis +(O. Hoffm.) O. Hoffm., Bolet. Soc. Brot. 10: 178. 1893. + + +Gongrothamnus angolensis +(O. Hoffm.) Hiern, Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl. 1: 592. 1898. + + +Vernonia angolensis +(O. Hoffm.) N.E. Brown, Kew Bull. 1909: 116. 1909. + + +Vernonia lutea +N.E. Brown, Kew Bull. 1909: 116. 1909. + + +Distephanus angolensis +(O. Hoffm.) H. Rob. & B. Kahn, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 99(3): 498. 1986. SW Africa. + + + +Distribution. +Angola, Namibia. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/18/24/161824435E50D810A294A080F0DD22B4.xml b/data/16/18/24/161824435E50D810A294A080F0DD22B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e1310270488 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/18/24/161824435E50D810A294A080F0DD22B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +New tardigrade records for the Baltic states with a description of Minibiotus formosus sp. n. (Eutardigrada, Macrobiotidae) + + + +Author + +Zawierucha, Krzysztof + + + +Author + +Dziamiecki, Jakub + + + +Author + +Jakubowska, Natalia + + + +Author + +Michalczyk, Lukasz + + + +Author + +Kaczmarek, Lukasz + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +408 + + +81 +105 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.408.6612 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.408.6612 +1313-2970-408-81 +D5A553D75B78430489716A0CF73FC698 + + + + + +Isohypsibius +sattleri (Richters, 1902) + + + + +Localities and specimen numbers. +IX: 1 specimen, XI: 8 specimens (including 5 simplexes), XIV: 3 specimens, XV: 5 specimens, XVI: 1 specimen. + + +Remarks. + +The species has previously been reported from many localities throughout the World, thus it is considered cosmopolitan ( +McInnes 1994 +, +Kaczmarek et al. 2014a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/18/4E/16184E3D68C1FD234C3DED2975DD58E7.xml b/data/16/18/4E/16184E3D68C1FD234C3DED2975DD58E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f24d73bae75 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/18/4E/16184E3D68C1FD234C3DED2975DD58E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ + + + +Polypores and genus concepts in Phanerochaetaceae (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) + + + +Author + +Miettinen, Otto + + + +Author + +Spirin, Viacheslav + + + +Author + +Vlasak, Josef + + + +Author + +Rivoire, Bernard + + + +Author + +Stenroos, Soili + + + +Author + +Hibbett, David S. + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2016 + +17 + + +1 +46 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.17.10153 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.17.10153 +1314-4049-17-1 + + + + +Phanerina mellea (Berk. & Broome) Miettinen +comb. nov. +Figures 1band 8 + + + + + +Polyporus +melleus + +Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 53 (1873). + + + +Description. + +Basidiocarp resupinate, yellow, ranging from yellowish cream to brownish yellow, 1 +-10x1- +5 cm patches, 1(2) mm thick. Consistency fragile when dry. Pores shallow, somewhat irregular, splitting and eventually may turn dentate, 2-4 per mm, larger when split. Subiculum cream-colored, a bit lighter than pore surface, pellicular, cottony under the lens, 0.1-0.3 mm. Margin thinning out, smooth areas of several millimeters similar to tube bottoms may be present. + + +Hyphal system monomitic, clamps absent. Hyphae cylindrical, not much swollen, branching in sharp angles, rather similar throughout the basidiocarp, CB− to CB(+), IKI−, KOH−, CRB lilac. Large crystal clumps mostly of rhomboidal shape present in trama. Subiculum loose, hyphae interwoven, slightly thick-walled to thick-walled when old, (2)3-5(6.4) +µm +in diameter, walls mostly <0.5 +µm +thick, up to 1.2 +µm +in old basidiocarps. Tramal hyphae subparallel, thin- to slightly thick-walled, (2)3-3.8(4.8) +µm +in diameter. Subhymenium branching corymb-like, cells not sinuous, relatively easy to study. + + +Cystidia present but often rare, hymenial, thin-walled, subulate, rarely septate, naked, 40 +-80x5.8- +9.2 +µm +, projecting 20-50 +µm +. + + +Hymenium relatively loose. Basidia clavate, 15 +-26x5.2- +6.8 +µm +, with 4 wide, spindle-shaped sterigmata, 4 +-4.8x +1.8 +µm +. + + +Basidiospores cylindrical to narrowly ellipsoid, usually abundant, with thin but distinct walls, smooth, (5.2)5.8 +-7.5(7.8)x(2.8)2.9- +3.8(4.4) +µm +, L=6.55 +µm +, W=3.26 +µm +, +Q' += (1.6)1.8-2.3(2.4), Q=2.01. Spore shape variation is rather large and abnormally broad ellipsoid spores can be present. + + + +Figure 8. Microscopic characters of +Phanerina mellea +. a Subicular hyphae b tube trama c basidia, Miettinen 9134. Hymenial cystidia d +Nunez +503 e Ryvarden 10132. Spores f lectotype g Miettinen 9134 h +Nunez +503. + + + + +Distribution. +Described from Sri Lanka. We can confirm it from East Africa (Tanzania, Kenya), Japan (Okinawa), and Indonesia (New Guinea). Sequences of Chinese specimens are also available in the INSDC. + + +Ecology. +Grows on dead dicot trees, both standing and fallen, often in sun-exposed habitats. + + + +Remarks +. + +East Asian, East African and New Guinean specimens have neither ITS sequence differences nor morphological differences, so we feel it is safe to assume that the type from Sri Lanka belongs to the same species. Morphologically the type specimen agrees very well with other material. Its spores are a little larger on average than in other specimens studied, but considering the large variability in size and shape of spores this is best interpreted as normal variance within species. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/18/D5/1618D5130879585CAC4109FE8A4C07E1.xml b/data/16/18/D5/1618D5130879585CAC4109FE8A4C07E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24d12f3be49 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/18/D5/1618D5130879585CAC4109FE8A4C07E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ + + + +Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Breure, Abraham S. H. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, Leiden, the Netherlands +bbreure@xs4all.nl + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Natural History Museum, Division of Higher Invertebrates, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-03-21 + + +392 + + +1 +367 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 +1313-2970-392-1 +FFCF5A59FFB1FF93FFF10B43FFAFFFF5 +578044 + + + + + +Helix poecila +d'Orbigny +, 1835 + +Figs 45M-N +, L47iii + + + + +Helix poecila +d'Orbigny +, 1835: 11. + + +Bulimus poecilus +; + +d'Orbigny +1837 [1834-1847] + +: 268, pl. 31 figs 1-10 [?before 27 Feb. 1837; text 23 April 1838]; +Gray 1854 +: 15. + + +Drymaeus +cf. +draparnaudi +(Pfeiffer, 1847); +Breure 1975b +: 1150, pl. 8 fig. 2 [partim]. + + +Drymaeus poecilus +; +Breure 1975b +: 1152 [partim]; +Cuezzo et al. 2013 +: 156. + + + +Type locality. +"provincia Chiquitensi (republica Boliviana)"; see remarks. + + +Label. + +"valle grande, Bolivia" [1854.12.4.152], "Monte grande. Sta Cruz (Bolivia)" [.153], "chiquitos, Bolivia" [.154], "Chiquitos, Bolivia" [.155], "Chiquitos, Bolivia" [.156], [No locality given,. 157], all in +d'Orbigny's +handwriting. + + + +Dimensions. +"Longit 22 1/2 mil.; latit. a 15 ad 16 millim."; figured specimen herein H 34.8, D 17.9, W 5+. + + + +Type +material. + + +NHMUK 1854.12.4.152-157, 53 paralectotypes ( +d'Orbigny +coll.). + + + +Remarks. + +In + +d'Orbigny +(1838 [1834-1847]) + +the type locality is specified for two varieties, var. +major +and var. +minor +. Var. +major +was found especially at "la porte de Tasajos et du bourg de Pampa grande". Var. +minor +occurs in the forests bordering the "Rio grande", the forests bordering "Rio de Tacabaca, entre San-Juan et Santo-Corazon de Chiquitos et aux environs de cette +premiere +Mission [San Juan]". See also +Breure (1973) +. The six lots in NHMUK represent two different varieties recognized by +d'Orbigny +, which are as such not mentioned in his papers, labelled as +"B" +and +"C" +. Lot 1854.12.4.152 consists of five specimens ("var. B"), the largest with H = 33.7. Lot. 153 has seven specimens of the same variety, the largest with H = 33.9. Lot. 154 consists of eight juveniles ("var. C"). Lot. 155 consisted originally of eight specimens, one is now missing; one corresponds to + +d'Orbigny +1837 [1834-1847] + +: pl. 31 figs 7-8 and is re-figured herein. Lot. 156 originally counted 16 specimens (one now missing), the largest measures H = 31.5. Finally, lot. 157 has 11 specimens of which the largest has H = 30.9. All material belongs to the same species, contrasting the findings of +Breure (1975b) +for the material in MNHN. + + + +Current systematic position. + +Bulimulidae +, + +Drymaeus (Drymaeus) poecilus + +( +d'Orbigny +, 1835). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/18/F2/1618F210FF9A022EFD19FEA4BE63A571.xml b/data/16/18/F2/1618F210FF9A022EFD19FEA4BE63A571.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6262e2ca0f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/18/F2/1618F210FF9A022EFD19FEA4BE63A571.xml @@ -0,0 +1,838 @@ + + + +Eubria mesoamericana Barr and Shepard (Coleoptera: Psephenidae: Eubriinae), a New Psephenid Species from Central America with an Enigmatic Generic Distribution + + + +Author + +Barr, Cheryl B. + + + +Author + +Shepard, William D. + +text + + +The Coleopterists Bulletin + + +2017 + +2017-09-18 + + +71 + + +3 + + +437 +444 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-71.3.437 + +journal article +5189 +10.1649/0010-065X-71.3.437 +60f76049-480e-4938-9dee-effac0ef4d64 +1938-4394 +4788526 + + + + + + + +Eubria mesoamericana +Barr and Shepard + +, +new species + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1–4 +) + + + + +Type Material. + + +HOLOTYPE + +♂ in +USNM, labeled “ +PANAMA +, Cocle, / El Valle, + +829m + +/ + +27 May 1983 + +// Collected by / +P. J. Spangler +” // [genitalia vial] // “♂ tail to YTS [ +Young T. Sohn +] / to draw #253 / in spot plate // +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Eubria +/ +mesoamericana + +/ Barr & Shepard” [red label, handwritten]. + + +Eight +paratypes +[yellow labels, printed] were examined from the following localities: +PANAMA +: Cocle, / El Valle, + +829m + +/ + +27 May 1983 + +// Collected by / +P. J. Spangler +(1♂, +USNM +); + + +Colón Prov. / +Rio Guanche +/ + +5 km +S Portobelo + +/ +09°30.202’N +79°39.903’W +/ + +18-vii-1999 + +, el. + +100 ft. + +/ +J. B. Woolley +, 99/031 (1♂, +TAMU +); + + +Veraguas / Prov., +Que. de Venado +/ ~ + +4 km +S Las Palmas + +/ + +27- VIII-2006 + +, +C. B. Barr +// +08°05.987’ N +/ +81°26.076’ W +/ + +elevation +729 ft. + +// [genitalia vial] (1♂, +EMEC +); + + +Barro Colo +[rado] +Is +[land] / C[anal] Z[one] +Mar Apr +49 / +Zetek +5393 //? +Eubrianax +/ n. sp. / HSB 49 (1♂, +USNM +); Paraiso C[anal]Z[one] / +Pan +[ama] I.20.11 / +August Busck +// +Ectopria +/ n. sp. ( +1♀ +, +USNM +); + + +PortoBello +/ +Pan +[ama] + +Mar 1911 + +/ +August Busck +(1♂, +USNM +). + + +COSTA RICA +. Prov. +Limón +, R.B. / +Hitoy Cerere +, +Sendero Toma de Agua +, / + +100 - 200m + +, + +19 MAR - 2 ABR 2002 + +, / +W. Arana +, +Manual +, / L N 184300 643450 #67803 // [barcode label] INB0003457667 / INB!OCR! +COSTA RICA +( +1♀ +, +MNCR +); + + +San José +/ Prov., sm. stream at Rta. / 243, 2 km NE Tinamaste / SW +San Isidro de General +/ + +22-VI-2001 + +, coll. +C. B. Barr +// +09°18.55’ N +/ +83°46.05’ W +/ elevation ~ + +2750 ft. + +// [genitalia vial] (1♂, +EMEC +). + + + + + +Fig. 1. + +Eubria mesoamericana + +, adult males (length = pronotum + elytra). A) Dorsal view, length 1.7 mm, B) Ventral view, length 1.8 mm. + + + + +Fig. 2. + +Eubria mesoamericana + +, holotype, male genitalia. A) Ventral view, B) Lateral view. + + + + +Description. +Holotype +male. Length (pronotum + elytra) +1.8 mm +, width +1.2 mm +. Body convex, broadly ovate in dorsal view ( +Fig. 1A +); cuticle brown to redbrown except for yellow-brown left elytron; covered with short, fine, recumbent, golden setae; elytra with a series of irregular, linear, granulate impressions ( +Figs. 1A +, +3B +). +Antenna: +With 11 antennomeres, together as long as body or nearly so; brown, covered with evenly distributed, short, stiff, golden setae and cup-shaped sensillae; antennomere 1 cylindrical, as long as wide; antennomere 2 wider than long, 1/2 the size of antennomere 1; antennomeres 3–8 flattened, broadly serrate, each with width at apex more than 1/2 the length; antennomeres 9–11 flattened, progressively less broadly serrate (right antenna missing antennomere 11; left antenna with antennomeres 10 and 11 glued to card point). +Head: +Opisthognathous ( +Fig. 1B +), dark brown, with prominent antennal ridges between eyes. Eye black, prominent, hemispherical, slightly emarginate to accommodate antennal base. Clypeus tipped at 90° angle to frons; anterior border slightly arcuate; lateral surfaces at 90° angle to disc, excavated to accommodate antennae in repose. Labrum subpentagonal, lateral borders rimmed; brown basally, yellow and setose apically. Maxillary palpus pale yellow, very long, with 4 palpomeres; apical palpomere elongate with 3 processes at tip. Labial palpus pale yellow, length less than half that of maxillary palpus, with 3 palpomeres; apical palpomere globular with 3 processes at tip. +Pronotum: +Transverse, more than twice as wide as long, much wider at base than apex ( +Fig. 1A +); length +0.4 mm +, width 1.0 mm; brown, covered with numerous fine, recumbent setae; margins with low, dark carina. Anterior margin curved basad; lateral margins slightly arcuate; posterior margin slightly bisinuate, nearly straight anterior to scutellum; apicolateral angles broadly rounded; posterolateral angles more narrowly rounded. Scutellum broadly, equilaterally triangular, disc flat and slightly depressed relative to elytra, setose. +Elytron: +Twice as long as wide ( +Fig. 1A +), length +1.4 mm +, width +0.6 mm +, widest at apical 1/3; broadly rounded laterally; right elytron red-brown, left elytron yellow-brown. Disc depressed adjacent to scutellum; moderately convex, with 6, mostly longitudinal, irregular, impressed lines of various lengths, some interconnected ( +Figs. 1A +, +3B +), containing fine granules; humerus prominent and raised, smoothly rounded; basal and lateral margins with dark carinae; epipleuron flat, bordered laterally and mesally with dark carinae extending to apex. Metathoracic wings entire. +Legs: +Prothoracic leg shortest, metathoracic leg longest (left metathoracic leg detached from body and glued on card point); legs of similar proportions, each with femur and tibia about the same length. Profemur yellow, protibia yellow-brown; meso- and metafemora yellow-brown, meso- and metatibiae darker; all tarsi yellow. All coxae transverse, metacoxa shortest and very narrow laterally; each coxa incised for reception of femur, posterior margins with dark carinae. All legs with each femur having posterior surface grooved for reception of tibia. Tarsi very setose; each tarsus with 5 long, cylindrical tarsomeres; tarsomeres 1–4 progressively shorter distally, tarsomere 5 longest, as long as previous 3 combined; pretarsus with 1 claw simple, 1 claw apically bifid, with long, white empodium between claws. +Venter: +Cuticle redbrown ( +Fig. 1B +). Prosternum short, transverse; setose; hypomeron slightly convex; prosternal process narrow between procoxae, apex rounded. Mesosternum short, disc flat, posterior border truncate between metacoxae; heavily setose; episternum and epimeron triangular. Metasternum about 3 times wider than long; strongly convex; heavily setose except where abraded at center of disc; episternum quadrate. Abdomen with 5 visible, setose ventrites; ventrites 1–4 transverse, much wider than long, posterior borders smooth; ventrite 5 broadly triangular with rounded apex. +Genitalia: +Weakly sclerotized. Phallobase short with parameres attached at base; parameres very narrow in dorsal view ( +Fig. 2A +), curved laterally outward toward apex, tip acute; flat, blade-like accessory sclerite with rounded tip between each paramere and penis; penis broad basally, becoming very narrow at middle, tip dorsally recurved and distinctly hooked ( +Fig. 2B +). Accessory sclerites longer than parameres and penis; penis shorter than parameres. + + + +Fig. 3. + +Eubria mesoamericana + +, elytral variation. A) Female from Limón Province, Costa Rica, B) Holotype male from Coclé Province, Panama, C) Male from Colón Province, Panama. + + + +Female. + +Eubria mesoamericana + +, like other eubriines, is sexually dimorphic. The antennae of the female are only slightly serrate, and the length is about half as long as that of the male. The tarsi, including the claws, are narrower, smaller, and more delicate in appearance than those of the male. Both claws of the female are simple, whereas one claw of each pair is bifid in the male. Acknowledging the small sample size, there was no difference in overall body size between males ( +n += 7) and females ( +n += 2). + + +Variation. +The range in body size of the +nine specimens +examined was +1.7–1.9 mm +in length and +1.2–1.5 mm +in width. Body shape in dorsal view varied from round to broadly ovate, and the overall color varied from yellow-brown to red-brown. Leg color differed among specimens, with the femora ranging from yellow to yellow-brown and often darker basally, along the posterior surface, and at the apex; tibiae were yellow-brown to brown and darker than the rest of the leg. The impressed lines on the elytra are variable in number, configuration, and interconnectivity among the specimens examined ( +Fig. 3 +). Most have six lines on each elytron, however, one has as few as three. The difference in color between the left and right elytron of the +holotype +specimen is not a normal condition, and the cause is unknown. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Because of its shape and very small size, + +E. mesoamericana + +cannot be confused with any other described species of +Psephenidae +in the Neotropics. The species is most closely related to the Old World species + +E. palustris + +and very similar in appearance. Aside from their greatly disjunct geographic distributions, the species can be separated morphologically by the configuration of impressed lines on the elytra and by the number of apical processes on the labial palpi. In + +E. mesoamericana + +, the impressed line closest to the suture is unbroken from near the scutellum almost to the apex ( +Fig. 3 +), whereas in + +E. palustris + +there are two lines near the suture, separated at about the basal third. The labial palpus of + +E. mesoamericana + +has three projections at the tip of the apical palpomere; + +E. palustris + +has four projections (Lee and Jäch 1996). In addition, the male genitalia are very different, with that of + +E. palustris + +having much broader parameres and penis than that of + +E. mesoamericana + +( +Fig. 2 +), as well as having three pairs of accessory sclerites (one pair in + +E. mesoamericana + +). Illustrations of the elytron and genitalia of + +E. palustris + +appear in Lee and Jäch (1996). + + + +Eubria mesoamericana + +differs in the following respects from the description and diagnosis of + +Eubria + +offered by Lee and Jäch (1996), therefore, these characters should henceforth be considered species characters: posterior margins of abdominal ventrites 3 and 4 are smooth rather than serrate; and the labial palpi of both sexes bear three projections on each tip rather than four ( +Fig. 1B +). + + + + +Fig. 4. + +Eubria mesoamericana + +, larva. A) Dorsal view, B) Ventral view. + + + + +Etymology. +The Latin name “ + +mesoamericana + +” refers to the geographic region of origin, Mesoamerica ( +i.e +., Central America). The gender is female. + + + + +Eubria palustris + +Examined for Comparison. + +Slov. or. lgt. Boukal / Bukovské vrchy / NOVÁ SEDLICA / +5.7.1990 +// +Eubria +/ +palustris Er. +/ Det. D. Boukal 1990 (1♂, EMEC); ‘60 // n. Wienerwald // +Eubria +/ +palustris ER. +/ det. M. Jäch 1995 ( +1♀ +[?], EMEC). + + +Larval Material Examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +Alajuela +/ +N of Bijagua + +650 m + +/ + +6 VI 2000 + +/ R´ıo +Bijagua +/ WDS-A-1298 [on reverse] // +William D. +/ +Shepard +, leg. (2, +EMEC +) + +; + +Alajuela +/ +SE of Bijagua +/ + +7 VI 2000 + +/ R´ıo +Flores +/ WDS-A-1300 [on reverse] // +William D. +/ +Shepard +leg. (1, +EMEC +) + +; + +Cartago +/ + +4 km +N Pavones + +/ + +23 XI 2002 + +/ R´ıo +Chitaria +/ WDS- A-1494 [on reverse] // +William D. +/ +Shepard +, leg. (1partial exuvium, +EMEC +) + +; + +Guanacaste +/ +Rincón de la Vieja +/ +Lodge +19 +̛ +I +̛ +2000 / R´ıo Colorado / WDS- A-1287 [on reverse] // +William D. +/ +Shepard +, leg. (1, +EMEC +) + +; + +Puntarenas +/ +NE of Dominical +/ + +19 VI 2000 + + +200 m + +/ unnamed stream / WDS-A-1315 [on reverse] // +William D. +/ +Shepard +, leg. (1 exuvium, +EMEC +) + +. + + +Larval Description. +General description based on four individuals. Length +2.3–3.5 mm +. Body ( +Fig. 4 +) depressed, round to broadly ovate depending on amount of contraction, lateral margins explanate. Dorsum yellow-brown with darker brown mottling on tergites, paratergites (pleural processes) yellow. Dorsum ( +Fig. 4A +) with brown tubercles arranged in irregular longitudinal lines; thorax with moderately dense, scattered tubercles laterad of longitudinal lines. Paratergites with dense fringe of long, white, transparent setae on all margins. Prothorax without mid-dorsal longitudinal sclerite; median ecdysial suture complete; 1 row of brown tubercles on each side of ecdysial suture. Mesothorax, metathorax, and abdominal segments I–VIII with 3 rows of brown tubercles on each side of midline, forming 2 lateral pairs of irregular lines and paler central pair with mid-dorsal suture between; abdominal segment IX with only 4 rows total.Abdominal segments I–VII with paratergites becoming successively longer, more curved, and with apices more acutely angled towards apex; 7 +th +paratergites longest, extending posteriorly to tip of 8 +th +paratergites and enclosing them laterally. Eighth paratergites short, extending only to mid-length of abdominal segment IX, rounded apically, with reduced setal fringe. Abdominal segment IX wider than long; anterior border straight, lateral borders slightly concave to receive 8 +th +paratergites; posterior border broadly rounded and densely setose. Venter ( +Fig. 4B +) white, membranous except for paratergites, legs, and well-sclerotized tips of tarsunguli. Ventral operculum present on segment IX, concealing gills beneath. + + + +Fig. 5. + +Eubria mesoamericana + +, adult collection site in San José Province, Costa Rica. + + + +Larval Diagnosis. +The larva of + +E. mesoamericana + +closely resembles that of + +E. palustris + +, which is illustrated in +Bertrand (1954) +and + +Lee +et al. +(2016) + +as + +Eubria +. + +Although larvae generally can be distinguished only to the generic level, apparent slight differences between the two species include the wider first abdominal paratergite and shorter, less semicircular apex of the ninth abdominal segment of + +E. mesoamericana + +( +Fig. 4 +). The only other Neotropical larvae without external gills, with which + +E. mesoamericana + +may be confused, are those of + +Dicranopselaphus +Guérin-Méneville + +and + +Neoeubria +Shepard and Barr. Unlike + + +Eubria + +, + +Dicranopselaphus + +larvae have long, narrow, strongly hooked paratergites on all segments from the prothorax posteriorly to abdominal segment VII, and abdominal segment IX is elongate and deeply notched at the apex. + +Neoeubria + +larvae have broadly rounded paratergites, and abdominal segment IX is large and semicircular. In addition, there are four pronounced, longitudinal ridges on the dorsum of + +Neoeubria + +. Illustrations of several Old and New World eubriine larvae are found in + +Lee +et al. +(2007) + +. + + +Habitat and Associated Aquatic Byrrhoids. +We swept two + +E. mesoamericana + +adults from riparian vegetation at a small and a medium-sized stream, both with shallow, clear water and substrates of sand, gravel and cobble ( +Fig. 5 +). Label data from +five adult +specimens, including our two, show an elevational range of + +31– +829 m + +. Larvae, collected by us from five localities with elevations ranging +200–844 m +, were from medium-sized streams with sandy/gravelly substrates that contained woody debris and leaves. + + +Other aquatic byrrhoid +Coleoptera +collected in conjunction with + +E. mesoamericana + +larvae included the following: +Dryopidae +- + +Dryops mexicanus +(Sharp) + +, + +Elmoparnus pandus +Spangler and Perkins + +; +Elmidae +- + +Austrolimnius +sp. + +, + +Cylloepus +sp. + +, + +Disersus longipennis +Sharp + +, + +Disersus uncus +Spangler and Santiago + +, + +Heterelmis +sp. + +, + +Hexacylloepus +sp. + +, + +Hexanchorus gracilipes +Sharp + +, + +Hexanchorus usitatus +Spangler and Santiago-Fragoso + +, + +Microcylloepus +sp. + +, + +Neoelmis +sp. + +, + +Notelmis nodipes +(Sharp) + +, + +Phanocerus clavicornis +Sharp + +, + +Phanocerus congener +Grouvelle + +, + +Pseudodisersus goudotii +(Guérin-Méneville) + +, + +Xenelmis bufo +(Sharp) + +; +Lutrochidae +- + +Lutrochus +sp. + +; +Psephenidae +- + +Psephenops maculicollis +Darlington + +, + +Psephenus +sp. + +; +Ptilodactylidae +- + +Anchytarsus palpalis +(Champion) + +. In general, most of the streams with + +E. mesoamericana + +larvae were typified by a high diversity of aquatic byrrhoids. + + + + +Distribution. +At present, + +E. mesoamericana + +is known from 13 locations in +Costa Rica +(seven) and +Panama +(six). Within these countries, the known distribution is very patchy, and the species is possibly rare, or at least uncommonly collected. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77245E2769FFF94F9FCEC191.xml b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77245E2769FFF94F9FCEC191.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e704c079c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77245E2769FFF94F9FCEC191.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Eulepida mbala, a new species from Zambia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) + + + +Author + +Sehnal, Richard + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-23 + + +4399 + + +4 + + +591 +595 + + + +journal article +30434 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.10 +f5adc190-982e-4678-bfa8-5f53b66457aa +1175-5326 +1206812 +9268BDE4-5A5A-4A1D-9DD6-321BE70355B8 + + + + + + +Key to species group II of + +Eulepida + +(modified from +Lacroix 2010 +). + + + + + + + +1. Scales on pronotum shorter and wider than on elytra. Scutellum with punctures fine and irregular. Protibia prolonged, distal tooth with pointed apex............................................................................................................................................................................... 2 + + + +- Scales on pronotum longer and wider than on elytra. Scutellum with punctures sparse and distinct. Protibia short, distal tooth with rounded apex +................................................................................................................................................ + +E. werneri +Lacroix, 2010 + + + + + + + +2. Larger species (> +25 mm +). Macrosetae of elytra uniformly scale-like.............................................................................................. 3 + + + + +- Smaller species (< +23 mm +). Macrosetae of elytra narrow, interspersed with isolated scale-like macrosetae..................................... +............................................................................................................................................................. + +E +. +mbala +Sehnal + +, + +new species + + + + + + + +3. Pygidium sparsely covered with fine scale-like macrosetae ...................................................................... + +E. anatina +Brenske, 1896 + + + + + +- Pygidium densely covered with wide scale-like macrosetae ........................................................... + +E. tschindeana +Péringuey, 1904 + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77245E2769FFFA389897C01D.xml b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77245E2769FFFA389897C01D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8f0139a681c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77245E2769FFFA389897C01D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +Eulepida mbala, a new species from Zambia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) + + + +Author + +Sehnal, Richard + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-23 + + +4399 + + +4 + + +591 +595 + + + +journal article +30434 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.10 +f5adc190-982e-4678-bfa8-5f53b66457aa +1175-5326 +1206812 +9268BDE4-5A5A-4A1D-9DD6-321BE70355B8 + + + + + + + +Eulepida werneri +Lacroix, 2010 + + + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1F +, +2D +) + + + + + + + +Material +examined: + + +“SE +Zimbabwe +| +Chipinge +, +Mt. Selinda +| + +XII. 1998 + +| +Bečvář +leg”, +two males +and +one female + +are deposited in +Richard Sehnal +collection, +Velenice +, Czech Republic. + + + + +Note. +The species was described from +Tanzania +(Songea, Ruwuma, Mikumi, Hinterland, +Dar es Salaam +, Bagamoyo, and Kigonsera) ( +Lacroix 2010 +) and subsequently recorded from Kwamgumi ( +Lacroix 2013 +). The new locality reported here represents a new country record for +Zimbabwe +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77255E2669FFF9539EA4C1F7.xml b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77255E2669FFF9539EA4C1F7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd308225ebc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77255E2669FFF9539EA4C1F7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Eulepida mbala, a new species from Zambia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) + + + +Author + +Sehnal, Richard + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-23 + + +4399 + + +4 + + +591 +595 + + + +journal article +30434 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.10 +f5adc190-982e-4678-bfa8-5f53b66457aa +1175-5326 +1206812 +9268BDE4-5A5A-4A1D-9DD6-321BE70355B8 + + + + + + + +Eulepida tschindeana +Péringuey, 1904 + + + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1E +, +2C +) + + + + + + +Material examined: + +“ +Zimbabwe +Ngezi +| +Kwekwe +env. 30.11.- + +1.12.1998 + +| +S. Bečvář +leg.”, +one male + +; + +“C +Zimbabwe +| +Gweru +, +Shangani +env. | 2.- +12.1998 +| +Bečvář +leg.”, +one female + +; both specimens are deposited in Richard Sehnal collection, Velenice, Czech Republic. + + + + +Note. +The species was described from +Mozambique +(Beira) and subsequently recorded from Mount Binga and Chimoio ( +Lacroix 2010 +). The new localities reported here represent a new country record for +Zimbabwe +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77255E2669FFFA1A9E3FC0E1.xml b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77255E2669FFFA1A9E3FC0E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e8f251b66e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77255E2669FFFA1A9E3FC0E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +Eulepida mbala, a new species from Zambia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) + + + +Author + +Sehnal, Richard + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-23 + + +4399 + + +4 + + +591 +595 + + + +journal article +30434 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.10 +f5adc190-982e-4678-bfa8-5f53b66457aa +1175-5326 +1206812 +9268BDE4-5A5A-4A1D-9DD6-321BE70355B8 + + + + + + +Faunistic notes on some + +Eulepida + +species of group II ( +sensu +Lacroix, 2010 +) + + + + + + + + + +Eulepida anatina +Brenske, 1896 + +( +Figs. 1D +, +2B +) + + + + + + +Material examined: “ +C +Zimbabwe +Chivhu | Feathestone env. +22.11.1996 +| Snížek leg.”, +14 males +and two females are deposited in Richard Sehnal collection, Velenice, +Czech Republic +, one male and one female in Národní muzeum +Praha +, +Czech Republic +. + + + + +Note. +The species was decribed from +Zimbabwe +( +Matabélé +) and subsequently recorded from Sebakwe, Umtamli, Salisbury, and Chivhu ( +Lacroix 2010 +). This additonal record for +Zimbabwe +is here reported. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77275E2669FFF9BD9F2AC329.xml b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77275E2669FFF9BD9F2AC329.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6aac9cdbb6a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/19/EF/1619EF4B77275E2669FFF9BD9F2AC329.xml @@ -0,0 +1,272 @@ + + + +Eulepida mbala, a new species from Zambia (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) + + + +Author + +Sehnal, Richard + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-03-23 + + +4399 + + +4 + + +591 +595 + + + +journal article +30434 +10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.10 +f5adc190-982e-4678-bfa8-5f53b66457aa +1175-5326 +1206812 +9268BDE4-5A5A-4A1D-9DD6-321BE70355B8 + + + + + + + +Eulepida mbala +Sehnal + +, +new species + + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1A–C +, +2A +) + + + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +Zambia +, +Northern Province +, +15 km +W of +Mbala. + + + + + +Type +material. + +Holotype +(male) and +2 paratypes +( +1 male +and +1 female +): “ +ZAMBIA +, +Northern +prov. | + +15 km +W Mbala + +- lake | +Tanganyika +, + +15. XII. 2009 + +| +Michal Bednařík +leg + +. + + +1500 m + +[printed]”. +Type +depository: +holotype +in +Národní +muzeum +Praha +, +Czech Republic +, both +paratypes +in +Richard Sehnal +collection, +Velenice +, +Czech Republic + +. + + + + + +Description of +holotype +(male). + +Body length +22.3 mm +, elongate, almost parallel-sided, gently convex. Dorsal and ventral surface weakly shiny, head blackish brown, pronotum and elytra chestnut brown, pronotum with darker disk, pronotal and elytral sides darker, macrosetation almost white ( +Fig. 1A–B +). Dorsal surface of head covered with erect macrosetae, pronotum, scutellum and elytra covered with narrow, medium long, recumbent macrosetae; ventral surface of thorax and abdomen with narrow, pale yellow, short and long, recumbent macrosetae and with sparse, yellow, long, erect macrosetae. Head appendages and legs covered with pale yellow, medium long macrosetae. + + +Head with labrum transverse, deeply bilobed; lobes rounded, irregularly and weakly punctate; lobes covered with long, erect macrosetae. Head including clypeus densely wrinkled and coarsely punctate; each puncture with long, erect macroseta. Macrosetae +4x +longer than puncture diameter. Clypeus sparsely, evenly, moderately punctate with macrosetae, as on head. Without frontoclypeal carina. Frons densely punctate with macrosetae, as on head. Occipital carina poorly indicated. Occiput sparsely, evenly, moderately punctate. Canthus narrow, short, glabrous. Eye large, distinctly extending beyond canthus. Antenna with 10 antennomeres; club with three antennomeres, almost straight, 1.7x longer than antennal shaft (antennomeres 1–7 combined). Antennomeres 1–7 with sparse long macrosetae; club with sparse short macrosetae. Terminal maxillary palpomere expanded near midlength, club-shaped, shorter than palpomeres 2 and 3 combined. + + + +FIGURES 1A–F. + +Eulepida mbala + + +new species + +, holotype (male) and paratype No. 1 (female). Habitus, dorsal view: A, holotype; B, paratype. Pygidium, lateral view, male (upper) and female (lower). C, + +Eulepida mbala + + +new species + +; D, + +Eulepida anatina +Brenske, 1896 + +; E, + +Eulepida tschindeana +Péringuey, 1904 + +; F, + +Eulepida werneri +Lacroix, 2010 + +. Not to scale. + + + +Pronotum transverse, widest at base, anterolateral wrinkles present. Lateral margins crenulate, with short macrosetose. Base bordered, medially gently arched toward elytra, with smooth margin paralleled by a row of fine punctures and sharp lateral angles. Disk with deep punctures separated by 1–2 puncture diameters and macrosetae +3x +longer than puncture diameters. Punctation of remaining surface similar, macrosetae yellowish white, semirecumbent. + + +Scutellum large, almost equilaterally triangular, with sides and apex rounded; punctation irregular, each puncture bearing narrow, white, almost recumbent scale-like macroseta +3x +longer than puncture diameter. + +Elytra weakly convex, widest near rounded apex; apical angle of elytron approximately rectangular. Striae absent. Humeral umbone present, weakly swollen. Surface not microsculptured, matt, with shallow, coarse punctures arranged in evenly spaced rows separated by 2 puncture diameters, and interspersed with fine punctures separated by 1–3 puncture diameters. Each puncture bears a narrow, yellowish-white, weakly recumbent macroseta, laterally some macrosetae become scale-like. Epipleuron distinct, complete, wide, membranous, laterally glabrous. +Macropterous species, wings fully developed in both sexes. +Legs with femora narrow, shiny, irregularly punctate, macrosetaceous. Protibia narrow, distinctly bidentate; inner terminal spur at level of proximal tooth. Mesotibia and metatibia slightly expanded distally, with two macrosetiferous longitudinal carinae. Metatibial apical carina vague. Upper terminal spine of metatibia slightly longer than lower spine, apically pointed. Claws bifid, with ventrobasal teeth. +Ventrum covered by narrow, recumbent, yellowish-white macrosetae. + +Pygidium slightly longer than wide, convex, completely bordered, apically broadly rounded and with a pronounced elongate cuticular invagination; evenly covered by deep macrosetose punctures, macrosetae +3x +longer than puncture diameters. + + +Male genitalia ( +Figs. 2A +). Parameres symmetrical, longer than phallobase, evenly curved in ventral aspect, rounded with double hump in lateral aspect, apically curved and expanded in dorsal aspect; macrosetae absent. + + +Variability in males. +The only known male +paratype +is slightly smaller, +22.2 mm +long. Colouration as in +holotype +. + + +Sexual dimorphism +. Female differs from male in the following respects: body length 23.0 mm; antennal club shorter; border of clypeus evenly rounded ( +Fig. 1B +); protibial teeth wider and longer; elytra widest behind midlength ( +Fig. 1B +); pygidium simple, wider, shorter, concave ( +Fig. 1C +); metatibia more strongly expanded distally; tarsomeres of all legs shorter. + + +Geographic distribution +. Zambia, Northern Province. + + + + +Differential diagnosis +. + +Eulepida mbala + +new species +can be differentiated from all other species of the genus using the following diagnostic characters in males: protibia bidentate; antennal club distinctly longer than antennal shaft; pygidium narrow, longer than wide, with a pronounced apical invagination; scales on pronotum shorter and wider than on elytra; macrosetae on elytra narrow, with interspersed isolated scale-like macrosetae; aedeagus evenly curved in ventral aspect, rounded with double hump in lateral aspect, apically curved and expanded in dorsal aspect; body length < +23 mm +. + + + + +Etymology +. Derived from the name of the +type +locality Mbala ( +Northern Province +, +Zambia +); noun in apposition. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/19/F8/1619F8D7495276DFED246B96D1446CAC.xml b/data/16/19/F8/1619F8D7495276DFED246B96D1446CAC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5cfbf421b29 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/19/F8/1619F8D7495276DFED246B96D1446CAC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +252 +342 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Amyris protium +Linnaeus + +, + +Systema Naturae +, ed. 12, 2 + +: 266; + +Mantissa Plantarum +: + +65. 1767 + + +. + + + + +"Habitat in +India +orientali." RCN: 3686. + + + +Type not designated. + + +Original material: [icon] in Rumphius, Herb. Amboin. Auct.: 54, t. 23, f. 1. 1755. + + + +Current name: + + +Protium javanicum + +Burm. + +f. ( +Burseraceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1A/19/161A199C16A65DB7ADF977667BA94B72.xml b/data/16/1A/19/161A199C16A65DB7ADF977667BA94B72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e91155975c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1A/19/161A199C16A65DB7ADF977667BA94B72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda, Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue + + + +Author + +Pall-Gergely, Barna +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Otto ut 15, Budapest, H- 1022, Hungary +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6167-7221 +pallgergely2@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Sajan, Sheikh +Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India & Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 002, Uttarakhand, India +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-6824 + + + +Author + +Tripathy, Basudev +Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India + + + +Author + +Meng, Kaibaryer +National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China + + + +Author + +Asami, Takahiro +Department of Biology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390 - 8621, Japan +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-0272 + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Mollusca Section, Invertebrates Division, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museums, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +981 + + +1 +220 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583 +1313-2970-981-1 +5194AAC86B8A473F8A41470A60182A0B +7C44C797C4125A71BAE032A55E6FA5DC + + + + +Dicharax (?) nattoungensis (Godwin-Austen, 1914) +Fig. 24 + + + + +Alycaeus nattoungensis +Godwin-Austen, 1914: 410-411, pl. 155, figs 15, 15a. + + +Alycaeus nattoungensis +- +Gude 1921 +: 212-213. + + + +Type locality. +"Nattoung Hills". + + +Material examined. +Nattoung Hills, Mendon District, Pegu, Burma, coll. Theobald, NZSI M.8036 (holotype, [single specimen mentioned in the original description]). + + +Remarks. +Protoconch low, without spiral striation; beginning of R1 nearly smooth, its end with rather widely spaced, wide, but low ribs; R2 long, with rather sharp, straight ribs. + + +Figure 24. +Dicharax (?) nattoungensis +(Godwin-Austen, 1914), holotype (NZSI M.8036). All images: Sheikh Sajan. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1A/4B/161A4BBD680451B693BC00BFEDBA4B32.xml b/data/16/1A/4B/161A4BBD680451B693BC00BFEDBA4B32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..56ee364dc6e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1A/4B/161A4BBD680451B693BC00BFEDBA4B32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Review of recent taxonomic changes to the emerald moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Geometrinae) + + + +Author + +Plotkin, David +Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, United States of America & Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, United States of America +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2339-655X +dplotkin@ufl.edu + + + +Author + +Kawahara, Akito Y. +Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, United States of America +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3724-4610 + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +8 + + +52190 +52190 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e52190 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e52190 +1314-2828-8-e52190 +4EE598BC99D8506FB10BD389A32B5A60 + + + + +Lindachlora Viidalepp & Lindt, 2012 ("gen. nov.") + + + + +Lindachlora flaccida +(Warren, 1909) ("comb. nov.") + + +Lindachlora tanystys +(Prout, 1931) ("comb. nov.") + + + +Notes + +The genus + +Lindachlora + +currently contains two species, both of which were transferred from + +Phrudocentra + +Warren, 1895 by +Viidalepp and Lindt (2012) +, with + +L. flaccida + +designated as the type species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1A/98/161A98FC256B71A417C342B499DDD5F0.xml b/data/16/1A/98/161A98FC256B71A417C342B499DDD5F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e1d005529d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1A/98/161A98FC256B71A417C342B499DDD5F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ + + + +Annotated catalogue of the Haliplidae of China with the description of a new species and new records from China (Coleoptera, Adephaga) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Vondel, Bernhard van + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +133 + + +1 +17 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.133.1642 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.133.1642 +1313-2970-133-1 + + + + +27. +Peltodytes (Peltodytes) intermedius (Sharp, 1873) + + + +Material examined. +Sichuan: 1 ♂, Emeishan Mt., 6.viii.1982, lgt. Zhi-he Huang. Guangdong: 1♂, Guangzhou, Luogang cave, 12.x.1932, lgt. Y.W. Diou. + + +Distribution. +Eastern Palaearctic species, known from the south-east of China: Beijing, Fujian, Guangdong, Shanghai, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang. New records for Sichuan and Guangdong. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1A/F2/161AF221198F5B22A0A7DA9653A2DC30.xml b/data/16/1A/F2/161AF221198F5B22A0A7DA9653A2DC30.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7281b9d0aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1A/F2/161AF221198F5B22A0A7DA9653A2DC30.xml @@ -0,0 +1,291 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular data reveal Cerrena caulinicystidiata sp. nov. and Polyporus minutissimus sp. nov. in Polyporales from Asia + + + +Author + +Zheng, Zi-Wei +https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8442-408X +State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Qiu-Yue +0000-0001-9458-3566 +State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Li-Rong +Center for Biodiversity and Nature Reserve, Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing 100043, China + + + +Author + +Yuan, Hai-Sheng +0000-0001-7056-140X +Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China + + + +Author + +Wu, Fang +0000-0002-1455-6486 +State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2024 + +2024-06-13 + + +106 + + +1 +21 + + + +journal article +10.3897/mycokeys.106.121840 + + + + + +Cerrena caulinicystidiata +T. Cao, F. Wu & H. S. Yuan + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 3 +, +4 + + + + + +Holotype +. + + + + +China +• +Zhejiang Province +, +Hangzhou +, +Xiaoshan District +, +Yangjingwu Forest Park +; + +30 ° 4 ' 1 " N +, +120 ° 19 ' 35 " E + +; + +134 m +a. s. l. + +; + +27 Mar. 2023 + +; +on fallen angiosperm branch +; +F. Wu +leg., Wu 661 ( +BJFC 040654 +). + + + + + +Etymology. + + +Caulinicystidiata +(Lat.): Refers to the cystidia with a tapering base. + + + + +Description. + + + +Basidiocarps +. + +Annual, resupinate, sometimes effused-reflexed, continuous, easily separable, without special odor or taste when fresh, corky when dry, up to +10 cm +long, +3 cm +wide and +0.5 mm +thick. Pore surface greyish orange to brownish orange; pores irregular, 3–8 per mm, partly split up to +2 mm +long; dissepiments thin. Sterile margin finely fimbriated. Subiculum very thin, yellowish white, ca. +0.5 mm +thick, a very thin brownish red crust present in the bottom next to wood. Tubes concolorous with pore surface, corky, +0.5–1 mm +long. + + + +Hyphal structure +. + +Hyphal system trimitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections; skeletal and binding hyphae + +CB + ++, +IKI +–; tissues unchanged in +KOH +. + + + +Subiculum +. + +Generative hyphae thin- to slightly thick-walled, hyaline, clamped, frequently branched, 2–5 µm in diam; skeletal hyphae dominant, thick-walled to subsolid, unbranched, interwoven, 2.5–6 µm in diam; binding hyphae hyaline, thick-walled to subsolid, tortuose, moderately branched, 1.5–2.5 μm diam. The thin crust made up of subsolid, brownish and strongly agglutinated hyphae. + + + + + + +Basidiocarps of + +Cerrena caulinicystidiata + +(Holotype, Wu 661). + + + + +Tubes +. + +Generative hyphae infrequent, hyaline, thin- to slightly thick-walled, clamped, rarely branched, 2–3 µm diam; skeletal hyphae dominant, hyaline, thick-walled to subsolid, rarely branched, sometimes with septate, interwoven, 2–4 µm in diam; binding hyphae rare. Cystidia clavate to pyriform to ventricose, mostly thin-walled, occasionally thick-walled, smooth, 13–20 × 6–12 µm; encrusted cystidia numerous, clavate, originated from and tightly embedded in trama, 10–25 × 7–15 µm (with encrustation). Basidia short clavate, with four sterigmata and a basal clamp, 8–11 × 4–5 µm, basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but slightly smaller. + + + + + + +Microscopic structures of + +Cerrena caulinicystidiata + +(Wu 661) +a +basidiospores +b +basidia and basidioles +c +cystidia +d +encrusted cystidia +e +hyphae from subiculum +f +hyphae from trama. + + + + +Basidiospores +. + +Basidiospores broadly-ellipsoid to ovoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, + +CB + +–, +IKI +–, (3 –) 3.2–4.5 (– 4.8) × (2.5 –) 2.8–3.5 (– 3.9) µm, L = 3.94 µm, W = 2.84 µm, Q = 1.38–1.44 (n = 60 / 2). + + + + +Additional specimens examined + + + +( +paratypes +). + + +Vietnam +• +Lam dong Province +(Lat.), +Lac Duong District +, +Bidoup Nui Ba National Park +; + +12 ° 11 ' 8 " N +, +108 ° 40 ' 41 " E + +; + +1495 m +a. s. l. + +; + +15 Oct. 2017 + +; +on fallen angiosperm branch +; +H. S. Yuan +leg., Yuan 12666 ( + +IFP +019379 + +), Yuan 12664 ( + +IFP +019378 + +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/6E/161B6E21083952E8B668156685E6B785.xml b/data/16/1B/6E/161B6E21083952E8B668156685E6B785.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0ec2dc3ec02 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/6E/161B6E21083952E8B668156685E6B785.xml @@ -0,0 +1,471 @@ + + + +New records of Chrysochroinae Laporte de Castelnau, 1835 (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ai, Hong-Mu +College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China + + + +Author + +Qi, Zhi-Hao +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8596-0913 +College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China & Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, China + + + +Author + +Su, Rong-Xiang +Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, China + + + +Author + +Liao, Zhi-Yu +Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, China + + + +Author + +Song, Hai-Tian +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1042-7959 +Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, China +haitiansong@126.com + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-03-11 + + +12 + + +115599 +115599 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e115599 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e115599 +1314-2828-12-e115599 +B764EE5DA18D5C9598639DEC090FBA41 + + + + + +Cardiaspis mouhotii E. Saunders, 1866 + + + + +Cardiaspis mouhotii +E. Saunders, 1866: 307. +Saunders 1866 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceID: +E260F3C5-F7F6-535D-9943-9AE276D4B0CF +; + +Location +: + +country: +China +; stateProvince: +Yunnan +; locationRemarks: label: +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture +, +Jinghong City +, +Mengyang Town +, +01.09.2020 +, Zhong-Xiong Fu Leg.; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Hai-Tian Song + +; dateIdentified: 2020; + +Event +: + +habitat: +Rain Forest +; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: CHTS; basisOfRecord: + +PreservedSpecimen + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceID: +6AE549FC-CB79-5AE7-9C7B-ABD423870CA9 +; + +Location +: + +country: +China +; stateProvince: +Yunnan +; verbatimElevation: + + +800 m + + +; locationRemarks: label: +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture +, +Mengla County +, +Wangtianshu Scenic Region +, +12.07.2022 +, Pei-Lin Xue Leg.; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Zhi-Hao Qi + +; dateIdentified: 2022; + +Event +: + +habitat: +Rain Forest +; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: CHTS; basisOfRecord: + +PreservedSpecimen + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceID: +84639BEB-AE46-5BC9-A462-22E2F2CD692F +; + +Location +: + +country: +China +; stateProvince: +Yunnan +; verbatimElevation: + + +1456 m + + +; locationRemarks: label: +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture +, +Jinghong City +, +Jinuoshan +, +24.07.2022 +Hai-Tian Song Leg.; verbatimCoordinates: +22°03'N +, +100°40'E +; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Hai-Tian Song + +; dateIdentified: 2022; + +Event +: + +samplingProtocol: +flight intercept trap +; habitat: +Rain Forest +; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: CHTS; basisOfRecord: + +PreservedSpecimen + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceID: +0EB2C03C-5533-5D45-B6AA-C81FAF3DAB0F +; + +Location +: + +country: +China +; stateProvince: +Yunnan +; verbatimElevation: + + +1024 m + + +; locationRemarks: label: +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture +, +Jinghong City +, +Jinuoshan +, +14.09.2022 +, Hai-Tian Song Leg.; verbatimCoordinates: +22°05'N +, +101°00'E +; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Hai-Tian Song + +; dateIdentified: 2022; + +Event +: + +samplingProtocol: +flight intercept trap +; habitat: +Rain Forest +; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: CHTS; basisOfRecord: + +PreservedSpecimen + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +individualCount: +1 +; sex: +unknowm +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceID: +7488BAAD-FD1D-5382-B9F1-413451F67C2B +; + +Location +: + +country: +China +; stateProvince: +Yunnan +; locationRemarks: label: +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture +, +Jinghong City +, +Xiaomengyang +, +30.05.1981 +, Da-Zhi Dong Leg.; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Hai-Tian Song + +; dateIdentified: 2021; + +Event +: + +habitat: +Rain Forest +; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: KIZ; basisOfRecord: +PreservedSpecimen + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Distribution + +China (Yunnan) (new country record); Bhutan; India; Laos; Malaysia; Vietnam; Thailand ( +Akiyama and Ohmomo 2000 +, +Bellamy 2008a +, +Ek-Amnuay 2008 +, + +Kuban +2016 + +). + + + +Notes + +The body surface of the living adult with a yellow wax layer formed by powdery substance (Fig. +7 +). + + +Description +: + + +Female (Fig. +8 +): Body (n = 4) length: 23.9-29.8 mm, width: 8.9-11.4 mm, length/width ratio: 2.60-2.68. Body monochromatic metallic green with some metallic yellow, shiny; head and pronotum, densely and larger punctate, elytra very small punctate. Head small, frons with two longitudinal carinae along the eyes. Pronotum transverse, subtrapezoidal with lateral depressions moderate; anterior margin almost straight, lateral margins protruding outwards widely, posterior margin bisinuate, widest at base. Scutellum heart-shaped. Each elytron with eleven convex costae; lateral margins of elytra smooth, non-serrated, apices of elytra enlarged with three obvious spines at apex of each elytron. Protibia short, slightly incurved, outer margin with weak serrations, apex without distinct protrusion, inner margin at apex densely setose. Anterior margin of ventrite V protrusion at middle. + + +Male +: not examined. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA000A62FF54FC59FD6E5910.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA000A62FF54FC59FD6E5910.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1804bdc43c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA000A62FF54FC59FD6E5910.xml @@ -0,0 +1,668 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +flavopictus +(Yamada) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +downsi +Bohart & Ingram, 1946a + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +downsi + +(subspecific status by + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). Distribution: Amami and +Okinawa +Islands, +Japan +( + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). + + +subspecies + +flavopictus +Yamada, 1921 + +—original combination: + +Aedes flavopictus + +. Distribution: +Guam +, +India +, +Japan +, +Russia +, +South Korea +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +miyarai +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +flavopictus miyarai + +. Distribution: Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands, Ryukyu Archipelago, +Japan +( + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). + + + + +Yamada (1921) +described + +Ae. +flavopictus + +from specimens collected in Shiba, which was a ward of +Tokyo +until 1947 when it was merged with two other wards to form present-day Minato Ward. The Shiba area is in the eastern and southern parts of Minato Ward, and +Tokyo +is located on Honshu Island, which lies within the Palaearctic portion of +Japan +and has a humid subtropical climate. In contrast, the +type +localities of subspecies + +downsi + +and + +miyarai + +are located on southern islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago, which lie within the Oriental Region. Unlike the northern islands of the archipelago, which have a climate similar to that of Honshu Island, the southern islands have a tropical rainforest climate. The +type +locality of + +downsi + +is on +Okinawa +Island, located approximately +1,140 km +south of the main island of Honshu, and that of + +miyarai + +is on Ishigaki Island, which lies approximately +410 km +south of +Okinawa +Island. + + + + +Subspecies + +downsi + +, originally described as a species by +Bohart & Ingram (1946a) +, was reduced to a subspecies of + +flavopictus + +by +Bohart (1953) +. +Huang (1972) +re-instated + +downsi + +to its original species rank, but it was returned to its previous subspecific rank by + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +based on a much more detailed morphological analysis of adults, larvae and pupae. +Huang (1979) +retained + +downsi + +as a species, but she was apparently not aware of + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +. The following observations and rationale for the taxonomic acts of these investigators are extracted from their publications. + + +Bohart & Ingram (1946a) +: + + + + +[ + +Ae. +downsi + +] is probably most closely related to + +flavopictus +Yamada + +from northern +Japan +and +Korea +which according to Yamada’s figure of the male genitalia… has an irregular margin of the ninth tergite [tergum IX] and stout setae on the basal [mesal] lobe of the basistyle [gonocoxite]. This species differs from + +flavopictus + +, however, in having no spot at the end of the scutal suture, in the more angular and sharply serrate male ninth tergite and the stouter setae of the basal lobe of the male dististyle. + + +Bohart (1953) +: + + +From a comparison of this material [type series and reared adults of + +flavopictus + +] with +paratypes +and other specimens of + +downsi + +… I am of the opinion that + +downsi + +represents a subspecies with the following tendencies: (1) restriction of the silver stripe on the front surface of the hind femur to the basal two-thirds or three-fifths of the femur, (2) expansion of the white markings of hind tarsal IV to cover five-sixths to nine-tenths of the segment [hindtarsomere 4], (3) reduction of the tergal pale stripes of the abdomen to weak or incomplete bands especially on III. The gills [anal papillae] are variable in length, often quite short, and always unequal. The fifth pentad hair [seta 5-VIII] almost always has more than 4 branches…. In the typical subspecies from various of the main islands of +Japan +the fifth pentad is 6 to 20 branched according to Sasa and Kano (1951) and 5 to 17 branched according to LaCasse and +Yamaguti (1950) +. + + +Huang (1972) +: + + +The similarity between these two forms is so close that one would be inclined to regard + +downsi + +as a subspecies of + +flavopictus + +. However, it can be separated from + +flavopictus + +by the diagnostic characters mentioned in the key. In addition, the immature stages of + +downsi + +are markedly differentiated from + +flavopictus + +. The larva of + +downsi + +has the saddle incomplete, hair [seta] 14-P with 3–4 branches, hair 11-M and 11-T usually single (l–2); in + +flavopictus + +the saddle is complete, hair 14-P has 5–7 branches, hair 11-M is double and 11-T double or 3-branched. The pupa of + +downsi + +has hair 9-VI much stouter than 9-V, at least twice as long as 9-V, hair 9-VI usually single and barbed; in + +flavopictus + +hair 9-VI about same magnitude as 9-V, always single and simple. Based on the morphological difference in all stages of these two forms, I believe that + +downsi + +should be recognized as a distinct species. + + + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +: + + +Huang (1972) +elevated it again to a species. Her discussion of + +downsi + +appears accurate as far as specimens from +Okinawa +are concerned. However, more local and individual variations occur. + + +As a result of the above diagnosis on +13 adult +characters, the populations of Palaearctic +Japan +and +Korea +, Amami, Okinawa and Yaeyama are considered as a single species. The Palaearctic population is the nominate subspecies, + +flavopictus + +. The Amami and Okinawa populations are identical, conforming to subspecies + +downsi + +. The southernmost population (Yaeyama) of + +flavopictus + +, is identical with subspecies + +flavopictus + +in 2 characters, with subspecies + +downsi + +in 2 characters, intermediate in 4 characters, different from both in 5 characters, 3 of the lattermost not appearing clinal. This population is assigned to another subspecies, + +miyarai + +. + + +The larvae of + +f. +flavopictus + +are characterized by stiff stellate body setae, but the variation is wide…. No definite hairy +type +was found in… + +downsi + +and + +miyarai + +, whose setae have in general fewer branches and are usually weak. … The larvae of + +f. +downsi + +and + +f. +miyarai + +are, contrary to the adult, fairly homogenous, there being only minor differences, e.g., the laterobasal fringe of spicules of the comb scales is usually very weak and basally restricted in + +f. +downsi + +, usually a little stronger and extending up to near middle of the apical spine in + +f. +miyarai + +; the number of the pecten teeth [spines] is 4–12 (19; +x += 6.7) in + +f. +downsi + +, 7–19 (20; +x += 11.6) in + +f. +miyarai + +. Subspecies + +downsi + +and + +miyarai + +differ from + +flavopictus + +in the longer seta l-VII (the average length relative to the antenna being 1.63, 1.57 and 1.06 in + +downsi + +(19), + +miyarai + +(13) and + +flavopictus + +(30), respectively) and in that the ventral anal gill [papilla] is usually shorter than the dorsal one, while in 75% of + +flavopictus + +they were equal. …It is interesting that, in + +f. +flavopictus + +, many setae, such as 14-P, 5-T, 2-I, III–VII, 5-III-V, 9-VI, 13-I, III–V, have double or quadruple the numbers of branches found in the equivalent setae of + +f. +downsi + +and + +f. +miyarai + +. The non-hairy +type +in + +f. +downsi + +and + +f. +miyarai + +may represent an ancestral form of this species. + + +In our opinion, the morphological data indicate that the three forms are distinct polythetic taxa that are diagnosed by unique combinations of characters. Polythetic species are common in many groups of mosquitoes, particularly large groups like + +Aedes + +and + +Culex + +. + + +Numerous sequences for the +COI +and +ND5 +mitochondrial genes are available in the GenBank depository, including the entire mitochondrial genome for specimens of + +flavopictus + +from +South Korea +(NC_050044). Among these are +COI +, ITS1 and ITS2 sequences for + +flavopictus + +from the Palaearctic region of +Japan +, + +downsi + +from the Amami and +Okinawa +Islands and + +miyarai + +from Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands in the southern region of the Ryukyu Archipelago. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS1 and ITS2 sequences ( + +Toma +et al +. 2002 + +) produced a cladogram comprised of three distinct lineages, corresponding to the three subspecies. Despite this, because the three forms have allopatric distributions and “reproductive isolation cannot be tested, except experimentally”, Toma +et al +. were only willing to acknowledge that “the molecular genetic information we have gathered supports the current classification of the complex based on morphological data.” + + +Drawing conclusions about the status of the subspecies of + +flavopictus + +has been a problem of uncertainty. However, we believe the available data provide an alternative interpretation: The geographic isolation is analogous with reproductive isolation, the morphological data are seen as an indication of polythetic species, and the ITS1 and ITS2 sequence data support the specific status of the three forms. In light of this, we believe that +Bohart (1953) +, + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +and + +Toma +et al +. (2002) + +were very circumspect in their decision to treat the three forms as subspecies. As in the case of subspecies of + +Culex hayashii + +, + +Toxorhynchites manicatus + +and + +Uranotaenia novobscura + +treated below, we believe it is appropriate to return + +downsi + +to its original specific status and to recognize + +miyarai + +as a separate species: + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +downsi +Bohart & Ingram, 1946a + + +and + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +miyarai +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + + +. + +Aedes downsi + +and + +Ae. +miyarai + +are currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +It is important to note that + +Miyagi +& Toma (1976) + +showed that laboratory cross mating between + +flavopictus + +from +Nagasaki +, Kyushu Island (Palaearctic) and + +downsi + +from +Okinawa +Island produced hybrid offspring. However, this is meaningless as hybridization between the two forms is unlikely to occur in nature. Besides, the ability to hybridize does not invalidate the existence of separate species, which is amply supported by hybridization studies between members of species complexes, +e.g. +the Dirus Complex ( + +Walton +et al +. 2001 + +) and Gambiae Complex ( + +Besansky +et al +. 1997 + +; + +Thelwell +et al +. 2000 + +) of the genus + +Anopheles + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA010A64FF54FE19FE1A59A0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA010A64FF54FE19FE1A59A0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e3b3193e4d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA010A64FF54FE19FE1A59A0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,487 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +annandalei +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +annandalei +( +Theobald, 1910 +a) + +—original combination: + +Stegomyia annandalei + +. Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +Cambodia +, +India +, +Indonesia +, +Myanmar +, +Nepal +, +Papua New Guinea +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +quadricinctus +( +Barraud, 1923b +) + +—original combination: + +Stegomyia annandalei +var. +quadricincta + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +India +( +Barraud 1923b +). + + + + +The taxonomic history of +Ae +. + +annandalei + +involves three nominal forms: + +Stegomyia annandalei +Theobald, 1910 + +a, + +Aedes horishensis +Yamada, 1921 + +and + +Stegomyia annandalei +var. +quadricincta +Barraud, 1923b + +. + +Aedes horishensis + +, described from a single female collected at or near Horisha in present-day +Taiwan +, was recognized as a subspecies of + +annandalei + +by +Lien (1962) +. Its taxonomic status thereafter is a matter of confusion. +Mattingly (1965) +listed it as a synonym of + +annandalei + +, but also indicated that he considered it to be a variety: “I agree with Lien that the evidence no longer warrants this being treated as a distinct species. However, the apparently low incidence of this +type +of marking [slight posterior shifting of pale bands on abdominal terga IV–VI] in +Taiwan +and its simultaneous occurrence in +Indonesia +, in both cases in areas where normal markings are the rule, seems to me to render his suggestion that it should be treated as a subspecies unacceptable. Since this character reappears in the + +Ae. +scutellaris + +complex and is, therefore of particular interest, I consider that specimens showing it should be distinguished as + +var. +horishensis +Yamada. + +” Likewise, +Huang (1977) +also made conflicting statements about the status of + +horishensis + +. In the abstract of her publication, she stated that “ + +Aedes horishensis +Yamada + +is regarded as a variety of + +annandalei +Theobald + +”, whereas in her discussion of + +annandalei + +, she sided with Mattingly in noting that the posterior shifting of the abdominal bands is variable, and stated “Therefore, I consider + +horishensis +Yamada + +to be a synonym of + +annandalei + +.” Despite these contradictions, + +horishensis + +was listed as a synonym of + +annandalei + +by +Knight & Stone (1977) +, attributed to +Mattingly (1965) +, +Harbach (2018) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +, attributed to both +Mattingly (1965) +and +Huang (1977) +. + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +agreed with the synonymy. Based on the findings and actions taken by +Mattingly (1965) +, +Huang (1977) +and + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +, we agree that + +horishensis + +is probably conspecific with + +annandalei + +and should continue to be recognized as a synonymous nominal taxon. + + +Barraud (1923b) +described + +Stegomyia annandalei +var. +quadricincta + +based on “One female from Nongpoh, +Assam +, July, 1922 (Barraud).” He noted there was “another female specimen from the same place which agrees with the above [description of +quadricincta +] in the markings of the hind tarsi, but the fore and mid legs have only two rings, as in the +type +form.” This is obviously an indication that the two forms were sympatric. +Barraud (1934) +more explicitly described the distinctive tarsal banding of + +quadricinctus + +as follows: “Differs from the type-form in having basal white markings to first four tarsal segments on all legs; markings at base of segments 3 and 4 on fore and mid-legs small and not forming complete rings; complete white rings on tarsal segments 1–4 on hind legs, that on 4 occupying nearly whole segment.” + + +Concomitant with the recognition of + +Stegomyia + +as a subgenus of + +Aedes + +by +Edwards (1932a) +, the +variety described +by +Barraud (1923b) +became known as + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +annandalei +var. +quadricinctus + +, and was subsequently listed as such in the catalogs of + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +and +Knight & Stone (1977) +. +Mattingly (1965) +and +Huang (1977) +both listed + +quadricinctus + +as a synonym of + +annandalei + +without explicit mention or discussion of its taxonomic status. Mattingly, however, noted that “Var. + +quadricinctus +Barraud + +… has white rings on the first 4 tarsi [tarsomeres] of all legs. An otherwise similar +♀ +from the +type +locality had only the first 2 segments [tarsomeres] banded on the fore and mid legs. I have not seen this +type +of variation in any Indomalayan material.” Perplexingly, +Huang (1977) +vaguely (doubtfully?) indicated that the tarsi of + +annandalei + +may sometimes exhibit the condition described for + +quadricinctus + +, +i.e. +that tarsomeres 1–4 of all legs have white bands. She described the tarsi of males as having the “fore- and midtarsi with basal white band on tarsomere 1, sometimes midtarsus with a few white scales on basal area of tarsomere 2 as well; hindtarsus with basal white bands on tarsomeres 1,2; +tarsomere 3 dark +[emphasis ours]; tarsomere 4 with basal 0.67 white band to all dark…”. She noted females are essentially the same except that “Foretarsomere 2 sometimes with a few white scales on basal area; midtarsomere 2 with basal white band; hindtarsomere 4 with basal 0.83 white band; sometimes +hindtarsomere 3 +[emphasis ours] with a few white scales on basal area as well…”. + + +The tacit synonymy of + +quadricinctus + +with + +annandalei + +published by +Huang (1977) +was not published in the world catalog of the +Culicidae +of +Knight & Stone (1977) +because the cut-off date for additions to the catalog was the end of 1973, but neither was it recorded in the three subsequent catalog supplements ( +Knight 1978 +; +Ward 1984 +, +Ward 1992 +). Unaware of the synonymy by +Huang (1977) +, +Harbach & Howard (2007) +followed Knight & Stone in recognizing + +quadricinctus + +as a variety, which they deemed to be subspecific under provisions of Article 45.6.4 of the +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +. Despite knowing that the leg markings of + +annandalei + +are subject to variation ( +Barraud 1923b +; +Mattingly 1965 +; +Huang 1977 +) and recognizing that “Although it is likely that the name +quadricincta +applies to an infrasubspecific form…”, Harbach & Howard were obligated to reveal that + +quadricinctus + +“officially has subspecific rank” under provisions of the +Code +. In view of the earlier synonymy by +Huang (1977) +, the change of rank from variety to subspecies was unnecessary and unsupportable. + + +A number of different DNA sequences are available in GenBank for specimens of + +Ae. +annandalei + +from +China +and +Singapore +, but until molecular data become available for specimens of + +quadricinctus + +from its +type +locality in +India +, we must agree with +Mattingly (1965) +and +Huang (1977) +that + +quadricinctus + +is merely a morphological variant and synonym of + +Ae. +annandalei + +. To avoid any doubt, +quadricincta +is hereby formally regarded as a synonymous name: + +quadricincta +Barraud, 1923b +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +annandalei +( +Theobald, 1910 +a) + + +. Consequently, “ + +Aedes quadricinctus + +” should be removed from the list of species of + +Aedes + +included in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA040A60FF54FF38FADA5FEF.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA040A60FF54FF38FADA5FEF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6fe8d9eb9f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA040A60FF54FF38FADA5FEF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,335 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +eiseni +Coquillett + + + + + + + +subspecies + +eiseni +Coquillett, 1902a + +—original combination: + +Anopheles eiseni + +. Distribution: +Belize +, +Bolivia +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Costa Rica +, +Ecuador +, +El Salvador +, French Guiana, +Guatemala +, +Guyana +, +Honduras +, +Mexico +, +Nicaragua +, +Panama +, +Peru +, +Suriname +, +Trinidad and Tobago +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +geometricus +Corrêa, 1944 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +enseni +[ +sic +] subsp. +geometricus + +(varietal status by + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; original subspecific status re-confirmed by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Brazil +( +Corrêa 1944 +). + + + + +Coquillett (1902a) +described + +An +. +eiseni + +from a female and +two males +from Aguna [ +sic +], +Guatemala +. The female bears a type label and Coquillett’s determination label ( +Stone & Knight 1956b +). + +Belkin +et al +. (1965) + +cited the type locality as Aguná (Escintila), elevation +2,000 ft. +The most likely location is Finca Aguná. This estimation is based on the cited elevation that corresponds to one of a number of nearby places with the same name: Coordinates +14.38955 +-91.07121 +(uncertainty +3,250 m +); Municipio de +Santa Lucía +Cotzumalguapa, +Escuintla Province +, +Guatemala +( +Chapman & Wieczorek 2020 +; D. Pecor pers. comm.). + +Anopheles eiseni +sensu lato + +females have easily recognized morphological characters throughout its reported range: Hindtibia with broad apical band; apex of hindfemur with a few pale scales; costa of wing dark-scaled except for a preapical pale spot on it and vein R +1 +; sector pale spot only on R +1 +; apical fringe spot present; scutum with broad pruinose silvery gray central area; proboscis dark; palpomere 5 pale with small dorsal dark spot, palpomere 4 dark laterally, palpomere 3 with narrow apical pale band. There is a wide variety of depictions of wing characters in + +eiseni +sensu lato + +: Sector pale present on costa ( +Lane 1953 +); + +eiseni +sensu stricto + +with fringe spots at apices of veins R +2 +, R +3 +and R +4+5 +, but + +eiseni +geometricus + +without the R +2 +fringe spot ( + +Sallum +et al +. 2020 + +); with pale fringe at apices of all veins and in addition a basal pale fringe spot ( +Pelaez 1945 +). Recent observations and photographs of the wing of the +holotype +female (by D. Pecor) show only preapical pale and sector pale spots as described above, no pale fringe spots. These examples could indicate the presence of a species complex. + + +Subspecies + +geometricus + +was described for specimens from Guarujá, Ilha de Santo Amaro, +São Paulo +, +Brazil +. +Corrêa (1944) +based his description on previously illustrated observations ( +Corrêa 1942 +), which were made in comparison to specimens of + +An +. +eiseni + +from +Mexico +. He noted that the +São Paulo +“geographical race” was different from specimens from the +Guatemala +type +locality and +Mexico +. The Guarujá population ( + +eiseni +geometricus + +) was abundant in larval habitats but absent from animal-bait captures and light traps, in contrast to +Guatemala +, where adults are very easy to find. The primary difference between the two was the morphology of the egg. The egg of + +geometricus + +from Guarujá exhibits lozenge-shaped (diamond) features on the outer chorion (thus the name + +geometricus + +), while in +Mexico +(see also +Vargas 1942 +) the outer chorion is smooth with some granular formations at both ends. We assume that the Mexican and Guatemalan specimens are conspecific. Given the great geographical distance between the populations, apparent behavioral differences and distinctive egg features we conclude that + +geometricus + +should be afforded species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +geometricus +Corrêa, 1944 + + +. + +Anopheles geometricus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Anopheles eiseni + +has a single synonym, + +An. niveopalpis +Ludlow, 1919 + +( +type +locality: Comacho Reservoir, Empire, Canal Zone, +Panama +). Until proven otherwise, + +niveopalpis + +should remain a synonym of + +An. eiseni + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA040A6EFF54F994FB505E96.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA040A6EFF54F994FB505E96.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d5358ebe695 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA040A6EFF54F994FB505E96.xml @@ -0,0 +1,608 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +gigas +Giles + + + + + + + +subspecies + +crockeri +Colless, 1955 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles gigas +ssp. +crockeri + +. Distribution: +Sabah +, +Malaysia +[Saung-Saung, Sunsuran Trace, +North Borneo +] ( +Colless 1955 +). + + +subspecies + +danaubento +Mochtar & Walandouw, 1934 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles gigas +var. +danaubento + +. Distribution: +Sumatra +( +Mochtar & Walandouw 1934 +). + + +subspecies + +formosus +Ludlow, 1909a + +—original combination: + +Anopheles formosus + +. Distribution: +Indonesia +, +Philippines +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +gigas +Giles, 1901b + +—original combination: + +Anopheles gigas + +. Distribution: +India +(records from other countries listed in + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +either apply to the other subspecies, are doubtful or require verification). + + +subspecies +oedjalikalah +Nainggolan, 1939 +—original combination: + +Anopheles gigas +var. +oedjalikalah + +[as Oedjali Kalah]. Distribution: +Sumatra +( +Nainggolan 1939 +). + + +subspecies +pantjarbatu +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1954 +—original combination: + +Anopheles gigas +var. +pantjarbatu + +. Distribution: Sumatra ( +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen 1954 +). + + +subspecies + +refutans +Alcock, 1913 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles gigas +var. +refutans + +. Distribution: +Sri Lanka +( +Alcock +1913). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies, from +India +, is a member of the Gigas Complex, +Gigas Subgroup +of the Lindesayi Group. A coordinate grouping, the Baileyi Complex ( + +Somboon +et al. +2020b + +; + +Namgay +et al. +2020 + +), is also included in the + +Gigas Subgroup. +Knight & Stone (1977) + +treated all of what is now the Baileyi Complex ( + +An. baileyi +Edwards, 1929b + +; + +An. simlensis +James, 1911 + +) (in +James & Liston 1911 +) plus the Gigas Complex (the above plus + +An. sumatranus +Swellengrebel & Rodenwaldt, 1932 + +) as varieties of the nominotypical subspecies. Another species of the Gigas Complex, + +An. prachongae +Rattanarithikul & Harrison, 2017 + +(in Harbach +et al +. 2017), was described subsequently. Species of the Gigas Complex are large mosquitoes found at higher elevations (≥ +1,000 m +) in mountainous areas of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australasian Regions. It is generally accepted that changes in climate can isolate populations on mountain refugia, which then lead to fragmented distributions of related species (reviewed by Harbach +et al +. 2017), as appears to be the pattern here. + + +The nominotypical subspecies occurs in southwestern +India +( +type +locality: Conoor ( +2,000 m +), Nilgiri Hills, Madras, +India +). None of the other subspecies has been found in +India +. Subspecies + +crockeri + +is the only member of the complex found in Borneo ( +type +locality: Saung-Saung, Sunsuran [Sunsuron?] Trace, northern Borneo). Characters to separate it from the other subspecies have been discussed and illustrated by +Colless (1955) +, +Reid (1968) +and Harbach +et al +. (2017). The last authors also questioned its subspecific status. It is characterized as follows. Female: Maxillary palpus dark at apex; costa of wing without preapical pale spot (only present on costa in + +An +. +simlensis + +), fringe spots present at apices of veins R +4+5 +and M +3+4 +and between veins CuA and 1A, fringe spot absent between apices of M +3+4 +and CuA (only present in + +An +. +sumatranus + +). Larva: Seta 2-C long, longer than 0.5 length of head; 3-C long, about 0.67 length of 2-C, with 2,3 basal branches; 4-C stout, single or branched at apex. Given the allopatric distribution in comparison to the other subspecies, and its distinctive morphological characters, it is likely that + +crockeri + +is genetically distinct and should therefore be afforded specific status: + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) + +crockeri +Colless, 1955 + + +. + +Anopheles crockeri + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Subspecies + +formosus + +is the only member of the complex described from the +Philippines +( +type +locality: Camp John Hay, +Benguet +, +Philippines +). Characters separating it from other subspecies of the complex are listed in Harbach +et al +. (2017). +King (1931) +described and illustrated distinguishing characters, a few of which are given here, as follow. Female: Maxillary palpus pale apically; wing without fringe spots except for one between the tips of veins CuA and 1A; preapical pale spot present on costa and veins R +1 +and R +2 +. Larva: Seta 2-C usually single; 3-C 0.5 or more length of 2-C, with 2–6 branches; 4-C nearly as long as 3-C, with 3–8 basal branches. Given the allopatric distribution in comparison to the other subspecies, and its distinctive morphological characters, it is likely that + +formosus + +is genetically distinct and should therefore be afforded specific status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +formosus +Ludlow, 1909a + + +. + +Anopheles formosus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Subspecies + +refutans + +is the only member of the complex described from +Sri Lanka +. The maxillary palpus of the female has three or four narrow white bands, one usually terminal ( +Alcock 1913 +). The wing fringe is all dark except for a pale spot between the tips of veins CuA and 1A ( +Christophers 1933 +). Christophers also noted a small pale spot dorsally on the midfemur, as in + +simlensis + +, which is not noted in Harbach +et al +. (2017). Additional study, especially of the probable +types +in the Natural History Museum, London ( +Townsend 1990 +), and the larval stage, are needed to better characterize this taxon. However, we think that its allopatric distribution in comparison to the other subspecies, the characters of the maxillary palpus and wing fringe, along with the dorsal spot on the midfemur (which needs to be verified) indicate that + +refutans + +is probably genetically distinct and should therefore be afforded species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +refutans +Alcock, 1913 + + +. + +Anopheles refutans + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +There are four nominal members of the Gigas Complex in +Sumatra +. One, + +An +. +sumatranus + +, was elevated to species status by Harbach +et al +. (2017). Subspecies + +danaubento + +and +oedjalikalah +were both described from near Mt Kerintji. The +type +locality of subspecies + +danaubento + +is +Lake Danau +Bento [danau = lake, bento = a kind of grass] in North Kerintji in Central +Sumatra +. Verbatim coordinates of +1° 40′ S +, +101° 16′ E +are very close to the gazetteer entry for +Danau +Gunung Labuh (coordinates: +-1.7381 +, +101.2673 +) and match the text description, “ +Lake +Bento lies at about +1400 m +on the Southern Slope of Mt. Kerintji on the borders of Djambi and +Sumatera Barat +Provinces” ( +Kitzmiller 1982 +; D. Pecor pers. comm.). The +type +locality of subspecies +oedjalikalah +has verbatim coordinates of +1° 42′ S +, +101° 16′ E +. Oedjali Kalah is an old Kerintji word, which means Land of the Gods; situated on the southern slopes of Mt Kerentji, it was the source area of the Soengei Sioelak +Deras +. The elevation at this location is +1,451 m +, which matches the locality description of + +1,400 +–1,800 +m + +(coordinates +-2.13333 +, +101.38333 +) ( +Kitzmiller 1982 +; D. Pecor pers. comm.). Subspecies + +danaubento + +and +oedjalikalah +apparently have sympatric distributions and there are no obvious diagnostic characters that distinguish them, though a minor character given by +Nainggolan (1939) +, the apex of vein CuP dark-scaled in +oedjalikalah +rather than narrowly pale-scaled as in + +danaubento + +. + + +The third subspecies of the Gigas Complex in +Sumatra +is +pantjarbatu +, which was collected as larvae from undisclosed localities. Characters to distinguish it from the previous two nominal forms are weak and overlapping. The following table ( +Table 5 +) is derived from the tabular comparison of a few larval characters for these three Sumatran forms provided by +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1954) +. + + + +TABLE 5 +. Comparison of larval characters for the three Sumantran subspecies of + +Anopheles gigas + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Character + + +danaubento + + +oedjalikalah + +pantjarbatu +
Seta 4-C length / seta 3-C length~ 0.50.50.5–0.67
Seta 4-C distance to seta 3-CNot so distantDistantDistant
Seta 4-C, branches3,4 branches near tipSingle, simple or with a few barbsSingle or 2-branched
Seta 1-P, branches8–10 with very thin main stem7–9 with very thin main stem7–9 with very thin main stem
+ + +Given the probability that the three nominal forms are sympatric and there are no diagnostic characters to separate them, we conclude that they are conspecific and that allopatry and key morphological characters indicate the species is distinct from other members of the Gigas Complex. Therefore, subspecies + +danaubento + +is afforded specific status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +danaubento +Mochtar & Walandouw, 1934 + + +, and +oedjalikalah +and +pantjarbatu +are hereby recognized as synonyms of that species: + +oedjalikalah +Nainggolan, 1939 +and +pantjarbatu +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1954 +, junior subjective synonyms of + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +danaubento +Mochtar & Walandouw, 1934 + + +. + +Anopheles danaubento + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. Subspecies +oedjalikalah +Nainggolan, 1939 +and +pantjarbatu +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1954 +, which are currently listed as species therein, need to be removed from the list of recognized species of the genus + +Anopheles + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA050A61FF54FC7DFF615DA6.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA050A61FF54FC7DFF615DA6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e795aeb473 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA050A61FF54FC7DFF615DA6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +bancroftii +Giles + + + + + + + +subspecies + +bancroftii +Giles, 1902 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles bancroftii + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Papua New Guinea +, including the Admiralty Islands in the +Bismarck Archipelago +(Lee +et al +. 1987). + + +subspecies + +barbiventris +Brug, 1938 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles bancrofti +[ +sic +] var. +barbiventris + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Indonesia +, +Sulawesi +(Lee +et al +. 1987). + + + + +Giles (1902) +described + +Anopheles bancroftii + +, a widely distributed species in +Australia +(Lee +et al +. 1987), based on specimens from Burpengary, +Queensland +. Misidentification of + +An. pseudobarbirostris +Ludlow, 1902 + +as + +An. bancroftii + +has resulted in erroneous listings of + +bancroftii + +in the +Philippines +, Sulawesi (Celebes) and +Sri Lanka +(Lee +et al +. 1987). + + +Subspecies + +barbiventris + +was described from specimens collected in +Kalawara, Palou, Gumbasa, Sigi Regency +, +Central Sulawesi +, +Indonesia +(Gazetteer: GoeNames; Kalawara; populated place; coordinates: +-1.1808 +, +119.9385 +; D. Pecor pers. comm.). In the description, it was compared to + +An. bancrofti + + +[ +sic +] var. +pseudobarbirostris + +(now a separate species), + +An. tessellatus +Theobald, 1901a + +and + +An. vagus + +D̂nitz, 1902. +Foote & Cook (1959) +listed + +barbiventris + +as being from “Australasia”, which includes many countries, but it’s only known occurrence is in +Sulawesi +( +Celebes +). +Harbach & Howard (2007) +recognized + +barbiventris + +as a subspecies of + +An. bancroftii + +per Article 45.6.4 of the +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +and suggested that it was probably a distinct species. +Reid (1962) +, commenting on the + +bancroftii + +group, noted discrepancies in existing descriptions: “ + +A. bancroftii +var. +barbiventris + +from +Celebes +seems to merit specific rank; in addition to the striking tufts of black and white scales on the abdominal sternites [sterna], the large leaflets on the phallosome [aedeagus] appear to be longer than those of + +bancroftii + +and + +pseudobarbirostris + +and have fine teeth [serration]; doubtless there are other differences.” Herein, in addition to evidence of allopatry, we agree with +Reid (1962) +and +Harbach & Howard (2007) +that + +barbiventris + +should be afforded species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +barbiventris +Brug, 1938 + + +. + +Anopheles barbiventris + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Note +. A species complex is suggested by a molecular and morphological study ( + +Beebe +et al +. 2002 + +; + +Beebe +et al +. 2013 + +) demonstrating the probability of four + +bancroftii + +-related sibling species in northern +Australia +and +Papua New Guinea +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA060A61FF54FCC9FBEF5984.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA060A61FF54FCC9FBEF5984.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a4a530b19f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA060A61FF54FCC9FBEF5984.xml @@ -0,0 +1,478 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +gardnerii +(Ludlow) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +gardnerii +( +Ludlow, 1905 +) + +—original combination: + +Stegomyia gardnerii + +. Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +Cambodia +, +Indonesia +, +Malaysia +, +Philippines +, +Singapore +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +imitator +( +Leicester, 1908 +) + +—original combination: + +Stegomyia imitator + +(subspecific status by +Mattingly 1965 +). Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +Cambodia +, +India +, +Malaysia +, +Nepal +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Ludlow (1905) +described the female and male of + +Stegomyia gardnerii + +from specimens captured on the Philippine Island of Mindoro (Bulacao), but she also examined specimens from Luzon Island (Angeles, Pampanga).A +lectotype +male was designated by +Knight & Hull (1952) +, who described the adults in more detail, described the fourth-instar larva and illustrated the male genitalia. +Leicester (1908) +described + +Stegomyia imitator + +from +two females +captured in jungle near +Kuala Lumpur +, +Malaysia +. One of the females was selected as the +lectotype +by +Mattingly (1965) +. Mattingly described and compared the adults (both sexes), pupa and fourth-instar larva of + +gardnerii +sensu stricto + +and subspecies + +imitator + +, and illustrated the scutal scale-pattern and hindleg of both, the midfemur and entire pupa of + +imitator + +, the head and terminal abdominal segments of the larva of the type form, and the male genitalia of + +imitator + +. +Huang (1977) +provided more detailed descriptions of the male, female, pupa and larva, and illustrated the scutal and pleural scaling of both subspecies. For + +gardnerii +sensu stricto + +, she also illustrated the maxillary palpus and genitalia of the female, the midfemur, male genitalia, entire pupa and entire larva. It is worth noting that in available identification keys ( +Mattingly 1965 +; +Huang 1977 +, +1979 +), the two subspecies are only distinguishable as adults based on the pattern of the scutal scaling. The scutum of the nominate form bears a pair of longitudinal, midlateral stripes of white scales that extend from the anterior margin to the antealar area. The stripes are absent in subspecies + +imitator + +, which bears a large patch of white scales on the anterior margin that may be divided medially into two anterolateral patches. The two forms are included but are not distinguished in keys for the male genitalia, pupae and larvae. + + +Huang (1977) +seems to have contradicted herself, by saying on the one hand that “Although + +imitator +( +Leicester +) + +can easily be distinguished from that of + +gardnerii +(Ludlow) + +by the scutal markings”, and on the other that “this adult external morphological character (the scutal markings) seems to be geographically variable.” We believe she intended to say that due to variation in the scutal pattern of + +imitator + +, “I have here followed +Mattingly (1965) +in considering + +imitator + +as a sub-species of + +gardnerii + +.” + + + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +mistakenly combined the country records for + +imitator + +with those of + +gardnerii + +. In the case of + +gardnerii + +, the records for +Bangladesh +, +Cambodia +, +China +, +Malaysia +, +Singapore +, +Thailand +and +Vietnam +apply to subspecies + +imitator + +, based on the records of +Mattingly (1965) +, + +Matsuo +et al +. (1974 + +, Taiwan), +Huang (1977) +, +Darsie & Pradhan (1990 +, +Nepal +), + +Lu +et al +. (1997 + +, +China +), + +Jeffery +et al +. (2010 + +, +Singapore +), + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. (2010 + +, +Thailand +), + +Irish +et al +. (2016 + +, +Bangladesh +), +Bui & Darsie (2008 +, +Vietnam +) and + +Maquart +et al +. (2021 + +, +Cambodia +). As indicated by +Huang (1977) +, the nominate subspecies “is apparently confined to the Eastern part of Indomalayan area… presently known from the +Philippines +, +Sabah +[ +Malaysia +], Sulawesi and Alor Island.” + + +Two partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( +COI +) gene are registered in GenBank for +Ae. + +gardnerii +:Accession MW + +321943 (667 bp), + +Ae. +gardnerii + +from +Singapore +( + +Yeo +et al +. 2021 + +) and accession MK654753 (661 bp), + +Ae. +gardnerii +imitator + +from +Thailand +(P. Somboon). A BLAST search revealed that the two sequences are identical. Obviously, the sequence from +Singapore +is derived from a specimen of subspecies + +imitator + +, which concurs with the recorded occurrence of this form in the island country (Jeffrey +et al +. 2010). + + +Although the male genitalia, larva and pupa of + +gardnerii +sensu stricto + +and subspecies + +imitator + +may be indistinguishable, the fact they exhibit distinct and constant differences in the pattern of white scales on the scutum and have separate distributions is a clear indication that they are probably separate species. We believe this is likely to be proven when +COI +sequences become available for the nominate form. Therefore, it seems prudent to formally reinstate + +imitator + +to its original specific status: + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +imitator +( + +Leicester +, 1908 + +) + + +. + +Aedes imitator + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Four nominal species originally described as species of + +Stegomyia +Theobald, 1901 + +(in +Howard 1901 +) are regarded as synonyms of + +Ae. +imitator + +: +argenteomaculata +Theobald, 1907 +(Narcondam Island; synonymy by +Huang 1977 +); +christianus +Dyar, 1921b +( +China +; synonymy by +Mattingly 1965 +); +minutissima +Theobald, 1910 +a ( +India +; synonymy by +Huang 1977 +); and +indosinensis +Borel, 1928 +(Indochina; synonymy by +Huang 1977 +). These nominal species should remain in synonymy with + +Ae. +imitator + +; however, it is possible that +argenteomaculata +could be a distinct species because it is described from a remote island outside the continental range of + +Ae. +imitator + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA080A6BFF54F9D1FC7A5E36.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA080A6BFF54F9D1FC7A5E36.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..36602888043 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA080A6BFF54F9D1FC7A5E36.xml @@ -0,0 +1,289 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +sensu lato + +in +Ecuador +and +Colombia + + + + + + +Two varieties of + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + +were described from +Ecuador +by Leví Castillo, both currently subspecies of + +pseudopunctipennis + +. + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis levicastilloi +Levi Castillo, 1944 + +, +type +locality: +Guayas Province +, and + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis rivadeneirai +Leví Castillo, 1945 + +, +type +locality: Cited as having been found in the provinces of +Carchi +, +Imbabura +, +Pichincha +, +Cotopaxi +, +Tungurahua +, +Chimborazo +, +Cañar +, +Azuay +and +Loja +. An adequately detailed map of collection records for the two varieties is in +Leví Castillo (1945) +. The following is a brief summary [paraphrased translation of selected text from Spanish] from that publication. + + +In +Ecuador +, there are two varieties in +the Pseudopunctipennis +Complex, completely different from each other; one coastal, + +An. pseudopunctipennis +var. +levicastilloi + +, and one montane, + +An. pseudopunctipennis +var. +rivadeneirai + +. The former is relatively small, wing length about +4 mm +, the latter is the largest anopheline in +Ecuador +, wing length about +5 mm +. The eggs of the two varieties are the best way to recognize them. Coastal + +levicastilloi + +eggs are more characteristic [of the genus + +Anopheles + +], boat-shaped with floats that give the appearance of a wasp nest [no collar is mentioned or apparent in the illustration]. The montane + +rivadeneirai + +egg is boat-shaped with the appearance of a grain of wheat, dorsocentrally concave with rounded ends, but lacks floats. Instead of floats there are many vacuoles filled with an unknown substance. Female. Wing vein R + +2 +in + + +levicastilloi + +has a median pale spot, in + +rivadeneirai + +vein R +2 +is completely dark. Coastal + +levicastilloi + +is not involved in malaria transmission while the montane + +rivadeneirai + +is the principal vector of malaria in the warm valleys of the Ecuadorian Andes. + + +This distinction of lowland and highland Ecuadorian subspecies (as varieties) was also noted by +Pinault & Hunter (2011) +, who collected + +Anopheles + +extensively in both ecological/altitudinal areas. They found + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + + +sensu lato + +in both lowland and montane areas but did not recognize or mention the two varieties of Leví Castillo. They described, however, finding + +pseudopunctipennis + +at very different altitudes and in different climates. + + +In a comprehensive study of + +Anopheles + +in western +Colombia +using +COI +barcode sequence, this lowlandhighland distribution of + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu lato + +was also reported by + +Ahumada +et al +. (2016) + +. They found highly supported groups representing northwestern and southern Pacific coastal populations, but only referred to them as “s.l.” and did not compare their sequences with sequences from the +type +locality of + +An. pseudopunctipennis + +in +Granada +. + + +We believe that Leví Castillo clearly described two species that differ from + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +, and each other, both geographically and morphologically. Furthermore, we think that +Pinault & Hunter (2011) +and + +Ahumada +et al +. (2016) + +studied these same species in +Ecuador +and +Colombia +. Accordingly, we elevate both to species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +levicastilloi +Levi-Castillo, 1944 + + +and + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +rivadeneirai +Levi-Castillo, 1945 + + +. Further studies are needed to clarify their overall distributions. + +Anopheles levicastilloi + +and + +An. rivadeneirai + +are both currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA080A6CFF54FE51FCD95C28.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA080A6CFF54FE51FCD95C28.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..790b6c1efe2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA080A6CFF54FE51FCD95C28.xml @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +sensu lato + +in +Argentina + + + + + + +Three taxa of +the Pseudopunctipennis +Complex have been described from +Argentina +: + +Proterorhynchus argentinus +Brèthes, 1912 + +(currently a junior synonym of + +pseudopunctipennis + +), +type +locality: +Tucumán +( + +Belkin +et al +. 1968 + +[list of “ +type +locality” sites repeated in the literature refers only to where Brèthes thought this species transmitted malaria]); + +Anopheles tucumanus +Lahille, 1912 + +(currently a junior synonym of + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + +), +type +locality: Banks of the Rio Salí, +Tucumán +and +Santiago del Estero +Provinces; and + +Anopheles patersoni +Alvarado & Heredia, 1947 + +(currently a subspecies of + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + +), +type +locality: +Tucumán +. + + + +Dantur Juri +et al +. (2014) + +, in a population genetics study using the cytochrome oxidase I ( +COI +) gene, sampled 12 localities, that included the above +type +localities, in the Yungas ecological region in northwestern +Argentina +. The Yungas is a highland zone on the eastern slope of the Andes Mountains, which has a rainy, humid and warm climate (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yungas, accessed +4 June 2021 +). Similar Yungas regions also occur in +Bolivia +and +Peru +, suggesting potential additional habitat for the species discussed below. Dantur Juri +et al +. stated: “The demographic pattern [of +COI +haplotypes] suggests that + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + +has undergone a single colonization process, and the ancestral haplotype is shared by specimens from all localities, indicating mitochondrial gene flow. Genetic differentiation was minimal, observed only between one northern and one southern locality.” Since no other related species have been recorded in this area, we conclude that the above three names represent the same species. Extensive geographic distance, egg morphology and different habitat ecologies all enforce our opinion that the Argentinian taxon is genetically distinct from + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + + +sensu stricto + +found on +Granada +(see above under + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +). Subspecies + +patersoni + +(as a + +pseudopunctipennis + +variety) was named based on egg characters in comparison to “typicus”, + +i.e. +pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +and + +An +. +franciscanus + +and two of its synonyms, + +An +. +boydi +Vargas, 1939 + +and + +An +. +willardi +Vargas, 1941 + +. The two current synonyms of + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + +, + +argentinus +Brèthes, 1912 + +and + +tucumanus +Lahille, 1912 + +, both have priority over + +patersoni + +, with publication dates of 27 July and 4 October, respectively, thus making + +argentinus +Brèthes + +the senior synonym, not + +patersoni + +. Accordingly, + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +argentinus +( +Brèthes, 1912 +) + + +is retrieved from synonymy with + +pseudopunctipennis + +, + +patersoni + +is made a junior synonym of + +argentinus + +and + +tucumanus + +is changed from a junior synonym of + +pseudopunctipennis + +to a junior synonym of + +argentinus + +: + + +patersoni +Alvarado & Heredia, 1947 + +and + +tucumanus +Lahille, 1912 + +, junior subjective synonyms of + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +argentinus +( +Brèthes, 1912 +) + + +. Consequently, “ + +Anopheles patersoni + +” should be removed from the list of + +Anopheles + +recorded in the Encyclopedia of Life, and + +Anopheles argentinus + +should be added to the list. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA090A6CFF54F9AAFB295BA8.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA090A6CFF54F9AAFB295BA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b8a59eebe42 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA090A6CFF54F9AAFB295BA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + + + + + + +The nominotypical species of +the Pseudopunctipennis +Complex was redescribed, illustrated (except for the egg) and a +neotype +designated using specimens from the type locality, Granada ( + +Rueda +et al +. 2004 + +). There are two publications of note that distinguish + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +from other members of the complex. + +Manguin +et al +. (1995) + +, in an isoenzyme study, sampled across the entire range of + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu lato + +, identified three groups/clusters: 1) Granada, 2) +USA +, +Mexico +and +Guatemala +, and 3) +Argentina +to +Belize +. They judged that the three groups represented a single species. We agree that their method did not provide the resolution needed to separate all of the species in this complex but we think their results clearly separate the populations at the type locality as a distinct species. In addition, crossing experiments between specimens from +Mexico +, the +USA +and Granada ( + +Coetzee +et al +. 1999 + +) produced non-viable offspring and extensive asynapsis of polytene chromosomes. Coetzee +et al +. treated their results as evidence of a species complex. We are confident that the results of these two studies, along with adequate distances for genetic isolation, are sufficient to distinguish + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +from all other taxa discussed below. The distribution of + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + + +sensu stricto + +is not clear. It was reported by +van der Kuyp (1953) +from +Curaçao +, Margarita [now Venezuelan territory] and +Aruba +. + +Shannon +et al +. (1927) + +wrote that +Puerto España +, +Trinidad +was probably the eastern-most limit of this species. There are extensive records for + +An. pseudopunctipennis + +in +Venezuela +( +Gabaldon & Cova-Garcia 1946 +; Sutil O. 1980). We assume these are conspecific with the Granada population, but this has not been verified. The occurrence of + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +in adjoining +Colombia +should also be considered. Taking into account the evidence/inferences of the validity and distributions of other related species in the complex summarized below, we think the distribution of + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +should be changed from the currently listed countries that represent all the species in the complex, found in many publications, to that shown above. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA090A6DFF54FF38FB7E5FB1.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA090A6DFF54FF38FB7E5FB1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d10be72934 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA090A6DFF54FF38FB7E5FB1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,316 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +pseudopunctipennis +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +levicastilloi +Levi Castillo, 1944 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +var. +levicastilloi + +(subspecific status by +Leví Castillo 1945 +). Distribution: +Ecuador +( +Levi Castillo 1944 +). + + +subspecies + +neghmei +Mann, 1950 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +ssp. +neghmei + +. Distribution: +Chile +( +Mann 1950 +). + + +subspecies + +noei +Mann, 1950 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +ssp. +noei + +. Distribution: +Chile +( +Mann 1950 +). + + +subspecies + +patersoni +Alvarado & Heredia, 1947 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +pseudopunctipennis +var. +patersoni + +(subspecific status by +Lane 1953 +). Distribution: +Argentina +( +Alvarado & Heredia 1947 +). + + +subspecies + +pseudopunctipennis +Theobald, 1901c + +—original combination: + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis + +. Distribution: +Aruba +, +Curaçao +, +Granada +, Margarita Island ( +Venezuela +), +Trinidad and Tobago +(historical), +Venezuela +[to be verified] (revised here). + + +subspecies + +rivadeneirai +Leví Castillo, 1945 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +pseudopunctipennis +var. +rivadeneirai + +(subspecific status by +Lane 1953 +). Distribution: +Ecuador +( +Leví Castillo 1945 +). + + +syn. + +argentinus +Brèthes, 1912 + +—original combination: + +Proterorhynchus argentinus + +. + + +syn. + +peruvianus +Tamayo, 1907 + +(in +Tamayo & García 1907 +)—original combination: + +Anopheles peruvianus + +. + + +syn. + +tucumanus +Lahille, 1912 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles tucumanus + +. + + + + +Overview +. + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +sensu lato + +(herein +the Pseudopunctipennis +Complex)has a wide distribution from the southern +United States +to northern +Argentina +and +Chile +. In some localities it is an important malaria vector, in others it is seldom attracted to humans ( +Rozeboom 1941 +). This complex belongs to +the Pseudopunctipennis +Group, which also includes + +An. chiriquiensis +Komp, 1936 + +, + +An. eiseni +Coquillett, 1902a + +, + +An. franciscanus +McCracken, 1904 + +, + +An. geometricus +Corrêa, 1944 + +, + +An. hectoris +Giaquinto Mira, 1931 + +and + +An. parapunctipennis +Martini, 1932 + +( +Reid & Knight 1961 +). +The Pseudopunctipennis +Complex (as + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + +) has been diagnosed throughout its range in keys and descriptions using the following characters. Female: Maxillary palpus with narrow pale bands at articulations, palpomere 5 pale; scutum with broad silvery gray central area; legs mostly dark and unmarked; costa of wing dark except for subcostal pale and apical pale spots (according to +Wilkerson & Peyton 1990 +), vein R +1 +pale except at presector dark, sector dark and subapical dark spots, sector pale spot present at radial crossvein (r +1 +-r +s +), vein Cu pale with postbasal and preapical dark spots, vein 1A pale basally, dark apically except for pale apex, and all posterior veins terminating at pale fringe spots. Male: Aedeagus with 1–3 pairs of small curved serrate leaflets. Larva: Seta 3-C single; 9-M,T about 2 times length of seta 10-M,T; 6-IV,V prominent, plumose; 2-IV single; median plate of spiracular apparatus with a pair of distinctive posterior-directed projections. Egg: Characters vary but an egg with the collar separate from the floats is the character state most cited and illustrated. Currently, not including the nominotypical subspecies, the complex includes five subspecies and three synonyms. We use literature-based morphological, ecological, geographic, cytological and genetic evidence to propose elevation of four subspecies and two synonyms to specific status, and synonymy of one subspecies.We transfer one elevated synonym to +nomen dubium +because of the lack of a primary +type +, or any other specimens for study, and a contradictory original description. Two junior synonyms remain associated with one of the elevated synonyms. No subspecies are retained. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0A0A6EFF54FB4BFA995DBF.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0A0A6EFF54FB4BFA995DBF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bcec1e202a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0A0A6EFF54FB4BFA995DBF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,199 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +parapunctipennis +Martini + + + + + + + +subspecies +guatemalensis + +de +León +, 1938 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +chiriquiensis +var. +guatemalensis + +(subspecific status by Wilkerson 1990). Distribution: +Guatemala +(Wilkerson 1990). + + +subspecies + +parapunctipennis +Martini, 1932 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles parapunctipennis + +. Distribution: +Guatemala +, +Mexico +(Wilkerson 1990). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies belongs to +the Pseudopunctipennis +Group ( +Reid & Knight 1961 +). Most members of the group are large, high elevation species which share a number of distinctive morphological characters (see the treatment of + +An. pseudopunctipennis +Theobald + +below). Wilkerson (1990) established that a synonym of + +An +. +parapunctipennis + +, +i.e. + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +chiriquiensis +Komp, 1936 + +, was a valid species. However, he left +guatemalensis +as a subspecies of + +parapunctipennis + +and stated that a single character in the female (but not the male) separated it from the nominotypical species: Vein R +1 +dark at the subcostal pale spot, pale in + +parapunctipennis + +. The +type +locality of the nominotypical subspecies is San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas Mexico (coordinates: +16.73176 +, +-92.64126 +) and the +type +locality of subspecies +guatemalensis +is Cumbre del Aire, Department of +Totonicapán +, +Guatemala +(coordinates: +15.11667 +, +-91.56667 +). The two localities are only +213 km +apart in the same mountain range (coordinates and distance: D. Pecor pers. comm.). Given there is insufficient morphological indication that these nominal forms are genetically distinct, and that the +type +localities are geographically close enough to assume sympatry, we hereby recognize +guatemalensis +as a synonymous name: + +guatemalensis +de León, 1938 +, junior subjective synonym of + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +parapunctipennis +Martini, 1932 + + +. The nominal +guatemalensis +, which is listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, must be removed from the list of valid species of + +Anopheles + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0C0A15FF54FBCDFE3F58F4.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0C0A15FF54FBCDFE3F58F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0107dc8c1cb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0C0A15FF54FBCDFE3F58F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,724 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +garnhami +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +basilewskyi +Leleup, 1957 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles garnhami +sbsp. +basilewskyi + +. Distribution: +Tanzania +(Mount Meru) ( +Leleup 1957 +). + + +Subspecies + +garnhami +Edwards, 1930 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles garnhami + +. Distribution: +Burundi +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +(eastern), +Eritrea +, +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Lesotho +, +Malawi +, +Mozambique +, +Rwanda +, +Somalia +, +South Africa +, +South Sudan +(southeastern), +Tanzania +, +Uganda +, +Zimbabwe +(derived from +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +, fig. 52; +Somalia +from + +Irish +et al +. 2020 + +). + + + + + +Edwards (1930) +described the nominotypical subspecies based on specimens from +Kenya +: +Kericho +, + +6,000 ft. + +(2♂♂, + +3 +♀♀ + +) + +; + +Saiwa +( + +1 +♀ + +) + +; + +Londiani +, +Kenya +, + +7,500 ft. + +( + +1 +♀ + +) + +; + +Uasin Gishu +, + +6,000 ft. + +( + +11 +♀♀ + +) + +; locality not specified (3♂♂, + +3 +♀♀ + +), + +and additionally from +Karambo +, + +6,000 ft. + +( + +1 +♀ + +) + +, + +a village in +Rwanda +. +Townsend (1990) +found 22 of the above +25 specimens +in the +Natural History Museum +, +London +, and referred to them as “ +syntypes +”. + +Edwards +, however, clearly referred to the specimens from +Kericho +as including the type specimens, but did not state what sort of specimens, which leaves designation of a +lectotype +, if needed, for the future. + + +As a basis for comparison to the forms treated here, we quote portions of Edwards’s (1930) original description of + +garnhami + +based on the specimens from the localities listed above. All are from highland locations in the general vicinity of + +Lake +Victoria + +. + + +♀ +. +Head +with the usual [?] dense upright scales, pale yellowish in middle, black at sides; frontal tuft long and pure white.... Palpi... [with] scales on first segment shaggy; a very narrow white ring at tip of first segment [palpomere], a somewhat broader one embracing tip of second and base of third, tip of third and whole of fourth white; third and fourth segments [palpomeres] together about equalling third in length, fourth short, scarcely more than one-third as long as third [ +i.e +. maxillary palpus with three white rings]…. + + +Thorax +as seen from above greyish in middle (for about one-third of its width), sides of mesonotum [scutum] very broadly dark brown, but extreme margins again narrowly grey; a small dark brown area immediately in front of scutellum in middle. Median greyish area of mesonotum densely covered with narrow scales (about 6–8 times as long as broad), mostly creamy-white in colour.... + + +Abdomen +brownish above, lateral and posterior margins of tergites [terga] dark brown; sternites [sterna] with large and rather conspicuous whitish-grey basal lateral patches. No scales; hairs [setae] pale. + + +Legs +blackish; coxae and trochanters pale; tips of femora and tibiae and of first two or three tarsal segments [tarsomeres] of all legs very narrowly creamy-white. + + +Wings.... +Costa +mainly black, with three or four yellowish spots; first very small (sometimes scarcely distinguishable), placed just before base of cubital fork [sector pale and accessory sector pale spots joined on costa (C), subcosta (Sc) and vein R +1 +]; second larger and always distinct, above stem of radial fork [subcostal pale spot on C, Sc and R +1 +]; third small (often absent), above middle of radial fork [preapical pale spot on C and R +1 +]; fourth small, close to tip [apical pale spot at ends of veins R +1 +and R +2 +]. First vein [R] pale at base, and with three pale yellowish spots corresponding with those on costa, otherwise black. Radial fork [veins R +2 +and R +3 +] mainly black. Third vein [R +4+5 +] pale except narrowly at base and tip. No dark area on fifth vein [CuA] at base of fork [mcu]. Sixth vein [1A] with three dark areas, basal one short (sometimes absent). Small fringe-spots present opposite tips of all veins except sixth [pale fringe spot also illustrated at the middle of cell 1A]. Base of radial fork [R +s +?] much proximal to that of the median. Knob [capitellum] of halteres black.... + +♂. …club [fused setae on dorsal lobe of the claspette] long and rather narrow; claspette with long apical hair [seta], but apparently without accessory hair; innermost of the four spines [parabasal setae] of the coxite [gonocoxite] stout on basal half, very slender and curved on apical half. + +A great deal of variability is reported for “typical” + +garnhami + +from throughout its considerable range (approximately +4,800 km +). Examples follow. + + +Evans (1938) +separated + +garnhami + +into “typical” and “atypical” forms and +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +resolved + +garnhami + +in two places in their keys to adult females (Sections VIII and X). + + +Apparently, there is bionomical variability of possible consequence. Horsfall (1955) noted: “ +De Meillon (1947 +a) [1947 herein] noted that variations in reported sites appear in the literature. The form in southern Africa does not inhabit houses, and, similarly, D. B. Wilson (1938) [not seen by us] regards the form in Tanganyika [ +Tanzania +] as no inhabitant of houses. Symes (1931) [not seen by us], on the other hand, found large numbers of adults in huts in +Kenya +where goats as well as humans were housed.” + + + +Corradetti (1940) +described variation of the nominotypical subspecies throughout its range in +Africa +to include specimens from +Dessiè +, +Ethiopia +, which is approximately +400 km +north of the capital +Addis Ababa +and about +1,300 km +north of the +type +locality of + +garnhami + +. He explained the variation as follows (translated from the Italian, some intervening text omitted) + +. + + +During my research on malaria in +Abissinia +[ +Ethiopia +] I had occasion to observe + +An +. +garnhami + +in Dessiè and in some surrounding areas around this city. The study of the Ethiopian material caused me to observe that the variability of some characters is considerably wider than it had previously been described. + + +[Heading] Morphological variability of + +A. garnhami + +in the Dessiè area. + + +Adult +. ...In the wings the sector pale spot is complete or incomplete (limited to the subcosta and the 1st longitudinal vein [Sc, vein R] and totally absent on the costa). The subapical dark spot may be complete, incomplete or absent [reflects presence and/or size of preapical pale spot].... + + +Pupa +. Considerable variability is observed in the bristles B [seta 5] of segments V–VII, they may appear simple [single], with a small lateral branch, or divided into various branches. Consistency may not be observed in this respect in the various segments of the same nymph [pupa] and sometimes not even in the two halves of the same segment.... + + +[Heading] Considerations on the systematic value of the morphological variants of + +A +. +garnhami + +. + +From the study of the literature hitherto known on this anopheline it is evident that the limits of variability of the characters presented by the species appear markedly different in different parts of Africa. Knowledge in this regard can be summarized as follows: + +1) Kenyan material (typical). Wing length mm. 5–5.5 (5.5– +6 in +Uasin Gishu +). Female palpi with 3 spots. Strong variability in the wing spots, and absence of basal spots on the costa. Bristle B [seta 5] of the pupa on segments VI–VII with 3–7 branches. Absence of small accessory tergal plates on the abdominal segments of the larva. + + +2). Material from +Uganda +(Mt. Elgon). Female palpi with 4 spots. Strong variability in wing spots and absence of basal spots on the costa. Bristle B [seta 5] of the pupa on segments V–VII sometimes simple [single]. Absence of small accessory tergal plates on the abdominal segments of the larva. + + +3) + +Variety +walshi + +( +South Africa +). Wing length about +4 mm +. Female palpi with 4 spots. Very little variability in the wing spots: little tendency for sector [pale] and subapical [pale] spots to disappear; presence of basal spots on the costa. Marked tendency for the development of small accessory tergal plates on segments VI–VII of the larva. + +4) Dessiè material. Wing length: males mm. 3.4‒4.1; female mm. 3.7–4.5. Female palpi with 3 spots. Strong variability in the wing spots and absence of basal [pale] spots on the costal vein. Strong variability in the characters of the bristle B [seta 5] of the pupa. Presence of small plates on the metathorax of the larva. Strong variability regarding the presence or absence of accessory tergal plates on abdominal segments of the larva from [segment] IV onwards. + +From these observations [there is] the need to extend the research on + +A. garnhami + +of the various African regions in order to determine the limits of variability of the species in the various zones from the study of sufficient material from each locality. + + +Subspecies + +basilewskyi + +was described by +Leleup (1957) +from a subalpine prairie characterized by the monotypic plant genus + +Hagenia + +[ + +Hagenia abyssinica +(Bruce) + +, which is found at high elevations in Afromontane regions in East Africa]. The collection site was a marsh at +2,900 m +elevation on a vegetated volcanic mountain (Mount +Meru +) isolated by a large arid area. +Leleup (1960) +re-published the brief 1957 description and provided further detail and illustrations of a wing, dorsal lobe of the claspette and aedeagal leaflets. The type series consists of a female +holotype +, a male +allotype +and +seven female +and +three male +paratypes +. The author was unable to preserve immature stages for study. Leleup reported several unambiguous diagnostic characters that distinguish + +basilewskyi + +from the nominotypical form: Wings lack pale fringe spots, except for the pale scales of the apical pale spot, and pale spots at the bifurcation of R +2 +and R +3 +and at the base of M +3+4 +(crossvein mcu) (pale spots present in the nominotypical form); the dorsal lobe of the claspette with a distinctly broadened club with a shorter accessory seta (longer narrow club with a longer accessory seta in nominotypical + +garnhami + +); aedeagal leaflets about equal in number but thinner with less serration in + +basilewskyi +. + +Leleup (1960) +summarized the purported differences by stating: “All zoologists will agree in admitting that when all the individuals of an isolated colony offer common characteristics differentiating them from the typical form, it is indeed a subspecies and not of a simple variety [translated from the French].” + +Stone +et al. +(1959) + +and +Lips (1960) +also treated + +basilewskyi + +as a subspecies but +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +considered variation throughout the range of + +garnhami + +and concluded that “…it appears impossible to define + +basilewskyi + +in any satisfactory way, and it must be regarded simply as a variant at below the subspecific level.” Given the inconclusive and poorly documented variation of + +garnhami + +over such a large range, we think Gilles & de Meillon’s decision to synonymize + +basilewskyi + +with + +garnhami + +was incorrect. Overlapping characters are not a valid criterion to combine different forms. This opinion was shared by + +Brunhes +et al +. (1998) + +who resurrected + +basilewskyi + +from synonymy with + +garnhami + +, stating that “The geographical isolation of this population, the absence of apparent sympatry, with + +An. garnhami + +, and the concern not to attribute to + +An. garnhami + +too large a set of characters [great variability], lead us to consider + +An. g. +basilewskyi + +as a valid taxon. It has been very frequently argued that mountain species are genetically isolated from each other, as are island populations. The gene flow these populations receive is probably much reduced, which causes faster speciation. The many morphological variations observed in the orophilic [thriving in mountainous or subalpine regions] + +Anopheles + +would, in this hypothesis, be the consequence of a +speciation in progress or already carried out +[emphasis ours]. As +Corradetti (1940) +suggested, all available information should be re-examined on orophilic species and in particular for + +An. garnhami + +[translated from the French].” + + +We also consider the distinct differences found for + +basilewskyi + +, along with its apparent isolation on a volcanic mountain surrounded by a large arid area, to provide more than sufficient evidence of an independently evolving species and therefore accord + +basilewskyi + +species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +basilewskyi +Leleup, 1957 + + +. + +Anopheles basilewskyi + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Anopheles garnhami + +has one synonym, + +An. garnhami +var. +walshi +Evans & de Meillon, 1933 + +. From its original description, it is “Only known up to the present from Drakensberg, +3,000 to 4,000 ft. +, near Tzaneen, Transvaal, and Tzaneen itself, +2,380 ft. +, +15 miles +from the mountains, where a few specimens have been collected. Cotype ♂♂ and + +♀♀ + +from Magoeba’s Kloof, Tzaneen, North Transvaal...”. + + +Evans & de Meillon (1933) +described and contrasted +walshi +to the “ +type +form” of + +garnhami + +. However, some illustrated wing spot characters of their “ +type +form” do not entirely agree with the original description of +Edwards (1930) +. Present on the South African “ +type +form”, not found on nominotypical + +garnhami + +, are a discrete accessory sector pale spot (only on vein R); base of M +3+4 +(crossvein mcu) dark, as in + +basilewskyi + +; pale fringe spot on the border of cell 1A not depicted. + +Variety +walshi + +was described as differing from the South African “ +type +form” by having prehumeral and humeral pale spots and a discrete accessory sector pale spot on vein R. Subsequently, +de Meillon (1947) +, while still retaining the validity of + +variety +walshi + +, +stated: “Resembles + +garnhami + +very closely and it is doubtful if it deserves even varietal rank. Re-examination of a series of cotypes leads me to believe that it cannot be separated from the +type +form with certainty.” He, however, then listed distinguishing characters. + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +listed +walshi +as a synonym of + +garnhami + +but +Lips (1960) +treated it as a variety. +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +stated: “As pointed out by +De Meillon (1947) +, + +garnhami +var. +walshi + +grades into typical + +garnhami + +in all characters and cannot be separated with any certainty. It is accordingly regarded here as falling within the limits of variation of the normal form.” + + +We think the status of +walshi +and the “ +type +form” in southern Africa merit further examination since +walshi +is inadequately compared to “normal” + +garnhami + +, which has not been characterized throughout its range. Synonymous + +variety +walshi + +and nominotypical + +garnhami + +have both been reported from the Drakensburg Mountains in Transvaal, +South Africa +. We note that the high elevation habitat typical of nominotypical + +garnhami + +is disjunctive with + +garnhami + +and the purported synonymous +walshi +from +South Africa +found in a mountain range a very great distance from the Kenyan highlands. This suggests to us the probability that a species complex related to + +garnhami + +exists in East Africa south of +Ethiopia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0E0A68FF54F945FD1F5E14.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0E0A68FF54F945FD1F5E14.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b638d3940e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0E0A68FF54F945FD1F5E14.xml @@ -0,0 +1,632 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +cinereus +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +cinereus +Theobald, 1901a + +—original combination: + +Anopheles cinereus + +. Distribution: +Algeria +, +Chad +, +Egypt +, +Eritrea +, +Eswatini +, +Ethiopia +, FYRO +Macedonia +, +Georgia +, +Greece +, +Guinea-Bissau +, +Israel +(and +Gaza Strip +and +West Bank +), +Italy +(includes Sardinia and Sicily), +Jordan +, +Libya +, +Lithuania +, +Kenya +, Madeira, +Malawi +, +Morocco +, +Mozambique +, +Namibia +, Niger, +Portugal +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Somalia +, +Spain +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Tunisia +, +Uganda +, +Ukraine +, +Yemen +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +hispaniola +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +—original combination: + +Myzomyia hispaniola + +(subspecific status by +Senevet & Rioux +1960 and Ribeiro +et al. +1980). Distribution: +Algeria +, +Bulgaria +, +France +, +Greece +, +Italy +, +Morocco +, +Spain +(including +Canary Islands +), +Yemen +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Theobald (1901a) +described + +cinereus + +from Salisbury, +Mashonaland +[ +Harare +, +Zimbabwe +] ( +Townsend 1990 +). Selected characters include: Maxillary palpus with four white bands, including one at the apex; antenna with a few white scales on one side of the proximal flagellomeres (not shown in Theobald’s fig. 43b). A text description of the wing markings was provided but the accompanying illustration (fig. 44) shows only venation. However, there is a color illustration of the habitus in +Theobald (1901a +[plates]: fig. 7, pl. II). He wrote in summary: “At first sight they look like large + +A. funestus + +, but the clear pale bases to the legs separate it at once, as well as the large wings and the marked character of the jet-black legs with the white spots at the knees and apices of the tibiae.” +Theobald (1903a) +described and contrasted + +Myzomyia hispaniola + +to + +Myzomyia turkhudi +Liston, 1901 + +, noting that both species shared a black palpomere 5 [in contrast to + +cinereus + +]. The nominal taxon + +hispaniola + +has “tarsi unbanded, and apices of all the femora and tibiae with a pale yellow spot.” As for + +cinereus + +in +Theobald (1901a) +, the wing of + +hispaniola + +was described but only the venation illustrated. A color habitus illustration was not provided, as it was for + +cinereus + +. For + +cinereus +, +Theobald (1901a + +[plates]) illustrated pale fringe scales at the apices of all veins except 1A. +Theobald (1903a) +described + +hispaniola + +with “fringe brown, with pale spots where the veins join the costa except at the lower branch of the fifth and the sixth”, +i.e. +at the apices of veins Cu and 1A. For + +hispaniola + +, both Romero +Viamonte (1949) +and Ribeiro +et al +. (1980) illustrated pale fringe spots at the apices of all veins, including 1A, while +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +showed + +cinereus + +with all the veins, except at 1A, ending at pale fringe. We have not found this character noted elsewhere, but it could have diagnostic value. + + +Below we describe the unstable taxonomic history of the nominal species + +cinereus + +and + +hispaniola +. + +This has been the result of an incomplete understanding of morphological variability and dubious use of the subspecies concept. Currently, the commonly understood distributions for these nominal taxa are Afrotropical for + +cinereus + +and Mediterranean for + +hispaniola + +. Much morphological and biological diversity remains to be understood, which we think will eventually be explained by the existence of a species complex. + + +The two nominal taxa are quite similar morphologically but occur in very different biogeographical zones. Since they are so similar, the two names have been used inconsistently. +Evans (1938) +treated + +cinereus + +as a species in the Afrotropical +Region +(as Ethiopian +Region +) and included + +hispaniola + +as a possible synonym of + +turkhudi + +. +Romeo Viamonte (1949 +, +1950 +) and +Aitken (1953) +both treated + +hispaniola + +as a species. +De Meillon (1947) +provided the most comprehensive and illustrated description of + +cinereus + +, including the egg. +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +updated the description of +de Meillon (1947) +and addressed the possibility that + +hispaniola + +was a subspecies of + +cinereus + +. They stated: “As pointed out by +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +, the separation of this species [ + +hispaniola + +] from + +cinereus + +is very difficult if not impossible, which led +Senevet & Rioux (1960) +to reduce it to the status of a subspecies of + +cinereus + +. They summarized the characteristics of + +hispaniola + +as follows: adult, reduction or absence of apical pale band on +♀ +palps [maxillary palpi]; pupa, hair [seta] l-IV more often simple [single]; larva, most specimens with mouth-brushes [palatal brushes] not mounted laterally.” The biological and taxonomic significance of the lateral position of the palatal brushes in these species has not been investigated further. +Mattingly (1969) +pointed out that species in the Cinereus Group (of +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +) have eggs that lack floats and a much reduced frill, which remain “only as a small patch near the anterior end. These eggs hang vertically in the water and sink readily. Loss of the float is thought to be adaptive to oviposition among the filamentous algae on which the larvae feed by means of specialized mouthparts.” We note that the extent of the frill seems to vary in published illustrations ( +e.g. +Edwards 1921d +, fig. 1l; +Romeo Viamonte 1949 +: fig. 1; +Romeo Viamonte 1950 +: fig. 27; +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +, pl. +100g +), but this has not been documented. As explained by +Romeo Viamonte (1949 +, +1950 +), Edwards’s figure 11 is incorrectly labelled as the egg of + +An. turkhudi + +. + + +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +agreed [with caveats] with +Raffaele & Coluzzi (1961) +that differences in the pharynx [cibarial teeth of adult females] justified the recognition of + +cinereus + +and + +hispaniola + +as separate species. +Dahl & White (1978) +, however, synonymized + +hispaniola + +with + +cinereus + +in the Balkans without comment. This synonymy was followed by +Ward (1984) +and +Ramsdale (1998) +. Ribeiro +et al. +(1980) referred to the taxon in +Portugal +as + +cinereus +hispaniola + +. + +Hammadi +et al +. (2009) + +considered + +hispaniola + +as a species in +Algeria +and + +Kyalo +et al. +(2017) + +considered + +cinereus + +to be a species in the Afrotropical Region, but did not mention + +hispaniola + +. + +Robert +et al +. (2019) + +acknowledged the two names, and identification problems, in their distribution chart for Euro-Mediterranean mosquitoes but did not attempt to resolve the issue, and instead combined them as “ +sensu lato +”. + +Irish +et al. +(2020) + +used the name + +cinereus + +but also noted several instances of usage of the name + +hispaniola + +in the Afrotropical Region. + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +are the only authors who considered and compared both nominal taxa in the same publication, but wrote: “Therefore, + +An +. +cinereus + +is described here, despite the complicated situation of its real distribution”, and further noted: “The status of + +hispaniola + +is still rather undefined.” They discussed and gave descriptions of both + +cinereus +sensu stricto + +and + +cinereus +hispaniola + +, with keys to adult females, male genitalia and larvae of the latter form. Their treatment was only for the separation of the taxon from other European species of the subgenus + +Cellia + +, with no attempt to resolve the composition of + +cinereus +sensu lato + +. + + +To justify retaining + +hispaniola + +as a subspecies, Ribeiro +et al. +(1980) stated: “In the absence of other information concerning experimental or natural hybridization between both forms, it is classical to adopt a subspecific treatment in such a situation [ + +Mayr +et al +. (1953) + +; +Mayr (1963) +; +Mayr (1969) +]” [the dates of the three publications are replacements here for the original reference numbers 32, 33 and 34, respectively]. As stated by + +Mayr +et al. +(1953) + +, “It is preferable for various reasons to treat doubtful allopatric populations as subspecies.” We believe this approach is arbitrary and has caused considerable confusion. Further work is needed to morphologically and genetically characterize the two nominal taxa. Morphological differences are not well documented and there is a very significant difference in biogeographical occurrence. To further confuse the issue, we think there is enough morphological variability to suggest that this is probably a complex of species. For these reasons, and to draw attention to the need to fully understand + +hispaniola + +in comparison to + +cinereus + +, we herein afford it species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +hispaniola +Theobald, 1903 + + +. The country occurrence records listed above, especially for + +hispaniola + +, should be used with caution until the genetic identities of the two species are resolved. + +Anopheles hispaniola + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Anopheles cinereus + +has a single synonym, + +An. jehafi +Patton, 1905 + +( +type +locality: Jebel Jehaf, D’thalia, +Yemen +); + +An.hispaniola + +has three sysnonyms, + +Pyretophorus myzomyifacies +Theobald, 1907 + +( +type +locality: +Algeria +), + +An. italicus +Raffaele, 1928 + +( +type +locality: +Calabria +, +Italy +) and + +Myzomyia rifenus +Baeza Cuéllar, 1933 + +( +type +locality: Er Rif, +Morocco +). In addition to the uncertainty about the genetic identities of + +cinereus + +and + +hispaniola + +, these synonymized nominal species further suggest the existence of a species complex. Until further data become available, it seems appropriate to retain the current synonymies. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0E0A6AFF54FE51FA855EA4.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0E0A6AFF54FE51FA855EA4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c192d59e144 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0E0A6AFF54FE51FA855EA4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles pseudopunctipennis +sensu lato + +in western +Chile + + + + + + +Mann (1950) +described two subspecies from the +Tarapacá Region +of +Chile +, + +An. pseudopunctipennis neghmei + +and + +An. pseudopunctipennis noei + +from La Quebrada de Miñimiñe and Oasis de Suca, respectively.The two sites are only about 2.5 km apart but they are “perfectamente aislados por fajas de desierto absoluto”, absolutely and completely isolated by desert. The projections of the median plate of the spiracular apparatus are much shorter in the two subspecies than in the nominotypical subspecies. They have very different eggs from each other and + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + + +sensu lato + +(a key is given to eggs of related species), and + +neghmei + +is described as distinctly more melanistic than + +noei + +. Ecological studies were carried out by Mann with the intention of future publication, of which we can find no record. However, there is reference ( +Anonymous 1950 +) to a fire that destroyed the School of Medicine and the Department of Parasitology of the University of +Chile +in 1949, which might explain why the information was not published. However, a brief result of that unpublished study is given in his description. +Mann (1950) +described rearing many individuals of the two subspecies in each other’s habitats to see if environment affected their morphological characters, which to him was an alternative explanation for their differences [phenotype affected by environment]. He reported that characters for each remained true no matter where they were raised. It is an intriguing question if hybrids or introgression occurred because of this manipulation. Because of distance and morphological differences from the nominotypical subspecies, and striking egg and color differences between these two subspecies, we elevate both to species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +neghmei +Mann, 1950 + + +and + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +noei +Mann, 1950 + + +. + +Anopheles neghmei + +and + +An. noei + +are both currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0F0A6AFF54FB2BFB085BA8.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0F0A6AFF54FB2BFB085BA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97f9edc3c6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA0F0A6AFF54FB2BFB085BA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles peruvianus +Tamayo, 1907 + + + + + + + +Currently a junior synonym of + +An. pseudopunctipennis +sensu stricto + +, we can find no justification for its taxonomic status. It was cited as a synonym in + +Howard +et al +. (1917) + +, Shannon & del Ponte (1928) and +Lane (1953) +. A +type +does not exist for comparison, the original description is ambiguous and the illustrations that accompany the description of the nominal species lack detail. Unlike other species in the complex, the illustrations show the wing with a sector pale spot, no apical pale spot nor pale fringe scales at the ends of the veins. In contrast, the text (interpreted by RCW) agrees with characters on other species in the complex with the costal vein dark except for subcostal pale and apical pale spots, and the sector pale spot is on the subcosta and vein R +1 +, but not on the costa. Pale fringe is not noted in the description. In addition, the text and illustration show the femur (femora?) slightly speckled, which is not seen elsewhere in the complex. Lacking evidence, we do not think this nominal species should remain a junior synonym of + +An +. +pseudopunctipennis + + +sensu stricto + +. It is possible it could be a senior synonym of one of the other species, especially + +rivadeneirai + +. In addition to the +type +locality, Tamayo also mentioned its occurrence in +Peru +: San Pedro de Lloc, San Pedro Province, +La Libertad Region +; environs of +Lima +; and, Chanchamayo, +Junín Region +. +Lane (1953) +said “Levi-Castillo (1944–1945) described two subspecies ( + +rivadeneirai + +and +levi -castilloi +). We [?] believe that there is quite a probability that his subspecies + +rivadeneirai + +is + +A. peruvianus +Tamayo, 1927 + +[ +sic +] while +levi-castilloi +is the typical form. The work on subspecies of + +A. pseudopunctipennis + +will be subject to error up to the time when the cycle of this species is described in detail from the +type +locality.” Until more information becomes available, we surmise that + +An +. +peruvianus + +should be considered a +nomen dubium +. If its validity is established as conspecific with + +An +. +rivadeneirai + +, it would replace it as the senior synonym. We here elevate + +An. peruvianus + +from synonymy with + +pseudopunctipennis + +and formally recognize it as a +nomen dubium +: + + +Anopheles +( +Anopheles +) +peruvianus +Tamayo, 1907 + + +. + + +Both the female and male of + +peruvianus + +were described in +Tamayo & García (1907) +. The last paragraph of the description of the male is a bit of a puzzle: “ +Fórmula ungueal +. Uno de nosotros lo considera como especie distinta, habiendo propuesto el nombre de + +Anopheles multimaculatus + +que no le ha conservado en la citada descripción.” [English translation: “ +Claw formula +. One of us considers it as a different species, having proposed the name of + +Anopheles multimaculatus + +which has not been preserved in the aforementioned description.”] How this statement came to follow the heading for the “claw formula” is not clear. What is clear is that one of the authors thought that the male, we assume, was a different species and assigned it a name not employed elsewhere in the description. We propose that + +Anopheles multimaculatus +Tamayo, 1907 + +(or Tamayo & García?) should be considered a synonym of + +An +. +peruvianus + +until it is shown that there is another distinct species sympatric with + +peruvianus + +that can be associated with the name + +multimaculatus + +. Or until such time a better explanation is offered. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA100A73FF54FCC8FBC95D47.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA100A73FF54FCC8FBC95D47.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f4e8e1f7e09 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA100A73FF54FCC8FBC95D47.xml @@ -0,0 +1,459 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +impiger +(Walker) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +daisetsuzanus +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +impiger daisetsuzanus + +. Distribution: +Hokkaido +Japan +( +Hokkaido +Island) ( + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). + + +subspecies + +impiger +( +Walker, 1848 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex impiger + +. Distribution: +Canada +, +Finland +, +Norway +, +Russia +(Northwestern Region), +Sweden +, +United States +( +Alaska +, continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, incorrectly listed from +Japan +), tundra of +Russia +( +Gutsevich 1971 +, 1974). + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from “Martin’s Falls”, +Ontario +, +Canada +, located at +51.30 N +, +86.20 W +. This locality was listed for many of Walker’s species as St. Martin’s Falls, Albany River, Hudson’s Bay, but was corrected to “Martin’s Falls” by +Handfield & Handfield (2020) +. The exact type locality is therefore unknown since the place name only represents the shipping origin. Belkin (1968) found “Two +♀ +… apparently part of type series” in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, one of which he designated as the +lectotype +. Other entries in + +Wilkerson +et al. +(2021) + +with the anomalous “St. Martin’s Falls” include + +Culex implacabilis +Walker, 1848 + +, synonym of + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +punctor +( +Kirby, 1837 +) + +, and + +Culiseta +( +Culiseta +) +impatiens +( +Walker, 1848 +) + +. + + + + +The adult female, male genitalia and larva of the nominotypical subspecies were described in detail by +Carpenter & LaCasse (1955) +, + +Gutsevich +et al. +(1971 + +, 1974) and + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +. Ecologically, it is a univoltine early season species, which “is found in the treeless arctic regions of Alaska, +Canada +, Scandanavia [ +sic +] and Siberia. Its range is known to extend southward to Utah and Colorado at the higher elevations.... The larvae... are found in clear pools of water formed by melting snow at high elevations in mountains where alpine arctic conditions prevail” ( +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +). In +Russia +, + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974) recorded it from “...the Kola Peninsula, in the +Arkhangelsk Region +, +Nenets +National District, Taimyr, mouth of the Kolyma, and the Novosibirskie Islands. It usually occurs together with + +A. nigripes + +. + +A. impiger + +predominates in Noril’sk…”. + + +Distinguishing characters (after + +Becker +et al. +2020 + +). + +Adult female. Small species with brownish gray integument, scutum with conspicuous long black setae. Proboscis and maxillary palpus black-scaled; proboscis distinctly longer than forefemur. Vertex with spot of dark-brown scales; occiput covered with erect black setae and white scales. Antenna black, pedicel with some scattered white scales. Scutum with dense long black setae, median stripe of narrow bronze scales and lateral stripe of narrow white scales; scutellum with narrow white scales. Postpronotum with a few bronze scales, otherwise broad white scales; postpronotal setae scattered on entire postpronotum; postprocoxal, subspiracular and postspiracular scale-patches present, hypostigmal scale-patch absent; postspiracular setae 10 or fewer; upper mesokatepisternal scale-patch not reaching anterior margin; mesepimeron with large white scale-patch. Coxae white-scaled; femora and tibiae dark with scattered white scales, tibiae with conspicuous black setae; tarsomeres dark-scaled. Wing veins usually entirely dark-scaled, a few pale scales sometimes present at the base of the costa and radius. Abdominal terga with broad basal white bands. Cerci long, tapering. + +Male +genitalia. Tergum IX lobes rounded. Gonocoxite with short setae predominating on inner side; basal mesal lobe well developed with a spine-like seta distinctly stouter than others; apical lobe of gonocoxite small, weakly developed. Gonostylus slender, somewhat broadened in middle. Claspette filament about as long as stem, with a unilateral wing; aedeagus elongate. + +Larva. Body surface without spicules. Antenna very short, spiculate. Head wider than long. Setae 5,6-C always single, 7-C 3-branched. Comb scales 10–14 (6–16), each scale with long median apical spine and several short spicules at base. Siphon index 2.8–3.0; pecten spines close together, evenly spaced, each spine with one long lateral denticle; seta 1-S inserted slightly below middle of siphon, with 4–6 long branches. Saddle covers approximately half of segment X; ventral brush (seta 4-X) with 2 precratal setae; anal papillae at least 1.3 length of saddle. + + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +described subspecies + +daisetsuzanus + +from specimens collected at an elevation of +2,300 to 3,100 m +above sea level, from “Yukomambetsu, in Mt. Daisetsu [a volcanic mountain range], +Hokkaido +”, Japan’s second largest island and northernmost prefecture. + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +provided a complete description of the adult female, male genitalia and larva, and +Tanaka (1999) +provided a complete description of the pupa. Subspecies + +daisetsuzanus + +is adapted to similar extremely cold conditions as the nominotypical form. + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +stated that “ +Ae +. + +( +Och + +. + +) +impiger +daisetsuzanus + +and +Ae +. + +( +Och + +. + +) +hakusanensis + +[ +Yamaguti & Tamaboko, 1954 +] appear to be relics of the Glacial epoch, now restricted to high mountains.” + +Aedes hakusanensis + +is found further south on Honshu Island. In a footnote, + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +stated that “The nominal subspecies, + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +impiger impiger +( +Walker, 1848 +) + +does not occur in this region.” + + +Unusual to both nominal taxa, not mentioned elsewhere in the literature, the larval maxilla is highly modified and described by + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +in great detail, their summary follows. “The characteristic larval maxilla is especially remarkable. All other Japanese species of + +Ochlerotatus + +studied have maxillae typical for browsers; their maxillae in general are moderately sclerotized; the mesostipes [galeastipes] slightly longer than wide, peach-shaped, with a narrow somewhat detached mesal area (lacinial sclerite - Gardner +et al. +1973), bearing spine-like spicules along the mesal margin; the maxillary brush apical and moderately long; the stipital sensoria [seta 1-Mx] and lacinial seta 5-Mx [seta 2-Mx] located usually somewhat distad of middle; the palpostipes [maxillary palpus] much shorter than the mesostipes. The strongly sclerotized maxilla in general, very broad square mesostipes with a broad mesal detached area, somewhat ventrally located maxillary brush, distally removed stipital sensoria and lacinial seta 5-Mx, and very large palpostipes of + +impiger +daisetsuzanus + +resemble the maxilla of predaceous + +Toxorhynchites + +. The maxilla of + +impiger +daisetsuzanus + +may possibly be regarded as an intermediate +type +between browsers and predatory species. However, the mandible of + +impiger +daisetsuzanus + +is not modified.” “The Japanese subspecies + +daisetsuzanus + +is identical with North American + +impiger + +in the male genitalia and most of the larval characteristics including the modified maxilla...”. + + +This leaves little doubt as to the close phylogenetic relationship of the two nominal taxa. Some differences, however, were pointed out by + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +and +Tanaka (1999) +, which are summarized in +Table 1 +. These differences were enough for the authors to suggest species status for + +daisetsuzanus + +, but because of the few specimens available, they chose to rank it as a subspecies. + + +Hokkaido +Island was partially covered by ice at the last glacial maximum ( + +Sawagaki +et al +. 2004 + +). We assume that populations of the nominal taxon + +impiger + +were isolated at that time and have been diverging genetically since [perhaps for +18,000 +–20,000 +years]. For this reason, since + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +did not encounter the nominal form in the “Japanese Archipelago” and there are morphological differences which we believe will be sustained with examination of a larger number of specimens, we formally afford species status to + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +daisetsuzanus +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + + +. + +Aedes daisetsuzanus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +The nominotypical form has two synonyms: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +nearcticus +Dyar, 1919b + +and + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +parvulus +Edwards, 1921d + +. We retain both as synonyms of + +Ae. +impiger + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA120A74FF54FB89FA905910.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA120A74FF54FB89FA905910.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..74942be345b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA120A74FF54FB89FA905910.xml @@ -0,0 +1,666 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +fulvus +(Wiedemann) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +fulvus +( +Wiedemann, 1828 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex fulvus + +. Distribution: +Argentina +, +Belize +, +Bolivia +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Costa Rica +, +Cuba +, +Ecuador +, French Guiana, +Guatemala +, +Guyana +, +Mexico +, +Panama +, +Peru +, +Suriname +, +Trinidad and Tobago +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +, +South Korea +listed in error). + + +subspecies + +pallens +Ross, 1943 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +fulvus pallens + +. Distribution: +United States +(continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Distributions listed in + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +for + +fulvus +sensu stricto + +from the continental +United States +and for + +pallens + +from +Cuba +and +Mexico +could not be documented and should be omitted. + + + + +The nominal forms are members of the +Chrysoconops +Group of + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2015) + +—genus + +Chrysoconops +Goeldi, 1905 + +; Group C, + +fulvus + +-group of +Edwards (1932a) +; + +Ochlerotatus + +subgenus + +Chrysoconops + +of + +Reinert +et al +. (2008 + +, +2009 +). In addition to the two nominal taxa, the group also includes + +bimaculatus +( +Coquillett, 1902b +) + +; + +jorgi +Carpintero & Leguizamón, 2000 + +; + +pennai +Antunes & Lane, 1938 + +; and +stigmaticus +Edwards, 1922 +. + + +Wiedemann (1828) +described the nominotypical subspecies from “ +Brazil +”. The +holotype +female was seen by Belkin (1968) in the collection of the Senckenberg Naturmuseum Frankfurt, +Germany +. + + +Belkin +et al +. (1971) + +later restricted the type locality to Salvador, +Bahia +, +Brazil + +. + + +Goeldi (1905) +described the egg of + +fulvus + +(as + +Taeniorhynchus fulvus + +) from a female captured in Murutucú, near Belém, +Brazil +. He was, however, unable to rear immature stages for study. Goeldi provided a description of the adult from separate observations: “Among our mosquitoes it is one of the largest species. It is characterized, in addition to its distinct size, by the beautiful general yellow coloration, color of gold, that extends over all [body] parts, including a good part of the anterior margin of the wings, contrasting here on the wing with the distal margin having a dark spot, while the rest shines giving a beautiful iridescent effect. Also ostensibly distinctive are the dark middle articulations of all six pairs [ +sic +] of legs, the tarsi, the tip of the proboscis and the tip of the palps [maxillary palpi]. The back of the thorax [scutum] and the posterior margins of the abdominal rings [bands] exhibit some areas of a slightly different tint, darker than the beautiful general golden yellow [translated from the Portuguese].” + + +In his description of subspecies + +pallens +, +Ross (1943) + +contrasted the subspecies with + +fulvus + +, and with the very similar + +Ae. +bimaculatus + +. For reference, Ross included detailed illustrations of the male genitalia and larvae of + +fulvus +pallens + +and + +bimaculatus + +. He wrote:“This paper presents evidence to show that two distinct species of + +Aedes + +occurring in the +United States +are both at present identified as Coquillett’s + +bimaculatus + +. The true + +bimaculatus + +, described from Brownsville, +Texas +, and ranging from central +Texas +to +El Salvador +, is very distinct from the ‘ + +bimaculatus + +’ collected throughout the southeastern +United States +which is here described as a new subspecies of the Neotropical + +fulvus +(Wiedemann) + +. Vargas’s +rozeboomi +, recently described from +Campeche +, +Mexico +, is shown to be a synonym of the true + +bimaculatus + +.” After describing the “true + +bimaculatus + +”, Ross compared the species with + +fulvus + +as follows: “The male terminalia [genitalia] characters of + +bimaculatus + +are very distinctive and set the species well apart from + +fulvus + +[ +sensu lato +]. The larval differences between + +bimaculatus + +and + +fulvus +pallens + +, on the other hand, are relatively slight. Adults of both sexes of these species may be separated as follows: + +fulvus + +[ +sensu lato +] has apical triangular areas of black scales on all abdominal tergites [terga], thoracic pleura with at least one black integumental spot ( + +fulvus +pallens + +) or two longitudinal black stripes ( + +fulvus fulvus + +); + +bimaculatus + +, with scarcely any black scales on tergites except toward base of abdomen, thoracic pleura yellow—no integumental maculation”. + + +Before describing + +fulvus + + +fulvus +, +Ross (1943) + +stated: “The writer has before him the + +fulvus + +material in the +U. S. +National Museum from many localities in Central and South America. Representatives from +Panama +[not +Brazil +] are described...”. The following are pertinent excerpts from his description of the male: “Thorax with mesonotal [scutal] integument lemon-yellow except for the subbasal spots [posterolateral spots]; each spot is transversely divided medially by a yellow area, the spots are brownish-black with blending margins.... Pleural integument lemon-yellow with two longitudinal brownish-black bands, one extending caudad from side of anterior promontory of mesonotum to prealar sclerite [prealar area], the lower band crossing middle of sternopleural sclerite [mesokatepisternum] and covering lower half of mesepimeron. ... +Male terminalia +[genitalia] without significant differences from that described later for + +fulvus +pallens + +(fig. 1) [figure number from original].” + + +Following his description of “ + +fulvus +pallens + +, +new subspecies +”, Ross noted: “Because of the lack of apparent terminalia differences between the +United States +series and that from +Panama +, and because the more superficial characters such as color and vestiture are relatively slight, though constant, the +United States +series is placed as a subspecies of + +fulvus + +. + +Pallens + +can be separated at once from typical + +fulvus + +by the almost complete absence of pleural maculation of the thorax and by the greater development of the mesothoracic [posterolateral scutal] spots.” + + +We could not find any evidence of sympatry or intermediate forms of the two subspecies— + +pallens + +is found only in the southeastern +United States +and + +fulvus + +is distributed from southern +Mexico +and the Caribbean ( +Cuba +) to +Brazil +, but does not occur in the +United States +. + + +We disagree that lack of male genitalia differences is a reason to ignore significant diagnostic characters and quite disparate distributions. Because of these factors, we believe that + +fulvus + +and + +pallens + +are separate species. We therefore afford species status to + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +pallens +Ross, 1943 + + +. + +Aedes pallens + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Aedes pallens + +has one synonym, + +Culex flavicosta +Walker, 1856 + +. +Edwards (1932a) +was apparently the first to treat + +flavicosta + +as a synonym of + +fulvus + +. Alan Stone saw the type specimen, and in an unpublished taxonomic catalog research note (1955) he wrote: “British Museum: A +♀ +type labeled Amaz. [Amazon] in BM, lacking head. The triangular apical areas of dark scales on the abdomen are scarcely visible, but it’s [ +sic +] synonymy with fulvus [ +sic +] is probably correct.” The +holotype +was also examined by + +Belkin +et al. +(1971) + +in the Natural History Museum, London, who, instead of “Amazon +Region +,” restricted the type locality to “Manaus ( +Amazonas +)”. +Townsend (1990) +also examined the +holotype +and noted “head missing”, but he did not note that Belkin had restricted the type locality. + + +While it is clear to us that + +pallens + +should be accorded species status, variation can be found in adult characters of + +fulvus + +in Central and South America and the Caribbean. This variation, and the highly unlikely occurrence of any mosquito species naturally occurring in very different zoogeographic areas, make the existence of a species complex likely. In addition, we are not aware of studies of specimens from the generalized Amazonian +type +localities, nor the restricted +type +localities, of + +fulvus + +or the synonym + +flavicosta + +. A few examples of morphological variation follow. + + +Gutsevich & Garcia-Avila (1969) +described + +Ae. +fulvus + +from +Cuba +. Their description is not entirely clear but, in part: “The lateral surface of the thorax is also of two colors: upper half dark brown; lower half yellowish. A spot of broad silvery scales on the upper part of the sternopleuron [mesokatepisternum] and on the upper mesepimeron.... The specimens we have collected occupy an intermediate position between the southern and North American forms [between + +fulvus fulvus + +and + +fulvus +pallens + +] [translated from the Spanish].” The thoracic pleura being dark above and yellowish below has not been described for any other taxon related to + +fulvus + +. The broad silvery scales usually have not been emphasized but are of possible significance in the +Chrysoconops +Group. These scales were also noted by +Carpenter & LaCasse (1955) +for + +fulvus +pallens + +and by +Ross (1943) +for + +fulvus fulvus + +. + + +Rodriquez-Martinez +et al. +(2020) documented the sympatry of + +bimaculatus + +and + +fulvus + +in southern Mexican states bordering the Gulf of +Mexico +and +Guatemala +. To identify + +fulvus + +: “I distinguish this species from the preceding [ +stigmaticus +, which was shown by them not to occur in +Mexico +] by the dark bands of the pleura, by the gold-colored scales in the region of the subcosta, and by the initial dark apical part [of the wing] at the point where the subcosta ends on the costal vein [translated from the Spanish].” +Martini (1935) +also mentioned the apically dark wings of + +fulvus + +: “A series of example specimens from South America has, without exception, the characteristic of a dark spot at the end of the wings [translated from the Spanish].” We found wide variability in the descriptions of the extent of yellow scales and dark apical areas of the wings in this group of species. The division of the posterolateral dark scutal spots, a character used by +Ross (1943) +as characteristic of + +fulvus + +, is not mentioned by + +Rodriguez-Martinez +et al. +(2020) + +, but an undivided dark scutal spot is clearly shown in a photograph (their fig. 1b). The dark pleural lines, also characteristic of + +fulvus + +according to +Ross (1943) +, are present in a photograph of + +Rodriguez-Martinez +et al. +(2020 + +: fig. 1d), but the authors of both publications only pointed out that there is a dark spot in the hypostigmal area, but did not discuss the two obvious dark pleural bands. + + +In keys to the mosquitoes of +Guatemala +( +Clark-Gil & Darsie 1983 +), the characters used to identify adult females of + +fulvus + +were “Scutal integument yellow with posterolateral dark marks” and “Thoracic pleuron with dark hypostigmal spot [not two dark bands]; abdominal terga yellow-scaled basally, dark-scaled apically.” + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA150A7EFF54FA1FFD38593C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA150A7EFF54FA1FFD38593C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d814aeaf867 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA150A7EFF54FA1FFD38593C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1046 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +pulcritarsis +(Rondani) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +asiaticus +Edwards, 1926b + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +pulchritarsis +[ +sic +] var. +asiaticus + +(subspecific status by +Monchadskii 1951 +). Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +India +, +Nepal +, +Pakistan +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Sri Lanka +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +pulcritarsis +( +Rondani, 1872 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex pulcritarsis + +. Distribution: +Albania +, +Afghanistan +, +Azerbaijan +, +Bulgaria +, Crimean Peninsula, +Croatia +, +Cyprus +, +Czech Republic +, +France +(includes +Corsica +), +Georgia +, +Greece +, +Hungary +, +India +, +Iran +, +Israel +( +Gaza Strip +and +West Bank +), +Italy +(includes +Sicily +), +Kazakhstan +, +Kosovo +, +Lebanon +, +Macedonia +, +Moldova +, +Morocco +, +Pakistan +, +Portugal +, +Romania +, +Russia +(Southern Districts), +Serbia +, +Slovakia +, +Spain +(includes +Balearic +Islands), +Tunisia +, +Turkey +, +Ukraine +, +Uzbekistan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The taxonomic history of + +Aedes pulcritarsis + +involves eight nominal forms: + +Culex pulcritarsis +Rondani, 1872 + +; + +Culex leucacanthus +Loew, 1873 + +; + +Aedes berlandi +Séguy, 1921 + +; + +Aedes praeteritus +Séguy, 1923 + +; + +Finlaya versicolor +Barraud, 1924 + +; + +Aedes pulchritarsis + + +[ +sic +] var. +asiaticus +Edwards, 1926b + +; + +Aedes pulchritarsis + + +[ +sic +] var. +stegomyina +Stackelberg & Monchadskii, 1926 + +(in +Montchadsky 1926 +); and + +Aedes simici +Baranoff, 1927 + +. + + +In his treatment of the subgenus + +Ochlerotatus +, +Edwards (1932a) + +listed + +leucacanthus + +and + +simici + +as synonyms of + +pulcritarsis + +(as + +pulchritarsis + +), recognized + +asiaticus + +, + +berlandi + +, + +praeteritus + +and + +versicolor + +as varieties of + +pulcritarsis + +, and listed +stegomyina +as a synonym of + +variety +asiaticus + +. +Monchadskii (1951) +raised + +asiaticus + +to subspecific status, recognized +stegomyina +and + +versicolor + +as its synonyms, and retained + +berlandi + +, + +praeteritus + +and + +simici + +as synonyms of + +pulcritarsis + +. + +Aedes berlandi + +was restored to specific status by +Rioux & Arnold (1955) +, with + +praeteritus + +as a synonym. Much later, +Danilov (1978) +removed + +versicolor + +from synonymy with + +asiaticus + +and recognized it as a valid species of the subgenus + +Finlaya + +. + +Aedes versicolor + +is currently regarded as a species of + +Aedes + +without subgeneric placement ( + +Reinert +et al +. 2009 + +; +Harbach 2018 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). As a result of these taxonomic actions, + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +is currently recognized as consisting of two subspecies, the nominotypical subspecies with two synonyms ( + +leucacanthus + +and + +simici + +) and subspecies + +asiaticus + +with a single synonym ( +stegomyina +). + + + + + +Aedes pulcritarsis + +was apparently described from a single damaged female collected at an undisclosed locality in +Italy +( +Rondani 1872 +; +Theobald 1901c +). +Edwards (1926b) +briefly described subspecies + +asiaticus + +from an undisclosed number of adult mosquitoes without explicitly mentioning where they were collected. The +holotype +female in the Natural History Museum, London was collected in “ +Pakistan +: Chitral, Drosh” ( +Townsend 1990 +). Drosh is a city located at an elevation of +1,359 m +in the Chitral District of +Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province +. + + +Seventy-six mtDNA +COI +sequences derived from specimens identified as + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +are available in GenBank. Three are from specimens collected in +Austria +, one is apparently from a specimen collected in +Greece +and the remaining 72 (also available in the BOLD database) are from specimens collected in +Pakistan +. The similarities between all of the sequences is greater than 97.8%, mostly greater than 99%. + + + + +All of the +COI +sequences obtained from specimens collected in +Pakistan +were submitted by + +Ashfaq +et al +. (2014) + +. The authors indicated that the specimens were collected at altitudes of 111– +2,376 m +in urban and rural areas of +Punjab +and +Khyber Pakhtunkhwa +Provinces in central-eastern and northwestern regions of the country, respectively, and identified retrospectively as + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +“through barcodes”. It is also interesting to note that the specimens from +Austria +which + +Bakran-Lebl +et al +. (2022) + +used to generate +COI +sequences were identified to species using the morphological keys of + +Gunay +et al +. (2018) + +and + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +, with the identifications subsequently confirmed by comparison “to sequences available in GenBank® and BOLD.” Obviously, the only sequences available in the databases for comparison at the time were those deposited by + +Ashfaq +et al +. (2014) + +. Even though the +holotype +of + +asiaticus + +was collected at an altitude intermediate between the altitudes where + +Ashfaq +et al +. (2014) + +collected their alleged specimens of + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +(see above), we do not think that the genetic data are sufficient to unambiguously indicate the former is a synonym of the latter. Although the currently available barcode sequences appear to indicate that the same species is present in +Austria +, +Greece +and +Pakistan +, the existence of a complex of species, which may not be distinguished by barcodes, cannot be ruled out. + + +Edwards (1934) (in +Barraud 1934 +) stated, with reference to + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +(as + +pulchritarsis + +) that “The species is usually scarce and still but little known, but appears to be subject to considerable local variation. Two different varieties [ + +asiaticus + +and + +versicolor + +] or possibly distinct species, occur within the Indian area and are described below.” As noted above, + +versicolor + +is now recognized as a species of the subgenus + +Finlaya + +. Edwards gave a brief description of the female of + +asiaticus + +and included a description of the larva based on the descriptions of +Montchadsky (1926) +and +Montschadsky (1930) +. His descriptions of the females of + +pulcritarsis + +(as + +pulchritarsis + +) and + +asiaticus + +are not entirely comparable. The comparable characters are listed in +Table 3 +. + + +Contrary to Edwards, + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974) indicated that the ornamentation of the legs is more variable in subspecies + +pulcritarsis + +(as + +pulchritarsis + +): “Femora and tibiae dark anteriorly, with small spots of dark scales or with scattered light scales, often also completely dark anteriorly, with white apex.” They reported that subspecies + +asiaticus + +“differs mainly in the coloration of the mesonotum. Head with white and black scales which form spots. Mesonotum with blackish brown or dark brown sales, with a longitudinal median stripe of white scales and white transverse stripes, stripes on the mesonotum sometimes formed by yellowish scales which are indistinct against the background; lateral margins of mesonotum with white scales.” Oddly, Gutsevich +et al +. did not mention the head scaling of subspecies + +pulcritarsis + +; however, for comparison, Edwards described the head of this subspecies as having “a median line of long and rather wide white lanceolate scales on vertex, continued forwards between eyes and around eye-margins; white upright scales in centre of nape [occiput]; a large patch of black scales on either side of middle line of vertex.” It is uncertain but the median line of white scales and lateral patches of black scales described by Edwards probably correspond with the white and black spots described by + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974). + + + +TABLE 3 +. Comparable differences between the adult females of the subspecies of + +Aedes pulcritarsis + +observed by Edwards (in +Barraud 1934 +). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Females + + +asiaticus + + + +pulcritarsis + +
Thorax“Mesonotum mainly dark brown, with a double“Mesonotum with a variable amount of golden
median line of white scales on anterior ½, narrowlyscales toward front in middle; pale scales along
bordered externally with yellow scales; on each side ofmargins and over wing-roots, remainder dark
the posterior end of this stripe a rather large patch ofbrown.”
whitish scales.”
LegsApparently differing as follows: “Femora and tibiae +…“mostly black, with conspicuous white +
kneewith fairly numerous scattered white scales; hindfemurspots and shite rings on tarsi marrow on front
(except for this speckling) dark on nearly the wholeand middle pairs, broader on hand pair; 5th tarsal
outer surface.”segment of all legs white.”
Abdomen“White basal bands on tergites [terga] II–VI complete,…“black, with white basal bands on tergites
that on VI very narrow.”II–VI, sternites [sterna] similarly coloured.”
+ + +The most recent treatment of + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +, the nominate form in Europe, is that of + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +. Those authors merely stated that the female is “Very similar to the females of + +Ae. +berlandi + +. A slight difference exists in the scutal colouration pattern. Whereas the scutum of + +Ae. +berlandi + +is distinctly contrasted by dark and pale golden scales, + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +exhibits a weaker pattern of pale and dark scales on the scutum and looks rather uniformly golden brownish coloured. However, the median and lateral stripes may be somewhat lighter than the submedian spots.” There is no mention of the median line of white scales on the anterior half of the scutum that is present in subspecies + +asiaticus + +. + + +As far as we know, the male genitalia and larva of subspecies + +pulcritarsis + +were first described and illustrated by +Martini (1930) +. +Montchadsky (1926) +described and illustrated the four larval instars of subspecies + +asiaticus + +(as + +var. +stegomyina + +). Martini included a brief description of + +var. +stegomyina + +and reproduced the terminal abdominal segments of the second and third-instar larvae (his fig. 359) that were illustrated for this variety in +Montchadsky (1926 +: figs 4 and 3, respectively). The head and terminal abdominal segments of + +pulcritarsis +sensu stricto + +were illustrated by +Martini (1930) +. The only other illustration of the larva of + +pulcritarsis +sensu stricto + +known to us is the drawing of the terminal abdominal segments found in + +Becker +et al +. (2020 + +: fig. 10.69), which, except for the larger anal papillae, agrees with the illustration of +Martini (1930) +. +Monchadskii (1951) +and Gutsevich +et al +. reproduced +Montchadsky’s (1926) +illustrations of the head and terminal abdominal segments of + +var. +stegomyina + +for their descriptions of subspecies + +asiaticus + +. It is interesting to note that the largest seta of the basal mesal lobe of the male genitalia illustrated for + +pulcritarsis + +by +Martini (1930 +: fig. 358) differs significantly from the largest seta of the basal mesal lobe illustrated for + +pulcritarsis + +by + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974: fig. 111) and + +Becker +et al +. (2020 + +: fig. 10.68). + + +Even though the adults and larvae of + +asiaticus + +and + +pulcritarsis + +have not been described in detail, and the pupae are unknown, the known morphological differences listed in +Table 4 +provide a clear indication that the two forms are quite distinct. + + + +TABLE 4 +. Morphological differences between the subspecies of + +Aedes pulcritarsis + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Anatomical feature + + +asiaticus + + +pulcritarsis +
LarvaeComb scalesBluntly pointedSharply pointed
Pecten16–18 spines17–24 spines
SiphonLong, index 4.0–5.0, slightly taperedShort, index 3.0–3.5, more strongly tapered
Anal papillae≈ length of seta 2-X≈ 2x length of seta 2-X
MaleBasal mesal lobeLargest seta stout, curved distallyLargest seta slender with hooked tip
FemaleScutumWith anterior median white stripeStripe absent
Abdominal tergum VIBasal pale band normalBasal pale band very narrow
+ + +The distributions of the two subspecies listed in + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +require some adjustments. Firstly, +India +and +Pakistan +should be removed from the distribution of subspecies + +pulcritarsis + +for the reason explained for other taxa treated herein. Secondly, +Tajikistan +, +Turkmenistan +and +Uzbekistan +(includes the +type +locality of +stegomyina +) should be added to the distribution of subspecies + +asiaticus + +(see + +Gutsevich +et al +. 1971 + +, 1974). By association, the distribution of + +asiaticus + +should include +Afghanistan +and probably most of +Iran +and +Kazakhstan +. +Afghanistan +and +Uzbekistan +should be removed from the distribution of subspecies + +pulcritarsis + +, and +Iran +(far northwest) and +Kazakhstan +(far western region) questionably retained. In agreement with + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974) and + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +, the distribution of + +pulcritarsis +sensu stricto + +extends eastward from the Mediterranean region to southwestern +Russia +and Caucasia; the distribution of + +asiaticus + +lies east and southeast of those areas, essentially from areas northeast to southeast of the Caspian Sea. + + +We suspect that integrated morphological and molecular studies conducted on specimens collected throughout the ranges of the two forms are likely to show that + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +is a complex of species. For that reason, based on currently available morphological and distributional information, we believe a prudent course of action is to recognize + +asiaticus + +as a separate species until proven otherwise: + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +asiaticus +Edwards, 1926b + + +. + +Aedes asiaticus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +There is no doubt that + +var. +stegomyina +Stackelberg & Monchadskii, 1926 + +is synonymous with + +Ae. +asiaticus + +based on its morphology and +type +locality.As the +type +localities of + +leucacanthus +Loew, 1873 + +(Kasan in southwestern +Russia +) and + +simici +Baranoff, 1927 +( +Macedonia +) + +lie within the distribution of + +Ae. +pulcritarsis + +, we accept that they should be retained as synonyms of this species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA160A71FF54FAB1FD0E5F5A.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA160A71FF54FAB1FD0E5F5A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..586fd07e8fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA160A71FF54FAB1FD0E5F5A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,401 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +lasaensis +(Meng) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +gyirongensis +Ma, 1982 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +lasaensis gyirongensis + +. Distribution: +China +( +Xizang +Autonomous Region) ( +Ma 1982 +). + + +subspecies + +lasaensis +Meng, 1962 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +lasaensis + +. Distribution: +China +( +Xizang +Autonomous +Region +) ( +Meng 1962 +). + + + + + +Aedes lasaensis + +and subspecies + +gyirongensis + +were described from localities in the +Xizang +Autonomous Region +( +Tibet +) of +China +. +The +former was described from males and females reared from larvae taken from a “marsh in the vicinity of Lasa [Lhasa]”; the latter was described from males and females collected in +Gyirong +, which is a county bordering +Nepal +( +Gyirong +is also the name of a town in the country). +Both +localities lie within the +Himalayas +, +Lhasa +at an altitude of + +3,656 m + +and +Gyirong town +at an altitude of + +2,700 m + +. +Gyirong town +lies approximately +585 km +west-southwest of Lhasa city. + + +Meng (1962) +described the adults and fourth-instar larva of + +Ae. +lasaensis + +and distinguished the species from +Ae. + +punctor +( +Kirby, 1837 +) + +. +Ma (1982) +briefly described the adults of subspecies + +gyirongensis + +and illustrated the male genitalia. Since the original descriptions, the two forms have only been treated by + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +, who described the adults of the two forms and the larva of + +lasaensis + +(the larva of + +gyirongensis + +remains unknown). Lu +et al +. provided illustrations of the male genitalia and larva (head, thorax and terminal abdominal segments) of + +lasaensis + +and reproduced Ma’s illustrations (slightly modified) of the ninth tergal lobes and gonocoxite of + +gyirongensis + +. The morphological distinctions provided in the descriptions and illustrations of these authors are summarized in +Table 2 +. + + + +TABLE 2 +. Differences between adults of the subspecies of + +Aedes lasaensis + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Anatomical feature + + +gyirongensis + + + +lasaensis + +
Females—wingRadius, dark scales at baseMore numerousNormal
Cubitus (base?)White scales more numerous thanWhite scales not more numerous
dark scalesthan dark scales
Males—genitaliaNinth tergal lobesEach lobe with 3–7 simple andEach lobe with 6 or 7 simple
forked spine-like setaespine-like setae
Gonocoxite—scalesRelatively numerous, spatulateRelatively few, truncate
GonostylusSlender, gently curved distallyStout proximally, sharply curved
distally
Basal mesal lobe (BML)Quadrate in dorsal view, setaeSomewhat trapezoidal in dorsal
longerview (slightly narrower at base),
setae relatively short
Parabasal setae, insertionsOpposite mid-basal margin ofAt distal basal margin of BML,
BML, larger hooked seta insertedlarger hooked seta inserted
laterad of smaller setaproximad of smaller seta
Line of needle-like setaePresentAbsent
at level of lower edge of
BML
Dorsomesal apical lobe,More numerous, longerSparse, short
setae
Claspette, stemWith prominent preapical mesalSlightly and evenly tapered to
protuberancebase of filament
+ + + +Aedes lasaensis + +is a member of the +Punctor Subgroup (Knight 1951) +of the Communis Group ( +Edwards 1932a +) of species within the subgenus + +Ochlerotatus + +. In contrast with some other species of the +Punctor Subgroup +in which the male genitalia are indistinguishable, +e.g. Ae. aboriginis +Dyar, 1917a +, +Ae. hexodontus +Dyar, 1916 +and + +Ae. +punctor + +in +Canada +( + +Wood +et al +. 1979 + +), the distinguishing features of the male genitalia listed in +Table 2 +, especially those of the gonocoxite and shape of the claspette stem, clearly indicate that + +lasaensis + +and + +gyirongensis + +are separate species, which are likely to occur in sympatry in areas of Tibet. We expect that morphological details of the larval stage, once known for both forms, in concert with DNA sequence data, will verify our decision here to formally recognize + +gyirongensis + +as a distinct species: + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +gyirongensis +Ma, 1982 + + +. + +Aedes gyirongensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA190A7AFF54FAFEFCB15B18.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA190A7AFF54FAFEFCB15B18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b0f354444e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA190A7AFF54FAFEFCB15B18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,818 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +vigilax +(Skuse) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +ludlowae +( +Blanchard, 1905 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex ludlowi + +[ +sic +] (subspecific status by +Knight & Hull 1951 +b). Distribution: +Philippines +( +Blanchard 1905 +). + + +subspecies + +vansomerenae +Mattingly, 1955 + +(in +Mattingly & Brown,1955 +)—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +vigilax + +subspecies + +vansomerenae + +. Distribution: +Seychelles +( +Mattingly & Brown 1955 +). + + +subspecies + +vigilax +( +Skuse, 1889 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex vigilax + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Fiji +, +Indonesia +( +Java +, +Flores +, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatra), +Malaysia +, +New Caledonia +, +New Hebrides +, +Papua New Guinea +, Solomon Isl., +Taiwan +, +Thailand +, Timor, +Tonga +, +Vanuatu +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +, incorrectly listed from the +Philippines +and the +Seychelles +). + + + + +Summary +. + +Aedes vigilax +sensu lato + +is a species complex. A key indicator for us was the report of two molecularly identified species-level taxa that occur throughout coastal +Australia +, with co-occurrence at the +type +localities of the nominotypical form (see below). It is not yet known if one or both extend northward into +Indonesia +and Southeast Asia, or which one should bear the name + +vigilax + +. Neither do we know for certain the identity of + +Ae. +vigilax +sensu lato + +north of +Australia +. The subspecies + +ludlowae + +and + +vansomerenae + +are geographically isolated in the +Philippines +and +Seychelles +, respectively, and can be morphologically characterized. Also known are one or two unnamed taxa in +New Caledonia +and the +New Hebrides +. Researchers have usually treated the nominotypical form as a single entity for purposes of discussion and identification, which makes definition of other putative OTUs problematical. See +Mattingly (1961) +for an example of mixing life stages from different geographical areas to define + +vigilax + +. Also, the extensive biological and disease transmission literature (reviewed by + +Lee +et al +. 1984 + +) consists of an array of variable attributes, which would be expected when multiple species are lumped together. + + +The taxa considered here are exclusive members of the +Empihals +Group of + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2015) + +, formerly + +Ochlerotatus + +subgenus + +Empihals + +Reinert +et al. +, 2008 + + +. In the comprehensive infrasubgeneric classification of the subgenus + +Ochlerotatus + +, the taxa are members of the +Vigilax Subgroup +( +Marks 1949 +; Vigilax Section of +Marks 1957 +; +Empihals +Group in part of + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2015 + +) of the +Taeniorhynchus +Group ( +Edwards 1932a +, in part; +Culicelsa +Group of + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2015 + +). The larvae are primarily adapted to coastal brackish-water marshes and mangroves. Keys and descriptions to nominal + +vigilax + +are included in +Belkin 1962 +(South Pacific), + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +(Ryukyu Archipelago, +Japan +), + +Lee +et al. +1984 + +(Australasia), + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. 2010 + +( +Thailand +) and + +Becker +et al +. 2020 + +(Asia, +Australia +). Subspecies + +vansomerenae + +is compared by + +Le Goff +et al. +(2012) + +to other species found in the +Seychelles +, and subspecies + +ludlowae + +is included in the key of +Knight & Hull (1951) +to species of + +Aedes + +in the +Philippines +. + + +Based on morphological characters included in the keys and individual descriptions contained in the publications cited above, + +Wilkerson +et al. +(2021) + +characterized the adult female and larva of nominal + +vigilax + +, paraphrased below. The characters of the male genitalia are from ( +Harbach 2022a +). + + +Adult. Decumbent scales of vertex mostly narrow, erect scales cover most of dorsal surface; basal 0.67 of proboscis with midventral pale scaling. Scutum without distinctive markings, sometimes with pale brown scales along acrostichal line and an entirely white scale-patch just anterior to scutellum. Scale-patches on antepronotum, proepisternum and paratergite, broad whitish scales on postspiracular and prealar areas; subspiracular area without scales; lower mesepimeron without setae. [Postpronotal scale patterns are not noted here but we believe they are diagnostic for four of the taxa discussed below, + +i.e. +vigilax +sensu lato + +, + +ludlowae + +, + +vansomerenae + +and the “ +Celebes +Form”.] Tarsomeres of all legs with distinct white basal bands, hindtarsus with basal pale bands ≥ 0.25 length of tarsomeres. Wing with small areas of white scaling. Abdominal terga with white basal bands of uniform width. + +Larva. Seta 4-C short, nearer level of 6-C than 5-C; setae 11,12-C short. Seta 5-P single or double, lateral spine of plate bearing setae 9–12-M,T small and lightly pigmented. Most abdominal setae comparatively short; seta 1- III–V short, branched; seta 6-III branched. Comb scales in 1–3 irregular rows; saddle incomplete; anal papillae shorter than 0.5 length of saddle; seta 3-X single; siphon short, index <2.0; pecten spines evenly spaced, not inserted beyond seta 1-S. + +Male +genitalia. “Ninth tergal lobes with flattened setae; gonocoxite with scales, with setose dorsal basomesal lobe, mesal surface membranous; gonostylus attached at apex of gonocoxite, with apical gonostylar claw; claspette a long narrow columnar stem with an *apical seta (claspette filament) [hooked in subspecies + +ludlowae + +and + +vigilax + +and not hooked in subspecies + +vansomerenae + +], *stem ≤ 0.85 length of aedeagus; aedeagus tube-like, widest at mid-length; cercal setae present.” [* = diagnostic character for subgenus + +Empihals + +of + +Reinert +et al +. 2009 + +] + + +The nominotypical form was described by +Skuse (1889) +from specimens collected at four localities in southeastern +Australia +: Gosford, Kiama and National Park [unclear what this represents], +New South Wales +; and Brisbane, +Queensland +. + +Lee +et al. +(1984) + +cited Hahn (1962) [not seen by us] for the deposition of female +syntypes +[number not given] and a type female of + +vigilax + +in the Macleay Museum of Natural History, University of Sydney, Sydney, +Australia +. The Macleay Collection is now housed in the Chau Chak Wing Museum on the same campus. Many insects from the Macleay Collection were transferred to the Australian National Insect Collection in Canberra, but + +vigilax + +does not appear in their inventory of primary types. It is assumed that the type specimens of + +vigilax + +remain in the Macleay Collection. + + + +Puslednik +et al. +(2012) + +used comprehensive collection records and multiple DNA sequences from 66 + +vigilax + +females from +Australia +and +New Caledonia +to test the validity of the Carpentaria Barrier, which is one of “a number of important biogeographical barriers [that] have been identified and are thought to have played a pivotal role in speciation events of Australian fauna...”. Aside from partially answering in the affirmative, their primary question concerning the influence of past patterns of change having resulted in the Carpentaria Barrier, they stated that “Within +Ae +. + +vigilax + +we have identified three distinct and divergent lineages that may well represent cryptic species. Sequence divergence between the three distinct lineages of +Ae +. + +vigilax + +was higher than between other + +Aedes +species + +(Cook +et al +., 2005). Furthermore, total genetic divergence within the +COI +barcoding region was 4.23%, which is higher than the cutoff suggested by proponents of DNA barcoding ( + +Hebert +et al +., 2003 + +).” We think this is clear indication of three species, two of which are sympatric in eastern +Australia +(Clades II and III of + +Puslednik +et al. +2012 + +). Specimens of Clade III were from eastern and +western Australia +and those of Clades II and III were found in sympatry near the +type +localities of nominotypical + +vigilax + +. The third taxon, Clade I, was found in +New Caledonia +, nearly +1,400 km +from the Australian mainland. + + +The results of + +Puslednik +et al. +(2012) + +raise many questions, such as: What are the distributions of Clades II and III outside of +Australia +? Does Clade II or Clade III correspond to + +vigilax +sensu stricto + +? To which clade(s) do the three current synonyms correspond?— + +Culex marinus +Theobald, 1901a + +(eastern +Australia +), + +Culicelsa pseudovigilax +Theobald, 1907 + +(eastern +Australia +) or + +Culicelsa uniformis +Strickland, 1911 + +( +western Australia +). The +type +specimens of the three synonyms are in the Natural History Museum, London. In addition, an older name, + +Culex albirostris +Macquart, 1850 + +(eastern +Australia +), was suppressed by the +International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1972 +, Opinion 979, and is available to represent one of the two clades, as long as it is not + +vigilax +sensu stricto + +. The +type +of + +albirostris + +is in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris. And lastly, does Clade I already have a name, or is it undescribed? Answers to these questions could be possible with further molecular analyses. + + +Subspecies + +ludlowae + +(replacement name for + +Culex annulifera +Ludlow, 1903 + +, not + +Culex annuliferus +Blanchard, 1852 + +) was described as a species from the +Philippines +. Ludlow stated: “The female was described from a lot (28) [a “lot” apparently means “many specimens”], all females, sent... from Mangarin, Mindoro: the males from a lot (234)... from +Dagupan +, +Pangasinan +, Luzon.” A female +lectotype +of + +annulifera + +was designated by +Knight & Hull (1951) +and is in the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C.. + + +Regarding + +ludlowae +, +Knight & Hull (1951) + +stated: “Not known from outside the +Philippines +.” “DISCUSSION: The Philippine form is treated here as a distinct subspecies of + +vigilax +(Skuse) + +on the basis of the scaling of ppn [postpronotum] in the female. In + +v. vigilax + +this area [postpronotum] is covered with flat-lying slightly elongate broad scales; except for a fringe of narrow dark scales dorsally. The broad scales are dark except for a small ventral posterior patch of pale ones. The +type +of + +v. vigilax + +has not been seen by us, but the +types +of the synonyms + +uniformis +Strickland + +[ +type +locality: Perth, +Western Australia +] (female) and + +marinus +(Theobald) + +[Queensland] (male, female), which are in the British Museum, have been.” + + +Since + +ludlowae + +is only found in the +Philippines +and it has a distinctive postpronotal scale pattern, we believe this is evidence of genetic isolation. Because of these factors (morphology and distribution) we think + +ludlowae + +merits return to its original species status: + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +ludlowae +( +Blanchard, 1905 +) + + +. + +Aedes ludlowae + +is not currently included as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life and should be added to the list of species of the genus. + + +Subspecies + +vansomerenae +Mattingly, 1955 + +(in +Mattingly & Brown 1955 +) was described from “a +holotype +♁ +and +allotype + +♀ + +from Anse Lascar, Silhouette I....3 +♁ +and + +4 +♀ + +paratypes +with the same data as the +holotype +and 2 +♁ +and + +1 +♀ + +paratypes +from Dennis I. ...”. This differs somewhat from what +Townsend (1990) +found in the Natural History Museum, London: “ +Holotype +male [Pe on slide] ‒ +Seychelles +: Silhouette I., Anse Lascar. +Paratypes +(17) ‒ +Seychelles +: +5 male +, +6 female +, +6L. +” “Pe & Le of some +paratypes +in alcohol.” + + +Mattingly prefaced his description of + +vansomerenae + +as follows: “Adults of this subspecies differ from +type +form +Aë. + +vigilax +Skuse + +... and from + +ssp. +ludlowae +(Blanch.) + +... in having a greater proportion of the scales on the posterior pronotum [postpronotum] pale, in the presence of strongly developed lateral prolongations of the pale tergal bands on the abdomen of the male and in not having the terminal appendage of the male claspette hooked. The larva differs in usually having more branches in the antennal tuft [seta 1-A], in having more teeth in the mentum [dorsomentum] and, apparently, in having the comb spines [scales] more delicately fringed with less tendency to thickening of the median denticle. The males also differ from the description of + +ssp. +ludlowae + +given by Knight & Hull in having the lateral patches of broad pale scales on the vertex narrowly interrupted by dark scales. A similar condition is, however, shown by a male of + +ssp. +ludlowae + +, from +Manila +, in the British Museum. The present form differs from Knight & Hull’s description of the +Philippines +subspecies in usually having 6 instead of 3–4 bristles [setae] on each lobe of the male ninth tergite [tergum IX].” + + +Additionally, in his description: “Posterior pronotum [postpronotum] with a conspicuous patch of broad white or whitish scales posteriorly and ventrally, rather smaller flat blackish scales forming a patch in the middle and narrow golden scales along the upper margin.” And for the larva, Mattingly noted that “Mouth brushes [palatal brushes] with serrated teeth of inner bristles [filaments] very strongly developed.” This is a character not mentioned in other descriptions of + +vigilax +sensu lato + +. + + +The above comparisons by Mattingly, along with the at least +5,000 km +of distance to the nearest member of the +Empihals +Group ( +sensu + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +), lead us to conclude that + +vansomerenae + +is a distinct and independently evolving species, and is raised here to specific rank: + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +vansomerenae +Mattingly, 1955 + + +. The proximity to +Madagascar +even suggests that it might be more related to species in that region, rather than to the other species discussed here. + +Aedes vansomerenae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Aedes vigilax + +has three synonyms, which we retain: + +Culex marinus +Theobald, 1901a + +, + +Culicelsa pseudovigilax +Theobald, 1907 + +and + +Culicelsa uniformis +Strickland, 1911 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1A0A7DFF54FC25FE1A5F08.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1A0A7DFF54FC25FE1A5F08.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1cad426b9e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1A0A7DFF54FC25FE1A5F08.xml @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +spencerii +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +idahoensis +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +—original combination: + +Grabhamia spencerii +var. +idahoensis + +(subspecific status by +Nielsen & Rees 1959 +). Distribution: +Canada +, +United States +(continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +spencerii +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + +—original combination: + +Culex spencerii + +. Distribution: +Canada +, +Mexico +, +United States +(continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Aedes spencerii + +was described, originally as a species of + +Culex + +, from +four adult +females collected in +Manitoba Province +of +Canada +, two from Stony Mountain, the type locality based on +lectotype +selection by Belkin (1968), and two from St. Boniface ( +Theobald 1901c +). Theobald provided a color illustration of the adult female in dorsal aspect ( +Theobald 1901a +[plates]): fig. 104, pl. XXVI), which shows the pattern of dark tergal scaling typical of subspecies + +spencerii + +: “Abdomen covered with creamy and white scales, with large, black-scaled patches on each side of the middle line” ( +Theobald 1901c +). + + +Subspecies + +idahoensis + +was originally described as a variety of + +spencerii + +based on an unspecified number of females collected at Market Lake, +Idaho +, +United States +( +Theobald 1903a +); however, Townson (1990) reported the presence of +two syntype females +in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. Theobald indicated that + +idahoensis + +only differed from the typical form in “abdominal ornamentation”, which he described as “Abdominal basal bands almost white, broad apical bands yellowish-white to white, very narrow, almost obliterated on some segments; the abdomen not pale at the sides, so that only broad basal and narrow apical pale areas are shown, the two apical segments are mostly pale scaled, and there are scattered pale scales on the others.” In contrast, + +idahoensis + +has traditionally been characterized as having dark-scaled abdominal terga with white transverse basal bands (see references listed below). + + +Seven +COI +sequences for + +Ae. +spencerii + +are registered in GenBank, three from +Saskatchewan Province +, +Canada +(KR444402, 596 bp; KR443924, 551 bp; and KR440309, 596 bp); two from +Manitoba Province +, +Canada +(KF535006, 658 bp and KF535007, 658 bp); one from +Utah State +, +USA +(JX260472, 213 bp); and one from +Colorado +, +USA +(JX259672, 658 bp). BLAST comparison of sequences revealed that two of the sequences from Saskatchewan (KR444402 and KR440309) and the sequence from +Colorado +(JX259672) are identical, and the 551 bp of the third sequence from Saskatchewan (KR443924) is 99.82% similar to the corresponding segments of those three sequences. Additionally, a 589-bp sequence from Saskatchewan identified as “ + +Aedes +sp. + +BOLD-2016” is 98.13% similar. The sequence from +Utah +(JX260472, 213 bp) was too short to obtain a meaningful comparison, and the two sequences from Manitoba were apparently obtained from misidentified specimens: KF535006 is identical with 11 +COI +sequences of + +Ae. +dorsalis + +and KF535007 is 99.39% similar to a +COI +sequence from Alberta (KP047935) identified as “ +Culicidae +sp. BOLD:AAD7982”. No DNA sequences are available for specimens identified as subspecies + +idahoensis + +. + + +Ward (1984 +, +1992 +) and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +were apparently not aware that + +Wood +et al +. (1979) + +had synonymized + +idahoensis + +with + +spencerii + +, with the following explanation: “The status of + +idahoensis + +has not been satisfactorily resolved. A few females in the Canadian National Collection have the characteristic abdominal pattern of + +idahoensis + +, but there are no males or larvae in the collection. According to +Carpenter and LaCasse (1955) +, larvae of + +idahoensis + +have comb scales (13–29 instead of +7–13 in + +spencerii + +), and each scale has a less pronounced apical spine. Males of the two species were not separated. +Nielsen and Rees (1959) +found ‘almost every degree of variation’ between the typical female abdominal pattern of + +idahoensis + +and that of + +spencerii + +in +Utah +, +Montana +, and +Wyoming +. Furthermore, they cited three other authors who described similar variations in + +spencerii + +. They concluded that + +idahoensis + +was a more southerly subspecies of + +spencerii + +and that a zone of integration occurred in the three states previously mentioned. Until detailed biological or genetical studies resolve the status of + +idahoensis + +, we have no choice but to consider it a synonym of + +spencerii + +.” + + +Darsie & Ward (1981 +, +2005 +) continued to recognize the two nominal forms as subspecies, stating in 1981: “Following Nielsen and Rees (338) [number of the article in the list of references cited] we recognize two subspecies under +Ae. + +spencerii +(Theobald) + +, the typical subspecies which inhabits the central plains of North America, and subspecies + +idahoensis +(Theobald) + +, a more westerly and northwesterly form, also reported from southern +British Columbia +(135).” Based on published records, Darsie & Ward showed that the distributions of the two subspecies overlap in Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota and Wyoming. They indicated that only + +idahoensis + +was known to occur in Colorado; thus, the +COI +sequence in GenBank (JX259672) of the specimen from Colorado identified as + +spencerii +sensu stricto + +suggests that either both subspecies occur in the state or + +idahoensis + +is conspecific with the typical form that occurs in +Canada +. More specimens and study are needed to resolve this question. + + +It is interesting to note that + +idahoensis + +, originally described as a variety of + +spencerii + +, has been regarded as a distinct species ( +Dyar & Knab 1908 +; +Dyar 1917b +; +Dyar 1928 +; +Edwards 1932a +; Gjullin 1937; Rees 1943; +Yamaguti & LaCasse 1951 +d; +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +), a synonym ( +Pratt 1956 +; + +Wood +et al +. 1979 + +) and a subspecies ( +Nielsen & Rees 1959 +; +Smith 1966 +; +Myers 1967 +; +Darsie & Ward 1981 +, +2005 +). In as much as + +idahoensis + +is apparently morphologically distinct in the adult and larval stages ( +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +; +Darsie & Ward 1981 +, +2005 +) in areas southward and westward of an area of overlap or a zone of introgression with + +spencerii + +in +Montana +, +Nebraska +, +North Dakota +, +South Dakota +and +Wyoming +, we believe it is prudent to recognize it as a separate species, pending a comprehensive morphological and genetic analysis of specimens from throughout the distributions of the two forms: + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +idahoensis +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + + +. + +Aedes idahoensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1C0A65FF54FDBAFE035B60.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1C0A65FF54FDBAFE035B60.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84f49f468e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1C0A65FF54FDBAFE035B60.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +aegypti +(Linnaeus) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +aegypti +( +Linnaeus, 1762 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex aegypti + +. Distribution: Worldwide tropics and subtropics ( +Mattingly 1957b +; +Huang 2004 +; + +Powell +et al. +2018 + +; + +Soghigian +et al. +2020 + +) [see postscript note regarding current nomenclature]. + + +subspecies + +formosus +( +Walker, 1848 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex formosus + +(subspecific status by +Mattingly 1957b +). Distribution: Sub-Saharan Africa ( +Mattingly 1957b +; +Huang 2004 +; + +Powell +et al. +2018 + +; + +Soghigian +et al. +2020 + +). + + + + +It is apropos here to reiterate what we advocated in the Introduction, +i.e. +we follow the definitions of species and subspecies of +de Queiroz (1998 +, +1999 +, +2005a +, +2005b +, +2007 +, +2020 +, +2021 +). Herewith, a brief taxonomic conspectus of +Ae +. + +aegypti aegypti + +and +Ae +. + +aegypti +formosus + +is provided, followed by some examples of how + +formosus + +fits as an incompletely separated lineage. + + + +Aedes aegypti aegypti + +and +Ae +. + +aegypti +formosus + +are members of the Aegypti Group ( +Huang 2004 +), which also includes +Ae +. + +mascarensis +( +MacGregor, 1924 +) + +, +type +locality +Mauritius +, an island nation in the Indian Ocean located about +800 km +east of +Madagascar +, and +Ae +. + +pia +Le Goff & Robert, 2013 + +(in + +Le Goff +et al +. 2013 + +), +type +locality +Mayotte +, officially the Department of +Mayotte +, an Overseas Department of +France +in the Comoro Archipelago in the Indian Ocean located between +Madagascar +and +Mozambique +. + + +Using three molecular datasets, + +Soghigian +et al. +(2020) + +“found that: (a) the Aegypti Group diverged 16 MYA (95% HPD: 7–28 MYA) from its nearest African/Asian ancestor; (b) SWIO [Southwest Indian Ocean] populations of +Ae +. + +aegypti + +are basal to continental African populations; (c) after diverging 7 MYA (95% HPD: 4–15 MYA) from its nearest formally described relative ( +Ae +. + +mascarensis + +), +Ae +. + +aegypti + +moved to continental Africa less than 85,000 years ago, where it recently (<1,000 years ago) split into two recognized subspecies, +Ae +. + +aegypti +formosus + +and a human commensal, +Ae +. + +aegypti aegypti + +...”. The latter invaded the New World about 500 years ago via ships involved in the slave trade, and from there it invaded Asia about 150 years ago ( + +Gloria-Soria +et al +. 2016 + +). Soghigian +et al. +also noted that “ +Ae +. + +pia + +is clearly the most distantly related and thus serves as an outgroup in [their] later analyses.” They also refer to +Ae +. + +aegypti + +in +Madagascar +as ‘ + +aegypti + +’ +Madagascar +due to its large genetic distance from global + +aegypti +sensu stricto + +and +Ae +. + +mascarensis + +from +Mauritius +. + + +Mattingly (1957b) +considered three forms of + +aegypti +sensu lato + +. + + +1. + +A +. +aegypti + +sens. str., the +type +form [worldwide tropics]. This form is variable in depth of colour but always either distinctly paler and browner (at least in the female) than the blackish African subspecies which is next described, or with pale scaling on the first abdominal tergite [terga], or both. In the +type +form extensions of pale scaling, if any, are limited either to bleaching of the two dark areas on the back of the head, or to the presence of pale scaling on the first abdominal tergite, or to both in combination. + + +2. + +A +. +aegypti +ssp. +formosus +(Walker) + +[presumably retrieved from synonymy with + +aegypti + +in this cited publication]. This is a geographically representative form confined to Africa south of the Sahara, where it is the only form known to occur, except in coastal districts and in one or two areas of limited inland penetration. It is therefore designated as a subspecies. The name + +formosus + +was the first to be applied to any form occurring in the area ( +Walker, 1848 +). The +type +, a female from +Sierra Leone +, is in the British Museum. It is in poor condition but there is nothing about either it or Walker’s description which would suggest either of the paler forms [the +type +form, above, and +queenslandensis +, below]. This subspecies differs from the +type +form in the markedly blackish appearance of the dark areas of the thorax and abdomen and in entirely lacking any bleaching or extension of pale scaling on any part of the body. It never has any pale scales on the first abdominal tergite. + + +A third form discussed by Mattingly, + +A. aegypti +var. +queenslandensis +Theobald, 1901a + +[as + +Stegomyia fasciata + +variety] was later synonymized with + +aegypti +sensu stricto + +by +Huang (1979) +and shown to be genetically indistinguishable from nominotypical + +aegypti + +in +Australia +( + +Rašić +et al +. 2016 + +). + + +It is hypothesized that nominotypical + +aegypti + +evolved in sub-Saharan Africa from a forest species utilizing natural containers for larval development, and then diverged into two forms, one remaining adapted to forest habitats ( + +Aedes aegypti formosus + +) and the other adapted to primarily seek human hosts and to utilize artificial containers provided by humans ( + +Aedes aegypti aegypti + +). Significantly, + +McBride +et al. +(2014) + +found a genetic change in an odorant receptor responsible for the change to a preference for human blood. + + +A few examples of differences between + +aegypti + +and + +formosus + +follow, many demonstrating incomplete lineage separation. Note that most work comparing + +aegypti + +and + +formosus + +in Africa has been carried out in East Africa, while the +type +locality of + +formosus + +is in West Africa ( +Sierra Leone +). Also note that despite the medical importance of + +aegypti + +and + +formosus + +, morphological studies of all stages have only been carried out on the invasive form in the New World and Asia. No detailed comparisons, other than documentation of adult abdominal markings, have been done for larvae and pupae of African + +aegypti + +or + +formosus + +, and therefore there are no comparisons with populations outside of Africa either. + + +McClelland (1974) +scored pale abdominal markings of +Ae +. + +aegypti +sensu lato + +worldwide in relation to biology using an artificial “paleness” scoring scheme. He found continuous intra- and interpopulation variation and determined that identification was not reliable using abdominal markings, +i.e. +there were discernible but no discrete groupings. He pointed out that part of the problem of correlating markings with habitat was imprecise terminology, and gave the example of “The same population of mosquitoes regarded as ‘feral’ when breeding in a forest would become ‘peridomestic’ if it persisted after a human settlement arose in the forest and ‘urban’ if the village grew to a town.” He then provided a list of what he considered to be more usable terms. In conclusion he stated: “I would venture further that + +A. aegypti + +comprises two species or incipient species. The pale or synanthropic species competitively excludes the dark or feral species from habitats where water and man are continuously present. The reverse occurs in habitats where most breeding sites are filled naturally by rainfall.” + + +Scott & McClelland (1975) +, using starch gel electrophoresis and specimens from eastern +Kenya +, stated: “The indoor and outdoor ecotypes differed considerably at three loci.” In the laboratory, caged indoor and outdoor ecotypes mated freely, but they stated: “We have demonstrated partial reproductive isolation between them; therefore, what we are calling two ‘ecotypes’ may actually be incipient species, partially isolated by habitat selection.” + + + +Paterson +et al. +(1976) + +concurred with +Scott& McClelland (1975) +,stating that “the data on the alkaline phosphatase and protein loci... are sufficient to eliminate the possibility that we are dealing with a single polymorphic species. In fact, the data for these two loci provide strong evidence for the existence of positive assortative mating in the field, thus supporting the view that they are distinct genetic species.” + + +Moore (1979) +, based solely on laboratory crossing experiments, determined that data for + +aegypti + +and + +formosus + +from +Kenya +were “consistent with the contention that + +Aedes aegypti + +is a single polytypic species.” We note that laboratory mating experiments with closely related, perhaps currently diverging species, probably do not reflect what is happening in nature. + + + +Tabachnick +et al. +(1979) + +, in a larger study of + +aegypti + +and + +formosus + +, also using starch gel electrophoresis and specimens from (eastern) +Kenya +, were ambiguous in their judgement of the status of the two forms. They stated: “The results suggest that gene flow between the two forms is restricted. None of the loci examined in this study provided evidence for the complete absence of gene flow between forms. We feel that, at present, the two forms can still be thought of as members of the same polytypic species. However, due to the distinct behavioral differences characteristic of each, and the evidence for restricted gene flow, speciation may be a likely eventuality.” + + +Lounibos (1981) +studied the larval ecologies of mosquito species at two sites near the Kenyan coast (Rabai Location, +Kilifi District +and Shimba Hills National Park, +Kwale District +). + +Aedes aegypti + +larvae [ +sensu lato +] were found in cultivated and ecotonal macrohabitats, predominantly in large tree holes and bamboo. Lounibos also noted that 96% of the +Ae +. + +aegypti + +collected for his study of tree holes and other natural containers corresponded to the morphologically dark subspecies + +formosus + +, as characterized by +Mattingly (1957b) +. Most research on the two nominal taxa has been carried out on East African populations. In one study, in contrast to discrete local partitioning of the two forms in +Kenya +, + +Sylla +et al. +(2009) + +, working in +Senegal +in West Africa, found a clear northwest to southeast cline in change in the proportions of individuals fitting the concept of + +aegypti + +versus + +formosus + +—in the northwest significantly more + +aegypti + +, in the southeast many more + +formosus + +. Vector competence measures also followed this cline but molecular genetic measures did not. The authors, however, pointed out many uncontrolled variables in the relatively small study. + + + +Jupp +et al +. (1991) + +concluded “that in +South Africa +, +Ae +. + +aegypti + +is a single polymorphic species showing a considerable amount of variation in the degree of white scaling on the first two abdominal tergites [terga]. The presence of some rural sylvan non-anthropophilic populations in our country... might, however, indicate incipient speciation.” + + + +Brown +et al. +(2011) + +used polymorphic microsatellite markers to test worldwide populations. They “identified two distinct genetic clusters: one included all domestic populations outside of Africa and the other included both domestic and forest populations within Africa. This suggests that human association in Africa occurred independently from that in domestic populations across the rest of the world. …Interestingly, two forms identified as subspecies + +aegypti + +and + +formosus + +were shown to coexist in a few places along the coast of East Africa, including the Rabai district of +Kenya +... where the former bred inside homes in villages and the latter bred in surrounding forests.” Three years later, + +Brown +et al +. (2014) + +“used DNA sequences of four nuclear genes and 1504 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers developed with restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing to test the hypothesis that +Ae +. + +aegypti + +originated in Africa, where a domestic form arose and spread throughout the tropical and subtropical world with human trade and movement.” + + +In +Sudan +, + +Abuelmaali +et al. +(2021) + +and + +Elnour +et al. +(2022) + +both reported geographically separated populations of + +a. +formosus + +(in the west) and + +a. aegypti + +(in the east). + +Elnour +et al. +(2022) + +wrote that “Analysis supports a scenario in which +Ae +. + +aegypti + +entered +Sudan +on at least two independent occasions nearly 70–80 years ago.” We think this raises the possibility of interesting scenarios as + +aegypti + +reinvades localities in Africa. For example, if + +a. +formosus + +evolved into a proto- + +a. aegypti + +and then into + +a. aegypti + +(see + +Powell +et al +. 2018 + +), which then invaded the rest of the world, where is + +a. aegypti + +in Africa and how is it evolving in relation to the invasive + +a. aegypti + +in the rest of the world? +Powell & Tabachnick (2013) +stated that + +a. aegypti + +, as it occurs in the New World, is not known in West Africa today, except perhaps as a reintroduction into ports ( + +Brown +et al +. 2011 + +). + + +We think there is abundant evidence concordant with the subspecies concept of +de Queiroz (2020) +to hereby elevate + +formosus + +to its original specific status: + + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +formosus +( +Walker, 1848 +) + + +. + +Aedes formosus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +The following nominal forms are currently listed as synonyms of + +Aedes aegypti + +in + +Wilkerson +et al. +(2021) + +. Many will remain in doubt until existing +types +are examined to see if any correspond to + +Ae. +formosus + +. Some of these are probably from a now extinct Mediterranean (North African, European) distribution of what was thought to be reintroduced + +Ae. +aegypti + +from the New World ( + +Powell +et al +. 2018 + +). There are also New World synonyms, which are probably + +Ae. +aegypti + +, but verification is needed since it is possible that +Ae +. + +formosus + +is present in the New World. Given the unusual biogeography of the +Madagascar +area, and predictions of undescribed taxa by + +Soghigian +et al. +(2020) + +, synonyms from +Madagascar +and +Mauritius +also require further scrutiny. African synonyms could potentially be +Ae. agypti +or + +Ae. +formosus + +. + + +Unless otherwise indicated, * = Mediterranean, +† += New World, ++ += +Madagascar +and +Mauritius +and +# += Africa in the following list of current synonyms of + +Aedes aegypti + +: * + +Culex argenteus +Poiret, 1787 + +; +† + +Culex fasciatus +Fabricius, 1805 + +; * + +Culex calopus +Meigen, 1818 + +; +† + +Culex mosquito +Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827 + +; +† + +Culex frater +Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827 + +; +† + +Culex taeniatus +Wiedemann, 1828 + +; * + +Culex sugens +Wiedemann, 1828 + +; * + +Culex kounoupi +Brullé, 1833 + +; +† + +Culex toxorhynchus +Macquart, 1838 + +a; * + +Culex annulitarsis +Macquart, 1846 + +a; locality not known, + +Culex viridifrons +Walker, 1848 + +; +† + +Culex excitans +Walker, 1848 + +; +# + +Culex inexorabilis +Walker, 1848 + +(could be + +aegypti + +or + +formosus + +); +† + +Culex exagitans +Walker, 1856 + +a; ++ + +Culex insatiabilis +Bigot, 1959 + +; +Australia +, + +Culex bancrofti +Skuse, 1889 + +; * + +Culex elegans +Ficalbi, 1890b + +; +India +, + +Culex rossi +Giles, 1899 + +; +Australia +, + +Stegomyia fasciata +var. +queenslandensis + +; +Theobald, 1901a +; +† + +Stegomyia fasciata +var. +luciensis +Theobald, 1901a + +; +# + +Stegomyia nigeria +Theobald, 1901a + +(could be + +aegypti + +or + +formosus + +); + ++ + + +Stegomyia lamberti +Ventrillon, 1904 + +; Canary Islands, + +Stegomyia calopus +var. +canariensis +Pittaluga, 1905 + +; +Philippines +, + +Stegomyia fasciata +ssp. +persistans +Banks, 1906b + +; Tenerife, Canary Islands, + +Culex anguste +-alatus + +Becker, 1908; Tenerife, Canary Islands, + +Culex albopalposus +Becker, 1908 + +; +Philippines +, + +Duttonia alboannulis +Ludlow, 1911b + +; +Australia +, + +Mimeteomyia pulcherrima +Taylor, 1919 + +; +# + +Stegomyia fasciata +var. +atritarsis +Edwards, 1920 + +a. + + +Note +. An explanation of the complex nomenclatural history of the nominotypical subspecies is beyond the scope of this treatment. In summary, in the interests of nomenclatural stability, Mattingly +et al. +(1962) petitioned the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) to fix the name + +Aedes +( +Stegomyia +) +aegypti +( +Linnaeus, 1762 +) + +with designation of a +neotype +from +Kuala Lumpur +, +Selangor +, +Malaya +[ +Malaysia +]. The petition was validated in ICZN Opinion 711 (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1964). See Clements & +Harbach (2018) +for an alternative perspective. Since we now know that the nominotypical form is an invasive species that was restricted to sub-Saharan Africa until only about 500 years ago, we think that the choice of +Malaysia +for the +neotype +and type locality, with an even more recent history of invasion than the initial movement to the New World, is problematic. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A78FF54F9AFFC585BD4.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A78FF54F9AFFC585BD4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5bf24bf834 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A78FF54F9AFFC585BD4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,332 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Rusticoidus +) +rusticus +(Rossi) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +rusticus +( +Rossi, 1790 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex rusticus + +. Distribution: +Albania +, +Algeria +, +Austria +, +Belgium +, +Bulgaria +, Crimean Peninsula, +Croatia +, +Czech Republic +, +Denmark +, +Estonia +? (see + +Kirik +et al +. 2022 + +), +France +, Macedonia, +Germany +, +Greece +, +Hungary +, +Ireland +, +Italy +, +Latvia +, +Lithuania +, +Luxembourg +, +Montenegro +, +Morocco +, +Netherlands +, +Poland +, +Portugal +, +Serbia +, +Slovakia +, +Spain +, +Sweden +, +Switzerland +, +Turkey +, +Ukraine +, +United Kingdom +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, excluding +Norway +, see +Mehl 1996 +). + + +subspecies + +subtrichurus +Martini, 1927 + +—original combination: + +Aedes subtrichurus + +(varietal status by +Edwards 1932a +; subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Turkey +( +Martini 1927 +). + + + + +Martini (1927) +originally described + +subtrichurus + +as a distinct species of + +Aedes + +, but later ( +Martini 1931a +) considered it to be a variety of +Ae. + +diversus +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + +. It became a variety of + +Ae. +rusticus + +when + +diversus + +was synonymized with that species ( +Edwards 1932a +). +Harbach & Howard (2007) +recognized + +subtrichurus + +as a subspecies of + +Ae. +rusticus + +because it was originally proposed as the valid name of a species, per Article 45.6.4.1 of the +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +. +Martini (1927) +described + +Ae. +subtrichurus + +based on specimens from the eastern end of the +Gulf +of +Izmit +(spelled as Ismid), located at the easternmost edge of the Sea of Marmara. Because this is the only record of + +subtrichurus + +, the locality lies within the wide distribution of + +Ae. +rusticus + +and it is based merely on minor morphological differences, + +Aedes subtrichurus +Martini, 1927 + +is hereby formally regarded as a synonym: + + +subtrichurus +Martini, 1927 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Rusticoidus +) +rusticus +( +Rossi, 1790 +) + + +. Consequently, “ + +Aedes subtrichurus + +” should be removed from the list of species of + +Aedes + +in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +With the synonymy of + +subtrichurus +, +Ae. + + +rusticus + +now includes seven junior synonyms. The previously recognized synonyms include + +Culex maculatus +Meigen, 1804 + +, + +Cx. musicus +Leach, 1825 + +, + +Cx. pungens +Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827 + +, + +Cx. quadratimaculatus +Macquart, 1834 + +, + +Cx. diversus +Theobald, 1901c + +and + +Cx. nemorosus +var. +luteovittata +Theobald, 1901c + +, all of which have +type +localities in Europe. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FC82FCB55FB0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FC82FCB55FB0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f86b816e1df --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FC82FCB55FB0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Rampamyia +) +notoscriptus +(Skuse) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +montanus +Brug, 1939 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Finlaya +) +notoscriptus +var. +montana + +[ +sic +] (subgeneric status by + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +). Distribution: +Indonesia +( +Java +) ( +Brug 1939 +). + + +subspecies + +notoscriptus +( +Skuse, 1889 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex notoscriptus + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Indonesia +( +Moluccas +, Western New +Guinea +), +New Caledonia +, +New Zealand +, +Papua New Guinea +, +Solomon Islands +, +United States +(continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, +Philippines +record unverified). + + + + +Brug (1939) +described + +montanus + +as a variety of + +Aedes notoscriptus + +and + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +treated it as a subspecies of + +notoscriptus + +. The two forms are widely allopatric. The typical form is restricted to the Australasian Region whereas + +montanus + +is only know from its +type +locality in western +Java +, which lies within the Oriental Region. +Brug (1939) +noted that he was greatly surprised “to find a specimen of + +A. notoscriptus +(Skuse) + +when rearing larvae found in Lembang, +Java +” because “this species was considered to be truly Australian, not being found further westward than in Saparoea, a small island near Ceram ( +Moluccas +).” The specimen, a male, differs from the typical form in having a much shorter and distally narrowed white stripe on the hindtibia, a longer gonostylus, the claspette with a longer filament and longer setae at the base of the claspette stem, and sternum IX with a different number of setae. Based on its allopatric distribution and morphological distinctions, + +montanus + +is undoubtedly a distinct species, which is hereby formally elevated to specific status: + + +Aedes +( +Rampamyia +) +montanus +Brug, 1939 + + +. + +Aedes montanus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FF38FE1A58D9.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FF38FE1A58D9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b6969c853a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1D0A79FF54FF38FE1A58D9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Pseudarmigeres +) +michaelikati +van Someren + + + + + + + +subspecies + +gurneri +van Someren, 1946a + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Dunnius +) +michaelikati gurneri + +. Distribution: +Democratic +Republic of the Congo, +Kenya +, +Tanzania +( +White 1980 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +michaelikati +van Someren, 1946a + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Dunnius +) +michaelikati + +. Distribution: +Kenya +, +Tanzania +( +White 1980 +). + + + + +These nominal taxa are poorly known. The typical form and subspecies + +gurneri + +were described in the same paper ( +van Someren 1946a +). Available data suggest that the former is restricted to coastal areas ( +type +locality near +Mombasa +, +Kenya +) whereas the latter ( +type +locality near Nairobi) has an inland distribution. The two forms are also morphologically distinct—the adults of + +gurneri + +are darker than those of + +michaelikati + +, there are no white scales on the maxillary palpi of either sex, abdominal terga V and (usually) VI of females lack basal white bands and the shape and armature of the male gonostylus are different. The larvae of the two forms have not been studied in detail, but they may be distinguished by the shape of seta 1-C, which is blunt-tipped in + +michaelikati + +and sharply pointed in + +gurneri + +. Based on apparent allopatry and morphological distinctions, + +gurneri + +is hereby formally recognized as a separate species: + + +Aedes gurneri + +( +van Someren, 1946a +) + +. + +Aedes gurneri + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FB86FD0D5D6E.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FB86FD0D5D6E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f98bae5327 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FB86FD0D5D6E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,262 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Pseudarmigeres +) +argenteoventralis +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +argenteoventralis +( +Theobald, 1909 +) + +—original combination: + +Dendromyia argenteoventralis + +. Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Ghana +, +Liberia +, +Nigeria +, +Sierra Leone +, +Togo +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies +dunni +Evans, 1928 +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Armigeres +) +albomarginata +var. +dunni + +(subspecific status by +White +1975). Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. + + + + +Theobald (1909) +described and named + +Dendromyia argenteoventralis + +based on females collected in present-day +Ghana +, characterized by a moderately broad border of white scales on the anterior margin of the scutum. A form later found in +Nigeria +and described as + +Aedes albomarginata + + +[ +sic +] var. +dunni + +by +Evans (1928) +was considered to be a variety of + +Ae. +argenteoventralis + +by +Edwards (1930) +(afforded subspecific status by +White 1975 +) that differs from the typical form in having few or no white scales on the anterior margin of the scutum. As noted by +Edwards (1930 +, +1941 +), the male genitalia of the two forms appear to be identical. Whereas the larva and pupa of +dunni +have been described ( +Evans 1938 +; +Hopkins 1952 +; +Edwards 1941 +), these life stages of the typical form are unknown. Based on the known distributions of the two forms, with the typical form recorded from the +Central African Republic +, which is bordered by +Nigeria +to the west and +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +to the south where +dunni +is recorded, it is probable that the two forms occur in sympatry and the amount of white scaling on the anterior margin of the scutum is normal variation within a single species. Consequently, + +Aedes albomarginatus +var. +dunni +Evans, 1928 + +is hereby formally regarded as a synonym: + +dunni +Evans, 1928 +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Pseudarmigeres +) +argenteoventralis +( +Theobald, 1909 +) + + +. This agrees with the Encyclopedia of Life, which does not list +dunni +as a species. + + +In addition to +dunni +( +type +locality: +Lagos +, +Nigeria +), + +Dendromyia affinis +Theobald, 1909 + +is also a recognized synonym of + +Ae. +argenteoventralis + +. The +type +locality of + +Dendromyia affinis +, Obuasi + +, +Ashanti Region +of +Ghana +, is also the +type +locality of + +Ae. +argenteoventralis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FEC1FA9659D2.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FEC1FA9659D2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db7b3dca7af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA1E0A7AFF54FEC1FA9659D2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Phagomyia +) +gubernatoris +(Giles) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +gubernatoris +( +Giles, 1901a +) + +—original combination: + +Culex gubernatoris + +. Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +India +, +Nepal +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Sri Lanka +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, incorrectly listed from +Thailand +). + + +subspecies +kotiensis +Barraud, 1934 +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Finlaya +) +gubernatoris +var. +kotiensis + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +India +(Western Himalayas) ( +Barraud 1934 +). + + + + +Barraud (1934) +described and named +kotiensis +as a variety of + +gubernatoris + +based on larvae that differ in having shorter antennae and lateral palatal brush filaments with “comparatively very large teeth”; however, “adults resulting from these larvae appear to be indistinguishable from the type-form.” Information provided by Barraud indicates that the two forms may be allopatric. In the absence of features that distinguish the adults, the perceived larval distinctions may be associated with conditions that influence growth and development in the tree-hole habitats utilized by the larvae. Based on these observations, we believe that subspecies +kotiensis +is a morphological variant of + +Aedes gubernatoris + +, which we therefore formally recognize as a synonym: + +kotiensis +Barraud, 1934 +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Phagomyia +) +gubernatoris +( +Giles, 1901a +) + + +. This agrees with the Encyclopedia of Life, which does not list +kotiensis +as a species. + + +In addition to +kotiensis +, + +Ae. +gubernatoris + +has another synonym, + +Lepidotomyia magna +Theobald, 1905a + +, first recognized by +Barraud (1934) +, which we retain. All three nominal forms have +type +localities in +India +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA200A41FF54FA09FCD85B18.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA200A41FF54FA09FCD85B18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bce9ef5416d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA200A41FF54FA09FCD85B18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,563 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Bifidistylus +) +boneti +Gil Collado + + + + + + + +subspecies + +boneti +Gil Collado, 1936 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +boneti + +. Distribution: Known only from the +type +locality, +Isla +de Bioko ( +Fernando Po +), +Equatorial Guinea +( +Gil Collado 1936 +). + + +subspecies + +kumbae +Chwatt, 1948 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +boneti + +s.sp. + +kumbae + +. Distribution: +Republic of +Cameroon ( +Chwatt 1948 +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from a single male from Rebola, Bioko Island, +Equatorial Guinea +. The island has an area of +2,017 km +2 +and is +32 km +from the coast of +Cameroon +(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Bioko; accessed +7 April 2022 +). Gil Collado credited F. W. Edwards for identifying the species as new, stating: “I must tender my thanks to J. W. Edwards [ +sic +], who... examined the material... verifying my findings and alerting me to a new species of + +Aedimorphus + +, represented by a specimen it had been impossible for me to identify due to its somewhat deficient state of preservation [translated from the Spanish].” The male +holotype +is in the Museum, +Madrid +University School of Agriculture, +Madrid +, +Spain +. We used a published translation of the description from the Spanish along with the original article for this treatment. The description is detailed and accompanied by a drawing of a dorsal view of the head and appendages (antenna, maxillary palpus, proboscis) and a hindleg. The forelegs are not described, leaving the impression that they are missing. Damage to the specimen noted by the author included: “The scutellum has very wide whitish scales in its middle lobe, those from the sides [lateral lobes] having been removed... Anterior pronotum [antepronotum] has two groups of 5 to 6 bristles [setae]; the posterior [postpronotum], some 4, though in our specimen, they are somewhat destroyed…. Supra-alar scales are dark and numerous; those from the dorso-central area of our specimen have been torn off….” Our assumption is that characteristics of the cuticle (setae, scales, pollinosity, etc.) might be modified enough to render an accurate description problematical. Re-examination of the +holotype +is needed to be certain. Gil Collado also noted: “This species presents traits which closest approximate +lamborni +Edw. [the only other species now included in the subgenus + +Bifidistylus + +], in whose group they must be included because of their tarsal rings; however, in spite of the fact that the specimen’s [as in translation] hypopygium [genitalia] was destroyed in preparation, the coxa [gonocoxite] does not seem as pronounced as in that species...”. Gil Collado then compared + +boneti + +with +lamborni +Edwards, 1923a +. To our knowledge the +holotype +of + +boneti + +is the only known specimen of this species. However, given the intense study of + +Anopheles + +and malaria control on Bioko ( +e.g +. + +Cook +et al +. 2018 + +), it is not surprising that species of other genera might have been overlooked, with the exception of the relatively recent invasive + +Aedes albopictus +( +Skuse, 1895 +) ( + +Toto +et al +. 2003 + +) + +, and pest species of + +Culex + +( +e.g +. + +Fuseini +et al. +2019 + +). +Gil Collado (1936) +documented about 30 mosquito species on Bioko. All but + +Anopheles lloreti +Gil Collado, 1936 + +are also found on mainland Africa. The type of + +An +. +lloreti + +is perhaps the only specimen of this species as well. + + +An attribute that to us stands out as unique is paired spots of erect black scales on the vertex of the head. “Head with a broad vertical zone of narrow, reclining, white scales, among which numerous dark standing scales appear; on each side there is a rounded blotch of dark scales, which in turn, has a lateral region of white, narrow, reclining scales, and in the same posterior angle of the eyes there is a small dark spot.” These spots are not noted in +Ae. lamborni +, but they are present in subspecies + +kumbae + +. + + +Subspecies + +kumbae + +was described from Kumba, +British Cameroons +[ +Republic of Cameroon +] by +Chwatt (1948) +. The type localities of + +kumbae + +and the type form are +117 km +apart (determined by David Pecor on +04/07/2022 +, https:// arcg.is/CqOTz1) and, as stated above, the island and mainland are separated by +32 km +of ocean. The description and illustrations of + +kumbae + +are detailed and based on a series of specimens: +10 larvae +, three pupal exuviae and +two adult +males with dissected genitalia mounted with the associated pupal exuviae. Of these, +Townsend (1990) +found +two males +and +six larvae +in the Natural History Museum, London. +Chwatt (1948) +apparently relied on the description of the male of + +boneti + +to compare subspecies + +kumbae + +with + +boneti + +since there is no indication that he examined the +holotype +of + +boneti + +. +Hopkins (1952) +included + +boneti + +in a key but reproduced the description and larval illustration of subspecies + +kumbae + +to represent + +boneti + +. + + + +For purposes of comparison, therefore, we only have the descriptions of the adult male of each nominal form. The following are comments and characters that +Chwatt (1948) +used to justify giving + +kumbae + +subspecies status: “In Edwards’s (1941) key to the Ethiopian species of + +Aëdes + +the +two male +adults [the +two specimens +used to describe subspecies + +kumbae + +] would run down to + +A. boneti +Gil Collado + +, described in 1936 from a single damaged male captured on the Island of +Fernando Po +. The similarity between the +two adults +described above and the original description of + +A. boneti + +is considerable. Nevertheless, there are several notable differences―mainly the more extensive, rather differently shaped, dark scaling of the head, the pale (instead of golden) colour of the investiture of the mesonotum, the presence of prescutellar rows of scales, the scaling of the abdominal sternites [sterna], the presence of small pale apical spots on the dorsal surface of the femora, the presence of basal white spots on the costa, and the markings of the last hind tarsal segments.” We itemized the above characters and extracted text from the original descriptions of + +kumbae + +and + +boneti + +, +i.e. +from Gil Collado (1948) and Chwatt (1936), respectively, as follow + +. + +“...the more extensive, rather differently shaped, dark scaling of the head...”. + +— + +kumbae + +: “Occiput with two, dark, dorsolateral, conspicuous, oval or comma-shaped spots, formed by dark-brown upright forked scales. The remainder of the upright scales pale. Prominent dark-brown bare vertical area along the median suture [coronal suture].” [large dark spots illustrated] + + +— + +boneti + +: “Head with a broad vertica1 zone of narrow, reclining, white scales, among which numerous dark standing scales appear; on each side there is a rounded blotch of dark scales, which in turn, has a lateral region of white, narrow, reclining scales, and in the same posterior angle of the eyes there is a small dark spot.” [dorsolateral and lateral dark spots evident in the illustration] + +We do not interpret these two descriptions to be substantially different, in addition the illustrations of the heads are quite similar, especially the two large dark spots of erect scales. +“...the pale (instead of golden) colour of the investiture of the mesonotum [scutum]...”. + +— + +kumbae + +: “Mesonotum covered with a mixture of narrow, curved, dark-brown and pale scales...”. + + +— + +boneti + +: “Mesonotum, except for its anterior edge, has sparse gold scales mixed with wider black scales.” + +Pale scales versus sparse gold scales could be explained by differences in lighting used for the observations. +“...the presence of prescutellar rows of scales... ”. + +— + +kumbae + +: “...dark-brown and pale scales, the latter broader on the anterior and anterolateral borders [of the scutum] and broad and flat around the prescutellar bare area.” + + +— + +boneti + +: “In the middle region, in front of the scutellum, there are some white scales.” + +Neither description mentions rows of scales in front of the scutellum or provides a clear distinction between the two. +“...the scaling of the abdominal sternites [sterna]...”. + +— + +kumbae + +: “Sternites covered almost entirely with broad flat pale scales.” + + +— + +boneti +: Not + +noted. + +No applicable difference. +“...the presence of small pale apical spots on the dorsal surface of the femora...”. + +— + +kumbae + +: “Fore femora dark, with a paler basal ventral surface and a few white scales at the distal end of the dorsal surface; middle femora similar, with a rather more extensive pale ventral area; hind femora dark on the dorsal side, except for a white distal spot, mainly pale on the ventral side...”. + + +— + +boneti +: Forefemur + +not noted. “Legs II [midlegs]: femora with their anterior and dorsal surfaces dark, and the posterior surface completely pale at the base, this coloration narrowing progressively toward the apex, where there is only a single white ventral line…”. “Legs III [hindlegs] with predominantly white femora, and a narrow black dorsal strip, while the anterior face is peppered with abundant dark scales.” + + +The apical pale femoral spot in + +kumbae + +is described only for the hindfemur. The illustration of the hindleg of + +boneti + +does not show an apical spot. We think this remains ambiguous pending comparison of the +holotypes +of the two nominal forms. + + +“...the presence of basal white spots on the +Costa +... ”. + + +— + +kumbae + +: “Wings with scales dark and a small basal patch of pale scales on the lower and anterior surface of the costa.” + + +— + +boneti + +: “The wing scales are dark, and even blackish over C and R +1 +.” + +A few pale scales at the base of the costa can be variable. +“...and the markings of the last hind tarsal segments [which markings not stated].” + +— + +kumbae + +: “hind tarsi... first segment [tarsomere 1] dark, with an apical white band, second with one basal and one apical white band, the latter about twice the length of the former, third with one apical and one basal narrow band. The fourth tarsus [tarsomere 4] shows some variation: in +one specimen +it has a dark median band, while in the other the dark scales form only a narrow longitudinal line on the apical half of the lower surface. In both specimens the fifth tarsus [tarsomere 5] is white but has a similar dark line on the lower surface.” + + +— + +boneti + +: “The metatarsi [hindtarsomeres 1] are black, with bristles of the same color, and a white spot at their apices which is a little longer than their width. The 2nd article [tarsomere 2] has a narrow pale basal zone, and another at its apex which is two and a half times its thickness; the 3rd with an apical ring the same as the 2nd and one at the base which is a little greater than its diameter. The 4th is white with a middle dark zone of one fourth its total length, and the 5th, completely white.” [roughly matches the illustration of the hindleg] + +No defining differences are given. + +Chwatt (1948) +wrote: “This + +Aedimorphus + +is described here under the provisional name of + +A. boneti + +s.sp. + +kumbae + +. Should the still unknown larva of + +A. boneti + +prove to be different from the one described above, + +A. boneti + +s.sp. + +kumbae + +will have to be treated as a new species, + +A +. ( +Aedimorphus +) +kumbae + +.” Our interpretation is that when + +kumbae + +was described, no significant characters were given to distinguish the two nominal taxa, and we therefore treat + +kumbae + +is a synonym of + +boneti + +until proven otherwise: + + +kumbae +Chwatt, 1948 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Bifidistylus +) +boneti +Gil Collado, 1936 + + +. Should the larvae be found, the larva of + +kumbae + +possesses some potentially unique characteristics for diagnosis, such as an array of variously shaped spines on the siphon and a dense patch of comb scales. The nominal subspecies + +kumbae + +, which is listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, must be removed from the list of valid species of + +Aedes + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA210A44FF54FA41FE1A5F50.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA210A44FF54FA41FE1A5F50.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..89c5016255f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA210A44FF54FA41FE1A5F50.xml @@ -0,0 +1,411 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + +Subspecies + +nocturnus + + + + + + +Descriptions of subspecies + +nocturnus + +are very similar to descriptions of + +vexans + +, which has led to many different opinions concerning its status. It was described by +Theobald (1903a) +from “several +♀ +’s” from “Ba in +Fiji +”. +Townsend (1990) +found +two syntype females +in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. +Theobald (1903a) +described the species as having the “Thorax deep brown, covered densely with narrow-curved, bright brown and golden scales, scarcely showing any definite ornamentation; proboscis with a minute black tip and base, remainder ochraceous.” The legs are as in the description of + +vexans + +above. “Abdomen deep brown with basal white bands curved in the middle…. +♀ +. Head brown, with narrow curved pale golden scales on the crown, with black upright forked scales, flat black scales at the sides with a median white patch…. Abdomen …sixth and seventh segments with narrow apical yellow bands, no basal pale band or mark to the last; laterally are median white spots…. Legs …tibiae deep brown, paler ventrally…. +Observations.... +The abdominal ornamentation is very characteristic; the species cannot well be mistaken for any other. The proboscis is really very broadly pale banded.” Theobald included descriptions of all life stages except the egg, none of which provided distinguishing characters. + + +The following publications concerning the nominal taxon + +nocturnus + +are arranged by taxonomic status. A few authors gave expanded rationale for their judgements ( +Bohart & Ingram 1946b +; +Belkin 1962 +; +Reinert 1973 +; + +Lee +et al +. 1982 + +), which were summarized by + +Lee +et al +. (1982) + +, as shown below. This is not intended to be an exhaustive listing (* = with some sort of illustration). + + +As a synonym of + +vexans + +. +Dyar (1920 +, +1921a +); +Senior-White (1923) +; +Freeborn (1926) +; +Edwards (1924) +; +Edwards (1932a) +; +Natvig (1948) +; +Senevet & Andarelli (1954) +[who followed +Edwards 1932a +]; +Carpenter & LaCasse (1955) +[subspecies + +arabiensis + +? and + +nipponii + +also listed as synonyms of + +vexans + +]; +Reinert (1973) +; +Knight & Stone (1977) +[who we assume followed +Reinert 1973 +]; + +Reinert +et al +. (2004) + +. + + +As a synonym of + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +vigilax +( +Skuse, 1889 +) + +. +Cooling (1924) +. + + +As a subspecies of + +vexans + +. * +Bohart & Ingram (1946b) +; * +Yamaguti & LaCasse (1950) +; +Knight & Hull (1951) +; * +Knight & Hull (1953) +; +Laird (1955) +; +Bohart (1957) +; + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +; +Iyengar (1960) +; +Stone (1961b) +; +Lien (1962) +; * +Joyce & Nakagawa (1963) +; * +Holway & Bridges (1970) +; +Basio (1971) +; * +Baisas (1974) +; + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +; +Harbach (2018) +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +. + + +As species + +nocturnus + +. * +Theobald (1903a) +; +Edwards (1912a) +, in genus + +Ochlerotatus + +but “Doubtfully distinct from the preceding [ + +vigilax +Skuse, 1889 + +]”; * +Penn (1949) +, as + +vexans + +but possibly represents subspecies + +nocturnus + +; * +Belkin (1962) +; +Peters & Christian (1963) +, included as both a species and apparently inadvertently as a subspecies of + +vexans + +; +Stone (1963) +; Belkin (1965); Stephan (1966); +Standfast (1967) +; +Maffi (1977) +. + + + +Lee +et al +. (1982) + +, as species + +nocturnus + +, stated the following in a footnote. + + +Although F.W. +Edwards (1924) +synonymised + +nocturnus + +with + +vexans + +it was later considered a variety or subspecies of + +vexans + +by regional authors, commencing with Bohart & Ingram (1946). + + +Belkin (1962) +provisionally raised + +nocturnus + +to specific rank, mainly on the basis of branching of larval head hairs [setae]. He recognised that the taxonomic status of + +nocturnus + +was uncertain, clarification awaiting study of the + +vexans + +complex. + + +Reinert (1973) +sank + +nocturnus + +as a synonym of + +vexans vexans + +“in the absence of sufficient biological, behavioural and genetical data on the Pacific Island populations of + +vexans + +, and since specimens of these populations fall within the variable range of the morphological characters of other populations within the distribution of the species”. + + +For the time being we have chosen to retain + +nocturnus + +as a species partly because the synonymising of + +nocturnus + +under + +vexans + +gives + +vexans + +an extraordinarily wide distribution far greater than that achieved by any other non-domestic species. + + +We agree with the summary and conclusions of + +Lee +et al +. (1982) + +and thus hereby return + +nocturnus + +to its original species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +nocturnus +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + + +. Synonyms: + +Culicada eruthrosops +Theobald, 1910 + +; + +Culex nocturnus +var. +niger +Theobald, 1913b + +. + +Aedes nocturnus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA220A45FF54FC25FAEF5F98.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA220A45FF54FC25FAEF5F98.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4dac547594e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA220A45FF54FC25FAEF5F98.xml @@ -0,0 +1,520 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + +Subspecies + +arabiensis + + + + + + +Patton (1905) +described subspecies + +arabiensis + +from Ulub Camp and Crater, West +Aden Protectorate +[ +Yemen +] from an unspecified number of adult males, adult females and larvae. No type specimen was designated and type material is presumed to be lost or never existed. +White (1975) +, when he removed + +arabiensis + +from synonymy (synonymy by + +Hamon +et al. +1966 + +) with + +vexans + +and elevated it to a subspecies of + +vexans + +, reported finding a male and +two females +of + +arabiensis + +from +Aden +, “topotypic + +arabiensis + +material”, in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, but did not designate a +neotype +. + + +Patton’s (1905) +original description of + +arabiensis + +is vague and roughly follows the description of + +vexans + +by + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +paraphrased above. Confusingly, Patton stated: Thorax “with a dark line down the center and two at the sides. Abdomen brown with apical black bands. … +Male +genitalia, basal lobes narrow... apical segment thin and somewhat club shaped.” The apical black abdominal bands probably refer to contrast with the basal pale bands in all other taxa related to + +vexans + +. +Edwards (1921d) +apparently listed it as a synonym, perhaps “in part”, in a treatment of + +vexans + +: “(?) + +Culex arabiensis +, Patton + +(adult, not larva) [alternatively, this could mean he thought the larva was a different species].” +Edwards (1925) +listed it with the “ + +vexans + +series” as “ + +A +. +vexans +, Mg. + +(=? + +arabiensis +, Patton. + +).” A year later, +Edwards (1926b) +explicitly listed + +arabiensis + +as a synonym of + +vexans + +, but then in 1941 he placed it as a species of the + +vexans + +group. + + +Edwards (1941) +stated that + +arabiensis + +was “Distinguished from other Ethiopian species of the subgenus [ + +Aedimorphus + +] by the combination of the following features: basally-ringed tarsal segments, dark-scaled wings, broadly banded abdomen, and pale posterior surface of middle tibiae. + +A +. +arabiensis + +is very closely related to the Palearctic + +A. vexans +Mg. + +, from which it differs in having the male palpi rather shorter; abdominal bands in both sexes broader and not emarginate in the middle; middle tibia dark above (in all European and Central Asian females of + +A. vexans + +examined the middle tibia is conspicuously pale above as well as posteriorly).” Further, abdominal “tergites [terga] 2–6 with broad creamy-white basal bands, 2–7 with lateral whitish patches extending most of their length, 6 and 7 with narrow pale apical bands; sternites almost entirely pale scaled.” + + +Lewis (1945) +added that the larva has seta A [7-C] with 7 or 8 branches, seta B [6-C] single and seta C [5-C] single or double. “Comb a patch or irregular row of 8–12 sharp-pointed spines with small basal denticles. Siphon with index about 2.5... pecten reaching slightly beyond middle… of the last 1–3 teeth [spines] usually 2 larger and widely spaced.... Gills [anal papillae] subequal, lanceolate, much longer than saddle.” The relatively long pointed anal papillae are a particularly obvious characteristic. + + +Hopkins (1952) +expanded the description of +Lewis (1945) +and provided an illustration. “The only other + +Aëdes + +larvae with the comb composed of a small number of spines... head-setae B and C [6- and 5-C] single and the last 2–3 pecten spines wider-spaced are + +cumminsi + +, +fowleri +and + +durbanensis + +. From the first two of these the larva of + +arabiensis + +is easily separated... by the shape of the ‘gills’ [anal papillae].” + + +Carpenter & LaCasse (1955) +, without comment, listed + +nocturnus + +, + +arabiensis + +and + +nipponii + +as synonyms of + +vexans + +. Perhaps those authors were unaware of or disagreed with the recognition of + +nocturnus + +and + +nipponii + +as subspecies of + +vexans + +by +Bohart & Ingram (1946b) +. + + +The story became less clear to us with +Muspratt’s (1955) +description of + +vexans + +from Transvaal, +South Africa +, and its comparison with + +vexans + +from +England +and the +USA +( +Washington State +). Muspratt pointed out some differences, such as “the tibiae of the former [ +South Africa +] are practically all dark except for the narrow basal pale bands and apical spots, whereas the tibiae of the latter [ +England +; +USA +] are extensively pale posteriorly...” [as described for + +arabiensis + +from +Yemen +]. Also, “on the South African form the basal pale bands of the abdominal tergites [terga] are not narrowed in the middle, thus being as described for + +arabiensis + +...”. +Jupp (1996) +illustrated and keyed, from +South Africa +, as + +vexans + +, a taxon with narrow basal emarginate abdominal tergal bands and with the sterna not all pale but with dark markings. This suggests two species in +South Africa +, and we think neither is + +arabiensis + +, which is distributed in northeastern Africa and Arabia. + + +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +treated + +arabiensis + +from Arabia as a species but wrote: “This is very closely related to the holarctic [ +sic +], +Oriental +and Australasia +Aë +. + +vexans +Meigen + +, of which it is possibly no more than a subspecies…”. + + + +Hamon +et al +. (1966) + +considered all observed differences as only variation. Regarding this, +White (1975) +wrote: “Having not seen the +types +of either + +arabiensis + +or + +sudanensis + +[a synonym of + +arabiensis + +], the former having been lost, Hamon et al [ +sic +] (1966:373) formally synonymised both with + +vexans + +s. str. +” As noted above, +White (1975) +removed + +arabiensis + +from synonymy with + +vexans + +and elevated it to subspecific rank, and affirmed that + +sudanensis +Theobald, 1911b + +was a junior synonym of + +arabiensis + +. He also listed the known distribution of + +vexans +arabiensis + +as Aden, +Gambia +, +Mauritania +, +Nigeria +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Somalia +, +South Africa +(Transvaal) [we think doubtful] and +Sudan +. Since that time, + +vexans +arabiensis + +has been identified in a number of studies, and has been implicated as a possible vector of the Rift Valley Fever virus in northeastern Africa and Arabia ( + +Miller +et al +. 2002 + +; + +Mondet +et al +. 2005 + +; + +Fall +et al +. 2011 + +; +Clements 2012 +; + +Krtinić +et al. +2013 + +; + +Francuski +et al +. 2016 + +; + +Mohamed +et al +. 2017 + +; + +Azari-Hamidian +et al +. 2019 + +). + + + +Mohamed +et al +. (2017) + +, using the keys in +Edwards (1941) +and +Hopkins (1952) +, found + +vexans +arabiensis + +to be very common in collections made in the Republic of +Sudan +. Of special note was the presence of two larval +types +(“X” and “Z”), both of which keyed to + +vexans +arabiensis + +in +Hopkins (1952) +. Since no larvae were reared to the adult stage, it is not known which might be true + +arabiensis + +. Nor is it known if the adult females collected during the study belonged to more than one species. + + +Given the distinctive morphological characters of the adult female and larval stage of subspecies + +arabiensis + +, we think it should be formally afforded species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +arabiensis +( +Patton, 1905 +) + + +. Synonym: + +Culex sudanensis +Theobald, 1911b + +. + +Aedes arabiensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA230A46FF54F945FB24593C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA230A46FF54F945FB24593C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..175a715072d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA230A46FF54F945FB24593C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + +Subspecies + +nipponii + + + + + + +Subspecies + +nipponii + +was described from a single “perfect +♀ +” from +Karnizana +, +Japan +[Karuizawa, +Nagano Prefecture +]. +Theobald (1907) +wrote: “proboscis with scattered golden scales, with black apex, palpi mottled.” “Abdomen with the basal segment testaceous, with a median patch of creamy scales and rather short pale golden hairs; the second and third segments with basal uniform creamy bands; on the fourth, fifth and sixth the bands spread out laterally, forming marked lateral areas; the sixth and seventh have yellow apical scales, and the second to the fifth have median pale scales which form a broken median line; venter pale scaled.” A distinguishing character is the median pale abdominal scales. + + +Reinert (1973) +did a comprehensive study of + +vexans vexans + +and + +vexans +nipponii + +as part of a study of the subgenus + +Aedimorphus + +in +Southeast +Asia. He treated + +vexans vexans + +as a single variable worldwide species. He characterized subspecies + +nipponii + +in the adult female as follows: “Abdomen with terga III, IV each with an incomplete apical median longitudinal white stripe which may or may not connect with basal bands; lower subspiracular scale patch connects, or nearly so, with postspiracular scale patch.” In the pupa, the two were very similar but could be separated from other related species by having the “Ventral posterior margin of II [tergum II] with spicules mesally.” In the larval stage, he contrasted + +vexans vexans + +in +Southeast +Asia with subspecies + +nipponii + +by the presence of a granulose frontoclypeus in the former not present in the latter. This granularity is rarely seen in the rest of the range, +sensu +Reinert (1973) +, of the putative subspecies + +vexans + +. To us, it could also indicate a separate species in +Southeast +Asia. + + + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +stated that only + +vexans +nipponii + +occurs in +Japan +, +Korea +and the eastern Palearctic, and thus they did not provide a complete comparison of it and + +vexans vexans + +. As described by +Theobald (1907) +and +Reinert (1973) +, Tanaka distinguished + +nipponii + +by noting that “Subspecies + +nipponii + +is chiefly characterized by the presence of pale median patches on the anterior abdominal terga of the adults.” The larva of subspecies + +nipponii + +is like the larva of typical + +vexans + +but setae 5–7-C are distinctly aciculate, as are setae 1,3,5-VIII. + + +Because of its Palearctic distribution and distinct morphological characters, we believe subspecies + +nipponii + +should be afforded species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +nipponii +( +Theobald, 1907 +) + + +. Synonyms: None. + +Aedes nipponii + +needs to be added in the list of + +Aedes +species + +recognized in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA240A4EFF54FF38FB995CDE.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA240A4EFF54FF38FB995CDE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f47e1d50a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA240A4EFF54FF38FB995CDE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,715 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Mucidus +) +aurantius +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +aurantius +( +Theobald, 1907 +) + +—original combination: + +Pardomyia aurantia + +. Distribution: +Australia +( +Queensland +), +Indonesia +(Western New +Guinea +[formerly Irian Jaya]), +Malaysia +, +Papua New Guinea +( + +Lee +et al +. 1984 + +). + + +subspecies + +chrysogaster +( +Taylor, 1927 +) + +—original combination: + +Mucidus chrysogaster + +(subspecific status by + +Knight +et al +. 1944 + +). + + + + +Distribution: +Australia +, Irian Jaya [Western +Papua New Guinea +, +Indonesia +], +Papua New Guinea +( + +Lee +et al. +1984 + +). + + + + +The two nominal taxa are members of + +Aedes + +subgenus + +Mucidus + +, Group B +Pardomyia +( +Edwards 1932a +; +Tyson 1970 +; subgenus + +Pardomyia + +of + +Reinert +et al +. 2004 + +), which also includes +Ae. + +quadripunctis +(Ludlow, 1910) + +(in +Theobald 1910 +) ( +Philippines +) and +Ae +. +nigrescens +(Edwards, 1929) (in +Paine & Edwards 1929 +) (= +painei +Knight, 1948) ( +Papua New Guinea +, +Solomon Islands +). Species in the +Pardomyia +Group share some variable characters, which have led researchers to relate them to the nominotypical species. + +Aedes quadripunctis + +was considered a subspecies of + +aurantius + +by +Basio (1971) +and later returned to species status by + +Tsukamoto +et al. +(1985) + +, and +Ae. nigrescens +was originally described as a variety of + +Pardomyia aurantia + +but elevated to species (as +painei +) by +Knight & Hull (1951) +. + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from an unknown number of adult females collected in the city of Kuching, +Sarawak +, +Malaysia +(Island of Borneo). +Type +specimens are in the Natural History Museum, London ( +Townsend 1990 +). Characters given in the original description of + +aurantius + +have been used in keys and/or descriptions ( + +Knight +et al +. 1944 + +; +Knight 1947 +; +Mattingly 1961 +; +Tyson 1970 +; + +Lee +et al. +1984 + +), as indicated in the following extract from the original description ( +Theobald 1907 +). + + + + +♀ +. Head pale brown, densely clothed with bright golden yellow narrow-curved scales, particularly dense around the borders of the eyes, numerous rich ochraceous to golden yellow long upright forked scales, becoming a little darker at the sides... the whole head presents a general golden yellow appearance. + +Thorax bright brown, with a prominent band of brilliant golden yellow narrow-curved scales running across it behind the head [the extent of this band is not noted], the remainder clothed with deep black narrow-curved scales of almost sooty appearance.... +Abdomen golden brown, the two basal segments [terga] clothed with almost entirely deep violet black scales, the third with some median spots of bright golden yellow scales, the remainder having gradually more golden yellow scales mixed with the violet black until the segments [terga] become brilliant metallic golden yellow; venter mostly golden yellow.... +…femora and tibiae spotted with rich golden and violet-black… in the hind legs the base of the first tarsal [tarsomere 2], second tarsal, and to some extent the third tarsal, with a narrow yellow band, most pronounced on the first tarsal, the last hind tarsal pure white [hindtarsomere 5 not noted].… +Theobald also noted that “It varies to some extent in regard to the amount of golden scales on the abdomen and the spotting of the legs.” + + + +Subspecies + +chrysogaster + +was described from Berner Creek, near Innisfail, in northeastern +Queensland +, +Australia +, just south of Cairns. A female +holotype +and a female +paratype +served for the description. Illustrations were promised for a future publication but we are not aware of it having been done. The types are in the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, +New South Wales +, +Australia +. The following characters from +Taylor (1927) +roughly parallel characters given above for the female of + +aurantius + +. + + + + +♀ +. +Head +covered with golden narrow-curved and dark upright forked scales, the latter very numerous; a dense median row of sickle-shaped golden ones in the middle; the narrow-curved golden scales round the eyes are very prominent, widening out laterally... palpi about one-quarter the length of the proboscis, densely covered with golden scales, except about the apical quarter, which is clothed with black scales... proboscis covered with golden scales with irregular patches of black ones.... Antennae with basal lobes pale testaceous, with a few small flat golden scales on inner surface.... +Thorax +: scutum chocolate-coloured, covered with mixed golden and chocolate-brown, narrow-curved scales; there is a moderately broad median transverse band of golden scales reaching right across the scutum, reaching this but not passing it is a broad (about a quarter the width of the scutum) stripe of golden scales; the golden scales are very pronounced on the anterior margin of the scutum... prothoracic lobes prominent, black, clothed with golden narrow-curved scales… pleurae blackish brown, with pale golden flat scales in the middle.... +Abdomen +: first segment dark chocolate-brown covered with black flat scales… also a narrow, median, basal patch of pale golden, loosely applied, flat scales... segments 2 to 4, inclusive... each with two small, submedian, basal, golden spots and golden, median, lateral patches, largest on the fourth; third segment with a small subapical, golden spot toward the edge on either side; fourth flecked with scattered golden scales; segments 5 to the apex black-scaled, profusely mottled with golden scales... venter clothed with golden scales except the apex, which is dark-scaled. +Legs +: femora of fore legs... heavily spotted with golden scales, with a basal golden band, knees golden; tibiae... profusely spotted with golden scales, apex golden; first tarsal joint with basal golden banding, apex narrowly golden, remainder mottled black and golden; second to fourth joints black-scaled with moderately broad basal banding, fifth golden with a few scattered dark scales; femora, tibiae and tarsi of mid legs similar to those of the fore legs... the fifth tarsals are entirely golden; femora and tibiae of hind legs similar to those of the fore and mid legs; first tarsals black-scaled, not mottled, with a basal golden band, second tarsal black with basal golden banding, third and fourth tarsals black with creamy-white basal banding, fifth tarsal creamy-white.... + + +Except for the adult females there are no comprehensive comparisons of the other life stages of the two nominal taxa. +Edwards & Given (1928) +partially described and illustrated the pupal and larval stages of + +aurantius + +(as + +Pardomyia aurantia + +) from +Singapore +. They noted a long pupal trumpet and rounded paddles lacking fringe; and a larva with mostly single setae and mandibles (illustrated) modified for grasping prey. In contradiction, in a key, +Tyson (1970) +wrote: “Paddle [of + +aurantius + +] with the lateral margin densely and conspicuously spiculate.” +Penn (1949) +published a description and illustration of the pupa of subspecies + +chrysogaster + +, but apparently did not have specimens of subspecies + +aurantius + +, and did not find sufficient characters in +Edwards & Given (1928) +to contrast the two subspecies. +Mattingly (1970) +described the eggs of subspecies + +aurantius + +from +Selangor +, +Malaysia +, but we are not aware of a description of the eggs of subspecies + +chrysogaster + +. + + + + +Tyson (1970) +separated the two nominal taxa by geographic area: + +chrysogaster + +in the Australasian +Region +and + +aurantius + +in the +Oriental Region +. He provided a key for separating females of + +aurantius + +, + +chrysogaster + +and +painei +(= +nigrescens +), but stated in a footnote that the males of the + +aurantius + +complex (these three nominal taxa) are “indistinguishable.” + + +Without comment, + +Knight +et al. +(1944) + +included + +chrysogaster + +as a subspecies of + +aurantius + +in a key to + +Aedes + +in the Australasian +Region +. They used the following characters to separate + +aurantius +chrysogaster + +from + +aurantius +nigrescens + +and + +aurantius aurantius + +: + + + +chrysogaster + +—“Tarsal segments [tarsomeres] basally banded with golden scales (V of mid legs all golden), segments III and IV of hind legs with white basal bands, segment V of hind legs entirely creamy-white; abdominal segment I with narrow median patch of golden scales”. + + + +aurantius + +and +nigrescens +—“Tarsal segments of fore and mid legs unbanded, brown, segments I, II and often III of hind legs basally yellow banded, segment V entirely white” Characters to distinguish + +aurantius + +from +nigrescens +included: “Abdominal tergites [terga] I and II almost entirely black, III with some median spots of golden scales, IV to VII with gradually more golden scales until the last segments are brilliant golden”. + + +Oddly, the key character of a basal white band on tarsomere IV of the hindleg of + +chrysogaster + +is not mentioned for + +aurantius + +. + + +Knight (1948) wrote a note about his efforts to corroborate the distinctness of subspecies + +chrysogaster + +: “Personal communications from Dr. W. V. King... and +Mr. D. J. Lee +... both of whom have examined the types, have disclosed that this subspecies (at least the type specimens) differs from either [both?] + +aurantius + + +aurantius +(Theobald) + +or [and?] +a +. +painei +Knight [= +nigrescens +] in possessing a narrow basal white band on the fourth hind tarsal segment [hindtarsomere 4]. Also, +Mr. Lee +reported that the scutal scaling of the +holotype +is strictly as described by Taylor, but that the differentiation of the pattern in the +paratype +is less obvious.” + + +Mattingly (1961) +, in his treatment of Indomalayan + +Aedes + +, including the subgenus + +Mucidus +, + +redescribed all stages of subspecies + +aurantius + +using specimens from throughout its range, and for females he noted: “Scutum covered mainly with narrow, dark brown scales, golden scales confined to anterior border and shoulders [this is also as later described and illustrated by +Tyson 1970 +]…. Hind tarsus with first two segments pale at base, 3rd and 4th narrowly pale at base or entirely dark, 5th conspicuously pale, contrasting sharply with the dark apex of the 4th segment.” And in the key to females: “Abdomen with tergites [terga] IV‒VII largely or wholly golden scaled”. He did not discuss or describe + +chrysogaster + +except to contrast it with + +aurantius + +in a key to females: “Scutum with more numerous golden scales; fourth hind tarsal with narrow basal white band”. He did not compare subspecies + +chrysogaster + +to other life stages of + +aurantius + +. + + + +Lee +et al. +(1984) + +distinguished adult females of the two nominal forms in a key (reformatted here to conform to journal style). + + +2(1) Scutum dark scaled [sharply] contrasting with prominent transverse area of narrow yellow scales on anterior margin and with a few yellow scales around prescutellar area, above wing root and (rarely) behind fossa; ppn [postpronotum] with narrow yellow scales on upper one third to one half...... + +aurantius + + +aurantius + + +Scutum with more extensive yellow and/or golden-reflecting scaling; anterior yellow scaled margin not sharply contrasting...................................................................3 + +3(2) Ppn [postpronotum] with narrow yellow scales on upper one quarter to one half; scutum with yellow scaling variable but usually including a more or less distinct transverse band at mid length.................................................................................... + +aurantius + + +chrysogaster + + + +Ppn with small patch of narrow yellow scales on upper one fifth; scutum dorsally with areas of golden-reflecting (rather than yellow) scales, not forming a band at mid length..................... +painei + + +In the above key, the description of the pattern of golden ornamentation on the scutum of + +chrysogaster + +is rather vague: “yellow scaling variable but usually including a more or less distinct transverse band at mid length”. +Taylor’s (1927) +description (see above) is more detailed but since it lacks an illustration it is rather difficult to visualize, and does not seem to follow closely the characteristics of the +holotype +. In notes recorded by Stone and Knight for their 1977 catalog, we found an unpublished sketch of the +holotype +of + +chrysogaster + +, presumably drawn by Stone, which we interpret as follows: Anterior promontory with a pair of small chocolate-brown spots, annotated by the illustrator as “(bare?)”; scutal fossa with “chocolate brown scales”, outlined anteriorly, laterally and posteriorly with “prominent golden scales”; dorsocentral area golden-scaled, anterior dorsocentral area “largely golden with some chocolate brown intermingled” and the posterior dorsocentral area “mainly golden, some brown”; antealar and supraalar areas “golden”, antealar area bordered anteriorly by a bare dark brown line, presumably along the prescutal suture. + + +There are two distinct scutal patterns outlined above. The nominotypical form has an anterior golden band, and + +chrysogaster + +has a variously described broad transverse band. There are also apparent differences in characteristics of the legs and abdomen, which we do not consider here but which could be of significance in separating the two nominal taxa, or could be indicators of a species complex. + + + +Lee +et al +. (1984) + +included distributional notes which we believe are based on identifications by +E. N. Marks +that indicate sympatry of the two nominal forms: “ + +Ae +aurantius aurantius + +is known from +Malaya +, +Indonesia +and +Borneo +and in the +Australasian Region +has been recorded a number of times from +West Irian +and +Papua +and from 2 locations in +Queensland +( +Innisfail +and +Lockhart +R. Mission); the +type +locality of + +Ae +aurantius +chrysogaster + +is Innisfail, Qd. and it has also been recorded from +West Irian +, New Guinea and Papua....” + + +In summary, 1) + +Knight +et al +. (1944) + +provided no justification for regarding + +chrysogaster + +as a subspecies of + +aurantius + +, which has since been unjustifiably followed by others; 2) we believe the divergent patterns of golden scutal scales alone are sufficient to distinguish species; 3) + +aurantius + +and + +chrysogaster + +are sympatric and identifiable with no apparent difficulty in the area of overlap. For these reasons, we hereby reinstate + +chrysogaster + +to its original species status: + + +Aedes +( +Mucidus +) +chrysogaster +( +Taylor, 1927 +) + + +. + +Aedes chrysogaster + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Aedes aurantius + +has a single synonym: + +Ekrinomyia aureostriata + +Leicester (1908) +from Klang, near +Kuala Lumpur +[ +Selangor +], +Malaya +[ +Malaysia +], synonymy with + +aurantius + +by +Edwards (1913b) +, who stated “In Dr. Leicester’s collection in the British Museum are 3 ♂ and +4 ♀ +cotypes of + +E. aureostriata + +; the females agree exactly with the +type +of + +P. aurantia + +.” + +Aedes +( +Muc +.) + + +chrysogaster + +is without synonyms. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA250A41FF54FEC1FD605DAC.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA250A41FF54FEC1FD605DAC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9266036df6d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA250A41FF54FEC1FD605DAC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,361 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Collessius +) +elsiae +(Barraud) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +elsiae +( +Barraud, 1923a +) + +—original combination: + +Finlaya elsiae + +. Distribution: +Cambodia +, +India +, +Malaysia +, +Nepal +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +vicarius +Lien, 1968 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Finlaya +) +elsiae vicarius + +. Distribution: +Taiwan +( +Lien 1968 +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from male and female cotypes ( +Barraud 1923a +) and other conspecifics from Shillong, +Assam +, +India +. Using exuviae from the cotypes and additional specimens to document variation, +Barraud (1923c) +described the larva with illustrations of the siphon and antenna. +Barraud (1934) +then described in more detail the adults (both sexes) and larva, with illustrations of the larval head, thorax and siphon. +Darsie (2010) +described the pupa of + +elsiae + +(as a species of + +Ochlerotatus +Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891a + +) from sites in +Nepal +relatively close (about +400 km +) to the type locality of + +elsiae + +in northern +India +. +Townsend (1990) +reported +19 syntypes +of + +elsiae + +in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, but not the cotypes or larval exuviae. + + +Subspecies + +vicarius + +was described and illustrated in all life stages, except the egg, from Chuchi, Chiai Hsien, +Taiwan +, but was also documented from many other localities in the original description. It is apparently found only on +Taiwan +. It and + +elsiae + +are similar in many respects in the adult and larval stages. In the larval stage, the two nominal forms have setae 1-M and 1-T very stout and borne on prominent tubercles, and seta 1-S stout and aciculate. The unusual character of these stout thoracic setae is also found in + +Aedes +( +Collessius +) +shortti +( +Barraud, 1923a +) + +and +Ae +. ( +Col +.) +macfarlanei +( +Edwards, 1914 +). The larval cuticle of subspecies + +vicarius + +is, however, densely covered with spicules, a significant difference from + +elsiae + +. +Lien (1968) +summarized the differences between + +elsiae + +and + +vicarius + +in the original description: “ +The mosquito +[ + +vicarius + +], in most respects, shows a close resemblance to + +Aedes elsiae + +and is therefore described here as a new subspecies of + +Aedes elsiae + +. It differs from +type +species chiefly as follows: The venter of adults mainly dark brown instead of ‘mainly yellowish’; a patch of broad dark scales sandwiched by two patches of broad white scales on upper and middle aspects of +ppn +[postpronotum] instead of ‘narrow yellow and broad white scales on lower border of +ppn +’; antennal hair [seta] 1-A of larva inserted at about basal third of shaft and bifid instead of ‘at about middle’ and ‘with 3–5 branches’; thoracic and abdominal integument densely spiculate. The male terminalia is [ +sic +] almost indistinguishable from that of +type +species.” We instead judge these differences to clearly indicate separate species. We do not accept the reasoning that since the two forms are similar that they should be subspecies. + + +The pupal stage of + +elsiae + +was not available to +Lien (1968) +when he published a detailed illustration of the pupa of + +vicarius + +. The description and illustration of the pupa of + +elsiae + +by +Darsie (2010) +allowed direct comparison of the pupae of the two nominal forms. +Darsie (2010) +wrote: “From the illustration it can be separated from the subspecies + +elsiae + +pupa as follows: in +Oc +. +e +. + +vicarius + +seta 1-II has 4 branches and +Oc +. +e +. + +elsiae + +has 10–16 branches; seta 9-VII has 4 branches in the former and 8–10 branches in the latter.” We compared the illustrations of the two nominal forms and confirm the differences noted by Darsie. However, we also note many other obvious differences, such as nearly universal differences in the length and number of branches of setae (shorter and fewer in + +vicarius + +) and a very differently shaped paddle (~1.25 times longer than wide in + +vicarius + +; nearly round in + +elsiae + +). It is always possible that this is attributable to an undetected species complex, misidentification or a mix-up of specimens or illustrations, but the differences in the larval stage and adults remain to support our conclusions. + + +Given the significant morphological differences and the geographic isolation of subspecies + +vicarius + +, we hereby recognize its status as a species: + + +Aedes +( +Collessius +) +vicarius +Lien, 1968 + + +. + +Aedes vicarius + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Aedes +( +Col +.) + + +elsiae + +has one synonym: + +Aedes +( +Finlaya +) +simulatus +Barraud, 1931 + +. It was described from a single female from +Assam +, Haflong, Cachar Hills, +India +and was listed as a synonym, without comment, in +Barraud (1934) +. There are no synonyms of +Ae. +( +Col +.) + +vicarius + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA280A4AFF54F8E8FE9F5D00.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA280A4AFF54F8E8FE9F5D00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e3d750df598 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA280A4AFF54F8E8FE9F5D00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,551 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +canadensis +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +canadensis +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + +—original combination: + +Culex canadensis + +. Distribution: +Canada +, +Dominican Republic +, +Mexico +, +United States +( +Alaska +and continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +mathesoni +Middlekauff, 1944 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +mathesoni + +(subspecific status by +Rings +& Hill 1948). Distribution: Southeast +United States +( +Alabama +, Florida, +Georgia +, +South Carolina +) ( +Rings & Hill 1948 +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from specimens collected near Toronto, +Canada +. +Theobald (1901c) +stated: “A very distinct species, in which the legs are very characteristically marked, the last tarsal joint [tarsomere 5] of the hind legs being entirely dull white and the banding of the legs involving both sides of the joints. The dusky scaled abdomen, with the creamy-white basal lateral patches, is also very characteristic.” Additionally we note: Maxillary palpus with apical half of palpomere 2 pale; scutum dull purplish brown to deep chestnut brown, covered with varying patterns of curved golden-brown scales; wing all dark; and venter of abdomen covered with pale yellowish scales. In the Natural History Museum, London, +Townsend (1990) +found: “ +Lectotype +male, designated by Belkin, 1968b: 4 ‒ +Canada +: +Ontario +, near Toronto, Trout Creek. +Paralectotypes +(14) ‒ +Canada +: +1 male +, +13 female +.” “Belkin misread the type locality as ‘Front Creek’, and overlooked some of the +paralectotypes +.” Other pertinent descriptions include: Adult female, larva and male genitalia ( +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +); larva and male genitalia ( +Ross 1947 +); pupa ( +Darsie 1951 +); and egg ( +Craig 1956 +; +Craig & Horsfall 1958 +; +Ross & Horsfall 1965 +; +Kalpage & Brust 1968 +; + +Horsfall +et al +. 1970 + +). Notably, + +canadensis + +is cold adapted, emerging very early in the spring (reviewed by +Horsfall 1972 +). + + +Notable characters of the larva include: Setae 1-A and 5–7-C multi-branched, 5–7-C not in a straight line, 6-C inserted far forward of 5-C; seta 1-M small and short, not reaching bases of prothoracic setae; comb with many scales in a patch, individual scales pointed and fringed with rather slender subequal spinules; siphon index 3.0–4.0, pecten with 13–24 evenly spaced spines on basal two-fifths of siphon, siphonal tuft (seta 1-S) usually 3–8-branched, inserted beyond pecten; saddle incomplete, extending about 0.67 down side of segment, ventral brush (seta 4-X) large, usually with 2 precratal setae; anal papillae tapered, about 1.5 times as long as saddle ( +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +; + +Harrison +et al. +2016 + +). + + + + +Subspecies + +mathesoni + +was described, as a species, by +Middlekauff (1944) +from specimens collected in south-central Florida (Kissimmee) in late summer and autumn [early season occurrence not noted]. Middlekauff recognized + +mathesoni + +as quite similar to + +canadensis + +: “This species [ + +mathesoni + +] is most closely related to + +Aedes canadensis +(Theob.) + +, but that species [ + +canadensis + +] lacks the nearly black scales of the mesonotum and the white areas on the legs are more extensive. The male genitalia of + +canadensis + +differ only slightly, the spines of the ninth tergites [terga] being less regularly placed and more abundant, and the tenth sternites [paraprocts] being somewhat curved and acutely [ +sic +] apically.” “ +Holotype +, +allotype +and +one paratype +[are] in the collection of the +United States +National Museum.” + + +Rings & Hill (1946) +described the larva of + +mathesoni + +using reared-associated specimens from +Georgia +(Camp Gordon) and from northeastern Florida (Camp Blanding). They found the larvae of + +canadensis + +and + +mathesoni + +“to be remarkably similar, the only apparent difference being in the degree of branching in the head hairs [setae] and antennal tufts [seta 1-A].” In general, mean branch counts for setae 5- and 6-C were lower in specimens from further north ( + +canadensis + +) than southern specimens. They counted setal branches of 89 + +canadensis + +in places ranging from British Columbia to Florida and 33 + +mathesoni + +from +Georgia +and Florida: Seta 5-C, mean number of branches 6.77 (4–10) ( + +canadensis + +), 9.8 (6–14) ( + +mathesoni + +); seta 6-C 5.06 (range not given) ( + +canadensis + +), 7.1 (4–9) ( + +mathesoni + +). Rings & Hill compared specimens of + +mathesoni + +from +Georgia +and Florida and found the same tendency: “... individuals collected in the more southern portions of the geographical range showed relatively more branching than those from the north.” Seta 5-C, mean 8.9 ( +Georgia +), 10.7 (Florida); seta 6-C, 7.0 ( +Georgia +), 7.2 (Florida). We think these numbers are suggestive of clinal variation. Rings & Hill concluded: “...there is a very close phylogenetic relationship between the two forms and that these forms do not possess differences of specific rank.” + + +Rings & Hill (1948) +documented and illustrated the scutal patterns of + +canadensis + +and + +mathesoni + +and noted that there were many “intergrades”. They stated: “The data here presented are interpreted by the authors as evidence that + +mathesoni + +is a melanistic, geographical variation of + +A. canadensis + +.” They illustrated intergrades showing the extent of pale scaling on the hindtarsomeres and mapped the geographical extent of intergradation and showed a broad area of intergrades. Those north and south of this zone were easily identified as either + +canadensis + +or + +mathesoni + +, respectively. Darker coloration seen on the legs was explained as directly related to higher temperatures at decreasing latitudes. They found little or no differences (intergrades) in the larvae or male genitalia of the two forms. The notion that + +mathesoni + +was a subspecies of + +canadensis + +was introduced in this paper; however, their unattributed definition of subspecies allows for sympatry (which for us precludes subspecific status). They concluded: “The phylogenetic rank of subspecies is generally applied to a part of a species showing geographical variations which intergrade with a subspecies occupying different though usually adjacent and overlapping parts of the general range of the species.” They, however, continued to use the subspecies rank as a convention for pointing out observed variability. + + +Bickley (1981) +furthered the observations of +Rings & Hill (1946 +, +1948 +) in an analysis of adults and larvae of more than 1,400 specimens in the +United States +National Museum (Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History (USNM), +Washington +, D.C.). He concluded: “From the survey described here, involving specimens from 43 North American states and provinces, it may be concluded that the geographical range of +Ae +. + +canadensis +mathesoni + +does not extend northward from southern +Georgia +and +South Carolina +. Only 1 character, the narrow pale rings on the hindtarsomeres, is available as a means of recognizing this rare subspecies, the validity of which is certainly complicated by the existence of intergrades.” + + + +Harrison +et al. +(2016) + +also used the pale bands of the hindtarsomeres to separate + +canadensis canadensis + +from + +canadensis +mathesoni + +, but they could not separate them in the larval stage. They stated (Note 14): “The two subspecies of + +Ae. +canadensis + +are separated in the adult female key, but are not separated in the larval key. Those subspecies, +Ae +. + +canadensis canadensis + +and +Ae +. + +canadensis +mathesoni + +represent a real taxonomic enigma that begs to be resolved with more study and the use of modern techniques.” An explanation for this enigma may lie in the abundant examples of mosquito morphological and physiological variation influenced by the environment, for example: Factors affecting larval setal branching ( +Colless 1956 +; +Mattingly 1975 +); altitude and latitude influencing diapause and the size of anal papillae in + +Wyeomyia smithii +( +Coquillett, 1901 +) ( +Bradshaw & Lounibos 1977 +) + +; season and temperature affecting melanism in species of the genus + +Anopheles +( +Harrison 1980 +) + +; and the effect of temperature on morphological attributes of + +Anopheles merus + +(D̂nitz, 1902) ( +Le Sueur & Sharp 1991 +). + + +Ongoing sampling of mosquitoes at several locations in North America is being carried out by the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). Their sampling is based on light trapping of adult females, which are then identified morphologically. A subsample is kept as morphological and DNA vouchers, with single legs used for sequencing of the barcoding region of the mtDNA +COI +gene. The NEON database (https://biorepo.neonscience. org/portal/collections/list.php?usethes=1&taxa=80835) has 571 records for + +canadensis canadensis + +(also written simply as + +canadensis + +) and + +canadensis +mathesoni + +. The database includes a limited number of sympatric records of nominotypical + +canadensis + +with + +canadensis +mathesoni + +in the area of historical “intergrades,” +i.e. +Florida +Disney Wilderness Preserve near Kissimmee and near Gainesville, +Florida +, which is relatively close to Camp Blanding. The Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD: boldsystems.org) includes a single entry for + +canadensis +mathesoni + +(http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxon= +Aedes +%20canadensis) that corresponds to a specimen collected by NEON (specimen number MOSN4427-20), which allowed us to visualize, using tools available in BOLD, its genetic distance from more than 300 other nominal + +canadensis + +in the database. This specimen clustered very closely with all others at a distance of <1.0%, well within accepted +COI +barcode criteria for an individual species. This is a single data point, from a single gene, from unpublished data, but it suggests that further focused collecting and sequencing will probably reveal that + +canadensis + +and + +mathesoni + +are conspecific, at least using the +COI +gene. + + +We do not think there is any indication of genetic divergence, only easily explicable clinal variation. Plus, the two nominal taxa are apparently sympatric and, although weak, the single molecular indicator shows they are genetically very similar. We therefore think that subspecies + +mathesoni + +is a synonym of + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +canadensis + +, which we formally assert here: + + +mathesoni +Middlekauff, 1944 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +canadensis +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + + +. Future work may prove we have not interpreted the literature correctly, but until then + +mathesoni + +belongs as a synonym. An alternate hypothesis, that there is a northern species and a southern species with a zone of hybridization, is valid. We do not see signs of that, but it should not be totally discounted. The nominal subspecies + +mathesoni + +, which is listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, must be removed from the list of valid species of + +Aedes + +. + + +There is one other synonym of +Ae +. + +canadensis + +, + +Culex nivitarsis +Coquillett, 1904 + +, synonymized by + +Howard +et al +. (1917) + +, who wrote: “Coquillett described + +Culex nivitarsis + +from +two specimens +and none have been since collected. Dr. C. S. Ludlow suggested to us that these specimens were only aberrations of + +A. canadensis + +, and we have adopted this view.” + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA2A0A4CFF54F88AFDB35D06.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA2A0A4CFF54F88AFDB35D06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf392d1177a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA2A0A4CFF54F88AFDB35D06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Neomelaniconion +) +lineatopennis +(Ludlow) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +aureus +Gutsevich, 1955 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +(? +Aedes +) +aureus + +(subspecific status by +Danilov 1977 +). + + + + +Distribution: +Russia +, +Russian Federation +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +subspecies + +lineatopennis +( +Ludlow, 1905 +) + +—original combination: + +Taeniorhynchus lineatopennis + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Bangladesh +, Borneo (island), +Cambodia +, +India +, +Indonesia +, +Laos +, +Malaysia +, +Nepal +, +Pakistan +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Philippines +, +Russia +, +South Korea +, +Sri Lanka +, +Thailand +, Timor, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The taxonomic study of +Huang(1985) +provides a prelude to the treatment of these nominal taxa.Multiple identifications of + +lineatopennis + +in Africa have complicated the definition of this species. Huang, based on detailed morphological comparison of African specimens with +type +specimens and other material collected in the +Philippines +, determined that records of + +lineatopennis + +in Africa pertained to a previously unrecognized species, which she described and named +Ae +. +mcintoshi +. Since Huang excluded + +lineatopennis + +from Africa, all references to + +lineatopennis + +in Africa require re-evaluation ( +e.g. +Ingram & de Meillon 1927 +; +Edwards 1941 +; +Gutsevich 1973 +). + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from +two adult +females captured at Camp Gregg, Bayambang, +Pangasinan +, Luzon, +Philippines +. +Knight & Hull (1953) +designated a +lectotype +, which was later validated by +Stone & Knight (1956a) +. Its most distinctive features include the head with median golden scales, scutum dark brown with broad golden lateral stripes, legs unmarked, abdominal terga with pale basal bands and wings with pale scales on some veins. A condensed version of the original description ( +Ludlow 1905 +) follows. + + + + + +Taeniorhynchus lineatopennis + +, +n. sp. +— + +♀ + +. Head dark brown, with brassy yellow curved scales on median portion and extending from occiput to vertex... dark brown flat lateral scales, and a few forked scales... antennae dark brown... palpi... proboscis... clypeus dark brown.... + +Thorax: prothoracic lobes dark brown... no scales; mesonotum dark brown, the median portion covered with dark brown curved scales bordered by a heavy band of brassy yellow curved scales, extending cephalad from one wing joint (inverted “U”) across to the other, a very distinct and easily-recognized marking. …pleura brown and clothed only with a few brown hairs [setae]; scutellum dark brown, with brassy yellow curved scales.... +Abdomen dark brown, with broad basal bands of “dirty white” scales hardly extending the full width of the terga; the first segment is dark, and the second has merely a median light spot, while on the ultimate segment the band is quite narrow; venter dark. + +Legs are brown throughout; coxae and trochanters and ventral side of femora somewhat lighter than the rest, a light spot near the apex of fore femora on dorsal side, +i. e. +, the ventral colour runs up... more distal joints are darker, ranging from purplish to fawn colour.... + + +Wings clear, clothed with brown and light typical + +Taeniorhynchus + +scales. The costa is dark throughout, the subcosta and first longitudinal [vein R +1 +] are mostly light scaled from the base of the wing to about the junction of the subcosta, and the stem of the fifth long vein [vein CuA] is also light, with some light scales on the lower fork. …halteres have a light stem and dark knob. + + +Knight & Hull (1953) +described the male genitalia and larva, +Tanaka (2003) +described the pupa and + +Choochote +et al +. (2001) + +described the egg of subspecies + +lineatopennis + +. +Gutsevich (1955) +described + +aureus + +from Kraskino, +Russia +, which is an urban locality in the Khasansky District of +Primorsky Krai +, located on the shore of Posyet Bay, +282 km +southwest of Vladivostok, near the border with +North Korea +. If or where a +type +series was deposited is not known. An unpublished (1973) translation by B. F. Eldridge of the original Russian description follows. + + + + + +Aedes + +( + +Aedes + +?) + +aureus +Gutzevich + +, +sp. n. + + + +Distinguishing features: Intense golden scales on lateral part of mesonotum. Large clearly outlined golden spot on occiput, presence of light scales on wings, irregularly shaped light spot on abdominal tergites [terga], entirely dark proboscis and tarsi. + + + +Female: Scales behind eye brown, abutting [eyes abutting? abutting eyes?]. Occiput with large spots of upright golden scales and hairs [setae]. Proboscis and palpi with unicolored brown scales; sometimes with middle third of proboscis having a single light scale. Proboscis as long as front femur. Length of antennae about 1/5 of length of proboscis. Antennae brown. Mesonotum with a longitudinal expanding [posteriorly?] stripe of chocolate-cinnamon scales. Lateral part of mesonotum with golden scales. Body of thorax devoid significantly of accumulated scales; the last forming a small spot on sternopleuron and mesepimeron. Bristles [Setae] (their arrangement and quantity play a part in the classification of the +Oriental +species of the subgenus + +Aedes + +): Proepimeral 6–8, parastigmatic [postspiracular] 5–7, upper mesepimeral 7–9, lower mesepimeral 3–5. Wing: costal vein covered with dark scales, subcosta mostly clear, cream-colored; base of radial, medial, and cubital vein with light scales, which vary among particular wings; anal vein with dark scales. Legs usually with dark scales; light longitudinal streak on posterior surface of femur, tibia, and first segment of tarsus. Tarsi without light rings. Claws equal on the anterior and middle tarsi and with teeth, the posterior tarsi without teeth. Abdomen from above usually with brown scales. Lighter yellowish-gray concentrated mainly in the middle and the anterior edge of the tergites, formed as indistinct spots. Abdominal hairs long, golden. Cerci very short. Length of body with proboscis +7–8 mm +. + + + + + +Material ( +13 females +) collected by +K.P. Chaginem +north of the +Kraskino Primorskovo region +in + +August 1947 + + +. + + + + +Gutsevich (1973) +, after comparison of + +aureus + +with + +lineatopennis + +from +South Africa +[= +Ae +. +mcintoshi +Huang, 1985 +], determined that + +aureus + +belonged in + +Aedes + +subgenus + +Neomelanoconion +, + +thus removing the initial doubt expressed in the original description. + + +Danilov (1977) +[summarized from a translation of the Russian] compared four + +aureus + +females from near the +type +locality with a female of + +lineatopennis + +from an undetermined [by us] locality in +China +(from the “IMP & TM collection”). To separate + +lineatopennis + +from + +aureus +, Danilov + +determined that since there was a wide range of variation in the key character of the extent of basal pale scaling on the abdominal terga of putative + +aureus + +specimens, and also a wide range in the number of setae on the frontal stripe, that the characters were unreliable. He cited the wide distribution of + +lineatopennis +, Afrotropical + +to +South Korea +, to conclude that + +aureus + +was simply a variant on the peripheral distribution of + +lineatopennis + +. He then decided, without explanation, that this distribution merited subspecies status for + +aureus + +. Of probable diagnostic significance, Danilov noted that + +aureus + +was much larger than + +lineatopennis + +. + + +The larva and male genitalia of + +aureus + +were later described and illustrated by +Shestakov (1980) +from specimens collected near the +type +locality. To further our understanding of his description, we generated a rough translation of his paper using Google Translate. Most informative to us, however, are his illustrations of the head and terminal segments of the larva and the male genitalia. We compared Shestakov’s illustrations of the larva with the larva of + +lineatopennis + +illustrated by +Mattingly (1961) +and +Knight & Hull (1953) +, and his illustrations of the male genitalia with the male genitalia of + +lineatopennis + +illustrated by +Huang (1985) +. In the larval stage, the antenna of + +aureus + +has large spines on the inner surface but in + +lineatopennis + +the large spines are distributed over all surfaces. The siphon of + +aureus + +is short (index about 1.5) and widened medially whereas in + +lineatopennis + +it is longer (index about 2.5) with the widening more basal. The anal papillae of + +aureus + +are about 1.5 times the length of the saddle, gradually narrowing, while in + +lineatopennis + +they are about 2.5 times the length of the saddle, slender and tapered to a point. In the male genitalia, the stout subapical spines of the gonocoxite appear to be shorter and more numerous in + +aureus + +(the + +aureus + +illustration is a bit stylized so it is difficult to confidently compare them). +Huang (1985) +used differences in the nature of these spines to distinguish +Ae +. +mcintoshi +from + +lineatopennis + +. Also, tergum IX of + +aureus + +is somewhat rounded, while in + +lineatopennis + +it is slightly emarginate. + + +The siphon of the + +lineatopennis + +larva illustrated by +Lee (1999) +and the siphon of + +aureus + +illustrated by +Shestakov (1980) +are both short and mesally expanded. Also, both nominal taxa exhibit peak activity in August and September ( +Shestakov 1980 +; + +Hwang +et al. +2020 + +). Since both are found in temperate climates in the same geographic region, we suspect that they are conspecific and the correct name for the form found in +Korea +is probably + +aureus + +, not + +lineatopennis + +. The name + +lineatopennis + +appears in all recent keys for the identification of mosquitoes that occur in the +Republic of Korea +( +South Korea +) ( +Lee & Egan 1985 +; Lee & Zorca 1987; +Lee 1999 +; +Ree 2003 +). The nominal taxon + +aureus + +has only been treated as a species by +Gutsevich (1955 +, +1971 +, +1973 +, 1974) and +Danilov (1977) +, and has only been designated and treated as a subspecies of + +lineatopennis + +by +Danilov (1977) +. + + +The nominal taxon + +lineatopennis + +apparently has a wide tropical distribution that extends from +India +to +Australia +. The nominal taxon + +aureus + +is only known from temperate areas ranging from the Korean peninsula to western +Russia +and probably +China +. In view of distinct ecological and morphological differences, we hereby restore subspecies + +aureus + +to species status: + + +Aedes +( +Neomelanoconion +) +aureus +Gutsevich, 1955 + + +. + +Aedes aureus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. Synonyms: None. + + + + + +Aedes +( +Neomelanoconion +) +lineatopennis +( +Ludlow, 1905 +) + +has one synonym: + +Pseudohowardina linealis +Taylor, 1913 + +. Synonymy by +Taylor (1916) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA2E0A76FF54F8F9FD9E59D0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA2E0A76FF54F8F9FD9E59D0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a7f1ea22d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA2E0A76FF54F8F9FD9E59D0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1169 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +caspius +(Pallas) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +caspius +( +Pallas, 1771 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex caspius + +. Distribution: +Afghanistan +, +Albania +, +Algeria +, +Armenia +, +Austria +, Azerbaijan, +Bahrain +, +Belarus +, +Belgium +, +Bosnia and Herzegovina +, +Bulgaria +, +Croatia +, +Cyprus +, +Czech Republic +, +Denmark +, +Djibouti +, +Egypt +, +Estonia +, +Finland +, +France +, FYRO Macedonia, Georgia, +Germany +, +Greece +, +Hungary +, +Iran +, +Iraq +, +Ireland +, +Israel +( +Gaza Strip +and +West Bank +), +Italy +, +Kosovo +, +Japan +, +Jordan +, +Kazakhstan +, +Latvia +, +Lebanon +, +Libya +, +Lithuania +, +Malta +, +Mauritania +, +Moldova +, +Mongolia +, +Montenegro +, +Morocco +, +Netherlands +, +Norway +, +Pakistan +, +Palestine +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Poland +, +Portugal +, +Qatar +, +Romania +, +Russia +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Serbia +, +Slovakia +, +Slovenia +, +Spain +(includes Balearic & +Canary Islands +), +Sri Lanka +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Sweden +, +Switzerland +, +Tajikistan +, +Tunisia +, +Turkey +, +Turkmenistan +, +Ukraine +, +United Arab Emirates +, +United Kingdom +, +Uzbekistan +, +Yemen +( + +Robert +et al +. 2019 + +; + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +, incorrectly listed from +Canada +and the +United States +). + + +subspecies + +hargreavesi +( +Edwards, 1920 +) + +—original combination: + +Ochlerotatus caspius +var. +hargreavesi + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: Taranto, +Italy +[ +Puglia region +] ( +Edwards 1920 +). + + +subspecies + +meirai +Ribeiro, da Cunha Ramos, Capela & Pires, 1980 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +caspius meirai + +. Distribution: +Cabo Verde +[ +Cape Verde +] ( +Republic of Cabo Verde +) (Ribeiro +et al +. 1980). + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from specimens collected in marshes near the Caspian Sea ( +Pallas 1771 +). No type specimens are known but +Edwards (1920) +wrote that the species was first collected from the northern Caspian Sea in the marshes near the city of Guriev [Guryev], present day +Atyrau +, capital of the +Atyrau Region +, +Kazakhstan +. However, Edwards did not give a source for his information. Given that + +caspius + +is a complex of at least two species (see below), a +neotype +and complete description from topotypic specimens are certainly needed. + + +Nominal + +caspius + +can be a very abundant pest. It is distributed throughout Europe, around the Mediterranean, the Middle East, +Mongolia +( +Minàř 1976 +), +China +( + +Becker +et al +. 2020 + +) and the northern sub-Saharan countries of +Chad +(Ndiaye +et al +. 2021), +Mauritania +( + +Mint Lekweiry +et al +. 2015 + +) and +Cabo Verde +(subspecies + +meirai + +). Specimens from +Mauritania +“showed 100% homology [rDNA ITS2] with published +Ae +. + +( +Ochlerotatus +) +caspius + +sequences from +Italy +.” Nominal + +caspius + +is halophytic, found in dryer climates, but it is also adapted to freshwater habitats. Predictive spatial modelling by + +Wint +et al +. (2020) + +, based on specimens and literature, reflects the above distribution, which would be expected since it is based on combined data that includes cryptic species. + + +The following are characters commonly used to identify the nominotypical form (after + +Becker +et al. +2020 + +and + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + +Adult female. Hindtarsomeres 1–4 with basal and apical pale bands, hindtarsomere 5 entirely pale-scaled; wing speckled with more or less evenly mixed dark and pale scales, costa predominantly dark-scaled; abdominal coloration highly variable, terga usually with median longitudinal pale stripe, tergum VII sometimes nearly all pale, or entire abdomen pale-scaled (variability documented in + +Toma +et al +. 2017 + +) [associated with hotter, drier areas]; scutum fawn-colored [light yellowish tan], with a pair of narrow dorsocentral pale yellowish stripes [usually referred to as white] reaching to posterior margin of the scutum. + + +Male +genitalia. Gonocoxite with undivided basal mesal lobe (BML) [basal lobe of authors] gradually arising from the gonocoxite, bearing two closely approximated spine-like setae, larger seta hook-shaped and strongly curved apically (tip usually extending backwards to almost the middle of the seta). + +Larva. Body surface without spicules; antenna uniformly spiculate, seta 1-A 3–12-branched; 18–28 comb scales in triangular patch, scales pointed (median apical spine distinctly longer than the others, at least on some scales); siphon index 1.8–2.6, elements of seta 1-S with 5–10 branches, inserted beyond middle of the siphon, with about 20 evenly spaced pecten spines reaching to about mid-length of the siphon, base of siphon with acus; segment X (anal segment) with incomplete saddle, and ventral brush (seta 4-X) with 12–17 cratal and 2 or 3 precratal setae; anal papillae lanceolate, 0.3–0.9 length of the saddle. + +Edwards (1920) +sought to define the nominate subspecies to separate it from closely related species, such as +Ae +. ( +Och +.) + +dorsalis +( +Meigen, 1830 +) + +and +Ae. +( +Och +.) +leucomelas +( +Meigen, 1804 +) [as +salinellus +Edwards, 1921b +]. He described variation in a “Large series of this species [ + +caspius + +]... recently... received at the British Museum from +Italy +, +Macedonia +, +Palestine +, +Egypt +and +Mesopotamia +, which show every gradation in the variation in the colour of the abdominal scales.... The thoracic coloration varies less; the two white longitudinal lines are nearly always present, though sometimes very narrow in +two specimens +from +Italy +, and in the +type +of + +G. longisquamosa + +[current synonym of the nominate subspecies], they are absent, the mesonotum then being uniformly fawn-coloured.” +Edwards (1920) +then named subspecies + +hargreavesi + +[as a variety of + +caspius + +] stating: “Among a series sent from Taranto, +Italy +( +E +. +Hargreaves +), are +six females +which have the whole of the central area of the mesonotum covered with whitish scales though in regard to abdominal markings they agree with moderately dark specimens of the species [ + +caspius + +]. Nothing approaching this variation has been seen from elsewhere and it therefore seems justifiable to distinguish them under a separate name.” However, it is a bit puzzling that he also mentioned the pale lines as being absent in the +type +of + +G +. +longisquamosa + +. +Harbach & Howard (2007) +later elevated + +variety +hargreavesi + +to subspecific status in accordance with Article 45.6.4 of the +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +. + + +The type locality of + +hargreavesi +, Taranto + +, is a coastal city in southern +Italy +in the region forming the heel of Italy’s “boot”. We are not aware of further collections in that part of +Italy +and + +hargreavesi + +is usually only mentioned in lists. This leaves us without confirmation/refutation of its validity using other life stages and DNA. +Townsend (1990) +reported the presence of +four syntypes +in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, which allows the possibility of DNA analysis. + + +Edwards (1921d) +, in a revision of Palearctic mosquitoes, wrote that the basal lobe in the closely related + +Ae. +dorsalis + +was “very prominent”, as opposed to “much less prominent” in + +caspius + +. The distinction is evident in an accompanying illustration. + + +In +Egypt +, +Kirkpatrick (1925) +noted in a key that the basal lobe of + +caspius + +had two spines and that the appendage of the claspette was not keeled. This is in contrast to +Ae. detritus +( +Haliday, 1833 +), which has a single spine and the claspette is keeled in the middle. Among specimens that Kirkpatrick otherwise considered to be + +caspius + +, he found two larval varieties. One with “Siphon about 2.3–2.6 times as long as broad; anal gills [anal papillae] longer than broad, two or three hair tufts [setae] outside barred area [grid] of ventral brush [precratal setae]. + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +caspius + +.” The other with “Siphon about 1.9–2.0 times as long as broad; anal gills very small and round; ventral brush with four or five tufts outside barred area. + +A +. +caspius + +, larval variety.” + + +Kirkpatrick (1925) +described and illustrated the basal mesal lobe of + +caspius + +thusly: “Basal lobe rather large, triangular, with an almost straight spine [seta] rising from near its apex, and a longer stouter spine with a strongly curved tip rising at about one third of the distance from the apex; the basal lobe also bears a row of short straight bristles [setae].” A large triangular lobe and the row of short “bristles” are unlike what others had observed for + +caspius + +. + + +Barraud (1934) +likewise described and illustrated an apparently different basal mesal lobe: “coxite [gonocoxite] with pronounced basal [mesal] lobe carrying a strong bristly spine [seta] with hooked tip, one short spine, and a small number of flattened straight, bristles [setae]”. Flattened straight setae are not mentioned elsewhere in the literature. + + +Marshall (1938) +, in +The British Mosquitoes +, described and illustrated all life stages (except the egg) in detail, seemingly in agreement with the general concept of + +caspius + +given above. Regarding the basal mesal lobe, he stated: “The basal [mesal] lobe of + +A. caspius + +carries a dense mass of bristles [setae], as well as two stout, conspicuous spines [setae]; the spine lying nearer to the base of the coxite [gonocoxite] being considerably longer than its companion, and having a markedly recurved extremity.As will be noted later, the hypopygium [genitalia] of + +A. caspius + +would be practically indistinguishable from that of + +A. dorsalis + +were it not for the fact that the basal lobe of the latter species is noticeably constricted at the base”. +Clavero (1946) +and +Natvig (1948) +also described similar characteristics of + +caspius + +from other European countries. + + + +Senevet +et al +. (1949) + +reported putative + +caspius + +specimens from three sites in French North Africa: Quargla, capital city of Quargla Province in the Sahara in southern +Algeria +; Salah, an oasis town in central +Algeria +, and +Gabès +, capital city of the +Gabès Governorate +, located on the coast of the Gulf of +Gabès +in what is now +Tunisia +. The Quargla specimens were different from typical + +caspius + +and different from specimens from the other two North African sites. “The scutum is absolutely devoid of the classically described white lines. It is completely and uniformly covered with tan [pale brown] scales. The basal mesal lobe is like the classical descriptions and drawings of +Edwards [1921d] +, of +Kirkpatrick [1925] +, of +Barraud [1934] +, etc., and stands out only slightly, at a slight angle, covered with numerous setae. One of them is very large and bent into an ‘S’ shape or hooked, inserted on the apical half or two thirds of the lobe. There is another less developed seta, half the length of the large one, borne anteriorly on the lobe. The lobe therefore agrees well with the illustration of Edwards” (translated from the French). + +Senevet +et al +. (1949) + +did not describe exactly how the basal lobe differs, but the illustration suggests a rounded lobe with a much longer primary seta. The lobes of tergum IX of males from Quargla are different from the others as well. They are twice as long as wide, straight and slightly curved inwards. The illustrations given of the ninth tergal lobes from the three sites appear different in shape and in the number and nature of the setae. The claspette is also different from others, not exhibiting a narrowing on the base of the claspette, having a large tubercle between the base and filament, and having a seta basally. + + +The + +caspius + +reported by +Minàř (1976) +from +Mongolia +was compared to the closely related +Ae +. + +dorsalis + +. Of note is the depiction of the basal mesal lobes of both species as slightly projecting but of slightly different shapes, but not rounded. + + +The above variation was brought into sharper focus by + +Cianchi +et al +. (1980) + +, who, using allozyme electrophoresis, found two distinct sympatric entities, + +caspius + +species “A” and + +caspius + +species “B”. Since then there have been multiple indications of a complex of species. +Darsie & Samanidou-Voyadjoglou (1997) +separated two larval forms of + +caspius +sensu lato + +in +Greece +. +Schaffner (1998) +suggested that only species “A” of Cianchi +et al +. was identified in +France +, so far only along the Atlantic coastline. + +Knio +et al +. (2005) + +wrote that “ + +Ochlerotatus caspius + +appeared to be a complex of species. Morphological differences... between the population in the South of +Lebanon +from the Kasmieh River and the rest of the populations. ...Kasmieh River matched the typical description of + +Oc +. +caspius + +... in having... two submedial lines of whitish scales running along the length of the scutum. ...The rest of the specimens differed in having a scutum covered with scales golden-brown in color, which was similar to the description of + +Ochlerotatus +( +Ochlerotatus +) +mariae + +[scutum mainly golden brown-scaled, without definite longitudinal stripes].... Therefore, they seem to be a species near + +caspius + +and thus remain to be classified under + +Oc +. +caspius + +, which seems to be a species complex.” + +Wassim +et al +. (2013) + +stated that “They [the two forms of + +caspius + +] have been identified as an autogenous [ +sic +, anautogenous] form which requires a blood meal for egg development, need open space to breed (eurygamous) and abound in fresh water pools in agricultural areas, while the autogenous form is able to mate in confined spaces (stenogamous) and inhabits brackish and salty water breeding sites in coastal and inland desert areas...”. + +Soliman +et al +. (2014) + +, in a study of egg morphology, found that the “Fine structure micrographic work of eggs of the Egyptian +Ae +. + +caspius + +provides new morphological evidence that both autogenous and unautogenous [ +sic +] forms are certainly different and suggests that those forms are two distinct species.” Doosti +et al +. (2017) found strong evidence using mtDNA +COI +and +COII +gene sequences that indicated two species in + +caspius +sensu lato + +. Detailed distributions of these two putative species have not yet been determined. Neither is it clear if + +caspius + +“A” or + +caspius + +“B” found in the Middle East corresponds to forms in Europe. The assumption seems to be that “A” and “B” are in Europe and that “A” is + +caspius +sensu stricto + +. + + +In contrast, + +Porretta +et al +. (2011) + +, using +COI +and +COII +gene sequences, studied the population genetics of 12 + +caspius + +populations from southern Europe and four from the western Mediterranean. They found no genetic structuring, which would be expected if habitats of this species had not been fragmented during the last ice age. They did not acknowledge the existence of + +caspius + +“A” or “B”, subspecies + +hargreavesi + +from +Italy +or subspecies + +meirai + +from +Cabo Verde +. + + +The existence of a species complex is not only suggested but proven with the characterization of + +caspius + +“A” and “B”, and other species probably exist in the complex. It is problematic to guess the status of subspecies + +hargreavesi + +since it has not been reported again from near its +type +locality and no other life stages have been studied. However, with the caveat that normal variation could be responsible for the pale scuta that Edwards observed, the character, supposedly representative of + +caspius + +“B”, by + +Knio +et al. +(2005) + +(see above). We tentatively predict that subspecies + +hargreavesi + +corresponds to + +caspius + +“B” of + +Cianchi +et al. +(1980) + +. For this reason we formally elevate it here to species status: + + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +hargreavesi +( +Edwards, 1920 +) + + +. + +Aedes hargreavesi + +is not currently included as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life and should be added to the list of species of the genus. + + +Ribeiro +et al. +(1980) described subspecies + +meirai + +from islands in the +Republic of Cabo Verde +(also called +Cape Verde +). +Cape Verde +is located +570 km +from the westernmost point of Africa, the +Cape Verde +Peninsula, +Dakar +, +Senegal +, after which it is named. It is in the Macaronesia ecoregion, along with the Azores, the Canary Islands, Madeira and the Savage Isles. +Cabo Verde +is about the same distance west from the +Cape Verde +Peninsula as it is from where + +caspius + +was found on continental Africa in +Mauritania +( + +Mint Lekweiry +et al. +2015 + +). + + + +Aedes caspius +sensu lato + +was first recorded from +Cabo Verde +by +de Meira (1952) +. Ribeiro +et al. +(1980) wrote: “...a detailed analysis of the Cabo-Verdian + +Aedes caspius + +revealed the existence of some morphological differences which, combined with other factors, namely the practically complete geographical isolation of the +Cabo Verde +population, assumed taxonomic significance at the subspecific level. ...the comparisons [with the new subspecies] were based on samples of + +caspius +s.1 + +. from the south of +Portugal +(Algarve and Alentejo)” (translated from the Portuguese). Further they wrote: “Diagnosis. Not all individuals of the new subspecies are distinguishable from the nominate subspecies…. [new paragraph] The distinction of the two subspecies of +Ae +. + +caspius + +is based on the presence or absence of an accessory spine [seta] on the basal [mesal] lobe of the coxite [gonocoxite], on the terminalia [genitalia] of males, duplicating the postero-external spine [seta] (fig. 59) [figure number from the original publication]. Absent in the nominal subspecies ( +49 specimens +examined from +Portugal +), this spine was present, at least on one side, in 12 of the +36 males +from the island of Boa Vista examined for this character (six of which, including the +holotype +and 2 ♂ +paratypes +, have accessory spines on both sides)” (translated from the Portuguese). + + +Ribeiro +et al. +(1980) also did counts of select features in comparison with their specimens from +Portugal +. Pupa: Setae 1-III,IV and 10-CT. Larva: Comb scales, pecten spines, antenna length to width ratio and seta 1-A. We noted significant overlap in all of these. + + +We do not believe that a single apparently anomalous character, present in only one third of the males of + +caspius + +from Cabo Verde, in comparison with a small sample from a single locality in the extensive range of the nominal form, is sufficient evidence to demonstrate genetic divergence. For this reason, we regard subspecies + +meirai + +as a synonym of the nominal form: + + +meirai +Ribeiro, da Cunha Ramos, Capela & Pires, 1980 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +caspius +( +Pallas, 1771 +) + + +. Consequently, “ + +Aedes meirai + +” should be removed from the list of species of + +Aedes + +in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +There is a parallel example which reinforces our decision. There are six other mosquito species in +Cape Verde +that are also present on mainland Africa, one of which is + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +arabiensis +Patton, 1905 + +. A year before the description of subspecies + +meirai + +, the same authors ( + +Ribeiro +et al. +1979 + +) proposed a new subspecies, + +An +. +quadriannulatus davidsoni +Ribeiro, da Cunha Ramos, Pires & Capela, 1979 + +, based on many overlapping characters with other members of the Gambiae Complex known at the time. + +Cambournac +et al +. (1982) + +disagreed and asserted that the species in +Cabo Verde +was + +An +. +arabiensis + +, and the populations in +Cape Verde +were not different from those on the mainland. The implied synonymy of +davidsoni +with + +arabiensis + +is currently accepted. + + +Eleven synonyms of the nominotypical form are listed in + +Wilkerson +et al. +(2021) + +. Until species in the Caspius Complex are characterized, we retain, in addition to + +meirai + +, 11 synonyms of +Ae +. + +caspius + +: + +Culex punctatus +Meigen, 1804 +(Aden) + +; + +Culex siculus +Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827 +(Sicily) + +; + +Culex maculiventris +Macquart, 1846 +( +Algeria +) + +; + +Culex penicillaris +Rondani, 1872 + +( +Italy +, potentially a synonym of + +Ae. +hargreavesi + +); + +Grabhamia longisquamosa +Theobald, 1905b +( +Tunisia +) + +; + +Grabhamia subtilis +Sergent & Sergent, 1905 +( +Algeria +) + +; + +Mansonia arabica +Giles, 1906 +( +Bahrain +) + +; + +Taeniorhynchus africanus +Neveu-Lemaire, 1906 +( +Egypt +) + +; + +Grabhamia willcocksii +Theobald, 1907 +( +Egypt +) + +; + +Culex arabicus +Becker, 1910 +( +Yemen +) + +; + +Aedes +( +Ochlerotatus +) +epsilonn +Séguy, 1924 +( +Algeria +) + +. There are no synonyms for +Ae. + +hargreavesi +( +Edwards, 1920 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA380A5BFF54FE5EFD3E59FD.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA380A5BFF54FE5EFD3E59FD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7bad1c46ca0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA380A5BFF54FE5EFD3E59FD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,356 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +durbanensis +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +angolae +Ribeiro & Ramos, 1974 + +—original combination: + +Aedes durbanensis angolae + +. Distribution: +Angola +( +Ribeiro +& Ramos 1974). + + +subspecies + +durbanensis +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +—original combination: + +Grabhamia durbanensis + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Congo, +Democratic Republic of the +Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Madagascar +, +Mozambique +, +South Africa +, +Tanzania +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from a single female from Durban, +South Africa +[ +KwaZulu-Natal Province +]. It was characterized as follows (after +Theobald 1903a +): Head with silvery gray narrow curved scales; clypeus black, with a tubercle on each side near base; proboscis pale brownish yellow overall, apex and base black; maxillary palpus densely scaled, brown basally, white at apex; antenna deep brownish yellow with first 3 flagellomeres dull brick red, first flagellomere with white scales, second and third with dark scales; thorax with rich brown ornamentation, to some extent forming ornamentation at the sides, scutellum with pale narrow curved scales, pleura brown with gray scales; femora and tibiae mottled with pale scales, tarsomeres with narrow pale basal bands; wing mottled with pale and dark scales; abdomen black, with basal white bands and apicolateral yellow spots. Theobald emphasized that “It can be at once told by the thoracic ornamentation, peculiar mottled wings, and basal abdominal banding, and apical yellow lateral spots.” + + +The male genitalia of the +type +form were described and illustrated by +Edwards (1941) +, who noted: “Style [gonostylus] with a row of long curved hairs [setae] on distal margin and many more hairs on the surface, spine [gonostylar claw] inserted well before tip at broadest part of style; no apical hair-tuft on coxite [gonocoxite], basal lobe [basal mesal lobe] peculiar in having a regular row of hairs on its margin.” These features were also reported by +Ribeiro & Ramos (1974) +and +Jupp (1996) +. The pupal stage of + +durbanensis + +was very briefly described and the trumpet and paddle illustrated by + +de Meillon +et al +. (1945) + +. The egg was described in detail by +Linley & Service (1994) +. + + +Subspecies + +angolae + +was described and illustrated in direct comparison with + +durbanensis + +by +Ribeiro & Ramos (1974) +using female, male and larval specimens of + +angolae + +from Moçâmedes, +Namibe Province +, coastal +Angola +, +15º 12′ S +, +12º 09′ E +[verbatim coordinates not verified]. Specimens of + +durbanensis + +used in the description were from Natal, +South Africa +and Lourenço Marques, +Mozambique +. The authors stated: “In the female sex, +Ae +. + +durbanensis +angolae + +subsp. nov. +cannot be distinguished from the nominate subspecies.” However, they pointed out diagnostic characters in the male genitalia and larva (see below). Note that Ribeiro & Ramos were motivated to sort out the identity of these taxa, along with a similar species found on the Angolan coast, +Ae +. +natronius +Edwards, 1932b +: “it became clear not only that the description of the larva, given by Rebelo and Pereira (1) [1943, not seen by us] and taken by Hopkins (2) [1952], was not a satisfactory one but also that a subspecific treatment might be given to the angolan [ +sic +] population of +Ae +. + +durbanensis + +.” For us, the larva of putative + +durbanensis + +described and illustrated by +Hopkins (1952) +is another, yet to be determined, species. It exhibits an incomplete saddle, short anal papillae (as in + +angolae + +), a straight row of comb scales and very short pecten spines. + + +Males of the two forms differ, according to +Ribeiro & Ramos (1974) +, as follow [figure numbers refer to the original publication]: “Males of both subspecies, however, can be readily separated on the basis of genitalic characters. While + +Ae. +durbanensis +angolae + +subsp. nov. +(Fig. 4) has a row of l0–12 setae along the distal margin of basal lobe of coxite [gonocoxite] and has only subequal, small setae on the lateral surface of style [gonostylus], the nominate subspecies (Fig. 1) has only 5 or 6 setae along distal margin of basal lobe of coxite and the 2 or 3 most basal setae of its style are unusually long, about 1/3 or more the length of the style itself.” Other differences are illustrated but we did not undertake further study. + + +Distinguishing differences of larvae are summarized as follow. In + +durbanensis +: Comb + +scales asymmetrical, 7 or 8 (6–19) in a single row; siphon longer, index 2.2–2.5 (2.4); pecten spines moderately long and pointed, longest spine 5 or 6 times longer than width at base, mostly asymmetrical with a few basal denticles, distal 2 or 3 spines unequally spaced; anal papillae slightly longer than saddle, with round lanceolate apices. In + +angolae +: Comb + +scales symmetrical, about 10 (8–20) arranged in 1 or 2 irregular rows; siphon shorter, index 1.7–2.0 (1.9); pecten spines very long, finely drawn out, longest spine about 7 to 10 time longer than width at base, also with a few basal denticles, spines equally spaced on siphon; anal papillae not or only slightly longer than saddle, ovoid or round lanceolate. + + +Based on the above diagnostic characters, and the great distance between the +type +localities, without evidence of intermediate forms, we think the two nominal taxa are separate species and here elevate + +angolae + +to species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +angolae +Ribeiro & Ramos, 1974 + + +. + +Aedes angolae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life; however, the authorship is incorrectly attributed to only the first author. + + +Synonym + +Grabhamia ocellata +Theobald, 1910 + +was described from +four females +and +three males +from +Maputo +Bay (‘Delagoa Bay’) [ +Townsend 1990 +]. +Theobald (1910) +listed the collection site as “ +Habitat +.―Lourenco Marques.” +Maputo +is the capital of +Mozambique +, which has the official name of Lourenço Marques. Geographically, the type localities of + +durbanensis + +and + +ocellata + +are very close. We think the description of the female of + +ocellata + +does not differ significantly from that of + +durbanensis +, + +except for two prominent black spots on the thorax in + +ocellata + +, presumably on the scutal fossae. We have not examined the +syntype +series to verify this. However, for some reason, Theobald did not compare + +ocellata + +with + +durbanensis + +. +Edwards (1911b) +stated “The type of + +G. durbanensis + +is a small specimen, but evidently the same as + +G. ocellata + +.” This implied synonymy has been followed since. However, the lack of comment from Theobald, the distinctive dark eye-like thoracic spots and Theobald’s statement that “The genitalia [of + +ocellata + +] are very marked.”, referring to the large paddle-shaped gonostylus, also seen in later treatments of + +durbanensis + +, indicate that a closer look is needed to verify its status. For now, we retain it as a synonym of +Ae +. ( +Aed +.) + +durbanensis +(Theobald) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3A0A5CFF54FA8AFD925BA8.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3A0A5CFF54FA8AFD925BA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..78dd1c8d966 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3A0A5CFF54FA8AFD925BA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +cumminsii +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +cumminsii +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +—original combination: + +Culex cumminsii + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Mali +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Africa +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. + +2021). + + +subspecies + +mesostictus +Harbach, 2018 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +mesostictus + +[ +nomen novum +for + +mediopunctata +Theobald, 1909 + +; formerly + +Aedes cumminsii mediopunctatus +( +Theobald, 1909 +) + +; subspecific status by +Harbach +& Howard, 2007]. Distribution: +Ghana +, + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. + + + + +The taxa under review here are placed in the + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +dentatus + +group of +Edwards (1941) +and +McIntosh (1975) +, which also includes +bevisi +( +Edwards, 1915 +), + +dentatus +( +Theobald, 1904 +) + +, +holocinctus +Edwards, 1941 +, +pachyurus +Edwards, 1936 +and +subdentatus +Edwards, 1936 +. According to +McIntosh (1975) +the + +dentatus + +group is “Similar to +leesoni +group except: scutellar scales always narrow; hind posttarsal claws armed; basal mesal lobe well developed; gonostylus expanding gradually towards apex and therefore without a contrastingly narrow arm; a single strong gonostylar claw present; comb with spines.” We think the similarities in the male genitalia of these species, especially the form of the gonostylus, are evidence of a monophyletic (“natural”) grouping. + + +The nominotypical form was described from a single female, “perfect except for the ends of the hindlegs”, collected in Bahr-el-Ghazal, Central Africa [north-central +South Sudan +]. +Theobald (1903a) +wrote that “It is a large and handsome species, unlike anything I have seen from Africa.” He illustrated the head, a prothoracic lobe and anterior-most part of the scutum. Selected portions of the description follow: “Head deep brown, with narrow-curved, pale golden scales and numerous long, black, upright forked scales, and small, flat, paler scales at the sides; palpi and proboscis deep brown, covered with blackish-brown scales… clypeus deep brown; antennae deep brown, with pale pubescence and deep brown verticillate hairs, basal joint testaceous, with a few pale scales, second joint also testaceous at the base, with a few pale scales on the inside…. Thorax deep rich brown, covered with narrow, hair-like, curved golden scales, with two small patches just in front of the scutellum; scutellum pale brown, with narrow-curved, creamy scales… pleurae brown… with numerous flat creamy-white scales…. Abdomen deep brown, unbanded, with large basal, white, lateral spots… venter paler than the dorsum, with ochraceous hue, with pale creamy scales and the apical borders of the segments dark. Legs deep brown, coxae brown, base and venter of femora pale…. Halteres pallid.” + + +The synonym of + +cumminsii + +, + +Culicada fuscopalpalis +Theobald, 1909 + +, along with subspecies + +mesostictus +Harbach + +(as + +Culicada mediopunctata +Theobald, 1909 + +) were described from Obuasi [ +Ashanti Region +, +Ghana +]; + +fuscopalpalis + +from a single male and + +mediopunctata + +from a single female. In general, both seem similar to + +cumminsii + +, but there is no mention by Theobald of resemblance to either. Synonym + +fuscopalpalis + +has the “Abdomen deep brown with black scales and basal bands of creamy scales, long golden brown lateral hairs [setae]; venter pale ochreous with narrow black apical bands… a yellow spot at the apex of the hind tibiae…. This well-marked +Culicada +[ +sic +] can at once be told by the male claspers…. No +♀ +was found in the collection.” If it becomes a valid name, since this describes a male, characters of a corresponding female could differ. Subspecies + +mesostictus + +(= + +mediopunctata + +) has “a dense bright golden border of scales around the eyes…. Abdomen deep blackish-brown, almost black, the segments, except the basal one, with median basal dull-white patches; border bristles [setae] golden; laterally are pale creamy basal lateral patches; venter yellow scaled, except at the apex, where they are creamy, each segment with a narrow dark scaled apical border… apex of hind tibiae with a prominent white band…. Halteres with pale stem and fuscous knob… easily told by the basal central pale abdominal spots.” Therefore, the abdomen of both + +cumminsii + +and + +mediopunctatus + +(= + +mesostictus + +) has basolateral pale patches and + +mediopunctatus + +(= + +mesostictus + +) also has mesal pale spots. + + +Also associated with + +cumminsii +sensu lato + +is a currently recognized synonym of + +mesostictus + +, + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +cumminsi + + +( +sic +) var. +daruensis +Evans, 1925 + +from Moa River, Daru, +Sierra Leone +. Evans described +daruensis +by briefly comparing it with + +cumminsii + +. She noted: “ +Abdomen +with small, but well-defined median, basal, pale spots on the third to seventh segments.” Evans provided an illustration of the male genitalia, which are characteristic of other species related to + +cumminsii + +. + + +Edwards (1941) +reviewed what was known about this group and included + +cumminsii + +and + +mediopunctatus + +(= + +mesostictus + +), as a subspecies of + +cumminsii + +, in a key. Confusingly, he stated that + +cumminsii + +had the “Abdomen all dark above.” and + +mediopunctatus + +(= + +mesostictus + +) “Differs from the typical form chiefly if not solely in possessing small median basal whitish spots on the abdominal tergites [terga] in both sexes.” + + +Adding to the overall confusion concerning the concept of + +cumminsii +sensu stricto + +, except for the illustration of the head by +Theobald (1903a) +and various depictions of the male genitalia, none of which show obvious differences, there are no illustrations of any adult characters except for recent color photographs of + +cumminsii +sensu lato + +from +South Africa +( + +Guarido +et al +. 2021 + +). Thoracic and abdominal characters in these photographs are sufficient to see resemblances and differences with known descriptions of + +cumminsii +sensu lato +. + + + +Hopkins (1952) +described and illustrated, in detail, the larva of + +cumminsii + +from +Uganda +but did not associate it with adult characters nor make mention of + +mediopunctatus + +(= + +mesostictus + +) or other names associated with + +cumminsii + +. The larva he described would be easily recognized since it has the integument of the thorax and abdomen with numerous small, chitinous plates. We have found no characterizations of the pupal stage. + + +In an ecological study of + +Aedes +species + +in northeastern +South Africa +, + +Guarido +et al +. (2021) + +, using the +COI +“barcode” gene ( + +Hebert +et al. +2003 + +), added to the questions surrounding the identity of + +cumminsii +sensu lato + +. “Species belonging to + +Aedimorphus + +subgenera [ +sic +] were recovered in different clusters [in their phylogenetic trees], suggesting that this subgenus is not monophyletic in this study. Sequences produced here from mosquitoes which were identified morphologically as + +Ae. +cumminsii + +… clustered with +Ae. pachyurus +(of the same group) and +Ae. quasiunivittatus +(of another group within the same subgenus) and did not cluster together with sequences from + +Ae. +cumminsii + +from +Kenya +…. This species was originally described in +Ghana +and is widely distributed in Africa. Subspecies based on subtle differences in abdomen scaling have been described, such as + +ssp. +mediopunctatus +(Theobald) + +… and it is not surprising that specimens from +South Africa +are different. + +Aedes cumminsii + +likely represents a complex of species which will require further studies to elucidate their taxonomy”. + + +The nominal taxa discussed here clearly represent a species complex that will require much more effort to resolve, but there is no indication that + +mesostictus + +(= + +mediopunctatus + +) is other than a valid species related to + +cumminsii + +. We therefore elevate it to species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +mesostictus +Harbach, 2018 + + +. + +Aedes mesostictus + +is currently listed as a species (as + +Ae. +mediopunctatus + +, incorrectly attributed to +Theobald 1905d +), in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +We do not think there is enough known about this group to place the two junior subjective synonyms ( + +fuscopalpalis + +and +daruensis +) with either + +Ae. +cumminsii + +or + +Ae. +mesostictus + +. We therefore choose to list them, for now, as synonyms of + +cumminsii + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3B0A5EFF54FD79FE5C5ED1.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3B0A5EFF54FD79FE5C5ED1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5cd717f585d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3B0A5EFF54FD79FE5C5ED1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,394 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +abnormalis +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +abnormalis +( +Theobald, 1909 +) + +—original combination: + +Bathosomyia abnormalis + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Central +African Republic, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Ghana +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +subspecies + +kabwachensis +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +abnormalis +ssp. +kabwachensis + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Kenya +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Theobald (1909 +, +1910 +) described + +abnormalis + +as the only species in his new genus + +Bathosomyia + +. The description was based on +two males +, one unlabelled. +Townsend (1990) +wrote: “ +Syntype +— +Ghana +: +1 male +[poor condition], Ashanati, Obuasi.” A drawing of a slide-mounted clasper [gonostylus] accompanies the description. The male genitalia were remounted by +Edwards (1917) +, who illustrated the opposite side of the Theobald-illustrated structure. Some selected characters for the genus follow. “Head with loose flat scales, except for a few small narrow curved ones in the middle at the base.” “Thorax with rather large narrow-curved scales, also the scutellum….” “Male clasper swollen and with large spines and one large apical curved spine. +First posterior cell +[cell R +5 +] +almost uniform in breath +[emphasis by Theobald]. …this presents a very marked genus on account of the squamose characters of the head, the marked first posterior cell, and the peculiar claspers to the male genitalia.” Additional selected characters in the species description Include: “Abdomen brown with basal creamy bands broadened in the middle. Legs uniformly brown, hind tibiae with pale apex.” In the male: “Thorax deep brown, clothed with rather large pale creamy narrow-curved scales and brown chaetae [setae]; scutellum ochreous brown with narrow-curved pale creamy scales. …Clasper of genitalia very marked, broadly expanded apically with several large spines and one large curved broad spine at apex. …The genitalia are very peculiar, and the general pale scaled head and thorax, and the large pale basal abdominal patches, should at once separate it.” + + +To our knowledge, the nominotypical subspecies remains known only from those +two males +. +Hopkins (1952) +described the larva of + +abnormalis + +and included it in a key, but his observations were based on larval exuviae of +paratypes +of subspecies + +kabwachensis + +. There have been a number of virus isolations from + +Ae. +abnormalis +sensu lato + +but no mention has been made about how identifications were carried out ( +Worth & de Meillon 1960 +; + +Mutebi +et al +. 2012 + +). + + +Edwards (1941) +described subspecies + +kabwachensis + +based on reared specimens from Kabwach, +Kenya +. He designated a male as the +holotype +and provided brief descriptions of the male, female and pupa. +Hopkins (1952) +, as noted above, described the larva as + +Ae. +abnormalis + +. +Townsend (1990) +wrote [square brackets from original]: “ + +kabwachensis +Edwards, 1941: 181–182 + +, 395, 432 ( + +Aedes (Aedimorphus) abnormalis + +subsp.). +Holotype +male [P & L skins on slide]— +Kenya +: [Kavirondoj], Kabwach Forest, [ +Kisii +]. +Paratypes +(7)— +Kenya +: +7 female +. …Edwards labelled the male as +holotype +, but the label was obscured beneath the locality label. Mattingly’s (1956b: 38–39) +lectotype +designation is therefore invalid. I have removed Mattingly’s and Edwards’ labels and replaced them with a standard BMNH ‘holotype’ label. The genitalia of +paratypes +on two pinned mounts are supernumerary to pinned series.” + + +The hindfemora of subspecies + +kabwachensis + +and + +abnormalis + +lack an apical pale spot. The two differ in that + +abnormalis + +has all three scutellar lobes with narrow scales whereas + +kabwachensis + +has broad scales on the lateral lobes and narrow scales on the middle lobe; and the vertex of + +abnormalis + +has mostly broad decumbent scales, while + +kabwachensis + +has the vertex with mostly narrow decumbent scales. Since the female of + +abnormalis + +is not known it is possible that these differences are due to sexual dimorphism. + + +Edwards (1941) +redescribed the male genitalia of + +abnormalis + +as follows: “Style [gonostylus] with slender stem and greatly expanded distal portion, with a fairly long horn [gonostylar claw], a row of five sharp-pointed spines on the terminal margin, and a stronger spine adjacent to which is a small pubescent point, lower part of expanded portion bare; coxite [gonocoxite] broad in middle.” For + +kabwachensis + +: “almost as in the +type +of + +A. abnormalis + +, the only obvious difference being in the shape of the expanded portion of the style.” The drawings provided by Edwards (fig. 52a, +type +form; fig. 52c, + +kabwachensis + +) show that the shape of the apical structures of the gonostylus of both are similar, as described. The stem [stalk, basal portion of the gonostylus] of the +type +form, however, appears much narrower than for + +kabwachensis + +, and the median expansion of the gonocoxite is broader and more rounded in + +kabwachensis + +than in the +type +form. Although not discussed, it appears to us from the drawings that the basal piece of the phallosome is much narrower and almost pointed in the +type +form, broader in + +kabwachensis + +, and tergum IX of the +type +form is concave posteriorly while in + +kabwachensis + +it is narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly. Other features shown in the illustrations of the male genitalia are not distinct enough for comparison. + + +It is not clear, except for similar adult morphology, why Edwards thought the two forms should be subspecies rather than full species. There is immense geographical distance between the two forms, type form from far western Africa, + +kabwachensis + +from eastern Africa. This of course could be an artefact of so few specimens available for study. For comparisons, only the males are known for both. The larval and pupal exuviae of the +holotype +and +paratypes +of + +kabwachensis + +exist but only the male has been described in any detail. However, we think the few characters that separate males of the two forms are significant and indicate two genetically independent species. For this reason, we hereby elevate + +kabwachensis + +to species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +kabwachensis +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Aedes kabwachensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +As an aside, +Wigglesworth (1929) +, accepting the identification by Edwards, described and illustrated the larva and pupa of what they both thought was + +abnormalis +, + +but which later was recognized by Edwards as a misidentification of a new species, which he named + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +wigglesworthi +Edwards, 1941 + +. No subsequent taxonomic catalog has recognized the misidentification or that +Wigglesworth (1929) +was the source of the description of the species named in his honor. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3C0A47FF54FE89FBB65C9C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3C0A47FF54FE89FBB65C9C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f3a75e3404 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3C0A47FF54FE89FBB65C9C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,723 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +vexans +(Meigen) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +arabiensis +( +Patton, 1905 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex arabiensis + +(subspecific status by +White 1975 +). Distribution: +Gambia +, +Mauritania +, +Mauritius +, +Nigeria +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Somalia +, +South Africa +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Yemen +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +nipponii +( +Theobald, 1907 +) + +—original combination: + +Culicada nipponii + +(subspecific status by +Bohart & Ingram 1946b +). Distribution: Georgia, +Japan +, +Mongolia +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Russia +, +South Korea +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +nocturnus +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +—original combination: + +Culex nocturnus + +(subspecific status by +Bohart & Ingram +1946b). Distribution: +Australia +, +Cook Islands +(Polynesia), +Fiji +, +Indonesia +, +Kiribati +, +Malaysia +, +Mariana Islands +, +Marshall +Islands, +New Caledonia +, +Palau +, +Papua New Guinea +, +Samoa +, +Solomon Islands +, Timor, +Tonga +, +Tuvalu +, +Vanuatu +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +vexans +( +Meigen, 1830 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex vexans + +. Distribution [ +sensu lato +]: +Afghanistan +, +Albania +, +Algeria +, +Armenia +, +Australia +, +Austria +, +Azerbaijan +, +Bangladesh +, +Belarus +, +Belgium +, +Belize +, +Bosnia and Herzegovina +, +Bulgaria +, +Cambodia +, +Canada +, +Corsica +, Crimean Peninsula, +Croatia +, +Czech Republic +, +Denmark +, +Estonia +, +Fiji +, +Finland +, +France +, +Former +Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, +Gambia +, +Georgia +, +Germany +, +Greece +, +Guam +, +Guatemala +, +Honduras +, +Hong Kong +, +Hungary +, +India +, +Indonesia Iran +, +Iraq +, +Italy Japan +, +Jordan +, +Kazakhstan +, +Kiribati +, +Kosovo +, +Laos +, +Latvia +, +Liberia +, +Libya +, +Lithuania +, Macedonia, +Malaysia +, +Malta +, +Mariana Islands +, +Mauritania +, +Mexico +, +Micronesia +, +Moldova +, +Mongolia +, +Montenegro +, +Morocco +, +Myanmar +, +Nepal +, +Netherlands +, +New Caledonia +, +New Zealand +, +Norway +, +Pakistan +, +Papua New Guinea +, +People’s +Republic of China, +Philippines +, +Poland +, +Portugal +, +Romania +, +Russia +, +Samoa +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Serbia +, +Singapore +, +Slovakia +, +Slovenia +, +Solomon Islands +, +South Africa +, +South Korea +, +Spain +, +Sri Lanka +, +Sweden +, +Switzerland +, +Taiwan +, +Tajikistan +, +Thailand +, +Tonga +, +Turkey +, +Turkmenistan +, +Tuvalu +, +Ukraine +, +United Kingdom +, +United States +, +Uzbekistan +, +Vanuatu +, +Vietnam +, +Yemen +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Aedes vexans +sensu lato + +, occurs worldwide except for South America. Since +Ae +. + +vexans +sensu lato + +is a common, medically important species, it has attracted worldwide interest. In summary, we think that two of the nominal subspecies have characteristics that adequately separate them from typical + +vexans + +: subspecies + +nipponii + +( +Japan +and the eastern Palaearctic) and subspecies + +arabiensis + +(northeastern Africa and Arabia [ +South Africa +?]). However, the third subspecies, + +nocturnus + +(Central Pacific and Australasia) has generated taxonomic inconsistency since there are no clear differences to distinguish it. There are regional keys to identify the four nominal subspecies from cooccurring species of + +Aedes + +, but there are no keys to separate the subspecies from each other. A partial exception is +Reinert (1973) +, who compared a worldwide concept of + +vexans vexans + +with the allopatric + +vexans +nipponii +. + + + + +Nominotypical + +vexans + + + + +To compare the nominal forms, we first define nominotypical + +vexans + +using a recent description from Europe, the continent of the +type +locality, +Berlin +, +Germany +. The nominotypical subspecies was described from a single female. The +type +specimen is in the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, +France +. There are descriptions for what has been called + +vexans + +from many parts of the world, but it is sensible to use a recent description from Europe ( + +Becker +et al +. 2020 + +). The caveat is that the provenance of specimens and/or literature used for this description are not documented. It will nevertheless serve as a basis for comparison with characters of subspecies and descriptions of + +vexans + +from other parts of the world. The following is paraphrased from key characters (diagnoses) followed by more complete descriptions, a format often used by F. W. Theobald. + +Adult female.Tarsomeres with pale rings only; proboscis distinctly longer than forefemur; scutellum with narrow, curved, yellowish or pale scales; pale basal bands of tarsomeres very narrow, usually not exceeding 0.25 length of tarsomeres; abdominal terga with basal white bands constricted medially, giving them a bilobed appearance. +Tibiae dark-scaled dorsally, pale-scaled ventrally; narrow basal bands present on foretarsomeres 2 and 3, midtarsomeres 1–4 and on all hindtarsomeres. Proboscis and maxillary palpus dark-scaled, palpus with some apical white scales; head covered with narrow curved pale and dark decumbent scales and numerous dark brown erect forked scales which extend anteriorly to interocular space. Scutal integument dark brown, covered with narrow curved dark scales and narrow pale scales forming indistinct patches on anterior submedian, prescutellar and dorsocentral areas; acrostichal and dorsocentral setae well developed; postspiracular area with large patch of narrow curved or moderately broad pale scales; upper and lower mesokatepisternal scale-patches present. Wing veins covered with moderately broad dark scales and isolated pale scales at bases of costa and subcosta. Abdominal terga with basal white bands, distally dark-scaled; basal bands on terga III–VI distinctly narrowed medially, giving a bilobed appearance; sternum VIII with distinct apical V-shaped notch. +Adult male. Maxillary palpus about as long as proboscis; gonostylus attached at apex of gonocoxite, simple, not divided; gonostylus distinctly expanded apically; claspette elongate, well separated from base of gonocoxite; gonostylus gradually expanded toward apex; gonostylar claw articulated subapically, straight. Tergum IX strongly bilobed with 6–11 setae on each lobe. Gonocoxite long and moderately broad with scattered scales on lateral and ventral surfaces; basal and apical lobes absent; gonostylus widens toward apex; gonostylar claw straight, inserted on a small subapical tubercle; claspette moderately broad basally, apex slightly expanded and rounded, with crown of numerous spine-like setae, some curved apically; claspette filament absent; paraproct with pointed apex; aedeagus strongly sclerotized with lateral plates connected at base. + +Larva. Integument not covered with obvious spicules. Antenna less than half length of head, with numerous scattered spicules; seta 1-A 5–10 branched, inserted proximal to middle of antenna. Labral brush with median setae apically serrate (in contrast to unmodified setae in +Ae +. +rossicus +and +Ae +. + +cinereus + +). Setae 5–7-C arranged in a triangular pattern, 5-C posterior to 6,7-C; 5-C 1–4-branched, 6-C 1- or 2-branched, 7-C 7–9 branched. Comb with 7–13 scales arranged in 1 or 2 irregular rows; scales with long median spicules and small spicules at base. Siphon index 2.3–3.0; pecten with 13–18 spines, apical 2 or 3 spines larger and unevenly spaced; basal spines with 1–3 lateral denticles; seta 1-S inserted beyond middle of siphon, with 3–8 short branches, length about half width of siphon at setal insertion. Saddle large but incomplete; seta 1-X with 1 or 2 branches; seta 4-X with 3 or 4 precratal setae; anal papillae distinctly longer than saddle. + + +The notion that + +vexans + +is a single species across Europe and North America was recently questioned in two studies. + +Krtinić +et al. +(2013) + +used allozyme data to analyze two European populations ( +Serbia +and +Germany +) and one North American population ( +California +, +USA +). They found unambiguous differences between European and North American + +vexans + +. “We observed that populations of +Am +. [as genus + +Aedimorphus + +] + +vexans + +from the Palearctic ( +Germany +and +Serbia +) and from the Nearctic ( +USA +) formed two genetically distinct populations that had no genetic exchange.” In other words, they are genetically separate species. Also, they cited + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +, who wrote that unlike invasive species such as + +Aedes albopictus + +, which oviposits above the water line, + +vexans + +lays eggs onto moist soil, which argues against it being an invasive species in North America. Since a single North American population was sampled, these results require verification. + +Lilja +et al. +(2018) + +, using the mitochondrial +COI +gene and two nuclear genes found two sympatric genetically isolated + +vexans + +clades in +Sweden +and elsewhere in northern Europe. Considering +COI +data only, including sequences in GenBank from other parts of the world, they found four distinct groupings: “Group 1 + +vexans + +variant,” +Ae +. + +vexans + + +nipponii +, +Ae +. + + +vexans + +North America and + +Ae. +vexans + +Europe. Given a lack of morphological vouchers for study and weak branch support in some cases, + +Lilja +et al. +(2018) + +did not attempt to interpret the taxonomic meaning of their findings, recommending further work. These two studies generate many uncertainties, but they suggest that North American + +vexans + +could be a different species and that an unrecognized cryptic species occurs in Europe. + + +Synonyms of + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +vexans +( +Meigen, 1830 +) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +: + +Culex parvus +Macquart, 1834 + +( +type +locality: Bordeaux [Gironde], +France +); + +Culex articulatus +Rondani, 1872 + +( +type +locality: +Italy +); + +Culex malariae +Grassi, 1898 + +( +type +locality: +Italy +); + +Culex sylvestris +Theobald, 1901a + +( +type +locality: various, all in +Canada +) [ +montcalmi +Blanchard, 1905 +is incorrectly listed as a replacement name for + +sylvestris + +in + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, see +Townsend (1990) +for more information]; + +Culicada minuta +Theobald, 1907 + +( +type +locality: +India +); + +Aedes eurochrus +Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1917 + +( +type +locality: Popcum, +British Columbia +, +Canada +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40a933da4be --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3E0A58FF54F969FE405AD0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,390 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +tricholabis +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +bwamba +van Someren, 1950 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +tricholabis +ssp. +bwamba + +. Distribution: +Benin +, +Kenya +, +Nigeria +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +tricholabis +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +tricholabis + +. Distribution: +Benin +, +Burkina +Faso, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Kenya +, +Mali +, + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. + + + + +This taxon is an example of the scant taxonomic work carried out on mosquitoes in Africa on all but the most important vectors of human and animal pathogens. + +Aedes tricholabis + +was described from the adult female, male and male genitalia, but not the larval or pupal stages. Subspecies + +bwamba + +was described, in addition to the larva and pupa, from the adult male and female, which were distinguished from + +tricholabis + +based on a single, but we think significant, character. Because the larval and pupal stages of + +tricholabis + +are not known, descriptions of the immature stages of + +bwamba + +have served to represent + +tricholabis + +(see below). The dearth of specimens needed to carry out direct comparisons of all life stages is surprising given that + +tricholabis +sensu lato + +has been found to harbor Dengue, Sindbis and other viruses ( +e.g. + +Ochieng +et al +. 2013 + +; + +Munyao +et al +. 2020 + +; + +Musa +et al +. 2020 + +). In a sample of published studies, we found that most authors cited +Edwards (1941) +as the authority for identifications, and therefore subspecies + +bwamba +, + +not yet described in 1941, was subsequently ignored in post-1950 studies. + + + +Aedes tricholabis + +was described from +two males +and +five females +collected in +Gede +(or Gedi), located north of +Mombasa +, +Kenya +. +Townsend (1990) +found +two females +and the +lectotype +male (designated by Mattingly 1956) in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. Edwards distinguished + +tricholabis + +in a key using the following characters: Scutellum with narrow scales only; decumbent scales of vertex all narrow; femora and tibiae not striped; hindtarsus entirely dark; head in female with a distinct patch of dark decumbent scales on vertex (this patch absent in males); abdominal terga usually with complete basal pale bands; postspiracular scales all broad and flat; hindfemur pale beneath almost to apex; hindungues (as hindtarsal claws) simple. The description also states that all scutellar scales are narrow and yellowish, and, in addition to pale basal bands on all terga, there are also dark apical bands on the sterna. The adult male, as noted above, does not have a patch of dark decumbent scales on the vertex, which led Edwards to question if the males and females were the same species, because there were no associated larval and pupal exuviae to prove otherwise. To our knowledge, this query has not been answered. The most remarkable distinguishing feature of + +tricholabis + +(and subspecies + +bwamba + +), however, is a gonostylus, which on the ventral surface (“outer edge”) is “provided with a row of long soft hairs [setae], most of which are branched, the one nearest the base having most branches.” The egg, larva and pupa have not been described and only the male genitalia have been illustrated. + + +Subspecies + +bwamba + +was described from the male +holotype +, +six male +paratypes +, and five larval and nine pupal exuviae from Bwamba Province, Toro District, in western +Uganda +. +Townsend (1990) +found the +holotype +and +four paratypes +in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London. +Van Someren (1950) +provided detailed descriptions of the adult male, male genitalia, and larval and pupal stages. Only the male genitalia and pupa were illustrated. Van Someren stated: “The male terminalia of this species do not differ from the figure of +A +. + +( +A +.) +tricholabis + +...”. The description of the male of + +bwamba + +does not appear to us to differ from + +tricholabis +, + +including the lack of a patch of dark decumbent scales on the vertex. However, the scutellum is “clothed with broad creamy white scales on all lobes.” This is in contrast to the scutellar scales being all narrow and yellowish in + +tricholabis + +. The larval stage of subspecies + +bwamba + +is apparently quite distinctive, as relayed in a personal communication to van Someren: “Dr. Haddow (personal communication) states that the larvae are very pale and transparent in life, with the eye spots very large and black. Usually the swimming is done with the mouth brushes, but when they are disturbed, body swimming movements occur. They are markedly restless, often looping the loop under water and have a habit of browsing. …The larval skins are very fragile, with all the setae pale and transparent and easily detached.” The larval stage of + +tricholabis + +is not known, precluding a comparison with subspecies + +bwamba + +. + + +Hopkins (1952) +used van Someren’s description of the larva of subspecies + +bwamba + +to represent the +type +form and +Pao & Knight (1970) +described the larval mandible and maxilla of subspecies + +bwamba + +to represent + +tricholabis +sensu lato + +. No explanation was given of how the taxonomic determination was made. Similarly, +Cordellier & Geoffroy (1976) +represented + +tricholabis +sensu lato + +as both a species and as a species with a subspecies, without explanation. + + +The distributions of these nominal taxa, therefore, have not been documented, other than for the +type +localities and for surveys that used +Edwards (1941) +as an identification resource. +Service (1960) +, however, added to the description of the larva of subspecies + +bwamba + +from Lokoja, +Nigeria +( +7° 47′ 48″ N +, +6° 44′ 25″ E +). This site is far from the +type +locality of + +bwamba + +in +Uganda +and gives possible insight into the broad distribution of at least subspecies + +bwamba + +. +Service (1960) +also “fully endorsed” Haddow’s statement that “the larvae in life are pale and transparent with large dark contrasting eyes.” + + +We do not note consensus regarding the identity and distributions of the nominotypical form or subspecies + +bwamba + +. The only clear and significant distinction is that + +tricholabis + +adults have all scutellar scales narrow and yellowish whereas adults of + +bwamba + +have all scutellar scales broad and creamy white. We consider this a significant difference that stands out in a confused understanding of these taxa, which we think justifies elevation of + +bwamba + +to species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +bwamba +van Someren, 1950 + + +. + +Aedes bwamba + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3F0A5AFF54FBE5FC4B5C70.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3F0A5AFF54FBE5FC4B5C70.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a7b51a5aee3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA3F0A5AFF54FBE5FC4B5C70.xml @@ -0,0 +1,499 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +hirsutus +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +adenensis +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +hirsutus +var. +adenensis + +(as ssp. in +Pao & +Knight 1970, explicitly elevated to ssp. by +White 1975 +). Distribution: +Yemen +( +Edwards 1941 +). + + +subspecies + +hirsutus +( +Theobald, 1901a +) + +—original combination: + +Culex hirsutum + +[ +sic +]. Distribution: +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Madagascar +, +Mali +, +Mauritania +, +Namibia +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +, +South Africa +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Togo +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from a female and a male from Salisbury, +Mashonaland +[ +Harare +, +Zimbabwe +]. The detailed description has a separate color illustration. +Theobald’s (1901a) +diagnosis follows here (after +Theobald 1901a +[plates]): fig. 80, pl. XX): “Thorax dark chestnut-brown, with dull creamy scales forming a broad median line and four creamy spots. Abdomen dark umber-brown, with basal yellowish-white bands and with two large dull yellow apical spots on the fifth and sixth segments; venter mottled with black, yellow and white scaled patches. Legs with broad basal white bands, femora, tibiae and metatarsi [tarsomere 1] hirsute, bases of the femora pale, remainder black, with a few pale scales.” Also, “palpi short, dark brown, with numerous pale scales at the apex”. Subsequent authors ( +Edwards 1911b +, + +1912 +b + +, 1941; +Jupp 1996 +) noted that there is a white costal fringe on the distal part of the wing, which was not mentioned or illustrated by +Theobald (1901a) +. + + +Theobald (1903a) +described a similar taxon, + +Culex transvaalensis + +, but he did not note a similarity with + +hirsutus + +. In the collection of the Natural History Museum, London, +Townsend (1990) +found +three syntype females +from +South Africa +[Transvaal], Pretoria, and a male labelled “type”, which he stated had no type status since only the female was described. Without comment +Edwards (1911b) +reduced + +transvaalensis + +to a synonym of + +hirsutum + +. +Theobald (1913a) +distinguished the two species in a key: “Abdomen basally banded” for + +transvaalensis + +and “Abdomen with two apical spots on 5th and 6th segments as well as bands” for + +hirsutum + +. He also stated: “Edwards considers this [ + +hirsutum + +] the same as + +Culex transvaalensis +, Theobald. + +The two marked apical spots on both fifth and sixth abdominal segments in + +Culex hirsutum + +never occur in + +Culex transvaalensis + +and the thorax is differently ornamented. The type has either been altered or this young writer has been unable to appreciate the distinctive characters.” He further added: “As pointed out under + +C. hirsutum +, Theobald, Edwards + +is in complete error in vaguely assuming this [ + +transvaalensis + +] is the same as that marked species.” The discussion was apparently put to rest by +Edwards (1915) +, who stated: “Theobald... has criticised my statement that his + +Culex hirsutum + +and + +C +. +transvaalensis + +are one and the same species. I have re-examined the specimens, and find no reason to modify my previous opinion, except in one in particular. The male and female types of + +C +. +hirsutum + +belong to different species.... The female type must be taken as the type of the species, the male… being really + +O. nigeriensis +(Theo.) + +[currently a synonym of +Ae +. ( +Aed +.) +fowleri +(de +Charmoy, 1908 +)].” + + +Other described life stages of the nominate form + +hirsutus + +, a widespread African species, include the adult male ( +Edwards 1911b +), pupa ( +Ingram & Macfie 1919 +), male genitalia ( +Edwards 1941 +), larva ( +Hopkins 1952 +), larval mandible and maxilla ( +Pao & Knight 1970 +) and the adult female and male genitalia ( +Jupp 1996 +). + + +Edwards (1941) +described subspecies + +adenensis + +as a variety of + +hirsutus + +from two sites in the +West +Aden Protectorate [southwestern +Yemen +], as revealed by +Mattingly +(1956): +Jebel Jihaf +, + +7100 ft. + +, + +ix.1937 + +, +2 females +, and +Dhala +, + +4800 ft. + +, + +14.ix.1937 + +, +1 male +and +7 females +. “Since the critical factor, if any, is likely to be altitude I have marked one of the +♀ +from Jebel Jihaf as the hololectotype and the ♂ from +Dhala +as +allolectotype +.” +David Pecor +(pers. comm.) investigated the localities and noted that the +West +Aden Protectorate was renamed as part of the independent nation of +Yemen +, and the locality names were perhaps misspelled when translated from +Arabic. Instead +they are probably +Jabal Jihaf +[ +Jabal +is “mountain” in +Arabic +] ( +GeoNames ID +74169, coordinates +13.7607 +44.67656 +, altitude + +2,402 m + +) and +Dhale +, ( +GeoNames ID +80384, coordinates +13.69572 +, +44.73137 +, altitude + +1,517 m + +). +The +two sites are approximately +9 km +apart. +Edwards’s +(1941) description of + +adenensis + +follows: “Structurally identical with the typical form, and also resembling it in the white-scaled distal part of costa, but differs in colouring of abdomen; the pale basal bands of the tergites [terga] are yellowish rather than white and all the tergites have apical median patches of yellowish scales, usually occupying an extensive area; in some extremely pale specimens the abdominal scales are almost all yellowish, with only a few black ones across the middle of each tergite.” + + +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +stated that the male genitalia [of + +adenensis + +] “are indistinguishable from those of the +type +form.” In their keys they noted: “Wing [of + +adenensis + +] with relatively few pale scales which are mainly confined to the basal half”. They then compared the larva of + +adenensis + +to +Ae +. ( +Aed +.) +natronius +Edwards, 1932b +: “Antenna more strongly spiculate; pecten teeth of more normal +type +; head seta 6 normally single, rarely double, much longer and usually stouter than 5”. The illustration in the original description showing the presence of white scaling on the costa of the wing contradicts +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +, who reported the presence of a few pale scales, those confined to the proximal half of the costa. The head of the larva of + +hirsutus + +illustrated by +Hopkins (1952) +, who did not mention + +adenensis + +, shows seta 5-C multi-branched and 6-C single, with the latter about twice the length of the former. Unfortunately, +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +did not note whether 6-C was branched or not. + + +The inconsistent description of white scales being present or absent apically on the costa in both + +hirsutus + +and + +adenensis + +can only be solved by re-examination of the +types +and study of variation in these taxa. The only character that separates these two, for now, is the pattern of scaling on the abdomen of + +adenensis + +, which has median, apical patches of yellowish scales that are absent in + +hirsutus + +. No description of variation in + +hirsutus + +across its range in Africa includes median apical abdominal pale scales that would suggest + +adenensis + +represents a morphological variant of the +type +form. However, the +type +form has not been well studied morphologically. The +type +locality of + +adenensis + +, near the eastern border of the distribution of + +hirsutus + +, is at a fairly high altitude compared to most mosquito species and appears to us to possibly reside in an extremely dry environment, though indications of green in valleys can be seen from satellite photos. Until further study can be undertaken, we believe + +adenensis + +is sufficiently different from + +hirsutus + +to be afforded species status: + + +Aedes +( +Aedimorphus +) +adenensis +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Aedes adenensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA400A23FF54FB61FB7B5DF3.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA400A23FF54FB61FB7B5DF3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3f849a86ddf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA400A23FF54FB61FB7B5DF3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,372 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Afrorhynchus +) +viridibasis +(Edwards) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +viridibasis +( +Edwards, 1935 +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhinus aeneus +var. +viridibasis + +(specific status by +Edwards +1941). Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Mali +, +Nigeria +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +); also +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +(see below). + + +subspecies +voltaicus +Ribeiro, 2005 +—original combination: + +Toxorhynchites +( +Afrorhynchus +) +viridibasis voltaicus + +. Distribution: +Burkina Faso +( +Ribeiro 2005 +). + + + + +Edwards (1935) +described + +viridibasis + +(as a variety of + +Megarhinus aeneus +Evans, 1926 + +) from +two adult +females collected in +Uganda +, the +type +specimen from +Kampala +and the second female from +Soroti +. The description was very brief and did not include illustrations. In addition to a slightly more detailed description of the +two females +, +Edwards (1941) +provided a very brief description of a dubious adult male, stating: “Although the male is damaged I think it must belong to the same species as the females: it is clearly quite different from the male of +erythrurus +, but it is quite possible that both + +viridibasis + +and + +aeneus + +should be regarded as subspecies of + +lutescens + +; the available material is too scanty for any conclusion to be formed of the point.” + + +Ribeiro (2005) +based the description of subspecies +voltaicus +on a single adult male captured on 18.7.54 at Banankélédage (Banankeledaga), cercle (circle, area) Bobo-Dioulasso, +Haute-Volta +(now +Burkina Faso +)— Banankeledaga is a village located near the city of Bobo-Dioulasso, the capital of Houet Province. Ribeiro did not mention how he identified the specimen as being conspecific with the female of the nominate form, but he distinguished the two subspecies in a key for the identification of males of species of the subgenus + +Afrorhynchus +Ribeiro, 1992 + +. Oddly, the two subspecies keyed out in different couplets, with the nominate subspecies keying out in a couplet with + +Tx. ruwenzori +( +van Someren, 1948 +) + +and subspecies +voltaicus +keying out in a couple in which the alternate character state leads to two consecutive couplets that identify + +Tx. capelai +Ribeiro, 1992b + +, + +Tx. lutescens +( +Theobald, 1901a +) + +and + +Tx. zairensis +Ribeiro, 2005 + +. Scaling on the mesokatepisternum was used to distinguish subspecies + +viridibasis + +from subspecies +voltaicus +and the other three species: In the nominate subspecies, “Golden scales on mesokatepisternum restricted to the lower portion of the sclerite [sternum]”; in subspecies +voltaicus +, “A patch of golden scales present on the upper portion of the mesokatepisternum, at base of prealar knob”. According to +Edwards (1941) +, the female of the nominate form has “much of the pre-alar area (except the knob) clothed with white scales.” It is uncertain whether the prealar area of the male also has white scaling as Edwards only mentioned that the male “resembles +♀ +in colouring of body and legs (thorax much denuded).” + + +In the diagnosis of +voltaicus +, Ribeiro mentioned that the male also differed from the male of the +type +form in having “a purple third tergum” and the coloration of the maxillary palpus, which is “extensively golden” in the nominate form and “mainly purplish golden with violet reflections” in +voltaicus +. +He +noted that “No significant differences were found between the male genitalia of + +Tx. v. voltaicus + +and those of the male + +Tx. v. viridibasis + +from Coquilhatville, +Congo +” [Coquilhatville is the former name of present-day Mbandaka, a city on the +Congo +River in +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +]. +For +clarity, +Edwards (1941) +stated that the maxillary palpus of the questionable male of the nominate form that he examined was “as in + +lutescens + +”, which he described as having the “shaft and penultimate segment golden beneath, only tip of latter dark, and with some golden scales above, terminal segment all dark”. + + +In the original description of + +viridibasis +, +Edwards (1935) + +characterized the female as having the “First three abdominal segments almost entirely green-scaled, contrasting with the remainder, which are purple.” In 1941, he more precisely described the abdominal terga: “Abdomen with first three tergites [terga I–III] clothed with metallic green scales, a slight admixture of purple scales on the third, rest purple.” Although this pertains to females, it suggests that the third tergum may not always be entirely green-scaled and could prove to be predominately or entirely purple on inspection of a much larger number of specimens; perhaps more so in males. + + +The larva and pupa of + +Tx. viridibasis + +were described by +Lewis (1945 +, southern +Sudan +) and +Wolfs (1947 +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +), and minor details of the larva were provided by Hamon (1954, +Burkina Faso +). In each case, larvae were reared to adults, which were used to identify the species. Wolfs apparently described the larva from exuviae associated with two individually reared males. + + +It is noteworthy that the +holotype +male of +voltaicus +designated by +Ribeiro (2005) +was collected and identified as + +Tx. viridibasis + +by J. Hamon, who recorded the following: “we obtained an +ex larva +[from a larval rearing] specimen which allows us to add the following indications to the descriptions of Lewis and Wolfs: head seta B [seta 6-C] has 5 branches; the subventral bristle of the siphon [seta 1-S] is bifid on one side and simple [single] on the other [translated from the French].” For comparison, +Wolfs (1947) +indicted that setae 6-C and 1-S are both 4-branched in larvae from +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +, whereas +Lewis (1945) +indicated that specimens from +Sudan +have seta 6-C with 2 or 3 branches “near the tip” and seta 1-S single, but “may have 1 or 2 branches near its tip.” It was not obvious until now that the +holotype +male of +voltaicus +is one of the +two males +which Hamon (1954) reared from larvae collected in an area that “forms approximately a circle with a radius of 50 kilometers and is entirely included in the administrative subdivision of Bobo Dioulasso [translated from the French].” Therefore, one of the larval exuviae examined by Hamon (1954) is the larval exuviae of the +holotype +of +voltaicus +. + + +Based on the scant morphological data listed above, it would seem that subspecies +voltaicus +differs from the nominate form principally in features of the adults—abdominal tergum III entirely with purple scales (entirely green or with a few intermixed purple scales in the +type +form), upper mesokatepisternal scale-patch comprised of golden scales (these scales white in the +type +form), maxillary palpus of the male mainly clothed in purplish golden scales with violet reflections (mainly clothed in golden scales in the +type +form). Because the interpretation of color is subjective and dependent on lighting, and may be variable within a species, we consider such differences to be of questionable value in recognizing species-group taxa. With regard to the larva, the paucity of information shows that the larva of +voltaicus +shares the single or bifid seta 1-S with the +type +form in +Sudan +, and both differ from the form in +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +in which this seta is 4-branched. There seems to be a greater difference in the branching of seta 6-C, which has two or three apical branches in Sudanese larvae and is four- and five-branched in larvae from +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +and the +type +locality of subspecies +voltaicus +, respectively. It is impossible to know whether these differences are attributable to variation across the range of a single species or an indication of a potential species complex. In the absence of firm evidence, we feel it is prudent at this time to formally consider +voltaicus +as nothing more than a local morphological variant of the nominotypical form: + +voltaicus +Ribeiro, 2005 +, junior subjective synonym of + +Toxorhynchites +( +Afrorhynchus +) +viridibasis +( +Edwards, 1935 +) + + +. Consequently, +voltaicus +should be removed from the species of + +Toxorhynchites + +listed in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA420A24FF54F944FA825E78.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA420A24FF54F944FA825E78.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e671ff6ac2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA420A24FF54F944FA825E78.xml @@ -0,0 +1,557 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Mimomyia +( +Mimomyia +) +chamberlaini +Ludlow + + + + + + + +subspecies + +chamberlaini +Ludlow, 1904b + +—original combination: + +Mimomyia chamberlaini + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Bangladesh +, +Cambodia +, +India +, +Indonesia +, +Malaysia +, +Myanmar +, +Nepal +, +Papua New Guinea +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Philippines +, +Sri +Lanka, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +clavipalpus +( +Theobald, 1908 +) + +—original combination: + +Radioculex clavipalpus + +(subspecific status by +Mattingly +1957a). Distribution: +India +, +Pakistan +, +Sri Lanka +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +metallica +( +Leicester, 1908 +) + +—original combination: + +Conopomyia metallica + +(subspecific status by + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. 2006a + +). Distribution: +Australia +, +Cambodia +, +Indonesia +, +Laos +, +Malaysia +, +Papua New Guinea +, +Philippines +, +Singapore +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +As the most recent reviser of + +Mimomyia + +(as a subgenus of + +Ficalbia + +), +Mattingly (1957a) +recognized + +clavipalpus + +as a subspecies and treated + +metallica + +as a variety of + +chamberlaini + +. Curiously, Mattingly included + +chamberlaini +sensu stricto + +and + +var. +metallica + +in keys for the identification of adult females and males (separate keys), and included only + +chamberlaini +sensu stricto + +in keys to larvae and pupae. He did not include subspecies + +clavipalpus + +in any of the keys. Mattingly & Grjebine (1958), who also recognized + +Mimomyia + +as a subgenus of + +Ficalbia + +, treated + +metallica + +as a species, but explicitly noted that “ + +F. metallica + +is probably only a color variety of + +F. chamberlaini + +[translated from the French].” It is interesting that Mattingly & Grjebine did not mention + +clavipalpus + +, perhaps because their paper was in press when +Mattingly (1957a) +was published and they also recognized it as a subspecies of + +chamberlaini + +. Without comment, + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. (2006a) + +included + +metallica + +as a subspecies of + +chamberlaini + +in keys to the adults and larvae of the mosquitoes known to occur in +Thailand +. Prior to these actions, + +clavipalpus + +was recognized as a synonym of + +chamberlaini + +and + +metallica + +was regarded as a separate species ( +Edwards 1932a +). + + + +Mimomyia chamberlaini + +was described from a single male collected at Bayamban, +Pangasinan +, Luzon Island, +Philippines +( +Ludlow 1904b +). Ludlow did not provide illustrations and did not describe the genitalia of the specimen. Four years later, +Theobald (1908) +described + +Radioculex clavipalpus + +from a series of females and males captured at Calcutta, +West Bengal +, +India +, but the description did not include illustrations. In the same year, +Leicester (1908) +described the female and male of + +Conopomyia metallica + +from specimens collected at Barrack Pool, +Kuala Lumpur +, +Malaysia +. Leicester also did not provide illustrations of the nominal species. + + +Published records indicate that + +Mi. chamberlaini +sensu stricto + +occurs in most areas of the +Oriental Region +and tropical areas of the Australasian +Region +. As pointed out by +Mattingly (1957a) +, available morphological evidence suggests that + +chamberlaini +sensu stricto + +and + +metallica + +are variants of a single species. His assessment is as follows. + + +The classical diagnostic character has been the occurrence in + +F. metallica + +of median pale markings on the abdominal tergites [terga] and the absence of such markings in + +F. chamberlaini + +. In +Malaya +complete inter-gradation between these conditions has been found to occur. I have specimens with a more or less continuous pale median line on the abdomen, others with this line reduced to one or two small spots on posterior tergites and one with abdomen completely dark above. As already noted… this last specimen is associated with a larval skin [exuviae] having the distal part of the antenna pale while all my other Malayan larvae have the antenna entirely dark. This is another traditional distinction between + +F. chamberlaini + +and + +F. metallica + +and were no other evidence available one would be inclined to attribute the +one specimen +to the first species and the remainder to the second. As against this, however, +Philippines +specimens with all dark abdomen have larvae with all dark antenna. Other larval differences noted by Edwards & Given… will be seen that at best they are partial differences and they seem to represent differences between the Indian and Indomalayan forms rather than between + +F. chamberlaini + +and + +F. metallica + +as such. The only significant larval variation within the Indomalayan area appears to be the occurrence of an unusually small number of branches in head seta B [seta 6-C] of the +Philippines +form (3–5, not less than 4 elsewhere) and a tendency for Malayan larvae to approximate to the Indian form [ + +clavipalpus + +] in the reduced number of teeth [scales] in the distal row(s) of the comb (1–8, 3–10 elsewhere) and rather less strongly developed spiculation of the saddle edge. In the adult the only notable colour variation concerns the scaling of the prescutellar area. In most cases this is quite extensively pale scaled. Malayan forms, however, tend to have the pale scaling greatly reduced or even absent and my one New +Guinea +specimen has this area wholly or largely dark. Australian specimens appear regularly to have this area very extensively pale scaled but I have seen individual specimens with it equally pale from Sumatra, Java and +Tonkin +[ +Vietnam +]. I do not think this variation is taxonomically significant. + + +In view of the striking difference in appearance between well marked specimens of + +F. chamberlaini + +and + +F. metallica + +it has seemed to me desirable to distinguish the latter as + +var. +metallica + +, using the term “var.” in the same sense as +Edwards (1941: 2) +as indicating “bridged variation in one area” as against the geographically representative variation associated with subspecies. + + +In view of the observations and arguments put forward by +Mattingly (1957a) +, until more evidence becomes available, we believe that + +metallica + +should be recognized as a synonymous name; therefore, it is here formally placed in synonymy with that species: + + +metallica +( + +Leicester +, 1908 + +) + +, junior subjective synonym of + + +Mimomyia + +( +Mimomyia +) + + + +chamberlaini +Ludlow, 1904b + +. We should add, however, that it would seem likely that + +Mi. chamberlaini + +is a complex of species, but as Mattingly aptly stated, “Very much more material is however needed before this can be put forward as more than a most tenuous hypothesis.” For the record, +Edwards & Given (1928 +, +Singapore +), +Galliard & Ngu (1949 +, +Vietnam +) and +Chen & Lien (1956 +, Taiwan) treated + +metallica + +as a separate species based principally on the characters which +Mattingly (1957a) +found to be attributable to variation. In agreement here, + +metallica + +is not listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Mattingly (1957a) +had the following to say about + +clavipalpus + +. + + +The Indian form of + +F. chamberlaini + +(= + +Radioculex clavipalpus +Theobald + +) differs from other forms, so far as can be judged from the limited material available to me, in a number of interesting partial characters of the larva. Thus the antenna is constantly pale on the distal segments in Indian larvae… while in most Indomalayan specimens it is wholly dark. However, I have one larval skin [exuviae] with the Indian +type +of antenna from +Malaya +and it may be presumed that the larvae from +Tonkin +[ +Vietnam +] provisionally assigned to + +F. chamberlaini + +by +Galliard & Ngu (1949: 497) +also had antennae of this +type +. It is interesting to find that the Malayan skin is associated with the only adult which I have from that territory with complete suppression of median pale markings on the abdominal tergites [terga]. This is, however, of doubtful significance since the +U.S. +National Museum has adults from the +Philippines +with complete suppression of these markings associated with larval skins having wholly dark antennae. Other differences between the Indian form and those occurring in the Indomalayan and Australian areas… [include (in general, using up-to-date terminology) setae 5- and 6-C with more branches, scales in distal row(s) of the comb fewer in number, saddle generally with fewer spicules on the posterior margin and pecten with more spines]. …The number of long spicules on the distal edge of the saddle is to some extent a matter of subjective estimate since some spicules are of intermediate length. However, the difference seems quite clear and constant. …It may be felt that these differences justify distinguishing the Indian form as a separate subspecies. + + +Based on the adult and larval distinctions exhibited by + +clavipalpus + +, and because it has only been found in areas of +India +, +Pakistan +and +Sri Lanka +where + +chamberlaini + +and + +metallica + +have not been recorded, we feel that this nominal form should be returned to its original specific rank, at least provisionally: + + +Mimomyia +( +Mimomyia +) +clavipalpus +( +Theobald, 1908 +b) + + +. + +Mimomyia clavipalpus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA430A26FF54F968FC8C5C9C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA430A26FF54F968FC8C5C9C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9610d5f36b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA430A26FF54F968FC8C5C9C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,427 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Mansonia +( +Mansonioides +) +africana +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +africana +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + +—original combination: + +Panoplites africanus + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Botswana +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Equatorial Guinea +, +Ethiopia +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Mali +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Africa +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Gambia +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +nigerrima +Theobald, 1910 + +—original combination: + +Mansonia nigerrima + +(varietal status by +Edwards 1913a +; subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Senegal +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Mansonia africana + +is a well-known African species of the subgenus + +Mansonioides +Theobald, 1907 + +; however, like most Afrotropical species of +Culicidae +, the larval and pupal stages of this species have not been fully described and illustrated. Descriptions of the adults of subspecies + +nigerrima + +lack illustrations and are brief and superficial, and the immature stages are unknown. + + +Theobald (1901c) +described + +Mn. africana + +(as + +Panoplites africanus + +) from “Quite a number of this species in the collection from Asaba”, a city in southern +Nigeria +. He added that “The specimens collected at Asaba differ in no respects from those in the other parts of West and Central Africa.” According to +Townsend (1990) +, +two syntypes +are present in the Natural History Museum, London—“ +Malawi +: +2 female +[head only of 1, on slide], +Zomba +, Chiromo, Lower Shire.… This is one of the +syntypes +from ‘West and Central Africa’ referred to generally in the description and listed more fully in +Theobald (1901c: 188) +.” It is not clear to which of the +two females +this applies, but we assume it is not the one represented by the slide-mounted head. In either case, the localities listed by +Theobald (1901c) +for his (second) description of + +Panoplites africanus + +do not include Asaba [they include Chiromo, Fort Johnstone (now called +Mangochi +) and Lower Shire (Shire River) in former British Central Africa (present-day +Malawi +), and +Lagos +and Old Calabar (contemporary Duke Town) in +Nigeria +]. It is unfortunate that + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +and +Knight & Stone (1977) +did not arrange Theobald’s early publications in strict chronological order. +Theobald (1901c) +[??/09/1901] predates +Theobald (1901c) +[ +12/11/1901 +] by two months; consequently, it seems that the specimens from Asada, +Nigeria +are non-extant and the two “ +syntype +” females have no taxonomic status. + + +Theobald (1910) +described + +Mansonia nigerrima + +based on a single female from Mpuma, +Uganda +(Mpuma, now known as Mpuma-Luga, is a city in the +Mukono District +, Central Region, located about +28 km +east of +Kampala +). +Edwards (1913a) +placed + +Ma. major +Theobald, 1903a + +and + +Mn. nigerrima + +in synonymy with + +Mn. africana + +(as + +Mansonioides africanus + +) but then, seemingly reluctantly, treated + +nigerrima + +as a variety, saying: “ + +M. nigerrima + +may perhaps rank as a good variety; it is much darker than the +type +: the thorax is darker, with hardly a trace of pale markings; the dark scales of the wings are much more numerous than the light, and the white rings at the bases of the hind tarsal joints are much narrower than in typical + +M. africanus + +. The male genitalia, however, do not differ in any way. This form has up to the present only been found in +Uganda +.” +Edwards (1932a +, +1941 +) was the only taxonomist post-Theobald (1901c, 1901d) to recognize and treat + +nigerrima + +as a separate form. Later workers, +Hopkins (1936 +, +1952 +), + +da +Cunha +Ramos & Ribeiro (1975) + +, +Service (1990) +, +Jupp (1996) +and + +Becker +et al +. (2020) + +, only recognized the nominotypical form, perhaps because they considered + +nigerrima + +to merely be a morphological variant. These authors were, of course, with the possible exception of Becker +et al +., unaware that +Harbach & Howard (2007) +had raised + +nigerrima + +to subspecific rank based on provisions of the +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +: “Despite Edwards’ (1913a) apparent reluctance to treat + +nigerrima + +as a variety, implying that it should perhaps be regarded as an infrasubspecific entity, it is deemed to have subspecific rank because it was adopted (originally) as the valid name of a species before 1985 (Article 45.6.4.1).” In the absence of concrete morphological differentiation and evidence of geographical isolation, we believe that the action taken by Harbach & Howard, based merely on provisions of the +Code +, was ill-considered. Of course + +nigerrima + +could possibly be a separate species, but until this is conclusively proven, based on comparative morphological study of all life stages and molecular assessment, we believe it is prudent to consign + +nigerrima + +to synonymy: + + +nigerrima +Theobald, 1910 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Mansonia +( +Mansonioides +) +africana +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + + +. Consequently, + +Mansonia nigerrima + +should be removed from the species of + +Mansonia + +listed in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +As indicated above, contrary to + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +, + +Mn. major +Theobald, 1903a + +was synonymized with + +Mn. africana + +by +Edwards (1913a) +, not +Edwards (1932a) +, who stated that “ + +M. major + +was described from a flattened, but typical female specimen [of + +Mansonioides africanus + +].” There is no reason to doubt this synonymy, and it is retained, along with + +Mn. nigerrima + +, as a synonym of + +Mn. africana + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA440A2FFF54FCF6FCA15D22.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA440A2FFF54FCF6FCA15D22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0bbf3c5a529 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA440A2FFF54FCF6FCA15D22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Lynchiella +) +rutilus +(Coquillett) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +rutilus +(Coquillett, 1896) + +—original combination: + +Megarhinus rutila + +[ +sic +]. Distribution: Extreme southeastern +United +States— +Florida +, +Georgia +(mainly coastal), +North Carolina +( + +Harrison +et al +. 2016 + +), +South Carolina +(coastal) ( +Jenkins 1949 +; +Darsie & Ward 2005 +). + + +subspecies + +septentrionalis + +( +Dyar & Knab, 1906a +)—original combination: + +Megarhinus septentrionalis + +(subspecific status by +Jenkins & Carpenter 1946 +). Distribution: Eastern North America, northward from northern Florida to +Canada +(southwestern +Ontario +) and westward to +Kansas +, +Oklahoma +and +Texas +( +Jenkins 1949 +; + +Wood +et al +. 1979 + +; +Darsie & Ward 2005 +). + + + + +Coquillett +(1896) indicated that + +Tx. rutilus + +, as + +Megarhinus rutila + +, was described and named based on +three males +and +five females +from +North Carolina +and +Georgiana +, +Florida +. +According +to +Stone & Knight (1957c) +, the original collection included +two specimens +from +Georgiana +, +Florida +and seven from undisclosed localities in +Florida +, but none from +North Carolina +. +They +selected a male from +Georgiana +bearing a type label to be the +lectotype +. +Georgiana +is located on +Merritt Island of Brevard County +on the eastern side of central +Florida +. + + +Dyar & Knab (1906a) +described and named + +Tx. septentrionalis + +, also as a species of + +Megarhinus +Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827 + +, from a collection of +13 males +and +11 females +from localities in the +District of Columbia +, +Louisiana +, +Maryland +, +Mississippi +, +Missouri +, +North Carolina +, +Virginia +and +West Virginia +. +Stone & Knight (1957c) +considered a male from Woodstock, +Virginia +bearing a type label to be the +holotype +. + + +The subspecific status of + +septentrionalis + +was established by +Jenkins & Carpenter (1946) +, and reinforced by +Jenkins (1949) +based on conclusions drawn from a study that included specimens form a narrow zone of overlap and apparent integration with the +type +form. Jenkins described the evidence for integration as follows. + + +In +the zone of overlap of ranges of the two subspecies, all +types +of integrations occur. +In +the northern part of the zone in +Georgia and South Carolina +, the male intergrades have segments [tarsomeres] 2 and 3 of the fore tarsi with white areas or with isolated white scales surrounded by purple. +Two +typical intergrades from +Myrtle Beach +, +South Carolina +, +Carpenter +and +Jenkins +(1945) [ +i.e. +1946], have the following markings on the fore tarsi: +Specimen +1.-2nd segment [foretarsomere 2] with basal three-fourths silvery white; 3rd segment [foretarsomere 3] with three white scales. Specimen 2.- 2nd segment, (left) with six white scales, (right) with 4 white scales; 3rd segment, (left) with 3 white scales, (right) entirely purple. +In +the southern part of the zone of overlap in +Florida +, the fore tarsi of the intergrade males are usually typical + +T. r. rutilus + +with the second and basal two-thirds of the third segment silvery white, but interspersed with several dark purple scales. +The +intergrades were observed from +Jacksonville +, +Tallahassee +, and +Bushnell +, +Florida +. + + +The amount of white on the fifth segment [tarsomere 5] of the hind tarsi of the males is variable. There is a decided tendency for this segment to be mostly white in +Florida + +T. r. rutilus + +specimens, and mostly dark purple in the main part of the range of + +T. r. septentrionalis + +. This is quite variable and a specimen of the subspecies from Falls Church, +Virginia +has this segment almost entirely white. The +type +of intergradation described for the fore tarsi and often observed on the fifth hind tarsal segment [hindtarsomere 5]. An unusual amount of white was observed on the fore tarsi of males from Duval Co., +Leon +Co., and Orange Co., +Florida +that had the 2nd, 3rd and about half of the 4th segments [foretarsomeres 2, 3 and 4] silvery white. A few specimens exhibited white scales on the apical tip of the tibiae. + + +Jenkins summarized his findings and previous observations ( +Jenkins & Carpenter 1946 +) in the form of conclusions: + + +The tropical genus + +Toxorhynchites + +is represented in the +United States +by two closely related forms which are considered to be subspecies for the following reasons. + +1. The distributions of the two forms overlap in part of their ranges. +2. A complete series of intergrades between the two forms occurs throughout the zone of overlap in ranges. +3. The only known character separating the two forms is a color difference of the males which is subject to variation. +4. No significant differences have been found to separate the two forms in the male genitalia, larvae, pupae, or females. +5. The life histories, habitats, and breeding habits of the two forms have been found to be similar. + +It is important to note that conclusions 3 and 4 have been repeated, apparently without further detailed morphological study, by later authors ( +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +; + +Wood +et al +. 1979 + +; + +Harrison +et al +. 2016 + +). Conclusion 5 is meaningless as it applies to species of + +Toxorhynchites + +in general. + + +It is surprising to find that the subspecific status of + +septentrionalis + +has been accepted by taxonomists without question since the studies of +Jenkins & Carpenter (1946) +and +Jenkins (1949) +, and has not since been re-examined using genetic and molecular tools. There are four records of DNA sequences in GenBank: 28S rRNA, +MT-CYB +and +MT-ND5 +, Colony, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, recorded as + +Tx. rutilus + +( + +Krzywinski +et al +. 2001 + +a); mt +- COI +(partial), mt +-COII +and tRNA +-Leu +, York County, Pennsylvania, recorded as + +Tx. rutilus +( + +Mitchell +et al +. 2002 + +) + +; mt +-COI +, +Ontario +, +Canada +, recorded as + +Tx. rutilus +( + +Cywinska +et al +. 2006 + +) + +; and 18S rDNA, Stonington, Connecticut, recorded as + +Tx. r. septentrionalis +( + +Shepard +et al +. 2006 + +) + +. Unfortunately, because the researchers did not produce the same molecular sequences, it is not possible to conduct a meaningful analysis of relationships. That aside, the identity of the records attributable to + +Tx. rutilus + +are problematic. The records from +Canada +and Pennsylvania must certainly be based on specimens of + +septentrionalis + +, and it is not possible to know whether the Florida colony was derived from specimens of + +rutilus +sensu stricto + +or intergrades. It should be noted, however, that researchers who conducted ecological studies of treehole mosquitoes in eastern North America ( +Bradshaw & Holzapfel 1975 +, 1977; +Chambers 1985 +) did not recognize + +septentrionalis + +. + + +As there is no indication of intermediates in the geographically separated populations, there is little doubt that specific traits are being maintained outside the zone of introgression. This is evidence for independent species cohesion, and we believe that molecular systematic studies will reveal that the two forms are separate species that hybridize in a narrow zone where the two species overlap. This supports the taxonomic conclusion that the +type +form and + +septentrionalis + +are distinct species; therefore, we hereby formally return + +septentrionalis + +to its original rank as a species: + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Lynchiella +) +septentrionalis + +( +Dyar & Knab, 1906a +) + +, which is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Toxorhynchites septentrionalis + +has a single synonym, + +Megarhinus herrickii +Theobald, 1906 + +( +type +locality: +Mississippi State +, +USA +), synonymy by + +Howard +et al +. (1917) + +. As noted by Belkin (1968), Theobald based the description of + +herrickii + +on +Herrick’s (1905) +description of + +Megarrhinus portoricensis + +, apparently without having seen any specimens—probably the ultimate reason for naming the species after Herrick. + +Megarhinus herrickii + +remains a junior subjective synonym of + +Tx. septentrionalis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA490A2BFF54F9F5FAF058F4.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA490A2BFF54F9F5FAF058F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b63b5e2da2a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA490A2BFF54F9F5FAF058F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,657 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +christophi +(Portschinsky) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +aurifluus +( +Edwards, 1921a +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhinus aurifluus + +(subspecific status by +Danilov 1987 +). + + + + +Distribution: +Taiwan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, not +Indonesia +, see below). + + + + +subspecies + +christophi +( +Portschinsky, 1884 +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhina +[ +sic +] +christophi + +. Distribution: +Japan +, +Russia +, +South Korea +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +), +China +( +Danilov 1987 +; + +Lu +et al +. 1997 + +). + + + + +Portschinsky (1884) +described + +Toxorhynchites christophi + +(as + +Megarhina christophi + +) from an unspecified number of adult females from “Amur”, the present-day Amur Oblast, located in the south of the Russian Far East region on the border with +Heilongjiang Province +of +China +. Subspecies + +aurifluus + +was originally described as a species of + +Megarhinus + +based on +four males +and a single female collected at several localities on the island of Formosa, present-day +Taiwan +( +Edwards 1921a +). The adults (both sexes), larva and pupa are known for both forms and have been described and partially or fully illustrated and treated as separate species by various researchers: + +Tx. aurifluus + +— +Lien (1965) +, + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +; + +Tx. christophi + +— + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +, + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +. + + + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +provided the following assessment, which serves as a prelude to an understanding of the taxonomic status of the two nominal species. + + + +Toxorhynchites christophi + +appears to be very closely allied to + +aurifluus +(Edwards) + +from +Taiwan +. The male genitalia are apparently identical. The aedeagus has no sclerotized tergomedian band in specimens studied (2 Korean + +christophi + +and 2 + +aurifluus + +); +Lien (1965) +does not show any band on the aedeagus of + +aurifluus + +; it appears the same in Siberian + +christophi + +.* [Footnote: “* +Danilov 1977 +, personal communication.”] + + +Korean specimens of + +christophi + +are identical with + +aurifluus + +( +3 males +and +4 females +from +Taiwan +were examined) in the presence of a yellowish brown median area on the mid- and hindtibiae, but different from it in the existence of a pale median band on the proboscis, the golden color of the scutal marginal metallic scales (bluish green in + +aurifluus + +), the more developed white scaling of the tarsi, the lack of the sublateral patches on female abdominal tergum IV (occasionally a few white scales present) ( + +aurifluus + +has sublateral patches sub-equal to those of III in size), and in that the lateral tufted bristles [setae] on female abdominal tergum VI are all dark (anterior 0.33–0.40 of lateral bristles are yellow in + +aurifluus + +). In the larvae, only minor differences are detected (Table 40). + + +The metallic coloration in insects in general is quite variable, it easily changes within a species between green, blue, purple, coppery golden, etc. Such variability must be considered. White scaling of the tarsi was found to be more developed in the northern populations of + +towadensis + +[ + +Tx. towadensis +(Matsumara, 1916) + +] than in the southern ones. Differences in the tarsal white scaling between Korean + +christophi + +and Formosan + +aurifluus + +appear to be a similar case. All the differences in the larvae are in the branching of minor setae, and their significance may not be very great. Thus, important characters will be: (1) the pale median band of the proboscis, (2) the yellowish brown median area of the mid- and hindtibiae, (3) the sublateral patches of female abdominal tergum IV and (4) the lateral tufted bristles of female abdominal tergum VI. Korean + +christophi + +differs from + +aurifluus + +in (l), (3) and (4). They are, however, consistent in other essential characters, the tergomedian band of the aedeagus, the lateral tufted bristles of abdominal terga VII–VIII, and larval seta 11-II. On the basis of present knowledge, they appear allopatric. Thus, there might be 2 possible interpretations, they are either 2 distinct species, or local forms (subspecies) of a single species. For a final decision of their taxonomic statuses, much more material must be studied. + + +Danilov (1987) +examined more material of + +Tx. christophi + +and reportedly observed longitudinal clinal variation in the average lengths of several larval setae, which he interpreted as “grounds to consider + +Tx. aurifluus + +not an independent species, but a subspecies of + +Tx. christophi +— Tx. ch. + + +aurifluus +Eds. + +(comb. n.), common only on +Taiwan +, where the +type +locality is located, i.e., no longer in the Palearctic, like + +Tx. ch. +christophi + +, but in the north of the +Oriental Zoogeographic Region +[translated from the Russian].” + + +Ten years later, + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +published a monumental treatise on +the mosquito +fauna of +China +in which both + +aurifluus + +and + +christophi + +are treated as species. The authors recorded + +Tx. christophi + +from +Jilin Province +in northeastern +China +, bordering +North Korea +and +Russia +, and stated that + +Tx. aurifluus + +is found in +Taiwan +, +Hubei +and +Hainan +. +Hubei +is a landlocked province in east-central +China +approximately +700 km +northwest of the +Taiwan +Strait and +Hainan +is an island province located off the southernmost point of mainland +China +. Assuming that specimens from +Hubei +and +Hainan +Provinces were correctly identified, + +aurifluus + +is distributed south of approximately latitude +42° N +and + +christophi + +north of approximately latitude +44° N +. There are no records of the two forms between these latitudes. We note that + +aurifluus + +was most recently treated as a species by + +Lin +et al +. (2016) + +. + + +Based on available records, the distribution of + +christophi + +includes the Primorye and +Khabarovsk +regions of far eastern +Russia +, northeastern +China +and the Korean Peninsula, whereas + +aurifluus + +occurs in eastern +China +from +Hubei Province +to +Taiwan +and southward to Hainan Island. As noted by +Danilov (1987) +, the distribution of + +christophi + +lies in the Palaearctic Region and that of + +aurifluus + +is in the Oriental Region. Based on the morphological differences recorded by + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +and + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +, and the apparent allopatric distributions of the two forms, we agree with +Lien (1965) +, + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +and + +Lin +et al +. (2016) + +that + +aurifluus + +should be recognized as a separate species: + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +aurifluus +( +Edwards, 1921a +) + + +. + +Toxorhynchites aurifluus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +list two synonyms for + +Tx. aurifluus + +: + +Megarhinus aurifluus +variety +formosaensis +Ogasawara, 1939 + +and + +Toxorhynchites changbaiensis +Su & Wang, 1981 + +. The former, synonymized by +Lien (1962) +, is correct, +i.e. formosaensis +is undoubtedly conspecific with + +aurifluus + +. The latter, however, credited to +Danilov (1987) +, is incorrect. + +Toxorhynchites changbaiensis + +was described from specimens collected in the Huang-Song-Pu forest area of +Jilin Province +in northeastern +China +. As explicitly noted by +Danilov (1987) +, and correctly listed by + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +, + +changbaiensis + +is a synonym of + +Tx. christophi + +, not + +Tx. aurifluus + +. + + +A note needs to be added here to address the record of + +aurifluus + +in +Indonesia +, which was first addressed by +Danilov (1987) +, who suggested “it is possible that another subspecies of + +Tx. christophi + +, which has not yet been described, occurs there, since, for example, the pupa from +Sumatra +described as + +Tx. aurifluus + +[by] ( +Brug, 1932 +) differs in the shape of the paddles from the pupae of + +Tx. ch. +aurifluus + +from +Taiwan +[translated from the Russian].” The records of + +aurifluus + +in +Indonesia +listed in the catalogs of + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +, +Knight & Stone (1977) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +should be disregarded because they are certainly based on misidentifications. The record by +Brug (1932) +is based on the identification of an adult (sex not indicated) reared from a pupa collected from a pitcher plant in +Sumatra +, a habitat that is highly unlikely to be utilized by larvae of + +aurifluus + +, which thrive in bamboo stumps, tree holes and artificial containers ( +Lien 1965 +); the record of + +aurifluus + +in +Sulawesi +(as +Celebes +) by +Brug (1939) +is based on an undisclosed number of females, but the identification was regarded as uncertain because + +aurifluus + +was originally described from a male and the female was unknown at the time. As revealed by +Lane (1992) +, the new species from +Sulawesi +which he described as + +Tx +. +auranticauda + +was confused in previous literature with + +aurifluus + +from +Taiwan +. Consequently, +Indonesia +should be deleted from the distribution of + +Tx. aurifluus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4B0A2DFF54F8D7FC805C0C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4B0A2DFF54F8D7FC805C0C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..541776d1e31 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4B0A2DFF54F8D7FC805C0C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,596 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +brevipalpis +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +abyssinicus +Ribeiro, 1991 + +—original combination: + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +brevipalpis abyssinicus + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Ethiopia +( +Ribeiro 1991 +). + + + + +subspecies + +brevipalpis +Theobald, 1901a + +—original combination: + +Toxorhynchites brevipalpis + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Malawi +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +, +South Africa +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. + +2021). + + +subspecies + +conradti +Gr + +̧nberg, 1907—original combination: + +Toxorhynchites conradti + +(subspecific status by +Hopkins 1936 +). Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Equatorial Guinea +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Gambia +, +Liberia +, +Mali +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Theobald (1901a) +described + +brevipalpis + +from +two females +collected in “Natal”, now known as +KwaZulu-Natal +, a coastal province of +South Africa +. +Steffan & White (1981) +noted that the +two specimens +were originally “in Walker’s collection”, but “Since only one of the +♀♀ +mentioned by Theobald is now in the BM Collection [Natural History Museum, London], it is designated as the +lectotype +.” This is the specimen +Edwards (1941) +indicated was from Durban, which is considered to be the type locality even though the name of the city does not appear on the labels that accompany the specimen ( +Steffan & White 1981 +). Edwards apparently gleaned the locality from other information associated with Walker’s collection. + + +Subspecies + +conradti + +was originally described as a distinct species by Gŗnberg (1907) based on a female and a male captured on different dates at the Johan-Albrecht-Ĥhe station on the crater rim of Lake Barombi near Kumba in the +Southwest Region +of +Cameroon +. The species was listed as a synonym of + +brevipalpis + +, without explanation, by +Edwards (1912b +, +1932a +) and remained so until +Hopkins (1936) +described the larva of “ + +brevipalpis + +” (as a species of + +Megarhinus + +) and inadvertently referred to + +conradti + +as a variety: “The description and figures are of + +var. +conradti +Gr + +̧nberg.” The figures that Hopkins ascribed to + +conradti + +were reproduced from +Macfie & Ingram (1923) +, who described and illustrated the larva of “ + +Megarhinus +( +Toxorhynchites +) +brevipalpis + +” from specimens collected at localities in present-day +Ghana +: Nsawam and Sekondi (the twin city of Sekondi-Takoradi). They prefaced their description as follows: “A figure showing the paddles and the last three abdominal segments of the pupa of this mosquito has been published, together with a few words of explanation, by Bacot (Yellow Fever Commission, West Africa, Reports, iii, p. 145); and a larva, presumed to be that of + +M. brevipalpis + +, has been briefly described by Edwards (Bull. Ent. Res. iii, p. 375). Neither of these authors, however, has given sufficient details to distinguish the species, and indeed it seems not unlikely that the characters mentioned by them are mainly generic. As we have in our possession specimens of both larvae and pupae of + +M. brevipalpis + +, we have taken the opportunity of examining them in detail.” The specimens were apparently identified to species, in the absence of associated adults, with the help of G. A. K. Marshall, Imperial Bureau of Entomology, and F. W. Edwards, British Museum. The + +Toxorhynchites + +of Africa were so very poorly known at the time that the identification of the specimens as + +conradti + +by +Macfie & Ingram (1923) +was probably presumptive, based on its known distribution in West Africa. Incidentally, we note that +Hopkins (1936) +is wrongly credited with the recognition of + +conradti + +as a subspecies in all subsequently published mosquito catalogs ( + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; +Knight & Stone 1977 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) when in fact the author clearly referred to it as a variety of + +brevipalpis + +. It appears that + +conradti + +was first formally recognized as a subspecies by +Edwards (1941) +. + + +Removal of the records listed for the presence of subspecies + +conradti + +in +Benin +and +Senegal +, which were not corroborated in the study of +Ribeiro (1991) +, and discounting the separate contradictory records for the presence of + +conradti + +and the +type +form in the +Central African Republic +, +Kenya +and +Nigeria +, it would appear that the two forms are largely sympatric in the tropical rain forest region of central Africa, mainly in +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +. It must be borne in mind that all country records for both forms are based solely on differences in the amount of white scaling in the caudolateral tufts of abdominal tergum VI of females (nearly or completely white in the +type +form; all black or with a few anterior white setae in + +conradti + +) and the presence or absence of basal white scaling on foretarsomere 2 of males and females (present in the +type +form; absent in + +conradti + +). It must also be noted that +Ribeiro (1991) +found “intermediate forms” (sex not mentioned) in +Angola +, +Burkina Faso +, +Nigeria +and +Uganda +with black and white scale-tufts on abdominal tergum VI, which he considered to be + +brevipalpis + +x + +conradti + +hybrids. Because the two forms are otherwise distinct throughout their ranges, we believe the “intermediate forms” may be morphological variants of one or the other form or, perhaps more likely, a currently unrecognized species. + + +In the same paper, +Ribeiro (1991) +described subspecies + +abyssinicus + +based on a single male collected in the former Keffa (or Kaffa) Province of +Ethiopia +, which is now a Zone in the South West Region of the country. Ribeiro distinguished + +abyssinicus + +from + +brevipalpis +sensu stricto + +by the absence of white scales on foretarsomere 2 (also entirely dark-scaled in + +conradti + +), from + +conradti + +by the white-scaled tufts of abdominal tergum VI (as in the +type +form) and from both + +brevipalpis +sensu stricto + +and + +conradti + +by the presence of fewer (8 and 10) setae on the ninth tergal lobes of the male genitalia (15–20 setae on each lobe in the other forms). + + +Hopkins (1936) +, after revealing he used the illustrations of the larva of + +conradti + +published by +Macfie & Ingram (1923) +to represent the larva of + +brevipalpis + +, stated that “The larva of the typical form has not been distinguished, but is known to be very similar and probably indistinguishable.” He did not indicate the source of this knowledge. +Hopkins (1952) +repeated verbatim his 1936 treatment of + +brevipalpis + +, except for the sentences from the last paragraph quoted above, which he changed to read “The descriptions and figures are of + +ssp. +conradti +Gr + +̧nberg, but the larva of the typical form is not distinguishable (E. C. C. +van Someren, 1946b +).” This is a delusive statement because +van Someren (1946b) +actually stated that the larva of the +type +form is “Indistinguishable from that of + +M. brevipalpis +subsp. +conradti + +as described by +Macfie and Ingram (1922 +[ +1923 +]) and +Hopkins (1936) +.” Obviously this chain of presuppositions obscures the fact that the larva of + +brevipalpis +sensu stricto + +is essentially unknown and has not been the subject of detailed comparative morphological study. + + +If it is not obvious from the analyses of the previous three species of + +Toxorhynchites + +, it should be noted that species of + +Toxorhynchites + +are generally very poorly known taxonomically, extremely similar in all life stages and troublesome to identify. Most species have been distinguished based on pale scaling of the tarsi, which is often different in males and females of the same species, and the color of scales on areas of the thorax and abdomen, which may be variable or dependent on lighting and interpretation. Additionally, as pointed out by +Steffan & Evenhuis (1985) +, “Species that are easily distinguishable in one stage may be entirely indistinguishable, or separable by only a single character, in another stage. …Because of the subtleties involved in distinguishing among the different species of + +Toxorhynchites + +in various stages, accurate identification necessitates well-preserved and prepared specimens of both sexes in each stage. Adults with associated pupal and larval skins [exuviae]… provide the most useful taxonomic information.” Unfortunately, individually reared adults with associated larval and pupal exuviae are lacking for + +Tx. brevipalpis + +and its currently recognized subspecies. Nevertheless, we believe that the available morphological and distributional information is sufficient to formally recognize the three nominal forms as separate species: The nominotypical species and + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +conradti +Grünberg, 1907 + + +, which have largely allopatric distributions that overlap in central Africa, without demonstrable evidence of introgression, and + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +abyssinicus +Ribeiro, 1991 + + +, which is diagnosed by a unique combination of characters and appears to be isolated from populations of + +Tx. conradti + +. + +Toxorhynchites conradti + +and + +Tx. abyssinicus + +are both currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Toxorhynchites brevipalpis + +has a single synonym, + +Tx. marshallii +Theobald, 1903a + +, described from an adult male from Salisbury, +Mashonaland +, a region in northern +Zimbabwe +which today is divided into four provinces. The +type +locality of + +marshallii + +is within the allopatric range of + +Tx. brevipalpis + +, and should be retained as a synonym of that species. + +Toxorhynchites conradti + +has two synonyms, + +Tx. schultzei +Enderlein, 1931 + +( +type +locality: “Franẑsisch Äquatorial-Afrika, Mongumba am Ubangi-Fluβ”—Mongoumba is a town on the Ugangi River in the +Central African Republic +), and + +Tx. tessmanni +Enderlein, 1931 + +( +type +locality: “ +Spanisch-Guinea +. Uam-Gebiet: Alen Benito”—Alen Benito [?Benito River; Alen is a mountain], Uam area [ +Rio Muni +mainland], Equatorial Africa). These two nominal forms are each based on a single adult female. Their +type +localities are located in the allopatric range of + +conradti + +, and they should be retained as synonyms of that species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4D0AD7FF54F9ACFA0A5AD0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4D0AD7FF54F9ACFA0A5AD0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bbdc2013437 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4D0AD7FF54F9ACFA0A5AD0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,475 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Trichoprosopon compressum +Lutz + + + + + + + +subspecies + +compressum +Lutz, 1905 + +—original combination: + +Trichoprosopon compressum + +. Distribution: +Argentina +, +Bolivia +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Ecuador +, French Guiana, +Guyana +, +Panama +, +Paraguay +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +mogilasium +( +Dyar & Knab, 1907 +) + +—original combination: + +Joblotia mogilasia + +(varietal status by +Stone 1944 +; subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Brazil +, +Ecuador +, +French Guiana +, +Panama +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Trichoprosopon + +is a very poorly known genus.As currently defined, it only includes 14 formerly recognized species ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +; + +Rivera-García +et al +. 2023 + +), but there are an unknown number of undescribed species (T. J. Zavortink and the late E. L. Peyton, pers. comm., circa 1992). Based on this and what little is known about the morphology of the immature stages of + +compressum +sensu stricto + +and + +mogilasium + +, it is difficult to know for certain whether they are the same or separate species. The pupa of + +compressum + +was fully illustrated by +Knight & Chamberlain (1948) +and the pupa and larva were briefly described and partially illustrated by +Lane (1953) +. The immature stages of + +mogilasium + +have not been described. + + +The nominate subspecies was described from an “unspecified number of ♂ and +♀ +from unspecified localities in the states of +São Paulo +and +Rio de Janeiro +, +Brazil +” (Belkin 1968). +Lane (1953) +listed the +type +locality as “ +Brasil +, State of S. Paulo, Pindamonhanga”. The locality, however, has been misinterpreted to be equivalent to +São Paulo +( + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; Belkin 1968; +Knight & Stone 1977 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). The +type +locality is Pindamonhangaba, a municipality in the state of +São Paulo +located in the +Paraíba +Valley approximately +100 km +northeast of the city of +Sao Paulo +. Subspecies + +mogilasium + +and + +Joblotia trichorryes +Dyar & Knab, 1907 + +, a synonym of + +compressum + +(see below), were both described from specimens collected at Tabernilla in the Canal Zone of +Panama +. + + +The three nominal forms, + +compressum + +, + +mogilasium + +and + +trichorryes + +, have an interesting history. + +Joblotia mogilasia + +and + +J. trichorryes + +were described as separate species on the same page ( +Dyar & Knab 1907 +), with the latter preceding the former. We believe the descriptions support their recognition as separate species, especially the presence of setae and scales on the clypeus of + +mogilasia + +and the presence of only setae on the clypeus of + +trichorryes + +. The two forms were listed as separate species in Panama by +Dyar (1923) +, but five years later +Dyar (1928) +treated them as synonyms of + +J. compressa + +without explanation. This was in turn followed by +Edwards (1932a) +, who listed them as synonyms of + +Tr. compressum + +. +Lane (1936a) +, based on a single female collected on human bait at Nhandeara, a municipality in +São Paulo State +of +Brazil +, revalidated + +mogilasia + +as a species of + +Joblotia + +, based on “the fact that in our specimen the clypeus is laterally covered with dark scales and some setae that are barely perceptible” (translated from the Portuguese). Lane further noted that “If there really are no scales in the + +mogilasia + +type +then our specimen is atypical or a new species.” Strangely, +Lane & Cerqueira (1942) +reasoned that because the presence of setae and scales on the clypeus “is the only character that separates the adults of + +T. mogilasium + +from those of + +T. digitatum + +and as the existing material is represented only by some females, we believe that it is preferable to consider + +T. mogilasium + +as a variety of + +T. digitatum + +until other phases of biology are known and the systematic position definitively established” (translated from the Portuguese). +Stone (1944) +noted that Lane & Cerqueira had discovered that scales may be present on the clypeus of both + +Tr. digitatum +( +Rondani, 1848 +) + +and + +Tr. compressum + +, and they had incorrectly treated + +mogilasium + +as a variety of + +digitatum + +. Stone therefore established + +mogilasium + +as a variety of + +compressum + +, stating that it “agrees with typical + +compressum + +in all diagnostic characters save that there are some scales intermingled with the hairs [setae] on the sides of the clypeus.” The taxonomic status of + +mogilasium + +was confused until it was clarified by +Harbach & Howard (2007) +as follows: “ +Knight & Stone (1977) +indicated that + +Joblotia mogilasia + +was formally recognized as a subspecies of + +Tr. compressum + +by +Stone (1944) +and later afforded varietal status by + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +. This is incorrect as +Stone (1944) +unambiguously treated this nominal species as a variety of + +Tr. compressum + +. Because + +mogilasium + +was adopted (originally) as the valid name of a species prior to 1985, it is deemed to be subspecific with availability from its original publication ([ICZN] Article 45.6.4.1).” + + +In summary, setae and scales are present on the clypeus of + +mogilasium + +whereas only setae are found on the clypeus of + +compressum + +and + +trichorryes + +. In comparison with the detailed morphological descriptions of adult mosquitoes published post-Belkin (1962), the available descriptions of + +compressum + +, + +mogilasium + +and + +trichorryes + +reveal that specimens were not studied in detail and were only superficially examined. +Lane (1953) +provided the most recent treatment of species currently included in the genus, and for the most part his descriptions are very superficial and unsatisfactory. The three nominal forms considered here are based entirely on adult characters, principally general coloration of scaling and the length of various appendages. The adults may actually show many good characters, but these need to be studied in much greater detail than has been done by the authors cited above. The larvae and pupae of sabethine mosquitoes are known to exhibit striking anatomical differences ( +Zavortink 1979 +), but these life stages, as indicated above, are either unknown or have not been studied in sufficient detail to evaluate their usefulness in recognizing and distinguishing similar species. In the case of the nominal forms of concern here, while it appears on superficial examination that only one variable species is involved, we suspect it is likely that several distinct sympatric forms may be present. This is supported by the recognition of a Compressum Complex by +Zavortink (1981) +that includes two “closely related [undescribed] allopatric taxa [which] occur in bamboo internodes and are apparently indistinguishable. However, in characteristics of the adults and male genitalia, these taxa differ to a much greater extent than do the sympatric species of the + +Tr. digitatum + +complex [see below], and so I consider these allopatric taxa to be distinct species.” Zavortink did not mention subspecies + +mogilasium + +. + + +Based on the original descriptions, recorded distributions and the distinct possibility that morphological and genetic distinctions await discovery, and because it is important to determine with certainty whether or not the nominal species of our predecessors are distinct biological species, we believe it is befitting to return + +mogilasium + +and + +trichorryes + +to their original species status: + + +Trichoprosopon mogilasium +( +Dyar & Knab, 1907 +) + + +and + +Trichoprosopon + +trichorryes +( +Dyar & Knab, 1907 +) + + +, elevated from synonymy with + +Tr. compressum +Lutz, 1905 + +. + +Trichoprosopon mogilasium + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life; + +Tr. trichorryes + +needs to be added to the list. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4E0A29FF54FAB2FD665FBA.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4E0A29FF54FAB2FD665FBA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..756967dff8b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4E0A29FF54FAB2FD665FBA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,486 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +manicatus +(Edwards) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +manicatus +( +Edwards, 1921a +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhinus manicatus + +. Distribution: +Japan +, +Taiwan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +yamadai +( +Ôuchi, 1939 +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhinus yamadai + +(subspecific status by + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). Distribution: +Japan +(Amami Ôshima, Ryukyu Archipelago) ( +Ôuchi 1939 +). + + +subspecies + +yaeyamae +Bohart, 1956 + +—original combination: + +Toxorhynchites yaeyamae + +(subspecific status by + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). Distribution: +Japan +(Ryukyu-Retto) ( +Bohart 1956 +). + + + + +These three nominal forms were originally described as separate species: + +manicatus + +from +Taiwan +and + +yaeyamae + +and + +yamadai + +from islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago (see below). +Tanaka (1971a +, b) and + +Tanaka +et al +. (1975) + +recognized + +yaeyamae + +as a subspecies of + +yamadai + +based on examination of all life stages of the former from Iriomote (provenance of the +type +locality) and Ishigaki Islands and the latter from Amami Ōshima (provenance of the +type +locality), stating that the adults and larvae are identical with the exception that the postpronotal lobes of the adults have a broad dark-scaled dorsal area in + +yamadai + +and a narrow dark-scaled dorsal margin in + +yaeyamae + +. The subspecific status of + +yamadai + +and + +yaeyamae + +was established by + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +, who provided the following explanation. + + +The characteristics differentiating + +yamadai + +, + +yaeyamae + +and + +manicatus + +do not appear sufficient to consider them as 3 distinct species. However, they may be recognized as 3 subspecies, because of the existence of rather distinct and not clinal local variations and their definite allopatricity. The posterior pronotal lobe is covered with dark metallic purple or indigo-blue scales on upper 0.5–0.6 in + +yamadai + +and + +manicatus + +, and the upper 0.25 or less in + +yaeyamae + +. White scaling on the tarsi is most developed in + +manicatus + +, least in + +yamadai + +and intermediate in + +yaeyamae + +; this may be clinal. Transverse bands of white scales on female abdominal terga are most developed in + +yamadai + +, least in + +yaeyamae + +and intermediate in + +manicatus + +, but these are also highly variable within each subspecies. Lateral bristles [setae] of abdominal terga VI–VIII are most developed in + +manicatus + +, the bristles are stiffer and denser than in the other 2 subspecies, though not so conspicuous as in the + +towadensis + +group; these bristles are nearly equal to those on anterior terga in + +yaeyamae + +, while in + +yamadai + +, they are more developed than in + +yaeyamae + +and less so than in + +manicatus + +. Purple scaling on the median line of the abdominal sterna is most developed in + +manicatus +, IV + +is usually golden only in narrow lateral margins or small lateroapical patches, VII has a broad median line of purple scales, II, V and VI usually have complete, narrow to moderately broad median lines, II often has an incomplete one. The purple scaling is least developed in + +yaeyamae + +and intermediate in + +yamadai + +. +Male +tergum IX is broad, parallel-sided, with the apical margin straight, having 21,22 bristles on each side in +one specimen +of + +yamadai + +. In + +yaeyamae + +and + +manicatus + +, it is fairly variable, but usually more or less apically narrowed, or having the more strongly rounded lateroapical angle, and the apical margin slightly to deeply concave; the setae are 12–16 (6) in + +yaeyamae + +, 10–14 (2) in + +manicatus + +. The claspette is 0.96–1.09 (1) as wide as long in + +yamadai + +, while it is 1.10–l.40 (7) in the other 2. The shape of tergum IX is usually quite variable in this genus. At present, we have only +1 male +specimen of + +yamadai + +, and consider its 9th tergite [tergum IX] as a case of individual variation which is rather more remarkable than other variable characters of this species. + + +As mentioned above for + +Culex hayashii +Yamada, 1917 + +, the islands of the Ryukyu Archipelago are separated from Palaearctic +Japan +and +Taiwan +by two large gaps, and the flora and fauna of the Archipelago tend to be very different from the flora and fauna on the northern and southern sides of those gaps, respectively. We noted above that + +Toma +et al +. (2019) + +had elevated + +Tripteroides bambusa yaeyamensis +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +, which is found in the central and southern regions of the archipelago, to specific status based on molecular and genetic distinctions from + +Tp. bambusa +( +Yamada, 1917 +) + +in the northern Palaearctic region of +Japan +. What we neglected to mention is that + +Tp. bambusa + +, which like + +Tx. manicatus + +develops in plant cavities, is actually three species: + +Tp. bambusa + +in the Palaearctic region of +Japan +north of the northern gap; + +Tp. yaeyamensis +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +, originally described as a subspecies of + +Tp. bambusa + +, in the central and southern regions of the archipelago; and an undescribed + +bambusa + +-like species in +Taiwan +. Considering (1) the morphological comparisons of + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +, (2) the parallel distributions of + +manicatus +sensu stricto + +(Taiwan) and + +yaeyamae + +with the + +bambusa + +-like species (Taiwan) and + +Tp. yaeyamensis +(Yaeyama Islands) + +, respectively, (3) the allopatric occurrence of + +yaeyamae + +and + +yamadai + +in the southern and central regions of the Ryukyu Archipelago, respectively, and (4) because island species are known to evolve independently from species on other islands, we believe that molecular data, once available, will show that + +manicatus + +, + +yaeyamae + +and + +yamadai + +are separate species (a +COI +sequence is currently available for + +yaeyamae +, GenBank + +accession LC441028, + +Toma +et al +. 2019 + +). For these reasons, we hereby restore + +yaeyamae + +and + +yamadai + +to their original specific status: + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +yaeyamae +Bohart, 1956 + + +and + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +yamadai +( +Ôuchi, 1939 +) + + +. + +Toxorhynchites yaeyamae + +and + +Tx. yamadai + +are both currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4F0A2AFF54FCEDFE1A5EC9.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4F0A2AFF54FCEDFE1A5EC9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f26426d44a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA4F0A2AFF54FCEDFE1A5EC9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,379 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +inornatus +(Walker) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +albitarsis +( +Brug, 1939 +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhinus inornatus +var. +albitarsis + +(subspecific status by + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +). Distribution: +Indonesia +( +Sulawesi +) ( +Brug 1939 +). + + +subspecies + +inornatus +( +Walker, 1865 +) + +—original combination: + +Megarhina inornata + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Fiji +, +Indonesia +, +Papua New Guinea +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +), including the Islands Region ( +Bismarck Archipelago +) of +Papua New Guinea +and tentatively Buru Island of +Indonesia +( + +Lee +et al +. 1988b + +). + + + + +Walker (1865) +described + +Tx. inornatus + +(as + +Megarhina inornata + +) from an undisclosed number of adult males from New +Guinea +. +Theobald (1901a) +redescribed + +inornatus + +“from +two specimens +in the British Museum, one presumably Walker’s type of the ♂ described in Proc. Linn. Soc. Lond. viii. p. 102. A female is placed with it with broadly banded tarsi, the bands of white being basal. They both come from New +Guinea +, and are evidently a ♂ and +♀ +of the same species. The caudal tuft is clearly yellow and black, although no mention is made of it in Walker’s short description.” Surprisingly, despite the existence of the “type” specimen denoted by +Theobald (1901a) +and +Edwards (1923b) +, and its recognition as the +holotype +♂ by +Belkin (1962) +, +Steffan & White (1981) +found it necessary to designate a +lectotype +from “Walker’s series” to represent the species. Although inexplicable, we must assume that Steffan & White had good reasons for designating a +lectotype +, and it should be regarded as the type specimen. + + +Brug (1939) +described + +albitarsis + +as a variety of + +Megarhinus inornatus + +from +four males +“reared from larvae found in leaf-axillae of +Colocasia +in Kalawara ( +Celebes +)”, a town in present-day +Central Sulawesi +, +Indonesia +[ + +albitarsis + +was raised to subspecific status by + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +without explanation]. Brug noted that + +albitarsis + +is distinguished from the +type +form “by the scales of the vertex being bluish green instead of bronzy green; by most of the scales on the posterior pronotal lobe [postpronotum] being white instead of green. The white parties [bands] on the mid and hind tarsus are more extensive, in the typical form those on the second and mid and hind tarsal joint occupying half the length at most. However, the typical form has a white patch on the first hind tarsal [hindtarsomere 1], which + +var. albitarsis + +has not. In the former there are well defined white lateral patches on the abdominal tergites [terga], in the latter at most some scattered white scales.” Unfortunately, the adult female, larva and pupa of + +albitarsis + +are unknown, and it is not possible to make comparisons with published descriptions of the female ( +Theobald 1901a +; +Edwards 1923b +; +Belkin 1962 +), larva and pupa ( +Belkin 1962 +) of the +type +form. For the time being, it is only possible to compare features of the male of + +albitarsis + +described by +Brug (1939) +with those described for the male of the +type +form ( +Brug 1939 +; +Edwards 1923b +; +Belkin 1962 +), as shown in +Table 6 +. + + + +TABLE 6 +. Differences between the males of the subspecies of + +Toxorhynchites inornatus + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Character (♁) + + +albitarsis + + +inornatus +
Maxillary palpus, lengthAbout as long as proboscisDistinctly longer than proboscis
Postpronotum, scaling*Mostly white-scaledMostly green-scaled
Scutum, scalingDusky green, pale green at sidesStrongly metallic, greenish, particularly at sides
Abdomen, dorsalTergum I pale blue in middle, white at sides; other terga dark blue, shining pale blue at sidesShades of green at base to shades of blue towards tip, or terga bluish, purplish caudad
Abdomen, ventralPurple with some golden scales laterally on sterna V and VIBoard median purple stripe, broadened on sternum IV and at bases of sterna II, V, VI and VII
Lateral scale-tufts of segment VI*BlackAbout half white and half black
Midtarsomere 2*Almost entirely white, few black scales at apexWith basal white band
Hindtarsomere 1Dark-scaledBasal white band sometimes present
Hindtarsomere 2*Almost entirely white, few black scales atWith basal band at most 0.5 length of
base and apextarsomere
+ + +Characters marked with an asterisk (*) appear to be diagnostic for + +albitarsis + +. The other characters are liable to variation or subjective perception. Although anatomical data for the female and immature stages of + +albitarsis + +are not available for comparison with those of the +type +form, we believe that the characters of the male identified with asterisks are sufficiently diagnostic to warrant recognition of + +albitarsis + +as separate species: + + +Toxorhynchites +( +Toxorhynchites +) +albitarsis +( +Brug, 1939 +) + + +. It should be noted that + +albitarsis + +is only known from +Sulawesi +and has not been identified in other areas of the Australasian +Region +where only + +Tx. inornatus + +has been found; thus, the two species appear to be isolated from one another. + +Toxorhynchites albitarsis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA500A33FF54FE89FA955DD8.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA500A33FF54FE89FA955DD8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a7e0a1dfc6b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA500A33FF54FE89FA955DD8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,595 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Maillotia +) +salisburiensis +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +capensis +de Meillon, 1935 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Neoculex +) +salisburiensis +var. +capensis + +(subspecific status by +White 1975 +). Distribution: +South Africa +(de Meillon 1935). + + +subspecies + +coursi +Doucet, 1949 + +—original combination: + +Culex coursi + +(subspecific status by +White 1975 +). Distribution: +Madagascar +( +Doucet 1949 +). + + +subspecies + +salisburiensis +Theobald, 1901b +1901c + +—original combination: + +Culex salisburiensis + +. Distribution: +Democratic +Republic of the Congo, +Kenya +, +Lesotho +, +Madagascar +, +Nigeria +, +Saudi Arabia +, +South Africa +, +South Sudan +[but not +Sudan +( + +Simsaa +et al +. 2021 + +)], +Uganda +, +Yemen +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +This is another of the many Afrotropical species of + +Culex + +that have been poorly collected, little studied and are imperfectly known taxonomically. Many nominal species placed in the genus have been reduced to subspecies or synonyms when they were not studied as part of revisionary works. This applies to +White (1975) +, who recognized + +variety +capensis +de Meillon, 1935 + +and the species + +coursi +Doucet, 1949 + +as subspecies of + +salisburiensis + +. The concept of + +capensis + +is clouded by the loss of the +type +material, the original description based only on the adult female and its synonymy with + +salisburiensis + +by +Edwards (1941) +. The issue is further complicated by the description of + +Cx. salisburiensis naudeanus +Muspratt, 1961 + +from +Cape Province +of +South Africa +, which includes the +type +locality of + +capensis + +. As surmized by +White (1975) +, Muspratt “dismissed the availability of the name + +capensis + +because of the lack of type-material. He might also have wanted to allow for it being a species distinct from + +salisburiensis + +, since its identity cannot be completely resolved until further topotypic material is obtained. However, the published description of + +capensis + +quite supports its inclusion as a form [subspecies] of + +salisburiensis + +.” But how the description supports Mattingly’s conclusion is questionable as it only states that + +capensis + +is similar to + +salisburiensis + +but is darker and the proboscis is slightly longer than the forefemur. It is interesting to note that de Meillon (1935) questioned the recognition of + +capensis + +as a mere variety of + +salisburiensis + +: “Unfortunately, we did not collect any males, so for the present we have given this insect varietal rank only.” Unlike + +capensis +, Muspratt + +described +naudeanus +from a series of males and females with associated larval and pupal exuviae and fourth-instar larvae, and found that “This form appears to differ chiefly from + +C. salisburiensis + +*) in the larval comb and pecten spines… which are quite distinct.”—the asterisk and parenthesis refer to a footnote that says “The + +variety +capensis +De Meill. + +could not be compared owing to lack of +type +specimens.” As for the male genitalia, Muspratt stated that “no differences [were] found from [the] + +salisburiensis + +typical form.” + + +Knight (1953) identified a male and +two females +with associated larval and pupal exuviae collected in +Yemen +as specimens of + +Cx. salisburiensis + +, but questioned the identification because of many differences noted between the +Yemen +adults and the description of + +salisburiensis + +provided by +Edwards (1941) +. To confirm the identification, Knight sent a full description of the specimens and a drawing of the male genitalia (fig. +2 in +Knight 1953) to Peter Mattingly for comparison with specimens of + +salisburiensis + +deposited in the museum in London known at the time as the British Museum (Natural History). Comparisons were made with specimens from [South] +Sudan +, +Kenya +, +Zambia +(as N. +Rhodesia +), +Zimbabwe +(as S. +Rhodesia +) and many locations in +South Africa +, including +Cape Province +. Mattingly responded with the following assessment. + + +I am afraid almost all of the differences you noted are due to errors in Edwards’ description. The only difference of any significance is that, while the Nairobi males have terminalia [genitalia] identical with the +Yemen +form, those from further south lack the longest of three accessory bristles [seta +f +] on the subapical lobe and one of the two small setae on the dististyle [gonostylus]. It is clear therefore that we have a northern and a southern form but it is impossible to say which is the +type +form since I have no males from +Salisbury +[ +Harare +, +Zimbabwe +]…. +It +may be possible eventually to distinguish two subspecies. +The +southern forms are certainly much darker than yours, especially with respect to the scutal scaling but the +Nairobi +specimens are intermediate and, I should think, would probably intergrade in +Eritrea +. +Also +the +two specimens +from Chilanga [ +Zambia +] suggest that there is considerable seasonal variation since one, collected in January, is very dark, while the other collected in November, is as pale as the Nairobi form. Edwards’ figure for the length of the female palps [maxillary palpi] seems to have been based on a single aberrant or shrunken specimen; and the tergal bands are variable, even in the same locality. The other differences are just errors in description. + + +As confirmation of the errors in Edwards’s description, we note that seta +g +of the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite illustrated by Knight as having “a distinctive angular and serrate margin and with a distinctive median pigmented area” bears no resemblance to the simple leaf illustrated by Edwards (fig. 83a). + + +Although +White (1975) +synonymized +naudeanus +with + +capensis + +, this was apparently unknown to or ignored by +Jupp (1996) +, who treated +naudeanus +as a subspecies of + +salisburiensis + +. He distinguished the larva of +naudeanus +from the larva of the typical form in a key and an illustration of the terminal abdominal segments, and illustrated the gonocoxite and phallosome of the male genitalia. His study was based on specimens collected in southern Africa that were housed in the former National Institute for Virology and the South African Institute for Medical Research, which were united in the year 2000 to form the +South Africa +National Institute for Communicable Diseases. The two forms in southern Africa are clearly easily distinguished by the form of the comb scales and pecten spines, as originally noted by Muspratt (1961). Subspecies +naudeanus +differs from the typical form in having mostly spine-like comb scales with saw tooth-like lateral margins and simple curved darkly pigmented pecten spines. In the typical form, the comb scales are evenly fringed and the pecten spines have a row of proximal denticles. It should also be noted that head seta 5-C is about as long and thick as seta 6-C in larvae of +naudeanus +, as opposed to being about half as long and thinner in the +type +form (Muspratt 1961). A comparison of the drawings of the gonocoxite provided by Knight (1953) and +Jupp (1996) +indicates that setal group +d–f +of +naudeanus +(= + +capensis + +) consists of fewer setae and seta +g +has a more globose head and a narrower stem. One can only imagine how many other differences would be found to distinguish + +capensis + +from the typical form if the adults, larvae and pupae were subjected to a comprehensive comparative anatomical study. Based on the distinctive differences in structures of the larvae and male genitalia, and also because + +capensis + +and the +type +form occur in the same geographical areas, we believe that further study will reveal that the former is a genetically separate species; thus, we believe that + +capensis + +should be formally afforded species status: + + +Culex +( +Maillotia +) +capensis +de Meillon, 1935 + + +. + +Culex capensis + +needs to be added to the list of + +Culex +species + +recognized in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Subspecies + +coursi + +was described as a full species based on larvae collected at the edge of a rice field on the road between Bejofo and Amparafaravola in the Alaotra-Mangoro Region of +Madagascar +( +Doucet 1949 +). The adults are unknown. +White (1975) +dismissed the specific status of + +coursi + +based on his perception that “the published description differs insufficiently from that of [the] + +salisburiensis + +type-form to warrant maintaining + +coursi + +above subspecific rank.” We have carefully examined the description (in French, translated into English by +Hopkins 1952 +) and illustrations of + +coursi + +provided by Doucet and it seems obvious that White completely misjudged the degree of morphological distinction from + +salisburiensis + +. The larva of + +coursi + +bears the following exceptional differences from the larva of + +salisburiensis +: Dorsomentum + +differently shaped, resembling an equilateral triangle with six acute lateral teeth (more convex with four or five larger blunter lateral teeth in + +salisburiensis + +); comb comprised of about 35 rather broad scales with a fringe of rather coarse spicules (about 40–50 narrower scales with an even fringe of slender spicules in + +salisburiensis + +); siphon relatively short, broad at the base and tapered to the apex, index about 5 (siphon longer, more or less cylindrical, index about +7 in + +salisburiensis + +); three pairs of seta 1-S, each seta with 2–4 branches and distinctly shorter than the diameter of the siphon (four to six pairs of seta 1-S, each seta with 5–8 branches and distinctly longer that the diameter of the siphon in + +salisburiensis + +); siphon with two anterolateral setae, each with 2 or 3 branches (siphon with three anterolateral setae, each with 1 or 2 branches in + +salisburiensis + +); anal papillae about as long as the saddle, dorsal pair about the same length as the ventral pair (anal papillae shorter than the saddle, dorsal pair distinctly shorter than the ventral pair in + +salisburiensis + +). Based on these striking differences, we agree with +Doucet (1949) +and +Hopkins (1952) +that + +coursi + +is unlikely to be conspecific with + +salisburiensis + +, which it does not resemble as closely as was perceived by +White (1975) +. Additionally, + +coursi + +is apparently sympatric with + +salisburiensis + +in the Lake Alaotra region on the eastern slopes of the central highlands of +Madagascar +( +Doucet 1949 +; + +Tantely +et al +. 2016 + +). Obviously, it is necessary for + +coursi + +to be reinstated to its original status as a distinct species: + + +Culex +( +Maillotia +) +coursi +Doucet (1949) + + +. + +Culex coursi + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Two nominal species are recognized as junior synonyms of + +Cx. salisburiensis + +: + +Cx. bostocki +Theobald, 1905c + +( +type +locality: +Transvaal Province +, +South Africa +) and + +Cx. salisburiensis +var. +amboannulatus +Theobald, 1913a + +( +type +locality: Hout Bay, Pinelands and Palmiet River, +Cape Province +, +South Africa +). These nominal forms are based on descriptions of adult specimens—the +type +specimen of + +bostocki + +is a female and the +type +of +amboannulatus +is a male (genitalia not described or illustrated). In the absence of information about the larvae and male genitalia, it is not possible to know whether the two nominal forms might be conspecific with + +Cx. capensis + +rather than + +Cx. salisburiensis + +; consequently, for the time being they should remain as synonyms of the latter species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA510A34FF54FC7DFB2E5AD0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA510A34FF54FC7DFB2E5AD0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..646d638faed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA510A34FF54FC7DFB2E5AD0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,306 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Maillotia +) +hortensis +Ficalbi + + + + + + + +subspecies + +hortensis +Ficalbi, 1889 + +—original combination: + +Culex hortensis + +. Distribution: +Afghanistan +, +Albania +, +Algeria +, +Andorra +, +Armenia +, +Austria +, +Azerbaijan +, +Belgium +, +Bosnia and Herzegovina +, +Bulgaria +, Crimean Peninsula, +Cyprus +, +Czech +Republic, +France +, FYRO +Macedonia +, +Georgia +, +Germany +, +Greece +, +Hungary +, +India +, +Iran +, +Iraq +, +Israel +, +Italy +, +Kosovo +, +Lebanon +, +Liechtenstein +, +Malta +, +Morocco +, +Poland +, +Portugal +(includes +Madeira +), +Romania +, +Russia +, +Serbia +, +Slovakia +, +Slovenia +, +Spain +, +Switzerland +, +Tajikistan +, +Tunisia +, +Turkey +, +Ukraine +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies +maderensis +Mattingly, 1955—original combination: + +Culex +( +Neoculex +) +hortensis +ssp. +maderensis + +. Distribution: +Madeira Islands +( +Portugal +) (Mattingly 1955a; Ribeiro +et al +. 1988). + + + + + +Culex hortensis + +, originally described and named from specimens collected at locations in +Tuscany +, +Italy +( +Ficalbi 1889 +), is widely distributed in western areas of the Palaearctic Region. Mattingly (1955) described and named subspecies +maderensis +for a population on +Madeira +Island of +Portugal +for which the adults have “scarcely any apical banding of the abdominal segments” ( +Christophers 1929 +). Mattingly stated “In my opinion, its color very clearly different from that of all the other forms of + +C. hortensis + +that I have been able to examine, as well as the clear presumption that it is characteristic for a determined geographical area, give me the right to re-describe it as a separate subspecies” (translated from the French). Christophers and Mattingly both noted that the genitalia of the two forms are identical. + +Schaffner +et al +. (2001) + +suspected that +maderensis +also occurs in the Canary Islands, but the presence of + +hortensis + +in the Canaries was confirmed by F. M. Edwards, as indicated in a footnote in +Christophers (1929) +: “Specimens from the Canaries have been very kindly examined by Mr. Edwards who very kindly informs me that the hypopygeal [genitalic] characters are, as I suspected, identical.” More recently, + +Rogozi +et al +. (2012) + +identified +maderensis +in +Albania +, presumably based on reduced apical pale banding of the abdominal terga; thus, indicating sympatric variation with regard to this anatomical feature. It seems likely that + +Cx. hortensis + +was transported to Madeira Island in historical times and has not evolved into a separate species, and is, as suggested by +Christophers (1929) +, nothing more than a “locally less banded variety”. Henceforth, unless molecular data show otherwise, which seems unlikely, the nominal subspecies +maderensis +must be formally recognized as a synonymous name: + +maderensis +Mattingly, 1955, junior subjective synonym of + +Culex +( +Maillotia +) +hortensis +Ficalbi, 1889 + + +. The nominal +maderensis +, which is listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, must be removed from the list of valid species of + +Culex + +. + + +With the synonymy of +maderensis +, + +Cx. hortensis + +now includes three junior synonyms.The previously recognized synonyms include + +Maillotia pilifera +Theobald, 1907 + +( +type +locality: Bornand, Haute Savoie, +France +) and + +Cx. lavieri +Larrousse, 1925 + +( +type +locality: +Algeria +). These are undoubtedly conspecific with + +Cx. hortensis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA520A35FF54FD79FAD95984.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA520A35FF54FD79FAD95984.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d3707f8a459 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA520A35FF54FD79FAD95984.xml @@ -0,0 +1,378 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Lophoceraomyia +) +curtipalpis +(Edwards) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +curtipalpis +( +Edwards, 1914 +c) + +—original combination: + +Lophoceratomyia curtipalpis + +. Distribution: +Cambodia +, +Indonesia +, +Malaysia +, +Singapore +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +sumatranus +Brug, 1931 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +sumatranus + +(subspecific status by +Meng & Chen +1980). Distribution: +Cambodia +, +Indonesia +, +Macau +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Edwards (1914 +c) described + +curtipalpis + +from +five males +collected at Kuching Reservoir in +Sarawak +, +Malaysia +. His description did not mention or include an illustration of the male genitalia. Edwards (1928) added some details to his previous description, including a brief description of the genitalia and an illustration of the gonostylus. The larva and pupa were described by +Edwards & Given (1928) +based on association with reared adults. The male and larva were later described and illustrated in more detail by +Colless (1965) +, +Bram (1967) +and +Sirivanakarn (1977) +, and the pupa was described by the last author. + + +Subspecies + +sumatranus + +was originally described by Brug (1931) as a species of the subgenus + +Culex + +, described from a single male reared from a larva taken from a pitcher plant in the vicinity of Dermajoe, Benkoelen, +Sumatra +. Brug illustrated the male genitalia and the head and terminal abdominal segments of the larval exuviae. The species was transferred to the subgenus + +Neoculex + +by +Brug & Edwards (1931) +, and this was accepted (see + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +) until Sirivanakarn (1971) recognized it as a species of the subgenus + +Lophoceraomyia + +. It was later regarded as a subspecies of + +Cx. curtipalpis + +by +Meng & Chen (1980) +. + + +As revealed by +Barraud (1934) +, in a footnote on page 351, and discussed by +Sirivanakarn (1977) +, the larva described and illustrated by Brug (1931) was wrongly associated with the adult male, and adults reared from larvae collected in +Hong Kong +and elsewhere are identical with the larva of + +curtipalpis + +described by +Edwards & Given (1928) +. Sirivanakarn treated + +sumatranus + +as a distinct species, but noted that “All stages of + +sumatranus + +are exceedingly similar to and indistinguishable from + +curtipalpis + +except for the male which differs from the latter rather strikingly in the absence of the modified tufts of the male antenna.” For clarity, unlike + +curtipalpis + +, the flagellar whorls of + +sumatranus + +are weakly verticillate or comprised of relatively fewer long setae and tufts of modified setae/scales are absent on flagellomeres 5–9 or a rudimentary or inconspicuous tuft of four very short setae may be present on the mesal surface of flagellomere 7. Contrary to +Sirivanakarn (1977) +, +Meng & Chen (1980) +considered this striking difference to be nothing more than interspecific variation. + + +In view of the poor illustration of the male genitalia of + +sumatranus + +provided by Brug (1931), we decided it was important to examine the +holotype +in the Natural History Museum, London. The dissected genitalia of the +holotype +are poorly mounted on a microscope slide. The left gonocoxite seems to be positioned differently than indicated in Brug’s illustration, and the gonostylus, which is tapered to the apex in the illustration, is expanded and strongly modified as illustrated by +Colless (1965 +: fig. 29d), +Bram (1967 +: fig. 22) and +Sirivanakarn (1977 +: fig. 69). The setae of the subapical lobe are inaccurately drawn, but the two setae proximal to setae +a–c +are clearly present. Setae +a–c +are more tapered and pointed than illustrated, and also tapered more distally than illustrated by Colless, Bram and Sirivanakarn for + +curtipalpis + +. Foliform seta +g +is not shown in the drawing, but it probably was not seen by Brug because it is very faint and difficult to see even under differential interference contrast microscopy, which we used to examine the genitalia. Surprisingly, it is much longer and narrower than seta +g +shown in the illustrations of the genitalia of + +curtipalpis + +provided by Colless, Bram and Sirivanakarn, which is short and very broad, about as broad as long. It is likely that +Sirivanakarn (1977) +also did not see seta +g +when he examined the +holotype +of + +sumatranus + +(he undoubtedly used traditional bright-field microscopy), otherwise he would have noted this obvious difference in his description of the species. These differences, along with the absence of modified tufts of setae or scales on the antennal flagellum, are a clear indication that + +sumatranus + +is a species distinct from + +curtipalpis + +. Based solely on the antennal characteristics, both forms have been found in areas of +Cambodia +, +Indonesia +( +Sumatra +) and +Vietnam +. Considering this apparent sympatry and the morphological distinctions exhibited by the adult male, we believe + +curtipalpis + +and + +sumatranus + +are genetically distinct species and hereby reinstate the latter to its original specific status: + + +Culex +( +Lophoceraomyia +) +sumatranus +Brug, 1931 + + +. + +Culex sumatranus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Culex sumatranus + +has a single synonym, + +Cx. gudouensis +Chang, Zhao, Hang & Chen, 1975 + +( +type +locality: Xin-hui Shien, Kwangtung Province, +People’s Republic of China +), which was synonymized with + +sumatranus + +by +Meng & Chen (1980) +. The illustration of the subapical lobe of + +Cx. gudouensis + +provided by + +Chang +et al +. (1975) + +is very poor. There is no indication of seta +g +, but Meng & Chen examined the +type +specimens and noted the presence of a “broad leaf” that was “ignored in the original description” (translated from the Chinese). This does not clearly indicate, however, whether seta +g +is like that of + +Cx. curtipalpis + +or + +Cx. sumatranus + +, but Meng & Chen also noted that a tuft of specialized short setae was present only on the seventh flagellomere of the antenna, and used this as the primary character to support the synonymy of + +Cx. gudouensis + +. Unless other information becomes available to indicate otherwise, + +Cx. gudouensis + +should continue to be recognized as junior synonym of + +Cx. sumatranus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA550A3FFF54FE75FC5A5D48.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA550A3FFF54FE75FC5A5D48.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c65f869f32a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA550A3FFF54FE75FC5A5D48.xml @@ -0,0 +1,812 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +annulioris +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +annulioris +Theobald, 1901a + +—original combination: + +Culex annulioris + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Madagascar +, +Malawi +, +Mali +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +São Tomé and Príncipe +, +Senegal +, +Seychelles +, +South +Africa, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +consimilis +Newstead, 1907 + +(in + +Newstead +et al +. 1907 + +)—original combination: + +Culex tigripes +var. +consimilis + +(subspecific status by +Edwards 1941 +). Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +( +Lewis 1956 +, but not +Sudan +, see + +Simsaa +et al +. 2021 + +), +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Culex annulioris + +was described from a single female collected in Salisbury, +Southern Rhodesia +(present-day +Harare +, +Zimbabwe +), “distinguished by the abdominal ornamentation, which is very marked and peculiar”, “each segment with a triangular basal patch of creamy yellow scales, and with apical lateral patches of yellow scales” ( +Theobald 1901a +). + + +Subspecies + +consimilis + +, originally proposed as a variety of + +Lutzia tigripes +(de Grandpré & de Charmoy, 1901) + +and subsequently recognized as a subspecies of + +annulioris + +by +Edwards (1941) +, was described from females collected at several localities in the +Belgium Congo +(present-day +Democratic Republic of the Congo +). The abdomen of the female was described by Newstead (in + +Newstead +et al +. 1907 + +) as having “narrow basal bands; basal segment with two median black apical spots; sixth and seventh segments with two lateral apical pale spots.” As pointed out in a footnote, +Edwards (1941) +observed that “in the +lectotype +the slight appearance of banding is merely due to the pale marginal hairs [setae] and not to pale scales.” He also noted that “only small apical lateral spots, if any…” were present on segments VI and VII. Oddly, except for Edwards, there is no mention of a +lectotype +of + +consimilis + +in the catalogs of + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +, +Knight & Stone (1977) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +; however, Townson (1990) indicated the presence of +two syntype females +in the British Museum (Natural History) (now the Natural History Museum, London), one from Kasongo, +Zaire +(present day +Democratic Republic of the Congo +) and the other one with no locality. As confirmation of the +lectotype +, +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +stated that + +consimilis + +was “described from a female from Kasongo, +Belgium Congo +,” which “differs from the type form by: the absence of basal pale markings on the terga 1–7, the apicolateral pale triangular spots being reduced and not appearing clearly as on segments 6 and 7” (translated from the French). + + +Edwards (1911b) +treated + +consimilis + +as a species of + +Culex + +, distinct from + +Cx. annulioris + +, and recognized + +Cx. pseudoannulioris +Theobald, 1909 + +, described from +three females +captured at Obuasi, +Gold Coast +(present-day +Ghana +), as its junior synonym. Theobald recognized + +pseudoannulioris + +as “A very pronounced, banded proboscis species, coming near + +C. annulioris +, Theobald + +”, differing in having the “Abdomen unbanded, deep blackish brown with lateral creamy scales, which to some extent form apical spots above”. In addition to + +pseudoannulioris +, +Edwards (1941) + +recognized + +Cx. annulioris +var. +congolensis +Evans, 1923 + +and + +Cx. bitaeniorhynchus +var. +mayumbae +Galliard, 1931 + +as synonyms of subspecies + +consimilis + +. The former was described from +two males +collected at Leopoldville, +Belgian Congo +(present-day Kinshasa, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +), characterized as having the “ +abdomen entirely dark scaled above +[ +sic +], the median basal and lateral apical white markings characteristic of + +annulioris + +being entirely absent.” The + +variety +mayumbae + +was based on features of the phallosome of males reared from larvae collected in Tchibanga and Mouila, +Gabon +. + + +Two other nominal forms, + +Cx. annulioris +var. +gambiensis +Theobald, 1903b + +and + +Cx. annulioris +var. +major +Edwards, 1935 + +, are presently considered to be junior synonyms. The former, listed as a synonym of the +type +form by +Edwards (1932a) +, was described from a single female reared from a larva collected at [Bathurst, renamed +Banjul +in 1973], +Gambia +as having the abdomen “like the +type +, but the triangular basal white spots are very indistinct, but can be detected on each segment by a few white scales”. The + +variety +major + +, subsequently raised to subspecific rank by +Edwards (1941) +and synonymized with subspecies + +consimilis + +by +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +, was described from a series of specimens, including the +type +male, from Nairobi, +Kenya +, which differed from the +type +form in being larger and having “abdominal tergites [terga] with distinct basal pale bands which are somewhat widened in the middle; apical lateral pale spots very small or even absent.” Although +Edwards (1935) +mentioned that the male genitalia of + +major + +were not obviously different from those of the typical form, he later ( +Edwards 1941 +) noted that the phallosome differed “slightly from both the typical form and from + +ssp. +consimilis + +.” Actually, the lateral plate of + +major + +is more than slightly different than those of the +type +form and subspecies + +consimilis + +(see below). In addition to the specimens from Nairobi, Edwards also identified specimens of + +major + +from localities in +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +(as the +Belgian Congo +) and +Uganda +. + + +Based +on the examination of +type +material and specimens from +Benin +(as Dahomey), +Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Kenya, Republic of Upper Volta (as Haute-Volta) +and +Senegal +, +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +concluded “that [in] + +Culex annulioris + +there are very many variations in colouring which do not correspond at all to variations in the structure of the phallosome, the same structure of the phallosome being able according to the regions to correspond to very dark forms or to very pale forms. The systematic value of the +types +of + +C. annulioris + +and + +C. annulioris consimilis + +is therefore almost zero since they are females. For the sake of simplicity, we propose to continue to call + +C. annulioris +sensu stricto + +the specimens with smooth phallosome [ +i.e. +lateral plate, see below] and + +C. annulioris +var. +consimilis + +those with phallosome bearing numerous and long spicules. Although an almost pure population is generally observed at a given point, there are some forms of passage between the +two types +of phallosome; given the variations recorded here both in the exterior colouring and in the structure of the phallosome, it does not seem appropriate to continue to regard + +C. annulioris major + +as a different +variety from + +C. annulioris consimilis + +and we propose to treat it as a synonym [translated from the French].” + + +Cutting to the chase, we find that the conclusions reached by +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +are not convincing because they are based on presumed probability that features of the lateral plates of the male genitalia are not correlated with observed differences in the ornamentation of the adult females, principally the absence or presence and development of pale scaling on the abdominal terga. For the most part, neither the quantity nor quality of material available for study was adequate for resolving the taxonomy of the nominal forms. The study of Hamon & Ovazza was based entirely on adult mosquitoes, and characteristics of the immature stages were not considered. Indeed, the larval and pupal stages for all of the nominal forms are unknown, except the +type +form, which has not been definitely associated with topotypic material. As communicated by +Macfie & Ingram (1923) +, “The larva of this mosquito [ + +Cx. annulioris + +] has been figured by +Edwards [1912d] +… and included in his key to the larvae of African +CULICIDAE +; it is therefore unnecessary for us to do more than mention a few additional characters.” As usual, Edwards only illustrated the head (dorsal view) and abdominal segments VIII and X (lateral view). Macfie & Ingram also provided a description of the pupa, based on a single exuviae, and an illustration of the trumpet. The descriptions were based on specimens found in pools at Accra, +Ghana +. The authors did not indicate how the specimens were identified to species, but they were presumably associated with reared adults that were identifiable as the +type +form of + +Cx. annulioris + +. +Hopkins (1936 +, +1952 +) also described and illustrated the head and terminal abdominal segments of the + +annulioris + +larva, with notable differences from the illustrations of +Edwards (1912d) +: Antenna slightly curved and slightly more slender distal to seta 1A, with more numerous branches; comb with fewer large spine-like scales; siphon shorter (index about 6.0 as opposed to about 8.4); pecten short, on approximately the basal 0.06 of the siphon (on approximately the basal 0.15 of the siphon illustrated by Edwards). + + +With regard to the male genitalia, it is disappointing that attention has only been given to the structure of the lateral plate of the phallosome, which, in the case of the nominal taxa considered here, has been referred to inaccurately as the “hypopygium” ( +Galliard 1931 +; +Edwards 1935 +), “mesosome” ( +Galliard 1931 +) and “phallosome” ( +Edwards 1941 +; +Hamon & Ovazza 1956 +). +Jupp (1996) +correctly referred to it, for the most part, as the “lateral plate of phallosome”. More specifically, distinctions between the nominal forms for which the male genitalia are known ( + +i.e. +annulioris + +, + +consimilis + +and + +major + +) have focused on the curved ventrocaudal surface of the inner division of the lateral plate (the “posterior margin of the inner division” of +Edwards 1941 +). In the +type +form, that surface of the inner division bears numerous very minute spicules (characterized as “smooth” by +Hamon & Ovazza 1956 +) whereas in + +consimilis + +and + +major + +it bears many semi-recumbent thorn-like projections. However, the lateral plate is a complicated structure that exhibits differences in the shape and development of the dorsocaudal angle and its dorsally projecting recurved teeth, differences which seem to have been overlooked but are readily apparent in the illustrations provided by +Galliard (1931) +, +Edwards (1941) +, +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +and +Jupp (1996) +. Although the lateral plates of + +consimilis + +and + +major + +both have thorn-like projections on the ventrocaudal surface, the contour and development of the surface between the projections and the dorsally projecting teeth is very different, as shown in figures 101f ( + +major + +) and +101g +( + +consimilis + +) of +Edwards (1941) +. As illustrated by Edwards, and also +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +, in + +consimilis + +the region of the plate bearing the thorn-like projects is more or less evenly rounded and a distinct group of small dorsally directed denticles is present at the base of the recurved teeth whereas in + +major + +the region bearing the thorn-like processes is more angular and there are no denticles at the base of the recurved teeth. Surprisingly, none of the illustrations of the lateral plates which Hamon & Ovazza illustrated as those of + +consimilis + +are similar to the lateral plate of + +major + +illustrated by Edwards. We anticipate that other differences in structures of the male genitalia, +e.g. +the development of the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite and its specialized setae, will be found that further indicate the existence of a number of closely related species. + + +In addition to overlooking information about larvae and pupae, +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +also failed to consider the descriptions and illustrations of structures of the female genitalia of + +annulioris + +and + +consimilis + +(as separate species) provided by +Macfie & Ingram (1922) +. Differences were noted as follows: In + +annulioris + +, the postgenital lobe (their tenth segment) bears four or five small setae on each side of the ventral surface and the posterior margin is emarginate; the spermathecal capsules are “sub-equal, oval; length 99 μ, breadth 68 μ, the chitinised portion of the ducts very short, about 2 μ.” In contrast, the postgenital lobe of + +consimilis + +“bears about nine small setae on each side on its ventral aspect” and the posterior margin is not emarginate; the spermathecal capsules are larger, “the middle one measured 137 μ in length by 84 μ in breadth, and the chitinised portion of its duct was about 7 μ long, and in the other two spermathecae the corresponding measurements were 129 μ, 80 μ, and 4μ respectively.” The authors did not mention how the specimens were identified to species or where they were collected, but the observed differences clearly indicate potential specific distinctions. + + +A look at the collection records for the +type +form and subspecies + +consimilis + +and + +major + +reveals that the three forms occur in sympatry throughout central (sub-Saharan) and eastern Africa. It is interesting to note that the +type +localities of all nominal forms currently regarded as junior synonyms are in countries of central and western Africa, far north of the +type +locality of + +annulioris +sensu stricto + +in +Zimbabwe +. It is particularly interesting to note that the +type +locality of +gambiensis +, the sole synonym of the +type +form, is located more than +6,500 km +(by land) from +Zimbabwe +. Considering the ecological and topographical differences over the very wide distribution of + +Cx. annulioris +sensu lato + +, it is surprising that Hamon & Ovazza found no correlation of the marked variation in the coloration of the adults with geographical distribution. This is very puzzling because such variation is often suggestive of a species complex. + + +Whereas +Hamon & Ovazza (1956) +interpreted + +Cx. annulioris + +as an extremely variable species, we believe that the available morphological and distributional data provide evidence of a species complex. In the absence of a comprehensive study of topotypic material, the nominal forms remain poorly and inadequately known, particularly because the immature stages have never been used to help define them—the complete larval and pupal chaetotaxy has not been studied even for the two currently recognized subspecies. As in the case of several species of the +Vishnui Subgroup +of the subgenus + +Culex + +, whose lateral plates are very similar to those of + +Cx. annulioris + +and which exhibit marked similarities in the adult stage (see +Colless 1957 +and +Sirivanakarn 1976 +), we anticipate that larvae of reared specimens collected in the +type +localities are likely to show that + +annulioris + +, + +consimilis + +and + +major + +are clearly differentiated species. + + +In addition to morphology, bionomical and molecular data are needed to resolve the composition of the Annulioris Complex. For the time being, we believe it is prudent to recognize the following nominal taxa as separate species of the complex: + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +annulioris +Theobald, 1901a + + +, + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +consimilis +Newstead, 1907 + + +and + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +major +Edwards, 1935 + + +. + +Culex consimilis + +and + +Cx. major + +need to be added to the list of + +Culex +species + +recognized in the Encyclopedia of Life. The following nominal forms are provisionally retained as junior synonyms: + +Cx. annulioris +var. +gambiensis +Theobald, 1903b + +(synonym of + +Cx. annulioris +Theobald, 1901a + +); + +Cx. pseudoannulioris +Theobald, 1909 + +, + +Cx. annulioris +var. +congolensis +Evans, 1923 + +and + +Cx. bitaeniorhynchus +var. +mayumbae +Galliard, 1931 + +(synonyms of + +Cx. consimilis +Newstead, 1907 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fe35e4d0e50 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A31FF54FB77FE255B8C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Microculex +) +inimitabilis +Dyar & Knab + + + + + + + +subspecies + +fuscatus +Lane & Whitman, 1951 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Microculex +) +inimitabilis fuscatus + +. Distribution: +Brazil +, State of +Rio de Janeiro +( +Lane & Whitman 1951 +; +Lane 1953 +). + + +subspecies + +inimitabilis +Dyar & Knab, 1906b + +—original combination: + +Culex inimitabilis + +. Distribution: +Brazil +[(Middle Coastal States, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Pará ( +Lane 1953 +)], +Colombia +, +Ecuador +, +French Guiana +, +Guyana +, Lesser Antilles (includes +Grenada +, +Trinidad and Tobago +), +Panama +, +Suriname +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The subgenus + +Microculex + +has not been dealt with since +Lane & Whitman (1951) +and +Lane (1953) +, and the species are generally very poorly known. + +Culex inimitabilis + +was described from larvae, apparently lost ( +Stone & Knight 1957a +), that were collected in +Trinidad +. + +Howard +et al +. (1915) + +reproduced the very brief original description of the larva, provided a more detailed description of the larva and described the adult male and female, which established the currently accepted morphological concept of the species. They did not describe the pupa. +Dyar (1928) +provided a less detailed description of the female, male and larva, but he also did not describe the pupa + + +Lane & Whitman (1951) +established + +fuscatus + +as a subspecies of + +inimitabilis + +based on specimens reared from larvae collected in +Rio de Janeiro +, +Brazil +. The authors, and also +Lane (1953) +, provided brief descriptions of the female, male, pupa and larva of both forms and distinguished + +fuscatus + +based on the following differences: Abdominal terga of the adult female without basolateral white spots (present in the +type +form), siphon 10–12 times longer than the basal width (8–10 times longer in the +type +form), abdominal terga II–IV of the pupa with somewhat triangular area of dark pigmentation, the broad areas on terga each with a pair of unpigmented spots (dark area of pigmentation on terga III and IV and a pair of unpigmented spots on III in the +type +form), pupal seta 5-II nearly twice as long as the tergum (slightly shorter than the tergum in the +type +form). It is interesting that + +Howard +et al +. (1915) + +described the siphon of the larva of + +inimitabilis + +as being about 14 times longer than the basal width, and yet, in agreement with Lane & Whitman, +Dyar (1928) +indicated that the siphon of the +type +form is 10 times longer than the basal width, which brings into question the value of the siphon index for distinguishing the two forms. That aside, the differences exhibited by adult females and pupae, coupled with the recorded occurrence of both forms in +Rio de Janeiro State +, suggests that + +fuscatus + +and + +inimitabilis + +are separate species that exist in sympatry. Therefore, until additional observations may prove otherwise, we believe it is prudent to recognize + +fuscatus + +as a separate species: + + +Culex +( +Microculex +) +fuscatus +Lane & Whitman, 1951 + + +. + +Culex fuscatus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A32FF54FF38FC525E83.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A32FF54FF38FC525E83.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b84aa3eeccf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA560A32FF54FF38FC525E83.xml @@ -0,0 +1,269 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Microculex +) +imitator +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +imitator +Theobald, 1903a + +—original combination: + +Culex imitator + +. Distribution: +Argentina +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Ecuador +, French Guiana, +Guyana +, +Honduras +, Lesser Antilles (includes +Trinidad and Tobago +), +Mexico +, +Panama +, +Suriname +, +Uruguay +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +retrosus +Lane & Whitman, 1951 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Microculex +) +imitator retrosus + +. Distribution: +Brazil +( +Lane & Whitman 1951 +). + + + + +Despite being included in many taxonomic studies, + +Cx. imitator + +has only been superficially described, especially the larval and pupal stages. This also applies to subspecies + +retrosus + +, which has only been described once ( +Lane & Whitman 1951 +; summarized by +Lane 1953 +). However, Lane & Whitman provided distinctions, some unmentioned but illustrated, which seem to indicate that + +retrosus + +is a separate species. The differences include the following. In the male genitalia, ninth tergal lobe (as illustrated) short with relatively weak apical setae only slightly longer than the lobe (lobe elongate with strong apical setae about as long as the lobe in + +imitator + +); subapical lobe of the gonocoxite (as illustrated) relatively long, setae +a +and +b +equally broad with narrow hooked apices, proximal side of lobe with a row of relatively long setae (lobe shorter, setae +a +and +b +constricted before short somewhat leaf-like apical segment, seta +b +distinctly stouter than seta +a +, proximal side of lobe with a row of relatively short setae in + +imitator + +); basal hook of the lateral plate of the phallosome strongly curved/sharply bent (slightly curved, not bent in + +imitator + +). In the larva, based on the “prothoracic hair formula”, seta 4-P 3-branched and setae 6,8-P 2-branched (seta 4-P 2- branched and setae 6,8-P single in + +imitator + +). This, coupled with molecular evidence that + +Cx. imitator + +is a species complex in +Brazil +( + +Demari-Silva +et al +. 2011 + +), based on high intraspecific divergence (3.5%) in the mitochondrial +COI +gene and associated morphological differences in the pupal stage, we believe it is likely that further study will reveal + +retrosus + +is a separate species. Thus, + +retrosus + +is hereby elevated to specific status: + + +Culex +( +Microculex +) +retrosus +Lane & Whitman, 1961 + + +. + +Culex retrosus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Three nominal species are currently considered to be synonyms of + +Cx. imitator + +: + +Cx. daumasturus +Dyar & Knab, 1906b + +( +type +locality: +Trinidad and Tobago +), + +Cx +. +vector +Dyar & Knab, 1906b + +( +type +locality: +Trinidad and Tobago +) and + +Microculex argenteoumbrosus +Theobald, 1907 + +( +type +locality: +Rio de Janeiro +, +Brazil +). It is possible the first two nominal forms represent a distinct species and the last one may be conspecific with + +Cx. retrosus + +, but we believe it is prudent to retain them as synonyms of + +Cx. imitator + +for the time being. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA580A3AFF54F9F5FD4B593C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA580A3AFF54F9F5FD4B593C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a0d5eda0ccc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA580A3AFF54F9F5FD4B593C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culiseta +( +Culiseta +) +alaskaensis +(Ludlow) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +alaskaensis +( +Ludlow, 1906 +) + +—original combination: + +Theobaldia alaskaensis + +. Distribution: +Armenia +, +Austria +, +Belarus +, +Canada +, Crimean Peninsula, +Czech Republic +, +Denmark +, +Estonia +, +Finland +, +France +, +Georgia +, +Germany +, +Hungary +, +Iran +, +Ireland +, +Latvia +, +Lithuania +, +Moldova +, +Mongolia +, +Netherlands +, +Norway +, +Poland +, +Romania +, +Russia +, +Slovakia +, +Slovenia +, +Sweden +, +Switzerland +, +Turkey +, +Ukraine +, +United Kingdom +, +United States +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +indica +( +Edwards, 1920 +) + +—original combination: + +Theobaldia indica + +(subspecific status by +Maslov 1964 +). Distribution: +Armenia +, +Azerbaijan +, +Georgia +, +India +, +Kazakhstan +, +Kyrgyzstan +, +Pakistan +, +Russia +, +Tajikistan +, +Turkmenistan +, +Ukraine +, +Uzbekistan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Culiseta alaskaensis + +was described from +five females +and +one male +collected at Fort Egbert, Alaska ( +Ludlow 1906 +). According to published works, + +Cs. alaskaensis +sensu stricto + +is a Holarctic species. In the Nearctic Region, it is found in western North America from Colorado to Alaska and across +Canada +to Newfoundland. In the Palaearctic Region, it occurs in northern Europe southward to the northern slopes of the Alps and eastward to the far east of Siberia. Subspecies + +indica + +was originally described as a species based on specimens collected in the hilly and mountainous areas of +Haryana State +(Ambala) and +Himachal Pradesh State +(Bakloh and Dalhousie) in the far north of +India +( +Edwards 1920 +) and was reclassified as a subspecies of + +alaskaensis + +by +Maslov (1964) +. Both subspecies are recorded from localities in +Armenia +, Georgia, +Russia +and +Ukraine +. If the identifications are correct, it would appear that the distributions of the two forms overlap, indicating that they may occur in sympatry. However, those countries lie far north of the +type +locality of + +indica + +, which is located on the south side of the Himalaya Mountains, and they are thus likely to be based on misidentified specimens of the typical form. This agrees with the allopatric distributions of the two forms depicted by +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +: map, fig. 60). According to Maslov, individuals of the typical form are “Mostly forest mosquitoes found as frequently in the hills as in the plains” whereas individuals of + +indica + +“are mosquitoes of the plains in forest-free regions”. + +Wood +et al +. (1979) + +confirmed that the +type +form “is widely distributed in the boreal forest across northern Europe, the USSR, and northern +Canada +.” + + +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +) and + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974) distinguished the two subspecies as follows. + +Culiseta alaskaensis +sensu stricto + +is a dark mosquito, integument and scales dark brown or black; dark and pale scaling of tarsi and abdominal terga in strong contrast; wing entirely dark-scaled or with few pale scales on anterior veins, clusters of dark scales distinct; posterior half of abdominal terga entirely dark-scaled. In general, + +indica + +is a paler mosquito, integument light brown or ochreous brown, scutum covered with golden-yellowish scales; dark and pale scales of tarsi and abdominal terga not well contrasted; most veins of wing with scattered pale scales, clusters of dark scales indistinct; posterior half of abdominal terga with few scattered pale scales. +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +) is the only researcher to distinguish the male genitalia and larvae of the two forms. In the +type +form, 2 large setae on basal mesal lobe of gonocoxite bent in distal one-third; larva with seta 4-C (postclypeal) 3-branched, very rarely with 4 branches; head and siphon very dark, often almost black. In + +indica + +, 2 large setae of basal mesal lobe of gonocoxite bent just beyond mid-length; larval seta 4-C with 3–7 (usually 5 or 6) branches; head and siphon light brown, sometimes yellowish brown. + + +Qutubuddin (1952) +purportedly described and illustrated the larva of + +indica + +from +Pakistan +. Although he received comments on his manuscript from Peter Mattingly in London, there is no doubt the larva he described is that of an undescribed species of the subgenus + +Allotheobaldia +Brolemann, 1919 + +. The larva is very similar to the larva of + +Cs. longiareolata +( +Macquart, 1838 +) + +, the only currently recognized species of the subgenus, but it bears some distinct differences. The following characteristics place the larva in + +Allotheobaldia + +: Antenna short, seta 1-A weakly developed; siphon short and stout, not sclerotized at base, siphon index 1.5, pecten comprised of simple spines (one bifid spine is illustrated), setae 1a-S and 2a-S absent; saddle incomplete ventrally, covering dorsal half of segment X; seta 2-X multi-branched, seta 3-X double; ventral brush (seta 4-X) extended anteriorly on ventral midline of segment, with about 9 pairs of setae. The larva was described from exuviae associated with three reared females. Unlike larvae of + +alaskaensis + +, the exuviae examined by Qutubuddin were those of larvae collected “from foul-smelling water in an unused masonry well”. “Several adults were, later on, taken from the same place.” It seems that the adults were misidentified and Peter Mattingly, if he saw the illustrations, did not notice that the larva could not be the larva of + +indica + +, which does “not differ [substantially] from those of the nominate subspecies” ( + +Gutsevich +et al +. 1971 + +, 1974). The larva illustrated by +Qutubuddin (1952) +differs distinctly from the larva of + +Cs. longiareolata + +(based on the description of +Hopkins 1952 +) in having setae 5- and 6-C with multiple branches (single in + +longiareolata + +), 5-C more or less pectinate with branches arising from a short stout stem; dorsomentum shorter, less acute distally (a straight-sided triangle in + +longiareolata + +); some comb scales distinctly asymmetrical (spicules on one side) (evenly fringed in + +longiareolata + +); siphon shorter (index about +2 in + +longiareolata + +); pecten comprised of 5–7 spines born entirely on the siphon (pecten with 3 or 4 small spines proximal to the base of the siphon and about 9 on the siphon in + +longiareolata + +). In contrast, as described and illustrated by +Carpenter & LaCasse (1955) +, +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +), + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974), + +Wood +et al +. (1979) + +and + +Becker +et al. +(2020) + +, the larva of + +alaskaensis + +bears the following comparable traits: Setae 5- and 6-C fan-like with multiple aciculate branches; dorsomentum short, edges not exactly straight; comb scales elongate and evenly fringed; siphon longer, index 2.5–3.5; pecten comprised of numerous short spines on proximal 0.2 followed by a row of 16–18 filamentous spines extending to about distal 0.25 of the siphon. + + +Two nominal species, + +Theobaldia arctica +Edwards, 1920 + +and + +Culiseta siberiensis +Ludlow, 1920 + +, are currently recognized as synonyms of the nominotypical subspecies, and the nominal + +Theobaldia wassilievi +Shingarev, 1927 + +is a synonym of subspecies + +indica + +. + +Theobaldia arctica + +was described from a single male collected at Arkhangel (English for +Arkhangelsk +), located far north of +Moscow +on the Northern Dvina +River +where it empties into the White Sea, and + +Cs. siberiensis + +was described from +24 females +collected at three places, including Verkhne-Udinsk (former name of present-day Ulan-Ude), located southeast of +Lake +Baikal in south-central Siberia. The +type +localities of both nominal forms reside within the distribution of + +alaskaensis +sensu stricto + +( +Maslov 1967 +, +1989 +), and both have been listed as synonyms of the +type +form since +Edwards (1921d) +. In fact, when +Edwards (1920) +described + +arctica + +, he stated that “In coloration and genital structure this insect agrees almost entirely with + +T. alaskaensis +, Ludlow + +, and may in fact be the same.” + + + +Theobaldia wassilievi + +was recognized as a distinct species until +Martini (1930) +treated it as a variety of + +alaskaensis + +and +Stackelberg (1937) +later treated it as a subspecies. Contrary to +Knight & Stone (1977) +, +Harbach (2018) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +, + +wassilievi + +was placed in synonymy with + +indica + +(when it was still recognized as a species) by +Edwards (1932a) +, not by +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +). + +Theobaldia wassilievi + +was originally described as a species from Turkestan, a city in the Kazakh Desert in the southernmost region of +Kazakhstan +. Turkestan lies at the northern limit of the distribution of + +indica + +mapped by +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +). + +Theobaldia wassilievi + +should therefore remain a synonym of + +indica + +. + + +Based on the available morphological, ecological and distributional information, it seems prudent to recognize + +indica + +as a separate species: + + +Culiseta +( +Culiseta +) +indica +( +Edwards, 1920 +) + + +. + +Culiseta indica + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. Based on the wide distribution of + +Cx. alaskaensis + +, we think it is likely that molecular data will show it is a complex of species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5A0A3CFF54F970FAA55C0C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5A0A3CFF54F970FAA55C0C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..08b30f4d91f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5A0A3CFF54F970FAA55C0C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,865 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culiseta +( +Culicella +) +ochroptera +(Peus) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +amurensis +Maslov, 1964 + +—original combination: + +Culiseta silvestris amurensis + +(status as subspecies of + +ochroptera + +by +Berlov & Kuberskaya 2023 +). Distribution: Central Amur region, Ussuri Basin, Southern Maritime Province, Northeast +China +( +Maslov 1964 +); Primorye ( +Primorsky Krai +, far East Region), +Russia +( +Maslov 1964 +). + + +subspecies + +minnesotae +Barr, 1957 + +—original combination: + +Culiseta minnesotae + +(status as subspecies of + +ochroptera + +by +Berlov & Kuberskaya 2023 +). Distribution: +Canada +, +United States +( +Alaska +, continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +nipponica +La Casse & Yamaguti, 1950 + +—original combination: + +Culiseta +( +Culicella +) +nipponica + +(status as subspecies of + +ochroptera + +by +Berlov & Kuberskaya 2023 +). Distribution: +Japan +, +South Korea +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +ochroptera +( +Peus, 1935 +) + +—original combination: + +Theobaldia +( +Culicella +) +ochroptera + +. Distribution: +Belarus +, +Belgium +, +Czech Republic +, +Estonia +, +Finland +, +Germany +, +Hungary +, +Lithuania +, +Netherlands +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Poland +, +Romania +, +Russia +, +Slovakia +, +Sweden +, +Ukraine +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Soon after submission of this monograph for review, +Berlov & Kuberskaya (2023) +published a paper titled “Additions and corrections to the catalog of blood-sucking mosquitoes of the world ( +Insecta +: +Diptera +, +Culicidae +) by + +Wilkerson +et al. +(2021) + +” [verbatim translation from the Russian]. The authors inferred that + +Culiseta amurensis +Maslov, 1964 + +, + +Cs +. +minnesotae +Barr, 1957 + +, + +Cs +. +nipponica +LaCasse & +Yamaguti, 1950 + +and + +Cs +. +ochroptera +( +Peus, 1935 +) + +were incorrectly listed in the catalog as valid species. They pointed out that +Maslov (1964 +, +1967 +, +1989 +) classified them as subspecies of + +Cs. silvestris +Shingarev, 1928 + +. However, because + +Cs. silvestris + +has been treated as a doubtful species since +Dahl & White (1978) +listed it, without explanation, as a +nomen dubium +in a footnote to a table of European mosquito species, Berlov & Kuberskaya proposed that + +amurensis + +, + +minnesotae + +and + +nipponica + +should be recognized as subspecies of + +ochroptera + +, the oldest of the four nominal taxa. To gain a better understanding of this taxonomic conundrum, we examined +Maslov’s (1964) +treatment of + +Cs. silvestris + +. The reasoning behind his recognition of + +Cs. silvestris + +and its purported subspecies is revealed in the following passages (translated from the Russian). + + +… + +C. silvestris +Sching. + +‒ was described very unsuccessfully, too fragmentary and general, so much so that it was difficult to extract anything significant from the description ( +Shingarev, 1928 +). +Not +surprisingly, +Peus (1935) +later described the same species under the name + +C. ochroptera +Peus. It + +is under this name that he [Peus] now appears in the literature. Unfortunately, the +holotype +and +allotype +of + +C. silvestris + +have not been preserved, but in the year of description (1928) N. I. Shingarev [the author of + +silvestris + +] gave me +one male +, +one female +, and them as +paratypes +. Later from the +Moscow region +, in the area where + +C. silvestris + +was first found, I also managed to obtain larvae of this species. Thus, at present, it seems to me necessary in the revision of the Eurasian representatives of the subgenus + +Culicella + +to establish the following taxonomic divisions: the species name + +C. silvestris + +with three subspecies +1 + +C. silvestris silvestris +Sching. + +‒ Eastern Europe, the Urals, Western Siberia; + +C. silvestris ochroptera +Peus + +‒ Central Europe and the Baltics; + +C. silvestris amurensis +Masl. + +(subsp. n.) (Maslov, 1949, 1963) ‒ the extreme east of the species range ‒ Piamurye and Primorye. Below is a redescription of the species with a differential diagnosis of all subspecies and a description of + +C. silvestris amurensis + +, +subsp. n. + + +1 +It is possible that when analyzing more extensive European material, the first two forms [ + +silvestris +sensu stricto + +and + +ochroptera + +] will turn out to be one and the same subtype. + + +In +Japan +, another species was described (La Casse а. +Yamaguti, 1950 +), assigned by the authors to the subgenus + +Culicella + +, + +C. nipponica + +. Unfortunately, adult females and males of this species remain unknown; as for the larva of the 4th stage, then differentiating + +C. nipponica + +from + +C. silvestris amurensis + +n. is not possible (Maslov, 1963). It is probable that there are not two species here, even sub-indigenous, but one form, and then the Far Eastern + +C. silvestris amurensis + +n. would prove to be synonymous with Japanese + +C. nipponica + +, which would need to be considered as a subspecies, + +C. silvestris nipponica + +. However, at the present time, due to the lack of descriptions of the male and female already indicated, both forms have to be preserved. + + +Recently, another species of + +Culicella +‒ + + +C. minnesotae +Barr + +, was described in the +USA +( +Barr, 1957 +, 1959; Price, 1958). Among the mosquitoes I received from the +USA +( +Wisconsin +) from prof. R. Matheson, turned out to be +one male +matching the description ( +Barr, 1957 +), especially in the structure of the phallus. Comparison of American + +C. minnesotae + +with other representatives of the subgenus + +Culicella + +confirmed significant differences in all developmental stages from + +C. morsitans morsitans + +and + +C. morsitans dyari + +. However, an amazing similarity between + +C. minnesotae + +and + +C. silvestris + +mosquitoes was unexpectedly revealed: the most characteristic imaginal signs of one (spotted wing, the presence of not only basal but also apical bands on the abdominal tergites [terga], etc.) coincided with those of the other. Of particular interest was the similarity in the structure of the phallus [genitalia] of + +C. minnesotae + +and + +C. silvestris silvestris + +(Fig. 9, A, B). A comparison of the larval morphological structures also does not support the species independence of + +C. minnesotae +Barr. + +The same is shown by the details of pupal chaetotaxy (Maslov, 1963). Thus, + +C. minnesotae + +should not be considered as an independent species, but only as a subspecies ‒ + +C. silvestris minnesotae +Barr. + + + +Following the above, +Maslov (1964) +distinguished the females, males and fourth-instar larvae of subspecies + +amurensis + +, + +minnesotae + +, + +ochroptera + +and + +silvestris + +in separate keys, accompanied by descriptions of + +silvestris +sensu lato + +and the new subspecies + +amurensis + +. +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +) incorporated the keys into keys for distinguishing the females, males and fourth-instar larvae of all known species of + +Culiseta + +and provided descriptions for + +silvestris +sensu stricto + +and each of the four subspecies. + + +Because +Maslov (1964) +had examined +paratypes +and topotypic specimens of + +silvestris + +, and recognized + +ochroptera + +as the same species, we were inclined to consider + +ochroptera + +as a synonym of + +silvestris + +until we noticed that + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974) justified the retention of + +ochroptera + +: “A. V. +Maslov (1964) +considered + +C. ochroptera + +as a synonym of + +C. silvestris +Shingarev, 1928 + +, but to judge from Shingarev’s incomplete description, ‘it is certain that the two species are not identical’ (Shtakel’berg, 1937 [ +Stackelberg 1937 +]). The +holotype +of + +C. silvestris + +is lost and Maslov examined only +paratypes +. Because of the incomplete original description of + +C. silvestris + +, it seems advisable to retain the name + +C. ochroptera + +[translated from the Russian].” It is important to note here that +Stackelberg (1937) +treated + +ochroptera + +and + +silvestris + +as separate species (of + +Theobaldia +Neveu-Lemaire, 1902 + +) [the map in +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +: fig. 82) indicates they may have allopatric distributions], and distinguished them in a key for the identification of males. It seems likely that Dhal & White (1978) listed + +silvestris + +as a +nomen dubium +based on the explanatory note and recommendation proffered by + +Gutsevich +et al +. (1971 + +, 1974). Until the identity of + +silvestris + +is resolved, we concur with Dahl & White that it should remain a +nomen dubium +. + + + +Wood +et al +. (1979) + +provided a cogent summary of the +silvestris-ochroptera +conundrum and decided to continue to recognize + +minnesotae + +as a separate species “Until Russian workers concur in choosing between + +ochroptera + +and + +silvestris + +”. We agree with this rationale and reaffirm the specific rank of + +minnesotae + +established by + +Wood +et al +. (1979) + +, and accepted by later workers ( +e.g. +Darsie & Ward 1981 +, +2005 +; +Belton 1983 +; + +Harrison +et al +. 2016 + +): + + +Culiseta +( +Culicella +) +minnesotae +Barr, 1957 + + +. + +Culiseta minnesotae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Berlov & Kuberskaya (2023) +incorrectly asserted that +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +) had considered + +nipponica + +to be a subspecies of + +silvestris + +. All prior authors ( +Maslov (1964 +, +1967 +, +1989 +; + +Gutsevich +et al +. 1971 + +, 1974; + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +; + +Lu +et al +. 1997 + +) recognized + +nipponica + +as a distinct species. As there is no justification or precedence for treating + +nipponica + +as a subspecies, the specific rank of this nominal species must be retained: + + +Culiseta +( +Culicella +) +nipponica +La Casse & Yamaguti, 1950 + + +, as listed in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +We have not been able to find a source for the recognition of + +amurensis + +as a species; consequently, its listing as a species by +Harbach (2018) +was apparently in error; it should have been listed as a subspecies of + +ochroptera + +. +The error +was repeated in + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +. Although + +amurensis + +is recorded from the extreme northeast of +China +( +Knight & Stone 1977 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +), it is not treated or even mentioned by + +Lu +et al +. (1997) + +in their monograph on the culicine mosquitoes of +China +(however, they do recognize and describe + +Cs. nipponica + +). As noted above, +Maslov (1964) +thought it “probable” that + +amurensis + +was the same as + +nipponica + +, in which case the apparent morphological similarity of the two nominal forms may explain why Lu +et al +. only recognized the presence of + +nipponica + +in +China +. In agreement with +Maslov (1964) +, we also believe + +amurensis + +is likely to be synonymous with + +nipponica + +; hence, until proven otherwise, it is herewith consigned to synonymy: + + +amurensis +Maslov, 1964 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Culiseta +( +Culicella +) +ochroptera +( +Peus, 1935 +) + + +. The nominal subspecies + +amurensis + +, which is listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, must be removed from the list of valid species of + +Culiseta + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5A0A3EFF54FF38FF7D5C88.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5A0A3EFF54FF38FF7D5C88.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f68fae24f5c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5A0A3EFF54FF38FF7D5C88.xml @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +aurantapex +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +aurantapex +Edwards, 1914 + +—original combination: + +Culex aurantapex + +. Distribution: +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Kenya +, +Madagascar +, +Mozambique +, +South Africa +, +Zambia +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +), also +Zimbabwe +( +Jupp 1996 +). + + +subspecies + +ellinorae +Ovazza, Hamon & Neri, 1956 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +aurantapex +var. +ellinorae + +(although originally designated a variety, + +ellinorae + +is a replacement name for a recognized subspecies ( + +abyssinicus +van Someren, 1945 + +) and has been recognized as a subspecies of + +aurantapex + +since + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +). Distribution: +Ethiopia +( + +Ovazza +et al +. 1956 + +). + + +subspecies + +jinjaensis +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +aurantapex +var. +jinjaensis + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Uganda +, +Zambia +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Culex aurantapex + +was described from a single female collected in Nairobi, +Kenya +( +Edwards 1914 +), a black species with distinctive abdominal scaling—“segments 2–4 black-scaled (dorsally), with a few scattered orange scales; segments 5–8 almost entirely orange-scaled both above and below [terga and sterna].” +Edwards (1941) +described + +jinjaensis + +(as a variety) from a series of +seven males +and +seven females +from +Jinja +, +Uganda +and a male from +Kampala +(Mattingly 1956), characterized as being blacker than the +type +form with “the abdomen lacking the conspicuous orange tip; tergites 5–8 [terga V–VIII] in both sexes with apical lateral yellow patches, which tend to unite to form rather irregular lateral yellow stripes on distal half of abdomen.” +Jinja +is located on the shore of Lake Victoria in southern +Uganda +. Edwards stated that the male genitalia of + +jinjaensis + +differ “little if at all from those of the typical form”, the genitalia of which Edwards described from specimens collected in Nairobi. + + +Subspecies + +ellinorae + +, described by +van Someren (1945) +, under the preoccupied name of + +abyssinicus + +, from females collected at Sciasciamanna and Lake Awasa in present-day +Ethiopia +that differ “from the +type +form by having more extensive orange markings on the abdominal tergites [terga]”—“2 with narrow black lateral borders and 2 large triangular orange spots the bases of which usually meet on the apical border of the segment to form a narrow orange band; 3 sometimes like 2 and sometimes the same as 4 which is mainly orange with narrow black lateral borders and 2 small median black triangles; 5 orange with narrow black lateral borders; 6–8 all orange. The black markings have a few scattered orange scales. Sternites 6–8 [sterna VI–VIII] all orange; 5 black with a few scattered orange scales and a narrow orange apical band; remainder black with scattered orange scales.” + + + +Culex aurantapex + +is very poorly known morphologically and taxonomically. The larva of the +type +form and that of subspecies + +jinjaensis + +are both only known from a single exuviae from their +type +localities ( +Hopkins 1952 +). Hopkins did not describe or illustrate these larvae because he was unable to find any differences between the exuviae and the larva of + +Cx. annulioris + +(see above). The pupa was described by +Ingram & de Meillon (1927) +, which was apparently (not explicitly stated) identified from adults reared from larvae collected from a large swamp east of forest at Empangeni +KwaZulu-Natal +(as Zululand), +South Africa +. +Edwards (1941) +acknowledged the description but pointed out that “confirmation of the identity of this is desirable, but the paedotype pelt [exuviae] from Nairobi is similar in most respects.” Obviously, the immature stages of the nominal forms are essentially unknown. + + +It is unfortunate that the male genitalia of the nominal forms have not been fully described and illustrated, and the immature stages have not been unequivocally associated with the +type +form. Because the variation observed in adults is suggestive of a species complex, with respect for the intuitive interpretation of morphological observations of the authors of the nominal forms, we are compelled to regard them as separate species pending morphological and molecular confirmation: + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +ellinorae +Ovazza, Hamon & Neri, 1956 + + +and + + +Culex +( +Oculeomyia +) +jinjaensis +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Culex ellinorae + +and + +Cx +. +jinjaensis + +are both currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5C0A27FF54F9F5FD7A5C70.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5C0A27FF54F9F5FD7A5C70.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05058a24c8b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5C0A27FF54F9F5FD7A5C70.xml @@ -0,0 +1,372 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Eretmapodites wansoni +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +douceti +Adam & Hamon, 1959 + +—original combination: + +Eretmapodites oedipodius +[ +oedipodeios +] ssp. +douceti + +. Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Côte d’Ivoire +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +wansoni +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Eretmapodites oedipodius + +[ +oedipodeios +( +sic +)] + +ssp. +wansoni + +(specific status by +Hamon 1961 +). Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic +Republic of the +Congo +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Togo +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Prior to +Hamon (1961) +, the species known as + +Er. oedipodius +Edwards, 1912b + +consisted of six subspecies: The nominotypical subspecies, + +douceti +Adam & Hamon, 1959 + +, +marcelleae +Adam & Hamon, 1959 +(incorrectly spelled +marcellei +, emended by +White 1975 +), +parvipluma +Edwards, 1941 +, +stanleyi +Edwards, 1941 +and + +wansoni +Edwards, 1941 + +. +Hamon (1961) +synonymized +stanleyi +with + +oedipodius + +, raised +marcelleae +, +parvipluma +and + +wansoni + +to specific rank, and recognized + +douceti + +as a subspecies of + +wansoni + +, based mainly on characters of the genitalia and the ornamentation of the mid- and hindtarsi of males. He proffered the following taxonomic assessment (translated from the French). + + +The subspecies + +oedipodius + +, +parvipluma +, + +wansoni + +, +marcellae +[ +sic +] and + +douceti + +are very clearly distinguished from each other by the male genitalia and can be classified into two groups depending on whether the simple claw of the midleg is flattened ( + +oedipodius + +and +marcellae +) or not ( +parvipluma +, + +wansoni + +and + +douceti + +). The simultaneous presence of +marcellae +and + +oedipodius + +in the same region and the great differences that exist in the structure of the apical leaf of the proximal claspette make it necessary to treat them as distinct species. Although the ranges do not coincide (within the limits of our current knowledge), it also seems logical to treat +parvipluma +and + +wansoni + +as separate species, given the differences in the structure of the proximal claspette which, in +parvipluma +, bears in its apical part two long fine setae and a spiculate leaf while, in + +wansoni + +, this claspette has half a dozen long fine setae and ribbed leaves with unspiculate edges. The status of + +douceti + +is less clear and we propose to maintain it as a subspecies of + +wansoni + +, given the affinities found both in the structure of the male genitalia and the claw of the midleg and in the ornamentation of the posterior tarsus [hindtarsus]. It seems that + +wansoni + +is confined to the lower Guinean forest district and + +douceti + +exists only in the upper Guinean savannah district, but there are still very large gaps in collecting in these areas. + + +Subspecies + +douceti + +was described from +three males +, two reared from larvae collected from water held in a fallen leaf in the Nasso forest of present-day +Burkina Faso +and one captured while flying in undergrowth of oil palms at Katiola, +Ivory Coast +( +Adams & Hamon 1959 +). In addition to those specimens, +Hamon (1961) +also examined a male from +Togo +, which only differed from the +type +specimens of + +douceti + +in the apical leaf of the proximal claspette being bifid at the apex. + + +Adam & Hamon (1959) +described the male of + +douceti + +as follows (translated from the French). + + +The posterior tarsus [hindtarsus] is similar to that of + +Eretmapodites oedipodius wansoni +Edwards + +: the 3rd tarsomere bears neither erect scales nor long setae; the 4th and 5th tarsomeres are enlarged and pinnate, each forming a pronounced angle with the preceding tarsomere. + +The 5th tarsomere of the midleg does not bear an abnormally enlarged claw (fig. 3 B). + +The male genitalia (fig. 2) are characterized by the proximal claspette which is short, quite thick in its basal 2/3, then sharply narrows and bears half a dozen setae at the point of narrowing, but none are inserted close to the leaf as in + +E. oe. +wansoni + +; the terminal leaf is quite broad, tapering at its apex and barbed laterally. The distal claspette is long, curved, with a rounded apex bearing a long lateral seta, six small joined leaves thinning into a filament at their end and 12 to 14 strong setae curved in the form of a hook. + + +Based on these differences, and the fact that + +douceti + +is known only from localities in savannah, as opposed to + +wansoni + +being known only from forest sites, it is surprising that Haman (1961) preferred to recognize + +douceti + +as a subspecies of + +wansoni + +. We believe that when the larval and pupal stages of + +wansoni + +are known and compared with those of + +douceti + +, and molecular data become available for both forms, it will be apparent that + +douceti + +and + +wansoni + +are separate species. Until proven otherwise, we hereby formally elevate + +douceti + +to species rank: + + +Eretmapodites douceti +Adam & Hamon, 1959 + + +. + +Eretmapodites douceti + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, however the date of authorship needs to be corrected from 1958 to 1959. The issue of the journal (no. 4) intended for publication in 1958 was not published until 1959. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..384bc799a51 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5D0A38FF54FEC1FE1A5C0C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,459 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Eretmapodites silvestris +Ingram & de Meillon + + + + + + + +subspecies + +conchobius +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Eretmapodites silvestris +ssp. +conchobius + +. Distribution: +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Nigeria +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, excluding +South Sudan +and +Sudan +). + + +subspecies + +silvestris +Ingram & de Meillon, 1927 + +—original combination: + +Eretmapodites plioleucus + +. Distribution: +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of South Africa +, +South Sudan +, +Tanzania +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, excluding +Sudan +). + + + + + +Eretmapodites + +has never been the subject of a thorough revisionary study. The genus currently includes 49 formally recognized species ( +Harbach 2022b +), many of which are poorly known ( +Service 1990 +). The species treated here, and the one that follows, are the only two species of the genus for which subspecies are recognized. + + +All species of the genus are characterized principally on diagnostic features of the male genitalia. The females are known for 24 species, larvae for 19 species and pupae for 17 species ( +Service 1990 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). The majority of species are incompletely described and some known life stages have not been illustrated, or only partially. + + + +Eretmapodites silvestris + +is a member of the Plioleucus Group ( +Rickenbach & Eouzan 1970 +), which includes six other species: +brevis +Edwards, 1941 +, +ferrarai +Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970 +, +germaini +Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970 +, +lacani +Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970 +, +ravissei +Rickenbach & Eouzan, 1970 +and + +tendeiroi + + +da +Cunha +Ramos, Ribeiro & de Barros Machado, 1992 + +. By odd coincidence, + +silvestris +sensu stricto + +and subspecies + +conchobius + +are the only forms of the group for which the male, female, larva and pupa are known. Only the male is known for the other species, with the exception that the female of + +Er. tendeiroi + +is also known ( +Service 1990 +; + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + +Although the male, female, larva and pupa are known for + +silvestris +sensu stricto + +and subspecies + +conchobius + +, they are incompletely described and illustrated. +Ingram & de Meillon (1927) +described the female, larva and pupa of + +silvestris + +based on specimens reared from larvae taken from leaf axils of a succulent shrub of the genus + +Dracaena +Linnaeus + +while conducting surveys at Eshowe in present-day +KwaZulu-Natal Province +of +South Africa +. In contrast to + +silvestris +, +Edwards (1941) + +described + +conchobius + +based on specimens from the coastal area of +Kenya +:A male from +Malindi +and “specimens from Simba Hills and Tiwi (near +Mombasa +)… reared from larvae found in snail-shells in forest, this being a notably different habitat from that of the +type +form”. Edwards characterized + +conchobius + +as differing from + +silvestris +sensu stricto + +as follows: “Integument of thorax clearer yellow, no darkening even in middle of pleurae beneath the silvery stripe. Median line of yellow scales on scutum either entirely lacking or represented by a short stripe in front of scutellum and a narrow line extending a short distance only from front margin; scales covering most of scutum brownish rather than black and less irregularly distributed. Hind femur with the anteroventral yellow area less extensive, reaching little if at all beyond middle of femur instead of about ¾ of its length.” + + +A decade later, +Hoogstraal & Knight (1951) +described specimens they identified as + +conchobius + +that were reared from larvae found in the leaf axils of + +Sansevieria nilotica +Baker + +growing in the vicinity of Torit, a city in present-day +South Sudan +. They described the adult as being “intermediate between the typical species, + +silvestris +Ingram and de Meillon + +, and + +conchobius + +as described by Edwards (7) [ +Edwards 1941 +, number +7 in +the list of References] in that it possesses the medial transverse dark brown pleural (integumental) stripe of the former, and the scutal and hind femoral coloration of the latter. The male genitalia are as in the typical form (7, fig. 73c). The Torit specimens go to the subspecies + +conchobius + +in Haddow’s keys (10) [ +Haddow 1946 +], and in van Someren’s (11) [ +van Someren 1949 +] more recent keys.” + + +Hoogstraal & Knight illustrated the head, thorax and terminal abdominal segments of the presumed larva of + +conchobius + +. +Ingram & de Meillon (1927) +described but did not illustrate the head and thorax of the +type +specimen of + +silvestris + +, making it difficult to draw comparisons with the description provided by Hoogstraal & Knight. From the poor illustrations of the dorsomentum and siphon provided by Ingram & de Meillon, the only clear-cut difference is the length of the siphon, which is “about as broad as it is long” compared to having an index of “1.7–2.0” in specimens examined by Hoogstraal & Knight. +Hopkins (1952) +reconstructed and illustrated the terminal abdominal segments of the larval exuviae of the +type +specimen, and noted: “Siphon crushed… (index 1, perhaps about 1½ before crushing)”. In a footnote that followed the brief description of the larva of + +silvestris + +provided by Hopkins, P. F. Mattingly made the following observations. + + +A pelt [exuviae] of + +ssp. +conchobius + +from +Taveta +, +Kenya +, has been sent me by Mrs. E. C. C. van Someren, and Knight and Hoogstraal have a description of further larvae of this sub-species, from Torit, +Sudan +, in the press ( +Amer. J. Trop. Med. +). I am indebted to Lt.-Cdr. Knight for permission to quote from their MS. The +Kenya +pelt differs from the only available pelt of the +type +form in the shape of the comb spines which resemble Haddow’s +type +16 of + +chrysogaster + +(Fig. 133). The figure of + +silvestris + +(Fig. 134) is misleading in this respect since it shows the basal denticles more strongly developed than in fact they are. The +Kenya +pelt also differs from that of the +type +form in having more strongly developed secondary denticles on the pecten spines and in having the subventral tuft [seta 1-S] of the siphon trifid instead of bifid. The comb spines of +the Sudan +form appear to resemble those of the +Kenya +form fairly closely though with a higher proportion having the median denticle relatively exaggerated. It is not thought that this difference is significant. The pecten spines, as figured, are much simpler than in the +Kenya +pelt in which they have very numerous secondary denticles both dorsally and ventrally. The subventral seta [1-S] of the siphon is shown as trifid.―P. F. M. + + +A comparison of the illustration provided by Hopkins with the one provided by Hoogstraal & Knight reveals the following additional differences, which were not noted by Mattingly. In the +type +of + +silvestris + +: Seta 1-VIII long and single (short and multi-branched in “ + +conchobius + +”); seta 5-VIII branched at midlength (single in “ + +conchobius + +”); saddle of segment X large, covering about dorsal half of the segment (small, covering about dorsal third of the segment in “ + +conchobius + +”); anterior seta 4a-X (of ventral brush) long, double (very short, triple in “ + +conchobius + +”); seta 4c-X double, shorter than 4b,d-X (single, probably as long as 4b,d-X in “ + +conchobius + +”); anal papillae distinctly longer than segment X (about as long as segment X in “ + +conchobius + +”). + + +Edwards (1941) +illustrated the male genitalia of + +silvestris + +, and provided the following brief description: “Coxite [gonocoxite] with thumb-like basal lobe bearing a few long hairs [setae]; apical lobe unmodified, but bearing three distally-flattened hairs; no scale-tufts. Style [gonostylus] [strongly bent] with one long hair and two short ones, no scales. Proximal claspette bearing a few long simple hairs; distal claspette stout and moderately long, bearing two bent [strongly sigmoid] hairs at its tip and a few simple ones.” Curiously, +Jupp’s (1996) +illustration of the male genitalia of + +silvestris + +from +South Africa +differs from Edwards’s illustration as follows: Thumb-like lobe of the gonocoxite with four relatively shorter setae; apical lobe without flattened setae; gonostylus only very slightly bent, with four long setae; distal claspette with two relatively smaller wavy setae at the tip. + + +Edwards (1941) +stated that the male genitalia of + +conchobius +( +Kenya +) + +were “exactly as in typical + +silvestris + +”, and +Hoogstraal & Knight (1951) +also stated that the male genitalia of “ + +conchobius + +” in +South Sudan +“are as in the typical form”. In view of the differences between the illustrations of Edwards and +Jupp (1996) +noted above, we suspect the statements of those authors are based on superficial resemblance. + + +Despite the lack of detailed, comparative anatomical data for all life stages, we believe the morphological and ecological (larval habitat) differences noted above are indicators of a species complex, consisting of at least three or four species, one of which is + +conchobius + +. For this reason, we are compelled hereby to elevate + +conchobius + +to species rank: + + +Eretmapodites conchobius +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Eretmapodites conchobius + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5E0A39FF54FC25FDB85B18.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5E0A39FF54FC25FDB85B18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f177ef7dd06 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA5E0A39FF54FC25FDB85B18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,264 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culiseta +( +Neotheobaldia +) +frenchii +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +atritarsalis +( +Dobrotworsky, 1954 +) + +—original combination: + +Theobaldia frenchi +[ +sic +] +atritarsalis + +. Distribution: +Australia +( +Victoria +) ( + +Lee +et al +. 1988a + +). + + +subspecies + +frenchii +( +Theobald, 1901c +) + +—original combination: + +Culex frenchii + +. Distribution: +Australia +(South Gippsland, +Victoria +) ( + +Lee +et al +. 1988a + +). + + + + +It is surprising that + +Cs. frenchii + +has received comparatively little taxonomic attention. According to +Dobrotworsky (1965) +and + +Lee +et al +. (1988a) + +, this species is only known with certainty from +Victoria State +of +Australia +—the Eastern Highlands (Great Dividing Range or Great Divide) and Gippsland (a region in the southeast), with the northwestern limit of its distribution being roughly defined by the isohyet of +100 cm +of annual rainfall. Ironically, subspecies + +atritarsalis + +is only known from the highlands of South Gippsland ( + +Lee +et al +. 1988a + +), a region of rolling hills extending from Latrobe Valley in the north to the southernmost point of +Victoria State +. Larvae of the +type +form are found in the tunnels of terrestrial crayfish. In the absence of specific information, larvae of subspecies + +atritarsalis + +presumably occupy the same habitat ( + +Lee +et al +. 1988a + +). + + +When +Dobrotworsky (1954) +described subspecies + +atritarsalis + +, he stated that the male genitalia, pupa, larva and eggs are identical with those of the +type +form. This was reiterated by +Dobrotworsky (1965) +, and +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +) also noted that “The distribution and ecology of these two subspecies are identical.” In his original description of + +frenchii + +, based on adult females, +Theobald (1901c) +provided illustrations of the head and wing. +Edwards (1926a) +described the male, but did so without illustrations. The male genitalia were later illustrated by +Dobrotworsky (1954 +, +1965 +) and +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +), and the head and terminal abdominal segments of the larva were illustrated by +Dobrotworsky (1965) +. The descriptions associated with the illustrations indicate the male genitalia and larvae were not studied in detail and were only superficially examined. None of the life stages of subspecies + +atritarsalis + +have been illustrated, and the immature stages have not been fully described for either subspecies. + + +Dobrotworsky (1954) +briefly described the adults of subspecies + +atritarsalis + +as follows: “This subspecies is clearly distinguished from the +type +by its general darker colour; the thorax is brown, the proboscis, the palps [maxillary palpi] and the legs are clothed with almost black scales; the legs also are dark apically [in the +type +form “the last three segments of the tarsi are pale”]. The male palpi are even more hairy than those of the +type +, and the shaft apically has about thirty long hairs.” +Maslov (1967 +, +1989 +) more succinctly stated that the “two subspecies differ in the following way: in the former [ +type +form], the first 3 distal tarsal segments of all legs are completely light while, in the later [ + +atritarsalis + +], the tarsi are entirely dark.” In the absence of detailed comparative anatomical data for all life stages of the two nominal forms, the entirely dark-scaled tarsi of + +atritarsalis + +, as opposed to the pale-scaled distal three tarsomeres of the +type +form, is sufficiently diagnostic to warrant recognition of the two forms as distinct, separate, seemingly sympatric species. Consequently, + +atritarsalis + +is hereby formally elevated to the rank of species: + + +Culiseta +( +Neotheobaldia +) +atritarsalis +( +Dobrotworsky, 1954 +) + + +. + +Culiseta atritarsalis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA600A03FF54F9C6FC4C5C0C.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA600A03FF54F9C6FC4C5C0C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1cb9e71fc76 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA600A03FF54F9C6FC4C5C0C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,338 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +grahamii +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +farakoensis +Hamon, 1955 + +—original combination: + +Culex grahami +[ +sic +] var. +farakoensis + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: Southern Mali (Hamon 1955). + + +subspecies + +grahamii +Theobald, 1910 + +—original combination: + +Culex grahamii + +[ +nomen novum +for + +Culex pullatus +Graham, 1910 + +]. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Madagascar +, +Mali +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Senegal +, +Sudan +and +South +Sudan, +The Gambia +, +Togo +, +Uganda +( +Knight & Stone 1977 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Graham (1910) +described the male and female of this species (as + +Cx. pullatus + +) from specimens collected in the vicinity of +Lagos +, +Nigeria +( + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; Townson 1990). The larva was described by +Wesché (1910) +, as + +Cx. pullatus + +, from specimens collected around +Lagos +, described by +Macfie & Ingram (1923) +from specimens collected in the vicinity of Accra, +Ghana +(as +Gold Coast +) and by +Hopkins (1936 +, +1952 +) from undisclosed localities, except for reference to specimens described by Macfie & Ingram. Hamon (1955) described + +farakoensis + +from specimens collected “aux cascades de Farako, Cercle et Subdivision de Sikasso, +Soudan Français +” (at Farako waterfalls, Sikasso Cercle and Subdivision, +French Sudan += +Mali +). Farako Waterfalls are located about +30 km +east of Sikasso in Sikasso Cercle, which is one of seven administrative subdivisions of the Sikasso Region of southern +Mali +. Based on this, the +type +locality of + +farakoensis + +that is listed as “Farako, Sikasso, +French Sudan +” in the catalogs of + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +, +Knight & Stone (1977) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +must be corrected to Farako Waterfalls, Sikasso Cercle, +Mali +(formerly +French Sudan +). The listing of +Nigeria +in the distribution given by + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +appears to be in error. + + +Hamon (1955) provided a brief description of + +farakoensis + +, stating that the adults are “almost identical to the typical form and probably not separable with certainty. +Male +terminalia [genitalia] do not show any difference…” and the “general morphology [of the larva] is that of + +Cx. grahami + +[ +sic +] except for the eighth abdominal segment…” (translated from the French). Hamon recorded the following distinctions: Comb with 13–19 spine-like scales, siphon index 7.9–10.4, pecten with 6–9 simple spines, seta 1-S with about 16 setae (this is misleading as the illustration provided includes a ventral row of 12 setae beyond the pecten and a lateral row of 5 setae on the distal half of the siphon) with 2–4 branches and the 8 proximal setae at least as long as the diameter of the siphon; anal papillae 2.5–4.0 times as long as the saddle. Hamon stated that the dorsal pair of anal papillae were usually longer than the ventral pair, but the illustration shows the ventral pair are longer than the dorsal pair. In the typical form, these morphological traits, based on the descriptions of +Wesché (1910) +, +Macfie & Ingram (1923) +and +Hopkins (1936 +, +1952 +), are characterized as follows: Comb with 14–25 spine-like scales, siphon index 12–15, pecten also with 6–9 simple spines, seta 1-S with about 4 setae (6 are illustrated by Hopkins), minute, with 1–3 branches, one seta inserted within the pecten; anal papillae slightly longer than the saddle, usually equally long or dorsal pair slightly longer. Thus, only three of these characters are distinctive for + +farakoensis + +, +i.e. +the significantly shorter siphon, the more numerous and longer siphonal setae all borne distal to the pecten and the greater length of the anal papillae. However, the comb scales illustrated for + +farakoensis + +appear to differ from those illustrated for the typical form. The lateral spicules progressively increase in length to the sides of the median apical spine in + +farakoensis + +whereas in the typical form they comprise lateral fringes of equal length borne proximal to a stronger apical spine. + + +Hamon (1955) concluded the description of + +farakoensis + +with the following observation: “This species [ + +farakoensis + +] was already known from various places of the A. O. F. [Afrique-Occidentale française (French West Africa)], but the only locality having given us larvae identical to the description of Hopkins is Danané (Forest Zone of lower +Côte d’Ivoire +). All the larvae collected in the savannah zone: Agba-titoé ( +Togo +), +Thiès +( +Senegal +), Bobo Dioulasso ( +Upper Volta +) [ +Burkina Faso +] and in various sites of Casamance [ +Senegal +] have in fact the color and chaetotaxy of the typical form but their siphon indexes rarely exceed 11 [translated from the French].” This indicates that the siphon index of + +farakoensis + +may be slightly greater than noted in the description, but it is still smaller than that of the typical form. This observation, the morphological distinctions noted above and the apparently close association with savannah strongly suggest that + +farakoensis + +is likely to be genetically distinct from + +Cx. grahamii +sensu stricto + +; accordingly, this nominal form is formally elevated to species status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +farakoensis +Hamon, 1955 + + +. + +Culex farakoensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, however the date of authorship for the former species needs to be corrected from 1954 to 1955. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA600A04FF54FD1DFA085C12.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA600A04FF54FD1DFA085C12.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa1e610cef9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA600A04FF54FD1DFA085C12.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +comorensis +Brunhes + + + + + + + +subspecies + +comorensis +Brunhes, 1977 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +comorensis + +. Distribution: +Anjouan +and +Mohéli +Islands, +Union of the Comoros +and Ankaratra Massif, +Madagascar +( +Brunhes 1977 +). + + +subspecies + +kartalae +Brunhes, 1977 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +comorensis +ssp. +kartalae + +. Distribution: +Grande +Comore +[ +Union of the Comoros +], +Mayotte +[overseas department of +France +] ( +Brunhes 1977 +). + + + + + +Culex comorensis + +was described and named from specimens discovered on +Anjouan Island +, an autonomous high island that forms part of the +Union of the Comoros +. +Brunhes (1977) +indicated that it was also found on +Mohéli Island +and the Ankaratra Massif of +Madagascar +. Subspecies + +kartalae + +was briefly described and named in the same publication from specimens collected on Grande Comore Island. Brunhes pointed out morphological “peculiarities” of the male genitalia and larvae that distinguish the two forms. In the typical form, the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite bears a few minute setae at the bases of setae +a-f +; in the larva, head seta 13-C is long (0.6 mm), seta 1-S of the siphon usually has 4 pairs of setae on the posterior margin, the pecten consists of 10–14 spines (mean 11.2), and the dorsal and ventral anal papillae are equal in length. In subspecies + +kartalae + +, the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite bears a dense cluster of minute setae at the bases of setae +a-f +; the larva differs in having a short seta 13-C (0.2–0.3 mm), the siphon usually has 5 pairs of seta 1-S on the posterior margin, the pecten consists of 4–10 spines (mean 7.2) and the dorsal pair of anal papillae are longer than the ventral pair. The author, however, overlooked some additional important differences of the male genitalia. Subspecies + +kartalae + +differs from the typical form as follows: The ventral arms of the phallosome are longer and more slender, the dorsal arms are more distinctly minutely toothed and more sharply pointed, setae +a +, +b +, +c +and +h +of the subapical lobe are distinctly longer than seta +g +, setae +a +and +b +are stouter and more distinctly hooked apically and the insertion of seta +c +is borne mesad of setae +a +and +b +whereas it is inserted distal to these two setae in the typical form. The complexity of morphological distinctions and the geographical isolation are a clear indication that + +kartalae + +is a distinct species; thus, this form is hereby afforded specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +kartalae +Brunhes, 1977 + + +. + +Culex kartalae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f4102b3017 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA610A04FF54FA90FCFA5864.xml @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +argenteopunctatus +(Ventrillon) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +argenteopunctatus +( +Ventrillon, 1905 +) + +—original combination: + +Heptaphlebomyia argenteopunctata + +. Distribution: Only known with certainty from +Madagascar +(see below). + + +subspecies + +kingii +( +Theobald, 1913c +) + +—original combination: + +Heptaphlebomyia kingii + +(subspecific status by +Edwards 1941 +). Distribution: +Angola +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Namibia +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Senegal +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). These and the following countries listed for + +argenteopunctatus +sensu stricto + +by + +Wilkerson +et al +. + +(2021) most likely also pertain to + +kingii + +: +Benin +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Mali +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +and +Togo +. + + + + + +Culex argenteopunctatus + +was described and named based on specimens (adult male and female) collected in the environs of +Antananarivo +, formerly Tananarive, +Madagascar +. Subspecies + +kingii + +was originally described as a species distinct from + +Cx. argenteopunctatus + +based on +two females +, one collected at Nyumbe and the other at Alenga in the former Lado District (current Dokolo State) of present-day +South Sudan +. +Theobald (1913c) +stated that + +kingii + +“can be distinguished from the allied + +H. argenteopunctata +, Ventrillon + +, by the abdomen having only small basal lateral spots and not ornamented as in Ventrillon’s species from +Madagascar +; the antennae are also black in the +♀ +, not yellowish, and the thoracic adornment differs.” Additionally, +Edwards (1941) +noted that + +kingii + +differs from the typical form in having broad and flat postspiracular scales as on other areas of the thoracic pleura, mesokatepisternal scales more numerous with the upper patch large and extending over the prealar area, and the hindfemur “white all round on basal fourth or more.” In his study of the adult, larval and pupal stages of + +Cx. argenteopunctatus + +in +Madagascar +(the larva and pupa of the typical form were not previously known), +Brunhes (1967) +pointed out morphological characters specific to the typical form as follows: “The most important of these distinctive characters seem to us to be in the larva; the comb of segment VIII formed by scales [not spine-like] and the spines [seta 2-S] of the dorsal valves of the siphon which do not have a plane of symmetry [elongate and not identical]; in adults, the narrow and curved postspiracular scales, the sternopleural [mesokatepisternal] spot of white scales which does not reach the prealar area, the two patches of pale scales on the nape of the neck [occiput] and the male terminalia [genitalia] which are different from those drawn by Edwards from a male of subspecies +kingi +[translated from the French].” Despite “these morphological peculiarities, allied to a geographical isolation”, Brunhes elected to maintain the typical form as a subspecies. On the contrary, in view of the morphological distinctions, as well as other differences in the adults, larva and pupa of the typical form noted by Brunhes, and its geographical isolation, we conclude, in agreement with +Theobald (1913c) +, that + +kingii + +is not conspecific with the Madagascan species. Thus, the continental form is hereby formally returned to its original specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +kingii +( +Theobald, 1913c +) + + +. + +Culex kingii + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA610A05FF54FF38FD345EEB.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA610A05FF54FF38FD345EEB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c69ebb288c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA610A05FF54FF38FD345EEB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,337 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +annulirostris +Skuse + + + + + + + +subspecies + +annulirostris +Skuse, 1889 + +—original combination: + +Culex annulirostris + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Bismarck Archipelago +, Cook Island, Easter Island, +Fiji +, +French Polynesia +, +Guam +, +Indonesia +, +Kiribati +, +Nauru +, +New Caledonia +, +Palau +, +Papua New +Guinea, +Philippines +, +Samoa +, +Solomon Islands +, Tahiti, Timor, +Tonga +, +Tuvalu +, +Vanuatu +, +Wake Island +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, except +Mariana Islands +). + + +subspecies + +marianae +Bohart & Ingram, 1946b + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +annulirostris marianae + +. Distribution: +Mariana Islands +( +Bohart & Ingram 1946b +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies is widely distributed in the Australasian Region and occurs in eastern islands of +Indonesia +( +Maluku Islands +and Timor) and northward into the +Philippines +. As indicated by +Bohart (1957) +, “The typical subspecies is replaced in the +Mariana Islands +by subspecies + +marianae + +”, which he recorded from Aguiguan, Anatahan, Pagan, +Saipan +and +Tinian +Islands in the contemporary +Northern Mariana Islands +and from +Guam +, the southernmost of the +Mariana Islands +( +Bohart & Ingram 1946b +; +Yamaguti & LaCasse 1950 +; +Bohart 1957 +). The adults of subspecies + +marianae + +differ from those of the typical subspecies mainly in having a narrow line of pale scales on the caudal margins of abdominal terga II–IV and sometimes also on terga V–VII or VIII. Larvae usually have blunter dorsomental teeth and shorter anal papillae, normally shorter than the saddle ( +Yamaguti & LaCasse 1950 +; +Bohart 1957 +). Based on these seemingly consistent differences and the great distances between the +Mariana Islands +and islands that harbour populations of the typical form, and because evidence suggests that + +Cx. annulirostris + +is a complex of species ( + +Lee +et al +. 1989a + +), it seems likely that + +marianae + +is genetically distinct and should therefore be afforded specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +marianae +Bohart & Ingram, 1946b + + +. + +Culex marianae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Five nominal species are recognized as junior synonyms of + +Cx. annulirostris + +: + +Cx. jepsoni +Bahr, 1912 + +( +type +locality: +Fiji Islands +), + +Cx. somerseti +Taylor, 1912 + +( +type +locality: Somerset, +Queensland +, +Australia +), + +Culicelsa consimilis +Taylor, 1913 + +( +type +locality: Ayr, +Queensland +, +Australia +), + +Culicelsa simplex +Taylor, 1914 + +( +type +locality: Townsville, +Queensland +, +Australia +) and + +Cx. palmi +Baisas, 1938 + +( +type +locality: +Parañaque +, now officially +Pasay +, +Rizal Province +, Luzon, +Philippines +). The +type +locality of + +Cx. annulirostris + +is located in the Blue Mountains of +New South Wales +, +Australia +. As it is probable that + +Cx. annulirostris + +is a complex of species ( + +Lee +et al. +1989a + +), it is possible that the five nominal forms may represent at least three separate species: One in the +Fiji Islands +( + +Cx. jepsoni + +), one in the +Philippines +( + +Cx. palmi + +) and a third species in Queensland ( + +Cx. somerseti + +, + +Culicelsa consimilis + +and + +Culicelsa simplex + +). For the time being, however, these nominal forms are retained as synonyms of + +Cx. annulirostris + +pending further consideration of their taxonomic status. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA620A06FF54FB29FC685DE4.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA620A06FF54FB29FC685DE4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2d39d23b2f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA620A06FF54FB29FC685DE4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,247 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +andersoni +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +abyssinicus +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +andersoni +ssp. +abyssinicus + +. Distribution: +Ethiopia +( +Edwards 1941 +). + + +subspecies + +andersoni +Edwards, 1914 + +—original combination: + +Culex andersoni + +. Distribution: +Comoros +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Eritrea +, +Kenya +, +Malawi +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Rwanda +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +bwambanus +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +andersoni +ssp. +bwambanus + +. Distribution: +Lesotho +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Edwards (1914) +described + +Culex andersoni + +from specimens collected at Kabete, located outside the borders of Nairobi in the Central Province of +Kenya +, based principally on features of the male habitus and male genitalia. + + +Subspecies + +abyssinicus + +is only known from +Ethiopia +, and according to +Edwards (1941) +the adult is ornamented differently than the typical form but the male genitalia are essentially the same. Because the treatment of the genitalia is rather superficial, it is likely that some differences might be evident upon closer examination. Based on differences in ornamentation and allopatry, + +abyssinicus + +is hereby considered a separate species: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +abyssinicus +Edwards, 1941 + + +. This species should be added to the species of + +Culex + +listed in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Subspecies + +bwambanus + +and the nominotypical form are both reported from +Uganda +, and Edward (1941) indicated that they both occur in the +Ruwenzori Mountains. However, Edwards +described + +bwambanus + +from a Ruwenzori location while recognizing the presence of the typical form elsewhere in the same mountains. Although the +Ruwenzori Mountains +appear to be the only place where the two forms may be in sympatry, Edwards described + +bwambanus + +as a new subspecies because of differences in the pale scaling of the hindfemur of the adults, and nearly “hairless” maxillary palpi (“may be rubbed in the +type +”), gonocoxite with a more prominent subapical lobe and a narrower gonostylus in the male. Since the available evidence indicates that + +bwambanus + +is morphological distinct in the absence of clinal variation, it is hereby afforded species status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +bwambanus +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Culex bwambanus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA640A00FF54FF38FA9B5D02.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA640A00FF54FF38FA9B5D02.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ca44c8d4105 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA640A00FF54FF38FA9B5D02.xml @@ -0,0 +1,480 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +pipiens +Linnaeus + + + + + + + +subspecies + +pallens +Coquillett, 1898 + +—original combination: + +Culex pallens + +(subspecific status by +Tanaka 2004 +). Distribution: +China +, +Japan +, +Mexico +, +South Korea +, +United States +(continental) ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +pipiens +Linnaeus, 1758 + +—original combination: + +Culex pipiens + +. Distribution: Temperate regions of Africa, Asia, +Australia +, Europe and North and South America (for specific country records, see + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Without question, the taxonomic status of + +Cx. pipiens + +and its allied forms has received more attention than any other culicine taxon. As pointed out in a review of the taxonomic history of the species ( +Harbach 2012 +), the essence of decades of work conducted on + +Cx. pipiens + +was to determine whether it is a single polytypic species or a species complex. As a starting point, +Edwards (1932a) +listed + +Cx. pipiens + +and its sister species + +Cx. quinquefasciatus +Say, 1823 + +(as + +Cx. fatigans +Wiedemann, 1828 + +) as separate species, and + +Cx. pallens + +as a variety of the former. In a review of the systematics of these nominal species, and taking into consideration evidence of hybridization in areas where the distributions of + +Cx. pipiens + +and + +Cx. quinquefasciatus + +overlap, + +Mattingly +et al +. (1951) + +and +Mattingly (1967) +concluded that they should be considered members of a single polymorphic species comprised of subspecies + +pipiens + +and + +quinquefasciatus + +and several varieties, with + +pallens + +being one of them. Beginning with +Belkin (1962) +, the recognition of + +Cx. quinquefasciatus + +as a separate species gradually gained acceptance, resulting in the current recognition of + +Cx. pipiens + +and + +Cx. quinquefasciatus + +as closely related sister species and + +pallens + +as a subspecies of the former species ( +Smith & Fonseca 2004 +; +Harbach 2012 +; + +Fonseca +et al +. 2009 + +; + +Aardema +et al +. 2020 + +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + +Culex pipiens pallens + +has been regarded as a subspecies since the studies of Japanese mosquitoes by + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +and +Tanaka (2004) +. Since then, genetic and molecular studies have shed light on the status of + +pallens + +in eastern Asia. A multilocus genotype analysis conducted by + +Fonseca +et al +. (2009) + +revealed the occurrence of hybridization between + +Cx. p. +pallens + +and + +Cx. quinquefasciatus + +in +China +, +South Korea +and southern +Japan +, but not in northern +Japan +. However, + +Ohashi +et al +. (2014) + +found that + +Cx. p. +pallens + +and + +Cx. pipiens + +hybridize in northern +Japan +, but hybrids have lower fitness than the offspring of either parental taxon. Finally, recent detailed analyses of DNA sequence data conducted by + +Aardema +et al +. (2020) + +, which included sequence for specimens of + +pallens + +from +China +, cogently support the hypothesis that + +pallens + +is a genetically distinct entity derived from ancestral hybridization between + +Cx. pipiens + +and + +Cx. quinquefasciatus + +. The authors note, however, that the “hypothesis warrants further examination.” The presence of + +pallens + +in +Mexico +and the +United States +must also be assessed. As indicated by + +Mattingly +et al +. (1951) + +, some authors have conjectured that the + +pallens + +form was introduced into +California +, presumably from +Japan +. Despite the concerns and implications of hybridization, we feel it is prudent at this time to accept the evidence for the genetic distinction of + +pallens + +provided by + +Aardema +et al +. (2020) + +and hereby re-establish its original species status pending further investigation: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +pallens +Coquillett, 1898 + + +. + + +It is interesting to note that + +Cx. pipiens + +and + +Cx. quinquefasciatus + +are listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life, but + +Cx. pallens + +is not included; thus, it needs to be included with the + +Culex +species + +listed therein. Oddly, the +nomen dubium + +Culex molestus +Kollar, 1832 + +(in +Pohl & Kollar 1832 +) is listed as a species, probably mistakenly included instead of + +Cx +. +molestus +Forskål, 1775 + +, a recognized synonym and physiological variant ( + +molestus + +form) of + +Cx. pipiens + +. The list of mosquitoes in the Encyclopedia of Life was not compiled by mosquito taxonomic experts and does not, in many cases, reflect the current taxonomy of various taxa. + + +Thirty-six nominal taxa (disregarding the name +melanorhinus +Giles, 1900 +, which was proposed as a replacement name for + +Cx. pallipes +Macquart, 1838 + +) are currently recognized as synonyms of + +Cx. pipiens + +. We consider all synonymous taxa named from localities in Europe ( +England +, +France +, +Germany +and +Portugal +), northern Africa ( +Algeria +, +Egypt +and +Tunisia +), +Mexico +and the +United States +to be synonyms of + +Cx. pipiens + +. These include all of the synonyms listed by +Harbach (2018) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +, as well as + +Cx. comitatus +Dyar & Knab, 1909a +( +California +) + +and + +Cx. quinquefasciatus +race +dipseticus +Dyar & Knab, 1909a + +(western +Mexico +and California), which were listed as synonyms of + +Cx. pipiens pallens +Coquillett, 1898 + +. Only a single nominal species, + +Cx +. +osakaensis +Theobald, 1907 + +( +type +locality: +Osaka +, Honshu Island, +Japan +), is retained as a synonym of + +Cx. pallens + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA640A0FFF54F8F7FD9B5F04.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA640A0FFF54F8F7FD9B5F04.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9aa3b8cc42b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA640A0FFF54F8F7FD9B5F04.xml @@ -0,0 +1,290 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +pruina +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +eschirasi +Galliard, 1931 + +—original combination: + +Culex pruina +var. +eschirasi + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Gabon +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). subspecies + +pruina +Theobald, 1901d + +—original combination: + +Culex pruina + +. Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Liberia +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, but not +Sudan +, see + +Simsaa +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +With the exception of +Burkina Faso +, subspecies + +eschirasi + +has been recorded from eight of the 12 countries in which the +type +form has been recorded. The larvae of the two forms, which are apparently sympatric, exhibit significant differences. The larva of the +type +form was described by +Macfie & Ingram (1916) +, and their description and illustrations of the head and terminal abdominal segments were utilized by +Hopkins (1936 +, +1952 +), with little additional information. +Galliard (1931) +illustrated the terminal abdominal segments of + +eschirasi + +and noted two major distinctions from the +type +form. +Hopkins (1936 +, +1952 +) illustrated a longer siphon for + +eschirasi + +and reiterated the differences between the two forms noted by +Galliard (1931) +. In the +type +form, the posterior surface of the siphon between the pecten of either side is covered with microtrichium-like spicules (aculeae) whereas in subspecies + +eschirasi + +the entire surface of the siphon, except narrowly at the base, is covered with aculeae. Both authors indicate that the integument of the thorax and abdominal segments I–VII and part of VIII bears a dense covering of aculeae. Harbach +et al +. (2017) recorded the presence of thoracic and abdominal aculeae in + +Cx. pruina + +, but they did not indicate which subspecific form was examined. Other differences noted in the descriptions and illustrations of the two forms include the following: Comb scales evenly fringed in + +eschirasi + +whereas some scales are only fringed at the apex and on one side in the +type +form; the siphonal setae (seta 1-S) are about 0.6 the diameter of the siphon in the former and about 0.5 the diameter in the latter; seta 1-X is short and single in + +eschirasi + +and longer with three branches in the +type +form; and the anal papillae are equally long in + +eschirasi + +, slightly longer than the length of the saddle, whereas the dorsal and ventral papillae are unequal and the dorsal pair is slightly shorter than the length of the saddle in the +type +form. The male genitalia of the typical form were partially described and illustrated by +Edwards (1914 +, + +1929 +b + +, 1941). The genitalia of + +eschirasi + +have not been illustrated, but +Galliard (1931) +noted that they look a little different than those of the +type +form: “appendices chitineux du tube génital (mésosome) sont profondément divisés en deux” [lateral plates of the genital tube (aedeagus + lateral plates) are deeply split in two]. However, +Edwards (1941) +stated that he could not find any differences between the genitalia of the two forms. That aside, in view of the morphological distinctions of the larvae and the sympatry of the two forms, it is likely that + +eschirasi + +is genetically distinct and should therefore be afforded specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +eschirasi +Galliard, 1931 + + +. + +Culex eschirasi + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Culex pruina + +has a single synonym, + +Cx. pallidothoracis +Theobald, 1909 + +( +type +locality: Obuasi, +Ashanti Region +, +Ghana +). Until topotypic larvae of this nominal species are available for examination, + +Cx. pallidothoracis + +should remain a synonym of + +Cx. pruina + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA660A01FF54FD55FAFE5D48.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA660A01FF54FD55FAFE5D48.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1cde859cb27 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA660A01FF54FD55FAFE5D48.xml @@ -0,0 +1,667 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +invidiosus +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +invidiosus +Theobald, 1901d + +—original combination: + +Culex invidiosus + +. Distribution: Sub-Saharan Africa, countries north of approximately +10° S +latitude—including +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Gabon +, +Gambia +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Mali +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +São Tomé and Príncipe +, +Senegal +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +vexillatus +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +invidiosus +var. +vexillatus + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +vicinalis +de Meillon & Lavoipierre, 1944 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +invidiosus +ssp. +vicinalis + +. Distribution: +Democratic Republic of the Congo +( +de Meillon & Lavoipierre 1944 +). + + + + +Like many species of Afrotropical + +Culex + +, + +Cx. invidiosus + +is very poorly known. It was last treated by +Edwards (1941) +, who distinguished + +vexillatus + +as a +variety based +on +five males +and a female from +Kampala +, +Uganda +(Mattingly 1956) that closely resembles the typical form except for the shape of seta +f +of the subapical lobe of the male gonocoxite. Three years later, +de Meillon & Lavoipierre (1944) +described + +vicinalis + +as a subspecies of + +Cx. invidiosus + +based on a single male collected at Yangambi, a town located on the +Congo +River in the central region of present-day +Democratic Republic of the Congo +. + + +A review of the taxonomic history of + +Cx. invidiosus + +following its original description by +Theobald (1901c) +begins with +Edwards (1911b) +, who indicated that it belonged to a group of species that are “very difficult to classify” because they lack “clearly marked distinctions.” Ironically, Edwards formally recognized + +Cx +. +euclastus +Theobald, 1903b + +, + +Cx +. +chloroventer +Theobald, 1909 + +and + +Cx +. +aquilus +Graham, 1910 + +as synonyms of + +Cx. invidiosus + +, and those names have remained as synonyms of + +Cx. invidiosus + +to the present. + + +Wesché (1910) +described the larva of + +Cx. invidiosus + +(as + +Cx +. +aquilus + +) and included it in a key to the larvae of African +Culicidae +. +Edwards (1912d) +updated the key and illustrated the head and terminal abdominal segments of + +Cx. invidiosus + +. Although Edwards was “unable to separate the larvae of + +C. decens + +[now considered a valid species]… and + +C. invidiosus + +”, and found that the characters given by Wesché were unreliable, he believed the two species were distinct because + +Cx. decens + +could be distinguished by the reddish thorax (brown in + +Cx. invidiosus + +) and the banded abdominal segments of males. Despite treating them as separate species, he concluded that “It is therefore quite possible that the two are really only forms of one species; they generally occur together, but specimens bred from one batch of larvae exhibit little variation.” + + +Edwards (1914) +acknowledged that species of + +Culex + +are most readily separated by features of the male genitalia, but indicted “As previously stated, I can detect no difference whatever between the hypopygia [genitalia] of this species [ + +Cx. invidiosus + +] and of + +C. decens + +.” Despite this comment, Edwards treated + +Cx. invidiosus + +as a distinct species and surmized that it “is probably a purely West African species.” He illustrated the phallosomes and gonocoxites of + +Cx. invidiosus + +, + +Cx +. +antennatus +(Becker, 1903) + +(as Cx. +laurenti +Newstead, 1907 +, in + +Newstead +et al +. 1907 + +) and Cx. +perfuscus +sp. nov. +to show the close similarity of the genitalia of seemingly unrelated species. + + +Macfie & Ingram (1920) +conducted a detailed comparison of the pupae of + +Cx. decens + +and + +Cx. invidiosus + +, but were unable to find differences to distinguish them. In summary, they stated: “The question then arises, are + +C. decens + +and + +C. invidiosus + +separate species or are they varieties of a single mosquito. There are indeed certain differences in the adults, but the genitalia of the males are identical according to Edwards, the larvae cannot be separated [reiterated by +Hopkins 1936 +, +1952 +], and the same remark applies to the pupae. Under these circumstances we think there can be little doubt that they should be regarded as varieties and not as distinct species; we propose to retain for the species the name + +C. decens + +.” Based on these findings, +Edwards (1932a) +listed + +invidiosus + +as a variety of + +Cx. decens + +, with the three synonyms noted above. + + +Edwards (1941) +is the last reviser of the subgenus + +Culex + +in the Afrotropical +Region +. He reiterated his earlier observation ( +Edwards 1912d +) that the adults of + +Cx. invidiosus + +differ from those of + +Cx. decens + +in having brown instead of reddish mesonotal (scutal) scales and abdominal terga without pale bands, and added that the male genitalia of + +Cx. invidiosus + +differ from those of + +Cx. decens + +in having seta +f +longer and distally expanded on one side and seta +h +with a kink at mid-length. He concluded that “Since it has now been found that small differences exist in the male terminalia [genitalia], supporting the more obvious differences in colouring, it may be more correct to treat + +C. invidiosus + +as a distinct species rather than as a variety of + +C. decens + +.” He then described + +vexillatus + +as a +variety with +male genitalia that “Closely resemble those of + +C. invidiosus + +in all respects except as regards the shape of appendage +f +of the coxite lobe [gonocoxite subapical lobe]; this is greatly expanded at the tip, like a small flag; seta +h +sinuous as in typical + +invidiosus + +.” In addition to the character of seta +f +, comparison of Edwards’s illustrations of the partial phallosomes of + +invidiosus + +and + +vexillatus + +reveals a difference not noticed by Edwards, +i.e. +the dorsal arms of the lateral plates are larger, distally tapered and project beyond the largest tooth of the lateral arm in the +type +form whereas in + +vexillatus + +the dorsal arms are smaller, slightly enlarged distally and do not reach beyond the largest tooth of the lateral arm. + + + +Culex invidiosus vicinalis + +was described by +de Meillon & Lavoipierre (1944) +as “agreeing with + +invidiosus +Theo. + +in all respects the only differences to be found in the male terminalia [genitalia]”, +i.e. +seta +f +of the subapical lobe is not enlarged apically, seta +h +is not sinuous and a unique double row of rather sharply bent setae is borne adjacent to the subapical lobe on the lateral surface of the gonocoxite. The authors pointed out that a similar double row of setae is present in an unnamed variety of + +Cx. ornatothoracis +Theobald, 1909 + +(see +Edwards 1941 +: fig. +118g +), but because + +vicinalis + +bears an overall closer resemblance to + +Cx. invidiosus +, de Meillon & Lavoipierre + +regarded it “as a subspecies of that species rather than of + +ornatothoracis + +.” + + +Based on many years of taxonomic work (REH) on species of the genus + +Culex + +, especially species of the subgenus + +Culex + +, it is apparent that seemingly minor differences in features of the male genitalia are indicative of separate species. In the case of + +vexillatus + +and the typical form, differences now apparent in the development of the dorsal arms of the phallosome, supporting the previously noted differences in the form of setae +f +and +h +of the subapical lobe, it is more appropriate to treat + +vexillatus + +as a distinct species: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +vexillatus +Edwards, 1941 + + +. The situation with + +vicinalis + +is very different. Based on the diagnostic presence of a unique double row of setae on the gonocoxite, coupled with the distinctive development of setae +f +and +h +, it is surprising that + +vicinalis + +was not originally recognized as a distinct species; thus, it is hereby afforded specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +vicinalis +de Meillon & Lavoipierre, 1944 + + +. Both + +Cx +. +vexillatus + +and + +Cx +. +vicinalis + +are listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. The larva of + +Cx. invidiosus + +is partially known ( +Wesché 1910 +; +Edwards 1912d +); the larvae of + +Cx. vexillatus + +and + +Cx. vicinalis + +are unknown. Once the larvae of all three species are known and have been studied and compared in detail, it is likely that morphological differences will be found that support their recognition as separate species. Molecular data are also expected to support their specific status. + + +Three nominal species are recognized as junior synonyms of + +Cx. invidiosus + +: + +Cx. euclastus +Theobald, 1903b + +( +type +locality: +Gambia +), + +Cx. chloroventer +Theobald, 1909 + +( +type +locality: Accra, +Ashanti Region +, +Ghana +) and + +Cx. aquilus +Graham, 1910 + +( +type +locality: +Lagos +, +Nigeria +). The +type +locality of + +Cx. invidiosus + +is the island town of Bonny in +Rivers State +in southern +Nigeria +.As there is no evidence that one or more of the three nominal forms might be conspecific with either + +Cx. vexillatus + +( +type +locality: +Kampala +, +Uganda +) or + +Cx. vicinalis + +( +type +locality: Yangambi, Tshopo Province, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +), they must remain as junior synonyms of + +Cx. invidiosus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA670A02FF54F9F5FE7D58AC.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA670A02FF54F9F5FE7D58AC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..93a97a9ff8c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA670A02FF54F9F5FE7D58AC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,289 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +guiarti +Blanchard + + + + + + + +subspecies + +guiarti +Blanchard, 1905 + +—original combination: + +Culex guiarti + +[ +nomen novum +for + +Culex viridis +Theobald, 1903a + +]. Distribution: +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Gabon +, +Gambia +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Madagascar +, +Mali +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of +South Africa, +Senegal +, +South Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, but not +Sudan +, see + +Simsaa +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +sudanicus +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex guiarti +var. +sudanicus + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & +Howard 2007). Distribution: +Ghana +, + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. + + + + + +Culex guiarti sudanicus + +was originally described and named as a +variety that +was considered to be morphologically “Intermediate between + +C. guiarti + +and + +C. weschei +” ( +Edwards 1941 +) + +. It was recognized as a subspecies of + +Cx. guiarti + +by +Harbach & Howard (2007) +. + + +Edwards (1941) +noted that + +sudanicus + +resembled the nominotypical form in having the proboscis entirely dark-scaled, the abdominal sterna with dark apical bands and the distal half of the midfemur extensively dark-scaled dorsally in posterior view, but exhibited the following differences: Scutal integument uniformly brownish, not paler on the fossae (shoulders), scales nearly entirely pale and coarser; mesokatepisternal scales more numerous, the upper and lower patches almost contiguous; proepisternal scales and setae also more numerous; anterior scales of forecoxa all pale; male genitalia as in the typical form, gonostylus not unusually broad (moderately broad and rather suddenly narrowed apically in the typical form). The larva is known for the typical form ( +Hopkins 1952 +), but it is not known for + +sudanicus + +. The typical form has been recorded from many countries in sub-Sharan Africa whereas + +sudanicus + +is only recorded from +Ghana +and + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. Based on the paucity of morphological data and the fact that the typical form has also been recorded from +Ghana +and +Nigeria +, we believe that +Edwards (1941) +was correct in describing + +sudanicus + +as a morphological variant of + +Cx. guiarti + +. Consequently, it seems prudent to formally recognize + +sudanicus + +as a synonymous name: + + +sudanicus +Edwards, 1941 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Culex +( +Culex +) +guiarti +Blanchard, 1905 + + +. “ + +Culex sudanicus + +” should be removed from the list of + +Culex +species + +included in the Encyclopedia of Life. We retain a second synonym of + +Culex guiarti + +, + +Culex viridis +Theobald, 1903a + +, described from Buse, +Uganda +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA680A0BFF54FD79FE1A5BA8.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA680A0BFF54FD79FE1A5BA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b7e23431e19 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA680A0BFF54FD79FE1A5BA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,326 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +trifilatus +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +aenescens +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +trifilatus +ssp. +aenescens + +. Distribution: +Eritrea +( +Mara 1945 +), +Uganda +( +Edwards 1941 +). + + +subspecies + +trifilatus +Edwards, 1914 + +—original combination: + +Culex trifilatus + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Cameroon +, +Democratic +Republic of the Congo, +Ethiopia +, +Gabon +, +Guinea +, +Kenya +, +Madagascar +, +Malawi +, +Mozambique +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +, +Zimbabwe +, +Zambia +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Culex trifilatus + +was descried by +Edwards (1914) +based on adult males and females collected in Kabete, +Kenya +. In 1941, he described subspecies + +aenescens + +from adults captured in the Toro District of +Uganda +. Subspecies + +aenescens + +was distinguished principally from the +type +form in having seta +c +of the subapical lobe of the male gonocoxite as long as seta +b +(seta +c +is shorter than +b +in the +type +form), setae +d +and +e +absent (both present in the +type +form) and seta +f +very slender (broad and flattened in the +type +form). However, the illustrations of the genitalia provided by +Edwards (1941) +clearly indicate that the two laterally bent projections of the lateral plate are more slender, the dorsal one is tapered and pointed, and the dorsal arm is narrower and longer in subspecies + +aenescens + +(the dorsal projection is broadened apically in the nominate subspecies). The larva of subspecies + +aenescens + +was described by +Hopkins (1952) +from many specimens collected in the Toro District. The larva of the nominate subspecies was not known until it was described by + +Ribeiro +et al +. (1982) + +based on specimens from +Angola +(Ribeiro & da +Cunha +Ramos 1980) and +Tanzania +( +V. N. +Danilov). As described by these researchers, larvae of subspecies + +aenescens + +differ from those of the +type +form as follows: Seta 5-C with 3 branches (4 or more in the +type +form); siphonal seta 1-S comprised of 3 pairs of alternating setae with 2–5 branches (with 3–9 branches in the +type +form); seta 1-X single or double (always single in the +type +form); dorsal pair of anal papillae 1.5 times as long as the ventral pair, which are about as long as the saddle (dorsal pair 3 times as long as the ventral pair in the +type +form, but the ventral pair are only about half as long as the saddle). + + + +Ribeiro +et al +. (1982) + +stated that the two subspecies are allopatric based on then present knowledge of their geographical distributions. This is apparently incorrect as both forms are recorded from localities in +Uganda +and a footnote in +Hopkins (1952) +provided by P. F. Mattingly indicates that +Mara (1945) +recorded the presence of subspecies + +aenescens + +in +Eritrea +. + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +, and later catalogs, indicate that the +type +form has been found in +Ethiopia +and +Sudan +, but without identifying the sources of those records and whether they are based on adult or larval mosquitoes. Assuming the identifications are correct, it seems likely that the two subspecies occur in sympatry in northeastern areas of the Afrotropical Region. + + +It is an undeniable fact that most species of Afrotropical + +Culex + +are incompletely (inadequately) described and illustrated or otherwise only superficially known. As a result of critical revisionary studies, it is known that many currently recognized species of the genus are distinguished by a combination of seemingly minor differences in individual life stages, +e.g. +species of the +Oriental +Vishnui Group ( +Sirivanakarn 1976 +), and some nominal species thought to be conspecific have been found to be distinct species with very similar male genitalia that exhibit distinctive minor differences, +e.g. + +Cx. bidens +Dyar, 1922 + +and + +Cx. interfor +Dyar, 1928 + +( + +Harbach +et al +. 1986 + +). It is well known that male genitalia generally provide a better means for distinguishing species than any other morphological characters, especially members of the genus + +Culex + +. Evolution of genital form is thought to be involved in the origin of species and the reproductive isolation between species. Thus, the differences in the male genitalia noted above would alone provide +prima facie +evidence of separate species; however, those differences coupled with the larval differences and the probable sympatry of the two forms further strengthens the likelihood that + +aenescens + +is a valid species. For these reasons, we feel justified in formally recognizing this nominal subspecific taxon as a distinct species: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +aenescens +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Culex aenescens + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA690A0CFF54FEC1FDCA5880.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA690A0CFF54FEC1FDCA5880.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..39434a62018 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA690A0CFF54FEC1FDCA5880.xml @@ -0,0 +1,420 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +toroensis +Edwards & Gibbins + + + + + + + +subspecies + +macrophyllus +Edwards & Gibbins, 1939 + +—original combination: + +Culex vansomereni +spp. +macrophyllus + +(subspecific status by +Edwards, 1941 +concomitant with the elevation of + +toroensis + +to specific status). Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Uganda +( +Knight & Stone 1977 +). + + +subspecies + +toroensis +Edwards & Gibbins, 1939 + +—original combination: + +Culex vansomereni toroensis + +(specific status by +Edwards +1941). Distribution: +Burundi +, +Cameroon +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Malawi +, +Republic of South +Africa, +Rwanda +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The typical form and subspecies + +macrophyllus + +were originally described as subspecies of + +Cx. vansomereni +Edwards, 1926a + +. +Edwards (1941) +elevated + +toroensis + +to specific status based on “well-marked larval distinctions from + +C. vansomereni + +, together with the constant difference in pleural scaling”; consequently, + +macrophyllus + +became a subspecies of + +Cx. toroensis + +. +Edwards & Gibbins (1939) +and +Edwards (1941) +distinguished the subspecies based solely on features of the male genitalia. In the typical form, foliform seta +g +of the subapical lobe is about as long as seta +f +and more or less pointed, the lateral plate of the phallosome has about five denticles and the gonostylus is long and markedly narrowed distally. In comparison, seta +g +is much larger than seta +f +in subspecies + +macrophyllus + +, the lateral plate has a slightly different shape with about three denticles and the gonostylus is distinctly shorter and not narrowed distally. The larva of the typical form is known from specimens reared to adults ( +Edwards 1941 +; +Service 1959 +). The larva of subspecies + +macrophyllus + +is not definitely known, but larvae associated with adults collected at the +type +locality ( +Edwards & Gibbins 1939 +) “bore a close resemblance” to the larva of + +Cx. andersoni +Edwards, 1914 + +, which is very distinct from the larva of subspecies + +toroensis + +. The larva of the typical form has not been studied in detail—only features of the head and terminal abdominal structures have been described, with special emphasis on the anterior (dorsal) and posterior (ventral) clusters of spines near the apex of the siphon. As noted by +Service (1959) +, specimens of + +toroensis + +from +Kenya +and +Sudan +examined in the “British Museum” did not exhibit the arrangement of 18 anterior siphonal spines illustrated by +Hopkins (1952) +, and specimens from elsewhere had 0–9 anterior spines. It should be mentioned, however, that a male from Kisomoro, +Uganda +, the +type +locality of + +toroensis + +, was reared from a “larva similar to that figured by +Hopkins [1936] +… as sp. indet.” ( +Edwards & Gibbins 1939 +), and was illustrated by +Hopkins (1952) +as the larva of + +Cx. toroensis + +. Both Hopkins and Service noted the variable presence of 0–3 posterior spines. In agreement with +Service (1959) +and +Jupp (1996) +, the variable number of apical siphonal spines makes it impossible to reliably identify the species, +e.g. +to distinguish larvae from those of + +Cx. vansomereni + +. On the other hand, we feel that such variation may be an indication of a complex of closely related species. + + +Oddly, +Edwards & Gibbins (1939) +described + +macrophyllus + +(p. 31) prior to describing + +toroensis + +(p. 32); hence, + +macrophyllus + +could have been taken as the nominotypical species with + +toroensis + +as a subspecies of + +Cx. macrophyllus + +. Mattingly (1956) revealed that + +macrophyllus + +was described from +six males +, five with dissected genitalia, and +four females +collected at “Lugezi Camp between Mt. Mgahinga [Mt Gahinga] and Mt. Sabinio [Mt Sabyinyo]” located at the extreme southwestern fringe of +Uganda +along the border with +Rwanda +[actually, Mt Sabyinyo, an extinct volcano, is situated at the intersection of present-day +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Rwanda +and +Uganda +, and Mt Gahinga, a dormant/extinct volcano, is on the border between +Rwanda +and +Uganda +]. Lugezi Camp was apparently located on the +Uganda +side of the current border with +Rwanda +. The two mountains were located in the former +Kigezi District +, which included flanking areas of the two currently neighboring countries. The former +Kigezi District +now includes the +Kabale +, +Kanungu +, +Kisoro +and +Rukungiri +Districts and the two mountains are situated at the margins of the +Kisoro District +. +Edwards (1941) +indicated that + +macrophyllus + +was found at the “Saddle between Mts. Mgadinga and Sabinio, +8000 ft. +[ +2,438 m +]”, but according to +Edwards & Gibbins (1939) +Lugezi Camp was located at the side of “Mt. Sabinio” at an elevation of “ +7–8000 ft. +[ + +2,135 +–2,438 +m + +]”. Mattingly (1956) observed that + +toroensis + +was described from +five males +, two incomplete and three with dissected genitalia, and +one female +from Kisomoro, +Uganda +and +nine males +and +nine females +from Kararama Camp in the Namwamba Valley, and designated a male with dissected genitalia from Kisomoro as the name-bearing +lectotype +. Kisomoro (elevation +1,492 m +), situated in the +Bunyangabu District +in the Western Region of +Uganda +, is located approximately +240 km +north of the type locality of + +macrophyllus + +. It is interesting that the following statement made by +Edwards & Gibbins (1939) +regarding + +toroensis + +was apparently overlooked by later workers: “These specimens [from Kararama Camp, Namwamba Valley] have the male hypopygium [genitalia] almost exactly as in the typical form [ + +vansomereni + +], and do not show the enlarged leaf and other slight peculiarities seen in specimens from Kigezi [ +i.e. +Lugezi Camp].” The Namwamba Valley is located approximately +37 km +southwest of Kisomoro, indicating that + +toroensis + +is probably widely distributed in the mountainous regions of western +Uganda +. In view of the differences in structures of the male genitalia of the two forms, especially the very different gonostylus, the extensive variation observed in the anterior siphonal spines of larvae identified as + +toroensis + +suggesting that it may be a species complex, the likelihood that the larva of + +macrophyllus + +is similar to the larva of + +Cx. andersoni + +, and the probability that + +toroensis + +and + +macrophyllus + +are likely to occur in sympatry, we feel confident that the latter form is a separate species and hereby formally accord it specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +macrophyllus +Edwards & Gibbins, 1939 + + +. + +Culex macrophyllus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..037ec84b2d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6A0A0DFF54FC7DFD2B5B18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,238 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +striatipes +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies +joanae +Muspratt, 1955 +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +striatipes +ssp. +joanae + +. Distribution: +Republic of South +Africa ( +Muspratt 1955 +). + + +subspecies + +striatipes +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +striatipes + +. Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Democratic +Republic of the Congo, +Ethiopia +, +Ivory Coast +, +Kenya +, +Madagascar +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Edwards (1941) +described and named + +Cx. striatipes + +based on +three adults +collected in +Kenya +, a male and a female from Nairobi and a male from Mt Elgon. The larva and pupa of the species were described by + +de Meillon +et al +. (1945) + +from exuviae, derived from +two larvae +collected at Livingstone, +Zambia +(as +Northern Rhodesia +), which were apparently reared to adults that were presumably used to identify the species. +Hopkins (1952) +repeated verbatim the description of the larva published by de Meillon +et al +. and included illustrations of the head and terminal abdominal segments which were reconstructed from the two larval exuviae used for the original description. The illustrations included details that were not shown in the drawings provided by + +de Meillon +et al. +(1945) + +. +Muspratt (1955) +described subspecies +joanae +from +six males +and +six females +, one with an associated larval exuviae. The adults were apparently reared from larvae collected “near the Lydenburg to Sabie road over Mount Anderson” in the former Transvaal Province of +South Africa +. Muspratt stated that the subspecies differed from the typical form “in having no anterior white stripe on the middle femur and the middle tibia either all dark or with at most a faint anterior pale stripe. The hind femur is pale anteriorly only to about half instead of the usual 4/5. The latter character is probably the most reliable distinction as on some otherwise typical specimens from +southern Rhodesia +[now +Zimbabwe +] one or more of the white lines on the anterior side of the front and middle femora, and on the middle tibia, are faint or absent. The +type +series of ssp +joanae +are rather larger and darker than + +striatipes + +from +southern Rhodesia +.” He stated that the larva “appears to be practically as the typical form”. No further morphotaxonomic work has been published on + +striatipes + +, but interestingly +Jupp (1996) +, who included the species (without +joanae +) in a key to the adult mosquitoes of +South Africa +, observed that subspecies +joanae +“is indistinguishable from typical + +striatipes + +in the larva, and probably also in the ♂ genitalia. Adult +♀ +’s differ in having no anterior white stripe on the midfemur and midtibia, although midtibia sometimes has very faint stripe. Hindfemur is pale anteriorly only to about 0.5 instead of the usual 0.8.” As so few specimens have been historically collected and studied, it is difficult to know the degree of morphological variation that exists in populations of the species between +Zimbabwe +and +South Africa +, indeed throughout the range of the species, which is also imperfectly known. For the time being, we consider that there is insufficient evidence to retain +joanae +as a subspecies and hereby formally consign it to synonymy: + +joanae +Muspratt, 1955 +, junior subjective synonym of + +Culex +( +Culex +) +striatipes +Edwards, 1941 + + +. Subspecies +joanae +Muspratt, 1955 +, which is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, should be removed from the list of recognized species of the genus + +Culex + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6B0A0EFF54FAFDFB555984.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6B0A0EFF54FAFDFB555984.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26a0cf5d328 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6B0A0EFF54FAFDFB555984.xml @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +shoae +Hamon & Ovazza + + + + + + + +subspecies + +shoae +Hamon & Ovazza, 1954 + +—original combination: + +Culex shoae + +. Distribution: +Ethiopia +( +Hamon & Ovazza +1954). + + +subspecies + +ugandae +van Someren, 1967 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +shoae ugandae + +. Distribution: +Kenya +, +Uganda +( +van Someren 1967 +). + + + + +The +type +forms of + +Cx. shoae + +and subspecies + +ugandae + +are only known from the original descriptions. The +type +locality of the typical form is an unspecified locality in the Shewa region (Romanized as Shoa) of central +Ethiopia +. Shewa lies in the Ethiopian Highlands, with elevations mainly above +1,500 m +. The +type +locality of + +ugandae + +is Ngogwe, +Uganda +. Ngogwe is a municipality with an elevation of +1,200 m +in the Central Region of the country. +Van Someren (1967) +indicated that larvae of + +ugandae + +were also found at +Kakamega +(elevation +1,535 m +) in western +Kenya +. The immature stages of both forms have been found in the axils of wild banana plants, but larvae of + +ugandae + +have also been found in the axils of + +Colocasia + +. + + +Van +Someren noted that although subspecies + +ugandae + +resembles the +type +form, all life stages exhibit “small but apparently constant differences”. The larva of + +ugandae + +is readily distinguished from the +type +form by having head seta 4-C with 2–4 branches, comb scales evenly fringed around the apex, the siphonal pecten with 8–10 spines, each with a coarse proximal denticle, and seta 1-X only slightly longer than the saddle. Seta 4-C is unusually large in the +type +form, with about 13 branches, the comb scales are unique in having lateral spicules that grade distally into blunt denticles and a blunt apex, the pecten consists of about 14 spines, the proximal spines have 1 or 2 denticles and the distal spines are simple, without denticles, and seta 1-X is 3 times as long as the saddle. Differences in the adult and pupa, which van Someren characterized as “only slight and perhaps unreliable”, include the following: In adults of subspecies + +ugandae + +the femora have small and inconspicuous knee spots (produced as narrow bands in the +type +form); in females the dark dorsal scaling of the hindfemur reaches the base of the femur (it does not reach the base in the +type +form); in males the outer division of the lateral plate of the phallosome has 6 denticles ( +3 in +the +type +form) and seta +d +of the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite is stout and bristle-like (fine and hair-like in the +type +form); in the pupa seta 10-CT has 3 branches (6 branches in the +type +form), seta 11-CT is single or bifid (with 3 or 4 branches in the +type +form) and seta 5-VI is usually bifid but sometimes single (bifid in the +type +form). Differences in the male genitalia which van Someren did not notice include the differently shaped seta +g +of the subapical lobe (narrowed and slightly pointed distally in + +ugandae + +and broadly rounded apically in the +type +form), the ventrocaudal process of the outer division of the lateral plate is broad and somewhat duck-head shaped (narrow and more tooth-like in the +type +form) and the dorsal process of the outer division is broadly triangular in lateral view (more or less digiform in the +type +form). + + +There is a wide gap of much lower terrain between the high elevations of +Ethiopia +and +Uganda +/ +Kenya +that include the +type +localities of the typical form and subspecies + +ugandae + +, respectively, and that area of lower elevation could be a barrier to gene flow and explain the allopatric separation and morphological distinctions exhibited by the two forms. Because the morphological differences between the adults, larvae and pupae of typical + +shoae + +and subspecies + +ugandae + +, coupled with their occurrence in separate geographical areas, provide credible evidence for the recognition of + +ugandae + +as a separate species, it is hereby formally raised to specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +ugandae +van Someren, 1967 + + +. + +Culex ugandae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6C0A08FF54FF38FCDB5F61.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6C0A08FF54FF38FCDB5F61.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b42769da9b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6C0A08FF54FF38FCDB5F61.xml @@ -0,0 +1,306 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Eumelanomyia +) +hayashii +Yamada + + + + + + + +subspecies + +hayashii +Yamada, 1917 + +—original combination: + +Culex hayashii + +. Distribution: +Japan +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Russia +, +South Korea +, +Taiwan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +ryukyuanus +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Eumelanomyia +) +hayashii ryukyuanus + +. Distribution: +Japan +(Ryukyu Archipelago) ( + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). + + + + +Sirivanakarn (1972) +, in his revisionary study of the subgenus + +Eumelanomyia + +in Southeast Asia and adjacent areas, stated that “The adults of + +C. hayashii + +show a great deal of variation in size, color, texture of scutal scales and in the length of male palpus. The specimens from the Ryukyu Islands differ from the specimens from +Japan +and +Korea +in smaller size, darker coloration, finer scutal scales and shorter male pulpus [ +sic +]. However, these differences are not correlated with any differentiation in the male terminalia [genitalia], indicating that there is in all probability only one species involved.” + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +interpreted + +ryukyuanus + +to be a subspecies distinct from the +type +form based on the following characteristics: Generally smaller body size, wing with a smaller ratio of the length of cell R +2 +to the length of vein R +2+3 +, a slight difference in the ratio of the length of hindtarsomere 1 to the length of the hindtibia (0.98–1.11 as opposed to 0.85–1.03 in the +type +form), male with shorter maxillary palpus (palpomere 2 shorter than it is in the +type +form). They stated that the larva of + +ryukyuanus + +did not appear to be significantly different from + +hayashii +sensu stricto + +on Japan’s main island (Honshu). + + +The Ryukyu Archipelago comprises an arc of 55 islands and islets that extend about +1,000 km +southwestward from +40 km +south of Kyushu, the southernmost of Japan’s main islands, to +100 km +east of northern +Taiwan +. The chain of islands is divided by two large gaps, a northern gap of about +270 km +between Yakushima Island and the Amami island group, and a southern gap of about +280 km +between the islands of +Okinawa +and Miyako. The flora and fauna tend to be very different on either side of these gaps, and forms that occur on islands of the Archipelago that have been regarded as subspecies are proving to be genetically distinct ( + +Toma +et al +. 2019 + +; + +Somboon +et al +. 2020a + +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2022 + +). For example, + +Toma +et al +. (2019) + +clearly showed that + +Tripteroides bambusa yaeyamensis + +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, +1979 + + +in the central and southern regions of the archipelago is molecularly and genetically distinct from + +Tp. bambusa +( +Yamada, 1917 +) + +in the northern Palaearctic region of +Japan +. Based on the results of their study and similar findings regarding the specific status of + +Aedes +( +Hulecoeteomyia +) +yaeyamensis +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +( + +Somboon +et al +. 2020a + +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2022 + +), despite the morphological similarity observed by +Sirivanakarn (1972) +and + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +, we believe it is likely molecular study will reveal that + +ryukyuanus + +and + +hayashii +sensu stricto + +are separate species. Therefore, unless genetic evidence proves otherwise, we hereby formally elevate + +ryukyuanus + +to specific rank: + + +Culex +( +Eumelanomyia +) +ryukyuanus +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + + +. + +Culex ryukyuanus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +For comparison, see the analogous treatments of the subspecies of + +Toxorhynchites manicatus +( +Edwards, 1921a +) + +and + +Uranotaenia novobscura +Barraud, 1934 + +presented below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6C0A36FF54FA1AFDB85880.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6C0A36FF54FA1AFDB85880.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68394389a37 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6C0A36FF54FA1AFDB85880.xml @@ -0,0 +1,519 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Eumelanomyia +) +horridus +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +horridus +Edwards, 1922 + +—original combination: + +Culex horridus + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Comoros +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Madagascar +, +Mali +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +South Sudan +[but not +Sudan +( + +Simsaa +et al +. 2021 + +)], +Tanzania +, +Togo +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +rageaui +( +Hamon & Rickenbach, 1955 +) + +—original combination: + +Neoculex horridus +var. +rageaui + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Cameroon +( +Hamon & Rickenbach 1955 +). These authors considered specimens from +Benin +and +Burkina Faso +that they compared with subspecies + +rageaui + +to be specimens of the nominotypical form (see below); thus, those two countries were erroneously included in the distribution of + +rageaui + +in the catalogs of +Knight & Stone (1977) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +. + + + + +Edwards (1922) +proposed + +horridus + +as a replacement name for + +Protomelanoconion fusca +Theobald, 1909 + +, type locality Accra in present-day +Ghana +, which was preoccupied by + +Taeniorhynchus fuscus +Theobald, 1905d + +, a synonym of + +Culex +( +Culiciomyia +) +fragilis +Ludlow, 1903 + +. Unfortunately, +Edwards (1922 +, +1941 +) only briefly described (with lack of detail) and did not illustrate the male genitalia of + +horridus + +. +Hamon & Rickenbach (1955) +examined two series of specimens, one consisting of +three males +, one from +Benin +and two from +Burkina Faso +, and the other consisting of +six males +from +Cameroon +. They provided two illustrations of the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite, one drawn from a male from +Burkina Faso +labelled as + +horridus + +and the other drawn from the +holotype +of + +rageaui + +from +Cameroon +. The two illustrations are similar except in the former there is only one seemingly flexible simple seta ( +d +or +e +) in group +d–f +and the three rod-like setae +a–c +are closely aligned parallel to each other with +c +inserted slightly distal to +a +and +b +. Subspecies + +rageaui + +has two straight (stiff?) setae ( +d +and +e +) in group +d–f +and seta +c +projects at a 90-degree angle from setae +a +and +b +, which is very unusual and could be due to distortion. Except for setae +d +and +e +, the characteristics (shapes) of the other setae ( +a–c +and +f–h +) are otherwise the same. +Jupp (1996) +also illustrated the subapical lobe of + +horridus + +, but setae +d–g +are very different than those illustrated by Hamon & Rickenbach. Whereas group +d–f +of the males from +Burkina Faso +and +Cameroon +consists of one or two simple setae ( +d +and +e +) and four blades ( +f +) with rounded tips and three or four apical barbs, group +d–f +of the specimen illustrated by Jupp consists of setae +d +and +e +and a single seta +f +with a bifid tip (which Jupp indicated may be an artefact). Whereas seta +g +is distinctly asymmetrical and as long as or slightly longer than seta +f +in the specimens illustrated by Hamon & Rickenbach, it is symmetrical and shorter than seta +f +in the specimen illustrated by Jupp. Obviously the species illustrated by Jupp is not conspecific with the species examined by Hamon & Rickenbach. + + +Hamon & Rickenbach stated that the genitalia of their two series of specimens are identical, and noted that they differed from Edwards’s description of + +horridus + +as follows: “the three rods (rods or blades) [setae +a–c +] are pointed at their apex, and at least two are curved into a hook; the four strong setae (blunt tipped setae) [seta +f +] are in fact narrow blades, rounded at their apex, and each bearing 3 to 4 subapical barbs; they are accompanied by one or two setae [ +d +and +e +] thinner and shorter than themselves; the leaf [seta +g +], apparently unstriated, is very asymmetrical in shape and is accompanied by a strong seta [ +h +] as long or longer than it…” (translated from the French). However, whereas the scutal scales are dark brown in the specimens of + +horridus + +from +Benin +and +Burkina Faso +, as described by Edwards for the typical form, the scutum of + +rageaui + +is “uniformly covered with yellowish-white scales” (translated from the French), whence the characteristic that distinguishes subspecies + +rageaui + +from the description of the type form provided by Edwards. The nature of the differences, especially the major difference in the color of the scutal scaling, prompted one of us (REH) to examine the +syntype +males of + +Protomelanoconion fusca +Theobald, 1909 + +(for which Edwards replaced with the name + +horridus + +) in the Natural History Museum (NHM), London. This resulted in an unexpected discovery. The subapical lobe shown in the two drawings of +Hamon & Rickenbach (1955) +is very different than the subapical lobe of the +syntypes +, and also different than the drawing of +Jupp (1996) +. Out of curiosity, drawings of subapical lobes in +Edwards (1941) +were scanned to see if any of the other species he treated was similar to the +syntypes +of + +fusca + +(= + +horridus + +). Edwards classified most species currently in the subgenera + +Eumelanomyia + +and + +Maillotia + +as species of the subgenus + +Neoculex + +. Astonishingly, the illustration of the subapical lobe he provided for + +Cx. salisburiensis +Theobald, 1901c + +, a species of the subgenus + +Maillotia + +, agrees with that of + +fusca + +, particularly the shape of setae +d–f +and the distinctive foliform seta +g +with an elongate stem. Consequently, it seemed necessary to look at other treatments of + +salisburiensis + +, which resulted in another unexpected discovery. Knight (1953), in his paper on the mosquitoes of +Yemen +, consulted Peter Mattingly at the British Museum (Natural History) (now the NHM), concerning differences between the male genitalia of specimens they identified as + +salisburiensis + +and the genitalia of the species illustrated by +Edwards (1941) +. Mattingly responded with the following. + + +I am afraid almost all of the differences you noted are due to errors in Edwards’ description. The only difference of any significance is that, while the Nairobi males have terminalia [genitalia] identical with the +Yemen +form, those from further south lack the longest of three accessory bristles [seta +f +] on the subapical lobe and one of the two small setae on the dististyle [gonostylus]. It is clear therefore that we have a northern and a southern form but it is impossible to say which is the +type +form since I have no males from +Salisbury +[ +Harare +, +Zimbabwe +]…. +It +may be possible eventually to distinguish two subspecies. +The +southern forms are certainly much darker than yours, especially with respect to the scutal scaling but the +Nairobi +specimens are intermediate and, I should think, would probably intergrade in +Eritrea +. +Also +the +two specimens +from Chilanga [ +Zambia +] suggest that there is considerable seasonal variation since one, collected in January, is very dark, while the other collected in November, is as pale as the Nairobi form. Edwards’ figure for the length of the female palps [maxillary palpi] seems to have been based on a single aberrant or shrunken specimen; and the tergal bands are variable, even in the same locality. The other differences are just errors in description. + + +It appears that the figure of the subapical lobe that Edwards’s attributed to + +Cx. salisburiensis + +is that of + +Cx. horridus + +( + +i.e. +P. fusca + +). His descriptions of the genitalia of both species are brief, but the description given for + +Cx. horridus + +and the illustration attributed to + +Cx. salisburiensis + +clearly correspond with the +syntypes +of + +P. fusca + +. Therefore, there is little doubt that the species illustrated by Hamon & Rickenbach, and also Jupp, are not + +Cx. horridus + +and are separate species. The only problem that remains is the question about the color of the scutal scaling. Hamon & Rickenbach cite Edwards’s description of + +Cx. horridus + +, which says the scutal scales are dark. The scutal scales of the +syntypes +of + +P. fusca + +definitely are not dark, but are golden and those on the anterior margin are white. Examination of specimens in the NHM from several East African countries all have golden scutal scales with white scales on the anterior margin. This would suggest an error in the description, or perhaps Edwards’s interpretation of dark scutal scaling due the optics and light sources that were available at the time. However, as the genitalia of the males with dark and yellowish white scutal scales are the same, it would seem possible that this is due to seasonal or geographical variation within a single species, or they may be two different closely related species. In any case, the subspecific form described by Hamon & Rickenbach must be considered to be a distinct species, + + +Culex +( +Eumelanomyia +) +rageaui +Hamon & Rickenbach, 1955 + + +, and the question of whether or not the form with dark scutal scaling is the same or a different species must await further study. + +Culex rageaui + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6E0A09FF54FB77FC405D74.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6E0A09FF54FB77FC405D74.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7911f6d3189 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6E0A09FF54FB77FC405D74.xml @@ -0,0 +1,448 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culiciomyia +) +nebulosus +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +nebulosus +Theobald, 1901d + +—original combination: + +Culex nebulosus + +. Distribution: +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Comoros +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Madagascar +, +Mali +, +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Senegal +, +Sierra Leone +, +Tanzania +, +Togo +, +Uganda +, +Yemen +, +Zambia +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, listed in error from +Malaysia +). + + +subspecies + +pseudocinereus +Theobald, 1901c + +—original combination: + +Culex pseudocinereus + +( + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +and +Knight & Stone 1977 +erroneously attributed subspecific status to +Edwards 1941 +, who actually treated the taxon as a variety; however, as explained by +Harbach 2018 +, + +pseudocinereus + +is deemed to have subspecific rank). Distribution: +Botswana +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Lesotho +, +Malawi +, +Namibia +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Tanzania +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Culiciomyia +is a very difficult group taxonomically. Females are generally difficult to distinguish, some are indistinguishable, and the identification of species depends mainly on anatomical features of males and fourth-instar larvae. Nineteen species of the subgenus are currently recognized in the Afrotropical +Region +( + +Cornel +et al +. 2020 + +). The adults of both sexes and larvae are known for 12 of the species, albeit inadequately or incompletely described, only males are known for six species and one species is only known from the larval stage. As for most species of the subgenus, the adults and larva of + +Cx. nebulosus +sensu stricto + +and subspecies + +pseudocinereus + +are known but have not been studied and described in detail. Their identification relies on subtle differences in the extent of scaling on areas of the thorax of adults, the development of the maxillary palpal comb scales of males and the form of the pecten spines and spiracular apodeme of larvae. +Note +. The palpal comb ( + +Cornel +et al +. 2020 + +) is a ventral row of long outstanding hair-like scales ( +Belkin 1962 +) on the distal half of palpomere 3 ( +Edwards 1941 +). + + + +Cornel +et al +. (2020) + +quoted +Edwards (1941) +for the development of the palpal comb scales of the typical form, but their photographic illustration differs slightly from Edwards’s line drawing. The palpal comb depicted by Edwards consists of a proximal set of 6 long spear-like scales separated by a small gap from a distal set comprised of 7 smaller, distally broader and apically hooked scales. In contrast, the proximal comb set illustrated by Cornel +et al +. consists of 7 scales of two sizes, a proximal group of 4 distinctly longer scales similar to those illustrated by Edwards and a distal group of 3 shorter, broader, apically pointed scales; a gap separates the proximal set from the distal set, which consists of 8 or 9 scales about the same length as the distal scales of the proximal set but developed as illustrated by Edwards. Variation in the composition of the palpal comb of the type form is further illustrated by +Jupp (1996) +: The proximal comb set consists of 7 scales separated by a gap from the distal set comprised of 8 scales, the scales of both sets are as illustrated by Edwards. In summary, the palpal comb of the type form consists of a proximal set of 6 or 7 lanceolate scales separated by a gap from a distal set of 7–9 distally broadened, apically hooked scales. The palpal comb of subspecies + +pseudocinereus + +has never been illustrated; however, +Edwards (1941) +noted that “Scales in distal part of palpal comb slightly different in shape from typical + +nebulosus + +, being bluntly pointed but without strongly hooked tips.” During the course of this study, we had an opportunity to examine the +holotype +male of + +pseudocinereus + +and noted that the comb scales gradually grade from large scales proximally to smaller scales distally with little change in shape and no apparent gap or clear delimitation of proximal and distal sets. In addition to differences in the palpal comb scales, Edwards also noted that + +pseudocinereus + +“Closely resembles typical + +nebulosus + +but differs in both sexes in having much more numerous flat white scales on the mesepimeron; propleura [proepisternum] with a large patch of scales; lower mesepimeral bristle [seta] often accompanied by from one to three short hairs [small setae] (between it and the scales).” Edwards did not find any differences in the male genitalia of the two forms, but this is likely to be due to inattention to delicate structural detail. + + +Bram (1967) +stated that species of +Culiciomyia +are most reliably distinguished in the larval stage; for this reason, it is surprising that +Hopkins (1952) +did not treat the larva of + +pseudocinereus + +, the omission of which may have lead +Mattingly & Lips (1953) +to consider that larvae of + +nebulosus + +and + +pseudocinereus + +were indistinguishable. As is the case with most species of Afrotropical + +Culex + +, the larva of + +nebulosus + +is superficially and inadequately described. For this reason, it was only possible for +Peters (1955) +to compare larvae of + +pseudocinereus + +with the description of the +type +form provided by +Hopkins (1952) +. In doing so, Peters was only able to determine that the larva of + +pseudocinereus + +differs from the +type +form in the development of the pecten spines and the spiracular apodeme (“stirrup-shaped piece”). The pecten spines of the former have a broad base and a single denticle as opposed to a narrower base and usually at least two denticles in the +type +form. More striking is the development of the spiracular apodeme, which is much broader with the arms of the U-shaped distal end more widely separated and the narrower arm longer and differently shaped than in + +pseudocinereus + +. As shown for two species of the subgenus + +Culex + +in Central America ( +Strickman 1990 +), the form of the spiracular apodeme is indicative of different species. + + +Collection records indicate that + +nebulosus +sensu stricto + +probably occurs throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Discounting records of subspecies + +pseudocinereus + +in +Nigeria +and +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +, it appears that this form is prevalent in southeastern and southern countries of the continent where it is probably sympatric with the +type +form. This is supported by the occurrence of the adults of both forms in Elizabethville, +Belgian Congo +( +Peters 1955 +), now known as Lubumbashi in +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +, which is located in the southeast of the country adjacent to the border with +Zambia +. + + +Based on the forgoing analysis of morphological and distributional information, it seems highly likely that + +nebulosus + +and + +pseudocinereus + +are separate species; hence, the latter form is herewith formally returned to its original specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culiciomyia +) +pseudocinereus +Theobald, 1901c + + +. + +Culex pseudocinereus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Culex nebulosus + +has a single synonym, + +Cx. nigrochaetae +Theobald, 1901c + +( +♀ +only of +type +series; +type +locality: +Lagos +, +Nigeria +) and + +Cx. pseudocinereus + +has three synonyms, + +Cx. freetownensis +Theobald, 1901c + +( +type +locality: Freetown, +Sierra Leone +), + +Cx. invenustus +Theobald, 1901d + +( +type +locality: Degama, +Rivers State +, +Nigeria +) and + +Pectinopalpus fuscus +Theobald, 1909 + +( +type +locality: Obuasi, +Ashanti Region +, +Ghana +). These four nominal forms are based on superficial descriptions of adults: The +type +specimens of the first three are females and the +type +of + +fuscus + +is a male. Until reared specimens from the +type +localities of these nominal species are available for critical comparative study, they must remain synonyms of their senior synonyms. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6E0A0AFF54FF38FC9A5E83.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6E0A0AFF54FF38FC9A5E83.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a4c645e09f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6E0A0AFF54FF38FC9A5E83.xml @@ -0,0 +1,278 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +weschei +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +gediensis +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex +( +Culex +) +weschei +ssp. +gediensis + +. Distribution: Coastal +Kenya +( +Edwards 1941 +; + +van Someren +et al +. 1955 + +). + + +subspecies + +weschei +Edwards, 1935 + +—original combination: + +Culex weschei + +. Distribution: +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Democratic +Republic of the Congo, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Madagascar +, +Mali +, +Mozambique +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +, +Seychelles +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Togo +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +), +Zimbabwe +( +Jupp 1996 +). + + + + +As is the case of most species of + +Culex + +in the Afrotropical +Region +, knowledge of the morphology and bionomics of + +Cx. weschei + +is very scanty. The adult female and male and the fourth-instar larva of the +type +form are known but they have not been studied in detail. The original description was based on the scaling of the legs and abdomen of adults that distinguished them from the adults of + +Cx. guiarti +Blanchard, 1905 + +. Subspecies + +gediensis + +was described as a form that resembles the +type +form “closely in colouring and in structure of the ♂ terminalia [genitalia], but differs as follows: antenna of +♀ +with only 10 instead of 15 hairs [setae] in each whorl; propleura [antepronota] in both sexes with fewer setae (about +10 in +♂ and about +6 in +♀ +instead of about 20 and 15 respectively); sternopleura [mesokatepisterna] with fewer scales” ( +Edwards 1941 +). The mesokatepisternal scales are numerous in the +type +form, with the upper and lower patches nearly joined ( +Edwards 1941 +). The larva of + +gediensis + +is unknown. It is interesting to note that the larva of the +type +form illustrated as “ + +Culex +sp. + +?” by +Macfie & Ingram (1916) +was recognized as the larva of + +Cx. weschei + +by +Edwards (1941) +, but it was not described until +Hopkins (1952) +included it, along with the illustrations of Macfie & Ingram, in his treatise on the larvae of the + +Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian +Region + +. + + +The +type +form was originally described from +Ghana +(as +Gold Coast +) and has been recorded from a number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Subspecies + +gediensis + +was originally described ( +Edwards 1935 +) and subsequently recorded ( + +van Someren +et al +. 1955 + +) from the coastal fringe of +Kenya +. It has not been found elsewhere and the +type +form has not been recorded from inland areas of +Kenya +, and except for +South Sudan +to the northwest, it has not been recorded from the adjoining countries of +Ethiopia +(north), +Somalia +(northeast), +Tanzania +(south) and +Uganda +(west). In view of its apparent allopatric coastal distribution and the exceptional differences in the vestiture of the antenna, antepronotum and mesokatepisternum compared to the +type +form, we conclude that + +gediensis + +is probably a distinct species and therefore formally afford it specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +gediensis +Edwards, 1941 + + +. + +Culex gediensis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6F0A0BFF54FE51FE405DFC.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6F0A0BFF54FE51FE405DFC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f9c3ccaa7e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA6F0A0BFF54FE51FE405DFC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +vansomereni +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies + +draconis +Ingram & de Meillon, 1927 + +—original combination: + +Culex draconis + +(subspecific status by +Edwards 1941 +). Distribution: +Republic of South Africa +( +Ingram & de Meillon 1927 +). + + +subspecies + +elgonicus +Edwards, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Culex vansomereni +ssp. +elgonicus + +. Distribution: +Ethiopia +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +vansomereni +Edwards, 1926a + +—original combination: + +Culex vansomereni + +. Distribution: +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +Liberia +, +Mozambique +, +Republic of South Africa +, +South Sudan +[but not +Sudan +( + +Simsaa +et al +. + +2021)], +Tanzania +, +Uganda +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). The record of +Lewis (1956) +is from Gilo in +South Sudan +. + + + + +Subspecies + +draconis + +was originally described as a distinct species ( +Ingram & de Meillon 1927 +) and interpreted as a subspecies of + +vansomereni + +by +Edwards (1941) +. This subspecies differs from the +type +form in having a pair of submedian yellow stripes on the posterior half of the scutum and sometimes an ill-defined pair of curved lines of yellow scales on the anterior half. In males, the lateral plates of the phallosome are of a slightly different shape with more numerous denticles, and more importantly, the subapical lobe of the gonocoxite is not divided, seta +g +is larger, as long as seta +f, +and seta +h +is noticeably flattened. Based on information provided by +Jupp (1996) +, it seems likely that the two forms occurs in sympatry in +South Africa +. + + +Subspecies + +elgonicus + +was described by +Edwards (1941) +from a female and +two males +(with dissected genitalia) collected by G. R. L. Hancock (Mattingly 1956) at high elevation ( +6,500 ft. +, about +1,980 m +) on Mt Elgon in +Uganda +. Edwards indicated that + +elgonicus + +resembles the typical form “in nearly all respects” and distinguished it based on differences observed in the male genitalia, including the phallosome with slightly different lateral plates (with a longer and more incurved ventrolateral process and a larger number of marginal denticles), subapical lobe less distinctly divided, seta +d +present, setae +d +and +e +small and slender, seta +f +broader distally and noticeably separated from setae +d +and +e +and seta +g +larger, broader and as long as seta +f +. Catalogers, beginning with + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +, indicate that + +elgonicus + +has been recorded from +Ethiopia +without providing the source of the record. If + +elgonicus + +does in fact occur in +Ethiopia +, then it is more widely distributed and obviously distinguishable from the +type +form. + + +Available evidence suggests that + +Cx. vansomereni + +is a complex of species. +Hopkins (1952) +observed that “The larvae of this species vary very considerably, particularly in the degree of sclerotization of the head and siphon, the siphonal index, and the number of comb-scales. Examination of a long series of specimens from Nairobi (the type-locality of the species), +South Africa +( + +ssp. +draconis +Ingram and de Meillon + +), and various localities in +Uganda +( + +ssp. +vansomereni + +) has shown that though the majority of the specimens from +South Africa +and of those from high elevations in +Uganda +( +6000–7000 ft. +) are of the form with strongly-sclerotized and long siphon, and of those from Nairobi and from low elevations ( +5000 ft. +and below) in +Uganda +of the form with short, weakly-sclerotized siphon, the differences are not constant; in at least one of the +Uganda +localities specimens of both forms and also intermediates have been found breeding in the same pool. According to +Edwards (1941) +, larvae of + +vansomereni +draconis + +are separable by their longer siphon (index about 6), the fact that the “coronet” of the subapical spines on the siphon is divided into dorsal and ventral groups, and by the subventral tufts of the siphon being double and scarcely longer than the diameter of the siphon.” This statement, however, pertains only to larvae, which have not been studied in detail. When other larval features, +e.g. +branching of the dorsal head setae and anal papillae, topographic and distributional data, with indication of sympatry, and particularly differences in structures of the male genitalia are considered, we conclude that the three described forms are likely to be different species; thus, subspecies + +draconis + +and + +elgonicus + +are herewith elevated to specific status: + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +draconis +Ingram & de Meillon, 1927 + + +and + + +Culex +( +Culex +) +elgonicus +Edwards, 1926a + + +. Both nominal forms are currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA710A13FF54FCEDFD3A5AD0.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA710A13FF54FCEDFD3A5AD0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c1b9cbb2682 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA710A13FF54FCEDFD3A5AD0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,608 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +ludlowae +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +ludlowae +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +—original combination: + +Myzomyia ludlowii + +. Distribution: +India +, +Indonesia +, +People’s +Republic of China, +Philippines +, +Singapore +, +Sri Lanka +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +torakala +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1949 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +ludlowi +var. +torakala + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Indonesia +( +Sulawesi +) ( +Stoker & Waktoedi +Koesoemawinangoen 1949). + + + + +Theobald (1903a) +described + +ludlowii + +(also spelled + +ludlowi + +; emendation to + +ludlowae + +by Stone 1957) from a series of +six female +syntypes +from “Luzon, +Philippine Islands +(Miss Ludlow).” Later authors debated whether + +ludlowae + +was a fresh water, blackish water or salt water species. +Ludlow (1914) +further clarified the type locality: “taken by Dr. Graves in the Province of +Abra +, Island of Luzon, on the +Benguet +Road during the construction of that road. The location is definitely inland… there is no sea or blackish water within many miles.” + + + + +Nominotypical + +ludlowae + +can be recognized in the adult female by the following: Maxillary palpus with three white bands, two apparently at the apices of palpomeres 2 and 3 and third at the apex of palpomere 4 continuing onto palpomere 5; wing with four main dark spots (presector, sector, preapical, apical), with an apical pale spot, an accessory sector pale spot on R +1 +(sometimes continuing onto subcosta but not costa), with pale spots and pale fringe at apices of all veins, pale fringe not evident between any of the veins, vein CuA with three dark spots and 1A with two dark spots; legs with distinct speckling, speckles on the hindlegs often extending onto hindtarsomeres 2 and 3, tarsomeres usually banded apically and sometimes basally (specifically described as basal and apical by +Theobald 1903a +); abdomen without obvious scales; aedeagal leaflets about five or six per side with the longest leaflet somewhat serrate and sinuous ( +Russell & Baisas 1936 +). Characteristics of the larva and pupa of the nominal taxon + +ludlowae + +from the +Philippines +were described by +King (1932) +and +Baisas (1936) +, respectively, but observations are not available for comparison to subspecies + +torakala + +. According to +Urbino (1936) +, the egg of + +ludlowae + +does not have floats; the egg of subspecies + +torakala + +has not been documented. Subspecies + +ludlowae + +is not known as a vector of malarial parasites in the +Philippines +( +Basio 1971 +). + + + + +Since there are many species with the overall appearance of the adult female of + +ludlowae +, + +the name was associated with other taxa as a variety or subspecies. There was initial recognition of a “salt water + +ludlowae + +” in the +Philippines +. +King (1932) +determined this to be a separate species (currently +An +. ( +Cel +.) +litoralis +King, 1932 +). +Bonne-Wepster & Swellengrebel (1953) +wrote: “Early writers used the name + +ludlowi + +for the common speckled-legged + +Anopheles +species + +which occurs all over the Sunda Islands, +Malaya +and the Andamans and which in later years was also found in +India +, along the coast in brackish and fresh water. +Rodenwaldt (1925) +noted several important characters in which the species from +Indonesia +differs from that on the +Philippine Islands +and described it as + +ludlowi +var. +sundaica + +.” This +variety was +later elevated to species rank by +Christophers (1933) +. + +Harrison +et al +. (1991) + +reinforced this idea in a rationale for a list of mosquitoes of +Thailand +and nearby countries: “ + +Anopheles +( +Cel +.) + + +ludlowae +(Theobald) + +was listed as doubtful and needing further confirmation. Additional confirmation is not necessary. The old records of ‘ + +ludlowi + +’ by Barnes (1923), +Barraud and Christophers (1931) +and Thurman (1959) were based on misidentified specimens of + +An +. +sundaicus +(Rodenwaldt) + +as noted by Scanlon +et al +. (1968). + +Anopheles ludlowae + +is an insular species, not found on mainland Southeast Asia, and should not be included in the +Thailand +list.” + + +Harbach & Howard (2007) +noted that subspecies + +torakala + +was first published in +1938 in +Dutch but neither they nor we have been able to obtain a copy of the publication. Therefore: “it is not known whether or not the name was originally introduced in 1938” or at what rank/status. Subspecies + +torakala + +is recognized as an important vector of human malarial parasites ( +van Hell 1952 +; +Basio 1971 +). A brief description, with illustrations of the maxillary palpus of both sexes, a wing and a hindleg, was later published in English by +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1949) +as a variety of + +ludlowi + +. The +type +locality, discussed by +Kitzmiller (1982) +, is in +South Sulawesi Province +. No +type +specimens are known. Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen briefly described and illustrated, not only + +torakala +, + +but also + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +ludlowi +( +sensu +Walch & Soesilo 1929 +) + +and + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +ludlowi + +“ +typicus +” (= +sensu +Theobald 1903a +, +i.e. +the nominotypical form). The descriptions are brief and do not provide a differential diagnosis or an explanation about specimens or literature examined, but we surmise the following: + +torakala + +does not have an accessory sector pale spot on the subcosta and the accessory sector pale spot on vein R +1 +is not demarcated by the additional dark mark between it and the sector pale spot (“ +typicus +” has a distinct accessory sector pale spot on the subcosta and R +1 +, with three pale spots on R +1 +below the sector dark); + +torakala + +does not have a pale fringe spot between CuA and 1A (“ +typicus +” has a continuous pale fringe spot from CuA to 1A); in + +torakala + +it is difficult to interpret but it appears that vein R +3 +does not end in a pale fringe spot (“ +typicus +” has a continuous pale fringe spot between the ends of veins R +3 +and R +4+5 +); + +torakala + +has CuA with two dark spots (“ +typicus +” has CuA with three dark spots); + +torakala + +has three dark spots on the subcosta (“ +typicus +” with two dark spots on the subcosta). In addition, judging from the illustrations, we do not see significant differences in banding on the maxillary palpi or the speckling of the legs. + + +From the above, a likely significant character is the pale fringe between CuA and 1A, the presence of which is used in keys to distinguish Indonesian + +ludlowae + +from + +torakala + +, which does not have the spot. In contradiction, this fringe spot is not present on the wing of Philippine + +ludlowae + +( +sensu stricto +). Lee +et al +. (1987) did not distinguish between + +ludlowae + +and + +ludlowae +var. +torakala + +in the Australasian +Region +and combined them in their key, in which they state that there is usually a pale fringe spot between CuA and 1A. Since only the nominotypical form has been characterized in all life stages, no certain comparisons can be made with Indonesian forms, except for one character of the male genitalia. +Bonne-Wepster & Swellengrebel (1953) +compared the aedeagal leaflets of Philippine + +ludlowae + +with the aedeagal leaflets of males from +Sulawesi +(the +Celebes +). Their figure 51 shows that the leaflets of +Celebes +specimens are long and numerous whereas the leaflets of Philippine specimens, as discussed above, have only five or six leaflets on each side, with the longest sinuous or S-shaped. + + +In summary, because of commonly shared characters in this group of species, we think that the concept of + +ludlowae + +from the +Philippines +has been mixed and confused with what probably is a species complex in +Sulawesi +, and elsewhere in +Indonesia +. How to adequately characterize + +torakala + +is not possible without further study, especially utilizing molecular methods. Because of noted differences in the transmission of malarial parasites, the presence of pale fringe between CuA and 1A in + +torakala + +and differences in the form of aedeagal leaflets, we think these are probably separate species, and therefore elevate + +torakala + +to species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +torakala +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1949 + + +. + +Anopheles torakala + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Three names ( +formosaensis +, + +hatorii + +, +cabrerai +) are currently in synonymy with + +ludlowae + +/ + +torakala + +. Since those nominal species do not occur in the geographical range of + +An +. +torakala + +, we believe all three are synonyms of + +An +. +ludlowae + +. + +Anopheles ludlowii +var. +formosaensis +Koidzumi, 1917 + +was preoccupied and replaced by + +An +. +hatorii +Koidzumi, 1920 + +, as explained by +Yamada (1925) +: “ +Koidzumi (1917) +pointed out, however, the Formosan form differs slightly from + +ludlowii + +and placed the former as a variety of the latter, giving it a name, + +Anopheles ludlowii +var. +formosensis + +. After that, +Koidzumi (1920) +leaned to separate the Formosan form specifically from + +ludlowii + +and gave it provisionally another name + +A +. +hatorii + +nov. sp. +(?) replacing +formosensis +preoccupied. But the provisional name was lately made valid by the author (1924). It was, however, placed again as a synonym of + +ludlowii + +by +Christophers (1924) +.” + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +ludlowae +ssp. +cabrerai +Cagampang-Ramos & +Darsie, 1969 + +(in +Darsie & Cagampang-Ramos 1969 +) was described in comparison with + +ludlowae + +as having three dark spots on vein 1A instead of two. The authors ( +Darsie & Cagampang-Ramos 1977 +) later determined that this single character was variable and recognized +cabrerai +as a synonym of + +ludlowae +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA750A1FFF54FA41FC9A5AFC.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA750A1FFF54FA41FC9A5AFC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..96fc07f87d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA750A1FFF54FA41FC9A5AFC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,620 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +rufipes +(Gough) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +broussesi +Edwards, 1929a + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +broussesi + +(subspecific status by +Rioux +1961). Distribution: +Algeria +, +Burkina Faso +, +Chad +, +Egypt +, +Ghana +, +Libya +, +Mali +, +Niger +, + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. + + +subspecies + +rufipes +( +Gough, 1910 +) + +—original combination: + +Nyssorhynchus pretoriensis +var. +rufipes + +(specific status by +Edwards +1912c). Distribution: +Algeria +, +Angola +, +Benin +, +Botswana +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Chad +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Eritrea +, +Eswatini +, +Ethiopia +, +Gabon +, +Gambia +, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Guinea-Bissau +, +Kenya +, +Madagascar +, +Malawi +, +Mali +, +Mauritania +, +Mozambique +, +Namibia +, +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Senegal +, +Seychelles +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Togo +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The taxa discussed here have very similar larval, pupal and male genitalic characters. Most are illustrated or discussed in +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +. The adult females are distinguished from other species of the subgenus + +Cellia + +by the following combination of characters: Lack of shaggy palpus; uniformly brownish leg coloration; various extent of white banding on the hindtarsomeres; medium to broad pale scutal scales either in a regular pattern or grading to evenly distributed; usually with 6 distinct pale wing spots and pale fringe spots at the ends of all veins except the anal vein; abdomen uniformly without scales; gonocoxite of male with 4 parabasal setae and aedeagus with several pairs of unmodified leaflets; larval setae 2,3-C long with sparse branches; blades of palmate setae with very short stumpy filaments, the setae resembling blunt-looking fans. + + +Gough (1910) +described + +rufipes + +as a variety of + +Nyssorhynchus pretoriensis +Theobald, 1903a + +(not + +pretoriensis +Gough, 1910 + +, a synonym of + +An. squamosus +Theobald, 1901a + +) from collections made in Onderstepoort, Transvaal, +Republic of South Africa +. Gough’s description is brief but he noted that + +variety +rufipes + +has “uniformly ruddy brown” legs, quite different from + +pretoriensis + +, which has speckled femora and tibiae. Other distinctive adult and larval characters that separate + +pretoriensis + +from + +rufipes + +are also evident. Without comment, in a key, +Edwards (1912c) +recognized + +rufipes + +as a species and also placed + +An. watsoni +Edwards, 1911a + +, from Katagumm Northern Provinces, +Nigeria +, in synonymy with it. + + +Edwards (1929a) +described + +broussesi + +from “Djanet, the most southerly post in the Algerian Sahara… on the southern extremity of the Tasili n Ajjer [ +sic +] mountains.” +Djanet +is the capital of +Djanet Province +, an oasis city in a hot desert climate in southeastern +Algeria +. +The +adult female has a combination of distinguishing characters: “Palpi of +♀ +slender, dark, with three very narrow white rings on joints, last segment almost entirely dark…”; scutum with well-defined lines of supraalar, dorsocentral and acrostichal scales; vein + +R +4 + ++5 mostly dark with a pair of small subbasal pale spots (illustrated but not noted by Edwards); legs with “extremely faint pale rings present at tips of first four segments [tarsomeres 1–4] of hind tarsi; last hind tarsal segment [tarsomere 5] in several specimens entirely cream-coloured, but in others apparently dark like remainder of tarsi.” + + +Evans (1938) +described the nominotypical form in detail but did not compare it with + +broussesi + +. She did, however, recognize + +rufipes +var. +ingrami +Edwards, 1929b + +, a current synonym of + +ssp. +broussesi + +, as listed by +Harbach (2018) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +or as + +ssp. +rufipes + +per +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +. Evans noted several features that can be contrasted with Edwards’s (1929a) characters for + +broussesi + +: Female palpus with 3 pale bands, the first 2 broad; scutum nearly evenly covered with somewhat broad pale scales; vein R +4+5 +with a single small subbasal pale spot and long median pale spot (illustrated but not noted by Evans); hindtarsomere 2 pale on apical 0.4 and on all of tarsomeres 3–5; larval seta 2-C single or with fine aciculae. + + +De Meillon (1947) +treated + +An. rufipes + +and + +An +. +rufipes +var. +ingrami + +in keys, descriptions and illustrations, but did not mention + +broussesi + +, perhaps because he considered it to be a Saharan taxon. +Senevet & Andarelli (1956) +, in a treatise on species of North Africa and the Mediterranean basin, used Edwards’s (1929a) characters and illustration of the wing, and considered + +broussesi + +to be a species. It is to be noted that + +broussesi + +and + +rufipes + +both were listed as separate species in + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +. + + +Rioux (1961) +discussed geographic distribution, variation in the extent of hindtarsal pale scaling, and the extent and distribution of pale scutal scales, to determine that + +rufipes + +consisted of three subspecies: + +An +. +rufipes rufipes + +, + +An +. +rufipes broussesi + +and + +An +. +rufipes seneveti +Rioux, 1959 + +. This was the first time + +broussesi + +was considered as a subspecies of + +rufipes + +. The taxonomic treatment of +Gillies & Coetzee (1987) +and catalog listings ( +Knight & Stone 1977 +; +White 1980 +; +Harbach 2018 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) followed the recognition of + +rufipes rufipes + +and + +rufipes +broussesi + +. + +Hamon +et al +. (1961) + +named a new variety, + +An +. +rufipes +var. +brucechwatti + +, and also recognized + +An +. +broussesi + +as a species and + +An +. +rufipes + +as a species with varieties + +ingrami + +and +seneveti +. +Dubose & Curtin (1965) +, who stated they used the collection of the +U. S. +National Museum extensively, presumably with Alan Stone’s input, retained + +broussesi + +as a species. Variety +seneveti +was later placed in synonymy with + +An +. +rufipes broussesi + +by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +, as was +brucechwatti +. We note that the illustration of the wing of +seneveti +differs from illustrated wings of the other nominal forms in having a nearly entirely pale-scaled vein CuA, suggesting its possible validity. +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +recognized only + +An. rufipes rufipes + +and + +An +. +rufipes broussesi + +and included + +ingrami + +as a synonym of subspecies + +rufipes + +and not + +broussesi + +as indicated by +Harbach (2018) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +. We do not know the source of this placement, or which is correct. + + + +Ribeiro & da +Cunha +Ramos (1975) + +also recognized subspecies + +rufipes rufipes + +and + +rufipes +broussesi +. + +They stated: “ + +A. rufipes rufipes + +is a widespread subspecies of African savannas, while + +A. rufipes broussesi + +is restricted to the western portion of the Northern Savanna of Moreau.” + +Julvez +et al +. (1998) + +reported that subspecies + +rufipes rufipes + +and + +rufipes +broussesi + +are sympatric in +Chad +. + + +We believe that the above provides evidence of two species, + +rufipes + +and + +broussesi + +. + +Anopheles rufipes + +is a variable, widespread Afrotropical species, or species complex, and + +An +. +broussesi + +is a hot-dry climate Saharan and Mediterranean species. The observed variability, mostly in the pattern of palpal and hindtarsal pale scales, has been expressed by authors using varietal or subspecies names, which have been used over time in many different combinations. We see no empirical evidence of genetic independence other than between these two species, and therefore return + +broussesi + +to species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +broussesi +Edwards, 1929a + + +. + +Anopheles broussesi + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA760A11FF54FCC9FCFD5F98.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA760A11FF54FCC9FCFD5F98.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8ad14999f1b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA760A11FF54FCC9FCFD5F98.xml @@ -0,0 +1,457 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +rhodesiensis +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +rhodesiensis +Theobald, 1901a + +—original combination: + +Anopheles rhodesiensis + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Botswana +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Chad +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Djibouti +, +Eritrea +, +Eswatini +, +Ethiopia +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Kenya +, +Malawi +, +Mali +, +Mauritania +, +Morocco +, +Mozambique +, +Namibia +, +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Senegal +, +Seychelles +, +Sierra +Leone, +Somalia +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +rupicolus +Lewis, 1937 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +rupicolus + +(subspecific status by +Mattingly +& Knight 1956). Distribution: +Algeria +, +Chad +, +Egypt +, +Eritrea +, +Ethiopia +, +Jordan +, +Lebanon +, +Morocco +, +Niger +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Sudan +, +Syria +, +Yemen +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The nominotypical subspecies was described from +Mashonaland +, British Central Africa, now in northern +Zimbabwe +. +Theobald (1901a) +noted that the species had been sent “in numbers” from “Central Africa”. It has since been documented throughout the Afrotropical Region ( + +Kyalo +et al. +2017 + +; + +Irish +et al. +2020 + +, who treated all records as + +rhodesiensis + +). Theobald provided a color illustration of the habitus of the adult female ( +Theobald 1901a +[plates]: fig. 14, pl. IV), which matches the verbal description. Of note were: Head scales erect, dark laterally, pale on occiput and frontal tuft; scutum reddish brown with a dorsocentral ash-gray stripe; maxillary palpus with three narrow pale bands, one near apex of palpomere 2, one between palpomeres 3 and 4 and one encompassing most of palpomere 5; wing with distinct pale spots on the costa and vein R +1 +as follows, sector pale (on R +1 +only, illustrated by others on both veins), subcostal pale, preapical pale and apical pale spots (as defined by +Wilkerson & Peyton 1990 +); legs entirely dark brown; abdomen brown with basal and median light brownish yellow mottling. These characters have been used in most keys to identify + +rhodesiensis + +, +e.g. +de Meillon (1947) +, +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +and +Gillies & Coetzee (1987) +. Characters of the adult, larva, pupa and male genitalia are well documented and illustrated in the three publications. According to +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +, larvae are found in a variety of habitats, including “rock pools, stream beds, seepages with little shade, margins of streams, springs and pools, ditches and hoof-prints, artificial containers such as concrete tanks and swimming-baths, whether in exposed water or in shade.” Females are not known to feed on humans or to be a factor in malaria transmission ( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +). + + +Subspecies + +rupicolus + +was described from Gebel Moya near Sennar, +Blue Nile Province +, southeastern +Sudan +. +Lewis (1937) +remarked that the species had almost all dark wings resembling some species of the subgenus + +Anopheles +. + +The color of the head scales was described as like those of subspecies + +rhodesiensis + +, with dark scales on the back of the occiput, white scales on the vertex and a conspicuous white vertical frontal tuft. The maxillary palpus and legs were described as all dark and the wing as having variably faint to absent sector pale, subcostal pale and preapical pale spots on the costa and/or vein R +1 +. Specimens were collected from a metal tank but most from a deep cleft in a rock. Lewis stated: “The wing markings and characters of the pharyngeal armature [cibarial armature] and male hypopygium [genitalia] indicate that the species is allied to + +A +. +rhodesiensis +Theo. It + +differs from the latter in having 37 teeth on the mandible which is expanded at the tip, dark palpi with a higher index [length in relation to proboscis length], very faint pale marks, less than four, on the costa, no pale area on the basal third of the first longitudinal vein [R +1 +], and in the larva the clypeal hairs [setae 2,3-C] usually simple [single]. The mandible of + +A +. +rhodesiensis + +is not expanded at the end and has 80 teeth (Christophers [& Puri] 1931).” No apical pale spot was noted. +De Meillon (1947) +provided full descriptions of both subspecies (as species), and included illustrations showing contrasting wing spot characters and allopatric distributions ( + +rupicolus +Saharan + +, + +rhodesiensis +Afrotropical + +), but then noted after the description of + +rupicolus + +: “It is questionable if this species is distinct from + +rhodesiensis + +. The adult is paler, the wings and palps [maxillary palpi] with less distinct pale making but otherwise there is little to separate them. The larvae and pupae, when considering the range of variation seen in + +rhodesiensis + +, appear to be inseparable from that species.” +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +cited +de Meillon’s (1947) +note and agreed that they too doubted the two were distinct species and provisionally preferred to treat them as subspecies. In addition, they mentioned that Lewis agreed with them. The logic and utility of this decision is not clear. However, the two nominal taxa have been treated as subspecies since that time ( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +; +Gillies & Coetzee 1987 +; +Knight & Stone 1977 +; +Harbach 2018 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +included the two nominal taxa in their key to adult females but they are combined in the larval key as + +rhodesiensis + +. They stated that + +rupicolus + +“is not separable from the nominate form.” + + +An important indicator of separate species status is evidence of sympatry. + +Kyalo +et al +. (2017) + +did a comprehensive review of literature records of all + +Anopheles + +in the Afrotropical Region. Their dataset ( +Snow 2017 +) was used by David Pecor (Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit) to map + +rhodesiensis + +and + +rupicolus + +. This allowed visualization of numerous instances of co-occurrence and overlapping ranges of the two nominal taxa. Also, +Verrone (1962) +, in a paper not indexed by + +Kyalo +et al. +(2017) + +, recorded both subspecies in close proximity in +Ethiopia +. The accuracy of these records is enhanced by an illustrated key to adult females clearly showing the diagnostic characters discussed above. + + +The above nominal taxa have been closely associated since the description of + +rupicolus + +. All stages are very similar, except for diagnostic differences in the adult female (wing with an apical pale spot, banded proboscis and many fewer mandibular teeth in + +rhodesiensis + +). The assumption was made that differences in adult characters were due to clinal variation related to hotter temperatures in the Saharan taxon + +rupicolus + +. However, we can find no published evidence of clinal variation, and it is apparent the two forms are sympatric. This obviates the assumption of subspecific status. We therefore believe they are two genetically distinct species and formally reinstate + +rupicolus + +to its original specific status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +rupicolus +Lewis, 1937 + + +. + +Anopheles rupicolus + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + +Anopheles rupicolus + +currently has two synonyms, which we retain: + +An. aegypti +Salem, 1938 + +( +type +locality: Wadi Taba, +Sinai +, +Egypt +) and + +An. rhodesiensis +var. +dthalisimilis +Corradetti, 1939 + +( +type +locality: Semien District, +Ethiopia +). Both were treated as questionable synonyms by +Edwards (1941) +, which leaves some doubt about their status and lays open the possible existence of a species complex. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA770A12FF54FE89FC745910.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA770A12FF54FE89FC745910.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6b8d7236d80 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA770A12FF54FE89FC745910.xml @@ -0,0 +1,546 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +moucheti +Evans + + + + + + + +subspecies + +moucheti +Evans, 1925b + +—original combination: + +Anopheles marshalli +var. +moucheti + +(specific status by +Evans 1931 +). Distribution: +Burundi +, +Central African Republic +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Equatorial Guinea +, +Gabon +, +Ghana +, +Kenya +, +Republic of the Congo +, +Rwanda +, +Sierra Leone +, +South Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. + +2021, +Cameroon +, +Guinea +and +Nigeria +are excluded). + + +subspecies + +nigeriensis +Evans, 1931 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles moucheti +var. +nigeriensis + +. Distribution: +Cameroon +, +Guinea +, +Niger +, + +Nigeria ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +) + +. + + + + + +Anopheles moucheti + +was originally described as a variety of + +An. marshallii +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +and elevated to species status by +Evans (1931) +. The taxon was described from a series of adult males and females from the +Belgium Congo +, present-day +Democratic Republic of the Congo +. The +holotype +male was collected at Buta, which today is a city and capital of Bas-Uiele Province located in the northern area of the country. When Evans recognized + +moucheti + +as a distinct species, she also described + +nigeriensis + +as a variety of the species based on a series of +syntypes +(“co-types”), including +one male +and +two females +with associated larval and pupal exuviae, collected at Yaba, a suburb of +Lagos +, +Lagos State +in southern +Nigeria +. Townson (1990) verified the presence of +nine syntypes +in the Natural History Museum, London— +two females +from Yaba, and +two males +, +two females +and +three larvae +from near +Lagos +. + + +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +and +Gillies & Coetzee (1987) +did not distinguish the adults of + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +nigeriensis + +in their keys to the + +Anopheles + +of the Afrotropical +Region +; however, they did distinguish the larvae based on the development of head seta 3-C—with three or more branches in + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and single, occasionally bifid in + +nigeriensis + +. The complete chaetotaxy of the larvae, and also the pupae, has not been 8studied comparatively. +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +specified that + +nigeriensis + +“Differs from the nominate subspecies only in the following characters: +Pharynx +[cibarium]: Spines on pediment of cone apparently rather longer. +Wing: +In a series of specimens from +Lagos +, reared from eggs and with associated larvae from the same eggbatch (C. D. Ramsdale), a 6th pale fringe spot is present in 4 out of +5 females +. +Outer clypeal hairs +[seta 3C]: Simple or bifid apically. We have not been able to confirm Evans’s description of the mesonotal hairs as being narrower than in the +type +form.” + + +The taxonomic history of + +An. moucheti + +(Moucheti Complex, + +Brunhes +et al +. 1998 + +b) involves the closely related + +An. bervoetsi +D’Haenens, 1961 + +, which was originally described as a subspecies of + +moucheti + +. It was afforded specific status by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +based on distinctive features of the larva, and returned to subspecific status by + +Brunhes +et al +. (1998 + +b), who also considered + +nigeriensis + +to be a synonym of + +moucheti + +: “All of these [published] observations lead us, at least while awaiting new information, to consider + +An. moucheti + +as a polymorphic species and + +An. moucheti nigeriensis + +as a synonym of + +An. moucheti +Evans, 1925 + +[translated from the French].” In agreement with Gillies & de Meillon, + +bervoetsi + +was reinstated as a separate species by + +Antonio-Nkondjio +et al +. (2008) + +based on high levels of differentiation between 10 microsatellite loci of non-coding DNA. + + + +Kengne +et al +. (2007) + +investigated the use of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase b ( +CytB +) gene and the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 to distinguish + +bervoetsi + +, + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +nigeriensis + +, which were recognized as subspecies of + +moucheti + +at the time. The results of their study suggested that + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +occurs in the forested areas of central Africa while + +bervoetsi + +and + +nigeriensis + +are only found in areas of +the Democratic Republic of the Congo +and +Nigeria +, which encompass their +type +localities, respectively. For ITS1, the mean genetic distance was found to be greater between + +nigeriensis + +and + +bervoetsi + +(0.166) than between + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +bervoetsi + +(0.141), and lower between + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +nigeriensis + +(0.084). The authors stated that “This degree of differentiation between morphological forms is relatively high, indicating significant genetic divergence among the three taxa, which is comparable with that among species.” In comparison, the ITS2 sequences exhibited a lower degree of divergence, ranging from 0.03 between + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +nigeriensis + +to 0.063 between + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +bervoetsi + +. Sequence differences included 30 fixed indel or substitutions between + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +bervoetsi + +, 29 between + +nigeriensis + +and + +bervoetsi + +, and 16 between + +moucheti +sensu stricto + +and + +nigeriensis + +. For the +CytB +gene, 26 fixed differences in the first codon position were identified among the three forms. The +CytB +gene sequences, in agreement with the ITS2 sequences, showed consistent but low divergence of +0.035 +–0.047 +between the three forms. The authors concluded that “The concordance of genetic variability of the three markers and the lack of intraspecific geographical variation suggests that the three members of the group are true species.” In summary they stated that “The three genomic regions revealed sequence differences between the three morphological forms similar in degree to the differences shown previously for members of other anopheline species groups or complexes (genetic distance d = 0.047–0.05 for +CytB +, +0.084 +–0.166 +for ITS1 and 0.03–0.05 for ITS2).” In view of the genetic evidence, we are suprised that Kengne +et al +. did not formally elevate + +nigeriensis + +to specific rank. But having said that, the taxonomic status of + +nigeriensis + +was not relevant to the objective of their study, which was to elucidate molecular means for distinguishing and identifying the three nominal forms. + + +Despite the available morphological, molecular and distribution data, + +nigeriensis + +continued to be recognized as a subspecies ( +Harbach 2018 +; +Coetzee 2020 +; + +Irish +et al +. 2020 + +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). In fact, + +nigeriensis + +as a separate entity has largely been ignored, +e.g. +, in the recent list of countries in which Afrotropical species of + +Anopheles + +have been recorded ( + +Irish +et al +. 2020 + +), the authors stated “As + +An. nigeriensis + +refers to a subspecies of + +An. moucheti + +, it is not included here.” + + +In view of the morphological, distributional and in particular the molecular distinctions detailed above, we are compelled to formally recognize + +nigeriensis + +as a separate species of the Moucheti Complex: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +nigeriensis +Evans, 1931 + + +. + +Anopheles nigeriensis + +is not currently included as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life and should be added to the list of species of the genus. As currently understood, the Moucheti Complex includes three species, + +bervoetsi +D’Haenens + +, + +moucheti +Evans + +and + +nigeriensis +Evans. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA790A1AFF54FD66FE745910.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA790A1AFF54FD66FE745910.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..48b1c48a3d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA790A1AFF54FD66FE745910.xml @@ -0,0 +1,871 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +tessellatus +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +kalawara +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1949 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +tessellatus +var. +kalawara + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Indonesia +[ +Celebes += +Sulawesi +] ( +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen 1949 +; +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen 1954 +). + + +subspecies + +orientalis +( +Swellengrebel & Swellengrebel de Graaf, 1920 +) + +—original combination: + +Neomyzomyia punctulata +var. +orientalis + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Indonesia +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +tessellatus +Theobald, 1901a + +[often misspelled + +tesselatus + +]—original combination: + +Anopheles tessellatus + +[first published in error as + +Anopheles punctulatus + +D̂nitz, see below]. Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +Bhutan +, +Cambodia +, +Guam +, +India +, +Indonesia +, +Laos +, +Malaysia +, +Maldives +, +Myanmar +, +Nepal +, +Papua New Guinea +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Philippines +, +Solomon Islands +, +Sri Lanka +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +, Timor, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + + +Bourke +et al. +(2021) + +analyzed +COI +sequences from populations of + +An. tessellatus +sensu lato + +from +Sri Lanka +, Southeast Asia, +Indonesia +to the +Philippines +and identified six genetically diverse OTUs (operational taxonomic units), which they called the Tessellatus Complex (Tessellatus Group of + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. 2006b + +). The complex currently consists of the nominotypical + +tessellatus + +and subspecies + +kalawara + +and + +orientalis + +, with six associated synonyms. + + +The nominotypical form was first described from a single female from Taipang [= Taiping], +Perak +, +Malaya +[ +Malaysia +]. +Townsend (1990) +documented the presence of the +holotype +in the Natural History Museum, London. Theobald originally described the species as + +Anopheles punctulatus + +D̂nitz, to which he gave the manuscript name + +tessellatus + +. He incorrectly believed that + +tessellatus + +was the same as + +punctulatus + +D̂nitz, 1901. However, + +punctulatus + +is a different allopatric species found in the Australian Region. +Stanton (1913) +recounted the history as follows: “The species here referred to under the name + +tessellatus + +was first described by Theobald from specimens taken in +Malaya +. In his manuscript he gave it the name + +Anopheles tessellatum + +, but before publication, having seen D̂nitz’ description of his + +Anopheles punctulatus + +, he considered the two to be identical and used his description as that of + +Anopheles punctulatus + +, D̂nitz. In a later volume of his monograph (iii, p. 55) Theobald states that, as pointed out by D̂nitz, + +tessellatus + +is distinct from + +punctulatus + +; the former species he includes in the genus + +Myzomyia + +and the latter in the genus + +Cellia + +—to this opinion he adheres in his volumes iii and iv. In volume v I can find no reference to + +tessellatus + +, but + +punctulatus + +is again referred to under the genus + +Cellia + +.” Some confusion persisted as various authors continued to use + +punctulatus + +instead of + +tessellatus + +. + +Theobald’s description is accompanied by illustrations of the scutum, wing, hindtibia and hindtarsomeres. There is also a color drawing of the adult female in a separate accompanying volume (plates). Selected characters from the original description follow. + + +[Diagnosis] Thorax brown with frosty-grey tomentum, two dark spots in front and another near the scutellum; abdomen almost black with golden hairs [setae]; costa yellow, with four large and four small black spots, wing field with very numerous dark spots. Legs yellow with dusky scales, banded; [Theobald used “metatarsis” for what is now tarsomere 1 and his “tarsus” refers to tarsomeres 2–5] fore tarsi apically and basally pale banded; mid and hind tarsi apically pale banded only. + +♀ +. Head black, with white scales in front, black scales behind and at the top; eyes black... proboscis yellow with black scales towards the base and a small dark ring near the apex; palpi black scaled at the base, then a small ring of white scales, then a broad ring of black, the remainder white, with two small rings of black; the apical joint yellowish. + +Thorax... scutellum dusky towards the middle.... +Abdomen dark brown, almost black, with golden hairs. +[Next paragraph omitted here.] +Halteres pure white. +Anterior legs with the femora much swollen, yellow with dusky scales, showing more or less banding; tibiae yellow, with dark scales scattered about [speckled]; metatarsus [tarsomere 1] dark scaled at the base, white at the apex, and with several white bands towards the apex; first three tarsal joints apically and basally banded white, last apically white only; the femora and the tibiae of the mid legs as in the fore ones; metatarsus mostly black scaled, the apex banded yellow; tarsi [tarsomeres 2–5] all apically yellow banded; hind legs with the tibiae more or less banded; metatarsus very long and banded, the apex white; and the tarsi apically whitish-yellow. + +The wing has the full complement of costal spots as defined by +Wilkerson & Peyton (1990) +. Of possible key character significance, the accessory sector pale spot is present on the costa and all of the posterior veins end in pale fringe spots. The accessory sector pale spot is not present on the costa in depictions of + +tessellatus + +from +Indonesia +( +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen 1949 +) or +Taiwan +( + +Tanaka +et al. +1979 + +). + +In Theobald’s original description of the proboscis—“yellow with black scales towards the base and a small dark ring near the apex”—differs somewhat from subsequent descriptions which indicate that the apical third to half of the proboscis is distinctly pale. + +The following are distinguishing characters of adult females and larvae summarized from +Reid (1968 +, +Malaysia +and Borneo) and + +Rattanarithikul +et al. +(2006b + +, +Thailand +). + + +Adult. Proboscis with pale scales on apical half; maxillary palpus with four pale bands; antepronotum without scales; upper proepisternal seta present; tibio-tarsal articulation with a narrow, white band; femora and tibiae speckled; hindtarsomeres 3–5 mostly dark but with narrow apical pale bands [ +Reid 1968 +]; hindtarsomeres 1–4 with narrow apical pale bands [ + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. 2006b + +]; abdominal sterna without tufts of black scales. + +Larva. Seta 2-C not closely approximated, distance between their bases about 1.5–2.0 times distance between bases of 2-C and 3-C; seta 3-C slender, at least apically without branches or aciculae; seta 1-P reduced, 2–5- branched, arising from small, lightly pigmented basal tubercle not attached to tubercle of seta 2-P; setae 9,10-P and 9,10-M all single, not aciculate; abdominal seta 1-II not palmate, with filamentous branches; abdominal tergal plates on segments IV–VII small, not as wide as the distance between the bases of each pair of palmate setae, small tergal plates not enclosing small median posterior plates. + + + +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1949) +are currently credited with naming subspecies + +kalawara + +, as + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +tesselatus + + +( +sic +) var. +kalawara + +. They stated: “This illustrated map of the Anopheline Imagines [adults] of +Indonesia +is a corrected and supplemented edition (English translation of the Indonesian text) of the „Kaart [ +sic +] en determinatietabel der Anophelinen in Ned. Oost Indie” (edition Public Health Service, section malariacontrol [ +sic +] 1938).” We have not seen the original 1939 publication, and we do not know, as +Harbach & Howard (2007) +noted, what status was intended for + +kalawara + +(infrasubspecific or other). Two articles are mentioned in the translation that we have not seen but which could shed light on the question. The translation of +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1949) +does not indicate that + +kalawara + +was intended to be a new variety, but the name was distinctly listed as a variety of + +tessellatus + +. It is noteworthy that Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen placed “( +Brug 1938 +)” directly after the name + +kalawara + +in their key to the + +Anopheles + +of subgenus “ + +Myzomyia + +” in +Indonesia +. This appears to be an indication of prior taxonomic treatment rather than an indication of taxon authorship, which is further indicated by citations of non-authors that follow many other species names in the key. + + +Apparently, +Brug (1938) +was the source of the only differential character used in the putative 1949 original description. He did not mention the name + +kalawara + +, but described a palpal difference later used by +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1949) +to distinguish + +kalawara + +and + +tessellatus +: Presence + +of pale scales dorsally on palpomeres 2 and +3 in + +tessellatus + +, all dark dorsal scaling on those palpomeres in + +tessellatus +var. +kalawara + +—“In +nine females +, bred from larvae collected at Kalawara” (see below). +Brug (1938) +referred to these morphotypes as + +tesselatus + +[ +sic +] “normaal” and + +tesselatus + +“abnormaal”. Presumably, “abnormaal” corresponded to + +variety +kalawara + +. + + +We translated +Brug (1938) +and report here a type-written, annotated, anonymous translation included with our copy of +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1954) +. That translation and ours closely agree. In summary, the scattered pale scales supposedly found dorsally on palpomeres 2 and 3 of + +tessellatus + +versus no pale scales on those palpomeres of + +kalawara + +, are either variable and/or other concordant characters have not yet been noted. + + +The anonymous translator: “Here is the text on which Waktoedi based + +Anopheles tesselatus + +[ +sic +], the +variety name + +kalawara + +.” And, “He just uses the village name, even in the key there is no differentiation from the other variety [ + +orientalis + +] or the +type +either [ + +tessellatus + +].” + + +Translation of +Brug (1938) +[figure numbers as in original]: + + +Introduction. “In the investigation of the transmitters of + +Filaria malayi + +in Kalawara (this magazine, 1937, LXXVII, 1462) and of + +Filaria bancroffi + +at Kabaena 1) (the results will be published in the Med. D.V.G., 1938) showed some aberrant Anophelines found, which will be described in more detail below.” + + +Description of + +An. tesselatus + +[ +sic +]. “The palps [maxillary palpi] of the female usually show, viewed from above, in addition to four light bands, two light spots, one located between the basal band pair [middle of palpomere 2] and the other between base and first band [middle of palpomere 1] (fig. 4a). In +nine females +bred from larvae collected at Kalawara, these spots were missing and the decoration of the palps therefore consisted exclusively of four pale bands (fig. 4b). Only +one female +showed the [extra] spots. The hypopygia [genitalia] of the males, bred from the same brood, showed no difference from those of males from other regions van den [from the] Archipelago, where, as far as our collection showed, the female palps as shown in Fig. 4a. However, there was some [some had a] peculiar nodule on the grasping pincers [gonostyli] (fig. 3), but this was far from constant, sometimes only present on [one] the side. +Barraud (1934 +, p. 318) describes the same deviation too, occurring inconstantly, in + +Armigeres kuchingensis + +and + +A +. +obturbans + +).” + + + +Variety +kalawara + +was listed as such in catalogs by + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +and +Knight & Stone (1977) +, but it was excluded from keys to Indonesian anophelines by +O’Connor & Soepanto (1979) +due to lack of distributional data and specimens. In compliance with Article 45.6.4 of the +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +, + +kalawara + +was raised to subspecific rank by +Harbach & Howard (2007) +because the original designation did not provide any indication that the name was intended for an infrasubspecific form. To our knowledge, + +kalawara + +was not explicitly designated as the name of a new taxon, it is based on a single apparently variable character and +type +specimens do not exist. Until further information might come to light, we believe + + +kalawara +Stoker & Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen, 1949 + +should be formally treated as a +nomen dubium + +. “ + +Anopheles kalawara + +” should be removed from the list of + +Anopheles +species + +recorded in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + +Swellengrebel & Swellengrebel de Graaf (1920) +described + +orientalis + +as a variety of + +An +. +punctulatus + +(see explanation of the name + +punctulatus + +above) from northern +Celebes +[ +Sulawesi +], +Moluccas +and eastern +Java +. Without explanation, +Bonne-Wepster & Swellengrebel (1953) +cited the +type +locality as Paleleh, +Celebes +[a village in +Central Sulawesi Province +]. The original description follows [figure numbers as in the original]: “This variety is founded on larval characters only, the adult not differing from the +type +, [ +sic +] Here follow the distinctive character [ +sic +]: 1). The leaflets of the fans [palmate setae] are very slender, not serrate and show pigmentation up to the apex ([pl. 2,] fig. 4). 2). There is no fanshaped [ +sic +] hair [seta] on the 2 +nd +abdominal segment but only a small cocade [ +sic +; Dutch word veder should instead have been translated as feather] ([pl. 2,] fig. 5).” + + +The character of the palmate setae (seta 1) on abdominal segments III–VII with smooth or very slightly serrate margins has been used to distinguish + +orientalis + +in +Indonesia +from the “ +type +” form of + +tessellatus + +by +Bonne-Wepster & Swellengrebel (1953) +, +Waktoedi Koesoemawinangoen (1954) +and +Reid (1968) +. However, specimens of nominal + +tessellatus + +in the +Philippines +( +Baisas & Dowell 1967 +) and +Taiwan +( + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +) were also found to have smooth or slightly serrate margins. The leaflets in Taiwanese larvae appear a bit different in that they are “rather broad, transparent, usually simple...”. + + +There seem to be multiple character states related to the form of the leaflets of palmate setae in the Tessellatus Complex. Subspecies + +orientalis + +has no known +type +material and only an uncorroborated +type +locality. Larvae characteristically have the leaflets of palmate setae without serration and adults may or may not have dorsal pale scales on palpomeres 2 and 3. + + +Subspecies + +orientalis + +occurs in an area where + +Bourke +et al +. (2021) + +identified two sympatric OTUs in their molecular study. It is not possible, however, without further study, to determine if one of those refers to + +orientalis + +. For now, we think that the name + + +orientalis +Swellengrebel & Swellengrebel de Graaf, 1920 + +should be considered a +species inquirenda +, + +i.e. +a “species of doubtful identity requiring further investigation” (Glossary, + +International Code of +Zoological Nomenclature + +, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999). “ + +Anopheles orientalis + +”, currently recognized as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, should be removed from the list of + +Anopheles +species + +until its taxonomic status is resolved. + + +The nominotypical subspecies currently has six synonyms ( +type +localities from + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +): + +Anopheles formosae +Hatori, 1901 + +( +type +locality: Taihoku, Kielun and Tansui, Formosa [ +Taiwan +]); + +Anopheles deceptor + +D̂nitz, 1902 ( +type +locality: +Sumatra +[ +Indonesia +]); + +Myzomyia thorntonii +Ludlow, 1904a + +( +type +locality: Cottabato [ +Cotabato +], Mindanao, +Philippines +); + +Dactylomyia ceylonica +Newstead & Carter, 1910 + +( +type +locality: Trincomalee, +Ceylon +[ +Sri Lanka +]); + +Anopheles kinoshitai +Koidzumi, 1917 + +( +type +locality: Ryukokosho, Taihoku ( +Taipei +), Formosa [ +Taiwan +]); + +Anopheles taiwanensis +Koidzumi, 1917 + +( +type +locality: Garden of Central Institute, Formosan government and Banshoryo, Ako Prefecture, Formosa [ +Taiwan +]). + + +It is not yet known what differential characters might be associated with the component taxa of the Tessellatus Complex. We should therefore be mindful that published keys and descriptions were sometimes based on characters of specimens from throughout the range of what was assumed to be a single species. For examples see +Peyton & Scanlon (1966) +, +Baisas & Dowell (1967) +, +Reid (1968) +, +Basio (1971) +, +Rattanarithikul & Harrison (1973) +, + +Tanaka +et al. +(1979) + +[characters of Taiwanese specimens], Lee +et al. +(1987), +Darsie & Pradhan (1990) +, + +Oo +et al. +(2006) + +and + +Rattanarithikul +et al +. (2006b) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6932102a148 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7B0A1DFF54FEE5FBA05880.xml @@ -0,0 +1,678 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +sergentii +(Theobald) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +macmahoni +Evans, 1936 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Myzomyia +) +macmahoni + +(subspecific status by +Mattingly +& Knight 1956). Distribution: +Algeria +, +Burkina Faso +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Djibouti +, +Eritrea +, +Ethiopia +, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Kenya +, +Mali +, +Republic of South Africa +, +Senegal +, +Somalia +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +sergentii +( +Theobald, 1907 +) + +—original combination: + +Pyretophorus sergentii + +. Distribution: +Albania +, +Algeria +, +Bulgaria +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Chad +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Djibouti +, +Egypt +, +Eritrea +, +Greece +, +Iran +, +Iraq +, +Israel +, +Italy +, +Jordan +, +Libya +, +Kenya +, +Morocco +, +Pakistan +, +Portugal +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Senegal +, +Spain +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tunisia +, +Turkmenistan +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + +The female of the nominotypical form was described by +Theobald (1907) +based on +two adult +females from an unspecified locality in +Algeria +(see below). He described them as a gray to brown species with three palpal bands, one of them the entire palpomere 5; with the abdomen brown without scales; legs brown, unbanded, and “Wings dark scaled; costal border with five large dark spots, four spreading evenly on to first long vein [R]; a few pale spots on wing field, notably at the cross-veins and bases of the fork-cells [ + +R +2 + +and M +1 +].” All primary wing veins except 1A end at a pale fringe spot. There was no explicit mention of the nature of the dark and pale areas on vein + +R +4 + ++5 but “most of the veins” were described as “uniformly dark scaled”. +Subsequently +, +Christophers (1933) +described all life stages from specimens collected in presesnt-day +Pakistan +. + + + + +Subspecies + +macmahoni + +was described as a species by +Evans (1936) +based on two larval cotypes and a male and a female with associated larval and pupal exuviae from +Isiolo +, +Kenya +. She noted: “The larvae of this species can be identified easily by the characters of the tergal plates…”, which are unusually broad. In the adult female, the maxillary palpus has three narrow pale bands, the tarsi lack definite pale rings and the wings are predominantly dark with the third vein (R +4+5 +) mainly or entirely dark-scaled. Based on additional specimens from the same locality, Evans stated that the hindtibia has a “rather distinct white spot at the base, as well as the usual apical spot.” Two years later, in her treatise on Afrotropical anophelines, +Evans (1938) +more precisely described variation observed for vein R +4+5 +: “Third vein ranging from entirely dark to about ⅔ pale, usually about ¼–½ pale; pale area when present usually situated distally as in + +A. funestus + +, but in 3 cases it was median in the vein.” Subspecies + +sergentii + +was not mentioned in +Evans (1936) +or +Evans (1938) +. + + +De Meillon (1947) +followed the descriptions of +Evans (1936 +, +1938 +) and additionally noted the presence of five parabasal setae on the gonocoxite of the male, the innermost borne on a prominent eminence, and vein R +4+5 +all dark and the pale area, when present, at the center or with a long basal dark spot and a small apical one. Subspecies + +sergentii + +was also not mentioned in this publication. + + + + +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +in “Mosquitoes of Arabia” examined larvae of subspecies + +macmahoni + +from the Western +Aden Protectorate +( +Yemen +) “and consider them to be those of + +An. sergenti + +[ +sic +] of which + +An. macmahoni + +is, in our view, a subspecies probably mainly confined to the African portion of the Somali-Arid District. The latter is therefore eliminated from our list.” Differences they noted in the cibarial armature of females, also noted by others, were deemed to be too variable to be indicative of separate species. However, two principal differentiating characters were noted. Vein R + +4+ +5 + +in + +macmahoni + +“is normally extensively pale scaled in the middle and only exceptionally dark.” Subspecies + +sergentii + +, in contrast, “is constantly dark except at base and extreme tip”. The other feature used to separate the two nominal taxa was the large size of the main tergal plates present in larvae of + +macmahoni + +. + + +Senevet +et al +. (1959) conducted a comprehensive study of the larval tergal plates of + +sergentii + +and + +macmahoni + +in +Algeria +. Whereas +Theobald (1907) +merely indicated that the +type +specimens of + +sergentii + +were collected in +Algeria +by Dr E. Sergent, Senevet +et al +. revealed that the specimens were found by Edmond Sergent in “El Outaya ( +région de Biskra +, partie N. du Sahara algérien).” Based on this revelation, we hereby restrict the +type +locality of + +Anopheles sergentii +Theobald, 1907 + +to El Outaya ( +35.040868 +, +5.56491 +), +Biskra Province +, +Algeria +. Senevet +et al +. noted that one of them had collected + +sergentii + +on the south side of the Aurès Mountains at the northern limit of the Sahara. For comparison, they obtained specimens from Tassili N’Ajjers, a national park in the Sahara located north of Djanet in southeastern +Algeria +. El Outaya and Djanet are about +1,000 km +apart. The authors summarized their findings as follow: “we are dealing with +two types +: the group ́small plates» corresponds to the variety +́typicus +» [ + +sergentii + +]; the ́large plates» group corresponds to the subspecies + +macmahoni + +. The first of these groups does not in fact differ much from the form considered as typical by most authors [translated from the French].” + + +The two nominal taxa belong to the + +demeilloni + +section of +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +(= Demeilloni Group in + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). Gillies & de Meillon placed adult females of subspecies + +macmahoni + +in their key in Section XI, with the following characters: “Mosquitoes with 1 pale spot on upper branch of 5th vein [M +3+4 +], no pale interruption on 3rd dark area [preapical dark spot] of 1st vein [R +1 +]; costa with at least 1 pale spot on basal half; palps [maxillary palpi] with less than 4 bands, pale at apex; legs not speckled, hind tarsus 4 and 5 [hindtarsomeres 4 and 5] not entirely pale; abdomen without laterally projecting tufts of scales.” We point out that both nominal taxa have dark tarsomeres, maxillary palpus with three pale bands, two narrow ones, plus the entire palpomere 5, basal area of vein R +1 +entirely pale-scaled, all veins except 1A ending in a pale fringe spot. Gillies & de Meillon placed fourth-instar larvae of both subspecies in their key in Section VI: “Larvae with wide abdominal plates [tergal plates], equalling on segment 5 three quarters or more the distance between bases of palmate hairs [setae]; saddle hair [seta 1-X] with less than 5 branches; no coarse spicules on sides of thorax and abdomen; outer clypeal hairs [seta 3-C] with less than 8 branches; inner clypeal hairs [seta 2-C] wide apart and not strongly branched.” Both nominal taxa have one of the long mesopleural “hairs” [seta 9- or 10-M] plumose and the inner shoulder “hair” [seta 1-P] with 15–20 branches inserted on a well-developed tubercle. In subspecies + +sergentii + +, the width of the main tergal plate on segment V is at most four-fifths the distance between the palmate setae, whereas in subspecies + +macmahoni + +the main tergal plate on segment V is equal to greater than four-fifths the distance between the palmate setae. + + +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +summarized their view of the two taxa as follows. + +Anopheles sergentii sergentii + +: “A widespread and important vector of malaria, extending into southern Arabia. As pointed out by +Mattingly and Knight (1956) +it differs from + +subsp. +macmahoni + +only in the larval stage. From this it is separable by the width of the main tergal plates, which are at most ⅘ the distance between the palmate hairs [setae].” “LARVAL HABITAT: According to +Senevet and Andarelli (1956) +, + +sergentii + +occurs in oases and irrigated areas in many +types +of water, shaded and unshaded, with and without vegetation.” “ADULT BIOLOGY: Attacks man readily, often entering houses to do so. Often found resting indoors by day, but also makes extensive use of outdoor shelters which are sometimes remote from dwellings. It was formerly, at least, an important vector of malaria...”. Gillies & de Meillon illustrated the distribution of the two subspecies in map form (fig. 53), on which they drew a non-overlapping line of demarcation. They further commented that “We ourselves would note in passing that, despite the close similarity between + +sergentii + +and + +macmahoni + +, the behaviour of the adults of the two is very different, suggesting that there are more profound biological differences between them than their morphology would suggest.” + + +The nature of the dark and pale spots on vein R +4+5 +(“third vein”) has often been used to separate + +Anopheles +species. + +In the case of + +sergentii + +and + +macmahoni + +, a great deal of variation has been noted or illustrated for R + +4+ +5 + +in subspecies + +macmahoni + +. This could be an indicator of cryptic species or normal variation. Subspecies + +sergentii + +, according to +Theobald (1907) +, +Christophers (1933) +, +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +and +Senevet & Andarelli (1956) +, has vein R +4+5 +all dark or only with a median pale spot and/or small pale spots at the base and apex. In comparison, the scaling of vein R + +4+ +5 + +in subspecies + +macmahoni + +has been characterized differently by several authors: “Third vein ranging from entirely dark to about ⅔ pale, usually about ¼–½ pale; pale area when present usually situated distally as in + +A. funestus + +, but in 3 cases it was median in the vein” ( +Evans 1938 +); “all dark, pale area if present may be at the center” or pale with a long dark basal spot and a small apical dark spot ( +de Meillon 1947 +); “it appears that it is normally extensively pale scaled in the middle and only exceptionally dark [all dark?]” ( +Mattingly & Knight 1956 +); and +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +illustrated the wing showing R +4+5 +with a long (⅓ of total length) pale area subapically and perhaps small pale spots at the base and apex, and stated that “3rd vein variable, sometimes broadly pale as figured, in others entirely dark except at base and apex as in + +subsp. +sergenti + +[ +sic +].” + + +A problem with recognizing subspecies as legitimate ranks, at least for mosquitoes, is illustrated by + +Irish +et al +. (2020) + +, who only recognized the nominotypical subspecies and therefore listed the occurrence of only + +sergentii + +in countries of sub-Sharan Africa, and +Coetzee (2020) +who did not include subspecies + +macmahoni + +in keys to the adult females of + +Anopheles + +in the Afrotropical +Region +. This prevents + +macmahoni + +from being known and confuses records and recognition of both putative subspecies. + + +The two nominal taxa, + +sergentii + +and + +macmahoni + +, were not recognized as related taxonomically ( +Evans 1936 +, +1938 +; +de Meillon 1947 +) until +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +considered + +macmahoni + +to be a subspecies of + +sergentii + +. Subspecies + +macmahoni + +is probably mainly confined to the “African portion of the Somali-Arid District” ( +Mattingly & Knight 1956 +) and zoophilic, while subspecies + +sergentii + +is a north African-Mediterranean anthropophilic malaria + +vector ( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +) + +. There exists abundant morphological variation but the only reliable way to separate the two forms is by the relatively large size of the larval tergal plates that characterize + +macmahoni +( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +) + +. In a recent review of the mosquitoes of +Algeria +, + +Merabti +et al +. (2021) + +stated that “Subspecies + +macmahoni + +is an Afrotropical form that occurs in many of the countries where the typical form is also found, which suggests that +Evans (1936) +may have correctly recognized it as a distinct species.” +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +eliminated subspecies + +macmahoni + +from their list for mosquitoes in Arabia while distinguishing it morphologically and bionomically from + +sergentii + +. These observations conform to our criteria for species status, +i.e. +allopatry (and sympatry) with morphological and bionomical distinctions. We therefore reinstate + +macmahoni + +to species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +macmahoni +Evans, 1936 + + +. + +Anopheles macmahoni + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + + +Anopheles macmahoni + +has a single synonym, + +An. macmahoni +var. +barkhuusi +Giaquinto-Mira, 1950 + +( +type +locality: Valley of Becilo, +Ethiopia +), synonymy by + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +. It is possible that +barkhuusi +may be a distinct species, but until proven otherwise, it is retained as a synonym of + +An. macmahoni + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f365d3bf964 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7C0A06FF54FD1DFC875E30.xml @@ -0,0 +1,853 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +wellcomei +Theobald + + + + + + + +subspecies + +ugandae +Evans, 1934 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles distinctus +var. +ugandae + +(subspecific status by +Gillies & +de Meillon 1968). Distribution: +Angola +, +Botswana +, +Burundi +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Gabon +, +Gambia +, +Kenya +, +Senegal +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +( +Ribeiro & Ramos 1975 +; +Gillies & Coetzee 1987 +; + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +ungujae +White, 1975 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +wellcomei ungujae + +. Distribution: Island of +Zanzibar +, +Tanzania +( +White 1975 +). + + +subspecies + +wellcomei +Theobald, 1904 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles wellcomei + +. Distribution: +Angola +, +Benin +, +Botswana +, +Burkina Faso +, +Cameroon +, +Central African Republic +, +Chad +, +Côte d’Ivoire +, +Democratic Republic of the Congo +, +Eritrea +, +Ethiopia +, +Gabon +, +Gambia +, +Ghana +, +Guinea +, +Kenya +, +Mali +, +Mauritania +, +Mozambique +, +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +Senegal +, +Seychelles +, +South Sudan +, +Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Togo +, +Uganda +, +Zambia +, +Zimbabwe +( + +Wilkerson +et al. +2021 + +). + + + + +The nominal taxa treated here are members of the Wellcomei Group ( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +) of the +Myzomyia +Series ( +Christophers 1924 +), which also includes + +An. distinctus +( +Newstead & Carter, 1911 +) + +, + +An. erepens +Gillies, 1958 + +and + +An. theileri +Edwards, 1912c + +. Species in the Wellcomei Group lack aedeagal leaflets (except + +theileri + +) and have adaptations in the immature stages for climbing out of the water ( +Evans 1934 +). The larvae have large dense hair-like spicules on the thorax and abdomen, and pupae have a row of ventrally directed hooks on the cephalothorax and the paddle is fringed externally with coarse spines. Verification of these characters for subspecies + +ungujae + +is still needed, because it is known only from a single female. + + +The original description of + +An. wellcomei + +(adult female) includes an informative color illustration. +Theobald’s (1904) +diagnosis follows: “Head black with dense white, yellow and brown upright forked scales, the white ones in front and two long hair-like projecting white tufts; palpi yellow, black at the base with two white bands on the yellow area. Thorax ashy, chestnut-brown at the sides and with hair-like golden scales; abdomen brown, unbanded with brownish golden hairs. Wings mostly yellow scaled, costa jet black with two yellow spots and three or four black spots on the wing field.” Also of note are other characters from the original description and subsequent observations. The maxillary palpus is black basally and ochreous (yellow orange to orange) on approximately the distal two-thirds, with two broad white bands and a third narrow band apically. The proboscis is dark on the proximal half, and the distal half is ochreous like the palpus. The wing is distinctive and was later described by +Evans (1927) +: “To the naked eye the wings seem yellow with a narrow, black anterior border.” Also from the original description: Costal wing spots, on costa and vein R +1 +, include subcostal, preapical and apical pale spots. There is also a small sector pale spot on R +1 +, which is almost entirely pale proximally. Wing mostly pale yellowish with small dark spots (noted by Theobald to vary) on veins R +2 +, R +3 +, R +4+5 +, M +1 +, M +2 +and 1A. Fringe scales pale at ends of all veins, wing apex and entire border of the anal cell. “Legs brown with very narrow apical yellow bands.” Legs subsequently described by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +as: “Tarsus 1–3 of fore legs [foretarsomeres 1–3] with distinct but narrow apical pale bands; mid legs similar but pale bands less distinct; hind legs with tarsus 1–4 [hindtarsomeres 1–4] distinctly banded apically.” + + + +Anopheles wellcomei + +was described from +three females +from Baro and Pibor, +Sudan +(now in +South Sudan +). “Dr. Balfour states that ‘it boarded the steamer in the evening at Baro and bit freely.’” Also, “It is abundant on the Baro [River].” +Townsend (1990) +recorded the label data for the +three syntypes +as “ + +wellcomei +Theobald, 1904 +c: 64–66 ( +Anopheles +) + +. +Syntypes +(3) ‒ +Sudan +: +1 female +, [Eastern Equatoria], Baro [ + +5 +o +45′N + +31°42′E +]; +2 females +, [Sobat], Pibor.” David Pecor (pers. comm.) interprets the Baro and Pibor collection localities to be place names with coordinates of 5.75, 31.7 and +6.79853 +, +33.13045 +, respectively (see: https://arcg.is/0D4nD). + + +Two other nominal species were included with the above species by +Evans (1934) +in the “ + +distinctus + +series” ( + +Anopheles walravensi +Edwards, 1930 + +and + +Anopheles schwetzi +Evans, 1934 + +). They “share a peculiarity in wing markings, namely, the reduction or loss of some of the pale costal spots, especially of the sector and subcostal, at least the basal 2/3 of the costa being entirely dark...”. The relative vagueness of the lack of pale spots on the costa and few dark spots on the rest of the wing (along with similarity in leg coloration) presumably led taxonomists to include similar-looking species in the concept of the “ + +distinctus + +series”. Also vague to us is the ill-defined designation of varieties and subspecies throughout the taxonomic history of this group of species. To illustrate, it is perhaps informative to look at name combinations over time. + + + + + +Pyretophorus distinctus +Newstead & Carter, 1911 + +: To genus + +Anopheles + +by +Evans (1927) +. + + + +Pyretophorus distinctus +var. +melanocosta +Newstead & Carter, 1911 + +: To synonym of + +An +. +distinctus + +by +Evans (1934) +. + + + +Anopheles theileri +Edwards, 1912c + +: New name for + +Pyretophorus albipes +Theobald, 1911a + +. + + + +Anopheles theileri +var. +brohieri +Edwards, 1929b + +: To species rank, + +An +. +brohieri + +, by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +. + + + +Anopheles distinctus +var. +ugandae +Evans, 1934 + +: To + +An +. +wellcomei + +subspecies + +ugandae + +by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +(elevated to species herein). + + + +Anopheles walravensi +Edwards, 1930 + +: No change. + + + +Anopheles schwetzi +Evans, 1934 + +: No change. + + + +Anopheles theileri +var. +septentrionalis +Evans, 1934 + +: To synonym of + +An +. +brohieri +Edwards, 1929b + +by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +. + + + +Anopheles walravensi +var. +milesi +de Meillon & Evans, 1935 + +: To synonym of + +An +. +wellcomei + +subspecies + +ugandae + +by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +. + + + +Anopheles michaeli +de Meillon & Leeson, 1940 + +: To synonym of + +An +. +schwetzi + +by +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +. + + + +Anopheles wellcomei + +subspecies + +erepens +Gillies, 1958 + +: To species rank, + +An +. +erepens + +, by +Gillies & Coetzee (1987) +. + + + +Anopheles wellcomei + +subspecies + +ungujae +White, 1975 + +(elevated to species herein). + + + + +Subspecies + +ugandae + +was described from +Kampala +, +Uganda +. The +two type +localities of + +wellcomei +, Baro and Pibor + +, are +606 km +and +716 km +, respectively, north of +Kampala +. Larvae, pupae and adult females were available to +Evans (1934) +, and were illustrated in part. A +holotype +female with associated larval and pupal exuviae is in the Natural History Museum, London. +Evans (1934) +did not clearly distinguish + +ugandae + +from other taxa in the “ + +distinctus + +series” but instead alluded to differences between it and “pale forms of + +distinctus + +”, “the type of the former + +var. +melanocosta + +”, pupal paddle “Shape more nearly ovoid than usual, but apparently less so than in + +theileri + +and the type form of + +distinctus + +”, “Larvae and pelts [exuviae] resembled those of the type form and of + +A. theileri + +”, “Outer clypeals, as in type form and some specimens of + +theileri + +, very short and bluntly pointed distally” and, in addition, there were vague comparisons to the antennae and abdominal setae of + +theileri + +. The distinguishing character, however, provided in a key to adult females, is “Outer half of proboscis with creamy or whitish scales; palpi with dark brown scales confined to the basal one-third” in + +wellcomei + +, and “Outer half of proboscis dark-scaled; palpi with dark-scaled areas on outer two-thirds” in + +walravensi + +, + +distinctus +var. +ugandae + +, + +distinctus + +“type form” and + +schwetzi + +. These same characters were used by +Gillies & Coetzee (1987) +to distinguish + +wellcomei wellcomei + +from + +wellcomei +ugandae + +. Gillies & Coetzee were not able to separate the larvae or pupae of species in the Wellcomei Group (as the + +wellcomei + +section). + + +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +mapped the distributions of subspecies + +wellcomei + +and + +ugandae + +(their fig. 47). Subspecies + +wellcomei + +is shown across central sub-Saharan Africa and subspecies + +ugandae + +is distributed more in southeastern Africa, but with a large overlap of the two in +Uganda +, +Republic of Congo +, +Tanzania +, +Kenya +and southern +South Sudan +. +Gillies & Coetzee (1987) +stated that “ +Gillies and De Meillon (1968) +recognised the 3 subspecies, + +w. +wellcomei + +, + +w. +ugandae + +and + +w. +erepens + +. The last named was a very dark form from an isolated area in +Tanzania +and +Kenya +. The pale form with flavescent palps and proboscis ( + +wellcomei + +) is typical of the northern savanna while, from +Uganda +southwards, forms lacking this overlay of pale scales predominate ( + +ugandae + +). However, material collected more recently from the western limits of the northern savanna in +Senegal +(Dr M Cornet) and from adjacent parts of +The Gambia +lacks the flavescent scales and has a rather darker wing, both characters diagnostic of + +subsp. +ugandae + +. This pattern of variation, in which there is a tendency for certain peripheral as well as southern populations to become darker, means that + +ugandae + +is a rather less satisfactory taxon than appeared when Gillies and De Meillon redefined it. However, the name + +ugandae + +must be applied to Sene-gambian specimens even though this invalidates to a certain extent the picture of distribution previously presented.” This uncertainty suggests to us that the variability could indicate a species complex. + + +Given the diagnostic character of the pale coloration of the apical half of the maxillary palpus and proboscis in subspecies + +wellcomei + +, which are dark in subspecies + +ugandae + +, the relative closeness of +type +localities and the extensive overlapping distributions, we believe these are genetically distinct taxa. Therefore, we hereby elevate subspecies + +ugandae + +to specific status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +ugandae +Evans, 1934 + + +. + +Anopheles ugandae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. As indicated above, we agree with +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +that + +An. walravensi +var. +milesi +de Meillon & Evans, 1935 + +( +type +locality: Victorian Falls, +Zimbabwe +) is probably a synonym of + +An. ungandae + +( +type +locality: King’s Lake Area, +Kampala +, +Uganda +). However, the possibility that further study could reveal that +milesi +is a separate species cannot be ruled out. + + +White (1975) +named and designated a +holotype +for + +An +. +wellcomei + +subspecies + +ungujae + +based on a brief description by +Gillies (1958) +of a single female from +Zanzibar +, which Gillies called both + +Anopheles wellcomei + +subsp. indet +. and + +A +. +wellcomei + +, +Zanzibar +form. Gillies noted that “The finding of + +A +. +wellcomei + +on the island of +Zanzibar +extends the known range of the species right across Africa. It is interesting to note that moderately intensive collecting on the adjacent East African coast has failed to reveal this species, although + +erepens + +is abundant in the arid regions 100 or so miles inland.” +White (1975) +stated that “Apart from its discreet distribution, this subspecies is readily separable from other forms of + +wellcomei + +by extension of the pale sector wing-spot onto the costa and by the almost completely pale first wing vein (vide Figure +4 in +Gillies, 1948:10; Plate 82b in +Gillies & De Meillon, 1968:177 +).” However, a complete description of the +holotype +is needed. Based on the stated discrete characters and distribution we believe, pending further morphological and molecular study, that subspecies + +ungujae + +should be afforded species status: + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +ungujae +White, 1975 + + +. + +Anopheles ungujae + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. Without a complete description of the +holotype +and collection and study of the adult male and immature stages, its placement in the Wellcomei Group remains uncertain. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7E0A18FF54FCC9FCBD5864.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7E0A18FF54FCC9FCBD5864.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..336d65cbe9d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBA7E0A18FF54FCC9FCBD5864.xml @@ -0,0 +1,615 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +turkhudi +Liston + + + + + + + +subspecies + +telamali +Saliternik & Theodor, 1942 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles turkhudi +var. +telamali + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Israel +( +Saliternik & Theodor 1942 +). + + +subspecies + +turkhudi +Liston, 1901 + +—original combination: + +Anopheles turkhudi + +. Distribution: +Afghanistan +, +Algeria +, +Bangladesh +, +Djibouti +, +Egypt +, +Eritrea +, +Ethiopia +, +India +, +Iran +, +Iraq +, +Israel +, +Jordan +, +Morocco +, +Nepal +, +Pakistan +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Somalia +, +Sudan +, +Yemen +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + + +Anopheles turkhudi +sensu lato + +comprises the nominate form, subspecies + +telamali + +and four synonyms. It ranges from +Nepal +(Darsie & Pradham 1990), +India +, +Bangladesh +( + +Bashar +et al +. 2013 + +), southwestern Asia (not currently recorded, however, from +Bahrain +, +Cyprus +, +Kuwait +, +Lebanon +, +Syria +, +Turkey +, +Qatar +and the +U.A.E. +( +Glick 1992 +) and Saharan Africa ( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +). The species is a member of the Cinereus Group ( +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +) of the Paramyzomyia Series ( +Christophers & Barraud 1931 +), which also includes + +An. azevedoi +Ribeiro, 1969 + +, + +An. cinereus +Theobald, 1901a + +and + +An. hispaniola +( +Theobald, 1903a +) + +. Larvae of species of the Cinereus Group have laterally oriented palatal brushes and eggs without floats (see + +An. cinereus + +above). However, we are not certain this applies to the palatal brushes of + +An +. +azevedoi + +and + +An +. +hispaniola + +. +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +noted for + +An +. +cinereus + +that the “eggs hang vertically in the water and sink readily. Loss of the float is thought to be adaptive to oviposition among the filamentous algae on which the larvae feed by means of specialized mouthparts.” Also, the larvae typically orient vertically, as do most non-anophelines, probably facilitated by lack of palmate setae on the first few abdominal segments. We also noted this combination of palatal brush orientation and eggs without floats in +An. +( + +Ano +. + +) + +rivadeneirai +Levi-Castillo, 1945 + +(see above). + + + + + +The +nominotypical subspecies was described from a female from +Ellichpur +, +India +[Amaraoti District, Central Provinces; also called The Deccan]. +The +number of specimens examined was not stated; only the +holotype +is known ( +Townsend 1990 +). In summary: Wing with six costal pale spots, including one at apex [basal] pale, prehumeral pale and accessory sector pale spots not present; vein + +R +1 + +with corresponding pale spots, lacking the humeral pale but including an accessory sector pale not continuous with the costa; vein M white-scaled at base; vein 1A with a single white-scaled area [size and position not stated]; pale fringe spots present at ends of all veins except 1A; maxillary palpus with three white bands at articulations of palpomeres 2–3, 3–4 and 4–5, apex of palpomere 5 dark [description stated pale spot present at middle of terminal segment but subsequent descriptions and illustrations show palpomere 5 dark apically, white basally; a key character]; thorax covered with white [slender] scales arranged in lines along median and sublateral areas, lateral areas with brown scales often tipped with white scales; legs dark except for white scales at apices of femora and tibiae + +. + + +Other characters mentioned in the literature for species in the Cinereus Group are as follow: Larvae with stout dorsal head setae, 2–4-C single, 5–7-C with few branches, 8-C single or double, and 9,10-M plumose; leaflets of the palmate setae short with irregular shoulders and short median filaments. +Senevet (1931) +described the lateral margin of the pupal paddle with short blunt tooth-like serration. There is variability of possible note on two wing veins: The costa with or without humeral and presector pale spots, and vein 1A either mostly pale with dark spots at ends, mostly dark-scaled or apical half dark with small basal dark spot. + + + + +Synonym + +An +. +azriki +Patton, 1905 + +(synonymy with + +turkhudi + +by Edwards in +Evans 1938 +) was described from the Aziriki spring near D’thala [West +Aden Protectorate +, +Yemen +]. It was distinguished as having five white scale spots on the costa, vein M with two black spots, one at base and the other at apex, and no pale fringe spots at the ends of primary veins. The observed lack of pale fringe spots can be explained by difficulty seeing them on a pale wing, especially without proper illumination. Edwards, in +Evans (1938) +, stated: “The + +variety +azriki + +according to +Christophers [1933] +differs from the +type +only in having the wing-fringe entirely dark, but the fringe-spots are in any case faint, and as suggested by Christophers, + +azriki + +is probably not a true variety, but merely another synonym.” + + +Synonym + +An +. +flaviceps +Edwards, 1921c + +(synonymy with + +turkhudi + +by Edwards in +Evans 1938 +) was described from Erkowit, +Sudan +. It was distinguished from + +turkhudi + +by having about five rather narrow aedeagal leaflets, instead of 12–15 broader ones; claspette with a more basally situated club than + +turkhudi +sensu lato + +, with one seta about as long as the club and another smaller seta, in contrast to various descriptions of + +turkhudi + +, which have the claspette with one seta twice as long as the club and two much shorter setae. + + +Synonym + +An +. +persicus +Edwards, 1921d + +(synonymy by +Christophers 1933 +) was described from East +Persia +[ +Iran +]. Christophers dismissed the proposed name since its very short description was based on a single damaged male. + + +Synonym + +An +. +amutis +de Burca, 1943 + +(synonymy by +Gillies & de Meillon 1968 +) was described from a single male from Seganeiti, +Eritrea +. The corresponding larva, however, was a different species, + +An. squamosus +Theobald, 1901a + +. De Burca noted that vein 1A was mainly pale and that pale fringe spots were absent. Male + +Anopheles + +are typically much paler than females, making comparison to + +Anopheles + +females problematic. + + +Subspecies + +telamali + +was collected at Tel Amal, Plain of Esdraelon, +Israel +and described based on characters from +four larvae +, +one adult +male and +two females +( +Saliternik & Theodor 1942 +). The authors compared the specimens to a single specimen of + +turkhudi + +from Chakdara, +India +[ +Afghanistan +] and to literature accounts by +Puri (1931) +and +Iyengar (1930) +as follow: Two white spots present on basal third of costa in the Indian specimen [humeral and presector pale spots], which are not found on + +telamali + +; base of R +1 +dark in the Indian specimen, base of R +1 +white in + +telamali + +[not evident in illustration]; vein R +4+5 +all dark in the Indian specimen, nearly all white in + +telamali + +[not evident in illustration]; well-defined white area in middle of 1A in the Indian specimen, but only four or five scattered white scales in + +telamali + +. +Saliternik & Theodor (1942) +noted that the male genitalia agreed with the illustration of +Christophers (1915) +except for the presence of many more aedeagal leaflets in + +telamali + +: “There are only 3 to 4 indicated in his figure while there are +10 to 11 in +our specimen.” Additionally, the hindfemur of + +telamali + +was described (and illustrated) with “a well-defined white longitudinal stripe which ends a short distance before tip. On the other femora the white stripe is less clearly defined.” This last character was not mentioned as diagnostic, but we have not seen reference to it elsewhere. Regarding the male genitalia, it is obvious that Saliternik & Theodor erred when they stated that +Christophers (1915) +indicated the presence of three to four aedeagal leaflets in his figure of the male genitalia. Christophers’s figure (pl. XXIII, fig. 19), clearly diagrammatic, distinctly shows two apical leaflets on only one side of the aedeagus. In his brief description, he stated that the genitalia were “As in + +rhodesiensis + +”, +i.e. +“Theca [aedeagus] Y shaped, with about four strongly chitinised leaflets, the inner, the longest, ·5 [0.5] of the length of the theca.” It is obvious that Saliternik & Theodor compared the total number of leaflets in their specimen, +i.e. +the sum of leaflets on both sides, with the number on one side (5–7) indicated in the descriptions and illustrations of +Christophers (1915 +, +1933 +); thus, the number of leaflets does not distinguish subspecies + +telamali + +from the typical form of + +An. turkhudi + +. + + +Subspecies + +telamali + +has not been explicitly reported from +Israel +since the original description in spite of continued collecting ( + +Margalit +et al +. 1973 + +; +Margalit & Tahori 1974 +). However, the nominotypical form has been reported in some of the same publications. In addition, neither +Mattingly & Knight (1956) +nor + +Rodhain +et al +. (1977) + +mention + +telamali + +in their treatments. +Glick (1992) +, in a key to adult female + +Anopheles + +from southwestern Asia and +Egypt +, stated in an explanatory note (no. 2) that “The variety +An +. ( +Cel +.) + +turkhudi +telamali + +described by +Saliternik and Theodor (1942) +from ‘Palestine’ was not seen during this study” and “J. Margalit (personal communication) feels that the status of + +An. turkhudi telamali + +as a valid subspecies may be in doubt.” Recently, +Bromley-Schnur (2021) +, in an illustrated guide to the mosquitoes of +Israel +and neighboring areas, reiterated that the validity of subspecies + +telamali + +is doubtful and noted that + +An. turkhudi + +is rare in +Israel +and has not been found in the country since it was last identified as larvae collected in 1969 at Eine et Turabe Springs near the northwestern side of the Dead Sea ( + +Margalit +et al +. 1973 + +). + + +Although further study could prove differently, we believe that subspecies + +telamali + +is a synonym of + +An. turkhudi + +[ +sensu lato +]. However, variation reported from the wide geographical range of + +An. turkhudi + +suggests a species complex. We agree with the opinion of +Gillies & de Meillon (1968) +that “The discrepancy between the terminalia [genitalia] of specimens from Peninsular +India +and the rest of its distribution has already been noted, which raises the question as to whether Edwards, in +Evans (1938) +, was correct in synonymizing + +flaviceps + +with + +turkhudi + +. It seems possible that specimens from the north-west of the Indian subcontinent and from Arabia and Africa may not be conspecific with the + +turkhudi + +of the Deccan.” Until further studies prove otherwise, + +telamali + +is here considered to be conspecific with the nominate species: + + +telamali +Saliternik & Theodor, 1942 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Anopheles +( +Cellia +) +turkhudi +Liston, 1901 + + +. Consequently, “ + +Anopheles telamali + +” should be removed from the list of species of + +Anopheles + +recorded in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB00AD3FF54FA08FCD658F4.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB00AD3FF54FA08FCD658F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..44fbfc14110 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB00AD3FF54FA08FCD658F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +novobscura +Barraud + + + + + + + +subspecies + +novobscura +Barraud, 1934 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia novobscura + +. Distribution: +Bangladesh +, +Cambodia +, +India +, [Palaearctic] +Japan +, +Laos +, +Malaysia +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Taiwan +, +Thailand +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +ryukyuana +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +novobscura ryukyuana + +. Distribution: +Japan +, Ryukyu Archipelago (Amani, +Okinawa +, Yaeyama) ( + +Tanaka +et al +. 1979 + +). + + + + + +Uranotaenia novobscura ryukyuana + +is endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago of +Japan +. It has an interesting taxonomic history. +Roth (1946) +recognized two larval forms of this taxon on +Okinawa +Island, which he identified as Forms A and B of + +Ur +. +bimaculata +Leicester, 1908 + +. Since its original description, + +Ur. novobscura + +was mistakenly identified as + +Ur. bimaculata + +until its identity was resolved by +Peyton (1977) +. Although not explicitly stated, it is obvious that Roth considered the two larval forms to belong to a single variable species. Peyton, in his revision of the subgenus + +Pseudoficalbia + +in Southeast Asia, likewise concluded that the various populations of + +Ur. novobscura + +that he studied “represent a single plastic species and that the adult population from +Okinawa +is a recognizable variant.” + + + +Tanaka +et al +. (1979) + +disagreed that specimens from +Okinawa +were merely a variant of + +novobscura +sensu stricto + +and distinguished and described the form as a distinct subspecies, + +ryukyuana + +, as follows: “The population of the Ryukyu Archipelago is characterized by the entirely pale pleura; the scutum is also rather paler, and the supraalar dark patches are smaller than in the populations of Palaearctic +Japan +. The latter is identical with specimens from +Taiwan +and +Malaya +*. [The asterisk refers to specimens from the two countries that were examined.] The female antenna appears slightly shorter, 1.30–1.40 (8) length of proboscis and male antennal flagellomere 12 is shorter relative to Flm 13, +viz +., Flm 12 1.11–1.25 (7) length of Flm 13. Remigium scales are all dark in the Amami and +Okinawa +populations, but pale ochreous in the basal half in the Yaeyama population. Bristles [setae] on each side of tergum IX of the male genitalia are fewer, 1–4 ( +x += 2.7, mode = 2) in Amami and +Okinawa +, 1–3 ( +x += 1.6, mode = 1) in Yaeyama, while they are 2–6 ( +x += 3.4, mode = 3) in Palaearctic +Japan +. Differences in the larvae are rather obscure…. Six larvae from Yaeyama do not appear distinctly different from specimens from +Okinawa +Is.” + + +Despite the morphological similarity of other subgeneric forms described from the Ryukyu Archipelago, molecular studies have revealed that these forms are genetically distinct, reproductively isolated allopatric populations which required recognition as independent species ( + +Toma +et al +. 2019 + +; + +Somboon +et al +. 2020a + +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2022 + +). In view of those studies, and in accordance with the above treatments of the former subspecies of + +Culex hayashii +Yamada, 1917 + +and + +Toxorhynchites manicatus +( +Edwards, 1921a +) + +, we believe it is likely that molecular and genetic studies will show that + +ryukyuana + +is a separate species. Accordingly, + +ryukyuana + +is hereby formally accorded species status: + + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +ryukyuana +Tanaka, Mizusawa & Saugstad, 1979 + + +. + +Uranotaenia ryukyuana + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life; however, the date of authorship of the species is incorrectly listed as 1975, and should be corrected to 1979. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB10AD4FF54F90EFE4F5F50.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB10AD4FF54F90EFE4F5F50.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..250126e48b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB10AD4FF54F90EFE4F5F50.xml @@ -0,0 +1,331 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +anhydor +Dyar + + + + + + + +subspecies + +anhydor +Dyar, 1907 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia anhydor + +. Distribution: +Mexico +( +Baja California +), +United +States (Arizona, southern California, Nevada) ( +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +; + +Belkin & +McDonald +1956 + +). + + +subspecies + +syntheta +Dyar & Shannon, 1924 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia syntheta + +(subspecific status by +Belkin & +McDonald +1956). Distribution: +Mexico +(eastern and central), +United States +( +New Mexico +, +Oklahoma +, +Texas +) ( +Dampf 1943 +; +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +; + +Belkin & +McDonald +1956 + +). + + + + + +Uranotaenia anhydor + +and + +Ur. syntheta + +were both originally described as distinct species, the former from a single larva taken from a swamp at Sweetwater Junction near San Diego, +California +and the latter from an adult female collected at Mission, +Texas +. The authors of the latter species ( +Dyar & Shannon 1924 +), prior to describing + +syntheta + +, noted that + +anhydor + +was “not yet known outside of southern +California +”. The two nominal forms continued to be recognized as separate species by +Dyar (1928) +, +Edwards (1932a) +, +Dampf (1943) +, +Yamaguti & LaCasse (1951) +, +Brookman & Reeves (1953) +, + +Galindo +et al +. (1954) + +and +Carpenter & LaCasse (1955) +; however, the authors of the last three articles observed that the two forms are so similar morphologically that they may constitute two subspecies or a single species. + + +The two forms remained as separate species until + +Belkin & +McDonald +(1956) + +formally treated + +syntheta + +as a subspecies of + +anhydor + +based on comparisons of all life stages of specimens from a population sampled at Saratoga Springs in Death Valley (San Bernardino County, +California +) with populations of “ + +anhydor + +from San Diego County, Baja +California +and +Arizona +, and + +syntheta + +from several localities in +Texas +.” They noted “…that the Saratoga Springs population is distinct from both + +anhydor + +and + +syntheta + +and that it is in no way intermediate between the two.” Despite these findings, they concluded “that all these populations are so close morphologically that they should be considered to form one species…. The populations in the +United States +east of the Continental Divide, and in all probability those in eastern and central +Mexico +, constitute the subspecies + +syntheta + +, easily recognizable only in the adult stage by the thoracic ornamentation. The Saratoga Springs population cannot be considered to be in any way intermediate between the typical + +anhydor + +from San Diego Co. and + +syntheta + +but rather an extreme development of the former. It is suggested that the Saratoga Springs population, which is quite distinct morphologically and ecologically from the other western populations, has been isolated in the Amargosa drainage of the Death Valley System since late Pleistocene times… and that it may represent a third subspecies in the + +anhydor + +complex.” This concept subsequently has been accepted in all later works ( +Bohart & Washino 1978 +; +Darsie & Ward 1981 +, +2005 +; +Nava & Debboun 2016 +). + + +All published treatments of + +anhydor + +and + +syntheta + +agree that the adults of the two forms are reliably distinguished by the development of a line (single row) of iridescent blue scales along the lateral margins of the scutum. In + +syntheta + +, this line is distinct (conspicuous) from the scutal fossa to the base of the wing, with a narrow gap at mid-length, whereas in + +anhydor + +the line is faint or obsolete (indistinct) with a wide gap in the middle ( +Dyar & Shannon 1924 +; +Dyar 1928 +; + +Galindo +et al +. 1954 + +; +Yamaguti & LaCasse 1951 +; +Carpenter & LaCasse 1955 +; + +Belkin & +McDonald +1956 + +). In contrast, the Saratoga Springs form has an elongate patch of several rows of iridescent light blue scales on each side of the scutum ( + +Belkin & +McDonald +1956 + +). Based on the morphological distinction and lack of evidence for gene flow across the Continental Divide, we believe molecular data will show that + +anhydor + +and + +syntheta + +are separate species, and for that reason we hereby restore + +syntheta + +to its original specific rank: + + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +syntheta +Dyar & Shannon, 1924 + + +. + +Uranotaenia syntheta + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. Contrary to + +Belkin & +McDonald +(1956) + +, we believe the morphological and ecological distinctions of the Saratoga Springs form are a clear indication that it is a genetically distinct species, +i.e. +it is an unnamed species pending formal taxonomic validation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB20AD5FF54FC01FBD95C4A.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB20AD5FF54FC01FBD95C4A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a84b60b43d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB20AD5FF54FC01FBD95C4A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,477 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Tripteroides +( +Tripteroides +) +powelli +(Ludlow) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +escodae +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953 + +—original combination: + +Tripteroides +( +Tripteroides +) +powelli escodae + +. + + +Distribution: +Philippines +( +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon 1953 +). + + +subspecies + +laffooni +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953 + +—original combination: + +Tripteroides +( +Tripteroides +) +powelli laffooni + +. + + +Distribution: +Philippines +( +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon 1953 +). + + +subspecies + +mattinglyi +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953 + +—original combination: + +Tripteroides +( +Tripteroides +) +powelli mattinglyi + +. + + +Distribution: +Philippines +( +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon 1953 +). + + +subspecies + +powelli +( +Ludlow, 1909b +) + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia powelli + +. Distribution: +Cambodia +, +Indonesia +, +Malaysia +, +People’s Republic of China +, +Philippines +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The genus + +Tripteroides + +, with species distributed throughout the Australasian and +Oriental +Regions +, has never been the subject of a comprehensive taxonomic revision; consequently, the majority of its species are poorly known. This is particularly true of species of the subgenus + +Tripteroides + +, for which the immature stages of only a “small minority” of species have been described in detail and those that are known are currently indistinguishable ( +Mattingly 1981 +). + + + + + +Tripteroides powelli +sensu stricto + +and the subspecies + +escodae + +, + +laffooni + +and + +mattinglyi + +were all described from different islands of the +Philippines +, and only the nominotypical form has been recorded in other countries of the Oriental Region (see above). The four forms have been found on various +Philippine islands +: + +escodae + +—Balabac, Jolo, Mindanao and +Palawan +( +type +locality) Islands; + +laffooni + +— +Leyte +( +type +locality), Mindanao and Samar Islands; + +mattinglyi + +—Culion ( +type +locality) and +Palawan +Islands; + +powelli +sensu stricto + +—widely distributed from Luzon ( +type +locality) to Mindanao ( +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon 1953 +; +Basio 1971 +). Thus, + +escodae + +, + +laffooni + +and + +powelli +sensu stricto + +are found on Mindanao and + +escodae + +and + +mattinglyi + +both occur on +Palawan +. + + +The immature stages are known for the four nominal forms, but they have not been studied or described in comparative detail. In fact, there is some doubt concerning the identity of the larva of + +powelli +sensu stricto + +, as revealed by +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon (1953) +. + + + + +The +type +specimen described by Ludlow, being a female with unknown larva, is not distinguishable from four kinds of + +powelli + +now known in the +Philippines +. Even were its larva known, it could not be separated from the others unless it was the one which had two-branched ventral siphon tufts [seta 1-S]. The other three are alike in larval characters. Brug’s description of + +powelli + +larva (1939), based on Dutch East Indian specimens, does not definitely prove that is the kind of larva Ludlow’s +type + +powelli + +has. By coincidence, however, the materials we have on hand from Luzon Island ( +type +locality) represent only the kind of larvae which has two-branched ventral siphon tufts, the same as that descried by Brug, but at the same time it differs in certain details from the Dutch East Indian form. It is not at all unlikely other forms of + +powelli + +may also be found in Luzon Island if more extensive collections are made, in which case it is only by assumption that the +type +specimen could be regarded as that whose larva has two-branched ventral siphon tufts. + + +Assuming the specimens reared from larvae that were studied by Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon are conspecific with the +type +female of + +powelli + +, it seems the larvae, as well as the pupae, of the four forms recognized by the authors, based albeit on apparent cursory examination of specimens, are indistinguishable. As stated by Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, “Definite differences between [the] subspecies [are] found only in [the] male terminalia [genitalia].” + + +The anatomical terminology used by +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon (1953) +and most other authors for structures of the phallosome of the male genitalia of + +Tripteroides + +is confusing. References to the phallosome generally apply to features of the aedeagus, which consists of two lateral plates (aedeagal sclerites) that are normally connected in tergal aspect by a narrow submedian tergal bridge, each plate with a variously developed apical sternal process (ventral arm, VA, of Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon) and a less distinctively developed median tergal process (dorsal arm, DA, of Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon). Considering this clarification, Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon distinguished the subspecies of + +powelli + +as follows. + + +Phallosome of + +mattinglyi + +is quite distinct from those of others, not only in + +powelli + +complex but also from all species in Group B, because its VA is represented only by teeth which arise directly from rim of tube at point where, in other species of Group B, VA arises. Moreover, + +mattinglyi + +has a few teeth, of which three or four arise from a small prominence at base (tergal wall) of DA. + +Laffooni + +has finer and more (over twelve) teeth at this point, but they arise not from a prominence but directly from wall of DA. + +Mattinglyi + +is strikingly similar in phallosome to +rozeboomi +of Group A. Beyond that, however, there is no other similarity between them. VA in + +powelli powelli + +much shorter than that of + +escodae + +or + +mattinglyi + +. Viewed in whole terminalia [genitalia] mounts VA in + +powelli powelli + +may be seen beneath and at about or below middle of DA. This is because VA is only about half length of DA. VA in either + +escodae + +or + +laffooni + +measures equal or nearly equal length of DA. Because of long VA, and partly because of usual slight upward tilting of organ, the teeth are well exposed beyond apex of DA (see text fig. 2d) in whole mounts; and teeth coarser. Presence of teeth toward base of DA distinguishes + +laffooni + +from + +escodae + +; latter does not have any trace of such teeth. + + +In many species-rich groups of animals, structures of the male genitalia provide better means for distinguishing species than any other morphological characters. Thus, evolution of genital form is thought to be involved in the origin of species. This would seem to be true of species of + +Tripteroides + +, which like many species of the genus + +Culex + +, and others, are difficult to distinguish except by features of the male genitalia. Based on the distinct differences in the structure of the aedeagal sclerites of the male genitalia and the apparent sympatry on different islands, as well as significant doubts about the identification of specimens of + +powelli +sensu stricto + +in countries other than the +Philippines +, we are confident that the four nominal forms, + +escodae + +, + +laffooni + +, + +mattinglyi + +and + +powelli + +, are separate species, which further morphological study, coupled with molecular analyses, will corroborate. Based on this conviction, the three subspecies described by Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon are hereby formally raised to specific status: + + +Tripteroides +( +Tripteroides +) +escodae +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953 + + +; + +Tp +. ( +Trp +.) + +laffooni +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953 + + +; and + +Tp +. ( +Trp +.) + +mattinglyi +Baisas & Ubaldo-Pagayon, 1953 + + +. + +Tripteroides escodae + +and + +Tp. mattinglyi + +are currently listed as species in the Encyclopedia of Life; + +Tp. laffooni + +should be added to the list. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB30AD6FF54FE89FDCA5958.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB30AD6FF54FE89FDCA5958.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2946d4231a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB30AD6FF54FE89FDCA5958.xml @@ -0,0 +1,476 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Trichoprosopon digitatum +(Rondani) + + + + + + + +subspecies + +digitatum +( +Rondani, 1848 +) + +—original combination: + +Culex digitatus + +. Distribution: +Argentina +, +Belize +, +Bolivia +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Costa Rica +, +Ecuador +, +El Salvador +, French Guiana, +Guatemala +, +Guyana +, +Honduras +, Lesser Antilles (includes +Trinidad and Tobago +), +Mexico +, +Nicaragua +, +Panama +, +Paraguay +, +Peru +, +Suriname +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +townsendi +Stone, 1944 + +—original combination: + +Trichoprosopon +( +Trichoprosopon +) +digitatus +var. +townsendi + +(subspecific status by +Harbach & Howard 2007 +). Distribution: +Brazil +, Lesser Antilles (includes +Trinidad and Tobago +), +Panama +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Rondani (1848) +described and named + +Tr. digitatum + +(as + +Culex digitatus + +) based on one or more females (number not indicated) from an unspecified locality in +Brazil +(Belkin 1968). The location of the type(s) remains unknown, but the type locality was restricted to the vicinity of +Rio de Janeiro +(Guanabara) by + +Belkin +et al +. (1971) + +. In the absence of type material, +Stone (1944) +aptly noted that “It cannot be determined whether the type of + +digitatum + +possessed scales on the clypeus, but lacking proof to the contrary, it is best to retain the name for the most frequently encountered, unscaled variety [ +i.e. +species of + +Trichoprosopon + +].” Stone then confirmed the synonymy of + +Tr. nivipes +Theobald, 1901c + +(synonymy originally by + +Howard +et al +. 1915 + +), + +Tr. splendens +Lutz, 1904 + +(in +Bourroul, 1904 +) (synonymy by +Lane & Cerqueira 1942 +) and + +Joblotia splendens +var. +subsplendens +Martini, 1931b + +(synonymy by +Lane & Cerqueira 1942 +) with + +digitatum + +based on the absence of scales (presence of setae only) on the clypeus of those nominal species. Stone also noted that +four females +of + +Tr. wilsoni + +Ludlow, +1918 + + +in the “ +U. S. +N. M.” (National Museum of Natural History, +Washington +, D.C.) bear type labels but neither of those specimens nor others attributable to Ludlow bear the data provided in the original description of the species; thus, it was “not considered possible to select any one as a +lectotype +.” In the absence of a definite type specimen, + +Tr. wilsoni + +has remained a synonym of + +digitatum + +ever since the synonymy was established by +Dyar (1928) +. Of particular note, Stone observed that “One of the +four females +[‘supposed cotype’] has scales intermingled with the hairs [setae] on the clypeus and therefore should be referred to the new variety [ + +Tr. digitatus +var. +townsendi + +] described in this paper.” + + +The presence of only setae on the clypeus of + +digitatum +sensu stricto + +has been recognized by all investigators ( +Theobald 1901c +, as + +Tr. nivipes + +; Howard +et al +. 2015, as + +Joblotia digitatus + +; +Dyar 1928 +, as + +Joblotia digitata + +; +Senevet & Abonnenc 1939 +; +Stone, 1944 +; +Lane & Cerqueira 1942 +; +Lane 1953 +; + +Zavortink +et al +. 1983 + +). The last authors (Zavortink +et al +.) defined + +digitatum + +as “the only species of + +Trichoprosopon + +with 3‒5 (3‒6) pairs of large preapical teeth on the aedeagus, with these teeth becoming progressively larger distad of the smallest basal tooth.... The pupa is the stage next most easily identified, by its normal countershading and the moderately strong to strong, more-orless rigid seta 6-VI and usually also 6-V…. The adult of + +digitatum + +can be identified only by the combination of the densely setose clypeus… the presence of setae on the upper calypter of the wing… the presence of a small patch of light scales at the base of the first hindtarsal segment… and the light integument of the mesepimeron and meron. The larva of + +digitatum + +is the stage most difficult to identify. It can usually be told by the combination of a strong, long, single or double seta 0-P… a single or double seta 7-P… only a single ventral abdominal seta (12-II) arising from a sclerotized tubercle… and a long seta 6-VI”. + + +Stone (1944) +described “ + +var. +townsendi + +” from a type series comprised of the +holotype +and +17 paratypes +( +14 females +and +3 males +): “The +holotype +and +11 paratypes +were collected at Boa Vista, Rio Tapajós, Pará, +Brazil +…. Four +paratypes +were reared by Dyar and Shannon at Porto Bello, +Panama +... along with a number of typical + +digitatum + +. One +paratypes +[ +sic +] is the supposed cotype of + +Trichoprosopon wilsoni +Ludlow + +, from Ancon, +Panama +. One +paratype +was reared at Montserrat, +Trinidad +… along with many of the typical variety.” Stone did not indicate whether he examined the genitalia of the males or if the larval and pupal exuviae of the reared specimens were available or examined. He simply stated: “This [variety] agrees with typical + +digitatum + +in all diagnostic characters save that there are violaceous scales mingled with the hairs [setae] on the sides of the clypeus.” Without mention of the male genitalia and immature stages of + +townsendi +, +Lane (1953) + +reiterated that “The only difference between this +variety and +the typical form is that there are scales as well as setae on [the] clypeus.” + + +As noted above for + +Tr. compressum +, +Zavortink (1981) + +recognized + +Tr. digitatum + +as a species complex, consisting “of + +Tr. digitatum + +and at least two undescribed species.” Zavortink elaborated: “By any measure, + +Tr. digitatum + +is the most successful species in the genus + +Trichoprosopon + +. It is widespread geographically, occupying the entire range of the genus from +Mexico +to +Ecuador +and +Argentina +. It is diverse ecologically, with the immatures being found in water in bamboo stumps and tree holes, in fallen fruits and nuts, in + +Heliconia + +flower bracts, and in fallen leaves and palm spathes. And it is abundant, with about 95% of the specimens of + +Trichoprosopon + +that I have examined being this one species. The undescribed species of the complex occur sympatrically with + +Tr. digitatum + +, one in the Pacific versant of eastern +Panama +and +Colombia +, the other farther south in the Pacific versant of +Ecuador +. The immatures of only one of the undescribed species are known, and they have been found most often in leaf axils, a habitat not utilized by + +Tr. digitatum + +. The differences between + +Tr. digitatum + +and the undescribed species whose immatures are known can be used to illustrate the size of the morphological gap separating related sympatric species in this genus.” Zavortink then mentioned differences between + +Tr. digitatum + +and the undescribed species—differences in the coloration of the adults and pupae, the aedeagus and cercal setae of the male genitalia, and seta 7-P of the larvae—and emphatically stated: “The nature of the differences between + +Tr. digitatum + +and the new species are important to note, because these species are sympatric and their specific distinctness cannot be doubted.” “Even after the separation of two undescribed species, + +Tr. digitatum + +remains a variable species and may indeed still be a complex.” Zavortink did not mention + +townsendi + +, but the available evidence indicates that this form is also sympatric with the nominotypical form in +Panama +and +Brazil +. In view of the unknown immature stages of + +townsendi + +and the unique presence of scales on the clypeus in the absence of morphological information for the male genitalia, we suspect that further collections and integrated study will show that + +townsendi + +is a separate sympatric species of the Digitatum Complex; henceforth, it is afforded species status: + + +Trichoprosopon townsendi +Stone, 1944 + + +. + +Trichoprosopon townsendi + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB40ADFFF54F89AFD405C68.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB40ADFFF54F89AFD405C68.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..181d0fde3a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB40ADFFF54F89AFD405C68.xml @@ -0,0 +1,421 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +pulcherrima +Lynch Arribálzaga + + + + + + + +subspecies + +elnora +Paterson & Shannon, 1927 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia pulcherrima elnora + +. Distribution: +Argentina +( +Paterson & Shannon 1927 +). + + +subspecies + +pulcherrima +Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891b + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia pulcherrima + +. Distribution: +Argentina +, +Belize +, +Bolivia +, +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Costa Rica +, +Ecuador +, +El Salvador +, French Guiana, +Guatemala +, +Guyana +, +Honduras +, Lesser Antilles (includes +Trinidad and Tobago +), +Mexico +, +Nicaragua +, +Panama +, +Paraguay +, +Peru +, +Suriname +, +Uruguay +, +Venezuela +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +The recognition of + +elnora + +as a subspecies requires explanation, which was provided by +Harbach & Howard (2007) +: “ +Paterson & Shannon (1927) +published the name + +elnora + +as an addition to a binomen denoting subspecific rank, but labelled it as a new variety: ‘ + +Uranotaenia pulcherrima Elnora + +nueva variedad’. In as much as the authors did not unambiguously indicate that the name was proposed for an infrasubspecific entity, it has subspecific rank from the date of its original publication.” However, until Harbach & Howard ruled that the third part of the trinomial must be considered an indication of subspecific rank, + +elnora + +was regarded as a variety of + +pulcherrima + +, as originally specified ( +Edwards 1932a +; +Lane 1953 +; + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; +Knight & Stone 1977 +). That aside, we were surprised to discover that + +Belkin +et al +. (1968) + +, in their treatment of the mosquitoes originally described from +Argentina +, had considered + +elnora + +to be a subspecies of + +pulcherrima + +: “ + +Uranotaenia elnora +Paterson & Shannon, 1927 + +[ssp. of + +pulcherrima + +].” + + +We find it extraordinary that there has been no taxonomic treatment or recognition of + +elnora + +as a distinct taxon since it was described by +Paterson & Shannon (1927) +. +Lane (1953) +listed + +elnora + +as a +variety but +only described the nominate form, with no mention of + +elnora + +. +Mitchell & Darsie (1985) +, in keys to the mosquitoes of +Argentina +, noted: “The +type +locality of the typical species is Las Conchas, +Buenos Aires Province +( +Knight & Stone 1977 +). A valid subspecies, + +elnora +Paterson & Shannon + +, was described in 1927 from an adult female collected in Tres Posos, Embarcacion, +Salta Province +. The distribution records given above for + +pulcherrima + +( + +var. +pulcherrima + +) include those for + +var. +elnora + +.” Subspecies + +elnora + +is not listed in the recent checklists of the mosquitoes known to occur in +Argentina +( +Rossi 2015 +). There is a single +COI +sequence (658 bp) in GenBank (accession MW363468) obtained from a female of + +Ur. pulcherrima + +collected at +Formosa +, +Lahisi Province +, +Argentina +. The sequence was generated in the study of + +Laurito +et al +. (2022) + +, who indicated that the “current distribution” of + +pulcherrima + +in +Argentina +includes the provinces of +Chaco +, +Corrientes +, Lahisi, +Salta +and +Tucumán +. It is noteworthy that +Salta Province +includes the +type +locality of + +elnora + +. + + +Paterson & Shannon (1927) +provided the following brief description of the +holotype +female of + +elnora + +: “In addition to having the median line and golden scales reduced to a spot, which is normal in typical specimens of + +pulcherrima + +, the white rings of the anterior and middle tarsi are missing and the fifth article [tarsomere 5] of the posterior tarsus [hindtarsus] is very dark white” (translated from the Spanish). The significance of the tarsal banding is questionable, as + +Galindo +et al +. (1954) + +pointed out in a taxonomic discussion of + +Ur. apicalis +Theobald, 1903a + +: “As usual in the + +pulcherrima + +-series, the extent of white on the hind tarsal segments [tarsomeres] shows much variation but with no apparent significance as to geographical distribution.” + + +Since there is no evidence to suggest that + +elnora + +is anything more than a variant of + +pulcherrima + +, as originally perceived, we believe it is prudent to formally recognize it as a synonymous name: + + +elnora +Paterson & Shannon, 1927 + +, junior subjective synonym of + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +pulcherrima +Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891b + + +. The nominal + +variety +elnora + +, which is listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, must be removed from the list of valid species of + +Uranotaenia + +. + + +In addition to + +elnora + +, + +Ur.pulcherrima + +has two other synonyms: + +Ur.urania +Shannon + +& del Ponte, 1928 (synonymy by Lane 1951) and + +Ur. pulcherrima +var. +modesta +Martini, 1935 + +(synonymy by +Lane 1953 +). The former was described from a male and a female captured at Resistencia, +Chaco Province +, +Argentina +and the latter was described from a female collected in virgin forest, +5 km +south of Rio Cacao (New River?, +Orange Walk District +), +British Honduras +(present-day +Belize +). It is possible that comparative morphological and molecular study of topotypic material may show that + +Ur. pulcherrima + +is a complex of species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB50AD0FF54F8A0FAAA5CE6.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB50AD0FF54F8A0FAAA5CE6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57a5eb5c7fd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB50AD0FF54F8A0FAAA5CE6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,363 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +palmeirimi +de Meillon & Rebêlo + + + + + + + +subspecies + +dundo + + +da +Cunha +Ramos, 1993 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +palmeirimi dundo + +. Distribution: +Angola +(Dundo) ( + +da +Cunha +Ramos 1993 + +). + + +subspecies + +palmeirimi +de Meillon & Rebêlo, 1941 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia palmeirimi + +. Distribution: +Mozambique +, +South Africa +( +Jupp 1996 +). + + + + + +Uranotaenia palmeirimi + +was supposedly described from a male ( +holotype +) and a female from the + +Portuguese +East African + +“Colony of +Moçambique +”, a northern coastal area of present-day + +Mozambique + +, but “Through an error the type locality was omitted from the text originally describing this species. It was taken at Pebane in Quelimane District” ( +Worth & de Meillon 1960 +). +Today +, +Pebane +is a town and district in +Zambezia Province +and +Quelimane +is the administrative capital of the province. + + +All accounts of + +palmeirimi + +contain confusing contradictions. +De Meillon & Rebêlo (1941) +described the adult of the species without reference to either sex but indicated that +two specimens +were examined: “Type ♂ in the collection of the South African Institute for Medical Research [SAIMR], Johannesburg” and “One other female from the same locality.” This was taken by catalogers to denote that the species was described from a male and a female ( + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; +Knight & Stone 1977 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). As revealed by + +da +Cunha +Ramos (1993) + +, the listing of a type male by de Meillon & Rebêlo was in error, because the +holotype +is actually a female, which explains the reference to “One other female…”. Despite this, da +Cunha +Ramos distinguished the male of the typical form from the male and female of subspecies + +dundo + +in a key (see below). + + +Subspecies + +dundo + +was named and described based on a series of females from +Dundo +, +Angola +, including the +holotype +female, +nine paratype females +and 14 topotypic females ( +da Cunha Ramos 1993 +). In view of this, it is disturbing that the author contrasted the female and the unknown male with the unknown male of the typical form, as follows (translated from the Portuguese). + + + + + + + +2 ― ♂: With a short but well-defined line of pale scales on the sides of the scutum, above the wing root; +ppn +[postpronotum] with darker, black lower half................................. +palmeirimi palmeirimi + + + + +― ♂ +♀ +: Scutum with only a few light scales above the wing root; +ppn +uniformly light brown........................................................................................... +palmeirimi dundo +ssp. n. + + + + + + + +Prior to the introduction of subspecies + +dundo +, +Service (1990) + +provided a revamped version of the original description of the female of + +palmeirimi + +and indicated that the male was unknown. The irony is that Service preempted + +da +Cunha +Ramos (1993) + +in noting that the type specimen of + +palmeirimi + +is a female: “ +Holotype +female in the collection of South African Institute of Medical Research, Johannesburg, is badly rubbed and has all legs missing except for one hind leg. In addition there is another female in the collection, not marked as a +paratype +, but with the same date and collection site as +holotype +; this specimen has only one fore leg, with tarsomere 5 missing, no wings and is badly rubbed.” + + +Nothing is known about the biology of either subspecies ( +Service 1990 +; +da Cunha Ramos 1993 +). According to published records, + +palmeirimi +sensu stricto + +has been collected at the +type +locality on the coast of Mozambique and Richards Bay, a town on the coast of KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa ( +Worth & de Meillon 1960 +; + +Eckard +et al +. 1988 + +; +Jupp 1996 +, see note below), whereas subspecies + +dundo + +is only known from the +type +locality of Dundo, Angola, where it was collected in gallery forest amid savannah ( +da Cunha Ramos 1993 +) located approximately +24 km +south of the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The +type +locality of + +dundo + +lies approximately +2,000 km +northwest of the +type +locality of + +palmeirimi +sensu stricto + +. Although the adult males, larvae and pupae of the two nominal forms are unknown, considering the distance between the +type +localities, the coastal versus savannah environment and the morphological features which clearly distinguish the adult females, we believe that discovery and integrated study of the unknown life stages will reveal that the two forms are distinct species. Consequently, we agree with the Encyclopedia of Life that + +dundo + +should be recognized as a separate species, at least until proven otherwise, and we hereby recognize it as such: + + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +dundo + + +da +Cunha +Ramos, 1993 + + +. + + +Note +. + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +, in error, indicated that +Jupp (1996) +provided illustrations of the male and female of + +Ur. palmeirimi + +. Jupp distinguished + +palmeirimi + +from + +Ur. hopkinsi +Edwards, 1932b + +in a key to the adults of the subgenus + +Uranotaenia + +in southern Africa, but he did not include illustrations for either of the two species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB60AD1FF54F90CFC105CB8.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB60AD1FF54F90CFC105CB8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7ce6d879d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB60AD1FF54F90CFC105CB8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +novaguinensis +Peters + + + + + + + +subspecies + +alticola +Peters, 1963 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia novaguinensis alticola + +. Distribution: +Papua New Guinea +(Peters 1963). + + +subspecies + +novaguinensis +Peters, 1963 + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia novaguinensis + +. Distribution: +Australia +, +Papua New +Guinea ( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + + + +Peters (1963) described both the nominate form of this species and subspecies + +alticola + +, the former reared from larvae collected at the “edge of a slow running stream” near Maprik town in the present-day +Maprik District +of +East Sepik Province +in +Papua New Guinea +, and the latter from a male ( +holotype +) and female collected at Goroka, the capital of the +Eastern Highlands Province +and Minj in +Western Highlands District +of +Papua New Guinea +, respectively. Peters stated that the larva of the nominate form was indistinguishable from the larva of + +Ur. paranovaguinensis + +but the pupa differed slightly from the pupa of that species, which he described as a new species in the same paper. He distinguished subspecies + +alticola + +from + +novaguinensis +sensu stricto + +based principally on “less extensive pale hind tarsal scaling in both sexes” and noted that the larval and pupal stages, although “not definitely associated” with the adults, were “apparently indistinguishable, except for slightly greater size, from the type form.” The descriptions of both forms were very superficial, especially for the immature stages, and Peters only crudely illustrated the aedeagus of the nominate form. The following extract from Peters (1963) is insightful. + + +In the absence of distinguishing features in the females of + +U. paranovaguinensis + +and + +novaguinensis + +, it is difficult to be dogmatic about their respective distributions.… Males of + +novaguinensis + +have been found in association with the former species at Maprik and Koitaki but so far not in the +Milne Bay +area. Females, so far unidentified, have been found in all three areas as well as at Iamalele (Fergusson Island, D’Entrecastaux Islands, +Milne Bay District +). No differences could be observed between any of these females. + + + +A series of +eight females +of this +complex +[emphasis ours] was taken in a +light trap +at +Yambi +(about +15 miles +south of +Maprik +). +These +were slightly different from “typical” females + +…. + + +The highland subspecies + +alticola + +has been taken in all three highland districts at altitudes of +5000 feet +[ +1,524 m +] and above, but so far nowhere below this altitude. Much more extensive collecting, particularly of associated larvae, pupae and adults is required to define the distribution of +this species complex +[emphasis ours]. It is most likely that such collecting will reveal not only that the complex is widely distributed throughout the New +Guinea +mainland, including that of +Netherlands +New +Guinea +, but that several other species or subspecies exist that have so far evaded identification. + + +Peters (1964) +diagrammatically compared the lengths of the proboscis and legs of seven + +Uranotaenia +species + +and the two subspecies of + +novaguinensis + +that were known at the time to occur on New +Guinea Island +. Those comparisons clearly indicate, as observed by Peters (1963), that the male of subspecies + +alticola + +is larger than the male of the nominate form, approximately 1.3 times larger, which is a significant difference. + + +In a summary of what is known about subspecies + +alticola +, + +Lee +et al +. (1989b) + + +noted that “Peters (1963d) examined unassociated larvae from Minj which showed no apparent differences from the larva of the +type +form, + +n. +novaguinensis + +. At a later date he collected larvae associated with adults of + +n. +alticola + +which differed at least superficially from the original batch. He concluded that it is possible that more than one species or subspecies of + +Uranotaenia + +is present at Minj, although he originally considered that only the form described as + +n. +alticola + +existed there.” We were unable to find a reference to a “later date” when Peters “collected larvae associated with adults of + +n. +alticola + +.” + + +Species of + +Uranotaenia + +, especially those of the subgenus + +Uranotaenia + +, are markedly “homogeneous” ( + +Galindo +et al +. 1954 + +; +Peyton 1972 +). That said, the immature stages of most species are not fully known and have not been adequately studied. In his study of the subgenus + +Pseudoficalbia + +in +Southeast +Asia, +Peyton (1977) +flatly stated that “The immature stages are extremely diverse and offer many good characters for subgeneric, group and specific determinations. These are often of paramount importance in the diagnosis of species with extremely similar adults and male terminalia [genitalia].” Consequently, in view of differences in body size, pale scaling of the hindtarsi and altitudinal distribution, we believe that features of the immature stages, when definitely known for + +alticola + +and fully compared with those of + +novaguinensis + +, will show that the two forms are separate species. Accordingly, we hereby formally recognize + +alticola + +as a distinct species: + + +Uranotaenia +( +Uranotaenia +) +alticola +Peters, 1963 + + +. + +Uranotaenia alticola + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB70AD2FF54FCECFAF05C54.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB70AD2FF54FCECFAF05C54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b8cf7c72957 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBAB70AD2FF54FCECFAF05C54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,526 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +unguiculata +Edwards + + + + + + + +subspecies +pefflyi +Stone, 1961a +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia unguiculata pefflyi + +. Distribution: +Saudi Arabia +( +Stone +1961a). + + +subspecies + +unguiculata +Edwards, 1913c + +—original combination: + +Uranotaenia unguiculata + +. Distribution: +Afghanistan +, +Albania +, +Algeria +, +Armenia +, +Austria +, +Azerbaijan +, +Bulgaria +, Crimea, +Croatia +, +Czech Republic +, +Egypt +, +France +, FYRO +Macedonia +, +Georgia +, +Germany +, +Greece +, +Hungary +, +India +, +Iran +, +Iraq +, +Israel +, +Italy +, +Jordan +, +Kazakhstan +, +Kosovo +, +Kyrgyzstan +, +Lebanon +, +Malta +, +Moldova +, +Montenegro +, +Morocco +, +Pakistan +, +Portugal +, +Romania +, +Russia +, +Saudi Arabia +, +Serbia +, +Slovakia +, +Spain +, +Syria +, +Tajikistan +, +Tunisia +, +Turkey +, +Turkmenistan +, +Ukraine +, +Uzbekistan +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +, see below regarding +Saudi +Arabia). + + + + +Edwards (1913c) +described + +Ur. unguiculata + +from a single adult male collected at Tiberias, a city in +Israel +located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. The species is widely distributed in the Mediterranean region, extending northward to +Germany +, eastward to southern +Ukraine +and the Volga delta, to middle and southwestern Asia [subspecies +pefflyi +], +Iran +and +Pakistan +( + +Becker +et al +. 2020 + +; +Bromley-Schnur 2021 +). + + +Stone (1961a) +described subspecies +pefflyi +from +eight females +and +10 males +collected at “Qatif Oasis, +Al Hasa Province +, +Saudi Arabia +”. Today, Qatif Oasis is an urban area known as Qatif or Al-Qatif Governorate on the Persian Gulf coast of +Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province +(the former +Al Hasa Province +is now the largest governorate of the +Eastern Province +). + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +listed +Saudi Arabia +for the distribution of + +unguiculata + +, but this obviously came from outdated reports or records published by various researchers, +e.g. +Alahmed (2012) +and + +Khater +et al +. (2013) + +, who apparently were unaware of the description of subspecies +pefflyi +, as noted by + +Alahmed +et al +. (2019) + +. In addition to Qatif, specimens identified merely as + +Ur +. +unguiculata + +have been collected at other locations on the Persian Gulf coast of the +Eastern Province +(Al Dammam and Al Khobar); Al Hasa (or Al Ahsa), the largest city of Al Hasa Governorate located about +65 km +west of the Persian Gulf, named after Al Hasa Oasis; and Jezan ( +Jazan +, also spelled +Jizan +, Gizan or Gazan), a port city and capital of +Jazan Province +, located on the Red Sea coast directly north of +Yemen +in southwestern +Saudi Arabia +( + +Wills +et al +. 1985 + +; +Alahmed 2012 +; + +Khater +et al +. 2013 + +). Based on these records, + +Alahmed +et al +. (2019) + +stated that “it is unlikely that the typical form, + +Ur. unguiculata unguiculata + +, is present in the country”. + + +The typical form is recorded as far south as +Baghdad +and +Karbala +, located about +100 km +southwest of +Baghdad +, in central +Iraq +( +Khattat 1955 +). Subspecies +pefflyi +has not been recorded north of Qatif in +Saudi Arabia +, located approximately +320 km +southeast of +Karbala +, +Iraq +. +Alahmed (2012) +made collections of adult and larval mosquitoes at “Hafar Al Batin” (also spelled Hafr Al Batin), located about +74 km +from the +Iraq +border in the north of Saudi Arabia’s Eastern Province, but no specimens of + +Ur. unguiculata + +were collected. + + +Filatov (2017) +mapped the available distribution records for + +Ur. unguiculata unquiculata + +in the western Palaearctic, from +Portugal +eastward to northern +India +and +Kyrgyzstan +, but no records were included for +Saudi Arabia +. Filatov then applied a species distribution modelling approach, using maximum entropy (Maxent) software, to predict the potential distribution of the subspecies in the region based on habitat suitability determined by comparing environmental data at sites where the subspecies had been recorded with sites across the region. Most areas of the region where the typical form has been recorded were ranked as highly suitable, with some intervening and flanking areas ranked as very highly suitable, including the +type +locality in +Israel +, and moderately suitable. Except for a few small areas in northern +Saudi Arabia +that were rated as moderate or low suitability, all areas of the country where subspecies +pefflyi +has been recorded were found to be unsuitable. Oddly, sites in +Egypt +along the Nile River some distance south of the Mediterranean coast and at Siwa Oasis near the Libyan border where + +Ur. unguiculata + +has been recorded were also classified as environmentally unsuitable. + + + +For his description of subspecies +pefflyi +, +Stone (1961a) +compared specimens from +Qatif Oasis +with the original description of + +unguiculata + +and +10 specimens +(adults) from +Algeria, France, Iran, Iraq, Israel +and +Macedonia +. He noted that +pefflyi +agreed “with the typical subspecies in all particulars except as shown in the following comparative statements + +. + + + +ssp. +pefflyi +: Smaller + +, the wing length 1.78–2.38 mm (mean of +10 ♀♀ +, 10 ♂♂ 1.9 mm). Integument of thorax nearly black, paler only below the pleural scale stripe; dark scales of thorax and abdomen nearly black; usually some dark scales on venter of abdomen; lateral patches of white scales usually confined to terga 5–7. + + + +ssp. +unguiculata +: Larger + +, the wing length 2.21–3.4 mm (mean of +5 ♀♀ +, 5 ♂♂ 2.81 mm). Integument of thorax orange brown, slightly darker just mediad of marginal pale scale stripe of scutum; pleura mostly yellowish brown; dark scales of thorax and abdomen rich orange brown, but distinctly not black brown; scales of venter all pale; pale lateral scale patches of abdomen usually start on tergum 2. + + +The adults of the typical subspecies have been described by a number of authors ( +Edwards 1913c +; +Barraud 1934 +; + +Harant +et al +. 1952 + +; Senevet & Andarelli 1959; + +Gutsevich +et al +. 1971 + +, 1974; + +Becker +et al +. 2020 + +), but most of the information in the descriptions is not comparable with the information provided by +Stone (1961a) +. None of the authors measured the length of the wings and, not surprisingly, they do not agree on the color of the thoracic and abdominal scaling. +Barraud (1934) +is the only author who mentioned the color of the thoracic integument: Mesonotum dark brown or black, not orange brown (Stone); pleura brownish-black, not mostly yellowish brown (Stone). + + +It is obvious that + +Ur. unguiculata + +in +Saudi Arabia +is only found in isolated locations. A question which cannot be answered at this time is whether subspecies +pefflyi +, as described by Stone, can be identified as such in areas other than Qatif Oasis—after all, isolated populations more recently found in other parts of the country ( + +Wills +et al +. 1985 + +; +Alahmed 2012 +; + +Khater +et al +. 2013 + +) have been identified as merely “ + +unguiculata + +”. + + +Our impression is that the isolated populations in +Saudi Arabia +are relicts of a species that was more widespread in the past, with populations throughout the Arabian Peninsula until it began to dry up and become desert about 5,000 years ago ( +Brand 2018 +). In as much as the populations in +Saudi Arabia +are readily identifiable as + +Ur. unguiculata + +, and the available data indicate that it is a morphologically variable species, we believe it is in the best interests of science to regard +pefflyi +as nothing more than a morphological variant of a single species. Consequently, we hereby formally classify subspecies +pefflyi +as a synonymous name: + +pefflyi +Stone, 1961a +, junior subjective synonym of + +Uranotaenia +( +Pseudoficalbia +) +unguiculata +Edwards, 1913c + + +. Synonym +pefflyi +, which is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life, should be removed from the list of recognized species of the genus + +Uranotaenia + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBABB0ADEFF54F910FB8E5C70.xml b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBABB0ADEFF54F910FB8E5C70.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9495fca50db --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/87/161B87CDBABB0ADEFF54F910FB8E5C70.xml @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ + + + +The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification + + + +Author + +Harbach, Ralph E. +0000-0003-1384-6972 +r.harbach@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Wilkerson, Richard C. +0000-0001-6366-1357 +wilkersonr@si.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +5303 + + +1 + + +1 +184 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +53758 +10.11646/zootaxa.5303.1.1 +55cb0aa4-25b5-43fc-b545-54697a22b641 +1175-5326 +8043342 +DE9C1F18-5CEE-4968-9991-075B977966FE + + + + + + + +Wyeomyia +( +Miamyia +) +hosautos +Dyar & Knab + + + + + + + +subspecies + +hosautos +Dyar & Knab, 1907 + +—original combination: + +Wyeomyia hosautus + +[ +sic +]. Distribution: +Brazil +, +Colombia +, +Panama +( + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +subspecies + +leucotarsis +Lane, 1936b + +—original combination: + +Wyeomyia hosautos +var. +leucotarsis + +(subspecific status by +Harbach +& Howard 2007). Distribution: +Brazil +( +Lane 1936b +). + + + + + +Wyeomyia hosautos + +has two synonyms: + +Wy +. +euethes + +and + +Wy +. +symmachus + +, both described by +Dyar & Knab (1909b) +. The three nominal forms were all described from females and have the same +type +locality, +i.e. +Tabernilla, Canal Zone, +Panama +. + +Howard +et al +. (1915) + +synonymized + +euethes + +with + +symmachus + +, which they treated as a species separate from + +hosautos + +. That synonymy was recognized by +Dyar (1919a) +, but he later ( +Dyar 1922 +) recognized both + +euethes + +and + +symmachus + +as synonyms of + +hosautos + +(without explanation but apparently for the reason given below). In summary, +Dyar (1922) +is credited with the synonymy of + +euethes + +and + +symmachus + +with + +hosautos + +, which continued to be recognized until the present ( +Dyar 1923 +; +Bonne & Bonne-Wepster 1925 +; +Dyar 1928 +; +Edwards 1932a +; +Lane 1953 +; + +Stone +et al +. 1959 + +; +Knight & Stone 1977 +; +Harbach 2018 +; + +Wilkerson +et al +. 2021 + +). + + +The nominotypical form was described from a single adult. +Dyar & Knab (1909b) +did not mention the sex of the specimen; consequently, it was indicated merely as an adult (A) in the catalogs of + +Stone +et al +. (1959) + +, +Knight & Stone (1977) +and + +Wilkerson +et al +. (2021) + +. However, the specimen is obviously a female based on +Dyar (1928) +, who described the female and explicitly stated that the male and larva were unknown. The specimen ( +holotype +) is in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History, +Washington +, D.C. ( +Stone & Knight 1957b +). + +Wyeomyia euethes + +was described from +one female +and + +Wy +. +symmachus + +was described from +two females +bred from larvae ( +Dyar & Knab 1909b +). + + +Subspecies + +leucotarsis + +was described from +eight specimens +captured on human bait in forest in Bôa Esperança and Pocinho, state of +Mato Grosso +, +Brazil +( +Lane 1936b +). The location of the +eight syntypes +is unknown ( + +Belkin +et al +. 1971 + +). + + +The recognition of + +leucotarsis + +, originally described as a variety ( +Lane 1936b +) and raised to subspecific rank by +Harbach & Howard (2007) +, “Because Lane clearly did not propose the name for an infrasubspecific entity” (Article 45.6.4, +International Code of Zoological Nomenclature +), is based solely on the presence of more extensive pale scaling on the hindtarsus than is present in + +hosautos +sensu stricto + +. +Lane (1936b) +stated: “…in this species [ + +hosautos + +] only the two distal tarsi [tarsomeres] of the hind tarsi are marked in white. In our specimens this marking is much more extensive and goes from the distal portion of the second to fifth tarsus [hindtarsomeres 2–5]. For this reason, we believe that this species is new, which could only be proven with a more complete biology, or a variety. Since this is the only difference, we prefer to take this last option [translated from the Portuguese].” + + +It is interesting that +Dyar & Knab (1907) +only mentioned the pale scaling of the midleg, not the hindleg, in the original description of + +hosautos + +: “the middle legs with the tip of the second and the succeeding joints [tarsomeres] silvery white on the inner side”. In contrast, +Dyar & Knab (1909b) +described + +euethes + +as having “…the mid tarsi with the tip of the second, the third to fifth joints white below, hind tarsi with the fourth and fifth joints white below except at the tip” and described + +symmachus + +as having the “hind tarsi with the last two joints white-scaled beneath nearly to their apices; mid tarsi with the apical three-fourths of the second, and all of the succeeding joints silvery white-scaled beneath”. Obviously, the synonymy of + +euethes + +and + +symmachus + +with + +hosautos + +by +Dyar (1922) +signifies that hindtarsomeres 4 and 5 of + +hosautos + +are also white-scaled beneath (ventrally). We note that midtarsomere 2 is more extensively pale-scaled in + +symmachus + +, which may be a specific difference, but choose to retain it as a synonym of + +hosautos + +pending further study. + + +Based on what is presently known about pale scaling on the legs of other New World sabethines, there seems to be little doubt that the position and degree of pale markings, particularly on the mid- and hindlegs, is a distinctive feature of individual species. For this reason, we feel that +Lane (1936b) +should have acted on his intuitive belief and should have described + +leucotarsis + +as a new species. Accordingly, we hereby upgrade + +leucotarsis + +to the rank of species: + + +Wyeomyia +( +Miamyia +) +leucotarsis +Lane, 1936b + + +. We firmly believe that further collection and comparative study of link-reared adults with associated larval and pupal stages and dissected male genitalia will confirm that + +Wy +. +leucotarsis + +and + +Wy +. +hosautos + +are separate species, which appear to have separate geographic distributions. + +Wyeomyia leucotarsis + +is currently listed as a species in the Encyclopedia of Life. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF01FFC992E4FC8CFAD60C09.xml b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF01FFC992E4FC8CFAD60C09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..164daeca1c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF01FFC992E4FC8CFAD60C09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ + + + +Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ou, Shan-Sheng +Guangxi Agricultural Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530007, China; E-mail: oss 9503 @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wang, Guo-Quan +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wei, Sui-Gai +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + +text + + +Zoological Systematics + + +2014 + +39 + + +4 + + +496 +506 + + + +journal article +4180 +10.11865/zs.20140403 +3bce40b0-fd50-42b6-ad1c-cd4c8feca0a0 +2095-6827 +4617402 +270125F3-5CE6-4D30-9C0E-A10A027C0F6D + + + + + + + +Abacarus paniceus + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 7–12 +) + + + + + +Description. Female ( +n +=15). Body fusiform, whitish, 148 (119–157), 42 (40–47) wide. + + +Gnathosoma. Curved obliquely downward, 17 (16–18); dorsal pedipalp genual setae ( +d +) 6 (5–7), pedipalp coxal setae ( +ep +) 4 (3–5), cheliceral stylets 15 (14–20). + + +Prodorsal shield. 40 (37–43), 40 (34–40)wide, frontal lobe 8 (8–10), median line discontinuous, and submedian lines incomplete, admedian lines complete; sides of shield with scorings; scapular tubercles near rear shield margin, 30 (28–32) apart, scapular setae ( +sc +) 15 (15–16), directed backward and divergently. + + +Coxae. Prosternal apodeme present, coxal area with short lines; anterolateral setae on coxisternum І ( +1b +) 4 (3–6), 7 (6–7) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum І ( +1a +) 15 (10–16), 5 (4–6) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum ІІ ( +2a +) 18 (17–18), 18 (16–18) apart. Coxi-genital annuli 4–5. + + +Legs. Segments normal. Leg I 29 (26–31), femur 9 (8–9), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 8 (7–11); genu 5 (4–5), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 28 (25–30); tibia 6 (6–7), paraxial tibial setae ( +l' +) located at center, 6 (6–7); tarsus 7 (6–8), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 20 (19–23), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 21 (18–25), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 4 (3–4); tarsal empodium 10 (9–10), 8-rayed, tarsal solenidion 9 (8–9), tapered. Leg II 24 (24–28), femur 8 (8–9), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 7 (7–10); genu 4 (4–5), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 13 (7–13); tibia 5 (5–6); tarsus 5 (5–6), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 8 (5–8), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 25 (22–25), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 4 (3–4); tarsal empodium 9 (9–10), 8-rayed, tarsal solenidion 10 (9–10), tapered. + + +Opisthosoma. Dorsum with a median ridge and lateral ridges, median ridge shorter than submedian ridges, dorsal annuli 41 (40–43), dorsal aspect smooth, dorsal annuli at lateral parts with rounded microtubercles; ventral annuli 63 (61–64), with rounded microtubercles; setae +c2 +40 (35–45), on ventral annulus 12th; setae +d +53 (45–60), 28 (25–31) apart, on ventral annulus 28th; setae +e +12 (11–14), 12 (10–15) apart, on ventral annulus 41th; setae +f +25 (20–35), 15 (15–16) apart, on 6th ventral annulus from rear; setae +h1 +absent, setae +h2 +52 (45–65). + + +Female genitalia. Coverflap with 12–14 longitudinal ridges, 15 (13–15), 22 (20–22) wide, setae +3a +10 (9–10), 15 (13–16) apart. + + +Male ( +n +=1). Body fusiform, 107, 30 wide, male genitalia 12 wide, setae ( +3a +) 9, 6 apart. + + + +Material +examined. +Holotype +female, +Xincheng County +( +24°0′N +, +108°36′E +), +Guangxi Zhuang +Autonomous Region +, +China +, + +20 May 2011 + +, from + +Panicum notatum +Retz. (Poaceae) + +, coll. +Shan-Sheng Ou +and +Sui-Gai Wei. + + +Paratypes +14 females +and +1 male +, mounted on individual slide, same data as holotype + +. + +Biology. The mites are free-living on the undersurface of leaves, no conspicuous damage was observed. + +Etymology. This species is named after the generic name of the +type +host plant. + + +Remarks. This new species is similar to + +A. arunis +Chen, Wei & Qin, 2004 + +, but can be diagnosed by: opisthosoma dorsal aspect smooth, dorsal annuli at lateral parts with rounded microtubercles; ventral annuli with rounded microtubercles; tarsal empodium 8-rayed. In + +A. arunis + +, the opisthosoma with a little fan-shaped design on the dorsal median ridge of 1–22 annuli, each dorsal annulus with 3–4 short lines on lateral ridges; tarsal empodium 7-rayed (Chen, Wei & Qin, 2004). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF03FFCC92E4FCE6FAD409D6.xml b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF03FFCC92E4FCE6FAD409D6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e48c7f67967 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF03FFCC92E4FCE6FAD409D6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ou, Shan-Sheng +Guangxi Agricultural Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530007, China; E-mail: oss 9503 @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wang, Guo-Quan +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wei, Sui-Gai +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + +text + + +Zoological Systematics + + +2014 + +39 + + +4 + + +496 +506 + + + +journal article +4180 +10.11865/zs.20140403 +3bce40b0-fd50-42b6-ad1c-cd4c8feca0a0 +2095-6827 +4617402 +270125F3-5CE6-4D30-9C0E-A10A027C0F6D + + + + + + +Subfamily: + +Phyllocoptinae +Nalepa, 1892 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Phyllocoptinae +was established by +Nalepa (1892) +and is characterized by following characters: body fusiform; gnathosoma relatively smaller than in other families compared with the body, projecting obliquely downwards; prodorsal shield with frontal lobe; scapular setae present or absent; division of legs normal; opisthosoma with broad dorsal annuli and narrow ventral annuli. + + +Five tribes are included in the +Phyllocoptinae +: +Acaricalini Amrine & Stasny, 1994 +, +Calacarini Amrine & Stasny, 1994 +, +Tegonotini Bagdasarian, 1978 +, + +Phyllocoptini +Nalepa, 1892 + +, +Anthocoptini Amrine & Stasny, 1994 +. The mites described here belong to three tribes: +Anthocoptini +, +Acaricalini +and +Tegonotini +. + + +Anthocoptini Amrine & Stasny, 1994 +. Dorsal annuli lacking latral extensions; prodorsal shield with scapular setae on or near margin; setae usually directed divergently posteriaed; scapular setae with tubercles either cylindrical or rounded, or with basal axes transverse. + + + + +Acaricalini Amrine & Stasny, 1994 +. With divided empodium. + + +Tegonotini Bagdasarian, 1978 +. Prodorsal shield with prominent scapular setae; dorsal annuli with laterally extended lobes or pointed projections from all or some of the annuli, or from a lateral anterior opisthosomal expension. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF03FFCE92E4FAC3FD850E01.xml b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF03FFCE92E4FAC3FD850E01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..94e65259108 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF03FFCE92E4FAC3FD850E01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,244 @@ + + + +Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ou, Shan-Sheng +Guangxi Agricultural Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530007, China; E-mail: oss 9503 @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wang, Guo-Quan +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wei, Sui-Gai +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + +text + + +Zoological Systematics + + +2014 + +39 + + +4 + + +496 +506 + + + +journal article +4180 +10.11865/zs.20140403 +3bce40b0-fd50-42b6-ad1c-cd4c8feca0a0 +2095-6827 +4617402 +270125F3-5CE6-4D30-9C0E-A10A027C0F6D + + + + + + + +Tegolophus liquidambaricola + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 1–6 +) + + + + + +Description. Female ( +n +=13). Body fusiform, whitish, 138 (132–163), 50 (42–50) wide. + + +Gnathosoma. Curved obliquely downward, 18 (17–19); dorsal pedipalp genual setae ( +d +) 6 (6–7), pedipalp coxal setae ( +ep +) 3 (3–4), cheliceral stylets 16 (15–16). + + +Prodorsal shield. 46 (45–46), 43 (38–45) wide, frontal lobe 8 (7–9), shield design median line absent, and with faint admedian lines and submedian lines, admedian lines complete, convex in middle, and submedian lines from base to basal 3/5, runs almost parallel to lateral shield margin. Scapular tubercles near rear shield margin, 37 (32–40) apart, scapular setae ( +sc +) 7 (6–8), directed backward and divergently. + + +Coxae. Prosternal apodeme present, coxal area smooth; anterolateral setae on coxisternum І ( +1b +) 4 (3–4), 10 (9–10) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum І ( +1a +) 9 (8–9), 7 (6–7) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum ІІ ( +2a +) 25 (25–31), 18 (16–18) apart. Coxi-genital annuli 5–6. + + +Legs. Segments normal. Leg I 24 (21–25), femur 9 (8–9), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 8 (6–8); genu 3 (3–4), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 18 (15–20); tibia 5 (4–5), paraxial tibial setae ( +l' +) located 1/3 at base, 2 (2–3); tarsus 5 (4–5), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 14 (13–16), antaxial fastigial tarsal seta ( +ft'' +) 17 (15–19), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 3 (3–4); tarsal empodium 5 (4–5), 4-rayed, tarsal solenidion 6 (6–7), knobbed. Leg II 23 (22–26), femur 8 (8–9), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 7 (6–7); genu 3 (3–4), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 6 (4–6); tibia 5 (4–5); tarsus 5 (5–6), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 6 (5–6), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 15 (14–18), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 4 (3–4); tarsal empodium 5 (4–5), 4-rayed, tarsal solenidion 6 (5–6), knobbed. + + + +© +Zoological Systematics +, 39(4): 496–506 + + + + +Figs 1–6. + +Tegolophus liquidambaricola + + +sp. nov. + +1. Lateral view of female. 2. Dorsal aspect of female. 3. Coxal-genital area of female. 4. Empodium. 5. Legs I–II. 6. Internal female genitalia. Scale bars: 1–3=20 μm; 4, 6=5 μm; 5=10 μm. + + + + +© +Zoological Systematics +, 39(4): 496–506 + + + +Opisthosoma. Dorsum with a median ridge and two lateral ridges, median ridge not ending before submedian ridges, dorsal annuli 31 (31–33), smooth; ventral annuli 65 (64–68), with rounded microtubercles; setae +c2 +11 (10–13), on ventral annulus 14th; setae +d +35 (28–45), 25 (25–28) apart, on ventral annulus 26th; setae +e +12 (11–14), 13 (11–13) apart, on ventral annulus 42th; setae +f +23 (21–25), 12 (10–12) apart, on 6th ventral annulus from rear; setae +h1 +3 (3–4), setae +h2 +53 (45–66). + + +Female genitalia. Coverflap with 12–14 longitudinal ridges, 15 (13–15), 22 (20–22) wide, setae +3a +9 (8–10), 14 (13–14) apart. + +Male. Unknown. + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype +female +, +Xincheng County +( +24°0′N +, +108°36′E +), +Guangxi Zhuang +Autonomous Region, +China +, + +21 May 2011 + +, from + + +Liquidambar formosana +Hance + +var. ( +Hamamelidaceae +) + +, coll. +Shan-Sheng Ou and Sui-Gai Wei +. + + +Paratypes +12 females +, mounted on individual slide, same data as +holotype +. + + + + +Biology. The mites are free-living on the undersurface of leaves, no conspicuous damage was observed. + + + +Etymology. This species is named after the generic name of the +type +host plant. + + + + +Remarks. This new species is similar to + +T. celtus +Huang, 2001 + +, but can be diagnosed by: admedian lines complete and submedian lines from base to basel 3/5, scapular tubercles near rear shield margin, accessory setae +h1 +present, female genital coverflap with 12–14 longitudinal ridges, empodium 4-rayed. In + +T. celtus + +, the admedian lines from base to basal 3/4, scapular tubercles on rear shield margin, submedian lines and accessory setae +(h1 +) absent, empodium 5-rayed, the female genital coverflap smooth ( +Huang, 2001b +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF07FFC592E4FA29FEFC0F71.xml b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF07FFC592E4FA29FEFC0F71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e124fe3ec9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF07FFC592E4FA29FEFC0F71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,256 @@ + + + +Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ou, Shan-Sheng +Guangxi Agricultural Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530007, China; E-mail: oss 9503 @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wang, Guo-Quan +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wei, Sui-Gai +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + +text + + +Zoological Systematics + + +2014 + +39 + + +4 + + +496 +506 + + + +journal article +4180 +10.11865/zs.20140403 +3bce40b0-fd50-42b6-ad1c-cd4c8feca0a0 +2095-6827 +4617402 +270125F3-5CE6-4D30-9C0E-A10A027C0F6D + + + + + + + +Pentaconvexus lambertianus + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 18–22 +) + + + + + +Description. Female ( +n +=8). Body fusiform, whitish, 148 (131–174), 57 (55–69) wide, 55 (50–58) thick. + + +Gnathosoma. Curved obliquely downward, 25 (24–25); dorsal pedipalp genual setae ( +d +) 13 (10–13), pedipalp coxal setae ( +ep +) 6 (6–8), cheliceral stylets 19 (15–21). + + +Prodorsal shield. 48 (43–50), 48 (46–53) wide, frontal lobe 9 (8–11), shield design without median line, convex in rectangular and between scapular tubercles, admedian lines connected by two transverse lines in distal 1/4, and 1/2 of shield, and forming trapezoid and rectangular, then admedian lines forked from 1/2 of shield to base, submedian lines incomplete. Scapular tubercles set ahead of rear shield margin, 21 (20–25) apart, scapular setae ( +sc +) 7 (6–8), directed upwards. + + +Coxae. Coxae I separated, coxal area with short lines; anterolateral setae on coxisternum І ( +1b +) 6 (5–6), 10 (10–13) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum І ( +1a +) 10 (9–12), 9 (9–12) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum ІІ ( +2a +) 21 (20–25), 20 (19–26) apart. Coxi-genital annuli 4–5. + + +Legs. Segments normal. Leg I 31 (28–33), femur 11 (10–11), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 8 (8–9); genu 4 (4–5), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 25 (22–27); tibia 8 (7–8), paraxial tibial setae ( +l' +) located 1/3 from dorsal base, 4 (3–5); tarsus 5 (4–6), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 17 (15–18), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 18 (17–25), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 4 (3–4); tarsal empodium divided, each empodial branch four-rayed, 4 (4–5), tarsal solenidion 5 (5–6), knobbed. + + + +© +Zoological Systematics +, 39(4): 496–506 + + + + +Figs 13–17. + +Tetra armato + + +sp. nov. + +13. Dorsal aspect of female. 14. Lateral view of annuli (enlarged). 15. Coxigenital area of female. 16. Empodium. 17. Legs I–II. Scale bars: 13, 15=20 μm; 16–17=10 μm. + + + + +© +Zoological Systematics +, 39(4): 496–506 + + + + +Figs 18–22. + +Pentaconvexus lambertianus + + +sp. nov. + +18. Dorsal aspect of female. 19. Anterior lateral view of female. 20. Coxal-genital area of female. 21. Empodium. 22. Internal female genitalia. Scale bars: 18–20=30 μm; 21=5 μm; 22=10 μm. + + + +Leg II 27 (24–29), femur 9 (9–10), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 8 (7–9); genu 4 (3–4), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 6 (6–7); tibia 7 (5–7); tarsus 4 (4–5), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 6 (6–7), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 15 (15–17), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 3 (3–4); tarsal empodium divided, each empodial branch 4-rayed, 4 (3–4), tarsal solenidion 5 (5–6), knobbed. + + +Opisthosoma. Dorsum with a median ridge and lateral ridges, dorsal annuli 32 (31–33), smooth; ventral annuli 63 (61–64), with rounded microtubercles; setae +c2 +10 (7–14), on ventral annulus 9th; setae +d +26 (26–28), 36 (36–38) apart, on ventral annulus 22th; setae +e +12 (10–14), 13 (13–16) apart, on ventral annulus 44th; setae +f +24 (20–28), 13 (13–14) apart, on 6th ventral annulus from rear; setae +h1 +absent, setae +h2 +32 (31–35). + + +Female genitalia. Coverflap with 10–12 longitudinal ridges, 16 (15–16), 22 (20–23) wide, setae ( +3a +) 6 (5–6), 13 (12–13) apart. + + +Male ( +n +=2). Body fusiform, 120–128, 50–54 wide. Male genitalia 15–16 wide, setae ( +3a +) 6–7, 12–15 apart. + + + +© +Zoological Systematics +, 39(4): 496–506 + + + + +Material +examined. +Holotype +female, +Xincheng County +( +24°0′N +, +108°36′E +), +Guangxi Zhuang +Autonomous Region +, +China +, + +21 May 2011 + +, from + +Rubus lambertiannus +Ser. (Rosaceae) + +, coll. +Shan-Sheng Ou +and +Sui-Gai Wei. +Paratypes +7 females +and +2 males +, mounted on individual slide, same data as holotype + +. + +Biology. The mites are free-living on the undersurface of leaves, no conspicuous damage was observed. + +Etymology. This species is named after the specific name of the +type +host plant. + + +Remarks. This new species is similar to + +P. taiwannensis +, Huang, 2001 + +, but can be diagnosed by: shield design without median line, admedian lines forming trapezoid and rectangular; dorsal annuli ridges smooth; submedian lines incomplete; coxae I separated, coxal area with short lines; empodium divided, 4-rayed. In + +P. taiwannensis + +, the shield pentagonal, with projection at lateral and posterolateral areas, shield design with median line, admedian lines complete, submedian line absent; ridges with spiny microtubercles, coxal area smooth; fore coxal prosternal apodeme absent, empodium divided, 6-rayed ( +Huang, 2001b +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF07FFC892E4FF02FD1108BF.xml b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF07FFC892E4FF02FD1108BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce7d262b5ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF07FFC892E4FF02FD1108BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,211 @@ + + + +Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ou, Shan-Sheng +Guangxi Agricultural Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530007, China; E-mail: oss 9503 @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wang, Guo-Quan +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wei, Sui-Gai +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + +text + + +Zoological Systematics + + +2014 + +39 + + +4 + + +496 +506 + + + +journal article +4180 +10.11865/zs.20140403 +3bce40b0-fd50-42b6-ad1c-cd4c8feca0a0 +2095-6827 +4617402 +270125F3-5CE6-4D30-9C0E-A10A027C0F6D + + + + + + + +Tetra armato + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 13–17 +) + + + + + +Description. Female ( +n +=10). Body fusiform, yellowish, 145 (118–194), 58 (39–63) wide. + + +Gnathosoma. Curved obliquely downward, 23 (20–24); dorsal pedipalp genual setae ( +d +) 7 (6–11), pedipalp coxal setae ( +ep +) 3 (3–4), cheliceral stylets 19 (19–25). + + +Prodorsal shield. 43 (40–46), 40 (38–46) wide, frontal lobe 10 (9–11), shield design with median line from base to basal 1/3, admedian lines complete, median line and admedian lines connected by two trasverse lines at basal 1/3 and 1/6, and submedian lines connected to admedian lines in distal 1/3 of shield, submidian lines connected at base. Scapular tubercles near rear margin, 38 (30–38) apart, scapular setae ( +sc +) 9 (9–10), directed backward and divergently. + + +Coxae. Prosternal apodeme present, coxal area smooth; anterolateral setae on coxisternum І ( +1b +) 5 (3–8), 12 (11–12) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum І ( +1a +) 14 (8–15), 8 (7–8) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum ІІ ( +2a +) 28 (15–33), 22(21–24) apart. Coxi-genital annuli 4–6. + + +Legs. Segments normal. Leg I 30 (29–33), femur 8 (8–9), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 8 (6–10); genu 5 (5–6), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 18 (15–20); tibia 8(8–9), paraxial tibial setae ( +l' +) located at center, 3 (2–3); tarsus 6 (5–6), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 10 (10–13), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 20 (15–23), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 3 (2–3); tarsal empodium 4 (4–5), 4-rayed, tarsal solenidion 5 (5–6), knobbed. Leg II 27 (27–32), femur 8 (8–9), basiventral femoral seta ( +bv +) 7 (6–7); genu 4 (4–5), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 6 (6–8); tibia 7 (7–8); tarsus 5 (5–6), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 5 (5–8), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 18 (15–20), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 3 (2–3); tarsal empodium 4 (4–5), 4-rayed, tarsal solenidion 5 (5–6), knobbed. + + +Opisthosoma. Dorsum with a wide middorsal longitudinal furrow and two lateral ridges; dorsal annuli 32 (31–33), smooth; ventral annuli 63 (61–65), with rounded microtubercles; setae +c2 +18 (15–20), on ventral annulus 13th; setae +d +38 (28–55), 30 (30–32) apart, on ventral annulus 31th; setae +e +16 (15–18), 18 (18–19) apart, on ventral annulus 48th; setae +f +20 (19–25), 23 (23–24) apart, on 6th ventral annulus from rear; setae +h1 +3 (3–4), setae +h2 +51 (45–58). + + +Female genitalia. Coverflap with 12–14 longitudinal ridges, 15 (12–16), 20 (18–23) wide, setae ( +3a +) 10 (10–13), 13 (12–13) apart. + +Male. Unkonwn. + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype +female +, +Xincheng County +( +24°0′N +, +108°36′E +), +Guangxi Zhuang +Autonomous Region, +China +, + +20 May 2011 + +, from + + +Zanthoxylum armatum +DC. var. +armatum +(Rutaceae) + + +, coll. +Shan-Sheng Ou and Sui-Gai Wei +. + + +Paratypes +9 females +, mounted on individual slide, same data as +holotype +. + + + + +Biology. The mites are free-living on the undersurface of leaves, no conspicuous damage was observed. + + + +Etymology. This species is named after the specific name of the +type +host plant. + + + + +Remarks. This new species is similar to + +T. lucidi +Xue + +, Song & Hong, 2006, but can be diagnosed by: admedian lines complete, median line and admedian lines connected by two trasverse lines at basal 1/3 and 1/6, female coverflap without transverse lines at base. In + +T. lucidi + +, the prodorsal shield median line separate from admedian lines, female coverflap with two transverse lines at base (Xue, Song & Hong, 2006). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF0AFFC492E4FD7CFD860AA4.xml b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF0AFFC492E4FD7CFD860AA4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8506176202c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1B/B1/161BB14FBF0AFFC492E4FD7CFD860AA4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ + + + +Five new species of Phyllocoptinae (Acari: Eriophyoidea: Eriophyidae) from China + + + +Author + +Ou, Shan-Sheng +Guangxi Agricultural Vocational & Technical College, Nanning 530007, China; E-mail: oss 9503 @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wang, Guo-Quan +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + + + +Author + +Wei, Sui-Gai +Department of Plant Protection, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China Corresponding author, E-mail: weisuigaiwsg @ 163. com + +text + + +Zoological Systematics + + +2014 + +39 + + +4 + + +496 +506 + + + +journal article +4180 +10.11865/zs.20140403 +3bce40b0-fd50-42b6-ad1c-cd4c8feca0a0 +2095-6827 +4617402 +270125F3-5CE6-4D30-9C0E-A10A027C0F6D + + + + + + + +Parategonotus acanthopanacinus + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 23–28 +) + + + + + +Description. Female ( +n +=14). Body fusiform, whitish, slightly dorsoventrally flattened, 184 (173–194), 60 (59–66) wide, 35 (33–38) thick. + + +Gnathosoma. Curved obliquely downward, 23 (22–25); dorsal pedipalp genual setae ( +d +) 7 (7–8), pedipalp coxal setae ( +ep +) 3 (2–3), cheliceral stylets 15 (15–19). + + +Prodorsal shield. 50 (49–53), 63 (54–70) wide, frontal lobe emarginated, antapical with transparent cone-shaped, frontal lobe 12 (10–13), shield design with median line absent, submedian lines discontinuous, admedian lines forming three sub rhombus pattern. Scapular tubercles ahead of rear margin, 26 (23–26) apart, scapular setae ( +sc +) 8 (5–9), directed upward. + + +Coxae. Prosternal apodeme present, coxal area smooth; anterolateral setae on coxisternum І ( +1b +) absent; proximal setae on coxisternum І ( +1a +) 7 (6–8), 6 (6–7) apart; proximal setae on coxisternum ІІ ( +2a +) 22 (18–25), 20 (18–21) apart. Coxi-genital annuli 5. + + +Legs. Segments normal. Leg I 28 (24–30), femur 11 (9–12), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 6 (5–6); genu 3 (2–3), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) 19 (19–26); tibia 7 (7–8), paraxial tibial setae ( +l' +) located 1/3 at base, 2 (2–3); tarsus 5 (4–5), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 13 (10–16), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 15 (14–18), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 3 (3–4); tarsal empodium 4 (4–5), 4-rayed, tarsal solenidion 5 (5–6), knobbed. Leg II 24 (23–28), femur 10 (10–12), basiventral femoral setae ( +bv +) 5 (5–6); genu 3 (2–3), antaxial genual setae ( +l'' +) absent; tibia 5 (5–6); tarsus 4 (4–5), paraxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft' +) 3 (3–5), antaxial fastigial tarsal setae ( +ft'' +) 14 (13–18), paraxial unguinal tarsal setae ( +u' +) 3 (2–3); tarsal empodium 4 (4–5), 4-rayed, tarsal solenidion 5 (5–6), knobbed. + + +Opisthosoma. Dorsum with a median ridge and two lateral ridges, dorsal annuli 27 (27–28), lateral parts with round microtubercles; ventral annuli 51 (50–52), smooth; setae +c2 +12 (10–13), on ventral annulus 8th; setae +d +15 (14–17), 25 (24–25) apart, on ventral annulus 23th; setae +e +6 (5–7), 10 (10–12) apart, on ventral annulus 38th; setae +f +17 (15–19), 16 (16–17) apart, on 4th ventral annulus from rear; setae +h1 +minute, 1–2, setae +h2 +32 (23–43). + + +Female genitalia. 15 (13–16), 18 (17–21) wide, coverflap with 10–12 longitudinal ridges and with three row short cross lines at base, setae +3a +10 (9–10), 13 (13–14) apart. + + +Male ( +n +=6). Body fusiform, 173 (148–183), 52 (52–55) wide, male genitalia 15 (15–16) wide, setae ( +3a +) 7 (7–8), 12 (12–13) apart. + + + +Material +examined. +Holotype +female, +Shengtangshan National Nature Reserve +( +23°54′N +, +110°6′E +), +Jinxiu County +, +Guangxi Zhuang +Autonomous Region +, +China +, + +21 July 2011 + +, from + +Acanthopanax gracilistylus +W. W. Smith (Araliaceae) + +, coll. +Shan-Sheng Ou +and +Sui-Gai Wei. +Paratypes +7 females +and +6 males +, mounted on individual slide, same data as holotype + +. + +Biology. The mites are free-living on the undersurface of leaves, no conspicuous damage was observed. + +Etymology. The species is named after the generic name of the +type +host plant. + + +Remarks. This new species is similar to + +P. phragmitae +Kuang, 1991 + +, but can be diagnosed by: admedian lines forming three sub rhombus patterns from frontal lobe to rear margin, opisthosoma dorsal annuli at lateral parts with rounded microtubercles, female coverflap with three rows short cross lines at base, and with 10–12 longitudinal ridges, accessory setae +h1 +present. In + +P. phragmitae + +, the admedian lines forming a rhombus in distal of shield, then converge forming a small rhombus, opisthosoma annuli smooth dorsoventrally, female coverflap rhombus-shaped, accessory setae +h1 +absent ( +Kuang, 1991 +). + + + +© +Zoological Systematics +, 39(4): 496–506 + + + + +Figs 23–28. + +Parategonotus acanthopanacinus + + +sp. nov. + +23. Dorsal aspect of female. 24. Ventral aspect of female. 25. Coxal-genital area of female. 26. Male genitalia. 27. Empodium. 28. Legs I–II. Scale bars: 23–25=20μm; 26, 28=10 μm; 27=5 μm. + + + +Funding +The work was supported by the Academic Leaders Foundation of +Guangxi +Agricultural Vocational & Technical College. + + +Acknowledgements +We would like to express our deepest gratitude to Hua Li (College of Agriculture, +Guangxi +University) for identifying the host plants. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1C/3A/161C3A52BC43A06EFA0A11C9469F3AB0.xml b/data/16/1C/3A/161C3A52BC43A06EFA0A11C9469F3AB0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a73b9b60053 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1C/3A/161C3A52BC43A06EFA0A11C9469F3AB0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +A revision of six minor genera of Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Ethiopian zoogeographical region. + + + +Author + +Bolton, B. + +text + + +Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology + + +1981 + +43 + + +245 +307 + + + + +http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=6438 + +journal article +6438 + + + + +Terataner luteus (Emery) + +(Figs 38,44,49) + + + +Atopomyrmex luteus Emery +, 1899: 477. Syntype workers, Cameroun (Conradt) (MCSN, Genoa; MCZ, Cambridge) [examined]. + + +Terataner luteus +(Emery) Emery, 1912: 103. Worker. TL 5.0 - 5.8, HL 1.22 - 1.40, HW 1.16 - 1.32, CI 94 - 98, SL 0.74 - 0.80, SI 59 - 66, PW 0.86 - 1.04, AL 1.52 - 1.78 (15 measured). + + + + +Answering to the description of +elegans +and very closely related to it. +T. luteus +differs from +elegans +as follows. + + + + +luteus + + + +Colour uniform dull yellow. +Pronotum broader than long, the pronotal width about equalling or distinctly exceeding the combined lengths of the pro- and mesonotum in dorsal view. +At least in larger specimens the sides of the pronotum in dorsal view distinctly convex (Fig. 49). +Ground-sculpture on dorsum of head very feeble, sometimes almost effaced. + + + +elegans + + + +Colour blackish brown to black on head and gaster, alitrunk reddish or lighter brown. Pronotum about as long as broad, the pronotal width less than the combined lengths of the pro- and mesonotum in dorsal view. +In all specimens the sides of the pronotum in dorsal view only very feebly convex (Fig. 48). +Ground-sculpture on dorsum of head superficial but dense and distinct. + + +Material examined +Ghana: (Cade {D. Leston); Bunso (D. Leston). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1C/49/161C49A9AF6CE4CBDF15B58F7FC02D24.xml b/data/16/1C/49/161C49A9AF6CE4CBDF15B58F7FC02D24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..309ad64bf7c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1C/49/161C49A9AF6CE4CBDF15B58F7FC02D24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ + + + +Updated list of the mosquitoes of Colombia (Diptera: Culicidae) + + + +Author + +Rozo-Lopez, Paula + + + +Author + +Mengual, Ximo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4567 +4567 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 +1314-2828-3-4567 + + + + +Uranotaenia (Uranotaenia) hystera Dyar & Knab, 1913 + + + +Notes + +Barreto-Reyes 1955 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1C/76/161C7664D3615D33C33A82283BAB2DD9.xml b/data/16/1C/76/161C7664D3615D33C33A82283BAB2DD9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bf283a92192 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1C/76/161C7664D3615D33C33A82283BAB2DD9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +[? Epyris tricolor Cameron, 1888] + + + +Notes +Supposedly described from the New Forest, the type is lost and the species has not been satisfactorily interpreted since. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1C/7D/161C7D4932CD22A77568FA7876A58A9D.xml b/data/16/1C/7D/161C7D4932CD22A77568FA7876A58A9D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d7eb17030af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1C/7D/161C7D4932CD22A77568FA7876A58A9D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828--1168 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 + + + + +Craesus alniastri (Scharfenberg, 1805) + + + + +Tenthredo alniastri +Scharfenberg, 1805 + + +Nematus varus +(Villaret, 1832, +Nematus +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D8753DACEA6F07AFB6BE263198B64.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D8753DACEA6F07AFB6BE263198B64.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3172a76301d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D8753DACEA6F07AFB6BE263198B64.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A new species of Lobellina and first record of Vietnura from China (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae) + + + +Author + +Jiang, Ji-Gang + + + +Author + +Huang, Cheng-Wang + + + +Author + +Luan, Yun-Xia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +807 + + +13 +28 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.807.24941 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.807.24941 +1313-2970-807-13 +B32CB55ABBAB424BB1FA245752E0478E +B32CB55ABBAB424BB1FA245752E0478E + + + + +Vitronura paraacuta Wang, Wang & Jiang, 2016 + + + + +Vitronura paraacuta +Wang, Wang & Jiang, 2016: 183-196, figs 1-7 (China) + + + +Material. + +Two females, submature, on slides, five specimens in alcohol, Maolan National Nature Reserve, Libo County, Guizhou Province, China, +25°16.400'N +, +107°53.864'E +, ca. 880 m above sea level. 19 July 2015. Collected by Cheng-Wang Huang, Yan Liang, and Ai-Min Liu. + + + +Diagnosis. + +The characters of the specimens from Maolan are consistent with those of +Vitronura paraacuta +Wang, Wang & Jiang, 2016: body tubercles well differentiated, head with 14 tubercles (only cephalic tubercle L fused to So), 2+2 depigmented eyes, mandible with four teeth, maxilla styliform, tubercles Fr and Oc with three chaetae each, and claw with an inner tooth. + + + +Remarks. + +The arrangement of the dorsal body tubercles and numbers of chaetae on dorsal tubercles of +V. paraacuta +are very similar to those of +V. dentata +Deharveng & Weiner, 1984 from Korea. However, +V. paraacuta +can be differentiated from +V. dentata +by almost smooth body macrochaetae, four teeth on mandible, chaetae Di2, De2 on cephalic tubercle De and chaeta Oca on cephalic tubercle Oc being mesochaetae (vs serrated body macrochaetae, three teeth on mandible, chaetae Di2, De2 on cephalic tubercle De and chaeta Oca on cephalic tubercle Oc being microchaetae in +V. dentata +). The distribution of +V. paraacuta +is given in Fig. 16. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D20FFD249ECB849FC035EEB.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D20FFD249ECB849FC035EEB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..54a1d25e479 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D20FFD249ECB849FC035EEB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes pentagona +Crotch, 1874 + + + + + +( +Figure 4 +) + + + + + + +Chnoodes pentagona + +Crotch, 1874 +: 287 + + +; + +Sicard, 1912 +: 305 + +; + +Korschefsky, 1932 +: 226 + +; + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 450 + +. + + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: +Amazonas +: Itacoatiara, +V.1962 +, Dirings leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Amapá +: Macapá, +2.II.2004 +, A.A.B. Barbosa leg., +2 specimens +( +DZUP +). +Mato Grosso +: Barra do Tapirapé, +14.XII.1964 +, B. Malkin leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). + + + + +Male +. Length 3.12 mm, width 2.64 mm. Body elongate-oval, with long dense yellowish pubescence. General color yellowish brown, pronotum with central black spot; scutellum black. Each elytron with four black spots: the central spots fused, forming a pentagonal spot; and three on the lateral margin of each elytron, one triangular spot on the humeral callus, one rectangular spot in the middle, and one small triangular spot on the apex ( +Figs 4 +A–D). Antennae, mouthparts, hypomera, epipleurum and legs yellowish-brown. Meso, metasternum and first abdominal ventrite black ( +Fig. 4 +B). + + +Genitalia symmetrical; basal lobe wide, half length of parameres, tapered at apex ( +Fig. 4 +E). Parameres wide, elongated, with long bristles throughout their length ( +Fig. 4 +F). Sipho sinuous, with wide siphonal capsule ( +Fig. 4 +G). + + +Female +. Length 3.00–3.40 mm, width 2.40–2.80 mm. Coxites longer than wide, subtriangular; apex mammilliform, with long bristles ( +Fig. 4 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, elongated, with slightly narrowed apex ( + +Fig. +4 + +I). + + +Geographical distribution +. +Brazil +(AM, AP, MT). + + + + +Remarks +. + +Chnoodes pentagona + +( +Fig. 4 +) resembles + +C. brasiliensis + +( +Fig. 1 +), but is clearly distinguished by the size and distribution of the spots on the elytra, and the shape of the genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D22FFD149ECBEA4FD125B93.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D22FFD149ECBEA4FD125B93.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f78e1dd1099 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D22FFD149ECBEA4FD125B93.xml @@ -0,0 +1,355 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes chaudoiri +Mulsant, 1850 + + + + + +( +Figure 2 +) + + + + + + +Chnoodes chaudoiri + +Mulsant, 1850 +: 911 + + +; + +Crotch, 1874 +: 286 + +; + +Brèthes, 1925b +: 207 + +; + +Korschefsky, 1932 +: 226 + +; + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 450 + +; + +Gordon, 1987 +: 34 + +. + + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: Chapada +Brazil +Acc. No. 2966, Oct., +Chnoodes chaudori Muls. +det. Dieke 1954, G.H. Dieke Coll’n. 1965, +2 +specimens ( +USNM +); +Minas Gerais +: Lagoa Santa, Mus. Westerm., +Brasil +, Rhds, +1 specimen +( +ZMUC +); Lagoa Santa, +Chnoodes +sp. det. R. Gordon 86, +1 +specimen ( +ZMUC +); Catas Altas (Serra do Caraça), +27.XI–5.XII.1972 +, Exp. Mus. Zool. leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); +III.1963 +, F. Werner, U. Martins & L. Silva leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Espírito Santo: +Rio São José, +XI.1952 +, B. Soares leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Rio de Janeiro +: +Ilha +Grande (Vila Dois Rios), +18.V.2008 +, Proj. Coleop. leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Petrópolis, +5–7.III.1962 +, J. Bechyné leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), +15.IX.1961 +, J.S. Moure, Alvarenga & Seabra leg., +1 specimen +( +MNRJ +); Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), +X.1961 +, Ex-coleção M. Alvarenga, M. Alvarenga leg., +1 specimen +( +MNRJ +); Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), +3.XII.1965 +, Moure & Seabra leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), Coleção M. Alvarenga, + +X.1967, +1 + +specimen; + +II.1961, +1 + +specimen; + +X.1967, +1 + +specimen; + +V.1963, +2 + +specimens, Alvarenga & Seabra leg. ( +DZUP +, +MNRJ +); Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), +15.X.1976 +, +2 specimens +; +27.X.1975 +, +2 specimens +, M. A. Monné & C. A. Campos Seabra leg. ( +MNRJ +); Rio de Janeiro, +X.1963 +, M. Alvarenga leg., +1 specimen +( +USNM +); Rio de Janeiro (Floresta da Tijuca), Coleção M. Alvarenga, + +II.1961, +2 + +specimens; + +I.1961, +1 + +specimen, C.A. Campos Seabra ( +MNRJ +); Rio de Janeiro (Floresta da Tijuca), +IV.1961 +, Excoleção M. Alvarenga, M. Alvarenga leg., +1 specimen +( +MNRJ +); Rio de Janeiro (Represa Rio Grande), +IX.1961 +, Coleção M. Alvarenga, F.M. Oliveira leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Rio de Janeiro (Represa Rio Grande), +25.III.1961 +, +2 specimens +; +10.XI.1966 +, +1 specimen +; + +III.1969, +1 + +specimen, F.M. Oliveira leg. ( +DZUP +); Rio de Janeiro (Represa Rio Grande), Depto Zool. UF - Paraná, + +III.1972, +1 + +specimen; +20.V.1967 +, +2 specimens +; +13.X.1967 +, +1 specimen +, F.M. Oliveira leg. ( +DZUP +); Teresópolis (Parque Nacional Serra dos Órgãos), +VIII.2007 +, Vivian leg., +2 specimens +( +DZUP +). +São Paulo +: Caraguatatuba (Reserva Florestal), +40 m +, +VII.1965 +, Exp. Dep. Zool., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Cantareira), +II.1962 +, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). + + + + +Male +. Length 3.14–3.58 mm, width 2.52–3.00 mm. Body rounded, with sparse yellowish pubescence. General color reddish, pronotum with two basal black spots, sometimes fused; scutellum reddish or black. Elytra reddish, each with three black spots: two rounded spots in the basal third and one transversely elongated spots on apex ( +Figs 2 +A–D). Antennae, mouthparts, hypomera, epipleura and legs reddish, except femora, which are dark brown or black ( +Fig. 2 +B). Meso-, metasternum and anterior half of first abdominal ventrite reddish or black. + + +Genitalia symmetrical; basal lobe shorter than parameres, apex acute ( +Fig. 2 +E). Parameres elongated, with long bristles throughout their length ( +Fig. 2 +F). Sipho with emarginate apex and elongated siphonal capsule ( +Fig. 2 +G). + + +Female +. Length 3.2–4.00 mm, width 2.66–3.36 mm. Coxites longer than wide, subtriangular; apex mammilliform, with long bristles ( +Fig. 2 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, elongated, with slightly acuminate apex ( + +Fig. +2 + +I). + + +Geographical distribution +. +Brazil +(MG, ES, RJ, SP). + + + + +Remarks +. + +Chnoodes chaudoiri + +differs from other species of the genus in the elytral and pronotal color; it also differs in the shape of the male and female genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D23FFD349ECBAF3FDBC5D06.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D23FFD349ECBAF3FDBC5D06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..463508b6b18 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D23FFD349ECBAF3FDBC5D06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes discomaculata +( +Crotch, 1874 +) + + + + + +( +Figure 3 +) + + + + + + +Ladoria discomaculata + +Crotch, 1874 +: 280 + + +; + +Korschefsky, 1932 +: 231 + +; + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 451 + +. + +Chnoodes discomaculata +: + +Gordon, 1987 +: 34 + + +. + + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: +Minas Gerais +: Pouso Alegre, + +IX.1962, +6 + +specimens ( +MZSP +); + +IX.1962, +2 + +specimens, F.S. Pereira leg. ( +DZUP +). +Paraná +: Morretes, +20.VII.1995 +, +1 specimen +; +05.V.1995 +, +1 specimen +, Reynaud D.T. leg. ( +DZUP +). + + + + +Male +. Length 2.80–2.92 mm, width 2.52–2.56 mm. Body rounded, with sparse whitish pubescence. General color black, center disc bare ( +Figs 3 +A–D). Antennae, mouthparts, apex of femur, tibia and tarsomeres brownish ( +Fig. 3 +B). Apical third of abdominal ventrites brownish. + + +Genitalia symmetrical; basal lobe shorter than paramere, tapered at apex ( +Fig. 3 +E). Parameres wide, elongated, with long bristles throughout their length ( +Fig. 3 +F). Sipho with rounded apex and short siphonal capsule ( +Fig. 3 +G). + + +Female +. Length 2.92–3.08 mm, width 2.48–2.56 mm. Coxites longer than wide, slender, subtriangular; apex mammilliform, with long bristles ( +Fig. 3 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, elongated, with slightly acuminate apex ( + +Fig. +3 + +I). + + +Geographical distribution +. +Brazil +(MG, PR). + + + + +Remarks +. + +Chnoodes discomaculata + +( +Fig. 3 +) resembles + +C. tarsalis + +( +Fig. 6 +) and + +C. machadoi + +( +Fig. 7 +) in the color pattern, but is clearly distinguished by the absence of pubescence on the center disc; it also differs in the shape of the male and female genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D24FFD149ECBBD1FC3D5DB6.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D24FFD149ECBBD1FC3D5DB6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..28859be4579 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D24FFD149ECBBD1FC3D5DB6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes brasiliensis +Korschefsky, 1935 + + + + + +( +Figure 1 +) + + + + + + +Chnoodes brasiliensis + +Korschefsky, 1935 +: 254 + + +; + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 450 + +. + + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: +Ceará +: Iguatá, + +IX.1939, +1 + +specimen ( +DZUP +). +Bahia +: Maracás, +19.XI.1965 +, Depto Zool. UF-Paraná, F.M. Oliveira leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Minas Gerais +: Belo Horizonte (campus +UFMG +), 26.XI–2. + +XII.1991, +1 + +specimen; 18–21. + +VI.1991, +1 + +specimen, A.F. Kumagai ( +DZUP +); Ijaci, +07.VIII.2001 +, L.V.C. Santa-Cecília leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Lagoa Santa, Rhils., +2 specimens +( +ZMUC +); Lambari, +II.1924 +, 15495, J. Guerin leg., +1 specimen +( +IBSP +); Catas Altas (Serra do Caraça), +1380 m +, +XI.1961 +, Kloss, Lenko, Martins & Silva leg., +2 specimens +( +MZSP +); Varginha, +IX.1961 +, M. Alvarenga leg., +4 specimens +( +DZUP +); Vila Monte Verde, +10.XII.1969 +, 9279, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Rio de Janeiro: +Teresópolis (Parque Nacional [da] Serra dos Órgãos), +XI.2006 +, Vivian leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +São Paulo: +Barueri, +I.1966 +, K. Lenko leg., +2 specimens +( +MZSP +, +DZUP +); Campinas, F.C.C.65, +1 +specimen ( +MNRJ +); Campos do Jordão (Estação Eugênio Lefevre), +1200 m +, +4–8.IX.1953 +, Pd. Pereira & Medeiros leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Campos do Jordão, +14.XII.1944 +, F. Lane leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Diadema, +12.II.1961 +, Reichardt leg., +2 specimens +( +MZSP +, +DZUP +); Itú (Fazenda Pau d’Alho), +II.1959 +, U. Martins leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Parque Estado São Paulo, +16.I.1940 +, 1038, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Salesópolis (Estação Biológica [de] Boracéia), +14–18.XI.1973 +, Exp. Mus. Zool. leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São José do Barreiro (Serra da Bocaina), +1689 m +, +III.1973 +, Coleção M. Alvarenga, F. M. Oliveira leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Cantareira), +II.1962 +, J. Halik leg., +2 specimens +( +MZSP +, +DZUP +); São Paulo (Horto Florestal), +11.XII.1959 +, 3570, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Zoológico Água Funda), +17.III.1961 +, K. Lenko leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Paraná +: Fênix (Reserva Est. - +ITCF +), Malaise, +26.I.1987 +, +1 specimen +; +10.XI.1986 +, +2 specimens +; +24.XI.1986 +, +1 specimen +; +13.X.1986 +, +1 specimen +; +06.X.1986 +, +1 specimen +, Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR ( +DZUP +); Guarapuava (Gp. PR H.U., 53), +III.1988 +, Hipólito Schneider leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Telêmaco Borba (Reserva Samuel Klabin), Malaise, +20.X.1986 +, Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Santa Catarina +: Joinville, Dirings leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Seara (Nova Teutônia), 27º11’B 52º23’L, +7.X.1937 +, +1 specimen +; +16.IX.1948 +, +1 specimen +; + +X.1940, +1 + +specimen; +4.VI.1937 +, +1 specimen +; +30.V.1951 +, +1 specimen +; + +XII.1980, +1 + +specimen, Fritz Plaumann leg. ( +DZUP +); Seara (Nova Teutonia), +III.1935 +, B. Pohl leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Rio Grande do Sul: +Derrubadas (Parque Estadual do Turvo), +05.V.2004 +, I. Heydrich leg., +1 specimen +; +22.X.2004 +, L. Podgaiski leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +); Derrubadas, (Parque Estadual do Turvo, Estrada para Garcia), +27º13’23.9”S +53º59’24.1”W +, +28.IV.2005 +, I. Heydrich leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +); Derrubadas, (Parque Estadual do Turvo, Estrada para Garcia), +27º14’12,9”S +53º58’43,2”W +, +29.IV.2005 +, R. Ott leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +). + + + + +Male +. Length 2.72–3.32 mm, width 2.32–2.98 mm. Body elongate-oval with sparse yellowish pubescence. General color yellowish brown, pronotum with central black spot; scutellum black or yellow. Elytra yellowish brown, with quadrangular black spot in middle of elytra and two on lateral margin of each elytron, one elongated below humeral callus, and another transversely elongated spot on apex ( +Figs 1 +A–D). Antennae, mouthparts, hypomera, epipleura and legs yellowish brown, femur sometimes dark brown ( +Fig. 1 +B). Meso- and metasternum and anterior half of first abdominal ventrite black. + + + +FIGURE 1 +. + +Chnoodes brasiliensis +Korschefsky, 1935 + +. +A–D +. habitus; A. dorsal; B. ventral; C. frontal view; D. lateral; +E–G +. male genitalia; E. tegmen, ventral; F. tegmen, lateral; G. sipho lateral view; +H–I. +female genitalia; H. coxites; I. spermatheca. + + + +Genitalia symmetrical; basal lobe shorter than parameres, acuminate at apex ( +Fig. 1 +E). Parameres elongated, slightly widened, with long bristles throughout their length, these bristles shorter at base ( +Fig. 1 +F). Sipho with emarginate apex and elongated siphonal capsule ( +Fig. 1 +G). + + +Female +. Length 2.80–4.00 mm, width 2.24–3.08 mm. Coxites longer than wide, subtriangular; apex mammilliform, with long bristles ( +Fig. 1 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, elongated with rounded apex ( + +Fig. +1 + +I). + + +Geographical distribution +. +Brazil +(CE, BA, MG, RJ, SP, PR, SC, RS). + + + + +Remarks +. + +Chnoodes brasiliensis + +( +Fig. 1 +) is most similar to + +C. pentagona + +( +Fig. 4 +), but is clearly distinguished by the arrangement of spots on the elytra, and the pattern of the genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D24FFD749ECBECFFA6A5821.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D24FFD749ECBECFFA6A5821.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9078dea31f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D24FFD749ECBECFFA6A5821.xml @@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Chnoodes +Chevrolat + +from +Brazil + + + + + + + +1. Pronotum and elytra yellowish brown or black, with spots..................................................... 2 + + +1’. Dorsal color pattern different............................................................................ 3 + + + + + +2(1). Pronotum and elytra yellowish brown, with a quadrangular black spot in the middle of the elytra and two on the lateral margin of each elytron, one elongated spot below the humeral callus and another transverse spot on the apex ( +Fig. 1 +)...................................................................................... + + +Chnoodes brasiliensis +Korschefsky + + + + + + +2’. Elytra yellowish brown, with four black spots: a central fused pentagonal spot, and three spots on the lateral margin of each elytron (one triangular spot on the humeral callus, one rectangular in the middle, and one small triangular on the apex) ( +Fig. 4 +)............................................................................. + + +Chnoodes pentagona +Crotch + + + + + + + +3(1’). Pronotum and elytra dark brown or black, without spots....................................................... 4 + + +3’. Pronotum and elytra dark brown or black, with yellowish border................................................ 5 + + + + + +4(3). Center disc bare ( +Fig. 3 +).................................................... + + +Chnoodes discomaculata +(Crotch) + + + + + + +4’. Center disc with pubescence; pronotum and elytra metallic dark brownish, anterior pronotal border castaneous ( +Fig. 6 +)....................................................................................... + + +Chnoodes tarsalis +Weise + + + + + + + +5(3’). Elytra black with or without spots......................................................................... 6 + + +5’. Elytra reddish with or without spots....................................................................... 7 + + + + + +6(5). Elytra with a yellowish border and two yellowish areas below the callus and near the apex ( +Fig. 7 +).................................................................................................... + + +Chnoodes machadoi + +sp.nov. + + + + + +6’. Elytra with one elongated yellowish spot on the disc ( +Fig. 8 +).......................... + + +Chnoodes unimaculata + +sp.nov. + + + + + + + +7(5’). Pronotum with two basal black spots, sometimes fused; each elytron with three black spots: two rounded in the basal third and one elongated transverse spot on the apex ( +Fig. 2 +).................................... + + +Chnoodes chaudoiri +Mulsant + + + + + + +7’. Pronotum with one black spot, elytra without spots ( +Fig. 5 +)....................... + + +Chnoodes pseudosanguinea +Brèthes + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D27FFD749ECB86AFA6C5D5B.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D27FFD749ECB86AFA6C5D5B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5a98348f0aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D27FFD749ECB86AFA6C5D5B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes +Chevrolat, 1849 + + + + + + + + + +Chnoodes +Chevrolat + +in D’Orbygni, 1849: 612 (original description); + +Mulsant, 1850 +: 908 + +(systematics); + +Crotch, 1874 +: 286 + +(systematics); + +Chapuis, 1876 +: 221 + +, 222 (systematics); + +Gorham, 1895 +: 215 + +(systematics); + +Korschefsky, 1932 +: 225 + +(catalogue); + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 450 + +(catalogue); + +Fürsch, 1990 +: 9 + +(catalogue); + + +Bouchard +et al. +, 2011 + +: 375 + +(catalogue). + +Chapinella + +Gordon, 1996 +:27 + + +(new name); + +Gordon, 2007 +: 1 + +(synonymy). + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Chnoodes chaudori +Mulsant, 1850 + +, by subsequent designation ( +Gordon, 2007 +). + + + + +Diagnosis +. Antenna 11 +- +segmented; labrum truncate; two parallel carinae on lateral margins; thoracic foveae absent; tibia flat, with or without widening; abdomen with five visible sternites in females and six in males. Abdominal postcoxal line incomplete, recurved. Male with basal lobe and parameres symmetrical. Sipho slender, with well-developed siphonal capsule. Female genitalia with genital plate elongate; spermatheca C +- +shaped, simple. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2AFFD849ECBDA7FF0E5E9E.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2AFFD849ECBDA7FF0E5E9E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d9349417df --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2AFFD849ECBDA7FF0E5E9E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes unimaculata + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figure 8 +) + + + + +FIGURE 8 +. + +Chnoodes unimaculata + + +sp. nov. + +holotype female. +A–D +. habitus; A. dorsal; B. ventral; C. frontal view; D. lateral. +E–F +. female genitalia; E. coxites; F. spermatheca. + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: +Amapá +: “Oiapoque/Amapá - +Brasil +/ +V.1959 +/M. Alvarenga col.”, “Ex-Coleção/M. Alvarenga”, [ +DZUP +188165] “ +HOLOTYPE +[female]/ + +Chnoodes unimaculata +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [red label]; “ +Brasil +- Amapá/Macapá/ +16.III.2004 +/J. F. F. Martins, [ +DZUP +186838] “ +PARATYPE +[female]/ + +Chnoodes unimaculata +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [yellow label]. + + + +Holotype +. Female + +. Length 3.16 mm, width 2.40 mm. Body round, with sparse yellowish pubescence. Pronotum black, with yellowish lateral border. Elytra black with one elongated yellowish spot on disc ( +Figs 8 +A–D). Head, antennae and mouthparts dark yellowish. Meso- and metasternum dark brown or black; legs yellowish; epipleuron with black spots; first ventrites black ( +Fig. 8 +B). + + +Genitalia with genital plates triangular, elongated, styli with setae ( +Fig. 8 +E). Spermatheca C-shaped, apex short and rounded ( +Fig. 8 +F). + + + + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Etymology +. The name of this species refers to the single spot on each elytron. + + +Geographical Distribution. +Brazil +(AP). + + + + +Remarks. + +Chnoodes unimaculata + + +sp. nov. + +( +Fig. 8 +) resembles + +C. machadoi + + +sp. nov. + +( +Fig. 7 +), but is clearly distinguished by the color, shape and number of spots on the elytra; it also differs in the shape of the female genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2CFFD949ECB835FF005EB3.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2CFFD949ECB835FF005EB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5e9f635ee5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2CFFD949ECB835FF005EB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes machadoi + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figure 7 +) + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: +Mato Grosso +: “Cáceres, MT./ +13.XI.1984 +/Buzzi, Mielke, Elias/Casagrande leg./ Proj. Polonoroeste”, “Dptº Zool./UF - Paraná”, “ +DZUP +188269”, “ +HOLOTYPE +/ + +Chnoodes machadoi +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [red label]; “Cáceres, MT./ +11.XI.1984 +/Buzzi, Mielke, Elias/Casagrande leg./ Proj. Polonoroeste”, “Dptº Zool./UF - Paraná”, [ +DZUP +188250, 188272], “ +PARATYPE +/ + +Chnoodes machadoi +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [yellow label]; “Cáceres, MT./ +13.XI.1984 +/Buzzi, Mielke, Elias/ Casagrande leg./Proj. Polonoroeste”, “Dptº Zool./UF - Paraná”, [ +DZUP +188249, 188270], “ +PARATYPE +/ + +Chnoodes machadoi +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [yellow label]; “Cáceres, MT/ +19.XI.1984 +/Buzzi, Mielke, Elias/Casagrande leg./Proj. Polonoroeste”, “Dptº Zool./UF - Paraná”, [ +DZUP +188266, 188267], “ +PARATYPE +/ + +Chnoodes machadoi +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [yellow label]; “Cáceres, MT./ +10.XI.1984 +/Buzzi, Mielke, Elias/Casagrande leg./Proj. Polonoroeste”, “Dptº Zool./UF - Paraná”, [ +DZUP +188271], “ +PARATYPE +/ + +Chnoodes machadoi +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [yellow label]. +Goiás +: “Dianópolis/GO, +Brasil +/ +16–22.I.1962 +/J. Bechyné col.”, [ +DZUP +188237] “ +PARATYPE +/ + +Chnoodes machadoi +Krüger, Castro-Guedes & Almeida, 2015 + +” [yellow label]. + + + + +FIGURE 7 +. + +Chnoodes machadoi + + +sp. nov. + +Paratype male. +A–D +. habitus; A. dorsal; B. ventral; C. frontal view; D. lateral; +E–G +. male genitalia: E. tegmen, ventral; F. tegmen, lateral; G. sipho lateral view. +H–I. +female genitalia; H. coxites; I. spermatheca. + + + + +Male +. Length 2.84–2.88 mm, width 2.08–2.16 mm. Body oval, with sparse white pubescence. Pronotum black with yellowish border and two small lateral spots. Elytra black with yellowish border and two yellowish areas below callus and near apex ( +Figs 7 +A–D). Head, antennae and mouthparts orange. Meso- and metasternum dark brown or black; legs yellowish; epipleuron yellowish; first ventrites black or brownish ( +Fig. 7 +B). Genitalia with basal lobe symmetrical, stout, shorter than parameres, apex bluntly pointed ( +Fig. 7 +E). Parameres short and narrow ( +Fig. 7 +F). Sipho rounded at apex, siphonal capsule rounded and short ( +Fig. 7 +G). + + +Female. +Length 3.04–3.16 mm, width 2.20–2.24 mm. Genitalia with genital plates triangular, elongated, styli with setae ( +Fig. 7 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, short, apex narrow ( + +Fig. +7 + +I). + + + + +Etymology +. This species is named in honor of the dedicated entomologist Doctor Angelo Barbosa Monteiro Machado, an expert in the taxonomy of dragonflies (Odonata) and endangered species, on the occasion of his 80th birthday. + + +Geographical Distribution. +Brazil +(MT, GO). + + + + +Remarks +. + +Chnoodes machadoi + + +sp. nov. + +( +Fig. 7 +) is similar to + +C. discomaculata + +( +Fig. 3 +) and + +C. tarsalis + +( +Fig. 6 +) in the color pattern, but is distinguished by the yellowish border of elytra. The male and female genitalia are also distinct. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2EFFDC49ECBFCCFCDF5EF5.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2EFFDC49ECBFCCFCDF5EF5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4ae9d37b98 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2EFFDC49ECBFCCFCDF5EF5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,306 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes pseudosanguinea +Brèthes, 1925 + + + + + +( +Figure 5 +) + + + + + + +Chnoodes pseudosanguinea + +Brèthes, 1925a +: 7 + + +; + +Korschefsky, 1932 +: 226 + +; + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 450 + +. + + + + + +FIGURE 5 +. + +Chnoodes pseudosanguinea +Brèthes, 1925 + +. A–D. Habitus; A. dorsal; B. ventral; C. frontal view; D. lateral. E–G. Male genitalia: E. tegmen, ventral; F. tegmen, lateral; G. sipho lateral view. +H–I. +female genitalia; H. coxites; I. spermatheca. + + + + +Material examined +. +BRAZIL +: +Minas Gerais +: Catas Altas (Serra do Caraça), +1380 m +, +XI.1961 +, Kloss, Lenko, Martins & Silva leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Vila Monte Verde, +10.III.1970 +, 9827, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +São Paulo +: Barueri, +XII.1965 +, K. Lenko leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Barueri, +30.V.1959 +, K. Lenko leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Barueri, +2.X.1954 +, Coleção M. Alvarenga, K. Lenko leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Batêa (?), +2.XI.1940 +, F. Lane leg., +2 specimens +( +MZSP +); Campos do Jordão, +XII.1963 +, Coleção M. Alvarenga, Seabra & Oliveira leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Campos do Jordão, +23.II.1937 +, Osw. Guilherme leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Guarulhos (Sítio Bananal), +15.X.1936 +, 9745, +1 specimen +; +6.X.1957 +, 3621, +1 specimen +, +29.IX.1957 +, 3137, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +, +USNM +); Jundiaí, +30.I.1964 +, 2657, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Par. Mathias (?), +2.I.1960 +, 3625, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Salesópolis (Estação Biológica [de] Boracéia), +21–22.III.1973 +, S. Vanin & M. Jorge leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Cantareira), +27.XII.1985 +, 11770, +1 specimen +; +4.XII.1958 +, 11311, +2 specimen +; +8.IV.1959 +, 12890, +1 specimen +, J. Halik leg. ( +USNM +); São Paulo (Cantareira), +II.1962 +, J. Halik leg., +5 specimens +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Cantareira), +XI.1939 +, Dirings leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Horto Florestal), +11.XII.1959 +, 3278, J. Halik leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Represa Billings, Rio Grande), +XII.1952 +, B. Pohl leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo (Serra da Cantareira) +9.XII.1943 +, F. Lane leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Paraná +: Ponta Grossa (Pedreira), +IX.1944 +, Guarda Chuva, 1907, Coleção F. Justus Jor, +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Ponta Grossa, +I.1946 +, 1907, Coleção F. Justus Jor, +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). + + + + +Male +. Length 3.04–3.12 mm, width 2.56–2.68 mm. Body oval, with sparse yellowish pubescence. Pronotum orange with one central black spot. Scutellum black or red. Elytra red, without spots ( +Figs 5 +A–D). Head, antennae, mouthparts, hypomera, epipleuron and legs orange or brownish. Meso-, metasternum and central part of first abdominal ventrites black ( +Fig. 5 +B). + + +Genitalia symmetrical; basal lobe shorter than parameres, rounded, tapered at apex ( +Fig. 5 +E). Parameres narrow, elongated, with long bristles throughout their length ( +Fig. 5 +F). Sipho emarginate at apex, with elongated siphonal capsule ( +Fig. 5 +G). + + +Female +. Length 3.32–3.44 mm, width 2.64–2.68 mm. Coxites longer than wide, subtriangular; apex mammilliform, with long bristles ( +Fig. 5 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, elongated, rounded at apex ( + +Fig. +5 + +I). + + +Geographical Distribution +. +Brazil +(MG, SP, PR). + + + + +Remarks. + +Chnoodes pseudosanguinea + +differs from other species of the genus in the elytral and pronotal color; it also differs in the shape of the male and female genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2FFFDF49ECBC65FDBC5DB6.xml b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2FFFDF49ECBC65FDBC5DB6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88270571d91 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1D/87/161D87D18D2FFFDF49ECBC65FDBC5DB6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,394 @@ + + + +Two new species of Chnoodes Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Brazil + + + +Author + +Krüger, Thaysa C. + + + +Author + +Castro-Guedes, Camila F. + + + +Author + +Almeida, Lúcia M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4078 + + +1 + + +269 +283 + + + +journal article +46794 +10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.24 +249154a6-60d8-4211-8e99-6d1bd1e18103 +1175-5326 +260660 +6933D1C8-CB19-4F96-AF9E-7F116C2F3E36 + + + + + + + +Chnoodes tarsalis +Weise, 1904 + + + + + +( +Figure 6 +) + + + + + + +Chnoodes tarsalis + +Weise, 1904 +: 197 + + +; + +Korschefsky, 1932 +: 226 + +; + +Blackwelder, 1945 +: 450 + +. + + + + + +Material examined +. +TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO +: + +Trinidad + +: Morne Bleu, +Trinidad +, W. I., 2700’, +21.VIII.1969 +, H. & A. Howden leg., +1 specimen +( +USNM +). +BRAZIL +: +Brasil +, Dalbonzo leg., +1 specimen +( +ZMUC +). +Mato Grosso +: Chapada Guimarães, +25.XI.1983 +, Dptº Zool. UF - Paraná, Exc. Dep. Zool - +UFPR +(Polonoroeste) leg., +2 specimens +( +DZUP +); Poconé, +28.III.1998 +, Arm. Mal. Acuri, +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Goiás +: Dianopólis, 16–22. + +I.1962, +1 + +specimen; +11–14.I.1962 +, J. Bechyné leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Minas Gerais +: Lagoa Santa, R., +3 specimens +( +ZMUC +); Lagoa Santa, R., +Chnoodes tarsalis Weise +det. R. Gordon 86, +1 +specimen ( +ZMUC +); Lagoa Santa, Rhds., +2 specimens +( +ZMUC +); Santa Rita de Caldas, +XII.1953 +, Pe. Pereira leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Espírito Santo +: Buenos Aires, +10 km +W de Guarapari, +500 m +, +6.I.1996 +, GAR Melo leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Guarapari, +IX.1960 +, M. Alvarenga leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Rio de Janeiro +: Rio de Janeiro (Represa Rio Grande), Dptº Zool. UF - Paraná, +13.X.1967 +, F. Oliveira leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +São Paulo +: São Sebastião (Barra do Una) +8.VII. +961, K. Lenko leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Batêa (?) 5–8. + +XI.1940, +1 + +specimen; +2.XI.1940 +, +1 specimen +, F. Lane leg. ( +MZSP +); Cananéia, +5–6.VI.1976 +, L.R. Fontes leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Caraguatatuba (Reserva Florestal), +40 m +, +VII.1965 +, Exp. Dep. Zool., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Itú, II.959, Col. U. Martins leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); Salesópolis (Estação Biológica Boracéia), +30.IV.1973 +, Jorge & Vanin leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +), São José do Barreiro (Serra da Bocaina), +1650 m +, +XI.1968 +, Alvarenga & Seabra leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +); São Paulo, +IV.1954 +, Coleção J. Lane, J. Lane leg., +1 specimen +( +MZSP +). +Paraná +: Castro (Estrada Castro-Tibagi Km 110), +24º45’57” S +50º09’00” W +, altitude +1121 m +, +8.IX.2007 +, P. Grossi & D. Parizotto leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Ponta Grossa, Guarda chuva, +IX.1944 +, 1919, Coleção F. Justus Jor, V. Vilella leg., +4 specimens +( +DZUP +). +Santa Catarina +: Corupá (Rio Vermelho), + +III.1952, +2 + +specimens; + +X.1952, +1 + +specimen, Dirings leg. ( +MZSP +); Imbituba (Praia do Rosa), +01.I.2001 +, R. Araujo leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +); Seara (Nova Teutônia), 27º11’ B 52º23’ L, +6.XII.1939 +, Fritz Plaumann leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +); Seara (Nova Teutonia), 27º11’ B 52º23’ L, +300–500 m +, +XI.1976 +, Fritz Plaumann leg., +1 specimen +( +DZUP +). +Rio Grande do Sul +: Cambará do Sul, +25.XI.1993 +, A. Bonaldo leg., +1 specimen +; +19–21.XII.1994 +, L. Moura leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +); Canela (Barragem dos Bugres), +04.XI.1998 +, L. Moura eg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +); Derrubadas (Parque Estadual do Turvo), +21.X.2004 +, R. Ott leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +); Torres (Parque Estadual de Itapeva), +13.I.2005 +, L. Moura & I. Heydrich leg., +1 specimen +; L. Moura leg., +1 specimen +( +FZRS +). + + + + +Male +. Length 2.60–3.00 mm, width 2.12–2.68 mm. Body oval, with sparse white pubescence. Pronotum and elytra metallic dark-brownish, anterior border castaneous ( +Figs 6 +A–D). Head, antennae and mouthparts black or dark brown. Meso-, metasternum and epipleuron black. Tarsomeres light brown, last three abdominal ventrites dark brown ( +Fig. 6 +B). Genitalia with basal lobe symmetrical, enlarged, shorter than parameres, apex bluntly pointed ( +Fig. 6 +E). Parameres two times longer than basal lobe ( +Fig. 6 +F). Sipho turned outward at apex, emarginate, siphonal capsule short and wide ( +Fig. 6 +G). + + +Female +. Length 2.64–3.06 mm, width 2.24–2.60 mm. Genitalia with genital plates rectangular, elongate, styli with setae ( +Fig. 6 +H). Spermatheca C-shaped, with apex emarginate ( + +Fig. +6 + +I). + + +Geographical Distribution +. +Trinidad and Tobago +; +Brazil +(MT, GO, MG, ES, RJ, SP, PR, SC). + + + + +Remarks +. + +Chnoodes tarsalis + +( +Fig. 6 +) is similar to + +C. discomaculata + +( +Fig. 3 +) in color pattern, but is clearly distinguished by the metallic dark-brownish color of the pronotum and elytra; it also differs from this species in the shape of the male and female genitalia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1F/24/161F2467A428A0C81C73CF27F3B49FDB.xml b/data/16/1F/24/161F2467A428A0C81C73CF27F3B49FDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c97f2e3493b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1F/24/161F2467A428A0C81C73CF27F3B49FDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Nemeritis lativentris Thomson, 1887 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1F/26/161F260FA26CE5BF521AD66678472275.xml b/data/16/1F/26/161F260FA26CE5BF521AD66678472275.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5caf4e8ce8b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1F/26/161F260FA26CE5BF521AD66678472275.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A revision of the new world species of Polytrichophora Cresson and Facitrichophora, new genus (Diptera, Ephydridae) + + + +Author + +Mathis, Wayne N. + + + +Author + +Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +231 + + +1 +116 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.231.3687 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.231.3687 +1313-2970-231-1 + + + + +Polytrichophora rostra +sp. n. +Figs 6468 + + + +Diagnosis. +This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.80-2.25 mm. +Head: Frons dull, moderately heavily microtomentose, partially2-toned, mostly grayish tan to grayish black with some faint golden reflections on posterior 3/4, anterior 1/4 becoming orange immediately along ptilinal suture. Antenna mostly yellow to yellowish orange, dorsal portion of pedicel and to a lesser degree basodorsal area of basal flagellomere with some blackish coloration; arista with 5 dorsal rays. Face at narrowest point about equal to combined length of pedicel and basal flagellomere; face densely microtomentose, microtomentum with subshiny to pearly luster, mostly yellowish white but with considerable gold coloration in antennal grooves and extended laterally onto parafacial; parafacial not markedly differing from midfacies in color, becoming silvery white ventrally and posteriorly; parafacial with slight ventral dilation; gena relatively short, less than 1/4 eye height; gena-to-eye ratio 0.18-0.19. +Thorax: Mesonotum mostly slightly dull to subshiny, moderately densely microtomentose, mostly brown to tan laterally; pleural area gray. Lacking stout setae on apical half; anterior margin of wing lacking large, spine-like setae; costal vein ratio 0.45-0.63; M vein ratio 0.55-0.58. Forefemur lacking row of 9-10 short, stout setae along apical half of anteroventral surface; forefemur with posteroventral row of 6-7 setulae, each subequal to width of femur; tibiae mostly yellowish at apices, otherwise gray medially; basal tarsomeres yellow, apical 1-2 brown. + +Abdomen: Tergites subshiny to shiny medially, grayish black, becoming grayer laterally; tergite 5 of male somewhat pointed posteriorly, lacking distinctive row of setulae apically. Male terminalia (Figs 64-67): Epandrium in posterior view (Fig. 64) as an inverted tear drop, wide basally, at midheight, tapered ventrally to form a narrowly pointed ventral margin, connected dorsally around cerci, in lateral view (Fig. 65) with most of posterior margin mostly straight, angled anteriorly and either end, ventral portion forming a beak-like extension that tapers to a narrow point, anterior margin shallowly zigzagged, apical portion bearing numerous short setulae; cerci prominent, moderately well developed; aedeagus complex, in lateral view (Fig. 67) elongate, doubly folded back on itself, basiphallus elongate, narrow, pointed apically, distiphallus more narrowly developed than basiphallus, folded back twice with apical segment oriented in same direction as general plane of terminalia, with complicated smaller folds and lines, in ventral view (Fig. 66) with basiphallus tubular, elongate, distiphallus twisted and irregularly curved; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 67) elongate, clavate, narrowed toward aedeagal base, keel only slightly extended, in ventral view (Fig. 66) appearing aforeshortened as small irregularly rounded structure with short knobs; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 67) rod-like, narrow, elongate, irregularly parallel sided, in ventral view (Fig. 66) angularly curved, like a boomerang; +hypandrium +in lateral view (Fig. 67) elongate, very narrow, sinuous, in ventral view (Fig. 66) irregularly H-shaped with bar shallowly curved and posterior arms subequal to each other, anterior arms, narrow, left arm considerably shorter than right arm, both narrowly developed. + + + +Type material. + +The holotype male is labeled "PERU. Madre de Dios: Manu, Rio Manu,250 m[,] Pakitza, 12[sic, 11]°7[six, 56.6]'S, 70[sic, 1]°58 [sic, 16.9]'W, 9-23 Sep 1988[,] Wayne N. Mathis/USNM ENT 00285963 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂ +Polytrichophora rostra +Mathis & Zatwarnicki, USNM [red]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten pin in a block of plastic), is in good condition (abdomen removed and dissected, midlegs missing), and is deposited in the USNM. One paratype (♂; USNM) bears the same label data as the holotype. Other paratypes are as follows: PERU. Cuzco: Paucartambo, Atalaya ( +Rio +Alto Madre de Dios; +12°53.1'S +, +71°21.6'W +; 600 m), 4 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). + + + +Type locality. + +Peru. Madre de Dios: Rio Manu, Pakitza ( +11°56.6'S +, +71°16.9'W +; 250 m). + + + +Other specimens examined. + +Neotropical. ECUADOR. Napo: Pastaza ( +01°38'S +, +77°0.1'W +), J. R. Levi-Castillo (1♂; USNM). + + + +Distribution +(Fig. 68). Neotropical: Ecuador (Napo), Peru (Cuzco, Madre de Dios). + + +Etymology. +The species epithet, rostra, is the Latin word for beak and refers to the shape of the beak-like epandrium as viewed in lateral view. + + +Remarks. + +Like +Polytrichophora setulosa +, this species has asymmetry in the anterior hypandrial arms, which is probably a synapomorphy that indicates a close relationship with that species. This species is distinguished by the beak-like apical process of the epandrium, best seen in lateral view (Fig. 65), which is unmistakable and is the primary character that distinguishes this species from congeners within the conciliata group. + + + +Figures 64-67. Illustration of +Polytrichophora rostra +sp. n. (male) (Ecuador. Napo: Pastaza) 64 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 65 same, lateral view 66 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 67 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figure 68. Distribution of +Polytrichophora rostra +sp. n. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1F/9A/161F9A616DFC59E8D8AE89A866862DAA.xml b/data/16/1F/9A/161F9A616DFC59E8D8AE89A866862DAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2712db6c748 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1F/9A/161F9A616DFC59E8D8AE89A866862DAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +Major range extensions for two genera of the parasitoid subtribe Facitorina, with a new generic synonymy (Braconidae, Rogadinae, Yeliconini) + + + +Author + +Butcher, Buntika A. + + + +Author + +Quicke, Donald L. J. + + + +Author + +Shreevihar, Santhosh + + + +Author + +Ranjith, Avunjikkattu Parambil + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +584 + + +109 +120 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.584.7815 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.584.7815 +1313-2970-584-109 +69D8DB872074418E9EDBE7BDB8CD95EA +69D8DB872074418E9EDBE7BDB8CD95EA + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Braconidae + + + +Facitorus nasseri Ranjith & Quicke +sp. n. +Figures 7-12, 13-15 + + + + +Material +examined. + +Holotype, female, "India, Kerala, Malappuram, Calicut University Botanical Garden, 14-21.xii.2015, Malaise Trap, ex. Ranjith, A.P." + + +Diagnosis. + +Facitorus nasseri +sp. n. is distinguished from +Facitorus brevicornis +van Achterberg and +Facitorus superus +van Achterberg in having occipital carina complete, mesoscutum covered by long setae and scutellum with sub-posterior depression. +Facitorus nasseri +sp. n. comes close to +Facitorus tamdaoensis +Belokobylskij & Long, by its smooth metasomal tergite 2, but it differs from +Facitorus tamdaoensis +by the following characters; mesoscutum sculptured antero-laterally (smooth in +Facitorus tamdaoensis +), frons without shallow pit medially (frons with shallow pit medially in +Facitorus tamdaoensis +), propodeum with +'H' +shaped carina posteriorly (smooth in +Facitorus tamdaoensis +), pterostigma 2.9 +x +longer than maximum wide (3.6 +x +in +Facitorus tamdaoensis +) and second tergite entirely smooth (densely striate basally in +Facitorus tamdaoensis +). It differs from +Facitorus granulosus +and +Facitorus amamioshimus +by first flagellomere 2.1 +x +as long as apically wide (3.5-4.2 +x +in +Facitorus granulosus +and 3.5-4.0 +x +in +Facitorus amamioshimus +), second metasomal suture not crenulate (crenulate in +Facitorus granulosus +and +Facitorus amamioshimus +), third metasomal tergite entirely smooth (distinctly sculptured at least baso-laterally in +Facitorus granulosus +and +Facitorus amamioshimus +). A key for the identification of +Facitorus +species is presented below. + + + +Description (female). +Holotype, female (♀), length of body 1.7 mm and fore wing 1.35 mm. + +Head. Antennae with 18 segments. First flagellomere 1.2 +x +as long as second and third respectively, 2.1 +x +longer than apically wide, distinctly expanded from base to apex. Terminal flagellomere acute, 3.1 +x +as long as its maximum width. Width of head: width of face: height of eye = 13.4: 6.8: 7.1. Frons and occiput smooth with long setae. Eyes glabrous, with a straight groove between antennal socket and eye margin. Distance between posterior ocelli: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 13.5: 10.25: 18.8. Occipital carina complete. + + +Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.72 +x +longer than high. Propleuron smooth. Mesoscutum sculptured antero-laterally, smooth medio-posteriorly with long setae. Notauli impressed, meeting posteriorly and finely crenulate. Scutellar sulcus wide, deep and di +vided +by a single carina. Scutellum smooth, sparsely setose with subposterior transverse depression. Median area of metanotum with medio-longitudinal ridge, rest smooth. Precoxal sulcus distinct only anteriorly impressed. Metapleuron medially smooth, rest rugose. Propodeum without medio-longitudinal carina, basal half distinctly foveate and with +'H' +shaped carinae and transverse carinae. Pterostigma 2.9 +x +longer than maximally wide. Fore wing vein r-rs approximately 0.8 +x +maximum width of pterostigma. Lengths of fore wing veins r-rs: 3RSa: 3RSb = 2.8: 4.4: 12.5. Lengths of fore wing veins CU1a: CU1b = 3.25: 4.37. Fore femur: tibia: tarsus = 4.7: 4.58: 3.34. Fore basitarsus 1.6 +x +longer than next three articles combined. Mid-tibial claw well-developed, pectinate. Hind femur: tibia: tarsus = 5.4: 7.7: 7.0. + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal tergite 1 distinctly striate, smooth medio-posteriorly, striae reaching posterior margin laterally, slightly convex apically, sparsely setose. Tergite 2 smooth, sparsely setose medially, setose laterally, 1.6 +x +as long as third tergite. Second metasomal suture slightly impressed, not crenulate. Tergite 3 smooth with a pair of setae medio-basally and postero-laterally. Rest of the tergite smooth, exposed in lateral view and sparsely setose. Ovipositor sheath setose and 0.42 +x +as long as hind tibia. + +Colour. Body dark brown except scape, pedicel, first flagellomere, basal half of second flagellomere, maxillary palp, tegulae, legs and ovipositor yellow; face yellowish brown anteriorly below antennal sockets; propleuron ventrally yellowish brown; wings hyaline; pterostigma and venation light brown. + + +Etymology. +APR dedicates this species to Dr. M. Nasser for his encouragement and sharing his knowledge about the behaviour of parasitoids, and also for the fruitful discussions during the field trips. + + +Male. +Unknown. + + +Distribution. +India (Kerala). + + +Host. +Unknown. + + +Figures 7-12. Montaged light micrographs of +Facitorus nasseri +sp. n.; 7 habitus 8 head, anterior aspect 9 head, dorsal aspecct 10 mesosoma, dorsal aspect 11 mesosoma, lateral aspect 12 propodeum and first metasomal tergite, dorsal aspect. + + + + +Figures 13-15. Montaged light micrographs of +Facitorus nasseri +sp. n.; 13 head & mesosoma (in part), lateral aspect 14 metasomal tergite 2 and following tergites, dorsal aspect 15 wings. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1F/A1/161FA114CCAF776DA780E77DA06670BF.xml b/data/16/1F/A1/161FA114CCAF776DA780E77DA06670BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7b5f2528b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1F/A1/161FA114CCAF776DA780E77DA06670BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +Order Sirenia + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +92 +93 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Trichechus manatus +Linnaeus 1758 + + + + + + + +Trichechus manatus +Linnaeus 1758 + +, +Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 34 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +"Mari Americano"; restricted by + +Thomas (1911 +a +) + +to "West Indies." + +. + + + + +Vernacular Names: +West Indian Manatee +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Trichechus amazonius +Shaw 1800 + +; + +Trichechus americanus +Link 1795 + +; + +Trichechus antillarum +Link 1795 + +; + +Trichechus clusii +(Pennant 1793) + +; + +Trichechus fluviatilis +( +Olfers 1818 +) + +; + +Trichechus guyannensis +(Bechstein 1800) + +; + +Trichechus koellikeri +(Kükenthal 1887) + +; + +Trichechus latirostris +(Harlan 1824) + +; + +Trichechus minor +(Daudin 1802) + +; + +Trichechus oronocensis +(Bechstein 1800) + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Caribbean coastal areas and river systems from +Virginia +, +USA +to +Espírito Santo +, +Brazil +. + + + + +Conservation: +CITES +– Appendix I; +U.S. +ESA – Endangered; +IUCN +– Vulnerable. + + + + +Discussion: +See +Domning (1981 +, +1996 +); reviewed by Husar (1978, Mammalian Species, 93). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/1F/A9/161FA992601EFED2D9C074B758293E93.xml b/data/16/1F/A9/161FA992601EFED2D9C074B758293E93.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..059cf032acf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/1F/A9/161FA992601EFED2D9C074B758293E93.xml @@ -0,0 +1,204 @@ + + + +Cave millipede diversity with the description of six new species from Guangxi, China + + + +Author + +Liu, Weixin + + + +Author + +Wynne, J. Judson + +text + + +Subterranean Biology + + +2019 + +30 + + +57 +94 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.30.35559 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.30.35559 +1314-2615-30-57 +19205CA6468045D4A3A0F1640752D41B + + + + +Eutrichodesmus jianjia +sp. nov. +Figs 3D +, +13 +, +14 + + + + +Type +material. + + +Holotype male (SCAU), China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yangshuo County, Guanshan No. 4 Cave [ +24°56'58.34"N +, +110°20'53.52"E +], 186 m el., deep zone, direct intuitive search, 16 November 2016, J. J. Wynne leg. Paratypes, 4 females, 1 juv. (SCAU), same data as holotype; 1 male (SCAU), same data as holotype, but collected on mud bank. + + + +Etymology. + +The species name, +jianjia +(肩甲), is used as a noun in apposition. This phrase was used to denote the well-developed paraterga, which covers the +millipede's +legs much like the pauldrons of body armor cover the shoulder of the warrior. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Adult males of + +E. jianjia + +sp. nov. is distinct from other + +Eutrichodesmus + +species based on the following combination of characters: (1) collum with five, and metaterga 2-19 with three transverse rows of round microvillose tubercles ( +Fig. 13 +). (2) gonopod acropodite with a dorsolateral tooth (t) at midway and apical with a large tube-shaped lobe (l) ( +Fig. 14 +). This new species is clearly distinguished from + +E. lipsae + +(a troglobiont from a cave in Guilin) by (1) metaterga without mid-dorsal projections +vs. +most metaterga with mid-dorsal projections; (2) gonopod acropodite with a triangular, ventral process (p) at about basal 1/3 ( +Fig. 14 +) +vs. +without this process in + +E. lipsae + +. + + + +Figure 13. + +Eutrichodesmus jianjia + +sp. nov., ♂ paratype. +A +Habitus, lateral view +B +anterior part of body, ventral view +C +anterior part of body, dorsal view +D +posterior part of body, ventral view +E +posterior part of body, lateral view. + + + + +Figure 14. + +Eutrichodesmus jianjia + +sp. nov., ♂ paratype. +A +Left gonopod, lateral view +B +left gonopod, mesal view. Designations: dp = distofemoral process; l = lobe; p = process; t = tooth. + + + + +Description. + +Based on type specimens. Lengths of adult body +ca +6.0-7.0 mm, widths of mid-body pro- and metazonae 0.6-1.0 and 1.2-1.3 mm in both sexes. +Coloration +: generally light-yellowish to pallid ( +Fig. 3D +). +Body +: subcylindrical, conglobation complete, adults with 20 rings ( +Fig. 10A +). +Head +: frons densely setose, finely microgranulate on vertex, with a paramedian pair of rounded knobs above antennal sockets. Epicranial suture conspicuous. Antennae short, slightly clavate. +Exoskeleton +: Collum subtrapeziform, slightly broader than head, not covering the latter from above, with five transverse rows of round microvillose tubercles ( +Fig. 13B +). Metaterga 2-19 each with three transverse mixostictic rows of similar tubercles extending onto paraterga, about 6 +-8+6- +8 per row. The middle row of tubercles slightly larger than others. Pre-anal ring short, with four transverse rows of small tubercles ( +Fig. 13D, E +). Paraterga with evident shoulders anteriorly, strongly declivous, broad and usually triobate laterally, evidently +extending +down below level of venter; caudolaterally at base with two distinct lobulations ( +Fig. 13A +). Paraterga 2 strongly enlarged. Tergal setae and ozopores invisible. Ozopores hardly visible. Prozonae finely alveolate; constriction between pro- and metazoan +narrow +and shallow. Epiproct apically with four spinnerets. Hypoproct subtrapeziform, with two long setae. Sterna narrow, but much broader between ♂ coxae 6-7 and 9. Gonopod aperture suboval. Legs long and slender, but hardly reaching tips of paraterga. +Gonopods +: ( +Fig. 14 +) Coxite large, abundantly setose and micropapillate ventrolaterally. Telopodite subfalcate, distinctly curved ventrad, setose in its basal part, with a prominent, denticulate, lateral, distofemoral process ( +dp +) at midway. Acropodite with a triangular, ventral process ( +p +) at about basal one-third and a dorsolateral tooth ( +t +) at midway; apical with a large tube-shaped lobe ( +l +). Seminal groove long, terminating without hair. + + + +Habitat. + +Specimens were collected in the same general location as + +H. xuxiakei + +sp. nov. specimens. Thus, refer to the + +H. xuxiakei + +sp. nov. habitat description. + + + +Notes. +Based on the long slender legs and a depigmented cuticle, we consider this species a troglobiont. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/20/74/1620740C9C8B000052B01A190E5A3FE2.xml b/data/16/20/74/1620740C9C8B000052B01A190E5A3FE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a271e03d75 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/20/74/1620740C9C8B000052B01A190E5A3FE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Bathythrix prominens (Strobl, 1901) + + + + +Leptocryptus prominens +Strobl, 1901 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Man + + +Notes + +added by +Sawoniewicz (1980) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/20/88/162088AC69D8C5653D5DF434EC9F3387.xml b/data/16/20/88/162088AC69D8C5653D5DF434EC9F3387.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1db1f3aad32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/20/88/162088AC69D8C5653D5DF434EC9F3387.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1574 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="891DC29CAEE5A33AEEFEFA288757F86C" pageId="null" pageNumber="677" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="5B362F2BC32285109DBB5495EDC78E0D" pageId="null" pageNumber="677"> +<taxonomicName id="907FE8F5AAAF52D08E0B4D0B969038EC" authority="L." class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="null" pageNumber="677" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus"> +<pageBreakToken id="8A26D0CCFF86FED633AAC51935AF5093" pageId="null" pageNumber="677"> +<normalizedToken id="43E813FB2A0E500BC400A282478FF418" originalValue="Sálix" pageId="null" pageNumber="677">Salix</normalizedToken> +</pageBreakToken> +<authorityName id="96EB8917774531B26EA2DED0371559CF" pageId="null" pageNumber="677">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="9F57ED15859EE0EF1C118838312B5378" pageId="null" pageNumber="677" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="97888A4E2E89BF9D0A52F597F177937A" pageId="null" pageNumber="677">Weide</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Straeucher +oder +Baeume +, in der alpinen und subalpinen Stufe oft +vollstaendig +niederliegende +Spalierstraeucher +. Zweige +gelbgruen +bis dunkelrotbraun, matt oder +glaenzend +, behaart oder kahl; das 2-4 +jaehrige +Holz bei einigen Arten mit undeutlichen +Laengsrippen +(Rinde abheben!). +Blaetter +ungeteilt, 0,2-18 cm lang, +schmal und parallelrandig bis lanzettlich oder oval bis rund +, netzig geadert, +glaenzend +oder matt, behaart oder kahl; Blattunterseite und -Oberseite von verschiedener Farbe (Ausnahmen: + +S +. + +herbacea, S. refusa, +S. serpyllifolia +, +S. breviserrata + + +und gelegentlich + +S. hastata + +); Rand flach oder nach unten eingerollt, meist mit +Zaehnen +, wobei auf jedem Zahn eine +Druese +sitzt ( +Druesen +scheiden bei + +S. +pentandra + +viel Sekret ab), bei einigen Arten oft nur mit +Druesen +, selten stets glatt ( + +S. myrtilloides +, +S. glaucosericea + +) +; Blattstiel kurz +, bis 1 cm lang, selten +laenger +( +meist weniger als +1/4 +so lang wie die Spreite +), bei einigen Arten im obem Teil mit +Druesen +, +Nebenblaetter +oft nicht vorhanden und meist nur an Langtrieben, 0,1-2 cm lang, lanzettlich oder nieren- bis +herzfoermig +, oft asymmetrisch; Rand wie bei den +Blaettern +. Pflanzen 1geschlechtig. +Blueten +in +achselstaendigen +Aehren +( +Kaetzchen +), vor oder gleichzeitig mit den +Blaettern +im +fruehen +Fruehling +erscheinend, oval bis zylindrisch, ++/- +sitzend oder gestielt, aufrecht bis +haengend +, dicht- bis +lockerbluetig +; +Bluetenstandsachse +meist behaart. + +Am Grunde jeder +Bluete +1-2 +Druesen +. ♂ +Bluetenstaende +: + +Jede +Bluete +mit 1 ovalen, ganzrandigen, gelben bis rotbraunen, ++/- +dicht und lang behaarten bis fast kahlen Tragblatt. + +Staubblaetter +meist 2 + +(Ausnahmen: + +S. pentandra + +3-6, meist 5, + +S +. +triandra + +3); +Staubfaeden +meist nicht verwachsen (Ausnahmen: bei + +S. purpurea + +in der ganzen +Laenge +verwachsen, bei + +S. caesia + +bis in die Mitte, seltener ganz verwachsen, bei + +S. Elaeagnos + +auf +1/4 +- +1/2 +verwachsen, bei + +S. herbacea + +frei oder bis in die Mitte verwachsen); am Grunde behaart oder ganz kahl; Staubbeutel gelb oder rot bis violett. ♀ + +Bluetenstaende +: + +Tragblaetter +wie bei ♂ +Blueten +. Frucht 3-10 mm lang, meist vom Grunde an +verschmaelert +( +birnenfoermig +), kahl oder behaart, fast sitzend bis deutlich gestielt, 1 +faecherig +, mehrsamig, 2klappig aufspringend, die Klappen dann sichel- oder +spiralfoermig +rueckwaerts +gebogen; Narben meist bis +gegen +die Mitte verwachsen, dann 4-, seltener 2teilig; Samen mit +grundstaendigem +Haarschopf. +Insektenbestaeubung +. + + +Die Gattung + +Salix + +umfasst +etwa +500 Arten +(nach Engler 1964 nur 300 Arten), die vor allem im +eurasiatischnordamerikanischen Gebiet verbreitet +sind. Davon geographisch und morphologisch getrennt sind eine Reihe verwandter Arten in +Suedamerika +, Afrika und +Suedostasien +. Die Weiden unserer Flora wurden grundlegend bearbeitet von Robert Buser (Manuskript +verfasst +1883, postum +veroeffentlicht +von Koch 1940). Wichtige +Beitraege +von Floderus ([in Holmberg 1931] 1940] 1943] 1950) und Rechinger in Hegi III /1 (1957). + + +Im Gebiet wird in Anlagen oft + +Salix elegantissima +K. Koch + +, die japanische Trauerweide, angepflanzt: Baum, Zweige +haengend +, braun, kahl, +glaenzend +; +Blaetter +bis 15 cm lang, lanzettlich, fein +gezaehnt +; ♀ +Blueten +mit 2 +Druesen +. Selten ist die nahe verwandte 5. +babylonica +L. +, die Echte Trauerweide, da wenig winterhart. Sie hat nur 1 +Druese +in den ♀ +Blueten +. Oft werden aber Bastarde der beiden asiatischen Trauerweiden mit + +S. + +alba, +S. caprea +, +S.fragilis +, +S. pentandra + + +usw. angepflanzt. + + +Zytologische Untersuchungen +wurden bisher in +Europa +nur in England und Schweden +durchgefuehrt +. Das Material stammte meist aus botanischen +Gaerten +. Wie die Autoren selbst betonen, war das Untersuchungsmaterial oft zuwenig umfangreich (nur einzelne +Straeucher +) oder die Fixierungen schlecht. Als +Chromosomengrundzahl +gilt +fast +allgemein n = 19; davon abweichend wurde nur bei Sippen von + +S. triandra, S. Starkeana +, +S. phylicifolia + +und + +S. glaucosericea + +die Grundzahl n = 22 gefunden. +Polyploidie +ist nicht selten: 2n = 38, 44, 76, 88, 114, 176, 190. +Geschlechtschromosomen +sind nicht sicher festgestellt. Bei Kreuzungen (weitere Angaben s. dort) treten gelegentlich +intersexuelle Pflanzen +auf. +Stoerungen +in meiotischen Teilungen, die auf +Apomixis +deuten, wurden bei + +S. fragilis +, +S. nigricans +, +S. cinerea + +und + +S. aurita + +beobachtet. + + +Ausgedehnte experimentelle Untersuchungen an +mitteleuropaeischen +Weiden +waeren +Grundlage +fuer +eine klarere Systematik der Gattung. Sehr wertvolle Untersuchungen (Chromosomenzahlen, Reduktionsteilung, Apomixis, Bastardbildungen) +liessen +sich ohne viel Zeit und Raum beanspruchende Pflanzungen +durchfuehren +: Kennzeichnung der untersuchten Pflanzen am Standort; Entwicklung +bestaeubter +Bluetenstaende +in Wasserkulturen. + + +Untersuchungsmaterial + + +Weiden sollten nur gesammelt werden, wenn + +vollstaendig +entwickelte +Blaetter + +vorhanden sind. Weiter sammle man nie nur Langtriebe, sogenannte Wasserschosse, da an diesen die +Blaetter +oft atypische Formen haben; es sollten immer auch + +2-3 +jaehrige +Zweige vorhanden sein; + +ferner +pruefe +man am Fundort, ob + +unter der Rinde das Holz +Laengsrippen +aufweist + +( +spaeter +laesst +sich die Rinde nicht mehr so gut abheben). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Man findet in der Literatur oft 3 getrennte +Bestimmungsschluessel +: nach Merkmalen an den +Blaettern +, an den ♂ und an den ♀ +Bluetenstaenden +. Da nur wenige Arten an den +Bluetenstaenden +allein +genuegend +charakteristische Merkmale aufweisen, ist hier auf getrennte +Schluessel +verzichtet worden. Weil die +Blaetter +waehrend +der ganzen Vegetationsperiode zur +Verfuegung +stehen, sind im +Schluessel +Blattmerkmale meist zuerst und +moeglichst +ausfuehrlich +dargestellt; als +Ergaenzung +folgen Merkmale der ♂ und ♀ +Blueten +. Habituelle Merkmale, die man am Herbarmaterial nicht sehen kann, sind weggelassen worden, ebenfalls Angaben +ueber +die +Druesen +in den +Blueten +. +
+1. Zweige und +juengste +Triebe flach +ueber +den Boden ausgebreitet, meist knorrig, +ueberall +Wurzeln treibend oder in den Boden eingewachsen und nur die +Blaetter +und +Bluetenstaende +auf der +Oberflaeche +erscheinend; +Spalierstraeucher +der alpinen und subalpinen Stufe. +
+2. +Blaetter +unterseits grau bis +weiss +, zerstreut bis dicht und anliegend und lang behaart, oberseits die netzartig angeordneten Nerven eingesenkt; +Fruechte +dicht und kurz behaart + + +S. reticulata + +(Nr. 1) +
+2*. +Blaetter +beiderseits +gruen +; +Fruechte +kahl (junge gelegentlich zerstreut behaart). +
+3. Blattrand mit oft entfernt stehenden, feinen, meist 0,1-0,2 mm langen, in der Regel breit abgerundeten +Zaehnen + + +S. herbacea + +(Nr. 2) +
+3*. Blattrand nur +gegen +die Basis hin +gezaehnt +(bis 6 feine, spitze +Zaehne +jederseits) oder ohne +Zaehne +. +
+4. +Blaetter +1-2 cm lang, an der Spitze oft ausgerandet; +Staubfaeden +etwa 3mal so lang wie die +Tragblaetter +; +Fruechte +3,5-5 mm lang + + +S. retusa + +(Nr. 3) +
+4*. +Blaetter +0,2-0,8 cm lang, an der Spitze selten ausgerandet; +Staubfaeden +etwa 2mal so lang wie die +Tragblaetter +; +Fruechte +2-3 mm lang + + +S. serpyllifolia + +(Nr. 4) +
+1*. +Baeume +oder ++/- +aufrechte +Straeucher +, mindestens die 1 +jaehrigen +Triebe bogig aufsteigend. +
+5. Blattrand in den obern ⅔ mit feinen, +regelmaessigen +, +vorwaerts +gerichteten +Zaehnen +, sonst glatt, stets flach (nicht eingerollt), +Blaetter +lanzettlich, 3-10mal so lang wie breit; +Staubfaeden +in der ganzen +Laenge +verwachsen; +Fruechte +eifoermig +, dicht und kurz behaart, Narben einen auffallenden Kopf bildend + + +S. purpurea + +(Nr. 5) +
+5*. Blattrand +ueberall +mit +Zaehnen +, +Zaehne +regelmaessig +oder +unregelmaessig +, fein bis grob, oder nur mit +Druesen +, diese gelegentlich +unregelmaessig +verteilt, oder Rand glatt; +Staubfaeden +meist frei, selten am Grunde verwachsen, nur bei + +S. caesia + +oft in der ganzen +Laenge +verwachsen: +Fruechte +vom Grunde an +verschmaelert +, behaart oder kahl, Narben deutlich 2-4teilig, nicht kopfig. +
6. Die bis 1 Jahr alten Zweige mit auffallender, blauer, leicht abwischbarer Wachsschicht (Reif), zerstreut behaart + +S. daphnoides + +(Nr. 6) +
+6*. Zweige nicht blau bereift, +gelbgruen +, hellbraun bis rotbraun, matt oder +glaenzend +, behaart oder kahl. +
+7. +Blaetter +6-20mal so lang wie breit, schmal lanzettlich, Rand auch in frischem Zustand nach unten eingerollt, ohne +Zaehne +, oft mit +Druesen +. +
+8. +Blaetter +unterseits dicht kraus behaart, daher ohne Glanz, grau bis +weiss +; +Staubfaeden +in +1/4-1/2 +der +Laenge +verwachsen, am Grunde behaart; +Fruechte +kahl + + +S. Elaeagnos + +(Nr. 7) +
+8*. +Blaetter +unterseits dicht mit ++/- +parallelen, zur Hauptsache in der Richtung der Seitennerven orientierten, anliegenden und kurzen Haaren besetzt, daher silberig +glaenzend +; +Staubfaeden +frei, kahl; +Fruechte +dicht und kurz behaart + + +S. viminalis + +(Nr. 8) +
+7*. +Blaetter +nur selten +ueber +6mal so lang wie breit, lanzettlich bis oval, Rand flach oder nach unten eingerollt, mit +Zaehnen +oder nur +Druesen +oder glatt. +
+9. +Aeltere +Blaetter +wenigstens unterseits, oft aber beiderseits der Behaarung wegen seidig oder silberig +glaenzend +, Haare ++/- +gerade, ++/- +parallel, zur Hauptsache in der +Laengsrichtung +des Blattes orientiert. +
+10. Blattrand fein und +regelmaessig +gezaehnt +; +Staubfaeden +behaart; +Fruechte +vollstaendig +kahl + + +S. alba + +(Nr. 9) +
+10*. Blattrand ohne +Zaehne +oder mit wenigen, +unregelmaessig +angeordneten +Zaehnen +, oft nur mit +Druesen +, die in den Haaren versteckt sind, oder auch ohne +Druesen +. +
+11. Blattrand ohne +Zaehne +und ohne +Druesen +, Blatt 3-7 cm lang, 2,5-4mal so lang wie breit; +Staubfaeden +behaart; +Fruechte +dicht, lang und kraus behaart + + +S. glaucosericea + +(Nr. 10) +
+11*. Blattrand mit zerstreuten +Zaehnen +, oft auch nur mit +Druesen +. +
+12. +Blaetter +2-4 cm lang, 4-10mal so lang wie breit, seitliche Nerven 8-14; +Staubfaeden +behaart; +Fruechte +dicht und kurz behaart, Haare ++/- +gerade. + + +S. rosmarinifolia + +(Nr. 11) +
+12*. +Blaetter +1-3 cm lang, 2- +31/2 +mal so lang wie breit, seitliche Nerven 4-6. +
+13. +Staubfaeden +und +Fruechte +vollstaendig +kahl + + +S. repens + +(Nr. 12) +
+13*. +Staubfaeden +behaart; +Fruechte +kurz und dicht behaart; Haare ++/- +gerade + + +S. arenaria + +(Nr. 13) +
+9*. +Aeltere +Blaetter +kraus (flaumig) oder zerstreut mit ++/- +langen, geraden Haaren behaart, nie silbrig +glaenzend +(bei einigen Arten die jungen +Blaetter +silbrig +glaenzend +), auch +vollstaendig +kahl und dabei matt oder +glaenzend +. +
+14. Blattrand stets ohne +Zaehne +, gelegentlich mit wenigen +Druesen +, +aeltere +Blaetter +beiderseits +vollstaendig +kahl, 1-3 cm lang, 2-3mal so lang wie breit, oval bis breit lanzettlich, unterseits +blaugruen +, nie beiderseits gleichfarbig +gruen +. +
+15. +Staubfaeden +frei, kahl; +Fruechte +kahl, +dunkelgruen +. Nur 3 Fundorte in den Kantonen St. Gallen und Appenzell + + +S. myrtilloides + +(Nr. 14) +
+15*. +Staubfaeden +meist bis +ueber +die Mitte, oft in der ganzen +Laenge +verwachsen, am Grunde behaart; +Fruechte +kurz und dicht behaart + + +S. caesia + +(Nr. 15) +
+14*. Blattrand mit feinen bis groben, +regelmaessigen +oder +unregelmaessigen +Zaehnen +(an Seitentrieben +Blaetter +gelegentlich ganzrandig), wenn alle +Blaetter +ohne +Zaehne +dann +Blaetter +beiderseits gleichfarbig +gruen +. +
+16. Auch junge +Fruechte +vollstaendig +kahl (bei + +S. Hegetschweileri + +die jungen +Fruechte +dicht und kurz behaart, die reifen meist +vollstaendig +kahl; Pflanze der Zentralalpen); +Blaetter +nie alle ganzrandig. +
+17. +Blaetter +unterseits +graugruen +bis +blaugruen +, an der Spitze jedoch +gruen +, zerstreut behaart bis kahl, Rand +unregelmaessig +gezaehnt +; +Staubfaeden +am Grunde behaart + + +S. nigricans + +(Nr. 16) +
+17*. +Blaetter +unterseits +gleichmaessig +blaugruen +bis +graugruen +oder beiderseits fast gleichfarbig +gruen +. +
+18. Auch die +juengsten +Blaetter +stets beiderseits +vollstaendig +kahl, Blattoberseite +dunkelgruen +, lackartig +glaenzend +. +
+19. Ausgewachsene +Blaetter +4-18 cm lang, 2-6mal so lang wie breit, Blattunterseite heller +gruen +als die Oberseite. +
+20. Blattrand +regelmaessig +und grob +gezaehnt +, +Zaehne +0,4-0,8 mm lang, +Druesen +am Blattrand mit wenig Sekret; +Staubblaetter +meist 2. Sehr selten + + +S. fragilis + +(Nr. 17) +
+20*. Blattrand +regelmaessig +und fein +gezaehnt +, +Zaehne +0,2-0,3 mm lang, +Druesen +am Blattrand mit viel Sekret; +Staubblaetter +meist 5 + + +S. pentandra + +(Nr. 18) +
+19*. +Blaetter +2-8 cm lang, 2-3mal so lang wie breit, Blattunterseite auf der ganzen +Flaeche +blaugruen +, seltener +graugruen +; +Tragblaetter +kahl oder nur zerstreut behaart, Haare lang und gerade (Unterschied zu Sippen der + +S. hastata + +mit ganz kahlen +Blaettern +). Nur in den +suedlichen +Kalkalpen + + +S. glabra + +(Nr. 19) +
+18*. +Blaetter +zerstreut bis dicht behaart, alte +Blaetter +oft auch kahl; bei + +S. hastata + +gelegentlich auch +juengste +Blaetter +ganz kahl. +
+21. Blattstiel ohne +Druesen +, +Blaetter +oberseits matt, 2-8 cm lang, 2-3mal so lang wie breit, mit der +groessten +Breite +ueber +oder in der Mitte, fein und +regelmaessig +gezaehnt +; +Staubblaetter +2; +Tragblaetter +lang und kraus behaart + + +S. hastata + +(Nr. 20) +
+21*. Blattstiel mit einigen +Druesen +, +Blaetter +oberseits +glaenzend +, 2-15 cm lang, 3-5mal (selten 2mal) so lang wie breit, mit der +groessten +Breite meist in der Mitte, fein und +regelmaessig +gezaehnt +; +Staubblaetter +3 + + +S. triandra + +(Nr. 21) +
+16*. Junge und reife +Fruechte +behaart (bei + +S. Hegetschweileri + +die reifen +Fruechte +meist +vollstaendig +kahl), wenn junge +Fruechte +kahl, dann die +Blaetter +ganzrandig. +
+22. +Blaetter +unterseits sehr dicht und kraus behaart, +weiss +, ohne Glanz (nur junge +Blaetter +mit ++/- +geraden und parallel anliegenden Haaren haben Silberglanz), oberseits +dunkelgruen +, bis 8 cm lang, 2-3mal so lang wie breit; +Staubfaeden +kahl; +Fruechte +dicht, lang und kraus behaart; Pflanze bis 1,5 m hoch + + +S. helvetica + +(Nr. 22) +
+22*. +Blaetter +unterseits nicht +weiss +(nur bei der 3-9 m hohen + +S. caprea +, Nr. + +31, gelegentlich +weisslich +.) +
+23. +Blaetter +beiderseits gleichfarbig +gruen +, Behaarung (meist nur an jungen +Blaettern +!) oberseits stets dichter als unterseits; +Staubfaeden +kahl. +
+24. Blattrand mit feinen +regelmaessigen +Zaehnen +; +Fruechte ++/- +dicht kraus behaart + + +S. breviserrata + +(Nr. 23) +
+24*. Blattrand ohne +Zaehne +; +Blaetter +und +Fruechte +oft kahl + + +S. alpina + +(Nr. 24) +
+23*. +Blaetter +nicht beiderseits gleichfarbig +gruen +, unterseits +gleichmaessig +blaugruen +bis +graugruen +. +
+25. +Blaetter +regelmaessig +oder +unregelmaessig +fein +gezaehnt +, +Zaehne +etwa 0,2 mm lang, +Blaetter +meist bis 3 cm, selten +ueber +4 cm lang; +Nebenblaetter +(an den Langtrieben) oft nicht vorhanden oder kaum 0,5 cm lang; +Staubfaeden +kahl. +
+26. +Groesste +Blattbreite meist in der Mitte, Rand fein und +regelmaessig +gezaehnt +, +Blaetter +1,5-2,5 cm lang, 2-3mal so lang wie breit + + +S. foetida + +(Nr. 25) +
+26*. +Groesste +Blattbreite fast immer +ueber +der Mitte, Rand fein, aber +unregelmaessig +gezaehnt +, +Blaetter +2-4, selten bis 6 cm lang, 2-3mal so lang wie breit. +
+27. Holz ohne +Laengsrippen +(Rinde abheben!); Staubbeutel vor dem +Aufbluehen +rot, +spaeter +rotbraun + + +S. Waldsteiniana + +(Nr. 26) +
+27*. Holz mit bis 4 mm langen +Laengsrippen +; Staubbeutel gelb. Sehr selten (Vogesen, wahrscheinlich Freiburger Alpen) + + +S. bicolor + +(Nr. 27) +
+25*. +Blaetter +unregelmaessig +und fein bis grob +gezaehnt +, +Zaehne +0,4-1 mm lang, an Kurztrieben gelegentlich ganzrandig oder Rand nur wellig, ausgewachsene +Blaetter +meist +gross +(3-15 cm lang), +11/2 +-3-, selten bis 4mal so lang wie breit, an Kurztrieben gelegentlich rundlich; +Nebenblaetter +(an den Langtrieben) meist vorhanden, oft +gross +(0,5-2 cm lang); +Staubfaeden +behaart. +
+28. 2-4 Jahre altes Holz ohne +Laengsrippen +. +
+29. 1 +jaehrige +Zweige kahl, +juengste +Triebe (Triebspitzen) kahl oder zerstreut behaart, +glaenzend +; +Blaetter +unterseits +blaugruen +bis +graugruen +. +
+30. +Blaetter +oval, meist +11/2 +-2mal so lang wie breit, ausgewachsene +Blaetter +unterseits stets kahl. +
+31. +Blaetter +3-8 cm lang, am Grund abgerundet bis +herzfoermig +, ausgewachsene stets kahl; +Tragblaetter +an der Spitze dunkelbraun, auf der +Flaeche +und am Rande lang behaart + + +S. Hegetschweileri + +(Nr. 28) +
+31*. +Blaetter +3-5 cm lang, +gegen den Grund +zu +allmaehlich +verschmaelert +, +groesste +Breite +ueber +der Mitte, unterseits kahl, oberseits oft zerstreut kraus behaart; +Tragblaetter +ueberall +hellbraun, auf der +Flaeche +fast kahl, am Rande dicht und lang behaart. Wenige Fundorte in +Sueddeutschland +, nahe der Schaffhauser Grenze + + +S. Starkeana + +(Nr. 29) +
+30*. +Blaetter +lanzettlich, etwa 3mal so lang wie breit, +gegen den Grund +zu +allmaehlich +verschmaelert +, unterseits behaart, Epidermis jedoch sichtbar + + +S. appendiculata + +(Nr. 30) +
+29*. +Juengste +Triebe fein und kraus behaart. +
+32. +Blaetter +etwa 2mal so lang wie breit, Rand fein bis grob und +unregelmaessig +gezaehnt +, unterseits +graugruen +bis +weisslich +, dicht und kraus behaart, so +dass +die Epidermis nicht sichtbar; Haare etwa 1 mm lang + + +S. caprea + +(Nr. 31) +
+32*. +Blaetter +meist 3-4mal so lang wie breit, Rand wellig oder glatt, seltener grob +gezaehnt +, Behaarung an jungen +Blaettern +wie bei + +S. caprea + +, an +aelteren +lockerer und Epidermis gut sichtbar. Selten, Alpengebiet + + +S. pubescens + +(Nr. 32) +
+28*. 2-4 Jahre altes Holz mit 1-2 cm langen, in frischem Zustand 0,2 bis 0,5 mm hohen, scharfen +Laengsrippen +. +
+33. +Blaetter +hoechstens +doppelt so lang wie breit; Rand auffallend grob und +unregelmaessig +gezaehnt +, +Zaehne +oft senkrecht abstehend (sonst nach vorn gerichtet), in den Buchten Rand nach unten umgebogen; +aeltere +Zweige ganz kahl + + +S. aurita + +(Nr.33) +
+33*. +Blaetter +meist 2-3mal so lang wie breit, Rand wellig oder +unregelmaessig +fein bis grob +gezaehnt +oder glatt + + +S. cinerea + +(Nr. 34) +
+ + + + +<normalizedToken id="FA4BFA2A204A855DDC7577EB0DA78D98" originalValue="Schlüssel" pageId="null" pageNumber="653">Schluessel</normalizedToken> +zur Gattung +<taxonomicName id="1ACC965C0444B7614ACC6EAB099C6FC9" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="null" pageNumber="653" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName> + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/21/12/1621129C85F24CB2861C6856AE9DB2E1.xml b/data/16/21/12/1621129C85F24CB2861C6856AE9DB2E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..54fd307446e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/21/12/1621129C85F24CB2861C6856AE9DB2E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,167 @@ + + + +A new species of Echinolaophonte and record of E. armiger (Gurney, 1927) (Crustacea, Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Laophontidae) from the Caribbean with a key to species + + + +Author + +Fuentes-Reines, Juan Manuel + + + +Author + +Suarez-Morales, Eduardo + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +722 + + +19 +36 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.722.14560 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.722.14560 +1313-2970-722-19 +2E581377C1D24903AFCCA40C8CF48845 + + + + +Echinolaophonte armiger (Gurney, 1927) +Figs 6 +C-D +, 7 + + + + +Syn. +Laophonte armiger +Gurney, 1927: 554-556, fig. 159; +Willey 1930 +: 108-109, figs 65-67; +Carvalho 1952 +: 159-160, Pl. II, figs 68-71. +Onychocamptus armiger +Lang, 1948: 1423-1424, Abb. 571(12), 580. + + + +Material examined. + +One dissected adult female (CBUMAG:MEI:0003), two adult males and four adult females, ethanol-preserved, vial (CBUMAG:MEI:0002; CBUMAG:MEI:0001); Colombia, Magdalena, Rodadero Bay, +11°14'N +, +74°12'W +, August, 2016; coll. J.M. +Fuentes-Reines +. One male, one female prepared for SEM analysis. + + + +Description. + +Female. Habitus as in Figure 7A. Body cylindrical in dorsal view, prosome gradually tapering anteriorly. Total body length measured from anterior margin of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami ranging from 616 to 644 +μm +(average = 624.4 +μm +, n = 5). Rostrum conical in lateral view, trapezoid with flat anterior margin in dorsal view (Fig. 7B). Strong, dorsal spinous process present at median posterior margin of cephalosome reaching midlength of second pedigerous somite; process smooth in lateral view (arrow in Fig. 7A, C). Cephalosome with lateral posterior corners produced into triangular expansions (arrows in Fig. 7G) with weak cuticular incisions. + +Antennule (Fig. 7D) 6-segmented, with long aesthetasc on fourth segment. Antenna (Fig. 7E, F) three-segmented, comprising coxa, allobasis, one-segmented endopod and one-segmented exopod, antennal exopod one-segmented with four well developed, pinnate setae (two lateral, two apical). + +Mandible, maxillule, maxilla, and maxilliped (Fig. 6C) as in syntype specimens of +E. armiger +( +Lee et al., 2006 +), except for seta on maxillary coxa (arrow in Fig. 7H). + + + +Figure 6. +Echinolaophonte villabonae +sp. n., female from Colombia, SEM-prepared specimen. A antennule B maxilliped showing proximal position of spinule comb (arrow); +E. armiger +female from Colombia C maxilliped showing medial position of spinule comb D male maxilliped. + + + +P1 (Fig. 7I) with ENP and EXP two-segmented, ENP1 length/width ratio = 5.6, ENP2 ratio = 2.8, with denticulate claw and small, naked seta at base. EXP short. EXP1 with unipinnate spine. EXP2 with three unipinnate spines and two geniculate setae. P2-P4 as described by +Lee et al. (2006) +. + +P5 (Fig. 7J) with EXP and baseoendopod separate; each covered with spinules. Baseoendopod with short setophore bearing basal seta. Endopodal lobe armed with four setae, exopodal lobe with three. P6 represented by one inner small and one outer longer seta. Caudal rami length/width ratio = 1.4. + +Male +. Habitus resembling that of female (Fig. 7K). Total body length ranging from 532 to 588 +μm +(average = 560 +μm +, n = 3).Cephalosome with strong dorsal spiniform medial process as in female (arrowed in Fig. 6K). Antennule (Fig. 7L) subchirocer, eight-segmented, with geniculation between segments 5 and 6. First segment with row of spinules, second segment with small subdistal knob. Segment 5 swollen, segment 6 with spiniform processes. Maxilliped with relatively narrower basis and longer terminal claw than in female (Fig. 6D). + +P1 (Fig. 7M) and P2 as in female; P3-P4 as in female, except for outer and distal spines of exopod which are slightly thicker than in female. P5 (Fig. 7N) fused medially, defined at base. Baseoendopod with short setophore bearing long outer basal seta, endopodal lobe obsolete. Exopod narrow, armed with three pinnate setae and spinules on anterior surface. P6 (Fig. 7O) represented by subquadrate plate armed with bipinnate inner and naked outer seta. Caudal rami length/width ratio = 1.4. + + +Figure 7. +A-O +Echinolaophonte armiger +(Gurney) from Colombia, unscaled digital micrographs. Adult female (body length = 644 +μm +). A habitus, lateral view showing dorsal process on cephalic shield (arrow) B rostrum showing flat anterior surface and depressed distal margins C process on cephalic shield, lateral view D antennule E antenna F detail of antennary exopod G cephalosome showing weak development of posterolateral margins (arrows), dorsal view H maxillule showing slender inner seta on syncoxa (arrowed) I leg1 J leg 5; adult male (body length 560 +μm +) K habitus, lateral view showing smooth dorsal process on cephalosome L antennule M leg1 N leg 5 O leg 6. + + + + +Variability. +One male was observed to have three setal elements on the antennal exopod instead of the usual pattern of four. + + +Remarks. + +The present record, from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, is the fifth of +E. armiger +sensu Gurney, 1927 worldwide. In the surveyed area this species coexists +with +the closely related +E. villabonae +, which is locally more abundant. +Lee et al. (2006) +redescribed +E. armiger +from syntypic specimens from the Suez Canal and complemented their report with specimens from the Gulf of Mexico (Texan Coast, USA); the species is characterized by: 1) the smooth apical margin of the rostrum, 2) the simple dorsal spinous process on the cephalosome, 3) the armature formula of the swimming legs, 4) the short ENP2 of P2-P4, 5) the unmodified P3 endopod in male, 6) the slightly modified exopods of P3 and P4 in male, 7) the short setophore of the P5 outer basal seta, 8) short caudal ramus (only 1.4 times longer than wide), 9) the shape of dorsal spiny processes in the prosome and urosome and 10) the shape of pseudoperculum. Most of these distinctive traits were observed in the Colombian specimens. However, subtle differences were detected in our specimens from Colombia, thus allowing an expansion of the morphological range of this species: 1) a maxillary coxal seta is present in the Colombian specimens (Fig. 7H) whereas it is absent in the Texan material ( +Lee et al. 2006 +: fig. 2F), 2) the P1ENP1 length/width ratio. It is 5.6 in the Colombian specimen (Fig. 7I) whereas in the Texas specimens the figure is slightly higher: 5.8 ( +Lee et al. 2006 +: fig. 3A). + + + +Distribution. + +Suez Canal, Egypt (type locality), the Texan coast (USA) ( +Lee et al. 2006 +), Brazil ( +Carvalho 1952 +), northern Colombia (present data), and possibly Bermuda ( +Willey 1930 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/21/13/16211312A9CFA55D2D561AAE55B7E669.xml b/data/16/21/13/16211312A9CFA55D2D561AAE55B7E669.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..681d4062c39 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/21/13/16211312A9CFA55D2D561AAE55B7E669.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Dipodidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +871 +893 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Eozapus setchuanus +(Pousargues 1896) + + + + + + + +[Zapus] setchuanus +Pousargues 1896 + +, + +Bull. +Mus +. Hist. Nat. Paris, 2: 13 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +China +, +Sichuan Prov. +, Tatsienlu (Kangding). + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Chinese Jumping Mouse +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Eozapus vicinus +(Thomas 1912) + +. + + + + +Distribution: +China +: +Qinghai +, +Gansu +, +Ningxia +, +Shaanxi +, +Sichuan +, and NW +Yunnan +; +3000-4000 m +( +Qin, 1991 +; Wang, 1990, 2003; +Zhang and Wang, 1963 +; +Zheng and Zhang, 1990 +; +Zhang et al., 1997 +, provided distribution map). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Vulnerable. + + + + +Discussion: +Martin (1994:5) wrote "Although distinctly more hypsodont and with lophs and lophids connecting the primary molar cusps, + +Eozapus + +retains the generalized, underived zapodid pattern of + +Plesiosminthus + +." The latter is the oldest known scistine found in late Oligocene and Miocene sediments in both Europe and North America. Reviewed by + +Corbet (1978 +c +) + +and +Corbet and Hill (1992) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/21/36/162136E1EDDEEC39F364C358B5EBE804.xml b/data/16/21/36/162136E1EDDEEC39F364C358B5EBE804.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..54c8375e52c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/21/36/162136E1EDDEEC39F364C358B5EBE804.xml @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ + + + +Les formicides de l'Empire des Indes et de Ceylan. Part II. Suite au genre Camponotus + + + +Author + +Auguste Forel + +text + + +Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society + + +1893 + +7 + + +430 +439 + + + +journal article +10.5281/ZENODO.14512 + + + + + +Camponotus marginatus var. himalayanus +Forel + +sp. nov. + + + +This treatment is a stub. You can help Plazi making the full treatment available. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/21/4D/16214D2B0A885FCEB9C9D826D425CDB3.xml b/data/16/21/4D/16214D2B0A885FCEB9C9D826D425CDB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..35f3497a33f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/21/4D/16214D2B0A885FCEB9C9D826D425CDB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,132 @@ + + + +An updated synopsis of Tanaecium (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) + + + +Author + +Frazao, Annelise + + + +Author + +Lohmann, Lucia G. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2019 + +132 + + +31 +52 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.132.37538 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.132.37538 +1314-2003-132-31 +EE9337EAE191555593FFACFB65C7A5FE +3472174 + + + + +7. + +Tanaecium decorticans +Frazao +& L.G.Lohmann, Pl. Syst. Evol. 304: 1248. fig. 2. 2018. + + + + +Type. + +Brazil. +Para +: Belterra, Entrada da estrada de +Aramanai +para Pindobal, +proximo +a Fazenda +Sao +Sebastiao +, 41 m a. s. l., +2°38'24.7"S +, +54°59'06.6"W +, 20 Sep 2015, A. +Frazao +210 (holotype: SPF!; isotype: RB!, MO!). + + + +Habitat and distribution. + + +Tanaecium decorticans + +is known from the Brazilian Amazon ( +Para +, +Maranhao +). + + + +Phenology. +Flowering: February and September; fruiting: September and December. + + +Notes. + +This species is morphologically most similar to + +T. pyramidatum + +, sharing characters such as the subulate prophylls, infundibular corolla with white mouth, and linear fruits (Tab. +1 +). However, + +T. decorticans + +can be differentiated from + +T. pyramidatum + +by the stems with peeling epidermis (vs. stems without peeling epidermis in + +T. pyramidatum + +), petiolules with arrow-shaped apices (vs. lacking in + +T. pyramidatum + +), and fruits flattened with glandular patelliform and peltate trichomes along the margins (vs. fruits inflated without glandular patelliform and peltate trichomes along the margins in + +T. pyramidatum + +) ( + +Frazao +and Lohmann 2018 + +) (Tab. +1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/21/C0/1621C04278388DD256214193497992FB.xml b/data/16/21/C0/1621C04278388DD256214193497992FB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e369857a3ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/21/C0/1621C04278388DD256214193497992FB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Ranunculaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/ranunculaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Thalictrum alpinum +L. + + + + + +Alpen-Wiesenraute + + + + +Art ISFS: 415400 Checklist: 1046330 +Ranunculaceae +Thalictrum +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: + +5-15 cm +hoch, kahl. Alle +Blaetter +in +grundstaendiger +Rosette + +, seltener auch 1 +Staengelblatt +, 1-2fach gefiedert, +Teilblaettchen +nur +2-4 mm +lang, rundlich, grob +gezaehnt +bis tief geteilt, oberseits +dunkelgruen +, unterseits heller. + +Blueten +in +endstaendiger +Traube + +, zuletzt nickend. +Perigonblaetter +hoechstens +2 mm +lang, wie die +Staubfaeden +roetlich +. +Fruechtchen +sitzend oder undeutlich gestielt. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 6-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Rasen, Moore / (subalpin-)alpin / GR (Unterengadin, +Muenstertal +, Bernina) + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Arktisch-alpin + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +3w + 32-41 + 3.h.2n=14 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Potenziell +gefaehrdet + + + + +Nationale +Prioritaet +: 3 - Mittlere nationale +Prioritaet + + +Internationale Verantwortung +: 3 - Hoch Erhalten/ +Foerdern +Gefaehrdungen +Eingeschraenktes +Verbreitungsgebiet + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +4.3.7 - Krummseggenrasen ( +Caricion curvulae +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ++/- +2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +unter-alpin, supra-subalpin und ober-subalpin ( +Arven-Laerchenwaelder +) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K + +subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, +maessige +Temperaturschwankungen und +maessig +tiefe Wintertemperaturen) +
+ + + + +Abhaengigkeit +vom Wasser + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Fluesse +1 - Zusatz- oder Nebenlebensraum
Ruhiges Wasser1 - Zusatz- oder Nebenlebensraum
Grundwasser0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.
+ + +Nomenklatur + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Thalictrum alpinum +L. + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Alpen-Wiesenraute +Nom +francais +: +Pigamon des Alpes +Nome italiano: +Pigamo alpino + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Checklist 2017 + +415400
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +201
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +205
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +205
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +415400
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Landolt 1977 + +1127
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Landolt 1991 + +976
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +415400
= +Thalictrum alpinum L. + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +429
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Potenziell +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: B1ab(iii); B2ab(iii) + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU)--
Mittelland (MP)--
Alpennordflanke (NA)--
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) +--
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +potenziell +gefaehrdet +(Near Threatened) +B1ab(iii); B2ab(iii)
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)--
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +Nationale +Prioritaet + + +3 - Mittlere nationale +Prioritaet +
+Massnahmenbedarf +0 - Kein Massnahmebedarf
+ +Internationale Verantwortung + +3 - Hoch
+ +Ueberwachung +Bestaende + + +0 - +Ueberwachung +ist nicht +noetig +
+ +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + +Erhalten/ +Foerdern +Gefaehrdungen +und Massnahmen +Eingeschraenktes +Verbreitungsgebiet +Regelmaessiges +Monitoring +durchfuehren +(PopCount, Mission +Ueberwachen +) Ex situ Material Close + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/22/11/162211E9E0ADB1539C4613B2FCD5116D.xml b/data/16/22/11/162211E9E0ADB1539C4613B2FCD5116D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..95d1b5b7668 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/22/11/162211E9E0ADB1539C4613B2FCD5116D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Adnotationes in monographiam formicarum borealium Europae. + + + +Author + +Nylander, W. + +text + + +Acta Societatis Scientiarum Fennicae + + +1846 + +2 + + +875 +944 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4277/4277.pdf + +journal article +4277 + + + + +15. +F. fusca Linn +. + + + +Fn. Suec. 1722. Latr. Fourm. 159, pl. VI, fig. 32. [[ worker ]] [[ queen ]] [[ male ]]. Fabr. Piez. 392, 13. Hueber Rech. Fourm, pl. 2, fig. 8, 9, 10, [[ queen ]] [[ worker ]] [[ male ]]. Zett. Ins. Lapp. 448, 4. Lepel. S: t Farg. Hymen. 205, 6. Dahlb. mscrpt. + + +Femina: fusco-nigra nitida cinereo-micans, mandibulis rufescenlibus, antennarum scapis pedibusque ferrugineo-lestaceis; alis albo-hyalinis, nervis et stigmate fuscis; squama lata triaugulariter subrotundata; abdomine polito, subnudo. +Mas: fusco-niger nitidus cinereo-micans, antennarum scapis saepissime et pedibus genitalibusque testaceo-flavescentibus; squama crassa subquadrata; supra concaviuscula. + + +Habitare videtur in omnibus regiqnibus Europae. In Fennia occurrunt mares teminaeque sub m. Junio et Julio parcius. + + +[[ worker ]]. (Operariam hujus hucusque ab operaria prascedentis notis positivis distinguere haud valeo, nec conjecturas audeo, quando eam numquam simul cum femina in nido observavi; determinado igitur omnis differenda, donec melius docuerit experientia). +[[ queen ]]. Long. 3 1 / 2 lin. Simillima [[ queen ]] praecedentis, tamen sequentibus notis distincta. Magnitudo paullo major. Caput et thorax dense subtiliter adpresse cinereo-pubescentia, micantia. Occiput thoracis latitudine. Antennae scapis et basibus flagellorum testaceo-ferrugineis. Alas albo-hyalinae, nervis et stigmate fuscis, radice et tegula testaceis nitidis; alae anticae 3 1 / 2 lin. longae. Prothoracis margo pleuralis et sternalis rufescens. Pedes pallide testaceo-ferruginei, coxis prater apicem fuscis. Abdomen nitidissimum subaenescens, thorace paulo longius ovale, latius et depressius quam in procedente, segmento tertio latiori quam secundo, multo latiori quam quarto; segmentis omnibus subtilissime sparse adpresse cinereo-pubescentibus, basibus late nudis politis, apicibus praesertim in lateribus et ventre membranaceo-pallescentibus; segmentum secundum ad basin supra utrinque trausversum obsolete impressum; anus summus rufescens. +[[ male ]]. Long. 3 1 / 2 lin. habitu similis feminae, formatione partium apud mares in hac subdivisione solita. Mandibula; apice rufescentes. Oculi prominuli nudi; ocelli in prominentia obsoleta verticis. Antennae scapis vel pallide testaceis vel obscuris. Thorax tamquam caput sericeo-micans. Alae ut in [[ worker ]], interdum obsoletissime fuscescentes; anticae long. 3 lin. Pedes pallide testacei coxis plus minus fuscis et articulo tarsorum ultimo parum obscuro. Abdomen sericeo nitens paulum subaenescens, interdum brunnescens, marginibus segmentorum certo situ cinerascenti-membranaceis. Genitalia cum valvula ventrali flavidopilosula, pallide testacea. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/22/15/162215664AB5FF9088EDEE113875D5BD.xml b/data/16/22/15/162215664AB5FF9088EDEE113875D5BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cc1a6d6438f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/22/15/162215664AB5FF9088EDEE113875D5BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Bankov, Nikola + + + +Author + +Todorov, Milcho + + + +Author + +Ganeva, Anna + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +25295 +25295 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e25295 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e25295 +1314-2828--25295 + + + + +Nebela rotunda Penard, 1890 + + + + +Nebela tincta var. rotunda +Penard, 1890 + + + +Distribution +Vitosha Mt. (new data). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/22/65/1622654E89274628BDD1358175F0A6BF.xml b/data/16/22/65/1622654E89274628BDD1358175F0A6BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f407a29bb1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/22/65/1622654E89274628BDD1358175F0A6BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Marine Bryozoa of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gerovasileiou, Vasilis + + + +Author + +Rosso, Antonietta + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10672 +10672 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10672 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10672 +1314-2828-4-10672 + + + + +Escharina dutertrei protecta Zabala, Maluquer & Harmelin, 1993 + + + +Notes + +Harmelin 1969 +, +Hayward 1974 +, +Morri et al. 1999 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/22/B0/1622B0F64AE9663886967B00F4FF48E4.xml b/data/16/22/B0/1622B0F64AE9663886967B00F4FF48E4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eb091928b6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/22/B0/1622B0F64AE9663886967B00F4FF48E4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + +Kirkegaardia tesselata (Hartman, 1960) + + + + +Monticellina tesselata +(Hartman, 1960) + + + +Notes + +Questionable status. Reported from Greece by +Koulouri et al. (2015) +. In the Mediterranean also reported from Spain ( + +Desbruyeres +et al. 1973 + +) and Turkey ( + +Cinar +et al. 2014 + +). + +Cinar +(2005) + +reports morphological differences in chaetal features between specimens from Cyprus and the original description of +Kirkegaardia tesselata +, concluding that the material might belong to an undescribed species. +Blake (2016) +, having examined a specimen of +Kirkegaardia +from France, refers this specimen and the literature references of +Monticellina tesselata +by + +Cinar +et al. (2014) + +and + +Cinar +(2005) + +to an undescribed +Kirkegaardia +species ( +Kirkegaardia +sp. A). He restricts the distribution of +Kirkegaardia tesselata +to California. Greek specimens possibly do not belong to +Kirkegaardia tesselata +but the material would require re-examination to confirm its identity. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/22/D1/1622D120FFA91E426EDCF907FD37F38C.xml b/data/16/22/D1/1622D120FFA91E426EDCF907FD37F38C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..138428c2917 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/22/D1/1622D120FFA91E426EDCF907FD37F38C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + +A new species of sand racer, Psammodromus (Squamata: Lacertidae), from the Western Iberian Peninsula + + + +Author + +Fitze, Patrick S. + + + +Author + +Gonzalez-Jimena, Virginia + + + +Author + +San-Jose, Luis M. + + + +Author + +Mauro, Diego San + + + +Author + +Zardoya, Rafael + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2012 + +3205 + + +41 +52 + + + +journal article +45360 +10.5281/zenodo.213215 +b29bf2a6-7d5b-4300-a108-51d294fb7bb6 +1175-5326 +213215 + + + + + + + +Psammodromus occidentalis + +new species + + + + + + +Holotype +: +MNCN +/ ADN 34516 (field number PF_08_2001, GenBank accession number +FJ587677 +), adult male from Colmenar del Arroyo (Madrid, +Spain +, +40° 27’ 22.14’’N +, +4° 10’ 28.36’’W +) captured on +24 October 2008 +by Patrick S. Fitze and Virginia Gonzalez-Jimena. It is conserved in pure alcohol and frozen at -80°C. + + + +TABLE 2. +Variation of specimens of the + +Psammodromus hispanicus hispanicus + +Central lineage collected on 15 October 2010 at the Neotype locality. + + + +Voucher number +MNCN +/ ADN + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
41746 41747417484174941750
age1st year adultadultadult1st year
sexmale malefemalefemalemale
SVL (mm)45 48504740
total length (mm)113 9691109103
+ +tail characteristics intact re-grown, cut at 57 re-grown, cut at 56 re-grown, cut at 71 intact + +mm +1 mm1 mm +1 + + +belly coloration white white yellowish yellowish yellowish body mass (g) 1.48 1.87 1.99 1.48 1.05 + +Description of the +holotype +. + +Adult male ( +Figure 4 +) with detached original tail: SVL +43 mm +, total length +63 mm +, belly colour white, body mass +1.497 g +, 12 femoral pores on both hind limbs, head length +10.7 mm +, head width +5.5 mm +, snout length +3.5 mm +, snout width +4.1 mm +, anal scale width +2.9 mm +, 24 ventral scales, no supralabial scale below the subocular scale, 18 throat scales, one collar scale, two ocelli on each flank, nuptial coloration score 0. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
# femoral pores (left/right) 10/10 10/1010/1010/1110/11
head length (mm) 10.4 11.410.39.99.7
snout length (mm) 3.8 4.1 snout width (mm) 3.4 3.63.9 3.63.8 3.43.5 3.2
anal scale width (mm) 3.0 3.63.32.52.4
# ventral scale rows 24 24282924
# supralabial scales below 0 0 subocular scale000
# number throat scales 17 17192117
# collar scales 0 2 6535
# ocelli (left/right) 2/2 2/21/12/22/2
nuptial coloration score 0000
1measured from snout tip; 2not differentiated.
+ + +Paratypes +: +MNCN +/ ADN 34515 (field number PF_08_2000, GenBank accession number +FJ587676 +), first-year female. +BMNH +2008.271 (field number PF_08_2002; +DNA +sample +MNCN +/ ADN 34517; GenBank accession number +FJ587678 +), adult male. +BMNH +2008.272 (field number PF_08_2003; +DNA +sample +MNCN +/ADN 34518, GenBank accesion number: +FJ587679 +), first year male. All specimens were captured in the +type +locality (Colmenar del Arroyo, Madrid +40° 27’ 22.14’’N +, +4° 10’ 28.36’’W +) by Patrick S. Fitze and Virginia Gonzalez-Jimena on +October 24th, 2008 +. They are conserved in pure alcohol and frozen at -80°C. The characteristics of the collected individuals are summarized in Table 3. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Psammodromus occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +(former name: + +P. hispanicus hispanicus + +Western lineage; Fitze +et al. +2011) shows 20–29 ventral scale rows, no supralabial scale below the subocular scale, 15–26 throat scales, 0– 3 collar scales, 9–15 femoral pores, a snout shape of 0.96–2.51, 0–5 ocelli, and a nuptial coloration score of 0–4. It can be distinguished from the + +edwardsianus + +lineage by the absence of a supralabial scale below the subocular scale, lower femoral pore numbers, more extended nuptial coloration, and slightly bigger snout shape values, and from the Central lineage ( + +P. hispanicus + +) by bigger snout shape values, corresponding to a less pointed snout, higher number of femoral pores, and higher number of ocelli. Molecular differentiation based on mitochondrial and the nuclear datasets shows that + +P. occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +is more distant from the + +edwardsianus + +and Central lineage than the later two from each other. + +Psammodromus occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +can be easily distinguished from + +P. algirus + +by the smaller body size, a shorter tail length that rarely exceeds +2 x +SVL (in adult individuals with intact tail: mean = 1.5 x ± 0.02; range = 0.7 – 2.4; + +P. algirus + +> +2 x +SVL, +Böhme 1981 +), absence of pterygoid teeth ( +Arnold 1989 +), presence of a gular fold and distinct collar scales, absence of imbricated and pointed ventral scales, and presence of two +TABLE 3. +Variation of + +Psammodromus occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +paratypes +collected on +24 October 2008 +at the +holotype +locality. central ventral rows of clearly narrower scales compared to scales of adjoining rows. + +Psammodromus occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +differs from + +P. blanci + +by a clearly present gular fold, absence of imbricate or rounded ventral scales, two narrower central ventral rows (compared to the adjoining ventral rows), by rarely existing solid lateral lines, and by a brown grayish dorsal ground color ( + +Schleich +et al. +1996 + +). It differs from + +P. microdactylus + +by the presence of a gular fold, distinct collar scales, a brown grayish dorsal ground color, two dashed lateral lines, absence of pointed or rounded central ventral rows, presence of two narrower central ventral rows, and absence of greenish or dark olive dorsal ground color ( + +Schleich +et al. +1996 + +). + + + + +FIGURE 4. +Photographs of the holotype + +Psammodromus occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +voucher number MNCN/ADN 34516; a) dorsal view, b) ventral view, c) lateral view (left side). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Voucher numberMNCN/ ADN 34515BMNH 2008.271BMNH 2008.272
age1st yearadult1st year
sexfemalemalemale
SVL (mm)394437
total length (mm)69126105
tail characteristicstail cut previous to captureintactintact
belly colorationwhitewhiteyellowish
body mass (g)0.981.551.00
# femoral pores (left/right)10/1011/1111/11
head length (mm)9.311.29.2
head width (mm)4.75.94.8
snout length (mm)3.03.53.6
snout width (mm)3.33.92.9
anal scale width (mm)2.43.42.2
# ventral scale rows262224
# supralabial scales below subocular scale000
# number throat scales192020
# collar scales111
# ocelli (left/right)2/22/22/3
nuptial coloration score000
+ + + +Etymology. +The species epithet refers to the geographical distribution of this lizard. All described populations are located on the Western Iberian Peninsula. + + + + +Distribution. + +P. occidentalis + + +sp. n. + +was captured on the Western Iberian Peninsula ( +Figure 1 +). The + +edwardsianus + +and Central lineages were found on the East coast and in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, as previously described ( +Boulenger 1921 +; Fitze +et al. +2011). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/0C/16230CDF6FA62F3A6A0431AEE23E79F6.xml b/data/16/23/0C/16230CDF6FA62F3A6A0431AEE23E79F6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..66dcf295fff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/0C/16230CDF6FA62F3A6A0431AEE23E79F6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ + + + +Updated list of the mosquitoes of Colombia (Diptera: Culicidae) + + + +Author + +Rozo-Lopez, Paula + + + +Author + +Mengual, Ximo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4567 +4567 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 +1314-2828--4567 + + + + +Howardina septemstriata (Dyar & Knab, 1907) + + + +Notes + +Barreto-Reyes 1955 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/60/16236078ABF0F05D9FF17E7F8245E455.xml b/data/16/23/60/16236078ABF0F05D9FF17E7F8245E455.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..67d34c3602b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/60/16236078ABF0F05D9FF17E7F8245E455.xml @@ -0,0 +1,580 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Campanulaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/campanulaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Campanula rotundifolia +L. + + + + + + +Rundblaettrige +Glockenblume + + + + + +Art ISFS: 77100 Checklist: 1008640 +Campanulaceae +Campanula +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +10-40 cm +hoch, +mit sterilen Blattrosetten +. +Staengel ++/- +gleichmaessig +beblaettert +. +Staengelblaetter +laenglich-eifoermig +bis lineal-lanzettlich, +/- ganzrandig, die +untersten deutlich gestielt +. +Grundstaendige +Blaetter +lang gestielt, + +rundlich bis +herzfoermig + +, +gezaehnt +. +Blueten +einzeln auf +duennen +Stielen. +Krone blau bis violettblau +, +glockenfoermig +, +1-2 cm +lang. + +Bluetenknospen +meist aufrecht + +. Frucht nickend, meist kahl. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 5-9 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Wiesen, Felsen / kollin-subalpin(-alpin) / CH + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Eurasiatisch-nordamerikanisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +232-43 + 4.h.2n=34 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+3.3 - Steinschutt- und +Geroellfluren +
+3.4.1.2 - Trockene Kalkfelsflur ( +Potentillion +) +
+3.4.2.3 - Serpentingesteinsflur ( +Asplenion serpentini +) +
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +trocken +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Campanula rotundifolia +L. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Rundblaettrige +Glockenblume + +Nom +francais +: + +Campanule +a +feuilles rondes + +Nome italiano: + +Campanula +soldanella + + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Checklist 2017 + +77100
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +1905
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +1989
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +1989
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +77100
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Landolt 1977 + +2931
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Landolt 1991 + +2370
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +77100
= +Campanula rotundifolia L. + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +1704
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Mittelland (MP) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF98D067FE99FCB7FAD8F8BD.xml b/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF98D067FE99FCB7FAD8F8BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a25eee545be --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF98D067FE99FCB7FAD8F8BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +A new genus and species of Richardiidae (Diptera) from Hispaniola + + + +Author + +Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E. + + + +Author + +Thompson, F. Christian + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1259 + + +25 +31 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.173157 +f02bd0c2-5509-4600-93f7-7dec703de97c +1175­5326 +173157 + + + + + + +Key to genera related to + +Odontomera + + + + + + +Odontomera + +and related genera differ from all other +Richardiidae +by the following combination of characters: Femora with apicoventral rows of spinose setae; postmetacoxal bridge complete; anal vein (A1) short, not reaching wing margin. + + + + + + +1. Head without orbital setae and lateral vertical seta; size large: body +15 mm +, wing + +11 +mm + +............................................................................................ +Johnrichardia + +gen. nov. + + + + + +­ Head with orbital and lateral vertical setae; size smaller: body less than +10 mm +, wing less than +6 mm +............................................................................................................... 2 + + + + + + +2. Crossveins r­m and dm­cu coincident or at least not as far part as length of crossvein dm­cu; scutellar setae 2 pairs + +...................................................... +Antineuromyia + +Hendel + + + +­ Crossveins r­m and dm­cu farther apart than length of crossvein dm­cu; scutellar seta 1 pair.............................................................................................................................. 3 + + + + + +3. Frons, in lateral view, strongly developed dorsoanteriorly on ventral 1/2, with produced portion almost as long as eye is wide (fig. 4) + +................... +Oedematella + +Hendel + + + +­ Frons not so produced, never more than 1/4 as long as eye width (figs. 3, 5)............. 4 + + + + + +4. Occiput, in lateral view, broad dorsally, as broad on dorsal 1/4 as on ventral 1/3 (fig. 5) + +.......................................................................................................... +Sepsisoma + +Johnson + + + +­ Occiput, in lateral view, narrow dorsally, much narrower on dorsal 1/4 than on ventral 1/3 (fig. 3)...................................................................................................................... 5 + + + + + +5. Postpronotal seta present; ocellar triangle base (posterior margin) well anterior to posterior eye margin + +...................................................................... +Macrostenomyia + +Hendel + + + + +­ Postpronotum without seta; ocellar triangle base more or less in line with posterior eye margin + +.......................................................................................... +Odontomera + +Macquart + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF9AD063FE99FA75FBBFFC7A.xml b/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF9AD063FE99FA75FBBFFC7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa426cd59cf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF9AD063FE99FA75FBBFFC7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ + + + +A new genus and species of Richardiidae (Diptera) from Hispaniola + + + +Author + +Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E. + + + +Author + +Thompson, F. Christian + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1259 + + +25 +31 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.173157 +f02bd0c2-5509-4600-93f7-7dec703de97c +1175­5326 +173157 + + + + + + + +Johnrichardia vockerothi +Perez­Gelabert & Thompson + +, +sp. nov. + + + +Yellow with black maculae on first 5 terga; wing hyaline except for enlarged brownish black stigmal and apical maculae. + + + +Head +. Clypeus yellow; palpus yellow; face yellow, slightly more brownish on ventral 1/2; parafacial stripe yellow, white pollinose; gena yellow, orange pilose; lunule yellow; frons light yellowish brown except narrowly yellow along eye margin; occiput yellow, orange pilose; antenna yellowish orange, orange pilose; basoflagellomere elongate, about twice as long as broad, about 3 times as long as pedicel, with small basoventral round sensory pit on lateral surface; arista long, slightly more than twice as long as rest of antenna. + + + +FIGURES 3–5. +Heads, lateral view. 3. + +Odontomera nitens +(Schiner) + +, from Hendel 1911b: fig. 54; 4. + +Oedematella czernyi +Hendel + +, from Hendel 1911b: fig. 68; 5. + +Sepsisoma geniculatum +(Schiner) + +, from Hendel 1911b: fig. 58. + + + +Thorax +. Prothorax yellow; setae black except orange postpronotal and anepisternals; meso­ and metathorax orangish yellow; calypter white with margin yellow; halter white. Legs: yellow except tarsi orange, pale pilose. Wing: hyaline except costal cell yellow, stigma and adjacent area of cell R1 and apex brownish black, with apical dark macula extending basad of apex of vein R2+3; microtrichose except for bare costal cell except apex, cell R, cell BM, basal 1/3 of cell DM, cell BCU, basal 1/3 of cell CU1, basal 1/2 of anal lobe, alula. + + +Abdomen +. Sterna yellowish white, pale pilose; syntergum 1+2 yellow except narrow black medial vitta, pale pilose except black pilose apicomedially; 3rd–5th terga yellow on lateral 1/4, black on medial 1/2, pale pilose laterally, black pilose medially; 6th tergum yellow, pale pilose laterally, black pilose medially; oviscape orange, pale pilose. + + +Length +: body, +15 mm +; wing, +11 mm +. + + +Holotype +female: + +DOMINICAN REPUBLIC + +. La Vega: Parque Nacional Armando Bermúdez, La Ciénaga—Los Tablones, +1,100–1,270 m +, 19° + +E +04.044° + +N 70° + +E +51.789° + +W, +17 July 2004 +, D. Perez (USNM ENT 00038283); deposited in +United States +National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington. +Paratype +female: +Dominican Republic +, La Vega, La Ciénaga de Manabao, +3,000 ft +., +3–5 July 1999 +, R. E. Woodruff (USNM ENT 00033202) deposited in Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville. + + + + +Etymology +: The epithet, + +vockerothi + +, is a noun in the genitive case and derived from the last name of the distinguished dipterist, John Richard Vockeroth (1928). + + +As +the only known species of its genus, + +vockerothi + +is not likely to be confused with other species. Obviously, the division of generic and specific characters is arbitrary and based merely on what are usually generic / species characters in other groups of +Richardiidae +. + + +The type­locality is near the trail to Los Tablones, just across the bridge for pedestrians at La Ciénaga. This is the most visited trail in Parque Nacional Armando Bermúdez as this is the most accessible route to Pico Duarte. At this site ( +1,100 m +), the humid mountain forest consists of large pines ( + +Pinus occidentalis + +) mixed with a dense lower layer of other trees and shrubs. The proximity of the Rio de los Guanos and its confluence with the Yaque del Sur make the area especially humid. Although large portions of the trail are heavily shaded, the fly was collected in a forest clearing on low shrubs. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF9BD064FE99FDBDFDF8F8C2.xml b/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF9BD064FE99FDBDFDF8F8C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0bb2e7a6140 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/87/162387BBFF9BD064FE99FDBDFDF8F8C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A new genus and species of Richardiidae (Diptera) from Hispaniola + + + +Author + +Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E. + + + +Author + +Thompson, F. Christian + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1259 + + +25 +31 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.173157 +f02bd0c2-5509-4600-93f7-7dec703de97c +1175­5326 +173157 + + + + + + + +Johnrichardia +Perez­Gelabert & Thompson + +, gen. nov. + + + + +Type­species: + +Johnrichardia vockerothi +Perez­Gelabert & Thompson + + + + + +Head +: Clypeus well developed; arista pubescent; frons normal, not produced; without orbital seta; with only medial vertical seta and proclinate ocellar seta; occiput narrow in lateral view on dorsal 1/2 (fig. 2). + + +Thorax +: Postpronotum with distinct, but short and weak seta; propleuron with short pile dorsad to procoxa; notopleuron with 2 long strong setae; scutum with 1 long strong supra­alar seta, 1 long strong postalar seta, 1 long strong dorsocentral seta slightly anterior to scutellum and aligned with postalar seta, 1–2 short weak scapular setae on anterior margin of scutum, with a row of distinct pili running long dorsocentral line; scutellum with 1 pair subapical seta; anepisternum with 1 strong and 1 weak posterodorsal setae, with some pile on ventral posterior portion; katepisternum with a few scattered pili dorsally, longer and denser pili anterior to mesocoxa; anepimeron with row of short pile on posterior 1/2; meron bare; katatergum with long pili dorsad to spiracle; metasternum pilose; postmetacoxal bridge complete, broad. Legs: long; all femora with apicoventral rows (anterior and posterior) of black setae (5–8 setae per row)[anterior row on mesofemur of +holotype +are projected anteriorly so as to be visible dorsally]; mesotibia with long strong posteroapical seta. Wing. Subcostal break distinct; costa without long setae except 1 on basicosta; veins bare; vein R1 slightly but distinctly expanded subapically; crossvein rm slightly beyond midpoint of cell dm; vein A1 short, only reaching half way to margin; alula normal. + + +Abdomen +: Petiolate; 1 long strong seta on lateral margin of syntergum 1+2 near midlength; 7th segment (oviscape) slightly longer than rest of abdomen. + + + + +Etymology +. The name, + +Johnrichardia + +, is an arbitrary combination of letters created to be similar to the first names of the distinguished dipterist, John Richard Vockeroth. The name is to be treated as feminine. + + + +Johnrichardia + +is readily distinguished from all other richardiids by the loss of orbital and lateral vertical setae. The large size ( +15 mm +) is also unusual as most richardiids are less than +10 mm +long. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/B0/1623B04F8A10F36AAC95AD65F087A9F1.xml b/data/16/23/B0/1623B04F8A10F36AAC95AD65F087A9F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f47fc7208e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/B0/1623B04F8A10F36AAC95AD65F087A9F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ + + + +Aquatic Insects from the Caatinga: checklists and diversity assessments of Ubajara (Ceara State) and Sete Cidades (Piaui State) National Parks, Northeastern Brazil + + + +Author + +Takiya, Daniela Maeda + + + +Author + +Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira + + + +Author + +Pinto, Angelo Parise + + + +Author + +Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Alcimar do Lago + + + +Author + +Sampaio, Brunno Henrique Lanzellotti + + + +Author + +Clarkson, Bruno + + + +Author + +Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo + + + +Author + +Avelino-Capistrano, Fernanda + + + +Author + +Goncalves, Ines Correa + + + +Author + +Cordeiro, Isabelle da Rocha Silva + + + +Author + +Camara, Josenir Teixeira + + + +Author + +Barbosa, Julianna Freires + + + +Author + +de Souza, W. Rafael Maciel + + + +Author + +Rafael, Jose Albertino + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8354 +8354 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8354 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8354 +1314-2828-4-8354 + + + + +Nectopsyche sp. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Takiya, D.M. +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: +Piaui +; municipality: Piracuruca; locality: +Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Alojamento +; maximumElevationInMeters: 193; verbatimCoordinates: +4°5'57"S +, +41°42'34"W +; Identification: identifiedBy: +Allan Paulo Moreira dos Santos +; Event: samplingProtocol: +White sheet light trap +; verbatimEventDate: +20.iv.12 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +DZRJ +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Takiya, D.M. +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: +Piaui +; municipality: Piracuruca; locality: +Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Alojamento +; maximumElevationInMeters: 193; verbatimCoordinates: +4°5'57"S +, +41°42'34"W +; Identification: identifiedBy: +Ana Lucia Henriques Oliveira +; Event: samplingProtocol: +White sheet light trap +; verbatimEventDate: +20.iv.12 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +DZRJ +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Notes +Undescribed species. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/23/E9/1623E94D1FE685D248C5E5F0B97FCBE9.xml b/data/16/23/E9/1623E94D1FE685D248C5E5F0B97FCBE9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..73f4b7f428a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/23/E9/1623E94D1FE685D248C5E5F0B97FCBE9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ + + + +A first checklist of the Pteridophytes of Togo (West Africa) + + + +Author + +Abotsi, Komla Elikplim + + + +Author + +Kokou, Kouami + + + +Author + +Dubuisson, Jean-Yves + + + +Author + +Rouhan, Germinal + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +24137 +24137 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24137 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24137 +1314-2828--24137 + + + + +Pteridium capense (Thunb.) Krasser + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordNumber: AB0081; recordedBy: +Abotsi, K.E. +; Taxon: scientificName: Pteridium capense (Thunb.) Krasser; namePublishedIn: Ann. Hofmus. Wien 15: 6 (1900); kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Pteridophyta; class: Polypodiopsida; order: Polypodiales; family: Dennstaedtiaceae; genus: Pteridium; specificEpithet: capense; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thunb.) Krasser; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; countryCode: TG; locality: +Kuma Konda +; verbatimElevation: +562 +; verbatimSRS: WGS84; decimalLatitude: +6.94931 +; decimalLongitude: +0.577096 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: +Abotsi, K.E. +; dateIdentified: 06-24-16; Event: eventDate: +06-24-16 +; habitat: Wooded savannah; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium Togoense; collectionID: Abotsi, K.E.; institutionCode: +TOGO +; basisOfRecord: Preserved specimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordNumber: AB0196; recordedBy: +Abotsi, K.E. +; Taxon: scientificName: Pteridium capense (Thunb.) Krasser; namePublishedIn: Ann. Hofmus. Wien 15: 6 (1900); kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Pteridophyta; class: Polypodiopsida; order: Polypodiales; family: Dennstaedtiaceae; genus: Pteridium; specificEpithet: capense; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thunb.) Krasser; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; countryCode: TG; locality: + +Wome + +; verbatimElevation: +355 +; verbatimSRS: WGS84; decimalLatitude: +6.858877 +; decimalLongitude: +0.556633 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: +Abotsi, K.E. +; dateIdentified: 08-03-16; Event: eventDate: +08-03-16 +; habitat: Wooded savannah; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium Togoense; collectionID: Abotsi, K.E.; institutionCode: +TOGO +; basisOfRecord: Preserved specimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordNumber: AB0377; recordedBy: +Abotsi, K.E. +; Taxon: scientificName: Pteridium capense (Thunb.) Krasser; namePublishedIn: Ann. Hofmus. Wien 15: 6 (1900); kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Pteridophyta; class: Polypodiopsida; order: Polypodiales; family: Dennstaedtiaceae; genus: Pteridium; specificEpithet: capense; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thunb.) Krasser; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; countryCode: TG; locality: +Lalamila +; verbatimElevation: +575 +; verbatimSRS: WGS84; decimalLatitude: +8.1645 +; decimalLongitude: +0.80856 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: +Abotsi, K.E. +; dateIdentified: 10-05-16; Event: eventDate: +10-05-16 +; habitat: Fallow; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium Togoense; collectionID: Abotsi, K.E.; institutionCode: +TOGO +; basisOfRecord: Preserved specimen + + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Native + + + +Distribution +Zone 4 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/29/16242979FFD9FFC111BEFE7C6EF5FF3B.xml b/data/16/24/29/16242979FFD9FFC111BEFE7C6EF5FF3B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01c61493d3b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/29/16242979FFD9FFC111BEFE7C6EF5FF3B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,593 @@ + + + +Redescription of a little known assassin bug Caunus noctulus Hsiao (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Stenopodainae), with special reference to its sexual dimorphism + + + +Author + +Cao, Liangming +Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China + + + +Author + +Zhao, Ping +College of Environment and Life Sciences, Kaili University, Kaili, Guizhou 556000, China + + + +Author + +Cai, Wanzhi +Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China +caiwz@cau.edu.cn + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-05-23 + + +2887 + + +1 + + +50 +56 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2887.1.2 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.2887.1.2 +1175-5326 +5285479 + + + + + + + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao 1977 + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1 +–28) + + + + + + + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao 1977: 74 + + +, 81; + +Hsiao & Ren 1981: 477 + +; + +Maldonado-Capriles 1990: 497 + +; + +Putshkov & Putshkov 1996: 209 + +; + + +Ishikawa +et al. +2005: 264 + + +. + + + + + + +Redescription. +Color. + +Body generally dark brown, dorsally somewhat pale; eyes, ocelli area (male), median clavus, spots on pentagonal cell and outer cell on membrane black; tibiae dull yellow with two fuscous annulations. + + + +Structure. +Male: + +Antennae clothed with long yellow erect setae on ventral surface and short black thick setae on dorsal surface ( +Figs. 2 +, 11, 12, 14); apex and lateral sides of head, legs, exposed portion of pygophore with black setae. Head oblong; a process at outside of antennifer prominent, its apex with thick setae; eyes large, nearly touch each other on ventral surface; ocelli area large, protuberant, ocelli themselves large, prominent laterally; first antennal segment slightly longer than head, second segment a little longer than first; first rostral segment shorter than second, reaching anterior margin of eye ( +Figs. 2 +, 4, 6, 8); anterior pronotal lobe shorter than posterior, with faint sculptures; posterior lobe anteriorly slightly concave medially between two small ridges, discal area flat, bilaterally concave and lateral angles triangular, sharp, surpassing anterior margin of corium; scutellum elongate triangular, apical spine long slender and obliquely erect (Fig. 18); hemelytron reaching or slightly surpassing abdominal tip; abdominal tip triangular concave centrally; anterior angles of prosternum small tuberculiformed; median ventral abdomen with a longitudinal ridge ( +Fig. 2 +). Paramere club-shaped, median portion nearly right-angled curved, apical half with setae, sub-apex with a dentate process (Figs. 22–24); genital capsule oblong, posterior margin slightly concave in middle (Figs. 19–20), subapical portion distinctly swollen (Fig. 21); basal plate long, nearly parallel, basal plate bridge thick (Fig. 25); pedicel long (Fig. 28); phallosoma elongate oblong, struts reaching submedian portion, parallel (Figs. 26–28). + + +Female: +Head columniform, eyes small, far away from each other on ventral surface; postocular obviously broad, ocelli area not very protuberant, ocelli small, flat ( +Figs. 1 +, 3, 5, 7); first antennal segment curved, shorter than anteocular portion, with few setae, second segment as long as anteocular (Figs. 9, 10, 13); anterior pronotal lobe as long as posterior, median with high and low small irregular tubers; lateral angles of pronotum not very sharp and prominent; apical spine of scutellum blunt and flat; anterior angles of prosternum long cone-shaped, ventrally with several small dents; abdomen oblong, extending bilaterally; hemelytron reaching anterior portion of seventh abdominal tergite ( +Fig. 1 +); female genitalia shown in Figs. 15–17. + + +Measurements. +[ +♂ +(n=9) / +♀ +(n=8)] Body length 14.5–15.5/16.6–17.2; maximum width of abdomen 3.6–3.8/ 4.1–4.8; length of head 2.2–2.5/2.4–2.7; length of anteocular portion 1.1/1.2–1.4; length of postocular portion 0.55–0.65/0.6–0.8; length synthlipsis 0.7–0.8/0.9–1.0; interocellar space 0.2–0.3/0.25–0.3; length of antennal segments I–IV= 2.7–3.0/1.0–1.2, 2.9–3.1/1.8–2.1, 0.4–0.5/0.4–0.45, 0.7–0.9/0.6–0.7; length of rostral segments I– III=1.05–1.0/1.1–1.2, 1.1–1.2/1.2–1.3, 0.55–0.6/0.6–0.7; length of anterior pronotal lobe 1.1–1.2/1.5–1.6, length of posterior lobe 1.4–1.5/1.5–1.6; width of thorax 2.8–3.2/2.9–3.0; length of scutellum 1.3–1.5/1.4–1.45; length of hemelytron 10.2–10.7/9.5–9.8. + + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +, +♂ +, “ +China +, +Yunnan +, +Jingdong +, + +1170 m + +, + +29.V.1956 + +, +Kryzhanovsky +leg, +by light trap +” [printed white label]; “IOZ(E)200842” [printed blue label]; “ + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao + +, type, +Hsiao +det. 1965” [handwritten red label]. + + + +Other materials examined. + +1♂ +, +China +, +Fujian +, +Xiaowuyishan +, + +30. +VI + + +.1979, +Yang Chi-kun +leg ( +CAU +); + +1♂ +, +China +, +Fujian +, +Fuzhou +, +Xihu +, + +30. +V + + +.1960, +Fang Shumin +leg ( +CAU +); + +1♂ +, +China +, +Hainan +, +Baisha +, +Hongxincun +, +FIGURES 3–14. + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao + +, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 13 + +, +♀ +; 4, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, + +♂ +. 3–8, +Head +, antennae removed; 9–12, first antennal segment; 13–14, second antennal segment. 3, 4, 10, 12, lateral view; 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, 14, dorsal view; 7, 8, ventral view. +Scale +bar = +0.83 mm + +. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao + +, ♀. Habitus. Scale bar = 2.50 mm + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao + +, ♂. Habitus. Scale bar = 2.50 mm + + + + + +10.X.2008 + +, +Zhang Wenjie +leg ( +CAU +); +1♂ +, +China +, +Guizhou +, +Rongjiang +, +Pingyang + +, + +3. +VI +.2005 + +, +Zhao Ping +leg ( +CAU +); +1♂ +, +China +, +Hainan +, +Danzhou +, +Zhiwuyuan +, + +8. +V +.2007 + +, +Zhang Wenjie +leg ( +CAU +); +1♂ +, +China +, +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Yexianggu +, + +27. +V +.2006 + +, +Wang Hesheng +leg ( +CAU +); +1♂ +, +China +, +Shangdong +, +Taishan +, + + +18.VII.1980 + +, +Li Qiang +leg ( +CAU +); +1♂ +, +China +, +Hunan +, +Hupingshan + +, + +6. +VI +.2008 + +, +Zhang Kuiyan +leg ( +CAU +, in ethanol); +1♂ +, +China +, +Hainan +, +Yinggeling +, + + +15.IX.2008 + +, +Chen Liusheng +leg ( +CAU +, in ethanol); +1♀ +, +China +, +Guizhou +, +Maolan +, +Libo + +, + +11. +VI +.2005 + +, +Zhao Ping +leg ( +CAU +); +1♀ +, +China +, +Yunnan +, +Mengla +( +CAU +); +1♀ +, +China +, +Guizhou +, +Maolan +, +Libo +, + +17. +V +.1999 + +, +Song Qiongzhang +leg ( +CAU +); +1♀ +, +China +, +Guizhou +, +Rongjiang +, +Pingyang +, + +3. +VI +.2005 + +, +Zhao Ping +leg ( +CAU +); +1♀ +, +China +, +Yunnan +, +Xishuangbanna +, +Yexianggu +, + +27. +V +.2006 + +, +Wang Hesheng +leg ( +CAU +); +1♀ +, +China +, +Zhejiang +, +Tianmushan +, + +20. +VI +.1984 + +, +Li +leg ( +CAU +); +1♀ +, +China +, +Hunan +, +Hupingshan +, + +6. +VI +.2008 + +, +Zhang Kuiyan +leg ( +CAU +, in ethanol); +1♀ +, +Guizhou +, +Maolan +, + +11. +VI +.2005 + +, ( +CAU +, in ethanol). + + +FIGURES 15–28. + +Caunus noctulus +Hsiao + +, 15–17, +♀ +; 18–28, +♂ +. 15–17, 19, apical part of abdomen; 18, scutellum; 20, 21, genital capsule; 22–24, paramere; 25, basal plate and basal plate bridge; 26–28, phallus. 15, 18, 25, 26, dorsal view; 16, 19, 20, 27, ventral view; 17, 21, 28, lateral view. Scale bar of 15–19 = +0.83 mm +; of 20, 21 = +0.50 mm +; of 22–24 = +0.36 mm +; of 25–28 = +0.25 mm +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Fujian +, +Guizhou +, +Hainan +, +Henan +, +Hunan +, +Shandong +, +Sichuan +, +Yunnan +, +Zhejiang +), +Japan + +(Honshû, Tsushima Is.). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE0FF35FAB1E373F975.xml b/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE0FF35FAB1E373F975.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f8dbb904966 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE0FF35FAB1E373F975.xml @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + +Review of Holophris Mocsáry (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong +Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; & Graduate school of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam + + + +Author + +Wiśniowski, Bogdan +0000-0001-7101-9233 +University of Rzeszoìw, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, 1 Cìwiklinìskiej Str., 35 - 601 Rzeszoìw, Poland; & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7101 - 9233 + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-04-19 + + +4963 + + +2 + + +393 +399 + + + +journal article +7101 +10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.10 +c5721071-19d2-46ef-bf67-48c56a572cae +1175-5326 +4700778 +0A1C4DCD-25B0-4A51-B423-F0AD6AE2AE7A + + + + + + + +Holophris marginella ( +Mocsáry, 1890 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Ellampus +( +Holophris +) +marginellus +Mocsáry, 1890: 51 + + +. +Holotype +♀ +: +Sumatra +(ETHZ?) + +Mocsáry1913: 287 + +; +Rosa & Greeff 2021: + +198. + + + +Ellampus marginellus +Mocsáry + +: +Dalla Torre 1892: 13 +. + + + +Holophris marginellus +(Mocsáry) + +: +Ashmead 1902: 229 +; +Bischoff 1913: 11 +; +du Buysson 1901: 99 +; +Kimsey & Bohart 1991: +225. + + + +Omalus +( +Holophris +) +marginellus +(Mocsáry) + +: Linsenmaier 1959: 20. + + + +Omalus marginellus +(Mocsáry) + +: +Baltazar 1966: 188 +. + + + +Holophris marginella +(Mocsáry) + +: + +Rosa +et al. +2016: 205 + +. + + + + +Material examined. +No specimens are available in this study. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +, +Hainan +), +Malaysia +, +Philippines +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +( +Kimsey & Bohart 1991 +, + +Rosa +et al +. (2016) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE0FF35FD54E3B6FB6C.xml b/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE0FF35FD54E3B6FB6C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c4b5aee8c82 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE0FF35FD54E3B6FB6C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ + + + +Review of Holophris Mocsáry (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong +Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; & Graduate school of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam + + + +Author + +Wiśniowski, Bogdan +0000-0001-7101-9233 +University of Rzeszoìw, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, 1 Cìwiklinìskiej Str., 35 - 601 Rzeszoìw, Poland; & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7101 - 9233 + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-04-19 + + +4963 + + +2 + + +393 +399 + + + +journal article +7101 +10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.10 +c5721071-19d2-46ef-bf67-48c56a572cae +1175-5326 +4700778 +0A1C4DCD-25B0-4A51-B423-F0AD6AE2AE7A + + + + + + +Genus + +Holophris +Mocsáry, 1890 + + + + + + + + + + +Holophris +Mocsáry, 1890: 51 + + +(as subgenus of + +Elampus +Spinola, 1806 + +). +Type +species: + +Ellampus +( +Holophris +) +marginellus +Mocsáry, 1890 + +, by monotypy. + + + + + +Holophris +Mocsáry + +: + +Ashmead 1902: 229 + +; + +Kimsey & Bohart 1991: 222 + +(part.); + +Strumia 1995: 53 + +; + +Rosa 2005: 8 + +; + +Madl & Rosa 2012: 103 + +(part.). + + + + +Omalus +( +Holophris +) Panzer, 1801 + +: Linsenmaier 1959: 14 (part.). + + + + +Diagnosis. +According to + +Rosa +et al +. (2016) + +, + +Holophris +Mocsáryis + +closely related to + +Omalus +Panzer, 1801 + +, + +Philoctetes + +, + +Pseudomalus +Ashmead, 1902 + +, and + +Leptopareia + +, but it can be differentiated from the latter four genera by the following characters: transpleural carina extending below propodeal angle; head, in frontal view, with distinct convex upper profile, in lateral view, with distinct subgenal area; double omaulus triangularly shaped. + + + + +Remarks. +The feminine gender of the genus name was indicated by + +Rosa +et al +. 2016 + +; previous authors supposed it was masculine. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE3FF35F88EE372FF55.xml b/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE3FF35F88EE372FF55.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80323521480 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/87/162487B77134FFE3FF35F88EE372FF55.xml @@ -0,0 +1,176 @@ + + + +Review of Holophris Mocsáry (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong +Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; & Graduate school of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam + + + +Author + +Wiśniowski, Bogdan +0000-0001-7101-9233 +University of Rzeszoìw, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, 1 Cìwiklinìskiej Str., 35 - 601 Rzeszoìw, Poland; & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7101 - 9233 + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-04-19 + + +4963 + + +2 + + +393 +399 + + + +journal article +7101 +10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.10 +c5721071-19d2-46ef-bf67-48c56a572cae +1175-5326 +4700778 +0A1C4DCD-25B0-4A51-B423-F0AD6AE2AE7A + + + + + + + +Holophris taiwana ( +Tsuneki, 1970 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–2 +) + + + + + + + +Omalus taiwanus +Tsuneki, 1970: 2 + + +. +Holotype +♂ +: +Taiwan +: +Nantou +(KUM). + + + + + +Holophris taiwanus +(Tsuneki) + +: + +Kimsey & Bohart 1991: 225 + +; + + +Rosa +et al +. 2014: 26 + + +. + + + + + +Holophris taiwana +(Tsuneki) + +: + + +Rosa +et al +. 2016: 207 + + +. + + + + + +Material examined. + +VIETNAM +: +1♂ +, +Son La +, +Malaise trap +, + +5.ix.2017 + +, leg. +Khuat Dang Long. + + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Taiwan +, Guangdong, Hainan), +India +, +Indonesia +, +Laos +, +Thailand +( + +Rosa +et al +. 2016 + +), +Vietnam +(new record). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/87/162487B77136FFE2FF35FF33E1C2F94E.xml b/data/16/24/87/162487B77136FFE2FF35FF33E1C2F94E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b56824e0fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/87/162487B77136FFE2FF35FF33E1C2F94E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + + +Review of Holophris Mocsáry (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong +Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; & Graduate school of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam + + + +Author + +Wiśniowski, Bogdan +0000-0001-7101-9233 +University of Rzeszoìw, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, 1 Cìwiklinìskiej Str., 35 - 601 Rzeszoìw, Poland; & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7101 - 9233 + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-04-19 + + +4963 + + +2 + + +393 +399 + + + +journal article +7101 +10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.10 +c5721071-19d2-46ef-bf67-48c56a572cae +1175-5326 +4700778 +0A1C4DCD-25B0-4A51-B423-F0AD6AE2AE7A + + + + + + +Holophris melinh Nguyen & Wiśniowski +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 5–10 +) + + + + +Material examined. + + +Holotype + +, +♀ +, pinned, +VIETNAM +, +Me Linh +, +Ngoc Thanh +, +Vinh Phuc +, +Malaise trap +, + +30.vi.2020 + +, leg. IED-c. ( +IEBR +) + +. + + +Paratype + +, +♀ +, +Me Linh +, +Ngoc Thanh +, +Vinh Phuc +, +Malaise trap +, + +20.vi.2020 + +, leg. IED-c. ( +IEBR +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Holophris melinh + + +sp. nov. + +is most similar to + +H. marginella + +in general habitus and coloration of head and mesosoma. It can be separated from the latter by presence of two rows of punctures on anterior margin of pronotum (versus one row in + +H. marginella + +), and metallic blue and violet reflection on metasomal terga (versus almost black in + +H. marginella + +). It is also similar to + +H. thailandica + +Rosa, Wei, Notton & Xu, +2016 + + +in general habitus, presence of two rows of punctures on anterior margin of pronotum, as well as wrinkled mesoscutellum but can be differentiated by gena almost without wrinkles (versus gena with wrinkles in + +H. thailandica + +), and by shape of forewing stigma which length (at dorsal margin) is less than twice of its maximum width (versus more than twice longer as its maximum width in + +H. thailandica + +), and metanotum almost black (versus metanotum golden to red in + +H. thailandica + +). + + + + +Description. +Female +( +Fig. 10 +). +Holotype +. Body length +2.7 mm +. Forewing length +1.8 mm +. +Paratype +. Body length +2.3 mm +. Forewing length +1.5 mm +. + + +Head. +In frontal view, dorsal profile extremely convex ( +Fig. 5 +). Head from scapal basin to occipital area with small, shallow and spaced punctures, with intervals transversally and deeply wrinkled forming continuous striae between punctures. Scapal basin deep and polished. In lateral view, longest distance between genal carina and ventral margin of eye 0.76 × MOD; genal carina bisecting MS, its end near lower margin of compound eye. Ocellar triangle isosceles, mid ocellus close to postocellar line. Postocellar line medially absent. OOL = 1.44 × MOD; POL = 2.23 × MOD; MS = 1.3–1.45 × MOD; relative length of P:F1:F2:F3 = 1:0.65:0.5:0.5. Gena smooth, almost without wrinkles. Occipital area and ocellar area smooth and impunctate, with sparse tiny punctures. + + +Mesosoma. +Pronotum impunctate, with sparse tiny punctures; with two rows of large and deep punctures on anterior margin, almost unite medially ( +Fig. 6 +), and large, dense punctures antero-laterally, propodeal corner with corrugated intervals ( +Fig. 8 +). Mesoscutum impunctate, with sparse tiny punctures ( +Figs 6, 7 +); notaular pits narrow and long (0.8 × MOD), notauli indistinct ( +Fig. 7 +); mesoscutum laterally with row of large and elongated punctures close to tegula margin. Mesoscutellum with four foveae on anterior margin, with two median foveae large (1.7 × MOD) and two lateral ones smaller (1.3 × MOD). Mesoscutellum longitudinally wrinkled, with large oval punctures in between wrinkled laterally, small puncture medially ( +Fig. 7 +). Metanotum distinctly elongated, with deep, round and large punctures and subequal intervals, with smooth intervals bearing some tiny punctures. Mesopleuron with large and round punctures, with narrow interspaces (0.2–0.5 × PD), with elongated sub-transverse striae from subalar fovea to posterior margin ( +Fig. 8 +). Tarsal claw with three teeth. + + +Metasoma. +T1–T3 almost impunctate, with very sparse and tiny punctures. T1 without semitransparent rim. T2 and T3 with wide brownish semitransparent rim (1.5–2.5 × MOD). Apex of T3 without median notch ( +Fig. 9 +). + + +Colouration. +Face metallic green to blue; ocellar area, gena and occipital area blue. Pronotum metallic blue to green, mesoscutum black medially and blue laterally (almost black in +paratype +), mesoscutellum metallic golden-red or bronze, metanotum almost black ( +Fig. 7 +), mesopleuron metallic green or bronze ( +Fig. 8 +). Antenna black, with scape metallic blue or green. Tegula brown, without metallic reflection. Legs metallic bluish green, with tarsi testaceous and without metallic reflection. Metasoma black, with metallic blue or violet, with brown semitransparent rim on posterior margins of T2 and T3 ( +Fig. 9 +). + + +Male. +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution. +Vietnam +(northern part). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the name of the Me Linh biodiversity station in +Vinh Phuc province +, where the species was collected; it is to be treated as a noun in apposition. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/87/162487B77136FFE4FF35F897E788FED5.xml b/data/16/24/87/162487B77136FFE4FF35F897E788FED5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2469eb48a5e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/87/162487B77136FFE4FF35F897E788FED5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Review of Holophris Mocsáry (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong +Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; & Graduate school of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam + + + +Author + +Wiśniowski, Bogdan +0000-0001-7101-9233 +University of Rzeszoìw, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, 1 Cìwiklinìskiej Str., 35 - 601 Rzeszoìw, Poland; & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7101 - 9233 + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-04-19 + + +4963 + + +2 + + +393 +399 + + + +journal article +7101 +10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.10 +c5721071-19d2-46ef-bf67-48c56a572cae +1175-5326 +4700778 +0A1C4DCD-25B0-4A51-B423-F0AD6AE2AE7A + + + + + + +Updated key to Oriental species of the genus + +Holophris + + + + + + + +(modified from the key in + +Rosa +et al +. 2016 + +) + + + + +1. Mesoscutellum smooth medially......................................................... + +H. taiwana +(Tsuneki) + +- Mesoscutellum longitudinally striated medially............................................................. 2 + + + +FIGURES 5–10. + +Holophris melinh + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype ♀. 5. Head in frontal view. 6. Vertex and pronotum in dorsal view. 7. Mesoscutum, scutellum and metanotum in dorsal view. 8. Head and mesosoma in lateral view. 9. T2 & T3 in dorsal view. 10. Habitus in lateral view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. + + + +2. Pronotum with single row of deep punctures on anterior margin............................. + +H. marginella +(Mocsáry) + + +- Pronotum with two rows of deep punctures on anterior margin................................................. 3 + +3. Stigma of forewing with length (measured at anterior margin) more than twice of its maximum width; body blue to greenishblue contrasting with red to golden on mesoscutellum and metanotum............ + +H. thailandica +Rosa, Wei, Notton & Xu + + + +- Stigma of forewing with length (measured at anterior margin) less than twice of its maximum width; body mainly green with bluish-green reflections on face, partly on mesoscutellum, mesopleuron, metapleuron, and legs, metanotum almost black..................................................................... + +H. melinh +Nguyen & Wiśniowski + + +sp. nov. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/87/162487B77137FFE3FF35FEEEE1B1FD97.xml b/data/16/24/87/162487B77137FFE3FF35FEEEE1B1FD97.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba219995892 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/87/162487B77137FFE3FF35FEEEE1B1FD97.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +Review of Holophris Mocsáry (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Vietnam, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong +Insect Ecology Department, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam; & Graduate school of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam + + + +Author + +Wiśniowski, Bogdan +0000-0001-7101-9233 +University of Rzeszoìw, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, 1 Cìwiklinìskiej Str., 35 - 601 Rzeszoìw, Poland; & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7101 - 9233 + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-04-19 + + +4963 + + +2 + + +393 +399 + + + +journal article +7101 +10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.10 +c5721071-19d2-46ef-bf67-48c56a572cae +1175-5326 +4700778 +0A1C4DCD-25B0-4A51-B423-F0AD6AE2AE7A + + + + + + + +Holophris thailandica +Rosa, Wei, Notton & Xu, 2016 + + + + + + + +( +Figs 3–4 +) + + + + + + +Holophris thailandica +Rosa, Wei, Notton & Xu, 2016: 205 + + +, 209. + + + + +Material examined. + +VIETNAM +: +1♂ +, +Son La +, +Malaise trap +, + +1.xii.2017 + +, leg. Khuat Dang Long. + + + + + +Distribution. +Thailand ( + +Rosa +et al +. 2016 + +), Vietnam (new record). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/B6/1624B62E37A52FA74B815F12615EDE24.xml b/data/16/24/B6/1624B62E37A52FA74B815F12615EDE24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dfec1d18d67 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/B6/1624B62E37A52FA74B815F12615EDE24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Diaparsis (Diaparsis) nutritor (Fabricius, 1804) + + + + +Ophion nutritor +Fabricius, 1804 + + +gemina +(Holmgren, 1860, +Thersilochus +) + + +genalis +(Thomson, 1889, +Thersilochus +) + + +rugosa +( +Szepligeti +, 1905, +Temelucha +) + + +nutritrix +Schulz, 1906 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/24/E6/1624E6120F4C52D5DCD8F288F4D906AD.xml b/data/16/24/E6/1624E6120F4C52D5DCD8F288F4D906AD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..64065c88a3b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/24/E6/1624E6120F4C52D5DCD8F288F4D906AD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +Le forme paleartiche del Camponotus maculatus F. + + + +Author + +Emery, C. + +text + + +Rendiconto delle Sessioni della R. Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna + + +1905 + +9 + + +27 +44 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/11711/11711.pdf + +journal article +11711 + + + + +1) +C. maculatus intonsus +n. subsp. + + + + +Operaja. Statura del +C. maculalus +tipico (lutigli, massima 12 1 / 2 mm.); la testa del soldato e meno larga (3.4 X 3.1 mm), le estremita piu corte (scapo al massimo 2.8, tibia post 3.5 miri.). Nelle operaie minime, i lati del capo convergono piu rettilinei, dagli occhi al margine occipitale, il quale e piu stretto che nel maculatus. La scultura e piu forte e il tegumento piu opaco in tutto il corpo. I lati del capo offrono piu distinti i punti sparsi, e questi portano brev setole ritte. Le tibie sono armate di aculei al margine flessorio. Colore interamente giallo pallido nelle operaie minime; in quelle piu grandi, il gastro e piu o meno bruno; nelle massime, il torace e ferrugineo, il capo piu scuro, 1 ' addome bruno o nero, senza macchie o pure con macchie indeterminate di un giallo bruno piu scuro che nel maculatus. - Colonia del Capo e Transwaal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/25/87/162587808408C655FF40FB494098F94D.xml b/data/16/25/87/162587808408C655FF40FB494098F94D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..578495a4700 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/25/87/162587808408C655FF40FB494098F94D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +A new species of the genus Xya Latreille, 1809 from Shandong, China (Orthoptra, Tridctyloidea, Tridactylidae) + + + +Author + +Zhang, Da-Peng + + + +Author + +Yin, Hai-Xiang + + + +Author + +Yin, Zhan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2018 + +2018-08-03 + + +4455 + + +3 + + +593 +596 + + + +journal article +29091 +10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.17 +b0069883-90d1-40cf-a5a3-576d2bd8eb74 +1175-5326 +1457417 +1A42B0DA-BE5A-4D0F-A9D2-4255092890A0 + + + + + + + +Xya shandongensis + +sp. nov. +( +Figs. 1–6 +, +10 +) + + + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +♂ +, +paratypes +4♂♂ +, +2♀♀ +, +China +, +Shandong +, +Junan county +, +35°12′ 29"N +, +118°51′23"E +, alt. + +106m + +, + +27. May + +, 2017, collected by +Da-Peng Zhang +, +Hai-Xiang Yin +and +Zhan Yin + +. + + + + +Male +Body with luster. Head black. Antennae black, 10-segmented, near moniliform, length 1.2 times maximum width. Three ocelli, median and lateral ocelli, placed median part of eyes. +Carinae +from eye to vertex mostly absent. Pronotum black, with larger yellow stripe on hind apical part of both sides. Fore wings dark. Hind wings dark, reaching the base of epiproct. Fore legs and mid legs dark, with obscure white markings. Femur of hind legs black, upper side with a yellowish-white spot at the base of 1/3 place. Tibia of hind leg dark with a small white marking near base, tibial serrae small, with three (inside) and four (outside) pairs of articulated lamellae. Cercus and stylus black. Epiproct near triangular. + + +Female +Body larger than male in size. Abdominal segments black, apical part of abdomn with longitudinal sulcus in ventral view. Epiproct rounded. Others as same as male. + + +Measurement +(mm): Length of body: +♂ +4.8–5.2, +♀ +6.0–6.7. Length of pronotum: +♂ +1.0–1.4, +♀ +1.5–1.9. Length of fore wing: +♂ +1.5–1.7, +♀ +1.7–2.1. Length of hind wing: +♂ +1.8–2.0, +♀ +2.4–2.8. Length of hind femur: +♂ +2.8–3.0, +♀ +3.7– 4.1. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is named for the +type +locality +Shandong +. + + +The new species is similar to + +Xya japonica +(Haan, 1842) + +. The major differences are listed in +Table 1 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/26/15/162615169E6A4CAE8F91868828D75898.xml b/data/16/26/15/162615169E6A4CAE8F91868828D75898.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80c105a6c13 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/26/15/162615169E6A4CAE8F91868828D75898.xml @@ -0,0 +1,300 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Rosaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/rosaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Rubus landoltii +H. E. Weber + + + + + +Art ISFS: 354950 Checklist: 1039620 +Rosaceae +Rubus +Rubus fruticosus +aggr. +Rubus landoltii H. E. Weber + + +Zusammenfassung +KEINE ANGABE + + + +Status Nationale +Prioritaet + +: -- + + +Internationale Verantwortung +: -- + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + +KEINE ANGABE + + +
+
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Rubus landoltii +H. E. Weber + + + + + +Volksname + + + +Deutscher Name: -- Nom +francais +: -- Nome italiano: -- + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Rubus landoltii H. E. Weber + + +Checklist 2017 + +354950
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Kommentare aus der +Checklist 2017 +Nomenklatur + + +, Taxonomie und Vorhandensein im Bearbeitungsgebiet +gemaess +Atlas Florae Europaea (Kurtto et al. 2007). Checklist + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein Status Rote Liste national + + + + + + +
KEINE ANGABE
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +Nationale +Prioritaet + +--
+Massnahmenbedarf +--
+ +Internationale Verantwortung + +--
+ +Ueberwachung +Bestaende + +--
+ +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/26/56/162656AD0204F1ECA4F315F1D8993F0C.xml b/data/16/26/56/162656AD0204F1ECA4F315F1D8993F0C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..23f2fbd1c26 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/26/56/162656AD0204F1ECA4F315F1D8993F0C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Oligosarcus perdido (Characiformes, Characidae), a new species of freshwater fish from Serra da Bodoquena, upper Rio Paraguai basin, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Alexandre C. Ribeiro + + + +Author + +Marcel R. Cavallaro + + + +Author + +Otávio Froehlich + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1560 + + +43 +53 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3779DDFF-75D8-49AF-96C8-18942ED78EE2 + +journal article +z01560p043 +3779DDFF-75D8-49AF-96C8-18942ED78EE2 + + + + +Oligosarcus solitarius +, + + + + + + +MZUSP +36644 + +, 2(c&s), +Brasil +, +Minas Gerais +, +Lago Carioca, Rio Doce basin +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/26/E4/1626E498AA595064B52C2B16C7156AE3.xml b/data/16/26/E4/1626E498AA595064B52C2B16C7156AE3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6851182ce82 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/26/E4/1626E498AA595064B52C2B16C7156AE3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ + + + +Revision of Saalmulleria Mabille, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Metarbelidae) from Madagascar with the description of three new genera and fifteen new species + + + +Author + +Lehmann, Ingo +Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, ztm, Museum der Natur, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany +lehmannshimoni@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Dalsgaard, Thure +Leibniz-Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, ztm, Museum der Natur, Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany +t.dalsgaard@leibniz-lib.de + +text + + +Evolutionary Systematics + + +2023 + +2023-05-03 + + +7 + + +1 + + +133 +182 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.7.85204 +2535-0730-1-133 +24DF15ADF8A04086AD8C60AD39C8A4AA +CF6673C9B1765D47B848F9C007505762 + + + + +Shimbania budaensis +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1b +, 8c + + + +Material examined. + + + +Holotype + +, male, +Kenya +, +South Coast +, [ +Kwale County +], +Buda Forest +[Reserve], 0 m [incorrect altitude that is + +27-93 m + +], +15 January - 01st February 1995 +, mercury vapor light, +Dr. Politzar +leg., genitalia slide number 05/082009 +I. Lehmann +(MWM). + + + + +Description. + +Head +: with dense, short hair-like scales of light brown and ivory-yellow between and around eyes; eyes olive with black spots; a pair of pits are present on lower fronto-clypeus; pits behind labial palpi are tiny slits; antenna 0.36 length of forewing, bipectinate, with branches of 4 +x +width of shaft, branches not scaled and shaft densely scaled, cream dorsally; labial palpi brown. + + +Thorax +: Patagia grey-vinaceous, forming a collar ring; tegulae with long hair-like dark chestnut scales with a slightly vinaceous glint. Metathorax with small crest of ivory-yellow scales, crest brown at center. Hind legs olive-grey with fine hair-like scales, on lower part of tarsus olive (instead of brown) dorsally; two pairs of long tibial spurs of unequal width and length, upper pair narrow +ca. +2.0 mm and 1.5 mm, lower pair of spurs broader +ca. +1.5 mm and 1.0 mm long. Forewing length 23.5 mm and wingspan 52.0 mm. Forewing upperside light grey-olive with a light golden glint, but upper inner half is dark olive; below half of 1A+2A a large dark chestnut patch; forewing with many narrow brown-olive lines from near costal margin to dorsum, only few are interrupted by narrowly brown veins; a large, but weak olive sub-terminal patch is +"V" +-shaped from R3 to near half of CuA1; termen without striae or lunules; CuA2 brown, with a brown streak extending into discal cell; remaining veins are not distinctly coloured with few exceptions; cilia short, 1.1 mm, with cream base and grey tips. Underside of forewing olive-buff with a golden glint and some dark olive-buff patches and short lines. Hindwing upperside ivory-yellow with a light golden glint, without brown veins and hence, all veins are not distinctly coloured, some pale olive-buff patches occur; cilia as in forewing; underside as in forewing. + + +Abdomen +: Mainly cream-olive mixed with ivory-yellow, glossy; abdominal tuft cream-olive and pale olive-buff, short, 1/5 length of abdomen. Genitalia with long uncus, 60% of length of whole gnathos, with a narrow graben-like surface ventrally. Gnathos has gnathos arms that are large, one arm 60% the size of valva; upper part of the gnathos arm is a long band, as long as 65% of basal width of valva, the lower part of the gnathal arm is large, and it does not touch the other arm but is well separated from it (ventral view), of broadly slightly rectangular (instead of triangular) shape with a pronounced thorn-like structure and with its base 70% of the basal width of valva, without smaller thorns along its slightly wavy dorsal edge; the gnathal arms are connected ventrally by a narrow sclerotized band that is as broad as 30% of the transtilla and is narrowly bifurcated at the middle. The Gnathos ends well above the dorsal edge of the transtilla. The valva is elongated rectangular with a dorsal edge of 2.2 +x +the length of uncus, tip broadly rounded; ventral edge is bent suddenly inwards and has a well pronounced sacculus that is broad on its first half, as broad as 25% of width of valva, sclerotized, long, 90% of length of ventral edge of valva; saccus absent; juxta well developed, with two broadly ear-shaped lobes and a broadly V-shaped emargination in between, it is 60% the length of juxta, tips of lobes pointed. Phallus very large, as broad as 40% of basal width of valva and 25% longer than costal width of valva, only slightly S-shaped and bent upwards at tip distally, vesica without cornuti. The basal width of the vinculum is among the broadest in + +Shimbania + +. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Shimbania budaensis + +sp. nov. can be separated from all other congeners by the very broad ventral base of the vinculum that has 45% of the basal width of its elongated valva and hence, is at present among the two broadest ventral bases of a vinculum among + +Shimbania + +. Only + +S. wanjakinuthiaae + +sp. nov. has a broader ventral base of vinculum, but can easily be separated from the former species by its very broad and short rectangular valva with a costal margin that has only 1.4 +x +the length of the uncus and with a ventral margin that is not suddenly bent inwards. Additionally, the sacculus is broadest, longest and well sclerotized in + +S. budaensis + +sp. nov. if compared to all other species presented herein. + + + +Distribution. + + +Shimbania budaensis + +sp. nov. is classified as a lowland coastal forest species that is at present endemic to the "Usambara-Kwale local centre of endemism" +sensu +Burgess (2000) +. The species is only known from Buda Forest Reserve (6.7 km2 in size) located +ca. +6 km inland from the Indian Ocean, +ca. +3 km southwest from Gogoni Forest Reserve, where a species of + +Shimbania + +was never recorded (Lehmann unpubl. data collected in 2001-2007), and +ca. +16 km southwest from Kaya Muhaka ( +Lehmann and Kioko 1998 +, +2005 +). Noteworthy, Buda Forest has among 30 studied Kenyan coastal forests very high species diversities and is in this aspect among the seven top sites ( +Fungomeli et al. 2020 +). + + + +Etymology. + + +Shimbania budaensis + +is named for the Buda Forest Reserve (Kenya) and to remember my (I.L.) first observations on larger moths in various coastal forests, such as Buda Forest, undertaken by bicycle in 1989. + +The gender of the new species name is feminine. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/10/16271068E39EB33854FD6EC52F1CB67E.xml b/data/16/27/10/16271068E39EB33854FD6EC52F1CB67E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..34ee57a1879 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/10/16271068E39EB33854FD6EC52F1CB67E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Vipio Latreille, 1804 + + + +Notes + +species excluded from the British and Irish list by +Shaw and Quicke (1999) +: + + +[terrefactor (Villers, 1789, +Ichneumon +); syn. improvisus Kokujev, 1898; interpellator Kokujev, 1898; neesii Kokujev, 1898] The only record was due to a misidentification of +Pseudovipio guttiventris +( +Shaw and Quicke 1999 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/27/16272724AB59FFBE00DCFEA7FF04F971.xml b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB59FFBE00DCFEA7FF04F971.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9853e6abfbf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB59FFBE00DCFEA7FF04F971.xml @@ -0,0 +1,565 @@ + + + +A study on the genus Anaches Pascoe, 1865 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae Pteropliini), with a new species and two new synonyms + + + +Author + +Lin, Mei-Ying +0000-0001-9219-724X +Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, 166 Mianxing West Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China. linmeiying 2021 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9219 - 724 X Am Schlossgarten 6, 07381 Wernburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Weigel, Andreas + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-03 + + +5133 + + +1 + + +123 +132 + + + +journal article +55705 +10.11646/zootaxa.5133.1.6 +86fc9f62-5202-491a-b946-075d6ba80bfa +1175-5326 +6521516 +3DC1D7F4-48F3-40E1-B2E0-E985E2E92E46 + + + + + + + +Anaches medioalbus +( +Breuning, 1956 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 18–21 +) + + + + + + + +Paramesosella medioalba +Breuning, 1956: 234 + + +. + + + + +Sthenias semicylindricus +Hayashi, 1974: 45 + +. +syn. nov. + + + + +Paramesosella medioalba + +; + +Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 316 + +; + +Lin & Yang, 2019: 369 + +; + +Danilevsky, 2020: 453 + +. + + + + + + +Anaches semicylindricus +: +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013: 152 + + +; + +Lin & Yang, 2019: 362 + +; + +Danilevsky, 2020: 449 + +; + +Lin & Lazarev, 2021: 74 + +. + + + + + + +Sthenias +(s. str.) +murzini +Lazarev, 2020: 57 + + +, figs. 1-3. +syn. nov. + + + + + + +Anaches medioalbus +: +Lin & Lazarev, 2021: 73 + + +. + + + + + + +Anaches murzini +: +Lin & Lazarev, 2021: 74 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks. +According to the +type +pictures of + +Sthenias semicylindricus +Hayashi, 1974 + +( +Figs. 20-21 +), it is similar to + +A. medioalbus +( +Breuning, 1956 +) + +( +Figs. 18-19 +), by the body shape, elytral apex shape, antennal segments, main pubescence maculae on elytra, with differences on irregular grayish white spots over pronotum and elytra. However, the pair of +type +specimens were obviously rubbed, which was the reason of lacking the white spots. Compared with a fresh specimen from +Taiwan +( +Fig. 7 +by +Holzschuh & Lin 2013 +) and specimens from +Fujian +( +Fig. 19 +), we cannot find differences between the two taxa, so we propose the synonymy. This is agreed by Carolus Holzschuh (personal communication). However, Wen-Xuan Bi proposes a more complicated opinion, that all the records of + +A. dorsalis + +from Mainland +China +were misidentifications, and all of them, including the + +Anaches medioalbus + +from +Fujian +, should be + +Anaches albonotatus +Pic, 1932 + +. We agreed with Wen-Xuan Bi that the specimens in IZCAS we examined are not the true + +A. dorsalis + +and we re-identify them as + +A. medioalbus +( +Breuning, 1956 +) + +in this paper. To clarity the true identity of + +A. albonotatus + +described from northern +Vietnam +( +Tonkin +) it needs more study. + + +Holzschuh (2021) +synonymized + +Sthenias murzini +Lazarev, 2020 + +with + +Sthenias dorsalis +Pascoe, 1858 + +, which is the +type +species of the genus + +Anaches +Pascoe, 1865 + +. However, +Anachus + +murzini +( +Lazarev, 2020 +) + +is not a synonym of + +A. dorsalis +(Pascoe, 1858) + +, because it is much closer to + +A. medioalbus +( +Breuning, 1956 +) + +than to + +A. dorsalis +(Pascoe, 1858) + +, which has been misunderstood for a long time. The true + +A. dorsalis +(Pascoe, 1858) + +is endemic to +India +and nearby. We understood that the “ + +A. dorsalis + +” in +Holzschuh (2021) +is infact + +A. medioalbus + +in this paper, and we agreed with him on the variations of elytral maculae and the shape of elytral apex both are infrasubspecific features, therefore we synonymized + +A. murzini +( +Lazarev, 2020 +) + +with + +A. medioalbus +( +Breuning, 1956 +) + +herein. + + + + +Type specimens examined. + +Holotype +of + +Paramesosella medioalba +Breuning, 1956 + +( +Figs. 18a, 18b +), +♀ +, Kwangtseh-Fukien, + +1937-VIII-19 + +( +ZFMK +) + +; +Holotype +and +paratype +of + +Sthenias semicylindricus +Hayashi, 1974 + +, +holotype +( +Fig. 21 +), + +♂ +, +Taiwan +, +Mizuho +, + +1972-VII-6 + +, leg. +Mizunuma +( +OSAKA +, +M. Hayashi Coll. +OMNH +[98-32]); +paratype + +, + +1 ♀ +( +Fig. 20 +), +Taiwan +, +Mizuho +, + +1972-VII-5 + +, leg. +Mizunuma +( +OSAKA +, +M. Hayashi Coll. +OMNH +[98- 32]) + +. + + +Other specimens examined. + + +Zhejiang +: + +1 ♂ +, +Tianmushan +, + +350 m + +, + +1999-VI-5 + +, leg. +Ming-Yuan Gao +( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 1896988) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Hangzhou +, +Lin’an +, +Qingliangfeng Ziranbaohuqu +( +Nat. Rev. +), +Shunxiwu +, + +450m + +, +118°56'19.51" E +, +30°02'38.47" N +, + +2012-VI-24 + +, leg. +Hao Xu +& +Jian-Yue Qiu +by malaise trap ( +MYNU +) + +. + + +Fujian +: + +1 ♀ +, +Huangkeng +, + +1965-VII + +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Jianxi +, + +1981-IV-21 + +( +IZCAS +) + +. + + +Guangxi +: + +1 ♀ +, +Jinxiu +, +Fenzhan +, alt. + +800 m + +, + +1999-V-13 + +, leg. +Hui Xiao +( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 1896989) + +. + + +Guizhou +: + +1 ♀ +, +Guiyang +, +Huaxi +, + + +2011- +VI + + +( +IZCAS +) + +. + + + + +Distribution +China +: +Shaanxi +, +Zhejiang +, +Fujian +, +Taiwan +, +Hong Kong +, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5BFFBE00DCFE7FFB64FF77.xml b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5BFFBE00DCFE7FFB64FF77.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a93bd450d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5BFFBE00DCFE7FFB64FF77.xml @@ -0,0 +1,584 @@ + + + +A study on the genus Anaches Pascoe, 1865 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae Pteropliini), with a new species and two new synonyms + + + +Author + +Lin, Mei-Ying +0000-0001-9219-724X +Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, 166 Mianxing West Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China. linmeiying 2021 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9219 - 724 X Am Schlossgarten 6, 07381 Wernburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Weigel, Andreas + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-03 + + +5133 + + +1 + + +123 +132 + + + +journal article +55705 +10.11646/zootaxa.5133.1.6 +86fc9f62-5202-491a-b946-075d6ba80bfa +1175-5326 +6521516 +3DC1D7F4-48F3-40E1-B2E0-E985E2E92E46 + + + + + + + +Anaches albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 6–8 +, +11 +, +16–17 +) + + + + + + + +Pterolophia albanina +Gressitt, 1942b: 85 + + +, pl. I, fig. 5. + + + + + + +Pterolophia albanina +: +Gressitt, 1951: 464 + + +; + +Hua, 2002: 227 + +. + + + + + + +Pterolophia +( +Hylobrotus +) +albanina +: +Breuning, 1961: 252 + + +; + +Löbl & Smetana, 2010: 318 + +; +Lin, 2015 +, 260, 2 figs.; + +Lin, 2017: 382 + +, pl. 33, fig. 8; + +Lin & Yang, 2019: 372 + +; + +Danilevsky, 2020: 455 + +. + + + + + + +Anaches albaninus +: +Lin & Lazarev, 2021: 72 + + +. + + + + + +Male terminalia +( +Figs. 16–17 +). Tegmen length about 2.5 mm; lateral lobes rather straightly tapered from middle to narrowly rounded apices, each about 0.5 mm long and 0.2 mm wide; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved, subequal to tegmen in length; median struts shorter than half of whole median lobe in length; apex of ventral plate pointed ( +Fig. 17a +); median foramen elongate; internal sac with 2 hook-shaped sclerites ( +Figs. 17b, 17c +). Tergite VIII ( +Figs. 16a & 16c +) semicircled, apex widely rounded, provided with medium long setae along apical and lateral sides. + + + + +FIGURES 9–11. + +Anaches +spp. + +, ♂♂, ventral view, showing the sexual patch on sternite IV. 9. +A. m-signatus +sp. nov. +; 10. + +A. yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +; 11. + +A. albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + +. a. Abdomen, dry specimens before dissection; b. Ventral view of the sternites III & IV, after dissection. Not to scale. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +A. albaninus + +differs from the new species +A. m-signatus +sp. nov. +by following features: different withish elytral band (much narrower, the anterior border not so oblique, and posterior border not “m”shaped), elytral punctuation weaker, and pro-femora in males slender. + + + + +Type specimens examined. + +Holotype +, +♀ +, +Zhejiang +, T’ienmushan, + +1937-V-21 + +, leg. +O. Piel +( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 217646). + + + +Other specimens examined. + + +Shaanxi +: + +1 ♂ +, +Foping +, +Longcaoping +, alt. + +1256m + +, + +2008-VII-3 + +, leg. +Ming Bai +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Zhouzhi +, +Houzhenzi +, alt. + +1280m + +, + +2008-V-5-6 + +, leg. +Hao Huang +( +IZCAS +) + +. + + +Anhui +: + +1 ♀ +, +Huangshan +, + +1936-VI-24 + +( +IZCAS +) + +; + + +Zhejiang +: + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, T’ienmushan, + +1936-VI-25 + +, leg. +O. Piel +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Tianmushan +, + +1937- VII-19 + +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Hangzhou +, +Lin’an +, +Qingliangfeng Ziranbaohuqu +( +Nat. Rev. +), +Shunxiwu +, + +450m + +, +118°56'19.51" E +, +30°02'38.47" N +, + +2012-VI-24 + +, leg. +Hao Xu +& +Jian-Yue Qiu +by malaise trap ( +MYNU +) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Hangzhou +, +Lin’an +, +Xitianmushan +, + +2021-VII-13–15 + +, leg. +Tao Li +( +CSJ +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Anji +, +Longwangshan +, alt. + +490m + +, + +1996-VI-12 + +, leg. +Xing-Ke Yang +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Lishui +, +Yujikengbaohuzhan +, alt. + +1371m + +, +27°41′41.77″N +, +119°35′26.50″E +, + +2017-VII-10 + +, leg. +Yan-Dong Chen +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +Zhejiang Province +, +Gutianshan National Nature Reserve +( +CAW +) + +: +1 ♂ +: CSP18, +2010, 569m +, +118,12°E +/ +29,25°N +, SE2; +1 ♂ +: CSP27, +2010, 665m +, +118,14°E +/ +29,25°N +, NE2. + + +Jiangxi +: + +1 ♂ +, +Ku-ling +, + +1935-VII-25 + +, leg. +O. Piel +( +IZCAS +) + +. + + +Fujian +: + +1 ♂ +, +Chong’an +, +Guadun +, + +1973-VI-11 + +, leg. Pei-Yu +Yu +( +IZCAS +) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +Jianyang +, +Aotou +, + +1973-V-27-28 + +, leg. Pei-Yu +Yu +( +IZCAS +) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +: +Henan +, +Shaanxi +, +Gansu +, +Jiangsu +, +Anhui +, +Zhejiang +, +Hubei +, +Jiangxi +, +Hunan +, +Fujian +, +Guangxi +, +Sichuan +. + + + + +FIGURES 12–17. + +Anaches +spp. + +, ♂♂. 12–13. +A. m-signatus +sp. nov. +; 14-15. + +A. yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +; 16–17. + +A. albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + +; 12, 14, 16. Tergite VIII with sternites VIII & IX; 13, 15, 17. median lobe & tegmen. a. ventral view. b. lateral view; c. dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.05 mm or 1 mm, some not to scale. + + + + +Remarks. +The record from +Inner Mongolia +by +Xu & Neng (2010) +is a misidentification, we do not include it. The records from +Heilongjiang +, +Hebei +by +Hua (2002) +, repeated by other authors ( +Löbl & Smetana 2010 +, +Lin 2015 +, +Lin 2017 +, +Lin & Yang 2019 +, +Lin & Lazarev 2021 +) are doubtful, so we do not include them. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5DFFBC00DCFA27FDE2FECF.xml b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5DFFBC00DCFA27FDE2FECF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f83b50185c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5DFFBC00DCFA27FDE2FECF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,211 @@ + + + +A study on the genus Anaches Pascoe, 1865 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae Pteropliini), with a new species and two new synonyms + + + +Author + +Lin, Mei-Ying +0000-0001-9219-724X +Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, 166 Mianxing West Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China. linmeiying 2021 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9219 - 724 X Am Schlossgarten 6, 07381 Wernburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Weigel, Andreas + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-03 + + +5133 + + +1 + + +123 +132 + + + +journal article +55705 +10.11646/zootaxa.5133.1.6 +86fc9f62-5202-491a-b946-075d6ba80bfa +1175-5326 +6521516 +3DC1D7F4-48F3-40E1-B2E0-E985E2E92E46 + + + + + + + +Anaches yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 4–5 +, +10 +, +14–15 +) + + + + + + + +Anaches yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013: 154 + + +, fig. 10. + + + + + +Anaches yitingi +: +Lin, 2015 + +, 256, 2 figs.; + +Lin & Yang, 2019: 362 + +; + +Danilevsky, 2020: 449 + +; + +Lin & Lazarev, 2021: 74 + +. + + + + + +Male terminalia +( +Figs. 14–15 +). Tegmen length about 2.0 mm; lateral lobes rather straightly tapered from middle to narrowly rounded apices, each about 0.4 mm long and 0.2 mm wide; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved, slightly longer than tegmen in length; median struts shorter than half of whole median lobe in length; apex of ventral plate strongly projected ( +Fig. 15a +); median foramen elongate; internal sac with 2 hook-shaped sclerites ( +Figs. 15b, 15c +). Tergite VIII ( +Figs. 14a & 14c +) trapezoidal, apex slightly emarginated with round angles, provided with medium long setae along apical and lateral sides. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This species is mostly similar to + +A. albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + +, but can be easily distinguished from it by the following features: the whitish band more oblique; the anterior margins of the whitish bands “U”-shaped, instead of slightly oblique line; the sexual patches on sternite IV closer to each other ( +Figs. 10a, 10b +), instead of well separated ( +Figs. 11a, 11b +); the apex of tergite VIII emarginated ( +Figs. 14a, 14c +), instead of rounded ( +Figs. 16a, 16c +); the apex of ventral plate of median lobe projected ( +Fig. 15a +), instead of pointed ( +Fig. 17a +). + + + + +FIGURES 4–8. + +Anaches yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +and + +A. albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + +; 4-5. + +A. yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +, paratypes, from Taiwan. 4. Female; 5. Male. 6-8. + +A. albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + +. 6. ♂, from Fujian, Wuyishan; 7. ♀, from Zhejiang, Lishui; 8. ♂, from Fujian, Wuyishan; a. dorsal view; b. lateral view; c. ventral view. Scale bar = 4 mm. + + + + +Type specimens examined. + +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, +paratypes +, +Taiwan +, +Pingtung County +, +Mt. Dahan +, + +2007-V-26 + +, leg. +Wenhsin Lin +( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 1905283–84) + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +: +Taiwan +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5FFFB800DCFE5AFC06FBDA.xml b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5FFFB800DCFE5AFC06FBDA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cafa76da339 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5FFFB800DCFE5AFC06FBDA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + + +A study on the genus Anaches Pascoe, 1865 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae Pteropliini), with a new species and two new synonyms + + + +Author + +Lin, Mei-Ying +0000-0001-9219-724X +Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, 166 Mianxing West Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China. linmeiying 2021 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9219 - 724 X Am Schlossgarten 6, 07381 Wernburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Weigel, Andreas + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-03 + + +5133 + + +1 + + +123 +132 + + + +journal article +55705 +10.11646/zootaxa.5133.1.6 +86fc9f62-5202-491a-b946-075d6ba80bfa +1175-5326 +6521516 +3DC1D7F4-48F3-40E1-B2E0-E985E2E92E46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Anaches +Pascoe, 1865 + + + + + + + + + + +Anaches +Pascoe, 1865: 160 + + +. +Type +species: + +Sthenias dorsalis +Pascoe, 1858 + +, by original designation. + + + + + +Remarks. +The genus can be divided into two species group by the elytral bands. The “wide banded” species group recently includes four valid species, + +A. dorsalis +(Pascoe, 1858) + +, + +A. medioalbus +( +Breuning, 1956 +) + +, + +A. murzini +( +Lazarev, 2020 +) + +, and + +A. wenhsini +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +. They share the common characters: 1) the whitish pubescent part on elytra nearly or even more than half of elytra length in lateral view; 2) the greyish parts within the pubescent band form two bands, separated by a white pubescent polyline. In this paper, we do not try to solve this “ + +dorsalis + +” species group except the new synonyms. + +Anaches cylindricus +(Gressitt, 1939) + +neither belong to this species group, nor belong to the following species group which includes the new species. This species resembles to species of the subgenus + +Albosthenias +Breuning, 1961 + +of the genus + +Sthenias +Dejean, 1835 + +. It won’t be discussed in this paper either. + + +The new species belongs to the “narrow banded” species group, which includes three species, + +A. albaninus +(Gressitt, 1942) + +, +A. m-signatus +sp. nov. +, and + +A. yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +. They share the common characters: 1) the whitish pubescent part on elytra much less than half of elytra length in lateral view, only nearly one third or even less than one third; 2) the greyish parts within the pubescent band form only one transverse band. In this paper, we describe one new species, and make additional descriptions of the male genitalia of the other three species. + + + + +Distribution +China +, +Vietnam +, +Laos +, +Thailand +, +India +, +Nepal +, +Bangladesh +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5FFFBA00DCFB48FAF5FAF7.xml b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5FFFBA00DCFB48FAF5FAF7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1d04dfc370c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/27/16272724AB5FFFBA00DCFB48FAF5FAF7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,412 @@ + + + +A study on the genus Anaches Pascoe, 1865 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae Pteropliini), with a new species and two new synonyms + + + +Author + +Lin, Mei-Ying +0000-0001-9219-724X +Engineering Research Center for Forest and Grassland Disaster Prevention and Reduction, Mianyang Normal University, 166 Mianxing West Road, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China. linmeiying 2021 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9219 - 724 X Am Schlossgarten 6, 07381 Wernburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Weigel, Andreas + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-03 + + +5133 + + +1 + + +123 +132 + + + +journal article +55705 +10.11646/zootaxa.5133.1.6 +86fc9f62-5202-491a-b946-075d6ba80bfa +1175-5326 +6521516 +3DC1D7F4-48F3-40E1-B2E0-E985E2E92E46 + + + + + + + +Anaches +m-signatus + +Lin & Weigel +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs. 1–3 +, +9 +, +12–13 +) + + +Description. +Male ( +Figs. 1–2 +). Length 9.9–12.0 mm, width 3.0–3.6 mm. Body more than 3 times as long as wide; integument black brown to black; surface of head, pronotum, elytra, femora and ventral surface densely covered with short recumbent pubescence, mostly brown or greyish white. Scape with fine recumbent short brown or white pubescence, all antennomeres provided with long brown setae sparsely at ventral side, and sparser toward apical segments. Antennomeres III to XI provided with a whitish basal ring. Occiput, pronotum, basal third and apical fourth of elytra mostly brownish, with some blackish and whitish spots. Elytra with a distinct whitish transverse band near middle, narrowed towards elytral suture, with grayish parts in middle. The anterior margins of the whitish bands on two elytra together form “V”-shaped ( +Figs. 1a, 2a, 3a +). The posterior margin of the whitish band on each elytron forms “m”-shaped ( +Fig. 3a +). Legs with femora and tibiae mostly clothed with grayish pubescence with many black spots; dorsum of tarsal segments densely clothed with fine recumbent black brown or whitish pubescence. Ventral surface of thorax similar to pronotum, metasternum with more grayish pubescence, similar to ventral side of femora. Abdominal sternites ( +Fig. 1c +) mostly clothed with grayish to brownish pubescence except the apical margin of sternite III and the sexual setal patches on sternite IV covered with golden brown long sexual setae ( +Figs. 1c +, +9a, 9b +). + + +Head slightly narrower than pronotum. Labrum trapezoidal with rounded angles, covered with golden yellow setae at margin, maxillary palpi brown, apical palpomere conical. Inferior eye lobe slightly longer than gena below it. Antenna with last three segments surpassing elytral apex; relative lengths of segments from base to apex: 15: 4: 20: 19: 18: 18: 18: 17: 17: 16: 16. Pronotum wider than long, 1.2 times as width as long; disc with clear basal and distal transverse grooves ( +Figs. 1a, 2a +) and a middle longitudinal groove ( +Fig. 2b +). Prosternal process moderately constricted between procoxae, then steeply declined toward dilated apex. Procoxal cavities completely closed. Elytra ca. 2.2 times as long as wide, parallel sided before apical tenth, then roundly narrowed to truncated apices; inner angles and outer angles are obtuse. Apical margin of sternite VII curved. Apex of hind femur reaching middle of abdominal sternite V. + + + +FIGURES 1–3. + +Anaches +m-signatus + +sp. nov. +; 1. Holotype, ♂, from Guangxi; 2. Paratype, ♂, from Hunan; 3, Paratype, ♀, from Hunan; a. dorsal view; b. lateral view; c. ventral view. Scale bar = 4 mm. + + + +Female +( +Figs. 3a–3c +). Length 10.2–11.8 mm, width 3.1–3.6 mm. Female is identical to male, with antenna slightly shorter, with last two segments surpassing elytral apex and abdominal sternites quite different. Unlike the male, female abdominal sternites ( +Fig. 3c +) covered with grayish pubescence intermixed by many black spots, without any golden brown long sexual setae. + + +Male terminalia +( +Figs. 12–13 +). Tegmen length about 2.0 mm; lateral lobes rather straightly tapered from middle to narrowly rounded apices, each about 0.4 mm long and 0.2 mm wide; median lobe plus median struts slightly curved, subequal to tegmen in length; median struts shorter than half of whole median lobe in length; apex of ventral plate weakly projected ( +Fig. 13a +); median foramen elongate; internal sac with two hook-shaped sclerites ( +Figs. 13b, 13c +). Tergite VIII ( +Figs. 12a & 12c +) trapezoidal, apex truncated with round angles, provided with medium long setae along apical and lateral sides. + + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species belongs to the “narrow banded” species group. It is mostly similar to + +A +. +yitingi +Holzschuh & Lin, 2013 + +, but can be easily distinguished from it by the following features: the whitish band wider; the anterior margins of the whitish bands “V”-shaped, instead of “U”-shaped; the posterior margin of the whitish band forms “m”-shaped, instead of an oblique line; the apex of tergite VIII truncated, not slightly emarginated; the apex of ventral plate of median lobe not as shaped as that of + +A +. +yitingi + +. + + + + +Etymology. +This species is named after the m-shaped macula margin ( +Fig. 3a +, in the red rectangle) on each elytron. + + + + + +Distribution. +China +: + +Zhejiang Province +, +Hunan Province +, +Guangxi Province +. + + + + +Type specimens examined. + + +Holotype + +, +1 ♂ +, +Guangxi Province +, +Longsheng County +, +Maoershan +( +广OiAEüDz 儿山 +), + +2011-VI-3 + +, leg. +Xin-Lei Huang +( +ëadz +) ( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 2224561). + + +9 Paratypes +: +1 ♂ +, +Guangxi Province +, +Jinxiu County +, +Dayaoshan +, +Gubao +( +广Oiŵħkä山古保 +), + +850m + +, + +2021-IV-09 + +, leg. J. +T +. +Zhao +( +CCCC +, +C21Z0046 +); + + +1 ♀ +, +Guangxi Province +, +Jinxiu County +, +Dayaoshan +, +Pingbanshan +( +广Oiŵħkä山平Ú山 +), + +2016-V-14 + +, leg. +Jin-Teng Zhao +( +ŭffiss +) ( +CCCC +, +C16Z0698 +); + + +1 ♂ +, +Hunan Province +, +Yanling County +, +Shennonggu +( + +DZAE +ẍĸ县ñƌ ĕ + +), alt. + +640m + +, + +2008-VII-5 + +, leg. +Zhuo Yang +( +杨卓 +) ( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 2224562); + + +1 ♀ +, +Hunan Province +, +Yanling County +, +Shiduxiang +, env. +Taoyuandongcun +( + +DZAE +ẍĸ县十δ乡fiů洞村周B + +), alt. + +870m + +, + +2008-VII-6 + +, leg. +Gan-Yan Yang +by beating ( +IZCAS +, +IOZ +(E) 2224563); + + +2 ♂ +, +3 ♀ +, +Zhejiang Province +, +Gutianshan National Nature Reserve +( +CAW +): + + +1♂ +: CSP15, + +2010, 618m + +, +118,13°E +/ +29,25°N +, NE2; + + +1♂ +: same data, SE1; + + +1♀ +: CSP03, + +2010, 720m + +, +118,12°E +/ +29,24°N +, NW2; + + +1♀ +: CSP06, + +2010, 880m + +, +118,15°E +/ +29,25°N +, NW2; + + +1♀ +: CSP09, + +2010, 348m + +, +118,11°E +/ +29,24°N +, SW3. + + + + + +Remarks. +This new species is quite similar to + +Desisa pterolophioides +Gressitt + +from +Fujian +, +China +( +Gressitt, 1942a +) (now in the genus + +Macropraonetha +Breuning, 1961 + +) by color and pubescence pattern, but can be separated from it by the elytron with one tubercle with tufted hairs before basal one fifth, the elytral apex truncated instead of narrow rounded, and the anterior and posterior margins of white band on elytra with different shapes. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/4D/16274D6DE9F57FD162CA0C938BB8BE2B.xml b/data/16/27/4D/16274D6DE9F57FD162CA0C938BB8BE2B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90aa2bf9c03 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/4D/16274D6DE9F57FD162CA0C938BB8BE2B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + + + +Checklist of Fabaceae Lindley in Balaghat Ranges of Maharashtra, India + + + +Author + +Gore, Ramchandra + + + +Author + +Gaikwad, Sayajirao + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4541 +4541 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4541 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4541 +1314-2828--4541 + + + + +Crotalaria mysorensis Roth, 1821 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: continent: Asia; country: +India +; countryCode: IN; stateProvince: Maharashtra; municipality: Ambajogai; locality: +Mukundraj +; verbatimLatitude: 18° +45.567N +; verbatimLongitude: 76° +22.043E +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: month: August-January; fieldNumber: RDG- 385; fieldNotes: Erect herbs; Record Level: institutionCode: +Wachland College of Arts & Science, Solapur (WCAS). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/65/16276599BB596C476CDB08986740E5F8.xml b/data/16/27/65/16276599BB596C476CDB08986740E5F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9532c0d3197 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/65/16276599BB596C476CDB08986740E5F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + +Dendrocerusmexicali (Hymenoptera, Ceraphronoidea, Megaspilidae): Novel antennal morphology, first description of female, and expansion of known range into the U. S. + + + +Author + +Burks, Kyle N. + + + +Author + +Miko, Istvan + + + +Author + +Deans, Andrew R. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +569 + + +53 +69 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.569.6629 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.569.6629 +1313-2970-569-53 +73BDE2860DD54711885CE8032DD93C52 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Megaspilidae + + + +Dendrocerus mexicali Dessart, 1999 +Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Male flagellomeres have projections with flexible, wrinkled regions at base (Figures 1A and 2). Both males and females have a blunt posteromedian process of the mesoscutellum, called a mucro, that is less sharp than that of +Dendrocerus koyamae +(Figure 3). Both males and females have mandibular lancea (Figure 4). The sensillar plate of the male aedeagus is strongly sclerotized and greatly enlarged compared to all other described +Megaspilidae +(Figure 5). + + + +Figure 2. Confocal laser scanning microscopic images of male +Dendrocerus mexicali +antenna. A Antenna with the most basal branch (branch of 1st flagellomere) missing. Bluish area at base of branches indicates a high concentration of resilin; orange and red indicate sclerotized regions; green indicates softer, non-sclerotized regions B Magnified view of branch articulation. Purple and pink areas indicate high concentrations of resilin in the cuticle; blue indicates areas of extremely high resilin concentration; red indicates strongly sclerotized regions. + + + + +Figure 3. Bright field images of +Dendrocerus mexicali +mesosoma, lateral view. Arrows indicate the location of a mucro. A Male B Female. + + + + +Figure 4. Bright field images of +Dendrocerus mexicali +mouthparts, anterior view. Arrows indicate the location of mandibular lancea. A Male B Female. + + + + +Figure 5. Confocal laser scanning microscopic images of male genitalia; spa=Sensillar plate of the aedeagus. A +Dendrocerus mexicali +dorsal view B +Dendrocerus ramicornis +dorsal view for spa size comparison C +Dendrocerus mexicali +ventral view. + + + + +Description. + +Body length universal: 1.4-1.7 mm (n=10). Color hue pattern: antenna, legs, mouthparts ochre; rest of body dark brown. Color intensity pattern: flagellomeres and their branches darker than scape and pedicel. scape and pedicel same as legs. Cephalic size (csb): Mean: 400-500μm. head height (lateral view) vs eye height (anterior view): HH:EHf=1.4-1.8 (n=5). head height vs. head length: HH:HL=1.4-1.8 (n=5). head width vs. interorbital space: HW/IOS=1.8-2.0 (n=5). head width vs. head height: HW/HH=1.2-1.4 (n=5). Male OOL:LOL: OOL/LOL=0.75-1.0 (n=2). Male OOL:POL: OOL/POL=0.24-0.43 (n=2). Female OOL:LOL: OOL 0.625 +-0.75x +as long as LOL (n=3). Anterior ocellar fovea shape: fovea not extended ventrally to the dorsal margin of antennal scrobe. occipital carina sculpture: smooth. submedial flange of occipital carina count: absent. median flange of occipital carina count: absent. preoccipital carina and occipital carina structure: the occipital carina extends ventrally to the oral foramen with the preoccipital carina present on the vertex, but not extendinig ventrally along the gena. preoccipital carina count: present. preoccipital carina shape: present medially, absent laterally to lateral ocelli. preoccipital lunula count: present. preoccipital furrow count: present. preoccipital furrow anterior end: preoccipital furrow ends inside ocellar triangle. dorsal margin of occipital carina vs dorsal margin of lateral ocellus in lateral view: occipital carina is ventral to lateral ocellus in lateral view. Transversely reticulate region on frons count: absent. Rugose region on frons count: absent. facial pit count: facial pit present. intertorular carina count: present. Ventral margin of antennal rim vs dorsal margin of clypeus: not adjacent. Median region of intertorular area shape: flat. subtorular carina count: absent. torulo-clypeal carina count: present. supraclypeal depression count: present. supraclypeal depression structure: present medially, inverted U-shaped. antennal scrobe count: absent. flagellomere shape +( +male): branched. scape length relative to length of F1+F2 (male): longer or equal. 6th male flagellomere length vs. width, +"sensillar" +view: elongate, more than 2 +x +as long as wide. flagellomere branch count: 5 branches. Branch of male flagellomere 5 length +compared +to flagellomere 6: Longer than length of flagellomere 6. Branch of male flagellomere 5 length compared to flagellomere 5: Longer than length of flagellomere 5. flagellomere 6 length compared to flagellomeres 7+8: Equal to the length of flagel +lomere +7+8. sensillar patch of the male flagellomere pattern: F6-F9. Basal resilin-rich area of male antennal branches count: present. Female first flagellomere length vs pedicel: F1 as long as pedicel (1.0-1.1) (n=3). Female ninth flagellomere length: F9 less than F7+F8. Mandibular tooth count: 2. mandibular lancea count: present. ventrolateral invagination of the pronotum count: present. atrium of the anterior thoracic spiracle size: as wide as distal trachea. notaulus posterior end location: adjacent to transscutal articulation. epicnemial carina count: complete. epicnemium posterior margin shape: anterior discrimenal pit absent; epicnemial carina straight. speculum ventral limit: extending ventrally of pleural pit line. sternaulus count: absent. Median mesoscutal line length vs anterior mesoscutal width: MscL/AscW=0.6-0.9 (n=5). anterior mesoscutal width vs. posterior mesoscutal width: AscW/PscW=0.9 (n=5). median mesoscutal sulcus posterior end: adjacent to transscutal articulation. axillular carina count: absent. posteromedian process of the mesoscutellum count: present. posteromedian process of the mesoscutellum shape: blunt. scutoscutellar sulcus vs trans +scutal +articulation: adjacent. mesometapleural sulcus count: present. posterodorsal metapleural area shape: trapezoid. metapleural carina count: present. anteromedian projection of the metanoto-propodeo-metapecto-mesopectal complex count: absent. lateral propodeal carinae shape: inverted +"V" +(left and right lateral propodeal carinae +are +adjacent medially at their intersection with antecostal sulcus of the first abdominal tergum). lateral propodeal carina count: present. transverse line of the metanotum-propodeum vs. antecostal sulcus of the first abdominal tergum: adjacent sublaterally. Distal margin of male abdominal sternum 9 shape: convex. median conjunctiva of +abdominal +tergum 9 count: absent. Proximolateral corner of abdominal sternum 9 shape: blunt. proximodorsal notch of cupula count: absent. Gonostyle/volsella complex proximodorsal margin shape: with deep concavity medially. Submedian conjunctiva on distoventral margin of gonostyle/volsella complex: length (range of fusion of +parossiculus +/parossiculus complex from gonostipes): more than 4/5. apical parossiculal seta number: two. dorsal apodeme of penisvalva count: absent. distal projection of the penisvalva count: absent. sensillar plate of the aedeagus shape: Enlarged, about half as wide as the genitalia, and strongly sclerotized. carina limiting posteriorly antecosta +count +: present. distal projection of the parossiculus count: absent. dorsomedian conjunctiva of the gonostyle-volsella complex count: absent. cupula length vs. gonostyle-volsella complex length: cupula less than 1/2 the length of gonostyle-volsella complex in lateral view. parossiculus count (parossiculus and gonostipes fusion): absent (fused with the gonostipes). distoventral submedian corner of the cupula count: absent. harpe length: harpe shorter than gonostipes in lateral view. + + + +Figure 6. Bright field images of male +Dendrocerus mexicali +head. A Posterior view B Anterior view. + + + + +Figure 7. Bright field images of male +Dendrocerus mexicali +. A Dorsal view of head B Habitus; dorsal view. + + + + +Figure 8. Bright field images of female +Dendrocerus mexicali +head. A Dorsal view B Anterior view. + + + + +Figure 9. Bright field images of female +Dendrocerus mexicali +habitus. A Lateral view B Dorsal view. + + + + +Range. +Mexico (Mexicali), California, Arizona, Texas, and Florida. + + +Material examined. +Other material (60 females, 27 males): USA:Arizona:Santa Cruz Co.: 1 male. PSUC_FEM 86285 (PSUC). USA:California:Stanislaus Co.: 1 male. IM 5156 (UCFC). USA:Florida: 8 females, 13 males. PSUC_FEM 98899, 98907 (PSUC); IM 5106, 5165, 5214; PSUC_FEM 86151, 86166, 86366, 86370, 86384, 86443 (UCFC); PSUC_FEM 56350-56352, 56397-56403 (CNC). USA:Florida:Brevard Co.: 2 males. IM 5212; PSUC_FEM 86296 (UCFC). USA:Florida:Highlands Co.: 47 females, 6 males. PSUC_FEM 56353-56359, 56361-56396, 56404-56413 (CNC). USA:Florida:Orange Co.: 3 males. IM 5210-5211; PSUC_FEM 86137 (UCFC). USA:Florida:Polk Co.: 4 females, 1 male. IM 5107; PSUC_FEM 86130, 86141, 86148, 86266 (UCFC). USA:Texas:Brazos Co.: 1 female. PSUC_FEM 56360 (CNC). + + +Antennal coiling experiment. +After rehydration of the specimens, the rami of the flagellomeres were very flexible at their bases. After the antenna were placed in distilled water, the apical flagellomeres of both specimens curled very slightly. There was no change in the angle of the flagellomere projections or movement at their bases. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/84/162784D180348E2C34ABB36FD04D72D2.xml b/data/16/27/84/162784D180348E2C34ABB36FD04D72D2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b626a64bf97 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/84/162784D180348E2C34ABB36FD04D72D2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part G) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +529 +556 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Gnaphalium pedunculare +Linnaeus + +, + +Mantissa Plantarum Altera + +: 284. 1771 + + +. + + + +"Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 6174. + + + + +Lectotype +(Hilliard & Burtt in +Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh +32: 353. 1973): Herb. Linn. No. 989.47 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Helichrysum odoratissimum +(L.) Sweet + +( +Asteraceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/27/E8/1627E87416F32A915C7762E59EFFCE85.xml b/data/16/27/E8/1627E87416F32A915C7762E59EFFCE85.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..171bae4d900 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/27/E8/1627E87416F32A915C7762E59EFFCE85.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Taxonomy of the genus Peyerimhoffia Kieffer from Mainland China, with a description of seven new species (Diptera, Sciaridae) + + + +Author + +Shi, Kai + + + +Author + +Huang, Junhao + + + +Author + +Zhang, Sujiong + + + +Author + +Wu, Hong + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +382 + + +67 +83 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.382.4948 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.382.4948 +1313-2970-382-67 +37A49038C3854C939C87391E0F2012B0 +37A49038C3854C939C87391E0F2012B0 + + + + + +Peyerimhoffia +shennongjiana + +sp. n. +Figs 7, 8G, 9 + + + +Specimens examined. +Holotype, male. CHINA. Hubei province, Shennongjia, Dalongtan, sweep-net, 20.V.2012, Kai Shi [SM01662]. + + + +Description +(male). + +Head dark brown; palp, antenna, thorax, abdomen and hypopygium brown; legs yellowish-brown; wings fumose. Head (Fig. 7C, D). Eye bridge with 3 rows of facets. Prefrons with 26 setae. Clypeus with 1 seta. Maxillary palp 3-segmented, segment 1 with 4 setae. Length/width of 4th flagellomere: 2.83. Thorax. Anterior pronotum with 2 setae, episternum 1 with 4 setae. Wings (Fig. 8G). Wing length 2.25 mm, width/length: 0.46. c/w: 0.79. R1/R: 0.88. M, Cu and stM nonsetose. r-m with 4 setae. Legs (Fig. 7E). Front tibia with bordered prolateral patch of 5 modified setae. Length of spur/width of foretibia 1.06. Length of femur/length of metatarsus: foreleg 1.69. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: foreleg 0.48, hind leg 0.50. Length of hind tibia/length of thorax 1.45. Hypopygium (Fig. 7A, B). Sternite 10 with one seta on each half. + + +Figure 7. +Peyerimhoffia shennongjiana +Shi & Huang, sp. n., male, holotype. A Right gonostylus, ventral view B Part of hypopygium, ventral view C Palp, lateral view D Fourth flagellomere, lateral view E Apex of foretibia, prolateral view. Scale, 0.10 mm. + + + + +Figure 8. Wings, dorsal view. A +Peyerimhoffia hamata +sp. n. (holotype) B +Peyerimhoffia obesa +sp. n. (holotype) C +Peyerimhoffia sparsula +sp. n. (holotype) D +Peyerimhoffia longiprojecta +sp. n. (holotype) E +Peyerimhoffia brachypoda +sp. n. (holotype) F +Peyerimhoffia yunnana +sp. n. (holotype) G +Peyerimhoffia shennongjiana +sp. n. (holotype). Scale, 0.50 mm. + + + + +Distribution. +China (Hubei, Fig. 9). + + +Figure 9. Geographical distribution of +Peyerimhoffia +from China. + + + + +Remarks. +This species can be readily recognized by having two unique characteristics: the gonostylar apex bare, and a dorsally located lobe on its inflated gonostylus. + + +Etymology. +This species is named after its type locality, Shennongjia at Hubei province, China. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/44/162844E54762E57DA3D5A4E483340980.xml b/data/16/28/44/162844E54762E57DA3D5A4E483340980.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..838c3d4a4a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/44/162844E54762E57DA3D5A4E483340980.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + +Platynereis coccinea (Delle Chiaje, 1822) + + + +Notes + +Reported from Greece by +Chatzigeorgiou et al. (2016) +. Type locality: Mediterranean (Italy). Previous reports of the species by +Arvanitidis (2000a) +and +Simboura and Nicolaidou (2001) +are based on a record by +Ergen (1987) +from the Turkish Aegean coast. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/87/162887AACA5AF00847EF27D4A833A060.xml b/data/16/28/87/162887AACA5AF00847EF27D4A833A060.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e96adc2de8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/87/162887AACA5AF00847EF27D4A833A060.xml @@ -0,0 +1,480 @@ + + + +Breynia pseudorostrata (Phyllanthaceae), a new species from Yunnan, Southwest China + + + +Author + +Yang, Feng +0000-0003-2076-0130 +yfde 828 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2076 - 0130 +yfde828@qq.com + + + +Author + +Li, Ping-Ping +0000-0002-5892-4316 +2909377608 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5892 - 4316 +2909377608@qq.com + + + +Author + +Liu, Jin-Li +0000-0002-4167-1578 +3069238401 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4167 - 1578 +3069238401@qq.com + + + +Author + +Wang, Qiu-Ping +0000-0001-7765-4174 +School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China & 1299038749 @ qq. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7765 - 4174 +1299038749@qq.com + + + +Author + +Wang, Huan-Chong +School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China & Herbarium of Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2022 + +2022-03-15 + + +539 + + +2 + + +210 +216 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.539.2.8 + +journal article +20222 +10.11646/phytotaxa.539.2.8 +27e80f56-9902-4f1c-b61b-ed5750132b36 +1179-3163 +6358250 + + + + + +Breynia pseudorostrata +Huan C. Wang & Feng Yang + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 1 +and +2 +) + + + + +Diagnosis:— +Morphologically, + +Breynia pseudorostrata + +is most similar to + +B. rostrata +Merrill (1927: 346) + +, but clearly differs from the latter by having ovate to elliptic (ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate in + +B. rostrata + +) leaf blades with broadly rounded to acute apex (acuminate tips in + +B. rostrata + +), stigmas with 2 shallow and completely inflexed lobes (bifid, sharp, erect in + +B. rostrata + +), and apex of capsules subtruncate (beaked in + +B. rostrata + +). + + + + +Type:— + +CHINA +. +Yunnan Province +: +Eshan County +, +Shuangjiang town +, +Dengyun village +, +24°2’25″ N +, +102°10’59″ E +, elev. + +1015 m + +, + +3 October 2019 + +, + +H. C. Wang +et al. ES8201 + +( +holotype +YUKU!, isotypes YUKU!) + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Evergreen shrubs, monoecious, +0.5–2 m +tall, usually completely glabrous throughout; branching phyllanthoid. Main stems and ultimate branchlets terete. Cataphylls on the main stems spiral, triangular, ca. +1 mm +long. Leaves on ultimate branchlets distichous, well developed; stipules triangular-lanceolate, ca. +1 mm +long, distinctly shorter than the petiole; petiole short, +2–3 mm +long; leaf blades ovate to elliptic, sometimes slightly obovate, +2–5 cm +long, +1.5–2.5 cm +broad, papery, base obtuse to rounded, margin entire, slightly undulate when drying, apex broadly acute to rounded, adaxially green, abaxially grey or glaucous; venation pinnate, midrib elevated abaxially, lateral veins 3–6 pairs, arcuately anastomosing before margins, slightly elevated abaxially, flattened adaxially, reticulate veins obscure. Flowers axillary, usually in fascicles of staminate and pistillate flowers, sometimes solitary, staminate proximal, pistillate distal. Staminate flowers yellow-green or orange-yellow, rarely green, +2.5–4 mm +in diameter; pedicels +3–10 mm +long, slender, slightly broadening upwards; calyx turbinate, with 6 scales at rim of calyx tube; calyx scales imbricate, horizontally inflexed, biseriate, outer scales small, rounded, inner ones oblong; stamens 3, united into central vertical androphore, androphore ca. +1 mm +long with apical anthers along it. Pistillate flowers green, pedicels +2–5 mm +, not lengthening in fruit; sepals 6, connate at base, biseriate, slightly enlarged and reflexed in fruit, outer sepals small, ovate, apex acute, inner ones oblong to broadly obovate; ovary ovately cylindric, ca. +1 mm +in diameter, 3-locular, ovules 2 per locule; styles ca. +2 mm +, stout, erect, stigmas 3, with 2 shallow lobes, lobes almost completely inflexed. Capsules globose, tapering towards apex, +6–7 mm +in diameter, with flat or slightly reflexed persistent sepals, apex with persistent stigmas; peel fleshy, tardily dehiscent; aril yellow-red or orange-red. Seeds brown, ca. +3 mm +long. + + + + +Phenology:— +According to our field investigations, + +Breynia pseudorostrata + +flowers and fruits from June to November. + + + + +Etymology:— +The specific epithet is derived from the Greek +pseudo +(meaning resembling but not equaling) and the epithet of species + +Breynia rostrata +Merrill + +, to which the newly named species is closely related. + + + + +Habitat and distribution:— + +Breynia pseudorostrata + +is found in +Central +Yunnan Province +, southwest +China +. +It +usually occurs in montane slope, scrub and sunny forest margins at elevations of + +300–2000 m + +. + + + + + + +Additional specimens examined ( +paratypes +): +CHINA +. + +Yunnan +: +Shuangbai County +, +Ainishan village +, elev. + +1450 m + +, + +1 October 1958 + +, + +S. C. Huang +0132 + +(KUN); + + +Yimen County +, +Luzhijiang valley +, near +Xiaoluzhi village +, + +9 August 2016 + +, + +X. D. Ma +et al. YM1043 + +(YUKU); + + +same location, + +25 September 2019 + +, + +H. C. Wang +et al. YM8057 + +(YUKU); + + +Xinping County +, elev. + +1316 m + +, + +8 August 2019 + +, + +H. C. Wang +et al. XP8552 + +(YUKU); + + +Yuanyang County +, +Nansha town +, valley, slope-foot, under sparse forest, +23°12’ N +, +102°53’ E +, elev. + +300 m + +, + +12 November 1973 + +, + +D. D. Tao +1533 + +(KUN, HITBC); + + +same location, + +31 May 1974 + +, + +Luchun +team 1341 + +(KUN); + + +same location, + +10 October 1991 + +, + +G. D. Tao +47593 + +(HITBC) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Breynia pseudorostrata +H. C. Wang & Feng Yang. A. Habit. B. Adaxial + +surface of leaf. C. Pistillate flower (lateral view). D. Pistillate flower (apical view). E. Staminate flower (lateral view). F. Staminate flower (apical view). G. Fruit. + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Breynia pseudorostrata +Huan C. Wang & Feng Yang. A. Habit. B. Adaxial + +surface of leaf. C. Abaxial surface of leaf. D. Staminate flower (apical view). E. Staminate flower (lateral view). F. Pistillate flower (apical view). G. Pistillate flower (dorsal view). H. Pistillate flower (lateral view). I–K. Fruit. + + + + +FIGURE 3 +. + +Breynia pseudorostrata +Huan C. Wang & Feng Yang + +(A–C) and + +B. rostrata + +(D–F): A, D. Adaxial surface of leaf. B, E. Pistillate flower (lateral view). C, F. Fruit. ( + +B. pseudorostrata + +and + +B. rostrata + +were respectively photographed from the specimens +H. C. Wang et al. XP8552 +and +F. A. McClure 8516 +[BM000560755]). + + + + + +Discussion + + + + +Breynia pseudorostrata + +is characterized by its unique style structure in genus + +Breynia + +. It shows remarkable similarities with + +B. rostrata +, + +but clearly differs from the latter in its shape of leaf blade, calyx lobes of pistillate flowers, stigmas and the apex of fruit ( +Fig. 3 +). The leaves of + +B. pseudorostrata + +are usually ovate to elliptic, sometimes slightly obovate, 2–5 × +1.5–2.5 cm +, with broadly acute to rounded tips, its stigmas are with 2 shallow lobes, lobes are almost completely inflexed, and its apex of capsule is subtruncate. In contrast, leaves of + +B. rostrata + +are usually ovate-lanceolate to oblonglanceolate, 3–7 × +1.5–3 cm +, with acuminate tips, stigmas are bifid, sharp, erect, and apex of capsule is beaked. + +Breynia retusa +( +Dennstedt 1818: 31 +) +Alston (1929: 204) + +is somewhat similar to + +B. pseudorostrata + +in leaf shape, but differs from the new species in having smaller leaves size, and sepals enlarged from +4–6 mm +to ca. +12 mm +in diameter in fruit, stigmas with 3 short forked arms, and apex of fruit smooth or with a shallow ring. A morphological comparison of + +B. pseudorostrata + +with its similar species is provided in +Table 1 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/87/162887AFFF8C071C19B8B427FB94FCAA.xml b/data/16/28/87/162887AFFF8C071C19B8B427FB94FCAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ac3ba985281 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/87/162887AFFF8C071C19B8B427FB94FCAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,298 @@ + + + +The family Izinkalidae fam. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea) in Australian waters + + + +Author + +Lowry, J. K. + + + +Author + +Stoddart, H. E. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-01-06 + + +2532 + + +1 + + +64 +68 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2329.1.3 + +journal article +4712 +10.11646/zootaxa.2329.1.3 +30471991-67e4-495a-bd59-a7c936bc2e66 +1175-5326 + + + + + + + +Izinkala +Griffiths, 1977 + + + + + + + + + + +Izinkala +Griffiths, 1977: 115 + + +. — + +Ledoyer, 1986: 768 + +. — + +Barnard & Karaman, 1991: 492 + +. + + + + + +Diagnosis +. With the characters of the family. + + +Included species. + +Izinkala + +includes 2 species: + +I. fihla +Griffiths, 1977 + +; + +I. griffithsi + + +sp. nov. + + + + + +Izinkala griffithsi + +sp. nov. + + + +Figs 1–3 + + + + +Type material +. + +HOLOTYPE +, male, +2.6 mm +, +AM +P.70330, east of +Newcastle +, +New South Wales +, +Australia +, +32°53’S +152°35’E +, + +165 m + +, bottom tow, + +15 August 1985 + +, FRV + +Kapala + +stn K85-12-23. + + + + + +Type +locality. + +East of Newcastle +, +New South Wales +, +Australia +, +32°53’S +152°35’E +, + +165 m +depth + + +. + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Izinkala griffithsi + + +sp. nov. + +Holotype, male, 2.6 mm, AM P.70330. Scale for U3 represents 0.05 mm; remainder represent 0.1 mm. + + + + +Etymology. +Named for Charles Griffiths in recognition of his work on the amphipod fauna of southern Africa. +Diagnostic description. +Head +partially covered by coxae 1 and 2; lateral cephalic lobe subacute. + +Antenna 1 +peduncular article 1 + +produced ventrodistally, +narrowly rounded +; peduncular article 2 produced dorsodistally into large lobe. +Maxilla 1 +vestigial. +Maxilliped +without inner and outer plates; +palp article 1 about 3.5 x as long as broad +, article 2 length about 2 x breadth; article 4 vestigial. +Gnathopod 1 +coxa vestigial, ischium about 8 x as long as broad; carpus rectolinear, about 7 x as long as broad; propodus rectolinear, about 5 x as long as broad, palm short with a large robust seta; dactylus short, truncated. +Gnathopod 2 +minutely chelate; coxa enlarged, as large as coxa 3, with a broadly rounded anterior margin; ischium about 5 x as long as broad; carpus subrectangular; propodus subovate with minute obtuse palm. +Pereopod 5 +basis expanded posteriorly; +merus +broadly expanded posteriorly, with sloping straight posteroproximal margin and straight posterodistal margin, +posteroventral lobe extending halfway along propodus +. +Pereopod 6 +basis expanded posteriorly; merus broadly expanded posteriorly, with sloping straight posteroproximal margin and straight posterodistal margin. +Pereopod 7 +basis large, posterodistal lobe extending slightly beyond carpus; +merus expanded both anteriorly and posteriorly +, posterodistal lobe extending to end of carpus. +Epimeron 3 +posterior margin smooth, posteroventral corner narrowly rounded. +Urosomite 1 +with a large rounded dorsal boss. +Urosomite 2 +with a smaller subtriangular dorsal boss. [ +Uropod 3 +not clear.] +Telson +entire, with 4 robust setae. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Izinkala griffithsi + + +sp. nov. + +Holotype, male, 2.6 mm, AM P.70330. Scales represent 0.2 mm. + + + + +Remarks. +Unfortunately the mount of urosomite 3, with both of the third uropods and the telson, is very difficult to interpret. Our figure of uropod 3 shows what could be interpreted as a uniramous uropod with a large peduncle and a tiny single ramus. However, it corresponds well to what we have seen as the 2-articulate outer ramus of a biramous uropod 3 on the +holotype +of + +I. fihla + +. +Ledoyer (1986) +illustrated a +4 mm +female with a 1-articulate outer ramus on a biramous uropod 3. Clearly, the true state of + +Izinkala + +uropod 3 is not yet resolved. It was not possible to illustrate the telson for + +I. griffithsi + +but the 4 large robust setae are clearly visible. + + + +Izinkala griffithsi + +is very similar to + +I. fihla + +and if more material becomes known they might possibly be regarded as one species. However, at present the species can be distinguished by: antenna 1 peduncular article 1 ventrodistal lobe narrowly rounded (acute in + +I. fihla + +); maxillipedal palp article 1 length about 3.5 x breadth (about 2.5 x in + +I. fihla + +); pereopod 5 merus posteroventral lobe extending halfway along propodus (to end of carpus in + +I. fihla + +); pereopod 7 merus expanded anteriorly (not expanded in + +I. fihla + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/87/162887AFFF8D071919B8B5F1FAD2FBEF.xml b/data/16/28/87/162887AFFF8D071919B8B5F1FAD2FBEF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..566487a4df5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/87/162887AFFF8D071919B8B5F1FAD2FBEF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ + + + +The family Izinkalidae fam. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Lysianassoidea) in Australian waters + + + +Author + +Lowry, J. K. + + + +Author + +Stoddart, H. E. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2010-01-06 + + +2532 + + +1 + + +64 +68 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2329.1.3 + +journal article +4712 +10.11646/zootaxa.2329.1.3 +30471991-67e4-495a-bd59-a7c936bc2e66 +1175-5326 + + + + + + +Izinkalidae +fam. nov. + + + + +Diagnostic description. +Head +concealed, slightly longer than deep. +Antennae +calceoli absent. + +Antenna +1 + +with callynophore in male; accessory flagellum article 1 not forming a cap. +Antenna 2 +peduncular article 3 without distal hook. +Epistome and upper lip +[unknown]. +Mouthpart bundle +subquadrate. +Mandible +incisors well developed, asymmetrical, left convex, right straight; left lacinia mobilis probably absent; accessory setal row absent; +molar absent +; palp inserted mid-way. +Maxillae 1 +and 2 vestigial. + +Maxilliped +inner and outer plates absent + +; palp 4-articulate, slender; article 4 vestigial. + + + + +Gnathopod 1 +minutely subchelate; +coxa vestigial +; merus and carpus not rotated; +ischium extremely long +(length more than 6 x breadth); carpus and propodus elongate, rectolinear; propodus with large robust seta on short palm; dactylus truncated. +Gnathopod 2 +chelate; coxa large, subequal in size to coxa 3; ischium very long; carpus subrectangular, with palmate setae; propodus subovate, with palmate setae; dactylus minute. +Pereopods +all simple; distal spurs absent. +Pereopod 4 +coxa with well developed posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +coxa anterior lobe deeper than posterior lobe. +Pereopod 6 +coxa anterior lobe slightly deeper than posterior lobe. + + +Uropod 2 +inner ramus without constriction. +Uropod 3 +biramous. +Telson +entire. + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Izinkala +Griffiths, 1977 + +. + + +Generic composition. + +Izinkalidae + +includes one genus: + +Izinkala +Griffiths, 1977 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Griffiths (1977) +remarked on the similarities of + +Izinkala + +to + +Clepidecrella +J.L. +Barnard, 1962 + +and + +Kerguelenia +Stebbing, 1888 + +. We agree that both groups have reduced mouthparts and similarly shaped first gnathopods. But we have no way of knowing if the mouthpart reductions are homoplasious between the taxa. For example, in kergueleniids the inner and outer plates of the maxillipeds are reduced, but in izinkalids they are completely absent and the well developed fourth articles of the palps of kergueleniids are vestigial in izinkalids. Antenna 1 has a completely different structure across these groups – unmodified in kergueleniids and highly modified in izinkalids. The coxa of gnathopod 1 is vestigial in + +Izinkala + +, a condition never found in kergueleniids, and although the gnathopods are long and slender in both groups, + +Izinkala + +has an extremely long ischium and the dactylus is a short, blunt instrument not at all similar to the filiform dactylus of kergueleniids. + + +Griffiths (1977) +also mentions the similarity of + +Izinkala + +to + +Lepidepecreum + +, particularly + +L. clypodentatum +J.L. +Barnard, 1962 + +. We see similarities in overall body shape and in the shape of the seventh pereopods, but the severe reduction in mouthpart morphology and the completely different first gnathopods makes statements about relationships tenuous. + +At this stage we find it difficult to align the izinkalids with other lysianassoid family-level taxa. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/A1/1628A1D887285B37B36E13F6F601D87C.xml b/data/16/28/A1/1628A1D887285B37B36E13F6F601D87C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40a74adf53b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/A1/1628A1D887285B37B36E13F6F601D87C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,901 @@ + + + +Eocuma orbiculatum sp. nov. (Crustacea, Cumacea, Bodotriidae) from Korean waters + + + +Author + +Kim, Sung-Hyun + + + +Author + +Lee, Chang-Mok + + + +Author + +Kim, Young-Hyo + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +910 + + +79 +91 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.47143 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.910.47143 +1313-2970-910-79 +C3621642DACB4377AE05B2A90170D940 +1A09DBB6AAA658469B510CDB33C70B8C + + + + +Eocuma orbiculatum +sp. nov. +Figures 1 +, 2 +, 3 +, 4 +, 5 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype: adult male, 11.92 mm, NIBRIV0000812748, Hangdong Port, Sedong-ri, Wando-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea, +34°23'38.2"N +, +126°50'29.3"E +, Y.H. Kim, 22 June 2008. + + + +Description. +Holotype, adult male, NIBRIV0000812748. + +Length: 11.92 mm, excluding uropods. Carapace (Figs +1A, B +, +2A-C +, +3A, B +) 0.26 +x +body length, 1.4 +x +width; surface covered with minute shallow pits; lateral margins of carapace, pereon, and pleon lamellate; pseudorostrum a little in advance of antero-lateral horns with rounded apices, without lateral horns; dorsal median carina extending from eye-lobe to posterior margin of carapace; a pair of dorso-lateral carinae well-marked, extending from near the antero-lateral horns to 4/5 way of carapace; ocular lobe (Fig. +2B +) with 3 lenses. Pereon (Fig. +2A, B +) 0.7 +x +carapace. Pleon (Fig. +2A +) 1.3 +x +cephalothorax. + + + +Figure 1. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov., holotype, adult male, 11.92 mm. +A +Lateral view +B +cephalothorax, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm ( +A, B +). + + + + +Figure 2. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov., holotype, adult male, 11.92 mm. +A +Habitus, lateral view +B +cephalothorax, dorsal view +C +cephalothorax, ventral view +D +antenna 1 +E +antenna 2 +F +left mandible +G +right mandible +H +maxilla 1. Scale bars: 1.0 mm ( +A-C +), 0.2 mm ( +D +), 0.1 mm ( +C, E, F +), 0.05 mm ( +G +). + + + + +Figure 3. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov., holotype, adult male, 11.92 mm. +A, B +Carapace, dorsal view. Scale bar: 250 +μm +( +A +), 125 +μm +( +B +). + + + +Antenna 1 (Fig. +2D +) peduncle 3-articulate; article 1 flattened, broader at base, with several hair-like, 10 short simple, and 4 complex pedunculate setae; article 2 0.4 +x +article 1, with 2 short simple and 3 complex pedunculate setae; article 3 1.4 +x +article 2, with 2 complex pedunculate setae distally. Main flagellum 3-articulate; article 1 with 3 aesthetascs; article 2 with 1 aesthetasc; article 3 with 2 simple setae, 1 long simple seta, and 1 aesthetasc terminally. Accessory flagellum minute, with 1 short simple and 2 complex pedunculate setae. + + +Antenna 2 (Fig. +2A, E +) extending beyond pleotelson; peduncle 5-articulated; article 2 with 1 or 2 plumose setae; articles 4-5 with numerous simple setae, article 5 with 2 complex pedunculate setae dorso-distally. + + +Left mandible (Fig. +2F +) with row of several hair-like and 14 setae; incisor with 4 teeth; +lacinia mobilis +with 3 teeth. Right mandible (Fig. +2G +) with row of several hair-like and 14 setae; incisor with 2 teeth. + + +Maxilla 1 (Fig. +2H +) outer endite with a few hair-like setae medially, 1 simple seta laterodistally, 13 stout simple setae terminally; inner endite with several hair-like setae medially, a few hair-like setae laterodistally, 4 microserrate and 2 stout tricuspid setae terminally; palp broken, with 2 setae. + + +Maxilla 2 (Fig. +4A +) broad endite with several hair-like, 26 plumose, and 3 microserrate setae medially, 6 plumose, 25 simple, 11 microserrate, 2 plumo-microserrate, and 1 pappo-serrate setae terminally; outer endite with a few hair-like and 7 stout microserrate setae terminally; inner endite with 6 stout microserrate setae terminally. + + + +Figure 4. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov., holotype, adult male, 11.92 mm. +A +Maxilla 2 +B +maxilliped 1 +C +maxilliped 2 +D +maxilliped 3 +E +pereopod 1. Scale bars: 0.3 mm ( +D, E +), 0.2 mm ( +C +), 0.1 mm ( +A, B +). + + + +Maxilliped 1 (Fig. +4B +) basis with a few hair-like setae mediodistally, 1 long plumose seta on medial distal corner, 13 simple setae on lateral surface, a few hair-like setae laterodistally; medial lobe with 1 coupling hook and 8 plumo-microserrate setae medially, 3 stout simple setae on medial distal surface, 1 plumose and 2 stout simple setae terminally; ischium absent; merus with a few hair-like, 8 short simple, and 2 long plumose setae; carpus 2.1 +x +merus, with 21 plumose and 8 stout setae medially, numerous hair-like setae on lateral surface, 1 short simple seta laterally, 1 long plumose seta on laterodistal corner; propodus 0.5 +x +carpus, with a few hair-like, 20 plumose, 1 simple, 1 microserrate, and 1 plumo-microserrate setae medially, a few hair-like and 3 short simple setae medially, 3 long plumose setae distally; dactylus 0.7 +x +propodus, a few hair-like and 2 simple setae medially, 2 stout microserrate setae terminally. + + +Maxilliped 2 (Fig. +4C +) basis 1.4 +x +remaining articles combined, with numerous hair-like setae medially, 2 short simple and 4 long plumose setae mediodistally, numerous hair-like setae on lateral surface, 18 short simple and several hair-like setae laterally; ischium short, unarmed; merus 0.3 +x +basis, with 1 long plumose seta on medial distal surface, several hair-like and 4 short simple setae on lateral surface, a few hair-like and 1 short simple setae laterally; carpus 0.7 +x +merus, with 3 plumose and 4 plumo-microserrate setae medially, several hair-like setae on lateral surface, 1 short simple seta laterally; propodus 0.8 +x +carpus, with 2 microserrate, 10 plumo-microserrate, and 1 plumose setae medially, several hair-like setae on lateral surface, 2 long plumose setae laterally; dactylus 0.5 +x +propodus, with 1 long simple seta on lateral surface, 2 simple, 1 microserrate, and 1 stout microserrate setae terminally. + + +Maxilliped 3 (Fig. +4D +) basis 1.4 +x +remaining articles combined, with numerous hair-like setae medially, 2 plumose setae on medial distal corner, numerous hair-like setae on medial surface and lateral margin, 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules laterally; produced distally to border between merus and carpus, with 1 short simple and 14 plumose setae medially, 5 short simple setae with subterminal setules laterally; ischium 0.2 +x +basis, with several hair-like and 9 plumose setae medially; merus subequal to ischium, with several hair-like and 1 plumose setae medially; carpus 0.5 +x +merus, with 1 plumose seta medially; propodus 1.1 +x +carpus, with 1 short simple and 7 plumose setae medially, 1 short simple seta laterodistally; dactylus 0.8 +x +propodus, with a few hair-like setae medially, 1 short simple and 2 hair-like setae laterally, 5 microserrate setae terminally; exopod shorter than basis. + + +Pereopod 1 (Fig. +4E +) basis 0.9 +x +remaining articles combined, with numerous hair-like setae medially, 19 short simple setae on lateral surface, 2 complex pedunculate setae laterodistally, 1 short plumose seta on terminal point; ischium 0.1 +x +basis, with 1 complex pedunculate seta mediodistally; merus 1.7 +x +ischium, with 1 complex pedunculate seta mediodistally; carpus 1.6 +x +merus, with 1 short simple seta mediodistally; propodus subequal to carpus, with 6 simple setae medially; dactylus 0.9 +x +propodus, with 9 simple setae medially, 1 short simple and 2 simple setae terminally; exopod shorter than basis. + + +Pereopod 2 (Fig. +5A +) length 0.3 +x +basis of pereopod 1, basis fused with ischium, 0.6 +x +remaining articles combined, with 2 long plumose and 1 complex pedunculate setae medially, 3 complex pedunculate setae on lateral surface, 7 complex pedunculate setae and 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules laterally; merus 0.4 +x +basis, with 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules mediodistally, 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules lateroproximally; carpus 0.6 +x +merus, with 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules laterodistally; propodus 1.4 +x +carpus, with 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules mediodistally; dactylus 1.5 +x +propodus, with 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules and 1 broken seta medially, 1 simple seta with terminal setules laterally, 1 plumo-annulate seta, 1 long plumo-annulate seta with single subterminal setule, and 1 simple seta with terminal setules terminally. + + + +Figure 5. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov., holotype, adult male, 11.92 mm. +A +Pereopod 2 +B +pereopod 3 +C +pereopod 4 +D +pereopod 5 +E +pleotelson. Scale bars: 0.3 mm ( +E +), 0.2 mm ( +B-D +), 0.1 mm ( +A +). + + + +Pereopod 3 (Fig. +5B +) basis 0.9 +x +remaining articles combined, with 5 complex pedunculate setae and 2 short simple setae with subterminal setules medially, 6 short simple setae with subterminal setules on lateral surface, 4 long plumose setae laterally; ischium 0.2 +x +basis, with 2 annulate setae laterodistally; merus 2.7 +x +ischium, with 2 short simple setae with subterminal setules medioproximally, 1 annulate seta laterally; carpus 0.7 +x +merus, with 3 annulate setae medially, 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules and 1 annulate seta laterally, 1 short simple and 2 long annulate setae on medial distal margin; propodus 0.7 +x +carpus, with 1 long annulate seta on medial distal corner, 1 complex pedunculate seta laterodistally; dactylus 0.4 +x +propodus, with 1 simple and 1 stout microserrate setae terminally. + + +Pereopod 4 (Fig. +5C +) basis 0.9 +x +remaining articles combined, with 1 plumose and 4 complex pedunculate setae medially, 8 plumose setae and 3 short simple setae with subterminal setules laterally; ischium 0.2 +x +basis, with 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules laterally, 2 annulate setae on distal margin; merus 2.3 +x +ischium, with 1 annulate seta laterodistally; carpus 0.7 +x +merus, with 3 long annulate setae and 1 short simple seta with subterminal setules medially, 1 short simple and 2 long annulate setae on medial distal corner, 1 annulate seta laterally; propodus 0.7 +x +carpus, with 1 long annulate and 1 complex pedunculate setae mediodistally; dactylus 0.4 +x +propodus, with 2 simple and 1 stout microserrate setae terminally. + + +Pereopod 5 (Fig. +5D +) basis subequal to remaining articles combined, with 3 long plumose, 9 plumose, 2 complex pedunculate setae, and 2 short simple setae with subterminal setules; ischium 0.2 +x +basis, with 1 short simple and 2 annulate setae laterodistally; merus 2.0 +x +ischium, with 1 annulate seta laterally; carpus 0.6 +x +merus, with 4 annulate setae medially, 1 annulate seta laterally; propodus 0.8 +x +carpus, with 1 long annulate seta on medial distal corner; dactylus 0.3 +x +propodus, with 2 simple and 1 stout microserrate setae terminally. + + +Uropod (Fig. +5E +) peduncle 0.4 +x +pleotelson, with 9-10 plumose, 14-16 stout short simple, and 35-40 microserrate setae medially. Endopod uniarticulate, 3.2 +x +peduncle, with 21 plumose, 77 plumo-microserrate, and 3 stout short simple setae medially, tip with setulate seta. Exopod biarticulated, subequal to endopod, article 1 unarmed; article 2 with 23 plumose setae medially, 21 plumose setae laterally, 1 simple seta distally, tip with 2 curved setulate setae. + + + +Remarks. + +This new species resembles + +Eocuma amakusense + +Gamo +, 1967, + +E. hilgendorfi + +Marcusen, 1894, and + +E. latum + +Calman, 1907 in having a pair of well-developed dorso-lateral carinae on the flat carapace and similar setae pattern on the telson. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov., however, is easily distinguished from its congeners by the pattern of dorso-lateral carina and lacking lateral horns on the carapace. This difference also applies when considering growth, geographical distribution and individual variations (Table +1 +). Comparison between the species was done assuming that + +E. orbiculatum + +sp. n and +E. cf. hilgendorfi +(by +Park et al. 1998 +) subadult male was the same species, since information of + +E. hilgendorfi + +adult male was not suggested in previous studies. + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. n is distinguished from the specimen of +Park et al. (1998) +by the combination of the following features ( +E. cf. hilgendorfi +condition in parentheses): 1) a pair of dorso-lateral carinae from near the near apices of the antero-lateral horns extending to approximately 0.8 of the carapace length (vs. from ocular lobe to the posterior margin of carapace); 2) carapace without lateral horn (vs. with lateral horns); 3) basis of pereopod 1 with 19 short simple setae on ventral surface (vs. without short simple seta); 4) carpus of pereopod 1.6 +x +merus length (vs. 2.3 +x +merus length); 5) medial margin of uropod peduncle and endopod with plumose, stout short simple, and microserrate setae (vs. with plumose setae on endopod, with plumose setae and 3 spaced teeth on exopod); 6) uropod exopod with plumose setae laterally (vs. without seta). Even considering growth and individual variations, many differences were found in carapace shape, carpus length, and setal pattern of the telson. In addition, +E. cf. hilgendorfi +(by +Park et al. 1998 +) is considered to be a different species, as it shows many morphological differences from + +E. hilgendorfi + +reported by +Zimmer (1903) +. Additional samples shall be obtained and identified. + + + +Table 1. +Comparison of morphological characteristics among + +Eocuma orbiculatum + +sp. nov. and related species (based on males). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Characteristics and distribution + +orbiculatum + +(adult) + + +amakusense + +(adult) + + +amakusense + +(adult) + + +hilgendorfi + +(subadult) + + +cf. +hilgendorfi + +(subadult) + + +latum + +(adult) + + +latum + +(adult) + + +latum + +(adult) + + +latum + +(adult) + + +latum + + + +latum + +(subadult) +
Body length11.92 mm11.9 mm11.4 mm10 mm11.4 mm8.5 mm6 mm12.8-13.5 mm13 mmunknown10.7 mm
Carapace, antero-lateral hornswith round apiceswith round apiceswith round apiceswith pointed apiceswith round apiceswith round apiceswith round apiceswith round apiceswith round apiceswith round apiceswith round apices
dorso-lateral carinaeextending from near the antero-lateral horns to 4/5 way of carapaceextending from near the antero-lateral horns to posterior marginextending from near the antero-lateral horns to near posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior marginextending from near the antero-lateral horns to near posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior marginextending from ocular lobe to posterior margin
lateral hornswithout lateral hornwith lateral horn, convex lateral sides of the carapacewith lateral horns, roundedwith lateral horns, very vertically deepwith lateral hornswith forwarded lateral hornswith forwarded lateral hornswith forwarded lateral hornswith forwarded lateral hornswith forwarded lateral hornswith forwarded lateral horns
Eye-lobe, lenswith 3 lenseswith 5 lenseswith 5 lenseswith 3 lenseswith 3 lenseswith 8 lenseswith 3 lenseswith 3 lenseswith 3 lensesunknownwith 3 lenses
Pereopod 1, basis ventral surfacewith 19 short simple setaewith 27 short simple setaewith 10 short simple setaeunknownwithout short simple setawith 10 short simple setaewithout short simple setawith short simple setaeunknownwithout short simple setawith blunt simple setae
carpus length +1.6 +x +merus + +2.6 +x +merus + +2.7 +x +merus +unknown +2.3 +x +merus + +2.3 +x +merus + +2.4 +x +merus + +1.7 +x +merus +unknown +2.4 +x +merus + +1.4 +x +merus +
dactylus length +0.9 +x +propodus + +0.5 +x +propodus + +0.6 +x +propodus +unknown +0.9 +x +propodus + +0.5 +x +propodus + +0.6 +x +propodus + +0.7 +x +propodus +unknown +0.7 +x +propodus +subequal to propodus
Pereopod 2 merus, mediodistallywithout protuberancewith protuberancewith protuberanceunknownwithout protuberanceunknownwith protuberanceunknownunknownunknownwithout protuberance
Uropod peduncle, medial marginwith plumose, stout short simple, and microserrate setaewith hairy and setosewith plumose, small simple, and microserrate setaewith plumose and hair-like setaewith plumose hairswith plumose setae and short spineswith plumose, short simple, and other setaewith plumose and other setaeunknownwith plumose setaewith plumose setae
Uropod endopod, medial marginwith plumose, plumo-microserrate, and stout short simple setaewith hairy, setose, and teethwith plumose, plumo-microserrate, and small simple setaewith plumose and hair-like setaewith plumose hairs and 3 spaced teethwith plumose setae and spineswith plumose, short simple, and other setaewith plumose, short simple, and other setaeunknownwith plumose and short simple setaewith plumose and short simple setae
Uropod exopod, lateral marginwith plumose setaewith plumose hairswith plumose setaewithout setawithout setawithout setaserrated, with plumose setawith plumose setaeunknownwithout setawithout seta
DistributionSouth Sea (present study) +Tomoe Bay ( + +Gamo +1967 + +) + +South Sea ( +Kim et al. 2017 +) + +Enoshima ( +Zimmer 1903 +) + +Yellow Sea ( +Park et al. 1998 +) + +Annam ( +Fage 1945 +) + +Indo-Chinese Sea ( +Zimmer 1952 +) + +Sagami Bay ( + +Gamo +1958 + +) + +Sagami Bay ( + +Gamo +1963 + +) + +Jiaozhou bay, Yellow Sea ( +Liu and Liu 1990 +) + +South Sea ( +Kim et al. 2017 +) +
+ + + +Etymology. + +The new species name +orbiculatum +is a Latin word, meaning +'round' +, alluding to the absence of a horn on the lateral margin of the carapace and the round appearance of the carapace in dorsal view. + + + +Distribution. +The new species was collected in Hangdong Port, Sedong-ri, Wando-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea, muddy bottom, 2-5 m depth. + + + +Key to the Korean + +Eocuma + +species + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1Carapace lacking lateral horn; a pair of dorso-lateral carinae extending to approximately 0.8 of the carapace length + + +E. orbiculatum + +sp. nov. + +
-Carapace with lateral horn; a pair of dorso-lateral carinae extending to the posterior margin of carapace +2 +
2Carapace, lateral horn obtuse and rounded + +E. amakusense + +
-Carapace, lateral horn prominent and acute +3 +
3Pereopod 1, basis length much longer than remaining articles combined and without short simple setae on lateral surface + +E. cf. hilgendorfi + +
-Pereopod 1, basis length equal to remaining articles combined and with several short simple setae on lateral surface + +E. latum + +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/B9/1628B9E605AE5F22BCBE4298F15A0930.xml b/data/16/28/B9/1628B9E605AE5F22BCBE4298F15A0930.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5386169c9d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/B9/1628B9E605AE5F22BCBE4298F15A0930.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Subgenus +Paracelia Bedel, 1899 + + + + +Paracelia +Bedel, 1899: 169, 174. Type species: + +Amara simplex + +Dejean, 1828 by original designation. Etymology. From the Greek +para +(beside, near) and the generic name + +Celia + +[ +q.v +.] [feminine]. + + +Iranoleirides +Hieke, 1978: 300. Type species: + +Amara astrabadensis + +Lutshnik, 1935 by original designation. Synonymy established by Hieke (2006: 296). Etymology. From the geographical name Iran and the generic name + +Leirides + +[masculine]. + + + +Diversity. + +Twenty-one species (Hieke 2007) in the Palaearctic Region (including the Himalayas and northern Africa), one of them ( + +Amara quenseli + +) extending into the Nearctic Region and one ( + +Amara simplex + +Dejean) extending into the Afrotropical Region. + + + +Identification. +Hieke (2006) revised the species of this subgenus. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/28/FB/1628FB26DF3C237F9A0E2CC5C5247133.xml b/data/16/28/FB/1628FB26DF3C237F9A0E2CC5C5247133.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4432cf3dd46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/28/FB/1628FB26DF3C237F9A0E2CC5C5247133.xml @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + + + +The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The genus Tetramorium Mayr in the Malagasy region and in the New World. + + + +Author + +Bolton, B. + +text + + +Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology + + +1979 + +38 + + +129 +181 + + + + +http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=6435 + +journal article +6435 + + + + +Tetramorium pacificum Mayr + + + +(Fig. 44) + + + +Tetramorium pacificum Mayr, 1870: 972 +, 976. Syntype workers, female, Tonga: Tongatabu (BMNH; NM, Vienna) [examined]. [For a statement of current synonymy oi +pacificum +see Bolton, 1977: 102.] + + + +Worker. TL 3.7 - 4.6, HL 0.86 - 1.10, HW 0.72 - 1.02, CI 83 - 90, SL 0.62 - 0.82, SI 79 - 87, PW 0.54 - 0.68, AL 1.04 - 1.30 (45 measured). +Mandibles usually unsculptured except for hair-pits but in some populations with feeble traces of striation. Anterior clypeal margin with a median notch or impression; median portion of clypeus with three strong longitudinal carinae. Frontal carinae long and strongly developed, usually approaching the occipital margin. Maximum diameter of eye c. 0.18 - 0.21, about 0.22 - 0.25 x HW. Propodeal spines long and acute, usually narrow and often somewhat upcurved along their length. Metapleural lobes acute and upcurved, usually broad. Petiole in profile characteristically shaped (Fig. 44), with the posterior face higher than the anterior so that the convex dorsum slopes upwards posteriorly and the posterodorsal angle is higher than the anterodorsal. Anterior face and dorsum confluent through a curve. Sculpture variable in density and intensity. On the head varying from a blanketing rugoreticulum to a system which is predominantly longitudinal but with cross-meshes present from the level of the anterior margins of the eyes; always with a reticulum posteriorly, close to the occiput. Ground-sculpture between rugae superficial but quite conspicuous. Dorsal alitrunk reticulate-rugose; often pedicel segments similarly sculptured but in some the sculpture predominantly longitudinal. First gastral tergite usually with at least traces of basal costulae; although these are often vestigial they are only rarely completely absent. Erect or suberect long hairs numerous on all dorsal surfaces of head and body. Colour a uniform dark brown, blackish brown or black. + + + +T. pacificum +ranges throughout the Oriental and Indo-Australian regions and occurs in northern Australia. It is very widespread in most or all of the island-systems of the Pacific (Wilson & Taylor, 1967; Bolton, 1977) and has been recorded from California in the U. S. A. (M. R. Smith, +1943 +; Creighton, 1950). The shape of the petiole in +pacificum +is unique amongst tetramoriines occurring in the New World and should serve to identify instantly this species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/29/0F/16290F1F27A6978BA6F34A2EA6366CB9.xml b/data/16/29/0F/16290F1F27A6978BA6F34A2EA6366CB9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b930189edd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/29/0F/16290F1F27A6978BA6F34A2EA6366CB9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa mountain (FYR Macedonia) + + + +Author + +Deltshev, Christo + + + +Author + +Komnenov, Marjan + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin + + + +Author + +Georgiev, Teodor + + + +Author + +Lazarov, Stoyan + + + +Author + +Stojkoska, Emilija + + + +Author + +Naumova, Maria + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +977 +977 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e977 +1314-2828-1-977 + + + + +atratus +Thanatus +Araneae +Arachnida +Arthropoda +Animalia + + + + +Thanatus atratus Simon, 1875 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: +C. Deltshev & M. Komnenov +; sex: +1 male +, +2 females +; Location: country: +FYR of Macedonia +; locality: +Galichitsa Mt., Stenje vill., Stenjsko Blato bog +; verbatimElevation: 850 m; Event: eventDate: +17-06-2008 + + + + +Distribution +Palearctic. + + +Notes +First record in Galichitsa Mt. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/29/2B/16292B0FB273E105FE23FC4A67FDE940.xml b/data/16/29/2B/16292B0FB273E105FE23FC4A67FDE940.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b2d357d483b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/29/2B/16292B0FB273E105FE23FC4A67FDE940.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +A phylogenetic approach to the Neotropical social wasp genus Leipomeles Möbius, 1856 (Vespidae: Epiponini), with a new identification key + + + +Author + +Somavilla, Alexandre + + + +Author + +Vieira, Gabriel Santos + + + +Author + +Andena, Sérgio Ricardo + + + +Author + +Noll, Fernando Barbosa + + + +Author + +Carpenter, James M. + +text + + +American Museum Novitates + + +2023 + +2023-12-19 + + +2023 + + +4006 + + +1 +12 + + + + +https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2023/issue-4006/4006.1/A-Phylogenetic-Approach-to-the-Neotropical-Social-Wasp-Genus-Leipomeles/10.1206/4006.1.full + +journal article +10.1206/4006.1 +0003-0082 +10777857 + + + + + + +Leipomeles albogrisea +( +Richards, 1978 +) + + + + + + + +Figures 1A +, +2A + + + + + + +Marimbonda albogrisea + +Richards, 1978 + + +, ffie Social Wasps of the Americas: 201 (key), 202, fig. 84, female, male – “ +BRAZIL +: MT, base camp, +12°50′S +, +51°47′W +” ( +holotype +female +Rio de Janeiro +). + + +– +Carpenter and Mateus, 2004 +, Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 48 (3): fig. 5 (male genitalia). + + + + +DISTRIBUTION: +Brazil +: +Mato Grosso +. + + + + + +COMMENTS: +According +to +Richards (1978) +the +holotype +of this species is in the +Museu Nacional +of +Rio de Janeiro +( +MNRJ +, +Rio de Janeiro +, +Brazil +); this +holotype +was probably lost in the fire on + +September 2nd, 2018 + +. Here we insert images of a +paratype +from the Natural History Museum ( +NHM +, London), from the same location and same expedition + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/29/2B/16292B0FB274E100FE19FA2E6086EE06.xml b/data/16/29/2B/16292B0FB274E100FE19FA2E6086EE06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..743c61692c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/29/2B/16292B0FB274E100FE19FA2E6086EE06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +A phylogenetic approach to the Neotropical social wasp genus Leipomeles Möbius, 1856 (Vespidae: Epiponini), with a new identification key + + + +Author + +Somavilla, Alexandre + + + +Author + +Vieira, Gabriel Santos + + + +Author + +Andena, Sérgio Ricardo + + + +Author + +Noll, Fernando Barbosa + + + +Author + +Carpenter, James M. + +text + + +American Museum Novitates + + +2023 + +2023-12-19 + + +2023 + + +4006 + + +1 +12 + + + + +https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2023/issue-4006/4006.1/A-Phylogenetic-Approach-to-the-Neotropical-Social-Wasp-Genus-Leipomeles/10.1206/4006.1.full + +journal article +10.1206/4006.1 +0003-0082 +10777857 + + + + + +KEY TO THE SPECIES Of + +LEIPOMELES +MÖBIUS + + + + +Adapted from +Richards, 1978 + + + + + +1. Smooth and shining, less punctured (fig. 1B, D); first metasomal segment about twice as long as wide; hind wing with Cu1 shorter than Cu-a............................................2 + + +1′. Darker, more punctured—colors dark brown to black (fig. 1A, C); first metasomal segment slightly longer than wide; hind wing with Cu1 as long as Cu-a....................................3 + + + + +FIGURE 3. Nests of + +Leipomeles + +from AMNH nest database. +A. + +Leipomeles dorsata +(Fabricius, 1804) + +. +B. + +Leipomeles spilogaster +(Cameron, 1912) + +. + + + + + +2. Pronotal carina stronger and straighter; clypeus a little wider than long (fig. 2D); coloration blackish and creamy white (fig. 1A); head with substantial blackish marking............................................................................... + +L. spilogaster +(Cameron, 1912) + + + + + +2′. Pronotal carina weak, more recurved laterally; clypeus a little longer than wide (fig. 2B); coloration yellow-brown and yellow or whitish-yellow (fig. 1B); head hardly with darker color........................................................................ + +L. dorsata +(Fabricius, 1804) + + + + + + + +3. Head and mesosoma very indistinctly punctured (figs. 1A, 2A); clypeus rounded below; POL: OOL = 2: 3; metanotum with a slight dorsal area; propodeum yellow marked (fig. 1A).................................................................. + +L. albogrisea +( +Richards, 1978 +) + + + + + +3′. Head and mesosoma more shining, more distinctly punctured (fig. 1C, 2C); clypeus angled below; POL: OOL = 1: 2.5; metanotum without dorsal area; propodeum black (fig. 1C)............................................................................. + +L. pusilla +( +Ducke, 1904 +) + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/29/5F/16295F423CA1B07D092B5E7E1C3F6538.xml b/data/16/29/5F/16295F423CA1B07D092B5E7E1C3F6538.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..890ac5b2f79 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/29/5F/16295F423CA1B07D092B5E7E1C3F6538.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +451 +529 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +fuscus +Beauvois 1796 + + + + + + + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +fuscus +Beauvois 1796 + +, + +Cat. Raisonne +Mus +. Peale Phil.: 18 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +USA +, +Pennsylvania +, Philadelphia. + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +arquatus +Say 1823 + +; + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +carolinensis +E. Geoffroy 1806 + +; + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +greenii +Gray 1843 + +; + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +melanops +Rafinesque 1820 + +; + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +phaiops +Rafinesque 1820 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/29/CD/1629CD9BFF034F8BBF518C0CA29F92DC.xml b/data/16/29/CD/1629CD9BFF034F8BBF518C0CA29F92DC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26be0e0694f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/29/CD/1629CD9BFF034F8BBF518C0CA29F92DC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +A taxonomy review of Oreoderus Burmeister, 1842 from China with a geometric morphometric evaluation (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Valgini) + + + +Author + +Li, Sha + + + +Author + +Ricchiardi, Enrico + + + +Author + +Bai, Ming + + + +Author + +Yang, Xingke + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +552 + + +67 +89 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6096 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6096 +1313-2970-552-67 +E772CBC4E2A445F1963175C2AEC32051 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Scarabaeidae + + + +Oreoderus coomani Paulian, 1961 + + + + +Oreoderus coomani +Paulian, 1961: 31. + + + +Type material examined. +Lectotype (designated by Ricchiardi, 2001), ♂, Tonkin, Hoa-Binh, A. de Cooman, (MNHN). + + +Additional material examined. +P.R. CHINA: 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Xiaomengyang, 850m, 1957.X.20, leg. ZangLingchao, IOZ(E)902180; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menglun, 600m, 1993.IX.11, Mt. Shihuishan, leg. Yang Longlong, IOZ(E)902190; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menghai, 1100m, 1957.VIII.15, leg. Wang Shuyong, IOZ(E)902191; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menga, 1050-1080m, 1958.VIII.12, leg. Wang Shuyong, IOZ(E)902192; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menga, 1050-1080m, 1958.VIII.7, leg. Pu Fuji, IOZ(E)902193; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menga, 1050-1080m, 1958.VIII.20, leg. Pu Fuji, IOZ(E)902194; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menga, 1050-1080m, 1958.VIII.19, leg. Wang Shuyong, IOZ(E)902195; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Menga, 1050-1080m, 1958.VIII.10, leg. Wang Shuyong, IOZ(E)902196; 1♂, Yunnan, Xihuangbanna, Xiaomengyang, 850m, 1957.X.26, leg. Wang Shuyong, IOZ(E)902197; 1♂, Yunnan, Malipo, 1958.VII.21, (IZAS). + + +Distribution. +China: Yunnan; Vietnam and Laos. + + +Remarks. +This species was previously known from Vietnam and Laos. This is the first record for Yunnan, China. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/29/D4/1629D4089ACE5FEA9C2F03ADC92ED088.xml b/data/16/29/D4/1629D4089ACE5FEA9C2F03ADC92ED088.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b24ae4369e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/29/D4/1629D4089ACE5FEA9C2F03ADC92ED088.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Application of extended depth of field 3 D imagery to tackle the challenges of cryptic species: a use case in the genus Betiscoides Sjoestedt, 1924 (Orthoptera, Caelifera, Lentulidae) and its taxonomic implications + + + +Author + +Matenaar, Daniela +https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4093-930X +Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt (HLMD), Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany +daniela.matenaar@gmail.com + +text + + +Evolutionary Systematics + + +2024 + +2024-03-25 + + +8 + + +1 + + +65 +90 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.117735 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.117735 +2535-0730-1-65 +6B534FD5542C463687D11738CE33D9F8 +F2EBA604A9625D10BE246A37D51D1264 + + + + +Betiscoides parva Key, 1937 + + + +Remarks. + +Specimens of DEL 9 from the 12 Apostles, Table Mountain NP, are hereby considered as + +Betiscoides parva + +as they coincide with its overall morphological diagnostic characters. The small body size, the thick ensiform shape of the antennae and the large, prominent and ovate eyes, as well as the relatively large feet (half the length of the hind tibiae), reason this allocation. In order to assess the hairiness, the specimens of DEL 9 were compared with images of the holotype (male, NHMUK Cape Peninsular, South Africa, December 1930), both showed fairly hairy integument. In order to assess the female genital characters, I analyzed images of the allotype (female, NHMUK, Cape Peninsular, South Africa, December 1930). + + + +Material. + +Male. + +HLMD-Cael-381, B103, Genbank Acc: MG243794.1, MG243893.1, MG243991.1, MG244078.1, MG244168.1, +33°57'32.18"S +, +18°23'16.06"E +, +South Africa +, +Western Cape +, +Table Mountain National Park +, +Twelve Apostle +, +Restio +wetland, +March 2012 +, +S. Wirtz +leg. + + + +Vol: +42.080 mm +3 or +4.20806e- +08 m3; Vol. eye: 973202045.68 +µm +3, ratio eye length/ fastigium length: 0.54, Subgenital plate degree: 51° rounded. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/42/162A42561C43FEF87DD09805346CD4E6.xml b/data/16/2A/42/162A42561C43FEF87DD09805346CD4E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d92970f931 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/42/162A42561C43FEF87DD09805346CD4E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Tanycarpa gracilicornis (Nees, 1812) + + + + +Bassus gracilicornis +Nees, 1812 + + + +Distribution +Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/44/162A448206D609DD133188D2A3C11920.xml b/data/16/2A/44/162A448206D609DD133188D2A3C11920.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..91c14489593 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/44/162A448206D609DD133188D2A3C11920.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +The medicinal plants of Myanmar + + + +Author + +DeFilipps, Robert A. +Deceased + + + +Author + +Krupnick, Gary A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826 +Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA +krupnick@si.edu + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2018 + +2018-06-28 + + +102 + + +1 +341 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 +1314-2003-102-1 +AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67 +1306325 + + + + +Helicteres isora L. + + + +Names. + +Myanmar +: +thunge-che +, +tingkyut +. +English +: East Indian screw tree. + + + +Range. +Malay Archipelago. In Myanmar, found in Kachin and Taninthayi. + + +Uses. + +Bark +and +Root +: Stomachic. +Fruit +: Ingredient of a liniment. + + + +Notes. + +In India the leaf is used for stomachache; the fruit for stomach disorders and rickets in babies; the seed for stomach pain and dysentery, also the oil is massaged on body to relieve pain; the root for stomachache on sores and carbuncles (in combination with other plants), and for colic ( +Jain and DeFilipps 1991 +). +Perry (1980) +, in addition to Myanmar, lists the medicinal uses of the species in the Malay Peninsula, Indonesia, South China, and Taiwan. + + + +Reference. + +Perry (1980) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/46/162A46562E83E1BF3BED484BB125EC02.xml b/data/16/2A/46/162A46562E83E1BF3BED484BB125EC02.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26bdd3ef75e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/46/162A46562E83E1BF3BED484BB125EC02.xml @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ + + + +Updated list of the mosquitoes of Colombia (Diptera: Culicidae) + + + +Author + +Rozo-Lopez, Paula + + + +Author + +Mengual, Ximo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4567 +4567 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 +1314-2828-3-4567 + + + + +Mansonia (Mansonia) indubitans Dyar & Shannon, 1925 + + + +Notes + +Ferro et al. 2008 +. Species previously overlooked by other mosquito catalogs for Colombia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D73FF96FC84F93BFE76FE2B.xml b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D73FF96FC84F93BFE76FE2B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5714390772b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D73FF96FC84F93BFE76FE2B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +The grass root endophytic fungus Flavomyces fulophazii: An abundant source of tetramic acid and chlorinated azaphilone derivatives + + + +Author + +Berek-Nagy, Peter Janos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gergo Toth +Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H ˝ ogyes Endre u. 9, Budapest, 1092, Hungary + + + +Author + +Szilvia Bosze +National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Lilla Borbala Horvath +National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Andras Darcsi +National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Sandor Csikos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Daniel G. Knapp +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gabor M. Kovacs +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Imre Boldizsar +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + +text + + +Phytochemistry + + +2021 + +112851 + + +2021-10-31 + + +190 + + +1 +11 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 + +journal article +10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 +1873-3700 +8273100 + + + + + + +2.3. Activity of isolated compounds on the seed germination of +Lactuca + + +sativa and on the growth of +Lemna minor +plants + + + + + + +Metabolites of endophytic fungi can protect the host plants against various classes of pests (like pathogenic fungi, parasitic nematodes, herbivorous insects, etc.) thus, indirectly promoting plant growth ( +Li and Strobel, 2001 +; +Schwarz et al., 2004 +; +Schardl et al., 2007 +). Some volatile organic compounds were also confirmed as enhancers of plant development, affecting directly the plants ( +Berthelot et al., 2016 +). However, several endophytic metabolites have been shown to be phytotoxic, inhibiting growth of the plants ( +Choi et al., 2004 +) and their seedlings ( +Rivero-Cruz et al., 2003 +; García-M´endez et al., 2016; +Wang et al., 2020 +). + + +To test the effects of our isolated metabolites on plants, two standardized assays, i.e., the + +Lactuca sativa + +seed germination- and the + +Lemna minor + +growth test, both having international recommendations, were performed ( +Priac et al., 2017 +; +Vanhoutte et al., 2017 +). Neither the seed germination nor the reproduction and leaf development were affected by the metabolites of + +F. fulophazii + +, suggesting their no direct effects on plants (Supplementary Figs. S9 and S10). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D73FF97FFD2FAD2FA8AF9C8.xml b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D73FF97FFD2FAD2FA8AF9C8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c166b8c390 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D73FF97FFD2FAD2FA8AF9C8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ + + + +The grass root endophytic fungus Flavomyces fulophazii: An abundant source of tetramic acid and chlorinated azaphilone derivatives + + + +Author + +Berek-Nagy, Peter Janos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gergo Toth +Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H ˝ ogyes Endre u. 9, Budapest, 1092, Hungary + + + +Author + +Szilvia Bosze +National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Lilla Borbala Horvath +National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Andras Darcsi +National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Sandor Csikos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Daniel G. Knapp +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gabor M. Kovacs +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Imre Boldizsar +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + +text + + +Phytochemistry + + +2021 + +112851 + + +2021-10-31 + + +190 + + +1 +11 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 + +journal article +10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 +1873-3700 +8273100 + + + + + + +2.2. Amounts of compounds in the in vitro cultures of +F. fulophazii + + + + + + +Amounts of all identified compounds were determined by HPLC-MS in the lyophilized cultures of ten Hungarian and seven Mongolian + +F. fulophazii + +isolates grown in three replicates (Supplementary +Table S4 +, Fig. S8). Among tetramic acids and azaphilones, vermelhotin and flavochlorine A were found to be the main compounds, respectively, in all samples. The highest amounts of vermelhotin were determined in cultures of the Hungarian and Mongolian isolates HF-3 ( +5.3 mg +/g) and MF-7 ( +5.5 mg +/g), respectively (data are averages, calculated from contents of three replicate cultures). + + +In order to isolate vermelhotin by preparative HPLC, three-three lyophilized cultures of the isolate HF-3 and those of MF-7 were pooled and extracted (six cultures, in total). Since the total weight of these pooled cultures was +1.09 g +, +5.9 mg +vermelhotin could be isolated as the calculated maximum yield (CMY). The preparative HPLC isolation could be regarded to be effective, according to a comparison of the CMY of vermelhotin ( +5.9 mg +) with the amount of vermelhotin isolated from the lyophilized cultures ( +4.8 mg +), thus suggesting the practical utility of + +F. fulophazii + +in high-yield vermelhotin production. Accumulation of the vermelhotin derivatives (dihydroxyvermelhotin, hydroxyvermelhotin, methoxyvermelhotin and oxovermelhotin) showed a close correlation with that of vermelhotin, resulting in their highest amounts also in the cultures of isolates HF-3 and MF-7 (Supplementary +Table S4 +). Among these vermelhotin derivatives, hydroxyvermelhotin was determined to be the most abundant compound, reaching its maximum levels of +1.1 mg +/g and 1.0 mg/g in the cultures of isolates HF-3 and MF-7, respectively (average values, calculated from contents of three parallel cultures). Accordingly, in addition to vermelhotin, hydroxyvermelhotin could also be isolated from the pooled cultures of isolates HF-3 and MF-7 by preparative HPLC. + + +A relative high-level accumulation of the azaphilone flavochlorine A was detected in cultures of isolates MF-3 (MF-3B, +4.2 mg +/g), HF-1 (HF-1A, +3.1 mg +/g) and HF-9 (HF–9B, +2.2 mg +/g). However, flavochlorine A levels were at least one order of magnitude smaller in the corresponding parallel cultures of these isolates. Consequently, in order to isolate flavochlorine A, cultures of different isolates (detailed above), containing the highest levels of this compound, were pooled and extracted. Accumulation of azaphilones B–G, occurring as minor compounds relative to flavochlorine A, showed a close correlation with the accumulation of flavochlorine A. + + +We found the metabolite production of + +F. fulophazii + +highly variable, resulting in differences in the amounts of compounds among the isolates and also among the parallel cultures of one isolate. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D7DFF99FC84FBE6FA4FF9FF.xml b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D7DFF99FC84FBE6FA4FF9FF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..134a88f6f69 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D7DFF99FC84FBE6FA4FF9FF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + +The grass root endophytic fungus Flavomyces fulophazii: An abundant source of tetramic acid and chlorinated azaphilone derivatives + + + +Author + +Berek-Nagy, Peter Janos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gergo Toth +Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H ˝ ogyes Endre u. 9, Budapest, 1092, Hungary + + + +Author + +Szilvia Bosze +National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Lilla Borbala Horvath +National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Andras Darcsi +National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Sandor Csikos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Daniel G. Knapp +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gabor M. Kovacs +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Imre Boldizsar +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + +text + + +Phytochemistry + + +2021 + +112851 + + +2021-10-31 + + +190 + + +1 +11 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 + +journal article +10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 +1873-3700 +8273100 + + + + + + +4.5.2. +Lemna minor +bioassay + + + + + + + +Lemna minor +L. + +(clone 9441) was cultured during stock cultivation in a light chamber (16 h light exposure) at 24 +◦ +C on a liquid medium ( +Appenroth et al., 1996 +). The medium was changed every 14 days. Two weeks prior to the tests, fronds were transferred into Steinberg medium to acclimate and the medium was changed after 7 days ( +Naumann et al., 2007 +). Dilution series of the isolated compounds were made in the concentration range of 1.0–100 μM by Steinberg medium. The fronds were treated with 1.9 mL amounts of these solutions in 24-well plates for 7 days (in a light chamber, 16 h light exposure) at 24 +◦ +C (the control was grown on Steinberg medium). Fronds were then counted and the total leaf area in each well was measured by the software ImageJ using the screened pictures of the plates ( +Schneider et al., 2012 +). + + +Statistical analyses of the + +Lactuca sativa + +and + +Lemna minor + +bioassays were conducted by Prism v.8.0.1 (GraphPad, +USA +). The normality of the datasets was tested by Shapiro-Wilk test. In case of normality, one-way ANOVA was performed. When data did not exhibit normality, +KruskalWallis +test was carried out. To compare the treatments with the control, we used Dunett and Dunn +post hoc +tests, respectively at α = 0.05. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D7DFF99FC84FCB9FA12FB89.xml b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D7DFF99FC84FCB9FA12FB89.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5985f255392 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2A/88/162A882E3D7DFF99FC84FCB9FA12FB89.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +The grass root endophytic fungus Flavomyces fulophazii: An abundant source of tetramic acid and chlorinated azaphilone derivatives + + + +Author + +Berek-Nagy, Peter Janos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gergo Toth +Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Semmelweis University, H ˝ ogyes Endre u. 9, Budapest, 1092, Hungary + + + +Author + +Szilvia Bosze +National Public Health Center, Albert Fl´ori´an út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Lilla Borbala Horvath +National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary; Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eotos Lorand University, Eotvos Lorand Research Network (ELKH), Pazmany Peter setany 1 / A, Budapest, 1117, Hungary e National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Andras Darcsi +National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Zrínyi u. 3, Budapest, 1051, Hungary + + + +Author + +Sandor Csikos +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary; National Public Health Center, Albert Florian út 2 - 6, Budapest, 1097, Hungary + + + +Author + +Daniel G. Knapp +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Gabor M. Kovacs +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + + + +Author + +Imre Boldizsar +Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eotvos Lorand´University, Pazmany Peter setany 1 / C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary + +text + + +Phytochemistry + + +2021 + +112851 + + +2021-10-31 + + +190 + + +1 +11 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 + +journal article +10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112851 +1873-3700 +8273100 + + + + + + +4.5.1. +Lactuca sativa +seed bioassay + + + + + + + +Lactuca sativa + +L. + +var. +capitata + +‘Attrakcio´’ (R´edei Kertimag, +Hungary +) seeds were washed twice with DW and were placed into Petri dishes (90 × +15 mm +) containing filter paper (ø +75 mm +, VWR, +Hungary +) (5 seeds in all Petri dishes). Dilution series of the isolated compounds were made in the concentration range of 1.0–100 μM by DW. The seeds were treated with 1.9 mL amounts of these solutions for 5 days at room temperature on natural light (the control was treated with DW). The length of the root and the hypocotyl was then measured by the software ImageJ (NIH, +USA +) using the screened pictures of the seedlings. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC51FFFFA392FA9EFD06C4BD.xml b/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC51FFFFA392FA9EFD06C4BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06d7c02276f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC51FFFFA392FA9EFD06C4BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ + + + +First data on the bionomics of Leptochilus (Euleptochilus) limbiferus (Morawitz 1867) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), with taxonomic notes and new records + + + +Author + +Fateryga, Alexander V. +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. + + + +Author + +Popovich, Anton V. +0000-0001-8929-1833 +Environmental Commission, Krasnodar Regional Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, Lenina str. 103 / 64, 350033 Krasnodar, Russia. popovitch. antonio 220386 @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8929 - 1833 +popovitch.antonio220386@yandex.ru + + + +Author + +Podunay, Yulia A. +0000-0002-0519-2908 +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. & yu. podunai @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0519 - 2908 +yu.podunai@yandex.ru + + + +Author + +Fateryga, Valentina V. +0000-0002-0031-1955 +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. & valentina _ vt @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0031 - 1955 +valentina_vt@mail.ru + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-10 + + +4851 + + +2 + + +289 +304 + + + +journal article +8591 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.4 +afab8d69-27e6-4312-b09f-38a84037fbce +1175-5326 +4407518 +6FF8E3AF-89C0-4B90-91B0-9835E6E2246E + + + + + + +Genus + +Leptochilus +de Saussure, 1853 + + + + + + + + + +Leptochilus +de Saussure, 1853: 233 + +. +Type +species: + +Pterochilus mauritanicus +Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1841 + +, by subsequent designation of + +Ashmead 1902: 209 + +(as “ + +Pterochilus mauritianus +, Lepel. + +”); + +Blüthgen 1961: 98–100 + +; + +Parker 1966: 151–229 + +; + +Giordani Soika 1970: 63–77 + +; + +van der Vecht & Fischer 1972: 42–53 + +; + +Kurzenko 1982: 100 + +; + +Gusenleitner 1977: 163–178 + +; + +1985: 81–101 + +; + +1993: 745–769 + +; + +1995a: 169–181 + +; + +1995b: 768–771 + +; + +2013a: 43–54 + +; + + +Buck +et al. +2008: 216–221 + + +; + + +Carpenter +et al. +2010: 158–159 + + +; + +Kumar & Carpenter 2015: 7786–7790 + +; + +Antropov & Fateryga 2017: 185 + +. + + + + + +Remarks. +Due to the vast literature on the genus + +Leptochilus + +, only the most important references relevant to the present study are cited above. + + +It is not easy to complete a definitive diagnosis of the genus due to its high variability. Usually, its representatives could be recognized by the following characters: head shorter or not much longer than its wide; proboscis not reaches mid coxae; thorax not much longer than its wide; pronotal foveae absent; pronotal carina present; tegula protruding posteriorly; second submarginal cell of forewing with obtuse basal angle; metanotum sharply edged posteriorly; propodeal valvula bilamellate, submarginal carina projecting as rounded lobe above valvula; tergum 1 hardly petiolate, without transverse carina, depressed subapically ( +Parker 1966 +; +Kurzenko 1982 +; +Carpenter & Garcete-Barrett 2002 +; + +Buck +et al. +2008 + +; +Gusenleitner 2013a +; + +Tan +et al. +2018 + +). Old World species also have a peculiar apical lamella on tergum 2; this lamella has a basal row of small to large punctures. Representatives of the genus are usually very small wasps (except subgenera + +Leptochilus +s. str. + +and + +Euleptochilus + +, which comprise rather mediumsized ones). + + +Subgenera included. + +Euleptochilus +Blüthgen + +in +Berland, 1943 +(16 species); + +Leptochilus +s. str. + +(1 species); +Lionotulus +Blüthgen, 1938 +(90 species); + +Neoleptochilus +Blüthgen, 1961 + +(27 species); + +Sarochilus +Gusenleitner, 1970 + +(11 species); + +Zendalia +Robertson, 1928 + +(55 species). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC56FFF2A392FCD9FA6EC3BD.xml b/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC56FFF2A392FCD9FA6EC3BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c4d0233ec3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC56FFF2A392FCD9FA6EC3BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1208 @@ + + + +First data on the bionomics of Leptochilus (Euleptochilus) limbiferus (Morawitz 1867) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), with taxonomic notes and new records + + + +Author + +Fateryga, Alexander V. +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. + + + +Author + +Popovich, Anton V. +0000-0001-8929-1833 +Environmental Commission, Krasnodar Regional Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, Lenina str. 103 / 64, 350033 Krasnodar, Russia. popovitch. antonio 220386 @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8929 - 1833 +popovitch.antonio220386@yandex.ru + + + +Author + +Podunay, Yulia A. +0000-0002-0519-2908 +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. & yu. podunai @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0519 - 2908 +yu.podunai@yandex.ru + + + +Author + +Fateryga, Valentina V. +0000-0002-0031-1955 +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. & valentina _ vt @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0031 - 1955 +valentina_vt@mail.ru + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-10 + + +4851 + + +2 + + +289 +304 + + + +journal article +8591 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.4 +afab8d69-27e6-4312-b09f-38a84037fbce +1175-5326 +4407518 +6FF8E3AF-89C0-4B90-91B0-9835E6E2246E + + + + + + + +Leptochilus +( +Euleptochilus +) +limbiferus +( +Morawitz, 1867 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Odynerus limbiferus + +Morawitz, 1867: 136 + + + +, +♀ +♂ +(type locality: “ +Dalmatia +” [ +Croatia +]), +lectotype +(designated here): +♀ +, “Dalmatia” [ZISP] ( +Figs 1–4 +). + + + + + + +Leptochilus limbiferus anatolicus + +Blüthgen, 1955: 24 + + + +, +♀ +( +type +locality: “ +Kawak +(SW +Samsun +, Anatolia)” [ +Turkey +]); Gusenleitner 1966: 346, +Turkey +; 2013a: 45, +Turkey +; + +Giordani Soika 1970: 63 + +, +Turkey +; + +van der Vecht & Fischer 1972: 44 + +, +Turkey +. New synonymy. + + + + + + +Leptochilus limbiferus limbiferus +: +Blüthgen 1967: 232 + + +, +Bulgaria +; + +Blüthgen & Königsmann 1969: 927 + +, +Albania +; + +van der Vecht & Fischer 1972: 44 + +, Balkans; + +Gusenleitner 1993: 756 + +, +Greece +, +Albania +, +Bulgaria +, +Macedonia +, +Bosnia +, +Croatia +, +Slovenia +, +Italy +. + + + + + + +Leptochilus limbiferus achaeus +Gusenleitner +in +Blüthgen & Gusenleitner, 1970: 291–292 + + +, +♀ +♂ +( +type +locality: “Korinth, Peloponnes” [ +Greece +]); + +van der Vecht & Fischer 1972: 44 + +, +Greece +; + +Gusenleitner 1993: 756 + +, +Greece +; Fateryga 2017: 9, +Russia +( +Krasnodar +Terr.); + + +Fateryga +et al. +2017: 34 + + +, +Russia +( +Krasnodar +Terr.). New synonymy. + + + + + + +Leptochilus limbiferus +: +Antropov & Fateryga 2017: 185 + + +, +Russia +(North Caucasus), Europe (Southern, Eastern), +Armenia +, +Turkey +. + + + + + +Remarks. +Gusenleitner (1993) +recognized three subspecies of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +based on coloration. In our opinion, such a division is unnecessary. For example, subspecies rank was not used in relatively better studied social wasps ( +Carpenter 1996 +; +Carpenter & Kojima 1997 +). In the case of + +L. limbiferus + +, the division on subspecies does not work as well. Turkish specimens must have reddish tegula but we examined a female (see below) with whitish one. The coloration of the Azerbaijani specimens (see below) is similar to rather some Balkanian ones than the Turkish one. At the same time, specimens from +Russia +correspond to + +L. limbiferus achaeus + +described from +Greece +. Therefore, we treat all subspecies names as synonyms. + + +The record of “ + +Microdynerus limbiferus +F. Mor. + +” from +Armenia +(“ +Eriwan +” [= +Yerevan +]) by +Morawitz (1895: 483) +repeated by +Antropov & Fateryga (2017) +was based on a misidentification of + +Leptochilus duplicatus + +. There is a female specimen of + +L. duplicatus + +with the labels “ +Eriwan +.”, “к. Ф Моравица” [coll. F Morawitz], and “ + +limbiferus +F. Mor. + +♀ +.” stored in ZISP. It was impossible to find any material on true + +L. limbiferus + +from +Armenia +and thus, this species must be excluded from the Armenian fauna. At the same time, + +L. duplicatus + +is new for +Armenia +and the Caucasus as a whole. It is important that F. Morawitz did not distinguish his species from + +L. duplicatus + +. There are also two specimens ( +♀ +and +♂ +) of + +L. duplicatus + +from Nice ( +France +) in ZISP, which were also labeled by him as + +L. limbiferus + +. Therefore, the +lectotype +of + +L. limbiferus + +designated in the present contribution provides taxonomic stability as it is congruent with the current understanding of F. Morawitz’s species. + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +can be easily distinguished from + +L. duplicatus + +by light spot on dorsal mesepisternum, light bands on scutellum and metanotum, shorter distance between lateral ocellus and occiput, and flat sternum 7 of male. + + + + +Material examined. Type material. + +Lectotype +(designated here): +Dalmatia +, +1 ♀ +, leg. +Erber +(full labels are the following: “ +Dalmatia Erber. +”, “к. Ф Моравица” [coll. +F Morawitz +], “ + +limbiferus + +. +Mor. +♀ +.”, “typ +F. Morawitz +det.”, “ +Lectotypus +N. Kurzenko +des. 2000” [yellow label]) [ +ZISP +] ( +Figs 1–4 +); N. +V +. Kurzenko did not publish this designation + +. + +Paralectotype +: +Dalmatia +, +1 ♂ +(full labels are the following: “ +Dalmatia. +”, “к. Ф Моравица” [coll. +F Morawitz +], “ + +limbiferus +F. Mor. + +♂ +.”, “typ +F. Morawitz +det.”, “ +Paralectotypus +N. Kurzenko +des. 2000” [pink label]) [ +ZISP +] + +. +Additional material. + + +Russia +: + + +Krasnodar +Terr. + +: +Anapa +, + +1 km +S Varvarovka + +( +44°48′18″N +, +37°21′58″E +), + +19. +VI + + + +.2014, +1 ♂ +, leg. M. +V + +. + +Mokrousov +; +Anapa +, +Supsekh +( +44°51′04″N +, +37°20′42″E +), + +8. +VI + + + +.2017, +3 ♀ +, +1 ♂ +, + +16. +VI + + + +.2019, +1 ♂ +, leg. A. +V + +. + +Fateryga +; ibid., + +on + +Dorycnium herbaceum + + +, + +8. +VI + + + +.2017, +1 ♂ +, leg. A. +V + +. + +Fateryga +; ibid., from nests, + +15. +V + + + +.2019, +1 ♂ +, + +15. +VI + + + +.2019, +1 ♀ +, +1 ♂ +, + +18–24. +VI + + + +.2019, +1 ♀ +, leg. A. +V + +. + +Fateryga +[ +CFUS +]; +Anapa +, +Sukko +( +44°47′N +, +37°22′E +) + +, + + +20.VII.2018 + +, +1 ♂ +, leg. +I.B. Popov +; +Kanevskoy Distr. +, +Trud Khutor +( +46°08′N +, +38°31′E +) + +, + + +13.VII.2018 + +, +1 ♂ +, leg. +I.B. Popov +[ +CIPK +] + +. + + +Italy +: + + +Friuli +Venezia Giulia + +: +Trieste +, +Aurisina +, + +28.V–8. +VI + + + +.1970, +2 ♂ +, leg. +E. Bregant +[ +FSCV +] + +. + + +Croatia +: + +Dalmatia +, [18]66, +2 ♀ +, leg. +Erber +[ +ZISP +] + +. + + +Split-Dalmatia County + +: +Hvar +, + +12. +VI + + + +.1962, +1 ♀ +, leg. +J. Gusenleitner +[ +FSCV +] + +. + + +Dubrovnik-Neretva County + +: +Ragusa +[currently +Dubrovnik +], + +VI + + + +.1926, +1 ♂ +, leg. +Meyer +[ +ZISP +] + +. + + +Montenegro +: + +Montenegro +, [18]67, +2 ♀ +, leg. +Erber +[ +ZISP +] + +. + + +Romania +: + + +Constanţa County + +: +Agigea +, + +26. +V + + + +.1968, +1 ♀ +, + +6.VII.1968 + +, +1 ♂ +, + +14.VII.1968 + +, +1 ♂ +, leg. +C. Nagy +[ +FSCV +] + +. + + +Bulgaria +: + + +Burgas Prov. + +: +Sozopol +, + +9.VIII.1966 + +, +1 ♀ +, leg. +W.J. Pulawski +[ +FSCV +] + +. + + +Azerbaijan +: + + +Nakhchivan +Autonomous Republic + + +: + +Ordubad +, +Arax +[River], 1892, +1 ♀ +, leg. +Reitter +[ +ZISP +] + +; + +Babek +, +Goynuk +, +39°18′N +, +45°40′E +, + +1680 m + +, + +12. +VI + +.2019, +1 ♂ +, leg. +M.Yu. Proshchalykin +, +Kh.A. Aliyev, M.M. Maharramov +[ +FSCV +] + +. + + +Turkey +: + + +Konya Prov. + +: +Meram +, + +14. +VI + + + +.1968, +1 ♀ +, leg. +J. Schmidt +[ +FSCV +]. +Country uncertain: +1867, +1 ♂ +, leg. +Erber +[ +ZISP +] + +. + + + + +FIGURES 1–4. + +Odynerus limbiferus +Morawitz, 1867 + +, ♀, lectotype. 1, habitus in dorsal view. 2, habitus in lateral view. 3, head in frontal view. 4, labels. + + + + +Distribution. +Russia +( +Krasnodar +Terr.), +Italy +, +Slovenia +, +Croatia +, +Bosnia and Herzegovina +, +Montenegro +(*new record), +Albania +, North +Macedonia +, +Greece +, +Romania +, +Bulgaria +, +Azerbaijan +(*new record), +Turkey +. The presence of this species in +Ukraine +shown in the “Fauna Europaea” database ( +Gusenleitner 2013b +) is doubtful since it has not been documented by specimen based records. The records from +Armenia +( +Morawitz 1895 +; +Antropov & Fateryga 2017 +) are erroneous (see above). + + +Bionomics. Nesting substrate. +The nesting site of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +( +Fig. 5 +) was described above in the “Material and methods”.All 12 nests were located in empty shells of + +Xeropicta derbentina + +. The shells with the nests were found hidden in dense grass; i.e., there were no nests in shells lying on a bare ground surface near the vole holes. The orientation of the shell opening was various. + + +Nesting activity. +Two nesting females were observed. The first one was noticed on +June 16, 2019 +at 16.20 (solar time). That time, it was sealing the nest. The female flew from the nest and landed on a bare ground surface near a vole hole in about +1 m +from the nest. Then, it began running over the ground investigating the surface with the antennae. After some time (up to a minute), the female found a small pellet of dry soil, took it with the mandibles, and flew back to the nest. At the nest, it simply put the pellet into the shell opening and flew again. Sometimes, the female spent some time at the nest after delivering an earthen pellet. That time, it rearranged the pellets, which had been already put into the nest. The abovementioned activity repeated many times until the shell opening is filled with such pellets of dry soil. After that, the female began to bring gravel particles instead of earthen pellets. It also took them on the bare ground surface near the vole hole. At the nest, the female usually not simply put them onto the pile of the pellets of dry soil but rearranged some pellets and other gravel particles, which had been already brought. For this purpose, the wasp used mandibles and fore legs ( +Fig. 6 +). After a necessary number of the gravel particles had been arranged in the shell opening, the female began sealing slits between them. For this purpose, it licked the earthen pellets, located between the gravel particles, with the proboscis ( +Fig. 7 +). A liquid substance exuding from the glossa moistened the pellets of dry soil and bonded them. The bonded soil received in such a way firmed the gravel particles together. Thus, just the outer part of the cell plug was firmed while the earthen pellets located inside remained unbonded. The female finished its work at 18.15 and flew away. + + +The second nesting female was noticed on +June 27, 2019 +at 13.35. Its nest was at the provisioning stage but it was invaded by ants (see below). Several times, the female arrived to the nest and flew away but without any works. The observations were finished at 14.45. + + +Structure of the nests. +Nests of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +occupied about 1.5 of the shell volution. All of them consisted of one cell. The incomplete nest invaded by ants contained remains of the nest plug as well as remains of the inner layer of the wasp cocoon served as a cell bottom. It means that the females of + +L. limbiferus + +are able to use the shells several times. At the same time, it does not mean that they do not clean the shell prior to use it. The cocoon remains discovered in the abovementioned nest tightly adhered to the shell walls and were hardly removable. There were no loosely lying or not firmly attached remains of the old nest; such materials had been cleaned out by the female. + + +Complete nests were sealed with the plug. Its outer surface contained gravel particles, shell bits, and sometimes also tiny shells firmed with bonded soil ( +Fig. 8 +). A freshly sealed nest contained an egg at the distant end of the cell (approximately in the middle of the second volution of the shell) and the prey in the form of packed small caterpillars. Closer to the shell entrance, the caterpillars were replaced by pellets of dry soil, which lay loosely ( +Fig. 9 +). These pellets completely filled the space between the prey and the outer firmed part of the cell plug; there was no empty space in the nest. + + +The nests with cocoons, however, did not contain the pellets of dry soil; their plugs were represented by the firmed part only ( +Fig. 14 +). It was obvious that the pellets were moved from their original position to the basal (inner) part of the cell by the wasp larva. At the same time, they had been crumbled up and transformed to loose soil. One nest contained a double plug consisted of two equal parts made of gravel firmed with bonded soil. + + +The liquid used by the female wasp to moisten soil probably contained nectar since + +L. limbiferus + +was never recorded collecting water. At the same time, the nest plugs were found to contain monosaccharides, an obligatory component of nectar ( +Fig. 15A +). The same test with nest partitions of + +Syneuodynerus egregius + +provided doubtful result ( +Fig. 15B +). The latter species makes mud by mixing dry soil with regurgitated water and probably saliva (Fateryga, unpubl.), which can contain monosaccharides in trace amounts.Anyway, the test with the nest plugs of + +L. limbiferus + +was clearly positive, although this species uses an order of magnitude less liquid than + +S. egregius + +. + + +Provision. +Caterpillars of three species were stored as the prey. The first nest contained 45 caterpillars ( +Fig. 10 +). Among them, 43 belonged to + +Syncopacma coronillella +(Treitschke) + +( +Lepidoptera +: +Gelechiidae +). They lived on + +Dorycnium pentaphyllum +subsp. +herbaceum + +and wove its leaves to characteristic clusters. Hunting was not observed but it was obvious that to capture a caterpillar, the female wasp gnawed out a hole in such a leaf cluster ( +Fig. 11 +). Two other caterpillars belonged to an unidentified species, probably in the family +Psychidae +. The incomplete nest invaded by ants contained 25 caterpillars: nine of them were + +S. coronillella + +and 16 belonged to another unidentified species, probably also in the family +Gelechiidae +. + + + +FIGURES 5–12. +Bionomics of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +. 5, nesting site. 6–7, a female sealing its nest in a shell of + +Xeropicta derbentina + +. 8, a sealed shell with a nest. 9, dissected shell with the prey and the pellets of dry soil. 10, prey ejected from one nest. 11, leaves of + +Dorycnium pentaphyllum +subsp. +herbaceum + +woven by a caterpillar of + +Syncopacma coronillella + +; the hole is probably made by a female of + +L. limbiferus + +. 12, dissected shell with a prepupa hibernating in the cocoon. Scale bars = 1 cm. + + + +Immature instars and development. +One egg of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +was observed; its size was 2.2×0.7 mm ( +Fig. 13 +). It was suspended by the female wasp on the cell wall with a filament. When the larva hatched from the egg, it immediately began feeding on the stored prey. After consuming all provisions, it spun a cocoon. While doing this, it firstly moved prey feces and all loosely lying soil from the nest plug to the end of the shell cavity. Some gravel particles could be also moved if they were not firmed ( +Fig. 14 +). After that, the larva began spinning the cocoon itself. It consisted of several layers. The outer layer was thin, whitish, and semitransparent; it tightly adhered to the inner walls of the cell except the area where the soil was deposited by the larva. The inner layer was much thicker; it had beige color and was nontransparent. Its volume corresponded to the size of the larva. Lateral walls of the inner cocoon layer were united with the outer layer. Two to three middle layers were present. They looked like almost flat transverse discs located between the nest plug and the cap of the inner layer ( +Fig. 14 +). Similarly to the outer layer, the middle layers were thin, whitish, and semitransparent. All layers of the cocoon consisted of silk strands, which had various width; there were no other material embedded to them. The difference of the inner layer from the other ones was mainly its greater thickness ( +Fig. 16 +). The middle layers, however, also had larger areas of smooth, presumably airtight films of silk ( +Fig. 17 +). The duration of the feeding and the cocooning was not documented. The meconium was located inside the cocoon. After it was discharged onto the bottom of the cell, the larva passed to the prepupal stage and hibernated until the next spring ( +Fig. 12 +). + + + +FIGURES 13–14. +Schematic plan of a nest and the immature instars of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +. 13, an egg. 14, a prepupa in the nest (A, loose soil; B, prey feces; C, gravel particles; D, meconium; E, inner layer of the cocoon; F, outer layer of the cocoon; G, middle layers of the cocoon; H, a tiny shell; I, bonded soil). For clarity, the inner and the outer cocoon layers are shown as detached from the cell walls, whereas in reality they tightly adhere to them in most part of the outer shell walls and on the inner surface of the nest plug. + + + + +FIGURE 15. +Qualitative test for monosaccharides with α-naphthol (A, aqueous extract of nest plugs of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +; B, aqueous extract of nest partitions of + +Syneuodynerus egregius + +; C, aqueous extract of natural clay; D, 0.4% aqueous solution of glucose; E, distilled water); the reddish quinoid compound (arrows), formed at the boundary of the layers of sulfuric acid and the tested solution, indicates the presence of monosaccharides. + + +Four nests with the overwintered wasp progeny were dissected on May 15. One of them contained an adult male gnawing the nest plug. Two other ones contained female and male pupae. The wasps emerged from them in June. The fourth nest contained a prepupa. A female emerged from it at the end of June. Unfortunately, the prepupa from the nest found on June 16 died. The species is probably univoltine. According to the data of the studied collections, adult wasps are active up to the beginning of August (see “Material examined”). + +Reproductive success. +Just four nest cells were successful among 12 studied ones. As noted above, one nest was invaded by ants during the provisioning stage. It was tiny ant of the species + +Plagiolepis pallescens +Forel + +( +Hymenoptera +: +Formicidae +). The ants stolen the wasp egg and tore off fragments from the caterpillars stored in the nest. The female wasp was unable to do anything with this due to very small size of the predators. One of the complete nests with dead progeny contained dead pupa of an anthracine fly ( +Diptera +: +Bombyliidae +) inside the wasp cocoon. Six other nests contained progeny dead for the unknown reason (one larva and five prepupae). It could be stated that the reproductive success amounted 33.3% but the age of the six nests was actually unknown. If they were made by wasp females a year earlier than the other studied nests, it would be incorrect to include them in the reproductive success calculation. + + +Adult feeding. +Specimens of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +were observed feeding on nectar at flowers of five plant species in five families. Females were recorded on + +Tripleurospermum inodorum + +(L.) Sch. Bip. ( +Asteraceae +) ( +Fig. 18 +) and + +Euphorbia seguieriana + +Neck. ( +Euphorbiaceae +). A male was recorded on + +Asperula supina +M. Bieb. (Rubiaceae) + +. Several males were observed feeding on + +Dorycnium pentaphyllum +subsp. +herbaceum + +. Both females and males of + +L. limbiferus + +have rather long proboscis allowing them visiting flowers with nectar hidden inside a corolla tube, such as + +A. supina + +. The wasps (both sexes), however, were also revealed feeding at flowers of an undescribed species of + +Linaria +(Plantaginaceae) + +, which had nectar hidden in the spur, which was much longer than the wasp proboscis. To get the nectar, + +L. limbiferus + +gnawed the spur of + +Linaria + +sp. with the mandibles and then inserted the proboscis into the resulted hole ( +Fig. 19 +). + + +Unusual behavior of adult wasps (both females and males) was also observed. The wasps landed on a rather dry substrate, which did not contain nectar, extended the proboscis, and licked substrate surface with the glossa. Such substrates were various parts of plants, e.g., petals of + +Medicago falcata + +( +Fig. 20 +), fruits of + +Dorycnium pentaphyllum +subsp. +herbaceum + +, rachis of + +Hedysarum tauricum + +, as well as a paper notebook, an air cushion ( +Fig. 21 +), a stick of an entomological net, human skin, and clothes. It could be supposed that such a behavior served to obtain some mineral substance. The duration of such acts was up to 20–30 min. They were, however, periodically interrupted: wasps flew away but then returned again and repeated their action. + + +Male behavior. +Males were observed mainly patrolling the nesting site. They made slow flights across its territory. Doing this, the males periodically (1–2 times per minute) landed on grass or stones. Such a behavior was sometimes interrupted for feeding on flowers or abovementioned licking various substrates. Three times the males were observed landing on shells of + +Xeropicta derbentina + +and investigating them with the antennae. These shells were actually abandoned nests of the wasp since they had remains of the nest plug. A couple of + +Leptochilus limbiferus + +was observed once. Courtship lasted 16 min. It might, however, take actually more time because the wasps had been noticed already together ( +Fig. 22 +). After that, copulation was observed during few seconds but it was probably unsuccessful. One male was found sleeping inside an empty shell of + +X. derbentina + +( +Fig. 23 +) at 17.35 (solar time). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC56FFFFA392FEAFFA7EC695.xml b/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC56FFFFA392FEAFFA7EC695.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..149ebb30c11 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/5E/162B5E54FC56FFFFA392FEAFFA7EC695.xml @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ + + + +First data on the bionomics of Leptochilus (Euleptochilus) limbiferus (Morawitz 1867) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), with taxonomic notes and new records + + + +Author + +Fateryga, Alexander V. +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. + + + +Author + +Popovich, Anton V. +0000-0001-8929-1833 +Environmental Commission, Krasnodar Regional Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, Lenina str. 103 / 64, 350033 Krasnodar, Russia. popovitch. antonio 220386 @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8929 - 1833 +popovitch.antonio220386@yandex.ru + + + +Author + +Podunay, Yulia A. +0000-0002-0519-2908 +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. & yu. podunai @ yandex. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0519 - 2908 +yu.podunai@yandex.ru + + + +Author + +Fateryga, Valentina V. +0000-0002-0031-1955 +Vyazemsky Karadag Scientific Station-Nature Reserve of RAS-Branch of Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nauki str. 24, Kurortnoye vill., 298188 Feodosiya, Russia. & valentina _ vt @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0031 - 1955 +valentina_vt@mail.ru + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-10 + + +4851 + + +2 + + +289 +304 + + + +journal article +8591 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.4 +afab8d69-27e6-4312-b09f-38a84037fbce +1175-5326 +4407518 +6FF8E3AF-89C0-4B90-91B0-9835E6E2246E + + + + + + +Key to subgenera of + +Leptochilus + + + + + + + + + +1 Tergum 2 without apical lamella, its posterior margin either straight or bent upwards; New World species......... + +Zendalia + + + + +- Tergum 2 with apical lamella, which is either straight or bent upwards; Old World species............................ 2 + + + + + +2 Body size more than +12 mm +; setae on scutum longer than scapus width (one species, + +L. mauritanicus + +)..... + +Leptochilus +s. str. + + + + + +- Body size less than +10 mm +; setae on scutum usually shorter than scapus width..................................... 3 + + + + + + +3 Tegula big, more than half of scutellum area...................................................... + +Euleptochilus + + + + +- Tegula smaller, less than half of scutellum area.............................................................. 4 + + + + + +4 Labial palpi with at least 20–30 long setae (not shorter than scapus width) each; palpomere 1 nearly as long as total length of palpomeres 2–4................................................................................ + +Sarochilus + + + + +- Labial palpi with maximum 2–3 long setae each, as well as with numerous minute setae; palpomere 1 distinctly longer than total length of palpomeres 2–4............................................................................... 5 + + + + + +5 Apical lamella of tergum 2 weakly sclerotized, semitransparent, with basal row of punctures in the form of either dots or longitudinal dashes............................................................................... +Lionotulus + + + + +- Apical lamella of tergum 2 strongly sclerotized, nontransparent, with basal row of punctures always in the form of longitudinal dashes................................................................................... + +Neoleptochilus + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/7F/162B7F717D1A6408D46278528B49DE6C.xml b/data/16/2B/7F/162B7F717D1A6408D46278528B49DE6C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..719f7e3101a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/7F/162B7F717D1A6408D46278528B49DE6C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +Checklist of Serengeti Ecosystem Grasses + + + +Author + +Williams, Emma Victoria + + + +Author + +Elia Ntandu, John + + + +Author + +Ficinski, Pawel + + + +Author + +Vorontsova, Maria + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8286 +8286 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8286 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8286 +1314-2828-4-8286 + + + + +Brachiaria rugulosa Stapf + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +DB1194 +; recordNumber: 325; recordedBy: +Kreulen, AR +; Taxon: scientificName: Brachiariarugulosa Stapf; kingdom: Plantae; family: Poaceae; genus: Brachiaria; specificEpithet: rugulosa; scientificNameAuthorship: Stapf; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Tanzania +; stateProvince: Mara; county: Serengeti; locality: +Simiyu +; verbatimLocality: East Simiyu; decimalLatitude: +-2.916667 +; decimalLongitude: +34.8 +; Event: eventDate: +1974-05-10 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +SWRC +; collectionCode: +Herbarium +; ownerInstitutionCode: SWRC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +DB1195 +; recordNumber: 10645; recordedBy: +Greenway, PJ +; Taxon: scientificName: Brachiariarugulosa Stapf; kingdom: Plantae; family: Poaceae; genus: Brachiaria; specificEpithet: rugulosa; scientificNameAuthorship: Stapf; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Tanzania +; stateProvince: Shinyanga; locality: +Naabi Hill +; verbatimLocality: Between Moru Kopjes and Naabi Hill Tracks, Central Plains, Serengeti; minimumElevationInMeters: 1425; decimalLatitude: +-2.883333 +; decimalLongitude: +35.033333 +; Event: eventDate: +1962-05-18 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +SWRC +; collectionCode: +Herbarium +; ownerInstitutionCode: SWRC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +Tanzania, Kenya, Zambia & Zimbabwe + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/87/162B87EFD867575523AA3C435999FA71.xml b/data/16/2B/87/162B87EFD867575523AA3C435999FA71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..619cf851619 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/87/162B87EFD867575523AA3C435999FA71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,670 @@ + + + +Octomeria giordanii (Orchidaceae-Pleurothallidinae), a new species from Brazil and nomenclatural notes on João Barbosa Rodrigues’s species that occurs in Bahia and Minas Gerais + + + +Author + +Santos, Thiago Faria Dos +0000-0002-0707-6345 +Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal), Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Av. 24 A 1515, Bela Vista, 13506 - 900, Caixa Postal 199, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil & Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Politécnico, Jardim das Américas, Curitiba - PR, 81531 - 980. Caixa Postal: 19031, Brazil & thiaguerafaria @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0707 - 6345 +thiaguerafaria@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Menezes, Euler Da Luz Fernandes +0000-0002-1861-9552 +Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Ciências Florestais, Rodovia MGT 367 - Km 583, nº 5.000, Alto da Jacuba, 39100 - 000, Diamantina, MG, Brazil & eulermenezes @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1861 - 9552 +eulermenezes@hotmail.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2023 + +2023-10-17 + + +620 + + +3 + + +235 +243 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.620.3.4 + +journal article +273374 +10.11646/phytotaxa.620.3.4 +4b804019-545b-425a-b48f-42025883c771 +1179-3163 +10012420 + + + + + +Octomeria giordanii +T.F. Santos & E.L.F.Menezes + +, + +sp. nov +. + +( +Figures 1–2 +). + + + + +Type: +— + +BRAZIL +. +Minas Gerais +: +Felício dos Santos +, +Serra do Gavi +„o, + +11 September 2020 + +, rupicolous in the ground near waterfall, + +11.IX.2020 + +, + +E.L.F.Menezes +& + + +S. +C.O. Giordani + +848 ( +holotype +: HDJF 10055!) + +. + + + +O. giordanii + +is most similar to + +O. fusiformis + +but differs by one or rarely two flowers opening successively ( +vs. +congested inflorescence with one to multiple simultaneous flowers blooming). Additionally, + +O. giordanii + +petals are oblong ( +vs. +elliptical to ovate). + + + + +Description:— +Plant 20.0–77.0 mm long, rupicolous, caespitose. Rhizome inconspicuous. Roots 10.0–22.0 mm, cylindrical, flexuous. Ramicauls 1.0–50.0 mm long, erect, cylindrical, thicker at the apex, 3 internodes covered by pale, amplexicaul, glabrous, ephemeral sheaths. Leaves 15.0–65.0 × 5.0– +10.4 mm +, subcylindrical, succulent, erect, several longitudinally grooves present, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence 1–2 flowers in fascicle; inconspicuous floral bracts; flowers pedicelled; pedicel 1.0– +1.1 mm +long., semi-curved; ovary +0.5 mm +long. Sepals whitish to yellowish, pink stained at the apex, glabrous, free, 3 dark rose veins; the dorsal sepal 3.0–4.0 × 1.0– +2.2 mm +, elliptic-lanceolate, apex obtuse to slightly acute; the lateral sepals 3.1–4.2 × +1.1–2.2 mm +, oblong-lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, apex obtuse to slightly acute. Petals whitish to yellowish, pink stained at the apex, glabrous, 3 dark rose veins, 3.0–4.2 × +1.3–2.5 mm +, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, apex slightly acute. Lip 1.8–3.2 × +1.2–2.4 mm +, yellow, dark rose stained, glabrous, trilobed, margin entire, base truncate, concave between a pair of longitudinal parallel calli, which extend from the base of the lateral lobes to more than half of the lip; lateral lobes rounded, margin entire; median lobe oblong to sub-rhombic, apex truncate. Column 1.8–2.0 × 1.0– +1.2 mm +, yellow, rose stained, erect to slightly arched, cylindrical, wings rounded, rostellum present, eight pollinia. + + + + +Distribution and ecology:— + +Octomeria giordanii + +has only been found with rupicolous habit and exposed to the sun in the ground rocks next to a waterfall ( +Figure 3A–C +) in a low elevation area (ca. +730m +) in Felício dos Santos municipality of the +Minas Gerais state +, region inside an ecotone between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Rainforest Biomes in the Serra do Espinhaço. + + + + +Etymology:— +the name of the species is an honor to one of its discoverers, Samuel Cunha Oliveira Giordani. + + + + +FIGURE 1. +“Lankester Composite Dissection Plate (LCDP)” of + +O. giordanii +. + +A. +Habit. +B. +Lateral view of the leaf. +C. +Front view of the flower. +D. +Lateral view of the flower. +E. +Lateral view of the lip attached to the column. +F. +Perianth dissected; frontal view of the flower. (Based on the holotype, and cultivated specimens). + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Octomeria giordanii +A. +Habit. +B. +Lateral + +view of the flower. +C. +Dorsal sepal. +D. +Petal. +E. +Lateral sepal. +F. +Lip. +G. +Lateral view of the lip attached to the column. (Illustration by L.K.R. Hinoshita based on the holotype, and cultivated specimens). + + + + +Conservation status:— +Due to being found only in one place, the species does not have enough information to propose an appropriate conservation status, therefore, we indicate that it should be treated as (DD) category ( +IUCN 2022 +). + + + + +Taxonomic Discussion:— + +O. giordanii + +is most similar to + +O. fusiformis + +. However, they can be differentiated ( +Figure 3 +, +4 +). + +Octomeria giordanii + +typically has one or rarely two flowers opening successively, whereas + +O. fusiformis + +exhibits a congested inflorescence with one to three flowers simultaneously blooming.Additionally, there are differences in the flower morphology. The floral parts of + +O. giordanii + +are smaller, measuring approximately 4.0 × +2.5 mm +each, while those of + +O. fusiformis + +can reach 8.0 × 3.0 mm each. Moreover, the petals of + +O. giordanii + +are oblong, whereas those of + +O. fusiformis + +are elliptical to ovate in shape. In terms of flower coloration, + +O. giordanii + +features pink-stained sepal veins, and the lip displays yellow coloration in the lateral lobes and margin, but is entirely reddish in the inner portion. In contrast, + +O. fusiformis + +exhibits stronger red staining in the sepal veins, and the lip is yellow or white, sometimes with a purple spot in the inner portion or apex. + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Octomeria giordanii + +on its natural environment. +A. +Rock formations exposed to the sun near a waterfall. +B. +Plant in the environment; highlighting the flower. +C. +Plant in the environment; highlighting the rupicolous growth habit. (photographs of + +O. giordanii + +by +E.L.F. Menezes +). + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Octomeria fusiformis + +, photographs and ilustration. +A. +Flower lateral view; ovate petals observable. +B. +Flower frontal view; highlight the flower’s colors. +C. +Luer’s ilustration; highlight the inflorescence with three flowers simultaneously blooming. (photographs of + +O. fusiformis + +by +A.L.V. Toscano de Brito & Wade L. Collier +; and illustration of + +O. fusiformis + +modified from +Luer (2010) +. + + + +Regarding the ecology of these two taxa, + +O. giordanii + +occurs in the Serra do Espinhaço, while + +O. fusiformis + +is found in the Chapada +Diamantina +. Both species are rupicolous, growing exposed to sunlight, and they occur in connected mountain ranges, being part of the Espinhaço mountain range complex. However, there are notable differences in their distribution patterns. + +O. giordanii + +is known from a single location in the state of +Minas Gerais +, at a lower altitude of around 730 meters, in close proximity to a waterfall and far from the mountain summits. Differently, + +O. fusiformis + +is exclusively found in the state of +Bahia +at higher elevations, specifically on the peaks of mountains in the Serra das Almas and Serra do Barbado, at approximately 1900 meters above sea level. + + +Additionally, + +O. giordanii + +has similarities in terms of morphology with the following + +Octomeria +species + +from +Minas Gerais +and +Bahia +: + +O. alexandri +Schlechter (1922: 53) + +; + +O. aloefolia +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1882: 113) + +; + +O. campos-portoi +Schlechter (1922: 291) + +; + +O. decumbens +Cogniaux (1896: 642) + +; + +O. flabellifera +Pabst (1975: 56) + +; + +O. fusiformis +Luer & Toscano (2010: 144) + +; + +O. geraensis +(Barbosa +Rodrigues 1877: 26 +) Barbosa +Rodrigues (1882: 295) + +; + +O.juncifolia +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1882: 110) + +; + +O. leptophylla +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1882: 112) + +; + +O. lithophila +(Barbosa +Rodrigues 1877: 26 +) + +; + +O. ochroleuca +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1877: 31) + +; + +O. palmyrabellae +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1937: 38) + +; + +O. praestans +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1882: 112) + +; + +O. rubrifolia +Barbosa +Rodrigues (1877: 31) + +; + +O. wawrae +Reichenbach ex +Wawra (1888: 156) + +. These taxa can be distinguished morphologically by the following key. + + + + + + +Identification key to + +Octomeria giordanii + +and related species with terete, subterete or conduplicate leaves from +Minas Gerais and Bahia + + + + + + + + + +1. Plants over 45.0 cm long; sheaths of the ramicauls usually thickened ........................................................................... + +O. juncifolia + + + + +- Plants smaller than 45.0 cm long; sheaths of the ramicauls never thickened.....................................................................................2 + + + + +2. Inflorescence with 1–3 flowers ..........................................................................................................................................................3 + + +- Inflorescence with more than 3 flowers .............................................................................................................................................8 + + + + +3. Lip entire ............................................................................................................................................................................................4 + + +- Lip trilobate ........................................................................................................................................................................................5 + + + + + +4. Lip flabellate; two longitudinal calluses in the lip .................................................................................................. + +O. campos-portoi + + + + + +- Lip broadly flabellate; three longitudinal calluses in the lip ......................................................................................... + +O. flabellifera + + + + + + +5. Leaves conduplicate ...........................................................................................................................................................................6 + + +- Leaves terete or subterete .................................................................................................................................................................11 + + + + + +6. Ramicauls thickened in the apex; apex of sepals and petals rounded to slightly acute................................................... + +O. lithophila + + + + +- Ramicauls not thickened in the apex; apex of sepals and petals acuminated.....................................................................................7 + + + + + +7. Lateral sepals free.......................................................................................................................................................... + +O. ochroleuca + + + + + +- Lateral sepals partially connate ....................................................................................................................................... + +O. rubrifolia + + + + + + + +8. Lip narrow oblong, elongated.......................................................................................................................................... + +O. geraensis + + + + +- Lip oblong or elliptic-pandurate, non-elongated ................................................................................................................................9 + + + + + +9. Lip oblong; well-developed lateral lobes; mid lobe narrowed; apex emarginate or truncate .................................. + +O. palmyrabellae + + + + +- Lip oblong or elliptic-pandurate; small to medium size lateral lobes; mid lobe not narrowed; apex rounded................................10 + + + + + +10. Leaves and ramicauls thick; sheaths of the ramicaul strongly imbricate; sepals and petals oblong to linear................. + +O. praestans + + + + + +- Leaves and ramicauls slender; sheaths of the ramicaul loosely arranged; sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate........... + +O. decumbens + + + + + + + +11. Lateral sepals completely connate................................................................................................................................. + +O. leptophylla + + + + +- Lateral sepals free.............................................................................................................................................................................12 + + + + +12. Sepals and petals apex strongly acuminate ......................................................................................................................................13 + + +- Sepals and petals apex obtuse or acute.............................................................................................................................................14 + + + + + +13. Plants smaller than 5.0 cm; leaves with an acuminate apex; margin of the lip slightly fimbriated .................................. + +O. aloefolia + + + + + +- Plants larger than 5.0 cm; leaves with a rounded to slightly acute apex; margin of the lip entire ..................................... + +O. wawrae + + + + + + + +14. Leaves and ramicauls slender; petals obovate-lanceolate ............................................................................................... + +O. alexandri + + + + +- Leaves and ramicauls thick; petals other formats.............................................................................................................................15 + + + + + +15. Inflorescence with 1–3 flowers opening simultaneously; floral parts approximately 7.0 mm; petals ovate to elliptical .................... ......................................................................................................................................................................................... + +O. fusiformis + + + + + +- Inflorescence with 1 to rarely 2 flowers opening successively; floral parts approximately 4.0 mm; petals oblong to oblonglanceolate.......................................................................................................................................................................... + +O. giordanii + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/9B/162B9B02345E1D459983F9E27746F9FD.xml b/data/16/2B/9B/162B9B02345E1D459983F9E27746F9FD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eec484cdd81 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/9B/162B9B02345E1D459983F9E27746F9FD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Imagos of Camelobaetidius francischettii Salles, Andrade & Da-Silva (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) + + + +Author + +Boldrini, Rafael + + + +Author + +Salles, Frederico Falcão + + + +Author + +Pes, Ana Maria Oliveira + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2476 + + +65 +68 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.294007 +ef0e749b-1241-4d9d-9688-652c6badfeb7 +1175-5326 +294007 + + + + + + + +Camelobaetidius francischettii +Salles, Andrade & Da-Silva, 2005 + + + + + +( +Figs. 1–7 +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2B/DB/162BDB690A83E7B8B825BCB2A7B850A4.xml b/data/16/2B/DB/162BDB690A83E7B8B825BCB2A7B850A4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7b707a9e991 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2B/DB/162BDB690A83E7B8B825BCB2A7B850A4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="6E0188F738B3BA2DB9DAE24568325B7D" pageId="null" pageNumber="660" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="8DE0987177F7E4BF6C20D760ADE34778" pageId="null" pageNumber="660"> +<taxonomicName id="6C9F422D2C8F4C2F3C165EB078465E11" authority="L." class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="null" pageNumber="660" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viminalis"> +Salix +<normalizedToken id="F26882C1E2712871782EFC091D6BD446" originalValue="viminális" pageId="null" pageNumber="660">viminalis</normalizedToken> +<authorityName id="58E8AE2C3944989B66212F04608837F1" pageId="null" pageNumber="660">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="8A28307F3F3F899F9E64615287A871EE" pageId="null" pageNumber="660" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="44C6938354CF924254EB07E89C566BF6" pageId="null" pageNumber="660">Korb-Weide</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Strauch, seltener Baum (2-10 m hoch). Zweige wie bei + +S. Elaeagnos + +(Nr. 7). +Blaetter +in +Groesse +und Form wie jene von + +S. Elaeagnos + +(Nr. 7), +unterseits jedoch dicht mit anliegenden +, ++/- + +parallelen, zur Hauptsache in der Richtung der Seitennerven orientierten, kurzen Haaren besetzt und deshalb silberig +glaenzend +; + +Rand ebenfalls nach unten eingerollt, ohne oder mit +Druesen +; Blattstiel bis 1 cm lang. +Nebenblaetter +(nur an Langtrieben) schmal lanzettlich. +Bluetenstaende +erscheinen vor den +Blaettern +; sie sind auffallend dicht seidig behaart. +Tragblaetter +schwarzbraun, +gegen den Grund +heller, +ueberall +dicht mit geraden Haaren bedeckt, die etwa so lang sind wie die spitzen oder stumpfen +Tragblaetter +. + +Staubfaeden +frei, kahl; + +Staubbeutel gelb bis braunrot. +Fruechte +3-6 mm lang, +dicht und kurz behaart; +Narben bis auf +1/2 +2-4teilig. + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n = 38: +Material aus botanischen +Gaerten +; Meiose in beiden Geschlechtern untersucht, XY-Chromosomenpaar in ♂ Pflanzen (Blackburn und Harrison 1924); Material aus Japan (Sinoto 1928Sinoto 1929), aus Skandinavien ( +Hakansson +1929a, Marklund in Holmberg 1931), aus botanischen +Gaerten +(Wilkinson 1944). + + +Standort. +Kollin und montan. Sandig-schlickige Alluvionen, wenig +ueber +der Uferlinie des mittleren Sommerwasserstandes ( +Salicetum triandro-viminalis +Lohmeyer 1952). Oft als Korbweide angepflanzt. + + +Verbreitung. Eurasiatische Pflanze: +Europa +(im Mediterrangebiet und in Skandinavien wahrscheinlich nur angepflanzt), Asien ( +Suedgrenze +durch den Himalaja, +ostwaerts +bis Japan); in Nordamerika angepflanzt. - Im Gebiet verbreitet, nicht +haeufig +(meist kultiviert). Kommt im Tessin wahrscheinlich nicht vor ( +Duebi +in lit. 1963). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2C/76/162C76D5FEF5E531C2ED576CFAE44E8D.xml b/data/16/2C/76/162C76D5FEF5E531C2ED576CFAE44E8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4270fe625c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2C/76/162C76D5FEF5E531C2ED576CFAE44E8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Euceros serricornis Haliday, 1839 + + + + +egregius +Holmgren, 1857 + + +grandicornis +Holmgren, 1857 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2C/87/162C87ACDA47C01A11EB2BDBAD30FF99.xml b/data/16/2C/87/162C87ACDA47C01A11EB2BDBAD30FF99.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..688fb15cb26 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2C/87/162C87ACDA47C01A11EB2BDBAD30FF99.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828--8050 + + + + +Xylocopa (Xylocopa) violacea (Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + +Apis violacea +Linnaeus, 1758 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2C/E4/162CE4A29795BA725C9C6F5B021CA2B5.xml b/data/16/2C/E4/162CE4A29795BA725C9C6F5B021CA2B5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c71df1f0092 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2C/E4/162CE4A29795BA725C9C6F5B021CA2B5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +The millipede Typhloglomeriscaucasica Golovatch, 1975 found epigeically (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridellidae) + + + +Author + +Golovatch, Sergei + + + +Author + +Chumachenko, Yuri A. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +981 +981 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e981 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e981 +1314-2828--981 + + + +Rank: SpeciesType of treatment: Redescription or species observationextantHabitat: terrestrialRoot classification: 8 + + + +Typhloglomeris caucasica Golovatch, 1975 + + + +Materials +Type status: Other material + +Occurrence: recordedBy: +Y. A. Chumachenko +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Taxon: kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Diplopoda; order: Glomerida; family: Glomeridellidae; genus: Typhloglomeris; specificEpithet: caucasica; scientificNameAuthorship: Golovatch, 1975; Location: country: +Russia +; stateProvince: Sochi; verbatimLocality: Khosta, Caucasian Biosphere Nature Reserve; Event: samplingProtocol: +pitfall trapping +; eventDate: + +14 July - 10 August 2006 + +; habitat: Taxus & Buxus relict forest; Record Level: institutionCode: +Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, Russia + + + +Discussion + +The recent discovery of +Typhloglomeris caucasica +in a pitfall trap in forest near Sochi indicates that the ecological status of this species is a troglophile, not a troglobite, when it occurs in caves in the same area. This record emphasizes the need to carefully collect near and outside caves when assessing the degree of cavernicoly of endogean animals. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2C/E7/162CE7BAB56A5C419263B85DA1875A18.xml b/data/16/2C/E7/162CE7BAB56A5C419263B85DA1875A18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c75a12d1af6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2C/E7/162CE7BAB56A5C419263B85DA1875A18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + +New and little-known ant species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Lapeva-Gjonova, Albena +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0811-0768 +Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria +gjonova@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Borowiec, Lech +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-6855 +University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2022 + +2022-05-09 + + +10 + + +83658 +83658 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e83658 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e83658 +1314-2828-10-e83658 +C33F801C97145BC88E468726BE249165 + + + + +Hypoponera eduardi (Forel, 1894) + + + +Distribution + +New records: Maleshevska Mt., Dobri laki vill., 30.07.-20.08.2002, pitfall traps, 1 m., leg. T. Ljubomirov; Thracian Plane, Bodrovo vill., 03.03.2010, collected by suction sampler, 1 w., leg. ALG. Detailed occurrence data: +Lapeva-Gjonova and Borowiec (2022) +. + + + +Notes + +This Mediterranean species was reported from Bulgaria just once in the region of Petrich ( +Atanassov and Dlussky 1992 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2D/8C/162D8CA84404096945BE69CDCC2ED2F0.xml b/data/16/2D/8C/162D8CA84404096945BE69CDCC2ED2F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e971a5ef0a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2D/8C/162D8CA84404096945BE69CDCC2ED2F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Description of six new species of Lycocerus Gorham (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with taxonomic note and new distribution data of some other species + + + +Author + +Yang, Yuxia + + + +Author + +Su, Junyan + + + +Author + +Yang, Xingke + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +456 + + +85 +107 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.456.8465 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.456.8465 +1313-2970-456-85 +71EC0955E0A648A888AE9C4F1E3BD53D +71EC0955E0A648A888AE9C4F1E3BD53D + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Cantharidae + + + +Lycocerus ruficornis (Wittmer, 1995) + + + + +Athemus (s. str.) ruficornis +Wittmer, 1995: 232, Figs 77, 180. + + + +Type material examined. + +Holotype: 1♂ (NHMB): [p]"THAI, 10.-16.V.1991 \ Chiang Dao 600m \ +15°24'N +98°55'E +\ Vit +Kubaň +leg.", [p]"Thailand 91 \ Thanon Thong Chai \ D. +Kral +& V. +Kubaň" +, [h]" +Athemus +\ +ruficornis +\ Wittm. \ det. W. Wittmer", [p] +"HOLOTYPUS" +, [p]" +CANTHARIDAE +\ CANTH00002524". + + + +Additional material examined. + +CHINA, Yunnan: 1♂ (IZAS): Xishuangbanna, +Meng'a +, 1050-1080m, 2.V.1958, leg. Shu-Yong Wang; 1♀ (IZAS): Xishuangbanna, Xiaomengyang, 850m, 8.VII.1957, leg. Ling-Chao Zang. [MYANMAR]: 2♂♂ (MCSNG): Burma, Tenasserim, +Thagala +, IV.1887, Fea. + + + +Distribution. +China (new record: Yunnan); Myanmar (new record); Thailand. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2D/8F/162D8F387C1C0F487CC6A06455DC1F86.xml b/data/16/2D/8F/162D8F387C1C0F487CC6A06455DC1F86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e36a6b335f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2D/8F/162D8F387C1C0F487CC6A06455DC1F86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Halticoptera letitiae Askew, 1972 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2D/E2/162DE2BED06B7053DB6C676D95421961.xml b/data/16/2D/E2/162DE2BED06B7053DB6C676D95421961.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9c0ac4cf2e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2D/E2/162DE2BED06B7053DB6C676D95421961.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Thornhill, Robert + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Lindbo, David + + + +Author + +Stucky, Jon + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1099 +1099 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 +1314-2828-2-1099 + + + + +Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl. + + + +Distribution +Wet pine savannas (SPS-RF). + + +Notes + +Jul-Sep +. Reported from Shaken Creek Preserve by +LeBlond (2000) +, but no specimens have been seen by the senior author. Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run [Neck]: Taggart SARU 441 (WNC!). [= +Habenaria ciliaris +(L.) R. Br. sensu RAB; = FNA, Weakley] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/22/162E22B11050C282ED6A3B755323598B.xml b/data/16/2E/22/162E22B11050C282ED6A3B755323598B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fc94bea651c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/22/162E22B11050C282ED6A3B755323598B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +The Maugean Skate, Zearaja maugeana sp. nov. (Rajiformes: Rajidae) - a micro-endemic, Gondwanan relict from Tasmanian estuaries. + + + +Author + +Peter R. Last + + + +Author + +Daniel C. Gledhill + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1494 + + +45 +65 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:57773595-4E06-41A2-A2DA-A4B3E5FADA74 + +journal article +z01494p045 + + + + +[[ +Zearaja maugeana +sp. nov. +]] + + + +Tasmania’s coast is geomorphologically and hydrologically complex and displays a rich array of marine habitats within a comparatively small geographic area. Perhaps the most unusual of these environments is the biologically complex region known as Port Davey (Figure 1), a ria estuary (i.e. derived from a drowned river valley) that is now a marine national park (Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service 2006). This remote estuary, which is embedded in the 1.4 million ha Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area in southwestern Tasmania, encompasses about 20% of the Tasmanian landmass. It includes a large coastal inlet that extends inland as a 12 km long channel (Bathurst Channel) leading to a 40 km2 estuarine basin (Bathurst Harbour). The biota of the channel, about 50 m deep and permanently stratified, is unlike that found anywhere else around Australia, sharing superficial affinities with the fiords of Patagonia and southern New Zealand (Edgar et al. in press) High tannin loadings released from runoff over button-grass plains eliminate light in shallow depths. Consequently, coastal algal communities found typically elsewhere in the region are replaced by rich and unusual invertebrate communities, elements of which are related to animals usually found deeper offshore on the adjacent continental slope. Bathurst Harbour is uniformly shallow (10 m or less), very silty, and its waters are fully mixed, strongly tannic, and oligo-mesohaline (salinity usually less than 10 ppt). Its epibenthos is relatively depauperate but until recently, remained largely undiscovered. + +In the spring of 1988, then Tasmanian University ecologist, Graham Edgar, conducted a preliminary biological and hydrological survey of the region. Using a gill net, he collected an unidentified long-snouted skate from brackish water in Bathurst Harbour. Unfortunately, the specimen was discarded. Of the 228 or so species of skates known world-wide at the time (McEachran & Miyake 1990), all were considered to be marine. In Tasmania, only +D. lemprieri +had been observed or caught in estuaries (including the Port Davey system), and then only in fully marine habitats at the estuary mouth. Furthermore, all four species of +Dipturus +known from the continental shelf of Tasmania were short-snouted species. Observations on local skate distributions were based on a decade of marine resource surveys and comprehensive data from commercial fishery catches, so the collection of an unidentified coastal skate so far into brackish water was puzzling. + + +In February the following year, Edgar returned to Port Davey and was able to collect a second specimen also using a gill net. The 706 mm TL mature male was indeed long-snouted and differed from all other inshore skates, being morphologically similar to local deepwater +Dipturus +species, +D. gudgeri (Whitley 1940) +and +D. sp. J +(sensu Last and Stevens 1994) from the adjacent continental slope. This skate, subsequently referred to as the Maugean skate, +Raja sp. L +(sensu Last and Stevens 1994), does not seem to be common in the Port Davey estuary. Only two more specimens have ever been collected and one more observed by divers, all from the dark tannic brackish waters of Bathurst Harbour, despite considerable survey effort over the next few years and more than 100 hours of underwater observation. + +Fortunately, the Maugean skate is not confined to Bathurst Harbour. Macquarie Harbour, a large estuarine bay immediately to the north of Port Davey, also has large expanses of tannin stained, oligohaline brackish water at its inland extremity. In July 1994, CSIRO technician Mark Lewis, collected 5 more specimens (of which only one was retained) in almost total freshwater in the upper reaches of this estuary. The species appears to be more abundant and widespread in Macquarie Harbour than Port Davey. Specimens have also been collected near the harbour entrance but have not been taken from fully marine habitats nearby. Only nine individuals reside in biological collections in Australia and another 14 specimens have been collected by postgraduate, M. Treloar for ecological research. Consequently, given the relatively narrow geographic range of the Maugean skate and its apparent small population, it has raised serious conservation concerns. It has now been listed as Endangered in the IUCN 2000 Red List assessment (Cavanagh et al. 2003), by the Australian Environment and Biodiversity Conservation Act (Commonwealth Department of the Environment and Heritage2006), and by the Tasmanian Government (Department of Primary Industries and Water 2006). + +The Maugean skate belongs to a group of skates that includes +Raia chilensis Guichenot, 1848 +, and + +Raja nasuta +Mueller +and Henle 1841 + +. These nominal species have been assigned to the genus +Dipturus Rafinesque +by McEachran and Dunn (1998) but conform more closely to the currently unrecognised genus, +Zearaja Whitley +. In the following paper, the Maugean skate is formally described, the genus +Zearaja +resurrected, and its possible origin and relationships to other +Dipturus-like +skates briefly discussed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87A7FF92FFD9FEFCFF93FDA2CD3D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87A7FF92FFD9FEFCFF93FDA2CD3D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ffd20f747c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87A7FF92FFD9FEFCFF93FDA2CD3D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +Notas sobre las mantis (Insecta: Mantodea) de Chile: síntesis basada en la literatura y en la plataforma iNaturalist + + + +Author + +Román de la Fuente, Tomás + +text + + +Revista Chilena de Entomología + + +2023 + +Rev. Chil. Entomol. + + +2023-01-31 + + +49 + + +1 + + +5 +10 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.49.1.23.02 + +journal article +10.35249/rche.49.1.23.02 +0718-8994 +DD936280-0A23-4048-927C-E8DAD10AFFF4 + + + + + + + +Musonia margheritae +(Battison y Picciau, 2008 + +) + + + +(Fig. 2) + + + + +Musoniella margheritae +Battison y Picciau, 2008 + +(combinación original) + + += + +Musonia margharethae +(Battison y Picciau, 2008) + +(grafía posterior incorrecta) + + += + +Musonia margarethae +(Battison y Picciau, 2008) + +(grafía posterior incorrecta) + + +DS: +Chile +, +Ecuador +, +Perú +. + + +DN: +( +AP +) Arica. + + + +Figura 1. +Mapa de distribución provincial de + +Musonia margheritae + +(azul) y + +Coptopteryx gayi + +(amarillo) / Provincial distribution map of + +Musonia margheritae + +(blue) and + +Coptopteryx gayi + +(yellow). + + + +Figura 2. +Machos de + +Musonia margheritae +(Battison y Picciau) + +fotografiados en las cercanías de la desembocadura del río Lluta (Provincia de Arica, +Región de Arica y Parinacota +). Fotografías de: Matías Gargiulo. / Males of + +Musonia margheritae +(Battison and Picciau) + +photographed near the mouth of the Lluta river (Arica Province, +Arica y Parinacota Region +). Photos by: Matías Gargiulo. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87A7FF93FFDFFE7AFBB3FC88C9F1.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87A7FF93FFDFFE7AFBB3FC88C9F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c61a14b3ddc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87A7FF93FFDFFE7AFBB3FC88C9F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ + + + +Notas sobre las mantis (Insecta: Mantodea) de Chile: síntesis basada en la literatura y en la plataforma iNaturalist + + + +Author + +Román de la Fuente, Tomás + +text + + +Revista Chilena de Entomología + + +2023 + +Rev. Chil. Entomol. + + +2023-01-31 + + +49 + + +1 + + +5 +10 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.49.1.23.02 + +journal article +10.35249/rche.49.1.23.02 +0718-8994 +10994856 +DD936280-0A23-4048-927C-E8DAD10AFFF4 + + + + + + + +Coptopteryx gayi +( +Blanchard, 1851 +) + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 3 +) + + + + + +Mantis +gayi +Blanchard, 1851 + +(combinación original) + + += + +Mantis +crenaticollis +Blanchard, 1851 + + + += + +Coptopteryx crenaticollis +( +Blanchard, 1851 +) + + + += + +Mantis +grisea +Philippi, 1863 + + + += + +Coptopteryx grisea +( +Philippi, 1863 +) + + + += + +Coptopteryx minuta +Giglio-Tos, 1915 + + + += + +Coptopteryx rehni +Giglio-Tos, 1915 + + + += + +Brachypteromantis bonariensis +Piza, 1960 + + + + + +DS: +Argentina +, +Brasil +, +Chile +, +Paraguay +, +Uruguay +. + + +DN (por regiones y provincias): +( +TA +) +Tamarugal +; ( +AN +) +El Loa +; ( +AT +) +Chañaral +, +Copiapó +; (CO) +Choapa +, +Elqui +, +Limarí +; (VA) +Los Andes +, +Marga Marga +, +Petorca +, +Quillota +, +San Antonio +, +San Felipe de Aconcagua +, +Valparaíso +; ( +RM +) +Chacabuco +, +Cordillera +, + +Maipo +, +Melipilla +, +Santiago + +, +Talagante +; (LI) +Cachapoal +, +Cardenal Caro +, +Colchagua +; ( +ML +) +Cauquenes +, +Curicó +, +Linares +, +Talca +; ( +NB +) +Diguillín +, +Itata +; (BI) +Biobío, Concepción +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383191F3FFA7DFE6CFB15FEC6.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383191F3FFA7DFE6CFB15FEC6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b9103100f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383191F3FFA7DFE6CFB15FEC6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Trapezia + + + + + +Tetralia + + + + + + +Tetraloides +Quadrella +Hexagonalia +Domecia +Philippicarcinus +Calocarcinus +Sphenomerides +Jonesius + + + + +Palmyria +Maldivia +Cymo + + + + +Xantho + + + + +Etisus + + + + +Tweedia + + + + +Panopeus +Pilumnus +Potamon Va +r u n a + + + +0 200000100 0 101110120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 +100100 +10010 0 222001200 1101100100 0 0 0 2000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 0 1020 1101000110 0 111000100 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1110 10020 0 222101101 1000110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1011 0 110001100 0 0 0 0 1 2222101011 1101000011 0 0 0 2002011 0 111001100 10001 2222101011 1101000011 0 0 0 2002011 0 111001100 10001 1222101101 1000110000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1110 1110001100 0 0 0 0 1 1222101100 1000110100 0 0 10001110 1110001100 0 0 0 0 1 1012111100 0 0 0 1000011 0 110111001 0 110011121 0 0 0 11 2222101201 1100110010 0 0 0 1000000 0 110001000 0 0 0 21 2222101201 1100110000 0 0 0 1000000 0 110001000 0 0 0 11 2222001101 1100110100 0 0 0 0 0 0 1100 0 0 10001100 0 0 0 0 1 2222101100 1101000020 0 0 12000000 0 110000120 10010 2022101100 1101000000 0 110111000 0 110010121 100?0 2222101100 1101000020 0 0 12000000 0 110000120 10010 1111110000 1111110001 1011010000 0 0 10100010 11100 0 0 0 1100100 0 110111121 0 0 11000000 0 0 0 0 +100110 +10000 0 201000100 0 110110001 1000000000 0 0 0 0 +100110 +0 1100 0 101100200 1100110101 1110000000?010100120 0 1100 0 0 0 1000100 0 110111120 0 0 0 1000000 0 0 0 0 +101000 +11100 0 0 0 1010100 0 100000101 0 0 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0 10000000 10001 2012101011 1101000120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1100 10020 2212100000 1001000120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100000 11101 +APPENDIX 2. +Unambiguous character state reconstructions for each branch. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383411F67FA7DFC14FAABF8BE.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383411F67FA7DFC14FAABF8BE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..48dd0b2497e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383411F67FA7DFC14FAABF8BE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,363 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Tetralia muta +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + + + + + + + + + +Cancer mutus + +Linnaeus, 1758 +: 625 + + +. + + + + + +Tetralia armata + +Dana, 1852 +: 264 + + +, pl. 16, fig. 4. + + + + +Tetralia vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988: 146 + +, figs. 1C, 2B, 3C, 4C, 4H, 6C. + + + + +Remarks +. + +Cancer mutus +Linnaeus, 1758 + +, is a name which has hardly been used since 1758. When naming this species, Linnaeus described it as having a brown frontal margin and a smooth carapace with a flattened, truncated posterior margin ("... +thorace laevi integerrimo, margine antico transverso brunneo ... postice complanato­truncata +..." ( +Linnaeus, 1758: 625 +). The name was subsequently used by Herbst (1783: 116), who merely listed this species, but without any figures. This species was then forgotten until the name was used again by +Sakai (1999: 14) +, this time for a dromiid. +Sakai (1999: pl. 4A, fig. F) +figured a specimen in the Zoologisch Museum, Humboldt­Universität, Berlin which apparently had been identified and labelled as " + +Conchoecetes mutus +Linnaeus, 1758 + +". The specimen figured is clearly conspecific with + +Conchoecetes intermedius +Lewinsohn, 1984 + +, as currently understood and bears absolutely no resemblance to the description of +Linnaeus (1758) +. Clearly, Herbst (or someone else) had misidentified the Berlin specimen and +Sakai (1999) +had followed suit without question. The +type +specimen(s) of + +Cancer mutus +Linnaeus, 1758 + +, is no longer extant (S. H. Tan, pers. comm.). + + +The characters noted by +Linnaeus (1758) +for + +Cancer mutus + +are clearly that of a + +Tetralia + +(or + +Tetraloides + +). He recorded it from the Mediterranean with doubt. This is important as the Mediterranean does not have any known records of trapeziids or tetraliids, and this probably confused workers or caused them to ignore the name. In the present instance, we believe that the locality data Linnaeus obtained was incorrect. Certainly there is no crab we know of from the Mediterranean which has the characters Linnaeus described for + +C. mutus + +. + + +The characters enumerated by Linnaeus, although brief, clearly indicate that + +C. mutus + +could be one of the following recognised trapeziid species: + +Tetralia armata +Dana, 1852 + +, + +Tetralia vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988 + +, or + +Tetraloides nigrifrons +( +Dana, 1852 +) + +. + + + + + +Tetralia armata +Dana, 1852 + +, itself is a problem, especially since the +type +is lost. Although described from +Tonga +in the central Pacific Ocean, the name has somehow been ignored by almost all workers, even though Dana provided a reasonably detailed description (for the time) and an uncoloured figure. It was described as "pale, with anterior margin brownish black" ( +Dana 1852: 264 +). The specimen illustrated by +Dana (1852 +: pl. 16, figs. 4 a–c) was a juvenile or small adult with one anterolateral spine on each side of the carapace and two pointed spines on the inner side of each cheliped carpus. Dana's drawing also showed the outer margin of the cheliped merus having thin, spine­like teeth. The colour pattern and morphological characters of + +T. armata + +are shared with + +T. vanninii + +, which has been collected through most the +Indo +–West Pacific region (see +Castro 1997b +: 113, fig. 1; 1999b: 103). + +Tetralia vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988 + +, is thus likely to be a junior subjective synonym of + +T. armata +Dana, 1852 + +. + + +All of the characters used to describe + +C. mutus + +, most particularly the brown frontal margin, could also apply to + +Tetraloides nigrifrons +( +Dana, 1852 +) + +, although the brown frontal margin of this species often extends along the anterolateral sides of the carapace. + + + + +Therefore, as things are, the name + +Cancer mutus +Linnaeus, 1758 + +, can be used for either + +Tetralia armata +Dana, 1852 + +(= + +Tetralia vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988 + +) or + +Tetraloides nigrifrons +( +Dana, 1852 +) + +. + +Tetraloides nigrifrons +( +Dana, 1852 +) + +, however, is a relatively common species and the name has been used more frequently used by taxonomists and ecologists than either + +T. armata + +or + +T. vanninii + +. In addition, + +Tetraloides nigrifrons + +is also the designated +type +species of + +Tetraloides +Galil, 1986 + +. Since the name + +T. vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988 + +, has to be replaced by the senior but hardly used name + +T. armata +Dana, 1852 + +, anyway, and since this species is generally less common, replacing both names with + +Cancer mutus +Linnaeus, 1758 + +, seems to be the most parsimonious action to take and will cause the least problems for taxonomy. + + +To this effect, we hereby select an ovigerous female specimen (ZRC 2000.2330; cl 8.0 mm, cw 8.8 mm) from Pago Bay, +Guam +( +13º30’N +, +144º40’E +), +Mariana Islands +, as the +neotype +for both + +T. armata + +and + +C. mutus + +. It was collected by G. Paulay from + +Acropora + +at a depth of +20–25 m +on +1 May 1997 +. + +Cancer mutus +Linnaeus, 1758 + +, and + +Tetralia armata +Dana, 1852 + +, thus become objective synonyms. The +holotype +of + +T. vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988 + +, a male specimen from +Somalia +, western Indian Ocean, is supposedly extant (ZMF 1263) but is now apparently lost or misplaced. It has been unsuccessfully searched in Florence by the first author and more recently by S. Trautwein (pers. comm.). In the event future studies show that the Indian and Pacific Ocean populations of + +Tetralia muta +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +are separate taxa, the name + +T. vanninii +Galil & Clark, 1988 + +, is still available. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFA19FCDDF8C3.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFA19FCDDF8C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5f2082637e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFA19FCDDF8C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Family + +Trapeziidae +Miers, 1886 + + + + + +Trapezides +Milne Edwards, 1862 +: 40 (French vernacular, name invalid). + + + + +Trapeziden +Nauck, 1880 +: 64 ( +German +vernacular, name invalid). + + + + + + +Trapeziinae + +Miers, 1886 +: 163 + + +(part); + +Borradaile 1902 +: 238 + +(part); + +Klunzinger 1913 +: 304 + +(part); + +Balss 1922 +: 133 + +(part); 1957: 1653 (part); + +Sakai 1976 +: 506 + +(part); + +Dai & Yang, 1991 +: 262 + +, 379 (part). + + + + +Trapeziidae +— + +Ortmann 1893 +: 430 + +(part); 1897: 201 (part); + +Guinot 1978 +: 275 + +(part); + +Serène 1984 +: 265 + +(part); Ng 1998: 1074 (key), 1081 (part); + +Martin & Davis 2001 +: 75 + +(part); + +Davie 2002 +: 493 + +(part). + + + +Trapezioida — +Alcock 1898 +: 177, 217 (part). + + + + +Type +genus — + +Trapezia +Latreille, 1828 + +(by monotypy) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFCC6FDB4FAC3.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFCC6FDB4FAC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2c95b59ffa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFCC6FDB4FAC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Tetraloides nigrifrons +( +Dana, 1852 +) + +(Plate 2B) + + + + + + + + +Tetralia nigrifrons + +Dana, 1852 +: 83 + + +, pl. 16, figs. 2a (colour)—d. + + + + + +Tetralia nigrifrons + +forma +lissodactyla + +Serène & Dat, 1957 +: 283 + +, pl. 1. + + + + + +Remarks +. Dana's +type +material is lost. Since this is the +type +species of + +Tetraloides +Galil, 1986 + +, and there is the possibility that it may be confused with species like + +T. muta +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +(see discussion for that species), it is best that a +neotype +be selected. The +type +locality is Pukapuka +Island +(= Honden +Island +) in the Tuamotu Archipelago, +French Polynesia +( +Dana, 1852: 263 +). A male (MNHN­B 25322; cl 8.2 mm, cw 8.9 mm; Plate 2B) from Fangataufa Atoll (22° +11.3S +, 138° +45.1W +), Tuamotu Archipelago, is herein designated as the +neotype +of + +Tetralia nigrifrons +Dana, 1852 + +. It was collected by J. Poupin from + +Acropora + +on +4 May 1997 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFE94FBCEFD01.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFE94FBCEFD01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f4836ebc036 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383421F65FA7DFE94FBCEFD01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Tetraloides heterodactyla +( +Heller, 1861 +) + + + + + + + + + +Tetralia heterodactyla + +Heller, 1861 +: 14 + + +. + + + + + +Tetralia pubescens + +Klunzinger, 1913 +: 316 + + +, pl. 7, fig. 15. + +Tetralia nigrifrons + +forma + +fusca + +Serène & Dat, 1957 +: 290 + + +. + +Tetralia nigrifrons + +forma +cyanea + +Serène & Dat, 1957 +: 116 + +. + + + + + +Remarks +. + +Tetralia nigrifrons + +forma +cyanea +Serène & Dat, 1957 +( +type +locality +Vietnam +), is almost certainly identical with + +Tetraloides heterodactyla +Heller, 1861 + +. +Serène & Dat (1957) +described the taxon as having bright blue spots on the ambulatory legs ("... +le vif de ses taches bleues sur les péreiopodes +)", a diagnostic characterisation of live or freshly preserved specimens ( +Castro 1997b: 46 +). The +type +material (a female +lectotype +and a female +paralectotype +, NMV 11a) is in the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383431F64FA7DFA74FAA6F8A0.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383431F64FA7DFA74FAA6F8A0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..53761233120 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383431F64FA7DFA74FAA6F8A0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Tetraloides + + + + + + + + +1 + + + + +­ + +Dorsal surface of carapace with dark brown anterior portion (Plate 2B; also see +Castro 1997a +: pl. 1, fig. F [colour]; +Jones & Morgan 2002 +: 178 [colour]). Ambulatory legs of live specimens with white or tan spots. Lower margin of smaller chela entire ............. .................................................................................................................... + +T. nigrifrons + +Dorsal surface of carapace with light brown (see +Castro 1997b +: pl. 1, fig. B [colour]). Ambulatory legs of live specimens with blue spots (black in preserved specimens). Lower margin of smaller chela serrated .............................................. + +T. heterodactyla + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383431F64FA7DFE93FE71FE6D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383431F64FA7DFE93FE71FE6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bffaf217228 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383431F64FA7DFE93FE71FE6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Tetraloides +Galil, 1986 + + + + + + + + +Tetraloides +Galil, 1986: 68 + +( +type +species + +Tetralia nigrifrons +Dana, 1852 + +, by original designation; gender masculine) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383441F63FA7DFE93FE9FFC91.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383441F63FA7DFE93FE9FFC91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a36155888b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383441F63FA7DFE93FE9FFC91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to extant species of + +Tetralia + + + + + + + + +1 + + + +­ + + + + +2 + + + +­ +3 ­ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383441F66FA7DFA66FC4EFCCE.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383441F66FA7DFA66FC4EFCCE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ec258092441 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383441F66FA7DFA66FC4EFCCE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,580 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Tetralia glaberrima +(Herbst, 1790) + +(Plate 1D, E, 2A) + + + + + + + +Cancer glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790: 262 + +, pl. 20, fig. 115 (colour) (see Plate 2C). + + + + +Trapezia integra + +Latreille, 1828 +: 696 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia serratifrons +Jacquinot, in Hombron & Jacquinot 1846 + +: pl. 4, fig. 20 (colour)—23; Jacquinot, in + +Lucas 1853 +: 47 + +. + + + + + +Tetralia laevissima + +Stimpson,1858 +: 38 + + +[35]; + +Stimpson 1907 +: 73 + +, pl. 9, figs. 4, 4a. + + + + + +Tetralia glaberrima + +forma + +fulva + +Patton, 1966 +: 286 + + +(invalid name) + + + + + +Tetralia glaberrima fulva + +Serène, 1984 +: 282 + + +. + + + + + +Tetralia sanguineomaculata + +Galil & Clark, 1990 +: 375 + + +, figs. 4, 5, 6b. + + + + + +Remarks +. The taxonomic history of + +Cancer glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +, has been very confusing. In recent times, the name has been used loosely for a number of species of + +Tetralia + +, and despite the several revisions and taxonomic studies (including the establishment of a separate genus + +Tetraloides + +) by several authors, the exact identity of + +T. glaberrima + +has never been discussed. This is all the more unfortunate and surprising since + +Cancer glaberrimus + +is the +type +species of + +Tetralia + +. In fact, as late as 1918, +Rathbun (1918: 254) +regarded + +Cancer glaberrimus + +as a junior synonym of the grapsid + +Planes minutus +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +! + + +Unfortunately, only its colour provides a clue to the identity of + +C. glaberrimus + +. The smooth carapace was described as brown with a bluish colour that gave it a porcelain­like shine (" +porzellanähnliches Ansehen +"; Herbst 1790: 262). A colour figure (Herbst 1790: pl. 20, fig. 115) shows a large, blue spot centered on the anterior half of the carapace (Plate 2A). The spot surrounds a smaller, round spot of the same colour, perhaps a hole on the carapace. No such colour pattern has ever been observed or described in any trapeziid so it is most probably an artefact. A blue band across the frontal margin of the carapace has been described in + +T. cinctipes +Paulson, 1875 + +, but this is evident only on live specimens ( +Castro 1997b: pl. 1, fig. A [colour] +), something Herbst most probably could not observe. A uniform brown colour without black or dark brown bands agrees best with the colour pattern of + +T. fulva +Serène, 1984 + +(see +Castro 1997a +: 67, pl. 1, fig. C [colour]). As such, on the basis of the available information, + +Cancer glaberrimus + +can be referred to either + +T. cinctipes +Paulson, 1875 + +, or + +T. fulva +Serène, 1984 + +. However, we believe that in the interests of nomenclatural stability, + +C. glaberrimus + +and + +T. fulva + +should be regarded as synonymous (see below). The +type +locality of + +C. glaberrimus + +was stated as unknown, although it was probably obtained from the Indian Ocean as much of his material was from there (see +Ng 1996 +, +Sakai 1999 +). There are no extant +type +(s). The first two authors have searched in vain for the +types +on separate occasions over the last decade, and +Sakai (1999: 41) +also recorded that it was lost. This has also been confirmed by the former and present crustacean curators of the Zoologisch Museum, Humboldt­Universität, Berlin, Hans Gruner and Oliver Coleman respectively (pers. comm.). + + +The identity of + +Trapezia integra +Latreille, 1828 + +, is also a mystery. There is no +type +material in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. The species was described from an unknown location and it was seemingly a new or replacement name for + +Cancer glaberrimus +( +Latreille 1828: 696 +) + +. As such, + +Trapezia integra +Latreille, 1828 + +, shares the same +type +series as + +Cancer glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +. + + +Castro (1997b) +suggested that + +T. serratifrons +Jacquinot, 1846 + +( +type +locality Marquesas Islands, +French Polynesia +) is likely to be conspecific with + +T. fulva +Serène, 1984 + +. It is here regarded as a junior synonym of + +T. glaberrima + +. The colour figure of + +T. serratifrons + +(which shows a brown carapace without dark bands) is diagnostic for + +T. glaberrima + +(as + +T. fulva + +). No +type +material of this species (supposedly in the MNHN) exists. + + + + + +Tetralia laevissima +Stimpson, 1858 + +, described from southern +Japan +, is very likely to be a junior synonym of + +T. glaberrima + +as well. Although Stimpson’s +type +material is no longer extant, the drawings, presumably made by Stimpson himself or under his supervision ( +Stimpson, 1907: pl. 9, figs. 4, 4a +), do not show any distinctive, obvious colour pattern on the carapace, chelipeds, or ambulatory legs. This is diagnostic for + +T. fulva + +( +sensu +Galil 1988a +: fig. 1b; +Castro 1997a +: pl. 1, fig. C [colour]) (= present + +T. glaberrima + +), which is uniformly brown to tan except a thin orange to red­orange line along the anterior border of the carapace and along the distal margins of carpi and anterior margins of meri of chelipeds. The ambulatory legs are uniformly brown to tan except a black spot on the articulations of the carpi visible in most specimens. We doubt that Stimpson would have missed a characteristic colour pattern such as a wide band along the anterior portion of the carapace (if present) in his figure of the species, especially since he clearly indicated the honeycomb­like network of lines in his drawing of the carapace of + +Trapezia septata + +( +Stimpson 1907 +: pl. 9, fig. 5, as + +Trapezia reticulata +Stimpson, 1858 + +). The chelipeds of + +T. laevissima + +were described as "glossy", which also agree with those of + +T. fulva + +. In + +T. cinctipes +Paulson, 1875 + +, a species where the carapace (but not the chelipeds and ambulatory legs) is also uniformly brown to tan in preserved specimens, the chelipeds cannot be described as glossy since they are covered by small but distinct tubercles. +Serène (1984) +synonymised + +T. rubridactyla +Garth, 1971 + +with + +T. laevissima + +without comment, an action we do not agree with. + +Tetralia rubridactyla + +typically has a prominent crest along the anterior margins of the cheliped merus, and the distal edge of the cheliped merus as well as the dorsal surface of the cheliped merus and propodus are dark brown in colour when alive, characters that are clearly absent in Stimpson's figure or description. The posterior portion of the carapace of + +T. laevissima + +appears very narrow, as in members of + +Tetraloides + +, but we believe this is due merely to the figure being schematic. A setae­filled depression on the dorsal proximal surface of the cheliped propodus, diagnostic for + +Tetralia + +is absent in + +Tetraloides + +, but is clearly indicated in Stimpson's drawings ( +Stimpson 1907: pl. 9, figs. 4, 4a +). + + +As already discussed by +Castro (1997a: 67) +, the name + +Tetralia glaberrima + +forma + +fulva +Patton, 1966 + +, is invalid under the current zoological code. Its first valid use was apparently by +Serène (1984) +, who also used Patton's name as a subspecies, + +T. glaberrima fulva + +. As Patton's material was no longer extant, +Castro (1997a: 65) +designated a +neotype +of + +T. fulva +Serène, 1984 + +, from Queensland, +Australia +. It is also worthwhile to note that the first nomenclaturally valid use of " + +fulva + +" may in fact be by +Ribes (1978: 14) +who used the name " + +Tetralia glaberrima fulva + +" in her doctoral thesis. This thesis, however, had a very limited circulation and is not well known outside +France +, and is not here regarded as a valid publication. Even if Ribes' thesis is considered a valid publication (as might be shown later), it will not affect the taxonomy of the species because on the basis of the present study + +Tetralia glaberrima fulva + +is an objective junior synonym of + +Cancer glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +(see below). + + + + +Castro (1997a: 68) +had shown that + +T. sanguineomaculata +Galil & Clark, 1990 + +( +type +locality +New Caledonia +), is a junior subjective synonym of + +T. fulva + +. + + +The recognition of the poorly understood + +C. glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +, as a senior synonym of + +Tetralia fulva +Serène, 1984 + +, + +Trapezia integra +Latreille, 1828 + +, + +Trapezia serratifrons +Jacquinot, 1846 + +, and + +Tetralia laevissima +Stimpson, 1858 + +, does not cause any problems. The name and taxonomic concept of + +Tetralia fulva + +was only established with certainty relatively recently ( +Galil 1988a +) and the name has been seldom used. In any case, as discussed earlier, + +Tetralia fulva +Serène, 1984 + +, has to be replaced by + +Trapezia integra +Latreille, 1828 + +, anyway. We believe that our present action best serves the interest of longterm nomenclatural stability. + + +To this effect and to maintain stability, we hereby designate the +neotype +of + +Tetralia fulva +Serène, 1984 + +, designated by +Castro (1997a: 65) +, a male (MNHN­B 25234; cl 7.3 mm, cw 8.4 mm) from Heron +Island +( +23º26’N +, +151º55’E +), Queensland, +Australia +, as the simultaneous +neotype +of + +Cancer glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +. We also designate this specimen as the +neotype +for + +Trapezia integra +Latreille, 1828 + +, + +Trapezia serratifrons +Jacquinot, 1846 + +, and + +Tetralia laevissima +Stimpson, 1858 + +. This action effectively makes all five names objective synonyms of + +C. glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383481F6FFA7DFD8EFDF2FC80.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383481F6FFA7DFD8EFDF2FC80.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..25dcaa87690 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383481F6FFA7DFD8EFDF2FC80.xml @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Family +Tetraliidae +fam. nov +. + + + + + + + + +Trapeziinae + +Miers, 1886 +: 163 + + +(part); + +Borradaile 1902 +: 238 + +(part); + +Klunzinger 1913 +: 304 + +(part); + +Balss 1922 +: 133 + +(part);1957: 1653 (part); + +Sakai 1976 +: 506 + +(part); + +Dai & Yang 1991 +: 262 + +, 379 (part). + + + + +Trapeziidae +— + +Ortmann 1893 +: 430 + +(part); 1897: 201 (part); + +Guinot 1978 +: 275 + +(part); + +Serène 1984 +: 265 + +(part); Ng 1998: 1074 (key), 1081 (part); + +Martin & Davis 2001 +: 75 + +(part); + +Davie 2002 +: 493 + +(part). + + + +Trapezoida — +Alcock 1898 +: 177, 217 (part). + + + + +Type +genus — + +Tetralia +Dana, 1851 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFA64FC9EF998.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFA64FC9EF998.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..77f2899ae85 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFA64FC9EF998.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Fossil Genus + +Eomaldivia +Müller & Collins, 1991 + + + + + + + + + +Eomaldivia + +Müller & Collins, 1991 +: 81 + + +( +type +species + +Eomaldivia pannonica +Müller & Collins, 1991 + +, original designation; gender feminine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFB56FDE8FA63.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFB56FDE8FA63.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fea35764ff6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFB56FDE8FA63.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Palmyria + + + + + + + + +Palmyria palmyrensis +( +Rathbun, 1923 +) + +(as + +Maldivia palmyrensis + +) [ +type +locality +Palmyra Atoll +, Line Islands, central Pacific Ocean; geographical distribution: across +Indo +–West Pacific region] (Plate 1C) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFD29FDFAFCD3.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFD29FDFAFCD3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c6b966067f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFD29FDFAFCD3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Palmyria +Galil & Takeda, 1986 + + + + + + + + + +Palmyria + +Galil & Takeda 1986 +: 168 + + +( +type +species + +Maldivia palmyrensis +Rathbun, 1923 + +, by original designation; gender feminine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFE93FDEEFE59.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFE93FDEEFE59.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9ce33a2475 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383491F6EFA7DFE93FDEEFE59.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Maldivia + + + + + + + + +Maldivia symbiotica +Borradaile, 1902 + +[geographical distribution: known only from +type +locality, +Maldive Islands +] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834A1F6DFA7DFDC3FE2DFD3D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834A1F6DFA7DFDC3FE2DFD3D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa1786ba80a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834A1F6DFA7DFDC3FE2DFD3D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Tetralia +Dana, 1851 + + + + + + + + + +Tetralia + +Dana, 1851 +: 224 + + +( +type +species + +Cancer glaberrimus +Herbst, 1790 + +, by monotypy; gender feminine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834A1F6DFA7DFE93FAA6FE08.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834A1F6DFA7DFE93FAA6FE08.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1fbaacd96e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834A1F6DFA7DFE93FAA6FE08.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to genera of +Tetraliidae + + + + + + + +1 + + + + +­ + +Larger cheliped with setae­filled depression on dorsal, proximal surface of propodus (Plate 1E). Distinct median longitudinal groove on thoracic sternites 4 and 5 +... + +Tetralia +Larger + +cheliped without setae­filled depression (Plate 2B). Thoracic sternites 4 and 5 entire, without visible median longitudinal groove ..................................... + +Tetraloides + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834C1F6BFA7DFE93FE37FD6D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834C1F6BFA7DFE93FE37FD6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9de7500a2d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834C1F6BFA7DFE93FE37FD6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Domecia +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 + + + + + + + + + +Domecia + +Eydoux & Souleyet 1842 +: 234 + + +( +type +species + +Domecia hispida +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 + +, by monotypy; gender feminine) + + + +Domaecius +— +Dana 1851 +: 128 (incorrect spelling) + + + + +Domaecia +— +Dana 1851 +: 128 (incorrect spelling) + + +Domoecia +— A. +Milne Edwards 1873 +: 263 (incorrect spelling) + + + + + + +Neleus + +Desbonne & Schramm 1867 +: 35 + + +( +type +species + +Neleus acanthophorus +Desbonne & Schramm, 1867 + +, by monotypy; gender masculine) + + + + + +Eupilumnus + +Kingsley 1880 +: 397 + + +( +type +species + +Eupilumnus websteri +Kingsley, 1880 + +, by monotypy; gender masculine; junior homonym of + +Eupilumnus +Kossmann, 1877 + +, Crustacea: Brachyura: +Pilumnidae +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834D1F6AFA7DFB76FAA6F89B.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834D1F6AFA7DFB76FAA6F89B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0712e2b654c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834D1F6AFA7DFB76FAA6F89B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to extant genera of +Domeciidae + + + + + + + +1 + + + + +­ + +2 ­ 3 ­ Frontal and anterolateral margins of carapace with numerous acute teeth (Plate 1A). Merus of third maxillipeds about twice as broad. Facultative symbionts of shallowwater scleractinian corals +................................................................................. + +Domecia +Anterolateral + +margins of carapace between outer orbital angle and anterolateral teeth each with 2 teeth or small tubercles; frontal margin smooth or with microscopic denticles or tubercles, margin complete and nearly straight or with shallow median indentation. Merus of third maxillipeds as long as broad. Obligate symbionts of scleractinian and hydrozoan corals and gorgonians ......................................................................... 2 Chelipeds conspicuously unequal ............................................................................... 3 Chelipeds equal (see +Borradaile 1902 +: fig. 60) + +... +Maldivia + +(monotypic, + +M. symbiotica + +) Rounded tubercles on propodus of chelipeds (Plate 1B) ............................................... ....................................................................... + +Jonesius + +(monotypic, + +J. triunguiculatus + +) Pointed tubercles on propodus of chelipeds (Plate 1C)................................................... + +........................................................................... +Palmyria + +(monotypic, + +M. palmyrensis + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFA4CFE63F9B5.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFA4CFE63F9B5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0424a801c0e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFA4CFE63F9B5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Maldivia +Borradaile, 1902 + + + + + + + + + +Maldivia + +Borradaile, 1902 +: 269 + + +( +type +species + +Maldivia symbiotica +Borradaile, 1902 + +, by monotypy; gender feminine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFBB6FD5BFA9B.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFBB6FD5BFA9B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..870f6c2f6b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFBB6FD5BFA9B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Jonesius + + + + + + + + +Jonesius triunguiculatus +( +Borradaile, 1902 +) + +(as + +Pseudozius triunguiculatus + +) [ +type +locality +Laccadive Islands +, +India +; geographical distribution: across +Indo +–West Pacific and Eastern Pacific regions] (Plate 1B) + + += + +Jonesius minuta +Sankarankutty, 1962 + + + += + +Maldivia gardineri +Rathbun, 1911 + + + += + +Maldivia galapagensis +Garth, 1939 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFE6BFDB4FD95.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFE6BFDB4FD95.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05a3d97bce3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834E1F69FA7DFE6BFDB4FD95.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Jonesius +Sankarankutty, 1962 + + + + + + + + + +Jonesius + +Sankarankutty, 1962 +: 141 + + +( +type +species + +Jonesius minuta +Sankarankutty, 1962 + +, by monotypy; gender masculine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834F1F68FA7DFC36FC4FFADB.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834F1F68FA7DFC36FC4FFADB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e0063278054 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834F1F68FA7DFC36FC4FFADB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Domecia africana +Guinot in +Manning & Holthuis, 1981 + + + + + + + + + +Domecia acanthophora + +forma + +africana + +Guinot, 1964 +: 272 + + +, figs. 6, 10–12, 16, 17. + +Domecia acanthophora africana + +Manning & Holthuis, 1981 +: 122 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks. +This taxon was originally described only as a form of + +Domecia acanthophora +( +Desbonne & Schramm, 1867 +) + +by +Guinot (1964) +, and as such, the name is not nomenclaturally available under current zoological rules (Article 15.2). It was only first used as a valid name by +Manning and Holthuis (1981) +(who recognised the taxon as a subspecies), but credit the authorship and original description to Guinot. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834F1F69FA7DFA01FDBBFE76.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834F1F69FA7DFA01FDBBFE76.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..20a898bbb80 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3834F1F69FA7DFA01FDBBFE76.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Domecia hispida +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 + +(Plate 1A) + + + + + + + + +Domecia hispida + +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 +: 235 + + +, pl. 2, figs. 5–10. + + + + + +Remarks. +There is a problem with the nomenclature of this well­known and widely distributed species as there appears to be an older name, + +Cancer tridentatus +Forskål, 1775 + +. The original description of + +Cancer tridentatus +Forskål, 1775 + +(from Suez, Red Sea), is too brief to be certain of its identity, but as it is, it fits the genus + +Domecia + +as presently understood. The description best fits + +Domecia hispida +Eydoux and Souleyet, 1842 + +, which is present in the Red Sea. As Forskål's material is no longer extant, we can never be certain. However, to have the senior name replacing the widely used name of + +Domecia hispida + +serves no real purpose in our opinion, and we invoke Article 23.9.2 of the current zoological code in suppressing the senior name. Certainly, the name + +Cancer tridentatus +Forskål, 1775 + +, has never been used since its description while the name + +Domecia hispida + +has been regularly used over the last few decades. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383521F75FA7DFC4CFCA8FB7D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383521F75FA7DFC4CFCA8FB7D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f3458dbd980 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383521F75FA7DFC4CFCA8FB7D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Family + +Domeciidae +Ortmann, 1893 + + + + + +Domoeciinae +Ortmann 1893 +: 429, 478; +Serène 1984 +: 291. +Domeciidae +— +Davie 2002 +: 152. + + + + +Type +genus — + +Domecia +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DF9E9FCCFF913.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DF9E9FCCFF913.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d091dfc345a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DF9E9FCCFF913.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Philippicarcinus +Garth & Kim, 1983 + + + + + + + + + +Philippicarcinus + +Garth & Kim, 1983 +: 712 + + +( +type +species + +Philippicarcinus oviformis +Garth & Kim, 1983 + +, by original designation; gender masculine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DFB86FE9FFB33.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DFB86FE9FFB33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c160b1dc47f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DFB86FE9FFB33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Calocarcinus + + + + + + + + +1 + + +­ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DFDBBFE09FC41.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DFDBBFE09FC41.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f2f8c5af058 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383641F43FA7DFDBBFE09FC41.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Calocarcinus + + + + + + + +1. + +Calocarcinus africanus +Calman, 1909 + +[ +type +locality western Indian Ocean; geographical distribution: Indian Ocean, western Pacific Ocean to +New Caledonia +] (Plate 4C) 2. + +Calocarcinus crosnieri +Galil & Clark, 1990 + +[known only from +type +locality, +New Caledonia +] + + +3. + +Calocarcinus habei +Takeda, 1980 + +[ +type +locality off +Midway +Island +, central Pacific; geographical distribution: western Indian Ocean, central and southeastern Pacific Ocean] 4. + +Calocarcinus lewinsohni +Takeda & Galil, 1980 + +[known only from +type +locality, Izu Is., +Japan +] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383651F42FA7DFA1CFD89F9E5.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383651F42FA7DFA1CFD89F9E5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b6dd9983b4d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383651F42FA7DFA1CFD89F9E5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Calocarcinus +Calman, 1909 + + + + + + + + + +Calocarcinus + +Calman, 1909 +: 31 + + +( +type +species + +Calocarcinus africanus +Calman, 1909 + +, by monotypy; gender masculine). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383651F42FA7DFC96FB2CFBBB.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383651F42FA7DFC96FB2CFBBB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b40c8a990a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383651F42FA7DFC96FB2CFBBB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Hexagonalia + + + + + + + +1. + +Hexagonalia brucei +( +Serène, 1973 +) + +(as + +Quadrella brucei + +) [ +type +locality off +Kenya +; geographical distribution: western Indian Ocean] (Plate 4B) + + +2. + +Hexagonalia laboutei +Galil, 1997 + +[known only from the +type +locality, Tuamotu Archipelago, +French Polynesia +] + + +A third species is being described from the +Solomon Islands +(Castro, in press). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383661F41FA7DFE33FD4EFD81.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383661F41FA7DFE33FD4EFD81.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5dd49314761 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383661F41FA7DFE33FD4EFD81.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Sphenomerides + + + + + + + + +Sphenomerides trapezoides +( +Wood­Mason & Alcock, 1891 +) + +(as + +Sphenomerus trapezoides + +) [ +type +locality Andaman Sea; geographic distribution: +Madagascar +and Andaman, Sulu, +Moluccas +, and Banda seas] (Plate 4E) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFAE4FEFBF9DD.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFAE4FEFBF9DD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd8b24f61b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFAE4FEFBF9DD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Sphenomerides +Rathbun, 1897 + + + + + + + + + +Sphenomerus + +Wood­Mason & Alcock, 1891 +: 263 + + +( +type +species + +Sphenomerus trapezoides + +Wood­ +Mason & Alcock, 1891 +, by monotypy; gender neuter; invalid junior homonym) + +Sphenomerides + +Rathbun, 1897 +: 164 + + +(replacement name for + +Sphenomerus +Wood­Mason & Alcock, 1891 + +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFB81FAA7FAFD.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFB81FAA7FAFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e4b6dac51a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFB81FAA7FAFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Philippicarcinus + + + + + + + + +1 + + + + +­ + +Anterolateral margins of carapace each with 1 blunt (obtuse) tooth (Plate 4D). Anterior margin of cheliped merus smooth ....................................................... + +P. oviformis +Anterolateral + +margins of carapace each with 1 blunt tooth and 2 short, broad, tuberclelike teeth (see +Garth & Kim 1983 +: fig. 14a). Distal, anterior margin of cheliped merus with pointed tubercle (see +Garth & Kim 1983 +: fig. 14a) ...................... + +P. tuberomerus + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFD46FD17FC5B.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFD46FD17FC5B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f6afe41c83 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383671F40FA7DFD46FD17FC5B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Philippicarcinus + + + + + + + +1. + +Philippicarcinus oviformis +Garth & Kim, 1983 + +[ +type +locality Mindanao; geographical distribution: +Philippine Islands +] (Plate 4D) + + +2. + +Philippicarcinus tuberomerus +Garth & Kim, 1983 + +[known only from the +type +locality, Mindanao, +Philippine Islands +] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383681F4FFA7DFB81FE4EF8AE.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383681F4FFA7DFB81FE4EF8AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..28831a67f0c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383681F4FFA7DFB81FE4EF8AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia tigrina +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia tigrina + +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 +: 232 + + +, pl. 2, fig. 4 (colour) (see Plate 3E). + +Trapezia punctata + +Coulon, 1864 +: 569 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia danae + +Ward, 1939 +: 13 + + +, figs. 17, 18. + + + + + +Trapezia wardi + +Serène, 1971 +: 140 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks +. The identity of + +T. wardi +Serène, 1971 + +( +type +locality +Vietnam +) and + +T. danae +Ward, 1939 + +( +type +locality +Samoa +) with + +T. tigrina +Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842 + +, is not in question (see +Galil & Lewinsohn 1984 +: 166; +Castro 1997b +: 130). + +T. punctata +Coulon, 1864 + +( +type +locality Red Sea) is almost certainly identical with + +T. tigrina + +, even if Coulon’s description is far too brief. What appears to be Coulon's +type +, a dried specimen, is in the zoology collections of the University of Neuchâtel, +Switzerland +. It carries the label " + +Trapezia rufopunctata +Herb. + +" made by Coulon himself. This specimen was very likely used by Coulon in his description of + +T. punctata + +, but Coulon apparently realised later that there was an earlier name ( + +T. rufopunctata + +) and his species was only a junior synonym (J.­P. Haenni, pers. comm. through M. Kottelat). + + +As + +T. tigrina + +and + +T. rufopunctata + +have very similar colour patterns, and as a result were frequently mistaken for each other, Coulon's eventual identification is not at all surprising. Since + +T. rufopunctata + +is not known from the Red Sea, Coulon's + +T. punctata + +should be + +T. tigrina + +instead. The colour description of + +T. punctata + +also fits better that of + +T. tigrina + +, orange dots (" +points orange +", +Coulon 1864 +: 569) rather than the distinctly larger spots of + +T. rufopunctata + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4EFA7DFA86FE1EF9FE.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4EFA7DFA86FE1EF9FE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c51d9a2d795 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4EFA7DFA86FE1EF9FE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia serenei +Odinetz, 1983 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia serenei + +Odinetz, 1983 +: 34 + + +, photograph 6 (colour). + + + + + +Remarks +. The species was first reported in a doctoral thesis ( +Odinetz 1983 +) but formally described in a paper a year later ( +Odinetz 1984 +) (see discussion for + +T. punctimanus +Odinetz, 1983 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4EFA7DFDBCFBAAFB41.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4EFA7DFDBCFBAAFB41.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3471ece8b4e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4EFA7DFDBCFBAAFB41.xml @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia septata +Dana, 1852 + + + + + + + +Trapezia septata + +(var.?) + +Dana, 1852 +: 260 + +, pl. 15, fig. 9. + + + + + + + +Trapezia reticulata + +Stimpson, 1858 +: 37 + + +[35]; + +Stimpson, 1907 +: 73 + +, pl. 9, fig. 5. + +Trapezia areolata +var. +inermis +A. + +Milne Edwards, 1873 +: 259 + + +, pl. 10, fig. 6. + + + + + +Remarks +. Dana's +type +material is lost. The +type +locality is the Sulu Sea ( +Dana 1852: 260 +), collected somewhere between the +Philippine Islands +and the north coast of Borneo by the +U.S. +Exploring Expedition. Considering the confusion between this species and + +T. areolata +Dana + +, the designation of a +neotype +is desirable to stabilise their taxonomy. As such, a male specimen (MNHN­B 27682; cl 8.9 mm, cw 10.8 mm) from the southern coast of Luzon, +Philippine Islands +, is herein designated as the +neotype +. It was collected by the MUSORSTOM 2 expedition (unknown station number) during November­December 1980. This specimen is also designated as the +neotype +of + +Trapezia reticulata +Stimpson, 1858 + +. + + +The examination of the +type +material of + +T. areolata +var. +inermis +A. +Milne Edwards 1873 + +showed it to be a junior synonym of + +T. septata +( +Castro 1997a +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4FFA7DF9E4FD13FC46.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4FFA7DF9E4FD13FC46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f1783313401 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383691F4FFA7DF9E4FD13FC46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia speciosa +Dana, 1852 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia speciosa + +Dana, 1852 +: 83 + + +, pl. 15, fig. 1 (colour) (Plate 3D). + + + + + +Remarks +. The colour pattern illustrated in the colour figure of +Dana (1852: pl. 15, fig. 1) +of a French Polynesian specimen depicts a series of red lines in a rather regular geometric pattern (Plate 3D). A similar pattern is shown in the drawings of western Indian Ocean specimens given by +Richters (1880: pl. 16, figs. 9, 10) +. Richter's illustrations, unfortunately, only showed the lines on the anterior part of the carapace. Photographs of preserved Vietnamese specimens in +Serène (1959: pl. 2, figs. A, B) +, however, show a very different pattern of thicker, diffuse and irregular red­brown lines much closer to those of + +T. garthi + +(see Galil 1983: fig. 9B). Examination of numerous live and preserved specimens from +French Polynesia +( +Castro 1997b +) and the western Indian Ocean ( +Castro 1999b +) has demonstrated that the red lines on the carapace are typically sinuous and interconnected (Galil 1983: fig. 9C; +Serène 1984 +: pl. 38, fig. E; +Castro 1997b +: pl. 1, fig. F [colour]) but they sometimes follow a more regular geometric pattern. Although all the available evidence points to the fact that recent records are conspecific with Dana's species, it would be better if a +neotype +is designated. + + +Dana's +type +material is lost. The +type +locality is Carlshoff +Island +(= Aratika +Island +) in the Tuamotu Archipelago, +French Polynesia +( +Dana 1852: 254 +). A female (MNHN­B 27681 [ex B 25319]; cl 8.3 mm, cw 10.7 mm) from Moruroa (Mururoa) Atoll ( +21º50’S +, +138º50’W +), Tuamotu Archipelago ( +Castro 1997b: pl. 1, fig. F [colour] +) is herein designated as the +neotype +. It was collected by J. Poupin and SMSRB divers from + +Pocillopora + +at a depth of +5–10 m +on +March 1996 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836A1F4DFA7DF906FE63F8E0.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836A1F4DFA7DF906FE63F8E0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32fdbe8bc26 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836A1F4DFA7DF906FE63F8E0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Hexagonalia +Galil, 1986 + + + + + + + + +Hexagonalia +Galil, 1986: 275 + +( +type +species + +Quadrella brucei +Serène, 1973 + +, by original designation; gender feminine) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836B1F4CFA7DFBA9FD32F92E.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836B1F4CFA7DFBA9FD32F92E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7406a9c8bfb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836B1F4CFA7DFBA9FD32F92E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Species of + +Quadrella + + + + + + + +1. + +Quadrella boopsis +Alcock, 1898 + +[ +type +locality Bay of Bengal, +Myanmar +; geographical distribution: across most of +Indo +–West Pacific region except Hawaiian Islands] = + +Quadrella bispinosa +Borradaile, 1902 + + + +2. + +Quadrella coronata +Dana, 1852 + +[ +type +locality Zulu Sea, +Philippine Islands +; geographical distribution: Indian Ocean, western Pacific Ocean] (Plate 4A) = + +Quadrella coronata +var. +granulosa +Borradaile, 1902 + + + +3. + +Quadrella maculosa +Alcock, 1898 + +[ +type +locality Andaman Islands, Indian Ocean; geographical distribution: western and southeastern Pacific Ocean] = + +Quadrella cyrenae +Ward, 1942 + + + +4. + +Quadrella nitida +Smith, 1869 + +[ +type +locality Pacific coast of +Panamá +; geographical distribution: Eastern Pacific region] + + +5. + +Quadrella reticulata +Alcock, 1898 + +[ +type +localities: Andaman Islands, +Sri Lanka +; geographical distribution: Indian Ocean, western Pacific Ocean] + + +6. + +Quadrella serenei +Galil, 1986 + +[ +type +locality +Madagascar +; geographic distribution: western and southeastern Pacific Ocean]. + + += + +Quadrella lewinsohni +Galil, 1986 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836B1F4CFA7DFE93FE2DFE6D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836B1F4CFA7DFE93FE2DFE6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5f20bc35d4d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836B1F4CFA7DFE93FE2DFE6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Quadrella +Dana, 1851 + + + + + + + + + +Quadrella + +Dana, 1851 +: 128 + + +( +type +species + +Quadrella coronata +Dana, 1852 + +, by monotypy; gender feminine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836C1F48FA7DFBECFE74FDBE.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836C1F48FA7DFBECFE74FDBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40f7e04057a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836C1F48FA7DFBECFE74FDBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,214 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia digitalis +Latreille, 1828 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia digitalis + +Latreille, 1828 +: 696 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia leucodactyla + +Rüppell, 1830 +: 28 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia fusca +Jacquinot, in Hombron & Jacquinot 1846 + +: pl. 4, figs. 17 (colour)—19; Jacquinot in + +Lucas 1853 +: 45 + +. + + + + + +Trapezia nigrofusca + +Stimpson, 1858 +: 219 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks +. This well­known species has a wide distribution, and not surprisingly, has been described (as different species) several times. +Latreille (1828: 696) +described it from a male collected by Fébure de Cérisy from the Red Sea, but the +type +, supposedly in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, is lost. + + +Rüppell (1830) +subsequently described + +Trapezia leucodactyla + +from the Red Sea. Rüppell's +syntypes +(male +lectotype +, SMF 4040, cl 8.8 mm, cw 9.4 mm; four females +paralectotypes +, SMF 25963) were examined by +Galil (1988b: 164) +, who concluded that they were identical with + +T. digitalis + +. The first author has also examined the +lectotype +series and concurs with Galils conclusion. + +Trapezia fusca +Jacquinot, 1846 + +, is also conspecific with + +T. digitalis + +, a conclusion reached after examination of its +syntypes +(four dried specimens, two males and two females, MNHN­B 2951, 2952) by +Castro (1997b: 120) +. +Stimpson (1858) +then described + +T. nigrofusca + +from Lower California, +Mexico +. It seems clear from the description that Stimpson’s species is identical to + +T. digitalis + +. There appears to be no extant +type +and while we are confident + +T. nigrofusca + +is identical with + +T. digitalis + +, absence of figures and the loss of Stimpson’s +types +means that we can never be sure. + + +A male specimen (MNHN­B 13927; cl 7.5 mm, cw 9.0 mm) from Abu Latt +Island +( +19º57’N +, +40º07’E +), Red Sea is herein designated as the simultaneous +neotype +of + +Trapezia digitalis +Latreille, 1828 + +, and + +Trapezia nigrofusca +Stimpson, 1858 + +. It was collected by the research vessel + +Calypso + +from + +Pocillopora + +at an unknown depth and date in 1952. The characteristic colouration of the +neotype +is still evident. The two names now become objective synonyms. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836E1F49FA7DFC6EFDBDFA8B.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836E1F49FA7DFC6EFDBDFA8B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..94b84ce136a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836E1F49FA7DFC6EFDBDFA8B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia punctimanus +Odinetz, 1983 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia punctimanus + +Odinetz, 1983 +: 35 + + +, 107, 114, 134, 206, 214, photograph 7 (colour). + + + + + +Remarks +. This species was first described in a doctoral thesis ( +Odinetz 1983 +) although it was formally described in a publication of much wider circulation a year later ( +Odinetz 1984 +). However, Odinetz's (1983) thesis was widely circulated among scientists from different parts of the world. Although she did not intend it to be a proper publication, she did not state emphatically that it was not, and as such it fulfils all the requirements for publication under the current zoological code ( +ICZN 1999 +) and as such, the 1983 publication date of her new name is valid. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836E1F4EFA7DFA5CFE2BFE26.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836E1F4EFA7DFA5CFE2BFE26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dbd0b435ca2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836E1F4EFA7DFA5CFE2BFE26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia rufopunctata +(Herbst, 1799) + + + + + + + + +Cancer rufopunctatus +Herbst, 1799: 54 + +, pl. 47, fig. 6 (colour). + + + + +Grapsillus maculatus + +Macleay, 1838 +: 67 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia acutifrons +A. + +Milne Edwards, 1867 +: 281 + + +. + + + + + +Quadrella rufopunctata + +Chen, 1933 +: 111 + + +, fig. 55 (junior homonym of + +Cancer rufopunctatus +Herbst, 1799 + +) + + + + + +Remarks +. The taxonomy of this species is now quite stable. +Ng & Ahyong (2000) +showed that the +lectotype +of + +Grapsillus maculatus +Macleay, 1838 + +was still extant (in the Macleay Museum, University of Sydney) and that it fits the concept of + +T. rufopunctata + +as currently understood (see +Galil & Lewinsohn 1985 +: 209; +Castro 1997a +: 127). + + +The dried male and female +syntypes +of + +Trapezia acutifrons +A. +Milne Edwards, 1867 + +(MNHN­B 2913) from the Hawaiian Islands are clearly identical to + +T. rufopunctata + +. From its description, but not the figure ( +Chen 1933: 111, fig. 55 +), + +Quadrella rufopunctata + +( +type +locality +Sri Lanka +) (not + +Cancer rufopunctata +Herbst, 1799 + +) is almost certainly + +T. rufopunctata + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836F1F48FA7DFD24FB7EFB33.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836F1F48FA7DFD24FB7EFB33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e12b4555fa1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836F1F48FA7DFD24FB7EFB33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia formosa +Smith, 1869 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia cymodoce +var. +edentula + +Laurie, 1915 +: 461 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks +. The taxonomic status of this species was reviewed by +Castro (1998) +. + +Trapezia cymodoce +var. +edentula +Laurie, 1915 + +was described for specimens of + +T. cymodoce + +in which “… the lateral epibranchial tooth was absent and the hand naked.” It was presumed to be identical to + +T. bidentata + +(as + +T. ferruginea + +) by +Castro (1999b: 108) +. Both characters are indeed shared by + +T. bidentata + +and + +T. formosa + +. In + +T. formosa + +, however, the anterolateral teeth become barely noticeable or absent in much smaller individuals and the chelipeds are thicker and shorter than in + +T. bidentata + +. The two +syntypes +of + +T. cymodoce +var. +edentula + +(BMNH 1907.5.22.263–264) from Galle, +Ceylon +(= +Sri Lanka +) were examined and proved to be identical to + +T. formosa + +. The male +syntype +(cl 5.1 mm, cw 4.2 mm) is here designated the +lectotype +; the female +syntype +(cl 5.6 mm, cw 7.6 mm) becomes the +paralectotype +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836F1F49FA7DFAA9FD46FC7E.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836F1F49FA7DFAA9FD46FC7E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a9796c5f3f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3836F1F49FA7DFAA9FD46FC7E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia guttata +Rüppell, 1830 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia guttata + +Rüppell, 1830 +: 27 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia ferruginea +var. +ceylonica + +Chen, 1933 +: 109 + + +. + +Trapezia davaoensis + +Ward, 1941 +: 14 + + +, fig. 27. + +Trapezia miersi + +Ward, 1941 +: 15 + + +. + + + + + +Remarks +. The identity of this species was clarified by +Galil (1988b: 166) +and +Castro (1997a: 82) +but some additional notes are necessary. The questionable conspecificity of + +T. ferruginea +var. +ceylonica +Chen, 1933 + +( +type +locality +Sri Lanka +) with + +T. guttata +Rüppell, 1830 + +( +type +locality Red Sea) follows from Chen's brief comments and schematic figure. Since the three specimens Chen examined are now lost (see discussion for + +T. cymodoce + +), this cannot be verified. + + +Miers (1886: 167) +described specimens of + +T. guttata + +from +Fiji +as having "... carapace and chelipeds ... of a uniform reddish or yellowish brown. The ambulatory legs, but not the chelipeds, are covered with small, distinct, red or brownish spots." The species, however, has a characteristic white to orange­white carapace that is rounded anteriorly by a thin, red­brown line (see +Castro 1997a +: 80, pl. 2, fig. B; pl. 4) in addition to the spotted ambulatory legs. The red­brown line may fade or it can easily be overlooked in preserved specimens. A light orange carapace and ambulatory legs with orange­red spots is characteristic of + +T. plana +Ward, 1941 + +(see +Castro 1997a +: 88, pl. 2, fig. D, as + +T +. +punctipes + +). Miers' species, however, is undoubtedly + +T. guttata + +as indicated by the straight anterolateral margins of the carapace, postorbital angles that are acute and directed anteriorly, and long cheliped fingers which cross each other when closed ( +Miers, 1886: pl. 12, fig. 1 +). +Ward (1941) +, however, was of the opinion that Miers' material belonged to a separate species, to which he applied the name + +T. miersi +Ward, 1941 + +, without any explanation or examination of Miers' specimens. The material of + +T. guttata + +from the +Philippines +that +Ward (1941) +had on hand was described as a new species, + +T. davaoensis +Ward, 1941 + +. +Castro (1997b: 125) +examined two +paratypes +of + +T. davaoensis + +(MNHN­B 16783) and confirmed that it is conspecific with + +T. guttata + +. This is also evident from Ward's (1941: fig. 27) photograph of + +T. davaoensis + +. Both + +T. miersi +Ward, 1941 + +, and + +T. davaoensis +Ward, 1941 + +, are therefore junior subjective synonyms of + +T. guttata +Rüppell, 1830 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383711F54FA7DF96CFBA1F8D6.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383711F54FA7DF96CFBA1F8D6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9422d3d09df --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383711F54FA7DF96CFBA1F8D6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,510 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia cymodoce +(Herbst, 1801) + +(Plate 2C, D, 3A) + + + + + + + + +Cancer cymodoce +Herbst, 1801: 22 + +, pl. 51, fig. 2 (colour) (see Plate 2D). + +Trapezia dentifrons + +Latreille, 1828 +: 695 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia coerulea + +Rüppell, 1830 +: 27 + + +, pl. 5, fig. 7; pl. 6, fig. 22. + + + + + +Grapsillus dentatus + +Macleay, 1838 +: 67 + + +, pl. 3. + + + + + +Trapezia hirtipes +Jacquinot, in Hombron & Jacquinot 1846 + +: pl. 4, figs. 14 (colour)–16; Jacquinot, in + +Lucas 1853 +: 44 + +. + + + + + +Trapezia dentata +var. +subintegra + +Dana, 1852 +: 259 + + +, pl. 15, figs. 7a (colour), b (see Plate 3A). + + + + + +Trapezia cymodoce +var. +ornatus + +Chen, 1933 +: 108 + + +, fig. 53. + + + + + +Remarks +. This well­known species has a long synonymy. The above synonymy has been accepted by most workers for many decades, although in many cases, the +types +of the various taxa have never been checked. + +Cancer cymodoce +Herbst, 1801 + +, was described on the basis of an unspecified number of specimens from "Ostindien" (Herbst 1801: 23; see Plate 2D). As such, any specimens that may have been reported should be regarded as +syntypes +. +Rathbun (1906: pl. 11, fig. 6) +published a photograph of a +syntype +specimen (also see +Castro 1997a +: 77) which was deposited in the Zoologisch Museum, Humboldt­Universität, Berlin but this specimen could no longer be located by us during separate visits by the first two authors, and is now regarded as lost (H.E. Gruner +in litt. +, +6 June 1994 +). +Sakai (1999: 41) +in compiling the extant Herbst material, also could not locate any specimen of + +C. cymodoce + +there. + + + + + +Trapezia dentifrons +Latreille, 1828 + +, was most probably described from a juvenile specimen (" +très petite +," anterolateral teeth " +très aiguë +"; +Latreille 1828 +: 695), but because of this, it is impossible to be sure of its identity. The +type +specimen(s), supposedly in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, cannot be located by the first author and is here considered to be lost. Latreille himself (1828: 696) nevertheless noted that it was just a variety of + +T. cymodoce + +: " + +n'est peut­être qu'une variété du +Cancer cymodoce d'Herbst + +". + + + + +Galil (1988b: 161) +and +Castro (1999b: 104) +separately examined the +type +material of + +T. coerulea +Rüppell, 1830 + +( +type +locality Red Sea) from the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt and showed that Rüppell's specimens of " + +T. coerulea + +" also included + +T. ferruginea + +[= present + +T. bidentata +( +Forskål, 1775 +) + +, see below]. The +lectotype +designation by +Galil (1988b: 162) +ensured that + +T. coerulea +Rüppell, 1830 + +, remains a junior subjective synonym of + +T. cymodoce + +. + + +The identity of + +Grapsillus dentatus +Macleay, 1838 + +, and its synonymy with + +T. cymodoce + +, is less of a problem as Macleay provided a relatively good colour figure of the species. The dried +type +specimen (a female) is still extant in the Macleay Museum, University of Sydney, and has been examined by us. +Ng & Ahyong (2000) +provided a photograph of the +lectotype +designated by them. + + +The apparent +type +of + +T. hirtipes +Jacquinot, 1846 + +(a dried male, MNHN­B 2953, +type +locality Nuku Hiva +Island +, Marquesas Islands, +French Polynesia +), is still in good condition. Re­examination of this specimen and consideration of the relatively good colour figure, we have no doubt that it is a junior synonym of + +T. cymodoce + +(see +Castro 1997b +: 119). + + +The identity of + +T. dentata +var. +subintegra +Dana, 1852 + +, described from the Tuamotu Archipelago, +French Polynesia +, is questionable as it was based on a small (cl 3 lines = 7.6 mm) specimen which is no longer extant. Its long accepted synonymy with + +T. cymodoce + +is not necessarily correct. On the basis of the very brief description and a colour figure ( +Dana 1852: pl. 15, fig. 7a; see Plate 3A +), Dana's variety can just as easily be referred to + +T. bidentata +( +Forskål, 1775 +) + +. To resolve this matter, we have selected a +neotype +for this species that maintains the long established synonymy of + +T. dentata +var. +subintegra + +with + +T. cymodoce + +(see below). + + +On the basis of material collected by L. Plate and ultimately deposited in the Phyletisches Museum, University of Jena ( +Germany +), +Chen (1933) +described + +Trapezia cymodoce +var. +ornatus + +( +type +locality +Sri Lanka +) which agrees very well with what is presently defined as + +T. cymodoce + +. Although his figure of + +Quadrella rufopunctata + +( +Chen 1933: fig. 55 +) seemingly depicts + +T. cymodoce + +, the description of this taxon demonstrates that it is actually + +T. rufopunctata +(Herbst, 1799) + +. Chen had five specimens of + +T. cymodoce +var. +ornatus + +on hand, but no +holotype +was designated. Chen's specimens could not be located in the Jena, Senckenberg or Humboldt­Universität museums (Dietrich von Knorre, Michael Türkay, Oliver Coleman, pers. comm.). + + +It is somewhat unfortunate that +Rathbun (1930: 556) +selected + +Trapezia dentifrons +Latreille, 1828 + +, a somewhat dubious species described on the basis of a juvenile, and which is now lost, as the +type +species of + +Trapezia + +. In addition, the +type +materials of + +Cancer cymodoce +Herbst, 1801 + +, + +T. dentata +var. +subintegra +Dana, 1852 + +, + +T. cymodoce +var. +ornatus +Chen, 1933 + +, and + +Quadrella rufopunctata +Chen, 1933 + +, are also lost. As such, the taxonomic situation of the species is far from stable. More recently, +Castro (1997a) +described + +T. lutea + +( +type +locality +New Caledonia +), a species close to + +T. cymodoce + +and with which it has been confused with for over a century. While we are convinced that none of the names of Herbst, Latreille, Dana, and Chen (at least on the basis of their descriptions, colour notes and/or figures) are conspecific with + +T. lutea + +, the lack of +type +material is very troublesome and can potentially cause nomenclatural problems. + + +In order to stabilise the taxonomy of + +T. cymodoce + +, one of the most common and widely distributed species of trapeziids anywhere, +neotypes +should be designated for all the above names for which +type +material is not extant. As several of the junior synonyms of what is now regarded as + +T. cymodoce +s. str. + +(see +Galil & Clark 1990 +; +Castro 1997a +, +b +) have been recognised as valid taxa for many decades, we believe that the best solution is to designate a +neotype +simultaneously for + +Cancer cymodoce +Herbst, 1801 + +, + +Trapezia dentifrons +Latreille, 1828 + +, + +Trapezia dentata +var. +subintegra +Dana, 1852 + +, and + +Trapezia cymodoce +var. +ornatus +Chen, 1933 + +. All four names thus become objective synonyms; with the oldest name, + +Cancer cymodoce +Herbst, 1801 + +, automatically becoming the +type +species of + +Trapezia + +. Whilst this action seems drastic, it is the one which we feel will present the least problems and confusion in the long term. We hereby select a male specimen ( +ZRC +1985.1554; cl 11.7 mm, cw 13.8 mm) collected from Siloso Beach, Sentosa +Island +, +Singapore +( +01º20’N +, +103º50’E +), as the +neotype +of the above five taxa. The specimen was collected by P. K. L. Ng on +25 May 1982 +from a colony of + +Pocillopora + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F4BFA7DF90CFC9DFBF6.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F4BFA7DF90CFC9DFBF6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fd27ec2d3ec --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F4BFA7DF90CFC9DFBF6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,375 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia bidentata +Forskål, 1775 + + + + + + + + + +Cancer bidentatus + +Forskål, 1775 +: 90 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia ferruginea + +Latreille, 1828 +: 695 + + +. + + + + + +Grapsillus subinteger + +Macleay, 1838 +: 67 + + +. + + + + + +Trapezia miniata +Jacquinot, in Hombron & Jacquinot 1846 + +: pl. 4, figs. 10 (colour)—13; Jacquinot in + +Lucas 1853 +: 43 + +. + + + + + +Trapezia subdentata + +Gerstaecker, 1857 +: 127 + + +. + +Trapezia bidentata + +— + +Davie 2002 +: 498 + +. + + + + + +Remarks +. +Forskål (1775) +described + +Cancer bidentatus + +from an unspecified number of specimens from the Gulf of Suez, in the Red Sea. In his brief description, +Forskål (1775: 90) +wrote " + +Color rubro­flavescens… Thorax…depressus, glaber…Dentes duoab urroque hatere... chelae +glabra +... color rubro­flavescens + +" [depressed, smooth carapace (orange colour; carapace depressed, smooth; teeth on both sides). Although brief, Forskål’s description clearly refers to + +T. ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +, as currently understood, even if clear, obtuse anterolateral teeth are typically observed among smaller individuals. Specimens were collected between shells (“ +inter conchylia +”) but it is possible that the reference was to corals. +Klunzinger (1913: 307) +placed Forskål's species in the genus + +Trapezia + +and relegated + +T. ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +, to a junior synonym. Klunzinger obviously worked with live or fresh material, referring to the red spot at the distal end of the propodi of the ambulatory legs, which is diagnostic for + +T. ferruginea + +. Many authors, however, have incorrectly regarded + +T. bidentata + +as Klunzinger's species; and have synonymised it with + +T. ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +. Since + +T. ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +, was supposedly senior to " + +T. bidentata +Klunzinger, 1913 + +", the latter name has been conveniently forgotten. +Davie (2002) +used the name “ + +T. bidentata +( +Forskål, 1775 +) + +” for his Australian material but he based this on an early unpublished manuscript of the present paper by the first two authors. Since + +T. bidentata + +is a now attributed to +Forskål (1775) +, this name has priority over + +T. ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +. + + + + + +Trapezia cymodoce + +, which is also common in the Red Sea, has often been confused with + +T. ferruginea + +. Unlike + +T. cymodoce + +(Plate 2C), however, + +C. bidentatus + +has smooth chelipeds which lack a conspicuous tomentum. Forskål based his descriptions on fresh specimens he obtained during his stay in Suez, and as such, probably would not have missed this character. As such, we are confident + +T. bidentata +( +Forskål, 1775 +) + +is not + +T. cymodoce + +. + + + +Trapezia ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +, was described from the Red Sea on the basis of a female specimen. It has since been reported throughout the +Indo +–West Pacific and eastern Pacific regions. The +type +, supposedly in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, is no longer extant. + + + +Grapsillus subinteger +Macleay, 1838 + +, was described from Cape of Good Hope, +South Africa +on the basis of an unspecified number of specimens. The description was inadequate and no figures were provided. The name has long been regarded as a synonym of + +T. digitalis +Latreille, 1828 + +(see +Serène 1984 +: 278), but +Ng & Ahyong (2000) +, who re­examined and re­figured Macleay's specimen (a dried +lectotype +male) in the Macleay Museum in the University of Sydney, showed that this was incorrect. This was later verified by the first author. + +Grapsillus subinteger +Macleay, 1838 + +, is actually conspecific with + +T. ferruginea + +(present + +T. bidentata + +). + + + +Trapezia miniata +Jacquinot, 1846 + +, was described from Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands, +French Polynesia +, and from his description (in +Lucas 1853 +: 43) and colour figure (Jacquinot, in Hombron & Jacquinot 1846: pl. 4, fig. 10) and apparent +type +material (a dried male and female [MNHN­B 2956] and two dried males [MNHN­B 2959]), there is little doubt that it is conspecific with + +T. bidentata + +(also see +Castro 1997b +: 120). + + + +Trapezia subdentata +Gerstaecker, 1857 + +, was described (but not figured) from two specimens from the Red Sea. Its description leaves little doubt that + +T. subdentata + +is conspecific with + +T. bidentata + +. Photographs of Gerstaecker's specimens in the Zoologisch Museum, Humboldt­Universität, Berlin (ZMB 195) confirm this. + + + +Trapezia cymodoce +var. +edentula +Laurie, 1915 + +, was described from one specimen from +Ceylon +(= +Sri Lanka +). Lauries description of the specimen (location unknown) shows that this variety is identical with + +T. bidentata + +. + + +Since the +types +of the two earliest names, + +Cancer bidentatus +Forskål, 1775 + +, and + +Trapezia ferruginea +Latreille, 1828 + +, are lost, a +neotype +is necessary to stabilise the use of these names as presently discussed. Since both species were described from the same area, we hereby designate a male specimen (MNHNB 27680 [ex B 13925]; cl 11.6 mm, cw 13.6 mm) from Abu Latt +Island +( +19º57’N +, +40º07’E +), Red Sea as the simultaneous +neotype +of both species. It was collected by the research vessel + +Calypso + +from + +Pocillopora + +at an unknown depth and date in 1952. The diagnostic red spot on the distal edge of the propodi of the ambulatory legs is still clearly visible. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F55FA7DFC1EFB61F9D6.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F55FA7DFC1EFB61F9D6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd3aface02f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F55FA7DFC1EFB61F9D6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia bella +Dana, 1852 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia bella + +Dana, 1852 +: 254 + + +, pl. 15, fig. 2 (colour) (Plate 3B). + + + + + +Remarks +. This species was described from an unspecified number of specimens from Carlshoff +Island +(= Aratika +Island +), Tuamotu Archipelago, +French Polynesia +( +Dana 1852: 254 +). No specimens are extant. + + +The only colour figure that is known of + +T. bella + +is that of +Dana (1852: pl. 15, fig. 2; see Plate 2B) +. +Forest & Guinot (1961: figs. 129, 130) +published an excellent drawing which shows the characteristic colour pattern and morphology of the species. The photograph supposedly of + +T. bella + +by +Serène (1984: pl. 38, fig. F) +actually shows + +T. formosa +Smith, 1869 + +(see +Castro 1997b +, +1998 +). Although the diagnostic colour pattern (with small redbrown dots) and morphology (adults with rounded anterolateral margins lacking teeth) are unique, juveniles may be confused with juveniles of + +T. tigrina + +, an often­sympatric species. + + +A male (MNHN­B 27679; cl 5.3 mm, cw 6.2 mm) from Takapoto Atoll ( +14º35’S +, +145º13’W +), Tuamotu Archipelago is herein designated as the +neotype +. It was collected by O. Odinetz from + +Pocillopora + +(colony P5–A2) at an unknown depth and date in 1982. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F55FA7DFE94FD31FCC9.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F55FA7DFE94FD31FCC9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..da33406da47 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383721F55FA7DFE94FD31FCC9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + + +Trapezia areolata +Dana, 1852 + + + + + + + +Remarks +. + +Trapezia areolata + +was described from an unspecified number of specimens from Tahiti, Society Islands, +French Polynesia +( +Dana 1852: 259 +). Dana’s material is no longer extant. The species had been frequently confused with + +T. septata +Dana, 1852 + +, until +Galil & Lewinsohn (1985) +showed the distinctiveness of each taxon. Considering the history of this species, a +neotype +should be selected to ensure the name remains as is currently used. + + +A female (MNHN­B 25313; cl 5.3 mm, cw 6.2 mm) from Anuanuraro Atoll ( +20º25’S +, +134º30’W +), Tuamotu Archipelago, +French Polynesia +is herein designated as the +neotype +of + +Trapezia areolata +Dana, 1852 + +. It was collected by J. Poupin from + +Pocillopora + +at a depth of +1 m +on +April 1996 +. The characteristic pattern on the dorsal surface of the carapace (brown lines that form a honeycomb pattern of mostly large rectangles) is visible in the +neotype +specimen, even if out of focus and barely seen in the colour photograph of the specimen given by +Castro (1997b +: pl. 1, fig. c). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383771F50FA7DFC89FE9FF9A9.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383771F50FA7DFC89FE9FF9A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e4b9e2ef08 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D383771F50FA7DFC89FE9FF9A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Key to extant species of + +Trapezia + + + + + + +1 + + +­ + + + + +2 + + + +­ + + + +3 + + +­ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3837B1F5CFA7DFE93FD2AFE2D.xml b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3837B1F5CFA7DFE93FD2AFE2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b03a2fd76b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/87/162E87D3837B1F5CFA7DFE93FD2AFE2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +Phylogeny and systematics of the Trapeziidae Miers, 1886 (Crustacea: Brachyura), with the description of a new family + + + +Author + +PETER CASTRO + + + +Author + +PETER K. L. NG + + + +Author + +SHANE T. AHYONG + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +643 + + +1 +70 + + + +journal article +38783 +10.5281/zenodo.158851 +83523ad5-7f0f-489d-8531-3b20edd51abc +1-877354-55-4 +158851 +7EBFF1EF-09C7-4A60-890E-26747C8FBF46 + + + + + + +Genus + +Trapezia +Latreille, 1828 + + + + + + + + + +Trapezia + +Latreille, 1828 +: 695 + + +( +type +species + +Trapezia dentifrons +Latreille, 1828 + +, designation by +Rathbun, 1930 +; gender feminine) + + + + + +Grapsillus + +Macleay, 1838 +: 67 + + +( +type +species + +Grapsillus maculatus +Macleay, 1838 + +, designation by +Rathbun, 1930 +; gender masculine) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/F4/162EF45FCAFA5C5EB837BB3510DE7408.xml b/data/16/2E/F4/162EF45FCAFA5C5EB837BB3510DE7408.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf73ac0298d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/F4/162EF45FCAFA5C5EB837BB3510DE7408.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +An updated inventory of sea slugs from Koh Tao, Thailand, with notes on their ecology and a dramatic biodiversity increase for Thai waters + + + +Author + +Mehrotra, Rahul +Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center, Koh Mun Nai, Kram, Klaeng District, Rayong 21110, Thailand + + + +Author + +A. Caballer Gutierrez, Manuel +American University of Paris, Department of Computer Science Math and Environmental Science, 6 rue du Colonel Combes, 75007 Paris, France & Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 55 rue de Buffon, 75005 Paris, France + + + +Author + +M. Scott, Chad +Conservation Diver. 7321 Timber Trail Road, Evergreen, Colorado, 80439, USA + + + +Author + +Arnold, Spencer +Conservation Diver. 7321 Timber Trail Road, Evergreen, Colorado, 80439, USA + + + +Author + +Monchanin, Coline +Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center, Koh Mun Nai, Kram, Klaeng District, Rayong 21110, Thailand & Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology (CBI); CNRS, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, France + + + +Author + +Viyakarn, Voranop +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-6356 +Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand + + + +Author + +Chavanich, Suchana +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-7300 +Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand +suchana.c@chula.ac.th + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-06-09 + + +1042 + + +73 +188 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474 +1313-2970-1042-73 +9CF986D86A474E179A67245C78FB8AFD +1BB0A10A35DD5541850FDAFFDB7119C2 + + + + +* +Tambja sp. +Figure 16I + + + +Material examined. + +One specimen +4 mm +, TT. + + + +Ecology. + +Recorded from soft sediment habitats beyond the fringing coral reef where it was found on +Bugulidae +spp. Depth 12-25 m. + + + +Distribution. + + +Tambja + +sp. 2 ( +Gosliner et al. 2018 +) is known from the Philippines and Indonesia. Here representing a first record for Thai waters. All available photographs show this species on the arborescent bryozoans of the family +Bugulidae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2E/FD/162EFD4E3D7B54D38FD0E3FDE406FBD8.xml b/data/16/2E/FD/162EFD4E3D7B54D38FD0E3FDE406FBD8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b1dddb5c53f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2E/FD/162EFD4E3D7B54D38FD0E3FDE406FBD8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +Diversity pattern of insects from Macao based on an updated species checklist after 25 years + + + +Author + +Xian, Chunlan +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Leong, Chi Man +Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Beijing normal university - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China & Macao Entomological Society, Estrada Coronel Nicolau de Mesquita, Macao SAR, China + + + +Author + +Luo, Jiuyang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-9534 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Han, Hongxiang +Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China +hanhx@ioz.ac.cn + + + +Author + +Xie, Qiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-8808 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China +xieq8@mail.sysu.edu.cn + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-04-05 + + +12 + + +118110 +118110 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 +1314-2828-12-e118110 +57B0CE31B4055266A115FC1275D70C79 + + + + + +Polyrhachis confusa Wong & +Guenard +, 2020 + + + + +Notes + + +Wong and +Guenard +(2020) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2F/3F/162F3F89F40EA04AC9F383C83097AFF7.xml b/data/16/2F/3F/162F3F89F40EA04AC9F383C83097AFF7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ac3a526977 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2F/3F/162F3F89F40EA04AC9F383C83097AFF7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Subtribe +Machaeritina Jeannel, 1950 + + + + +Machaeritina +Jeannel, 1950a: 168 [stem: Machaerit-]. Type genus: +Machaerites +Miller, 1855. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/2F/AC/162FACF8A3F98CB77CF8B2D2127CB7FD.xml b/data/16/2F/AC/162FACF8A3F98CB77CF8B2D2127CB7FD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9568840de3a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/2F/AC/162FACF8A3F98CB77CF8B2D2127CB7FD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Ptomaphagus Hellwig (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae) from Japan + + + +Author + +Wang, Cheng-Bin + + + +Author + +Ruzicka, Jan + + + +Author + +Nishikawa, Masaaki + + + +Author + +Perreau, Michel + + + +Author + +Hayashi, Yasuhiko + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +607 + + +119 +144 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.607.9074 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.607.9074 +1313-2970-607-119 +CEAA93A746704E4B9B2151CEFE3B5B42 +CEAA93A746704E4B9B2151CEFE3B5B42 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Leiodidae + + + +Subgenus +Ptomaphagus s. str. + + + +Distribution. +Palaearctic, north Oriental. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/30/1E/16301E80ECF7095AC89307BD39C93D17.xml b/data/16/30/1E/16301E80ECF7095AC89307BD39C93D17.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..43546afd515 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/30/1E/16301E80ECF7095AC89307BD39C93D17.xml @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ + + + +The bee family Halictidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Central Asia collected by the Kyushu and Shimane Universities Expeditions + + + +Author + +Murao, Ryuki + + + +Author + +Tadauchi, Osamu + + + +Author + +Miyanaga, Ryoichi + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +15050 +15050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e15050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e15050 +1314-2828-5-15050 + + + + +Lasioglossum salinaecola (Friese, 1916) + + + +Distribution +Middle East to central Asia (Turkestan). + + +Notes +New record for Kazakhstan. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/30/78/163078092C15F128AC838CC47669BE33.xml b/data/16/30/78/163078092C15F128AC838CC47669BE33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e36c945d803 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/30/78/163078092C15F128AC838CC47669BE33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +A new species of Troglobius (Collembola, Paronellidae, Cyphoderinae) from a Brazilian iron cave + + + +Author + +Zeppelini, Douglas + + + +Author + +Silva, Diego Dias da + + + +Author + +Palacios-Vargas, Jose G. + +text + + +Subterranean Biology + + +2014 + +14 + + +1 +13 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.14.7355 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.14.7355 +1314-2615-14-1 +0617F66919D54A90B37B0587C3D9239E + + + +Taxon classification Animalia ORDO FAMILIA + + + +Troglobius coprophagus Palacios-Vargas & Wilson, 1990 + + + +Remarks. +Head chaetotaxy as in Fig. 3C. Abd IV with 3+3 lenticular organs posterior margin. Dens anterior side with hyaline scales; three rows of modified thick fringed scales (Fig. 12C) present on posterior side, internal row with 9-10 fringed scales, median row with 2 distal fringed scales, other median chaetae thick and ciliated, external row with about 11 barbulate chaetae (Fig. 13C). A large chaetae, about as long as mucro is present at the distal tip of the dens. Mucro with about 19 teeth on outer lamella, inner lamella smooth. Body chaetotaxy as in Fig. 15. + + +Figure 15. Body chaetotaxy +Troglobius coprophagus +. + + + +One of the species author, Wilson, was not able to maintain specimens alive once they were taken outside the cave, which indicates that they are very sensitive to temperature changes ( +Palacios-Vargas and Wilson 1990 +). + + + +Material examined. + +Two paratypes, Madagascar, Grote +d'Andrafiabe +. 08/IX/1986. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/30/80/163080DAA1D1782543A7394C2C52B7DA.xml b/data/16/30/80/163080DAA1D1782543A7394C2C52B7DA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3a32fbbe381 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/30/80/163080DAA1D1782543A7394C2C52B7DA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5447 +5447 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 +1314-2828--5447 + + + + +Dasimatia (Dasimatia) subusta Warren, 1898 + + + + +Dasimatia (Dasimatia) subusta +Warren 1898 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: sex: +m +; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: NHM + + + + +Distribution +Type locality: Celebes [Sulawesi], Tawaya, N of Palos Bay + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/30/88/1630887165B831EFAE877337FC28F385.xml b/data/16/30/88/1630887165B831EFAE877337FC28F385.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ce7c421bd4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/30/88/1630887165B831EFAE877337FC28F385.xml @@ -0,0 +1,254 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Fabaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/fabaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Astragalus vesicarius +subsp. +pastellianus +(Pollini) Arcang. + + + + + +Unterart ISFS: 55000 Checklist: 1006000 +Fabaceae +Astragalus +Astragalus vesicarius L. +Astragalus vesicarius subsp. pastellianus (Pollini) Arcang. + + + +Bestimmungsschluessel + + + +Zusammenfassung +KEINE ANGABE + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + +
KEINE ANGABE
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Astragalus vesicarius +subsp. +pastellianus +(Pollini) Arcang. + + + + + +Volksname + + + +Deutscher Name: -- Nom +francais +: -- Nome italiano: -- + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Astragalus vesicarius subsp. pastellianus (Pollini) Arcang. + + +Checklist 2017 + +55000
= +Astragalus vesicarius subsp. pastellianus (Pollini) Arcang. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +55000
= +Astragalus vesicarius subsp. pastellianus (Pollini) Arcang. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +55000
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Kommentare aus der +Checklist 2017 +Im Gebiet der +Checklist 2017 +kommt nur diese Unterart vor. Die Zuordnung zur Unterart sollte nur erfolgen, wenn ihre Bestimmung als solche sichergestellt ist. Checklist + + + + +Status Indigenat +: - + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/30/8B/16308B04643CA357AA431CAE73E800F3.xml b/data/16/30/8B/16308B04643CA357AA431CAE73E800F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9be7e74085e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/30/8B/16308B04643CA357AA431CAE73E800F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Subtribe +Acanthoscelidina Bridwell, 1946 + + + + +Acanthoscelidini +Bridwell, 1946: 54, in key [stem: Acanthoscelid-]. Type genus: +Acanthoscelides +Schilsky, 1905. Comment: First Reviser ( +Acanthoscelidina +Bridwell, 1946 vs +Bruchidiina +Bridwell, 1946) not determined, current usage maintained; description of family-group name not unequivocal (Art. 13.1.1) but name treated as available (Art. 13.2.1); Bridwell (1946: 53) mentioned that he wanted to establish the two new tribes +Bruchidiini +and +Acanthoscelidini +but he followed by saying that it was "premature to attempt a diagnosis" of these tribes; both tribal names were included in his key (p. 54) but their identification was not unequivocal; Bradley (1947: 37) noted that the new tribes +Bruchidiini +and +Acanthoscelidini +were not diagnosed adequately by Bridwell (1946), however he did not cite Article 13 of the then current edition of the Code of Zoological nomenclature to treat those names as unavailable; since +Bruchidiini +and +Acanthoscelidini +have been used as valid and attributed to Bridwell (1946) by subsequent authors, e.g., Bottimer (1968: 1028 and 1015 respectively), we have also treated those names as available here. + + +Bruchidiini +Bridwell, 1946: 54, in key [stem: Bruchidi-]. Type genus: +Bruchidius +Schilsky, 1905. Comment: description of family-group name not unequivocal (Art. 13.1.1) but name treated as available (Art. 13.2.1); see comment under +Acanthoscelidini +Bridwell, 1946. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/8A/16318A9775B7A4EA0B7B157B51B74AC5.xml b/data/16/31/8A/16318A9775B7A4EA0B7B157B51B74AC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e91d37a8606 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/8A/16318A9775B7A4EA0B7B157B51B74AC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +10. Rosa L. + + + +Author + +I. Klášterský + +text + + +1968 +Cambridge University Press + +Cambrdige + + + + +Editor + +T. G. Tutin + + + +Editor + +V. H. Heywood + + + +Editor + +N. A. Burgess + + + +Editor + +D. M. Moore + + + +Editor + +D. H. Valentine + + + +Editor + +S. M. Valters + + + +Editor + +D. A. Webb + + +Flora Europaea, Volume 2, Rosaceae to Umbelliferae + + + +35 +42 + + + +book chapter +10.5281/zenodo.47067 + + + + + +Sect, caninae +DC. + + + + +Deciduous shrubs, with erect or arching stems. Rhizome short. Prickles usually numerous, hooked or straight; acicles usually absent. Flowers in bracteate corymbs. Outer sepals usually pinnatifid, deflexed, erect or patent, persistent or caducous after anthesis. Disc flat or conical, variable in size, narrow. Carpels long-stipitate. Styles free. + + + +This section has long been recognized as critical, and very large numbers of taxa have been described. So far as is known, they are all polyploid, with 2n = 28, 35 or 42, and their reproduction is unusual. In the pentaploids, for example, 7 bivalents and 21 univalents are formed at meiosis. In the pollen the univalents are lost, so that most functional pollen-grains carry only 7 chromosomes; in the ovules, on the other hand, all the univalents go to one pole at the first meiotic division and the egg has 28 chromosomes. Thus, in sexual reproduction, most of the chromosomes of the offspring come from the seed-parent and have not paired at meiosis. Inheritance thus tends to be predominantly maternal, and this in turn means there is a tendency for the biotypes in Sect. +Caninae +to be relatively constant, though hybridization can produce new biotypes, some of which may survive and become stabilized. The situation is analogous to facultative apomixis, though Rosa is not apomictic. + + +In the account of Sect. +Caninae +which follows, an attempt has been made to cover the whole range of variation but to describe only a limited number of fairly well-defined species. It is recognized that many intermediates may occur. Because of the taxonomic difficulties, the geographical distribution of many of the species is imperfectly known, and can only be given in general terms. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFCEFF866946FBF8FBDA119D.xml b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFCEFF866946FBF8FBDA119D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..550576ab777 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFCEFF866946FBF8FBDA119D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,462 @@ + + + +A review of tube-nosed bats (Murina) from Laos with a description of two new species + + + +Author + +Francis, Charles M. +National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa K 1 A 0 H 3, Canada & Corresponding author: E-mail: charles. francis @ ec. gc. ca +charles.francis@ec.gc.ca + + + +Author + +Eger, Judith L. +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada + +text + + +Acta Chiropterologica + + +2012 + +2012-06-01 + + +14 + + +1 + + +15 +38 + + + +journal article +21469 +10.3161/150811012X654231 +9a038753-d004-4647-9f2e-5c7872c35985 +1733-5329 +3945152 + + + + + + +Murina annamitica + +sp. nov. + + + + + +( +Figs. 3e +, +4e +, +5e +, +11 +; +Tables 1 +, 2; Map +Fig. 2d +) + + + + +Murina + +CMF sp. D: + + +Francis +et al +. 2010: 6 + + +. + + + + + + + +Holotype + + + +ROM 106467 +♂ +(field number CMF 960418-05) collected + +18 April 1996 + +near +Nam Pan +in the +Annamite Mountains +, +Bolikhamxai Province +, +Laos +( +18°28’N +, +105°05’E +, alt. +≈ + +1300 m + +). + + + + +Paratypes + + + +ROM 106466 +♂ +, 106468 +♂ +, 117910 +♂ +same locality and same date. + + +Referred material + + + +ROM 106492 +♀ +( + +27 April 1996 + +, +Nakai Plateau +, +Khammouan Province +, +Laos +, +17°53’N +, +104°50’E +, alt. +≈ + +500 m + +) + +; + +ROM 118394 +♂ +( + +29 April 1998 + +, near +Ban Phoulan +, +Louangnamtha +, +Laos +, +20°44’N +, +101°10’E +) + +; + +EBD +25753 (field number 990322.66; + +22 March 1998 + +, near +Ban Chak +, +Nam Et – Phou Louey +, +Houaphan +, +Laos +, +20°27’N +, +103°23’E +) + +; + +ROM 111361 +♂ +( + +26 March 1999 + +, +Noc Ong Toan +, +Tran Don +, +Quang Nam +, +Vietnam +, +15°14’N +, +108°02’E +, alt + +700 m + +) + +; + +ZMMU +S-184673 +♂ +( + +11 April 2009 + +, +Bu Gia Map +, +Binh Phuoc Province +, +Vietnam +, +12°12’N +, +107°12’E +, alt. + +540 m + +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis + + +A small + +Murina + +externally similar to, but slightly smaller than, + +Murina cyclotis + +, though with more extensive dark bases to the fur, especially on the venter; cranially, similar to + +M. huttoni + +with both upper premolars similar in height; anterior upper molars with well developed mesostyles; and lower molars with well developed talonids; but smaller (FA 30–32; GSL 16.0–16.5), and with some differences in skull shape. + + + + +Description + + +The fur of the dorsum is long and fluffy, the hairs with slate grey bases for about 40% of their length, then a buffy band, then darker brown to orangebrown tips, the overall appearance being orangebrown to brown. The fur of the underside has slate grey bases for about 60–70% of the length, then buffy tips, giving an overall greyish buff appearance. The interfemoral membrane is extensively covered with hairs, which are longer near the body and progressively shorter distally, although the hairs on the legs, feet and posterior edge of the membrane are long. There are very short hairs on the FA and leading edge of the wing. The calcar is well developed, lacking a keel, and extending about 35% of the distance along the interfemoral membrane from the foot to the tip of the tail. The wing membrane is inserted on the side of the toe about +1 mm +from the base of the claw. The ear is round without a notch on its posterior border. + + +The skull has a moderately inflated braincase, deep rostral depression, and only moderately thick rostrum ( +Fig. 3e +). The upper toothrows ( +Fig. 4e +) are nearly parallel to each other; the upper incisors are similar in height and aligned nearly straight across, such that the inner incisor is not visible in lateral view; the anterior upper premolar (P +2 +) is about the same height as the posterior premolar (P +4 +) and about half the height of the canine (C +1 +); the first two upper molars (M +1 +, M +2 +) have well developed mesostyles, comparable in height to the metastyle and parastyle, giving a distinctly W-shape to the surface; the labial edge is nearly straight without any indentation. In the mandibular toothrow ( +Fig. 5e +), both premolars are similar in height; the canine is narrow and about 50% taller than the premolars; and the anterior molars (M +1 +and M +2 +) have well developed talonids, about 2/3 the size of the trigonid. + + + + +Etymology + + +This species name refers to the Annamite mountains where the +type +series was collected. + + + + +Morphological comparison with similar species + + +Among Indochinese + +Murina + +, in dental morphology, this species most closely resembles + +M. huttoni + +, but the latter differs in its larger size; proportionately longer, more robust rostrum; slightly less domed braincase; thickened alisphenoid bone which partly covers the alisphenoid canal (the bone is not thickened in the new species); and more extensive basisphenoid bone extension over the bulla (which is relatively smaller in the new species). + + + +Murina cyclotis + +and + +M. fionae + +differ in having reduced mesostyles on the upper molars, M +1 +and M +2 +, and a proportionately much smaller trigonid on the lower molars, M +1 +and M +2 +. + +Murina harrisoni + +is considerably larger, and has a moderate reduction in the mesostyle on M +1 +and M +2 +. The Sunda species + +M. rozendaali + +has somewhat similar dentition, but has very different fur colour with a pure white belly and the dorsal fur banded with golden tips. + + +The recently described + +M. lorelieae + +is externally similar in colour and size, but differs in several cranial and dental characters, including having the anterior premolar shorter than the posterior and a less sloping cranial profile. + + +Genetic analyses + + +DNA barcodes are available on Genbank for the +holotype +( +HM540969 +) and for four other specimens ( +HM540967 +, +HM540968 +, HM54070, HM54071), as well as through BOLD. A neighbour-joining analysis of these data (see figure +4 in + +Francis +et al +., 2010 + +; labeled as ‘ + +Murina + +CMF sp. D’) indicates that the species is very distinctive, with the nearest neighbour ( + +M. huttoni + +) differing by at least 15%; howev- er, that level of divergence was very similar to that from many other species and is so great that the branching orders cannot be reliably determined. Hence, its nearest relatives cannot be determined without additional information. Analyses of cytochrome +b +(J. L. Eger, unpublished data) indicate this is the same species as + +Murina + +sp. A of + +Ruedi +et al +. (2012) + +. + + + + +Distribution and ecology + + +Specimens in the +type +series were all caught on the same night in the same trap in wet evergreen montane forest in the Annamite Mountains at an altitude of about +1,300 m +. The trap was set across a skidder trail in an area of thick bamboo. The specimen from the Nakai Plateau was caught in a trap set across a trail through a patch of woods in an area dominated by pine savannah with patches of evergreen and semi-deciduous woods at an altitude of about + +500 m +. + +The Vietnamese specimen was caught in a harp trap set near a village in premontane secondary forest at an altitude of +≈ + +700 m +. + + + +Because this species was confused with + +M. cyclotis + +in the field, it is possible that some additional records were overlooked. Specimens were only identified as this species if the skull was extracted or if a DNA barcode was obtained. Not all specimens originally identified as + +M. cyclotis + +from +Laos +were collected, and among those that were collected, not all specimens have been barcoded or had their skulls extracted. Nevertheless, it appears to be much less common than + +M. cyclotis + +based on specimens that were examined carefully. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFD4FF9C697DFF70FDD11234.xml b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFD4FF9C697DFF70FDD11234.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..29a08df4c73 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFD4FF9C697DFF70FDD11234.xml @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ + + + +A review of tube-nosed bats (Murina) from Laos with a description of two new species + + + +Author + +Francis, Charles M. +National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa K 1 A 0 H 3, Canada & Corresponding author: E-mail: charles. francis @ ec. gc. ca +charles.francis@ec.gc.ca + + + +Author + +Eger, Judith L. +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada + +text + + +Acta Chiropterologica + + +2012 + +2012-06-01 + + +14 + + +1 + + +15 +38 + + + +journal article +21469 +10.3161/150811012X654231 +9a038753-d004-4647-9f2e-5c7872c35985 +1733-5329 +3945152 + + + + + + +Murina eleryi + +Furey +et al. +2009 + + + + + + + +( +Figs. 3f +, +4f +, +5f +; +Tables 1 +, 2; Map +Fig. 1d +) + + + + + +Murina aurata +: + +Francis +et al +. 1999: 233 + + +, +2010: 6 + +; Francis 2008: 253 (part). + + + + + + +Specimens examined from +Laos + + + + +ROM +: +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ + +; + +EBD +: +1 ♀ +(see Appendix for details, including information from adjacent countries and the literature) + +. + + + + +Description + +The fur of the dorsum is banded with dark grey to blackish bases for about 25% of the length, then a paler whitish to buffy band that blends into an orange brown band, then a dark brown band. Some of the longer hairs then have golden tips for up to 15% of the length giving a gilded appearance. The ventral fur has dark grey or blackish bases for about 50% of the length, with silvery grey to white distal half. The tail membrane is sparsely covered with long yellow-brown hairs, and the feet and legs are thickly haired. The ears are small and rounded; the tragus straight, pointed and whitish. The wing membrane is inserted on the side of the toe, near the base of the claw. + +This is the smallest + +Murina + +in +Laos +( +Tables 1 +and 2), particularly in skull dimensions ( +Fig. 3f +). The anterior upper premolar (P +2 +) is substantially shorter than the posterior premolar (P +4 +), while the canine is slightly longer than P +4 +( +Fig. 4f +). In the mandible, P +2 +is substantially smaller in surface area, and about 2/3 the height of P +4 +, while C +1 +is about 50% taller than P +4 +( +Fig. 5f +). + + + + +Discussion + + +These specimens were originally reported by + +Francis +et al +. (1999) + +as + +M. aurata +Milne-Edwards 1872 + +, based on their small size and the similarity in fur colour to the description in +Hill (1983) +, although with some hesitation given that the canines, although small, were longer than the posterior premolars, contrary to the keys in +Hill (1992) +. However, they agree well in both fur colour and cranial shape with the description of + +M. eleryi + +by + +Furey +et al +. (2009) + +. + + + + +Distribution and ecology + + +Three of the specimens that we captured in +Laos +were found in wet evergreen montane forest in the Annamite Mountains, at an altitude of +1000–1140 m +. An additional five specimens were captured during surveys in +Vietnam +, in +Quang Nam province +. Four of these were captured in premontane evergreen forest at about +830 m +, but one was caught in secondary forest at the base of the hills at + +200 m +. + +Additional specimens from the ROM in southern +China +, together with those reported by + +Furey +et al +. (2009) + +suggest it may be widely distributed through +Vietnam +and adjacent areas of +Laos +, though possibly largely in montane regions ( +Fig. 1d +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFD9FF956BD8FE8CFCF81034.xml b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFD9FF956BD8FE8CFCF81034.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a7761183fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFD9FF956BD8FE8CFCF81034.xml @@ -0,0 +1,351 @@ + + + +A review of tube-nosed bats (Murina) from Laos with a description of two new species + + + +Author + +Francis, Charles M. +National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa K 1 A 0 H 3, Canada & Corresponding author: E-mail: charles. francis @ ec. gc. ca +charles.francis@ec.gc.ca + + + +Author + +Eger, Judith L. +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada + +text + + +Acta Chiropterologica + + +2012 + +2012-06-01 + + +14 + + +1 + + +15 +38 + + + +journal article +21469 +10.3161/150811012X654231 +9a038753-d004-4647-9f2e-5c7872c35985 +1733-5329 +3945152 + + + + + + +Murina cyclotis +Dobson 1872 + + + + + + +( +Figs. 3d +, +4d +, +5d +, +6c +; +Tables 1 +, 2; Map +Fig. 1a +) + + + + + +Specimens examined from +Laos + + + + +ROM +: +12 ♂♂ +, +25 ♀♀ + +; + +EBD +: +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ + +; + +SMF +4 ♂♂ +(see Appendix for details, including information from adjacent countries and the literature) + +. + + + + +Description + + +Specimens we are referring to + +M. cyclotis + +are medium small, orange-brown bats ( +Fig. 6c +). The hairs of the dorsum have grey to dark grey bases for +≈ +25% of their length, then a buffy area that gradually darkens to orange near the tips, but does not create strongly contrasting bands of colour. The hairs on the ventrum have dark grey bases with buffywhite tips which may have an orange tinge. The main diagnostic characters are in the dentition. In profile, the upper premolars are both well developed, similar in height to each other, and about 2/3 the height of the canine ( +Figs. 3d +and +4d +). The mesostyles of the first and second upper molars (M +1 +and M +2 +) are greatly reduced, often worn off, with a deep U-shaped indentation in the labial side of the molars ( +Fig. 4d +). In the lower toothrow, the posterior section (talonid) of the molars M +1 +and M +2 +is greatly reduced relative to the anterior section (trigonid; +Fig. 5d +). Viewed from above, on the lingual side, the length of the talonid is less than half the length of the trigonid. In lateral view, the cusps are no more than half the height of the anterior cusps. + + + + +Discussion + + +In overall skull shape and size, as well as dental characters, these specimens resemble closely BMNH 1909.4.4.4 from +India +, which is listed in the BMNH catalogue as a +syntype +of + +M. cyclotis +Dobson 1872 + +. + + +Nevertheless, this species is referred with some hesitation to + +M. cyclotis + +because genetic analyses suggest considerable variation in COI sequences among specimens referred to this species (figure +4 in + +Francis +et al. +, 2010 + +). We found intra-specific variation of more than 5% among specimens from +Laos +, and had two specimens with sequences that diverged by more than 15% from Lao material: one specimen from +Krabi +in Peninsular +Thailand +(ROM +110439 +), and one from +Tamil Nadu +in +India +(HZM 17.36447). Analyses of cytochrome +b +sequences from a specimen from northern +India +, somewhat closer to the +type +locality, suggests that it is similarly divergent from both the southern +Thailand +and Lao material (J. L. Eger, unpublished data). Morphologically, we have not been able to identify diagnostic differences among these specimens, but analysis of morphological variation is complicated by the fact that most specimens show extensive, but variable, tooth wear, and there is strong sexual dimorphism in size (as with many other species of + +Murina + +). Subtle differences in overall size, or relative shapes or sizes of teeth are thus difficult to discern without longer series from each region. While we suspect that this may prove to represent a species complex, we consider it premature to identify species boundaries in this group. With limited data on genetic and morphological variation among specimens from different parts of the range, we cannot be sure how many species are represented, and whether different forms may overlap in range. + + + +FIG. 1. Distribution of known specimen records of + +Murina + +from Laos and surrounding countries for (a) + +M. cyclotis + +, (b) + +M. feae + +, (c) + +M. huttoni + +, and (d) + +M. eleryi + +. Solid circles (●) mark locations for specimens examined by the authors from Laos, Vietnam or southern China or extracted from Genbank or the Barcodes of Life databases, while open circles (○) mark locations extracted from the published literature (see Appendix for specimen details). On map (b), the solid star represents the type locality of + +M. feae + +, while the open star represents the type locality for + +M. cineracea + +. On map (d), the open star represents the type locality for + +M. eleryi + + + + + +FIG. 2. Distribution of known specimen records of + +Murina + +from Laos and surrounding countries for (a) + +M. harrisoni + +, (b) + +M. walstoni + +, (c) + +M. fionae + +sp. nov. +, and (d) + +M. annamitica + +sp. nov. +Solid circles (●) represent locations for specimens examined by the authors from Laos and surrounding countries (see Appendix and text for specimen details). Solid stars represent type localities for each species. Hollow circles represent records from the published literature. On map (a), the open star marks the type locality for + +M. tiensa + +, here considered a synonym of + +M. harrisoni + +, while the open circle marks the location of additional material referred to + +M. tiensa + +by + +Csorba +et al +. (2007) + + + + +We do, however, recognize the much larger + +M. peninsularis +Hill 1963 + +from peninsular +Thailand +, +Malaysia +and Borneo as a distinct species, based on its consistently larger size and distinctive DNA barcodes (figure +4 in + +Francis +et al +., 2010 + +). The three sequences for this species included in + +Francis +et al +. (2010) + +all came from +Pahang +, in Peninsular +Malaysia +close to the +type +locality for + +M. peninsularis + +. They are very similar to three sequences for specimens from peninsular +Thailand +(C. M. Francis unpublished data), suggesting little variation in the species within peninsular +Malaysia +and +Thailand +. Morphologically, + +M. peninsularis + +is similar to one of the new species that we describe below (which includes a specimen identified as + +M. peninsularis + +by +Matveev and Csorba, 2007 +), but it is genetically very distinct from that species. + + + + +Distribution and ecology + + +This was the most common and widespread species in our surveys, with 88 individuals captured from 26 distinct locations, including all major regions where we surveyed ( +Fig. 1a +, Appendix). The species was first reported from +Laos +by +Osgood (1932) +from +Phongsali +, and has subsequently been reported from many localities in adjacent countries. It was caught sympatrically with every other species of + +Murina + +that we captured in +Laos +, in a range of habitats from dry dipterocarp forest to montane evergreen rainforest, and in both undisturbed and highly altered habitats, as long as they had tree cover. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFDCFF996BDDFCEAFB101212.xml b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFDCFF996BDDFCEAFB101212.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f82e0c8d68f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/9E/16319E21FFDCFF996BDDFCEAFB101212.xml @@ -0,0 +1,621 @@ + + + +A review of tube-nosed bats (Murina) from Laos with a description of two new species + + + +Author + +Francis, Charles M. +National Wildlife Research Centre, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada, Ottawa K 1 A 0 H 3, Canada & Corresponding author: E-mail: charles. francis @ ec. gc. ca +charles.francis@ec.gc.ca + + + +Author + +Eger, Judith L. +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada + +text + + +Acta Chiropterologica + + +2012 + +2012-06-01 + + +14 + + +1 + + +15 +38 + + + +journal article +21469 +10.3161/150811012X654231 +9a038753-d004-4647-9f2e-5c7872c35985 +1733-5329 +3945152 + + + + + + +Murina huttoni +(Peters 1872) + + + + + + +( +Figs. 3c +, +4c +, +5c +; +Tables 1 +, 2; Map +Fig. 1c +) + + + + + +Specimens examined from +Laos + + + +ROM: +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +(see Appendix for details, including information from adjacent countries and the literature). + + + + +Description + + +Externally, especially in fur colour, specimens of this species from +Laos +appear somewhat similar to + +M. cyclotis + +but are considerably larger ( +Tables 1 +, 2) with relatively longer, narrower ears. The fur of the dorsum is long and fluffy, with slate grey bases for about 20% of the length, then a pale buffy band ( +≈ +35%) which darkens gradually into a darker orange-brown band ( +≈ +45%). The ventral fur is similar but somewhat paler. The interfemoral membrane is extensively covered with reddish-brown hairs which are longer near the body and shorter near the edge. At the foot, the membrane inserts on the side of the toe, near the base of the claw. + + + +TABLE 1. Selected external measurements and body mass [mean (minimum–maximum; +n +)] for eight species of + +Murina + +from Laos, including the holotypes of two new species and the holotype of + +M. feae + +from Myanmar + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Species +n +SexForearm (mm)Ear (mm)Mass (g)
+ +M. cyclotis + +31♂♂30.1 (28.3–31.8; 31)15.0 (13.5–16.5; 17)5.0 (3.8–6.4; 28)
43♀♀33.3 (31.1–36.4; 43)15.8 (15.0–17.1; 20)6.7 (4.5–9.1; 40)
+ +M. feae + +22♂♂29.5 (27.5–32.4; 22)14.0 (13.0–14.9; 14)4.5 (3.2–5.5; 22)
11♀♀31.3 (29.1–32.8; 11)13.9 (12.0–15.0; 10)4.5 (3.3–6.4; 11)
MSNG 44307♂29.012.8–
+ +M. huttoni + +1♂35.116.77.1
2♀♀36.1 (35.8–36.4; 2)16.8 (16.2–17.4; 2)11.2 (10–9–11.5; 2)
+ +M. eleryi + +1♂28.512.93.7
2♀♀29.4 (29.0–29.8; 2)13.1 (13.0–13.2; 2)7.1 (6.5–7.7; 2)
+ +M. harrisoni + +1♀40.817.012.0
+ +M. walstoni + +12♂♂32.0 (30.5–34.4; 12)13.1 (12.5–13.6; 7)5.2 (4.4–5.9; 12)
10♀♀33.2 (31.4–34.3; 9)13.3 (12.3–13.8; 10)6.0 (4.9–7.7; 10)
+ +M. fionae + +sp. nov. +1♀38.216.112.6
ROM 106383 (holotype)♂36.816.39.1
+ +M. annamitica + +sp. nov. +5♂♂30.6 (30.0–30.9; 5)13.4 (13.1–14.0; 4)5.1 (4.7–5.3; 5)
1♀32.214.59.6
ROM 106467 (holotype)♂30.813.25.3
+ + +The species is most readily distinguished by its size and dentition. Like + +M. cyclotis + +, the anterior upper premolar is similar in size to the posterior premolar; however, the mesostyles of the first and second upper molars (M +1 +and M +2 +) are well developed, similar in height to the other cusps such that the cusps form a relatively well developed W-pattern, and there is no strong indentation on the labial side of the molars ( +Fig. 4c +). In the lower toothrow, the talonids of the lower molars, M +1 +and M +2 +are well developed; viewed from above, the length of the talonid on the lingual side is only slightly less than that of the trigonid; in lateral view, the posterior cusps are about 2/3 the height of the anterior cusps ( +Fig. 5c +). + + + + +FIG. 3. Skull profiles of specimens of eight species of + +Murina + +from Laos: (a) + +M. harrisoni + +, EBD 24974; (b) + +M. fionae + +sp. nov. +ROM 106383; (c) + +M. huttoni + +ROM 106419; (d) + +M. cyclotis + +, ROM 106431; (e) + +M. annamitica + +sp. nov. +ROM 106467; (f) + +M. eleryi + +, +ROM 106411 +; (g) + +M. walstoni + +ROM + +110450 + +; (h) + +M. feae + +, +ROM 106477 +. Scale bar = +5 mm + + + + +FIG. 4. Upper left toothrows of specimens of eight species of + +Murina + +from Laos: (a) + +M. harrisoni + +, EBD 24974; (b) + +M. fionae + +sp. nov. +ROM 106383; (c) + +M. huttoni + +ROM 106419; (d) + +M. cyclotis + +, ROM 106431; (e) + +M. annamitica + +sp. nov. +, ROM 106467; (f) + +M. eleryi + +, +ROM 106411 +; (g) + +M. walstoni + +ROM + +110450 + +; (h) + +M. feae + +, +ROM 106477 +. Scale bar = +5 mm + + + + +FIG. 5. Lower left toothrows of specimens of eight species of + +Murina + +from Laos: (a) + +M. harrisoni + +, EBD 24974; (b) + +M. fionae + +sp. nov. +ROM 106383; (c) + +M. huttoni + +ROM 106419; (d) + +M. cyclotis + +, ROM 106431; (e) + +M. annamitica + +sp. nov. +, ROM 106467; (f) + +M. eleryi + +, +ROM 106411 +; (g) + +M. walstoni + +ROM + +110450 + +; (h) + +M. feae + +, +ROM 106477 +. Scale bar = +5 mm + + + + +Discussion + + +In dental and cranial characters these match the +holotype +of + +M. huttoni +(Peters 1872) + +from +India +(BMNH 1879.11.21.685) as well as that of + +M. huttoni rubella +Thomas 1914 + +(BMNH 1908.8.11.6) from Fokien, +China +. The latter was described as differing mainly in fur colour, being more reddish orange, while + +M. h. +huttoni + +is apparently more greyish brown (although the +holotype +is in alcohol and the colour is now hard to discern). If this character is reliable, the Lao specimens would appear to match more closely with +M. h. rubella +as was also suggest- ed by + +Hendrichsen +et al +. (2001) + +for Vietnamese specimens. Further specimens, preferably with genetic data, will be required from various locations throughout the range, including the type localities of + +huttoni + +and +rubella +to determine whether this variation is appropriately recognized at a subspecies level. + + + + +Distribution and ecology + + +All three of the Lao specimens were caught at the same location on +April 10 and 11, 1996 +at Pha Deng, +≈ +8 km +E of Ban Navang, +Khammouan Province +, +Laos +( +17°57’N +, +105°23’E +); altitude +1140 m +, in the understorey of hill rainforest ( +Fig. 1c +). An additional specimen from +Quang Nam province +in +Vietnam +(ROM 111359) was also caught in premontane evergreen forest. + +Hendrichsen +et al +. (2001) + +reported two specimens from Kon Ka Kinh, from montane rainforest at +1550–1600 m +a.s.l., although their third specimen was subsequently identified as + +M. tiensa +( + +Csorba +et al +., 2007 + +) + +, which we here consider a synonym of + +M. harrisoni + +(see below). +Lekagul and McNeely (1977) +reported a specimen from Chieng Mai, +Thailand +, but no details are available on its habitat. + +Csorba +et al +. (2007) + +examined one specimen from +Thailand +(79.1418) in the BM(NH), but provided no details on it, and it is unclear whether it was the same specimen referenced by +Lekagul and McNeely (1977) +. +Yenbutra and Felten (1986) +listed another specimen from Chieng Mai (SMF 53218), but we have re-identified that as + +M. harrisoni + +(see below). + + +This is the only species of + +Murina + +still considered to occur both in the Malay Peninsula and in Indochina, based on a single record of the species from hill rainforest at an altitude of +1450 m +on Gunong Benom in +Pahang +, +Malaysia +( +Hill, 1972 +), after the recognition that + +M. peninsularis + +is a distinct species from + +M. cyclotis + +(as noted above). However, it would be premature to speculate on biogeographic explanations until additional specimens have been obtained and genetic sequences analysed to confirm that Malaysian + +M. huttoni + +is, in fact, the same species as the form in Indochina. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/CA/1631CAA1CCA726235745CEA451F55125.xml b/data/16/31/CA/1631CAA1CCA726235745CEA451F55125.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13bfbe432ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/CA/1631CAA1CCA726235745CEA451F55125.xml @@ -0,0 +1,353 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Emballonuridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +381 +391 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) +Thomas 1922 + + + + + +Species and subspecies: +14 species with 22 subspecies: + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) achates +Thomas 1915 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) achates +subsp. +achates +Thomas 1915 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) achates +subsp. +minor +Kitchener 1995 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) australis +Gould 1854 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) georgianus +Thomas 1915 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) hamiltoni +Thomas 1920 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) hildegardeae +Thomas 1909 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) hilli +Kitchener 1980 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) kapalgensis +McKean and Friend 1979 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) longimanus +Hardwicke 1825 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) longimanus +subsp. +longimanus +Hardwicke 1825 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) longimanus +subsp. +albipinnis +Thomas 1898 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) longimanus +subsp. +kampenii +Jentink 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) longimanus +subsp. +leucopleurus +Dobson 1875 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) mauritianus +E. Geoffroy 1818 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) melanopogon +Temminck 1841 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) melanopogon +subsp. +melanopogon +Temminck 1841 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) melanopogon +subsp. +bicolor +Temminck 1841 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) melanopogon +subsp. +cavaticus +Hollister 1913 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) melanopogon +subsp. +fretensis +Thomas 1916 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) melanopogon +subsp. +phillipinensis +Waterhouse 1845 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) nudiventris +Cretzschmar 1830 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) nudiventris +subsp. +nudiventris +Cretzschmar 1830 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) nudiventris +subsp. +kachhensis +Dobson 1872 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) nudiventris +subsp. +magnus +Wettstein 1913 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) nudiventris +subsp. +nudaster +Thomas 1915 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Liponycteris) nudiventris +subsp. +zayidi +Harrison 1955 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) perforatus +E. Geoffroy 1818 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) perforatus +subsp. +perforatus +E. Geoffroy 1818 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) perforatus +subsp. +haedinus +Thomas 1915 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) perforatus +subsp. +senegalensis +Desmarest 1820 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) perforatus +subsp. +sudani +Thomas 1915 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) theobaldi +Dobson 1872 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) theobaldi +subsp. +theobaldi +Dobson 1872 + + + +Subspecies + +Taphozous (Taphozous) theobaldi +subsp. +secatus +Thomas 1915 + + + +Species + +Taphozous (Taphozous) troughtoni +Tate 1952 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/D4/1631D48A81B58F8E3E5FF8E2780853A7.xml b/data/16/31/D4/1631D48A81B58F8E3E5FF8E2780853A7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..df058118df0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/D4/1631D48A81B58F8E3E5FF8E2780853A7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Brazilian Trichoptera Checklist II + + + +Author + +Paprocki, Henrique + + + +Author + +Franca, Diogo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1557 +1557 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 +1314-2828--1557 + + + + +Atopsyche (Atopsaura) hatunpuna Schmid, 1989 + + + +Distribution +Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo + + +Notes + +Schmid 1989 +, +Dumas and Nessimian 2012 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/31/DE/1631DEB996818EF575BD987F47005156.xml b/data/16/31/DE/1631DEB996818EF575BD987F47005156.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de8e05e4c47 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/31/DE/1631DEB996818EF575BD987F47005156.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5447 +5447 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 +1314-2828--5447 + + + + +Micrulia (Opistheploce) cinerea (Warren 1896) + + + + +Micrulia (Opistheploce) cinerea +Warren 1896 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: sex: +m +; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: NHM + + + + +Distribution +Type locality: [Moluccas], Batchian [Batjan Island] + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/32/A9/1632A93A8951D829A4807AD40B284764.xml b/data/16/32/A9/1632A93A8951D829A4807AD40B284764.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9670aedd8c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/32/A9/1632A93A8951D829A4807AD40B284764.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A cybercatalogue of American sand fly types (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) deposited at the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Adams, Zoe J. O. + + + +Author + +Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +24484 +24484 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24484 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24484 +1314-2828-6-24484 + + + + +Psathyromyia aclydifera Fairchild & Hertig, 1952 + + + + +Phlebotomus aclydiferus +Fairchild & Hertig, 1952 ( +Fairchild and Hertig 1952 +) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Paratype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1721992 +; sex: +Female +; Taxon: scientificName: Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) aclydifera (Fairchild & Hertig, 1952); Location: country: +Panama +; stateProvince: +Colon +; locality: + +Mojinga swamp, nr. +Gatun + +; Event: eventDate: +08-21-51 +; eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/111; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paratype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1721993 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) aclydifera (Fairchild & Hertig, 1952); Location: country: +Panama +; stateProvince: +Chiriqui +; municipality: +Baru +; locality: +Puerto Armuelles +; Event: eventDate: +06-09-51 +; eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/112; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + + + +Distribution +Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama + + +Notes + +Valid species in +Psathyromyia (Xiphopsathyromyia) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/32/D7/1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.xml b/data/16/32/D7/1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a59ba81567c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/32/D7/1632D73D57982729CBB0153E56D9C072.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Systematics of the new genus Spinosuncus Chen, Zhang & Li with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Pyraustinae) + + + +Author + +Chen, Kai + + + +Author + +Zhang, Dandan + + + +Author + +Li, Houhun + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +799 + + +115 +151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.23925 +1313-2970-799-115 +566B1801116044709BF1A6B7A88E802E +566B1801116044709BF1A6B7A88E802E + + + + +Spinosuncus +gen. n. + + + +Type species. + +Paliga contractalis +Warren, 1896 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Species of +Spinosuncus +can be recognized externally by the yellow to fulvous wing ground colour, the fulvous to brown lines, the distinct subterminal +lines +usually arched to CuA2 then obviously angled or concave near the tornus. Diagnostic characters in the male genitalia are the short and stout, strongly sclerotized uncus distally with two spines or teeth, the lamellate, distally inflated sella set with fin-shaped setae forming editum, the dorsally inflated sacculus with the dorsal margin sclerotized and usually spinulose, the distally broad and usually spinulose phallus, and the spine-like cornuti appear funnel-shaped in the distal end of the vesica. The female genitalia are characterized by the strongly sclerotized lamella postvaginalis always extended dorsolaterally, and the sclerotized transverse band posteriorly in the cup-shaped antrum. + + +Spinosuncus +moths are most similar in appearance to +Pseudopagyda +Slamka, 2013. Some species of +Spinosuncus +can be distinguished by the much smaller wingspan (usually less than 24 mm). However, some +Spinosuncus +species have a similar body size to +Pseudopagyda +, but they can still be differentiated by the wavy or dentate lines on the wings dorsally, especially the sinuate (rather than oblique, or slightly curved as in +Pseudopagyda +) anterior part of the postmedial line near the costa. In the male genitalia, the sclerotized uncus, the fin-shaped setae (editum) of the sella, and the inflated sacculus distinguish +Spinosuncus +from +Pseudopagyda +. In the female genitalia, the long and slender ductus bursae is distinct from the extremely short ductus bursae of +Pseudopagyda +. + + + + +Description +. + + +Head. Frons oblique, yellowish brown, with white lateral bands. Vertex with moderately raised scales projecting between antennae. Labial palpus obliquely upturned, exceeding frons by 2/3 length of head or slightly less, third palpomere porrect, yellowish brown with base contrastingly white. Maxillary palpus small, yellowish brown, tips pale yellow, sometimes mixed with white. Proboscis well developed, with basal scaling white. Antenna pale yellow, with cilia as long as width of corresponding flagellomeres in male. Thorax. With appressed scales, yellow. Legs unmodified. Foreleg brown, tibia white with brown cross band medially, tarsus white; midleg pale brown, tibia and tarsus white ventrally; hind leg pale yellow, tinged with white, basal inner spur longer than apical inner spurs. Forewing subtriangular, termen gently arched; retinaculum a tuft of curved bristles from below base of discal cell. Hindwing fan-shaped, costal margin translucent whitish; frenulum simple in male, with two acanthae in female. Wing venation (Figure 2) in forewing with cell about half length of wing; R1 free, from 4/5 of anterior margin of cell, R2 free but adjacent to stem of R3+R4 in about basal half, R3 and R4 stalked to about 2/3, R4 to just before apex, R5 parallel to stalked R3+R4 at base then diverging; M1 moderately close to R5 at base, M2 widely separate from M1, closing vein concavely curved; M2, M3 and CuA1 from posterior angle of cell, M3 closer to M2 at base than to CuA1, then diverging; CuA2 from 3/5 of posterior margin of cell; 1A faintly sinuate to tornus, 2A forming complete loop and distally recurved before joining 1A, sometimes disconnected. Hindwing with cell about 1/3 length of wing; Sc+R1 and Rs anastomosing for 1/3 beyond end of discal cell, Rs and M1 short-stalked, closing vein concave, angled medially; M3 closer to M2 at base than to CuA1, parallel with M2 at base, then diverging; 1A complete but weak, 3A curved. Abdomen. Slender, usually yellowish, sometimes dark brown, apical margin of segments usually tinged with white. Male genitalia. Uncus short and stout, nearly quadrate, with wide base; usually strongly sclerotized; distal end with two or four sharp spines laterally or distally bifid forming two teeth; glabrous or ventrolaterally set with few setae, or densely setose at base of teeth. Tegumen quadrate. Vinculum U-shaped. Saccus short, near triangular, rounded at apex. Valva tongue-shaped, varying in width, tapering towards apex, set with hair-like setae on inner side; transtilla sub-triangular, meeting in middle, usually with setae on dorsal margin; costa simple, costal sclerotized band narrow to broad, extended to beyond 2/3 of dorsal margin; sacculus broad, expanded except basal part, with dorsal margin strongly sclerotized and often spinose; sella slender to broad, lamellate, distally inflated, set with modified setae (editum), varying from fin-shaped to thick, needle-shaped. Juxta heart-shaped to nearly pentagonal. Phallus with distal part broad and moderately setose, usually spinulose; vesica in distal part with numerous spine-like cornuti appear funnel-shaped, sometimes with several large spicules. Female genitalia. Ovipositor lobes flat, densely setose. Sinus vaginalis well developed, membranous, usually with sclerotized, streak-like or hook-like notches anterolaterally (absent in +S. praepandalis +and +S. curvisetaceus +); lamella postvaginalis band-shaped, sclerotized (weakly sclerotized in +S. contractalis +, +S. rectacutus +and +S. brevacutus +), always extended dorsolaterally. Antrum membranous or sclerotized and granulated, cup-shaped, with sclerotized transverse band posteriorly. Ductus seminalis originating from anterior end +of +colliculum. Ductus bursae with base slightly rotated, as long as or longer than length or diameter of corpus bursae; colliculum ring-shaped, sclerotized. Corpus bursae drop-shaped or globular; accessory bursa present, sometimes with second signum at base; main signum rhomboid. + + + +Figure 2. Wing venation of +Spinosuncus praepandalis +. + + + + +Biology. + +All of the Chinese material has been collected during the night at light. Host information is currently unavailable. +Spinosuncus aureolalis +and +S. contractalis +occur sympatrically with species of +Pseudopagyda +in some places. According to + +Baenziger +(1995) + +, they are not lachryphagous. + + + +Distribution. + +Spinosuncus +occurs in South China (Figure 28), India, and Thailand. + + + +Etymology. + +The generic name is a compound word that refers to the uncus distally with spines ( +"spinosus" +in Latin). The resultant name is masculine in gender. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/33/75/163375F8006E8B20AB4B06DA645A2610.xml b/data/16/33/75/163375F8006E8B20AB4B06DA645A2610.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88e1f5464de --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/33/75/163375F8006E8B20AB4B06DA645A2610.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Zoophthorus graculus (Gravenhorst, 1829) + + + + +Bassus graculus +Gravenhorst, 1829 + + +auriculatus +(Thomson, 1884, +Hemiteles +) + + +albomarginatus +(Bridgman, 1887, +Hemiteles +) + + + +Distribution +England, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/33/D1/1633D18005BB5E449967F9DFBE95BB36.xml b/data/16/33/D1/1633D18005BB5E449967F9DFBE95BB36.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6cb2582eed6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/33/D1/1633D18005BB5E449967F9DFBE95BB36.xml @@ -0,0 +1,630 @@ + + + +Revisions of the clavipes and pruni species groups of the genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Syrphidae) + + + +Author + +Vujić, Ante +0000-0002-8819-8079 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + + + +Author + +Radenković, Snežana +0000-0002-7805-9614 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + + + +Author + +Likov, Laura +0000-0002-7215-1006 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + + + +Author + +Tubić, Nataša Kočiš +0000-0002-6077-7378 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + + + +Author + +Popov, Grigory +0000-0002-2519-1937 +I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Bohdan Khmelnytsky Street 15, UA- 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine & Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Alicante, PO Box. 99, 03080 Alicante, Spain + + + +Author + +Gilasian, Ebrahim +Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, 19395 - 1454, Iran + + + +Author + +Djan, Mihajla +0000-0002-2427-0676 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + + + +Author + +Milosavljević, Marina Janković +0000-0002-2136-815X +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + + + +Author + +Ačanski, Jelena +0000-0003-1745-6410 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-05-28 + + +1203 + + +1 +69 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1203.118842 +C1A2654B-7DC3-4451-91B7-49B29304FBED + + + + + +Merodon aequalis +Vujić, Radenković & Likov + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 23 +, +24 A, E, F +, +25 A +, +26 A, B +, +28 A +, +30 A +, +31 A +, +32 +, +33 +, +34 + + + + +Type material examined. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +State of Palestine +• +1 ♂ +; +Wadi Kabala Judean +hills; + +30 Apr. 1947 + +; in + +TAU + + +. + + + +Paratypes + +. + +Israel +• +1 ♂ +; +Golan +, +Qunaitra +; + +19 May 1983 + +; leg. +F. Kaplan +; in + +RMNH + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Golan +, + +5 km +south Qunaitra + +; + +19. v. 1983 + +; leg. +F. Kaplan +; in + +TAU + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Ekron +; + +28 May 1921 + +; in + +TAU + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Jerusalem +; + +6 May 1922 + +; leg. +P. A. Buxton +; in + +RMNH + + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Mrar +; + +14 May 1974 + +; leg. +M. Kaplan +; in + +TAU + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Rehovot +; + +28 Sep. 1920 + +; in + +RMNH + + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Rehovot +, + +28 Apr. 1920 + +; in + +TAU + + +• + +1 ♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; in + +TAU + + +• + +1 ♂ +; + +9 May 1925 + +; in + +RMNH + +. +State of Palestine + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Tikenias +; + +13 Oct. 1931 + +; leg. +U. Suenberg +; in + +NHMUK + + +• + +1 ♂ +; 8 +May +; +O. Theodor +; in + +TAU + + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Sternum 3 with long, equally distributed pilosity (Fig. +30 A +). In male the metatrochanter has a small calcar, almost absent (Fig. +25 A +); metafemur broad, ~ 3.5 × longer than wide, strongly curved, covered with long and dense pilosity ventrally (Fig. +25 A +); sternum 4 on Fig. +28 A +. Female with rounded metatrochanter (Fig. +31 A +) and shorter but dense pilosity on metafemur ventrally than in male (Fig. +31 A +). Similar to + +Merodon pallidus + +stat. rev. +from which differs by sternum 3 with equally distributed pilosity of the same length (Fig. +30 A +) (in + +M. pallidus + +stat. rev. +with a conspicuous area of very long pilosity medially; Fig. +30 D +: marked with arrow), the shape of sternum 4 of male (Fig. +28 A +) (slightly different in + +M. pallidus + +stat. rev. +; Fig. +28 D +), small calcar on metatrochanter in male, almost absent (Fig. +25 A +) (male of + +M. pallidus + +has a distinct calcar; Fig. +25 D +, while female of + +M. pallidus + +stat. rev. +has the metatrochanter angular; Fig. +31 C +). + + + + + + +S 3 of male, dorsolateral view +A + +M. aequalis + +sp. nov. +B + +M. cupreus + +C + +M. obscurus + +D + +M. pallidus + +E + +M. pruni + +. +B, D +area with distinct long pile marked with arrow. Scale bar: 1 mm. + + + + + + + +Metaleg of female, lateral view +A + +M. aequalis + +sp. nov. +B + +M. obscurus + +C + +M. pallidus + +D + +M. pruni + +. Scale bar: 1 mm. + + + + + +Description. + + +Male. Head (Fig. +24 A, E +). Pedicel and scapus reddish yellow; basoflagellomere from reddish yellow to brown (Fig. +24 A +), short, oval, ~ 1.3 × longer than wide, and ~ 2 × longer than pedicel, concave dorsally; fossette large, dorsolateral; arista reddish to brown and thickened at basal third; arista ~ 2.5 × longer than basoflagellomere; face and frons black, with dense whitish pollinosity; face covered with dense whitish pilosity; pile on frons yellow-whitish; oral margin shiny black, without pollinosity; lunula reddish to brown, bare; eye contiguity ~ 10–12 facets long; vertical triangle isosceles, shiny, black, covered with grey-yellowish pilosity mixed with black pile around equilateral ocellar triangle; occiput with grey-yellow to whitish pile, and grey pollinose; eyes covered with short, whitish grey pile (Fig. +24 E +). + + +Thorax (Fig. +32 A +). Scutum and scutellum black with brownish lustre, covered with short, grey-yellow to whitish pile; pilosity between wing basis mostly black, at least around wing basis; lateral sides of scutum, excluding wing basis covered with long, golden to yellowish pile; scutum with two narrow pollinose vittae; posterior margin of scutellum with long yellowish pilosity (Fig. +32 A +); posterodorsal part of anterior anepisternum, posterior anepisternum (except anteroventral angle), anterior anepimeron, dorsomedial anepimeron, and posterodorsal and anteroventral parts of katepisternum with longer, dense whitish to yellow pile; wings mostly covered with microtrichia; wing veins yellowish to light brown; calypteres and halteres whitish yellow; angular calcar on metatrochanter small, almost absent; femora black except yellowish apex; metafemur broad, ~ 3.5 × longer than wide, sparsely covered with long ventral pilosity (Fig. +25 A +); tibiae yellow to reddish, except brown medial ring; tarsi yellowish red, in some specimens brown dorsally. + + + + + + +Thorax of + +M. aequalis + +sp. nov. +, dorsal view +A +male +B +female. Scale bar: 1 mm. + + + +Abdomen. Elongated, ~ 1.3 × longer than mesonotum; tergum 1 black, terga 2–4 reddish yellow, medially partly brown; terga with a pair of broad, distinct silver-grey pollinose fasciate maculae; pile on terga yellow to whitish, medially short, adpressed, in some specimens black pile present on dark parts of terga 3 and 4 medially (Fig. +26 A +); sterna brown, covered with long, equally distributed whitish pile (Fig. +30 A +); posterior margin of sternum 4 with characteristic posteromedial circular incision (Fig. +28 A +). + + +Male genitalia (Fig. +33 +). Anterior surstylar lobe rectangular (Fig. +33 A +: al); posterior surstylar lobe large and broad, ~ 1.5 × longer than wide (Fig. +33 A +: pl); cercus rectangular (Fig. +33 A +: c); hypandrium sickle-shaped, without lateral projections; lingula short (Fig. +33 C +: l). + + + + + + +Male genitalia + +M. aequalis + +sp. nov. +A, B +epandrium +C +hypandrium. +A, C +lateral view +B +ventral view. Abbreviations: al-anterior surstylar lobe, c-cercus, l-lingula, pl-posterior surstylar lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. + + + +Female. Similar to the male except for normal sexual dimorphism and the following characteristics: frons with broad pollinose vittae along eyes or completely pollinose, and reddish at the level of the ocellar triangle (Fig. +24 F +); scutum with five distinct pollinose vittae (Fig. +32 B +); metatrochanter rounded; pilosity on the ventral surface of metafemur shorter but denser than in male (Fig. +31 A +); tergum 2 all reddish, while terga 3–5 more brownish (Fig. +26 B +). + + + + +Distribution and biology. + + +The range is restricted to +Israel +and the +State of Palestine +(Fig. +34 +). Its preferred environment is Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests. The vegetation of this ecoregion includes maquis, coniferous forests of + +Pinus halepensis +Mill. + +and + +P. brutia + +Ten., dry + +Quercus +spp. + +woodlands and steppe formations ( +WWF 2022 +). Flight period: April / October. Developmental stages: not described. + + + + + + +Distribution map of + +Merodon aequalis + +sp. nov. +and + +M. cupreus + +. + + + + + + + +Male genitalia + +M. cupreus + +A, B +epandrium +C +hypandrium +A, C +lateral view +B +ventral view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. + + + + + +Etymology. + + +Adjective + +aequalis + +meaning equal, similar, refers to the equally distributed pilosity of the same length on sternum +3 in +males opposite to the related species + +Merodon pallidus + +stat. rev. +with a conspicuous area of very long pilosity medially. Species epithet to be treated as an adjective. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/33/D9/1633D94A578BC5832F62E39E6D2AF519.xml b/data/16/33/D9/1633D94A578BC5832F62E39E6D2AF519.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fe102e3abae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/33/D9/1633D94A578BC5832F62E39E6D2AF519.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +Aquatic Insects from the Caatinga: checklists and diversity assessments of Ubajara (Ceara State) and Sete Cidades (Piaui State) National Parks, Northeastern Brazil + + + +Author + +Takiya, Daniela Maeda + + + +Author + +Santos, Allan Paulo Moreira + + + +Author + +Pinto, Angelo Parise + + + +Author + +Henriques-Oliveira, Ana Lucia + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Alcimar do Lago + + + +Author + +Sampaio, Brunno Henrique Lanzellotti + + + +Author + +Clarkson, Bruno + + + +Author + +Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo + + + +Author + +Avelino-Capistrano, Fernanda + + + +Author + +Goncalves, Ines Correa + + + +Author + +Cordeiro, Isabelle da Rocha Silva + + + +Author + +Camara, Josenir Teixeira + + + +Author + +Barbosa, Julianna Freires + + + +Author + +de Souza, W. Rafael Maciel + + + +Author + +Rafael, Jose Albertino + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8354 +8354 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8354 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8354 +1314-2828--8354 + + + + +Enochrus (Methydrus) atlantis Orchymont, 1943 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Santos, A.P.M. | Takiya, D.M. +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; lifeStage: +adult +; Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: +Piaui +; municipality: Piracuruca; locality: +Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Alojamento +; maximumElevationInMeters: 193; verbatimCoordinates: +4°5'57"S +, +41°42'34"W +; Identification: identifiedBy: +Bruno Clarkson +; Event: samplingProtocol: +White sheet light trap +; verbatimEventDate: +8.11.13 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +DZRJ +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +Brazil: PI, PE, MS, SP, RJ. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/34/65/1634659A8EE35F29A67980AAB3753224.xml b/data/16/34/65/1634659A8EE35F29A67980AAB3753224.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71d9ac7c8c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/34/65/1634659A8EE35F29A67980AAB3753224.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Floristic inventory and distribution characteristics of algific talus slopes in a specific area of forest biodiversity in South Korea + + + +Author + +Lee, Jong-Won +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-8396 +Korea National Arboretum, Yanggu, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Yun, Ho-Geun +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Hwang, Tae Young +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Kim, Kyungmin +Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Jung, Se-Hoon +Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +An, Jong Bin +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea +ajb8825@korea.kr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-18 + + +11 + + +113952 +113952 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952 +1314-2828-11-e113952 +5B963235F71B550FA1E3BC1F0E590B10 + + + + +Celtis jessoensis Koidz., 1913 + + + +Distribution +Korea, Japan + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/34/6E/16346E3D69641A7BF5785C4940299067.xml b/data/16/34/6E/16346E3D69641A7BF5785C4940299067.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b718622623 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/34/6E/16346E3D69641A7BF5785C4940299067.xml @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ + + + +Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups + + + +Author + +Salata, Sebastian + + + +Author + +Fisher, Brian L. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +905 + + +1 +235 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592 +1313-2970-905-1 +F4C766E4633A41039FFDE952718F41FB +4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961 + + + + +Pheidole makirovana +sp. nov. +Figs 54A-F +, 85E +, 87I + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +. + +Madagascar. •1 major worker; Antsiranana; Makirovana Forest; +-14.16506 +, +49.9477 +; alt. 900 m; 30 Apr 2011; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; BLF26745, CASENT0231059 (CASC). + +Paratype +. + +Madagascar. •1w.; same data as for holotype; CASENT0923174 (CASC). + + + +Other material. + +Madagascar. - +Antsiranana +: •2w., 1s., 2q.; 6.5 km SSW Befingotra, +Res +. Anjanaharibe-Sud; -14.75, 49.5; alt. 875 m; 23 Oct 1994; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198415, CASENT0198572, CASENT0235044, CASENT0235045 (CASC). •8w., 4s., 1q.; 9.2 km WSW Befingotra, +Res +. Anjanaharibe-Sud; -14.75, 49.46667; alt. 1200 m; 11 Nov 1994; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198570, CASENT0198571, CASENT0198574, CASENT0235107 (CASC). •2w., 2q.; Makirovana Forest; +-14.16506 +, +49.9477 +; alt. 900 m; 30 Apr 2011; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0231036, CASENT0231037, CASENT0923175 (CASC). •6w., 3s.; Parc National de Marojejy, Manantenina River, 27.6 km 35°NE Andapa, 9.6 km 327°NNW Manantenina; -14.435, 49.76; alt. 775 m; 15 Nov 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0495015, CASENT0495016, CASENT0495019 (CASC). •3w.; Parc National de Marojejy, Manantenina River, 28.0 km 38°NE Andapa, 8.2 km 333°NNW Manantenina; +-14.43667 +, +49.775 +; alt. 450 m; 12 Nov 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0077212 (CASC). - +Mahajanga +: •1w., 1s.; +Reserve +Speciale +Marotandrano, Marotandrano 48.3 km S Mandritsara; +-16.28322 +, +48.81443 +; alt. 865 m; 7 Dec 2007; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0134300 (CASC). - +Toamasina +: •2w., 2s.; F.C. Didy; +-18.19833 +, +48.57833 +; alt. 960 m; 16 Dec 1998; Ratsirarson leg.; CASENT0198558, CASENT0198898 (CASC). •5w., 2s.; Montagne +d'Akirindro +7.6 km 341°NNW Ambinanitelo; +-15.28833 +, +49.54833 +; alt. 600 m; 17 Mar 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0038919, CASENT0496319, CASENT0496320 (CASC). •2s.; Montagne +d'Anjanaharibe +, 19.5 km 27°NNE Ambinanitelo; +-15.17833 +, +49.635 +; alt. 1100 m; 12 Mar 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0038295, CASENT0038311 (CASC). •3w., 1s., 1m.; Parc National de Zahamena, Tetezambatana forest, near junction of Nosivola and Manakambahiny Rivers; +-17.74298 +, +48.72936 +; alt. 860 m; 18 Feb 2009; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0150555, CASENT0150556, CASENT0151067, CASENT0235021 (CASC). + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Major workers +. + +Head in full face view rectangular, slightly widening posteriorly; sides of the head with moderately dense, long, erect pilosity; frons with thick, sparse to moderately sparse, longitudinal rugae, interspaces smooth or with indistinct but dense rugulae; inner hypostomal teeth distinct, low, thick and triangular, with rounded apex; outer hypostomal teeth higher and slightly wider than inner hypostomal teeth, thick, with rounded tips, and wide base; inner and outer teeth closely spaced and connected by indistinct concavity; propodeal spines moderately long, narrow, with base slightly wider than top; first gastral tergite finely shagreened. + +Minor workers +. + +Whole head foveolate; thick, sparse, longitudinal to irregular rugae overlie foveolate sculpture on frons and malar area, upper part of frons with rugae curved outward; sparse, irregular to arcuate, thick rugae overlie foveolate sculpture on vertex and genae; promesonotum low, short, flat or slightly convex, with steep posterior declivity; mesosoma foveolate, with sparse, thick and irregular rugae overlying foveolae; anepisternum, katepisternum, and mesosoma smooth. + + + +Description. + +Major workers. +Measurements ( +N += 10): HL: 1.7-1.92 (1.8); HW: 1.57-1.7 (1.62); SL: 0.64-0.71 (0.68); EL: 0.18-0.2 (0.19); WL: 1.09-1.27 (1.18); PSL: 0.24-0.27 (0.26); MTL: 0.68-0.73 (0.7); PNW: 0.77-0.8 (0.78); PTW: 0.23-0.28 (0.25); PPW: 0.62-0.73 (0.68); CI: 87.2-95.0 (90.1); SI: 39.0-44.0 (41.7); PSLI: 13.4-15.9 (14.4); PPI: 32.4-39.7 (36.2); PNI: 46.4-50.0 (48.2); MTI: 41.1-44.4 (43.4). + +Head +. + +In full-face view rectangular, slightly widening posteriorly, anterior of eyes relatively straight, posterior of eyes slightly convex (Fig. +54B +). In lateral view sub-rectangular; ventral and dorsal faces finely convex; dorsal face finely depressed posteriorly, forming shallow transverse depression between frons and occipital lobes; inner hypostomal teeth invisible. Sides of the head with moderately dense, long, erect pilosity; whole head with dense, moderately long, suberect to erect pilosity. Antennal scrobes indistinct and not delimited by carinulae. Occipital lobes shiny, with thick, sparse, irregular rugae, interspaces smooth to finely rugulose; frons with thick, sparse to moderately sparse, longitudinal rugae, interspaces smooth or with indistinct but dense rugulae; lateral sides of head with thin, dense, irregularly rugoreticulate; malar area with dense and thin longitudinal rugulae; genae with fine, thin, dense rugulae. Clypeus shiny and smooth, with thin, longitudinal rugulae on lateral sides; median notch present, narrow and moderately deep; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, reaching midlength of head; pilosity decumbent to erect (Fig. +54B, D +). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, low, thick, and triangular, with rounded apex; outer hypostomal teeth higher and slightly wider than inner hypostomal teeth, thick, with rounded tips, and wide base; inner and outer teeth closely spaced and connected by indistinct concavity (Fig. +85E +). + +Mesosoma +. + +In lateral view, promesonotum short, angular, and relatively low, posterior mesonotum steep, with moderately large, tubercle-like projections; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove absent or indistinct; propodeal spines moderately long, narrow, with wide base, apex rounded; humeral area with small and flat tubercles (Fig. +54D +). Surface shiny, pronotum, mesonotum, anepisternum, and katepisternum smooth, with very sparse, thick to thin, irregular rugae, lateral sides of propodeum with few thick, longitudinal rugae; sometimes surface with additional indistinct and sparse rugulae on promesonotum. Pilosity moderately sparse, long, and erect (Fig. +54D, F +). + +Petiole +. + +Shiny, finely shagreened to smooth; peduncle short, with small, rounded horizontal lobes on its basal part; node moderately high and narrow, with convex apex, in rear view node relatively straight; pilosity moderately dense and erect (Fig. +54D, F +). + +Postpetiole +. + +Shiny and finely shagreened; short and rounded; in dorsal view sides with relatively long, acute, triangular projections; pilosity long, moderately dense and erect (Fig. +54D, F +). + +Petiole +. + +First gastral tergite shiny and finely shagreened; pilosity dense, long and erect (Fig. +54D, F +). + +Colour +. + +Unicolourous, brown to dark brown; legs dark yellow (Fig. +54D, F +). + + + +Figure 54. + +Pheidole makirovana + +sp. nov., full-face view ( +A +), profile ( +C +), and dorsal view ( +E +) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0923174) and full-face view ( +B +), profile ( +D +), and dorsal view ( +F +) of holotype major worker (CASENT0231059). + + + +Minor workers. +Measurements ( +N += 10): HL: 0.57-0.62 (0.59); HW: 0.53-0.57 (0.54); SL: 0.56-0.61 (0.59); EL: 0.11-0.12 (0.11); WL: 0.69-0.79 (0.75); PSL: 0.11-0.14 (0.12); MTL: 0.44-0.48 (0.47); PNW: 0.36-0.4 (0.37); PTW: 0.06-0.09 (0.07); PPW: 0.11-0.13 (0.12); CI: 88.5-94.6 (91.8); SI: 103.2-112.8 (107.8); PSLI: 17.9-23.6 (21.0); PPI: 54.6-67.2 (61.4); PNI: 66.8-71.8 (69.2); MTI: 80.0-90.7 (86.0). + +Head +. + +Occipital margin straight or indistinctly concave; occipital carina indistinct, weakly developed (Fig. +54A +). Pilosity moderately dense, long, erect. Whole head foveolate; thick, sparse, longitudinal to irregular rugae overlie foveolate sculpture on frons and malar area, upper part of frons with rugae curved outward; sparse, irregular to arcuate, thick rugae overlie foveolate sculpture on vertex and genae. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina present; two lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, surpassing the posterior head margin by two-fifths of its length; pilosity erect (Fig. +54A, C +). + +Mesosoma +. + +In lateral view, promesonotum low, short, flat or slightly convex, with steep posterior declivity; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove absent or indistinct; propodeal spines moderately long, triangular, apex acute (Fig. +54C +). Sculpture foveolate, with sparse, thick, and irregular rugae overlying foveolae; anepisternum, katepisternum, and mesosoma smooth. Pilosity sparse, long, and erect (Fig. +54C, E +). + +Petiole +. + +Peduncle moderately long and thin; node moderately high, triangular, and small; with few long, erect setae (Fig. +54C, E +). + +Postpetiole +. + +Short, low, and convex; with few short, erect setae (Fig. +54C, E +). + +Petiole +. + +With sparse, erect pilosity (Fig. +54C, E +). + +Colour +. + +Unicolourous, yellowish brown to brown; legs yellow (Fig. +54C, E +). + + + +Etymology. +From the type locality. + + +Biology. +The species was collected between 450-1200 m in elevation, in transitional humid forest, rainforest, and montane rainforest. Nests were located in rotten logs and rotten twigs on the ground. + + +Comments. + + +Pheidole makirovana + +sp. nov. is most similar to + +P. curvistriata + +sp. nov. + +Major workers +. + + +Pheidole makirovana + +sp. nov. differs from + +P. curvistriata + +sp. nov. by pronotum, mesonotum, anepisternum, and katepisternum with smooth notches and outer hypostomal teeth wider than inner hypostomal teeth. + +Minor workers +. + + +Pheidole makirovana + +sp. nov. differs from + +P. curvistriata + +sp. nov. by rugae on upper part of frons curved outward and smooth mesosoma. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/34/87/163487FAA769DA0B66BBFACFFC3C1B4E.xml b/data/16/34/87/163487FAA769DA0B66BBFACFFC3C1B4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..35dcb2fa414 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/34/87/163487FAA769DA0B66BBFACFFC3C1B4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + + + +Die Oleander-Ritterwanze Lygaeus creticus (Lucas, 1854) hat auch die Schweiz erreicht (Heteroptera, Lygaeidae) + + + +Author + +Bolt, Daniel +Via Crusch 8 A, CH- 7013 Domat / Ems GR; +bolt.dani@bluewin.ch + +text + + +Entomo Helvetica + + +2020 + +2020-06-01 + + +13 + + +147 +148 + + + +journal article +57150 +10.5169/seals-985893 +9c2db271-ae4b-4168-a43e-b83d8078a739 +1662-8500 +8113913 + + + +Aus dem Mittelmeerraum ist die Oleander-Ritterwanze oder Südeuropäische Ritterwanze + + + + +Lygaeus creticus +Lucas, 1854 + + + + + +beschrieben. Sie ernährt sich von Säften des Oleanders ( + +Nerium oleander + +). + + +Seit einigen Jahren vergrössert die Oleander-Ritterwanze zunehmend ihr Verbreitungsgebiet nach Norden. Im Jahre 2012 wurde die ost- und zentralmediterran verbreitete Art erstmals für Norditalien gemeldet ( +Dioli & Grazioli, 2012 +). 2017 wurde sie dann erstmals auch im Südtirol und damit neu für den Alpenraum nachgewiesen ( +Hilpold & Demetz 2017 +). + + + + + +Demetz +fand die Wanzen im + + +März +2017 in + + +St.Anton +am +Eingang des Sarntales +, in Gärten. Kurze Zeit später wurde sie mehrfach auch in +Bozen +beobachtet. + + +Aus Österreich +wurde bisher nur ein als Irrgast angesehenes +Exemplar +der Oleander-Ritterwanze gemeldet ( +Adlbauer 1992 +, +Rabitsch 2005 +). + + + + + +Abb. 1. Kopula von + +Lygaeus creticus +, Bellinzona + +(TI), 16. März 2019. (Foto Daniel Bolt) + + + + +Abb. 2. Fundort von + +Lygaeus creticus +, Bellinzona + +(TI), 16. März 2019. (Foto Daniel Bolt) + + + + +Bei einem Verwandtschaftsbesuch am 16. März +2019 in +Bellinzona (TI) wurde der Autor auf einen massiven Insektenbefall auf der Gartenterrasse aufmerksam gemacht. Als passionierter Entomologe musste dieser Sachlage selbstverständlich auf den Grund gegangen werden. Auf den Terrassenplatten und an den Backsteinwänden des Einfamilienhauses konnten tatsächlich rasch Dutzende, sich an der Frühjahrs-Sonne wärmende Ritterwanzen gefunden werden. Dem Autor war die Art jedoch nicht bekannt. Nach kurzer Suche im Internet wurde rasch klar, dass es sich bei den Wanzen um die Oleander-Ritterwanze + +Lygaeus creticus + +handelt ( +Abb. 1 +). Die Wanze ist an ihrer arttypischen Zeichnung gut zu erkennen. Der Garten rund um das Einfamilienhaus ist reich gesäumt mit Oleanderbüschen, die schon viele Jahre dort stehen ( +Abb. 2 +). So ist dieser Neufund durchaus plausibel. Die Oleander-Wanzen wurden in etwas geringerer Anzahl auch bei einem weiteren Besuch im +April 2019 +beobachtet. Im +Mai und Juni 2019 +konnten dann im Garten auch die Nymphen gefunden werden, und somit konnte die lokale Fortpflanzung belegt werden. +Hilpold & Demetz (2017) +schlossen bereits aus ihren Beobachtungen, dass die Oleander-Ritterwanze mit dem Klima in Bozen gut zurechtkommt. + +Die Beobachtungen in +Bellinzona +(TI) können dies bestätigen. An einem schönen Sonntag im + +Dezember 2019 + +wurden vereinzelte +adulte +, sich an der Hausfassade sonnende Tiere gefunden. + +Es ist anzunehmen, dass sich die Oleander-Ritterwanze bei lokalen Beständen von Oleander-Büschen im gesamten Alpen-Südraum angesiedelt hat und mittlerweile noch mancherorts anzutreffen sein dürfte. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/35/03/163503BB518ECF75FABE017A07287AE7.xml b/data/16/35/03/163503BB518ECF75FABE017A07287AE7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f120d5118e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/35/03/163503BB518ECF75FABE017A07287AE7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ + + + +Osservazioni sui Chilopodi dell'Appennino lucano e calabrese (Chilopoda) + + + +Author + +Marzio Zapparoli + +text + + +BIOGEOGRAPHIA-Lav. Soc. ital. Biogeoqr. N. S. + + +1986 + +10 + + +1984 + + +311 +340 + + + + +http://un.availab.le + +journal article +Zapparoli-1984-full-article + + + + + +Nannophilus eximus ( +Meinert, 1870 +) + + + + + +Nannophilus (Nesonannophilus) medius +: +Manfredi, 1957: 11, 22, 32 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/36/53/163653F89C5A417A59FA8992BF4B321C.xml b/data/16/36/53/163653F89C5A417A59FA8992BF4B321C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..09d8486db11 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/36/53/163653F89C5A417A59FA8992BF4B321C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + +Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation + + + +Author + +Candek, Klemen + + + +Author + +Gregoric, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Kostanjsek, Rok + + + +Author + +Frick, Holger + + + +Author + +Kropf, Christian + + + +Author + +Kuntner, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Miller, Jeremy A. + + + +Author + +Hoeksema, Bert W. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +980 +980 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 +1314-2828-1 + + + + +socialis +Drapetisca +Linyphiidae +Animalia + + + + +Drapetisca socialis (Sundevall, 1833) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kostanjsek +, +RTSB +2011 + +; sex: +1 female +; Location: locationID: SI02; country: +Slovenia +; locality: +Hrastovec +; minimumElevationInMeters: 270; maximumElevationInMeters: 270; decimalLatitude: +46.5613 +; decimalLongitude: +15.7953 +; Event: eventDate: +2011-07-22 +; habitat: forest + + + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kuntner, +Gregoric +, +Lokovsek + +; sex: +2 females +, +1 male +; Location: locationID: SI39; country: +Slovenia +; locality: +Primostek +; minimumElevationInMeters: 157; maximumElevationInMeters: 157; decimalLatitude: +45.6299 +; decimalLongitude: +15.2997 +; Event: eventDate: +2010-08-24 +; habitat: grassland + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/36/73/16367371C3385095BDF50622342B215D.xml b/data/16/36/73/16367371C3385095BDF50622342B215D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..87b992c063f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/36/73/16367371C3385095BDF50622342B215D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +Rhagophthalmidae Olivier, 1907 (Coleoptera, Elateroidea): described genera and species, current problems, and prospects for the bioluminescent and paedomorphic beetle lineage + + + +Author + +Kundrata, Robin +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9397-1030 +Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic +robin.kundrata@upol.cz + + + +Author + +Hoffmannova, Johana +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0216-6031 +Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Hinson, Kevin R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3111-4513 +EpiLogic GmbH Agrarbiologische Forschung und Beratung, Hohenbachernstr. 19 - 21, 85354, Freising, Germany + + + +Author + +Keller, Oliver +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5067-3316 +Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, P. O. Box 147100, Gainesville, FL, 32614 - 7100, USA + + + +Author + +Packova, Gabriela +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7949-619X +Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. listopadu 50, 77900, Olomouc, Czech Republic + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-11-01 + + +1126 + + +55 +130 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1126.90233 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1126.90233 +1313-2970-1126-55 +0ABE7C8DBD9C44ED89D3CACB78D12AB9 +22EA20E1A9255729AAA61C4099DDD686 + + + + + +Rhagophthalmus minutus Kawashima & +Sato +, 2001 + + + + + +Rhagophthalmus minutus +Kawashima & +Sato +, 2001: 428. + + + +Type depository. +Holotype, male (NWU). Three paratypes, males (two in NWU, one in PCIK). + + +Type locality. +Thailand: Kohn Kaen Province, "near Ban Lon, Lam Chee Yai". + + +Distribution. +Thailand. + + +Literature. + + +Kawashima and +Sato +(2001 + +: 428): original description, figures of male habitus, antenna, and genitalia; +Kawashima and Sugaya (2003 +: 358): comparison with + +R. formosanus + +; +Li et al. (2008a +: 265): distribution; +Li et al. (2008b +: 496): review. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/36/89/163689E009B6776A3E23ED26E836C672.xml b/data/16/36/89/163689E009B6776A3E23ED26E836C672.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e43a0e5c6ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/36/89/163689E009B6776A3E23ED26E836C672.xml @@ -0,0 +1,596 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Cyperaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/cyperaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Carex lachenalii +Schkuhr + + + + + +Schneehuhn-Segge + + + + +Art ISFS: 89100 Checklist: 1009920 +Cyperaceae +Carex +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + + +Bestimmungsschluessel + + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +5-20 cm +hoch. +Staengel +3kantig, steif aufrecht, +hoechstens +unter dem +Bluetenstand +etwas rau. + +Blaetter +1-2 mm +breit, flach + +, steif, +hellgruen +, meist nur halb so hoch wie der +Staengel +. + +Bluetenstand +kopfig bis +kurzaehrig +, 1-1,5 cm lang, mit 3-5 +Aehrchen + +, diese unten +maennlich +, oben weiblich, +3-7 mm +lang. Narben 2. +Deckspelzen rotbraun +, mit breitem Hautrand. +Fruchtschlaeuche +braun, undeutlich nervig, ca. +3 mm +lang. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 7-8 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Saure, moorige +Boeden +, +Schneetaelchen +/ (subalpin-)alpin / A (fehlt ANW) + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Arktisch-alpin + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +4w + 21-51 + 2.h.2n=58,62,64 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Anatomie + +Zusammenfassung +der Blattanatomie Obere Epidermiszellen +groesser +als untere. Verbindungs-Steg zwischen oberer und unterer Epidermis aus verholzten und nicht verholzten Zellen. +Leitbuendel +im Verbindungs-Steg unten eingebettet. +Leitbuendelhuelle +nicht verholzt. + + +Zusammenfassung der Stammanatomie + + +Umriss stumpf dreieckig. +Leitbuendel +in einer Reihe. Konische +Stuetzen +. Grosse, +unregelmaessige +Intercellularen. Epidermiszellen verholzt. Epidermiszellen mit Papillen. + + +Beschreibung (Englisch) + + +Culm-diameter +1-2 mm +, wall large, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness approximately 1: 0.5. Outline triangular, acutely. Culm-center hollow and surrounded by many large thin-walled, not lignified cells. Epidermis papillous (bulliform). Epidermis cells inside thin, peripheral thicker-walled (lignified). Large vascular bundles arranged in one peripheral row. Chlorenchyma in round, oval, square or rectangular groups. Sclerenchyma belt absent. Groups of sclerenchyma square or rectangular. Vascular bundles collateral closed. Sheath around vascular bundles absent or not lignified. Vessels arrangement in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle small, <20μm. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma-cells round, oval or radial. Crystals absent. Artifacts on material from herbaria, e.g. compressed and deformed culms or exaggerated distinct ribs. + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +4.4.2 - Kalkarmes +Schneetaelchen +( +Salicion herbaceae +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +sehr feucht; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ++/- +2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl Lsehr hellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rsauer (pH 3.5-6.5)Temperaturzahl T +unter-alpin, supra-subalpin und ober-subalpin ( +Arven-Laerchenwaelder +) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +sehr +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Carex lachenalii +Schkuhr + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Schneehuhn-Segge +, +Lachenals Segge +Nom +francais +: + +Laiche +de Lachenal + +Nome italiano: +Carice di Lachenal + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Checklist 2017 + +89100
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +2537
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +2713
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +2713
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +89100
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Landolt 1977 + +487
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Landolt 1991 + +426
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +89100
= +Carex lachenalii Schkuhr + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +2445
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU)--
Mittelland (MP)--
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/36/9E/16369ED527A3204D558789712991DEF1.xml b/data/16/36/9E/16369ED527A3204D558789712991DEF1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6b7055df5bb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/36/9E/16369ED527A3204D558789712991DEF1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +New ant species related to Cerapachys sexspinus and discussion of the status of Yunodorylus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). + + + +Author + +Borowiec, M. L. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2069 + + +43 +58 + + + + +http://hol.osu.edu/reference-full.html?id=22781 + +journal article +22781 +07A6B4C4-BCB0-42B8-83FB-2046E47A9AC3 + + + + +Cerapachys doryloides +n. sp. + + + +Figs. 1-2, 13 + + + +Holotype worker measurements: HW 0.62, HL 0.64, SL 0.32, MH 0.41, ML 0.95, PrW 0.42, PW 0.31, PL 0.30, IIIAW 0.45, IIIAL 0.35, IVAW 0.60, IVAL 0.41, FFeW 0.19, FFeL 0.45, HFeL 0.45, FTiL 0.37, HTiL +0.47 +, FBaL 0.23, HBaL 0.29, CI 103, MI 232, PI 97 + + + +Head almost as wide as long, widest at about midlength; sides parallel, slightly convex and converging anteriorly and posteriorly at about one fifth of head length; vertexal margin shallowly concave. Parafrontal ridges completely absent. Mandibles narrow and long; when closed, basal margin separated from anterior clypeal margin by wide gap. Basal margin long, meeting masticatory at obtuse angle; masicatory margin with two blunt teeth basally; remainder of margin elongated into broadly rounded apical tooth. Lateroclypeal tooth a small tubercle. Lateral portion of clypeus poorly developed, consisting only of semi-circular ridge surrounding antennal insertion. Antennae 12-segmented. Palp formula unknown. + + + +FIGURES 1-2. +Cerapachys doryloides +n. sp. +, holotype worker; 1: dorsal view; 2: side view. + + + +Mesosoma moderately stout, rectangular in dorsal view; dorsal surface flattened, bordered at the lateral sides by a distinct angle but with no margin. Openings of propodeal spiracles broadly oval, directed outwardly and upwardly at angle of 45°. Declivous face of propodeum immarginate above propodeal lobes. Propodeal lobes very small. Front femur short, very broad, and laterally compressed. Metatibial gland a whitish, elongate patch of cuticle, little longer than maximum width of hind tibia. + +Petiole +about as long as wide, with well developed dorsal and posterior faces. Subpetiolar process short and moderately broad; in side view with ventral margin sloping towards posterior end; translucent narrowing present along ventral margin, lamella gradually widening distally. + +Abdominal tergite III wide relative to following segment, in side view the whole segment is robust, with developed anterior, perpendicular face. +Pygidial field small, weakly impressed with four teeth on each side. +Hypopygidium unarmed. +Mandibles sculptured with widely spaced punctures, interspaces shining. Head with regular punctures, spaced from about half of their diameter on dorsal and anterior lateral surfaces, to wider than diameter in posterior lateral section. Similar sculpture on dorsal surface of mesosoma with longitudinal stripe devoid of sculpturation in middle. All interspaces shining. Lateral sides of mesosoma microreticulate, only area around propodeal spiracle devoid of any sculpture and shining. Sides of petiole microreticulate. +Body pilosity composed of (1) dense, subdecumbent hairs present on head, mesosoma, and abdominal segments and (2) about one and half times longer, subdecumbent to suberect hairs present on the pronotal shoulders, propodeum, petiole, margins of gastral tergites. Outer surface of middle tibiae with two modified peg-like setae. +Color: yellowish-orange with brownish mandibles and genal areas around mandibular insertions. Gyne and male unknown + + + +Diagnosis and discussion. This species is most easily recognized by its peculiar falcate mandibles, unique in described workers of +Cerapachyinae +. These are elongate, somewhat resembling the condition observed in +Dorylus +, with the narrow masticatory margin equipped with two (excluding apical) well visible teeth and meeting the long basal margin at an obtuse angle, resulting in a wide gap between mandibles and clypeal margin at closure (Fig. 13). + +Since only one specimen of this species was available for study, nothing can be said of individual variability and degree of worker polymorphism. + + + +Material examined. Holotype worker. MALAYSIA: Sarawak, Bako National Park, near Kuching, rainforest, soil core, IV 1978 (N.M. Collins) [ +BMNH +] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/36/A4/1636A415D7A2210C1021C2471FF3F203.xml b/data/16/36/A4/1636A415D7A2210C1021C2471FF3F203.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6313fefa858 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/36/A4/1636A415D7A2210C1021C2471FF3F203.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region - an expert opinion list + + + +Author + +Wesselingh, Frank +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Poorten, Jan Johan ter +Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kijashko, Pavel +Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Albrecht, Christian +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Anistratenko, Olga Yu +Schmalhausen Instite of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine & Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KievUkraine + + + +Author + +Frolov, Pavel +Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia + + + +Author + +Gándara, Alberto Martinez +Grigore Artipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania + + + +Author + +Gittenberger, Arjan +Gittenberger Marine Research, Inventory & Strategy, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Gogaladze, Aleksandre +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Mikhail Karpinsky +Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Popa, Luis +Grigore Antirpa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania + + + +Author + +Sands, Arthur F +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Vandendorpe, Justine +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Wilke, Thomas +Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +827 + + +31 +124 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365 +1313-2970-827-31 +10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651 +10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651 + + + + +Family +Neritidae +Rafinesque, 1815 + + + + +Theodoxus danubialis +(Pfeiffer, 1828) + + +*1828 +Nerita danubialis +Pfeiffer: 48, pl. 8, figs 17, 18. + + +2009 +Theodoxus danubialis +(C. Pfeiffer, 1828). - +Feher +et al.: figs 2 +a-k +, 4 +a-c +, 5 +a-c +. + + +2012 +Theodoxus danubialis +(Pfeiffer, 1828). - Welter-Schultes: 27, unnumbered text figures. + + +2016 +Theodoxus (Theodoxus) danubialis +(Pfeiffer, 1828). - Vinarski and Kantor: 156 [and synonyms therein]. + + + +Status. Accepted native species. + + +Type locality. Danube River, Vienna, Austria. + +Distribution. Danube River catchment, central to south-eastern Europe, as well as northern Italy ( + +Feher +et al. 2009 + +). + + + + +Taxonomic notes. The latest phylogenetic data supports a sister relationship between +Theodoxus danubialis +and the clade containing +T. fluviatilis +and +T. velox +(AFS, unpublished data). Some authors believe +T. danubialis +and +T. prevostianus +may represent different species given some level of genetic, ecological, and morphological differentiation ( + +Feher +et al. 2009 + +, +Welter-Schultes 2012 +; but see also +Bandel 2001 +). More recent unpublished results may suggest that the genetic level of differentiation between these species is more indicative of intraspecific diversity within a single species (AFS, unpublished data). + + + + +Conservation status. Least Concern ( +Tomovic et al. 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/37/53/163753E22216DBB5D79D35054904B2BC.xml b/data/16/37/53/163753E22216DBB5D79D35054904B2BC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ebbdac827d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/37/53/163753E22216DBB5D79D35054904B2BC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +451 +529 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Lasiurus (Lasiurus) cinereus +subsp. +villosissimus +E. Geoffroy 1806 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Lasiurus (Lasiurus) cinereus +subsp. +brasiliensis +Pira 1905 + +; + +Lasiurus (Lasiurus) cinereus +subsp. +grayi +Tomes 1857 + +; + +Lasiurus (Lasiurus) cinereus +subsp. +pallescens +Peters 1871 + +. + + + + +Discussion: +Subgenus + +Lasiurus + +, + +cinereus + +species group. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/37/B0/1637B00D5F9F240E1479FB4D2AA5AD54.xml b/data/16/37/B0/1637B00D5F9F240E1479FB4D2AA5AD54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..96b9bb27e14 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/37/B0/1637B00D5F9F240E1479FB4D2AA5AD54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1040 @@ + + + +A revision of Chilicola (Heteroediscelis), a subgenus of xeromelissine bees (Hymenoptera, Colletidae) endemic to Chile: taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography, with descriptions of eight new species + + + +Author + +Monckton, Spencer K. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +591 + + +1 +144 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.591.7731 +1313-2970-591-1 +DD65A7BB1B834CB298BA7E8E2257FA4F +DD65A7BB1B834CB298BA7E8E2257FA4F + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Colletidae + + + +Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) Toro & Moldenke, 1979 + + + + +Chilicola (Heteroediscelis) +Toro & Moldenke, 1979: 98, 112. +Michener 1992 +: 89. +Michener 1995 +: 335, 337 (partim, as +Chilicola (Oediscelis) +). +Michener 2002 +: 11. +Michener 2007 +: 182, 184 (partim, as +Chilicola (Oediscelis) +). Packer and Genaro 2007: 41, 50. +Packer 2008 +: 72-74, 77, 96. +Almeida et al. 2008 +: 80-81. +Moure et al. 2012 +. +Monckton 2014 +: 234. Packer 2014: 254, 262. +Ascher and Pickering 2015 +. + + + +Type species. + +Chilicola mantagua +Toro & Moldenke, 1979, by original designation. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Males are readily diagnosable by S1 with a robust, elongate, ventrally directed process, with truncate apex having a well-defined (sometimes oblique) apical +surface +(other +Chilicola +that have such a process have it either spatulate as in +Chilicola rubriventris +or narrowing to a pointed apex as in some species of +Oediscelis +). In females, the combination of protibia pale at least in basal half of dorsal surface, stigmal perpendicular basal to or interstitial with first recurrent vein (extending into basal quarter of second submarginal cell in some), and thorax ≤ 1.5mm wide separates this subgenus from all but three. From these, +Heteroediscelis +females are distinguished as follows: (1) from Unicarinicola by at least T1-T2 with apicolateral patches of white hair (lacking on all terga in Unicarinicola); (2) from +Pseudiscelis +by the pronotum not elongate, with medial length of collar at most one-quarter of anterior width of collar (at least one-third in +Pseudiscelis +); (3) from +Prosopoides +by the absence of distinct and depressed facial foveae, although these are sometimes represented by a poorly delimited, not-depressed shiny area of reduced puncture density. The more mesal longitudinal depressions of the paraocular area in +Chilicola neffi +and +Chilicola packeri +partially accommodate the scape and are not homologous with facial foveae (for example, species of the subgenus +Hylaeosoma +possess both). + + + +Redescription. +Small bees, length 4.2-6.8mm. + +Colouration: Both sexes black to black-brown, margin of pronotal lobe yellow, tegula translucent yellow, wing veins brown to translucent yellow basally, tarsal segments +II-IV +of all legs variable from dark with apices yellow to entirely yellow, metasomal terga and sterna (T1-T6 & S1-S6 in males, T1-T5 & S1-S5 in females) with translucent yellow or amber marginal zones, wider on recurved lateral portion of terga, widened medially on sterna. Male antenna with ventral surface yellow to yellow-brown, and following parts yellow: labrum and most of mandible, markings on clypeus and lower paraocular area, and on all legs at least on femoral apex and tibial base. Female labrum variable but usually black-brown, mandible variable at least partially dark, face entirely dark (rarely with a yellow-brown or yellow spot on lower paraocular area below anterior tentorial pit, and a single specimen with a brown median spot on clypeus just above upper margin of anterior tentorial pits), ventral surface of antenna yellow or yellow-brown, and yellow on legs at least on tibial base of fore- and midleg, and following parts invariable: yellow apical ring on profemur, broader on anterior surface; yellow apicodorsal rim on mesofemur; yellow-brown apicoventral rim on coxa and trochanter of all legs. + +Pubescence: White hairs generally short (0.5OD) and sparse, not especially plumose. Longer and denser on lower paraocular area and lateral margin of mesosomal dorsum. Mesal and lateral margins of scape with single row of long hairs forming a fringe. Genal beard longer and denser in males. Margin of pronotal lobe with short dense tomentum. Mesepisternum with long posteriorly curved hairs. Metasoma with apicolateral patches of white tomentum on at least T1-T2, apical margins of all terga otherwise with short and sparse appressed hairs and very sparse tiny setae medially. Male S1 with a few long, erect hairs basad of process, and S2 with long erect hairs dense, becoming shorter posteriorly. Female with scopae on metafemur and metatibia, corbiculate scopa on S2. + +Surface sculpture: Microsculpture imbricate, integument generally dull; punctures generally small and deep. Mesosomal dorsum except metapostnotum densely punctate +( +i=0.5-1d), metapostnotum usually coarsely rugose. Legs variably puncticulate. Malar space microsculpture completely smooth, shiny, and moderately densely punctate (i=1-2d) along anterior ocular margin, becoming puncticulate-aciculate along posterior ocular margin, with dense minute punctures extending to middle of mandibular base in longer-faced bees. Male lateral surface of pronotum moderately densely punctate posteriorly (i=1-2d) densely punctate anteriorly (i≤d); in females moderately densely punctate throughout. Male metasomal T2-T5 basal depressed area coarsely microsculptured and punctures obscure; in females not coarsely microsculptured. Male metasomal sterna shallowly and sparsely punctate (i≥2d) punctures deeper and denser apicolaterally (i=1-2d); in females sparsely and minutely punctate throughout. + +Structure: Anterior tentorial pits elongate, comma-shaped. Inner orbits of compound eye slightly convergent below. Length of pronotal collar medially ~1OD. Pronotum not elongate, at most one-quarter as long as anterior width. Probasitarsus elongate, ≥2.66 as long as maximum depth (usually ≥3). Metatibial spurs not unusually strongly sclerotized or curved. Metabasitarsus elongate, at least three times longer than maximum depth (usually ≥3.5). Stigmal perpendicular at first recurrent vein or in basal quarter of second submarginal cell. Male metafemur strongly swollen, weakly concave ventrally. Male metatibia robust and highly modified: shape approximately triangular in anterior view, with a ventral convexity leading to a rounded summit ventrally; deep longitudinal concavity on posterior surface; posterior surface with two longitudinal carinae: a ventral carina along inside of posterior concavity, and a posterior carina along lateral edge of posterior concavity (see Fig. 6B & D); apical lamina extending mediad from base of spurs, variable in shape and size, in part forming apical rim to posterior concavity. Metapostnotum well-defined, slightly depressed medially, longer than metanotum. Male S1 with a robust, elongate, ventrally directed process, with truncate apex with a well-defined and sometimes oblique apical surface. + + +Distribution. + +Known from Chile, as far north as San Pedro de Atacama (Region II) and south to Cuesta Las +Raices +(Region IX). Distributed throughout the Central Chilean sub-region, and found also in the Puna province (South American transition zone) and Maule province (Subantarctic sub-region); 0-3210m a.s.l. + + + +Ecology. + +Habitats range from +Araucaria araucana +Juss. forest to extreme desert. Recorded late August to late June, most abundant September to December. + + + + +Keys to the species of +Heteroediscelis + +Note: High magnification is required for some identifications; an ocular micrometer capable of distinguishing differences of 0.01mm is recommended. In frontal view, the perimeter of the median ocellus and the apex of the clypeus must be in the same plane of focus. +Males + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1A2
1B3
+2 +AMOC2B + +Chilicola travesia +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
2CMOC2D +Chilicola erithropoda +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
+3 +A +4
3B5
+4 +A4B + +Chilicola neffi +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
4C4D +Chilicola packeri +Monckton, sp. n. +
5A6
5B5C5D11
+6 +A6B +7
6C6D8
7A7A +Chilicola lickana +Monckton, sp. n. +
7B7B +Chilicola guanicoe +Monckton, sp. n. +
+8 +A + +Chilicola vicugna +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
8B9
+9 +A9B + +Chilicola mavida +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
9C9D10
10A10A10B10B +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +Monckton, sp. n. +
10C10C10D10D +Chilicola mayu +Monckton, sp. n. +
+11 +A11B11C +12
11D11E11F15
12A12B12C +Chilicola charizard +Monckton, sp. n. +
12D12E12F13
+13 +A13B13C +14
13D13E13F +Chilicola katherinae +Monckton, sp. n. +
+14 +A14B + +Chilicola diaguita +
14C14D +Chilicola vina +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
+15 +A15B15C + +Chilicola randolphi +Monckton, sp. n. +
15D15E15F16
16A16B16C +Chilicola deserticola +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
16D16E16F +Chilicola mantagua +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
+ + +Females + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
17A2
+17B +Chilicola mantagua +17C +5
+18 +A18B18C18C + +Chilicola randolphi +Monckton, sp. n. +
18D18E18F18F3
19A +Chilicola diaguita +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
19B4
+20 +A + +Chilicola katherinae +Monckton, sp. n. +
20B +Chilicola vina +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
21A6
21B8
21A +Chilicola guanicoe +Monckton, sp. n. +
22B, D7
22A22B +Chilicola lickana +Monckton, sp. n. +
22C22D +Chilicola charizard +Monckton, sp. n. +
+23 +A +9
23B10
+24 +A24B + +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +Monckton, sp. n. +
24C24D +Chilicola mavida +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
25A11
25B12
+26 +A26B + +Chilicola packeri +Monckton, sp. n. +
26C26D +Chilicola neffi +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
27A27B13
27C27D14
28A28B +Chilicola mayu +Monckton, sp. n. +
OD28C28D +Chilicola vicugna +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
29A29B15
29C29D16
+30 +A30B + +Chilicola travesia +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
30C30D +Chilicola erithropoda +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
+31 +A31B31C + +Chilicola mantagua +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
31D31E31F +Chilicola deserticola +Toro & Moldenke, 1979 +
+ + + +Figure 1. Male, leg colouration: A +Chilicola travesia +, tibiae and tarsi entirely yellow-orange B +Chilicola mantagua +, tibiae and tarsi mostly black-brown; scale bars 0.75 mm. + + + + +Figure 2. Male: A +Chilicola travesia +, apical surface of S1 process longitudinally concave throughout, scale bar 0.15 mm B +Chilicola travesia +, frontal view, MOC equal to or greater than width of head, scale bar 0.5 mm C +Chilicola erithropoda +, apical surface of S1 process with anteromedial convexity, scale bar 0.15 mm D +Chilicola erithropoda +, frontal view, MOC less than width of head, scale bar 0.5 mm. + + + + +Figure 3. Male, frontal view: A +Chilicola neffi +, arrow indicates longitudinal depression of frontal area B +Chilicola vicugna +, longitudinal depressions absent; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 4. Male: A +Chilicola neffi +, metabasitarsus† ≤3.8 +x +as long as maximum depth, scale bar 0.25 mm B +Chilicola neffi +, S8, arrow indicates convex incursion of anteromedial sclerotized margin into lateral process, scale bar 0.15 mm C +Chilicola packeri +, metabasitarsus ≥4 +x +as long as maximum depth, scale bar 0.25 mm D +Chilicola packeri +, S8, lateral process with anteromedial sclerotized margin wide but subparallel to margin throughout scale bar 0.15 mm. + + + + +Figure 5. Male S1, apical surface: A +Chilicola mavida +, with longitudinal median ridge B +Chilicola randolphi +, longitudinally concave C +Chilicola neffi +, weakly convex D +Chilicola charizard +, with median anterior convexity; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 6. Male: A +Chilicola guanicoe +, malar space ≥1.4 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola lickana +, metatibia, posterior view, toothed posterior carina indicated by red line, ventral carina indicated by yellow line C +Chilicola mavida +, malar space ≤1.1 +x +as long as clypeal lateral C +Chilicola vicugna +, metatibia, posterior view, untoothed posterior carina indicated by red line, ventral carina indicated by yellow line; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 7. Male, frontal view: A +Chilicola lickana +, arrows indicate median longitudinal depression of clypeus, lower paraocular maculation does not reach lower tangent of antennal socket B +Chilicola guanicoe +, clypeus without median longitudinal depression, lower paraocular maculation just reaches lower tangent of antennal socket; scale bars 0.5 mm. + + + + +Figure 8. Male: A +Chilicola vicugna +, malar space ~0.5 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola mayu +, malar space ≥0.8 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm + + + + +Figure 9. Male: A +Chilicola mavida +, malar space longer than clypeal lateral B +Chilicola mavida +, S1 process†, lateral view with arrow indicating acute anterior apical angle C +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +, malar space subequal to clypeal lateral D +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +, S1 process†, lateral view with arrow indicating rounded apex; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 10. Male: A +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +, frontal view, F1 shorter than wide, clypeus extending for more than half its length below LOT (white portion of bracket) B +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +, malar space subequal to clypeal lateral C +Chilicola mayu +, frontal view, F1 ~1.1 +x +as long as wide, clypeus extending for less than half its length below LOT (white portion of bracket) D +Chilicola mayu +, malar space ~0.8 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 11. Male: A +Chilicola katherinae +, malar space longer than clypeal lateral B +Chilicola charizard +, S1 process, lateral view showing strongly concave anterior margin C +Chilicola charizard +, metatibia with wide yellow basal ring and apex yellow only basally (C.chzd.005) D +Chilicola randolphi +, malar space shorter than clypeal lateral E +Chilicola deserticola +, S1 process†, lateral view showing sublinear anterior margin F +Chilicola deserticola +, metatibia with basal third yellow and wide yellow apical ring; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 12. Male: A +Chilicola charizard +, malar space ~2.7 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola charizard +, clypeus without median longitudinal depression C +Chilicola charizard +, S1 apical surface with median anterior convexity (C.chzd.005) D +Chilicola diaguita +, malar space ~1.5 +x +as long as clypeal lateral E +Chilicola diaguita +, arrows indicate median longitudinal depression F +Chilicola diaguita +, S1 apical surface longitudinally concave; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 13. Male: A +Chilicola diaguita +, metatibia ≥0.5 +x +as deep as long B +Chilicola vina +, ventral metatibial carina toothed near apex, posterior carina present but weakly defined basally C +Chilicola vina +, malar space ~1.2 +x +as long as clypeal lateral D +Chilicola katherinae +, metatibia>2 +x +as long as maximum depth E +Chilicola katherinae +, ventral metatibial carina with rounded inflection near apex, posterior carina absent basally F +Chilicola katherinae +, malar space ~1.1 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 14. Male: A +Chilicola diaguita +, malar space ~1.5 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola diaguita +, frontal view, LOT above anterior tentorial pits C +Chilicola vina +, malar space ~1.2 +x +as long as clypeal lateral D +Chilicola vina +, frontal view, LOT passing through anterior tentorial pits; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 15. Male: A +Chilicola randolphi +, S1 process†, lateral view showing perpendicular truncate apex and parallel margins B +Chilicola randolphi +, metatibia>0.5 +x +as deep as long, summit of ventral convexity at ~0.85 +x +tibial length C +Chilicola randolphi +, ventral metatibial carina toothed near apex, posterior carina present but weakly defined basally D +Chilicola mantagua +, S1 process†, lateral view showing oblique apex and apically convergent margins E +Chilicola mantagua +, metatibia ~2.1 +x +as long as maximum depth, summit of ventral convexity at two-thirds tibial length F +Chilicola deserticola +, ventral metatibial carina with rounded inflection near apex, posterior carina absent basally; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 16. Male: A +Chilicola deserticola +, mesobasitarsus mostly yellow B +Chilicola deserticola +, F2 longer than F1 C +Chilicola deserticola +, malar space ~0.33 +x +as long as clypeal lateral D +Chilicola mantagua +, mesobasitarsus mostly dark E +Chilicola mantagua +, F2 subequal in length to F1 F +Chilicola mantagua +, malar space>0.5 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 17. Female, dorsal surface of protibia: A +Chilicola randolphi +, yellow in basal half only B +Chilicola deserticola +, yellow along entire length C +Chilicola mantagua +, yellow along entire length except darkened to yellow-brown apically; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 18. Female: A +Chilicola randolphi +, malar space ~0.8 +x +as long as clypeal lateral, scale bar 0.25 mm B +Chilicola randolphi +, frontal view, pedicel and F1 yellow-brown apicoventrally as indicated by arrows, scale bar 0.25 mm C +Chilicola randolphi +, metasoma orange-brown, T1-T3 with apicolateral patches of tomentum, scale bar 0.5 mm D +Chilicola katherinae +, malar space ~1.1 +x +as long as clypeal lateral, scale bar 0.25 mm E +Chilicola vina +, frontal view, pedicel and F1 dark throughout, as indicated by arrows, scale bar 0.25 mm F +Chilicola vina +, metasoma black-brown, T3 apicolateral hair band sparse, scale bar 0.5 mm. + + + + +Figure 19. Female, frontal view: A +Chilicola diaguita +, LOT above anterior tentorial pits B +Chilicola vina +, LOT passing through anterior tentorial pits; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 20. Female: A +Chilicola katherinae +, malar space ~1.1 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola vina +, malar space ~1.3 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 21. Female: A +Chilicola guanicoe +, malar space ~1.33 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola mavida +, malar space ~0.9 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 22. Female: A +Chilicola lickana +, metatibia with wide yellow basal and apical rings B +Chilicola lickana +, malar space ~2 +x +as long as clypeal lateral C +Chilicola charizard +, metatibia with wide brown basal ring, otherwise black-brown D +Chilicola charizard +, malar space ~2.33 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 23. Female: A +Chilicola mavida +, malar space ~0.9 +x +as long as clypeal lateral B +Chilicola mayu +, malar space ~0.5 +x +as long as clypeal lateral; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 24. Female: A +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +, apex of metafemur and base of metatibia darker than same parts on midleg, as indicated by arrow, scale bar 0.5 mm B +Chilicola curvapeligrosa +, frontal view, subantennal sutures ~1.1 +x +as long as shortest distance between them, scale bar 0.25 mm C +Chilicola mavida +, apex of metafemur and base of metatibia yellow as on same parts of midleg, as indicated by arrow, scale bar 0.5 mm D +Chilicola mavida +, frontal view, subantennal sutures ~0.9 +x +as long as shortest distance between them, scale bar 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 25. Female, frontal view: A +Chilicola neffi +, arrows indicate longitudinal depressions of frontal area B +Chilicola mantagua +, longitudinal depressions absent; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 26. Female: A +Chilicola packeri +, metasoma, T1-T3 orange-brown except for paired lateral dark spots, scale bar 0.5 mm B +Chilicola packeri +, metabasitarsus>4 +x +as long as maximum depth, scale bar 0.25 mm C +Chilicola neffi +, metasoma, T1-T3 partly orange-brown with apical half of disc dark, scale bar 0.5 mm D +Chilicola neffi +, metabasitarsus ~3.3 +x +as long as maximum depth, scale bar 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 27. Female: A +Chilicola vicugna +, metasoma, T3 apicolateral hair band sparse, scale bar 0.5 mm B +Chilicola vicugna +, frontal view†, clypeus more sparsely punctate than sypraclypeal area, as indicated by select areas of punctation reproduced in yellow and red respectively, scale bar 0.25 mm C +Chilicola mantagua +, metasoma, T1-T3 with apicolateral patches of tomentum, scale bar 0.5 mm D +Chilicola mantagua +, frontal view, clypeus as densely punctate as supraclypeal area, as indicated by select areas of punctation reproduced in yellow and red respectively, scale bar 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 28. Female: A +Chilicola mayu +, clypeus bulging ~2OD above compound eye in lateral view, scale bar 0.25 mm B +Chilicola mayu +, apex of metafemur and base of metatibia darker than same parts on midleg, scale bar 0.5 mm (C.mayu.005) C +Chilicola vicugna +, clypeus bulging ~OD above compound eye in lateral view, scale bar 0.25 mm D +Chilicola vicugna +, apex of metafemur and base of metatibia yellow as on same parts of midleg, scale bar 0.5 mm. + + + + +Figure 29. Female: A +Chilicola travesia +, metatibia>0.25 +x +as deep as long, scale bar 0.25 mm B +Chilicola travesia +, legs with extensive yellow colouration, scale bar 0.5 mm C +Chilicola deserticola +, metatibia ~4.1 +x +as long as maximum depth, scale bar 0.25 mm D +Chilicola deserticola +, legs less extensively yellow, scale bar 0.5 mm. + + + + +Figure 30. Female: A +Chilicola travesia +, metatibia yellow in basal half and apical third B +Chilicola travesia +, probasitarsus entirely yellow as indicated by arrow C +Chilicola erithropoda +, metatibia yellow in basal third and with narrow yellow apical ring D +Chilicola erithropoda +, probasitarsus with only basal and apical quarters yellow, midlength brown as indicated by arrow; scale bars 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 31. Female: A +Chilicola mantagua +, metapostnotum with sparse, irregular longitudinal carinae, scale bar 0.15 mm B +Chilicola mantagua +, protibia dorsal surface darkened to yellow-brown apically, scale bar 0.25 mm C +Chilicola mantagua +, meso- and metabasitarsi almost entirely dark, mesodistitarsus brown apically, apex of metatibia black-brown, scale bar 0.5 mm D +Chilicola deserticola +, metapostnotum rugose, scale bar 0.15 mm E +Chilicola deserticola +, protibia dorsal surface yellow along entire length, scale bar 0.25 mm F +Chilicola deserticola +, meso- and metabasitarsi yellow-brown ventrally, mesodistitarsus yellow-brown apically, metatibia with posterior apical rim yellow-brown, scale bar 0.5 mm. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/37/FF/1637FFC1C380C3FCD65DF52F6ABC8A30.xml b/data/16/37/FF/1637FFC1C380C3FCD65DF52F6ABC8A30.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4bde305f936 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/37/FF/1637FFC1C380C3FCD65DF52F6ABC8A30.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Pasimachus californicus Chaudoir, 1850 + + + + +Pasimachus californicus +Chaudoir, 1850a: 437. Type locality: +"Californie" +(original citation), which is incorrect; El Paso, El Paso County, Texas, herein selected (see Casey 1913: 86, as + +Pasimachus californicus transversus + +). Syntype(s) in MHNP. + + +Pasimachus validus +LeConte, 1858a: 14. Type locality: "Kansas, Texas, Arizona" (original citation). Syntype(s) in MCZ [# 5464]. Synonymy established by LeConte (1874a: 273). + + +Pasimachus corpulentus +LeConte, 1858a: 15. Type locality: "Laredo to Ringgold Barracks, Texas; Sonora" (original citation). Syntype(s) in MCZ [# 5465]. Synonymy established by LeConte (1874a: 273). + + +Pasimachus californicus transversus +Casey, 1913: 86. Type locality: "El Paso [El Paso County], Texas" (original citation). One syntype in USNM [# 46893]. Synonymy established by Leng (1920: 47). + + +Pasimachus cephalotes +Casey, 1913: 87. Type locality: +"Texas" +(original citation). One syntype in USNM [# 46894]. Synonymy established by Leng (1920: 47). + + +Pasimachus acomanus +Casey, 1913: 87. Type locality: "Jemez Springs [Sandoval County], New Mexico" (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♀) in USNM [# 46895]. Synonymy established by Leng (1920: 47). + + +Pasimachus obesus +Casey, 1913: 88. Type locality: +"Arizona" +(original citation). One syntype in USNM [# 46896]. Synonymy established by Leng (1920: 47). + + + +Distribution. + +This species ranges from +"Utah" +(LeConte 1874a: 273) to southeastern Nebraska (Pawnee County, Peter W. Messer pers. comm. 2008), south at least to eastern Arkansas (Cook and Holt 2006: 2313) and +Michoacan +in Mexico (Ball and Shpeley 1992a: 46). + + + +Records. + +USA +: AR, AZ, CO, KS, NE, NM, OK, TX, UT - Mexico + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/38/5A/16385A2A6175FFFCFF0AFCDFDFF39418.xml b/data/16/38/5A/16385A2A6175FFFCFF0AFCDFDFF39418.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..11229b9f65f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/38/5A/16385A2A6175FFFCFF0AFCDFDFF39418.xml @@ -0,0 +1,387 @@ + + + +Beobachtungen zur Biologie von Mecaspis alternans (Herbst, 1795) im Wallis, Schweiz (Curculionidae, Lixinae) + + + +Author + +Germann, Christoph + +text + + +Entomo Helvetica + + +2012 + +2012-06-14 + + +5 + + +117 +123 + + + +journal article +54013 +10.5169/seals-986128 +2bb1baf5-d520-4740-8571-23f14487c679 +1662-8500 +8040256 + + + + + +Beobachtungen zur Biologie + + + + + +Anlässlich einer Exkursion am 18. März 2011 wurde die bereits bekannte Fundstelle bei Fully (Les Salaux, Schweizer Koordinaten: 574.904 / +110.308, 550 m +ü.M.) am frühen Nachmittag bei guter Witterung (Sonnenschein und ca. 14 °C) nochmals auf + +M. alternans + +( +Abb. 1A +) überprüft. Das Biotop ist ein Auffangbecken für den von Norden her einfliessenden Bergbach. Dabei wurde das grobkieselige Substrat in Form einer grossen, ca. +200 m +durchmessenden Arena aufgeschüttet ( +Abb. 1B +& +2A +). Die nach innen weisenden Seiten fallen im Bereich der durchquerenden Strasse in einem Winkel von ca. 35° ab. In der Nähe des Bachs und entlang der nach Osten exponierten Seiten wächst + +Pastinaca sativa urens + +an diesen aufgeschütteten Seiten besonders üppig, bis über 30 Pflanzen wurden pro m² gezählt. Hier wurden keine Käfer festgestellt. + + +Im südexponierten und daher trockeneren Bereich wachsen nur noch einzelne (etwa 3 Pflanzen pro m²) und deutlich kleinere + +P. sativa urens + +( +Abb. 1B +). Nur dort wurden typische Frassspuren von + +M. alternans + +gefunden ( +Abb. 2B +). Die insgesamt über ein Dutzend beobachteten Tiere sassen unter den Blattfiedern am Wurzelhals oder wurden pärchenweise in selbst gegrabenen Gängen entlang der Wurzel bis zu +6 cm +unterhalb der Pflanzenrosetten mit Hilfe einer Gartenschaufel ausgegraben. + + +Entlang der freigelegten Wurzel, welche in drei Fällen bis ca. +14 cm +Länge ausgegraben wurde, konnten angeheftete Klümpchen aus Steinchen, Raspelspänen von der Wurzel und klebrigem schwarzem Kot entdeckt werden ( +Abb. 1C–D +). Jedes dieser Klümpchen (4 bis 6 pro Wurzel) enthielt ein olivgrünes, ca. 1mal 1.2 mm grosses Ei ( +Abb. 1E +). Die Eier waren vermutlich erst kürzlich abgelegt worden; die schützenden Klümpchen waren teilweise noch feucht. + + +Fünf Belegtiere wurden mitgenommen und zehn Tage bei Zimmertemperatur im Terrarium gehalten. Dabei wurde eine Pastinakpflanze (60× +10 mm +) vertikal in +60 mm +Erdsubstrat gesteckt. Zwei kopulierende Pärchen legten +20–30 mm +unter der Erdoberfläche insgesamt +13 Eier +in der oben beschriebenen Weise um die Wurzel herum ab. Dabei enthielten drei grössere Klümpchen je zwei Eier. + + + +Abb. 1. A) Imago von + +Mecaspis alternans +(Herbst, 1795) + +; B) Fundstelle der belegten Wirtspflanzen (Pfeil auf + +Pastinaca sativa urens + +) am Rand des Auffangbeckens bei Les Salaux; C) freigelegte Wurzel der Wirtspflanze; D) angeheftetae Klümpchen mit enthaltenen Eiern im oberen Wurzelbereich; E) freigelegtes olivgrünes Ei. (Bilder C. Germann) + + + + +Abb. 2. A) Blick von Osten her ins Auffangbecken. Der Pfeil zeigt die exakte Fundstelle; B) Frassbild von + +Mecaspis alternans +(Herbst, 1795) + +an + +Pastinaca sativa urens + +. (Bilder C. Germann) + + + +Berichte über das Eiablageverhalten von + +M. alternans + +fehlten bisher. +Dieckmann (1983) +berichtete vom Erscheinen der Käfer in Südfrankreich ab April und von einer Eiablage, die nicht direkt beobachtet werden konnte. Vorliegende Beobachtungen zeigen, dass die Eiablage bereits früher im Jahr (im März) stattgefunden haben dürfte und möglicherweise daher unbeobachtet geblieben war. Funde junger Larven wurden in + +Daucus carota + +L. (wiederum in Südfrankreich) Mitte Mai gemacht ( +Dieckmann 1983 +). Auch die Wirtspflanze + +Pastinaca sativa urens + +wird hier erstmals gemeldet. Bisher lagen ausschliesslich Beobachtungen an + +Daucus carota + +vor ( +Hoffmann 1950 +, +Scherf 1964 +, +Dieckmann1983 +).Allerdings vermutete +Dieckmann (1983) +bereits, dass auch weitere +Apiaceae +besiedelt werden könnten: «…vielleicht auch noch auf anderen Doldengewächsen…» + + +Zuchtberichte + + +I) Fünf der +13 Eier +, abgelegt zwischen 19. bis 28. März, schlüpften bis zum +4. April 2011 +( +Abb. 3A +). Den rund +1 mm +langen Junglarven wurden, da einfacher verfügbar, handelsübliche Karotten ( + +Daucus carota +ssp. +sativus + +) gefüttert. Dabei frassen sich die Larven Gänge in die 10× +20 mm +grossen Stücke hinein ( +Abb. 3B & C +). Die 5 erhaltenen Larven zeigten gegenüber ihren Artgenossen aggressives Verhalten (Bisse), und 4 der Larven starben. Eine Larve wurde an + +Daucus carota + +weitergezüchtet (alle 3–5 Tage an frische Karottenstücke umgesetzt) und erreichte bis zum 4. Mai eine Grösse von +3 mm +(gemessen an der gestreckten Larve von der Kopfkapsel bis zum letzten Segment). Danach starb die Larve ab. + + + +Abb. 3. A) Junglarven von + +Mecaspis alternans +(Herbst, 1795) + +; B) und C) beim ersten Frass an Karottenstücken ( + +Daucus carota + +); D) die grosse Larve in der Wurzel von + +Pastinaca sativa urens + +; E) die beiden Larven in Zucht. Ihre unterschiedliche Grösse ist auffällig, die Schlupftermine liegen nur rund 12 Tage auseinander. (Bilder C. Germann) + + + + +Abb. 4. Fundpunkte von + +Mecaspis alternans +(Herbst, 1795) + +aus der Schweiz; unausgefüllte Fundpunkte zeigen Funde vor 1960. Datengrundlage boten Fundangaben von 99 Individuen aus den untersuchten Sammlungen sowie ausgewertete Literaturangaben (siehe Text). + + + +II) Eine der am 18. März 2011 freigelegten (und bereits vorher mit Eiern belegten) + +Pastinaca sativa urens + +-Wurzeln wurde in einen Topf gepflanzt und regelmässig gegossen. Am 25. April starb die Pflanze ab und bei der nachfolgenden Untersuchung wurde im unteren Wurzelbereich eine bereits +10 mm +grosse Larve festgestellt ( +Abb. 3D +). Diese wurde an + +Daucus carota + +weitergezüchtet, wobei sie alle 4–5 Tage in frische, senkrecht stehende Karotten in einer Aushöhlung im Wurzelhals wiedereingesetzt wurde. Am 20. Mai wurde die Larve nach Einstellen ihrer Frasstätigkeit auf sandiges Substrat gesetzt, worauf sie sich – vermutlich zur Verpuppung – eingrub. Am 27. Mai wurde die Larve (Grösse +13 mm +) während einer Kontrolle leblos aus einer Erdhöhle entnommen. + + +Die unterschiedlichen Grössen der beiden Larven der Zuchten I und II ( +Abb. 3E +) erstaunen etwas, liegen die Schlupftermine doch nur etwa 12 Tage auseinander. Sicher boten jedoch die etwas konstanteren Bedingungen in der Wurzel der Topfpflanze die Voraussetzung für eine deutlich schnellere Entwicklung. Die Zucht erwies sich insgesamt jedoch als schwierig, beide Larven starben vor der Verpuppung ab. Insbesondere die Feuchtigkeit und damit möglicher Pilzbefall der dargebotenen Wurzeln konnten nur bedingt kontrolliert werden. + + + +Verbreitung in der +Schweiz +und Aktivität + + + +Die Fundpunktkarte von + +Mecaspis alternans + +wurde auf Grund von ausgewerteten Sammlungsdaten (siehe oben) und den Literaturmeldungen in +Täschler (1872) +, +Rätzer (1884 +, +1888 +), +Stierlin (1898 +, +1906 +), +Stierlin & Gautard (1867) +, +Fontana (1925 +, +1947 +) und +Hugentobler (1966) +erstellt. Die Karte ( +Abb. 4 +) zeigt eine deutliche Präferenz von + +M. alternans + +für xerotherme Standorte. Die Auswertung der nachträglich ermittelten Höhe von 53 Fundorten zeigt eine mittlere Höhenverbreitung von +526 m +ü.M. + + + + + +Nur drei Funde mit genauen Angaben (VS, +Euseigne +, + +950 m + +ü. M., leg. +T. Steck +( +NMBE +); + + +VS +, +Betten +, + +1200 m + +ü.M., leg. +E. Kobel +( +NMBE +); + + +BE, +Rosenlaui +, + +1360 m + +ü.M., aus + +Stierlin & Gautard +(1867)) + +und die unsichere +Angabe aus dem Simplongebiet +( + +Rätzer +1884 + +, +1888 +), welche in der damaligen +Liste mit einem Fragezeichen +versehen ist (kein +Belegtier +in der coll. +A. Rätzer +im +NMBE +), liegen in der montanen + +Zone. + +M. alternans + + +wurde bei uns jedoch vorwiegend in der kollinen +Höhenstufe +gefunden. + + + + + +Von 82 verschiedenen Datensätzen (Sammlungs- und Literaturdaten) konnten nur deren 14 (17 %) nach 1960 zusammengetragen werden. Sie stammen aus dem östlichen (SG: +1 Ex. +) und westlichen Mittelland (VD: +1 Ex. +), der Alpensüdseite (TI: +6 Ex. +) und überwiegend aus den westlichen Zentralalpen (VS: +17 Ex. +). Es darf angenommen werden, dass die intensive Landwirtschaft und ein zunehmender Mangel an Ruderalstandorten Gründe für das Verschwinden von + +M. alternans + +aus den nördlichen Gebieten sind. + + +Von den vorliegenden 99 Individuen von + +M. alternans + +aus der +Schweiz +konnten Angaben zu 89 verwendet werden, um die Verteilung der Funddaten übers Jahr zu zeigen (Abb. 5). Funde liegen von März bis Oktober vor, dabei findet sich ein Maximum von 25 gesammelten Individuen im Monat Mai. +Dieckmann (1983) +erwähnte, auf der Basis von mehrheitlich ausserhalb Mitteleuropas gesammelten Funddaten, eine Aktivitätszeit von April bis Dezember. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/38/78/163878330C40E5546CE5CC17FD2BE803.xml b/data/16/38/78/163878330C40E5546CE5CC17FD2BE803.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..662c9baafda --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/38/78/163878330C40E5546CE5CC17FD2BE803.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with conifer-infesting beetles and their phoretic mites in Yunnan, China + + + +Author + +Chang, Runlei + + + +Author + +Duong, Tuan A. + + + +Author + +Taerum, Stephen J. + + + +Author + +Wingfield, Michael J. + + + +Author + +Zhou, Xudong + + + +Author + +Beer, Z. Wilhelm de + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2017 + +28 + + +19 +64 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.28.21758 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.28.21758 +1314-4049-28-19 + + + + +Graphilbum puerense R.Chang & Z.W.de Beer +sp. nov. +Fig. 10 + + + + +Etymology +. + + +The epithet +puerense +refers to the city from which this species was collected. + + + +Description. + +Sexual state not observed. +Pesotum +-like macronematal asexual states predominant. Synnemata simple, dark brown at the base, (187.5-) 206- 357(-437.5) +μm +long including conidiogenous apparatus, (12-) 15.5-45 (-61) +μm +wide at base; conidiogenous cells (15.5-) 18.5-30.5 (-34) +μm +long, conidia hyaline, 1-celled, smooth, oblong, (4-) 4-5 (-5.5) +x +(1-) 1.5-2 (-2.5) +μm +. Hyalorhinocladiella-like asexual state: conidiophores (17-) 3-140 (-232.5) +μm +long; cells arising directly from the hyphae, (6.5-) 10-25.5 (-42.5) +x +(1-) 1-2 (-3) +μm +; conidia hyaline, smooth, obovoid to oblong, (3.5-) 4-8 (-12) +x +(1-) 1.5-2.5 (-3) +μm +. + + + +Fig. 10. Morphological characters of asexual structures of +Graphilbum puerense +sp. nov. a fourteen days old culture on OA +b-d +Hyalorhinocladiella-like asexual state e conidia f +Pesotum +-like macronematal asexual state +g-h +cells of +Pesotum +-like macronematal asexual state and conidia. Scale bars: +a-h += 10 +μm +. + + + + + +Culture +characteristics. + +Colonies hyaline. Mycelium superficial on the 3% OA. Colony margin smooth. Colonies on 2% MEA flat, reaching 76 mm diam in 5 d at 30 °C. No growth observed at 5 °C. Optimal temperature for growth 30 °C. + + +Type material. + +CHINA, Yunnan Province, Puer City, from +Polygraphus szemaoensis +gallery on +Pinus kesiya +bark, 29 Jun. 2010, S.J.Taerum, herbarium specimen of dried culture, PREM 61543 (holotype), CMW41673 = CBS139640 (ex-holotype culture). + + + +Additional specimens examined. + +CHINA, Yunnan Province, Puer City, from Ips +acuminatus +gallery on +Pinus kesiya +bark, 4 Jul. 2010, S.J.Taerum, PREM 61544, CMW41667 = CBS139651; CHINA, Yunnan Province, Puer City, from Ips +acuminatus +gallery on +Pinus kesiya +bark, Jul 2010, S.J.Taerum, CMW41942 = CBS139650. + + + +Host. + +Pinus kesiya +. + + + +Beetle vectors. + +Ips +acuminatus +, +Polygraphus szemaoensis +. + + + + +Mite +vectors. + + +Proctolaelaps nr. hystrix +(phoretic on Ips +acuminatus +), +Insectolaelaps +sp. 1 (phoretic on Ips +acuminatus +), and +Uropodoidea +sp. 2 (phoretic on +Polygraphus szemaoensis +). + + + +Distribution. +At present known only from Yunnan, China. + + +Notes. + +See comparison between +Gra. kesiyae +and +Gra. puerense +above under notes of +Gra. kesiyae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/38/C5/1638C55F125061B20A80055FA43B2FE7.xml b/data/16/38/C5/1638C55F125061B20A80055FA43B2FE7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd8b70ef8e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/38/C5/1638C55F125061B20A80055FA43B2FE7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +Two new genera and three new species of Epipaschiinae Meyrick from China (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) + + + +Author + +Wang, Mingqiang + + + +Author + +Chen, Fuqiang + + + +Author + +Zhu, Chaodong + + + +Author + +Wu, Chunsheng + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +722 + + +87 +99 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.722.12362 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.722.12362 +1313-2970-722-87 +C7EA4AAE64484FCEADF11BF5F99C8B23 +C7EA4AAE64484FCEADF11BF5F99C8B23 + + + + +Androconia rallusa Wang, Chen & Wu +sp. n. +Figs 3-4, 9, 12, 16-17, 20-21 + + + +Differential diagnosis. + +The species is similar to +An. morulusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n. in external characters. However, +An. morulusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n. has darker wings than +An. rallusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n. In the male genitalia, the juxta of +An. rallusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n. is thinner than +An. morulusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n. + + + +Figures 11-13. Female genitalia. 11 +Arcanusa sinuosa +(Moore, 1888), comb. n., gen. slide no. Ep538 12 +Androconia rallusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n., paratype, gen. slide no. Ep702 13 +An. morulusa +Wang, Chen & Wu, sp. n., paratype, gen. slide no. Ep692. Scale bars: 1.0 mm. + + + + +Description. +Adult. Forewing length 9.0-12.0 mm (n=7). Male. Head yellow mixed with fuscous scales; first and second segment of labial palpus with yellow scales; third segment of female slender, and with black scales, approximately 1/3 length of whole labial palpus; third segment of male short; antenna pale yellow scales. Thorax mixed with yellow and small number of fuscous scales. Forewing yellow mixed with fuscous scales; base covered with yellow scales, base 1/3 and 2/3 of costa with a black spot respectively; antemedial line black, indistinct; two black spots located at basal and terminal of cell, respectively. Central area suffused with pale yellow mixed brown; an androconium presents on the discocellular; postmedial line thin, waved, black with yellow edges, outer area covered with yellow scales; cilia mixed with yellow and fuscous. Hindwing paler than forewing and more or less reddish, postmedial line waved. Female. Similar with male, but forewing with less fuscous scales and androconium absent, hindwing redder. + +Male +genitalia. Uncus slender, densely suffused with setae at lateral apex. Gnathos with slender lateral arms, apex hooked. Valva slender, costa lightly sclerotized; sacculus swollen and warped in base. Juxta nearly same width form base to apex, apex bifurcated. Phallus slender. + +Female genitalia. Ovipositor narrow and pointed at apex, covered with dense setae. Apophysis anterior nearly as same length as apophysis posterior. Antrum membranous. Ductus bursae membranous, slightly shorter than corpus bursae. Ductus seminalis relatively narrow, arising from basal corpus bursae. Corpus bursae nearly elliptic, with two signa, tongue-shaped. + + +Holotype. +♂, Xizang: Medog, 1005 m, 15.VIII.2015, Wang Mingqiang, gen. slide. no. Ep537 (IZCAS). + + +Paratypes. +Fujian: Wuyishan, Guadun, 1200 m, 1♂, 12.VIII.1979, Song Shimei, gen. slide. no. Ep701 (IZCAS). Xizang: Medog, Beibeng, 870 m, 1♀, 17.VIII.2006, Chen Fuqiang, gen. slide. no. Ep702 (IZCAS); Medog, Beibeng, 799 m, 3♀♀, 19.VIII.2015, Wang Mingqiang, gen. slide. no. Ep669, Ep684, Ep689 (IZCAS). + + +Distribution. +China (Fujian, Xizang). + + +Etymology. + +The specific name is derived from the Latin +"rallus" +(= thin) in accordance with the thin antemedial line. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/38/CD/1638CD208CC110CF1EC8B213CB6FE5F3.xml b/data/16/38/CD/1638CD208CC110CF1EC8B213CB6FE5F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b93df82d5dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/38/CD/1638CD208CC110CF1EC8B213CB6FE5F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Phradis brevis (Brischke, 1880) + + + + +Thersilochus brevis +Brischke, 1880 + + +temporalis +(Thomson, 1889, +Thersilochus +) + + +styriacus +(Strobl, 1904, +Thersilochus +) + + + +Distribution +England, Ireland + + +Notes + +added by +Horstmann (1981a) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/39/34/163934557AADFD9C3A37A2AE6FE3B67F.xml b/data/16/39/34/163934557AADFD9C3A37A2AE6FE3B67F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ead83574b9d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/39/34/163934557AADFD9C3A37A2AE6FE3B67F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ + + + +Review of the genus Strumigenys (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) in Hong Kong with the description of three new species and the addition of five native and four introduced species records + + + +Author + +Tang, Kit Lam + + + +Author + +Pierce, Mac P. + + + +Author + +Guenard, Benoit + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +831 + + +1 +48 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.31515 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.831.31515 +1313-2970-831-1 +96EE78BA18724F4A8787B362A55E8989 +96EE78BA18724F4A8787B362A55E8989 + + + + +Strumigenys cf. mutica (Brown, 1949) - New record +Fig. 11 +A-C + + + +Material examined. + +HONG KONG: Tai Po District, Ping Shan Chai, +22.486N +, +114.187E +, 142 m, 3.VI.2017 to 30.VI.2017, C. +Barthelemy +, ANTWEB1016246, Malaise trap, IBBL. + + + +Measurements. +Alate females (n = 2): TL 2.2-2.5, HL 0.51-0.57, HW 0.39-0.41, MandL 0.13-0.14, SL 0.33-0.38, EL 0.14-0.16, PW 0.28-0.35, ML 0.58-0.68, PL 0.22-0.24, PH 0.19-0.20, DPW 0.13, PPL 0.11-0.13, GL 0.61-0.73, CI 72-76, MI 25, SI 85-92, OI 36-39, LPI 84-86, DPI 55-59. + +This +species is known in Hong Kong from two alate females. The shape of the mandibles, including the conspicuous diastema and dentition suggests that this species belongs to the +S. mutica +-group as defined by +Bolton (2000) +. However, this species differs from other Asian species in this group, defined on the basis of the worker caste, by the absence of spatulate or spoon-shaped hairs, instead having elongate fine hairs covering the body. However, the queen caste of +S. mutica +was originally described as +a +separate species, +Kyidris nuda +( +Brown 1949 +), but then synonymized with +S. mutica +on the basis of complete nest series reared in laboratory conditions ( +Brown 1952 +). The fine hairs on queens of +S. mutica +were described by +Brown (1949) +as short and pointed, which we confirmed after examination of photographs of the holotype of +K. nuda +( +Japanese Ant Image Database 2006 +, pictures PCD2228-48, 49 & 50). This is contrary to our specimens, which possess long suberect and erect fine hairs (Fig. 11 +A-C +). According to +Brown (1949) +, queens of +S. mutica +also possess a densely punctulate-granulose mesonotal surface, while our specimens show a punctuate to finely strigate mesonotal surface, with shiny and smooth anepisternum and katepisternum. Unfortunately, we were not able to examine the queen specimen of +S. mutica +in great detail. While the specimens collected in Hong Kong might represent a new species within the +S. mutica +-group, we do not think that at this point enough evidence could be gathered to describe those as a new species. Future collection of workers or new available material of gynes collected in Taiwan or Japan might help solve this problem. + + + +Figure 11. +Strumigenys cf. mutica +A-C +queen (ANTWEB1016246(1)) A profile view B dorsal view C&nbsp;full-face view. + + + + +Ecology. + +Very little is known about the ecology of +S. mutica +, as only two alate individuals collected in a secondary forest by Malaise traps are known (Fig. 10). + + + +Comments. + +Two species within the +S. mutica +-group have been recorded in nearby regions, +S. mutica +in mainland China (Guangxi, Hunan), Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan, and +S. takasago +, endemic to Taiwan. The latter species also differs from our specimens by its larger size (HL 0.70, HW 0.63), the conspicuous presence of erect spoon-shaped hairs on the body, and the acute propodeal declivity ( +Terayama et al. 1995 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/39/87/163987809B23FF9AFF272C50485772DE.xml b/data/16/39/87/163987809B23FF9AFF272C50485772DE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fb043a1fa38 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/39/87/163987809B23FF9AFF272C50485772DE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,401 @@ + + + +Two new species of Sabatieria Rouville (Nematoda: Comesomatidae) with conical-cylindrical tails, from Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil * + + + +Author + +Botelho, Alessandra Prates + + + +Author + +Silva, Maria Cristina Da + + + +Author + +Sobral, Luciana Davina Tosta + + + +Author + +Fonsêca-Genevois, Verônica Gomes + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2096 + + +82 +98 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.187716 +d4e77e56-4c53-4381-a072-33f344057100 +1175-5326 +187716 + + + + + + + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +( +Figures 5 +, +6 +, +7 +, +8 +; +Table 1 +) + + + + + + +Material Studied +: +2 males +, +2 females +. + + + +Type +material + +: Male +holotype +, slide +MNRJ +320. Female +paratype +, slide +MNRJ +321; +1 male +, slide 96 NM LMZOO-UFPE, +1 female +, slide 97 NM LMZOO-UFPE. + + + +Type +locality + +: Male +holotype +, station no. +54, 750 m +depth, collected in +May 2002 +. Other localities: Female +paratype +, station no. 41, 1222 m depth, collected in +May 2002 +; male +paratype +, station no. +35, 916 m +depth, collected in +May 2002 +; female +paratype +, station no. +74, 750 m +depth, collected in +November 2002 +(cf. Appendix 1). + + + + +Etymology +. The species name is the Latin + +fidelis += + +faithful, because the specimens have all the characteristics that are common to + +Sabatieria + +species, and the new features are not easy to see. + + + + +Description +. +holotype +: Cylindrical body, medium-sized, attenuated at both ends. Cuticle with transverse rows of dots, and lateral differentiation with larger and more widely spaced dots, irregularly arranged. Head slightly set off by constriction in the cephalic setae region, and with anterior sensilla arranged in three crowns: six minute internal labial papillae, six external labial papillae and four cephalic setae. Buccal cavity cupshaped. Amphidial fovea spiral, with 2 1/4 turns. Pharynx slightly clavate, gradually expanding towards the posterior end, but without distinct bulb. Cardia short and round. Nerve ring slender, located very close to middle of pharynx and anterior to secretory-excretory pore. Cellular body of ventral gland at level of posterior end of pharynx and beginning of intestine, with secretory pore in middle of pharynx. Male reproductive system diorchic, with opposed and outstretched testes. Anterior testis situated on the left and posterior testis on the right side of the intestine. Slender short paired spicules, similar in length and width and slightly curved ventrally; proximal half of septum and distal part with ventrally directed dropper-shaped tip. Several glandular cells are arranged around the spicules. Gubernaculum small, cuticularized, v-shaped in distal part, measuring 16 µm, and with narrow cuticularized apophysis of length 22 µm. Minute pore-like pre-cloacal supplements present, easily overlooked; but unfortunately the specimens are more ventrally positioned without a clear view of the number of them. Three pairs of ejaculatory glands anterior to the cloaca. Spermatozoa oval, 21 µm long. Conico-cylindrical tail with three caudal glands, ending in a spinneret. Three setae on the tail tip, measuring 3 µm. + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +Male. A. Total view, B. Pharyngeal region, C. Anterior end showing buccal cavity and amphid, D. Anterior end showing cuticle, E. Posterior body region showing the ejaculatory glands and tail, F. Copulatory apparatus. + + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +Male. A. Total view, B. Anterior end showing cuticle and amphid, C. Anterior end showing head and buccal cavity, D. Tail, E. Pharyngeal region, F. Copulatory apparatus. + + + + +FIGURE 7. + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +Female. A. Total view; B. Pharyngeal region; C. Head showing cuticle and amphid; D. Tail; E. Reproductive system. + + + + +FIGURE 8. + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +Female. A. Total view; B. Anterior end showing head and buccal cavity, C. Anterior end showing cuticle and amphid, D. Pharyngeal region, E. Vulva region, F. cuticle on tail region, G. tail. + + + +Female +Paratype +: The females are similar to males except for the longer total length, shorter tail and spiral amphidial fovea with 2¼–3 turns. Reproductive system didelphic-amphidelphic; with outstretched ovaries. Anterior ovary to the left and posterior ovary to the right of the intestine, and distal part of the uterus with oocyte. Vulva at mid-body, vagina thin-walled; pars proximalis vaginae (= vagina uterina) surrounded by a well-developed constricting muscle. Granular vaginal glands present at the pars distalis vaginae. Oocytes 44–53 µm long. + + + + +Diagnosis +. + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +can be differentiated by its short outstretched testes, the spicules with dropper-shaped tips and directed ventrally, the gubernaculum with a cuticularized v-shape on the distal part, and the short cephalic and somatic setae. + + + + +Discussion +. In relation to + +Sabatieria pulchra + +, the similar characteristics are the number of amphidial fovea turns in females, total length, maximum diameter and spicule length. + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +differs in relation to the number of turns of the amphidial fovea in males ( + +Sabatieria pulchra + +with 2¾–3), absence of three glands in the pharyngeal region, and the proximal parts of the spicules in + +S. pulchra + +are more inflated than in + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +Another characteristic is the sexual dimorphism in + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +: females have a shorter tail and more turns in the amphidial fovea. + + + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +is similar to + +Sabatieria falcifera + +with respect to the short cervical setae, number of turns of the amphidial fovea in the female ( +2.5 in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +and in + +S. falcifera + +) and spicule length (62 µm in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +66.5 µm in + +S. falcifera + +). It can be distinguished by the cephalic setae length ( +3–3.7 in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +7 µm in + +S. falcifera + +), length of the gubernaculum apophysis (22 µm in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +29 µm + +S. falcifera + +), number of turns of amphidial fovea in the male ( +2.5 in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +2.7–3 in + +S. falcifera + +). + + + + + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. n. +also resembles + +Sabatieria praedatrix + +in maximum diameter ( +64.5 in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +67 µm in + +S. praedatrix + +) and the length of somatic setae. It can be differentiated by the de Man indexes a and c (a = 26.3–34.8; c = +13.8–20.9 in + +S. fidelis versus + +a = 50–55; c = +13.5–14 in + +S. praedatrix + +). + + +In relation to + +Sabatieria vasicola + +, this new species has the same values of de Man indexes a, b and c (a = 26.3–34.8; b = 7.4–10.9; c = +13.8–20.9 in + +S. fidelis versus + +a = 26.6–32.2; b = 7.5–9.3; c = +9.1–14.7 in + +S. vasicola + +), but can be distinguished by the length of the cephalic setae (3–3.7 µm in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +6–8 µm in + +S. vasicola + +), spicule length (62–68 µm in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +72–82 µm in + +S. vasicola + +), apophysis length (22 µm in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +33–34 µm in + +S. vasicola + +) and tail length (90–150 µm in + +S. fidelis + +sp. n. +versus +173–220 µm in + +S. vasicola + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/39/87/163987809B28FF90FF272F27490173CF.xml b/data/16/39/87/163987809B28FF90FF272F27490173CF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..acd711c49bb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/39/87/163987809B28FF90FF272F27490173CF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,535 @@ + + + +Two new species of Sabatieria Rouville (Nematoda: Comesomatidae) with conical-cylindrical tails, from Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil * + + + +Author + +Botelho, Alessandra Prates + + + +Author + +Silva, Maria Cristina Da + + + +Author + +Sobral, Luciana Davina Tosta + + + +Author + +Fonsêca-Genevois, Verônica Gomes + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2096 + + +82 +98 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.187716 +d4e77e56-4c53-4381-a072-33f344057100 +1175-5326 +187716 + + + + + + + +Sabatieria +Rouville + + + + + +The list of valid species is divided by groups of + +Sabatieria + +, according to +Platt (1985) +, and the recent descriptions of +Gourbault & Vincx (1990) +, + +Muthumbi +et al. +(1997) + +, +Chen & Vincx (1999) +, +Chen & Vincx (2000) +, Pastor de +Ward (2003) +, +Huang & Zhang (2006) +and Botelho +et al. +(2007). + + + + + +Sabatieria praedatrix + +-group: +S. alata +Warwick + + + +S. ancudiana +Wieser + + + + +S. bitumen +Botelho +et al. + +S. conicauda Vitiello + + + +S. coomansi +Chen & Vincx + + +S. demani +Bresslau & Stekhoven + + +S. dodecaspapillata +(Kreis) + + +S. falcifera +Wieser + + + + +S. flecha +Pastor + +de Ward + +S. granifer +Wieser + + + + +S. heipi +Chen & Vincx + + + + +S. intermissa +Wieser + + + + +S. lawsi +Platt + + + + +S. lucia +Muthumbi +et al +. + + +S. lyonessa +Warwick + + + + +S. maboyae +Gourbault & Vincx + + +S. parabyssalis +Wieser + + + + +S. paracupida +Wieser & Hopper + + +S. paradoxa +Wieser & Hopper + + +S. praedatrix +De Man + + + + +S. paraspiculata +Botelho +et al. + +S. sanjosensis Pastor +de Ward + +S. spiculata +Botelho +et al. + +S. stekhoveni Vitiello + + + +S. subrotundicauda +Botelho +et al. + +S. triplex Wieser + + + +S. vasicola +Vitiello + + + + +Sabatieria armata + +-group: + +S. armata +Gerlack + + + + +S. elongata +Jayasree & Warwick + + +S. longisetosa +(Kreis) + + + + +S. migrans +Jensen & Gerlach + + +S. supplicans +Gerlach + + + + +Sabatieria pulchra + +-group: + +S. breviseta +Stekhoven + + +S. mortenseni +(Ditlevsen) + + +S. propisinna +Vitiello + + + + +S. pulchra +(Schneider) + + +S. punctata +(Kreis) + + + + +Sabatieria celtica + +-group: + +S. celtica + +Southern + +S. furcillata +Wieser + + +S. kelletti +Platt + + + + +S. pisinna +Vitiello + + + + +S. strigosa +Lorenzen + + + + +Sabatieria ornata + +-group: + +S. abyssalis +(Filipjev) + + + + +S. longispinosa +Lorenzen + + +S. macramphis +Lorenzen + + +S. ornata +(Ditlevsen) + + + + +S. stenocephalus +Huang & Zhang + + + +Species +incertae sedis +: + + + +S. antarctica +Cobb + +doubtful by Wieser + + + +S. arctica +(Allgén) + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. arcuata +Wieser + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. aspera +Sergeeva + +inquirendae +by Platt + + + +S. australis +Allgén + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. cettensis +Rouville + +doubtful by Filipjev and Wieser + +S. cleopatris +Micoletzky + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. effilata +Stekhoven + +inquirendae +by Platt + + + +S. filicaudata +Allgén + +doubtful by Wieser + + + +S. heterospiculum +Allgén + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. heterura +(Cobb) + +nec +Wieser doubtful by Platt + +S. jubata +Cobb + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. kolaensis +(Ssaweljev) + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. mawsoni +Wieser + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. norwegica +Allgén + +incertae sedis +by Wieser doubtful by Platt + +S. paravulgaris +Filipjev + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. pellucida +Allgén + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. possjetica +Platonova + +inquirendae +by Platt + +S. praebosporica +Sergeeva + +inquirendae +by Platt + +S. quadripapillata +Filipjev + +inquirendae +by Platt + +S. rota +Gerlach + +inquirendae +Platt + + + +S. rotundicauda +Allgén + +doubtful by Platt + + + +S. taboguillensis +(Allgén) + +doubtful by Wieser and by Platt + +S. tenuicaudata +(Bastian) + +doubtful by Wieser and by Platt + +S. tenuiseta +Allgén + +inquirendae +by Jensen and doubtful by Platt + +S. tubilaima +Allgén + +inquirendae +by Jensen and doubtful by Platt + +S. wieseri +Platt + + +S. heterura sensu +Wieser + +nom. nov. (Platt) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/39/87/163987809B2EFF9DFF272D6F480D7374.xml b/data/16/39/87/163987809B2EFF9DFF272D6F480D7374.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a9049460db --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/39/87/163987809B2EFF9DFF272D6F480D7374.xml @@ -0,0 +1,688 @@ + + + +Two new species of Sabatieria Rouville (Nematoda: Comesomatidae) with conical-cylindrical tails, from Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil * + + + +Author + +Botelho, Alessandra Prates + + + +Author + +Silva, Maria Cristina Da + + + +Author + +Sobral, Luciana Davina Tosta + + + +Author + +Fonsêca-Genevois, Verônica Gomes + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2096 + + +82 +98 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.187716 +d4e77e56-4c53-4381-a072-33f344057100 +1175-5326 +187716 + + + + + + + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp. n. +( +Figures 2 +, +3 +, +4 +; +Table 1 +) + + + + + + +Material Studied +: +4 males +, +2 females +, +2 juveniles +. + + + +Type +material + +: Male +holotype +, slide +MNRJ +318. Female +paratype +, slide +MNRJ +319; +3 male +paratypes +, slides 90–92 NM LMZOO-UFPE; +1 female +paratype +, slide 93 NM LMZOO-UFPE; +2 juvenile +paratypes +, slides 94–95 NM LMZOO-UFPE. + + + +Type +locality + +: Station No. 49 at +750 m +depth in silt-clay sediments collected in +June 2003 +. The +type +station was in the Campos Basin off Rio de Janeiro, +Brazil +, in silt-clay sediments (see Appendix 1). + + + + +Etymology +. The Latin name + +exilis + += slender, refers to the narrow maximum width of this species. + + + + +Description +. +holotype +: Body cylindrical, medium-sized, attenuated at both ends. Cuticle with transverse rows of small dots, lateral differentiation of larger, equally spaced dots. Short somatic setae. Rounded head with anterior sensilla arranged in three crowns: six minute internal labial papillae, six minute external labial papillae and four cephalic setae. Amphidial fovea spiral, with 1.5 turns situated at level of cephalic setae. Buccal cavity minute. Pharynx clavate and gradually expanding in the last third, towards the posterior end but without distinct bulb; the anterior end surrounds the posterior part of stoma, which is weakly cuticularized. Cardia short, pear-shaped. Nerve ring slender, located somewhat anterior to middle of pharynx and anteriorly to secretory-excretory pore. Ventral gland present on posterior end of pharynx and beginning of intestine. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp. n. +Male. A. Total view; B. Pharyngeal region, C. Head; D. Posterior body region showing the arrangement of precloacal supplements and tail; E. Copulatory apparatus. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp. n. +Female. A. Total view; B. Pharyngeal region; C. Tail; D. Head showing cuticle and amphid. + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp. n. +A. Total view of male, B. Pharyngeal region of male, C. Head of male, D Tail of male, E. Posterior body region showing the arrangement of precloacal supplements and tail of male, F. Total view of female, I. Tail of female, J. vulva region. + + +Male reproductive system diorchic, with opposed and outstretched short testes. Anterior testis situated on the left, and the posterior testis on the right, side of the intestine. Slender cuticularized paired spicules of equal lengths and widths and slightly curved ventrally; proximal half with mid-septum and presence of alae. Several glandular cells are arranged around the spicules. Small gubernaculum with narrow cuticularized apophysis. Six minute pore-like pre-cloacal supplements, equally distributed; pre-cloacal setae present. Spermatozoa oval, 5 µm long. Tail conico-cylindrical with swollen tip. Three caudal glands present in postanal region, ending in a spinneret. Two caudal setae, 2.5 µm long. + + +TABLE 1. +Morphometric measurements of + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp.nov. +and + +Sabatieria fidelis + +sp. nov. + + + + +S. exilis +S. fidelis + +* Length of cylindrical portion in the tail Female +paratype +: The females are quite similar to the males, although some minor morphological differences can be observed. Total body length and head diameter similar to males, tail somewhat shorter than male. Reproductive system didelphic, amphidelphic, with outstretched ovaries. Anterior ovary to the left and posterior ovary to the right of intestine. Distal and proximal parts of uterus with oocyte 25–34 µm long. Vagina fine-walled, with dilatory muscle. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
HolotypeAllotypeParatypeParatypeParatypeHolotypeAllotype Paratype Paratype
MaleFemaleMale= 3FemaleJuvenil= 2MaleFemale Male Female
at1.51.51.51.51.32.52.5 2 3
L11781010940–1030970610–85016971878 2728 1240
ph162142136–146151120–135225255 255 225
ex pore869390–1009280–95135150 135 75
ner ring708170–848160–82105120 not visible not visible
v-533-545--970 - 620
cs2.52.52–2.51.91–2.53.73.7 3.7 3
amph wid433–44410.511 11 10
hd88786–71417 15,5 11
bulb d131413–151710–143443 40 26
M262922–293419–256468 79 40
spic33-34–35--62- 68
gub7-5–7--16- 18 -
apoph10-9–11--22- 22 -
T9377797264–7412090 150 90
cylindrical*12107–1267–81313 21 16
s term2.52.5–52.5–32.5233 not visible not visible
som s2not visiblenot visiblenot visiblenot visible3not visible not visible not visible
suppl6-6--not visible- not visible -
cbd amph988981719 17 14
cbd ex pore233119–221516–234848 56 37
cbd ner ring192718–201617–214543 54 30
cbd bulb272624–273019–255854 74 40
cbd v-29-34--68 - 41
abd222119–222415–204448 52 27
V %-53-56--52 - 50
a'45.334.835–4628.732.7–33.426.327.6 34.8 31
b'7.37.17–7.56.45–6.37.57.4 10.9 5.5
c'12.713.212–1313.59.5–11.514.120.9 18.5 13.8
A%49.438.839–5449.4546256.9 64.3 27.3
c’4.23.74342.71.9 2.9 3.3
spic/abd1.5-1.5–2--1.4- 1.3 -
+ + + +Diagnosis +. + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp. n. +can be distinguished by the constriction of the pharynx at the level of the cephalic setae, the small uniformly rounded head, the minute buccal cavity, and the number of turns in the amphidial fovea (1.5). + + + + +Discussion +. + +Sabatieria exilis + +sp. n. +resembles + +Sabatieria stekhoveni + +in the spicule shape and in possessing a pre-cloacal seta, but can be distinguished from the known species especially by the total length (940–1178 µm in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +1547–1700 +µm in + +S. stekhoveni + +), number of amphidial fovea turns (1.5 +versus +3.25), length of the tail (3–4 +versus +4–4.5 cloacal diameter). With + +Sabatieria pissina +, +S. exilis + +shares the short cephalic setae ( +2–2.5 in + +S. exilis versus + +2.2–2.5 µm in + +S. pissina + +), small dots on the cuticle, spicule length and shape (33–35 +versus +29–31 µm), and apophysis length (9–11 +versus +9.7 µm), but can be differentiated from this species by the total length (940–1178 µm in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +657–777µm in + +S. pissina + +), tail length (64–93 µm in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +50–62 µm in + +S. pissina + +); number of turns in amphidial fovea (1.5 +versus +2.75–3), de Man index a (28.7–46 +versus +21.5–27.3) and absence of supplements in + +S. pissina + +. + + +In relation to + +S. propissina + +, this new species is similar in the shape of spicule and its length in relation to the cloacal diameter ( +1.5–2 in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +1.3–1.4 in + +S. propissina + +). The length of the gubernaculum apophysis is also similar ( +9–11 in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +10–11 µm in + +S. propissina + +). They can be distinguished by the total length (940–1178 µm in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +670–780 µm in + +S. propissina + +), length of pharynx (136–162 µm in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +110–118 µm in + +S. propissina + +) and cephalic diameter (7–8 µm in + +S. exilis + +sp. n. +versus +5.8–6 µm in + +S. propissina + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3A/09/163A092570A55ABCBD9C6B80634B3631.xml b/data/16/3A/09/163A092570A55ABCBD9C6B80634B3631.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88b2f9dc7b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3A/09/163A092570A55ABCBD9C6B80634B3631.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +Type material of Acanthocephala, Nematoda and other non-helminths phyla (Cnidaria, Annelida, and Arthropoda) housed in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute / FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1979 to 2016 + + + +Author + +Lopes, Daniela A. +Laboratorio de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil + + + +Author + +Gomes, Delir Correa +Laboratorio de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil + + + +Author + +Knoff, Marcelo +Laboratorio de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil +knoffm@ioc.fiocruz.br + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +2017-10-23 + + +711 + + +1 +52 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.14753 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.711.14753 +1313-2970-711-1 +D94E8B43C7A7447386D4FFBFAD6852DC +FFC4FE3CFFAAFF87F42FFF91FFACFFC3 +1149948 + + + + +Procamallanus (Procamallanus) annipetterae Kohn & Fernandes, 1988 + + + +Type host. + + +Hypostomus albopunctatus + +(Regan, 1908) ( +Osteichthyes +: +Loricariidae +). + + + +Infection site. +Intestine. + + +Type locality. + +Brazil, +Parana +State, +Iguacu +River, Hydroelectric Power station Salto +Osorio +. + + + +Holotype. +♂ CHIOC 32430 a. + + +Paratype. +CHIOC 32430 b (allotype ♀). + + +References. + +Kohn and Fernandes (1988a +, +b +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3A/52/163A523CC69F95B9448BE7AB60D44956.xml b/data/16/3A/52/163A523CC69F95B9448BE7AB60D44956.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7cb14492e30 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3A/52/163A523CC69F95B9448BE7AB60D44956.xml @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Malvaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +466 +470 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Tilia platyphyllos +Scop. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: +Aehnlich +wie + +T. cordata + +, aber + +Blaetter +weich + +, Durchmesser bis +15 cm +, oberseits auf den Nerven meist behaart, unterseits gleichfarbig oder heller +gruen +, +mindestens auf den Nerven behaart +, mit weisslichen +Baertchen +in den Nervenwinkeln. + +Bluetenstand +2-5 +bluetig + +. +Fluegelartiges +Hochblatt oft bis zum Grund des +Bluetenstiels +reichend (bei + +T. cordata + +nie so), + +Frucht mit 4-5 vortretenden +Laengsrippen + +. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 6 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: +Waelder +, buschige +Haenge +/ kollin-montan / CH, aber meist nur angepflanzt ( +urspruenglich +in den +Foehntaelern +und in der +Suedschweiz +) + + + + +Verbreitung global: Mittel- und +suedeuropaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl T +kollin ( +Laubmischwaelder +mit Eichen) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +maessig +naehrstoffarm +bis +maessig +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Sommer-Linde +Nom +francais +: + +Tilleul +a +larges feuilles + +Nome italiano: +Tiglio nostrano + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3A/72/163A72BE045F1BE2FBFEDE8C2F8246A6.xml b/data/16/3A/72/163A72BE045F1BE2FBFEDE8C2F8246A6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bbcc9c2ae01 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3A/72/163A72BE045F1BE2FBFEDE8C2F8246A6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ + + + +Brazilian Trichoptera Checklist II + + + +Author + +Paprocki, Henrique + + + +Author + +Franca, Diogo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1557 +1557 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 +1314-2828-2-1557 + + + + +Macrostemum surinamense (Flint), 1974 + + + +Distribution +Amazonas + + +Notes + +Flint Jr 1974a +, + +Franca +et al. 2013 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3A/F8/163AF84C0451321499E11C503A55A8F8.xml b/data/16/3A/F8/163AF84C0451321499E11C503A55A8F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7787eb7becc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3A/F8/163AF84C0451321499E11C503A55A8F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Mimosa lebbeck +, +spec. nov. + + + + +1. Mimosa foliis pinnatis: foliolis oblongo-ellipticis, petiolis obverse clavatis. +Hasselquist. act. ups. 1750. p.9. +* + + + + +Habitat in +AEgypto +superiore. ♄ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/24/163B2435297897C91C799C86823E3E79.xml b/data/16/3B/24/163B2435297897C91C799C86823E3E79.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84b5995919a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/24/163B2435297897C91C799C86823E3E79.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe +Hormorini Horn, 1876 + + + + +Hormori +G. H. Horn, 1876: 23 [stem: Hormor-]. Type genus: +Hormorus +G. H. Horn, 1876. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/43/163B4389F000CDC572A5C77A654E29A4.xml b/data/16/3B/43/163B4389F000CDC572A5C77A654E29A4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..199a5a89711 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/43/163B4389F000CDC572A5C77A654E29A4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +610 +650 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Lobelia minuta +Linnaeus + +, + +Mantissa Plantarum Altera +: + +292. 1771 + + +. + + + +"Habitat ad Cap. b. spei subaquosis." RCN: 6755. + + + + +Neotype +(Meikle in +Kew Bull. +34: 374. 1979): Herb. Tournefort No. 861 ( +P-TOURN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Solenopsis minuta +(L.) C. Presl subsp. +minuta + +( +Campanulaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3.xml b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c64f08eac47 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3461FFE9FEF7CF6FFE6044B3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ + + + +New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino + + + +Author + +Cumming, Jeffrey M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1136 + + +49 +64 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.171981 +8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a +1175­5326 +171981 + + + + + + + +Macrostomus occidentalis + +, +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 20–22 +, +40 +) + + + +Diagnosis. Postcranium black dorsally, rather yellow ventrally; thorax, abdomen and legs predominantly yellow; male fore tarsomeres 1–3 light brown, not white distally; hind tarsomere 1 with 7 slender dorsal setae; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 rather evanescent distally; male tergite 8 acute distally with apex rather blunt. + + +FIGURES 12–19 +. + +Macrostomus lineatus + +, +n. sp. +holotype ɗ and paratype Ψ. 12, male wing; 13, male tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 14, male terminalia, lateral view, internal apex of epandrium in detail; 15, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view; 16, female wing; 17, female tergite 8 and sternite 8, lateral view; 18, female sternite 8, ventral view, left setae not represented; 19, female genital fork. + + + + +FIGURES 20–22 +. + +Macrostomus occidentalis + +, +n. sp. +, holotype ɗ. 20, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 21, epandrium and cerci, lateral view; 22, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. + + + +Description. Male. Frons approximately one­third of anterior ocellus width. Face slightly wider than frons only at apex. 1 pair of ocellar setae. Postcranium black dorsally, yellow ventrally. Postgena with slender setae. Antennae black with scape and pedicel yellow; flagellum trisegmented. Palpus yellow. Thorax yellow with yellow to gray­brown pruinescence. 4 dorsocentral setae; 1 presutural supra­alar seta; no postsutural supra­alar seta; 3 notopleural setae; 2 pairs of scutellar setae; 3–5 antepronotal setae; 1–3 tiny proepisternal setae; 3–5 katatergital setae. Legs entirely yellow with apex of hind femur and all tarsi slightly light brown. Slightly stronger setae: hind femur with 5–6 anteroventral subapical stronger. Slender setae: hind trochanter with 1 posterior long and slender; hind tibia with 7 dorsal; hind tarsomere 1 with 7 dorsal. Wing with costal margin and pterostigma inconspicuously light brown­infuscated; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 rather evanescent distally. Halter yellow with knob slightly brown. Abdomen yellow with dorsal half of terminalia black. Terminalia. Tergite 8 ( +Fig. 20 +) with rather blunt projection distally. Epandrium ( +Fig. 21 +) with anterodorsal and posterodorsal lobes of subequal length. Anterior cercus ( +Fig. 21 +) rather elongate; posterior cercus with bifid apex, slender anterodorsal setae and a small inconspicuous simple protuberance at margin. Hypandrium ( +Fig. 22 +) membranous at posterior basal half, without strong setae and with a rather membranous paired protuberance distally. + +Female. unknown. + +Size. Body not measured; wing +3.4 mm +. + + +Geographical distribution. +Colombia +(Cauca) ( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Material. +Holotype +ɗ: +COLOMBIA +[Cauca], Buenaventura, xi.6.1950, Michelbacher and Ross (CAS). + + +Holotype +condition. Left antenna and left mid leg lost. Abdomen in glycerine. + + +Etymology. From Latin +occidens += west, in reference to the distribution, west of the Andes. + + +Discussion. + +M. occidentalis + +appears related to + +M. ferrugineus +(Fabricius) + +and + +M. fulvithorax +(Curran) + +which all possess a rather long and truncate tergite 8 projection (although shorter and more acuminate in + +M. ferrugineus + +, shorter and truncate in + +M. fulvithorax + +). + +M +. +occidentalis + +differs from both in the structure of the male genitalia and in the postcranium, which lacks a dorsal shinning spot (present in the other two species), as well as in hind tarsomere 1, which bears 7 slender dorsal setae (maximum of +5 in +the other two species). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3462FFE6FEF7CA88FBF04394.xml b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3462FFE6FEF7CA88FBF04394.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2fc6a1a71ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3462FFE6FEF7CA88FBF04394.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino + + + +Author + +Cumming, Jeffrey M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1136 + + +49 +64 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.171981 +8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a +1175­5326 +171981 + + + + + + + +Macrostomus lineatus + +, +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 12–19 +, +40 +) + + + +Diagnosis. Postcranium black with no pruinosity on upper third; thorax yellow with a median black longitudinal stripe, this stripe internal to dorsocentral setae; no postsutural supra­alar seta; hind femur distinctly clavate; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 veins rather evanescent distally; epandrium with posterodorsal lobe wider than anterodorsal one, with spiniform setae internally. + +Description. Male. Frons slightly narrower than anterior ocellus width. Face half of frons width. 1 pair of ocellar setae. Postcranium black with no pruinosity on upper third; postgena with tiny setae. Flagellum indistinctly trisegmented. Thorax yellow with a median black longitudinal stripe, this stripe internal to dorsocentral setae, extending from anterior margin of scutum to posterior pair of dorsocentral setae; gray­brown pruinose. 3– 4 dorsocentral setae, posterior pair longer; no postsutural supra­alar seta; 2 notopleural setae; 4–5 antepronotal setae; 2–3 proepisternal setae rather strong; 5–6 katatergital setae. Legs, yellow with apex of fore tibia, apex of mid femur, apex of mid tibia, apex of distinctly clavate hind femur, apex of hind tibia and mid and hind tarsi, black; fore tarsomeres 1–2 yellow. Slightly stronger setae: fore tibia with posterodorsal row with slightly longer slender setae; mid femur with 1 anterior near apex and 6–7 anteroventral slightly strong at distal third; mid tibia with 2 posterodorsal along basal half, 1 posterior at middle, 1–2 anteroventral very short at distal half; hind femur with 1 anterior near apex, 2 anteroventral at distal third, 4–5 posterior slender setae near base. Slender setae: hind tibia with 4 dorsal, two distal being longer; hind tarsomere 1 with 1 dorsal. Wing ( +Fig. 12 +) brown­infuscated along costal and r1 cell and slightly at apex of r2+3 cell; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 veins rather evanescent distally. Halter yellow. Abdomen with T1 yellow laterally and no distinct longer posterolateral setae on T2–3. Terminalia ( +Figs. 13– 15 +). Tergite 8 ( +Fig. 13 +) with bifid distal projection and deep basal cleft. Epandrium ( +Fig. 14 +) with posterodorsal lobe wider, slightly higher than anterodorsal lobe and with spiniform setae internally. Anterior cercus ( +Fig. 14 +) short and narrow; posterior cercus complex, short with no setae distally; with a long and thin ventral protuberance with yellow digitiform setae at apex and internally with two short protuberances, one curved with longer yellow setae at apex and one, near base of the latter, not curved with small yellow setae at apex. Hypandrium ( +Fig. 15 +) with few setae on basal third, a long projection medially. Ejaculatory apodeme narrowly connected to phallus. + + +Female. Frons slightly wider than anterior ocellus width; face half of frons width. +Hind +femur not as clavate as in male. Wing ( +Fig. 16 +) more infuscated than in male. Female tergite 8 ( +Fig. 17 +) with small cleft distally; sternite 8 ( +Figs. 17, 18 +) with perpendicular median cleft laterally and a small sclerotized area internally. Genital fork ( +Fig. 19 +) with small distal arms. Genital chamber membranous. + + +Size. Body length +3.8–3.9 mm +; wing length 3.9–4.0 mm. + + +Geographical distribution. +Ecuador +, +Peru +( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Material. +Holotype +ɗ: +ECUADOR +, Napo­Pastaza, +2–8 mi +[les] N[orth] of Puyo, +953 m +, II.9.1955 (sic), E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross coll (CAS). +Paratypes +. Same data as +holotype +(1Ψ CAS, same pin of the +holotype +); +PERU +, Avispas, Madre de Dios, +10– 20.ix.1962 +, L. Pena, +400 m +(1Ψ CNC). + + +Holotype +condition. Right antennae and abdomen in glycerine; right wing mounted in microslide. + + +Etymology. From Latin +linea += line, in reference to the median dark stripe on scutum. + + +Discussion. As mentioned previously, + +M +. +lineatus + +apparently belongs to the same group as + +M. alpinus + +, + +M. ciliaticosta + +and + +M. tarsalis + +. All species possess a rather membranous area medially on the hypandrium. + +M +. +lineatus + +differs from the other species in having tergite 8 with a bifid distal projection and deep basal cleft, the hypandrium with a long projection medially and bearing a few setae on the basal third. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3464FFE5FEF7CBE5FD67453E.xml b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3464FFE5FEF7CBE5FD67453E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..12d62f13b0c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3464FFE5FEF7CBE5FD67453E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino + + + +Author + +Cumming, Jeffrey M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1136 + + +49 +64 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.171981 +8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a +1175­5326 +171981 + + + + + + + +Macrostomus ciliaticosta + +, +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 5–11 +, +40 +) + + + +Diagnosis. Thorax yellow with scutum and scutellum brown to black; female with short dorsal pinnate scales on hind tibia; cell dm rather acute; M1, M2 and A1 rather distinct. + +Description. Male. Frons one­third of anterior ocellus width. Face slightly wider than frons. 2 pairs of ocellar setae. Flagellum indistinctly trisegmented. Thorax yellow with scutum and scutellum brown to black, more distinctly gray­brown pruinose on darker areas. 3 dorsocentral setae, the mid one weaker; 3 notopleural setae; 3–4 antepronotal setae; 1–2 proepisternal setae rather strong (when 2, one smaller); 7–8 katatergital setae. Legs, predominantly yellow with apex of fore tibia, apex of mid femur, apex of mid tibia, distal half of hind femur, entire hind tibia and mid and hind tarsi, black; fore tarsomeres 1– 3 rather yellow, 1–2 light banded medially, 4–5 black. Slightly stronger setae: fore tibia with 1–2 posterodorsal along basal half; mid femur with 1 anterior near apex; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal near base and slightly beyond middle, 1 posterodorsal at middle, 2 posteroventral along basal half, 3–4 anteroventral along distal three­quarter; hind femur with 3 anterior at basal three­quarter, near base of distal third and at distal three­quarter, 2– 3 anteroventral along distal third. Slender setae: hind tibia with 5–6 dorsal; hind tarsomere 1 with 2 dorsal. Wing ( +Fig. 5 +) brown­infuscated along costal cell and apex of cell r2+3; cell dm rather acute; M1, M2 and A1 rather distinct; costal vein with longer slender setae at base. Halter whitish at apex of knob. Abdomen black. Terminalia ( +Figs. 6–8 +). Tergite 8 (fig. 6) with truncated distal projection. Epandrium ( +Fig. 7 +) with anterodorsal and posterodorsal lobes of subequal height. Anterior cercus ( +Fig. 7 +) short and narrow; posterior cercus with apex acute and few long slender setae at margin, with wide ventral protuberance with many marginal yellow setae. Hypandrium ( +Fig. 8 +) with distinct bifid protuberance posteriorly, many setae along posterior margin. + + +Female. Frons approximately anterior ocellus width; face slightly narrower than frons. Fore tibia with 1 longer posterodorsal seta near middle; hind femur with 2 anterior setae near base and near apex; hind tibia ( +Fig. 9 +) with 4 dorsal setae and short dorsal pinnate scales; hind tarsomere 1 with 1 slender dorsal seta. Wing distinctly long. Female tergite 8 as in +Fig. 10 +; sternite 8 ( +Fig. 11 +) with subapical paired sclerotized protuberance, medially with a longitudinal rather membranous line, laterally less sclerotized and at distal half with a lateral area more sclerotized. Genital fork Y­shaped with rather strong lateral arms and a median short protuberance ventrally. Genital chamber membranous. + + + +FIGURES 5–11 +. + +Macrostomus ciliaticosta + +, +n. sp. +paratype ɗ and paratype Ψ. 5, male wing; 6, male tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 7, male terminalia, lateral view; 8, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view; 9, female left hind leg, anterior view, larger and pinnate setae represented; 10, female tergite 8, dorsal view, setae not represented; 11, female sternite 8, right setae not represented. + + + +Size. Body length 3.8–4.0 mm; wing length +4.1–5.3 mm +. + + +Geographical distribution. +Ecuador +, +Peru +, +Brasil +( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Material. +Holotype +ɗ: +PERU +, Cuzco, Quincemil, +01–15.xi.1962 +, L. Pena, +700 m +(CNC). +Paratypes +. Same data as +holotype +(2ɗ CNC); +15–30.x.1962 +(1ɗ INPA); +ECUADOR +, Tixan, +8 mi +[les]. NE Alausi, Chimborazo, II.14.1955 (sic), +2800 m +, E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross coll. (1Ψ CAS); +BRAZIL +, Amazonas, Coari, Rio Urucu, Petrobrás, RUC +30, 27.x +–01.xi.1994, L.E.F. Rocha e Silva, arm. Malaise (1Ψ INPA). + + +Holotype +condition. Not dissected. + + +Etymology. From Latin +cilium += ciliate, +costa += costa, in reference to the longer setae on C vein. + + +Discussion. + +M +. +ciliaticosta + +apparently belongs to the same group as + +M. alpinus + +, + +M. lineatus + +and + +M. tarsalis + +, because each species has a rather membranous area medially on the hypandrium. + +M. ciliaticosta + +differs in having tergite 8 with a small truncated projection, the hypandrium bearing a distinct bifid protuberance and in possessing slender setae along entire posterior margin. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3466FFE3FEF7CBA5FB4A4413.xml b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3466FFE3FEF7CBA5FB4A4413.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c3b8fa5509 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D3466FFE3FEF7CBA5FB4A4413.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino + + + +Author + +Cumming, Jeffrey M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1136 + + +49 +64 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.171981 +8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a +1175­5326 +171981 + + + + + + + +Macrostomus alpinus + +, +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 1–4 +, +40 +) + + + +Diagnosis. One pair of ocellar setae; hind femur bicolored, banded with yellow and black, median part and apex black; male fore tarsomeres 1–4 black, not white distally; hind tarsomere 1 with strong anterior and anteroventral setae; cell dm rather acute; M1, M2 and A1 veins rather distinct. + +Description. Male. Frons one­third of anterior ocellus width. Face slightly narrower than anterior ocellus width. 1 pair of ocellar seta. Antennae lost in both specimens examined. Thorax black, gray­brown pruinose; 3 dorsocentral setae, the posterior longer; 3 notopleural setae; 4 antepronotal setae; 2 proepisternal setae with one strong; 7–8 katatergital setae. Legs, predominantly yellow with apex of fore tibia, apex of mid femur, distal half of mid tibia, median part and apex of hind femur, entire hind tibia and all tarsi, black; fore tarsomeres 1–4 black, not white distally. Slightly stronger setae: fore tibia with 2 posterior along basal half; mid femur with 1 anterior near apex; mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal near base, 2 posterodorsal at base and apex of median third, 1 posterior near middle, 2 anteroventral along distal half; hindleg longer setation as depicted in +Fig. 1 +: femur with 2 anterior, one at basal quarter and one at distal quarter; 2 anteroventral, one near middle and one at base of distal third; 1 dorsal at base of distal third. Slender setae: hind tibia with 6–7 dorsal; hind tarsomere 1 with 2 dorsal, 1 anterior and 1 anteroventral, the last rather strong spiniform setae. Wing brown­infuscated at pterostigma and slightly infuscated at costal cell and apex of cell r2+3; cell dm rather acute; M1, M2 and A1 rather distinct; costal margin with longer slender setae at base. Halter whitish. Abdomen black. Terminalia ( +Figs. 2–4 +). Tergite 8 ( +Fig. 2 +) with small rounded projection distally and a narrow basal cleft. Epandrium ( +Fig. 3 +) with anterodorsal and posterodorsal lobes of subequal height, with a small protuberance between them. Anterior cercus short and narrow presenting two parts, the anterior wider with a internal dorsal sinus and the posterior smaller, thinner connected with anterior part ventrally; posterior cercus very large, rounded with many short setae, antero­ventrally with wide protuberance with many yellow marginal setae; anterodorsal lobe slightly sclerotized with few small setae at apex. Hypandrium ( +Fig. 4 +) with many long setae, basal pair longer; with small subapical lateral protuberance with short setae. + + +Size. Body approximately 4.0 mm, abdomen curved; wing length +4.3 mm +. + +Female. Unknown. + +Geographical distribution. +Colombia +, +Ecuador +( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Material. +Holotype +ɗ: +COLOMBIA +, Cauca, +11 mi +[les] N[orth] Popayan, +1830 m +, III.5.1955 (sic), E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross coll. (CAS). +Paratypes +. +ECUADOR +, Napo­ Pastaza, +6–8 mi +[les]. W. Mera, +1500 m +, II.10.1955, E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross (1ɗ INPA). + + + +FIGURES 1–4 +. + +Macrostomus alpinus + +, +n. sp. +1, left hind leg, anterior view, larger setae represented, holotype ɗ; 2, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented, paratype ɗ; 3, male terminalia, lateral view, paratype ɗ; 4, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view, paratype ɗ. Abbreviations: a ce, anterior cercus; adp, anterodorsal protuberance; ej apod, ejaculatory apodeme; ep, epandrium; hypd, hypandrium; p ce, posterior cercus, pdp, posterodorsal protuberance; ph, phallus; st, sternite; tg, tergite. + + + +Holotype +condition. Not dissected. + + +Etymology. From Latin + +alpinus + += high mountains, in reference to the high altitude in which the specimens were collected. + + +Discussion. + +M +. +alpinus + +apparently belongs to the same group as + +M. ciliaticosta + +, + +M. lineatus + +and + +M. tarsalis + +. These species all have a rather membranous area medially on the hypandrium. + +M. alpinus + +is distinct in having tergite 8 with a small rounded projection, and in having the hypandrium with longer setae concentrated medially along the posterior margin and laterally bearing a small subapical protuberance with short setae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D346CFFEFFEF7CA3DFB5747A3.xml b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D346CFFEFFEF7CA3DFB5747A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c301d7efea1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D346CFFEFFEF7CA3DFB5747A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ + + + +New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino + + + +Author + +Cumming, Jeffrey M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1136 + + +49 +64 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.171981 +8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a +1175­5326 +171981 + + + + + + + +Macrostomus tarsalis + +, +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 29–39 +, +40 +) + + + +Diagnosis. Prosternum yellow; anterolateral part of scutum, including postpronotal lobe without pruinosity; female hind leg with ventral pinnate scales at distal quarter of femur and some dorsal near middle of femur, dorsal along dorsal face and ventral at basal half of hind tibia; male hind tarsomere 3 widened in dorsal view; cell dm rather acute; M1, M2 and A1 rather distinct. + +Description. Male. Head lost. Thorax black with prosternum yellow; gray­blue pruinose with anterolateral part of scutum, including postpronotal lobe without pruinosity. 3 dorsocentral setae, the mid one weaker; 3 notopleural setae; 4–5 antepronotal setae; 2 proepisternal setae being one strong; 7–8 katatergital setae. Legs, predominantly yellow with apex of mid femur and apex of mid tibia, distal half of hind femur, entire hind tibia and all tarsi, black; tarsomere 2 inconspicuously yellow medially. Slightly stronger setae: mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal near base, 2–3 ventral very short along distal three­quarter; hind femur with 2 anterior at basal three­quarter and at distal three­quarter, no anteroventral setae. Slender setae: hind tibia with 4 dorsal; hind tarsomere 1 with 1 dorsal. +Hind +tarsomere 3 modified, widened in dorsal view. Wing ( +Fig. 29 +) brown­infuscated at costal cell, pterostigma and apex of cell r2+3; cell dm rather acute; M1, M2 and A1 rather distinct. Halter light yellow to white. Terminalia ( +Figs. 30–33 +). Tergite 8 ( +Fig. 30 +) with large broad projection and wide basal median cleft; sternite 8 ( +Fig. 31 +) with posterolateral projection. Epandrium ( +Fig. 32 +) with anterodorsal and posterodorsal lobes of subequal height. Anterior cercus elongate; posterior cercus complex, slightly bifid distally with long slender setae at margin; with a wide ventral protuberance with elongate digitiform yellow setae distally, internally with elongate protuberance with short distal yellow setae and a smaller and thinner simple protuberance near base of the latter. Hypandrium ( +Fig. 33 +) with large sinus at apex and a unique protuberance inside sinus, many long setae on distal posterior half. + + + +FIGURES 29­33 +. + +Macrostomus tarsalis + +, +n. sp. +, holotype ♂. 29, wing; 30, tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 31, sternite 8, ventral view, left setae not represented; 32, terminalia, lateral view; 33, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. + + + + +FIGURES 34­39 +. + +Macrostomus tarsalis + +, +n. sp. +, paratype Ψ. 34 right anterior leg, posterior view, larger and pinnate setae represented; 35, wing; 36, tergite 8 and sternite 8, lateral view, setae not represented; 37, sternite 8, ventral view, left setae not represented; 38, female tergite 8, dorsal view, setae not represented; 39, female genital fork. + + + +Female. Frons wider than anterior ocellus width; face approximately anterior ocellus width, without pruinosity; 2 pairs of ocellar setae; postgena setae rather long. Prosternum yellow and propleuron partially yellow. 3–4 dorsocentral setae; 3–4 antepronotal setae (dorsocentral and antepronotal setae variable in the same specimen). Slightly stronger setae: mid tibia with 1 anterodorsal near base, 1 posterodorsal near middle, 2 posteroventral at base and apex of median third and 1 anteroventral at apex of median third. Pinnate scales on hindleg ( +Fig. 34 +): ventral at distal quarter and some dorsal thinner near middle of femur; dorsal along dorsal face and ventral at basal half of tibia. Wing ( +Fig. 35 +) wider than in male, brown­ infuscated at costal and r1 cells and apex of r2+3 cell. + + +Terminalia ( +Figs. 36–39 +). Tergite 8 and sternite 8 as depicted in +Figs. 36 +. Tergite 8 ( +Fig. 38 +) with large distal cleft. sternite 8 ( +Fig. 37 +) rather membranous ventrally. Genital fork ( +Fig. 39 +) elongate with short lateral arms not projected laterally. Genital chamber membranous. + + +Size. Body length not measured; wing +4.8 mm +. + + +Geographical distribution. +Ecuador +( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Material. +Holotype +ɗ: +ECUADOR +, Napo­Pastaza, +2–8 mi +[les] N[orth] of Puyo, +953 m +, II.9.1955 (sic), E.I. Schlinger & E.S. Ross collectors (CAS). +Paratype +. Same data and same pin as the +holotype +(1Ψ CAS). + + +Holotype +condition. Head lost. Right wing mounted in microslide; terminalia in glycerine together with female terminalia of +paratype +. + + +Etymology. From Greek +tarsos += tarsus, in reference to the shape of the hind tarsomere 3. + + + +FIGURE 40 +. Distributions of new species of + +Macrostomus + +. Symbols represent the known collection localities as follows: square = + +M. alpinus + +; diamond = + +M. ciliaticosta + +; circle = + +M. lineatus + +; star = + +M. occidentalis + +; triangle = + +M. penai + +; cross = + +M. tarsalis + +. + + + +Discussion. As mentioned previously, + +M +. +tarsalis + +apparently belongs to the same group as + +M. alpinus + +, + +M. ciliaticosta + +and + +M. lineatus + +, on the basis of these species possessing a rather membranous area medially on the hypandrium. + +M +. +tarsalis + +is distinct from the remaining species in having tergite 8 with a large broad distal projection and a wide basal median cleft, sternite 8 with a posterolateral projection, and the hypandrium with a large sinus at the apex and many long setae on the distal posterior half. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D346EFFEBFEF7CA05FD2D454B.xml b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D346EFFEBFEF7CA05FD2D454B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..99b2deab68c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/5B/163B5B4D346EFFEBFEF7CA05FD2D454B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino + + + +Author + +Cumming, Jeffrey M. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1136 + + +49 +64 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.171981 +8ee587b3-3852-49d2-9297-995428a3531a +1175­5326 +171981 + + + + + + + +Macrostomus penai + +, +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 23–28 +, +40 +) + + + +Diagnosis. Male and female frons and face wide; postgena setae strong; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 rather evanescent distally; female sternite 8 very elongate, thin distally. + +Description. Male. Frons wider dorsally, narrower near antenna where it is as large as anterior ocellus width. Face as wide as frons near antenna. 2 pairs of ocellar setae. Postgena with 3 strong setae as strong as dorsal thoracic setae. Antennae with pedicel rather yellow; flagellum trisegmented. Palpus brown. Thorax black. 3–4 antepronotal setae as strong as adjacent thoracic setae; 3–4 proepisternal setae rather strong; 3 notopleural setae. Legs, predominantly yellow with apex of hind femur, apex of mid tibia, entire hind tibia and hind tarsus, black; fore and mid tarsi rather yellow with distal tarsomeres 4–5 darker. Fore tarsomeres 1–2 rather yellow banded medially. Slightly stronger setae: mid femur with 1 anterior stronger near apex; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal, 2 posterior along basal half, 1 ventral near middle; hind femur with 2 anterior at basal fifth and at distal fifth; no anteroventral setae. Slender setae: hind tibia with 4 dorsal. Wing brown­infuscated along costal cell, pterostigma and slightly at apex of cell r2+3; cell dm rather truncate; M1, M2 and A1 rather evanescent distally. Halter whitish. Terminalia ( +Figs. 23–25 +). Tergite 8 ( +Fig. 23 +) rather short, sinuous distally. Anterior cercus elongate with median internal protuberance; posterior cercus narrow with a very thin internal protuberance near base ( +Fig. 24 +). Hypandrium ( +Fig. 25 +) with no setae and with apex rather membranous. + + +Female. Frons wider than in male. Wing slightly more infuscated along costal and distal margin. Terminalia ( +Figs. 26–28 +) with tergite 8 and sternite 8 very elongate; sternite 8 ( +Figs. 26, 27 +) with lateral lobe near base and a small internal protuberance at distal third with apex thin and elongate. Genital fork ( +Fig. 28 +) small, with small cleft distally, slightly wider at apex. Genital chamber membranous. + + + +FIGURES 23–28. + +Macrostomus penai + +, +n. sp. +, holotype ɗ and paratype Ψ. 23, male tergite 8, dorsal view, right setae not represented; 24, epandrium and cercus, lateral view; 25, hypandrium and phallus, lateral view; 26, female terminalia, lateral view; 27, female sternite 8, ventral view, left setae not represented; 28, female genital fork. + + + +Size. Body 4.0– +4.1 mm +; wing length +3.8–4.1 mm +. Geographical distribution. +Ecuador +, +Peru +( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Material. +Holotype +ɗ: +PERU +, Cuzco, Quincemil, +1–15.xi.1962 +, L. Pena, +700 m +(CNC). +Paratypes +. Same data as +holotype +(1Ψ CNC); +1–15.x.1962 +(4Ψ CNC, 3Ψ INPA); Avispas, Madre de Dios, +10–20.ix.1962 +, L. Pena, +400 m +(2Ψ CNC, 1Ψ INPA); +ECUADOR +, Napo, Coca, Napo R., +v.1965 +, L. Pena, +250 m +(2Ψ CNC). + + +Holotype +condition. Terminalia in glycerine. + + +Etymology. The specific name is in honor of Mr Luis E. Peña who made significant contributions to entomology and collected the +type +series. + +Variation. Ecuadorian specimens have darker coxae. + +Discussion. + +M +. +penai + +is apparently most similar to + +M. nigriventris +(Macquart) + +, described from +Brazil +, in that both have a rather short tergite 8, which is blunted in + +M. penai + +and bears two distal clefts in + +M. nigriventris + +. They differ in the shape of the male terminalia, mainly in the hypandrium, which is slender and without setae in + +M. penai + +and broad with distinct posterior setae in + +M. nigriventris + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622018759E8FFD9A5F2DFF17.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622018759E8FFD9A5F2DFF17.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07b97756661 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622018759E8FFD9A5F2DFF17.xml @@ -0,0 +1,433 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Copris ensifer +Germar in + +Wiedemann & Germar, 1821 +: 147 + + +. + + + + + + + + + +Type +specimen: +Lectotype +: here designated + +, male (‘ +LECTOTYPE +♂ +/ +Copris ensifer Germar, 1821 +/ des. +Maldaner +, + +Cupello +& / +Vaz-de-Mello +, 2016 + +’, ‘ +26692 +’, ‘ +Brasilien +/ +Sao Paulo’ +), + +ZMHB + +( + +Figure +4 + +). + + + + + +Paralectotype +: 1. + +Male (‘ +PARALECTOTYPE +♂ +/ +Copris ensifer Germar, 1821 +/ des. Maldaner, +Cupello & / Vaz-de-Mello, 2016 +’, ‘ + +Brasil + +/ +v. Olfers +’, ‘ +26692 +’), + +ZMHB + + +. + +2. +Female (‘ +PARALECTOTYPE +♀ +/ +Copris ensifer Germar, 1821 +/ des. Maldaner, +Cupello & / Vaz-de-Mello, 2016 +’, ‘ + +ensifer + +/ +germ. +/ + +Brasil +. +V. Olf + +’, ‘26692), + +ZMHB + + +. + +3. +Female (‘ +PARALECTOTYPE +♀ +/ +Copris ensifer Germar, 1821 +/ des. Maldaner, +Cupello & / Vaz-de-Mello, 2016 +’, ‘ + +Brasil + +/ +v. Olfers +’, ‘ +26692 +’), + +ZHMB + + +. + +4. +Female (‘ +PARALECTOTYPE +♀ +/ +Copris ensifer Germar, 1821 +/ des. Maldaner, +Cupello & / Vaz-de-Mello, 2016 +’, ‘ + +Brasil + +/ +v. Olfers +’, ‘ +26692 +’), + +ZHMB + + +. +5. +Female (‘PARALECTOTYPE ♀ / +Copris ensifer Germar, 1821 +/ des. Maldaner, +Cupello & / Vaz-de-Mello, 2016 +’), +ZHMB +. + + + + +Type +locality: + +Brazil +: +São Paulo +state. + + + +Nomenclatural history: + +Copris ensifer + +was described in the paper titled +Neue exotische Käfer +co-authored by +Wiedemann & Germar (1821) +. In a footnote to the first page of that work, the authors stated that names followed by the letters ‘ +Gr. +’ were authored by Germar alone, while those followed by a ‘ +Wd +.’ had Wiedemann as their sole author. The specimens upon which they based their descriptions were deposited in author’s respective collections. Since ‘ + +Copris ensifer + +’ is followed by the ‘ +Gr +.’ abbreviation, Germar is to be deemed as the sole author of this name. + + +As a literature reference to the new species, Germar (1821) cited Voet’s (1766) plate 23, figure 2 ( +Figure 2 +A, right), and, after a long discussion comparing + +C. ensifer + +and + +C. lancifer + +, he said ‘the illustration given by Voet shows the female of our beetle, certainly not that of + +C. lancifer + +[…]’(‘ + +Voets angeführte Abbildung, stellt wahrscheinlich das Weibchen unsers Käfers, aus keinen Fall das von +C. lancifer dar +, nur find dann die Kanten der Deckschilde falsch ausgedrückt + +’). This same figure was cited by +Linné (1767) +as a reference to + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +and, therefore, both Linnaeus’s and Germar’s descriptions were based in part on a same specimen (the one illustrated by Voet) and their +type +series are mixed. To settle this question, we needed to fix the name + +C. ensifer + +to a single specimen from its original +type +series. + + + +According to +Horn & Kahle (1935) +, most of Germar’s insects are deposited in the Museum für +Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität +, +Berlin + +. + +During a visit to that institution in + +June 2016 + +, MC found six specimens that match Germar’s description of + +C. ensifer + +and show evidence of having been examined by Germar: as written in the +ZMHB +collection catalogue and in their labels, those specimens (originally seven, with register number 26692) were collected by the +Prussian +naturalist +Ignaz Franz Werner Maria von Olfers +( + +1793–1872 + +) (‘ +v. Olfers +’) in +Brazil +. +One +of the specimens bears also a label with a more precise information saying it was collected in ‘ + +Brasilien +, +São Paulo + +’, which perfectly corresponds to the +type +locality ‘ + +St. Paulo +in +Brasilia + +’ given by +Germar +(1821). +Having +arrived to +Rio de Janeiro +in 1816, +von Olfers +joined the +German +naturalist +Friedrich Sellow +( + +1789–1831 + +) in an expedition through the provinces of +Minas Gerais +and +São Paulo +, in +southeastern Brazil +, from + +August 1818 + +to + + +May 1819 + + +( +Papavero 1971 +). +After +this period, +von Olfers +returned to +Rio +and sent his collection (mainly insects and geological samples) to the museums in +Vienna +and +Berlin + +. + +Therefore, the six specimens found in the +ZMHB +were collected between + +1818 and 1819 + +and probably arrived in +Berlin +in time to be examined by +Germar +for the publication of + +C. ensifer + +in 1821. +As +last evidence that those specimens are true +syntypes +, one of them bears a green square label typical of old specimens studied by +Germar +, including some of his +type +specimens (Joachim Willers, curator at the +ZMHB +, personal communication to MC). +Taking +all this information into account, here we consider those six specimens as part of + +C. ensifer + +type +series and designate one of them, the largest male, as the +lectotype +( +Figure 4 +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622118759E8FF9D65D78F801.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622118759E8FF9D65D78F801.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ce8cb42e70 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622118759E8FF9D65D78F801.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Copris ajax + +Sturm, 1826 +: 125 + + +. Unavailable name ( +Nomen nudum +). + + + + + +Nomenclatural history: +This name was published in the first edition of the catalogue of beetles present in the collection of Jacob +Sturm. Sturm (1826) +listed ‘ + +Ajax +St. + +’, from ‘ + +Brasilia + +’, as the first species of genus + +Copris + +, but he gave no description for his new taxon. In the second edition of his collection’s catalogue, however, +Sturm (1843) +listed ‘ + +Ajax +. St. Cat + +.’ as one of the synonyms of + +Phanaeus ensifer + +, fact that suggests that Sturm was not aware of Germar’s description of this latter name when he published the first edition of his catalogue. Since then, + +Copris ajax + +was always cited as junior synonym of + +C. ensifer + +(e.g., +Harold 1869 +; +Nevinson 1892 +; +Gillet 1911 +; +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Blackwelder 1944 +; +Edmonds & Zidek 2010 +), but, as this name was never published companied by a description, illustration or an indication as defined in Article 12 of the Code, it does not satisfy the criteria of availability and is here considered as an unavailable name. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622218749E8FFB155CC0FE67.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622218749E8FFB155CC0FE67.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1db65d45740 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622218749E8FFB155CC0FE67.xml @@ -0,0 +1,480 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus sylvanus + +Castelnau, 1840 +: 80 + + +. Available name. + + + + + + + +Type specimens: +Unknown to us. Certainly, it was a syntype series (rather than just a holotype), since +Castelnau (1840) +described differences among sexes. See discussion below. + + + + +Type +locality: + +‘ + +Brésil + +’ ( +Castelnau 1840 +). + + + +Nomenclatural history: +In +Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coléoptères +, +Castelnau (1840) +described four species related to the modern concept of + +Megaphanaeus + +: + +Phanaeus ducalis + +, from ‘ + +Brésil + +’, which he recognized as being a new species described by him, + +P. sylvanus + +, from ‘ + +Brésil + +’, + +P. heros + +and + +P. miles + +, both from ‘ +Cayenne +’, the latter three names cited by him as from ‘ +Dej. Coll. +’. Indeed, they are listed in both the second ( + +Dejean +1833 + +– +1836 +) and the third ( + +Dejean +1836 + +–1837) editions of Dejean’s catalogue of the +Coleoptera +present in his collection. The name + +sylvanus + +, in particular (which was spelled as +silvanus +in the catalogue’s last two editions), was cited also in the first edition in combination with genus + +Copris +Geoffroy, 1762 ( +Dejean 1821 +) + +. Nonetheless, as +Dejean (1821 +, + +1833 +– +1836 + +, + +1836 +–1837 + +) only listed names without any description, illustration or indication, he failed in giving availability to them in light of the modern Code (Article 12) and he cannot be deemed as their author. The first author to provide a proper description for those names was +Castelnau (1840) +. For this reason, Castelnau was the person who gave availability to these names and who should be cited as their author, despite the fact that he himself has credited them to Dejean (see Bousquet & Bouchard’s [2013] discussion on the authorship of Dejean’s names). + + + +The whereabouts of Castelnau’s collection and +type +specimens are a tricky question. +His +first private collection and library, gathered by him until 1841, was donated by +Castelnau +himself to the +National Institute +for the +Promotion +of +Science +, forerunner of the today’s +Smithsonian Institution +, in +Washington +, D.C., +United States of America +, to where they arrived in + +January and February 1842 + +( +Evenhuis, 2012 +). However, nowadays there is no trace of this collection at the Smithsonian. As argued by +Evenhuis (2012) +, Castelnau’s specimens were probably consumed by the great fire occurred at the main hall of the Smithsonian Institution on the 24th of January, 1865. + + + +Therefore, if the +type +specimens of + +Phanaeus sylvanus + +and of the other three names described by +Castelnau (1840) +have ever been deposited there, they were probably destroyed. + + + +In 1848, Castelnau started an official diplomatic career for the French government and was sent as its consul to +Bahia +, +Brazil + +. + +After other posts in +Cape +Town and Bangkok, he eventually moved to the then British colony of +Australia +as the consul general in Melbourne, and there he stayed for the rest of his life ( +Cambefort 2006 +; +Evenhuis 2012 +). After his death in 1880, part of his final collection was left to the National Museum of +Victoria +, Melbourne. The portion remaining in Paris (probably formed between 1841, when he donated the first collection to the US, and 1848, when he left to +Brazil +) was auctioned in 1863 by the insect dealers Henri Deyrolle, in Paris, and Edward Wesley Janson, in London ( +Cambefort 2006 +), and, then, scattered throughout Europe ( +Horn & Kahle 1935 +; +Cambefort 2006 +; +Evenhuis 2012 +). + + + +The possibility that the +type +specimens of + +P. sylvanus + +and of the other three names are housed in the Melbourne museum is, in our opinion, almost null. Since Castelnau described them in 1840, therefore one year before the donation of his first collection to the National Institute, we do not believe they could be deposited in his Australian collection. In his revision of + +Phanaeus +, +Edmonds (1994) + +reached the same conclusion and wrote that, although ‘many phanaeines ( + +Phanaeus + +and related genera) exist in the Castelnau Collection at the National Museum of Victoria’, this collection does not include any specimen that ‘can reasonably be taken as typical’. In the revision of + +Oxysternon +Castelnau, 1840 + +, however, +Edmonds & Zídek (2004) +went in a different direction and recognized some putative +syntypes +in Melbourne of two names described by +Castelnau (1840) +: + +O. palemo + +(unjustifiably emended to +palaemon +by +Nevinson [1892] +, but in prevailing usage with Castelnau’s authorship) and + +O. silenus + +; no supposed +syntypes +of the other name established by +Castelnau (1840) +in + +Oxysternon + +, i.e. + +O. spiniferum + +, were found by them. Nevertheless, we are sceptical about +Edmonds & Zídek (2004) +recognition of those Melbourne specimens as Castelnau’s +type +specimens. We have no reason to believe that any phanaeine specimen in Melbourne museum was studied by Castelnau for his 1840 descriptions and the historical evidence, in our opinion, shows otherwise. Now that +Evenhuis (2012) +has published a detailed account of the history of Castelnau’s collections, we think that +Edmonds & Zídek (2004) +lectotype +designations for + +O. palemo + +and + +O. silenus + +should be readdressed and Arnaud’s (2003) +neotype +designation for them may be considered as pertinent. + + + +As said above, the portion of Castelnau’s second collection that remained in Paris was sold to several different entomologists in 1863. According to +Horn & Kahle (1935) +, the ‘Lamellicornia’ part was purchased by +Johan Wilhelm van Lansberge +and, years later, the ‘ +premier choix +’ (the first choice) of +van Lansberge’s +collection was bought by René Oberthür, while +Jacob Rudolph Hendrik Neervoort van de Poll +took the remaining specimens ( +Cambefort 2006 +). Oberthür’s +Coleoptera +collection was purchased in 1952 by the Museum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, and among its more than 5 million specimens, there were present tens of thousands of +type +specimens (Horn +et al +. 1990; +Cambefort 2006 +), including some described by Castelnau ( +Arnaud 2002a +, +2003 +; Horn +et al +. 1990; + +Puker +et al. +2014 + +). +Van de Poll’s +collection, in turn, was sold and divided into several smaller parts after its owner’s death and now specimens from it are encountered in most of the largest museums in Europe, including those in London, +Manchester +, Oxford, Paris, +Berlin +, Bonn, Leiden and Milan, and also in other continents ( +Horn & Kahle 1936 +; Horn +et al +. 1990), and in private collections ( +FZVM +personal observation) + +. FZVM, while visiting European collections between +2013 and 2014 +, was able to recognize Castelnau’s dung beetle types in four museums: Brussels, Paris, London and Oxford. However, in none of them syntypes of + +P. sylvanus + +or of any of the three Castelnau’s names related to + +Megaphanaeus + +were found. + + +Since +Castelnau (1840) +mentioned ‘ +Dej. Coll +.’ as his source of information for the description of + +P. sylvanus + +, + +P. heros + +and + +P. miles + +, it is possible that their +type +specimens were deposited in Dejean’s collection rather than in Castelnau’s (in fact, many Castelnau’s +Scarabaeinae +types +were recognized by +FZVM +from the presence of Dejean’s labels). Even so, with just one possible exception, our searches were again fruitless. As happened to van de Poll’s, Dejean’s collection was sold in parts in 1840 and now its specimens are scattered throughout Europe ( +Horn & Kahle 1935 +; Horn +et al +. 1990; +Cambefort 2006 +; +Bousquet & Bouchard 2013 +). In none of the collections visited by us have we found a specimen that could be linked to Castelnau’s names of + +Megaphanaeus + +. Giachino’s (1982) catalogue of the +Coleoptera +collection of the Italian entomologist Massimiliano Spinola ( +1780–1857 +), however, listed the presence of three specimens identified as ‘ + +Phanaeus sylvanus + +’, from ‘ +Cayenne +’ (not ‘ + +Brésil + +’, as cited by +Castelnau [1840] +). As explained by Giachino, Spinola’s collection, now housed in the Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Turin, is of special importance because, among other factors, it includes 28 boxes coming originally from Dejean’s collection. Although these boxes contain only +Chrysomelidae +specimens, specimens belonging to other groups in Spinola’s collection have labels indicating their origin from Dejean collection. However, those three specimens lack information about original collection ( +Giachino 1982: p. 224 +). For that reason, we decided not to designate one of the Spinola’s specimens as the +lectotype +of + +P. sylvanus + +and consider the whereabouts of the +syntypes +of this name as unknown. + + +The first author to cite + +P. sylvanus + +in synonymy with + +P. bellicosus + +was +Harold (1869) +and, since then, it has never been cited as a valid name again (e.g., +Nevinson 1892 +; +Gillet 1911 +; +d'Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Pessôa 1934 +; +Blackwelder 1944 +; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622518719E8FFF2E5F2DFD24.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622518719E8FFF2E5F2DFD24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7bae8708ddc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622518719E8FFF2E5F2DFD24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus vicinus +var. +argentinus + +Martínez, 1944 +: 187 + + +. Available name. + + + + + + + + +Type +specimen: +Holotype +: + +male (‘ +Argentina +/ Prov. / La Rioja’, ‘ +Phanaus (Meg.) +/ + +vicinus + +. +var +. / + +argentinus + +/ +n +. / +♂ +/ A.Martinez-det.19 +44 +’ ‘ +HOLOTIPO +♂ +’ ‘MACN-En 845’ ‘ +FICHADO +’), genital capsule dissected and glued to a paper card, + +MACN + +( +Figure 6 +C-D). + + + + +Type +locality: + +Argentina +: +La Rioja +. + + + +Nomenclatural history: +The name ‘ + +argentinus + +’ was used by +Martínez (1944) +in the description of an Argentinian variety of + +Phanaeus vicinus + +. According to Article 45.6.4 of the Code, species-group names published before +1961 in +the category of variety are deemed to be subspecific (in opposition of being infrasubspecific) and, hence, available. In his catalogue of the Argentinian dung beetles, +Martínez (1959) +listed ‘ + +var. +argentinus + +’ among the references of + +P. vicinus + +in a dubious way regarding whether he was considering them as synonyms. In the same way, +Martínez & Pereira (1967) +did not explicitly discuss the validity of ‘ + +var. +argentinus + +’, but, as they synonymized + +P. vicinus + +and + +P. bonariensis + +listing ‘ + +var. +argentinus + +’ among the references to the latter name, it is clear that they considered these three names as referring to a single species taxon. The +holotype +of + +Phanaeus vicinus argentinus + +, the only specimen on which +Martínez (1944) +based his description, was found by us in the +MACN +( +Figure 6 +C). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622618729E8FFD345B46F834.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622618729E8FFD345B46F834.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..902538c1486 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622618729E8FFD345B46F834.xml @@ -0,0 +1,259 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus bonariensis +Gory in + +Guérin-Méneville, 1844 +: 79 + + +. + + + + + + + + +Type +specimen: + +Unknown to us (see discussion below). Certainly, the description was based on a syntypic series, since +Gory (1844) +gave several places in +Argentina +and + +Paraguay + +as +type +locality. + + + + +Type +locality: + +‘ + +Buénos-Ayres +, +Corrientes +, le +Paraguay + +’ ( +Gory 1844 +). + + + +Nomenclatural history: +In +Iconographie du régne animal de G. Cuvier +, +Guérin-Méneville (1844) +discussed about the species today placed in + +Megaphanaeus + +and, following his discussion on + +Phanaeus ensifer + +, he said ‘Mr. Gory [the French entomologist Hippolyte Louis Gory ( +1800–1852 +)] possesses a new species related to this one, but it is quite distinct, we have seen several differences in both sexes; here follows the description he made of it’ (‘ +M. Gory possède une espèce nouvelle voisine de celle-ci, mais bien distincte, nous en avons vu plusieurs variétés de sexes divers; voice la description qu’il en faite: +’), and then he presented the description of ‘ + +Phanaeus Bonariensis + +, Gory’, from ‘ + +Buénos-Ayres +, +Corrientes +, le + +Paraguay + + +’. According to Article 50.1 of the Code, ‘the author of a name […] is the person who first published it in a way that satisfies the criteria of availability […]’, and Article 50.1.1 says ‘[…] if it is clear from the contents that some person other than an author of the work is alone responsible […] for the name […], then that other person is the author of the name […]’. With the phrase transcript above, Guérin- +Méneville (1844) +made it clear that Gory was the responsible both for the description and for naming + +Phanaeus bonariensis + +, making the latter entomologist its author. + + +After Gory’s death, his personal collection was scattered throughout different museums in Europe ( +Cambefort 2006 +), but even before some of his specimens seem to have been sent to other collections. For example, +Smith (1986) +cited a letter dated 1849 where Gory’s brother offered his collection by £300 to the English entomologist Reverend Frederick William Hope (1797–1762). Indeed, specimens coming from Gory’s collection were found in the Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, where they can be easily recognized by the presence of a small red square label handwritten ‘ +G +’ attached to them ( +Figure 5 +C shows an example) (Darren Mann, curator at the +OUMNH +, personal communication to MC on the 4th of September, 2016). + + +Nonetheless, we were unable to find a specimen of the species currently known as + +C. bonariensis + +bearing Gory’s label at +OUMNH +or at any other museum examined. Two apparently mid-nineteenth-century specimens of + +C. bonariensis + +from Hope-Westwood collection at +OUMNH +are potentially part of the +type +series ( +Figure5 +A–B), but, as none of them bears a ‘ +G +’ label, we prefer to be careful and, by now, we will not consider them as +syntypes +of + +Phanaeus bonariensis + +. +Arnaud (2002b) +mentioned that the +type +specimen of + +P. bonariensis + +was deposited in the +MNHN +(although it was not cited as being there in Arnaud’s [1982b] list of the +Phanaeini +type +material housed in the Paris museum). Nonetheless, +FZVM +spent a year at the +MNHN +and did not find this putative +type +there. Therefore, the whereabouts of + +P. bonariensis + +type +material are unknown to us. + + +The application of the name + +bonariensis + +to the + +Megaphanaeus + +species from the Chacoan habitats in +Bolivia +, +Brazil +, + +Paraguay + +and +Argentina +has long been well established (e.g., +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Edmonds 1972 +; +Arnaud 2002b +; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +) and is clear from the original description given by +Gory (1844) +, making no +neotype +designation necessary at the moment. The fact that one of the places of the +type +locality is ‘ + +Buenos Ayres + +’, which is, in the stricter sense of the word, out of the occurrence area of the species, is not considered by us as relevant, as it may indicate rather a departure port to Europe or a much wider area than a strict locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622618729E8FFF2E5AA8FE1D.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622618729E8FFF2E5AA8FE1D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4b2d72db3ce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622618729E8FFF2E5AA8FE1D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus ducalis + +Castelnau, 1840 +: 79 + + +. Available name. + + + + + + + +Type specimens: +Unknown to us, but certainly, the description was based on a syntypic series (rather than a holotype), since +Castelnau (1840) +described sexual dimorphism. + + + + +Type +locality: + +‘ + +Brésil + +’ ( +Castelnau 1840 +). + + + +Nomenclatural history: +To our knowledge, the first author to cite + +P. ducalis + +among the synonyms of + +C. ensifer + +was +Lacordaire (1856) +, who thought this name referred to male of this species; this synonymy was endorsed by all subsequent revisers and cataloguers (e.g., +Nevinson 1892 +; +Gillet 1911 +; +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Pessôa 1934 +; +Blackwelder 1944 +; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +). No +syntypes +of this name were found and, therefore, a +lectotype +designation is not possible at the moment. For more details, see the discussion above on + +P. sylvanus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622718709E8FF99D5EB0F831.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622718709E8FF99D5EB0F831.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7b3b5354bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622718709E8FF99D5EB0F831.xml @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus vicinus + +Martínez, 1944 +: 187 + + +. Available name. + + + + + + + + +Type +specimen: +Holotype +: + +male ( + +BOLIVIA + +/ +Dep. Sta. Cruz +/ +Sta. Cruz de la Sierra +/ +F.Monrós-leg. +/ +Coll. Martínez: +’, ‘ + +Phanaeus (Meg.) + +/ + +vicinus + +/ +♂ +/ +sp. n. +/ A.Martinez-det.19 +44 +’, ‘ +HOLOTIPO +♂ +’, ‘MACN-En / 1545’, ‘ +FICHADO +’), genital capsule and right wing dissected and glued to paper card (wing not illustrated by us), + +MACN + +( +Figure 6 +A–B). + + + +FIGURE 6. (A–B) + +Phanaeus vicinus + +holotype and labels. +(C-D) + +Phanaeus +vicinus +var. +argentinus + +holotype and labels. + + + + + +Type +locality: + +Bolivia +: + + +Santa +Cruz + +de la Sierra + +department. + + + +Nomenclatural history: +In 1944 +Martínez published what he thought to be a new Bolivian species of + +Megaphanaeus + +closely related to + +C. bonariensis + +, which he named + +Phanaeus vicinus + +. Years later, +Martínez & Pereira (1967) +synonymized + +Phanaeus vicinus + +with + +P. bonariensis + +, giving the same confusing explanation that they had given for the synonymy between + +P. lancifer + +and + +P. septentrionalis + +(see section above on + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +): while + +P. argentinus + +would certainly not represent a valid species, it could be proved in the future to be a valid subspecies of + +P. bonariensis + +. In their review of + +Coprophanaeus +, +Edmonds & Zídek (2010) + +endorsed this synonymy without discussing it. + + +Martínez (1944) +stated the +holotype +of + +P. vicinus + +, the only specimen on which his description was based, was deposited in his personal collection, which today is divided in two distinct institutions: Martínez’s +holotypes +and +allotypes +are deposited at the Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, +Buenos Aires +, while +paratypes +and non-type material are housed at the Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, via Henry F. Howden’s collection. The +holotype +of + +P. vicinus + +( +Figure 6 +A) was found by us in +MACN +and its labels’ information are given above. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD6228187A9E8FFB5D5AF7FF3B.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD6228187A9E8FFB5D5AF7FF3B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3cce5723943 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD6228187A9E8FFB5D5AF7FF3B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,489 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +Linné, 1767 +: 544 + + +. + + + + + + + + + +Type +specimen: +Neotype +, here designated, + +(‘ +BRASIL +, +Pará +, +Belém +, +Parque Estadual do Utinga +/ 1˚25'07.2'' S; 48˚25'47.6'' W / +Pitfall +c/ baço + +19-26/I/15 + +/ Col. Silva +et al. +’, ‘ + +NEOTYPE + +♂ +/ + +Scarabaeus + +/ + + +lancifer +Linné 1767 + +/ Maldaner et al. 2017 + +’), + +BMNH +(ex +CEMT +) + +( +Figure 1 +). + + + + + +Type +locality: + +Brazil +: +Pará +, +Belém +, +Parque Estadual do Utinga +, 1˚25'07.2'' S; 48˚25'47.6'' W. + + + +Nomenclatural history: +This name, the oldest that is today used to denote a species of + +Megaphanaeus + +, was described by +Linné (1767) +in the twelfth edition of +Systema Naturae +with a very simple, straightforward description: ‘ + +S. exescutellatus violaceus +, capite cornu angulato, thorace inaequali, elytris sulcatis + +’, with +Brazil +as its place of origin (‘ + +Habitat in +Brasilia + +’). + + + +The +majority of the insect specimens studied by +Linnaeus +are nowadays deposited in two +European +institutions: the +Linnean Society +of +London +, which has been owning +Linnaeus +private collection since 1783, when the society’s founder, the +English +botanist sir +James Edward Smith +( + +1759–1828 + +), purchased it from +Linnaeus +widow and daughter ( + +Walker +1988 + +; + +Gage +& +Stearn +1988 + +), and the +Uppsala +University Museum of +Zoology +, +Sweden +, which gathers material studied by +Linnaeus +while he was +Professor +of +Medicine +and +Botany +at that university and from other collections studied by him (e.g., the ‘ + +Museum Ludovicae Ulricae + +’, +Louisa Ulrika’s +of +Prussia +, queen consort of +Sweden +, private collection of natural history specimens) ( + +Wallin +2001 + +). +Although +we could not find in any of those collections a specimen that could be linked to the description of + +S. lancifer + +( + +Wallin +[2001] + +for +Uppsala +University; MC personal observation at the +LSUK +on the 28th of + +April 2016 + +), we believe that Linnaeus did examine physical specimens of + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +(not only illustrations), since he did not include a cross or dagger after this name, a mark that would indicate he had not seen any preserved or alive specimen of a given species1. However, as the whereabouts of those specimens are unknown to us, we had to rely on two literature references cited by +Linné (1767) +in his description of + +S. lancifer + +to figure out to which dung beetle species he was applying this name. + + + +The first reference cited by Linnaeus was the beetle named ‘ + +Taurus + +’ on page 247 of the second volume of the 1648 +Historia Naturalis Brasiliae +. This part of the book, one of the earliest accounts of the Brazilian natural history, was written by the German naturalist Georg Marcgrave ( +1610–1644 +), who studied first-hand the natural history of the areas occupied in the mid-seventeenth century by the +Dutch republic +in the then Portuguese colony of +Brazil +( +Papavero 1971 +). Among some curiosities about this beetle, +Marcgrave (1648) +said that its ‘body, legs and wings [elytra] have a mixed, bright black, green and gold colouration’ (‘ +Totum autem corpus, crura and alae sunt insignis splendentis coloris, ex nigro, viridi, and aureo mixti +’). Considering this description plus the information that Marcgrave was limited to an area in today’s northeastern +Brazil +( +Papavero, 1971 +), we agree that his description and illustration do not correspond to the species currently known as + +Coprophanaeus lancifer + +, which usually has bright blue and purple colouration and lives in the Amazon forest, but rather to what we know today as + +C. ensifer + +, a species that commonly shows green colour and occurs in the area explored by Marcgrave. + + +The second reference listed by +Linné (1767) +was ‘ + +Lancifer +violaceus + +’, depicted in ‘ +f. I, 2 +’ of the first volume, part 2, of the 1766 +Catalogus Systematicus Coleopterorum +, by the Dutch entomologist Johann Eusebius +Voet. Voet (1766) +described ‘ + +Lancifer +violaceus + +’ on page 36 and 37 of the Latin version of his book (and on pages 39 and 40 of the French version, under the name ‘ +Le bousier phalangiste violet +’, and pages 38 and 39 of the Dutch version as ‘ +violette piekdraager +’) and illustrated it on figure 1 of plate XXIII ( +Figure 2 +A, left); figure 2 on that same plate refers to ‘ + +Copris violaceus major + +’ (‘ +le grand bousier violet +’, or ‘ +groote violette mestkever +’) ( +Figure 2 +A, right), and these images are probably the ones referred to by Linnaeus, even though he had not mentioned any specific plate. As already noted by +d’Olsoufieff (1924) +and +Edmonds & Zídek (2010) +, these figures illustrate clearly what we nowadays call + +Coprophanaeus lancifer +. + +Nonetheless, the place of origin of ‘ + +Lancifer +violaceus + +’, a large male + +C. lancifer + +, was mistakenly reported by Voet as being the +Cape +of Good Hope (‘ +Cap de Bonne-Esperance +’), in +South Africa +; the second ‘species’ described by him, ‘ + +Copris violaceus major + +’, is a female + +C. lancifer + +and had no cited place of origin. As pointed out by +d’Olsoufieff (1924) +and +Edmonds & Zídek (2010) +, +Voet (1766) +presented a third illustration of a + +C. lancifer + +: figure 38 of plate XXVII ( +Figure 2 +B), which is either (following d'Olsoufieff) a ‘chimeric’ specimen made up of the body of a male + +C. lancifer + +and the head of another unidentified scarab beetle, or more probably (in our opinion) a deformed hornless specimen. However, as +Linné (1767) +did not cite this illustration in the description of + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +, this specimen cannot be considered as part of the +type +series. This illustration is also reproduced on Jablonsky & Herbst’s (1789) plate VIII identified as ‘ + +Scarabaeus Hamadrias + +’. + + +As +Linné (1767) +cited the illustrations of both Marcgrave’s and Voet’s books, we should consider the specimens which those illustrations were based on as part of the +type +series of + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +along with the physical specimens that Linnaeus had on hands when he wrote its description (i.e., those illustrations are iconotypes as defined by +Evenhuis, 2008 +; see Article 72.5.6 of the Code). Therefore, as Marcgrave’s and Voet’s illustrations depict two different species (Marcgrave depicts an individual of the species nowadays known as + +C. ensifer + +; Voet depicts the Amazon species of + +Megaphanaeus + +), + +S. lancifer + +type +series is composite and a single specimen should be designated to fix the name to a sole species taxon. As said above, no +syntypes +are known to remain at any of the collections housing Linnaeus +type +specimens. At the same time, no Voet or Macgrave collections are known to exist (their name are not even mentioned by +Horn & Kahle [1936] +and + +Horn +et al +. [1990b] + +, as noted earlier by +Krell [2012] +). Therefore, following Article 75 of the Code, we judge that the best way to fix the name + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +to a single species taxon is to designate a +neotype +for it, what we do herein by choosing a male specimen of the species modernly called as + +Coprophanaeus lancifer + +(sensu +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Edmonds 1972 +; +Arnaud 2002b +; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +) as the new name-bearing +type +of + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +( +Figure 1 +). In accordance to Articles 75.3.2 and 75.3.6, we here designate a specimen from +Brazil +that corresponds 1. See footnote on page 613 of the tenth edition of +Systema Naturae +, where +Linnaeus (1758) +says: ‘ +Signo Crucis ubique notavimus animalia nobis nec viva, nec in museis asservata vise, ut Naturae consulti ad ea attentius examinanda incitentur +’ (‘We have everywhere used the sign of the Cross to mark animals which we have not seen either in the living state or preserved in museums, that so Naturalists may be stimulated to examine them more closely’; translation by +Heller, 1964 +). But it is important to have in mind that it was not always that Linnaeus used the cross with this meaning: in his +Genera Plantarum +( +Linnaeus, 1754 +), for instance, it was the absence of an asterisk or a dagger, and not its presence, the indication that a given species was not examined first-hand by him ( +Moore and Dransfield, 1979 +). + + +morphologically to modern descriptions of + +C. lancifer + +(Arnaud 2002; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +) as the neotype. Although it was originally deposited at the CEMT collection, it is to be deposited in BMNH. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD6228187C9E8FFC685AD1FBA3.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD6228187C9E8FFC685AD1FBA3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6b0c19c6d19 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD6228187C9E8FFC685AD1FBA3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + +Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) +d’Olsoufieff, 1924 + +. + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus (Megaphanaeus) + +d’Olsoufieff, 1924 +: 23 + + +, 75. + + + + + +Type species: + +Scarabaeus lancifer +Linné, 1767 + +, by original designation ( +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +, p. 23). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18789E8FFCA75F79FB95.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18789E8FFCA75F79FB95.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..afb1e452470 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18789E8FFCA75F79FB95.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus miles + +Castelnau, 1840 +: 80 + + +. Available name. + + + + + + + +Type specimen: +Unknown to us. + + +Type locality: +‘ +Cayenne +’ ( +Castelnau, 1840 +). + + +Nomenclatural history: +In the same way as for + +P. heros + +, to our knowledge, the first author to include + +P. miles + +among the synonyms of + +C. lancifer + +was +Lacordaire (1856) +, who considered Castelnau’s description as referring to males specimens of + +C. lancifer + +. This synonymy was followed by all subsequent revisers and cataloguers ( +Nevinson 1892 +; +Gillet 1911 +; +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Pessôa 1934 +; +Blackwelder 1944 +; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +). No +syntypes +were found and, therefore, a +lectotype +designation is not possible at the moment. See the discussion on + +P. sylvanus + +for more details. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18789E8FFE2D5D0DFD24.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18789E8FFE2D5D0DFD24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..801672370cf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18789E8FFE2D5D0DFD24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus heros + +Castelnau, 1840 +: 80 + + +. Available name. + + + + + + + +Type specimen: +Unknown to us. + + +Type locality: +‘ +Cayenne +’ ( +Castelnau, 1840 +). + + +Nomenclatural history: +To our knowledge, this name was first mentioned as a synonym of + +C. lancifer + +by +Lacordaire(1856) +, who cited that as males of this species; this opinion was followed by all subsequent revisers and cataloguers ( +Nevinson, 1892 +; +Gillet, 1911 +; +d’Olsoufieff, 1924 +; +Pessôa, 1934 +; +Blackwelder, 1944 +; +Edmonds & Zídek, 2010 +). No +syntypes +of this name were found by us and, therefore, a +lectotype +designation is not possible at the moment. See the discussion on + +P. sylvanus + +for more details. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18799E8FFB745AA0FDF7.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18799E8FFB745AA0FDF7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..636e1b6246f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622C18799E8FFB745AA0FDF7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,304 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Phanaeus septentrionalis + +Pessôa, 1934 +: 291 + + +. Available name ( +Lectotype +designated). + + + + + + + + + +Type +specimen: +Lectotype +: here designated + +, male (‘ + +Anno + +/ +1922 +/ +Pará +/ + +Belem + +[one side]; + +Lima +/ leg + +. [other side]’ ‘TYPUS’, ‘19396’, ‘ +LECTOTYPE +♂ +/ +Phanaeus septentrionalis +/ +Pessôa, 1934 +/ des. Maldaner +et al. +2017’), genital capsule dissected and glued to a paper card, + +MZSP + +. + + + + + +Paralectotypes +: 1. + +Female +(‘ + +Anno + +/ +1922 +/ +Pará +/ + +Belem + +[one side]; + +Lima +/ leg + +. [other side]’ ‘TYPUS’, ‘19394’, ‘ +PARALECTOTYPE +♀ +/ +Phanaeus septentrionalis +/ +Pessôa, 1934 +/ des. Maldaner +et al. +2017), + +MZSP + + +. + +2. +Female +(‘ + +Anno + +/ +1922 +/ +Pará +/ + +Belem + +[one side]; + +Lima +/ leg + +. [other side]’ ‘TYPUS’, ‘19395’, ‘ +PARALECTOTYPE +♀ +/ +Phanaeus septentrionalis +/ +Pessôa, 1934 +/ des. Maldaner +et al. +2017), + +MZSP + + +. + + + + +Type +locality: + +Brazil +: +Pará +: Belém. + + + +Nomenclatural history: +In his revision of the genus + +Phanaeus +MacLeay, 1819 + +, +Pessôa (1934) +proposed the name + +Phanaeus septentrionalis + +to a supposedly new Amazon species of the subgenus + +Megaphanaeus + +. His description was based on what he believed to be five female specimens deposited at the +MZSP +(then called ‘Museu Paulista’) collected by ‘Mr. Lima’ in the city of Belém, capital of the Brazilian state of +Pará +. This species was mentioned as being closely related to both + +Phanaeus lancifer + +and + +P. bonariensis + +, but +Pessôa (1934) +listed some characters (such as overall size and shape of female pronotal carina) that he believed to be sufficient to differentiate these three taxa. In the following year, +Lane & Camargo-Andrade (1935) +dissected Pessôa’s +type +series and found that one of the +syntypes +was actually a male. Three decades later, +Martínez & Pereira (1967) +gave a confused judgement about the validity of + +P. septentrionalis + +: while they clearly established the synonymy between this name and + +P. lancifer + +by writing that ‘there is no morphological characteristic apart from the sexual ones in males and the reduction in the size of the body and of the cephalic and pronotal armature in both sexes that separates +septententionalis +from + +lancifer + +’ (our translation), they also wrote that + +septentrionalis + +probably represented a subspecies of + +P. lancifer + +since ‘populations studied by us of both supposed species were never found together’ (our translation). +Martínez & Pereira (1967) +referred to specimens collected in +Bolivia +as an example of a population of + +P. lancifer + +that would ‘correspond to the form + +septentrionalis + +’. Finally, +Edmonds & Zídek (2010) +argued that the features used by +Pessôa (1934) +and +Martínez & Pereira (1967) +to support their hypotheses for the existence of a separated species or subspecies were actually intrapopulational variations of a single species, + +Coprophanaeus lancifer + +. + + +Edmonds & Zídek (2010) +stated that the name-bearing type of + +P. septentrionalis + +was a female holotype deposited at the MZSP. However, +Pessôa (1934) +never indicated one of his specimens as the name-bearing type; so no holotype was designated. All five specimens are syntypes and equally eligible to become the lectotype. Here, we choose the only male syntype to be designated as the lectotype. As for the female syntypes (now paralectotypes), only two were found by us at the MZSP; the whereabouts of the other two specimens are unknown. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622D18769E8FFD0B5F57FE1A.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622D18769E8FFD0B5F57FE1A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0cdedc0c0c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622D18769E8FFD0B5F57FE1A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,343 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Scarabaeus bellicosus + +Olivier, 1789 +: 103 + + +. + + + + + + + +Type specimen: Lectotype: +designated by +Staig (1931, p. 53) +, male (‘10’, ‘139175’, ‘ + +Scarabaeus bellicosus Oliv. + +/ + +Phanaeus bellicosus Oliv. + +/ Type’, ‘Type’), +HMUG +. + + +Type locality: +Brazilian Atlantic Forest (see comments below). + + +Nomenclatural history: +In 1789, Olivier proposed the new species + +Scarabaeus bellicosus + +stating that it was very similar to the ‘ +Scarabé porte-lance +’ (i.e., + +S. lancifer +Linné, 1767 + +), but smaller (‘ +mais il est plus petit +’). The +type +locality cited by him was ‘ +Cayenne +’, in today’s + +French Guiana + +, and the material upon which he based his description was deposited in the collection of Scottish anatomist and physician William Hunter ( +1718–1783 +) (‘ +Du Cabinet de feu M. Hunter +’). Hunter bequeathed his zoological and geological collections and library to the University of +Glasgow +, where they arrived in 1807 and formed the base for the foundation of the Zoology Museum ( +Staig 1931 +), part of the today’s Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery. In his study of the Hunterian Insect Collection, +Staig (1931) +writes about + +S. bellicosus + +: + + +‘The +type +of this species is noted in the card-index of Dr Hunter’s Collection as missing; but in Cabinet E, drawer 32, there is a specimen (not labelled) which answers the description given by Olivier and which resembles his figure. It also closely matches the modern examples of this species […] and evidently it is the Olivier type’ ( +Staig 1931, p. 53 +). + + +At the museum’s online catalogue, we found a photograph of that specimen (catalogue number: 139175) and it is labelled (probably by Staig himself) as the ‘type’ of + +S. bellicosus + +. We agree that this specimen perfectly matches Olivier’s description and illustration ( +Figure 3 +A) and, therefore, we conclude it is indeed a +type +specimen of this name. The kind of typification (i.e., whether this specimen is a +holotype +or a +syntype +), however, is not as clear: Olivier’s description refers to a single male specimen, since he did not indicate any sexual dimorphism or variation among different specimens nor cited more than one place in the +type +locality. Based on these facts, one could believe that he examined only one individual for his description and, hence, this single specimen would be the +holotype +of + +S. bellicosus + +. Nonetheless, Recommendation 73F of the Code states: + + +‘Where no +holotype +or +syntype +was fixed for a nominal species-group taxon established before 2000, and +when it is possible +that the nominal species-group taxon was based on more than one specimen, an author should proceed as though +syntypes +may exist and, where appropriate, should designate a +lectotype +rather than assume a holotype’ ( +ICZN +, 1999, p. 80; bold by us). + + + + +Because +Olivier + +(1789) did not explicitly cite the number of individuals he had examined, it is impossible to guarantee whether the +Glasgow +specimen is the +holotype +of + +S. bellicosus + +or one of the +syntypes + +. + +Therefore +, we should follow +Code’s +recommendation and assume the +Glasgow +specimen was originally part of a syntypic series rather than considering it as the sole specimen upon which +Olivier +based his description. +However +, no +lectotype +designation is needed: when +Staig (1931) +described and illustrated ( +Figure 3 +B) that specimen as ‘the type’ of + +S. bellicosus + +, he unintentionally designated it as the +lectotype +of this name according to Article 74.6 of the Code. + + + + +The +type +locality cited by + +Olivier +(1789 + +, +1790 +), + +‘ +Cayenne’ + +is clearly wrong, since + +Coprophanaeus bellicosus + +does not occur in +French Guiana +nor in any other place in the +Amazon forest +, but rather solely along the +Atlantic Forest +of the +Brazilian +coast ( +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +; +Silva 2011 +). +The +only species of + +Megaphanaeus + +present in the +Guiana Shield +is + +C. lancifer + +, and +Olivier +certainly was not referring to this species when he described + +S. bellicosus + +given his description, illustration and comments. +We +do not know what was the origin for this error, but + +Hope +(1838) + +, who revised the scarab species described by + +Olivier +(1789) + +, cited several cases of wrong +type +localities given by the latter author (see also, for example, + +Cupello +et al +.’s [2016] + +discussion on the +type +locality of + +Chalcocopris hesperus +(Olivier, 1789)) + +. +To +our knowledge, the first author to cite the correct distribution of + +C. bellicosus + +was + +MacLeay +(1819) + +, who mentioned ‘ + +Habitat +in +Brasilia + +’ for this species. +Here +, following +Recommendation +76A.2 of the +Code +, we correct the +type +locality of + +C. bellicosus + +from ‘ + +Cayenne + +’ to the +Brazilian Atlantic Forest +, the most accurate location possible to indicate without knowing the particular history of the +lectotype + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622F18789E8FFF2E5B1CFEAF.xml b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622F18789E8FFF2E5B1CFEAF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..da38c5bcc92 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/87/163B87AD622F18789E8FFF2E5B1CFEAF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,277 @@ + + + +Type specimens and names assigned to Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) d’Olsoufieff, 1924, the largest New World dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Phanaeini) + + + +Author + +Maldaner, Maria E. + + + +Author + +Cupello, Mario + + + +Author + +Ferreira, Daniela C. + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4272 + + +1 + + +83 +102 + + + +journal article +32970 +10.11646/zootaxa.4272.1.4 +cb7585af-33bc-4b5e-a748-cbba9d080a34 +1175-5326 +583381 +EC7977C6-AA05-4727-8122-F53F8D66F6DD + + + + + + + + +Scarabaeus satelles + +Lichtenstein, 1796 +: 5 + + +. Unavailable name. + + + + + + +Nomenclatural history: +The name + +Scarabaeus satelles + +was proposed in a catalogue of specimens to be sold at auctions titled + +Catalogus musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi, d III + +Februar 1796 + + +( + +Lichtenstein +1796 + +). +On +page 5, + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +appears as the forty-seventh species in +Lichtenstein’s +list and is followed by the description of a beetle named by him as ‘ + +Scar. +satelles +; nobis + +’, from ‘ + +America +austr. + +’ ( +South America +), which +Lichtenstein +thought was a ‘mere variety’ of + +S. lancifer + +(‘ + +Vix mera varietas +Sc. + +lanciferi’). +As +a literature reference to this name, + +Lichtenstein +(1796) + +cited figure 1 of plate 23 of +Voet’s +(1766) book ( + +Figure +2 + +A, left), one of the illustrations listed by + +Linné +(1767) + +in his description of + +S. lancifer + +; figure 2 of the same plate ( + +Figure +2 + +A. right), also mentioned by +Linnaeus +, was identified by +Lichtenstein +as + +S. lancifer + +. +In +his description of + +S. satelles +, Lichtenstein + +also referred to an illustration on plate XV of +Jablonsky +& +Herbst’s +(1789) book + +Natursystem +aller bekannten in- und ausländischen +Insekten + +2, which is an exact reproduction of +Voet’s +(1766) figure 1 3. +So +, at least in part, the +type +series of + +S. satelles + +was mixed with that of + +S. lancifer + +, hence both names could potentially be considered as objective synonyms. Indeed, they were eventually synonymized by +Harold (1870) +(not +Nevinson [1892] +, as stated by +Edmonds & Zídek [2010] +) and so remained in all revisions and catalogues published so far (e.g., +Gillet 1911 +; +d’Olsoufieff 1924 +; +Blackwelder 1944 +; +Edmonds & Zídek 2010 +). + + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Scarabaeus lancifer + +figures mentioned by Linné (1767). +(A) +Voet’s (1766) figure 1 and 2 of plate XXIII. +(B) +Voet’s (1766) figure 38 of plate XXVII. +(C) +Marcgrave’s (1648) figure of ‘Taurus’. + + + + +Nonetheless + +S. satelles + +is not an available name, having been suppressed through Opinion 1820 of the ICZN (1995). Although +Lichtenstein (1796) +presented a brief description for + +S. satelles + +that satisfies the provisions of the Code, the ICZN (1995) used its plenary powers to suppress Lichtenstein’s (1796) catalogue (as well as its reprint from 1797) for nomenclatural purposes following a request by +Kerzhner (1994) +. Kerzhner’s main argument was that Lichtenstein’s work was overlooked by most of the nineteenth-century zoologists and, therefore, the eventual 2. See +Bousquet (2016) +for dates and authorship of this work, which is sometimes erroneously cited as being authored by Herbst only. + + + +3. Germar (1821) also stated that Voet’s figure 1 represented ‘ + +Copris satelles + +’, a species that, following Voet (1766), he believed to be from Africa (‘ +Ƒoets Figure 1 dürfte eine von +C. ensifer +und +C. lancifer +gleichmässig verschiedene africanische Art vorstellen, welcher der Name + +C. satelles +Lichtenst. + +(vergl. Illig. Ausg. von Oliv.) bleiben kann +’). + + + +discovery that some of the names proposed in that book were senior synonyms of names widely used as valid by modern authors would have caused unnecessary instability. By its decision, the ICZN (1995) decided to suppress the new names proposed by +Lichtenstein (1796) +with the exception of 23 names especially requested by +Kerzhner (1994) +; + +Scarabaeus satelles + +was not among those exceptions and therefore it must be considered as unavailable by having been published in a work suppressed by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/C8/163BC8AFA136ECC6EEADF5DCB399503C.xml b/data/16/3B/C8/163BC8AFA136ECC6EEADF5DCB399503C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c701d4a9a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/C8/163BC8AFA136ECC6EEADF5DCB399503C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Esox hepsetus +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +E. linea laterali argentea. + +Amoen. acad. +1. +p. +321. Argentina pinna dorsali pinnae ani opposita. @/D. 14. P. 12. V. 6. A. 15. C. 14. + + +Marcgr. bras. +159. Piquitinga. + + +Brown. jam. +441. +t. +45. +f. +3. Menidia corpore subpellucido, linea laterali latiori argentea. + + + + +Habitat in +America. + + + + +Diversus ab Hepseto Atherinae pinna dorsi unica, +& +maxilla superiore +& +c. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3B/D9/163BD98C5F9F9FCB07341498FB5EE1C2.xml b/data/16/3B/D9/163BD98C5F9F9FCB07341498FB5EE1C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f98858418e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3B/D9/163BD98C5F9F9FCB07341498FB5EE1C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828--8013 + + + + +Closterocerus turcicus (Nees, 1834) + + + + +Eulophus turcicus +Nees, 1834 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/2C/163C2C30006EFF8DFF35F80F3F6A0423.xml b/data/16/3C/2C/163C2C30006EFF8DFF35F80F3F6A0423.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d7219871bcc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/2C/163C2C30006EFF8DFF35F80F3F6A0423.xml @@ -0,0 +1,827 @@ + + + +Description of a new species of crested newt, previously subsumed in Triturus ivanbureschi (Amphibia: Caudata: Salamandridae) + + + +Author + +Wielstra, B. + + + +Author + +Arntzen, J. W. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4109 + + +1 + + +73 +80 + + + +journal article +39130 +10.11646/zootaxa.4109.1.6 +6875db92-ff8d-4e6e-9289-eab37f2e6061 +1175-5326 +260655 +E2CABF95-7527-42BD-B895-CD5A2B5F7CD1 + + + + + + + +Triturus anatolicus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +material. +Holotype +. + +RMNH +. +RENA +.48232, an adult male ( +Fig. 3 +) from Gölköy, near Kalecik, +Turkey +(coordinates: +40.077°N +, +33.341°E +, elevation: +1230 meter +a.s.l.; +Fig. 4 +), collected +6 April 2014 +and donated to Naturalis Biodiversity Center by Kurtuluş Olgun from the Department of Biology at Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, +Turkey +. + +Paratypes +. + +Six males ( +RMNH +. +RENA +.48233-48238), six females ( +RMNH +. +RENA +.48239-48245), and a juvenile ( +RMNH +. +RENA +.48246), with collection details identical to the +holotype +. For imagery, see +Fig. 3 +and online Appendix 1 and 2. + + + + +FIGURE 2. +Genetic data for + + +Triturus ivanbureschi +sensu + +lato + +presented in Wielstra +et al. +(submitted) illustrate the sharp geographical overturn between the genotypes representing its two constituent species. Panel (a) shows the 67 sampled populations as dots with the colored background representing a rough distribution outline of the two species based on nuclear DNA. Populations are colored according to the mtDNA type present; western populations of + +Triturus anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +possess mtDNA of + + +Triturus ivanbureschi +sensu + +stricto + +. Those populations harboring individuals showing introgression and genetically admixed individuals based on nuclear DNA (as defined below) are highlighted. Panel (b) shows a Structure plot representing +Q +scores with which the 428 sampled individuals were allocated to two different species ( +k += 2 was the optimal number of gene pools inferred in the Structure analysis). The individuals are ordered based on the +Q +score with which they are allocated to + + +T. ivanbureschi +sensu + +stricto + +, from high to low values. Individuals allocated to their respective species with +Q +≥ 0.987 are considered genetically pure. Individuals showing introgression are defined as being allocated to a species with 0.987> +Q +> 0.85 and genetically admixed individuals as being allocated to either species with +Q +≤ 0.85. Those individuals that are not genetically pure are highlighted in panel (b). Note that nuclear introgression is geographically asymmetric. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The new species is assigned to the genus + +Triturus + +because it possesses the characteristics of crested newts (the + +T. cristatus + +superspecies), in particular the combination of a denticulated crest (in males in breeding costume), a dark brown dorsal coloration and an orange ventral side covered with black spots. Based on mtDNA sequence data, crested newts from the +type +locality are firmly placed in the genus + +Triturus + +, within the distinct ‘central + + +T. karelinii +sensu + +lato + +’ mtDNA lineage (Wielstra +et al. +, 2010). Although identification based on mtDNA is possible across the majority of the range of the new species, mtDNA derived from + +T. ivanbureschi + +has introgressed at the western part of the range (Wielstra +et al. +, submitted; +Fig. 2 +). The pattern of asymmetric introgression is mirrored by certain individual nuclear DNA markers and we consider this to represent a genomic footprint of hybrid zone movement (Wielstra +et al. +, submitted; +Fig. 2 +). +As +yet only multilocus nuclear DNA sequence data distinguish + +T. anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +unambiguously from + +T. ivanbureschi + +– and from + +T. karelinii + +, with which both + +T. anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +and + +T. ivanbureschi + +were until recently considered conspecific (Wielstra +et al. +, submitted). No morphological features are currently known to distinguish the three species comprising + + +T. karelinii +sensu + +lato + +. How to separate + +T. anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +, + +T. ivanbureschi + +and + +T. karelinii + +from the other crested newt species is discussed in + +Wielstra +et al. +(2013b) + +. + + + + + +Description of +holotype +. + +A relatively robust crested newt, with a broad head (wider than neck) and well developed limbs. Four fingers and five toes. Toes fringed but interdigital webbing absent. Relative length of fingers left 1 <4 <2 <3, right 4 <1 <3 <2 (3 and 4 possibly regenerated). Relative length of toes on both sides 1 <5 <2 <4 <3. Skin granulated on dorsal and lateral sides, tail base and throat; tail and venter smooth. Gular fold inconspicuous. Swollen cloaca with papillae bordering cloacal slit. Denticulated crest, indented over the position of the legs and cloaca. Laterally compressed tail with evident dorsal fin and less conspicuous ventral fin. In life a brownish-blackish base color on the dorsolateral side, with scattered black flecks, most pronounced and marbled on the head. Bluish-white streak along the lateral side of the tail along the caudal vertebrae. A deep-orange ventral side and throat, dotted with small angular black spots; throat spots smaller and denser than belly spots. In the preserved state colors have slightly faded (see online Appendix 1). + + + +TABLE 1. +Number of rib-bearing pre-sacral vertebrae and measurements (in millimeters) for the holotype and paratypes of + +Triturus anatolicus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Museum numberSexMaterialNRBVSVL1SVL2TLILD
RMNH.RENA.48232maleholotype13536110827
RMNH.RENA.48233maleparatype13637112634
RMNH.RENA.48234maleparatype12536011029
RMNH.RENA.48235maleparatype13536110926
RMNH.RENA.48236maleparatype13505810027
RMNH.RENA.48237maleparatype13566411530
RMNH.RENA.48238maleparatype13536011029
RMNH.RENA.48239femaleparatype13576211831
RMNH.RENA.48240femaleparatype13626813332
RMNH.RENA.48241femaleparatype13586312233
RMNH.RENA.48242femaleparatype13586212330
RMNH.RENA.48243femaleparatype136267117 **33
RMNH.RENA.48244femaleparatype13657013136
RMNH.RENA.48245femaleparatype13566011131
RMNH.RENA.48246juvenileparatype13515510229
+ + +continued. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Museum numberSexMaterialHLHWArmFinger3LegToe4
RMNH.RENA.48232maleholotype16.210.618.75.6 *22.19.5
RMNH.RENA.48233maleparatype18.412.026.910.426.611.6
RMNH.RENA.48234maleparatype16.511.522.78.625.910.4
RMNH.RENA.48235maleparatype16.311.222.07.922.98.8
RMNH.RENA.48236maleparatype15.510.720.27.721.38.6
RMNH.RENA.48237maleparatype16.711.919.15.523.79.3
RMNH.RENA.48238maleparatype16.611.520.87.822.89.4
RMNH.RENA.48239femaleparatype16.811.221.56.821.98.1
RMNH.RENA.48240femaleparatype18.513.023.68.924.19.5
RMNH.RENA.48241femaleparatype17.211.520.87.922.27.8
RMNH.RENA.48242femaleparatype17.111.420.97.821.18.1
RMNH.RENA.48243femaleparatype18.613.323.49.022.97.1
RMNH.RENA.48244femaleparatype18.713.524.49.523.08.6
RMNH.RENA.48245femaleparatype16.111.020.77.222.68.0
RMNH.RENA.48246juvenileparatype15.210.317.66.618.66.7
+ + + +Abbreviations used are: +NRBV += Number of rib-bearing pre-sacral vertebrae; SVL1 = Snout-vent length up to and including the insertion of the hind-legs; SVL2 = Snout-vent length up to and including the cloaca; TL = Total length; ILD = Inter-limb distance; HL = Head length; HW = Head width; Arm = Length of the right arm including the third finger; Finger3 = Length of the right third finger; Leg = Length of the right leg including the fourth toe; Toe4 = Length of the right fourth toe. * Finger c3/4 regenerated; ** Deformed tail tip. + + + + +FIGURE 3. +The holotype and one of the paratypes of + +Triturus anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +in life. Lateral (a) and ventral (b) view of a male (below, holotype, RMNH.RENA.48232) and a female (above, paratype, RMNH.RENA.48239). + + + + +FIGURE 4. +The type locality of + +Triturus anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +at Gölköy, Turkey. + + +The number of rib-bearing pre-sacral vertebrae (NRBV) is 13, as determined from X-ray photographs (see online Appendix 2). The following measurements are in millimeters and have been determined with plastic Vernier calipers. Snout-vent length up to and including the hind-legs 53; Snout-vent length up to and including the cloaca 61; Total length 108; Inter-limb distance 27; Head length 16.2; Head width 10.6; Length of the right arm including the third finger 18.7; Length of the right third finger 5.6; Length of the right leg including the fourth toe 22.1; Length of the right fourth toe 9.5. + + +Description of +paratypes +. + +The morphology of the +paratypes +resembles that of the +holotype +in general, but the pattern of black spots on the ventral side is highly variable among individuals (online Appendix 1). Compared to males (such as the +holotype +), adult females have non-swollen cloacae, lack the denticulated crest and possess a less pronounced tail fin. All +paratypes +have an NRBV count of 13 except one, which has an NRBV count of 12 ( +Table 1 +; online Appendix 2). In +Table 1 +the same measurements as taken for the +holotype +are provided for the +paratypes +. + + + + +Distribution. +The distribution encompasses Asiatic +Turkey +south of the Black Sea, reaching up to c. 200 kilometers inland (usually less), but not into inner +Anatolia +. To the west the new species reaches the Bosphorus at the northern side of the Marmara Sea. On the southern side of the Marmara Sea it meets + + +T. ivanbureschi +sensu + +stricto + +, east of Lake Ulubat and west of the city of Bursa. The two species form a hybrid zone here (Wielstra +et al. +, submitted). To the east the new species reaches the town of Yomra, just east of the city of Trabzon. The nearest known + +Triturus + +localities further east are from the extreme NE of +Turkey +, over +150 km +away, and probably concern + + +T. karelinii +sensu + +stricto + +( + +Wielstra +et al. +, 2013a + +). An outline of the distribution of the new species is provided in +Fig. 1 +. A database of distribution records is provided in + +Wielstra +et al. +(2014b) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet reflects the distribution of the new + +Triturus + +species. + +Triturus anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +is endemic to +Anatolia +. It is the only + +Triturus + +species to which this applies. It should be noted that the range of + + +T. ivanbureschi +sensu + +stricto + +covers western +Anatolia +( + +Wielstra +et al. +, 2013a + +; Wielstra +et al. +, submitted) and the range of + + +T. karelinii +sensu + +stricto + +probably protrudes into northeastern +Anatolia +(Wielstra +et al. +, 2010). + + +Proposed vernacular name. +We propose to use the vernacular name Anatolian Crested Newt for + +T. anatolicus + + +sp. nov. + +This name highlights its status as an Anatolian endemic. We suggest to use the vernacular name Balkan Crested Newt for + + +T. ivanbureschi +sensu + +stricto + +(rather than Balkan-Anatolian Crested Newt previously applied to + + +T. ivanbureschi +sensu + +lato + +). Although + + +T. ivanbureschi +sensu + +stricto + +also partially occurs in +Anatolia +, the main part of its range is in the Balkan Peninsula. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/2E/163C2E5109E6E23CDF5FBE1E66FB87F0.xml b/data/16/3C/2E/163C2E5109E6E23CDF5FBE1E66FB87F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c94bf0db264 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/2E/163C2E5109E6E23CDF5FBE1E66FB87F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe + +Agrypnini +Candeze +, 1857 + +nomen protectum + + + + +Adeloceraeidae +Gistel, 1848: [5] [stem: Adelocer-]. Type genus: +Adelocera +Latreille, 1829. Comment: nomen oblitum (see Appendix 1); incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + +Pangauradae +Gistel, 1856a: 366 [stem: Pangaur-]. Type genus: +Pangaura +Gistel, 1856 [syn. of +Lacon +Laporte, 1838]. Comment: nomen oblitum (see Appendix 1); incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + +Agrypnides +Candeze +, 1857: 17 [stem: Agrypn-]. Type genus: +Agrypnus +Eschscholtz, 1829. Comment: published before 29 June 1857; nomen protectum (see Appendix 1); original vernacular name available (Art. 11.7.2): first used in latinized form by Kiesenwetter (1858: 230, as +Agrypnini +), generally accepted as in Lawrence and Newton (1995: 854, as +Agrypninae +); this family-group name was also proposed in the same year by Lacordaire (1857 [before 25 May]: 138, as +Agrypnides +) (see +Bibliographic notes +in Introduction). + + +*Octocryptites +Candeze +, 1892: 486 [stem: Octocrypt-]. Type genus: +Octocryptus +Candeze +, 1892. Comment: original vernacular name unavailable (Art. 11.7.2): subsequently used in latinized form but not generally attributed to +Candeze +(1892). + + +Adelocerini +Buysson, 1893: 15 [stem: Adelocer-]. Type genus: +Adelocera +Latreille, 1829. Comment: family-group name proposed as new without reference to +Adeloceridae +Gistel, 1848. + + + +Octocryptini + +Schwarz, 1906: 31 [stem: Octocrypt-]. Type genus: +Octocryptus +Candeze +, 1892. + + +Cavicoxumidae +Pic, 1928: 21 [stem: Cavicox-]. Type genus: +Cavicoxum +Pic, 1928 [syn. of +Agraeus +Candeze +, 1857]. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + +Laconini +Dajoz, 1964: 60 [stem: Lacon-]. Type genus: +Lacon +Laporte, 1838. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/34/163C340578CF5253AE1CD11FF1ADED71.xml b/data/16/3C/34/163C340578CF5253AE1CD11FF1ADED71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..acc60ff8b81 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/34/163C340578CF5253AE1CD11FF1ADED71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +The Fucales (Ochrophyta, Phaeophyceae) of the Island of Pantelleria (Sicily Channel, Mediterranean Sea): a new contribution + + + +Author + +Marletta, Giuliana +Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche 60131 Ancona, Italy +g.marletta@univpm.it + + + +Author + +Lombardo, Andrea +Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy + +text + + +Italian Botanist + + +2023 + +2023-06-15 + + +15 + + +137 +163 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.15.103217 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.15.103217 +2531-4033-15-137 +A0ED26AE219752299C11A734C6D0F79E + + + + + +Cystoseira pustulata (Ercegovic) Neiva & +Serrao + + + + + +Fig. 5A-C + + + + +Cystoseira abrotanifolia subsp. pustulata +Ercegovic. Basionym. + + +Cystoseira compressa subsp. pustulata +(Ercegovic) Verlaque. Synonym. + + + +Morphology of specimens from Pantelleria. + + +C. pustulata + +is a caespitose species, attached to the substrate with a small discoid holdfast. It has smooth apices, and cylindrical, thin and short axes. Primary branches are compressed, almost at the base, while higher order branches are cylindrical and always slender. This species bears protruding cryptostomata, which give it a pustulate habit. During the monitoring, this species was found fertile. The receptacles were borne in the terminal portions of the branches, fusiform in shape, isolated or rarely bifurcated. + + + +Habitat. +This species was found at Punta Spadillo, Cala Tramontana, Cala Levante, Martingana and Kuddie Rosse. It was detected during both snorkelling surveys and scuba dives, from the upper to the middle infralittoral (from 1 to 12 m depth). + + +Distribution. + +According to +Neiva et al. (2022) +, who recently elevated it to species rank, + +C. pustulata + +is distributed in the Azores, Canary Islands, Spain, Italy, Malta and Greece. + + + +Remarks. + +Some authors previously considered this species conspecific with + +C. humilis + +Schousboe ex +Kuetzing +. However, +Neiva et al. (2022) +demonstrated that + +C. pustulata + +is an independent species and reported it for Pantelleria. Therefore, we believe that the past records of + +C. humilis + +by +Giaccone et al. (1972) +and +Alongi et al. (2004) +might actually refer to this new taxon. + + + +Figure 5. + +Cystoseira pustulata + +A, B +habit +C +detail of receptacles. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/4C/163C4CF98B96C517C1476BF3F5FE8BFE.xml b/data/16/3C/4C/163C4CF98B96C517C1476BF3F5FE8BFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cd67474d1b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/4C/163C4CF98B96C517C1476BF3F5FE8BFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +A taxonomic review of the Neoserica (sensu lato) abnormis group (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini) + + + +Author + +Ahrens, Dirk + + + +Author + +Liu, Wan-Gang + + + +Author + +Fabrizi, Silvia + + + +Author + +Bai, Ming + + + +Author + +Yang, Xing-Ke + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +439 + + +27 +82 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.439.8055 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.439.8055 +1313-2970-439-27 +01A0168A69354FBF86BF7450234F0A2C + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Coleoptera Scarabaeidae + + + + +Neoserica (s. l.) lamellosa +sp. n. +Figs 4 +I-L +, 9 + + + + +Type +material examined. + + +Holotype: ♂ "N-Vietnam Tam Dao, Vinh Phu Prov. +21°27'18"N +, +105°38'58"E +1050-1200m 2.-6.VI.1999 leg. Fabrizi, +Jaeger +, Ahrens" (ZFMK). Paratypes: 1 ♀ "N-Vietnam Tam Dao, Vinh Phu Prov. +21°27'18"N +, +105°38'58"E +1050-1200m 2.-6.VI.1999 leg. Fabrizi, +Jaeger +, Ahrens" (ZFMK), 1 ♂ "Vietnam N. 15.5.-16.6. 75 km NW from Hanoi Tam Dao E. Jendek leg." (CA), 1 ♂ "N. Vietnam/ Tonkin/ Tamdao/ pr. Vinhphu/ 2.-11.6.1985 Vit +Kubaň +leg./ VS 50" (CPPB). + + + +Description. +Body length: 10.6 mm, length of elytra: 7.8 mm, width: 6.1 mm. Body oblong, dark brown, antennal club yellowish brown, anterior labroclypeus shiny, dorsal surface dull, opaque toment on elytra and pronotum less thick, with a light trace of shine, sparsely setose. +Labroclypeus slightly subrectangular, distinctly wider than long, widest at base, lateral margins nearly straight and weakly convergent anteriorly, anterior angles strongly rounded, anterior margin weakly sinuate medially, margins moderately reflexed; surface convexly elevated at middle and shiny, basis with dull toment, punctation moderately dense, anteriorly more sparse, behind the anterior margin with coarse punctures each bearing a long erect seta; frontoclypeal suture distinctly incised, flat and distinctly curved medially; smooth area anterior to eye approximately 1.5 times as wide as long; ocular canthus moderately wide and long (length = 1/3 of ocular diameter), glabrous, with a fine terminal seta. Frons dull, with fine and dense punctures, beside the eyes a with a few erect setae. Eyes small, ratio diameter/interocular width: 0.48. Antenna with ten antennomeres, club with seven antennomeres, straight, nearly twice as long as remaining antennomeres combined; antennomere 5 equal to length of club, antennomere 4 subequal to three quarter of length of club, antennomere 3 half as long as pedicellus. Mentum elevated and slightly flattened anteriorly. Labrum distinctly produced medially, with a moderate median sinuation. +Pronotum moderately transverse, subtrapezoidal, widest at base, lateral margins evenly convex and convergent anteriorly, anterior angles sharp and distinctly produced, posterior angles blunt, strongly rounded at the tip; anterior margin nearly straight, with a fine and complete marginal line; surface densely and finely punctate with minute setae in punctures; setae of lateral border sparse; hypomeron basally distinctly carinate, but carina only weakly produced. Scutellum long, triangular with nearly straight sides, apex slightly rounded, with fine, dense punctures, with only minute setae. + +Elytra oblong, widest shortly behind the middle, striae weakly impressed, finely and moderately densely punctate, odd intervals distinctly convex with punctures concentrated along the striae, others evenly punctate and nearly flat, odd intervals with white scale-like, adpressed setae, otherwise only with very minute setae in punctures; epipleural edge fine, very narrow behind the middle, ending at the moderately rounded external apical angle of elytra, epipleura densely setose, apical border chitinous, with nearly invisible fringe of microtrichomes (visible at 100 +x +magnification). + +Ventral surface dull, coarsely and densely punctate, metasternum sparsely covered with setae on the disc, glabrous on sides; metacoxa glabrous, with a few short setae laterally, posterior margin weakly convex; abdominal sternites finely and unevenly densely punctuate, nearly glabrous, with a transverse row of coarse punctures, each bearing a robust short seta. Mesosternum between mesocoxae half as wide as slender mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.77. Pygidium weakly convex and dull, densely punctate, fine punctures mixed with coarser ones, with a narrow smooth midline, nearly glabrous, only with minute setae in punctures. +Legs slender; femora with two longitudinal rows of setae, finely and sparsely punctate between the rows; metafemur dull, anterior margin acute, behind anterior edge without serrated line, setae of anterior longitudinal row nearly completely lacking, posterior margin in apical half ventrally smooth and slightly widened, posterior margin dorsally distinctly serrated, on its basal portion with a few short setae. Metatibia moderately slender and long, widest at apex, ratio of width/length: 1/3.7, sharply carinate dorsally, with two groups of spines, basal group just before the middle, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length, basally with a few robust but single setae; lateral face longitudinally convex, very finely, superficially and sparsely punctate, subdorsal longitudinal carina on lateral face present on about two third of metatibial length; ventral edge finely serrated, with three robust equidistant setae; medial face smooth, apex moderately concavely sinuate interiorly near tarsal articulation. Tarsomeres ventrally with sparse, short setae, laterally not carinate, protarsomeres smooth, meso- and metatarsomeres with a few very fine punctures; metatarsomeres ventrally glabrous, with a strongly serrated ridge ventrally and a sharp subventral carina immediately beside it, first metatarsomere as long as following two tarsomeres combined and slightly longer than dorsal tibial spur. Protibia long, bidentate; anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw sharply truncate at apex. + +Aedeagus: Fig. 4 +I-K +. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Neoserica lamellosa +sp. n. differs from +Neoserica cardamomensis +and +Neoserica namthaensis +in the slightly longer antennal club and the shape of parameres being not subdivided into separate lobes but being robust and compact. + + + +Variation. +Body length: 10.25-13.6 mm, length of elytra: 7.8-9.6 mm, width: 6.1-7.1 mm. Female: Antennal club composed of four antennomeres, as long as remaining antennomeres combined; pygidium less convex. + + +Etymology. + +The new species is named +"lamellosa" +with reference to its antennal club in males composed of many (seven) lamellae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/4D/163C4DAF87F1452B24FB4A26BB271978.xml b/data/16/3C/4D/163C4DAF87F1452B24FB4A26BB271978.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..67ce5480890 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/4D/163C4DAF87F1452B24FB4A26BB271978.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + +Acromegalomma vesiculosum (Montagu, 1813) + + + + +Branchiomma vesiculosum +(Montagu, 1813) | +Megalomma vesiculosum +(Montagu, 1813) + + + +Notes + +Questionable status. +Giangrande and Licciano (2008) +re-examined several specimens previously identified as +Megalomma vesiculosum +from the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Sea and Mediterranean Spain and found all of them to belong to +Megalomma lanigera +(Grube, 1846) (now +Acromegalomma lanigerum +, see +Gil and Nishi 2017 +). They conclude that +Megalomma vesiculosum +is absent from the Mediterranean and that all Mediterranean material of +Megalomma vesiculosum +should be assigned to +Megalomma lanigera +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/51/163C511C224F2F33E8CFAC057B0EAF11.xml b/data/16/3C/51/163C511C224F2F33E8CFAC057B0EAF11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8c5ad50c714 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/51/163C511C224F2F33E8CFAC057B0EAF11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ + + + +Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus. + + + +Author + +Wilson, E. O. + +text + +2003 +Harvard University Press + +Cambridge, MA + + + +http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=20017 + +book +20017 + + + + +Pheidole tisiphone Wheeler + + + + +Pheidole tisiphone Wheeler +191 lk: 203. Combination inpheidole ( +Elasmopheidole +) by Emery 1915g: 190. + + + +types Nat. Mus. Nat. Hist. U. S. + + +etymology Tisiphone, Avenger of Murders, one of the Furies of Greek mythology. + + + +Diagnosis A large member of the +scrobifera +group, with a bizarre major instantly recognizable by shield-shaped head in full-face view, with the frontal lobes expanded laterally to touch the lateral margins of the head at the level of the eyes and behind it and extended anteriorly almost to touch the anterior clypeal border; by the very dense, long hairs covering the entire head, with those around the region of the eye curving posteriorly; and by the deep, narrow antennal scrobes. The mesonotum is rugoreticulate in the Guatemalan specimen, and mostly carinulate in the unique holotype, but otherwise the two specimens are very close. measurements (mm) Holotype major: HW 1.80, HL 2.16, SL 0.76, EL 0.20, PW 1.00. color Major: body light reddish brown, appendages light reddish to yellowish brown. + + + +range Known only from the two major workers noted above, from Oaxaca, Mexico, and Guatemala. + + +biology Unknown. + + +figure Major. GUATEMALA: San Jose (E. S. Ross, in Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard). Compared with unique holotype major, Almoloya, Oaxaca, Mexico, collected by Frederick Knab, in Nat. Mus. Nat. Hist U. S. Scale bar = 1 mm. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3C/A8/163CA8C339505F4FB2C66240165DE631.xml b/data/16/3C/A8/163CA8C339505F4FB2C66240165DE631.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b37d7f06454 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3C/A8/163CA8C339505F4FB2C66240165DE631.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) + + + +Author + +Neubauer, Thomas A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 +Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria +thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-07-05 + + +602 + + +1 +358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 +1313-2970-602-1 +65EFA27673454AC69B78DBE7E98D6103 +FFA86D39FFE2FFF3FF8AFFEBC209FFDE +126863 + + + + +† +Melanopsis (Canthidomus) oroposi minoriformis Papp, 1979 + + + +Original source. + +Papp 1979 +: 672, pl. 3, figs 11-15. + + + +Type horizon. +Mammal zone MN 10, late Miocene. + + +Type locality. + +"Milessi" +[Milesi], Greece. + + + +Types. +Institute of Paleontology, University of Vienna; no number indicated. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3D/7E/163D7E2698CB6CE5AFAE2C390D0A8B54.xml b/data/16/3D/7E/163D7E2698CB6CE5AFAE2C390D0A8B54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0bc3761d5cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3D/7E/163D7E2698CB6CE5AFAE2C390D0A8B54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Order Soricomorpha + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +220 +311 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Sorex saussurei +subsp. +saussurei +Merriam 1892 + + + + + + + +Sorex saussurei +subsp. +saussurei +Merriam 1892 + +, +Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 7: 173 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +"Sierra de +Colima +, +Jalisco +, +Mexico +, (altitude +8000 feet +[ + +2438 m + +])". + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3D/A7/163DA763ED34F85EC0FBEAD1B05F51DF.xml b/data/16/3D/A7/163DA763ED34F85EC0FBEAD1B05F51DF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2453f799618 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3D/A7/163DA763ED34F85EC0FBEAD1B05F51DF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Hippobosca equina +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +H. alis obtusis, thorace albo variegato. +Fn. svec. +1043. +Mouff. ins. +59. + +Frisch. ins. +5. +t. +10? + + +Reaum. ins. +6. +t. +48. + + + + +Habitat in +Europa & America +septentrionali, Equis +& +Bobus infesta. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3E/3D/163E3D1CFFF74B52919AA06D835BFE18.xml b/data/16/3E/3D/163E3D1CFFF74B52919AA06D835BFE18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a99590fca8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3E/3D/163E3D1CFFF74B52919AA06D835BFE18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,258 @@ + + + +New Isometopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from the Oriental Region, with some notes on the genera Alcecoris and Sophianus + + + +Author + +Herczek, Aleksander + + + +Author + +Popov, Yuri A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3023 + + +43 +50 + + + +journal article +46359 +10.5281/zenodo.278692 +6148bd71-65c9-4934-a066-53b0f187f030 +1175-5326 +278692 + + + + + + + +Alcecoris heissi +Herczek & Popov + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs. 1–3 +) + + +Body elongate oval ( +Fig. 1 +, +2 +), covered with golden to dark-brown distinct, semi-reclining to semi-erect hairs arising from distinct punctures; general coloration fuscous. Head semi-globular to somewhat triangular in outline with small protuberance on each side behind antennal insertion ( +Fig. 3 +); inclined forward with frons broadly visible from above; 1.64 x as high as broad and about 0.9 x as long as pronotum. Frons weakly impressed and somewhat shagreened, laterally bordered by adpressed dark hairs; juga sharply differentiated, vertex at base where ocelli are borne, impunctate, lower margin of eyes fuscous; eyes large, dark reddish- brown, occupying greater part of head and almost confluent with each other along midline as a distinctly longitudinal sulcate in front of vertex. Antennae with segment I and II fuscous, III slender, dark brown; IV reddish with white apical half; both very short. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Alcecoris heissi + + +sp. nov. + +, Holotype, female, dorsal view. + + +II strongly globose, 1.63 x as long as wide and about 1.85x as long, as I; somewhat shorter than III and IV taken together, and with two strong spurs near apex, dorsal one longer and sharper. Segments I and II with sparse, adhering golden yellow hairs; hairs on III and IV semi-erect. Rostrum reaching second abdominal segment, thread-like, segment I yellow, II–IV dark brown. Pronotum trapeziform, 1.85 times as wide as long, distinctly emarginate laterally, posterior margin weakly convex, posterior angles flattened, laminated and acutely pointed; collar very narrow, punctuate; disc strongly convex, glabrous anteriorly sparse with flat punctures posteriorly. Mesoscutum glabrous, distinctly convex; scutellum disc reddish, flattened, somewhat rubbed, distinctly humped subapically. Hemelytra densely adpressed golden to dark-brown pilose, deep punctuate except embolium and cuneus. Cuneus with pale oblique hyalinae blotch. Long bristles arising along boundary of corium and membrane; cuneal fracture indistinct; broad median band on corium and base of clavus somewhat pale, membrane one-celled, pale-brown hyaline. Legs pale-yellow, with white coxae, tarsi brown; three long setae on distal part of hind femora. Venter generally yellowbrown; prosternum brown, mesepimeron and metasternum pale yellow. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Alcecoris heissi + + +sp. nov. + +, Holotype, female. + + + + +Measurements +( +type +, all in mm). Female: Body length 2,77, width 1.18; length of head 0.46, width 0.49; width of vertex 0.07; width of eye 0.19, height 0.19. Antennal segments: I 0.57; II 1.06 (width 0.65); III 0.3; IV 0.34. Rostrum: I 0.34; II 0.38; III 0.30; IV 0.30. Pronotum: maximum length 0.49, anterior width 0.57, posterior width 0.91; mesoscutum length 0.10, width 0.55. Scutellum length 0.51, width 0.34; claval commissure 0.36. Fore leg: length of femur 0.83, width 0.14, tibia length 0.91,width 0.065; tarsus 0.28 (0.091: 0.18); hind legs: length of femur 1.04, width 0.18, tibia length 1.14, width 0.06, tarsus 0.34 (0.1: 0.26). + + +Differential diagnosis. +This new species shows affinities with + +Alcecoris globosus +Carvalho + +and + +A. formosanus +(Lin & Yang) + +. From the former the new species is clearly distinguished by the larger size (2.77 compared to 2.40) and the antennal segment I being about 0.54x compared to 0.37x as long as II, as well as being rather longer than III and IV taken together. From + +A. formosanus + +, + +A +. +heissi + +mainly differs by the less transverse pronotum, which is about 0.54x compared to 0.70x as broad as long, pale oblique hyaline blotch as well as the somewhat shorter pubescence of the hemelytra. The fourth species of this genus, + +A +. +fraxinusae +Lin + +is clearly different from all other species with its narrowest and longest 2nd antennal segment (almost 4 times longer than the 1st one, against othersalmost +2.5 in + +A +. +globosus + +, 2,75x in + +A +. +formosanus + +, and 1.85x in + +A +. +heissi + +). + +Alcecoris lamellatus +(Ren & Yang) + +has shorter rostrum (as does + +A. formosanus + +) and a slightly narrower 2nd antennal segment (male). + + + + +Etymology. +This species is named after the well known Austrian heteropterologist and our friend Professor Ernst Heiss on the occasion of his 75th birthday.. + + + + +Material examined. +Type +material. +Holotype +, female ( +Fig. 1 +, +2 +), +Thailand +, Doi Suthep, +800m +, +11.11.1995 +, leg.Schwendinger; Silesian University, Department of Zoology, Katowice (ex. Coll. Ernst Heiss, Innsbruck, +Austria +) + + + + +Remarks. +The authors who first studied two close oriental genera + +Sophianus + +and + +Alcecoris + +were + +Distant (1904 +) + +, +McAtee and Malloch (1924) +, and then +Carvalho (1951) +, and +EYLES (1972) +compiled the first check-list of the species of +Isometopinae +. Later on, during nearly thirty years, a series of articles were published devoted to Oriental and Australian +Isometopinae +, including + +Alcecoris + +as well (see the above mentioned citations). Yet there has been confusion concerning some species mainly found in +Taiwan +which were erroneously placed with + +Sophianus + +(Lin 2004, Lin & Yang 2004). +McAtee and Malloch (1932) +gave a correct key wherein one of the main differences between the genera + +Sophianus + +and + +Alcecoris + +was the length of the first antennal segment: short in + +Sophianus + +and long in + +Alcecoris + +(!). + +Sophianus alces +Distant + +has only a short basal antennal segment - all other species have a distinctly long first antennal segment. There is also a sexual difference in the configuration of the second antennal segment. Generally the second segment is very wide and leaf-like, which probably is very typical for females of these genera. Probably, because in + +Alcecoris lamellatus +( +Ren & Yang 1988 +) + +, the males also have a leaf-like the second antennal segment. But most of the taxonomic and morphological questions wait their solution in the near future. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3E/B6/163EB6920268AA3C82942CD7D931B03F.xml b/data/16/3E/B6/163EB6920268AA3C82942CD7D931B03F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e834ad29ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3E/B6/163EB6920268AA3C82942CD7D931B03F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Asparagaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +1292 +1304 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Polygonatum multiflorum +(L.) All. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: +Staengel +30-60 cm +, + +ueberhaengend +, unverzweigt, rund, bis zur Spitze 2zeilig +beblaettert + +. +Blaetter +eifoermig +oder breit-lanzettlich. +Blueten +in 2-5 +bluetigen +, + +haengenden +Trauben + +in den Blattwinkeln. +Perigonblaetter +6, zu einer +Roehre +verwachsen, +1-2 cm +lang, +ueber +dem Fruchtknoten verengt, + +weiss mit +gruenlichen +Zipfeln + +. +Staubblaetter +6, +Staubfaeden +flaumig behaart. Frucht eine +dunkelblaue +, 3 +faecherige +, vielsamige +Beere +. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 5-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: +Waelder +, +Gebuesche +/ kollin-montan / CH + + + +Verbreitung global: Eurasiatisch + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +maessig +naehrstoffarm +bis +maessig +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K + +subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, +maessige +Temperaturschwankungen und +maessig +tiefe Wintertemperaturen) +
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Vielbluetiges +Salomonssiegel + +, + +Vielbluetige +Weisswurz + +Nom +francais +: +Sceau de Salomon multiflore +Nome italiano: +Sigillo di Salomone maggiore + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/2C/163F2C7564A7ACB758272ACC84512275.xml b/data/16/3F/2C/163F2C7564A7ACB758272ACC84512275.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2baca5c693b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/2C/163F2C7564A7ACB758272ACC84512275.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Taxonomy of Fissocantharis Pic (Coleoptera, Cantharidae) from Guangxi, China, with descriptions of six new species + + + +Author + +Yang, Yuxia + + + +Author + +Li, Limei + + + +Author + +Guan, Kaile + + + +Author + +Yang, Xingke + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +489 + + +95 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.489.9153 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.489.9153 +1313-2970-489-95 +943B9E3672074046B2127EC2B1043CCF +943B9E3672074046B2127EC2B1043CCF + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Coleoptera Cantharidae + + + + +Fissocantharis cicatricosa (Wittmer, 1988) + + + + +Micropodabrus cicatricosus +Wittmer, 1988: 360, Figs 14, 33. + + +Fissocantharis cicatricosa +: +Yang et al. 2009 +: 49. + + + +Distribution. +China (Fujian, Guangxi). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FF8FFFC1C69793C55434F813.xml b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FF8FFFC1C69793C55434F813.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d683f7c9144 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FF8FFFC1C69793C55434F813.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae) + + + +Author + +Gray, Michael R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2010 + +2010-11-24 + + +62 + + +3 + + +285 +392 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 + +journal article +10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 +2201-4349 +5298014 + + + + + + + +Hadronyche anzses +Raven + + + + + + + + +Hadronyche anzses +Raven, 2000: 225 + + + +Types +. +Holotype +male: QMB +S18825 +.Mossman Bluff summit, 10Km west Figure 102. + +Hadronyche monteithi + +, male: ( +A +) spinnerets; ( +B +) of Mosman, +16°26'54"S +145°16'59"E +, N.E. +Queensland +, 20 December cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) cheliceral groove teeth; 1989– +15 January 1990 +, G. Monteith, G. Thompson and ANZSES ( +D +) palpal organ; ( +E +) leg II, prolateral; ( +F +) palp, prolateral; ( +G +) Expedition. cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +H +) sternum, labium and maxilla. Scale lines +1 mm +. +Diagnosis +. CL 5.31 (male). Small atracine spiders. Differs from other + +lamingtonensis + +group species in having only a few basal teeth (3) on the cheliceral promargin (Raven, + + + + +2000, +Fig. 1G +) and metatarsus I with fewer spines (c. 10); + + +and from + +H. raveni + +and + +H. lamingtonensis + +by tarsi III, IV swollen, “boat-shaped”. + + + + +Distribution +. Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFC6FF96C43796B25328FB12.xml b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFC6FF96C43796B25328FB12.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..65cf4cd4011 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFC6FF96C43796B25328FB12.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1577 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae) + + + +Author + +Gray, Michael R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2010 + +2010-11-24 + + +62 + + +3 + + +285 +392 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 + +journal article +10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 +2201-4349 +5298014 + + + + + + + +Hadronyche venenata +(Hickman) + + + + + +Figures 37–40; +Tables 11 +, +34 + + + + + +Atrax venenatus +Hickman, 1927: 63 + +. Hickman, 1967: 20. + +Main, 1985: 42. + + + + +Hadronyche venenata + +.–Gray, 1988: 114 (Transferred from + + + +Atrax + +). + + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +QVM 957–13 +– +16 Type +28. +Newtown Creek +, +Hobart +, + + + + +Tasmania +, +V +. +V +. +Hickman +, + +22 December 1925 + +. +Allotype +female: +QVM + + + +1957–13– +17 Type +29. Data as for +holotype +. + + + + + +Other material examined. +Tasmania +(males) + +: +AMS KS +6071, Lambert + + +Park, near Hobart, +3 June 1980 +, M. Gray; Bicheno, +22 January 1972 +, B. + + +Stephenson ( +QVM +); Cape Lodi, near Bicheno, +5 March 1978 +, A. McBain + + +( +QVM +); Cole’s Bay, +27 April 1972 +, N.S. Freeman ( +QVM +); Cole’s Bay, 13 + + +March 1978, Monaghan ( +QVM +); Cole’s Bay, +24 February 1971 +, M. O’Toole + + +Figure 37. Collection records for + +Hadronyche venenata +(QVM) + +; Mathina, +16 February 1972 +( +QVM +): Mathina, +10 February 1971 +, + + + +J. Turner +( +QVM +); +AMS +KS972 +, +Mount +Ben +Lomond +, + +11 April 1926 + + +, A.L. + + +Meston; J1916 ( +TM +), Geilston Bay, +16 May 1984 +, J. McDavitt; J1360 ( +TM +), +Diagnosis +. CL 6.88–9.59 (male). Differs from other Rosny, Hobart, +17 April 1978 +, Mr Ward; E938 ( +TM +), Blackman’s Bay, 5 + +Hadronyche +spp. + +by having a weak spined apophyseal +May 1974 +, E. Cunliffe; Hobart, +June 1971 +, K. Hamilton ( +QVM +); J1917 swelling on tibia +II +but metatarsus +II +not modified(Figs. ( +TM +), Winnebah, +May 1984 +, F. Wagner; J 739 ( +TM +), Tinderbox, 8 March 38E, 40H–K). Male caput relatively weakly raised (Fig. 1971, D. Milledge; J1113 ( +TM +), West Hobart, +26 March 1976 +, +R +. van de + + + +Uusse; J1025 ( +TM +),Taroona, Hobart, + +9 March 1975 + +, Ms Stottard. +Tasmania +38B; +CH +/CW 0.40 + +). + + +(females) +: Blackman’s Bay, + + +Apr 1983 + +( +TM +); +AMS +KS975 +, Cascades, 3 + + + + +January +1967; +Coles Bay +, + +February 1970 + +, +N. Lawson +( +TM +) + +; + +Cromwell +, 20 + +Redescription +of male +holotype + +. + +Size +. Carapace + +length 6.88, + +April 1971 + +, +N. Toombs +( +TM +) + +; + +Golden Ridges +, + +13 February 1946 + +, +W. Bart +width 6.19. +Abdomen +length 5.30, width 4.42. — + +Colour +. + +( +QVM +) + +; + +Hobart +, + +June 1971 + +, +K. Hampton +( +QVM +) + +; + +Liffy +, + +28 October 1972 + +, +Basic +colour pattern. — + +Carapace +. Longer + +than wide, +K. Watson +( +QVM +) + +; + +Mathina +, + +10 February 1971 + +, +J. Turner +( +QVM +) + +; + +Mount + + + + +Victoria +, + +14 January 1972 + +, +N.B. Brown +( +QVM +); +Mount Young +, 18 +January +cephalic area moderately raised, rather narrow frontally. 1971,? +Simpson +( +QVM +); +Poatina + +, + + +28 September 1963 + +, +F. Fishwick +( +QVM +); +Height +2.46. +Frontal +width 3.69. +Fovea straight +, narrow. +Ringarooma + +, + + +7 June 1963 + +, +J. Kidd +( +QVM +); +Rosetier + +, + + +7 June 1971 + +( +TM +); +Mid-dorsal +cephalic setae reach fovea. +Anterior +strial setae +AMS +KS974 +, +Sandy Bay + +, + + +12 December 1966 + +, +J. Cossum +; +St.Marys +, 16 +July + + + +1971, K. Cook ( +QVM +); +AMS KS +6214, Taroona, near Hobart, 8 September + + +1980, +R +. Parrott; + +AMS +KS973 +, Trevallyn, l + +February 1928 + + +. + + + +Figure 39. + +Hadronyche venenata + +, female: ( +A +) sternum, labium Figure 38. + +Hadronyche venenata + +, male: ( +A +) sternum, labium and and maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) leg maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) spinnerets; III, prolateral, patella, tibia, metatarsus; ( +D +) cephalothorax and ( +D +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +E +) leg II, prolateral; chelicerae, dorsal; ( +E +) cheliceral groove teeth; ( +F +) spermathecae; ( +F +) palp, prolateral; ( +G +) cheliceral groove teeth. Scale lines 1 mm. ( +G +) spinnerets. Scale lines 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 40. + +Hadronyche venenata + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS6071; +B,C +, AMS KS972): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except +A +0.2 mm and +B +1.0 mm. + + + +present. Anterolateral carapace angle with several weak +Chelicerae +. Groove margins subparallel, weakly divergent bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye region raised. Anterior median distally; length 2.02, middle width 0.26. Cheliceral teeth: eyes small. Eye group width 1.60. Median ocular quadrangle 16 central, occupying full length of groove; 9 prolateral; length 0.58, anterior width 0.70, posterior width 1.09. 7 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Slightly wider than long, weakly Diameters: AME 0.17, ALE 0.38, PLE 0.26, +PME +0.20. — indented apically. Length 1.14, width 1.24. Labiosternal sigilla narrowed toward midline. Cuspules c. 220, number dorsally. — +Carapace +. Slightly longer than wide, strongly moderate to high. — +Sternum +. Ovoid, moderately long. raised. Height 3.03. Frontal width 5.13. Cephalic length Length 3.94, width 2.84. Posterior sigilla ovoid, broad. — 5.34. Fovea slightly procurved–straight, anterior margin +Palp +. Tegular area wider than long. Embolus rather short, slightly indented. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae numerous and base hardly offset from tegulum. Embolus shaft weakly run back to fovea.Anterior strial setae present. Anterolateral curved to straight, only slightly tapered distally. Distal part carapace angle with several hairs and weak bristles. — of embolus weakly twisted and short. Bulb length 2.07, +Eyes +. Central eye region slightly raised. Eye group width width 0.94. Embolus length 1.37, midwidth 0.16. Length 1.91. Diameters: AME 0.18, ALE 0.45, PLE 0.37, +PME +of femur 3.00, patella 1.34, tibia 3.03. Width of tibia 1.41. 0.24. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.30, AME–ALE 0.18, Spination: femur 4, patella 1, tibia 7 (3 dorsal). Some distal ALE–PLE 0.27, PLE– +PME +0.14, +PME +– +PME +0.79. Median femoral spines and bristles sinuous. — +Legs +. 4123. Legs I, ocular quadrangle length 0.60, anterior width 0.70, posterior +IV +subequal. width 1.25. — +Chelicerae +. Groove margins diverge weakly distally; length 2.20, middle width 0.40. Cheliceral teeth: + + + +Table 11 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche venenata + +(n = 12). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL6.88–9.598.52Mt1S24–53 (p0–1) 37CW/CL0.950.029
CW6.19–8.828.11Ta1S9–2414CH/CW*0.400.016
CH2.46–3.623.27Ti2S16–3926CFW/CL0.650.047
CFW3.69–6.455.49STC2teeth12–1613CHGW/L*0.130.014
ChGL2.02–2.832.53BulbL1.58–2.832.44SW/SL0.710.056
ChGW0.26–0.390.32EmbL1.33–1.841.57LL/LW0.930.029
ChGCT12–2417BulbW0.94–1.441.09PLSAPW/L*0.360.057
LL1.14–1.601.44EmbmidW0.16–0.220.18BulbW/EmbL0.670.037
LW1.24–1.721.56PalpTibL3.03–4.183.77EmbmidW/L0.120.008
CUSP213–325269PalpTibW1.41–1.961.77PalpTibW/L0.470.042
SL3.94–5.925.28PalpTibS4–86BulbL/TibL0.650.032
SW2.84–4.203.53PalpPatS1–31
PLSAPW0.32–0.640.46PalpFemS*5–117
PLSAPL0.84–1.531.43
Fe1S*0–31
Pa1S4–14 (p1–3)9
+ +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total 18 central, in single row occupying full length of groove; + +1 5.99 2.87 4.94 4.55 2.96 21.31 11 prolateral; 11 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Slightly wider + +2 5.90 2.83 4.72 4.26 2.80 20.51 than long, rounded, apically indented. Length 1.47, width +3 5.03 2.43 3.85 3.53 2.79 17.62 1.65. Cuspules occupying anterior two-thirds. Labiosternal + +4 5.99 2.68 4.84 4.90 2.94 21.35 sigilla constricted at midline. — +Sternum +. Ovoid, moderately long. Length 4.80, width 3.54. Posterior sigilla ovoid: + + +Tibia I +width 1.17. Femora I and +II +with dorsal spines. Tibia length 0.78, width 0.42. — +Palp +. Spination: tibia 2, tarsus + +I ventral spines numerous. Metatarsus I slightly thickened 7. Trichobothria: tibia p5 r4, tarsus 9. Tarsal claw with 3 + +proximally, larger ventral spines grouped proximally. Tibia teeth. — +Legs +. 1423. + + +II +with weak apophyseal swelling in proximal half, ventral spines grouped upon it; distal ventral tibia +II +weakly concave, Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total without spines (except apically). Metatarsus +II +without 1 5.58 3.12 4.31 3.44 2.13 18.58 apophysis, straight to weakly sinuous (midventral region 2 5.08 2.92 3.49 3.02 2.05 16.56 sometimes slightly thickened) with strong midventral to 3 4.26 2.46 2.71 2.67 2.05 14.15 distal spines. Coxal setae unmodified. Scopulae legs I– +IV +: 4 5.25 2.87 3.90 3.36 2.42 17.80 tarsus, weak to moderate; metatarsus, absent to weak. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, +II +: superior 13, 13; inferior 2, 1. +Tibia I +width 1.40. Metatarsus I proximal width 0.97. Coxal Trichobothria legs I, +II +: tarsus 10, 10, metatarsus 10, 11; setae unmodified. Tibia I, +II +with few or no spines. Tarsal tibia p6 r6, p6 r6. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 4(d3 p1), claw teeth legs I, +II +: superior 10, 9; inferior 3, 3. Trichobothria patella 6(p2 v4), tibia 46, metatarsus 28, tarsus 12. Leg +II +: legs I, 2: tarsus 10, 9; metatarsus 11, 10; tibia p7 r7, p6 r5. femur d3, patella p1, tibia 26, metatarsus 16, tarsus 9. Leg — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus +III +: femur d3, patella p3, tibia 11 (p2 r2 d2), metatarsus 15, 11, tarsus 8. Leg +II +: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus tarsus 10. Leg +IV +: femur d4, patella 0, tibia 9 (r3), metatarsus 10, tarsus 8. Leg +III +: femur 0, patella pd2, tibia 6 (p3 1r), 16, tarsus 12 — +Abdomen +. Posterior lateral spinnerets: apical metatarsus 13 (p4 r1), tarsus 12. Leg +IV +: femur 0, patella 0, segment moderately long. Lengths: total 2.36; basal segment tibia 2 (r1) metatarsus 9, tarsus 13. — +Abdomen +. Posterior 0.96, middle 0.56; apical 0.84. Apical segment width 0.32. lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. Lengths: total 3.02; basal segment 1.30, middle 0.72, apical 1.00. Apical + + + + + +Redescription of female +allotype + +. +Size +. Carapace length segment width 0.52. — +Genitalia +. Spermathecae digitiform, 7.38, width 6.81. Abdomen length 10.61, width 8.70. about three times longer than wide. Length 0.82, width — +Colour +. Basic colour pattern. 3–4 pairs abdominal 0.29. Apical third set off from basal two thirds by a slight chevrons, middle pairs distinct and almost meeting mid- constriction. + + + + +Distribution +. Eastern +Tasmania +(Fig. 37). +January 1983 +, E.T. Bannigan; AMS KS2668, Tumut, +35°18'S +148°13'E +, +30 January 1979 +, K. Pearce. + + + + +Comments +. Hickman (1927, 1967) described tibia II of this + + + +Other material examined. +New South Wales +(males) + +: AMS KS900, + + +species as lacking “spurs or apophyses”, but with the “basal “Bonniemuir”, Adelong area, +29 April 1955 +, J.D. McMahon; AMS half … slightly expanded and … heavily spined”. This low KS893, Barry, +27 November 1975 +, Drs. Jones & Redhead; AMS KS891, spinose swelling on tibia II is interpreted here as a weak “Yewrangara”, +8 km +W.of Bigga, +11 July 1972 +, I. Chudleigh;AMS KS5202, apophyseal swelling. +64 km +W. of Crookwell & +20 km +from Wyangla Dam, +6 May 1980 +, L.E. + + +Willis; AMS KS13354, 3 km E. of Binda, +28 March 1983 +, M. Gray & C. + +Horseman; AMS KS888, Bloomfield, N.S.W; AMS KS2720, Cowra, 18 + + + +Hadronyche marracoonda + +n.sp. + +April 1979 +, M. Henderson; AMS KS898, Crookwell, +22 February 1958 +, + + + +Clifton’s Pharmacy; +AMS +KS3077 +, +10 +km N. of Goulburn, + +May 1979 + + +, N. + + +Figures 41–44; +Tables 12 +, +34 +Vickers;AMS KS884, Holbrook area, +15. iv.1971 +, R. Flynn;AMS KS9314, + + +Humula, +19 May 1982 +;AMS KS894, Kanangra Walls, near Oberon, 5 June + + + +1956, +F.B. Ilann +; +AMS +KS886 + +, + +Limekilns +, + +20 October 1967 + +, +O. Stark +; +AMS + + + + + +Etymology +. The specific epithet is an Aboriginal word KS8364, Livingstone State Forest, near Wagga Wagga, +16 September 1981 +, meaning toward the west, a reference to the western slopes Dr Cook; AMS KS897, Nashdale, +10 February 1969 +, Dixon;AMS KS880, distribution of this species in +New South Wales +. Oberon, +22 September 1972 +; AMS KS902, Orange, +20 February 1976 +, + + + +Bloomfield Hospital +; +AMS +KS903 + +, + +Orange, + +1. ix.1969 + +, +F. Freeman +; +AMS + + + +Types +. +Holotype +male: AMS KS892, Wagga Wagga Teachers College, KS905, Rosewood, +10 May 1972 +, O. Portors; AMS KS906, Rosewood, Wagga Wagga, +New South Wales +, +35°06'S +147°22'E +, +20 April 1971 +. +February 1976 +, G. Portors; AMS KS904, Spring Hill, +20 km +E. of Orange, +Paratypes +(all AM). +New South Wales +. +Males +: AMS KS890, “The Decca”, +28 March 1974 +; AMS KS883, Taralga area, 1977, Goulburn Ambulance; Bigga area, +34°04'S +149°09'E +, +12 May 1972 +, M. Chudleigh;AMS KS13353, AMS KS885, Towac, +21 March 1965 +, J. Maybin; AMS KS6645, Trunkey +3km +E. of Binda, +34°04'S +149°09'E +, +28 March 1983 +, M. Gray & C. Creek, +27 January 1981 +, J. Dellow; AMS KS889, Tumbarumba, August Horseman; AMS KS5223, Crookwell, +34°27'S +149°28'E +, +19 May 1980 +, 1957, R.A. Castle; AMS KS901, Tumorrama, +19 May 1972 +, M. Blundell; L.E. Willis;AMS KS879, Oberon, +33°41'S +149°52'E +, +May 1974 +, J. Bearup; AMS KS2965, Tumut, +5 May 1979 +, P.D. Slater; AMS KS8922, Tumut, AMS KS2719, Tumbarumba, +35°45'S +148°00'E +, +10 April 1979 +, J. Frost; +6 April 1982 +, Pearce; AMS KS13424, Wagga Wagga, R. Faulder; AMS AMS KS43617, Carcoar Dam, +55km +SW of Bathurst, +33°37'S +149°14'E +, 17 KS887, Yetholme, +19 October 1967 +, O. Stark; Binalong, 20 February +May 1995 +, J. Chaffey;AMS KS6876, Caloola via Newbridge, +12 February 1975 +(ANIC). + +Australian Capital Territory +(male) + +: Campbell, 1974, 1981, Callan. +Females +: AMS KS10831, Bigga, +34°04'S +149°09'E +, +60 km +D.J. Belford (ANIC). N.W. of Crookwell, +23 March 1983 +; AMS KS5740,Adelong area, +35°17'S +148°03'E +, +July 1980 +, M. Pearce;AMS KS8796, Gocup, +35°13'S +148°12'E +, +Diagnosis +. CL 8.92–10.71. Larger spiders, leg II without +9 March 1982 +, B. Laird; AMS KS1371, Oberon, +33°41'S +149°52'E +, +16 May 1978 +, D.H. Clowes, AMS KS10681, Orange, +33°16'S +149°06'E +, 17 apophyses/swellings, tibia II and metatarsus II ventrally concave,bowed ( +Fig. 43I,K +). Differs from + +infensa + +and rarely weakly sinuous. Coxal hairs unmodified. Tarsal and + +lamingtonensis + +group species by having dorsal spines on distal metatarsal scopulae weakly developed, strongest on femur I, II; from + +adelaidensis + +group species by having a long tarsi 3, 4. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 15, inferior 4, labium; from + +H. monaro + +by lacking metatarsus II apophyseal trichobothria legs 1, 2: tarsus 12, 11; metatarsus 16, 14; tibia swelling, and having numerous tarsus II spines ( +Table 12 +); p6 r7, p6 r7. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 9 (d3p6), patella from + +H. nimoola + +by caput not as strongly raised; from +H. +5 (p3), tibia 29 (p2), metatarsus 33, tarsus 19. Leg II: femur + +tambo + +by more spinose femur 1 and palpal tibia ( +Table 12 +). 10 (d4p6), patella 4 (p4), tibia 9 (p1), metatarsus 19, tarsus 29. Leg III: femur rd5 (long, bristle-like), patella 9 (p8), tibia + + + +Figure 42. + +Hadronyche marracoonda + +, female: ( +A +) cheliceral groove Figure 41. + +Hadronyche marracoonda + +, male: ( +A +) sternum, labium teeth; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) sternum, and maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) cheliceral labium and maxilla; ( +D +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +E +) groove teeth; ( +D +) palp, prolateral; ( +E +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, leg III, prolateral, patella, tibia, metatarsus; ( +F +) spinnerets; ( +G +) dorsal; ( +F +) spinnerets; ( +G +) leg II, prolateral. Scale lines 1 mm. spermathecae. Scale lines 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 43. + +Hadronyche marracoonda + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS43617; +B,C +, AMS KS6876): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: 1.0 mm, except +E–G,J,K +0.3 mm. + + + + +Table 12 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche marracoonda + +(n = 21). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL8.92–10.719.99Mt1S29–5040CW/CL0.920.026
CW8.05–10.059.23Ta1S15–5128CH/CW0.440.037
CH3.44–4.634.10Ti2S*6–19 (p0–2)11CFW/CL0.660.028
CFW5.90–7.486.64STC2teeth12–1614CHGW/L0.200.023
ChGL2.51–3.092.83BulbL2.90–3.603.19SW/SL0.790.03
ChGW0.48–0.700.56EmbL1.91–2.422.06LL/LW0.890.041
ChGCT12–3724BulbW1.15–1.461.32PLSAPW/L*0.340.026
LL1. 48–1.961.69EmbmidW0.18–0.310.24BulbW/EmbL0.650.032
LW1.67–2.161.90PalpTibL3.98–4.854.50EmbmidW/L0.120.02
CUSP230–384280PalpTibW1.80–2.252.11PalpTibW/L0.470.02
SL5.44–6.706.06PalpTibS2–53BulbL/TibL0.710.032
SW4.12–5.184.77PalpPatS0—
PLSAPW0.43–0.640.54PalpFemS0–41
PLSAPL1.43–1.911.59
Fe1S1–138
Pa1S2–12 (p2–7)7
+ + +Male +( +holotype +) — +Size +. Carapace length 9.68, width 8.86. 18 (r2 d2), metatarsus 21, tarsus 14. Leg IV: femur r8 (long, Abdomen length 9.51, width 7.13. — +Colour +. Basic colour bristle-like), patella p1, tibia 9(r2), metatarsus 21, tarsus pattern. — +Carapace +. Longer than wide, moderately raised. 19. — +Abdomen +. Numerous long bristles dorsally, strongest Height 3.69. Frontal width 5.99. Fovea gently procurved. anteriorly. Posterior lateral spinnerets with moderately long Mid-dorsal cephalic setae do not reach fovea. Anterior apical segment. Lengths: total 3.90; basal segment 1.48, strial setae absent. — +Eyes +. On low tubercle. Eye group middle 0.92, apical 1.50; apical width 0.52. width 2.08. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.90, anterior width 1.05, posterior width 1.37. Diameters: AME 0.37, +Female +( +paratype +AMS KS10831) — +Size +. Carapace length ALE 0.52, PLE 0.43, PME 0.34. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral 11.64, width 9.35. Abdomen length 10.88, width 8.84. — groove of moderate width, margins diverging. Groove +Colour +. Basic colour pattern. — +Carapace +. Clearly longer length 2.64, middle width 0.55. Cheliceral teeth: 20 central, than wide, strongly raised. Height 4.84; frontal width 8.30. running full length of groove; 15 prolateral; 10 retrolateral. Cephalic length 8.16. Fovea procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic — +Labium +. Slightly wider than long. Length 1.54, width setae do not reach fovea. Anterior strial setae absent. 1.82. Labiosternal sigilla narrowed centrally. Cuspules Anterolateral carapace angle with numerous strong bristles. c. 248 cuspules, number moderate to high. — +Sternum +. — +Eyes +. Ocular area strongly raised, anteriorly protuberant. Ovoid, broad. Length 5.74, width 4.84. Posterior sigilla Eye group width 2.62. Diameters:AME 0.33, ALE 0.52, PLE large, elongate. — +Palp +. Tegular area slightly wider than 0.36, PME 0.22. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.44, AME– long. Embolus rather short, wide and gently curved; distal ALE 0.34, ALE–PLE 0.26, PLE–PME 0.20, PME–PME embolus twisted. Embolus hardly offset from tegulum. Bulb 1.30. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.80, anterior width length 3.01, width 1.24. Embolus length 1.91, mid width 1.10, posterior width 1.81. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove 0.22. Length of femur 4.17; patella 1.60; tibia 4.23. Width margins diverge distally, groove wide. Groove length 3.37, of tibia 2.02. Spination: tibia 4. Sinuous bristles on distal middle width 0.87. Cheliceral teeth: 68 central, in several femur. — +Legs +. 4213. rows, occupying full length of groove; 15 prolateral; 11 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Slightly wider than long, rounded, + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total anterior margin weakly indented. Length 2.36, width 2.68. + +1 7.87 3.28 5.21 6.27 3.77 26.40 Labiosternal sigilla entire. — +Sternum +. Ovoid. Length 7.05, + +2 7.83 3.77 6.71 6.78 4.17 29.26 width 5.54. Posterior sigilla long, ovoid: length 0.88, width + +3 6.97 3.16 5.33 6.11 4.14 25.71 0.54. — +Palp +. Spination: tibia 4, tarsus 9. Trichobothria: tibia + + +4 8.12 3.44 6.77 7.30 4.59 30.22 p9 r9, tarsus 13. Tarsal claw with 5 teeth. — +Legs +. 1423. Legs + +I, IV subequal. + +Tibia I +width 1.72. Metatarsi longer than tibiae. Femora I and II with dorsal spines. Bristle-like spines on femora III and IV. Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Metatarsus I slightly thickened proximally. Tibia II without 1 8.12 4.51 5.99 5.05 3.06 26.73 apophysis, slightly bowed and ventrally concave, spines 2 7.30 4.20 5.33 4.89 3.12 24.84 few, grouped proximally. Metatarsus II straight to slightly 3 6.17 3.28 3.77 4.39 3.08 20.69 bowed and ventrally concave and lacking an apophysis, 4 7.83 4.06 5.58 5.37 3.42 26.26 + +procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae almost reach fovea. + +Anterior strial setae few to absent. Anterolateral carapace angle with many strong bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye region raised. Eye group width 2.20. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.84, anterior width 1.12, posterior width 1.43. + +Diameters: AME 0.38, ALE 0.50, PLE 0.37, PME 0.28. — + +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove moderately short and wide, + +margins diverging distally. Groove length 2.64, width 0.76. +Cheliceral teeth: 18 central, occupying full length of groove; + +8 prolateral; 9 retrolateral. — +Labium +. About as long as wide, apical indentation weak to absent. Length 1.84, width + + +1.88. Labiosternal suture narrowed toward midline. Weak transverse groove behind cuspules. Cuspules c. 171, number moderate to low. — +Sternum +. Ovoid. Length 5.81, width 4.27. + + +Posterior sigilla elongate, broad. Anterolateral angles of sternum with weakly grouped bristles. — +Palp +. Tegular area wider than long. Embolus of moderate length, gently curved, + + +Figure 44. Collection records for + +Hadronyche marracoonda + + +weakly to moderately offset from tegulum; shaft strongly + +(squares) and + +H. tambo + +(circles). + +tapered distally. Distal embolus weakly twisted, slender. +flange narrow. Bulb length 3.40, width 1.28. Embolus length + +Tibia I +width 2.01. Metatarsus I proximal width 1.38. Coxae + +2.33, midwidth 0.19. Length of femur 4.29, patella 1.58, +I, II with numerous basally thickened thorn-like setae +tibia 4.45. Width of tibia 1.91. Spination: no spines; a few +anteriorly. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 9, 9; inferior +prolateral tibial bristles, several sinuous bristles on distal +5, 5. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 15, 16; metatarsus 17, + +femur. — +Legs +. 1423. Legs strongly hirsute. + + +15; tibia p9 r10, p10 r9. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 0, + +patella 0, tibia 3, metatarsus 1, tarsus 7. Leg II: femur 0, +patella p1, tibia 3 (p2), metatarsus 13, tarsus 8. Leg III: femur +0, patella pd6, tibia 7 (p3 r2), metatarsus 19 (p6 r2), tarsus +10. Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 1, metatarsus 13, tarsus + +15. — +Abdomen +. Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. Lengths: total 5.24; basal segment 2.21, middle + + +1.31, apical 1.72. Apical segment width 0.88. — +Genitalia +. + +Basal two thirds of spermathecae wide, apical third narrower. +Length 1.09, width 0.72. + + + +Distribution +. Southwestern region of the Great Dividing + + +Range in +New South Wales +(Fig. 44). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFD8FF96C46F92C153CEF9A2.xml b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFD8FF96C46F92C153CEF9A2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..19853e2aab0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFD8FF96C46F92C153CEF9A2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae) + + + +Author + +Gray, Michael R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2010 + +2010-11-24 + + +62 + + +3 + + +285 +392 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 + +journal article +10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 +2201-4349 +5298014 + + + + + + + +Hadronyche tambo + +n.sp. + + + + +Figures 44–46; +Table 13 + + + + +Etymology +. The specific epithet is taken from the Tambo + + + +River in Gippsland +, +Victoria + +. + + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +AMS +KS8341 +, +10 +km north of +Bairnsdale +, +Victoria +, + + + + +37°49'S +147°37'E +, + +February 1980 + +, +C. Brimblecombe. +Paratypes +. +Victoria + +. + + +Males +: + +AMS +KS10595 +, +3 +km NW.of +Bairnsdale +, + +13 January 1983 + +, +N. Barton + +; + + + +AMS +KS10561 +, Butchers Ridge, via Buchan, +37°15'S +148°14'E +, December + + + +1982, N. Barton; + +AMS +KS14336 +, +Granite Rock, NE +.of Bairnsdale, +37°45'S + + + + +147°39'E +, + +28 April 1984 + +; +K11081 +( +MV +), Nowa Nowa, Vic + +., +37°44'S + + + +148°06'E +, + +23 November 1964 + +; +AMS +KS16275 + +, + +Bairnsdale area + +, +37°50'S + + + +147°37'E +, + +Dec 1985 + +; +AMS +KS8362 + +, Sarsfield, +37°45'S +147°43'E +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFDEFFE3C41990E553BCFE6F.xml b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFDEFFE3C41990E553BCFE6F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a507075a87 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFDEFFE3C41990E553BCFE6F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,4286 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae) + + + +Author + +Gray, Michael R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2010 + +2010-11-24 + + +62 + + +3 + + +285 +392 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 + +journal article +10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 +2201-4349 +5298014 + + + + + + + +Hadronyche monaro + +n.sp. + + + + +Figures 47–49; +Table 14 + + + + +Etymology +. The specific epithet refers to the Monaro region of +New South Wales +. + + +Figure 47. + +Hadronyche monaro + +, male: ( +A +) sternum, labium and +Types +. +Holotype +male:AMS KS8744, Sawpit Creek, Kosciuszko National maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) spinnerets; Park, +New South Wales +, +28°22'S +152°49'E +, J. Gold, +February 1982 +. ( +D +) cheliceral groove teeth; ( +E +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, +Paratypes +(all AM). +New South Wales +. +Males +:AMS KS6647, Sawpit Creek, dorsal; ( +F +) palp, prolateral; ( +G +) leg II, prolateral. Scale lines +1 mm +. +Male +( +holotype +) — +Size +. Carapace length 6.23, width 6.08. inferior 1, 0. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 11, 8; metatarsus Abdomen length 7.24, width 5.23. — +Colour +. Basic colour 13, 10; tibia p6 r6, p5 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur d9, pattern. — +Carapace +. Slightly longer than wide, cephalic patella 2 (p1 v1), tibia 25, metatarsus 23, tarsus 9. Leg II: area moderately raised. Height 2.95. Frontal width 4.67. femur d6, patella p2, tibia 7, metatarsus 13, tarsus 9. Leg III: Fovea procurved, anterior margin weakly notched. Mid- femur d2, patella 12 (p10 r2), tibia 17 (p4 r4), metatarsus dorsal cephalic setae do not reach fovea. Anterior strial 25, tarsus 13. Leg IV: femur d4 (bristle-like), patella r1, tibia setae absent. Anterolateral carapace angle with small, weak 6 (p1 r3), metatarsus 23, tarsus 21. — +Abdomen +. Sparsely bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye region slightly raised. Eye group covered with weak bristles and hairs. Posterior lateral width 1.76. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.66, anterior spinnerets with medium length apical segment. Lengths: total width 0.80, posterior width 1.14. Diameters: AME 0.20, 2.34; basal segment 1.00, middle 0.58; apical 0.76. Apical ALE 0.33, PLE 0.20, PME 0.16. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral segment width 0.32. groove short, of medium width, margins diverging distally. Groove length 1.85, middle width 0.41. Cheliceral teeth: +Distribution +. East of the Snowy Mountains in the 19 central, occupying full length of groove; 9 prolateral; Eucumbene/Jindabyne region of +New South Wales +(Fig. 49). 9 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Almost as long as wide, not indented apically. Length 1.28, width 1.29. Labiosternal + + +Hadronyche mascordi + +n.sp. + +sigilla narrowed toward midline. Cuspules c. 226, number moderate. — +Sternum +. Ovoid. Length 4.08, width 3.22. Figures 49–52; +Tables 15 +, +34 +Posterior sigilla oval, broad. — +Palp +. Tegular area wider than long. Embolus of moderate length and width; shaft straight +Etymology +. The species is named for Ramon Mascord— to slightly curved, weakly tapered distally. Distal part of author, photographer and student of Australian spiders. embolus weakly twisted and flange rather short. Embolus + + + +Figure 48. + +Hadronyche monaro + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS1571, RHS; +B,C +, AMS KS6646): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.2 mm, except +A +0.3 mm and +J +0.1 mm. + + + + +Table 14 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche monaro + +(n = 3). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratio
CL*6.23–6.436.33Mt1S23–3027CW/CL0.97
CW6.08–6.206.14Ta1S*7–98CH/CW0.49
CH2.95–3.083.02Ti2S*7–119CFW/CL0.74
CFW4.65–4.674.66STC2teeth10–1111CHGW/L0.21
ChGL1.85–1.941.90BulbL2.05–2.192.14SW/SL0.84
ChGW0.37–0.410.39EmbL1.34–1.421.38LL/LW*0.97
ChGCT19–2623BulbW0.81–0.930.87PLSAPW/L0.43
LL1.02–1.281.15EmbmidW0.18–0.200.19BulbW/EmbL0.63
LW1.07–1.291.18PalpTibL2.50–3.002.85EmbmidW/L0.14
CUSP*143–226185PalpTibW1.46–1.501.48PalpTibW/L0.52
SL3.86–4.083.96PalpTibS0—BulbL/TibL0.75
SW3.22–3.423.32PalpPatS0—
PLSAPW0.32–0.460.39PalpFemS0–32
PLSAPL0.76–1.060.91
Fe1S2–96
Pa1S2–6 (p1–2)5
+ + + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +AMS +KS2065 +, Somersby, via Gosford, New South + + +slightly offset from tegulum. Bulb length 2.19, width 0.93. + + + +Wales +, +33°21'S +151°17'E +, +L. Abra +, + +October 1978 + +. +Paratypes +(all +AM +). +Embolus +length 1.42, midwidth 0.18. +Length +of femur 2.86, New + +South Wales. +Males + +: +AMS +KS13393 +, +Kulnura + +, + +33°13'S +151°13'E +, 25 patella 1.40, tibia 3.00. +Width +of tibia 1.46. +Spination +: femur + +October 1983 + +; +AMS +KS13401 +, +Kulnura + +, + +33°13'S +151°13'E +, + +September 1983 + +, 2, patella 0, tibia 0. A few sinuous bristles on distal femur. +Nelson +and +Rodgers +; +AMS +KS4102 +, +Somersby + +, + +33°21'S +151°17'E +, 3 + +October — +Legs +. + +4123 + +. + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total +1 5.04 2.50 4.12 3.77 2.26 17.69 +2 4.76 2.38 3.76 3.47 2.26 16.63 +3 4.22 1.81 2.61 3.33 2.31 14.28 +4 5.03 2.38 3.69 4.22 2.85 18.17 + +Tibia I +width 0.94. Femora I and II with dorsal spines. Leg + +I unmodified. Tibia II without apophysis, weakly excavated distoventrally; ventral spines grouped in proximal half. + +Metatarsus II weakly sinuous with a small spined midventral apophyseal swelling. Metatarsus IV slightly enlarged distally, concavely arched dorsally. Anterior coxal hairs normal. Tarsal scopulae: legs I, II weak; legs III, IV moderate to strong. Distal metatarsal scopulae: legs I–III absent to weak; leg IV moderately developed, extending to midventral Figure 49. Collection records for + +Hadronyche monaro + +(squares) metatarsus. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 11, 10, and + +H. mascordi + +(circles) + + +1979, + +R +. +Mascord + +; + +AMS +KS8571 +, +Somersby +, +33°21'S +151°17'E + +, + +12 +October +width 1.22. +Diameters +: AME 0.25, ALE 0.42, PLE 0.33, 1981, +L.Abra + +; + +AMS +KS4108 +, +Somersby +, +33°21'S +151°17'E +, + +3 October 1979 + + +, + +PME +0.30. — + +Chelicerae +. Anterodorsal + +paturon bristles +K. Mascord + +; + +AMS +KS991 +, +Somersby +, +33°21'S +151°17'E +, + +November 1956 + + +, + + +J. + +V +. +Brown + +. + +AMS +KS7335 +, +Somersby +, +33°21'S +151°17'E +, 12 +September +rather short. +Cheliceral +groove moderately short and wide, 1956, + +J. Brown. +Females + + +: + +AMS +KS15749 +, +Kariong +, near +Gosford +, +33°26'S +margins diverging distally. +Groove +length 1.69, middle +151°18'E +, +L. Abra +, + +October 1984 + + +; + +AMS +KS14381 +, +Kulnura +, +33°13'S +width 0.42. +Cheliceral +teeth: 7 central, running full length +151°13'E +, + +23 March 1984 + + +, M. Gray; + +AMS +KS14757 +, +Kariong +, +33°26'S +of groove; 8 prolateral; 6 retrolateral. — + +Labium +. Short + +— +151°18'E +, + +4 June 1984 + + +; + +AMS +KS14234 +, +Kulnura +, +33°13'S +151°13'E +, 10 length 0.98, width 1.39. +Labium +fused posteromedially with + +April 1984 + + +, B. Thomas; + +AMS +KS14233 +, +Kulnura +, +33°13'S +151°13'E +, 10 + + + +April 1984, B. Thomas; + +AMS +KS14551 +, +Kulnura +, +33°13'S +151°13'E +, 21 sternum. +Labiosternal +sigilla reduced to a weak, transverse + +March 1984 + + +, E. Thompson; + +AMS +KS14226 +, +Kulnura +, +33°13'S +151°13'E +, line suture flanked by two small lateral sigilla. +Cuspules +c. + +5 April 1984 + + +; + +AMS +KS14547 +, +Kariong +, +33°26'S +151°18'E +, + +13 April 1984 + + +. 209, covering most of ventral labium, number moderate. + + +— +Sternum +. Ovoid. Raised anteriorly and continuous with + +Other material examined. +New South Wales +(males) + +: labium. Length 3.81, width 2.82. Posterior sigilla very small, + +AMS +KS13394 +, +Kulnura +, + +25 October 1983 + + +; + +AMS +KS13399 +, ovoid to elongate. — + +Palp +. Tegular area + +slightly wider than +Kulnura +, + +September 1983 + + +; + +AMS +KS13400 +, +Kulnura +, long. +Embolus +shaft short, tapering, weakly curved. +Distal + +September 1983 + + +; + +AMS +KS13377 +, +Somersby +, 14 +September +embolus weakly to moderately twisted, often with a subdistal 1983, +K. Gould + +; + +AMS +KS1929 +, +Somersby +, + +October 1978 + + +, + +L. “notch”. +Embolus +moderately offset from tegulum. +Bulb Abra + +; + +AMS +KS23333 +, +Kulnura–Somersby area +. length 2.10, width 0.84. +Embolus +length 1.34, midwidth + + + +0.15. Length of femur 2.70, patella 1.40, tibia 2.68. Width +Diagnosis +. CL 5.54–6.68 (male). Small +Atracinae +. Differs of tibia 1.22. Spination: femur 1; few weak sinuous bristles from other atracine species in having a short labium (LW/ on distal femur. — +Legs +. 4123. + +LL 0.64) that is fused with the sternum posteromedially +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total (Figs. 50A, 51A). + +1 5.11 2.38 3.81 3.03 1.97 16.30 +Male +( +holotype +) — +Size +. Carapace length 6.19, width 5.68. 2 4.88 2.42 3.90 2.69 1.89 15.78 + + +3 4.10 1.91 2.95 3.03 2.13 14.12 Abdomen length 6.07, width 4.51. — +Colour +. Basic colour + +4 5.08 2.15 4.04 3.81 2.50 17.58 pattern, dark brown to black. Abdomen with 4–5 pairs of small distinct chevron markings on lateral dorsal abdomen. + +Tibia I +width 0.88. All femora with dorsal spines. Metatarsus — +Carapace +. Slightly longer than wide, strongly raised. + +I normal to slightly thickened proximally. Tibia II lacking Height 3.01. Frontal width 4.63. Fovea procurved. Mid- +apophysis, spines centrally-proximally placed. Metatarsus dorsal cephalic setae numerous, reach fovea. Anterior strial +II weakly sinuous, with a small mid-ventral swelling. setae present. Anterolateral angle of carapace with strong + +Coxal hairs normal. Tarsal and distal metatarsal scopulae: bristles. — +Eyes +. Sessile. Eye group width 1.74. Median + +weak to absent on legs I, II; well developed on legs III, IV. ocular quadrangle length 0.62, anterior width 0.79, posterior +Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 13, 13; inferior 6, 5. +Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 8, 9; metatarsus 12, 10; tibia + +p6 r6, p6 r6. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur d4, patella 0, + + + +Figure 51. + +Hadronyche mascordi + +, female: ( +A +) sternum, labium Figure 50. + +Hadronyche mascordi + +, male: ( +A +) sternum, labium and and maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) cheliceral spermathecae; ( +D +) spinnerets; ( +E +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, groove teeth; ( +D +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +E +) leg II, dorsal; ( +F +) leg III, prolateral, patella, tibia, metatarsus; ( +G +) prolateral; ( +F +) palp, prolateral; ( +G +) spinnerets. Scale lines 1 mm. cheliceral groove teeth. Scale lines 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 52. + +Hadronyche mascordi + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS23333; +B,C +, AMS KS7335): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: +A,E,F,I +, 0.3 mm, +B +1.0 mm, +D,G,H +0.2 mm and +J,K +0.1 mm. + + + + +Table 15 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche mascordi + +(n = 8). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL*5.54–6.686.27Mt1S22–4333CW/CL0.970.061
CW5.60–6.265.96Ta1S9–2414CH/CW*0.500.018
CH2.83–3.223.00Ti2S*8–1310CFW/CL0.770.036
CFW4.63–5.334.81STC2teeth13–1414CHGW/L0.220.022
ChGL1.69–1.861.80BulbL1.95–2.132.06SW/SL0.750.026
ChGW0.33–0.460.40EmbL1.25–1.391.32LL/LW*0.640.051
ChGCT7–1812BulbW0.84–0.950.89PLSAPW/L*0.510.066
LL0.8–1.030.94EmbmidW0.12–0.160.14BulbW/EmbL* 0.680.033
LW1.39–1.581.47PalpTibL2.68–3.002.88EmbmidW/L0.110.008
CUSP194–260223PalpTibW1.22–1.411.31PalpTibW/L0.450.01
SL3.73–4.353.95PalpTibS0—BulbL/TibL0.710.031
SW2.70–3.052.94PalpPatS0—
PLSAPW0.33–0.410.37PalpFemS1–32
PLSAPL0.60–0.870.75
Fe1S2–54
Pa1S*00
+ + +tibia 10, metatarsus 30, tarsus 11. Leg II: femur d5, patella patella p4, tibia 8 (p4 r2), metatarsus 23 (p6 r3), tarsus 13. p1, tibia 10, metatarsus 13, tarsus 15. Leg III: femur d2, Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 3, metatarsus 21, tarsus patella p4, tibia 10 (p5 r2), metatarsus 19, tarsus 18. Leg 21. — +Abdomen +. Sparse cover of weak hairs and bristles. IV: femur d5, patella 0, tibia 6, metatarsus 20, tarsus 16. Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. — +Abdomen +. Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical Lengths: total 2.58, basal segment 1.53, middle 0.82, apical segment. Lengths: total 1.99; basal segment 0.76, middle 0.82.Apical segment width 0.55. — +Genitalia +. Spermathecae 0.50, apical 0.73. Apical width 0.38. short, bluntly conical, lateral margins sloping medially; wide basally, separated by about half basal width. Length 0.75, + + +Female +( +paratype +AMS KS15749) — + + +Size +. Carapace + +length width 0.68. 7.14, width 7.04. +Abdomen +length 12.50, width 8.78. — + +Colour +. Basic + +colour pattern. — + +Carapace +. Almost + +as + +Distribution +. Kulnura + +/ +Somersby region +, +Central +Coast +, +New +wide as long; strongly raised, broad frontally. +Height +3.81; +South Wales +(Fig. 49). frontal width 6.05. +Cephalic +length 5.44. +Fovea +procurved. +Mid-dorsal +cephalic setae reach fovea. +Anterior +strial setae + +Comments +. A + +female spider from +Kulnura +, NSW was present. +Anterolateral +carapace angle with a few bristles. collected (apparently dead) in her burrow with 14 young — + +Eyes +. Central + +eye region slightly raised. +Eye +group width (KS14551). +These +“spiderlings” were remarkable because 2.11. +Diameters +: AME 0.22, ALE 0.46, PLE 0.34, +PME +of their large size—their mean carapace length was 4.0 mm, 0.28. +Interdistances +: AME–AME 0.37, AME–ALE 0.20, compared with 8.0 mm for the female. ALE–PLE 0.26, PLE– +PME +0.14, +PME +– +PME +0.95. +Median +ocular quadrangle length 0.73, anterior width 0.91, posterior width 1.45. — + +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral + +groove margins diverge distally. +Groove +length 2.31, middle width 0.65. +Cheliceral + + +Hadronyche nimoola + +n.sp. + +teeth: 22 central in a single row occupying full length of groove; 8 prolateral; 6 retrolateral. — + +Labium +. Short + +(length +Figures 53 +–56; +Tables 16 +, +34 +1.09, width 1.67), fused with sternum as in male; anterior margin not indented. +Cuspules +distributed over most of + +Etymology +. The + +specific epithet is taken from an aboriginal ventral labium. — + +Sternum +. Ovoid + +, fused anteriorly with word for a steep slope, a reference to the caput profile of labium, surface strongly convex. +Length +4.62, width 3.81. this species. +Posterior +sternal sigilla small, narrow and elongate: length 0.61, width 0.21. — + +Palp +. Spination + +: tibia 0 (strong bristles), + + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +AMS +KS867 +, +Batemans Bay +, +New South Wales +, + +35°43'S +150°13'E +, J. +R +. Mylott, + +3 March 1973 + +. +Paratypes +(all +AM +). New + + + + +tarsus 6. +Tarsal +claw with 8 teeth. +Trichobothria +: tibia p5 r6, + +South Wales +Males + +: +AMS +KS2276 +Benandarah State Forest +, +35°39'S + + + +tarsus 10. — +Legs +. 4123. Legs I and + +IV +subequal. +150°15'E +, + +30 November 1978 + +– + +4 January 1979 + +, +C. Horseman + +; + +AMS +KS863 +, +Bermagui +, +36°25'S +150°04'E +, +K. Walker + +; + +AMS +KS12124 +, +Bondi State + + + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total Forest, nr.Bombala, +37°06'S +149°15'E +, +26 January 1981 +, G. Gowing +et al +.; + + +1 5.66 2.99 4.11 3.32 2.21 18.29 + +AMS +KS2665 +, +Bowral +, +34°28'S +150°25'E +, + +7 February 1979 + + +, G. Goodfellow; 2 5.10 2.79 3.88 3.18 2.18 17.13 + +AMS +KS2081 +, +Crookwell +, +34°27'S +149°28'E +, + +28 November 1978 + + +, + +L.E. 3 4.22 1.97 2.48 2.89 2.24 13.80 +Willis + +; + +AMS +KS862 +, +Narooma +, +36°12'S +150°08'E +, + +14 February 1971 + + +, 4 5.58 2.58 3.89 3.77 2.48 18.30 B. Plunkett-Cole; + +AMS +KS88199 +, +Exeter +, +34°36'S +150°19'E +, + +21 January 2004 + + +; + +AMS +KS3876 +, +Narooma +, +36°13'S +150°08'E +, + +January 1979 + + +, B.H. + + + +Plunkett-Cole. +Females +: +AMS +KS4664 +, Bundanoon, +34°39'S +150°18'E + +, + + +Tibia I + +width 1.20. +Metatarsus +I proximal width 0.86. +Coxal February +, 1980; +AMS +KS16446 +, +Bermagui +, +36°25'S +150°04'E + +, + +K. +Walker +; setae unmodified. +Tarsal +claw teeth legs I, +II +: superior 10, +AMS +KS12139 +, +Bondi State Forest +, nr. +Bombala +, +37°06'S +149°15'E + +, + +26 10; inferior 5, 5. +Trichobothria +legs I, +II +: tarsus 11, 11; + +January 1981 + +, G. +Gowing +et al +.; +AMS +KS6163 +, +Bowral +, +34°28'S +150°25'E + +, + + +October 1980 + +, +H.Styles +; +AMS +KS6825 +, +Grabben Gullen +, +34°32'S +149°24'E + +, + + + +metatarsus 13, 10; tibia p6 r6. — + +Leg +spination + +. +Leg I +: femur + +16 December 1980 + +, +R +. +Chown +; +AMS +KS4506 +, Moruya, +35°54'S +150°06'E + +, + + +0, patella 0, tibia 1, metatarsus 6, tarsus 5. Leg + +II +: femur 0, + +January 1980 + + +; + +AMS +KS3625 +, +Narooma +, +36°12'S +150°08'E +, + +15 June 1971 + + +, patella 0, tibia 2, metatarsus 11, tarsus 7. Leg + +III +: femur 0, J. +Cobcroft + +. + + +Other material examined. + + +New South Wales +(males) + +: +AMS +KS2032 +, pattern. — + +Carapace +. About + +as wide as long, strongly raised. +Benandarah State Forest +, + +5 October 1978 + +– + +2 November 1978 + +, +C.Horseman +; Height 3.61. Frontal width 5.99. Fovea broad, procurved, +AMS +KS867 +, +Bateman’s Bay +, + +3 March 1973 + +; +AMS +KS12150 +, +Bondi State Forest +, near Bombala, + +26 January 1981 + +, +G. Gowing +et al +.; +AMS +KS3460 +, anterior margin weakly indented. Mid-dorsal cephalic +Yass River +, + +30 July 1966 + +, +A.B.Thompson +; +AMS +KS6163 +, Bowral, October setae small, closely spaced, reach, or almost reach, fovea. 1980, +H. Styles +; +AMS +KS13806 +, Bundanoon, + +5 February 1984 + +, +W. Nooijen +; Anterior strial setae absent. Anterolateral angle of carapace +AMS +KS6825 +, Grabben Gullen, + +16 December 1980 + +, +R +. Chown; +AMS +with weak bristles. — +Eyes +. Sessile to slightly raised in +KS7567 +, Grabben Gullen, + +23 October 1980 + +, +R +. Chown; +AMS +KS2117 +, central eye region. Eye group width 2.32. Median ocular +Kioloa State Forest +, + +2 November 1978 + +– + +30 November 1978 + +, +C. Horseman +; +AMS +KS2293 +, +Kioloa State Forest +, + +30 November 1978 + +– + +4 January 1979 + +, quadrangle length 0.78, anterior width 1.05, posterior +C. Horseman +; +AMS +KS1163 +, Mittagong, + +13 January 1978 + +, +M. Johnson +; width 1.60. +Diameters +: AME 0.33, ALE 0.47, PLE 0.37, +AMS +KS6275 +, +Moss + + +Vale +, + +27 December 1980 + +, +J. Kelly +; +AMS +KS868 +& +PME +0.25. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove broad, margins 869, Nerrigundah, + +December 1945 + +, +V +. Haskell; +AMS +KS861 +, +Narooma +, diverging distally. +Groove +length 2.28, middle width 0.52. + +16 November 1974 + +, +B. Plunkett-Cole + +. + + +New South Wales +(females) + +: +AMS +KS1865 +, +Bega +, + +24 January 1976 + +, +H.W. Kemp +; +AMS +KS1867 +, Bermagui, Cheliceral teeth: 16 central, running full length of groove; + +May 1964 + +, +K.Walker +; +AMS +KS11996 +, +Bondi State Forest +, near Bombala, 14 9 prolateral; 11 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Wider than long. + +November 1980 + +, +G. Gowing +et al +.; +AMS +KS1872 +, +Bowral, H.H +. Florence; Length 1.44, width 1.66. Labiosternal sigilla narrowed in +AMS +KS1873 +, Bundanoon, + +8 January 1952 + +, +N.C. de Meyrick +; Merimbula, midline. Cuspules c. 234, number moderate. — +Sternum +. + +5 June 1964 + +( +MV +); +AMS +KS4777 +, Mittagong, + +June 1937 + +, +A. Livingstone +; Ovoid, broad. Setae weak. Length 4.35, width 3.65. Posterior +AMS +KS2961 +, +Narooma +, + +29 April 1979 + +, +A. Brown + +. + + +Australian Capital Territory +(male) + +: +AMS +KS13824 +, +Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve +, 9 +March +sigilla elongate, ovoid. — + +Palp +. Tegular area + +wider than 1978, +P. Ormay. +long. +Embolus +rather short, strongly tapered distally, weakly curved. +Distal +part moderately twisted, embolic groove + + + + + +Diagnosis +. CL 5.85–7.22 (male). Small atracine spiders sometimes rather wide. Embolus weakly to moderately without leg II apophyses. Differs from most + +Hadronyche + +offset from tegulum. Bulb length 2.43, width 0.99. Embolus spp. by caput being high and wide, almost bulbous ( +CH +/CW: length 1.61, midwidth 0.18. Length of femur 3.50, patella male 0.53 [ +Fig. 53A +], female 0.61 [Fig. 54B]), and having 1.45, tibia 3.49. Width of tibia 1.64. Spination: femur with relatively few STC teeth (7–9) on tarsi I, II; from + +H. mascordi + +7 sinuous bristle-like spines, tibia with 2 bristle-like spines. by having an entire labiosternal sigilla; from + +lamingtonensis +—Legs + +. 4123. group species by having a long central cheliceral tooth row. + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total +1 6.23 3.01 4.80 4.26 2.65 20.95 + +Male +( +holotype +) — +Size +. Carapace length 7.01, width 7.30. + +2 5.66 2.87 4.43 3.90 2.46 19.32 + +Abdomen length 8.44, width 6.03. — +Colour +. Basic colour + +3 4.82 2.34 3.28 3.62 2.65 16.71 +4 6.10 2.88 4.92 4.74 3.15 21.79 + +Tibia I +width 1.15. Femur I with few or no dorsal spines; femur II usually with spines, occasionally none; femora III and IV with spines. Legs I and II unmodified, spines small, scattered. Metatarsus IV thickened distally, concavely arched dorsally.Anteromedial hairs on coxae I, II usually thickened Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total basally. Tarsal and distal metatarsal scopulae moderately 1 6.11 3.36 4.18 3.28 2.12 19.05 developed on legs I, II; strongly developed on legs III, IV. 2 5.45 3.20 3.62 3.03 2.26 17.56 Metatarsi IV scopulae extend to mid ventral area. Tarsal 3 4.58 2.36 2.59 2.83 2.35 14.71 claw teeth legs I, II: superior 7, 8: inferior 0, 0. Trichobothria 4 6.15 3.77 4.63 3.98 2.74 21.27 legs I, II: tarsus 11, 10, metatarsus 13, 13; tibia p6 r6, p6 r6. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 0, patella p1, tibia 11 (p3), +Tibia I +width 1.48. Metatarsus I proximal width 1.03. Coxae metatarsus 25, tarsus 22. Leg II: femur d5, patella p1, tibia I, II with basally thickened and thorn-like setae anteriorly. 17, metatarsus 32, tarsus 23. Leg III: femur d6, patella 33 Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 7, 7; inferior 2, 2. (p26 r7), tibia 22 (p7, r2, d2), metatarsus 40, tarsus 27. Leg Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 11, 11, metatarsus 12, 11; tibia IV: femur d7, patella r5, tibia 8 (r1 d2), metatarsus 22, tarsus p6 r5, p6 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 35. — +Abdomen +. Sparse, fine hair cover, bristles lacking or 1, metatarsus 10, tarsus 7. Leg II: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 1, very weak. Posterior lateral spinnerets with moderately metatarsus 14, tarsus 7. Leg III; femur 0, patella pd 20, tibia short apical segment. Lengths: total 2.88; basal segment 12 (p6 r3), metatarsus 33 (p14 r6), tarsus 15. Leg IV: femur 1.32; middle 0.58; apical 0.98. Apical segment width 0.48. 0, patella 0, tibia 1, metatarsus 14, tarsus 7. — +Abdomen +. + + + +Figure 53. + +Hadronyche nimoola + +, male: ( +A +) cephalothorax Figure 54. + +Hadronyche nimoola + +, female: ( +A +) sternum, labium and chelicerae, lateral; ( +B +) sternum, labium and maxilla; ( +C +) and maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +D +) palp, prolateral; ( +E +) leg spermathecae; ( +D +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +E +) II, prolateral (NB, dorsal femoral spines present or absent); ( +F +) cheliceral groove teeth; ( +F +) spinnerets; ( +G +) leg III, prolateral, cheliceral groove teeth; ( +G +) spinnerets. Scale lines 1 mm. patella, tibia, metatarsus. Scale lines 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 55. + +Hadronyche nimoola + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS88199; +B,C +, AMS KS3876): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.2 mm, except +B +0.5 mm and +E,G +0.3 mm. + + + + +Table 16 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche nimoola + +(n = 17). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL*5.85–7.226.62Mt1S6–2517CW/CL*1.010.032
CW6.07–7.466.72Ta1S6–2213CH/CW*0.530.029
CH*3.20–4.033.56Ti2S*4–1810CFW/CL*0.830.042
CFW4.81–6.235.5STC2*teeth7–98CHGW/L0.240.041
ChGL1.97–2.562.17BulbL2.14–2.702.38SW/SL*0.880.034
ChGW0.42–0.780.51EmbL1.30–1.751.54LL/LW0.850.053
ChGCT9–2617BulbW0.90–1.400.99PLSAPW/L0.450.029
LL1.06–1.601.28EmbmidW0.12–0.180.15BulbW/EmbL0.640.053
LW1.34–1.681.49PalpTibL2.65–3.773.21EmbmidW/L0.100.012
CUSP160–281219PalpTibW1.44–1.741.58PalpTibW/L0.490.031
SL3.82–4.674.12PalpTibS0–2<1BulbL/TibL0.740.029
SW3.25–4.143.63PalpPatS0—
PLSAPW0.38–0.490.42PalpFemS0–41
PLSAPL0.82–1.200.95
Fe1S0–5<1
Pa1S0–3<1
+ + +Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. +Female +( +paratype +AMS KS4664) — +Size +. Carapace length Lengths: total 3.95; basal segment 1.79, middle 0.87, apical 8.74, width 8.65. Abdomen length 12.24, width 8.30. — 1.29. Apical segment width 0.69. — +Genitalia +. Spermathecae +Colour +. Basic colour pattern. — +Carapace +. About as long as short, digitiform, well separated basally (by slightly more wide, cephalic area broad and very strongly raised. Height than basal spermatheca width); diverge toward rounded and 5.08; frontal width 7.84. Cephalic length 6.90. Fovea wide, slightly enlarged apices. Length 0.87, width 0.44. deeply procurved, anterior margin indented. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae variable, may or may not reach fovea. Anterior +Distribution +. Southern highland and south coastal regions strial setae absent. Anterolateral carapace angle with several of +New South Wales +(Fig. 56). weak bristles. — +Eyes +. Eye region sessile. Eye group width 2.76. Diameters: AME 0.28, ALE 0.47, PLE 0.38, PME 0.24. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.55, AME–ALE 0.43, A.L.E–PLE 0.40, PLE–PME 0.26, PME–PME 1.36. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.88, anterior width 1.17, posterior width 1.88. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove wide, margins diverging distally. Groove length 2.83, middle width 0.74. Cheliceral teeth: 36 central, occupying full length of groove in irregular double row; 11 prolateral; 9 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Slightly wider than long, anterior margin weakly or not indented. Length 2.10, width 2.46. Cuspules occupy anterior two-thirds of labium. Labiosternal sigilla entire, narrow. — +Sternum +. Broad, subcircular. Length 5.78, width 5.08. Anterolateral angles with a few short, basally thickened, bristle-like setae. Posterior sigilla long, ovoid: length 1.31, width 0.49. — +Palp +. Spination: tibia 1, tarsus 8. Trichobothria: tibia p6 r5, tarsus 14. Tarsal claws with 6 teeth. — +Legs +. 4123. Figure 56. Collection records for + +Hadronyche nimoola + +(squares) + + +and + +H. modesta + +(circles). + + + + +Hadronyche modesta +(Simon) + +Male + +(AMS KS8475, Lilydale, +14 May 1980 +). — +Size +. + + +Carapace length 6.40, width 6.10. Abdomen length 5.85, Figures 56–59; +Tables 17 +, +34 +width 6.12. — +Colour +. Basic colour pattern. — +Carapace +. + + +Slightly longer than wide, cephalic area moderately raised. + +Atrax modesta +Simon, 1891: 302 + +. Hogg, 1901: 272. Main, Height 2.68, frontal width 4.16. Fovea slightly procurved. 1985: 41. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae few, do not reach fovea. Anterior + +Hadronyche modesta + +.–Gray, 1988: 114 (transferred from strial setae absent. Anterolateral carapace angle with a + +Atrax + +). few very weak bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye region raised. + + +Types +. + +Holotype +female: +MNHN +, +Paris +(not seen). +Melbourne +, +Victoria +. +Eye +group width 1.82. +Median +ocular quadrangle length + + + + +0.64, anterior width 0.86, posterior width 1.14. +Diameters +: + +Other +material examined. +Victoria +(males) + +: +Ellinbank +via +Warragul +, 11 AME 0.28, ALE 0.32, PLE 0.22, +PME + + +0.14. — + +Chelicerae +. + + +May 1962 + +, +J. Copley +( +MV +); +AMS +KS8471 + +, + +Emerald +, + +3 April 1978 + +; +AMS + + +Cheliceral +groove margins subparallel to weakly divergent. +KS8472 + +, + +Emerald +, + +20 April 1979 + +; +Leongatha +, + +6 June 1963 + +, +I. Bissett +( +MV +) + +; + + + +AMS +KS7292 +, +Back Creek Rd. +, +Gembrook State Forest +, near +Gembrook +, +Groove +length 2.06, middle width 0.34. +Cheliceral +teeth: +Victoria +, +L. Gibson +, + +10 March 1981 + + +); + +Mirboo North + +15 April 1966 + + +, + +G.B. 23 central, occupying full length of groove; 8 prolateral, +Burr +( +MV +); +6 km +NE. of +Mirboo North +, + +26.iii.1967 + + +, + +J. Seebeck +( +MV +); 9 retrolateral. +Central +tooth row occasionally shorter + +. — + +AMS +KS8473 +, +Mount Eliza +, + +23 April 1979 + + +; + +AMS +KS8930 +, +Mount Tassie +, + +Labium +. Wider + +than long, apically indented. +Length +1.00, +Strezelecki Ranges +, + +25 March 1982 + + +, + +R +. +Waters + +; + +AMS +KS8933 +, +Tanjil South + +, + + +near Moe, +February 1982 +, + +N. Barton +; +AMS +KS8474 +, +Thorpdale +, 10 +April +width 1.38. +Labiosternal +sigilla narrowed toward midline. 1980; +Wright +, +SE of Emerald +, + +September 1951 + + +, + +C. Oke +( +MV +); +Yallourn +, +Slight +transverse groove behind cuspules. +Cuspules +c. 123, + +6 February 1963 + + +, + +J. Irving +( +MV +); +Yarra Junction +, + +4 May 1964 + + +, + +J. Mooney +number low-moderate. — + +Sternum +. Ovoid. Length + +4.01, ( +MV +); +Yarra Junction + +20 April 1964 + + +, + +J. Mooney +( +MV +). + +Victoria +(females) + +: width 3.28. +Posterior +sigilla elongate, narrow. — + +Palp +. + +AMS +KS10775 +, +Cockatoo +, + +10 October 1982 + + +,? + +McKelvey +; +AMS +KS8477 +, +Tegular area +wider than long. +Embolus +short and broad, +Ferny Creek +, + +6 October 1979 + + +; + +AMS +KS12618 +, +Hawthorn +, + +23 January 1983 + + +, + + + +M. Harvey +; +AMS +KS8476 +, +Milford +, + +26 October 1976 + + +; + +AMS +KS8339 +, almost straight, base moderately offset from tegulum; distal +Mirboo North +, + +Apr 1980 + + +; + +AMS +KS8932 +, +Moe area +, + +October 1981 + + +, + +N.Barton +; embolus straight, hardly twisted. +Bulb +length 2.26, width +AMS +KS8470 +, +Mount Evelyn +, +Lilydale Shire +, + +5 June 1979 + + +; + +AMS +KS8931 +, +1.03 +. +Embolus +length 1.37, midwidth 0.20. +Length +of femur +Newborough +, near +Moe +, + +March 1982 + + +, + +N. Barton +; +AMS +KS8926 +, +Sassafras +, 3.06, patella 1.36, tibia 3.18. +Width +of tibia 1.71. +Spination +: + +14 February 1982 + + +, + +N.Wentworth +; +AMS +KS10560 +, +Warragul +, + +January 1983 + + +, + + +N. Barton; AMS KS3386,Yinnar, +9 July 1979 +, N. Barton. femur 3, patella 4, tibia 0. Distal femur spined, sinuous bristles few to absent. — +Legs +. 4123. + + +Diagnosis +. CL 5.48–7.30 (male). Small atracine spiders with + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total leg II apophyseal swellings (Figs. 57G, 59H–K). Differs from + +1 6.16 2.69 4.82 4.45 2.75 20.87 + +H. meridiana + +and + +H. jensenae + +by having a short, straight + +2 5.91 2.61 4.82 4.20 2.75 20.29 embolus but with the distal part neither twisted nor angled, + +3 5.22 2.23 3.76 4.20 2.92 17.33 respectively ( +Fig. 59B,C +). Differs from other + +Hadronyche + + +4 6.32 2.72 5.24 5.44 3.48 23.20 spp. with leg II apophyses/swellings by having a relatively short labium (LL/LW 0.71) (Fig. 57E). + + +Figure 58. + +Hadronyche modesta + +, female: ( +A +) sternum, labium and Figure 57. + +Hadronyche modesta + +, male: ( +A +) cephalothorax and maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) spinnerets; chelicerae, dorsal; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) ( +D +) cheliceral groove teeth; ( +E +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, cheliceral groove teeth; ( +D +) spinnerets; ( +E +) sternum, labium and dorsal; ( +F +) spermathecae; ( +G +) leg III, prolateral, patella, tibia, maxilla; ( +F +) palp, prolateral; ( +G +) leg II, prolateral. Scale lines 1 mm. metatarsus. Scale lines 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 59. + +Hadronyche modesta + +, male (KS7292): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except +B +0.5 mm and +F,I,J +0.2 mm. + + + + +Table 17 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche modesta + +(n = 26). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL*5.48–7.306.24Mt1S20–4936CW/CL0.960.026
CW5.28–6.855.97Ta1S*15–4128CH/CW0.440.025
CH2.36–3.032.64Ti2S5–1913CFW/CL0.670.015
CFW3.73–4.964.20STC2*7–108CHGW/L0.170.011
ChGL1.76–2.242.01BulbL1.89–2.382.13SW/SL0.810.027
ChGW0.30–0.400.31EmbL1.12–1.411.28LL/LW*0.710.055
ChGCT8–2319BulbW0.91–1.151.03PLSAPW/L*0.510.053
LL0.76–1.150.95EmbmidW0.15–0.240.17BulbW/EmbL* 0.800.048
LW1.13–1.521.37PalpTibL2.53–3.593.06EmbmidW/L*0.150.014
CUSP*104–160129*PalpTibW1.39–1.831.55PalpTibW/L*0.520.023
SL3.50–4.703.93PalpTibS0–51BulbL/TibL0.700.024
SW2.84–3.793.19PalpPatS*3–95
PLSAPW0.27–0.520.36PalpFemS3–75
PLSAPL0.53–920.70
Fe1S3–85
Pa1S0–4 (p0)2
+ + +Tibia I +width 1.14. Femora I and II with dorsal spines. Leg Length 5.08, width 4.38. Posterior sigilla elongate, length I unmodified, tibial and metatarsal ventral spines numerous. 1.02, width 0.39. — +Palp +. Spination: tibia 1–3 ventral bristle- Patella I and II lack prolateral spines. Ventral tibia II weakly like spines, tarsus 9. Trichobothria: tibia p5 r4, tarsus 7. swollen and spinose proximally-centrally; with a few Tarsal claw with 5 teeth. — +Legs +. 1423. + +enlarged central spines; distal tibia II concave ventrally and +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total lacking spines (other than apical pair). Metatarsus II sinuous, +1 7.08 4.04 5.29 4.11 3.01 23.53 with a small, spined, midventral apophysis. Coxal setae +2 6.29 3.13 4.74 3.64 2.41 20.21 unmodified. Scopulae legs I–IV: tarsus, weak to moderate; +3 4.83 2.72 3.01 3.11 2.62 16.29 distal metatarsus, all weak. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: +4 6.30 3.70 4.82 4.32 3.05 22.19 superior 9, 8; inferior 0, 2. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 9, + +8; metatarsus 9, 9; tibia p5 r5, p6 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg + + +Tibia I +width 1.40. Metatarsus I proximal width 0.88. Coxal I: femur d4, patella 1, tibia 30, metatarsus 41, tarsus 32. Leg + +setae unmodified. Tibia I, II with no to few spines. Tarsal II: femur d4, patella 2, tibia 12, metatarsus 32, tarsus 32. +claw teeth legs I, II: superior 7, 8; inferior 0, 0. Trichobothria Leg III: femur d2 (plus strong bristles), patella p9, tibia 15 +legs I, II: tarsus 10, 9; metatarsus 10, 9; tibia p6 r6, p6 r5. (p1 r4), metatarsus 24, tarsus 31. Leg IV: femur 0 (strong + +— +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus bristles present), patella 0, tibia 12 (r3), metatarsus 21, tarsus + + +6, tarsus 12. Leg II: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus 32. — +Abdomen +. Posterior lateral spinnerets with short apical + +7, tarsus 16. Leg III: femur 0, patella pd13, tibia 5(p2 r1), segment. Lengths: total 2.01; basal segment 0.94; middle +metatarsus 17(pd4 rd2) tarsus 19. Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0.40; apical 0.67. Apical segment width 0.31. + + +0, tibia 0, metatarsus 12, tarsus 24. — +Abdomen +. Sparse cover of weak hairs and bristles. Posterior lateral spinnerets +Female +( +MV +K11082 +), +Hoddles Creek +, +Victoria +, +37°50'S +with short apical segment. Length: total 3.16; basal segment +145°36'E +, +S. Johnson +, + +18 October 1981 + +). — + +Size +. Carapace + +1.50, middle 0.67, apical 0.99. +Apical +segment width 0.56. length 7.48, width 7.11. +Abdomen +length 10.74, width 7.21. — + +Genitalia +. Spermathecae + +digitiform, short, apical third — + +Colour +. Basic + +colour pattern. +Anterodorsal +abdominal separated from basal two thirds by a slight constriction. sigilla prominent. — + +Carapace +. Slightly + +longer than wide, +Length +0.85, width. 0.41 + +. + + +strongly raised. Height 3.60. Frontal width 6.02. Cephalic length 5.57. Fovea strongly procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic +Distribution +. Melbourne/Dandenong Range region to setae few, reach only two-thirds way to fovea. Anterior eastern Gippsland, +Victoria +(Fig. 56). + + +strial setae absent. Anterolateral carapace angle with a few hairs, no bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye region weakly + + +Hadronyche meridiana +Hogg + + + +raised. Eye group width 1.97. Diameters: AME 0.25, ALE + +0.43, PLE 0.27, PME 0.18. Interdistances: AME–AME Figures 60–63; +Tables 18 +, +34 + +0.37, AME–ALE 0.26, ALE–PLE 0.28, PLE–PME 0.30, + +PME–PME 0.84. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.71, + +Hadronyche meridiana +Hogg, 1902: 122 + +. Original descripanterior width 0.81, posterior width 1.24. — +Chelicerae +. tion by Hogg (1901, 274) as mis-identified male of +H. + + +Paturon with sparse anterodorsal bristle cover. Cheliceral + +cerberea + +. + +groove moderately wide, margins diverging distally. Groove + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +BMNH 1903.2 +.10.6 ( +NHM +). +Mt. Macedon +, +Victoria +, length 2.65, middle width 0.68. +Cheliceral +teeth: 18 central, +37°23'S +144°35'E +, H. +R +. Hogg. + + + + +in single row occupying full length of groove, occasionally row shorter; 11 prolateral; 9 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Wider + +Other material examined. +New South Wales +(males) + +: +AMS +KS4503 +, than long, apically shallowly indented. Length 1.43, width Adelong, + +22 July 1980 + + +, + +M. Pearce +; +AMS +KS917 +, Kunama, + +10 January 1971 + + +; + + + +AMS +KS916 +, “Loch Haven”, +Wantagong +, 20 +June +971 + +, + +R +. +Flynn + +; + +AMS 2.01 +. +Cuspules +grouped on anterior half. +Labiosternal +sigilla + + +KS915 +, +Wantagong +, + +1 April 1971 + + +, + +R +. +Hunter + +; + +AMS +KS913 +, +Wondalga +, 23 slightly narrowed toward midline. — + +Sternum +. Broad + +, ovoid. + +September 1948 + + +, + +C.H. Jagoe. + +New South Wales +(females) + + +: + +AMS +KS4973 +, +Adelong +, + +10 January 1980 + + +, M. Pearce; + +AMS +KS6053 +, +Rosewood +, 20 varies from basal area only to full length of groove. — + +October 1980 + + +, + +D.M.Fordham. + +Victoria +(males) + + +: + +AMS +KS8488 +, +Baranduda +, + +Labium +. Wider + +than long, surface flattened. +Length +1.20, + +13 October 1978 + + +, A. McDonald; + +AMS +KS10771 +, +Lake Bolac +, + +June 1982 + + +, + + + +H. Parnaby +; +Avenel +, + +6 September 1963 + +( +MV +) + +; Benalla, +20 October 1968 + +width 1.58. +Labiosternal +sigilla narrowed centrally. +Cuspules +( +MV +); +Euroa +, + +19 June 1965 + +( +MV +) + +; + +Pranjip +, +Longwood area +, + +4 July 1965 + + + +c. 134, number low to moderate. — + +Sternum +. Ovoid. Length + +( +MV +); +AMS +KS8484 +, +Trawool +, near +Seymour +, + +15 August 1980 + + +, + +P May +4.20, width 3.24. Posterior sigilla ovoid. — + +Palp +. Tegular area + +Williams +; +Violet Town +, + +5 February 1980 + + +, + +A. Kube +( +MV +); +AMS +KS8485 +, slightly wider than long. +Embolus +of moderate length, rather +Willowmavin +,near +Kilmore +, + +29 April 1974 + + +. + + +Victoria +(females) + +: +Rutherglen +broad, weakly curved and tapered, with distal part twisted. +Research Institute +; +AMS +KS13651–3 +, +Shepparton +, + +15 January 1984 + + +, M. + + +Gardener; Violet Town, +5 February 1980 +, A. Kube (MV); AMS KS3399, Embolus base weakly to moderately offset from tegulum. Hall’s Gap, +26 March 1974 +, M. Gray. Bulb length 2.51, width 0.95. Embolus length 1.67, midwidth 0.30. Length of femur 3.24, patella 1.27, tibia 3.30. Width + + +Diagnosis +. CL 5.44–7.04. Small atracine spiders with weak of tibia 1.48. Spination: femur 5, patella 1, tibia 3. Sinuous apophyseal swellings on leg II (Figs. 60F, 62H–J). Differs bristles and spines present on distal femur. — +Legs +. 4123. from + +H. modesta + +and + +H. jensenae + +by having embolus apically Legs I, 2 subequal. + + +twisted ( +Fig. 62B,C +). Differs from other + +Hadronyche +spp. + + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total +with leg II apophyses/swellings by having a relatively short +1 6.15 2.87 4.59 4.48 2.99 21.08 +labium (LL/LW 0.78) (Fig. 60D). +2 5.82 2.81 4.84 4.43 3.05 20.95 +3 5.01 2.40 3.52 4.16 3.09 18.18 + +Male +(AMS KS8490), + +Avenel +, +Victoria +, +36°54'S +144°12'E +, 4 6.03 2.68 4.89 5.09 3.35 22.04 + +May 1981 + +). — +Size +. Carapace length 6.92, width 6.64 + +. + + +Abdomen length 7.17, width 5.23. — +Colour +. Basic colour + + +Tibia I +width 1.07. Femora I and II with dorsal spines; bristle- + + +pattern. — +Carapace +. Slightly longer than wide, cephalic area + +like spines on femora II, IV. Metatarsus I slightly thickened +moderately raised. Height 3.12. Frontal width 5.45. Fovea +near middle, large ventral spines grouped here. Metatarsus +straight to slightly procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae do +II sinuous with spined midventral apophysis. Tibia II with +not reach fovea. Anterior strial setae present. Anterolateral +weak, spined apophyseal swelling mid ventrally, ventral + +angle of carapace with weak bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye + +spines grouped with 2–4 central spines enlarged. Tibia II +region slightly raised. Eye group width 1.86. Median ocular +weakly excavated distally. Anterior coxal hairs normal. +quadrangle length 0.75, anterior width 0.96, posterior +Tarsal scopulae: leg I weak; legs II–IV moderate to strong. +width 1.24. Diameters: AME 0.32, ALE 0.46, PLE 0.43, +Distal metatarsal scopulae: legs I, II weak to absent, legs III, + +PME 0.20. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove rather narrow, + +IV moderate to strong. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior +margins subparallel. Groove length 2.35, middle width 0.38. +12, 11; inferior 2, 2. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 9, 9; + +Cheliceral teeth: 7 central ( +6 in +basal half, +1 in +distal half); + + +metatarsus 11, 8; tibia p5 r5, p6 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: + +12 prolateral; 12 retrolateral. Central tooth row distribution +femur d5, patella v1, tibia 26, metatarsus 33, tarsus 13. Leg +II: femur d4, patella p1, tibia 9, metatarsus 20, tarsus 13. Leg +III: femur d4 (bristle like), patella p7, metatarsus 17, tarsus +20. Leg IV: femur d5 (bristle like), patella 0, tibia 2 (d1), + +metatarsus 10, tarsus 19. — +Abdomen +. Sparsely covered with weak bristles and hairs with a pair of larger bristles above pedicel. Posterior lateral spinnerets with a rather short apical segment. Lengths: total 2.84; basal segment 1.24; middle + +0.74; apical 0.86. Apical segment width 0.46. + + +Figure 61. + +Hadronyche meridiana + +, female: ( +A +) sternum, labium and Figure 60. + +Hadronyche meridiana + +, male: ( +A +) spinnerets; ( +B +) maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) cheliceral cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) cheliceral groove teeth; groove teeth; ( +D +) spinnerets; ( +E +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, ( +D +) sternum, labium and maxilla; ( +E +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +F +) leg III, prolateral, patella, tibia, metatarsus; ( +G +) dorsal; ( +F +) leg II, prolateral; ( +G +) palp, prolateral. Scale lines 1 mm. spermathecae. Scale lines 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 62. + +Hadronyche meridiana + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS8485; +B,C +, Pranjip,Victoria, [MV]): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J +) metatarsus II, prolateral; ( +K +) femur II, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.2 mm, except +B +0.5 mm and +D,I,J +0.3 mm. + + + + +Table 18 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche meridiana + +(n = 12). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL*5.44–7.046.37Mt1S18–3727CW/CL0.980.035
CW5.51–6.646.26Ta1S7–2214CH/CW0.500.026
CH2.68–3.533.10Ti2S8–2012CFW/CL0.730.047
CFW4.15–5.454.68STC2teeth9–1210CHGW/L0.160.011
ChGL1.96–2.482.20BulbL2.11–2.542.68SW/SL0.780.028
ChGW0.27–0.420.35EmbL1.36–1.671.54LL/LW*0.780.02
ChGCT3–1610BulbW0.83–1.000.93PLSAPW/L0.470.055
LL0.96–1.241.09EmbmidW0.15–0.300.20BulbW/EmbL* 0.600.033
LW1.19–1.581.38PalpTibL2.74–3.303.07EmbmidW/L0.140.019
CUSP*117–191157PalpTibW1.26–1.531.41PalpTibW/L0.460.024
SL3.52–4.404.02PalpTibS2–75BulbL/TibL0.770.031
SW2.89–3.403.15PalpPatS1–21
PLSAPW0.31–0.460.35PalpFemS5–7*6
PLSAPL0.68–0.980.70
Fe1S3–96
Pa1S0–7 (p0–3)4
+ + +Female +( +K11083 +MV), + +Strathbogie Range +, +Victoria +, +36°56'S +apical segment short. Lengths. total 3.07; basal segment +145°38'E +, + +7 March 1982 + +) — +Size +. Carapace length 7.83, 1.43; middle 0.69; apical 0.95. Apical segment width 0.56. width 7.07. Abdomen length 11.02, width 7.48. — +Colour +. — +Genitalia +. Spermathecae very short and broad. Apical Basic colour pattern. Abdominal chevrons distinct, well area narrower than expanded central region. Spermatheca separated. — +Carapace +. Slightly longer than wide, strongly length 0.82, width 0.68 + +. + +raised. Height 4.01; frontal width 6.60. Cephalic length + +5.60. Fovea wide, procurved anterior margin indented. Mid- +Distribution +. Western side of Great Dividing Range in dorsal cephalic setae do not reach fovea.Anterior strial setae Southern +New South Wales +and northern +Victoria +(Fig. 63). absent basally. Anterolateral carapace angle with a few weak This species is provisionally recorded from the Grampian bristles. — +Eyes +. Central eye region raised. Eye group width Ranges on the basis of a single female from the Hall’s Gap 2.11. Diameters: AME 0.27, ALE 0.41, PLE 0.34, PME area—male records are needed to confirm this. + +0.23. Interdistances: AME–AME 0.36, AME–ALE 0.25, + +ALE–PLE 0.21, PLE–PME 0.17, PME–PME 0.96. Median +Comments +. In some males a few mid row or distal teeth ocular quadrangle length 0.70, anterior width 0.89, posterior may be missing, making keying such individuals difficult. width 1.43. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove margins diverge weakly distally. Groove length 2.65, middle width 0.54. + + +Hadronyche jensenae + +n.sp. + + + +Cheliceral teeth: 26 central, in single row occupying full length of groove; 13 prolateral; 11 retrolateral. Central tooth Figures 63–65; +Table 19 + + +row length variable. — +Labium +. Wider than long, anterior margin slightly concave, sides rounded. Length 1.55, width +Etymology +. The species is named for my wife, Greta Jensen 2.11. Cuspules occupying anterior two-thirds of labium. Gray. + + +Labiosternal sigilla narrowed at midline. — +Sternum +. Ovoid. + + + +Length +5.10, width 4.01. +Posterior +sternal sigilla elongate, + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +K11085 +( +MV +), +Woodside +, +Victoria +, +38°32'S + +removed from margins: length 0.99, width 0.34. — +Palp +. +146°53'E +, +15 August 1966 +. + +Paratypes +. +Victoria +. + +Males + +: +K11086 +( +MV +), +Spination +: tibia 0–1 (strong bristles present), tarsus 8. +Woodside + +, + +data as for holotype; +K11087 +( +MV +), +Morwell +, +38°14'S +146°24'E +., + +28 August 1967 + + +. + +Trichobothria: tibia p6 r6, tarsus 8. Tarsal claw with 4 teeth. + +— +Legs +. 4123. Legs I, IV subequal. + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total +1 5.92 2.82 4.59 3.60 2.37 19.30 +2 5.10 2.62 3.94 3.47 2.38 17.51 +3 4.60 2.55 2.84 3.12 2.52 15.91 +4 5.71 2.96 4.08 4.09 2.92 19.76 + +Tibia I +width 1.29. Metatarsus I proximal width 0.95. Coxae + +I, II with a few basally thickened setae frontally. Tibia I, II with few to no spines. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior +7, 7; inferior 3, 3. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 9, 10; + +metatarsus 14, 12; tibia p6 r6, p6 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg + +I; femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus 5, tarsus 4. Leg II: +femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus 7, tarsus 5. Leg III: +femur 0, patella p7, tibia 9 (p5 r2), metatarsus 15 (p5 rd2), + +tarsus 12. Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 0, metatarsus 10, Figure 63. Collection records for + +Hadronyche meridiana + +(squares) tarsus 14. — +Abdomen +. Posterior lateral spinnerets stout, and + +H. jensenae + +(circles). + + + +Table 19 +. Male morphological data— + +Hadronyche jensenae + +(n = 4). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL*4.72–6.605.77Mt1S14–27 (p0)19CW/CL0.990.029
CW4.84–6.605.72Ta1S6–108CH/CW0.450.03
CH2.0–3.162.60Ti2S*5–7 (p0)6CFW/CL0.700.043
CFW3.36–4.854.06STC2teeth10–1111CHGW/L0.160.013
ChGL1.66–2.181.94BulbL1.25–2.342.17SW/SL0.810.022
ChGW0.27–0.340.31EmbL1.15–1.361.28LL/LW*0.790.075
ChGCT15–1917BulbW0.86–1.090.99PLSAPW/L0.470.055
LL0.78–1.291.02EmbmidW0.18–0.210.19BulbW/EmbL* 0.770.022
LW1.06–1.431.28PalpTibL2.71–3.092.82EmbmidW/L0.160.006
CUSP*112–169145PalpTibW1.26–1.521.40PalpTibW/L*0.500.003
SL3.11–4.153.64PalpTibS1–22BulbL/TibL*0.770.053
SW2.43–3.412.95PalpPatS1–32
PLSAPW0.29–0.350.34PalpFemS0–31
PLSAPL0.64–0.820.73
Fe1S2–54
Pa1S*00
+ + +Other material +. + +AMS KS +112636, Vic. Dept. Agric., Bairnsdale (locality pattern; abdomen partly discoloured or damaged in all + +unknown), + +20 June 1978 + +. + +specimens. — +Carapace +. About as wide as long, cephalic area moderately raised. Height 2.65; frontal width 4.21. Fovea + + + +Diagnosis +. CL 4.72–6.60 (male). Small atracine spiders. procurved. Mid-dorsal cephalic setae few, do not reach fovea. + +Differ from other atracine species by having a short, broad Anterior strial setae absent.Anterolateral carapace angle with + +embolus with distal part set at distinct angle to shaft (Fig. weak hairs only. — +Eyes +. Central eye region slightly raised. + +65B,C). Eye group width 1.57. Median ocular quadrangle length 0.60, anterior width 0.74, posterior width 1.10. Diameters: + +Male +( +holotype +) — +Size +. Carapace length 5.74, width 5.70. AME 0.20; ALE 0.35; PLE 0.29; PME 0.23. — +Chelicerae +. + + +Abdomen length 6.5, width 4.7. — +Colour +. Basic colour Groove margins diverge weakly distally. Groove length 2.00, middle width 0.30. Cheliceral teeth. 15 central, occupying full length of groove; 9 prolateral; 12 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Much wider than long, rectangular, apically weakly indented. Length 0.92, width 1.25. Labiosternal sigilla broad. Cuspules c. 160, number moderate to low. — +Sternum +. Ovoid. Length 3.59, width 2.98. Posterior sternal sigilla ovoid to elongate; middle sigilla small. — +Palp +. Tegular area slightly wider than long. Embolus very short and broad, base strongly offset from tegulum. Distal part of embolus not twisted, but angled strongly at about 45° to shaft. Bulb length 2.23, width 1.01. Embolus length 1.31, midwidth 0.20. Tibia short, strongly incrassate proximally. Length of femur 2.71, patella 1.12, tibia 2.71. Width of tibia 2.01. Spination: femur 6; patella 1; tibia d2. Distal femur with spines, without sinuous bristles. — +Legs +. 4123. + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total 1 5.34 2.52 3.94 3.46 2.38 17.64 2 4.79 2.30 3.74 3.19 2.38 16.40 3 4.08 2.14 2.89 3.03 2.24 14.38 4 5.17 2.28 4.08 3.90 2.82 18.25 + +Tibia I +width 0.94. Femora I, II with dorsal spines. + +Metatarsus I slightly thickened in proximal half, spines strong, scattered. Tibia II without apophysis, ventral spines few, grouped proximally with c. two larger spines toward middle; distoventral tibia weakly concave. Metatarsus II weakly to moderately sinuous with small, apophysis midventrally. Tarsi III, IV slightly swollen. Anterior coxal hairs unmodified. Tarsal and distal metatarsal scopulae: legs I, + +Figure 64. + +Hadronyche jensenae + +, male: ( +A +) cephalothorax and II weak; legs III, IV moderate. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: chelicerae, dorsal; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) superior 11, 11; inferior 0, 0. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus cheliceral groove teeth; ( +D +) sternum, labium and maxilla; ( +E +) leg 8, 7; metatarsus 6, 6; tibia p5 r5, p5 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg II, prolateral; ( +F +) spinnerets; ( +G +) palp, prolateral. Scale lines +1 mm +. I: femur d5, patella 0, tibia 18, metatarsus 19, tarsus 10. Leg + + + +Figure 65. + +Hadronyche jensenae + +, male ( +A,D–K +, AMS KS112636; +B,C +, 11086 [MV]): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F,G +) metatarsus I— +F +, ventral, +G +, prolateral; ( +H,I +) distal patella and tibia II— +H +, ventral, +I +, prolateral; ( +J,K +) metatarsus II— +J +, ventral, +K +, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.2 mm, except +B +0.5 mm and +D,F,G +0.3 mm. + + +II: femur d4, patella 0, tibia 5, metatarsus 11, tarsus 9. Leg +III: femur d1, patella pd10, tibia 10 (r2), metatarsus 17 (p5 +r2), tarsus 8. Leg IV: femur d1–2 (strong bristles present), + +patella 0, tibia 3 (rd1), metatarsus 10, tarsus 11. — +Abdomen +. + +Bristles stronger anteriorly with a prominent frontal pair. +Posterior lateral spinnerets with rather short apical segment. +Lengths: total 1.90; basal segment 0.84; middle 0.42; apical +0.64. Apical segment width 0.34. + + + +Distribution +. Central Gippsland, +Victoria +(Fig. 63). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFF3FFBDC46996B351DCFAFD.xml b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFF3FFBDC46996B351DCFAFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f58734fbce5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFF3FFBDC46996B351DCFAFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,218 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae) + + + +Author + +Gray, Michael R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2010 + +2010-11-24 + + +62 + + +3 + + +285 +392 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 + +journal article +10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 +2201-4349 +5298014 + + + + + + + +Illawarra + +n.gen. + + + + + + +Type +species + +Illawarra wisharti + +new species +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Differs from other atracine species as follows—in males, by having broad midventral spine row on male tarsi + + +I–IV ( +Fig. 3B +); in females, by having a robust, aspinose leg + +I with metatarsus partially fused to tarsus and tarsal claws enlarged. + + + +Description +. With the characters of the +Atracinae +. Colour light to dark brown with distinct abdominal chevrons. + + +Carapace longer than wide; relatively low with caput weakly raised ( +CH +/CW 0.37) and narrow frontally (CFW/CL 0.54). + +Cheliceral paturon less robust than in other genera. (Figs. + + +16A,B; 17B,C). +Cheliceral +groove narrow, lateral margins +Figure +15. +Collection +records for + +Illawarra wisharti + +. parallel; central tooth row short; basal; prolateral tooth row may be incomplete; retrolateral row complete (Fig. 16C). + +Other +material examined. +New South Wales +(males): + +AMS +KS921 +, +Willowvale +, +4 km +W. of +Gerringong +, + +11 May 1977 + +, +G. Wishart +; +AMS +Labium short (LL/LW 0.70) (Fig. 16D), cuspule numbers +KS922 +,Willowvale, +4 km +W.of Gerringong, + +20 May 1977 + +, +G.Wishart +; +AMS +low to moderate (85–154). Apical segment of posterior +KS1448 +, Willowvale, +4 km +W. of Gerringong, + +5 April 1978 + +, +G. Wishart +; lateral spinnerets relatively short. +Leg I +more robust than +AMS +KS918 +, Ulladulla, +Ulladulla Ambulance Station +; +AMS +KS10796 +, other legs, especially in females; female leg I without spines, +Unanderra +, + +January 1983 + +, +M. Senior + +. + +tarsal claws enlarged and metatarsus thickened proximally + +(wedge-shaped) and partially fused to the tarsus ( +Fig. 17H,I +). +Diagnosis +. CL 6.77–10.13 (male). Male tarsi I–IV strongly Male tarsi highly spinose (43–93 spines), with two lateral spinose (tarsus I with 43–93 spines), with a middle ventral spine rows and a full midventral spine row ( +Fig. 3B +). Female spine row as well as lateral ventral rows ( +Fig. 3B +). Female tarsi with few spines. Male femora I, II with slender dorsal leg I robust, aspinose; metatarsus I thickened proximally and spines (Fig. 16F,H); legs I, II without apophyses; tibia I, II partially fused with tarsus I, tarsal claws enlarged ( +Fig. 17H,I +). and metatarsus I, II spinose, spines slender and scattered + + +( +Fig. 18D–J +). Male palpal patella a little wider than femur. + +Palpal bulb with a broad tegular area; groove between tegulum and subtegulum sometimes wide, exposing middle haematodocha.; embolus short, wide. (Figs. 16I, 18B). +Female spermathecae two very short, distally broad sacs + +( +Fig. 17E +). + + +Included species +. + +Illawarra wisharti + +n.sp. + + + + +Distribution +. The +Illawarra +region of southern +New South + + +Wales +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFF3FFBEC40693415444FA59.xml b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFF3FFBEC40693415444FA59.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9047bbe5d89 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/87/163F87D5FFF3FFBEC40693415444FA59.xml @@ -0,0 +1,863 @@ + + + +A Revision of the Australian Funnel-web Spiders (Hexathelidae: Atracinae) + + + +Author + +Gray, Michael R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2010 + +2010-11-24 + + +62 + + +3 + + +285 +392 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 + +journal article +10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1556 +2201-4349 +5298014 + + + + + + + +Illawarra wisharti + +n.sp. + + + + + + +Figures 3B +, 15–18; +Tables 5 +, +34 + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named for Graeme Wishart, + +Australian Museum Associate, idiopid spider researcher, + +and collector of many mygalomorph spiders in the +Illawarra +region. + + +Types +. + +Holotype +male: +AMS +KS5357 +, +Nowra +, +New South Wales +, +34°52'S +150°36'E +, + +17 March 1980 + + +. + +Paratypes +( +AMS +). +New South Wales +. + +Males + + +: + +AMS +KS15748 +, +Willowvale +near +Gerringong +, +34°45'S +150°47'E +, + +25 Mar 1985 + + +, G. Wishart; + +AMS +KS920 +, +Avondale +, +34°30'S +150°45'E +, + +March 1956 + + + +R +.K. +Hayes + +; + +AMS +KS2721 +, +Figtree +, +34°25'S +150°50'E +, + +16 March 1979 + + +, J. Lewis; + +AMS +KS919 + +, + +AMS +KS5355 +, +Nowra +, +34°52'S +150°36'E +, + +7 April 1980 + + +; + +AMS +KS8921 +, +Swan Lake +, nr. +Sussex Inlet +, +35°10'S +150°34'E +, + +10 April 1982 + + +, A. McLaughlin; + +AMS +KS15746 +, +Willowvale +, nr +Gerringong +, +34°52'S +150°36'E +, + +29 April 1977 + + +, G. Wishart; + +AMS +KS16450 +, +Unanderra +, +34°27'S +150°50'E +, + +8 February 1979 + + +, J. Wafle; + +AMS +KS5356 +, +Bangalee Scout Figure +16. + +Illawarra wisharti + +, male: ( +A +) cephalothorax and +Camp +, +Nowra area +, + +14 March 1980 + + +; +Females +: + +AMS +KS30273 +, +Willowvale +, +4km +W. of +Gerringong +, +34°35'S +149°37'E +, + +November 1979 + + +, G. Wishart; chelicerae, dorsal; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) + +AMS +KS2667 + +, + +AMS +KS4778 +, +Nowra South +, +34°54'S +150°35'E +, +March +cheliceral groove teeth; ( +D +) sternum, labium and maxilla; ( +E +) 1959 + +; + +AMS +KS13781 +, +Farmborough Heights +, near +Unanderra +, +34°27'S +spinnerets; ( +F +) leg I, prolateral; ( +G +) palp, prolateral; ( +H +) leg + + +II +, +150°48'E +, J. +Wafle +, + +8 February 1979 + + +. + +prolateral; ( +I +) palpal organ. +Scale +lines +1 mm + +. + + + +Table 5 +. Male morphological data— + +Illawarra wisharti + +(n = 12). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
characterrangemeancharacterrangemeancharacterratioSD
CL6.77–10.138.00Mt1S28–76 (p0–1) 48CW/CL0.900.031
CW6.36–9.367.18Ta1S*43–9370CH/CW*0.370.02
CH2.50–2.832.66Ti2S10–17 (p0–1) 13CFW/CL*0.540.021
CFW3.94–5.174.32STC2teeth*6–108CHGW/L*0.110.016
ChGL2.01–2.422.19BulbL1.73–2.111.89SW/SL0.820.021
ChGW0.20–0.320.23EmbL1.02–1.221.12LL/LW*0.700.038
ChGCT7–1711BulbW0.76–0.980.84PLSAPW/L0.450.034
LL0.86–1.180.98EmbmidW0.10–0.190.14BulbW/EmbL* 0.760.047
LW1.31–1.621.39PalpTibL2.36–2.922.65EmbmidW/L0.130.024
CUSP*85–154113PalpTibW1.10–1.461.24PalpTibW/L0.470.022
SL3.60–4.794.28PalpTibS0–31BulbL/TibL0.720.027
SW2.95–3.913.51PalpPatS0–31
PLSAPW0.30–0.420.35PalpFemS0–11
PLSAPL0.68–0.930.79
Fe1S*3–169
Pa1S0–4 (p0–1)2
+ + +Male +( +holotype +). — +Size +. Carapace length 7.54, width 6.75. Cuspules c. 122, number low to moderate. — +Sternum +. Ovoid, Abdomen length 7.88, width 5.90. — +Colour +. Basic colour moderately broad. Length 4.12, width 3.32. Posterior sigilla pattern, often brown overall, with distinct, narrow abdominal of moderate size, ovoid. — +Palp +. Tegular area almost as long chevrons. — +Carapace +. Longer than wide, weakly raised. as wide, pear shaped. Middle haematodocha sometimes Height 2.62. Frontal width 4.06. Fovea procurved. Mid- exposed. in broad tegular-subtegilar groove. Embolus short, dorsal cephalic setae few, almost reach fovea. Anterior moderately broad and gently curved, embolus weakly to strial setae absent basally. Anterolateral angle of carapace moderately twisted distally. Embolus weakly offset from with weak hairs only. — +Eyes +. Central eye region sessile tegulum. Bulb length 1.80, width 0.80. Embolus length 1.08, to slightly raised. Eye group width 1.62. Median ocular midwidth 0.12. Length of femur 2.96, patella 1.24, tibia 2.36. quadrangle length 0.78, anterior width 0.75, posterior width Width of tibia 1.13. Spination: spines bristle-like; femur 2 1.05. Diameters: AME 0.30, ALE 0.48, PLE 0.27, PME 0.24. sinuous, patella 1 sinuous, tibia 0. Sinuous bristles on femur — +Chelicerae +. Anterodorsal paturon bristles strong, sparse. and patella, strong bristles on tibia. — +Legs +. 4123. Cheliceral groove very narrow, margins parallel. Groove + +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total length 2.15, middle width 0.26. Cheliceral teeth: 10 central, +1 6.64 3.06 5.08 5.12 2.54 22.44 confined to base of groove; 7 prolateral; 13 retrolateral. — + +2 5.72 2.79 4.10 4.59 2.71 19.91 +Labium +. Much wider than long, broadly indented apically. + +3 5.33 2.54 3.44 4.55 2.95 18.81 Length 0.90, width 1.37. Labiosternal sigilla broad, complete. +4 6.31 2.87 4.55 5.95 3.53 23.21 + +Tibia I +width 1.44. Femora I–III with dorsal spines, bristle like spines on femur IV. Metatarsus I slightly thickened proximally, dorsal sigilla broad. Metatarsus II slightly bent proximally, tibial and metatarsal spines scattered. Anterior coxal hairs normal. Tarsal spines very numerous with a midventral spine row as well as lateral ventral spine rows. Tarsal scopulae very weak to absent, distal metatarsal scopulae absent. Tarsal claw teeth legs I, II: superior 8, 10; inferior 0, 2. Trichobothria legs I, II: tarsus 10, 8; metatarsus 9, 10; tibia p5 r5, p6 r5. — +Leg spination +. Leg I: femur 9 (d7 p2), patella 1, tibia 23 (p1) metatarsus 56 (p1), tarsus 93. Leg II: femur 7 (d6), patella p2, tibia 16 (p1), metatarsus 48, tarsus 79, Leg III: femur 5, patella 9 (p6 r3), tibia 25 (p7 r6), metatarsus 38, tarsus 80. Leg IV: femur 0 (strong bristles), patella 4 (p2 r2), tibia 19 (p4 r6), metatarsus 42, tarsus 67. — +Abdomen +. Numerous weak dorsal bristles, hair cover sparse. Posterior lateral spinnerets with apical segment rather short. Lengths: total 2.68; basal segment 1.12, middle 0.66, apical 0.90. Apical segment width 0.35. + + + +Figure 17. + +Illawarra wisharti + +, female: ( +A +) sternum, labium + + + + +and maxilla; ( +B +) cephalothorax and chelicerae, lateral; ( +C +) +Female +( +paratype +AMS +KS2667 +). — + +Size +. Carapace + +length cephalothorax and chelicerae, dorsal; ( +D +) cheliceral groove teeth; 8.12, width 6.72. +Abdomen +length 9.79, width 7.48. — ( +E +) spermathecae; ( +F +) spinnerets; ( +G +) leg +III +, prolateral, patella, + +Colour +. Commonly + +brown in colour overall, abdominal tibia, metatarsus. ( +H,I +) +Leg I +, metatarsus and tarsus— +H +, prolateral; chevrons distinct. +Otherwise +colour pattern basic. — +I +, dorsal. +Scale +lines +1 mm +. + +Carapace +. Longer + +than wide, moderately-weakly raised and frontally narrow. +Height +2.87, frontal width 4.72. +Cephalic +bristles. — + +Eyes +. Central + +eye region slightly raised. +Eye +group length 6.19. +Fovea +strongly procurved, anterior margin width 1.56. +Diameters +: AME 0.21, ALE 0.43, PLE 0.24, indented. +Mid-dorsal +cephalic setae long, in single row, may +PME +0.18 +Interdistances +: AME–AME 0.24, AME–ALE or may not extend back to fovea. +Anterior +strial setae absent 0.18, ALE–PLE 0.22, PLE– +PME +0.12, +PME +– +PME +0.66. basally. +Anterolateral +carapace angle with a few very weak +Median +ocular quadrangle length 0.52, anterior width 0.60 + +, + + + +Figure 18. + +Illawarra wisharti + +, male ( +A,D–J +, AMS KS15748; +B,C +, AMS KS5356): ( +A +) palp, prolateral; ( +B +) bulb; ( +C +) embolus, distal; ( +D,E +) distal patella and tibia I— +D +, ventral, +E +, prolateral; ( +F +) metatarsus I, ventral; ( +G,H +) distal patella and tibia II— +G +, ventral, +H +, prolateral; ( +I,J +) metatarsus II— +I +, ventral, +J +, prolateral. Scale lines: 0.3 mm, except +A +0.2 mm, and +B +1.0 mm. + + + +posterior width 1.05. — +Chelicerae +. Cheliceral groove very + +Anepsiada + +.–Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918: 167. +Type +species narrow, margins parallel. Groove length 2.14, middle width by monotypy + +Anepsiada ventricosa +Rainbow & Pulleine + +, + +0.32. Cheliceral teeth: 5 central, confined to basal third of 1918. Roewer, 1942: 208. Bonnet, 1955: 323. Gray, + +groove; 6 prolateral, a gap separating the distal tooth from 1978: 125 (synonymized with + +Atrax + +). Gray, 1981: Raven, 1980: 255. Main, 1985: 40. First synonymized by Gray, + + +the rest; 13 retrolateral. — +Labium +. Wider than long, anterior 1988: 114. + +margin widely indented. Cuspules distributed in shallow +V-shaped band on anterior half of labium. Labiosternal + + + +Diagnosis +. Differs from + +Atrax + +in tibia II being either + + +sigilla narrow. — +Sternum +. Broad. Length 4.29, width 3.70. unmodified or having a blunt, rounded apophysis or + + +Posterior sigilla ovoid: length 0.72, width 0.38. — +Palp +. apophyseal swelling Differs from both + +Atrax + +and + +Illawarra + + +Spination: tarsus 4. Trichobothria: tibia p5 r5, tarsus 5. Tarsal in having caput moderately to strongly raised and cheliceral + +claw long, slender with two basal teeth. — +Legs +. 1423. Leg paturon more robust. Differs from + +Illawarra + +by male tarsi + +I robust, spines absent. having two instead of three ventral spine rows. +Leg Femur Patella Tibia Metatarsus Tarsus Total + +1 5.66 3.28 4.43 3.44 2.00 18.81 +Description +. With characters of the +Atracinae +. Carapace + +2 4.43 2.62 2.79 2.61 1.74 14.19 broad, often not much longer than wide, or as wide; + +3 4.13 2.17 2.11 2.61 1.89 12.91 caput moderately to strongly raised ( +CH +/CW 0.40–0.53) + + +4 5.91 2.79 3.32 3.77 2.38 18.17 and wide frontally (CFW/CL 0.61–0.83). ( +Figs. 20B,E +; +23B,G +). Cheliceral paturon typically more robust than in + + +Tibia I +width 1.62. Metatarsus I wedge shaped, wide other +Atracinae +, thicker both dorsoventrally and laterally. + + +proximally with a large dorsal sigilla, fused distally with Cheliceral groove a wide to narrow V-shape with central tarsus; proximal width 1.15. Tarsus I claws enlarged, strong, cheliceral teeth distributed along its full length, in a hook-like. Coxal hairs unmodified, long. Tarsi I–IV with few staggered row (males— +Fig. 20G +) or one to several irregular ventral spines, all lateral. Tarsal claw teeth few, basal—legs rows (females—Fig. 21D); or, less commonly, central + + +I, II: superior claws 3, 2; inferior 0, 0. Trichobothria legs I, teeth confined to a short, basal row ( +Fig. 97E +). Labium + +II: tarsus 8, 10: metatarsus 10, 8; tibia p6 r5, p5 r6. Short subquadrate, often almost as long as wide (LL/LW 0.86– + +setae interspersed with trichobothria. — +Leg spination +. 1.20) ( +Fig. 20C +), sometimes shorter (LL/LW 0.64–0.79) (Fig. + + + +Leg I +: spines absent. +Leg +II +: femur 0, patella 0, tibia +0, 18E +). Sternal sigilla ovoid to narrowly elongate. Terminal metatarsus 5, tarsus 4. Leg +III +: femur 0, patella p3, tibia 5 segment of posterior lateral spinnerets short to moderately + + + +(p3), metatarsus 9 (p3), tarsus 8. Leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, long digitiform. Male tibia II either unmodified with ventral tibia 2, metatarsus 9 (p3), tarsus 8. — +Abdomen +. Posterior spines grouped or scattered ( +Fig. 43H,I +); or with a rounded lateral spinnerets with short apical segment. Lengths: total spined ventral apophysis or low apophyseal swelling ( +Figs. + + +2.38; basal segment 1.14, middle 0.52, apical 0.44. Apical 32H,I; 36H,I). Metatarsus II either sinuous (proximoventrally segment width 0.35. — +Genitalia +. Spermathecae very short, concave) with a small, spined mid-ventral apophysis (Fig. + + +only slightly longer than wide. Length 0.78, width 0.58. 29K), or weakly sinuous to unmodified ( +Fig. 70K +). Tibia + +Apical two-thirds bulbous. and metatarsus I ventrally spinose (tibial spines may extend retrolaterally); metatarsus sometimes proximally thickened. + + + +Distribution +. +Illawarra +region of +New South Wales +(Fig. 15). Male palpal patella large, often wider than the femur, or about as wide. Palpal organ morphology variable but, compared + + + + +Comments +. Burrows are found in the ground litter layer or to + +Atrax +spp. + +, the tegular area of the bulb is often larger, + +under rocks. The entrance is at ground level and lacks silk the embolus broader and shorter with the distal ejaculatory trip-lines. The burrow silk lining is very weak to absent. groove narrow and slanting above the flange-like lower + +The spiders are often noted to have a characteristic “ant- margin ( +Figs. 25B,C +; +32B,C +). Spermathecal shape variable, + +like” smell. basic pattern a pair of relatively short, broad sacs. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/A7/163FA7C2A80A4CDA31414A27E2702A15.xml b/data/16/3F/A7/163FA7C2A80A4CDA31414A27E2702A15.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..571ce69c645 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/A7/163FA7C2A80A4CDA31414A27E2702A15.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +Order Soricomorpha + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +220 +311 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Cryptotis peruviensis +Vivar, Pacheco and Valqui 1997 + + + + + + + +Cryptotis peruviensis +Vivar, Pacheco and Valqui 1997 + +, + +Am. +Mus +. Novit., 3202: 7 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Peru +, Department +Cajamarca +, Las Ashitas, + +3150 m + +, about +42 km +W Jaén ( +05°42'S +, +79°08'W +). + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Peruvian Small-eared Shrew +. + + + + +Distribution: +Only known from elfin forest in N +Peru +, E and W Andes, at 3150 and +2050 m +. + + + + +Discussion: + +C. thomasi + +group. The populations of + +peruviensis + +document the southernmost occurrence of + +Cryptotis + +in South America ( +Vivar et al., 1997 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/A8/163FA87CEF49FFE99BB4F9E3FF0373D5.xml b/data/16/3F/A8/163FA87CEF49FFE99BB4F9E3FF0373D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c237662b0c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/A8/163FA87CEF49FFE99BB4F9E3FF0373D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,346 @@ + + + +A taxonomic revision of South African Sharphydrus, with the description of two new species (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Bidessini) + + + +Author + +Bilton, David T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +2013-12-17 + + +3750 + + +1 + + +26 +36 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3750.1.2 +1175-5326 +5271951 +3093B45D-78A2-4780-B965-448AB8A177DC + + + + + + + +Sharphydrus kamiesbergensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 1B +– +3B +) + + + + + +Type locality +. + + + +South Africa + +, +Northern Cape +, +Kamiesberg +, stream on +Witwater-Langkloof +road ca. +1 km +S of junction, +30 23 42.96S +18 08 08.40E +, + +1097 m + +. ( +Fig. 3B +) + +. + + + +Type material +. + + + +Holotype + +(male): “ + +19/ix/2010 + +South Africa +NC, Kamiesberg, stream on Witwater-Langkloof road ca. +1 km +S of junction, +D. T. Bilton +leg.” (genitalia extracted and mounted in DMHF on same card) with red printed +holotype +label “ +Holotype + +Sharphydrus kamiesbergensis + + +sp. nov. + +Bilton” ( +ISAM +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +( +7♂ +, +6♀ +): Same data as holotype ( +2♂ +, +1♀ +CDTB +; +1♂ +, +1♀ +NMW +; +1♂ +, +1♀ +UMO +; +1♂ +, +1♀ +ISAM +; +1♂ +, +1♀ +DMSA +; +1♂ +, +1♀ +SANC +). With red printed +paratype +labels “ +Paratype + +Sharphydrus kamiesbergensis + + +sp. nov. + +Bilton” + +. + + + + + +Description +. + +Size: +Holotype +: body length (to elytral apices) +2.85 mm +; max. width (elytra) +1.45 mm +. Elytral length +2.1 mm +. Same values for +paratypes +2.8–3.0, 1.45–1.5 and +2–2.25 mm +respectively. + + +Colour ( +Fig. 1B +): Dorsal surface predominantly pale straw yellowish brown. Head and pronotum slightly more deeply pigmented than ground colour of elytra. Hind margin of pronotum with well-marked black band, this being thickest between lateral plicae, here approximately 1/6–1/5 pronotal length in extent. Black band narrower towards centre of pronotum, giving it a distinctly undulating appearance. Front margin of pronotum entirely pale. Elytra with diffuse dark markings, with rather ill-defined boundaries. Sublateral dark markings more well defined, present just behind middle, and just before apex. Palpi and legs uniformly pale yellowish brown. Antennae also pale yellowish brown, with segments 7–11 infuscated apically, this being particularly marked in segment 11. Venter pale yellowish brown, somewhat darkened around ventral junctions and coxal insertions. + +Head: Broad, with large eyes. Clypeus somewhat thickened and evenly rounded, but lacking anterior border, and not separated from rest of head. Well-developed shallow, open fovea present on each side of head, anterior to eye, just behind clypeus. Cervical line well marked between hind portion of eyes. Head in front of cervical line with distinct, coarse punctures, each bearing a small peg-like seta at its centre. Punctures smaller and sparser on clypeus, here 2–3 puncture widths apart; becoming larger and denser towards cervical line, here approximately 3x diameter of those on anterior clypeus, and spaced 1/3–1/2 puncture width apart. Head microreticulate except on smooth central frons,. Microreticulation transverse on clypeus and behind cervical line; isodiametric elsewhere. Apical segments of maxiliary and labial palpi narrowly truncate, and somewhat flattened dorsoventrally at apices. +Pronotum: Transverse rectangular. Sides rounded to front angles, straight behind; widest just before middle. Hind margins distinctly bisinuate around middle. Lateral plicae well developed, relatively deep, and open interiorly. Plicae deepest at posterior ends; sinuate and becoming shallow anteriorly, here extended to approximately 1/3 away from front margin of the pronotum. Pronotal surface rough, with a coriaceous appearance, due to coarse, dense, sometimes almost confluent punctation, each puncture bearing a small peg-like seta as on head. Punctures particularly dense towards centre of pronotal disc, here separated by ridges only. Pronotal surface smooth between punctures; without visible microreticulation. + +Elytra: Together forming an elongate oval, with point of maximum width around middle. Lateral margin rounded to front angles, somewhat subparallel in middle, and tapered towards apex in posterior half. Elytra with well-developed discal keels running posteriorly from base of pronotal lateral plicae to a point just over halfway along elytral length. Carinae robust; maximum height being towards middle of keel. Elytral suture also raised over discal region; area between keels and suture relatively flat ( +Fig. 1B +). Elytral tracheation clearly visible in dry specimens. Each elytron with a row of long, fine, recumbent setae interior to keel, positioned approximately 1/3 way towards suture, and running for length of keel (setae apparently lost and invisible in some +paratypes +). Entire elytral surface, including keels, with dense, coarse punctation, giving a coriaceous appearance. Punctures almost confluent in places (e.g. close to keels), and each puncture bearing a small peg-like seta. No visible microreticulation between punctures. + +Venter: Anterior margin of prementum with short, stout setae and scattered longer hair-like setae behind. Mentum will well developed blunt truncated medial tooth. Surface of mentum with fine transverse ridges, but otherwise lacking apparent microreticulation. Submentum with transverse furrows and scattered punctures, but lacking microreticulation. Gular sutures weak, but gular region distinct due to absence of microreticulation. Remainder of underside of head with distinct isodiametric reticulation, obsolete on genae and towards outer margins of mandibles. Pronotal hypomeron smooth and shining, with very few scattered punctures. Prosternum smooth and shining with scattered punctures, becoming dense and almost confluent at base of prosternal process, an area also furnished with long, hair-like setae. Prosternal process strongly raised, neck of process forming an angle of approximately 70° with prosternum. Process elongate, cordiform, flat, with a broad shallow groove occupying 3/4 of process width. Neck of process with long, hair-like setae; process itself with punctures bearing short, peg-like setae. Prosternal process reaching anteromedial process of the metaventrite. Metaventrite with weakly defined groove in rear half. Coxal lines well-marked, subparallel, diverging anteriorly. Hind coxal margin bisinuate; coxal lobes weak, not covering leg insertions. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax and abdomen, elytral epipleurs with dense, coarse punctation, each puncture bearing a short peg-like seta. Punctures very dense and almost confluent on hind coxae and abdominal ventrites; elsewhere spaced at most 1–1.5 puncture widths apart. Punctures absent only from hind margins of hind coxae, where traces of isodiametric microreticulation are visible; spaces between punctures otherwise smooth. Fourth and fifth abdominal ventrites with long hair-like setal bunches at their centres. + + +FIGURE 3. +Type localities of: A) + +Sharphydrus brincki + + +sp. nov. + +South Africa, Western Cape, Cederberg, Matjiesrivier Reserve, Matjies River ca. 3 km N of Cederberg Oasis; B) + +S. kamiesbergensis + + +sp. nov. + +South Africa, Northern Cape, Kamiesberg, stream on Witwater–Langkloof road ca. 1 km S of junction. Photos D.T. Bilton. + + + + +FIGURE 4. +Distribution of + +Sharphydrus +species + +in South Africa: yellow symbols + +S. brincki + +, green symbol + +S. kamiesbergensis + +, red symbols + +S. capensis + +, white symbols + +S. coriaceus + +. Closed circles indicate specimens examined, open circles records from the literature. + + + +Aedeagus: Median lobe characteristically shaped and pigmented ( +Fig. 2B +); trilobate at apex, with a curved, ventrally-directed process. Median lobe deeply pigmented, black, with exception of apical median process, this dark colouration being present in fresh and preserved specimens. Parameres ( +Fig. 2B +) two-segmented, with bluntly curved, hooked tips. + +Females: As males except punctures on pronotum somewhat sparser, with some isodiametric microreticulation visible between them. Similar, but much weaker and somewhat obsolete reticulation visible between elytral punctures. Fore and mid tarsi narrower and slightly shorter than in males, particularly last tarsal segment. + + +Variability +. + +Paratypes +vary slightly in size (see above) and the development of the elytral pattern, some specimens being darker than the +holotype +. + + + + + +Distribution +. + +To date only known from the +type +locality ( +Fig. 3B +), a small stream flowing through Kamiesberg Granite Fynbos/Renosterveld ( +sensu +Mucina & Rutherford 2006). The high valleys and summits of the Kamiesberg range represent an isolated, northern outpost of the fynbos biome in relatively arid Namaqualand, and support other endemic aquatic beetles, including + +Andex insignis +Sharp, 1882 + +( +Challet & Turner 2006 +). + + + + + +Etymology +. + +Named after the Kamiesberg, an isolated granite massif in Namaqualand. The specific epithet is an adjective in the nominative singular standing in apposition. + + + + + +Ecology +. + +Specimens were netted from relatively deep (ca. +60 cm +) water over gravel and silt in a pool immediately below a short riffle in a stream ( +Fig. 3B +). They occurred together with the water beetles + +Sharphydrus coriaceus + +, + +Canthyporus hottentottus +(Gemminger & Harold) + +, + +Andex insignis +, +Agabus ruwenzoricus + +and + +Nebrioporus +sp. + +One of the females collected retained an intact spermatophore tail, indicating recent mating activity. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/B5/163FB58AC90F4A56528EE1E3AD031547.xml b/data/16/3F/B5/163FB58AC90F4A56528EE1E3AD031547.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f876a785bb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/B5/163FB58AC90F4A56528EE1E3AD031547.xml @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + + +The genus Scaptodrosophila Duda part I: the brunnea species group from the Oriental Region, with morphological and molecular evidence (Diptera, Drosophilidae) + + + +Author + +Liu, Yi-Qin +Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, China + + + +Author + +Gao, Qing-Song +Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, China + + + +Author + +Chen, Hong-Wei +Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, China +hongweic@scau.edu.cn + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +2017-04-26 + + +671 + + +87 +118 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.671.11275 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.671.11275 +1313-2970-671-87 +4A880A9C43834218A981728059941371 +AD0EFFB65E70FF90FFEDFFF8FFB86034 +579487 + + + + +Scaptodrosophila obscurata +sp. n. + + + + + +Figs +6E-H + +, 15 + + + + +Type +material. + + +Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 128347): CHINA: Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, +21°47'N +, +101°63'E +, alt. 760 m, 9.v.2012, HW Chen. Paratypes: CHINA: 1♂ (SCAU, No. 128348), same data as holotype; 20♂, 15♀ (SCAU, Nos 128349-368), Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, +21°55'N +, +101°16'E +, alt. 570 m, 3-4.xi.2001, HW Chen; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 128369), Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, alt. 1940 m, 6.v.2012, HW Chen. + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species differs from the other known species of this group in having the paramere with a hook-shaped projection basoventrally (Fig. +15D +), and the aedeagus apically acute in lateral view (Fig. +15D +). + + + +Description. + +Male and female: +Head +(Fig. +6E +): frons brown and glossy. Pedicel brown; first flagellomere yellowish. Facial carina brown and glossy. + + +Thorax +(Fig. +6F, G +): mesonotum brown, with two yellowish brown longitudinal stripes submedially. Acrostichal setulae in ca. 10-12 irregular rows. Scutellum brown, dark brown near basal scutellar setae, pale at tip. Pleura dark brown. + + +Abdomen +(Fig. +6H +): tergites II to V yellow anteromedially, with black caudal bands; tergite VI yellowish brown. + + +Male terminalia +(Fig. +15A-D +): epandrium with ca. 16 setae near posterior and ventral margins per side. Surstylus with 5-6 peg-like prensisetae. Hypandrium with a pair of paramedian setae and pubescence medially. Paramere with four sensilla medially. Aedeagus lacking pubescence. + + +Female terminalia +(Fig. +15E +): oviscapt with one subapical trichoid ovisensillum, 15, 11 and 5 peg-like ovisensilla per side on ventral, dorsal and apical margins, respectively. + + +Measurements +[holotype (paratypes range in 6♂, 1♀), in mm]: BL = 3.47 (2.93-3.42, 3.42), ThL = 1.60 (1.38-1.60, 1.64), WL = 2.98 (2.71-2.98, 3.11), WW = 1.16 (1.07-1.20, 1.24). + + +Indices +: arb = 4/3 (4/3), avd = 0.95 (0.94-1.05), adf = 3.50 (3.29-4.00), flw = 1.67 (1.67-2.00), FW/HW = 0.38 (0.38-0.43), ch/o = 0.09 (0.05-0.12), prorb = 0.65 (0.32-0.63), rcorb = 0.23 (0.19-0.38), vb = 1.00 (0.83-1.00), dcl = damaged (0.58-0.73), presctl = damaged (0.23-0.42), sctl =0.88 (0.92-1.06), sterno = 0.65 (0.59-0.85), orbito = 0.50 (0.46-0.67), dcp = 0.43 (0.40-0.46), sctlp = 0.93 (0.88-1.07), C = 2.20 (1.98-2.30), 4c = 1.03 (1.00-1.21), 4v = 1.98 (1.88-2.26), 5x = 1.77 (1.69-2.00), ac = 2.16 (2.10-2.73), M = 0.58 (0.60-0.69), C3F = 0.83 (0.84-0.93). + + + +Etymology. + +From the Latin word " + +Scaptodrosophila obscurata + +" (= dark), referring to the thorax dark. + + + +Distribution. +China (Yunnan). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/3F/F2/163FF26D8F7F6B35A58E9AA6C96ACBF4.xml b/data/16/3F/F2/163FF26D8F7F6B35A58E9AA6C96ACBF4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e0f7f13366c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/3F/F2/163FF26D8F7F6B35A58E9AA6C96ACBF4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,466 @@ + + + +A revision of the family Ameroseiidae (Acari, Mesostigmata), with some data on Slovak fauna + + + +Author + +Masan, Peter +Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia +uzaepema@savba.sk + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +2017-09-29 + + +704 + + +1 +228 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.704.13304 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.704.13304 +1313-2970-704-1 +111A101E74054C408F51693957A64D97 +CB39FF8EFFA2FF8CFFBFFFA9FF94FF8B +1149838 + + + + +Ameroseius longitrichus Hirschmann, 1963 + + + + +Plates 22 +, 23 + + + + +Ameroseius longitrichus +Hirschmann (in Westerboer & Bernhard, 1963: 530). + + +Ameroseius longitrichus +. - +Karg 1971a +: 231; +Bregetova 1977 +: 152; +Kaczmarek and Michalski 1988 +: 101; +Karg 1993 +: 229; +Ma and Lin 2006 +: 241; +Narita et al. 2015 +: 395. + + + +Type depository. +Not stated (holotype not designated). + + +Type locality and habitat. +Germany (from several localities, in wood detritus of spruces and firs, and in galleries of various scolytine bark beetles). + + + +Published material from +Slovakia +. + + +Podunajska +Rovina Flatland: +Suľany +Village (not +Surany +Village as originally cited) ( + +Masan +2001a + +). + + + + +New material from +Slovakia +. + + +Borska +Nizina +Lowland: + +2 ♀♀ +- +30. 3. 2002 +, + +Borsky +Svaety +Jur Village + +, edge of mixed forest ( + +Pinus sylvestris + +, + +Robinia pseudoacacia + +), sandy soil and wood detritus from colony of + +Formica + +sp. ( +Hymenoptera +) situated under pine stem, altitude + +170 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan + + +; + +1 ♀ +- +10. 4. 2004 +, + +Borsky +Svaety +Jur Village + +, + +Sastinsky +Les Forest + +, mixed forest ( + +Pinus sylvestris + +and + +Betula + +sp.), individual collecting under bark of fallen and dead birches, altitude + +195 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan + + +; + +1 ♀ +- +3. 4. 2005 +, +Tomky Village +, + +Sastinsky +Les Forest + +, pine forest, individual collecting under bark of old pines ( + +Pinus sylvestris + +), altitude + +180 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. Burda Hills + + +: + +1 ♀ +- +9. 11. 1997 +, +Kamenica Nad Hronom Village +, + +Kovacovske +Kopce-juh Forest + +, oak forest ( + +Quercetum cerris + +), leaf litter and soil detritus, altitude + +330 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. +Male +Karpaty Mts. + + +: + +2 ♂♂ +- +18. 6. 1997 +, + +Casta +Village + +, + +Cerveny +Kamen +Castle + +, beech forest ( + +Fagion sylvaticae + +) with oak ( + +Quercus + +sp.), individual collecting under bark, stones and pieces of wood, altitude + +360 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan + + +; + +1 ♀ +- +28. 7. 1997 +, +Bratislava Capital +, + +Zelezna +Studienka Forest + +, broad-leaved deciduous forest, individual collecting under bark, stones and pieces of wood, altitude + +380 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. +Muranska +Planina Plateau + + +: + +1 ♀ +- +23. 6. 2003 +, + +Muran +Village + +, + +Javornikova +Dolina Valley + +, maple-beech forest ( + +Aceri-Fagetum + +) with ash ( + +Fraxinus + +sp.), rocky canyon, on wood-destroying fungus ( + +Daedalea quercina + +), altitude + +500 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. +Podunajska +Rovina Flatland + + +: + +1 ♀ +- +24. 4. 1997 +, +Suľany +Village +, willow-poplar flood plain forest ( + +Salici-Populetum + +), individual collecting under bark of old poplar trunks, altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. +Trnavska +Pahorkatina Wold + + +: + +1 ♀ +- +18. 5. 1997 +, +Brunovce Village +, + +Vah +River + +(alluvium), degraded willow-poplar flood-plain forest ( + +Salici-Populetum + +), individual collecting on wood-destroying fungus + +Trametes + +sp., altitude + +170 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. +Zvolenska +Kotlina Basin + + +: + +1 ♀ +- +19. 8. 2014 +, + +Cacin +Village + +, oak forest with + +Quercus cerris + +, on wood-destroying fungus ( + +Daedalea quercina + +), altitude + +420 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. + + + + + +Remarks. + +The female of + +Ameroseius longitrichus + +was originally illustrated by Hirschmann (in +Westerboer and Bernhard 1963 +) as having only 28 pairs instead of 29 pairs of dorsal shield setae. My examination of the specimens from various parts of the North America, identified as + +A. longitrichus + +by Malcolm M. Furniss, Evert E. Lindquist, or John C. Moser, and published in part by +Moser and Roton (1971) +, +Furniss et al. (1972) +and +Moser (1975) +, has revealed that these specimens represents at least two species different from + +A. longitrichus + +, including + +Ameroseius peniophorae + +De Leon, 1964, previously described from Tennessee. These two species seem to be very similar to + +A. longitrichus + +, but can be distinguished by some characters of dorsal and leg chaetotaxy (in + +A. peniophorae + +, all legs are notably thickened and shortend, and femur I and genu I bear a robust and smooth seta on medial ventral surface). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/40/01/1640017AFFCA98486258C05DFA58FC77.xml b/data/16/40/01/1640017AFFCA98486258C05DFA58FC77.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..219c5190d64 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/40/01/1640017AFFCA98486258C05DFA58FC77.xml @@ -0,0 +1,878 @@ + + + +New reddish species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann (Characiformes: Characidae) from the upper rio Xingu basin, Brazil + + + +Author + +Reia, Lais +Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin, s / n, Rubião Jr., 18618 - 689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. (LR) laisreia @ yahoo. com. br (corresponding author), (GSCS) gabriel _ biota @ hotmail. com, (CO) claudio. oliveira @ unesp. br. & Department of Ichthyology, The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, 19103 - 1195, Philadelphia, PA, USA. +laisreia@yahoo.com.br + + + +Author + +Silva, Gabriel de Sousa Costa e + + + +Author + +Oliveira, Claudio +Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin, s / n, Rubião Jr., 18618 - 689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. (LR) laisreia @ yahoo. com. br (corresponding author), (GSCS) gabriel _ biota @ hotmail. com, (CO) claudio. oliveira @ unesp. br. +laisreia@yahoo.com.br + + + +Author + +Benine, Ricardo Cardoso +Laboratório de Ictiologia, Departamento de Biodiversidade e BioestatÍstica, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin, s / n, Rubião Jr., 18618 - 689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. (RCB) ricardo. benine @ unesp. br. +ricardo.benine@unesp.br + +text + + +Neotropical Ichthyology + + +2024 + +e 230089 + + +2024-02-12 + + +22 + + +1 + + +1 +17 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0089 + +journal article +295851 +10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0089 +53c4f389-93de-4e36-b646-02230b6d7276 +1982-0224 +11162975 +2A92F473-C1E9-425B-80B6-5864E58403D3 + + + + + + +Moenkhausia aurora + +, +new species + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +003754E6-0E2E-4F64-A8FD-4E723C3BA46D + + + + + +( +Figs. 1–3 +; +Tab. 2 +) + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +LBP 34895, +37.9 mm +SL, +Brazil +, +Mato Grosso State +, municipality of + + +Primavera do Leste +, +rio Culuene +, +upper rio Xingu +basin, +14°38’21.2”S +53°55’35.3”W + +, +23 Aug 2021 +, L. Reia, G. S. C. Silva, C. S. Souza & E. +V +. Ywamoto. + + + + +Paratypes +. + +All +from +Brazil +. LBP 16063, 26, +26.5–36.8 mm +SL, same locality of the + +holotype +, +5 Aug 2012 +, C. Oliveira, M. Taylor, G. J. C. Silva & J. H. M. Martinez. LBP 30660, 36, +23.3–36.7 mm +SL, 2 c&s, +31.9–32.8 mm +SL, same data of +holotype +. +ANSP +208909, 3, 31.0–34.0 mm SL; +MNRJ +54695, 3, +30.8–33.7 mm +SL; +MZUEL +23348, 3, +30.2–34.7 mm +SL, +MZUSP +118284, 194, 17.6–43.0 mm SL, +Mato Grosso +State, municipality of Primavera do Leste, stream tributary of rio Culuene, rio Xingu + +basin, +14°43’04.4”S +54°04’38.2”W +, + +17 Nov 2014 + +, +F. C. P. Dagosta +, +W. M. Ohara +& +V + +. Giovannetti. + + + + + +FIGURE 1 | + +Moenkhausia aurora + + +, Brazil, Mato Grosso State, municipality of Primavera do Leste, rio Culuene. +A. +LBP 34895, 37.5 mm SL, holotype, male; +B. +LBP 30660, 34 mm SL, paratype, male; +C. +LBP 30660, 31.4 mm SL, paratype, male. + + + + +FIGURE 2 | +Medial view of the left side of maxilla, premaxilla, and dentary. + +Moenkhausia aurora + +, paratype, LBP 16660, 34.8 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso, Primavera do Leste, rio Culuene. Scale bar = 1 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Moenkhausia aurora + +is distinguished from all congeners, except + +M +. +rubra + +, and + +M +. +iris + +by the presence of reddish body color in life specimens. The new species can be readily distinguished from + +M +. +rubra + +by having the base of pelvic and anal fins reddish in live specimens ( +vs +. pelvic and anal fins hyaline), and by the absence of dark pigmentation on anteriormost rays of the anal fin ( +vs +. presence). + +Moenkhausia aurora + +differs from + +M +. +iris + +by lower number of scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin (4 +vs +. 5), and by a lower number of unbranched anal-fin rays (iii +vs +. iv-v). + +Moenkhausia aurora + +is also distinguished from all congeners, except + +M +. +bonita +Benine, Castro & Sabino, 2004 + +, + +M +. +celibela +Marinho & Langeani, 2010 + +, + +M +. +dichroura +(Kner, 1858) + +, + +M +. +intermedia +Eigenmann, 1908 + +, and + +M +. +lopesi +Britski & Silimon 2001 + +, by the absence of a humeral blotch (variable in + +M. dichroura + +and + +M. intermedia + +see + +Lima +et al +., 2020 + +vs +. presence). The new species differs from + +M +. +lopesi + +by having, in life specimens, a reddish color on the posterior portion of the body, as well as on the base of the anal, adipose, and pelvic fins ( +Fig. 3A +) ( +vs +. yellowish, +Fig. 3B +), and by the lower number of maxillary teeth (2–3 +vs +. 3–7). + +Moenkhausia aurora + +can be distinguished from + +M +. +bonita + +, + +M. celibela + +, + +M. dichroura + +, and + +M +. +intermedia + +by the absence of dark pigmentation on caudal-fin lobes ( +vs +. two black blotches on caudal fin, one on each lobe in + +M +. +bonita + +, + +M +. +dichroura + +, and + +M +. +intermedia + +, and one blotch on dorsal lobe in + +M +. +celibela + +). + +Moenkhausia aurora + +can be distinguished from + +M +. +dichroura + +and + +M +. +intermedia + +by a lower number of gill rakers on the first arch (9–14+1+ 6–8 +vs +. 18–22 +1+ 10–11). Additionally, + +M +. +aurora + +differs from + +M +. +lopesi + +, + +M +. +bonita + +, + +M +. +celibela + +, + +M +. +dichroura + +, and + +M. intermedia + +by having a concentration of dark pigments on the anterior margin of the caudal-fin rays ( +Figs. 1 +, +3A +) ( +vs +. scarcely pigmented). + + + + +Description. +Data summarized in +Tab. 2 +. Small-sized species, largest specimen examined 43.0 mm SL. Body compressed laterally, moderately elongated, greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head convex from its tip to vertical through posterior nostril; straight to slightly convex from that point to tip of supraoccipital spine. Dorsal profile of body convex from tip of supraoccipital spine to dorsal-fin origin; dorsal-fin base slightly convex to straight and posteroventrally inclined; slightly convex to straight from last dorsal-fin rays to adipose-fin insertion; adipose-fin base slightly inclined posteroventrally; slightly concave from terminus of adipose-fin base to anteriormost dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays. Ventral profile of head slightly convex to straight from chin to isthmus. Ventral profile of body slightly convex to anal-fin origin; anal-fin base straight and inclined posterodorsally; slightly concave from terminus of anal fin base to anteriormost ventral procurrent caudal-fin ray. + + + +TABLE 2 | +Morphometric data for holotype and paratypes of +Moenkhausia aurora +. SD = Standard deviation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Holotype + +N + +Range + +Mean + +SD +
Standart length37.94428.1-43.034.2-
+Porcentages of standart length +
Greatest depth36.84429.9-36.834.01.7
Snout to dorsal-fin origin52.04449.8-54.251.61.0
Snout to pelvic-fin origin47.24441.4-51.047.51.7
Snout to pectoral-fin origin29.44426.7-30.128.40.8
Snout to anal-fin origin63.64460.1-67.262.91.8
Caudal peduncle depth11.84410.4-12.311.40.5
Caudal peduncle length11.4449.7-13.911.40.9
Pectoral-fin length25.34421.1-26.323.81.2
Pelvic-fin length21.04415.5-21.618.31.5
Dorsal-fin length32.44325.5-33.529.51.9
Dorsal-fin base14.54412.4-15.713.90.7
Anal-fin length20.84316.9-22.819.51.4
Anal-fin base30.84426.9-34.030.31.8
Eye to dorsal-fin origin36.64434.0-38.936.71.2
Dorsal-fin origin to caudal-fin origin53.74450.6-55.352.71.2
Head depth19.94318.4-22.320.70.9
Head length27.84426.0-29.527.60.8
+Porcentages of head length +
Orbital diameter40.04436.9-47.442.22.5
Interorbital distance32.64430.2-34.432.01.2
Snout length27.24420.0-31.626.73.3
Upper jaw length48.44446.8-53.350.31.7
+ + +Eyes large. Mouth terminal. Premaxillary teeth in two rows. Outer row with 3(6), 4*(26) or 5(10) tricuspid teeth; inner row with 5(40) or 6*(2) pentacuspid teeth, the last tooth varying from tricuspid to pentacuspid. Maxillary with 2*(27) or 3(14) pentacuspid to tricuspid teeth. Tip of maxilla through vertical reaching posterior half of second infraorbital. Dentary with 4*(42) pentacuspid teeth, followed by one small tricuspid tooth and a row varying between 5–13(4 c&s) small conic teeth. Central cuspid in all teeth more developed than lateral cusps ( +Fig. 2 +). First gill arch with 6(3), 7*(20), 8(5) gill rakers on upper limb, 1(28) gill raker on intermediate cartilage and 9(1), 11*(6), 12(20), 14(1) gill rakers on lower limb. + + +Scales cycloid. Lateral line complete, slightly curved with 34(12), 35*(22), or 36(8) pored scales. +One specimen +with interrupted lateral line. Longitudinal scale rows above lateral line 5*(43) or 6(1). Longitudinal scale rows below lateral line 4*(44). Circumpeduncular scale rows 13(10), 14*(30) or 15(1). Single row of scales overlaying basal portion of anterior anal-fin rays. Small scales covering proximal one-third of caudal-fin lobes. + +Dorsal-fin rays ii,9*(43). Pectoral-fin rays i,10(23), 11*(9), 12(2), or i,10,i(8) with their tips surpassing pelvic-fin origin. Pelvic-fin rays i,6(2) or 7*(40), with their tips surpassing anal-fin rays only in males. Anal fin slightly falcate, last unbranched, and four first branched rays longest. Anal-fin rays iii,18(1), 19(9), 20*(24), 21(7) or 22(1). Caudal fin forked, lobes of similar size. Caudal-fin rays i,9,8,i. Dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays 10(2). Ventral procurrent caudal-fins rays 8(2). Total vertebrae 33(2). Supraneurals 4(2). + +Coloration in alcohol. +Overall body coloration yellowish. Dorsal portions of head and body darkly pigmented. Lips and maxilla densely pigmented; infraorbitals, opercle, and preopercle light beige, with scattered melanophores. Dorsolateral portion of the body with scattered dark chromatophores concentrated on distal margin of scales, exhibiting a reticulated pattern on three first horizontal rows. Conspicuous midlateral dark stripe, extending from posterior margin of opercle to middle caudal-fin rays. Dark stripe narrow anteriorly, becoming wide from vertical line just anterior dorsal-fin origin region, with median portion darker than anterior and posterior ones. Melanophores scattered between midlateral dark stripe and second row of scales below lateral line horizontally. A thin black stripe on the base of anal fin. Pectoral, pelvic, and anal fins hyaline, with melanophores scattered. Anterior portion of caudal-fin rays with concentrated melanophores on lepidotrichia margins, more evident on medial rays, forming a dark stripe, and in the upper and lower unbranched rays. Posterior portion of caudal-fin rays entirely hyaline, without melanophores. + + +Coloration in life. +Dorsal portion of head, lips and maxilla emerald green; first, second, and third infraorbitals silver; fifth and sixth infraorbitals gold. Gular region reddish. Laterodorsal portion of trunk emerald green, becoming reddish from dorsal-fin origin to caudal peduncle. Lateroventral portion of trunk from isthmus to pelvic-fin origin silver to gold became reddish from that point to caudal peduncle. Upper portion of eyes golden, ventral portion silver. Inconspicuous midlateral silver stripe becomes black from vertical line just last anal-fin rays to middle caudal-fin rays. A concentration of black pigments on the anterior margin of the caudal-fin rays. Pectoral fin yellow to red. Pelvic, dorsal, adipose, anal, and caudal fins red on base, orange in central, and white on their tips ( +Fig. 3A +). + + + +FIGURE 3 | +Color in life of + +Moenkhausia aurora + +( +A +), paratype, LBP 30660, Brazil, Mato Grosso State, municipality of Primavera do Leste, rio Culuene. Specimen not measured. Photo by Eric V. Ywamoto; and + +Moenkhausia lopesi + +( +B +) from Mato Grosso State, municipality of Sonora, rio Piquiri drainage, rio Paraguay basin. Specimen not measured. Photo by Heriberto G. Junior. + + + +Sexual dimorphism. +Pelvic-fin length in adult males is proportionally longer than in adult females (19.4–21.6 +vs +. 15.5–17.5% of SL), with their tips surpassing anal-fin rays. This result was corroborated by covariance analysis ( +Fig. 4 +), which presents a strong relation between pelvic-fin length and standard length influencing the sex with p-value>0.05. Bony hooks were not found on fin rays. + + +Geographical distribution. + +Moenkhausia aurora + +is known from the upper rio Culuene drainage, rio Xingu basin, municipality of Primavera do Leste, +Mato Grosso State +, +Brazil +( +Fig. 5 +). + + +Ecological notes. +The type-locality of + +M +. +aurora + +is a tributary of the rio Culuene with about +10 m +width, +1.5 m +deep, and +470 m +above sea level ( +Fig. 6 +). The stretch sampled presents riparian vegetation composed of trees and shrubs, fast and transparent water with the substrate formed by sand and submerged aquatic macrophytes. + +Moenkhausia aurora + +was collected syntopically with + +Hyphessobrycon loweae + +Costa & Géry, 1994, + +Hemigrammus +sp. + +, + +Rhinotocinclus acuen +(Silva, Roxo & Oliveira, 2014) + +, + +Knodus +sp. + +, and + +Leporinus multimaculatus +Birindelli, Teixeira & Britski, 2016 + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet + +aurora + +comes from Latin, which means dawn or sunrise. In allusion to the red, orange, and gold colors present in specimens in life. A noun in apposition. + + + +FIGURE 4 | +The relationship between standard length and pelvic-fin length in + +Moenkhausia aurora + +. + + + + +FIGURE 5 | +Map of central South America indicating the type locality (triangle) of + +Moenkhausia aurora + +. + + + +Conservation status. + +Moenkhausia aurora + +is known from two localities of the upper rio Culuene, rio Xingu basin, and its conservation status is uncertain based on the currently available geographic distribution. However, no imminent threats to the species were detected in the area of occurrence; we suggest that + +M +. +aurora + +should be classified as Least Concern ( +LC +) according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( +IUCN +) categories and criteria ( +IUCN +Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2022). + + +Genetics. +The final matrix comprehended 600 pb with 155 variable sites. The composition of frequency of nucleotides obtained was A = 25.2%, C = 25.1%, G = 18.3%, and +T += 31.4%. The values of Iss. were lower than Iss.c, indicating an absence of saturation in our matrix. The best evolution nucleotide model was GTR+G (General Time Reversible + Gamma) with an AICc value = 3888.273. However, the genetic distances analysis did not include this model, so we used the third best model TN93+G (Tamura-Nei + Gamma) model, with an AICc value = 3901.128. Genetic analyses supported + +Moenkhausia aurora + +as a distinct lineage. Overall, the mean genetic distance was 5%±0.01 without the outgroup. The genetic distance interspecific ranged from 2.2%±0.6 between + +M +. +bonita + +, and + +M +. aff. +lopesi + +rio Sepotuba basin to 10.2%±1.6 between + +M +. aff. +lopesi + +rio Juruena basin and + +M +. +lopesi + +rio Piquiri basin ( +Tab. 3 +). + +Moenkhausia aurora + +has 5.9%±0.010 of genetic distance from + +M +. +lopesi + +, the most similar species in terms of morphology. The Asap ( +ASAP +score = 2.00, + +Fig. +S1 + +) and PTP methods discriminate the same eight lineages for the data and supported the identity of + +M +. +aurora + +( +Figs. 7 +and + +S +2 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/40/28/164028E095C45DF1A726EE61C4114AA3.xml b/data/16/40/28/164028E095C45DF1A726EE61C4114AA3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24ac32243c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/40/28/164028E095C45DF1A726EE61C4114AA3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ + + + +Review of the North American fauna of Drymeia Meigen (Diptera, Muscidae) and evaluation of DNA barcodes for species-level identification in the genus + + + +Author + +Savage, Jade +Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada +jsavage@ubishops.ca + + + +Author + +Sorokina, Vera S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3679-9005 +Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-03-15 + + +1024 + + +31 +89 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1024.60393 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1024.60393 +1313-2970-1024-31 +52DD663A1C914E86A8E3A68C33F1A9EF +713DF2410D3B562C867366B14011E11E + + + + +Drymeia aldrichi (Malloch, 1918) +Figs 6L +, 9B +, 10B + + + + +Pogonomyia aldrichi +Malloch, 1918: 281. + + +Pogonomyia unicolor +, Stein, 1920: 22. + + + + +Type +material examined. + + + +Pogonomyia aldrichi + +- + +Holotype + + +male labelled " +INHS +/Insect Collection/238,899; "Moscow Ida/v.22.13"; " +TYPE +/ +Pogonomyia +/ +Drymeia aldrichi +/ +♂ +[red]" ( +INHS +) + +. + + + +Other material examined. + + +2 females +: +Nearctic +: + +USA + +: +Idaho +: +Moscow +( +INHS +) + +. + + + +Distribution. + + +Nearctic: +Canada +( +Alberta +), USA (Washington to California (see remarks), Wyoming) + +. + + + +DNA barcode. +None available. + + +Remarks. + +While +California +was listed in the distribution of + +D. aldrichi + +by +Huckett (1965b) +, the species was not included in a subsequent work by the same author on the fauna of +California +( +Huckett 1975 +). We therefore suspect that early records of + +D. aldrichi + +from +California +belong instead to another species, possibly the very similar + +D. amnicola + +, described by Huckett in 1966. As mentioned in the DNA barcoding section below, both the distribution and the limits of + +D. aldrichi + +are currently uncertain and additional data will be required to clarify the issue. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/40/7C/16407C2AE4B7D420AD8ADE0E929B9F63.xml b/data/16/40/7C/16407C2AE4B7D420AD8ADE0E929B9F63.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5967d97f981 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/40/7C/16407C2AE4B7D420AD8ADE0E929B9F63.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Chorebus crassipes (Stelfox, 1954) + + + + +Dacnusa crassipes +Stelfox, 1954 + + + +Distribution +Scotland, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/40/9F/16409F2630725FBF8562D5B256B5955E.xml b/data/16/40/9F/16409F2630725FBF8562D5B256B5955E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ecaed6eab9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/40/9F/16409F2630725FBF8562D5B256B5955E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ + + + +New genus and species of calanoid copepods (Crustacea) belonging to the group of Bradfordian families collected from the hyperbenthic layers off Japan + + + +Author + +Komeda, Sota +Takehara Station, Setouchi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 5 - 8 - 1 Minato-machi, Takehara, Hiroshima, 725 - 0024, Japan +d196208@hiroshima-u.ac.jp + + + +Author + +Ohtsuka, Susumu +Takehara Station, Setouchi Field Science Center, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 5 - 8 - 1 Minato-machi, Takehara, Hiroshima, 725 - 0024, Japan +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6018-7442 + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +951 + + +21 +35 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.951.49990 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.951.49990 +1313-2970-951-21 +D6B82671C4A84846AA72E59B17C19E0C +7F5D76C14C1B55BD9DB4BF99FC623CE7 + + + + +Genus +Pogonura +gen. nov. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Female. +Body compact. Cephalosome incompletely fused to first pediger with suture line dorsally and laterally visible. Fourth and fifth pedigers completely fused, weakly produced posteriorly into round lobes. Rostrum produced ventrally, with pair of filaments. Genital double-somite symmetrical, with pair of seminal copulatory pores and seminal receptacles; seminal copulatory pores ovaliform; genital operculum ventrally located midway; two spiniform setae located ventrolaterally, as long as genital double-somite. Antennule 24-segmented, with ancestral segments II-IV, X-XI, and XXVII-XXVIII fused; II-IV, VII, X-XI, XIV, XVI, XXI and XXVII-XXVIII with aesthetasc. Setal formula of antennary exopod as follows: 1, 1-1-1, 1, 1-1, 1, 0, 3. Mandible with gnathobase having 1 triangular ventral tooth, 5 chitinized teeth, 16 long setules, and 1 dorsal seta. Maxillulary exopod with 8 setae. Maxillary endopod with 5 brush-like setae and 3 sclerotized setae. Maxilliped with syncoxa having 1, 2, 3, 3 sclerotized setae. Legs 1-4 of typical clausocalanoidean segmentation and setation. Posterior surface of legs 2 and 3 with an exopodal spinule and 3 endopodal spinules. Leg 5 uniramous, 2-segmented, distal segment with 3 lateral process and 1 articulated spine. + + +Male. +Body similar to that of female. Fusion between cephalosome and first pediger and between fourth and fifth pedigers resembling those of female. Genital somite with gonopore on left side. Rostrum as in female. Right antennule 22-segmented, with ancestral segments II-IV, X-XII, XXII-XXIII, and XXVII-XXVIII fused. Left antennule 23-segmented, with ancestral segments II-IV, X-XII, and XXVII-XXVIII fused. Antenna, mandible, maxillule, maxilla, maxilliped and legs 1-4 similar to those of female. Leg 5 complex in structure. Right leg uniramous, endopod absent; expod 2-segmented. Left leg biramous with 1-segmented endopod; exopods 2-segmented, decorated by various armatures; distal part of exopod with rugose plate. + + + +Remarks. + +Because + +Pogonura + +gen. nov. has brush-like sensory setae on the maxillary endopod, it can be assigned to one of the Bradfordian families. The new genus can be tentatively included in +Diaixidae +because it fits the familial diagnosis proposed by +Markhaseva et al. (2014) +, except for the proximal basal endite of the maxillule with 3 setae (vs. 4 setae typical for the +Diaixidae +) and 2-segmented exopods of both legs 5 of the male. + + +The present new genus also shares the following characteristics with the diaixid genus + +Procenognatha + +( +Markhaseva and Schulz 2010 +): the maxilliped carries no specialized sensory setae; legs 2 and 3 carry 3 large spinules on the posterior surface; and leg 5 of the female is uniramous, 2-segmented, with the distal segment having 3 processes and 1 articulated spine. + + +The male of the present new species has complex structures on leg 5, which can be seen in other diaixid genera such as + +Anawekia + +and + +Diaixis + +. These three genera have rows of setules and/or spinules on the left exopod of leg 5 [cf. figs 7 and 9 in +Othman and Greenwood (1994) +; figs 11 and 12 in +Andronov (1979) +], and these setulae and/or spinules seem to be homologues in position and shape. However, + +Anawekia + +and + +Diaixis + +have some derivative characteristics: (1) the posterior corner of the prosome, leg 4, and the urosome of both sexes are asymmetrical; (2) female leg 5 is totally reduced; and (3) the left endopod of male leg 5 is reduced. + + +According to +Markhaseva et al. (2014) +, the family +Diaixidae +has hitherto accommodated 15 genera. + +Pogonura + +gen. nov. is differentiated from these diaixid genera by the following features (morphological data from +Markhaseva et al. 2014 +): (1) the genital double-somite of the female has a symmetrical pair of long spiniform setae (only + +Pogonura + +gen. nov.), (2) the distal part of the left exopod on male leg 5 has a rugose plate (only + +Pogonura + +gen. nov.), (3) the ancestral segments XI-XII of the male antennule are fused (shared by + +Pogonura + +gen. nov., + +Byrathis + +, + +Diaixis + +, + +Paraxantharus + +, + +Procenognatha + +and + +Xantharus + +), (4) the setal formula of the antennary exopod is 1, 1-1-1, 1, 1-1, 1, 0, 3 (only + +Pogonura + +gen. nov.), (5) the mandibular gnathobase has long setules ( + +Pogonura + +gen. nov., + +Cenognatha + +, + +Neoscolecithrix + +, + +Paraxantharus + +and + +Procenognatha + +), and (6) the maxillary endopod has 3 sclerotized setae ( + +Pogonura + +gen. nov. and + +Procenognatha + +). + + + +Etymology. + +The new generic name is derived from two Greek words +pogon +, meaning +"beard" +, and +oura +, meaning +"tail" +, to denote the paired setae like moustache on the genital double-somite of the female. Gender feminine. + + + +Type species. + + +Pogonura rugosa + +sp. nov. (original designation). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5205603FF3E73B3FB72D315.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5205603FF3E73B3FB72D315.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c1bf7f5d02 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5205603FF3E73B3FB72D315.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Mirachelonus +Zhou & Achterberg & Tang & Chen, 2022 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 16–18 +) + + + + +Diagnosis +. Head transverse ( +Figs 16B–C +); antennomeres +16 in +female and +25 in +male; flagellum gradually shortens from base to apex ( +Fig. 18A +); 3 +rd +–7 +th +antennomeres comparatively slender, 8 +th +–11 +th +antennomeres distinctly widened ( +Fig. 18A +); head striate-rugose and shiny ( +Figs 16A–D +); mesosoma coarsely reticulate-rugose ( +Figs 16A, E–F +, +17A +); scutellum distinctly protruding above level of mesoscutum, with same sculpture as mesosoma ( +Fig. 17A +); propodeum with a transverse carina and four distinct tooth-like tubercles ( +Fig. 17A +); third tergite of metasomal carapace almost straightly narrowed, coarsely longitudinal rugulose, connected by transverse elements, smooth apically ( +Fig. 17C +); apex of carapace truncate and narrow in dorsal view ( +Fig. 17C +), in lateral view apex of carapace deeply incurved ventrally ( +Fig. 17B +); apex of carapace with a rather small round aperture ( +Fig. 17D +). + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. Oriental region. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA520560DFF3E7197FBB7D6AB.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA520560DFF3E7197FBB7D6AB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..49028ab5a71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA520560DFF3E7197FBB7D6AB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,310 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Mirachelonus) melanogastrus + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 16–17 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +05808E2F-01E7-4340-8CD6-F3E365A8CF07 + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, male, +INDIA +: +Kerala +, +Kozhikode +, +Ambalappara +, +11°32’46 N +, +75°55’24 E +, + + +726 m + +. + +a.s.l., + +30.xii.2015 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + +Paratypes +, +2 males +with same data as holotype ( +AIMB +) + +. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, male, length of body 3.0 mm, of fore wing +2.2 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 25 antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres; third antennomere 1.2 × longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 2.3 ×, 1.9 × and 1.8 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 16B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 16C +); OOL: OD: POL= 2.3: 1.0: 1.4; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.5 × height of temples; vertex transversely striate ( +Fig. 16C +); frons distinctly concave, striate with a complete midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 16C +); occiput transversely striate ( +Fig. 16C +); temple longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 16D +); face longitudinally striate laterally, transversely striate anteriorly and posteriorly, rugose medially, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 16B +); clypeus flat and sparsely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 16B +); length of malar space 2.3 × basal width of mandible. + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.3 × its height; pronotum rugose laterally ( +Figs 16D–E +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose, without longitudinal depressions medially ( +Fig. 16F +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 16F +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 16F +); scutellar sulcus divided by three carinae ( +Fig. 16F +); scutellum reticulate-rugose with a midlongitudinal carina, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 16F +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 16E +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 17A +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, transverse carina indistinct, but complete ( +Fig. 17A +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subapically ( +Fig. 17E +); length of fore wing 2.5 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.3 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present ( +Fig. 17E +); vein r shorter than 3-SR ( +Fig. 17E +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.0: 1.5: 6.1; SRl more or less curved ( +Fig. 17E +); parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 17E +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 3.2; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 17E +). + + +Legs +. Hind coxa with transverse wrinkles, densely short setose ( +Fig. 17B +); hind femur robust ( +Fig. 17B +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.2 ×, 3.5 × and 4.0 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with a pair of midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 17C +); length of carapace 3.1 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace with lamella laterally ( +Fig. 17B +); ventral cavity closed apically ( +Fig. 17D +); carapace truncate apically with a rather small round aperture and narrow in dorsal view ( +Fig. 17D +), apex of carapace deeply incurved ventrally in lateral view ( +Fig. 17B +). + + +Colour +. Black except eyes grey, antenna, ocelli, mandible, maxillary and labial palps, venation, pterostigma, legs brownish yellow to dark brown. + + +Female +. Unknown. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Kerala +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named after the black coloured metasoma. + + + +FIGURE 16 +. + +Chelonus (Mirachelonus) melanogastrus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, male A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, dorsal view; D) head, lateral view; E) mesosoma, lateral view; F) mesosoma, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURE 17 +. + +Chelonus (Mirachelonus) melanogastrus + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, male A) propodeum, dorsal view; B) metasoma, lateral view; C) metasoma, dorsal view; D) metasoma, ventral view; E) wings. + + + +Comparative diagnosis +. This is the first distribution record of the subgenus from +India +. The new species differs from the +type +species of the subgenus ( + +C. (M.) miraventris + +) in having carapace without yellow spot (with yellow spot in + +C. (M.) miraventris + +), face irregularly sculptured medially (striate-rugose in + +C. (M.) miraventris + +), third and fourth antennomeres 2.3, 1.9 × as long as wide respectively (3.2 × in + +C. (M.) miraventris + +), OOL 1.6 × POL ( +1.1 in + +C. (M.) miraventris + +), longitudinal diameter of eye 1.5 × height of temples (2.3 × in + +C. (M.) miraventris + +), hind tibia 3.5 × as long as wide (4.5 × in + +C. (M.) miraventris + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5255600FF3E71AAF81AD0FD.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5255600FF3E71AAF81AD0FD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..34d6f10ca95 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5255600FF3E71AAF81AD0FD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,322 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) sahyadriensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 14–15 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +1EE07063-537B-4E84-999D-5417E207CCCB + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Kerala +, Kozhikode, +Janakikkad +, 11°37’309 N, 75°47308 E, + + +29 m + +. + +a.s.l., + +3.i.2020 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + +Paratypes +, +19 females +and +8 males +, +INDIA +: +Telengana +, +Kotireddy Palle +, +14°17’44 N +, +78°05’16 E +, + + +429 m + + + + +.a.s.l., + +10.viii.2010 + +, coll. +Priyadarsanan, D.R. +( +AIMB +) + +. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +6.1 mm +, of fore wing +3.8 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 16 antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres ( +Fig. 14A +); third antennomere 1.2 × longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 5.3 ×, 3.6 × and 2.2 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 14B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 14C +); OOL: OD: POL= 2.7: 1.0: 2.4; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.5 × height of temples; vertex coarsely striate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 14C +); frons distinctly concave, striate-rugose medially with a complete midlongitudinal carina, longitudinally striate laterally ( +Fig. 14C +); occiput transversely striate-rugose ( +Fig. 14C +); temple longitudinally striate-rugose ( +Fig. 14D +); face coarsely striate-rugose laterally, transversely striate-rugose anteriorly, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 14B +); clypeus flat and densely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 14B +); length of malar space 3.1 × basal width of mandible. + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.4 × its height; pronotum rugose laterally ( +Fig. 14D +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose ( +Fig. 14F +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 14F +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 14F +); scutellar sulcus divided by five carinae ( +Fig. 14F +); scutellum punctate medially, setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 14F +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 14E +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 15A +); propodeum with indistinct medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with irregular areola delineated by carina, transverse carina indistinct, but complete ( +Fig. 15A +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subapically ( +Fig. 15F +); length of fore wing 3.2 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.4 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl just present ( +Fig. 15F +); vein r longer than 3-SR ( +Fig. 15F +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.2: 1.0: 5.1; SRl straight ( +Fig. 15F +); parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 15F +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 3.8; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 15F +). + + +Legs +. Hind coxa striate-rugose, densely short setose ( +Fig. 15B +); hind femur robust ( +Fig. 15D +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.1 ×, 4.2 × and 4.4 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half ( +Fig. 15B +). + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, without a pair of posteriorly converging midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 15C +); length of carapace 2.1 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace with undulating lamella laterally ( +Figs 15B, D +); ventral cavity closed apically, with a pair of long and pointed teeth ( +Fig. 15E +); ovipositor long, slender ( +Fig. 15B +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.2 × as long as fore wing, 0.7 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes, scape, ocelli, mandibles, maxillary and labial palps, tegula, mid and hind coxa, hind femur, ovipositor reddish brown, fore leg, mid leg except coxa reddish yellow, basal wing veins, parastigma, hind tibia basally and apically, hind tibial spurs, hind basitarsus, carapace basolaterally yellow. + + +Male +. Same as female. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Karnataka +and +Kerala +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species name ‘sahyadriensis’ is derived from the Sanskrit name of Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. + + + +FIGURE 14 +. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) sahyadriensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, dorsal view; D) head, lateral view; E) mesosoma, lateral view; F) mesosoma, dorsal view. + + + +Comparative diagnosis +. This new species is found to be one of the large sized species among the subgenus + +Megachelonus + +. It comes close to + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +in having carapace with a pair of long teeth apically. However, it differs from the latter by the following characters: third antennomere 5.3 × as long as wide (4.7 × in + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +), OOL 1.1 × POL (1.5 × in + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +), length of malar space 3.1 × basal width of mandible (1.6 × in + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +), length of fore wing 3.2 × its width (2.7 × in + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +), fore wing vein r longer than 3-SR (as long as in + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +), fore wing vein 2-CU1 3.8 × as long as 1-CU1 (2.0 × in + +C. (M.) macrodontus + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52A560AFF3E7408FB98D36D.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52A560AFF3E7408FB98D36D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00e786dd228 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52A560AFF3E7408FB98D36D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Parachelonus) komsingensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 21–22 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +CECEB3F1-A1AB-468F-98A1-C5AB974B7834 + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Komsing +, 28°25’3592 N, 95°00’0628 E, + +1208 m + +.a.s.l., + +2.v.2022 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +). + + + + + +FIGURE 21 +. + +Chelonus (Parachelonus) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, dorsal view; D) mesosoma, lateral view; E) mesosoma, dorsal view; F) propodeum, dorsal view. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +3.7 mm +, of fore wing +3.2 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 31 antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres ( +Fig. 21A +); third antennomere 1.1 × longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 4.0 ×, 3.5 × and 2.4 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 21B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 21C +); OOL: OD: POL= 3.0: 1.0: 1.3; longitudinal diameter of eye 0.9 × height of temples; vertex transversely striate ( +Fig. 21C +); frons distinctly concave, striate medially with a complete midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 21C +); occiput transversely striate ( +Fig. 21C +); temple longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 21A +); face transversely striate, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 21B +); clypeus flat and densely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 21B +); length of malar space 1.8 × basal width of mandible. + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height; pronotum rugose laterally ( +Fig. 21D +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose, without longitudinal depressions medially ( +Fig. 21E +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 21E +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 21E +); scutellar sulcus divided by five carinae ( +Fig. 21E +); scutellum punctate medially with longitudinal rugae, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 21E +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 21D +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 21F +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with irregular areola delineated by carina medially, transverse carina distinct, complete ( +Fig. 21F +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subbasally and subapically ( +Fig. 22D +); length of fore wing 2.7 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.2 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present ( +Fig. 22D +); vein r slightly longer than 3-SR ( +Fig. 22D +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.1: 1.0: 4.3; SRl more or less curved ( +Fig. 22D +); parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 22D +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 2.8; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 22D +). + + + +FIGURE 22 +. + +Chelonus (Parachelonus) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) metasoma, lateral view; B) metasoma, dorsal view; C) metasoma, ventral view; D) fore wing. + + + +Legs +. Hind coxa punctate, densely short setose ( +Fig. 22A +); hind femur robust ( +Fig. 22A +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 2.8 ×, 4.5 × and 3.3 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half ( +Fig. 22A +). + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with a pair of midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 22B +); length of carapace 1.9 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace without undulating lamella laterally ( +Figs 22A, C +); ventral cavity closed apically ( +Figs 22A, C +); ovipositor long, slender ( +Fig. 22C +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.06 × as long as fore wing, 0.2 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes grey, antenna, ocelli, tegula, wing venation, pterostigma, tarsi, mid tibia apically, hind coxa basally brown, maxillary and labial palps, fore leg except tarsus, mid leg except tarsus, hind leg except coxa basally, femur apical 2/3 +rd +, tibia basally and apical half and tarsus, carapace basally yellow. + + +Male +. Same as female. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Arunachal Pradesh +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named after the +type +locality. + + +Comparative diagnosis +. This new species comes close to + +C. (P.) gravenhorstii +(Nees) + +in having body length less than +5 mm +and yellowish legs. It differs from the latter by the following differences, 31 antennomeres and longer than body (29 antennomeres, as long as body in + +C. (P.) gravenhorstii + +), carapace slightly narrowed apically (distinctly narrowed apically in + +C. (P.) gravenhorstii + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52C560EFF3E72B6FCF3D035.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52C560EFF3E72B6FCF3D035.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5be265ebc35 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52C560EFF3E72B6FCF3D035.xml @@ -0,0 +1,303 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Parachelonus) expeditious + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 19–20 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +5D2C650F-892C-42C8-816D-A114C02040C2 + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Yingku +, 28°45’95 N, 94°88’471 E, + +2756 m + +.a.s.l., + +7.v.2022 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + +Paratypes +, +1 male +with same data as holotype + +. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +3.6 mm +, of fore wing +3.1 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 23 remaining antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres ( +Fig. 19A +); third antennomere as long as fourth; third and fourth antennomeres 2.8 ×, 3.1 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 19B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 19C +); OOL: OD: POL= 1.7: 1.5: 1.0; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.2 × height of temples; vertex transversely striate ( +Fig. 19C +); frons distinctly concave, smooth medially with a complete midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 19C +); occiput transversely striate ( +Fig. 19C +); temple longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 19D +); face transversely striate, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 19B +); clypeus flat and densely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 19B +); length of malar space 2.6 × basal width of mandible. + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.5 × its height; lateral pronotum rugose anteriorly, smooth posteriorly ( +Figs 19D–E +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose, without longitudinal depressions medially ( +Fig. 19F +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 19F +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 19F +); scutellar sulcus divided by seven carinae ( +Fig. 19F +); scutellum punctate medially without longitudinal rugae, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 19F +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 19E +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 20A +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with large pentagonal areola delineated by carina medially, area near to median areola smooth, transverse carina distinct, complete ( +Fig. 20A +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subbasally and subapically ( +Fig. 20E +); length of fore wing 2.7 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.3 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present ( +Fig. 20E +); vein r 1.5 × as long as 3-SR ( +Fig. 20E +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.5: 1.0: 6.6; SRl more or less curved ( +Fig. 20E +); parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 20E +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 3.0; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 20E +). + + +Legs +. Hind coxa smooth, densely short setose ( +Fig. 20B +); hind femur robust ( +Fig. 20B +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.1 ×, 4.6 × and 5.1 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half ( +Fig. 19A +). + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with a pair of midlongitudinal carinae basally, with median longitudinal carina running half-length of propodeum ( +Fig. 20C +); length of carapace 2.2 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace without undulating lamella laterally ( +Fig. 20B +); ventral cavity closed apically ( +Fig. 20D +); ovipositor long, slender ( +Fig. 20D +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.07 × as long as fore wing, 0.2 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes brownish red, antennomeres, pterostigma, hind femur apical half, mid and hind tibia basally and apical 1/3 +rd +, ovipositor sheath brown, scape and pedicel, maxillary and labial palps, tegula, fore leg, hind leg except tibia apical 1/3 +rd +, hind leg except femur apical half, tibia apical 1/3 +rd +, metasomal carapace basal half yellow. + + +Male +. Same as female. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Arunachal Pradesh +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named after the Siang expedition, a reassessment of biodiversity exploration held in +2022 in +the Siang Valley, +Arunachal Pradesh +. + + +Comparative diagnosis +. This new species comes close to + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +in having body colouration sculpture. However, this new species can be distinguished from + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +by the following characters; lateral pronotum smooth posteriorly (rugose in + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +), propodeum with pentagonal areola medially (with irregular areola medially in + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +), area near to median areola smooth (rugose in + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +), third antennomere 2.8 × as long as wide (4.0 × in + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +) and hind basitarsus long, 5.1 × as long as wide (3.3 × in + +C. (P.) komsingensis + + +sp. nov. + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52F560CFF3E73B3FBC3D3DD.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52F560CFF3E73B3FBC3D3DD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..914d71679c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52F560CFF3E73B3FBC3D3DD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Mirachelonus) miraventris +Zhou & Achterberg & Tang & Chen, 2022 + + + + + + + +( +Figure 18 +) + + + + +Material examined +. + +1 female +, “ +INDIA +: +Kerala +, Kozhikode, +Kozhippara +, 11°33’62 N, +76°11’02 E +, + + +766 m + + + + +.a.s.l., + +27.i.2018 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + +2 females +INDIA +: +Kerala +, Kozhikode, +Ambalappara +, +11°32’46 N +, +75°55’24 E +, + + +726 m + + + + +.a.s.l., + +30.xii.2015 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Antenna with 16 antennomeres ( +Fig. 18A +); head transverse; vertex with transverse rugae; temple longitudinally striate-rugose; face striate-rugose, clypeus shiny, finely punctate; mesoscutum reticulate-rugose; scutellum punctate medially, rugose laterally, more or less protruding above level of mesoscutum; scutellar suture comparatively deep and with 4 carinae; mesopleuron coarsely reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 18A +); propodeum coarsely reticulate-rugose with transverse carina and four blunt tubercles; hind coxa with transverse wrinkles ( +Fig. 18A +); third tergite of carapace straightly narrowed, densly reticulate-rugose; apex of carapace truncate and narrow in dorsal view, with a wide ventral lamella in lateral view ( +Fig. 18A +); apex of carapace deeply incurved ( +Fig. 18A +). + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +China +, +India +(present study). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52F560FFF3E7403FBBDD035.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52F560FFF3E7403FBBDD035.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8f9580fcac1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA52F560FFF3E7403FBBDD035.xml @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Parachelonus +Tobias, 1995 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 19–22 +) + + + + +Diagnosis +. Head transverse ( +Figs 19B–C +, +21B–C +); female antenna with more than 26 antennomeres ( +Figs 19A +, +21A +); face mostly striate ( +Figs 19B +, +21B +); clypeus semi-elliptical ( +Figs 19B +, +21B +); eyes long elliptical or ovoid in lateral view ( +Figs 19A, D +, +21A +); frons rather concave, smooth ( +Figs 19C +, +21C +); vertex and occiput striate ( +Figs 19C +, +21C +); mesoscutum reticulate-rugose ( +Figs 19F +, +21E +); notauli impressed ( +Figs 19F +, +21E +); scutellum irregularly sculptured ( +Figs 19F +, +21E +); propodeum coarsely rugose with medial and lateral tubercles ( +Figs 19E +, +20A +, +21F +); fore wing vein SR1 complete ( +Figs 20E +, +21D +); metasomal carapace of male with apical opening. + + + + +Biology +. Parasitoids of +Sesiidae +and +Tortricidae +. + + + + +Distribution +. Oriental and Palaearctic regions. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5335610FF3E773EFA5BD491.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5335610FF3E773EFA5BD491.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1b065fbc4e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5335610FF3E773EFA5BD491.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Carinichelonus +Tobias, 2000 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 3–5 +) + + + + +Diagnosis +. Head transverse ( +Figs 3B, D +); Apical antennomeres swollen ( +Fig. 3A +); face rugose or reticulate-rugose ( +Figs 3B +, +5C +); clypeus semi elliptical ( +Figs 3B +, +5C +); frons deeply excavated posteriorly, smooth with mid and lateral longitudinal carina extending to level of lateral ocelli ( +Figs 3C–D +); vertex and occiput with longitudinal rugae ( +Fig. 3D +); mesoscutum rugose ( +Figs 4A +, +5B +); notauli impressed ( +Figs 4A +, +5B +); scutellum coarsely sculptured ( +Figs 4A +, +5B +); propodeum rugose with medial and lateral tubercles and hexagonal basal area ( +Figs 4B +, +5B +); fore wing vein SR1 complete ( +Fig. 4F +); vein 1-M far away from C+SC+R ( +Fig. 4F +); male carapace without apical opening, very broadly truncate apically and ventral opening slightly longer than half length of carapace, opening surrounded by a lamelliform carina ( +Figs 4C–E +, +5A, D +). + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA533561CFF3E7512FAE2D3DD.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA533561CFF3E7512FAE2D3DD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f5e2cff650 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA533561CFF3E7512FAE2D3DD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,324 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Carinichelonus) siangensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 3–4 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +D5E25598-C528-4791-95FE-E62CFA621996 + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Komsing +, 28°25’3592 N, 95°00’0628 E, + +1208 m + +.a.s.l., + +2.v.2022 + +, coll. +A. P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + +Paratypes +, +1 male +, +INDIA +: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Pangin +, 28°19’2627 N, 95°02’1793 E, + +1259 m + +.a.s.l., + +1.iv.2022 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +5.2 mm +, fore wing +3.5 mm +. + + +Head +.Antenna with 16antennomeres, subapical antennomeres broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres, apical antennomeres narrow ( +Fig. 3A +); third antennomere 1.2 × longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 4.3 ×, 3.7 × and 3.6 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 3B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 3D +); OOL: OD: POL= 4.7: 1.0: 2.9; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.4 × height of temples; vertex coarsely longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 3D +); frons distinctly concave, longitudinally striate, smooth posteriorly with mid and lateral longitudinal carinae ( +Figs 3C–D +); occiput longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 3D +); temple longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 3E +); face coarsely reticulate-rugose with longitudinal short medio-posterior groove ( +Fig. 3B +); clypeus flat and densely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 3B +); length of malar space 2.7 × basal width of mandible. + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Chelonus (Carinichelonus) siangensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head antero-dorsal view; D) head, dorsal view; E) head, lateral view; F) mesosoma, lateral view. + + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.4 × its height; pronotum rugose-reticulate laterally ( +Figs 3E–F +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose ( +Fig. 4A +); middle lobe of mesoscutum smooth and punctate medially ( +Fig. 4A +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 4A +); lateral lobes of mesoscutum rugose posteriorly ( +Fig. 4A +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 4A +); scutellar sulcus divided by three carinae ( +Fig. 4A +); scutellum irregularly punctate, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 4A +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 3F +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 4B +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with basal areola and two pairs of areolae medially, transverse carina distinct and complete ( +Fig. 4B +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate apical half ( +Fig. 4F +); length of fore wing 2.5 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.3 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present, short ( +Fig. 4F +); vein r shorter than 3-SR ( +Fig. 4F +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.0: 2.3: 5.8; SRl straight ( +Fig. 4F +); parastigma distinctly swollen; 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 6.8; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 4F +). + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Chelonus (Carinichelonus) siangensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) mesosoma, dorsal view; B) propodeum, dorsal view; C) metasoma, lateral view; D) metasoma, dorsal view; E) metasoma, ventral view; F) fore wing. + + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Chelonus (Carinichelonus) siangensis + + +sp. nov. + +, male A) habitus, lateral view; B) habitus, dorsal view; C) head, anterior view; D) metasoma, lateral view. + + + +Legs +. Hind coxa smooth, densely short setose ( +Figs 4C, E +); hind femur robust; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.4 ×, 4.0 × and 4.0 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half ( +Figs 4C, E +). + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, longitudinally striate antero-medially with a pair of parallel sided midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 4D +); length of carapace 2.3 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace without undulating lamella laterally ( +Figs 4C, E +); ventral cavity closed apically, bordered with crenulate lamellae ( +Fig. 4E +); ovipositor long, slender ( +Fig. 4E +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.07 × as long as fore wing, 0.2 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes, ocelli grey, maxillary and labial palps, antenna, tegula, wing veins, pterostigma dark brown, fore femur apically, hind tibial spurs, carapace subbasally, ventral lamella yellow. + + +Male +( +Fig. 5 +). Similar to female except the size, body length +4.9 mm +; metasomal carapace with a pair of yellow spots near basal midlongitudinal carinae and baso-lateral yellow area; carapace with a pair of reddish yellow circular spot above apex of ventral opening. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Arunachal Pradesh +) + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named after the Siang Valley, which is part of the Eastern Himalayas Biodiversity Hotspot, where the +type +locality is situated. + + +Comparative diagnosis +. The new species comes closer to + +C. (C.) tabonus + +, however it can be distinguished from the latter in having frons with irregular sculpture medially (smooth in + +C. (C.) tabonus + +), fore and mid tarsi brownish black (yellowish red in + +C. (C.) tabonus + +), hind tibia without white ring apically (with white ring in + +C. (C.) tabonus + +), hind tibia 4.0 × as long as wide (4.3 × in + +C. (C.) tabonus + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5345610FF3E7416FC76D2BD.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5345610FF3E7416FC76D2BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bfdc5dd02fd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5345610FF3E7416FC76D2BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Areselonus) sigiriyansis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–2 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +498AFD0B-3B13-4B21-9A8E-8F71D407D685 + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +SRI LANKA +: +Sigiriya +, +7°57’ N +, +80°46’ E +, + +18.iii.1999 + +, coll. +C. J. Burwell +( +AIMB +). + + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Chelonus (Areselonus) sigiriyansis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, antero-dorsal view; D) head, antero-ventral view; E) head, dorsal view; F) head and mesosoma, lateral view. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +2.3 mm +, of fore wing +1.6 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 16 antennomeres, subapical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres, apical antennomeres narrow ( +Fig. 1A +); third antennomere as long as fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 3.7 ×, 3.7 × and 2.5 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse, in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 1E +); OOL: OD: POL= 2.3: 1.0: 1.8; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.5 × height of temples; vertex coarsely longitudinally striate-rugose ( +Fig. 1E +); frons distinctly concave, transversely striate-rugose, smooth posteriorly with midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 1C +); occiput longitudinally striate-rugose ( +Fig. 1E +); temple longitudinally striate ( +Fig. 1F +); face transversely reticulate-rugose ( +Figs 1B, D +); clypeus moderately punctate, raised medially ( +Fig. 1D +); length of malar space 2.3 × basal width of mandible. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Chelonus (Areselonus) sigiriyansis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) mesosoma, dorsal view; B) propodeum, dorsal view; C) metasoma, dorsal view; D) metasoma, lateral view; E) metasoma, oblique view; F) fore wing. + + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.4 × its height; pronotum rugose-reticulate laterally, smooth posteriorly ( +Fig. 1F +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose ( +Fig. 2A +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 2A +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 2A +); scutellar sulcus divided by five carinae ( +Figs 2A–B +); scutellum rugose, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Figs 2A–B +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 1F +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 2B +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with inverted Y-shaped carina, transverse carina distinct and complete ( +Fig. 2B +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing hyaline apical half ( +Fig. 2F +); length of fore wing 2.4 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.3 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present, indistinct ( +Fig. 2F +); vein r as long as 3-SR ( +Fig. 2F +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.0: 1.0: 3.5; SRl straight; parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 2F +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 4.4; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 2F +). + + +Legs +. Hind coxa smooth, with dense short setae ( +Figs 2D–F +); hind femur robust; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.4 ×, 3.6 × and 4.3 × their maximum width respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines on apical half. + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view with spine like protuberance, coarsely reticulate-rugose, without midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 2C +); length of carapace 2.1 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace without undulating lamella laterally ( +Figs 2D–E +); ventral cavity closed apically; ovipositor short, slender ( +Fig. 2D +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.08 × as long as fore wing, 0.3 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes, ocelli grey, basal antennomeres yellow; apical antennomeres, maxillary and labial palps, tegula, wing veins, pterostigma, legs brownish yellow to dark brown. + + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +Sri Lanka +. + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named after the collection locality ‘Sigiriya’. + + +Comparative diagnosis +. The new species comes closer to + +Chelonus (Areselonus) spinigaster +Ahmad & Ghramh, 2018 + +described from +India +. Apart from the differences mentioned in the key, the new species differs from the latter in having OOL 1.2 × POL (1.5 × in + +C. (A.) spinigaster + +), F8–F11 slightly longer than wide (as long as wide in + +C. (A.) spinigaster + +), terminal antennomere 2.5 × as long as wide (2.0 × in + +C. (A.) spinigaster + +), mesosoma 1.4 × as long as high (1.2 × in + +C. (A.) spinigaster + +), coxae reddish brown (blackish brown in + +C. (A.) spinigaster + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5345617FF3E71BEFCF7D7AB.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5345617FF3E71BEFCF7D7AB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..137eb1e1a10 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5345617FF3E71BEFCF7D7AB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,226 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Areselonus +Braet, 1999 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 1–2 +) + + + + +Diagnosis +. Head transverse ( +Figs 1B–E +); apical antennomeres shorter than basal ( +Fig. 1A +); female with 16 antennomeres ( +Fig. 1A +) (except in + +C. (A.) caeruleus +Ahmad & Pandey + +which has 18 antennomeres) and male with 18 antennomeres; face rugose, rugulose, striate ( +Figs 1B, D +); clypeus rugose or punctate ( +Fig. 1D +); frons with a complete midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 1C +); frons and vertex with transverse rugae ( +Figs 1C, E +); mesoscutum reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 2A +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 2A +); scutellum coarsely rugose, slightly elevated over metanotum ( +Figs 2A, B +); propodeum rugose with tubercles ( +Fig. 2B +); fore wing vein SR1 often incomplete ( +Fig. 2F +); metasomal carapace with apical spine like protuberance ( +Figs 2C–E +). + + + + +Biology +. Parasitoids of +Gracillariidae +. + + + + +Distribution +. Australian and Oriental regions. + + + + + +Key to the species of the subgenus + +Areselonus +Braet + + + +1. Apical spine of metasomal carapace large, setose basally with pores apically...................................... 2 + +- Apical spine of carapace small, setose entirely without pores apically ( +Figs 2C–E +).................................. 3 + + +2. Mesopleuron densely and finely punctate posteriorly; ovipositor sheath less than 0.1 × as long as fore wing............................................................................................. + + +C. (A.) minutissimus +Braet + + + + +- Mesopleuron smooth and sparsely punctate posteriorly; ovipositor sheath more than 0.1 × as long as fore wing................................................................................................ + + +C. (A.) missai +Braet + + + +3. Metasoma angled with apical spine, hardly or not declivous below spine......................................... 4 + +- Metasoma strongly declivous below apical spine ( +Figs 1A +, +2D +)................................................. 5 + + +4. Mesoscutum reticulate-rugose; fore wing vein 3-SR longer than r; scape 2.3 × as long as wide............................................................................................. + + +C. (A.) chailini +Walker & Huddleston + + + + +- Mesoscutum punctate-reticulate; fore wing vein 3-SR as long as r; scape 2.0 × as long as wide........................................................................................... + + +C. (A.) lithocolletiscus +Ahmad & Pandey + + + + +5 Female +antenna with 18 antennomeres........................................ + + +C. (A.) caeruleus +Ahmad & Pandey + + + + +- Female antenna with 16 antennomeres ( +Fig. 1A +)............................................................. 4 + + +4. Metasomal carapace with a pair of longitudinal carina basally; clypeus rugose; fore wing vein 3-SR 1.6 × as long as r; third antennomere 3.0 × as long as wide......................................... + + +C. (A.) spinigaster +Ahmad & Ghramh + + + + +- Metasomal carapace without a pair of longitudinal carina basally ( +Fig. 2C +); clypeus moderately punctate, raised medially ( +Fig. 1D +); fore wing vein 3-SR as long as r ( +Fig. 2F +); third antennomere 3.7 × as long as wide....... + + +C. (A.) sigiriyansis + +sp. nov. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5375617FF3E757EFCF7D333.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5375617FF3E757EFCF7D333.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2eb890e8424 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5375617FF3E757EFCF7D333.xml @@ -0,0 +1,287 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + +Genus + +Chelonus +Panzer, 1806 + + + + + + + + +Key to the subgenera of + +Chelonus + +reported from +India +(modified from Zhou + +et al. +2022) + + + + + +1. Metasomal carapace with a dorso-apical spine-like protuberance ( +Figs 1A +, +2C +); vein SR1 of fore wing sometimes incomplete ( +Fig. 2F +); carapace with narrow straight lamella ventrally ( +Figs 1A +, +2D, E +)...................... + + +Areselonus +Braet, 1999 + + + + + + +- +Metasomal carapace without a dorso-apical spine-like protuberance [with ( +Figs 15C, E +) or without ventro-apical tooth-like protuberances] ( +Figs 4C, D +); vein SR1 of fore wing complete ( +Fig. 13A +); metasomal carapace with ( +Figs 9A +, +15D +) or without ( +Fig. 11E +) undulating lamella ventrally.................................................................... 2 + + + + + + +2. Metasomal carapace with a pair of horns apically ( +Figs 7C +, +9C +, +12A +, +15C, E +)............... + + +Megachelonus +Baker, 1926 + + + + + + +- Metasomal carapace rounded apically without horns ( +Figs 4D +, +20C, D +, +22B +)...................................... 3 + + + + + + +3. Frons deeply excavated posteriorly and smooth ( +Figs 3C, D +); metasomal carapace very broadly truncate apically ( +Fig 4D +) and ventral opening slightly longer than half length of carapace, opening surrounded by a lamelliform carina ( +Figs 4C, 4E +, +5D +).............................................................................. + + +Carinichelonus +Tobias, 2000 + + + + + + +- Frons shallowly excavated posteriorly, and more or less sculptured ( +Figs 8C +, +10C +, +14C +); metasomal carapace more or less narrowed apically and ventral opening usually distinctly longer than half length of carapace, and opening usually without a lamelliform carina ( +Figs 12B +, +17D +, +22A, C +)................................................................ 4 + + + + + + +4. Third tergite of metasomal carapace almost straightly narrowed posteriorly in dorsal view ( +Fig. 17C +); apex of metasomal carapace of both sexes truncate and narrow in dorsal view ( +Fig. 17C +) and oblique in lateral view ( +Fig. 17B +); carapace of male deeply incurved (about one fourth of total length of carapace) in lateral view ( +Figs 17B, D +).. + + +Mirachelonus +Zhou + + +et al. +, +2022 + + + + +- Third tergite of metasomal carapace hardly or not narrowed posteriorly in dorsal view ( +Figs 4D +, +13B +, +22B +); apex of metasomal carapace round posteriorly or nearly so in dorsal and lateral view ( +Figs 4D +, +13B +, +22B +); carapace of male gradually rounded in dorsal view ( +Fig. 13B +)................................................................................. 5 + + + + + + +5. Female with 16 antennomeres ( +Fig. 6A +); carapace of male with apical opening ( +Fig. 12D +).. + + +Microchelonus +Szépligeti, 1908 + + + + + +- Female with more than 16 antennomeres; carapace of male variable, usually without distinct opening.................. 6 + + + + + +6. Antennomeres of female 30–32 ( +Figs 19A +, +21A +); metasomal carapace of male with deep apical opening............................................................................................... + + +Parachelonus +Tobias, 1995 + + + + + + +- Antennomeres of both sexes 17–26; metasomal carapace of male closed apically................. + + +Chelonus +Panzer, 1806 + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5395606FF3E73B3FA01D349.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5395606FF3E73B3FA01D349.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ebae950b596 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA5395606FF3E73B3FA01D349.xml @@ -0,0 +1,346 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) novis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 10–13 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +63887CE3-DB17-4263-A253-BFC988C8227C + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Nagaland +, +Jotsoma +, +Kohima Science College Campus +, +25°39’56 N +, +94°04’31 E +, + +1671 m + +.a.s.l., + +12.iii.2021 + +, coll. +Ranjith, A.P. + + +Paratypes +1 female +and +2 males +with same data as holotype ( +AIMB +) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 10 +. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) novis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, antero-dorsal view; D) head, antero-ventral view; E) head, dorsal view; F) head, lateral view. + + + + +FIGURE 11 +. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) novis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) mesosoma, lateral view; B) mesosoma, dorsal view; C) upper part of propodeum, dorsal view; D) lower part of propodeum, dorsal view; E) metasoma, lateral view; F) metasoma, dorsal view. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +4.5 mm +, of fore wing +3.5 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 16 antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres ( +Fig. 10A +); third antennomere as longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 4.6 ×, 4.2 × and 1.9 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 10B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 9E +); OOL: OD: POL= 2.5: 1.0: 1.7; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.8 × height of temples; vertex coarsely striate-rugose ( +Fig. 10E +); frons distinctly concave, striate-rugose medially with a complete midlongitudinal carina, longitudinally striate laterally ( +Figs 10C, E +); occiput transversely striate-rugose ( +Fig. 9E +); temple longitudinally striate-rugose ( +Fig. 10F +); face coarsely reticulate-rugose laterally, transversely striate-rugose anteriorly, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 10B +); clypeus flat and densely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 10B +); length of malar space 2.3 × basal width of mandible. + + + +FIGURE 12 +. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) novis + + +sp. nov. + +, A–C) holotype, female, D) paratype, male A) apex of metasoma, dorsal view; B) metasoma, ventral view; C) hind leg; D) apical opening of metasoma, ventral view. + + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.4 × its height; pronotum rugose laterally ( +Fig. 11A +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose, with longitudinal depressions medially ( +Fig. 11B +); lateral lobe of mesoscutum rugose ( +Fig. 11B +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 11B +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 11B +); scutellar sulcus divided by six carinae ( +Fig. 11B +); scutellum punctate medially, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 11B +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 11A +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Figs 11C–D +); propodeum without tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with triangular areola delineated by carina, transverse carina indistinct, but complete ( +Figs 10C–D +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subbasally and subapically ( +Figs 13A–B +); length of fore wing 2.8 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.4 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present ( +Fig. 13A +); vein r as long as 3-SR ( +Fig. 13A +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.0: 1.0: 4.6; SRl straight; parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 13A +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 2.6; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 13A +). + + +Legs +. Hind coxa smooth, densely short setose ( +Fig. 11E +); hind femur robust ( +Figs 11E +, +12C +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.1 ×, 4.8 × and 3.8 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half ( +Figs 12B–C +). + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with a pair of posteriorly converging midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Figs 11F +, +13B +); length of carapace 2.2 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace without undulating lamella laterally ( +Fig. 11E +); ventral cavity closed apically ( +Fig. 12B +), with a pair of short and blunt teeth ( +Fig. 12A +); ovipositor long, slender ( +Fig. 11E +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.08 × as long as fore wing, 0.3 × as long as hind tibia. + + + +FIGURE 13 +. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) novis + + +sp. nov. + +, A) fore wing of holotype female B) habitus of paratype male, dorsal view. + + + +Colour +. Black except eyes grey, maxillary and labial palps, fore coxa, trochanter, mid coxa, trochanter, mid femur basally, hind coxa apically, hind trochanter, mid and hind tibia subbasally, fore wing basally, metasomal carapace basolaterally, mid and hind tibial spurs yellow, fore femur, fore tibia, hind trochantellus apically reddish brown. + + +Male +. Similar to female except antenna with 23 antennomeres, scutellar sulcus divided by five carinae ( +Fig. 13B +). + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Nagaland +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species name ‘ + +novis + +’ (Latin for strange) is pointing the presence of several new characters which are not yet recorded in the subgenus + +Megachelonus + +. + + +Comparative diagnosis +. The new species exhibit some strikingly new apomorphic characters such as apical antennomeres not broadened, propodeum without lateral tubercles and propodeum with a triangular areola mediobasally which are not yet recorded from the subgenus + +Megachelonus + +. Within the subgenus the new species belongs to the group of species having 16 antennomeres. In that group the new species is comes close to + +C. (M.) irilaminatus + +in having metasomal carapace without undulating lamellae laterally and carapace with a pair of short teeth medio-apically. Apart from the differences cited in the key, the new species distinctly differs from + +C. (M.) irilaminatus + +in having the following characters; mid and hind femur black (yellow in + +C. (M.) irilaminatus + +), OOL 1.4 × as long as POL (1.1 × in + +C. (M.) irilaminatus + +), scutellar sulcus divided by 6 carinae ( +4 in + +C. (M.) irilaminatus + +), scape brownish black (yellowish brown in + +C. (M.) irilaminatus + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53A561BFF3E7653F85FD2F5.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53A561BFF3E7653F85FD2F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5262d899e48 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53A561BFF3E7653F85FD2F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) biligiriensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 8–9 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +93CA9572-84C6-43CC-BB27-44C823FBA589 + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Karnataka +, +Chamarajanagar +, +Malakki Betta +, scrub jungle, 11°57’230 N, 77°08’241 E, + +1306 m + +.a.s.l., +malaise trap +, + +31.v.2005 + +, coll. +Priyadarsanan, D.R. +( +AIMB +). + + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +2.2 mm +, of fore wing +2.6 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 16 antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres; third antennomere 1.2 × longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 5.5 ×, 3.1 × and 1.9 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 8B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 8C +); OOL: OD: POL= 2.6: 1.0: 2.8; longitudinal diameter of eye 2.2 × height of temples; vertex coarsely reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 8C +); frons distinctly concave, reticulate-rugose medially with a complete midlongitudinal carina, longitudinally striate laterally with a pair of distinct lateral carina ( +Fig. 8C +); occiput reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 8C +); temple reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 8A +); face coarsely reticulate-rugose laterally, with a midlongitudinal carina medially, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 8B +); clypeus flat and sparsely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 8B +); length of malar space 2.8 × basal width of mandible. + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.4 × its height; pronotum rugose laterally and posteriorly ( +Fig. 8D +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose, without longitudinal depressions medially ( +Fig. 8E +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 8E +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 8E +); scutellar sulcus divided by four carinae ( +Fig. 8E +); scutellum rugose with Y-shaped carina medially, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 8E +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 8D +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 8F +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with triangular areola delineated by carina, transverse carina indistinct, but complete ( +Fig. 8F +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subapically ( +Fig. 9D +); length of fore wing 3.1 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.2 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present ( +Fig. 9D +); vein r longer than 3-SR ( +Fig. 9D +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.2: 1.0: 4.0; SRl more or less curved ( +Fig. 9D +); parastigma distinctly swollen; 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 3.4; vein CUlb present. + + + +FIGURE 8. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, dorsal view; D) mesosoma, lateral view; E) mesosoma, dorsal view; F) propodeum, dorsal view. + + + +Legs +. Hind coxa rugose, densely short setose ( +Figs 9A, D +); hind femur robust ( +Figs 9A, D +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 3.1 ×, 3.3 × and 5.3 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, without a pair of posteriorly converging midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 9B +); length of carapace 2.1 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace with undulating lamella laterally ( +Figs 8A +, +9A +); ventral cavity closed apically, with a pair of short and blunt teeth ( +Fig. 9C +); ovipositor long, slender ( +Fig. 9D +) and the ovipositor sheath 0.1 × as long as fore wing, 0.3 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes, antenna, ocelli, mandible, legs reddish brown, maxillary and labial palps, tegula, basal wing veins yellow. + + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Karnataka +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species is named after the +type +locality, Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Tiger Reserve, +Karnataka +, +India +. + + +Comparative diagnosis +. The species is near to + +C. (M.) adii + + +sp. nov. + +by metasomal carapace more than 1.8 × as long as wide. But it differs from the latter in having third antennomere 5.5 × as long as wide (4.2 × in + +C. (M.) adii + + +sp. nov. + +), longitudinal diameter of eye 2.2 × height of temples (1.7 × in + +C. (M.) adii + + +sp. nov. + +), length of malar space 2.8 × basal width of mandible (1.8 × in + +C. (M.) adii + + +sp. nov. + +), carapace with an acute process subbasally in lateral view (carapace without acute process in + +C. (M.) adii + + +sp. nov. + +), length of fore wing 3.1 × its width (2.5 × in + +C. (M.) adii + + +sp. nov. + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53C5619FF3E717DF8ADD1A1.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53C5619FF3E717DF8ADD1A1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..489fbd2f9db --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53C5619FF3E717DF8ADD1A1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) adii + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figures 6–7 +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +53BD61E1-3837-4379-A942-6C3204408FBA + + + + + +Material examined +. + +Holotype +, female, +INDIA +: +Arunachal Pradesh +, +Pasighat +, +28°06’51 N +, +95°17’15 E +, + + +715 m + +. + +a.s.l., + +25.iv–15.v.2022 + +, coll. +A.P. Ranjith +( +AIMB +) + +. + +Paratype +, +1 female +same data as holotype ( +AIMB +) + +. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +, female, length of body +3.2 mm +, fore wing +2.5 mm +. + + +Head +. Antenna with 16 antennomeres, apical antennomeres not broadened, shorter than basal antennomeres ( +Fig. 6A +); third antennomere 1.3 × longer than fourth; third, fourth and terminal antennomeres 4.2 ×, 3.8 × and 2.5 × longer than wide, respectively; head transverse ( +Fig. 6B +), in dorsal view roundly contracted behind eyes ( +Fig. 6C +); OOL: OD: POL= 1.8: 1.0: 1.5; longitudinal diameter of eye 1.7 × height of temples; vertex coarsely striate-rugose ( +Fig. 6C +); frons distinctly concave, reticulate-rugose medially with a complete midlongitudinal carina, longitudinally striate laterally ( +Fig. 6C +); occiput transversely striate-rugose ( +Fig. 6C +); temple longitudinally striate-rugose ( +Fig. 6A +); face coarsely reticulate-rugose laterally, transversely striate-rugose anteriorly, densely setose in lateral view ( +Fig. 6B +); clypeus flat and sparsely punctate, smooth and shining ( +Fig. 6B +); length of malar space 1.8 × basal width of mandible. + + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.4 × its height; pronotum rugose laterally, smooth posteriorly ( +Fig. 6D +); mesoscutum areolate-rugose, with longitudinal depressions medially ( +Fig. 6E +); notauli impressed as large pits ( +Fig. 6E +); transverse suture distinct, deep ( +Fig. 6E +); scutellar sulcus divided by six carinae ( +Fig. 6E +); scutellum punctate medially, sparsely setose, with crenulate groove laterally ( +Fig. 6E +); mesopleuron evenly convex, coarsely reticulate-rugose, setose ( +Fig. 6D +); metanotum crenulate with distinct midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 6F +); propodeum with medial and lateral tubercles, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with triangular areola delineated by carina, transversal carina indistinct, but complete ( +Fig. 6F +). + + +Wings +. Fore wing infuscate subapically ( +Fig. 7D +); length of fore wing 2.5 × its width; length of marginal cell 1.3 × pterostigma; vein 2-Rl present ( +Fig. 7D +); vein r longer than 3-SR ( +Fig. 7D +); r: 3-SR: SRl = 1.3: 1.0: 5.3; SRl straight; parastigma distinctly swollen ( +Fig. 7D +); 1-CU1: 2-CU1= 1.0: 2.2; vein CUlb present ( +Fig. 7D +). + + +Legs +. Hind coxa smooth, densely short setose ( +Fig. 7A +); hind femur robust ( +Fig. 7A +); length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 2.9 ×, 3.8 × and 5.0 × their maximum width, respectively; mid and hind tibia with numerous short, pointed spines apical half ( +Fig. 7A +). + + +Metasoma +. Metasomal carapace elongate-oval in dorsal view, coarsely reticulate-rugose, with a pair of posteriorly converging midlongitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 7B +); length of carapace 2.0 × its maximum width in dorsal view; carapace without undulating lamella laterally ( +Fig. 7A +); ventral cavity closed apically, with a pair of short and blunt teeth ( +Fig. 7C +); ovipositor long, slender and the ovipositor sheath 0.07 × as long as fore wing, 0.3 × as long as hind tibia. + + +Colour +. Black except eyes grey, maxillary and labial palps, fore coxa, trochanter, mid coxa, trochanter, mid femur basally, hind coxa apically, hind trochanter, mid and hind tibia subbasally, fore wing basally, metasomal carapace basolaterally, mid and hind tibial spurs yellow, fore femur, fore tibia, hind trochantellus apically reddish brown. + + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. +India +( +Arunachal Pradesh +). + + + + +Etymology +. The new species is dedicated to the Adi people, the indigenous group in the state +Arunachal Pradesh +. + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Chelonus (Megachelonus) adii + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype, female A) habitus, lateral view; B) head, anterior view; C) head, dorsal view; D) mesosoma, lateral view; E) mesosoma, dorsal view; F) propodeum, dorsal view. + + + +Comparative diagnosis +. The new species is coming near to + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +from South +India +in having the similarities mentioned in the key. Apart from the differences cited in the key the new species differs from + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +by pronotum smooth posteriorly (rugose in + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +), coxae yellow (reddish in + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +), temple striate (rugose in + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +), hind coxa smooth + + +(striate dorsally in + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +), carapace without undulating lamella laterally (with lamella in + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + + +sp. nov. + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53F561FFF3E71DEFCF7D379.xml b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53F561FFF3E71DEFCF7D379.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9bd15a8cff2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/63/1641634CA53F561FFF3E71DEFCF7D379.xml @@ -0,0 +1,509 @@ + + + +New subgeneric reports of the genus Chelonus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India and Sri Lanka with description of nine species + + + +Author + +Ranjith, A. P. +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. + + + +Author + +Priyadarsanan, Dharma Rajan +0000-0001-8137-3404 +Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India. & priyan @ atree. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8137 - 3404 +priyan@atree.org + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-05-08 + + +5278 + + +3 + + +461 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.3 +6e1bdb64-dc19-4818-ba07-01b464a58f00 +1175-5326 +7906532 +1AAFCC5B-14BA-4E13-B25E-5C132CB9085A + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Megachelonus +Baker, 1926 + + + + + + + +( +Figures 6–15 +) + + + + +Diagnosis +. Head transverse ( +Figs 6B–C +, +8B–C +, +10B, E +, +14B–C +); antennomeres of apical half broadened or same width ( +Figs 6A +, +13B +); face striate ( +Figs 6B +, +10B +, +14B +) or reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 8B +); clypeus semi-elliptical ( +Figs 6B +, +8B +, +10B +, +14B +); eyes long elliptical or ovoid in lateral view ( +Figs 10F +, +14D +); frons rather concave ( +Figs 6C +, +8C +, +10E +, +14C +); vertex and occiput reticulate rugose ( +Fig. 8C +) or striate-rugose ( +Figs 6C +, +10E +, +14C +); mesoscutum reticulate-rugose ( +Figs 6E +, +8E +, +11B +, +13B +, +14F +); notauli impressed or not ( +Figs 6E +, +8E +, +11B +, +13B +, +14F +); scutellum punctate ( +Figs 6E–F +, +11B +, +13B +, +14F +) or coarsely sculptured ( +Figs 8E–F +); propodeum coarsely rugose ( +Figs 6F +, +8F +, +15A +), rarely with triangular areola medio-basally ( +Figs 11C–D +); propodeum often with medial and lateral tubercles ( +Figs 6F +, +8F +), rarely without tubercles ( +Figs 11C–D +, +15A +); fore wing vein SR1 complete ( +Figs 7D +, +9D +, +13A +, +15F +); metasomal carapace often with lamellae laterally ( +Figs 8A +, +9A +, +15B, D +), rarely not ( +Fig. 11E +); carapace with a pair of short ( +Figs 7C +, +9C +, +12A +) to long teeth medio-apically ( +Figs 15C, E +). + + + + +Biology +. Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. Oriental region. + + + + + +Key to the species of subgenus + +Megachelonus +Baker + + + + + + +1. Metasomal carapace broadly yellowish basally ( +Figs 11F +, +13B +, +15C +)............................................. 2 + + + + +- Metasomal carapace completely black ( +Figs 7A, B +, +9A, B +).................................................... 8 + + + + + + +2. Apex of carapace with a pair of long teeth ( +Figs 15C, E +)...................................................... 3 + + + + +- Apex of carapace with a pair of short to small teeth ( +Figs 7C +, +9C +, +12A +).......................................... 4 + + + + + + +3. Female with 28 antennomeres; carapace yellowish basally and baso-laterally; OOL 1.5 × POL; propodeum with large lateral tubercles............................................ + + +C. (M.) macrodontus +Zhou, van Achterberg, Tang & Chen + + + + + + +- Female with 16 antennomeres ( +Fig. 14A +); carapace with two large yellowish spots laterally ( +Fig. 15C +); OOL 1.1 × POL; propodeum with indistinct blunt lateral tubercles ( +Figs 14E +, +15A +)........................ + + +C. (M.) sahyadriensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +4. Metasomal carapace without lateral lamellae ( +Fig. 11E +)....................................................... 5 + + + + +- Metasomal carapace with lateral lamellae ( +Figs 8A +, +9A +)...................................................... 6 + + + + + + +5. Propodeum with lateral tubercles; scutellum rugose; notauli indistinct; carapace without a pair of posteriorly narrowing longitudinal carinae.................................... + + +C. (M.) irilaminatus +Zhou, van Achterberg, Tang & Chen + + + + + + +- Propodeum without lateral tubercles ( +Figs 11A, C–D +); scutellum punctate ( +Figs 11B +, +13B +); notauli distinct ( +Fig. 11B +); carapace with a pair of posteriorly narrowing longitudinal carinae ( +Fig. 11F +)............................. + + +C. (M.) novis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +6. Metasomal carapace entirely yellowish basally; ventral cavity reaching apex of carapace......... + + +C. (M.) bidentatus +Baker + + + + + + +- Metasomal carapace with large yellowish spots basally; ventral cavity reaching 1/4 +th +of carapace apically................ 7 + + + + + + +7. Metasomal carapace with long and wide ventral lamellae; third antennomere 5.6 × as long as wide; scutellar sulcus divided by six carinae; fore wing vein 2-CU1 2.0 × as long as 1-CU1........................ + + +C. (M.) macros +Zhang, Chen & He + + + + + + +- Metasomal carapace with short and narrow ventral lamellae; third antennomere 4.6 × as long as wide; scutellar sulcus divided by four carinae; fore wing vein 2-CU1 3.4 × as long as 1-CU1.................. + + +C. (M.) longqiensis +Zhang, Chen & He + + + + + + + + +8. Metasomal carapace with a strongly transverse depression dorsally; antenna with more than 19 antennomeres.......................................................................................... + + +C. (M.) rectangularis +Baker + + + + + + +- Metasomal carapace without a strongly transverse depression dorsally ( +Figs 6B +, +8B +); antenna with 16 antennomeres...... 9 + + + + + + +9. Hind coxa black; hind femora brown apically; body length 6.0 mm........................ + + +C. (M.) bicoloricomis +Baker + + + + + + +- Hind coxa yellow to reddish yellow ( +Figs 7A +, +9A +); hind femora yellow to reddish yellow ( +Figs 7A +, +9A +); body length +2.2–3.2 mm +............................................................................................... 10 + + + + + + +10. Metasomal carapace 1.8 × as long as wide; hind tibia reddish yellow.......................... + + +C. (M.) uniformis +Baker + + + + + + +- Metasomal carapace more than 1.8 × as long as wide ( +Figs 7B +, +9B +); hind tibia black basally and apical half ( +Figs 7A +, +8A +). 11 + + + + + + +11. Face transversely striate-rugose ( +Fig. 6A +); scutellum punctate, divided with five carinae ( +Fig. 6E +); metasomal carapace with a pair of longitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 7B +); vertex transversely striate ( +Fig. 6C +)................... + + +C. (M.) adii + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Face reticulate-rugose with midlongitudinal carina ( +Fig. 8B +); scutellum rugose with Y shaped carina, divided with four carinae ( +Fig. 8E +); metasomal carapace without a pair of longitudinal carinae basally ( +Fig. 9B +); vertex reticulate-rugose ( +Fig. 8C +)................................................................................. + + +C. (M.) biligiriensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/73/164173485149AA1AF2FD13CCC24747C0.xml b/data/16/41/73/164173485149AA1AF2FD13CCC24747C0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d4bd662195 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/73/164173485149AA1AF2FD13CCC24747C0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Bothrocara nyx: a new species of eelpout (Perciformes: Zoarcidae) from the Bering Sea. + + + +Author + +Stevenson, Duane E. + + + +Author + +Anderson, M. Eric + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2005 + +1094 + + +53 +64 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:98A96DC0-0F57-4C1C-B3F6-B28E2B1D7D90 + +journal article +z01094p053 + + + + +Zestichthys tanakae +: + + + + + + +FMNH +58841 + +, +holotype +, 490 mm, +Japan +, +Kushiro + +; + + +USNM +160718 + +, 317 mm, +Japan +, +Honshu +, +38.19°N +, +142.13°W +, +479 m depth + +; + + +USNM +161445 + +, 299 mm, +Japan +, +Honshu +, +38.19°N +, +142.13°W +, +479 m depth + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/87/1641878D19723329FF2CF92EDC5D8CA9.xml b/data/16/41/87/1641878D19723329FF2CF92EDC5D8CA9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ee3196660c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/87/1641878D19723329FF2CF92EDC5D8CA9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,317 @@ + + + +Acythopeus glyptorhis, a new gall-inducing weevil (Coleoptera, Curculionidae Baridinae) damaging gac vines in Southeast Asia + + + +Author + +Prena, Jens + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-06-04 + + +4981 + + +2 + + +388 +392 + + + +journal article +5918 +10.11646/zootaxa.4981.2.10 +a166177a-6054-4611-abca-a571a3647c61 +1175-5326 +4919670 +54AB9487-B8AA-456C-919C-07571CD593E3 + + + + + + +Description of + +Acythopeus glyptorhis +Prena + +, +sp. n. + + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Of the 17 Asian species of + +Acythopeus +( +Carpobaris +) + +in the sense of +Thompson (1973) +presently known to me, only three have distinct premucrones in both sexes. All three are undescribed and occur in Southeast Asia, particularly +Vietnam +. + +Acythopeus glyptorhis + +is in the size range of the melon weevil, + +A. curvirostris + +, and can be recognized by a conspicuous sulcus along the base of the rostrum ( +Fig. 3 +). The other two species are smaller, lack the sulcus, and one has basally separate tarsal claws. + + + + +FIGURES 1–4. + +Acythopeus glyptorhis + +, length 4.8 mm. +1, +dorsal view; +2, +lateral view; +3, +detail of rostrum showing basal sulcus in front of eye; +4, +aedeagus, dorsal view. + + + + +Description. +Total length (without rostrum) +3.6–4.9 mm +, standard length (without head) +3.5–4.7 mm +; integument black, glabrous except for erect setae ventrally on femur and tibia and small, appressed setae in pits on venter and legs. Head punctate, transition to rostrum transversely sulcate, eyes oblong ovate, dorsally separated by width of rostrum; rostrum male 1.10–1.12×, female 1.14–1.15× as long as pronotum, moderately thick at base and gradually narrowed toward apex, middle section with feeble ventrolateral edge, base coarsely punctate and with transverse, dorsally visible sulcus in front of eye, dorsal ridges absent, prorostrum male 0.33–0.34×, female 0.37–0.40× as long as rostrum, with punctation increasingly subtle toward apex, mandibles decussate; antenna not sexually dimorphic, scape straight, not quite reaching transverse sulcus in repose, funicle with 7 articles, distal articles increasingly wider, with almost gradual transition to compact club. Prothorax laterally convex, pronotal base bisinuate, punctation dense, generally separate but occasionally irregularly spaced or confluent in apical constriction and dorsomedially, postocular lobes subtle, prosternum with 2 inconspicuous grooves in subapical constriction, not channeled or otherwise modified, fore coxae separated by slightly less their own width, basal lobe slightly prominent but unmodified. Elytra with base wider than pronotum, sides gradually narrowed in middle third, apices almost conjointly rounded, striae wide and deep particularly near base and apex, interstrial pits variable, often transverse or in pairs near base and more subtle in apical half, interstrial ridges absent, subapical callosity moderate. Legs with femora ventrally flat to shallowly sulcate, edentate, without subbasal constriction, tibiae in both sexes with premucro adjacent to ventrodistal spine, tarsal claws flat and basally subconnate. Male with pygidium almost vertical, locked by narrow process of ventrite 5, stridulation device absent, aedeagus ( +Fig. 4 +) with body of penis 3× as long as wide, apodemes excluding hyaline connection 4× longer and reaching into mesothorax, endophallus with slight narrow dorsomedian sclerotization, flagellum not detected, tegmen with basal apodeme as long as body of penis, parameroidal lobes well-developed. Female with pygidium shorter and oblique, ventrite 5 unlocked. + + + + +Distribution. +The species is known at present from +Taiwan +and +Hainan +( +China +) and four sites in northern +Vietnam +. + + + + +Material studied. + +Holotype +male, labeled “TAIWAN: +Luye Township +, +Taitung County +, +22.9405N +121.1223E +, + +19.VIII.2019 + +, Shu-Jen Tsai”, “ +HOLOTYPE +, + +Acythopeus glyptorhis +Prena, 2021 + +”, “ + +on + +Momordica cochinchinensis + + +(Cucurbitaceae)” ( +TARI +) + +. + +Paratypes +24 ( +13 males +, +11 females +): + +TAIWAN +. + +Same +series as holotype ( +CMNC 1 +, +IZCAS 1 +, +JPPC 2 +, +TARI 2 +); +Luye Township +, +Taitung County +, +22.9889N +, +121.1403E +, + +240 m + +, + +11.IX.2020 + +, + +on + +Momordica cochinchinensis +, Po-Cheng Huang + + +( +NTUC 13 +) + +. + + +CHINA +. + +Insel +Hainan +, 10.–25.III.[19]09, +H. Schoede +S[tudien-] G[esellschaft] ( +MNKB 1 +) + +. + + +VIETNAM +. + +Bắc Kạn +Province +: mountains + +50 km +N of Thai-Nguen + +[ +Thái Nguyên +], + +300 m + +, + +27.VII.1963 + +, +O.N. Kabakov +( +ZIN 1 +) + +. + +Hanoi +: +Hanoi +, + +14.II.1989 + +, + +on + +Momordica cochinchinensis +, E.S. Sugonyaev + + +( +ZIN 1 +). + + +Lang Son Province +: +Than-Moi +[ +Thanh M +ọi, Ðống Mỏ], +Juni +– +Juli +[1900], +H. Fruhstorfer +( +MNKB 1 +). +Ngh +ệ +An Province +: mountains +N of Kua-Rao +[Cửa Rào], + +500 m + +, + +30.IX.1962 + +, +O.N. Kabakov +( +ZIN 1 +) + +. + + +Derivation of name. +The specific epithet is a composite noun in apposition derived from Ancient Greek γλυπτός (glyptos = carved) and ῥίς (rhis = snout). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7311E20284AD15BC8ECE6FF4.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7311E20284AD15BC8ECE6FF4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30601fc66f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7311E20284AD15BC8ECE6FF4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + +The + +Cyana adelina + +species-group + + + + + + +Diagnosis +. The species-group comprises different looking species the male genitalia of which are characterised by the anellus bearing two sclerotised and serrulate plates and the valva lacking ampulla. In the female genitalia, the posterior section of the corpus bursae is gelatinous and having sclerotised plates while the anterior section is membranous and bearing one or two signa. + + +Morphological characteristic of adults +. Sexual dimorphism substantial. +Male +. Antenna ciliate. Body white, tegula, patagia and metathorax edged with either red or various shades of yellow or brown. Forewing with rounded apex, with androconial lobe on underside and additional broad row of androconial scales along costal margin medially. Transverse lines red, yellowish or brownish. Subbasal line not reaching anal margin.Ante- and postmedial lines various in shape. Subterminal line smoothly curved along outer margin, in certain species broad and diffuse or absent. Cell with two black or brown spots, outer one can be interrupted into two unequal spots. In certain species, an additional black spot present at costal margin at the distal end of androconial cluster. Hindwing distally suffused with greyish, pinkish or yellowish scales. Discal spot large, semilunar and diffuse, or absent. +Male genitalia +. Uncus short (ca. half of tegumen length or shorter), triangular, dorso-ventrally flattened, weakly sclerotised, basally fused with tuba analis. Tuba analis broad. Subscaphium setose. Arms of tegumen weakly sclerotised and fused in posterior third. Vinculum as long as tegumen or somewhat shorter, heavily sclerotised, U-shaped. Valva lobular, medially dilated and apically rounded. Clasper with very short crest stretching along its axis. Sacculus moderately broad (ca. half of valva width), with robust, flattened, somewhat upcurved, distally tapered and apically pointed distal process. Juxta trapezoidal, weakly sclerotised with membranous anterior end. Anellus with two sclerotised plates with serrulate outer surface. Phallus cylindrical, medially dilated, with short and rounded coecum. Vesica broad (in proportion to phallus width), with several diverticula of various shapes, in certain species bearing from one to three clusters of robust spines. +Female +. Larger than male with more elongate forewing. Antenna sparsely ciliate. Colouration and markings as in male but cell with three spots of which an additional one situated mediallyposteriorly at vein Cu. +Female genitalia +. Papilla analis broadly trapezoidal with rounded corners, weakly setose. Apophyses strongly elongate and thin, apophysis anterioris as long as apophysis posterioris or slightly shorter than it. Ostium bursae as broad as tip of ovipositor. Ductus bursae cylindrical or somewhat tapered anteriorly, gelatinous, in certain species with longitudinal sclerotised plates or wrinkles. Posterior section of corpus bursae gelatinous with sclerotised plates. Anterior section of corpus bursae broader than posterior one, elliptical or teardrop-shaped, membranous with one or two signa. Appendix bursae originating from posterior section of corpus bursae laterally, short, conical or helicoid, with membranous bulla of various sizes. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7312E20384AD154C8E076C5C.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7312E20384AD154C8E076C5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ed19caf08f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7312E20384AD154C8E076C5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,276 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana adelina +( +Staudinger, 1887 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 1, 2 +, +34 +, +49 +) + + + + + +Bizone adelina + +Staudinger, 1887 + + +, +Mémoires sur les lépidoptères +, 3: 191, pl. 10, fig. 14 ( +Type +locality: [ +Russia +, +Far East +, +Primorye Region +, +Vladivostok +] “ +Wladiwostok +”). + + + + +Type material examined +. + + +Lectotype + +( +hereby designated +) ( +Figs 1 +, +34 +): male, [ +Russia +, +Primorye Region +, +Vladivostok +] “Wladiwostock” / “ +Chionaema +| adelina | Stgr. | Hps.” / pink label “Origin.” / “446.” / “ex coll. 1/2 | Staudinger” / “ +MfN +gen. prep. | A. +Volynkin 2021 +| +No +MfN 379 +| ϐ”, DNA voucher MFNLEP1057 ( +MfN +) + +. + + +Paralectotype + +: female, “Wladiwostok” / violet round label / pink label “Origin.” / small rectangular label with unreadable text / “ex coll. 2/2 | Staudinger” / “ +MfN +gen. prep. | A. +Volynkin 2021 +| +No +MfN 380 +| ϐ”, DNA voucher MFNLEP1058 ( +MfN +) + +. + + +Additional material examined +. + + +KOREA + +: +1 male +, +1 female +, +Choanyi +/ ex coll. +Weber +13/57, gen. prep. +Nos. +: AV2068 (male), AV2069 (female) ( +ZFMK +) + +. + + +Note +. The species has been described based on a male and +two females +( +Staudinger 1887 +). In order to stabilise the nomenclature, the male +syntype + +preserved in the +MfN +is hereby designated as the +lectotype + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 14.0–15.0 mm in males and 17.0–17.5 in females. + +Cyana adelina + +( +Figs 1, 2 +) is externally similar to + +C. pratti + +( +Figs 3–6 +) but differs clearly in the forewing lacking the subterminal red line, and the paler hindwing. The male genital capsules of the two species display no remarkable differences and the diagnostic features are found only in the vesica structure, which is markedly shorter and narrower in + +C. adelina + +( +Fig. 34 +), and has shorter diverticula in comparison to the corresponding structures of + +C. pratti + +( +Fig. 35, 36 +). The differences between the two species are more substantial in the female genitalia: compared to + +C. pratti + +( +Fig. 50 +), those of + +C. adelina + +( +Fig. 49 +) have a broader sclerotised posterior, and a shorter and narrower anterior section of the corpus bursae, and a markedly narrower and somewhat shorter appendix bursae. + + + + +Distribution +. Southern part of the Russian Far East (Primorye Region) ( +Staudinger 1887 +; + +Dubatolov +et al. +1993 + +; +Dubatolov 2014 +, +2019 +), +Korea +( +Daniel 1952 +) ( +Fig. 60 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7313E20384AD11C08FAC6857.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7313E20384AD11C08FAC6857.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b1ade4c33f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7313E20384AD11C08FAC6857.xml @@ -0,0 +1,371 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana pratti +( +Elwes, 1890 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 3–6 +, +35, 36 +, +50 +) + + + + + +Bizone pratti + +Elwes, 1890 + + +, + +Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the +Zoological Society of London + +, 1890: 394 (Type locality (fixed by +lectotype +designation): [ +China +, +Hubei +] “ +Changyang +”). + + + + +Type material examined +. + + +Lectotype + +( +hereby designated +) ( +Fig. 3 +): male, “Chang Yang | +A.E. Pratt Coll. +| + +June 1888 + +” / +B. Pratti Elwes +type ϐ” / “Leech Coll. | 1900–64” / two red ring “Type” labels / QR-code label with unique ID “ +NHMUK010597946 +” ( +NHMUK +). + + + +Additional material examined +. + + +CHINA + +: +1 male +, +Shaanxi Prov. +, +Tapaishan Mts +(S), +Tsinling Mts +, +Houbenzi +, +33°51’N +107°49’E +, + +1600m + +, + +1–2.VII.1999 + +, +Ronald Brechlin +leg., gen. prep. +No. +: +ZSM + + +Arct. +2020-117 (prepared by Volynkin) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +; + +1 female +, +Hubei Prov. +, NE of +Wuhan City +, +Tapieh Shan +[Dabie Mts], mid-V— + +early-VIII.1999 + +, + +900–1600m + +, +J. Li +leg., gen. prep. +No. +: +ZSM + + +Arct. +2020-116 (prepared by Volynkin) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +; + +1 male +, [ +Hubei Prov. +, +Yichang +] +Ichang +, +Mrs Pratt Coll. +, + +VI + + +.1888 / Leech Coll. 1900–64 / + +Paratype +/ +Chionaema pratti Elwes +det. +A. Watson +1962, gen. prep. +No. +: AV1875 (prepared by Volynkin) ( +ZFMK +); +1 male + +, + +Jaingxi +/ +Fujian +border, +Wuy Shan +, + +50 km +SE of Yingtan + +, +27°58’N +117°25’E +, + +1600 m + +, + +III.2002 + +, +Sinyaev +& local coll. leg., gen. prep. +No. +: +ZSM + +Arct. 2020-115 (prepared by Volynkin) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +). + + +Notes +. +The +species has been described based on unspecified number of specimens from two localities,“Changyang and Ichang” ( +Changyang +and +Yichang +in +Hubei Province +of +China +). +In +order to stabilise the nomenclature, the male +syntype +labeled as “Type” and preserved in the +NHMUK +is hereby designated as the +lectotype +. According to the +ICZN (1999) +Article 76.2, the collection locality of the +lectotype +, Changyang becomes the type locality of the species. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 15.0–17.0 mm in males and 17.0 mm in the female. The species ( +Figs 3–6 +, +35, 36 +, +50 +) is closely similar to + +C. adelina + +( +Figs 1, 2 +, +34 +, +49 +) and the diagnostic comparison is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species. + + + + +Distribution +. +China +( +Liaoning +, +Hebei +, +Shanxi +, +Shaanxi +, +Henan +, +Hubei +, +Hunan +, +Jiangsu +, +Zhejiang +, +Jiangxi +) ( +Hampson 1900 +; +Daniel 1952 +; +Fang 2000 +) ( +Fig. 60 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7313E20684AD15B789746EF0.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7313E20684AD15B789746EF0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..248edb209d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7313E20684AD15B789746EF0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana yunnanensis yunnanensis +( +Hampson, 1903 +) + + + + + + + +( +Figs 7–14 +, +38, 39 +, +51 +) + + + + + +Chionaema yunnanensis + +Hampson, 1903 + + +, +The annals and magazine of natural history +(7) 11: 346 ( +Type +locality: [ +China +, W +Yunnan Prov. +, +Tengchong +] “ +Yunnan +, +Teng Yeuk +”). + + += + +Chionaema hoenei + +[ + +originally spelled as +hönei +] +Daniel, 1952 +, +Bonner zoologische Beiträge +, 3 (3–4): 312 ( +Type +locality: [ +China +, NW +Yunnan +, +Lijiang +] “ +Nord Yuennan +: +Li-kiang +”), +syn. n + +. + + + + +Type material examined +. + +Holotype + +of + +Chionaema yunnanensis + +(by monotypy) ( +Fig. 7 +): “ +Yunnan +. | Teng Yeuk. | H.E. Hobson. | 1900–192.” / “ +Chionaema +| yunnanensis | type +♀ +Hmpsn.” / red ring “Type” label / QR-code label with unique ID “NHMUK010402111” ( +NHMUK +). + +Holotype + +of + +Chionaema hoenei + +( +Fig. 9 +): male, yellow label “[ +China +, NW +Yunnan +, Lijiang] Li-kiang ca. +2000m +| Prov. Nord-Yuennan | +28.8.1934 +. H. Ĥne” / red label “ +Holotype +| +Chionaema +| ĥnei Daniel” / pink label “Typus” ( +ZFMK +); + +paratypes + +of + +Chionaema hoenei + +: +1 female +, same locality and collector as +holotype +but +1.X.1934 +/ +Allotype +Chionaema +ĥnei Daniel / +Allotypus +, gen. prep. No.: AV1879 (prepared by Volynkin) ( +ZFMK +); +1 female +, same locality and collector as previous but +5.ix.1934 +, unique ID +ZFMK +Lep153478, gen. prep. by Huang ( +ZFMK +). + + + +FIGURES 1–8 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: adults. Depositories of the specimens: 1 and 2 in MfN; 3 and 7 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 4–6 in MWM/ZSM; 8 in CKC. + + + + +FIGURES 9–17 +. + +Cyana yunnanensis + +sspp.: adults. Depositories of the specimens: 9 and 10 in ZFMK; 11, 12 and 16 in CKC; 13 and 14 CHSY; 15 in MWM/ZSM (ex CKC); 17 in FMF-B. + + + +Additional material examined +. + + +CHINA + +, +YUNNAN +: +1 male +, [Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Adunzi] A-tun-tse ( +N Yunnan +), +Talsohle +[valley bottom] ca. + +3000m + +, + +4.IX.1936 + +, H. Ĥne, gen. prep. +No. +: AV1878 (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +ZFMK +) + +; + +1 male +, +2 females +, +Tse-Kou +, + +2000m + +, +28°02’N +98°54’E +, + + +5–10. +VI +.2011 + + +, +Jiří Klir +leg., gen. prep. +Nos. +: AV3919 (male), AV3920 (female) (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +CKC +) + +; + +1 male +, +West China +, gen. prep. +No. +: AV2071 (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +ZFMK +) + +; + +1 male +, +Nu Jiang Valley +, road +Fugong +/ +Gongshan +, + +1650m + +, +27°01.49’N +98°52.54’E +, + + +14. +V +.2018 + + +, +Butvila +& +Saldaitis +leg., gen. prep. +No. +: AV5581 (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +AFM +) + +; + +1 male +, + +3.VIII.2019 + +, +Fanghua Town +, +Luliang County +, +Qujing City +, +Shao-kui Wen +leg. ( +SCAU +) + +; + +1 male +, same locality and collector as previous, but + +13.IX.2019 + +( +CHSY +) + +; + +1 male +, same data as previous, but + +30.VIII.2019 + +( +CHSY +) + +; + +1 male +, same data as previous, but + +27.VIII.2019 + +( +CHSY +) + +; + +1 male +, same data as previous, but + +10.IX.2019 + +( +CHSY +) + +. + + +Note +. Like some other species in the genus (demonstrated by + +Singh +et al. +(2020) + +; also see + +C. bacilla + +below), + +C. yunnanensis + +has two colour forms: the red and the yellow ones. The +holotype +of the species represents a yellow form ( +Fig. 7 +) while the type series of + +C. hoenei + +( +Figs 9, 10 +) has red transverse lines. An additional variation of the red form lacking transverse lines is also found in this species ( +Figs 13, 14 +). + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 12.0–15.0 mm in males and 13.5–16.0 mm in females. The species ( +Figs 7–17 +) is externally vaguely reminiscent of + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +and + +C. bacilla + +( +Figs 26–31 +) but differs clearly in the somewhat thinner ante- and postmedial lines, the lack of the subterminal line, the somewhat smaller black spots on the forewing, and the hindwing suffused with grey and pink and having a diffuse discal spot on the hindwing whereas it is unicolorous deep pink or ochreous yellow without a discal spot in the aforementioned congeners. The male genitalia of + +C. yunnanensis + +( +Figs 38, 39 +) are characterised by the vesica lacking cornuti and having a distal diverticulum with several tiny subdiverticula. The genitalia of both sexes ( +Figs 38, 39 +, +51 +) are most similar to + +C. dubernardi + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 37 +, +53 +) and the detailed comparison is provided below under the diagnosis of the latter species. + + + + +Distribution +. Currently known only from +Yunnan Province +of +China +( +Fig. 60 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7316E20884AD146C8CB56DC1.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7316E20884AD146C8CB56DC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..073b11bc937 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7316E20884AD146C8CB56DC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,354 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana yunnanensis regia + +ssp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figs 15–19 +, +40, 41 +, +52 +) + + + + +Type material +. + + +Holotype + +( +Figs 15 +, +40 +): male, “N. +Thailand +| +Chiang Mai +, +Fang +| +Doi Ang Khang +, + +1425m + +| +29°54’10’’N +[ +19°54’10’’N +], +99°2’28’’E +| +♀ + +26.V.2011 + +, ex ovo +K. Cerný +[Černý]” / “Slide | AV3915ϐ | +A. Volynkin +” ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +, ex +CKC +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +THAILAND + +: +22 males +, +12 females +, same data as holotype, gen. prep. +No. +: AV3918 (female) (prepared by +Volynkin +) + +; + +2 females +, same data as previous ( +GMF-B +) + +; + +6 males +, +8 females +, same locality and collector as previous but + +25–26. +V + + +.2011, gen. prep. Nos.: AV3917, AV6470 (males) (prepared by Volynkin); + +6 males +, +1 female +, same locality as previous but + +23–27.VII.2006 + +, +T + +. Ihle leg., gen. prep. No.: AV3916 (male) (prepared by Volynkin); + +4 males +, +4 females +, same locality and collector as previous but + +19–23.IX.2006 + + +; + +4 males +, +1 female +, same locality and collector as previous but + +5. +VI + + +.2006, gen. prep. No.: AV6471 (female) (prepared by Volynkin); + +2 males +, same locality and collector as previous but + +11–15.IX.2007 + + +; + +1 male +, +Chiang Mai +[ +Province +], +Doi Inthanon NP +, + +1416m + +, +18°30’59’’N +98°28’13’’E +, + +30.IV.2006 + +, +K. Černý +leg. + +; + +1 male +, same locality and collector as previous but + +6–7. +VI + + + +.2005 (all in +CKC +) + +; + + +LAOS + +: +1 male +, +1 female +, +Xiangkhouang Province +, +Tham Piew Cave +, + +600m + +, mid-June to mid-July 2009, gen. prep. +No. +: AV6744 (male) (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +GMF-B +) + +. + + +Note +. The coordinates contained on the labels of the reared specimens from ‘Doi Ang Khang’, including the +holotype +, have a typo ( +29°54’10’’N +instead of +19°54’10’’N +), and the correct value is provided in the label citations in square brackets. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 10.5–11.5 mm in males and 12.5–14.0 mm in females. + +Cyana yunnanensis regia + + +ssp. n. + +( +Figs 15–19 +) is externally distinguished from the nominate subspecies ( +Figs 7–14 +) by its slightly smaller size, and the less posteriorly curved postmedial line in both sexes. In the male genitalia of the new subspecies ( +Figs 40, 41 +), the subbasal diverticulum is considerably more elongate, and the terminal diverticulum is larger than the corresponding structures of + +C. yunnanensis yunnanensis + +( +Figs 38, 39 +). The female genitalia of the two subspecies display no remarkable differences ( +Figs 51, 52 +). + + + + +Distribution +. Northern +Thailand +( +Chiang Mai Province +) and Northern +Laos +( +Xiangkhouang Province +). + + + + +FIGURES 18–25 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: adults. Depositories of the specimens: 18 and 19 in CKC; 20 and 21 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK); 22 in MNHN (photo by unknown photographer, © MNHN); 23–25 in MWM/ZSM. + + + + +Etymology +. The subspecific epithet is derived from the Latin ‘regius’ meaning ‘royal’ and refers to the +type +locality of the new subspecies, The Royal Agricultural Station Angkhang. The name is an adjective in the nominative singular in apposition ( +Fig. 60 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7318E20884AD113D897069D0.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7318E20884AD113D897069D0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e164270358f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7318E20884AD113D897069D0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana dubernardi + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figs 20, 21 +, +37 +, +53 +) + + + + +Type material +. + + +Holotype + +( +Figs 20 +, +37 +): male, [ +China +, +Yunnan Prov. +, +Yanmenxiang +] “Tse Kou | +R +P.[ère] Dubernard | 1895” / “Ex Oberthür Coll. | Brit. Mus. 1927–3” / QR-code label with a unique ID “ +NHMUK 010918587 +” / “Slide | +NHMUK010316330 +” ( +NHMUK +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +CHINA + +: +1 female +, same data as holotype, unique ID: +NHMUK010918588 + +, + +gen. prep. No.: +NHMUK010316331 +(prepared by Volynkin) ( +NHMUK +) + +; + +2 males +, [China, +Sichuan +, Ya’an-Kangding road] +Siao-Lou +, gen. prep. Nos.: AV2093 and AV2094 (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +ZFMK +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 14.0–14.5 mm in males and 16.0 mm in the female. + +Cyana dubernardi + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 20, 21 +) is externally vaguely reminiscent of pale specimens of + +C. griseilinea + +( +Figs 22–25 +) but can be distinguished from this species by the presence of two discal spots in the male (whereas there is only one but larger, comma-shaped spot in + +C. griseilinea + +), and the thinner and more distinct, bronze-brown transverse lines (they are greyish-brown in the congener), of which the antemedial line is less bent outwards along the anal margin, and the medial part of the postmedial line is curved outwards and W-like zigzagged. Additionally, the terminal area of the forewing of the new species is intensely suffused with grey whereas it is white in + +C. griseilinea + +, and the discal spot on the hindwing is present (absent in the congener). Despite the external similarity to + +C. griseilinea + +, the genitalia structures of both sexes of + +C. dubernardi + + +sp. n. + +are closely similar to + +C. yunnanensis + +. In the male genitalia ( +Fig. 37 +), the new species differs from + +C. yunnanensis + +( +Figs 38–41 +) in the narrower serrulate plates of the anellus, and the less elongate and semiglobular distal diverticulum, whereas it has several tiny subdiverticula in the similar congener. Compared to + +C. yunnanensis + +( +Figs 51, 52 +), the female genitalia of the new species ( +Fig. 53 +) have a narrower ductus bursae with an anteriorly more tapered sclerotised plate, a shorter and narrower posterior gelatinous section of the corpus bursae lacking the lateral protrusion, a smaller signum bursae, and a shorter and narrower bulla. + + + + +Distribution +. Western +Sichuan +and north-western +Yunnan +Provinces of +China +( +Fig. 61 +). + + + + +Etymology +. The new species is named after father Jules Étienne Dubernard (1840–1905), renowned French missionary and collector of the +type +series. The name is a noun in the genitive case. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7318E20984AD154D88376E00.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7318E20984AD154D88376E00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f424598b362 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7318E20984AD154D88376E00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,508 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana griseilinea +de Joannis, 1930 + + + + + + + +( +Figs 22–25 +, +42, 43 +, +54 +) + + +A. +[ + +Cyana + +] + +griseilinea +de Joannis, 1930 + +, + +Annales de la Société +entomologique de +France + +, 98: 756 ( +Type +locality: [North +Vietnam +] “Cha pa”). + + + + += + +Cyana succincta +Černý, 2016 + +, +Entomofauna +, 37 (26): 427 ( +Type +locality: “N. +Vietnam +, + +1400m + +, +Mai Chau +, ... + +40 km +SE Moc Chau + +, 20.50’N, 104.50’E”), +syn. n. + + + + +Type material examined +. Photograph of the + +holotype + +( +Fig. 22 +): male, “Cha pa | +Tonkin +| (Pételot)” / “Agrisius | griseilinea Joan. | Ann. Soc. ent. Fr., | 1929, 98 Suppl. p. 518 | H.T. (P. Viette + +X-1952 + +).” / “Cyana | griseilinea | +type +ϐ +J. de Joann +” / “1920 1932 | coll. +L. & J. de Joannis +| Muséum Paris” / red label “Holotype” / QR-code label with unique ID “ +MNHN +Paris | +EL54136 +” ( +MNHN +). + + +Holotype + +of + +C. succincta + +( +Fig. 23 +): +male +, “ +N-Vietnam + +1400m + +| +Mai-chau +, Urwald [jungle] | + +40km +SE Moc-chau + +| 20.05’N 104.50’E [ +20°05’N +104°50’E +] | + +07.–15.IV.1995 + +leg. | +Sinjaev +[Sinyaev] & +EinhSamml +[local collectors]” ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +); + + + +paratypes + +of + +C. succincta + +: +2 males +, same data as holotype ( +CKC +); + + +1 male +, N +Vietnam +, + +1600–1800m + +, Mt. +Fan-si-pan +(West), +Cha-pa +, secondary forest, +22°20’N +103°40’E +, + +10–30.X.1994 + +, +Sinyaev +& +local collectors +leg., gen. prep. No. +AV6469 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +CKC +); + + +1 male +, N +Vietnam +, + +1600m + +, Mt. +Fan-si-pan +(North), +Cha-pa +, primary forest, +22°17’N +103°44’E +, + +20–30.IV.1995 + +, +Sinyaev +& +local collectors +leg., gen. prep. No. +GP T 326 +(prepared by +Černý +) + +( +CKC +). + + +Additional material examined +. + + +VIETNAM + +: +1 male +, +Cha-pa +, +Tonkin +, +Pételot +/ +Cyana griseilinea de Joannis +paratype +/ Brit. Mus. 1930-605, unique ID: +NHMUK010914190 +( +NHMUK +) + +; + +1 male +, +Mai chau +, + +25 km +S Moc + +chau, + +1400m + +, +20°50’N +104°40’E +, secondary forest, + +14–18.XI.1994 + +, +V. Sinyaev +leg., gen. prep. No.: +ZSM Arct. 2019- 327 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +; + +2 females +, + +1200m + +, +Tuan-Giao +(road from +Lai chau +to +Hanoi +), +21°35’N +103°25’E +, + +5–10.XI.1994 + +, secondary vegetation, [V.] +Sinyaev +leg., gen. prep. No.: +ZSM +Arct. 2019-328 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +; + +1 male +, +Cha-pa +, + +24.IV.[19]61 + +, gen. prep. No.: +ZSM Arct. 2020-114 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +. + + + + +Notes +. +(1) +In the original description of the species ( +de Joannis 1930 +), the generic combination is erroneously abbreviated as “ +A. +”, probably following the genus + +Agrisius +Walker + +preceding it. However, the line above the species description is as follows: “p. [22], après [after] + +Cyana costifimbria +Wlk. + +:”, which clearly means that the new species is assigned by the author to the genus + +Cyana + +and its description represents an addition to the first paper in the series devoted to the +Lepidoptera +of +Tonkin +( +de Joannis 1928 +), where other species of the genus + +Cyana + +were considered. The original type label with de Joannis handwriting “ + +Cyana griseilinea + +type ϐ J. de Joann” also confirms this conclusion. +(2) +The type series of + +C. succincta + +displays no differences to the +holotype +of + +C. griseilinea + +and originates from the same region, therefore the new synonymy is hereby established. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 12.0–15.0 mm in males and 14.0 mm in females. + +Cyana griseilinea + +( +Figs 22–25 +) is externally vaguely reminiscent of + +C. dubernardi + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 20, 21 +) and the detailed comparison is provided above in the diagnosis of the latter species. The genitalia of both sexes of + +C. griseilinea + +( +Figs 42, 43 +) are most similar to the externally dissimilar + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 44, 45 +) and the comparison is provided below in the diagnosis of this species. + + + + +Distribution +. Northern +Vietnam +( +Lào Cai +and +Sõn La +Provinces) ( +de Joannis, 1930 +; +Černý 2016 +) ( +Fig. 61 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7319E20B84AD13FC8F176C24.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7319E20B84AD13FC8F176C24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..67707c97a5f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D7319E20B84AD13FC8F176C24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,406 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana khami + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figs 26, 27 +, +44, 45 +, +55 +) + + += + +Cyana bacilla +: Volynkin & Černý + +(2019: figs 17, 18, 31, 38), misidentification. + + + + +Type material +. + + +Holotype + +( +Figs 26 +, +44 +): male, “Laos, prov. +Khammouane +, | +Muang Gnomarat +, + +150 m + +, | +105°09,778’E +; +17°33,295’N +[17°33.295’N 105°09.778’E] | + +1.VI.2014 + +leg. +K. Černý +” / “Slide | AV3923ϐ | +A. Volynkin +” ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +, ex coll. +CKC +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +LAOS + +: +22 males +, +11 females +, same data as holotype, gen. prep. +Nos. +: AV3924 (male), AV3925 (female) (prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +CKC +) + +; + +1 male +, +4 females +, +Khammouane Prov. +, +Khoun Ngeun +, +Sala Viewpoint +, + +480m + +, +18°10.7’N +104°29’E +, +30–31.V.2014 +, +K. Černý +leg. ( +CKC +) + +; + +4 males +, +1 female +, +Khammouane Prov. +, +Muang Khai +, + +160m + +, +17°27.681’N +104°54.980’E +, +27–29.V.2014 +, +K. Černý +leg. ( +CKC +) + +; + +1 male +, +Khammouane Prov. +, +Ban +, +Khoun Ngeun +vill. env., + +16–29. +V + +. + +2010, 300m + +, +M. Štrba +, +R. Mlčoch +leg., gen. prep. +No. +: +MWM 34.567 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +; + +1 female +, same locality and collectors as previous but + +17. +V + +.–6. +VI +.2007, gen. prep. +No. +: +MWM 34.568 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +; + +2 females +, +Khammouane Prov. +, +Phou Hin Boun +, + +500m + +, +18°10.435’N +104°29.042’E +, + +29–30.vi.2012 + +( +GMF-B +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 11.0–12.0 mm in males and 13.5–14.0 mm in females. + +Cyana khami + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 26, 27 +) is externally reminiscent of + +C. bacilla + +( +Figs 28–31 +) but can be distinguished by the somewhat broader forewing (the length to width ratio is ca. 2.1:1 vs. 2.25–2.69 in + +C. bacilla + +), the brighter, scarlet transverse lines of the forewing (they are pale scarlet, orange or amber yellow in the congener), and the darker, pale scarlet hindwing which is pink or pale ochreous yellow in + +C. bacilla + +. Despite the external similarity to + +C. bacilla + +, the male genitalia of the new species ( +Figs 44, 45 +) are most similar to + +C. griseilinea + +( +Figs 42, 43 +). In the male genital capsule, + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +differs from + +C. griseilinea + +in the broader saccus, the markedly broader distal section of the valva, and the narrower serrulate plates of the anellus. The phallus of the new species is shorter and narrower than in the similar congener. Compared to + +C. griseilinea + +, the vesica of + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +is considerably shorter and narrower, having shorter diverticula, and bearing a shorter and elliptical lateral cluster of shorter spines which is ribbon-like in the congener. The female genitalia of + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +( +Fig. 55 +) differ from + +C. griseilinea + +( +Fig. 54 +) in the narrower and more weakly sclerotised ductus bursae, the narrower and markedly more weakly sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae, the longer and broader anterior section of the corpus bursae bearing larger signa, and the broader and more rounded appendix bursae with a more elliptical bulla (it is teardrop-shaped in + +C. griseilinea + +). + + + + +FIGURES 26–33 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: adults. Depositories of the specimens: 26, 30 and 32 in MWM/ZSM (26 and 32 ex CKC); 27 and 33 in CKC; 28, 29 and 31 in GMF-B. + + + + +Distribution +. Central +Laos +( +Khammouane Province +) ( +Fig. 61 +). + + +Etymology +. The new species is named after the character of Lao fairy tales, novice Kham also known as Xieng Mieng, a famous trickster. The specific epithet refers to the confusing similarity of the new species with + +C. bacilla + +. The name is a noun in the genitive case. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D731BE20B84AD11188F4969DA.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D731BE20B84AD11188F4969DA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..94c659bf4d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D731BE20B84AD11188F4969DA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,384 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana bacilla +Fang, 1992 + + + + + + + +( +Figs 28–31 +, +46, 47 +, +56 +) + + + + + +Cyana bacilla + +Fang, 1992 + + +, +Sinozoologia +, 9: 260, 265, fig. 2 ( +Type +locality: [ +China +] “ +Pingxiang +, +Guangxi +, + +230m + +”). + + + + +Type material examined +. + +Photograph of the + +holotype + +: +male +, “ + +ẾflÎǐ + +[ +Guangxi +, +Pingxiang +] | 230 +»º +[m] | +ϕOifiḯlj +[Chinese Academy of Sciences]” / “ + +1976.VI.10 + +| +ỊșÌ +: +Ẁƚƀ +[leg. +Cheng-lai Fang +]” / “ + +Cyana bacilla + +| Fang | +ḬṱÌ +: +Ẁƚƀ +[identifier: Cheng-lai Fang]” / “ϐ” / red label “Holotype” / blue label with unique ID “ +IOZ +( +E +) +208949 +” ( +ICZAS +). + + + +Additional material examined +. + + +VIETNAM + +: +3 males +, +Cao Bằng Prov +., +Ba Be Lake NP +, + +300m + +, + +II.2009 + +, gen. prep. Nos.: +AV6738 +, +AV6740 +( +GMF-B +) + +; + +1 male, 1 female, same data as previous but + +III.2009 + +, gen. prep. Nos.: +AV6742 +( +male +), +AV6739 +( +female +) ( +GMF-B +) + +; + +2 males +, same data as previous but + +V.2009 + +, gen. prep. No.: +AV6741 +( +GMF-B +) + +; + +1 male +, same data as previous but + +VIII.2009 + +( +GMF-B +) + +; + +1 male +, +Thái Nguyên Prov. +, + +40 km +E + +[ca. + +20 km +N + +] +Thái Nguyên City +, +Mỏ Ba +, + +200m + +, + +II.2009 + +, gen. prep. No.: +AV6743 +( +GMF-B +) + +; + +2 males +, +Tuyên Quang Prov. +, +Na Hang Nature Reserve +, + +300m + +, +22°03’N +105°05’E +, + +22.II.–5.III.1997 + +, +G. Csorba +leg., gen. prep. No.: +ZSM +Arct. 2020- 113 +(prepared by +Volynkin +) ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 11.5–13.0 mm in males and 15.0 mm in the female. + +Cyana bacilla + +( +Figs 28–31 +) is most similar externally to + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 26, 27 +) and differs in the somewhat longer forewing in both sexes, the paler transverse lines of the forewing varying from pale scarlet or orange to amber yellow (whereas they are bright scarlet in the congener), and the paler hindwing varying from pink to pale ochreous (whereas it is pale scarlet in + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + +). The male and female genitalia of + +C. bacilla + +( +Figs 46, 47 +, +56 +) are most similar to + +C. karsticola + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 48 +, +57 +) and the detailed comparison is provided below in the diagnosis of the latter species. + + + + +Distribution +. South +China +( +Guangxi Zhuang +Autonomous Region) ( +Fang 1992 +, +2000 +) and Northern +Vietnam +( +Tuyên Quang +, +Thái Nguyên +and Cao Bằng Provinces) ( +Fig. 61 +). The record from central +Laos +(Volynkin & Černý 2019) belongs to + +C. khami + + +sp. n. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D731BE21284AD15428E3D6AF5.xml b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D731BE21284AD15428E3D6AF5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cafbc56c89e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/41/BB/1641BB3D731BE21284AD15428E3D6AF5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,319 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the Cyana adelina (Staudinger) species-group (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) with descriptions of three new species and one new subspecies from Laos, Thailand and China + + + +Author + +Volynkin, Anton V. +Altai State University, Lenina Avenue, 61, RF- 656049, Barnaul, Russia. + + + +Author + +Černý, Karel +Tiergartenstrasse 27, A- 6020 Innsbruck, Austria. + + + +Author + +Huang, Si-Yao +Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China. + + + +Author + +Saldaitis, Aidas +Nature Research Centre, Akademijos str., 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius- 21, Lithuania. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-08-03 + + +5323 + + +4 + + +477 +498 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN + +journal article +60692 +10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.2 +9b305d70-601f-420f-b4bc-ee0c7a75dfe9 +1175-5326 +8212382 +6E5A4DE3-707C-489C-9DD5-B8059A70AB5A + + + + + + + +Cyana karsticola + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figs 32, 33 +, +48 +, +57 +) + + + + +Type material +. + + +Holotype + +( +Figs +): male, “ +Laos +, prov. +Vientiane +| Vang Vieng, + +270m + +, | +18°55’40’’N +; +102°24’49’’E +| + +20.IV.2017 + +leg. +K. Černý +” / “Slide | AV4128ϐ | +A. Volynkin +” ( +MWM +/ +ZSM +, ex coll. +CKC +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +LAOS + +: +7 males +, +2 females +, same data as holotype, gen. prep. Nos.: AV4129 (male), AV4130 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) ( +CKC +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. The forewing length is 11.0–12.0 mm in males and 11.5–12.0 mm in females. + +Cyana karsticola + + +sp. n. + +( +Figs 32, 33 +) is externally vaguely reminiscent of + +C. griseilinea + +( +Figs 22–25 +) but differs clearly in the smaller size, the grey head, thorax and forewing markings (they are greyish-brown in the congener), the markedly broader and more diffuse ante- and postmedial lines in the male and the thinner and more distinct transverse lines in the female, the interrupted subterminal line in both sexes, and the veins in the postmedial area being less suffused with grey. Additionally, the hindwing of the new species has a discal spot which is absent in the congener. The male genitalia of + +C. karsticola + + +sp. n. + +( +Fig. 48 +) are most similar to + +C. bacilla + +( +Figs 46, 47 +), from which the new species is distinguished by the somewhat narrower serrulate plates of the anellus, the longer and broader phallus, and the longer and broader vesica with a shorter and denser lateral cluster of spines, and the broader and bilobate ventral diverticulum bearing two elliptical clusters of more robust spines whereas + +C. bacilla + +has a conical ventral diverticulum bearing a single ribbon-like cluster of finer spines. In the female genitalia, + +C. karsticola + + +sp. n. + +( +Fig. 57 +) differs from + +C. bacilla + +( +Fig. 56 +) in the markedly longer, narrower and more heavily sclerotised ductus bursae, the broader sclerotised posterior section of the corpus bursae which is more protruding on its left side, the broader anterior section of the corpus bursae bearing smaller signa, and the broader appendix bursae with a longer bulla. + + + + +FIGURES 34–37 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 34 in MfN; 35 in ZFMK; 36 in MWM/ ZSM; 37 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK). + + + + +FIGURES 38–41 +. + +Cyana yunnanensis + +sspp.: male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 38 in ZFMK; 39 in CKC; 40 in MWM/ZSM (ex CKC); 41 in GMF-B. + + + + +FIGURES 42–45 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 42 in CKC; 43–45 in MWM/ZSM (44 ex CKC). + + + + +FIGURES 46–48 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: male genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 46 and 48 in MWM/ZSM (48 ex CKC); 47 in GMF-B. + + + + +FIGURES 49–53 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: female genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 49 in MfN; 50 in MWM/ZSM; 51 in ZFMK; 52 in CKC; 53 in NHMUK (©The Trustees of NHMUK). + + + + +FIGURES 54–57 +. + +Cyana +spp. + +: female genitalia. Depositories of the specimens dissected: 54 and 55 in MWM/ZSM; 56 in GMF-B; 57 in CKC. + + + + +FIGURE 58 +. Laos, Vientiane Province, karst mountains near Vang Vieng Town, the type locality of + +Cyana karsticola + + +sp. n. + +, 20.IV.2017 (photo by K. Černý). + + + + +FIGURE 59 +. Laos, Vientiane Province, vicinities of Vang Vieng Town, 270m, 18°55’40’’N 102°24’49’’E, the habitat of + +Cyana karsticola + + +sp. n. + +, 20.IV.2017 (photo by K. Černý). + + + + +Distribution +. Northern +Laos +( +Vientiane Province +) ( +Fig. 61 +). + + + + +Etymology +. The specific epithet refers to the habitat of the new species situated in karst mountains ( +Figs 58 +, +59 +). The name is a noun in the nominative singular in apposition. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/42/62/164262BAAD4A4F355A91E49C6A7A0B2F.xml b/data/16/42/62/164262BAAD4A4F355A91E49C6A7A0B2F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55483d6da59 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/42/62/164262BAAD4A4F355A91E49C6A7A0B2F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Thornhill, Robert + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Lindbo, David + + + +Author + +Stucky, Jon + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1099 +1099 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 +1314-2828-2-1099 + + + + +Dichanthelium caerulescens (Hack. ex Hitchc.) Correll + + + +Ecological interactions + +Conservation status +State E; S1S2, G2G3. + + + +Distribution +Wet pine savannas (WLPS, VWLPS). + + +Notes + +Rare. +Jun-Oct +. LeBlond 4851 (NCU); Thornhill 1308 (NCSC). [< +Panicum dichotomum +L. sensu RAB; < +Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould ssp. roanokense +(Ashe) Freckmann & Lelong sensu FNA; = Weakley] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/42/64/1642648028F05E95DD20C08CE5DBB0F0.xml b/data/16/42/64/1642648028F05E95DD20C08CE5DBB0F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..afa5952aa5e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/42/64/1642648028F05E95DD20C08CE5DBB0F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +Order Soricomorpha + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +220 +311 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Myosorex longicaudatus +Meester and Dippenaar 1978 + + + + + + + +Myosorex longicaudatus +Meester and Dippenaar 1978 + +, + +Ann. Transvaal +Mus +., 31: 30 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +South Africa +, +Western Cape Prov. +, +14 km +NNE Knysna, Diepwalle State Forest Station, +33°57'S +, +23°10'E +. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Long-tailed Forest Shrew +. + + + + +Subspecies: +: + + +Subspecies + +Myosorex longicaudatus +subsp. +longicaudatus +Meester and Dippenaar 1978 + + + +Subspecies + +Myosorex longicaudatus +subsp. +boosmani +Dippenaar 1995 + + + + + +Distribution: +Endemic to +South Africa +. Occurs in escarpment forests of SE +Western Cape Prov. +, +South Africa +, between +2000-3600 m +. + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Vulnerable. + + + + +Discussion: +Dippenaar (1995) +described a distinct population from the Langeberg Mtns whose conservation status he considered as "vulnerable". + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/43/58/164358A300E95071BD894DFA5C6D3F77.xml b/data/16/43/58/164358A300E95071BD894DFA5C6D3F77.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01cb0dcfcba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/43/58/164358A300E95071BD894DFA5C6D3F77.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +A type catalogue of the reed frogs (Amphibia, Anura, Hyperoliidae) in the collection of the Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin (ZMB) with comments on historical collectors and expeditions + + + +Author + +Tillack, Frank +Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany + + + +Author + +Ruiter, Ronald de +Nederlands Openluchtmuseum, Hoeferlaan 4, 6816 SG Arnhem, The Netherlands + + + +Author + +Roedel, Mark-Oliver +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1666-195X +Museum fuer Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany +mo.roedel@mfn-berlin.de + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2021 + +2021-08-10 + + +97 + + +2 + + +407 +450 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.68000 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.68000 +1860-0743-2-407 +DC2EBA6293A141938ADC2A79F7D658B9 +9446F0CE40A752B4897F7B7B71BBFD29 + + + + +Hyperolius albofrenatus Ahl, 1931a: 53. + + + +Holotype. +ZMB 86012, "Deutsch-Ost-Afrika (genauerer Fundort unbekannt [without precise locality])" [probably Tanzania], coll. Ule, 22.XI.1912. + + +Present name. + + +Hyperolius albofrenatus + +Ahl, 1931a. + + + +Remarks. + +Drawing in +Ahl (1931b +: 315, fig. 189). There remains confusion about the collector and, related to this, the likely place of collection. A man by the name of Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule collected in Brazil and donated two frogs to the herpetological collection, one with the accession catalogue number C-581 (from November/December 1912) without further data, and a second one (C-145) on 21 May 1904, collected on the Upper Amazon. The frog thus might actually be a South American tree frog and not a hyperoliid. However, another person named Dr. Ferdinand Uhl was a member of the "Deutsche Schutztruppe" in East Africa who collected the holotype of + +Hyperolius guttolineatus + +Ahl, 1931 (see below, unlocated type specimens). Lastly, a person with the surname Uhle collected in Sumatra, Bolivia and Argentina. Thus, neither the identity of the frog, nor its geographic origin and collector can be determined with certainty. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/94/1644942B85192E85660FC812FD14D967.xml b/data/16/44/94/1644942B85192E85660FC812FD14D967.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0db9ecbccd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/94/1644942B85192E85660FC812FD14D967.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Osservazioni sui Chilopodi dell'Appennino lucano e calabrese (Chilopoda) + + + +Author + +Marzio Zapparoli + +text + + +BIOGEOGRAPHIA-Lav. Soc. ital. Biogeoqr. N. S. + + +1986 + +10 + + +1984 + + +311 +340 + + + + +http://un.availab.le + +journal article +Zapparoli-1984-full-article + + + + + +Lithobius +microps +AA. + +nec Meinert, 1868 + + + + +Lithobius (Monotarsobius) microps +: +Manfredi, 1953: 83 + + +Lithobius (Monotarsobius) microps +: +Parenzan, 1953: 146 + + +Lithobius (Monotarsobius) microps +: + +Capolongo, Cantilena, +Panasci +, 1974: 78, 181 + + + +Lithobius (Monotarsobius) microps +(nec Meinert, 1868): +Minelli, 1985: 43 + + + + + +MATERIALE ESAMINATO: +2 exx. +, +Campania (Salerno), Monte Gelbison +, + +m 1500 + +, + +2.IV.1986 + +, +MZ +; +2 ex. +, +Calabria (Cosenza), Catena Costiera, Lago Due Uomini +, + +2.VI.83 + +, +VV + +. + + + + +Data la confusa situazione nomenclatoriale e tassonomica delle forme +riferm +bili al taxon in questione, preferisco indicare questa +entita +con una nomenclatura convenzionale +gia +adottata in letteratura (Minelli 1985). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/94/164494F9D2C951AFAA9687B09541A933.xml b/data/16/44/94/164494F9D2C951AFAA9687B09541A933.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..035ccf22d20 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/94/164494F9D2C951AFAA9687B09541A933.xml @@ -0,0 +1,262 @@ + + + +Megafauna of the German exploration licence area for seafloor massive sulphides along the Central and South East Indian Ridge (Indian Ocean) + + + +Author + +Gerdes, Klaas +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0164-8311 +INES - Integrated Environmental Solutions, Wilhelmshaven, Germany +kgerdes@ines-solutions.eu + + + +Author + +Kihara, Terue Cristina +INES - Integrated Environmental Solutions, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Martinez Arbizu, Pedro +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Kuhn, Thomas +Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany + + + +Author + +Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich +International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica + + + +Author + +Mah, Christopher L +Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America + + + +Author + +Norenburg, Jon L +Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America + + + +Author + +Linley, Thomas D +Newcastle University, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Shalaeva, Kate +Natural History Museum London, London, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Macpherson, Enrique +Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB), Blanes, Girona, Spain + + + +Author + +Gordon, Dennis +NIWA, Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Stoehr, Sabine +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-7239 +Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden + + + +Author + +Messing, Charles G +Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, United States of America + + + +Author + +Bober, Simon +University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Guggolz, Theresa +University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Christodoulou, Magdalini +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Gebruk, Andrey +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kremenetskaia, Antonina +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kroh, Andreas +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-8848 +Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria + + + +Author + +Sanamyan, Karen +Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia + + + +Author + +Bolstad, Kathrin +Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hoffman, Leon +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Gooday, Andrew J +National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Molodtsova, Tina +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-6952 +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-09-28 + + +9 + + +69955 +69955 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955 +1314-2828-9-e69955 +3627CBB8E2915973B82E80F917CD11AD + + + + +Synallactes sp. indet. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. +Occurrence: +recordedBy: +ROPOS.COM +; individualCount: +1 +; lifeStage: +Adult +; behavior: on sulphides; occurrenceStatus: present; preparations: Imaged only; associatedMedia: R2098_00180.jpg; +Taxon: +taxonConceptID: Synallactes sp. indet.; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Echinodermata; class: Holothuroidea; order: Synallactida; family: Synallactidae; genus: Synallactes; taxonRank: Genus; scientificNameAuthorship: Ludwig, 1894; +Location: +waterBody: Indian Ocean; stateProvince: +South East Indian Ridge +; locality: +Vent site 3 +; verbatimLocality: Cluster 12; maximumDepthInMeters: 2530; locationRemarks: +RV Pelagia Cruise +INDEX2018 Leg 2; geodeticDatum: WGS84; coordinateUncertaintyInMeters: 26; +Identification: +identifiedBy: +Andrey Gebruk, Antonina Kremenetskaia +; identificationRemarks: Identified only from imagery; identificationQualifier: sp. indet.; +Event: +eventDate: + +2018-11-26 + +; eventTime: 8:11:10 am; year: 2018; fieldNumber: INDEX2018-70ROPOS; fieldNotes: 1.8°C, 34.7 ppt; +Record Level: +language: en; institutionCode: DZMB; datasetName: INDEX; basisOfRecord: Human Observation + + + + + +Notes + +Fig. +185 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F440FFC0FF49FEB59BEEFABD.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F440FFC0FF49FEB59BEEFABD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..daf94b61245 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F440FFC0FF49FEB59BEEFABD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + +Genus + +Thyropygus +Pocock, 1894 + + + + + + + + + +Thyropygus + +Pocock, 1894 +: 380 + + + + + + + +Thyropisthus + +Attems, 1942 +: 86 + + +, synonymized by +Hoffman (1975) + +Cornugonus + +Demange, 1961 +: 177 + + +, +new synonym + + + +See +Hoffman (1975) +and +Jeekel (2006) +for extensive synonymies. + + + + +Diagnosis +No proper, up-to-date diagnosis of + +Thyropygus + +is available. The genus was placed in the subfamily Harpagophorinae by +Demange (1961) +and in the tribe Thyropygini by +Hoffman (1975) +. The circumscription of Thyropygini was later modified by +Jeekel (2006) +. The following diagnosis of + +Thyropygus + +has been extracted from these authors: + +ozopores starting on body ring 6 +body rings not strongly wrinkled dorsally +stigmatic grooves very long, reaching at least the middle of the leg prefemora +postfemur and tibia of male walking legs with ventral soft pads +gonopod sternum present, triangular +gonopod telopodite with a femoral and mostly also a tibial spine, but without numerous spines along all +its length +prostatic groove terminating apically on a solenomere or prostatic lobe (apical palette of telopodite) in +a narrowly expanded area set with a series of long, slender, stiffened, usually pigmented spines + +(“blepharochaetae” of +Hoffman, 1975 +) + +apical palette voluminous, more or less expanded, forming a somewhat gutter-like structure Further revisionary work on harpagophorids is likely to lead to modification of this diagnosis. + +Hoffman (1975) +grouped the species of + +Thyropygus + +into four species groups: the + +allevatus +, aterrimus, luxuriosus, + +and + +erythropleurus + +groups. The last group contains the +type +species of + +Thyropygus +, + + +T. erythropleurus +Pocock, 1894 + +(Sumatra) and might alternatively be termed “ + +Thyropygus + +s.s. +” + + +The present paper is the first in a planned series focused on the + +T. allevatus + +group. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F440FFC1FF49FA279C16FD1E.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F440FFC1FF49FA279C16FD1E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..33ee4efaecc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F440FFC1FF49FA279C16FD1E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + +The + +Thyropygus allevatus + +group + + + + +As defined by +Hoffman (1975) +, this group contains + +Thyropygus + +species in which both tibial and femoral spines are present on the gonopods, the tibial spine being very long and recurved proximad towards the femoral one. + + + + +Hoffman (1975) +referred 11 taxa to this group and suggested that two further species, described in + +Cornugonus + +, might also belong to this group. Considering new species and taxonomic changes since 1975, the following species currently belong to the + +T. allevatus + +group (names given here are as in +Jeekel 2006 +, except that + +carli + +is given full species status, cf. +Enghoff, 2005 +): + + + + + +Thyropygus allevatus +( +Karsch, 1881 +) + + +Thyropygus carli +Attems, 1938 + + + + +Thyropygus confusus +Attems, 1938 + + +Thyropygus cuisinieri +Carl, 1917 + + + + +Thyropygus globulus +( +Demange, 1989 +) + + +Thyropygus hoffmani +( +Demange, 1961 +) + + +Thyropygus ligulus +( +Demange, 1961 +) + + + + +Cornugonus bifurcus +( +Demange, 1986 +) + + +Cornugonus enghoffi +( +Demange, 1989 +) + + +Cornugonus floweri +Demange, 1961 + + + + +Cornugonus implicatus +Demange, 1961 + + +Cornugonus inflexus +Demange, 1989 + + + + +Cornugonus opinatus +( +Karsch, 1881 +) + + + + +Thyropygus allevatus +( +Karsch, 1881 +) + +, the ‘ +type +species’ of the + +T. allevatus + +group, is a common species recorded from all over +Thailand +and also from +Vietnam +, +Laos +, +Cambodia +and continental +Malaysia +( +Enghoff, 2005 +). However, it still presents many taxonomic problems. There are many synonyms of + +T. allevatus + +(see +Enghoff 2005 +), and several subspecies have been recognized, but the considerable variation in both somatic characters and gonopods still needs a comprehensive analysis. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F445FFC5FF49FBAD9D3DF8C3.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F445FFC5FF49FBAD9D3DF8C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1179f233150 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F445FFC5FF49FBAD9D3DF8C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,229 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + +The + +opinatus + +subgroup + + + + +A subgroup of the + +Thyropygus allevatus + +group, characterized by + + + + +1. An additional projection on the anterior coxal fold (very small in + +T. loxia + + +n. sp. +) + +2. A single femoral spine (exception: + +T. cristagalli + + +n. sp. + +, which has a double femoral spine) 3. An additional apical lobe (the spatulate lobe) on the telopodite + + + + +The + +opinatus + +subgroup includes + +T. opinatus +( +Karsch, 1881 +) + +, + +n. comb. + +, + +T. floweri +( +Demange, 1961 +) + +, + +n. comb. + +, + +T. implicatus +( +Demange, 1961 +) + +, + +n. comb. + +, + +T. inflexus +( +Demange, 1989 +) + +, + +n. comb. + +, and eight new species; + +T. bearti + + +n. sp +. + +, + +T. bispinispatula + + +n. sp. +, + + +T. bispinus + + +n. sp. + +, + +T. brachyacanthus + + +n. sp. + +, + +T. chelatus + + +n. sp. + +, + +T. cristagalli + + +n. sp. + +, + +T. erectus + + +n. sp. + +and + +T. loxia + + +n. sp. + + + +The subgroup is well-defined by the combination of the characters listed above although one, + +T. cristagalli + +, differs by having a double femoral spine. In this regard, + +T. cristagalli + +resembles the + +T. bifurcus + +subgroup, but it differs from this subgroup in having the spatulate lobe on the telopodite. Thus we prefer to classify this species in the + +opinatus + +subgroup. + + + + +In addition to the diagnostic character combination, all species in the + +opinatus + +subgroup share common characters of head, antennae, mandibles, gnathochilarium, collum, epiproct, paraprocts, hypoproct and first pair of male legs. We therefore give a general description of males of the + +opinatus + +subgroup, allowing brevity in the subsequent species descriptions. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F448FFCEFF49FA239B93F8B3.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F448FFCEFF49FA239B93F8B3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..011af457c1b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F448FFCEFF49FA239B93F8B3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,426 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus opinatus +( +Karsch, 1881 +) + +, +n. comb. + + + + +( +Figs. 6 +A–F, 18A) + + + + + + +Spirostreptus opinatus + +Karsch, 1881 +: 23 + + + + + + + +Spirostreptus opinatus +: + +Pocock 1889 +: 294 + +, 1893: 401 + + +Spirostreptus regis + +Pocock, 1889 +: 297 + + +(?) + + + + + +Spirostreptus andersoni + +Pocock, 1893 +: 401 + + +(nomen nudum?) (?) + +Cornugonus opinatus +: + +Demange, 1961 +: 178 + + + + + + + +Material: +1 male +MYANMAR +, Malewoon, 10° 14ˏ 0˝ N, 98° 37ˏ 0˝ E. Fea leg., ( +ZMUC +). This specimen comes from the same series as that illustrated by +Demange (1961) +, studied earlier by +Pocock (1893) +and now belonging to +MNHN +, +3 males +, +2 females +THAILAND +, Petchaburi Province, Cha-Um district, at Nakwang cave, 12° 51ˏ 26˝ N, 99° 56ˏ 29˝ E. +6 October 2008 +. H. Enghoff, S. Panha, P. Pimvichai and members of Animal Systematics Research Unit leg., ( +CUMZ +), +1 male +THAILAND +, Prachuap Khirikhan Province, Bang Saphan district, Ban Grude, 11° 16ˏ 25˝ N, 99° 33ˏ 1˝ E. +12 October 2008 +. C. Sutcharit and P. Tongkerd leg., ( +CUMZ +), +3 males +THAILAND +, Prachuap Khirikhan Province, Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park, ca. +100 m +before Kaeo cave, 12° 11ˏ 17˝ N, 99° 59ˏ 27˝ E. +21 July 2006 +. G. Hantke & F. Brand leg., ( +SMF +) and +4 males +THAILAND +, Prachuap Khirikhan Province, Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park, ca. surrounding of +10 m +from Kaeo cave, 12° 12ˏ 6˝ N, 99° 59ˏ 25˝ E. +22 July 2006 +. G. Hantke & F. Brand leg., ( +SMF +, +ZMUC +) + + + + +FIGURE 6. +(A, D, E, F): + +Thyropygus opinatus + +, gonopods. A: anterior view, left telopodite removed (specimen from Malewoon). B: anterior view, anterior coxal fold (specimen from Nakwang cave). C: anterior view, anterior coxal fold (specimen from Ban Krude). D: right coxa, posterior view. E: right telopodite, anterior view. F: right telopodite, posterior view. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at apical part of telopodite terminating in a sharp brown spine. Similar in this respect to + +T. floweri + +, + +T. implicatus + +and + +T. erectus + +. Differing from these species by mesal margin of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) serrated or with a single denticle, with a small spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of tibial spine, and the mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) almost as long as lateral process. + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 62–70 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +19–21 cm +, width ca. +10.5–11.5 mm +. Adult females with 70 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +18 cm +, width ca. +9.8–10.8 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 18A +) black. Legs and antennae reddish brown. Epiproct and margins of paraprocts yellowish brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 6 +A–F): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +): lateral process ( +alp +) broadly expanded and apically gradually narrowed, mesal margin with fine serrations ( +Demange 1961: fig. 244 +) or smooth with a single denticle ( +Figs. 6 +A–C, +Pocock 1889 +: fig. 2b); mesal process ( +amp +) almost as long as lateral process, slender, straight, directed distad, terminally slightly curved, pointed, sometimes crossing over with opposite +amp +( +Figs. 6 +A–C). Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 6 +D) distally with two processes: mesal process ( +pmp +) a rounded lobe, shorter than lateral process ( +plp +) and separated from +plp +by deep, rounded sinus; lateral process ( +plp +) a large, smooth, rounded node, projecting further caudad than mesal process. Telopodite ( +Figs. 6 +E–F): Femoral spine ( +fe +) long, slender, very distinctly crenulated along outer curvature, +in situ +resting against posterior surface of +alp +; telopodite distally to +fe +with a massive, broad, round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterally; tibial spine ( +ti +) long, slender, recurved, in anterior view crossing over with +fe +and reaching mesal end of +lo +; apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminating in a sharp brown spine (very slender in Nakwang specimens); a small spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of +ti +; palette ( +pa +) simple, with a longitudinal rounded crest ( +cr +) near tip, distally with about ten brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Described from +MYANMAR +, Tenasserim, without an exact locality ( +Karsch, 1881 +). Subsequently recorded from Sullivan Island (10° 50ˏ 0˝ N, 98° 15ˏ 0˝ E) by +Pocock (1889) +. The +Myanmar +specimens studied by us, +Pocock (1893) +and +Demange (1961) +are from Malewoon, Tenasserim (10° 14ˏ 0˝ N, 98° 37ˏ 0˝ E). We here record the species as new to +Thailand +based on specimens from Petchaburi and Prachuap Khirikhan Provinces. The records from King Island ( +Pocock 1889 +), and from "S. Tenasserim" ( +Pocock,1893 +) are fraught with serious doubts (see notes) and are not shown on the map. + + +Notes: +This species presents several unresolved problems. The original description ( +Karsch, 1881 +) was said to be based on a male, but as usual, Karsch did not describe the gonopods. The whereabouts of the +type +specimen are unknown. The next mention of + +opinatus + +was by +Pocock (1889) +who reported it from Sullivan Island. Pocock gave a relatively good description, including a small gonopod drawing. In 1893, Pocock recorded + +opinatus + +from Malewoon and further noted that “Two young examples collected by Oates in S. Tenasserim are doubtfully referred to this species” and further that “This species was originally described from Tenasserim and was subsequently procured by Dr. Anderson from the Mergui Archipelago”. The latter statement must refer to the name “? + +Sp +. +andersoni +” +Pocock, 1889 + +listed in the synonymy of + +opinatus + +by +Pocock (1893) +with an exact reference to the page and figure number in his 1889 paper and a note that this name is based on a young specimen. The strange thing is that in +Pocock (1889) +there is no + +Spirostreptus andersoni + +; instead there is, on the cited page and under the cited figure number, a + +Spirostreptus regis +Pocock, 1889 + +, based on a single female from King Island. The length of this specimen was given as +55 mm +which does suggest a juvenile. It seems most likely that + +andersoni + +is a +lapsus calami +for + +regis + +, maybe due to confusion with + +Spirobolus andersoni +Pocock, 1889 + +, described just two pages after + +Spirostreptus regis + +. +Demange (1960) +found specimens of neither + +andersoni + +nor + +regis + +in the Natural History Museum of London. + + +Demange (1961) +based his description of + +opinatus + +on a specimen from Malewoon examined by +Pocock (1893) +, and we have carried on this understanding of + +opinatus + +, being aware that rediscovery of Karsch’s +type +specimen may require a revision. Pocock’s (1889) gonopod drawing based on the specimen he described from Sullivan Island bears a strong resemblance to our +Fig. 6 +A, although the lateral process ( +alp +) of the anterior gonopod fold looks slightly narrower in the Sullivan Island specimen. Considering that the specimen illustrated by +Demange (1961) +is again slightly different from the one from the same series studied by us, in this case with an even broader +alp +, and further considering the variability among the new +Thai +specimens, we accept the record of + +opinatus + +by +Pocock (1889) +as belonging to this species as understood here. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44BFFC8FF49F97A9AFDFAE2.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44BFFC8FF49F97A9AFDFAE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cdceae86a5c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44BFFC8FF49F97A9AFDFAE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,408 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + +Key to species of the + +T +. +opinatus + +subgroup + + + + + + + + +1 Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) distally drawn out into one (rarely two) sharp dark brown spine(s).............................................. 2 + + + + +1* Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) distally expanded and/or rounded, spoonlike, without a spine ...................................................... 6 + + + + + + +2 Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminating in two sharp brown spines, the outer spine slightly smaller and shorter than the inner one; lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) slender, slightly curving mesad; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) almost as long as +alp +, flattened + +........................................................................ +Thyropygus bispinispatula + + +n. sp. + + + + + +2* Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminating in a single sharp dark brown spine .............................................................................. 3 + + + + + + +3 Telopodite distally to +fe +with a large, round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterally............................................................ 4 + + + + + +3* Telopodite without a lobe distal to +fe +; lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) long, slender, regularly curved, tip + + + +close to tip of opposite +alp +, the two together forming a circle; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) straight, shorter than +alp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) directed distad, pointed + +.................................................. +Thyropygus erectus + + +n. sp. + + + +4 Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) very slender, regularly curved, simple, tip close to tip of the opposite side, the two together forming a circle; mesal process of posterior coxal fold ( +pmp +): strongly developed along anterior-posterior axis +................................................................................ + +Thyropygus floweri +( +Demange, 1961 +) + + +n. comb. + + + + + + +4* Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) different, broader and/or with several apical denticles ........................... 5 + + + + + +5 Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) broad, apically gradually narrowed; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) almost as long as lateral process ( +alp +), slender, straight, terminally slightly curved, pointed ............................. +.............................................................................................................. + +Thyropygus opinatus +( +Karsch, 1881 +) + + +n. comb. + + + + + +5* Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) apically bent abruptly mesad, tip with serrate margins; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) much shorter than lateral process ( +alp +), directed meso-distad, simple, pointed; mesal process of posterior coxal fold ( +pmp +): strongly developed along anterior-posterior axis.................................................... +....................................................................................................... + +Thyropygus implicatus +( +Demange, 1961 +) + + +n. comb. + + + + + + + +6 Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) broad, mesal margin concave, tip with serrate margins, cockscomb-like; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) much shorter than lateral process ( +alp +), directed meso-distad, simple, pointed; an additional spine-like process ( +aip +) between +alp +and + +amp ............................. +Thyropygus cristagalli + + +n. sp. + + + + + +6* Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) slender, regularly curved, no additional process between lateral ( +alp +) and mesal ( +amp +) ones ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 + + + + + + +7 Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) apically abruptly truncate + +.................................... +Thyropygus bearti + + +n. sp. + + + + + +7* Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) apically pointed........................................................................................ 8 + + + + + + +8 Mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) very small, telopodite distally to +fe +with a small round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterally + +........................................................................................................................ +Thyropygus loxia + + +n. sp. + + + + + +8* Mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) relatively long.......................................................................................... 9 + + + + + + +9 Mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) much shorter than lateral process ( +alp +), directed obliquely disto-mesad, slender, straight. + +................................................................................................................... +Thyropygus chelatus + + +n. sp. + + + + + +9* Mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) directed distad, thicker, straight or slightly sigmoid ............................. 10 + + + + + + +10 Mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) almost as long as lateral process ( +alp +), slightly sigmoid, pointed; mesal process of posterior coxal fold ( +pmp +) directed distolaterad + +..................................... +Thyropygus brachyacanthus + + +n. sp. + + + + + +10* Mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) longer than lateral process ( +alp +), directed distad, parallel with opposite process......................................................................................................................................................................... 11 + + + + + + +11 Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) apically with a crest extending caudad and ending in a small spine; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) apically irregularly tuberculate; telopodite distally without a rounded lobe ( +lo +); femoral spine ( +fe +) short; spatulate lobe ( +sl +) distally rounded, with smooth edges.......................................................... +........................................................................................................... + +Thyropygus inflexus +( +Demange, 1989 +) + + +n. comb. + + + + + +11* Lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) apically without a crest; mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) apically sharp; telopodite distally with a rounded lobe ( +lo +); femoral spine ( +fe +) long; margins of spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminally meeting in a distinct angle + +.......................................................................................... +Thyropygus bispinus + + +n. sp. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44CFFCDFF49FB689B9EFE2A.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44CFFCDFF49FB689B9EFE2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0701155483e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44CFFCDFF49FB689B9EFE2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus implicatus +( +Demange, 1961 +) + +, +n. comb. + + + + +( +Figs. 2 +, +3 +, +8 +A–D) + + + + + + +Cornugonus implicatus + +Demange, 1961 +: 181 + + +. +Holotype +(not seen) in the Natural History Museum, London. + + + + + +Material: +10 males +, +5 females +, and +1 juvenile +THAILAND +, Satun Province, Thale Ban National Park, 6° 42ˏ 29˝ N, 100° 10ˏ 46˝ E. +15 October 1991 +. M. Andersen, O. Martin and N. Scharff leg., ( +ZMUC +). + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite terminating in a sharp brown spine. Similar in this respect to + +T. opinatus + +, + +T. floweri + +and + +T. erectus + +. Differs from these species by the having the lateral process of the anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) apically bent abruptly mesad, its tip with serrate margins. + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 63–70 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +12–13 cm +, width ca. 7.4–8.0 mm. Adult females with 65–80 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +12–22 cm +, width ca. 8.0–11.0 mm. Color in life unknown; preserved specimens with head, antennae, legs, prozona, middorsal metazona, epiproct, paraprocts and hyproproct brown; metazona, margins of epiproct and paraprocts, and the tip of hypoproct darker brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 8 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 8 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) apically bent abruptly mesad, tip with serrate margins, posterior side with a horizontal crest; mesal process ( +amp +) much shorter than lateral process, directed meso-distad, pointed. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 8 +B) with lateral paracoxites ( +px +), digitiform; mesal process ( +pmp +) complex, strongly developed along an anterior-posterior axis, with a large posterior broad lobe ( +pbl +) and an anterior slender digitiform process ( +adp +); lateral process ( +plp +) small, pointed. Telopodite ( +Figs. 8 +C–D) leaving coxite between +pmp +and +plp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) basally massive, ending in sharp point, directed almost straightly mesad, +in situ +resting against posterior surface of +alp +, fitting under its horizontal crest, crossing over with +fe +of the opposite side; telopodite distally to +fe +with a large, round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterally; tibial spine ( +ti +) long, slender, curving in horizontal plane, its tip upturned and resting against anterior surface of +adp +; apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminating in a sharp brown spine; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, distally with about nine brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Described from +MALAYSIA +, Penang Hill (5° 25ˏ 29˝ N, 100° 16ˏ 7˝ E) ( +Demange, 1961 +), based on specimens (including +holotype +) belonging to the Natural History Museum in London, and further specimens from +MALAYSIA +, +Malacca +, Sultanate of Kedah (2° 27ˏ 16˝ N, 102° 25ˏ 47˝ E) belonging to Naturalis, Leiden. The species was recorded as new for the +Thai +fauna by +Enghoff (2005) +based on the specimens studied by us ( +THAILAND +, Satun Province, Thale Ban National Park). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44FFFCCFF49FF7A9E64FBE6.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44FFFCCFF49FF7A9E64FBE6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f80417c181a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F44FFFCCFF49FF7A9E64FBE6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus floweri +( +Demange, 1961 +) + +, +n. comb. + + + + +( +Figs. 7 +A–D) + + + + + + +Cornugonus floweri + +Demange, 1961 +: 184 + + +. +Holotype +(not seen) in the Natural History Museum, London. + + + + + +Material: +1 male +THAILAND +, Yala Province, Bang Lang National Park, 6° 0 4ˏ 12˝ N, 101° 11ˏ 18˝ E. +19 October 1991 +. M. Andersen, O. Martin and N. Scharff leg., ( +ZMUC +). + + + + +FIGURE 7. + +Thyropygus floweri +, + +specimen from Bang Lang National Park, gonopods. A: anterior view, left telopodite removed. B: posterior view, left telopodite removed. C: left telopodite, anterior view. D: left telopodite, posterior view. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite terminating in a sharp brown spine. Similar in this respect to + +T. opinatus + +, + +T. implicatus + +and + +T. erectus +. + +Differs from the first two of these species by the lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) being very slender and regularly curved, the two +alp +’s forming a circle. Particularly similar to + +T. erectus + +, but differing from it by having the mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) much shorter than +alp +, by having the mesal process of posterior coxal fold ( +pmp +), strongly developed along the anterior-posterior axis, and by the presence of a telopodite lobe ( +lo +). + + + + +Description: +Adult male with 62 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +12 cm +, width ca. 8.0 mm. Color in life unknown; preserved specimen with prozona whitish-brown, metazona, tip of epiproct, paraprocts, and tip of hypoproct dark brown, head, antennae, middorsal metazona, legs, epiproct and hyproproct brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 7 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 7 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) long, slender, regularly curved, tip close to tip of opposite +alp +, the two together forming a circle; mesal process ( +amp +) much shorter than +alp +, straight, directed distad. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 7 +B) with lateral paracoxites ( +px +) digitiform; mesal process ( +pmp +): strongly developed along anterior-posterior axis, with a large broad, somewhat hammershaped lobe ( +pbl +) curving caudad, and an anterior slender digitiform process ( +adp +). Telopodite ( +Figs. 7 +C–D) leaving coxite in front of +adp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) massive, curving mesad in the horizontal plane and resting against posterior surface of +ac +; telopodite distally to +fe +with a large, round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterally; tibial spine ( +ti +) very long, slender, curving under +pbl +in horizontal plane, its tip upturned and resting against anterior surface of +adp +; apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) with a sharp dark brown spine at tip; palette ( +pa +) simple, distally with about ten brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Described from +MALAYSIA +, Bukit Jalor, ( +Demange, 1961 +), based on a specimen belonging to the Natural History Museum in London. This locality was part of +Malaysia +in the past but now Jalor belongs to +THAILAND +, and the name has changed to Yala. The specimen studied by us, collected in Yala Province, Bang Lang National Park, may thus be a topotype. The species was recorded as new for the +Thai +fauna by +Enghoff (2005) +based on this specimen and for the time being should be regarded as a +Thai +endemic. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F450FFD6FF49F9519C11FE0D.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F450FFD6FF49F9519C11FE0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7aaa4343b70 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F450FFD6FF49F9519C11FE0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus bispinispatula + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 11 +A–D, 18C) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Chumphon Province, Lang Suan district, Khao Krieab Temple, 9° 49ˏ 4˝ N, 99° 2ˏ 17˝ E. +11 October 2008 +. P. Prasankok and members of Animal Systematics Research Unit leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +2 females +and +3 juveniles +, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +). + + + + +Etymology: +The species epithet is a Latin noun in apposition and refers to the spinose spatulate lobe of the gonopod telopodite. + + + + +FIGURE 11. + +Thyropygus bispinispatula + +, holotype, gonopods. A: anterior view, left telopodite removed. B: posterior view, left telopodite removed. C: left telopodite, anterior view. D: left telopodite, posterior view. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Differing from all other species in the subgroup by having the spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite terminating in two sharp brown spines. + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 67 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +12 cm +, width ca. +7.4 mm +. Adult females with 64 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +13–16 cm +, width ca. +7.6–9.3 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 18 +C) yellowish brown. Legs and antennae brownish orange. Paraprocts dark brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 11 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 11 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) slender, slightly curved mesad; mesal process ( +amp +) almost as long as +alp +, straight, flattened, parallel-sided, directed straight distad. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 11 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +), distally with two processes: mesal process ( +pmp +) slightly shorter than +plp +, and curving behind +plp +; lateral process ( +plp +) a rounded lobe, curving caudad. Telopodite ( +Figs. 11 +C–D) leaving coxite between +pmp +and +plp +; Femoral spine ( +fe +) very long, directed obliquely distad, crenulated along inner curvature, +in situ +resting against posterior surface of +amp +; telopodite distally to +fe +with a vertical, smooth lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterad; tibial spine ( +ti +) very long, curving in horizontal plane close to the middle part of +fe +; spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminating in two sharp brown spines, the outer spine slightly smaller and shorter than the inner one; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutterlike, distally with about seven brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F452FFD3FF49FF7A9B07FCA7.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F452FFD3FF49FF7A9B07FCA7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01cf34bc459 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F452FFD3FF49FF7A9B07FCA7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,228 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus inflexus +( +Demange, 1989 +) + +, +n. comb. + + + + +( +Figs. 9 +A–E) + + + + + + +Cornugonus inflexus + +Demange, 1989 +: 780 + + + + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Kanchanaburi Province, Sai Yok district, 14° 6ˏ 56˝ N, 99° 8ˏ40˝ E. +16 June 1986 +. L. Deharveng leg., ( +MNHN +). + + + + +FIGURE 9. + +Thyropygus inflexus +, + +holotype, gonopods. A: anterior view, left telopodite removed. B: posterior view, left telopodite removed. C: lateral view. D: left telopodite, anterior view. E: left telopodite, posterior view. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite expanded, smooth and without a spine. Similar in this respect to + +T. bearti + +, + +T. chelatus + +, + +T. cristagalli + +, + +T. brachyacanthus + +, + +T. loxia + +and + +T. bispinus + +. Differs from the first five of these species by the mesal process of the anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) being longer than the lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +). Particularly similar to + +T. bispinus + +, differing from it by +alp +apically with a crest extending caudad and ending in a small spine ( +Fig. 9 +C, arrow), +amp +apically irregularly tuberculate, the absence of telopodite lobe ( +lo +), and having a small spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of tibial spine. + + + + +Description: +Adult male with 69 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +13 cm +(broken), width ca. 7.0 mm. Color in life unknown; preserved specimen with prozona, epiproct, and paraprocts whitish-brown, Head, antennae, legs, metazona, tip of epiproct, margins of paraprocts, and hypoproct brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 9 +A–E): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 9 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) long, slender, regularly curved, in anterior view sickle-shaped, apically with a crest extending caudad and ending in a small spine ( +Fig. 9 +C, arrow); mesal process ( +amp +) slightly longer than lateral process ( +alp +), protruding from middle of mesal margin of +ac +, apically irregularly tuberculate. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 9 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +); mesal process ( +pmp +) slender, directed distolaterad; lateral process ( +plp +) damaged on both sides of unique specimen. Telopodite ( +Figs. 9 +D–E): Femoral spine ( +fe +) flattened, short, lying close to top of telopodite; tibial spine ( +ti +) very long, curving in horizontal plane; spatulate lobe ( +sl +) basally slender, distally broadly expanded, with inner lateral margin arched; a small accessory lobe ( +al +) at base of +sl +; and a small slender spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of the tibial spine; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, distally with about seven brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Described from +THAILAND +, Kanchanaburi [Kanchanabrui], without an exact locality ( +Demange, 1989 +). The more precise locality of the +holotype +, which is the only known specimen, is Kanchanaburi Province, Sai Yok district (L. Deharveng, personal communication). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F453FFD3FF49FC299C11F823.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F453FFD3FF49FC299C11F823.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9251cc7f1d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F453FFD3FF49FC299C11F823.xml @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus bearti + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 5 +, +10 +A–D, 18B) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Suratthani Province, Don Sak district, Khao Sai, 9° 14ˏ 48˝ N, 99° 45ˏ 51˝ E. +27 August 2007 +. H. Enghoff and S. Panha leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +1 female +, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +), +1 male +, +1 female +, same data as +holotype +( +ZMUC +). + + + + +Etymology: +The species is named after the +Thai +Biodiversity Research and Training Program ( +BRT +), in recognition of this agency’s support for our research. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite rounded, spoon-like. Similar in this respect to + +T. inflexus +, +T. chelatus + +, and + +T. cristagalli + +, + +T. brachyacanthus + +and + +T. loxia + +. Differs from these species by the apical palette ( +pa +) having a longitudinal rounded crest near tip, and by the lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) being apically abruptly truncate. + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 61–62 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +12–13 cm +, width ca. +7.4 mm +. Adult females with 62–63 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +12 cm +, width ca. +7.6–7.8 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 18 +B) brown. Legs and antennae pink, prozona, head, epiproct, paraprocts, and hypoproct brown, metazona pinkish brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 10 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 10 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) slightly curved, directed obliquely mesad, apically abruptly truncate; mesal process ( +amp +) much shorter than lateral process, directed distad, slightly sigmoid, pointed. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 10 +B) basally with moderately high paracoxites ( +px +), distally with two processes: mesal process ( +pmp +) pointed-triangular, directed almost straightly distad; lateral process ( +plp +) much shorter, digitiform, directed distad and slightly laterad. Telopodite ( +Figs. 10 +C–D) leaving coxite between +pmp +and +plp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) basally very broad, curving mesad and ending in sharp point; tibial spine ( +ti +) long, slender, curving in horizontal plane, its tip +in situ +resting between +pmp +and +amp +; apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) basally slender, distally expanded, rounded, spoon-like; a small accessory lobe ( +al +) at base of +sl +; and a small slender spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of +ti +; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, with a longitudinal rounded crest ( +cr +) near tip, distally with about thirteen brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F457FFD5FF49FA5B9D8DFE0D.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F457FFD5FF49FA5B9D8DFE0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7cb33afecc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F457FFD5FF49FA5B9D8DFE0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus brachyacanthus + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 13 +A–D, 18D) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Suratthani Province, Khiriratnikhom district, Sathitkhirirom Temple, 9° 0 1ˏ 49˝ N, 98° 59ˏ 12˝ E. +9 October 2008 +. H. Enghoff, S. Panha, P. Pimvichai and members of Animal Systematics Research Unit leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +5 males +, +5 females +, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +), +2 males +, +2 females +( +ZMUC +), +1 male +, +1 female +, +THAILAND +, Suratthani Province, Ban Takhun district, Water supply Khaowong, 8° 56ˏ 5˝ N, 98° 55ˏ 30˝ E. +9 October 2008 +. H. Enghoff, S. Panha, P. Pimvichai and members of Animal Systematics Research Unit leg., ( +CUMZ +). + + + + +Etymology: +The species epithet is a Greek noun in apposition and refers to the short femoral spine of the gonopod telopodite. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite rounded, spoon-like. Similar in this respect to + +T. inflexus + +, + +T. bearti + +, + +T. chelatus + +, + +T. cristagalli + +and + +T. loxia + +. Differs from all other species of the + +T. opinatus + +subgroup by having the lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) flattened, regularly curved, sickle-shaped, and by having the mesal process ( +amp +) almost as long as +alp +, directed distad, slightly sigmoid, pointed + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 63-67 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +10–11 cm +, width ca. +4.5–5.1 mm +. Adult females with 62–65 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +10–13 cm +, width ca. +5.6–6.7 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 18 +D) grayish black. Metazona dark brown. Legs pink. Epiproct, paraprocts reddish orange. + + + +FIGURE 13. + +Thyropygus brachyacanthus + +, holotype, gonopods. A: anterior view, left telopodite removed. B: posterior view, left telopodite removed. C: left telopodite, anterior view. D: left telopodite, posterior view. + + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 13 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 13 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) flattened, long, slender, regularly curved; mesal process ( +amp +) almost as long as +alp +, directed distad, slightly sigmoid, pointed. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 13 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +), distally truncate, forming shelf ( +sh +) for accommodation of telopodite; mesal process ( +pmp +) directed distolaterad. + + +Telopodite ( +Figs. 13 +C–D) leaving coxite over shelf of posterior coxal fold; Femoral spine ( +fe +) short, slightly curved, +in situ +resting behind +alp +; telopodite distally to +fe +with a round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterad; tibial spine ( +ti +) very long, curving in horizontal plane, in situ resting close to tip of +pmp +; an additional protruding lamella at the origin of +ti +; spatulate lobe ( +sl +) basally slender, distally broadly expanded; a small slender spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of the tibial spine; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, with a longitudinal rounded crest ( +cr +) near tip, distally with about eight brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality and one further site in Suratthani Province, the two sites being separated by approximately +25 km +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F457FFD7FF49FF7A9B42FA91.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F457FFD7FF49FF7A9B42FA91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a37c374a3b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F457FFD7FF49FF7A9B42FA91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus bispinus + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 12 +A–D) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Uthaithani Province, Tap-Tan district, 15° 29ˏ 11˝ N, 99° 48ˏ 48˝ E. +July 1996 +. T. Werner leg., ( +ZSM +). – +Paratype +: +1 male +THAILAND +, +2 km +East of Mae Lai subdistrict, Muang district, Phrae Province, +80 km +East of Lampang Province, 18° 13ˏ 21˝ N, 100° 12ˏ 30˝ E. +20 August 1987 +. T. Werner leg., ( +ZSM +). + + + + +Etymology: +The name refers to the presence of only two spines on the gonopod telopodite – one of the characters that separate this species from the otherwise very similar + +T. inflexus + +. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite expanded, smooth and without a spine. Similar in these respects to + +T. inflexus +, +T. bearti + +, + +T. chelatus + +, + +T. cristagalli + +, + +T. brachyacanthus + +and + +T. loxia + +. Differs from the last five of these species by having the mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) longer than lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) and tip of +alp +overlapping tip of +amp +. Particularly similar to + +T. inflexus + +, but differing from it by +amp +being apically sharp, by lateral process of posterior coxal fold ( +plp +) being large, rounded, pointing mesad, by the presence of a telopodite lobe ( +lo +), by femoral spine ( +fe +), being long, by margins of spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminally meeting in a distinct angle and by the absence of a small spine ( +ss +) on the gonopod telopodite, opposite the tibial spine. + + + + +Description: +Adult male with 61 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +10 cm +(broken), width ca. 7.0 mm. Color in life unknown; preserved specimen brown. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 12 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 12 +A), lateral process ( +alp +) long, slender, regularly curved, sickle-shaped; mesal process ( +amp +) slightly longer than lateral process ( +alp +), protruding from the middle of the mesal margin of +ac +, apically sharp. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 12 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +), distally with two processes: mesal process ( +pmp +) flattened, curving behind +plp +; lateral process ( +plp +) a rounded lobe, projecting further caudad. Telopodite ( +Figs. 12 +C–D) leaving coxite between +pmp +and +plp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) flattened, very long, +in situ +resting close to middle part of +ac +; telopodite distally to +fe +with a round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterally; tibial spine ( +ti +) long, slender, recurved and almost reaching tip of +lo +; margins of spatulate lobe ( +sl +) terminally meeting in a distinct angle (but not forming a spine), lateral margin of +sl +twisted; a small accessory lobe ( +al +) at base of +sl +and a twisted lamella behind +sl +; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, with a longitudinal rounded crest ( +cr +) near tip, distally with about nine brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality in central +Thailand +and one additional locality in northern +Thailand +, the two sites being separated by approximately +365 km +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F459FFD9FF49FF7A9C11FB83.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F459FFD9FF49FF7A9C11FB83.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06728a24961 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F459FFD9FF49FF7A9C11FB83.xml @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus erectus + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 16 +A–D, 19C) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Satun Province, La-Ngu district, Koh Tarutao, 6° 49ˏ 36˝ N, 99° 38ˏ 30˝ E. +6 April 2008 +. P. Pimvichai, P. Prasankok, P. Tongkerd, R. Chanabun and Suwit Lhaokhum leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +10 females +, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +). + + + + +Etymology: +The species epithet is a Latin adjective and refers to the erect femoral spine of the gonopod telopodite. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite terminating in a sharp brown spine. Similar in this respect to + +T. opinatus + +, + +T. floweri + +and + +T. implicatus + +. Differs from these species by having the femoral spine ( +fe +) directed distad and by having the mesal process of posterior coxal fold ( +pmp) +flattened, curved distolaterad. + + + + +Description: +Adult male with 56 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +7 cm +, width ca. +4.3 mm +. Adult females with 53–58 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +8–10 cm +, width ca. +4.6–5.6 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 19 +C) brown with a longitudinal orange band mid-dorsally on the body. Legs and antennae pale pink. Epiproct and margins of paraprocts yellow. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 16 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 16 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) long, slender, regularly curved, tip close to tip of opposite +alp +, the two together forming a circle; mesal process ( +amp +) almost as long as +alp +, straight, directed distad. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 16 +B) with lateral paracoxites ( +px +) quite low, lateral process ( +plp +) digitiform; mesal process ( +pmp) +flattened, curved distolaterad. Telopodite ( +Figs. 16 +C–D) leaving coxite between +pmp +and +plp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) situated on the broad rounded lobe, directed distad, +in situ +resting close to +amp +; tibial spine ( +ti +) very long, slender, curving in horizontal plane, its tip close to base of +fe +, +in situ +resting between +amp +and +alp +; apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) with a sharp dark brown spine at tip; palette ( +pa +) simple, distally with about six brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F459FFDEFF49FB4A9C11FEBE.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F459FFDEFF49FB4A9C11FEBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55d00c8db6d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F459FFDEFF49FB4A9C11FEBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,221 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus loxia + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 17 +A–D, 19D) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Suratthani Province, Thachana district, Tam-Yai Temple, 9° 33ˏ 31˝ N, 99° 10ˏ 26˝ E. +11 October 2008 +. H. Enghoff, S. Panha, P. Pimvichai and members of Animal Systematics Research Unit leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +1 female +and 2 sub-adult males, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +). + + + + +Etymology: +The name refers to the overlapping lateral processes of the gonopod anterior coxal folds, reminiscent of the bill in the bird genus + +Loxia + +(crossbills). + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite rounded, spoon-like. Similar in this respect to + +T. inflexus + +, + +T. bearti + +, + +T. chelatus + +, + +T. cristagalli + +and + +T. brachyacanthus + +. Differs from all other species of the + +T. opinatus + +subgroup by having a longitudinal lateral crest ( +Fig 17 +C, arrow) on the anterior coxal fold ( +ac +); by having the tip of the lateral process of anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) crossing over with opposite tip, and by having the median process of posterior coxal fold ( +amp +) very small. + + + + +Description: +Adult male with 69 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +10 cm +, width ca. +5.5 mm +. Adult female with 58 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +9 cm +, width ca. +6.3 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 19 +D) brown. Antennae and legs brownish orange. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 17 +A–E): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Figs. 17 +A, C) with a lateral longitudinal crest ( +Fig. 17 +C, arrow); lateral process ( +alp +) slender, regularly curved, tip crossing over with tip of opposite side, the two together forming a circle; mesal process ( +amp +) very small, hump-like. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 17 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +), distally with two processes: mesal process ( +pmp +) curving caudad; lateral process ( +plp +) digitiform, directed distad. Telopodite ( +Figs. 16 +D–E) leaving coxite between +pmp +and +plp +; femoral spine ( +fe +) very long, curved, +in situ +resting curving close to +pmp +; telopodite distally to +fe +with a small round lobe ( +lo +) projecting distolaterad; tibial spine ( +ti +) very long, curving in horizontal plane under +fe +, +in situ +resting close to mesal part of +fe +; spatulate lobe ( +sl +) basally slender, distally broadly expanded, rounded, spoon-like; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, distally with about eight brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F45AFFD8FF49FA849C11FE81.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F45AFFD8FF49FA849C11FE81.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eb6ffe4fa88 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F45AFFD8FF49FA849C11FE81.xml @@ -0,0 +1,237 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus cristagalli + +n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 15 +A–D, 19B) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Phang Nga Province, Koh Yao district, Koh Yao Noi, 8° 0 6ˏ 45˝ N, 98° 36ˏ 6˝ E. +2 May 2007 +. P. Pimvichai and P. Prasankok leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +7 males +, +8 females +, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +), +2 males +, +2 females +, same data as +holotype +( +ZMUC +). + + + + +Etymology: +The species epithet is a Latin noun in apposition, meaning cockscomb, and refers to the shape of the lateral process of the anterior gonopod coxal fold ( +alp +). + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite rounded, spoon-like. Similar in this respect to + +T. inflexus + +, + +T. bearti +T. chelatus + +, + +T. brachyacanthus + +and + +T. loxia + +. Differs from all other species of the + +T. opinatus + +subgroup by having the femoral spine ( +fe +) doubled, and by having the laterodistal margin of the lateral process of the anterior coxal fold ( +alp +) coarsely serrate, cockscomb-like. + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 61 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +11–14 cm +, width ca. +7.6–7.9 mm +. Adult females with 56–61 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +8–12 cm +, width ca. +6.6–7.7 mm +. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 19 +B) brown with a longitudinal reddish band mid-dorsally on the body. Legs, head, and antennae darker brown. + + + +FIGURE 15. + +Thyropygus cristagalli + +, paratype, gonopods. A: anterior view, left telopodite removed. B: posterior view, left telopodite removed. C: left telopodite, anterior view. D: left telopodite, posterior view. + + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 15 +A–D): Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 15 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) flattened, slightly curved, its laterodistal margin coarsely dentate, terminating in a short, pointed spine; an additional spine-like process ( +aip +) between +alp +and +amp +, +aip +in lateral view broadly triangular; mesal process ( +amp +) much shorter than +alp +, directed distad, curving very slightly mesad, pointed. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 15 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +), distally truncate, forming shelf ( +sh +) for accommodation of telopodite; Telopodite ( +Figs. 15 +C–D) leaving coxite over shelf of posterior coxal fold; femoral spine ( +fe +) duplicated, one spine ( +fe +1) much smaller than the other, basally broad and erect, ending in a slender barb, the second ( +fe +2) longer and thicker than +fe +1, situated under +fe +1, almost straight, slightly sigmoid, its tip +in situ +resting close to the middle part of +ac +; tibial spine ( +ti +) long, slender and recurved, curving in horizontal plane, its tip +in situ +resting at the base of +amp +; apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) basally slender, distally expanded, rounded, slightly twisted; a small slender spine ( +ss +) at base of apical part, opposite the origin of the tibial spine; palette ( +pa +) simple, in the middle with a small lateral lamella, distally with about twelve brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F45AFFDAFF49FF7A9C12FAC2.xml b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F45AFFDAFF49FF7A9C12FAC2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8859cbd3011 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/44/D5/1644D538F45AFFDAFF49FF7A9C12FAC2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +A revision of the Thyropygus allevatus group. Part 1: the T. opinatus subgroup (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae) + + + +Author + +Pimvichai, Piyatida + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2016 + + +17 +50 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.185971 +1db39382-b4f0-46fa-ae08-dd5e57e0e26b +1175-5326 +185971 + + + + + + + +Thyropygus chelatu + +s n. sp. + + + + +( +Figs. 4 +, +14 +A–D, 19A) + + + + +Material: +HOLOTYPE +male +THAILAND +, Nakhonsrithammarat Province, Khanom district, Koh Rab, 9° 18ˏ 30˝ N, 99° 57ˏ 30˝ E. +26 August 2007 +. H. Enghoff and S. Panha leg., ( +CUMZ +). – +Paratypes +: +10 males +, +40 females +, same data as +holotype +( +CUMZ +), +2 males +, +2 females +, same data as +holotype +( +ZMUC +), +3 males +, +2 females +, +THAILAND +, Nakhonsrithammarat Province, Khanom district, Koh Wangnok, 9° 14ˏ 41˝ N, 99° 54ˏ 48˝ E. +26 August 2007 +. H. Enghoff and S. Panha leg., ( +CUMZ +). + + + + +Etymology: +The name refers to the chela-like gonopodal anterior coxal fold. + + + + +Diagnosis: +A species of the + +opinatus + +subgroup. Spatulate lobe ( +sl +) at the apical part of telopodite rounded, spoon-like. Similar in this respect to + +T. inflexus +, +T. bearti + +, + +T. cristagalli + +, + +T. brachyacanthus + +and + +T. loxia + +. Differs from these species by the mesal process of anterior coxal fold ( +amp +) being directed obliquely mesodistad from the mesal margin of anterior coxal fold ( +ac +). + + + + +Description: +Adult males with 56–58 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +9–12 cm +, width ca. +6.8–7.2 mm +. Adult females with 54–60 podous rings, no apodous rings. Length ca. +10–12 cm +, width ca. 7.2–8.0 mm. Overall color of living animal ( +Fig. 19A +) medium brown. Prozona, legs and antennae brown, metazona dark brown, head reddish brown, tip of epiproct, margins of paraprocts, and hypoproct yellow. + + +Gonopods ( +Figs. 14 +A–D): Sternum ( +st +) somewhat larger than in the other subgroup members. Anterior coxal fold ( +ac +) ( +Fig. 14 +A): lateral process ( +alp +) stout, regularly sickle-shaped; mesal process ( +amp +) much shorter than lateral process, directed obliquely disto-mesad, slender, straight, and pointed. Posterior coxal fold ( +pc +) ( +Fig. 14 +B) basally with moderately high lateral paracoxites ( +px +), distally truncate, forming shelf ( +sh +) for accommodation of telopodite; laterally with an erect, digitiform process ( +plp +). Telopodite ( +Figs. 14 +C–D) leaving coxite over shelf of posterior coxal fold; femoral spine ( +fe +) long, slender, excavated along its outer curvature, curving almost exclusively in horizontal plane, its outer curvature +in situ +resting against the processes +alp +and +amp +; tibial spine of same size and shape as femoral spine, but curving in the opposite direction in the horizontal plane, its tip +in situ +resting against mesal corner of shelf ( +sh +); apical part: spatulate lobe ( +sl +) basally slender, distally expanded, rounded, spoon-like; palette ( +pa +) simple, gutter-like, distally with about twelve brownish blepharochaetae ( +bp +). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig. 20 +): Known only from Koh Rab and Koh Wangnok, two small islands in the Gulf of +Thailand +, where it was very abundant on the day of collecting. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/45/0E/16450E670F62ABDDD9E0A490AA234894.xml b/data/16/45/0E/16450E670F62ABDDD9E0A490AA234894.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5d4c2e6326 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/45/0E/16450E670F62ABDDD9E0A490AA234894.xml @@ -0,0 +1,532 @@ + + + +An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Paukkunen, Juho + + + +Author + +Berg, Alexander + + + +Author + +Soon, Villu + + + +Author + +Odegaard, Frode + + + +Author + +Rosa, Paolo + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +548 + + +1 +116 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164 +1313-2970-548-1 +D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F +D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae + + + +Parnopes grandior (Pallas, 1771) +Fig. 209 + + + + + +Chrysis +grandior + +Pallas, 1771: 474. + + +Parnopes grandior +: + +Mocsary +1882 + +: 74. + + + +Diagnosis. +Length 8-12 mm. The species is easy to differentiate from other North European cuckoo wasps by its unique structure and colouration. The head, mesosoma and most of T1 are green or green-blue, with golden or coppery reflections, especially in the female. The metasoma behind T1, tegulae and tibiae are usually non-metallic red (Fig. 209). Sometimes also T2, T3 (and T4) have a metallic sheen laterally or even dorsally. The female has three and the male four external tergites, and the posterior margin of the last tergite is irregularly dentate (Fig. 209). The mouthparts are longer than the rest of the head, and the tegulae are large covering the wing bases (Fig. 209). + + +Distribution. + +Lithuania. Very rare. The species has been recorded from five localities in southern Lithuania ( +Orlovskytė et al. 2010 +). - West Palearctic: from Europe and northern Africa to Yemen and southwestern Asia ( +Linsenmaier 1997 +, +1999 +). + + + +Biology. + +Habitat: xerothermic sparsely vegetated sandy areas. Adults often visit flowers of several different families ( +Bischoff 1923 +, +Trautmann 1927 +, +Molitor 1935 +, +Schneid 1954 +, +Linsenmaier 1997 +, +Rosa 2004 +). Flight period: July to August. Host: +Bembix rostrata +(Linnaeus) ( +Crabronidae +) ( +Gauss 1967 +), in southern Europe also other species of +Bembix +Fabricius ( +Linsenmaier 1968 +, +Kunz 1994 +). The larva does not consume the host larva until it is fully grown ( +Malyshev 1968 +). + + + +Figure 209. +Parnopes grandior +♂. Scale 1 mm. + + + +Table 3. Distribution of chrysidid species in the Nordic and Baltic countries. DK = Denmark, EE = Estonia, FI = Finland, LV = Latvia, LT = Lithuania, NO = Norway, SE = Sweden. 1 = recorded before 2000, 2 = recorded from 2000 onwards. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpeciesDKEEFILVLTNOSE
+Cleptes nitidulus +
+Cleptes semicyaneus +
+Cleptes semiauratus +
+Omalus biaccinctus +
+Omalus aeneus +
+Omalus puncticollis +
+Pseudomalus pusillus +
+Pseudomalus auratus +
+Pseudomalus triangulifer +
+Pseudomalus violaceus +
+Philoctetes truncatus +
+Elampus constrictus +
+Elampus foveatus +
+Elampus panzeri +
+Holopyga fervida +
+Holopyga metallica +
+Holopyga generosa +
+Holopyga inflammata +
+Hedychrum gerstaeckeri +
+Hedychrum rutilans +
+Hedychrum nobile +
+Hedychrum niemelai +
+Hedychrum chalybaeum +
+Hedychridium zelleri +
+Hedychridium ardens +
+Hedychridium coriaceum +
+Hedychridium cupreum +
+Hedychridium purpurascens +
+Hedychridium caputaureum +
+Hedychridium roseum +
+Pseudospinolia neglecta +
+Spinolia unicolor +
+Chrysis gracillima +
+Chrysis bicolor +
+Chrysis westerlundi +
+Chrysis illigeri +
+Chrysis succincta +
+Chrysis leachii +
+Chrysis scutellaris +
+Chrysis splendidula +
+Chrysis rutilans +
+Chrysis pulcherrima +
+Chrysis viridula +
+Chrysis graelsii +
+Chrysis indigotea +
+Chrysis fulgida +
+Chrysis iris +
+Chrysis ruddii +
+Chrysis corusca +
+Chrysis clarinicollis +
+Chrysis vanlithi +
+Chrysis subcoriacea +
+Chrysis angustula +
+Chrysis longula +
+Chrysis brevitarsis +
+Chrysis pseudobrevitarsis +
+Chrysis mediata +
+Chrysis solida +
+Chrysis leptomandibularis +
+Chrysis schencki +
+Chrysis ignita +
+Chrysis impressa +
+Chrysis borealis +
+Chrysis terminata +
+Chrysis sexdentata +
+Chrysis equestris +
+Chrysis zetterstedti +
+Trichrysis cyanea +
+Chrysura austriaca +
+Chrysura dichroa +
+Chrysura hirsuta +
+Chrysura radians +
+Chrysura trimaculata +
+Parnopes grandior +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/45/5E/16455EF1EE33BDBAFAC2B6C63D0280C7.xml b/data/16/45/5E/16455EF1EE33BDBAFAC2B6C63D0280C7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4212208f39d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/45/5E/16455EF1EE33BDBAFAC2B6C63D0280C7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Euphorbiaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +446 +458 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Euphorbia exigua +L. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: + +5-20 cm +hoch + +, reich verzweigt, kahl. + +Blaetter +lineal + +, +0,5-3 cm +lang und +1-3 mm +breit, ganzrandig, stumpf oder kurz stachelspitzig. +Gesamtbluetenstand +doldig, mit 3-5 Strahlen, diese mehrmals gabelig verzweigt. + +Tragblaetter +schmal-lanzettlich + +(nur bei dieser Art), nicht verwachsen. + +Druesen +des +Huellbechers +gelb, mit 2 +fadenfoermigen +Anhaengseln + +. Frucht glatt, +2-2,5 mm +lang. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 5-10 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: +Aecker +, +Wegraender +, Bahnareale / kollin-montan / J, M, vereinzelt A + + + + +Verbreitung global: +Urspruenglich +mediterran-westasiatisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +trocken +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rbasisch (pH 6.5->8.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Kleine Wolfsmilch +Nom +francais +: +Euphorbe fluette +Nome italiano: +Euforbia sottile + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/45/60/16456041FFCAFFFCD9FDD1FF321CFB0D.xml b/data/16/45/60/16456041FFCAFFFCD9FDD1FF321CFB0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e0439dec40 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/45/60/16456041FFCAFFFCD9FDD1FF321CFB0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Codonaceae-a newly required family name in Boraginales + + + +Author + +Weigend, Maximilian + + + +Author + +Hilger, Hartmut H. + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2010 + +2010-10-28 + + +10 + + +26 +30 + + + +journal article +6067 +10.11646/phytotaxa.10.1.3 +b4a578a3-1ef7-4548-8358-523d25a280e7 +1179-3163 +4967308 + + + + + + +Codonaceae (Retief & A.E.van Wyk) Weigend & Hilger +, +fam. & stat. nov. + + + + + + +Basionym: +Boraginaceae +subfam. +Codonoideae Retief & A.E.van Wyk (2005: 79) +. — +Type +: + +Codon + +L., generic +type +species: + +Codon royenii +( +Linnaeus 1767: 292 +) + +. + + +Subperennial or perennial, densely branched, spiny shrublets. Strong taproot present. Stems terete, erect. Indumentum of white spines consisting of 3–12 cystolithic foot cells, stiff, unicellular trichomes and 2–5- celled, uniseriate, gland-tipped trichomes. Leaves alternate, estipulate, entire, petiolate, petioles stiffly curved towards shoot apex and lamina held +/- parallel to shoot axis, lamina (narrowly) ovate with acuminate apex and rounded base, margin entire to coarsely serrate, adaxially densely spiny, abaxially with spines only on the very prominent midvein, venation pinnate with lateral veins ascending. Inflorescence frondose-bracteose, initially scorpioid, later straight monochasia, rarely reduced to a single terminal flower. Flowers erect, with 10–20 perianth elements, actinomorphic, bisexual, hypogynous. Calyx divided nearly to base, calyx lobes unequal in width, narrow and wide calyx lobes alternating, densely spinose and pubescent. Corolla white or yellow, sympetalous, campanulate to saucer-shaped, lobes half-erect to spreading, oblong with rounded apex, inside with 6–10 flap-like protrusions near filament bases. Stamens 6–10, filaments basally pubescent, epipetalous, inserted ca. 1/5 +th +from the base of the tube, incurved and closing the tube near base, then erect, anthers dorsifix, exserted. Ovary bicarpellate, nearly two-locular by deeply intruding placentae, style terminal, divided into two long stigmatic lobes for ca 1/2 of its length. Fruit a dry, bivalved capsule, loculicidal, seeds numerous, ellipsoidal to ovoidal, testa with deeply reticulate epidermis cells. Endosperm copious. + + + + +This new family consist only of the genus + +Codon + +with two species, + +Codon schenckii +Schinz (1884: 173) + +and + +C. royenii +Linnaeus (1767: 292) + +in +Southwest Africa +( +Republic of South Africa +and +Namibia +). + +Codon royenii + +has been typified by + +Jarvis +et al. +(1993) + +, but for + +Codon schenckii + +several +syntypes +are available ( +Friedrich-Holzhammer 1967b +). A recent, critical revision of the genus is not available, only the cursory treatment in +Friedrich-Holzhammer (1967b) +for +Namibia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/46/24/164624CCDD7159FE766818AA7ACE4415.xml b/data/16/46/24/164624CCDD7159FE766818AA7ACE4415.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a84b0938e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/46/24/164624CCDD7159FE766818AA7ACE4415.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Demopheles corruptor (Taschenberg, 1865) + + + + +Phygadeuon corruptor +Taschenberg, 1865 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Ireland + + +Notes + +Phygadeuon caliginosus +Grav. is listed as a synonym of +D. corruptor +by +Fitton (1978) +but is now treated as a synonym of +Phygadeuon ovatus +Grav. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/46/3B/16463B7C61D56E02F7607D10ACBB4188.xml b/data/16/46/3B/16463B7C61D56E02F7607D10ACBB4188.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d098fa8e75d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/46/3B/16463B7C61D56E02F7607D10ACBB4188.xml @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + +A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae) + + + +Author + +Mathis, Wayne N. + + + +Author + +Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +363 + + +1 +161 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482 +1313-2970-363-1 +780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E +780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E + + + + +18. +Hydrochasma miguelito +sp. n. +Figs 101-105 + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.60-2.05 mm. +Head +: Not subglobose or broad, oral opening small. At least pedicel black, otherwise antennal coloration variable; parafacial silvery white, concolorous with facial coloration; gena-to-eye ratio 017-0.18. Thorax: Mesonotum grayish tan to golden brown. Wing with costal vein ratio 0.66-0.68; M vein ratio 0.51-0.54. Forecoxa mostly silvery gray to gray with some yellowish coloration at ventral apex; forefemur lacking a distinctive, comb-like row of stout setulae along anteroventral surface; tibiae mostly gray; hindtibia lacking a long, spur-like seta ventroapically. Abdomen: Tergites 3-4 with deep, gray to silvery gray wedges at lateral margins; tergite 5 of male mostly to entirely gray, sometimes with posterior margin darkened. Male terminalia (Figs 101-104): Combined structures generally moderately elongate, in posterior view height about twice width; epandrium with dorsal arch narrowly connected above cerci; dorsal half more or less generally sparsely setulose, ventral half with sparse, very short setulae; in posterior view (Fig. 101) as an inverted, angulate, moderately narrow U, ventral epandrial extension narrowed to just before greatly expanded, apical third, apical portion broad as an arrow point with broad, medial incision apically, in lateral view (Fig. 102) narrowly elongate, parallel-sided except for extended base of arrow point; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 104) elongate, about 5 +x +longer than greatest width, tubular, becoming wider and more membranous apically, in ventral view (Fig. 103) with basal 2/3 narrow, parallel sided, apical third abruptly enlarged, bulbous, slightly tapered apically; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 104) narrowly elongate, almost parallel sided, hypandrial end slightly expanded, in ventral view (Fig. 103) narrowly I-shaped with expanded end toward aedeagus and with subapical, short crossbar at hypandrial end; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 104) narrowly elongate, very shallowly sinuous, bar-like, in ventral view (Fig. 103) more conspicuously sinuous; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 104) narrowly elongate, shallowly curved, in ventral view (Fig. 103) with anterior 2/3 somewhat quadrate, anterior margin broadly truncate, posterior margin deeply, widely emarginate with short, lateral apices. + + + +Figures 101-104. +Hydrochasma miguelito +sp. n. (Honduras. +Cortes +: San Pedro Sula) 101 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 102 same, lateral view 103 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 104 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Type material. + +The holotype male of +Hydrochasma miguelito +is labeled "HONDURAS. +Cortes +: San Pedro Sula (8 km S)[,] +15°25.7'N +, +88°01.4'W +[,] 25-26 September1995[,] Dianne & W.N.Mathis/USNM ENT 00138962 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂ +Hydrochasma miguelito +Mathis & Zatwarnicki, USNM [red]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Seven paratypes (3♂, 4♀; USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype. + + + +Type locality. + +Honduras. +Cortes +: San Pedro Sula (8 km S; +15°25.7'N +, +88°01.4'W +). + + + +Other specimens examined. + +Neotropical. COSTA RICA. Guanacaste: Nandayure, +Rio +Morote, Finca Palmichal ( +10°03'N +, +85°12'W +; 0-50 m), 26 Mar 2006, W. Porras (1♂; INBio). Puntarenas: Bosque Esquinas ( +08°44'N +, +83°17'W +; 200 m), May 1994, M. Segura (1♂; INBio); +Jaco +(5 km E; +9°34.7'N +, +84°35.6'W +), 10 Jun 2003, D. and W. N. Mathis (4♂; USNM). + + + +Distribution + +(Fig. 105). Neotropical: Costa Rica (Guanacaste, Puntarenas), Honduras ( +Cortes +). + + + +Figure 105. Distribution of +Hydrochasma miguelito +sp. n. and +Hydrochasma parallelum +sp. n. + + + + +Etymology. + +The species epithet, miguelito, is to recognize Michael W. Mathis who is also known as "Don Miguel" or +"Miguelito." +Michael guided us while conducting field work in Honduras where this species was collected. We are treating miguelito as a noun in apposition. + + + +Remarks. +Structures of the male terminalia readily distinguish this species from congeners, especially those of the incisum group. Certainly unique to this species is the greatly expanded apical portion of the ventral, epandrial process, which is like a broad arrowhead. The expanded, ventral, epandrial process can be seen in ventral and somewhat in lateral views. The rectangular hypandrium that has a moderately deep and wide posterior emargination is also characteristic. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/46/47/16464765E706FFDCFDC60B45C2975543.xml b/data/16/46/47/16464765E706FFDCFDC60B45C2975543.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1cd3e338b59 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/46/47/16464765E706FFDCFDC60B45C2975543.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1195 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomy identifies two new tardigrade species (Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae) from Greenland + + + +Author + +Stec, Daniel + + + +Author + +Tumanov, Denis V. + + + +Author + +Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2020 + +614 + + +1 +40 + + + +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2020.614 +4c5d200d-4c5f-4fc0-aa9c-0d16a11c4c18 +3710893 +8F2CC4F8-D4F8-4870-A0C7-3D8D78F2D5EC + + + + + + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +99D6163D-E8E6-4223-B975-F68AA2268304 + + + + + +Figs 10–19 + + + + +Fig. 11. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Body granulation seen in PCM (paratypes). +A–B +. Uniformly distributed granulation on the dorso-cephalic and dorso-caudal part of the body. +C–D +. Uniformly distributed granulation on the dorso-cephalic and dorso-caudal part of the body with small, random patches of lacking granulation. +E–F +. Uniformly distributed granulation on the ventral side of the body without and with small random patches lacking granulation, respectively. A–B, E and C–D, F are from two different paratypes. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Fig. 12. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Patches of dense granulation on legs seen in PCM (paratypes). +A +. External granulation on leg III (patch of dense granulation encircled). +B +. Internal granulation on leg III. +C +. Granulation on leg IV. Scale bars in μm. + + + + + +Etymology + + + +We take great pleasure in dedicating this new species to the friend of the first and third authors. Zandra Maria Skandrup Sigvardt, who recently completed her PhD studies working on crustaceans (Section of Biosystematics) at the Natural History Museum of +Denmark +in Copenhagen. + + + + + +Material examined + + + +62 animals (including 18 simplex) and +171 eggs +. Specimens mounted on microscope slides in Hoyer’s medium (49 animals + +161 eggs +), fixed on SEM stubs (including two extracted buccal apparatuses) (10 +10), and processed for DNA sequencing (3 +0). + + + +Holotype + + + + +GREENLAND +• +Disko Island +, +Østerlien +; +69°15′17″ N +, +53°30′46″ W +; + +30 m +a.s.l. + +; +sample of moss collected from the rock in arctic tundra +; +IZiBB +, slide +GL.011.17 +. + + + + +Fig. 13. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Patches of dense granulation on legs seen in SEM (paratypes). +A +. External granulation on leg II (patch of dense granulation encircled). +B +. Internal granulation on leg III. +C +. Granulation on leg IV. +D +. Granulation on legs IV and uniformly distributed body granulation on the dorso-caudal region. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Paratypes + + + + +GREENLAND +• +58 paratypes +; same collection data as for holotype; +IZiBB +, slides GL.011.08 to 011.09, 011.16 to 011.19, 011.22 to 011.23, 011.27 to 011.28, SEM stubs GL.012.06 to 012.07, 012.13 + +• + +171 eggs +; same collection data as for holotype; +IZiBB +, slides GL.011.10 to 011.15, 011.20 to 011.21, 011.24 to 011.26, 011.29, SEM stub GL.12.13 + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Animals +(measurements and statistics in +Table 4 +) + + +Body transparent in juveniles and whitish in adults, after fixation in Hoyer’s medium transparent ( +Fig. 10 +). Eyes present in specimens mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Body cuticle without pores but covered with fine granulation including ventral side of the body and all legs ( +Figs 11–13 +). Granulation is distributed uniformly on the body ( +Fig. 11 +A–B, E) but sometimes, especially in larger specimens, random patches without granulation are present on the body cuticle ( +Fig. 11 +C–D, F). Patches of dense granulation composed of cushions with aggregated granules present on all legs ( +Figs 12–13 +). A patch of clearly visible granulation, is present on the external surface of legs I–III just below the claws ( +Figs 12A +, +13A +). A pulvinus is absent on the internal surface of legs I–III, whereas a patch of dense granulation is present and wider than the patch on the external leg surface ( +Figs 12B +, +13B +). A patch of dense granulation on legs IV is always visible and covers the dorsal and the lateral sides of hind legs ( +Figs 12C +, +13 +C–D). Claws slender, of the + +Tenuibiotus + +type +( +Fig. 14 +). Primary branches with distinct accessory points, a long common tract, and with an evident stalk connecting the claw to the very wide lunula ( +Fig. 14 +). Lunulae I–III smooth ( +Fig. 14A, C +), whereas lunulae IV exhibit clear dentation ( +Fig. 14B, D +). The horseshoe structure connecting the anterior and the posterior claw is present and is visible only in PCM ( +Fig. 14B +). + + + +Fig. 14. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Claws (paratypes). +A–B +. Claws II and IV seen in PCM, respectively. +C–D +. Claws I and IV seen in SEM, respectively. Filled indented arrowhead indicates horseshoe structure connecting the anterior and the posterior claw. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Table 4. +Measurements (in μm) and +pt +values of selected morphological structures of the holotype and paratypes of + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +mounted in Hoyer’s medium. (N: number of specimens/ structures measured; RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD: standard deviation). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+CHARACTER + +N + +RANGE +µm +pt + +MEAN +µm +pt + +SD +µm +pt + +Holotype +µm +pt +
Body length22259–824 +830–1499 +573 +1193 +172 +181 +768 +1383 +
Buccal tube
Length2231.2–58.147.0 +– +8.4 +– +55.5 +– +
Stylet support insertion point2222.7–41.5 +71.2–73.3 +34.0 +72.3 +6.0 +0.7 +40.0 +72.1 +
External width223.3–7.7 +10.3–14.3 +5.9 +12.4 +1.4 +1.0 +7.4 +13.3 +
Internal width221.8–5.2 +4.9–9.9 +3.6 +7.4 +1.1 +1.3 +4.6 +8.3 +
Ventral lamina length2117.7–32.6 +54.1–58.9 +26.4 +56.4 +4.7 +1.6 +30.0 +54.1 +
Placoid lengths
Macroplacoid 1226.6–16.6 +18.7–30.9 +12.2 +25.4 +3.4 +3.2 +15.2 +27.4 +
Macroplacoid 2223.7–9.1 +11.7–16.4 +6.4 +13.5 +1.8 +1.5 +8.2 +14.8 +
Microplacoid221.4–4.1 +4.1–7.4 +2.7 +5.7 +0.8 +0.9 +3.5 +6.3 +
Macroplacoid row2211.7–26.8 +33.9–49.9 +20.3 +42.5 +5.3 +4.3 +25.6 +46.1 +
Placoid row2214.0–31.5 +40.5–57.4 +23.9 +50.1 +6.2 +4.8 +30.1 +54.2 +
Claw 1 heights
External primary branch179.1–18.4 +26.2–33.7 +14.0 +30.2 +3.3 +2.5 +18.2 +32.8 +
External secondary branch96.3–13.7 +18.9–25.8 +10.5 +22.6 +2.9 +2.2 +12.8 +23.1 +
Internal primary branch199.1–18.6 +24.2–33.4 +13.7 +29.5 +3.4 +2.7 +18.0 +32.4 +
Internal secondary branch166.1–13.4 +18.4–25.2 +10.3 +22.1 +2.6 +1.8 +12.6 +22.7 +
Claw 2 heights
External primary branch199.1–19.0 +28.3–35.4 +14.8 +31.8 +3.5 +2.3 +18.8 +33.9 +
External secondary branch116.4–14.8 +20.3–27.6 +11.2 +23.8 +3.2 +2.3 +13.9 +25.0 +
Internal primary branch199.1–18.6 +27.8–34.8 +14.8 +31.4 +3.2 +2.2 +17.7 +31.9 +
Internal secondary branch176.9–13.9 +19.2–26.0 +10.8 +22.9 +2.5 +1.7 +13.0 +23.4 +
Claw 3 heights
External primary branch199.2–19.6 +28.4–36.9 +15.2 +32.7 +3.7 +2.7 +18.9 +34.1 +
External secondary branch137.0–15.1 +22.0–27.1 +11.9 +24.8 +2.9 +1.7 +14.4 +25.9 +
Internal primary branch199.0–20.0 +26.3–36.2 +14.7 +31.5 +3.7 +2.8 +18.5 +33.3 +
Internal secondary branch176.2– 15.9 +18.0–28.5 +10.8 +23.1 +3.0 +2.6 +14.2 +25.6 +
Claw 4 heights
Anterior primary branch1810.3–22.5 +31.3–40.4 +17.1 +36.0 +3.7 +2.8 +21.6 +38.9 +
Anterior secondary branch157.2–15.8 +21.7–29.4 +12.4 +25.8 +2.6 +2.1 +14.7 +26.5 +
Posterior primary branch1910.6–23.2 +33.3–41.7 +17.3 +37.8 +4.1 +2.8 +22.8 +41.1 +
Posterior secondary branch187.1–17.0 +22.5–30.5 +12.4 +26.8 +3.0 +2.2 +15.928.6
+ + +Mouth antero-ventral, followed by ten peribuccal lamellae ( +Figs 15A +, +16 +). Bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the + +Macrobiotus + +type +( +Figs 15A +, +17A +). Under LCM, only the second and third bands of teeth visible, with the second band being faintly marked ( +Fig. 15 +B–C). However, in SEM all three bands of teeth are visible, with the first band being situated at the base of peribuccal lamellae and composed of 1–2 rows of small, cone-shaped teeth arranged around the oral cavity ( +Figs 16 +, +17B +). The second band of teeth is situated between the ring fold and the third band of teeth and comprises 3–6 rows of small, cone-shaped teeth ( +Figs 15 +B–C, 16). The teeth of the third band are located within the posterior portion of the oral cavity, between the second band of teeth and the buccal tube opening ( +Figs 15 +B–C,16). The third band of teeth is discontinuous and divided into dorsal and ventral portions. Under LCM, the dorsal teeth are seen as three distinct transversal ridges of which the median tooth is triangular and is wedged between the lateral teeth ( +Fig. 15B +). The ventral teeth under LCM appear as three to four separate roundish teeth, largest than those of the second band ( +Fig. 15C +), only sometimes they can be seen as one faintly marked, elongated tooth. In SEM, both dorsal and ventral teeth are also clearly distinct ( +Fig. 16 +). Under SEM, the medio-dorsal tooth is the largest within the third band and is positioned anteriorly with respect to the lateral teeth ( +Fig. 16A +), whereas the ventral portion consist of cone-shaped teeth of which the lateral ones are larger than the medial ones ( +Fig. 16B +). Pharyngeal bulb spherical, with triangular apophyses, two rod-shaped macroplacoids and a small triangular microplacoid ( +Fig. 15A +, D–E). The macroplacoid length sequence is 2<1. The first macroplacoid exhibits central constriction whereas the second macroplacoid is sub-terminally constricted ( +Figs 15 +D–E, 17C). + + + +Fig. 15. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Buccal apparatus and the oral cavity armature seen in LCM. +A +. Dorso-ventral projection of the entire buccal apparatus (holotype, +IZiBB +, slide GL.011.17, PCM). +B–C +. Oral cavity armature seen in NCM, dorsal (B, paratype) and ventral (C, holotype) view, respectively. +D–E +. Placoid morphology seen in NCM, dorsal (D) and ventral (E) view, respectively (both holotype). Filled flat arrowheads indicate faintly visible second band of teeth in the oral cavity, empty flat arrowheads indicate the third band of teeth in the oral cavity, empty indented arrowheads indicate central constrictions in the first macroplacoids and the subterminal constriction in the second macroplacoid. Scale bars in μm. + + + +Eggs +(measurements and statistics in +Table 5 +) + + +Laid freely, whitish, spherical or ovoid ( +Figs 18 +A–B, 19A). The surface between processes is smooth, with thickenings/striae often radiating from the processes bases ( +Figs 18 +B–D, 19B–C, E–F). Under PCM, these thickenings together with labyrinthine layer within chorion are visible as dark dots and lines on the surface between processes, whereas under SEM they are smooth striae coming out of the process bases ( +Figs 18 +B–D and 19B–C, E–F, respectively). Under SEM, the surface between processes and between the peribasal striae is covered with micropores ( +Fig. 19 +E–F). Processes are of conical shape, with elongated apices which are sometimes bi- or trifurcated ( +Figs 18 +E–H, 19A–D). The labyrinthine layer between the process walls is clearly visible under LCM as a reticular pattern with sinuous margins ( +Fig. 18 +C–D). The elongated meshes decrease in size from the base to the top of the processes ( +Fig. 18 +C–D). Under SEM, the surface of the processes is covered with small tubercles, whereas the surface of the elongated apices is smooth ( +Fig. 18 +B–E). + + + +Fig. 16. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +The oral cavity armature seen in SEM (paratype). The oral cavity armature of a single paratype seen in SEM from different angles, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view, respectively. Filled indented arrowheads indicate the first band of teeth in the oral cavity, filled flat arrowheads indicate the second band of teeth in the oral cavity, whereas empty flat arrowheads indicate the third band of teeth in the oral cavity. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Fig. 17. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Buccal apparatus seen in SEM (paratype). +A +. Entire buccal apparatus. +B +. Lateral view of the buccal crown. +C +. Placoids. Filled indented arrowhead indicate the first band of teeth in the oral cavity, empty indented arrowheads indicate the central constriction in the first macroplacoids and the subterminal constriction in the second macroplacoid. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Fig. 18. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Egg chorion morphology seen in PCM. +A +. Midsection under 400× magnification. +B +. Surface under 400× magnification. +C–D +. Surface between processes under 1000× magnification. +E–H +. Midsections of processes of four different eggs under 1000× magnification. Filled flat arrowheads indicate thickenings/striae which are visible as dark dots and lines on the surface between processes. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Fig. 19. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Egg chorion morphology seen in SEM. +A +. Entire egg. +B +. Magnification of the egg surface. +C–F +. Details of the egg processes and surface between them. Filled flat arrowheads indicate thickenings/striae on the surface between processes and filled indented arrowheads indicate small tubercles on the process walls. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Table 5. +Measurements (in μm) of selected morphological structures of the eggs of + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N: number of eggs/structures measured; RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD: standard deviation). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+CHARACTER + +N + +RANGE + +MEAN + +SD +
Egg bare diameter3090,9–125,0108,38,5
Egg full diameter30136,0–182,3161,811,4
Process height9016,8–38,928,33,9
Process base width9013,6–29,621,32,7
Process base/height ratio9047–96%76%9%
Inter-process distance901,3–4,62,60,7
Number of processes on the egg circumference3013–1514,20,7
+ + +Reproduction + +The examination of specimens freshly mounted in Hoyer’s medium did not revealed any spermathecae or testes filled with spermatozoa. Also, male secondary sexual dimorphism traits such as lateral gibbosities on legs IV were absent. Thus, reproductive mode could not be unambiguously determined. + +DNA sequences + +We obtained sequences of good quality for all four of the above-mentioned DNA markers. Sequences of each marker were represented by single haplotypes: + +18S rRNA sequence (GenBank: +MN443040 +), 1035 bp long; + + +28S rRNA sequence (GenBank: +MN443035 +), 780 bp long; + + +ITS-2 sequence (GenBank: +MN443038 +), 439 bp long; + + +COI sequence (GenBank: +MN444827 +), 658 bp long. + + + +Morphological observations of comparative material + + + + +Amended description of + +Tenuibiotus voronkovi + + + + +The examination of the +holotype +and +paratype +of + +T. voronkovi + +under LCM revealed the presence of granulation on the body cuticle. Faint granulation with small and uniformly sized granules is regularly arranged and covers the dorso-medial region of the body, from its cephalic to the caudal end ( +Fig. 20A +). On the dorso-lateral surface of the body, granulation is unevenly distributed and resembles patches of granules, within which granule size gradually increases in the dorsal to lateral direction ( +Fig. 20B +). The granulation is absent or not visible in LCM on the ventral side of the body. Similarly, the granulation is absent on the legs except a typical dense granulation patch on the external and internal surface of the legs near the claws. However, note that this observation was made on two different specimens (not very well oriented/positioned and stretched on the slide) thus, the certain distribution pattern of body granulation requires a further examination when a new population of + +T. voronkovi + +becomes available. As in the original description, the eggs of + +T. voronkovi + +have small conical processes with elongated and flexible apices which are often folded and not clearly visible or even broken. ( +Figs 21A +, C–J, 22). The process walls are smooth, without any obvious thickenings or tubercles ( +Fig. 22 +) but with obvious annulation and with the labyrinthine layer within process walls, visible under LCM as roundish polygonal reticulation ( +Fig. 21C +, E–F), on one egg being abnormally developed and visible more like pores than true reticulation ( +Fig. 21D +). Under SEM, the surface between processes is covered with short irregular striae/ridges/wrinkles which often radiate from the process bases, with small micropores randomly scattered in between them ( +Fig. 22 +). However, under PCM the surface is visible as being covered with dark dots which are probably the thickenings of the labyrinthine layer within the chorion ( +Fig. 21B +). + + +The morphological analysis conducted on two populations designated as “ + +T. voronkovi + +” by + +Zawierucha +et al. +(2016a) + +, from Edgeøya and Nordaustlandet (islands within the +Svalbard +archipelago, +Norway +), showed distinct differences in cuticle morphology in comparison to the + +T. voronkovi + +type +series. Specifically, animals of the Edgeøya population exhibit faint, dense and uniformly distributed granulation on the whole dorso-lateral cuticle from its cephalic to the caudal end (excluding ventral and leg cuticle) ( +Fig. 23A +), whereas this granulation is absent or not visible under LCM in animals of the Nordaustlandet population. The morphology of egg processes in both these populations is very similar: specifically, processes are of a conical shape with elongated apices, with the labyrinthine layer between the process walls clearly visible under LCM as a reticular pattern with sinuous margins and elongated meshes decreasing in size from the base to the processes top in most cases ( +Figs 23 +B–D, 24). Other traits are as described by Zawierucha +et. al. +(2016a) however, it should be noted that as for the similarly to + +T. voronkovi + +, no more conclusions can be made based on this material due to the bad condition of the slides, with bubbles of air and crystalized Hoyer which prevent further investigation and limit the number of specimens suitable for imaging. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/46/47/16464765E70BFFCBFDCC0CC7C3DF5735.xml b/data/16/46/47/16464765E70BFFCBFDCC0CC7C3DF5735.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ff1e59c5c4b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/46/47/16464765E70BFFCBFDCC0CC7C3DF5735.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1273 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomy identifies two new tardigrade species (Eutardigrada: Macrobiotidae) from Greenland + + + +Author + +Stec, Daniel + + + +Author + +Tumanov, Denis V. + + + +Author + +Kristensen, Reinhardt Møbjerg + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2020 + +614 + + +1 +40 + + + +journal article +10.5852/ejt.2020.614 +4c5d200d-4c5f-4fc0-aa9c-0d16a11c4c18 +3710893 +8F2CC4F8-D4F8-4870-A0C7-3D8D78F2D5EC + + + + + + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +C592B357-37F6-4C92-B16A-C28EDB17A231 + + + + + +Figs 1–9 + + + + + +Etymology + + + +We take great pleasure in dedicating this new species to the friend of the third author, Lars Engberg Hansen, who is a teacher emeritus from Qeqertarsuaq and Alluitsup Paa in +Greenland +and is always happy to help with collecting samples of mosses and lichens for us. + + + + +Fig. 1. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Habitus. +A +. Dorso-ventral projection (holotype, +IZiBB +, slide GL.052.22, Hoyer’s medium, PCM). +B–C +. Cuticular pores on the dorso-cephalic and dorso-caudal part of the body seen in PCM, respectively. Arrowheads indicate small oval pores. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Table 1. +Primers and references for PCR protocols for amplification of the four DNA fragments sequenced in this study. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+DNA Primer fragment name + +Primer direction + +Primer sequence (5 +′ +-3 +′ +) + +Primer source + +PCR programme +
18S_Tar_1Ff 18S rRNA 18S_Tar_1Rrforward reverseAGGCGAAACCGCGAATGGCTC GCCGCAGGCTCCACTCCTGG + +Stec +et al +. (2017a) + + +Zeller (2010) +
28S_Eutar_F 28S rRNA 28SR0990forward reverseACCCGCTGAACTTAAGCATAT CCTTGGTCCGTGTTTCAAGAC + +Gąsiorek +et al +. (2018) + +, + +Mironov +et al +. (2012) + + + +Mironov +et al +. (2012) + +
ITS-2Eutar_Ff Eutar_Rrforward reverseCGTAACGTGAATTGCAGGAC TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC + +Stec +et al +. (2018a) + + + +Stec +et al +. (2018a) + +
COILCO1490 HCO2198forward reverseGGTCAACAAATCATAAAGATATTGG TAAACTTCAGGGTGACCAAAAAATCA + +Folmer +et al +. (1994) + + + +Michalczyk +et al +. (2012) + +
+ + + + +Material examined + + + +112 animals (including 9 simplex) and +108 eggs +. Specimens mounted on microscope slides in Hoyer’s medium (98 animals + +103 eggs +), fixed on SEM stubs (10+ 5) and processed for DNA sequencing (4+ 0). + + + +Holotype + + + + +GREENLAND +• +♀ +; +Alluitsup Paa +; +60°28′1.5″N +, +45°34′27.8″W +; + +25 m +a.s.l. + +; +mixed sample of moss and lichen collected from rock in arctic tundra +; +IZiBB +, slide +GL.052.22 +. + + + + +Paratypes + + + + +GREENLAND +• +107 paratypes +; same collection data as for holotype; +IZiBB +, slides GL.052.17 to 052.24, SEM stub 17.08 + +• + +108 eggs +; same collection data as for holotype; +IZiBB +, slides GL.052.09 to 052.16, SEM stub 17.08 + +. + + + + +Fig. 2. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Cuticular pores (paratype). +A–B +. Cuticular pores on the dorsocephalic and dorso-caudal part of the body seen in SEM, respectively. Arrowheads indicate small oval pores Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Fig. 3. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Cuticular structures on legs (paratypes). +A–B +. External granulation on leg III and II seen in PCM (A) and SEM (B), respectively. +C–D +. A cuticular bulge (pulvinus) and a faint cuticular fold, covered by granulation, on the internal surface of legs III seen in PCM (C) and SEM (D), respectively. +E–F +. Granulation on leg IV seen in PCM (E) and SEM (F). Filled flat arrowheads indicate the cuticular bulge, empty flat arrowheads indicate the faint cuticular fold under the claws whereas filled indented arrowhead indicate double muscle attachments under claws. Scale bars in μm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Animals +(measurements and statistics in +Table 2 +) + + +Body transparent in juveniles and whitish in adults, after fixation in Hoyer’s medium transparent ( +Fig. 1A +). Eyes present, visible also in specimens mounted in Hoyer’s medium. Cuticle porous with two +types +of pores: large (up to 5.0 μm in diameter) lenticular pores of shape resembling paper wrapped candy, with transversal wrinkles in extremities distributed randomly on entire body cuticle and being the biggest on anterior and posterior dorsal region ( +Figs 1 +B–C, 2); and small round cuticular pores (0.3–0.7 μm in diameter) scattered in between lenticular pores ( +Figs 1C +, +2B +). Patches of granulation on all legs present ( +Fig. 3 +). A patch of clearly visible granulation is present on the external surface of legs I–III ( +Fig. 3 +A– B). A pulvinus present on internal surface of legs I–III, together with a faint cuticular fold covered with faint granulation and paired muscles attachments which are present just below claws ( +Fig. 3 +C–D). Both structures are visible only if the legs are fully extended and well oriented on slide. Granulation on legs IV always visible and consists of a single large granulation patch on each leg ( +Fig. 3 +E–F). + + + +Fig. 4. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Claws (paratypes). +A–B +. Claws III and IV seen in PCM, respectively. +C–D +. Claws III and IV seen in SEM, respectively. Filled flat arrowheads indicate double muscles attachments under the claws, empty flat arrowhead indicates inverted horseshoe structure under the external and the internal claw, whereas filled indented arrowhead indicates horseshoe structure connecting the anterior and the posterior claw. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Table 2. +Measurements (in μm) and +pt +values of selected morphological structures of the holotype and paratypes of + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +mounted in Hoyer’s medium. (N: number of specimens/ structures measured, RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD: standard deviation). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Character + +N + +Range +µm +pt + +Mean +µm +pt + +SD +µm +pt + +Holotype +µm +pt +
Body length30299–648 +861–1380 +517 +1160 +86 +121 +521 +1089 +
Buccal tube
Length3032.1–49.9 +– +44.3 +– +4.3 +– +47.8 +– +
Stylet support insertion point3024.9–39.7 +77.0–79.9 +34.7 +78.3 +3.6 +0.9 +37.5 +78.5 +
External width303.5–7.7 +10.9–16.0 +6.0 +13.4 +1.0 +1.2 +6.4 +13.4 +
Internal width302.2–5.6 +6.9–11.6 +3.9 +8.8 +0.8 +1.1 +4.3 +9.0 +
Ventral lamina length2918.3–32.0 +54.2–66.4 +27.0 +61.1 +3.1 +2.7 +29.1 +60.9 +
Placoid lengths
Macroplacoid 1307.2–15.2 +22.4–31.5 +12.0 +27.0 +1.9 +2.2 +14.0 +29.3 +
Macroplacoid 2304.0–9.5 +12.5–19.6 +7.2 +16.2 +1.2 +1.4 +8.1 +16.9 +
Microplacoid301.8–4.3 +5.6–8.9 +3.2 +7.1 +0.6 +0.8 +4.0 +8.4 +
Macroplacoid row3012.1–25.0 +37.7–51.6 +20.5 +46.0 +3.1 +3.2 +23.0 +48.1 +
Placoid row3015.6–29.8 +48.6–61.4 +24.5 +55.2 +3.5 +3.2 +28.2 +59.0 +
Claw 1 heights
External primary branch277.7–15.5 +22.7–31.1 +12.1 +27.0 +1.7 +2.0 +12.8 +26.8 +
External secondary branch225.9–12.4 +17.2–24.9 +9.2 +20.7 +1.4 +1.8 +10.1 +21.1 +
Internal primary branch297.2–14.7 +22.2–29.6 +11.5 +25.6 +1.7 +2.2 +12.2 +25.5 +
Internal secondary branch235.8–11.9 +16.9–23.9 +8.9 +19.8 +1.4 +2.0 +9.6 +20.1 +
Claw 2 heights
External primary branch268.1–17.0 +23.0–34.1 +12.6 +28.3 +2.1 +2.5 +13.3 +27.8 +
External secondary branch236.3–13.2 +17.2–26.5 +9.5 +21.5 +1.5 +1.9 +10.4 +21.8 +
Internal primary branch287.6–16.0 +21.1–32.1 +12.0 +27.0 +2.0 +2.5 +12.6 +26.4 +
Internal secondary branch226.3–12.1 +16.6–24.6 +9.4 +20.9 +1.5 +2.2 +9.4 +19.7 +
Claw 3 heights
External primary branch298.0–15.4 +23.3–32.2 +12.6 +28.4 +1.9 +2.3 +13.4 +28.0 +
External secondary branch246.3–11.8 +18.5–24.3 +9.6 +21.8 +1.3 +1.6 +10.4 +21.8 +
Internal primary branch297.5–14.8 +21.6–30.6 +12.0 +27.1 +1.9 +2.3 +13.0 +27.2 +
Internal secondary branch206.0–11.6 +17.3–24.0 +9.2 +20.8 +1.4 +1.7 +10.2 +21.3 +
Claw 4 heights
Anterior primary branch258.8–18.4 +27.4–36.9 +14.6 +32.7 +2.1 +2.5 +15.6 +32.6 +
Anterior secondary branch186.8–13.2 +19.6–27.0 +10.6 +24.1 +1.6 +1.8 +11.3 +23.6 +
Posterior primary branch239.5–18.5 +29.6–38.2 +15.1 +34.0 +2.0 +2.2 +15.8 +33.1 +
Posterior secondary branch187.2–12.8 +21.0–29.5 +11.1 +25.5 +1.6 +2.0 +??
+ + +Claws stout, of the + +hufelandi + +type +( +Fig. 4 +). Primary branches with distinct accessory points, a common tract and with an evident stalk connecting the claw to the lunula ( +Fig. 4 +). Lunulae on all legs smooth ( +Fig. 4 +). Cuticular bars under claws are absent. Double muscle attachments are faintly marked under LCM but clearly visible under SEM ( +Fig. 4A, C +). The horseshoe structure connecting the anterior and the posterior claw is present and is visible only in PCM ( +Fig. 4B +) and sometimes also on legs I–III, but in this case inverted and not connecting the external and the internal claw ( +Fig. 4A +). + + +Mouth antero-ventral, followed by ten peribuccal lamellae and a circular sensory lobe, surrounded by the ring of large pores ( +Figs 2A +, +5A +, +6 +). Bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the + +Macrobiotus + +type +( +Fig. 5A +). Under LCM, the oral cavity armature is of the +patagonicus +type +, i.e., with only the 2 +nd +and 3 +rd +bands of teeth visible ( +Fig. 5 +B–C). However, in SEM all three bands of teeth are visible, with the first band situated at the base of peribuccal lamellae and composed of a 1–2 rows of small, cone-shaped teeth arranged around the oral cavity ( +Fig. 6 +). The second band of teeth is situated between the ring fold and the third band of teeth, and comprises 3–6 rows of small cone-shaped teeth ( +Figs 5 +B–C, 6). The teeth of the third band are located within the posterior portion of the oral cavity, between the second band of teeth and the buccal tube opening ( +Figs 5 +B–C, 6). The third band of teeth is discontinuous and divided into dorsal and ventral portions. Under LCM, the dorsal teeth are seen as three distinct transversal ridges, whereas the ventral teeth appear as two separate lateral transverse ridges and a median roundish tooth ( +Fig. 5 +B–C). In SEM, both dorsal and ventral teeth are also clearly distinct ( +Fig. 6 +). Under SEM, the margins of the dorsal teeth slightly serrated ( +Fig. 6A +). Pharyngeal bulb spherical, with triangular apophyses, two rod-shaped macroplacoids and a small, triangular microplacoid ( +Fig. 5A +, D–E). The macroplacoid length sequence 2<1. The first macroplacoid has a central constriction, whereas the second macroplacoid is sub-terminally constricted ( +Fig. 5 +D–E). + + + +Fig. 5. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Buccal apparatus and the oral cavity armature seen in PCM (holotype, +IZiBB +, slide GL.052.22). +A +. Dorso-ventral projection of the entire buccal apparatus. +B–C +. Oral cavity armature visible in dorsal (B) and ventral (C) view, respectively. +D–E +. Placoid morphology visible in dorsal (D) and ventral (E) view, respectively. Filled flat arrowheads indicate the second band of teeth in the oral cavity, empty flat arrowheads indicate the third band of teeth in the oral cavity, empty indented arrowheads indicate central constrictions in the first macroplacoids and subterminal constriction in the second macroplacoids. Scale bars in μm. + + + +Eggs +(measurements and statistics in +Table 3 +) + + +Laid freely, yellowish, spherical ( +Figs 7A +, +8A +). The surface between processes is of the + +persimilis + +type +, i.e., with the continuous smooth chorion, never with pores or reticulum ( +Figs 7 +F–G, 8). Under PCM labyrinthine layer is visible as dark dots/thickenings on the surface between processes, whereas under SEM the surface is smooth ( +Figs 7 +F–G and 8, respectively). Processes are of the inverted goblet shape, with slightly concave trunks and concave terminal discs ( +Figs 7 +B–C, 8A–C). Terminal discs are round with margins ranging from only serrated to clearly indented ( +Figs 7 +D–E, 8). Each terminal disc has a distinct concave central area, which may contain some scattered granulation within, and micro-granulations which are always present on the margins (visible only under SEM; +Fig. 8 +C–D). + + + +Fig. 6. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +The oral cavity armature seen in SEM (paratypes). +A–B +. The oral cavity armature seen in SEM from different angles, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) view, respectively. Filled indented arrowheads indicate the first band of teeth in the oral cavity, filled flat arrowheads indicate the second band of teeth in the oral cavity whereas empty flat arrowheads indicate the third band of teeth in the oral cavity. Scale bars in μm. + + + +Reproduction + + +The new species is dioecious. Spermathecae in females as well as testis in males have been found to be filled with spermatozoa, clearly visible under LCM up to 24 hours after mounting in Hoyer’s medium. The new species exhibits a male secondary sexual dimorphism trait in the form of evident lateral gibbosities on legs IV ( +Fig. 9 +). + + +DNA sequences + +We obtained sequences for all four of the above mentioned DNA markers. Sequences of 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA were represented by single haplotypes, whereas sequences of ITS-2 and COI were represented by two (distance: 0.5%) and three (distance: 1.3–1.8%) haplotypes, respectively: + + +Fig. 7. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Egg chorion morphology seen in PCM. +A +. Midsection under 400× magnification. +B–C +. Midsection under 1000× magnification. +D–E +. Terminal discs under 1000× magnification. +F–G +. Surface under 1000× magnification. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Table 3. +Measurements (in μm) of selected morphological structures of the eggs of + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +mounted in Hoyer’s medium (N: number of eggs/structures measured; RANGE refers to the smallest and the largest structure among all measured specimens; SD: standard deviation). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+CHARACTER + +N + +RANGE + +MEAN + +SD +
Egg bare diameter3078.4–101.687.96.0
Egg full diameter3088.7–115.8102.46.6
Process height904.2–8.66.91.0
Process base width904.2–8.96.30.9
Process base/height ratio9070–139%93%15%
Terminal disc width904.4–8.36.00.9
Inter-process distance902.2–5.43.80.7
Number of processes on the egg circumference3021–2823.51.6
+ + + +Fig. 8. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Egg chorion morphology seen in SEM. +A +. Entire egg. +B +. Magnification of the egg surface. +C–D +. Details of the terminal discs. Scale bars in μm. + + + +18S rRNA sequence (GenBank: +MN443039 +), 1017 bp long; + + +28S rRNA sequence (GenBank: +MN443034 +), 783 bp long; + + +ITS-2 haplotype 1 sequence (GenBank: +MN443036 +), 374 bp long; + + +ITS-2 haplotype 2 sequence (GenBank: +MN443037 +), 374 bp long; + + +COI haplotype 1 sequence (GenBank: +MN444824 +), 638 bp long; + + +COI haplotype 2 sequence (GenBank: +MN444825 +), 638 bp long; + + +COI haplotype 3 sequence (GenBank: +MN444826 +), 638 bp long. + + + +Fig. 9. + +Macrobiotus engbergi + +sp. nov. +Secondary sexual dimorphism. +A +. Female without gibbosities on the hind legs. +B +. Male with gibbosities on the hind legs. Arrowheads indicate gibbosities. Scale bars in μm. + + + + +Fig. 10. + +Tenuibiotus zandrae + +sp. nov. +Habitus. Dorso-ventral projection (holotype, +IZiBB +, slide GL.011.17, Hoyer’s medium, PCM). Scale bars in μm. + + + +Genus + +Tenuibiotus +Pilato & Lisi, 2011 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/46/5C/16465C6D1F0150228EA9A5290231FB39.xml b/data/16/46/5C/16465C6D1F0150228EA9A5290231FB39.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7399e579e4b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/46/5C/16465C6D1F0150228EA9A5290231FB39.xml @@ -0,0 +1,276 @@ + + + +Taxonomic study of the tribe Campsomerini (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae) from northern Vietnam, with the description of a new species and a checklist of Vietnamese scoliid wasps + + + +Author + +Pham, Phong Huy +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-3865 +Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam +phong.wasp@gmail.com + + + +Author + +van Achterberg, Cornelis +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853 +State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +2023 + +2023-10-06 + + +70 + + +2 + + +369 +385 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101152 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101152 +1860-1324-2-369 +D51A716B7B5142EB882572744472351E +92BE51A262F4519D86D6B2D28552489B + + + + +Micromeriella marginella marginella (KIug, 1810) + + + + +Fig. 4A-C + + + + +Scolia marginella +Klug, 1810: 214. + + +Elis (Campsomeris) hirsuta +de Saussure, 1858: 234. + + +Elis (Dielis) hirsuta +de Saussure: +Saussure and Sichel 1864 +: 216. + + +Elis (Dielis) marginella +(KIug): de +Saussure and Sichel 1864 +: 186. + + +Scolia hirsuta +(de Saussure): +Dalla Torre 1897 +: 163. + + +Campsomeris (Campsomeris) marginella marginella +(Klug): +Betrem 1928 +: 135. + + +Campsomeris (Campsomeriella) marginella marginella +(Klug): +Betrem 1941 +: 90. + + +Campsomeris (Micromeris) marginella marginella +(Klug): +Bradley and Betrem 1968 +: 329. + + +Micromeriella marginella +(Klug): +Betrem and Bradley 1972 +: 119. + + +Micromeriella marginella marginella +(Klug): +Bradley 1974 +: 443. + + + +Specimens examined. + + +Vietnam +: +Ha Noi +: +1 ♂ +, +Lien Mac +, +Bac Tu Liem +, +27.viii.2017 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Long Bien +, +12.xii.2015 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + +Thai Binh +: +2 ♂♂ +, +Hong Minh +, +Hung Ha +, +10.vii.2017 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + +Thanh Hoa +: +2♂ +, +Hai Tien +, +Hoang Hoa +, +1.vi.2022 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Male. +Body length 7-10 mm. Metasoma with faint blue reflections dorsally; flagellum brown; clypeus, except for large black spot medially, base of mandible (Fig. +4B +), scapula, tiny spot on callosity, small spot on tegula anteriorly, stripe on scutellum medially, small median spot on metanotum posteriorly, about one-third of anterior surface of fore coxa beneath, small stripe on apical half of all femora and outer surface of hind tibia, outer surface of fore and mid-tibiae, outer surface of fore tarsus and mid-basitarsus yellow; T1-T5 with apical yellow bands, that on T1, moderately emarginate anteromedially and covering about one-third of T1, those on T2-T4, conspicuously emarginate anteromedially and covering one-half of T2-T4, that on T5, not emarginate anteriorly (Fig. +4A +); S2-S4 with narrow apical yellow bands, that on S4, interrupted medially or reduced to spot posterolaterally; erect vestiture white, sparse on metasoma and moderately dense on head and mesosoma; two last metasomal segments with black setae; tomentum silvery, relatively sparse on head and side of mesosoma; wings hyaline; genitalia with paramere stout; base of volsella with sparse and long setae (Fig. +4C +). + + + +Figure 4. + +Micromeriella marginella marginella + +(KIug, 1810), male. +A. +Habitus, dorsal view; +B. +Head, frontal view; C. Genitalia, ventral view. + + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + +Distribution. + +Vietnam (new record): Ha Noi, Thai Binh (Fig. +8E +). Elsewhere: China, India, Sri Lanka, Taiwan ( +Betrem 1928 +; +Gupta and Jonathan 2003 +; +Liu et al. 2021a +). + + + +Micromeriella marginella + +is widely distributed in the Oriental region. The species ranges from Sri Lanka through India to Southeast Asia and also in China and Taiwan. There have been seven subspecies recorded for + +M. marginella + +, namely + +M. marginella marginella + +(Klug), + +M. m. bariensis + +(Tsuneki, 1972), + +M. m. billitonensis + +(Tullgren, 1904), + +M. m. formosana + +(Betrem, 1928), + +M. m. modesta + +(F. Smith, 1855), + +M. m. terinata + +(F. Smith, 1858) and + +M. m. thainana + +(Tsuneki, 1972). +Osten (2005) +did not recognise + +M. m. bariensis + +, + +M. m. billitonensis + +and + +M. m. thainana + +. The seven subspecies are distinguished by the difference in yellow marks on the body in males and by alteration of apical yellow bands on the metasomal terga in females. These characters are likely insufficient to retain the subspecies as valid taxa. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/46/CC/1646CC3359F3940073340B1316BC3025.xml b/data/16/46/CC/1646CC3359F3940073340B1316BC3025.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e748a3ca43c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/46/CC/1646CC3359F3940073340B1316BC3025.xml @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 3. Plumbaginaceae bis Compositae (2 nd edition): Unterfamilie _ liguliflorae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292249 + +book +292249 +10.5281/zenodo.292249 +3-7643-0556-8 + + + +<subSubSection id="9A4128676B618D894D3DD20A9CB3823C" pageId="null" pageNumber="590" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="B96B4EED2B760AF24C0E1E4FE695C326" pageId="null" pageNumber="590"> +<taxonomicName id="DBC241C9AEF248011754FDD6E3C05456" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="null" pageNumber="590" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosum"> +<pageBreakToken id="200E87B018B767A2C970F7CDD3AF9071" pageId="null" pageNumber="590">Hieracium</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="5F3E9F43CFA208780412106495075AC5" originalValue="tomentósum" pageId="null" pageNumber="590">tomentosum</normalizedToken> +<authorityName id="69979AF3207086A277B46001E9143CBC" pageId="null" pageNumber="590">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="4BDB536D4F4AF37C1D88BF5A4FBA2C56" pageId="null" pageNumber="590" type="reference_group"> +<paragraph id="0B2B0AE020BF297E931766F8051652EB" pageId="null" pageNumber="590"> +( +<taxonomicName id="B17285D15F2136B2E630EEE6BB8503DF" authority="Vill." authorityName="Vill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="null" pageNumber="590" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatum"> +<emphasis id="17A1D04CC6837474A6E03195A5D4B30D" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="590">H. lanatum</emphasis> +Vill. +</taxonomicName> +) +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="9608209F0EC9076E4483332846C722F9" pageId="null" pageNumber="590" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="A6928AFF80952EF5923A54B6443E3324" pageId="null" pageNumber="590">Wolliges Habichtskraut</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +10-50 cm hoch. Stengel mit 2-5 +Stengelblaettern +, meist in der obern +Haelfte +gabelig verzweigt, 2-5 +koepfig +, +von zahlreichen, 1 +- + +4 mm langen Haaren dicht +weisswollig + +, meist ohne Stern- und +Druesenhaare +. + +Zaehne +der Haare 3 + +- +5mal so lang wie der Haardurchmesser. +Grundstaendige +Blaetter +oft zur +Bluetezeit +schon verwelkt, oval ( +aeussere +) bis lanzettlich, in den meist sehr kurzen, dicken Stiel +verschmaelert +, meist ganzrandig (seltener +gezaehnt +), + +die +groesseren +2 + +- +3mal so lang wie breit, beiderseits von sehr zahlreichen, 1 +- + +4 mm langen, einfachen Haaren dicht +weisswollig + +, meist ohne Stern- und + +Druesenhaare + +. +Stengelblaetter +etwa in der Mitte am breitesten, mit +verschmaelertem +Grunde sitzend. + +Huelle +12 + +- +18 mm lang. +Huellblaetter +mit zahlreichen 1-3 mm langen, +gezaehnten +Haaren und meist ohne Stern- und +Druesenhaare +. +Blueten +hellgelb. +Fruechte +schwarz, 3,5-4 mm lang.- +Bluete +: +Spaeter +Fruehling +und +frueher +Sommer. + + +Zytologische Angaben. +Keine Untersuchungen. + + +Standort. +Kollin, montan und subalpin. Trockene, steinige +Boeden +in warmen Lagen. Felsen, Mauern, Felsensteppen, lichte +Foehrenwaelder +. + + +Verbreitung. Westalpin-apenninische Pflanze: +Westalpen ( +ostwaerts +bis Macugnaga in den +Ossolataelern +), Apennin ( +suedwaerts +bis in die Abruzzen). - Im Gebiet: Savoyen, Wallis ( +ostwaerts +bis Binn), Aostatal, Macugnaga; Jura ( +Dep +. Ain, Savoyen, Vallorbe; im Neuenburger Jura [Creux du Van, La Clusette, +Cote +Lambercier] +moeglicherweise +angepflanzt). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/47/5F/16475F9F31A15781C0E98A72BC8789AC.xml b/data/16/47/5F/16475F9F31A15781C0E98A72BC8789AC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a51478e2b57 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/47/5F/16475F9F31A15781C0E98A72BC8789AC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Proctotrupoidea + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7936 +7936 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7936 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7936 +1314-2828-4-7936 + + + + +Paracodrus apterogynus (Haliday, 1839) + + + + +Proctotrupes apterogynus +Haliday, 1839 + + +albipennis +(Thomson, 1858, +Codrus +) + + +bethyliformis +Kieffer, 1907 + + + +Distribution +Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/47/65/164765914669FA5209D1B4F389BC595D.xml b/data/16/47/65/164765914669FA5209D1B4F389BC595D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7dd11ceebd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/47/65/164765914669FA5209D1B4F389BC595D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Die neu aufgeführten Gattungen und Arten meines Formiciden-Verzeichnisses, nebst Ergänzung einiger früher gegeben Beschreibungen. + + + +Author + +Roger, J. + +text + + +Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +1863 + +7 + + +131 +214 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4101/4101.pdf + +journal article +4101 +8C6ABAF9-FB7B-40E2-8B73-8C69A0B3E755 + + + + +17. +Camponotus Mus +nov. sp. + + + +[[ worker ]] 9.5 — 10.5 Millim., schwarz, matt, ziemlich dicht und lang, gelblich abstehend behaart. An Kopf und Thorax sind anliegende Haerchen sparsam vorhanden, dagegen am Hinterleib in solcher Menge, dass derselbe dadurch einen dichten gelben Ueberzug erhaelt. Fuehlerschaft an der Basis mitunter roetblich, nicht abstehend behaart, ebenso die Geissel bald heller, bald dunkler. + +Clipeus +abgestutzt, kaum gekielt. Mandibeln glaenzend, glatt oder fein gerunzelt mit zerstreuten, groebern Punkten, mit 5 oder 6 Zaehnen. Kopf dicht fingerhutartig punktirt, auf den Wangen und dem Clipeus mit zahlreichen groben Punkten. Stirnfeld matt. + +Thorax oben ziemlich abgeflacht, Pronotum seitlich gerundet, Meso- und Metanotum fast gleich breit, seitlich wenig zusammengedrueckt, Metanotum, von oben besehen, laenglich viereckig, nach hinten schwach abfallend, die abschuessige Flaeche schief abgestutzt Thorax ueberall fingerhutartig punktirt. Schuppe so breit als hinten das Metanotum, oben gerandet, in der Mitte am hoechsten. Beine schwarz oder braun, glaenzend, aeusserst kurz abstehend beborstet. +[[ queen ]] 10 — 11 Millim., ganz wie der [[ worker ]]. + + +La Plata Staaten. Montevideo. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/47/91/164791E410F854E5A4407A3D6ABA09CB.xml b/data/16/47/91/164791E410F854E5A4407A3D6ABA09CB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d7ad1c95b58 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/47/91/164791E410F854E5A4407A3D6ABA09CB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Checklist of the micromolluscs in the intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, China + + + +Author + +Qi, Lu +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-9390 +Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China + + + +Author + +Xu, Biyang +Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China + + + +Author + +Kong, Lingfeng +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-1697 +Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China & Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China & Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China +klfaly@ouc.edu.cn + + + +Author + +Li, Qi +Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao, China & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China & Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-07-07 + + +11 + + +105444 +105444 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e105444 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e105444 +1314-2828-11-e105444 +B501C317FB6355009DE70D45CB0F336C + + + + +Brachystomia bipyramidata Nomura, 1936 + + + +Native status + +Sucking body fluid of + +Crassostrea gigas + +on rocks in intertidal zones. + + + +Distribution +North of China, Japan. + + +Notes + +The genus + +Brachystomia + +Monterosato, 1884 is very similar to + +Odostomia + +spp. in shell characters, but differs in the protoconch turning down on the teleoconch apex, attaching to other molluscs when alive ( +Okutani 2017 +). + + + +Diagnosis + +Shell minute (3.2 ++/- +0.27 mm in height, 1.5 ++/- +0.34 mm in width), oval conical, moderately thick, translucently milky-white, solid (Fig. +15 +). Whorls about 5, each spiral slightly convex, the height of the body whorl is larger than spire. Surface covered with yellowish-brown periostracum. Suture distinct, grooved. Growth lines coarse and flexuous. Aperture ovate. Columella with a weak fold. Outer lip margin with a shallow posterior sinus. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/47/A2/1647A25BB0AA2D92F59354B5B93FAED6.xml b/data/16/47/A2/1647A25BB0AA2D92F59354B5B93FAED6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ed19c4fe3b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/47/A2/1647A25BB0AA2D92F59354B5B93FAED6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +One hundred and one new species of Trigonopterus weevils from New Guinea + + + +Author + +Riedel, Alexander + + + +Author + +Sagata, Katayo + + + +Author + +Surbakti, Suriani + + + +Author + +Rene Taenzler, + + + +Author + +Michael Balke, + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +280 + + +1 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.280.3906 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.280.3906 +1313-2970-280-1 + + + + +90. +Trigonopterus tialeorum Riedel +sp. n. + + + +Diagnostic description. + +Holotype, male (Fig. 90a). Length 3.59 mm. Color black; base of antennal scape ferruginous. Body subovate; in dorsal aspect with weak constric +tion +between pronotum and elytron; in profile with distinct constriction. Rostrum slender; dorsally with carina and pair of submedian ridges; at base with erect white elongate scales, apically replaced by bristles. Eyes large, medially approximate. Pronotum with disk subglabrous, with minute punctures; basal +1/4 +in front of elytral humeri with indistinct edge bordered by row of deep punctures; anteriorly evenly rounded towards sides; sides anteriorly with white recumbent scales. Elytra subglabrous, irregularly punctate with minute punctures; striae obsolete; basal margin straight; laterally behind humeri with ridge bordered by row of deep punctures. Femora with anteroventral ridge distinct, terminating at base; profemur at middle with tooth. Mesofemur and metafemur dorsally densely squamose with white scales. Metafemur with smooth dorsoposterior edge; subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ventrite 5 hardly impressed at middle, sparsely setose with suberect setae, laterally sparsely squamose. Aedeagus (Fig. 90b) with sides of body dorsally carinate; apex flattened, subangulate; transfer apparatus flagelliform, subequal to body, relatively thick; ductus ejaculatorius subapically without bulbus. Intraspecific variation. Length 3.59-3.64 mm. Female rostrum dorsally subglabrous, sparsely punctate. Abdominal ventrite 5 flat, subglabrous, sparsely punctate. + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype (SMNK): ARC1829 (EMBL # HE616106), PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Eastern Highlands Prov., Okapa, Kimiagomo village, Verefare, +S06°24.760' +, +E145°35.575' +, 1940 m, 18-III-2010. Paratypes (NAIC, SMNK, ZSM): PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Eastern Highlands Prov.: 37 exx, same data as holotype; 22 exx, ARC1824 (EMBL # HE616101), ARC1825 (EMBL # HE616102), Okapa, Kimiagomo village, Afiyaleto, +S06°25.593' +, +E145°34.862' +, +S06°25.212' +, +E145°35.498' +, 1911 m, 18-III-2010; 36 exx, Okapa, Nakaloyate village, +S06°24.760' +, +E145°35.575' +, 1940 m, 18-III-2010; 8 exx, Okapa, Kofare village, +S06°25.212' +, +E145°35.498' +, 2140 m, 18-III-2010, beaten; 7 exx, Okapa, Anurite village, +S06°24.760' +, +E145°35.575' +, 1940 m, 18-III-2010, beaten; 10 exx, Okapa, Verefare village, +S06°24.760' +, +E145°35.575' +, 1940 m, 18-III-2010, beaten; 4 exx, Okapa, Afiyaleto village, +S06°25.593' +, +E145°34.862' +, 1940 m, 18-III-2010, beaten; 3 exx, Okapa, Afiyaleto village, +S06°25.593' +, +E145°34.862' +to +S06°25.212' +, +E145°35.498' +, 1911 m, 18-III-2010, beaten; 4 exx, Okapa, Mayakumate village, 2100 m, 18-III-2010, beaten; 3 exx, Okapa, Isimomo, +S06°25.003' +, +E145°34.527' +, 2131 m, 18-III-2010; 3 exx, Okapa, Hamegoya, +S06°25.727' +, +E145°35.455' +to +S06°25.117' +, +E145°35.225' +, 1891-2131 m, 18-III-2010; 7 Ex, ARC1826 (EMBL # HE616103), ARC1827 (EMBL # HE616104), ARC1828 (EMBL # HE616105), Aiyura, +S06°21.033' +, +E145°54.597' +, 2169 m, 06-II-2010; 1 ex, ARC1057 (EMBL # HE615688), Goroka, Mt. Gahavisuka, +S06°00.864' +, +E145°24.779' +, 2150-2250 m, 24-X-2009. + + + +Distribution. +Eastern Highlands Prov. (Aiyura, Okapa). Elevation: 1911-2169 m. + + +Biology. +Beaten from foliage of montane forests. + + +Etymology. +This species is dedicated to the people of Papua New Guinea. The epithet is based on the family name Tiale, found on page 341 of the Papua New Guinea Telephone Directory of 2010 and treated in genitive plural. + + +Notes. + +Trigonopterus tialeorum +Riedel, sp. n. was coded as " +Trigonopterus +sp. 59" by + +Taenzler +et al. (2012) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/47/A5/1647A58CCECBBBF935E0B98CF8F831F4.xml b/data/16/47/A5/1647A58CCECBBBF935E0B98CF8F831F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2e278d137e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/47/A5/1647A58CCECBBBF935E0B98CF8F831F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +451 +529 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +bernardinus +Rhoads 1902 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Eptesicus (Eptesicus) fuscus +subsp. +melanopterus +Rehn 1904 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/48/87/164887C3FFB5FF941B205943FB9BA721.xml b/data/16/48/87/164887C3FFB5FF941B205943FB9BA721.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b43ac190c55 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/48/87/164887C3FFB5FF941B205943FB9BA721.xml @@ -0,0 +1,2442 @@ + + + +Host conservatism or host specialization? Patterns of fungal diversification are influenced by host plant specificity in Ophiognomonia (Gnomoniaceae: Diaporthales) + + + +Author + +Walker, Donald M. + + + +Author + +Castlebury, Lisa A. + + + +Author + +Rossman, Amy Y. + + + +Author + +Struwe, Lena + +text + + +Biological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2014 + +2013-08-12 + + +111 + + +1 + + +1 +16 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/bij.12189 + +journal article +256483 +10.1111/bij.12189 +01f95364-9504-4755-8068-386846aae696 +0024-4082 +7848455 + + + + + +TRENDS IN +OPHIOGNOMONIA +HOST EVOLUTION + + + + + +Several trends indicating host conservation, divergence, specialization, and switching were noted in each clade of the phylogeny of + +Ophiognomonia + +. When comparing broad trends, a major host-splitting event was suggested in more basally positioned nodes (nodes 1:2, 2:2, 2:6, and 3:5) when compared with the relative position of terminal nodes (e.g. node 3:12) for all three clades of + +Ophiognomonia + +. Patterns of host specialization differed from family → species for nodes 1:2 and 3:5, when compared with nodes 2:2 and 2:6, which show specialization from order → species ( +Figs 2–4 +). A general trend (with exceptions) of host genus and species specialization was observed at more terminally positioned nodes (relative to basal nodes) in all three clades of extant species of + +Ophiognomonia + +( +Figs 2–4 +). For example, host genus and species specialization was observed in the more terminally positioned nodes 1:6, 1:7, 1:12 → 1: +15 in +clade 1, 2:7 → 2: +10 in +clade 2, and 3:7, 3:8, 3:9 → 3: +12 in +clade 3 ( +Figs 2–4 +). Although the nodes in this phylogeny were not dated, this may suggest major host splits (order, family) early in the evolution of + +Ophiognomonia + +, and a trend of host genus and species specialization more recently. The remaining sections will discuss defined patterns of host conservation, divergence, specialization, and switching. + + + + +Table 1. +Host plant relationships and geographic distribution of 45 species in +Ophiognomonia + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Number of
Fungal speciesHost orderHost familyHost genusHost speciesDistributioncollections
+Ophiognomonia alni-cordatae +FagalesBetulaceaeAlnuscordata +East Asia +1
+ +Ophiognomonia alni-viridis + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + + +Alnus + +glutinosaWest Asia, Europe, North America17
+rhombifolia +
+rubra +
+serrulata +
+ +sinuata + +
+viridis +
+ +Betula + + + +papyrifera + +
+ +nana + +
+Ophiognomonia apiospora +Fagales +Betulaceae + +Alnus + +nepalensis + +East Asia +2
+ +Ophiognomonia asiatica + + +Fagales + +Fagaceae + + +Quercus + + + +aliena + + + + +East Asia + + +5
+crenata +
+Ophiognomonia balsamiferae + +Malpighiales + +Salicaceae + +Populus + +balsamifera + + +West North America + +2
+Ophiognomonia bugabensis +Fagales +Betulaceae + +Alnus + +acuminata +Central America3
+ +Ophiognomonia +clavigignenti- + + +Fagales + +Juglandaceae + + +Juglans + + + +cinerea + +East North America14
juglandacearum
+Ophiognomonia cordicarpa +Fagales +Juglandaceae + +Pterocarya + +rhoifolia + +East Asia +1
+Ophiognomonia gardiennetii + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Alnus + + +serrulata + + + +East North America + +3
+Ophiognomonia gei +RosalesRosaceae +Fragaria + + +vesca + +West Asia, Europe3
+Ophiognomonia gei-montani + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + +Geum + + +montana + +Europe1
+Ophiognomonia gunmensis +Fagales +Fagaceae + +Quercus + + +serrata + + +East Asia +1
+ +Ophiognomonia hiawathae + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + + +Betula + + + +lenta + +West Asia, East North America10
+ +lutea + +
+papyrifera +
+pubescens +
+ +verrucosa + +
+Ophiognomonia ibarakiensis +FagalesBetulaceaeAlnussp. +East Asia +2
+ +Ophiognomonia intermedia + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Alnus + + +serrulata + +West Asia, Europe, West North18
+ +Betula + + + +lutea + +America
+papyrifera +
+pendula +
+ +verrucosa + +
+ +nigra + +
+ +Ophiognomonia ischnostyla + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Carpinus + + +betulus + +West Asia, Europe4
+Corylus + + +avellana + +
+Ophiognomonia japonica + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + +Prunus +sp. +East Asia +1
+Ophiognomonia kobayashii + +Fagales + +Fagaceae + +Castanea + + +crenata + + + + +East Asia + + +4
+Ophiognomonia lenticulispora + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + +Prunus +sp. + +East North America + +1
+ +Ophiognomonia leptostyla + + +Fagales + +Juglandaceae + + +Juglans + + + +nigra + +Southwest Asia, Europe, East and3
Southeast North America
+Ophiognomonia longispora + +Malvales + +Malvaceae + +Tilia +maximowicziana +East Asia +2
+Ophiognomonia maximowiczianae + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Betula + +maximowicziana + + + +East Asia + + +1
+ +Ophiognomonia melanostyla + + +Malvales + +Malvaceae + + +Tilia + + +americana + + +East North America +, Europe + +6
+cordata +
heterophyla
+ +Ophiognomonia michiganensis + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Alnus + +serrulata +East North America16
+ +Betula + + +alleghaniensis +
+ +lutea + +
+papyrifera +
+Carpinus + + +americana + +
+Rosales + +Rosaceae + + +Prunus + +sp.
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Ophiognomonia micromegala +Fagales +Juglandaceae + +Carya +tomentosaEast North America7
+Ophiognomonia monticola +FagalesBetulaceae +Carpinus +sp. +East Asia +2
+Ophiognomonia multirostrata +FagalesBetulaceaeAlnus + +firma + + + + +East Asia + + +4
+ +Ophiognomonia naganoensis + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + + +Alnus + + + +hirsuta + + + + +East Asia + + +3
+hirsuta +var. +
+ +sibitica + +
+ +Ophiognomonia nana + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Betula + +nana +Europe1
+ +Ophiognomonia nipponicae + + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + +Prunus + +nipponica + +East Asia +1
Ophiognomonia +Fagales + +Betulaceae + + +Ostrya + + + +virginiana + + + +East North America + +1
+ +ostryae-virginianae + +
+ +Ophiognomonia otanii + + +Fagales + +Fagaceae + +Castanea + + +crenata + + +East Asia +4
+ +Ophiognomonia padicola + + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + +Prunus + +padus +Europe1
+ +Ophiognomonia pseudoclavulata + +Fagales +Juglandaceae + +Carya + +tomentosa +East North America8
Ophiognomonia +Fagales + +Betulaceae + + +Alnus + + +glutinosa +West Asia, Europe6
+ +pseudoischnostyla + + +incana +
+Betula + +verrucosa +
+Ophiognomonia pterocaryae +Fagales +Juglandaceae + +Pterocarya + +rhoifolia + +East Asia +2
+ +Ophiognomonia quercus-gambellii + + +Fagales + +Fagaceae + + +Quercus + + +garryana + + +West and Southwest +North America + +2
kellogii
+ +Ophiognomonia rosae + + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + +Comarum + + +palustre + +West Asia, Europe, East and West7
+Fragaria + + +vesca + +North America
+Rosa +sp.
Rubussp.
+ +Ophiognomonia rubi-idaei + + +Rosales + +Rosaceae + + +Rubus + + +idaeus +Europe, West North America3
+spectabilis +
+Ophiognomonia sassafras + +Laurales + +Lauraceae + +Sassafras +albidumEast North America5
+ +Ophiognomonia setacea + + +Sapindales + +Sapindaceae + +Acer + + +saccharum + +East and West Asia, Europe, East44
+Fagales + +Betulaceae + +Corylus +sp.and Southeast North America
+Fagaceae + + +Castanea + + + +dentata + +
+sativa +
+Fagus + +grandifolia +
+ +Quercus + + +acutissima +
+ +alba + +
+bicolor +
+coccinea +
+palustris +
+ +prinus + +
+ +robur + +
+ +rubra + +
+velutina +
+Proteales + +Platanaceae + +Platanus + +occidentalis +
+ +Ophiognomonia sogonovii + + +Fagales + +Fagaceae + + +Quercus + + +mongolica + +East Asia +4
mongolica var.
+grosseserrata +
+serrata +
+ +Ophiognomonia trientensis + + +Fagales + +Betulaceae + + +Alnus + + +tenuifolia + + +Europe, +West North America + +3
+viridis +
+Ophiognomonia tucumanensis +Fagales +Betulaceae + +Alnus + +acuminata +South America2
+ +Ophiognomonia vasiljevae + + +Fagales + +Juglandaceae + + +Juglans + + + +nigra + +East North America3
+ + +HOST PLANT CONSERVATISM + +The time-for-speciation effect states that species richness will be greater in an area that has been evolutionarily conserved for a dramatically longer time when compared with richness in a recently occupied niche ( +Stephens & Wiens, 2003 +). We hypothesize that this may explain the rich diversity of species occurring on hosts in the +Juglandaceae +(node 2:3), +Rosaceae +(node 2:7) in clade 2, and +Fagaceae +in clade 1 (node 1:12; +Fig. 2 +). For example, the subclade (node 1:12) including + +O. asiatica + +, + +O. kobayashii + +, + +O. otanii + +, + +O. setacea + +, and + +O. sogonovii + +shows host conservatism at the family rank for plants in +Fagaceae +( +Fagales +; +Fig. 2 +). The subclade of species (nodes 2:7 → 2:10) including + +O. gei + +, + +O. nipponicae + +, + +O. padicola + +, + +O. rosae + +, and + +O. rubi-idaei + +suggests a pattern of host conservatism at the order and family rank, and specialization within host genus and species ( +Fig. 3 +). This subclade (node 2:7) only associates with hosts in +Rosaceae +; therefore, we hypothesize that these species will be collected on other genera in +Rosaceae +and will continue to speciate in this family. + + +Species in clade 3 have the narrowest host range when compared with the other two clades of + +Ophiognomonia + +( +Fig. 4 +; +Table 1 +). New species are known to diverge gradually and occupy niches similar to their most recent ancestors, and therefore associate with phylogenetically related hosts ( + +Prinzing +et al. +, 2001 + +; + +Martínez-Meyer +et al +., 2004 + +; +Wiens & Graham, 2005 +). For clade 3, much of the phylogenetic structure in host–fungus range can be considered niche conservatism for the host family +Betulaceae +(nodes 3:3, 3:4, and 3:6; +Fig. 4 +). When simply listing host–fungus relationships, 12 of 15 species in clade 3 associate with + +Alnus +spp. + +and + +Betula +spp. (Betulaceae) + +, only + +Ophiognomonia balsamiferae + +occurs on + +Populus balsamiferae + +in +Salicaceae +, and + +O. clavigignentijuglandacearum + +and + +Ophiognomonia pterocaryae + +associate with + +Juglans +spp. + +and + +Pterocarya rhoifolia + +, respectively ( +Juglandaceae +) ( +Fig. 4 +; +Table 1 +). Within a phylogenetic context, a clear pattern of host order conservatism was observed from nodes 3:3 → 3:15, and host family conservatism was observed from nodes 3:6 → 3:12 ( +Fig. 4 +). Within +Betulaceae +, the species + +O. bugabensis + +, + +O. ibarakiensis + +, + +O. maximowiczianae + +, + +O. multirostrata + +, + +O. nana + +, and + +O. tucumanensis + +(node 3:6) occur only on either + +Alnus +spp. + +or + +Betula +spp. + +( +Betulaceae +and +Fagales +), whereas the species + +O. alni-viridis + +and + +O. intermedia + +have an expanded host range occurring on both + +Alnus +spp. + +and + +Betula +spp. + + +Sogonov +et al +. (2008) + +found that the genus + +Gnomonia +(Gnomoniaceae) + +has tight host association patterns with the family +Betulaceae +. In fact, species from this genus are not known to occur on plants outside of the +Betulaceae +. We hypothesize that most of the species in clade 3 (node 3:3, excluding + +O. clavigignenti-juglandacearum +/ +O. pterocaryae + +) have associated and possibly co-evolved with + +Alnus + +and + +Betula +. + + +HOST PLANT SPECIALIZATION + +The life cycle of + +Ophiognomonia + +consists of dispersing ascospores and conidia into the environment via rain and wind, which must frequently present the opportunity for species to associate with new hosts at the community level in mixed forests ( + +Giraud +et al +., 2008 + +). + +Giraud +et al +. (2008) + +consider a host shift event as one factor contributing to the evolution of a new species, but not the sole mechanism of speciation; rather, allopatry or reproductive isolation must occur to solidify the event. For example, we hypothesize that the host switch (node 1:9; +Fig. 2 +) in the sister species + +O. ostryae-virginianae + +and + +O. japonica + +( + +Ostrya virginiana + +, +Betulaceae +→ + +Prunus +sp. + +, +Rosaceae +) represents a speciation event influenced by host association but solidified by spatial allopatry ( + +O. ostryae-virginianae + +, North America; + +O. japonica + +, +Japan +). + + +Host specificity has been hypothesized to contribute to a reproductive barrier essential for sympatric speciation events ( + +Giraud +et al +., 2006 + +; +Peever, 2007 +). Two interesting patterns representing hostbased specialization among parapatric/sympatric species were observed in clade 1. The sister species + +Ophiognomonia ischnostyla + +and + +Ophiognomonia pseudoischnostyla + +(node 1:7) occur on + +Carpinus +/ +Corylus + +and + +Alnus +/ + + +Betula +(Betulaceae) + +in Europe and Western Asia, from a broadly overlapping geographic range [latitude, (45.98) 46.32–57.08 (57.14); longitude, (6.58) 6.92–31.52 (35.32)]. Similarly, the species + +O. asiatica + +and + +O. sogonovii + +(node 1:15) associate with + +Quercus aliena +/ +Quercus crenata + +and + +Quercus mongolica +/ +Quercus serrata + +, respectively, and occur in closely overlapping spatial ranges in +East Asia +[latitude, (25.14) 35.98–36.23 (36.31); longitude, (102.75) 138.21–140.11 (140.20)]. + +Ophiognomonia ischnostyla + +and + +O. pseudoischnostyla + +show clear patterns of host genus and species specialization ( + +Carpinus +/ +Corylus + +and + +Alnus +/ +Betula + +, respectively, +D = +1.00, node 1:7) and + +O. asiatica +/ +O. sogonovii + +show specialization at the species rank ( + +Q. aliena +/ +Q. crenata + +and + +Q. mongolica +/ +Q. serrata + +, respectively, +D = +0.85, node 1:15). The latter four species of + +Ophiognomonia + +were confirmed as genetically distinct lineages based on the genealogical congruence of multiple molecular markers and the genealogical sorting index ( + +Walker +et al +., 2012a + +). We hypothesize that these four species of + +Ophiognomonia + +evolved partially because of parapatric/sympatric divergence by host usage, which triggered strong reproductive isolation ( + +Giraud +et al +., 2006 + +, 2008). + + +The subclade of species (node 2:11) including + +Ophiognomonia cordicarpa + +, + +O. longispora + +, + +O. melanostyla + +, and + +O. sassafras + +is associated with hosts in +Juglandaceae +, +Malvaceae +, and +Lauraceae +( +Fig. 3 +; +Table 1 +). After the clear and statistically significant divergence event at node 2:6 ( +D = +0.79–1.00), these species suggest patterns typical of host specialization from order → species (nodes 2:11 → 2:13; +Fig. 3 +). Within this subclade, + +O. longispora + +and + +O. melanostyla + +(nodes 2:12 → 2:13) occur on + +Tilia +spp. (Malvaceae) + +, + +O. cordicarpa + +occurs on + +Pterocarya rhoifolia +(Juglandaceae) + +, and + +O. sassafras + +occurs on + +Sassafras +albidum + +( +Lauraceae +). These patterns suggest a recent host jump to +Lauraceae +and +Malvaceae +, and evolutionary conservation throughout geological history in the more common host families of + +Ophiognomonia + +, including +Betulaceae +, +Fagaceae +, +Juglandaceae +, and +Rosaceae +(clades 1–3; +Figs 2–4 +). In addition, + +O. sassafras + +is the only species of +Gnomoniaceae +known to occur on hosts in the +Laurales +. + +HOST SWITCHING + +Two separate host jumps from the +Fagales +to the +Rosales +(order rank) were observed in the phylogeny of + +Ophiognomonia + +(nodes 1:9 and 2:5). The subclade of species including + +Ophiognomonia micromegala + +, + +O. pseudoclavulata + +, and + +Ophiognomonia vasiljevae + +(nodes 2:3 → 2:5) are associated with + +Carya + +and + +Juglans +(Juglandaceae) + +, except for + +O. lenticulispora + +, which occurs on + +Prunus + +in the +Rosaceae +(node 2:5; +Fig. 3 +). A pattern of host conservatism in this subclade was observed at the order ( +Fagales +) and family ( +Juglandaceae +) ranks (nodes 2:3 → 2:4). + +Ophiognomonia lenticulispora + +represents a host switch from + +Carya tomentosa +→ + + +Prunus +sp. + +, which occurred at the order rank ( +Fagales +→ +Rosales +) in this subclade (node 2:5; +Fig. 3 +). The host genera + +Carya + +and + +Prunus + +often co-occur in forests where + +O. lenticulispora + +, + +O. micromegala + +, and + +O. pseudoclavulata + +were collected; therefore, we hypothesize that the ancestor of + +O. lenticulispora + +originated on + +Carya + +or another host in the +Juglandaceae +, and has evolved to specialize on + +Prunus +. + +We also speculate that + +O. lenticulispora + +has the ability to switch within and between hosts in +Rosaceae +and +Juglandaceae +. Host-shifting events that resemble this example have been documented in + +Puccinia +/Crucifer + +( +Roy, 2001 +) and + +Microbotryum +/ + + +Caryophyllaceae ( + +Refrégier +et al +., 2008 + +) + +species complexes. + + +The other host jump from +Fagales +→ +Rosales +occurred at node 1:9 ( +Fig. 2 +). The divergence event at node 1:9 is representative of a host shift from + +Betulaceae ( +Ostrya +) + +to + +Rosaceae ( +Prunus +) + +for + +O. japonica + +( +D += 1.00; +Fig. 2 +). The complete subclade (node 1:4) of species is associated with several genera in +Betulaceae +. Only + +O. japonica + +and + +O. michiganensis + +occur on + +Prunus + +in +Rosaceae +. We hypothesize that the shift to + +Prunus + +in + +O. japonica + +is a host jump (node 1:9), whereas the shift in + +O. michiganensis + +is an expansion of the host range (node 1:10; +Fig. 2 +). + + +Several authors hypothesized that pathogen association with a narrow host range of species provides an advantage over a generalist species with respect to the endless co-evolution of host–fungus competition ( +Whitlock, 1996 +; +Kawecki, 1998 +). The subclade of species indicated at nodes 3:4 → 3:15 associate primarily with + +Alnus + +and + +Betula +(Betulaceae) + +, and generally show patterns of host conservatism at the order/family ranks ( +Fig. 4 +). Two host-switching events were observed in the subclade consisting of nodes 3:4 → 3:15 from hosts in +Betulaceae +to hosts in +Juglandaceae +. The species + +O. clavigignentijuglandacearum + +showed a host switch from + +Alnus + +to + +Juglans + +, and + +O. pterocaryae + +switched from + +Alnus + +to + +Pterocarya + +(nodes 3:14, 3:15; +Fig. 4 +). A similar pattern was observed in the genus + +Cryptosporella +(Gnomoniaceae) + +: all species occur on hosts in +Betulaceae +, except for + +Cryptosporella hypodermia +(Ulmaceae) + +and + +Cryptosporella wehmeyeriana + +( +Malvaceae +; + +Mejía +et al +., 2011b + +). Based on this pattern, + +Mejía +et al +. (2011b) + +hypothesize that species of + +Cryptosporella + +share a close association with hosts in +Betulaceae +. In this study we hypothesize that species of + +Ophiognomonia + +have co-evolved in close association with several host families in the +Fagales +, yet show several host shifts to other plant orders. + +HOST GENERALISTS VERSUS SPECIALISTS + +Host generalist and specialist strategies have most likely contributed to host associations in species of + +Ophiognomonia +. + +The species + +O. michiganensis + +is associated with + +Alnus + +, + +Betula + +, and + +Carpinus + +in +Betulaceae (Fagales) +, and + +Prunus + +in +Rosaceae (Rosales) +(node 1:10; +Fig. 2 +; +Table 1 +). Another species, + +O. setacea + +, occurs on plants from several host orders including +Fagales +, +Proteales +, and +Sapindales +(node 1:14; +Fig. 2 +; +Table 1 +). Both + +O. michiganensis + +and + +O. setacea + +are the only species of + +Ophiognomonia + +known to occur on several host orders, and are considered generalists with respect to host association. This is not uncommon among the +Gnomoniaceae +; in fact, + +Sogonov +et al +. (2007) + +documented the species + +Apiognomonia errabunda + +occurring on a diverse range of host orders, including +Fagales +, +Malpighiales +, +Malvales +, +Rosales +, and +Sapindales +. The remaining 43 species of + +Ophiognomonia + +associate with a single host genus or several genera from the same family, indicating tight host–fungus evolution for the majority of species in this genus over time. + + +SAMPLE SIZE EFFECT + + +Inevitably, only a subset of the total geographic and host range of + +Ophiognomonia + +was sampled in this study, but all data available for scientific studies were included in the study. For example, 11 species of + +Ophiognomonia + +are represented by a single herbarium specimen. + +Struwe +et al +. (2011) + +suggest the inclusion of all detailed specimen records, even if they represent a singleton species, to ensure the comprehensive analysis of clades in SEEVA. It is probable that host records for new collections of + +Ophiognomonia + +will closely coordinate with host associations from past species records ( + +Martínez-Meyer +et al +., 2004 + +; +Wiens & Graham, 2005 +). We do not discount the possibility of new host records for any species of + +Ophiognomonia + +; however, we hypothesize that this is less likely for some than for others. For example, in clade 2 the subclade of species including + +O. gei + +, + +O. nipponicae + +, + +O. padicola + +, + +O. rosae + +, and + +O. rubi-idaei + +is restricted to the family +Rosaceae +. We hypothesize that this is a tight host–fungus association, and that these species are unlikely to occur on plants outside of the +Rosaceae +. In clade 3 (node 3:3 → 3:15), nearly all species are associated with + +Alnus + +and + +Betula +(Betulaceae) + +, except for + +O. clavigignenti-juglandacearum + +and + +O. pterocaryae + +, which occur on hosts in the +Juglandaceae +. We hypothesize that this indicates the potential for other species in this subclade (nodes 3:3 → 3:15) to shift to hosts in the +Juglandaceae +, but still maintain a strong association within the +Betulaceae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/48/E5/1648E58BAA2FF31D0643ADEECCD11C63.xml b/data/16/48/E5/1648E58BAA2FF31D0643ADEECCD11C63.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..226bed165ed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/48/E5/1648E58BAA2FF31D0643ADEECCD11C63.xml @@ -0,0 +1,254 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Phyllostomidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +395 +426 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Sturnira (Corvira) +Thomas 1915 + + + + + +Species and subspecies: +14 species with 11 subspecies: + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) aratathomasi +Peterson and Tamsitt 1968 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Corvira) bidens +Thomas 1915 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) bogotensis +Shamel 1927 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) erythromos +Tschudi 1844 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +(E. Geoffroy 1810) + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +lilium +E. Geoffroy 1810 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +angeli +de la Torre 1966 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +luciae +Jones and Phillips 1976 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +parvidens +Goldman 1917 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +paulsoni +de la Torre 1966 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +serotinus +Genoways 1998 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +vulcanensis +Genoways 1998 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) lilium +subsp. +zygomaticus +Jones and Phillips 1976 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici +Anthony 1924 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici +subsp. +ludovici +Anthony 1924 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici +subsp. +hondurensis +Goodwin 1940 + + + +Subspecies + +Sturnira (Sturnira) ludovici +subsp. +occidentalis +Jones and Phillips 1964 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) luisi +Davis 1980 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) magna +de la Torre 1966 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) mistratensis +Vega and Cadena 2000 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) mordax +Goodwin 1938 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Corvira) nana +Gardner and O'Neill 1971 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) oporaphilum +Tschudi 1844 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) thomasi +de la Torre and Schwartz 1966 + + + +Species + +Sturnira (Sturnira) tildae +de la Torre 1959 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/A5/1649A59AF808FC4E754EE73CE974A42B.xml b/data/16/49/A5/1649A59AF808FC4E754EE73CE974A42B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..41285a6405f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/A5/1649A59AF808FC4E754EE73CE974A42B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +Order Afrosoricida + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +71 +81 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Setifer +Froriep 1806 + + + + + + + +Setifer +Froriep 1806 + +, +in: Dumeril, Analytische Zoologie. …. mit Zusatzen: 15 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Erinaceus setosus +Schreber 1778 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Dasogale +G. Grandidier 1930 + +; + +Ericulus +I. Geoffroy 1837 + +; + +Hericulus +Gloger 1841 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +1 species: + + +Species + +Setifer setosus +(Schreber 1778) + + + + + +Discussion: +Includes + +Ericulus + +, see +Eisenberg and Gould (1970:49) +; and + +Dasogale + +, see +Poduschka and Poduschka (1982:253) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/AF/1649AFE05667A71A530A2DFDEA8350B4.xml b/data/16/49/AF/1649AFE05667A71A530A2DFDEA8350B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76502eeb84a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/AF/1649AFE05667A71A530A2DFDEA8350B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A key to species of the genus Gastroserica Brenske of the China (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini), with the description of two new species and two new records for China + + + +Author + +Liu, Wan-Gang + + + +Author + +Ahrens, Dirk + + + +Author + +Bai, Ming + + + +Author + +Yang, Xing-Ke + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +139 + + +23 +44 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1702 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1702 +1313-2970-139-23 + + + + + +Gastroserica kucerai Ahrens & +Pacholatko +, 2003 + + + + + +Gastroserica kucerai +Ahrens & +Pacholatko +, 2003: 2. + + + +Material examined. +3♂♂"Tianshidong, Mt. Qingcheng Shan, Sichuan, 1000m, 5.6.1979, Gao Ping leg." (IZAS); 1♂"Qinghe Tree Farm, Kangxian, Gansu, 1400m, 8.7.1999, Yao Jian leg." (IZAS); 3♀♀"Shiping, Fengdu, Sichuan, 610m, 3.6.1994, Yang Xingke leg." (IZAS); 2♀♀"Shiping, Fengdu, Sichuan, 610m, 3.6.1994, Zhang Youwei leg." (IZAS); 1♀"Longmenhe River, Xingshan, Hubei, 1350m, 14.7.1999, Chen Xiaolin leg." (IZAS). + + +Distribution. +Fig. 7. + + +Figure 7. The distribution records of +Gastroserica guangdongensis +, +Gastroserica kucerai +and +Gastroserica herzi +from China. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/B5/1649B50C95AC2C01ACC59AE574CB4CAE.xml b/data/16/49/B5/1649B50C95AC2C01ACC59AE574CB4CAE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0172ad9fe71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/B5/1649B50C95AC2C01ACC59AE574CB4CAE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Campodorus elegans (Parfitt, 1882) + + + + +Mesoleius elegans +Parfitt, 1882 + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes + +Transferred from +Mesoleius +by +Shaw and Kasparyan (2003) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC0FF8711AEFE13CE22FB7A.xml b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC0FF8711AEFE13CE22FB7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07f525cc144 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC0FF8711AEFE13CE22FB7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ + + + +Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China + + + +Author + +Liu, Dong + + + +Author + +Wu, Donghui + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +2013-04-10 + + +3637 + + +2 + + +131 +138 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4 +c4860947-aac2-4987-a77c-2ecd807c5bb6 +1175-5326 +219568 +EEBE4B3D-07AE-492C-9852-3E966EC33B8F + + + + + + +Suctobelbella triangulata + +sp. nov. + + + + + +( +Figs. 1 +-9) + + + + +Material examined +: +Holotype +: adult (in alcohol, LD-10-270), +China +: Heilongjiang Province, Shuangyashan City, Baoqing County, Bawusan Farm ( +46°30'30.76"N +, +133°15'18.00"E +), from litter, +142 m +a.s.l., +16 Aug. +, 2010, leg. Dong Liu and Donghui Wu. +Paratypes +: +2 adults +(in alcohol, LD-10-277), same data as +holotype +, from litter under poplar tree; +4 adults +(in alcohol, LD-10-199), same data as +holotype +. + + + + +Etymology. +The new specific name “ + +triangulata + +” is from Latin and refers to the shape of lamellar knob. + + + + +Measurements: +Holotype +: length of body: 280, width of body: 155, length of prodorsum: 115, width of prodorsum: 102. + +Surface of prodorsum covered with many tubercles except tectopedial fields smooth; rostral apex medially concaved with a long, slender and acute tooth bilaterally (directed downwards, not projecting distinctly beyond rostral apex in dorsal view), followed by two large rostral teeth: 1st one thick and slightly rounded, 2nd one smaller, slender and acute; tectopedial fields elongate oval in shape, with irregular inner margin and opened anterior margin; lamellar knob developed and triangular in shape; interbothridial fields and bothridial lobes distinct; sensilla with long stalk and short spindle-shaped head; the head pointed at tip, with bristles densely on outer edge; rostral setae geniculate and ciliated on the basalin the basal half; lamellar setae thin and medium long, directed forward; interlamellar and exobothridial setae short and fine. + +Notogaster oval in shape; notogastral condyles large and triangular, +co.nl +slightly smaller, connected with +co.nm +basally; nine pairs of notogastral setae present, smooth, long setiform and gently curved; all setae nearly same length except for h +1 +, +p1 +, +p2 +which are short; setae +c +far from the posterior margin of +co.nl +; setae +la +inserted at the level between +c +and +lm +, more close to setae +c +; setae +lm +not reaching the insertion of setae +lp +. + + +Epimeral borders not touching medially, epimeral cavity indistinct; epimeral setae short and fine, no essential difference among them; epimeral formula: 3-1-2-3; six pairs of genital setae present, +g1 +longer than the rest setae, setae +g5 +and +g6 +situated closely at a middle portion along the width of plate, setae +g1 +to +g4 +converging anteriorly to inner margin; one pair of aggenital setae present, arising far laterally; three pairs of adanal setae and two pairs of anal setae present; setae +ad1 +inserted at the level between setae +an1 +and +an2 +; lyrifissures +iad +paraanal near anal anterior margin; relative length of setal intervals: +ag +- +ag +> +ad2 +- +ad2 +> +ad3 +- +ad3 +≈ +ad1 +- +ad1 +. + + +Setae +h +of mentum shorter than distance between them; setal counts for leg segments: I: 1-4-2(1)-4(2)-18(2); II: 1-4-1(1)-4(1)-14(2), III: 2-3-1(1)-2(1)-14, IV: 1-2-1-2(1)-9; all legs monodactylous. + + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + +Remark. +This new species is similar to + +Suctobelbella prominens +( +Moritz, 1966 +) + +in the presence of similar shape of closely adjacent rostral teeth, spindle-shaped ciliated sensilla, and similar size of the body and notogastral setae, but can be easily distinguished from the latter species by following characters: only two rostral teeth present; lamellar knob triangular in shape; rostrum slightly narrower; the head of sensilla without terminal spine; tectopedial fields opened anteriorly; co.nl large, connected with +co.nm +basally. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC1FF8211AEFC1AC8CCFD72.xml b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC1FF8211AEFC1AC8CCFD72.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..31495305e40 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC1FF8211AEFC1AC8CCFD72.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China + + + +Author + +Liu, Dong + + + +Author + +Wu, Donghui + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +2013-04-10 + + +3637 + + +2 + + +131 +138 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4 +c4860947-aac2-4987-a77c-2ecd807c5bb6 +1175-5326 +219568 +EEBE4B3D-07AE-492C-9852-3E966EC33B8F + + + + + + +Suctobelbella obtusa + +sp. nov. + + + + + +( +Figs. 10-16 +) + + + + +Material examined +: +Holotype +: adult (in alcohol, LD-10-86), +China +: Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi City, Tongjiang County, Honghe Nature Reserve ( +47°47'37.24"N +, +133°41'9.92"E +), from litter under + +Quercus mongolica + +, +25 m +a.s.l., +26 Aug. +, 2010, leg. Dong Liu and Donghui Wu. +Paratypes +: +5 adults +(in alcohol, LD-10-83), same data as +holotype +. + + + + +Etymology. +The new specific name “ + +obtusa + +” is from Latin and refers to the obtuse tip of notogastral condyles. + + + + +Measurements: +Holotype +: length of body: 236, width of body: 125, length of prodorsum: 95, width of prodorsum: 76. + +Surface of prodorsum covered with many tubercles except tectopedial fields smooth; rostral apex widely rounded and concave dorsally, followed by one pair of large and rounded rostral teeth; tectopedial fields with irregular inner margin, elongate oval in shape and acute anteriorly; lamellar knob comparatively large, rather rounded, but narrow and truncate anteriorly; interbothridial fields long and ribbon-like, connected with lamellar knob; bothridial lobes distinct; sensilla with thick stalk and spindle-shaped head; the head sharply pointed at tip as spine, with bristles densely on outer edge; head and stalk nearly of same length; rostral setae geniculate and ciliated on the basalin the basal half; lamellar setae medium long and thin, directed forward; interlamellar and exobothridial setae short and fine. + + +FIGURES 1 +̵ +9. + +Suctobelbella triangulata + + +sp. nov. + +: 1, dorsal view of body (legs removed); 2, ventral view of body (legs removed); 3, dorsal view of rostral teeth; 4, lateral view of rostral teeth; 5, leg I; 6, leg II; 7, trochanter, femur, genu of leg III; 8, tibia and tarsus of leg III; 9, leg IV. Scale bars: 1, 2, 5–9=50μm; 3, 4=25μm. + + + + +FIGURES 10 +̵ +16. + +Suctobelbella obtusa + + +sp. nov. + +: 10, dorsal view of body (legs removed); 11, ventral view of body (legs removed); 12, lateral view of rostral teeth; 13, leg I; 14, leg II; 15, leg III; 16, leg IV. Scale bars=50μm. + + + +Notogaster oval in shape; notogastral condyles conspicuously large with obtuse tips, co.nl slightly slender, connected with +co.nm +; nine pairs of notogastral setae present, smooth, long setiform and gently curved; all setae nearly same length except for +h1 +, +p1 +, +p2 +which are short; setae c reach the posterior margin of co.nl; setae la inserted at the level between +c +and +lm +; setae lm not reaching the insertion of setae +lp +. + + +Epimeral borders not touching medially, epimeral cavity observed; epimeral setae short and fine, no essential difference among them; epimeral formula: 3–1-2-3; six pairs of genital setae present, g +1 +longer than the rest setae, setae +g5 +and +g6 +situated closely at a middle portion along the width of plate, setae +g1 +to +g4 +converging anteriorly to inner margin; one pair of aggenital setae present, arising far laterally; three pairs of adanal setae and two pairs of anal setae present; setae +ad1 +inserted at the level between setae +an1 +and +an2 +; lyrifissures +iad +paraanal near anal anterior margin; relative length of setal intervals: +ag +- +ag +> +ad2 +- +ad2 +> +ad3 +- +ad3 +≈ +ad1 +- +ad1 +. + + +Setae +h +of mentum shorter than distance between them; setal counts for leg segments: I: 1–4-2(1)-4(2)-19(2); II: 1-4-2(1)-4(1)-14(2), III: 2-3-1(1)-2(1)-14, IV: 1-2-1-3(1)-10; all legs monodactylous. + + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + +Remark. +This new species is primarily characterized by the widely and dorsally concave rostral apex, with one pair of rounded rostral teeth. It is also well characterized by the shape of lamellar knob and ribbon-like interbothridial fields, conspicuously large and connected notogastral condyles. These and some other characteristics are unique in the genus + +Suctobelbella + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC4FF8211AEFA02C915F879.xml b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC4FF8211AEFA02C915F879.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07d5991e0ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC4FF8211AEFA02C915F879.xml @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ + + + +Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China + + + +Author + +Liu, Dong + + + +Author + +Wu, Donghui + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +2013-04-10 + + +3637 + + +2 + + +131 +138 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4 +c4860947-aac2-4987-a77c-2ecd807c5bb6 +1175-5326 +219568 +EEBE4B3D-07AE-492C-9852-3E966EC33B8F + + + + + + +Suctobelbella sanjiangensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + +( +Figs. 17-23 +) + + + + +Material examined +: +Holotype +: adult (in alcohol, LD-10-124), +China +: Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi City, Fuyuan County ( +48°21'41.52"N +, +134°17'10.52"E +), from litter under + +Betula platyphylla + +, +87 m +a.s.l., +10 Aug. +, 2010, leg. Dong Liu and Donghui Wu. +Paratypes +: +6 adults +(in alcohol, LD-10-137), same data as +holotype +. + + + + +Etymology. +The new specific name “ + +sanjiangensis + +” refers to the +type +locality, Sanjiang Plain. + + + + +Measurements: +Holotype +: length of body: 195, width of body: 102, length of prodorsum: 80, width of prodorsum: 72. + +Rostral apex smooth and rounded; one pair of large and acute rostral teeth present; tectopedial fields with irregular inner margin, oval in shape and closed anteriorly; lamellar knob comparatively large and triangular in shape; interbothridial fields arcuate and bothridial lobes distinct; head of sensilla long and slender, with many bristles on outer margin; rostral setae geniculate and ciliated in the basal half; lamellar setae medium long and thin, directed forward; interlamellar and exobothridial setae short and fine. + +Notogaster oval in shape; notogastral condyles small and triangular, +co.nl +smaller, separated from co.nm; nine pairs of notogastral setae present, short, rigid and smooth; all setae nearly same length; setae c close to the posterior margin of +co.nl +; notogastral setae thin, straight, short (at least twice shorter than the distance to the next row), setae +la +inserted nearly at the level +lm +, far from setae +c +; a median notogastral light spot found at the level of setae +c +. + + +Epimeral borders not touching medially, epimeral cavity observed; epimeral setae short and fine, no essential difference among them; epimeral formula: 3-1-2-3; six pairs of genital setae present, +g1 +longer than the rest setae, setae +g5 +and +g6 +situated closely at a middle portion along the width of plate, setae +g1 +to +g4 +converging anteriorly to inner margin; one pair of aggenital setae present, arising far laterally; three pairs of adanal setae and two pairs of anal setae present; setae +ad1 +inserted at the level between setae +an1 +and +an2 +; lyrifissures +iad +paraanal near anal anterior margin; relative length of setal intervals: +ag +- +ag +> +ad2 +- +ad2 +> +ad3 +- +ad3 +≈ +ad1 +- +ad1 +. + + +Setae +h +of mentum shorter than distance between them; setal counts for leg segments: I: 1-4-2(1)-4(2)-18(2); II: 1-4-2(1)-4(1)-14(2), III: 2-3-1(1)-2(1)-14, IV: 1-2-1-2(1)-10; all legs monodactylous. + + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + +Remark. +This new species is similar to + +Suctobelbella elegantula +( +Hammer, 1958 +) + +in the presence of short notogastral setae and setae +c +close to the posterior margin of +co.nl +, but differs from the latter species by following characters: In + +S. sanjiangensis + + +sp. nov. + +, rostral apex with one pair of large and acute rostral teeth; rostral surface smooth; head of sensilla pointed at end. In + +S. elegantula + +, rostral apex with three pairs of rostral teeth; rostral surface granulated; head of sensilla terminates as a thin thread. In addition, these two species differ from each other by slightly different shape of external notogastral condyles. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC6FF8011AEF9C7CFB8FCB2.xml b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC6FF8011AEF9C7CFB8FCB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0bd5eaf526c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/49/FD/1649FD00FFC6FF8011AEF9C7CFB8FCB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ + + + +Three new species of the genus Suctobelbella (Acari: Oribatida: Suctobelbidae) from Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China + + + +Author + +Liu, Dong + + + +Author + +Wu, Donghui + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +2013-04-10 + + +3637 + + +2 + + +131 +138 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.2.4 +c4860947-aac2-4987-a77c-2ecd807c5bb6 +1175-5326 +219568 +EEBE4B3D-07AE-492C-9852-3E966EC33B8F + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Suctobelbella + +reported from +China + + + + + + + +1 Head of sensilla slender................................................................................. 2 + + +- Head of sensilla obviously dilated, flat, disk-, ellipse- or spindle-shaped.......................................... 3 + + + + + +2 Rostrum with three pairs of lateral teeth; head of sensilla terminates as a thin thread.......... + +S. elegantula +( +Hammer, 1958 +) + + + + + +- Rostrum with one pair of lateral teeth; head of sensilla not terminates as a thin thread............. + +S. sanjiangensis + + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +3 Head of sensilla flat, disk-, or ellipse-shaped................................................................ 4 + + +- Head of sensilla spindle-shaped.......................................................................... 5 + + + + + +4 Rostrum with two rostral teeth at each side; setae +c +thick and barbed at distal half................... + +S. sinica +Wen, 1997 + + + + + +- Rostrum with three rostral teeth at each side; setae +c +short and thin...................... + +S. variosetosa +( +Hammer, 1961 +) + + + + + + + +5 Notogastral setae leaf-shaped............................................... + +S. frondosa +Aoki & Fukuyama, 1976 + + + + +- Notogastral setae setiform............................................................................... 6 + + + + + +6 Rostrum with acute apex.......................................................... + +S. conica +Zhao & Wen, 1993 + + + + +- Rostrum with medially concave or rounded apex............................................................. 7 + + + + +7 Rostral apex medially concave........................................................................... 8 + + +- Rostral apex rounded..................................................................................10 + + + + + +8 Head of sensilla smooth......................................................... + +S. singularis +( +Strenzke, 1950 +) + + + + +- Head of sensilla ciliated................................................................................ 9 + + + + + +9 Rostrum with one rostral tooth at each side; tectopedial fields narrow and closed anteriorly.............. + +S. obtusa + + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Rostrum with two rostral teeth at each side; tectopedial fields broad and opened anteriorly........... + +S. triangulata + + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +10 +co.nl +separated from +co.nm +basally; posterior margin of +co.nl +nearly reaches the insertion of setae +c +................................................................................................ + +S. dispersosetosa +Hammer, 1979 + + + + + +- +co.nl +connected with +co.nm +basally; posterior margin of +co.nl +far from the insertion of setae +c.......... + +S. laiae +Tseng, 1982 + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/7B/164A7B9E2D69978E4A987E80DFD83953.xml b/data/16/4A/7B/164A7B9E2D69978E4A987E80DFD83953.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf8c07eb200 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/7B/164A7B9E2D69978E4A987E80DFD83953.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Etudes sur les Myrmicinae. + + + +Author + +Emery, C. + +text + + +Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique + + +1912 + +56 + + +94 +105 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3855/3855.pdf + +journal article +3855 + + + + +S. (Pachysima) latifrons +n. sp. + + + + +[[ queen ]]. - Tres semblable a +S. aethiops +, de meme couleur, plus luisante qu'elle, couverte sur toutes les parties de son corps d'une ponctuation beaucoup plus fine. Tete un peu plus courte, mandibules non striees, plus etroites, a quatre dents; epistome faiblement sinue, garni d'une moustache de poils jaunes; aretes frontales plus ecartees et plus saillantes que chez la +S. aethiops +, recouvrant les articulations des antennes; scape un peu plus court, garni a son bord anterieur de poils jaunes; yeux plus plats; les deux segments du pedicule de l'abdomen sont plus larges que chez la +S. aethiops +, leur forme est aussi differente; ils sont armes, en dessous, d'epines beaucoup plus faibles et autrement disposees. - L. 15 mill. + + + +Gabon, un seul exemplaire. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/7D/164A7D591D65FFB4221FF9C976D921D7.xml b/data/16/4A/7D/164A7D591D65FFB4221FF9C976D921D7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e30cfc5975 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/7D/164A7D591D65FFB4221FF9C976D921D7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +A revision of the Geothelphusa leIJicerIJix species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae), with descriptions of three new species + + + +Author + +Naruse, Tohru + + + +Author + +Shokita, Shigemitsu + + + +Author + +Ng, Peter K. L. + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2006 + +2006-07-26 + + +40 + + +13 - 14 + + +759 +781 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930600773378 + +journal article +10.1080/00222930600773378 +1464-5262 +4581759 +6F322CD1-99BC-4C38-9D41-F1352981F10D + + + + + +Key to species of + +Geothelphusa +leυicerυix + +species-group + + + + + + +1. Anterolateral margin faintly cristate or not cristate......... 2 + + +– Anterolateral margin distinctly cristate............. 4 + + + + +Figure 9. Frontal view of + +Geothelphusa kumejima + +new species +and + +Geothelphusa iheya + +new species +. (a) + +Geothelphusa kumejima + +, paratype, ZRC 2006.0077, male, CL 35.0 mm; (b) + +G. iheya + +, paratype, ZRC 2006.0078, male, CL 28.7 mm. + + + + + +2. Male G1 very slender, total length to width ratio of G1 5.45–6.69, distal margin of subterminal segment narrower than middle part......................... + +Geothelphusa +leυicerυix + +( +Rathbun, 1898 +) + + + +– Male G1 not very slender, distal margin of subterminal segment subequal with middle part..................... 3 + + + + + +3. Outer proximal angle of the subterminal segment of G1 with prominent knob............... + +Geothelphusa kumejima + +n. sp. + + + + +– Outer proximal angle of the subterminal segment of G1 with small knob.............. + +Geothelphusa +grandioυata + +n. sp. + + + + + + +4. G1 stout, terminal segment strongly directed outwards. + +Geothelphusa iheya + +n. sp. + + + + +– G1 slender, terminal segment gently directed outwards................ + +Geothelphusa miyakoensis +Shokita, Naruse, and Fujii, 2002 + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/7D/164A7D591D7FFFAD22F8FF51708C27A0.xml b/data/16/4A/7D/164A7D591D7FFFAD22F8FF51708C27A0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..04c64936460 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/7D/164A7D591D7FFFAD22F8FF51708C27A0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,633 @@ + + + +A revision of the Geothelphusa leIJicerIJix species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae), with descriptions of three new species + + + +Author + +Naruse, Tohru + + + +Author + +Shokita, Shigemitsu + + + +Author + +Ng, Peter K. L. + +text + + +Journal of Natural History + + +2006 + +2006-07-26 + + +40 + + +13 - 14 + + +759 +781 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930600773378 + +journal article +10.1080/00222930600773378 +1464-5262 +4581759 +6F322CD1-99BC-4C38-9D41-F1352981F10D + + + + + + +Geothelphusa +grandioIJata + +new species + + + + + +( +Figures 4 +, +5a +, +8b +) + + + +Potamon +( +Geothelphusa +) + +leυicerυix +: +Miyake and Minei 1965 +, p 377. + + + + + +Geothelphusa +leυicerυix + +: +Minei 1968 +, p 99, Figure 11; +Minei 1973 +, p 211, +Figures 6 +, +9 +(C, D) (partim); +Sakai 1976 +, p 558 (English text), 346 (Japanese text) (partim); +Gima and Shokita 1980 +, p 9, +Figures 7 +, +8 +; +Minei 1981 +, p 80, Tables 2, 3 Plate 3 (lower) (partim); +Miyake 1983 +, p 244, plate 51; +Shokita 1990 +, Table 2 (partim); +Anonymous 1991 +, p 219 (partim); +Suzuki and Sato 1994 +, p 114 (partim); +Shy et al. 1994 +, p 784; +Ng and Shokita 1995 +, p 3; +Anonymous 1996 +, p 362 (partim); +Shokita 1996 +, p 348, Photograph 1; +Yoshigou 1999 +, p 20, Plate 1(F) (partim); +Segawa 2000 +, p 243, Table 1, +Figures 1 +, +2 +(partim); +Shokita et al. 2002 +, p 446 (partim); +Kasai and Naruse 2003 +, p 283, Figures 67B, 71, 72 (partim); +Naruse 2005a +, p 190 (partim); +Shokita 2005b +, p 56 (partim), Plate 3 (middle right). + + + + +Material examined + + + +Holotype +: one male, CL +40.5 mm +, +ZLKU +m. 1094, Fusato, +Tamagusuku Village +, coll. +H. Minei +, + +25 June 1972 + + +. + +Paratypes +: eight males, CL +8.7–42.7 mm +, two females, CL +19.9– 34.2 mm +, three juveniles, CL +9.6–12.3 mm +, +ZLKU +m. 1094, data same as holotype + +; + +one male, CL +43.9 mm +, +ZRC 2006.0075 +, +Taiho River +, +Ohgimi Village +, coll. +S. Shokita +et al., + +3 December 1994 + + +; + +one male, CL +44.8 mm +, +ZRC 2006.0076 +, +Ohkuni Forest +Road, north of +Iji +, coll. +T +. +Naruse +, + +5 July 2001 + + +; + +one male, CL +43.8 mm +, RUMF-ZC-140, +Yona River +, +Kunigami Village +, coll. +S. Shokita +, + +August 1983 + + +; + +two males, CL +29.2–29.7 mm +, RUMF- ZC-141, near +Ishiyama +, +Hedo +, +Kunigami Village +, coll. +S. Shokita +, +Y. Fujita +, +T +. +Nagai +, +H. Kawaguchi +and +Md. +S. +Islam +, + +December 1998 + + +; + +one male, CL +41.5 mm +, RUMF-ZC-142, +Oshi River +, +Ohgimi Village +, coll. +S. Shokita +, +Y. Fujita +, +T +. +Nagai +, +H. Kawaguchi +, and +Md. +S. +Islam +, + +27 December 1998 + + +; + +one female, CL +27.1 mm +, RUMF-ZC-143, east of +Benoki Dam reserve +, +Kunigami Village +, +T +. +Naruse +, + +27 November 2001 + + +; + +one male, CL +37.6 mm +, +NSMT +, +Ohkuni Forest Road +, +between Hiji and Iji +, coll. +T +. +Naruse +, + +5 July 2001 + + +; + +one female, CL 34.0 mm, +NSMT +, +Ohkuni Forest +Road, +Kunigami Village +, coll. +H. Kawauchi +, + +8 July 2000 + + +. + +Others +: four males, CL 30.0– +37.1 mm +, three females, CL +32.1–41.5 mm +, +ZLKU +C20007, data same as holotype + +; + +two males, CL +38.4–40.6 mm +, one female, CL 44.0 mm, +ZLKU 10987 +, +Mt Yanbaru-Yama +, +Tamagusuku Village +, coll. +H. Minei +, + +26 June 1962 + + +; + +one female, CL +35.8 mm +( + +31 August 1961 + +), two females, CL +40.9–43.8 mm +( + +26 June 1962 + +), +ZLKU 11020 +, +Mt Yanbaru-Yama +, +Tamagusuku Village +, coll. +H. Minei + +; + +one male, CL +35.2 mm +, +ZLKU +C20004, +Fusato +, +Tamagusuku Village +, coll. +H. Minei +, + +25 June 1972 + + +; + +one male, CL +45.8 mm +, +ZLKU 9666 +, +Mt Meiji-Yama +, coll. +Kazuo Koba +, + +5 August 1956 + + +; + +one female, CL +39.4 mm +, +ZLKU 9667 +, +Mt Meiji-Yama +, coll. +K. Koba +, + +5 August 1956 + + +. + +Fossil +material: one palm, +RUMF +, +Chinen Village +, 2001, coll. +M. Moriguchi. All +specimens from +Okinawa +Island + +. + + +Comparatiυe material + + + +Geothelphusa tenuimanus + +: all specimens examined in +Naruse et al. (2004a) +. + + +Description of adult + + +Carapace ( +Figure 4a, b +) oval, strongly convex longitudinally; surface including anterolateral margin smooth, cervical groove very shallow, H-shaped gastric groove distinct, postorbital and epigastric cristae absent, postorbital and epigastric regions raised posteriorly gradually, small pit present on posterior part of external orbital angle. Front directed downwards, frontal margin cristate, not granulated; orbital margins cristate, not granulated or granulated on outer third, supraorbital margin L-shaped in dorsal view; epibranchial tooth low, demarcated by interrupted crista, low crista confluent with epibranchial tooth but separate from external orbital angle; anterolateral margin barely cristate, not granulated. Suborbital, subhepatic, and pterygostomial regions ( +Figure 8b +) smooth, no granulation visible on vertical groove and epimeral sulcus. Eye with relatively small cornea, subdistal width of cornea as wide as base of peduncle in frontal view. + + + +Figure 4. + +Geothelphusa +grandioυata + +new species. (a) Dorsal view; (b) dorsal view of carapace; (c) ventral side of G1; (d) dorsal side of G1. (a) Paratype, ZRC 2006.0076, CL 44.8 mm; (b–d) holotype, ZLKU m. 1094, CL 40.5 mm. Scale bars: 10 mm (b); 5mm (c, d). + + + + +Figure 5. Fossils of + +Geothelphusa +grandioυata + +new species and + +G. tenuimanus +( +Miyake and Minei, 1965 +) + +. (a) Chela of +G. grandioυata +(RUMF, palm length 28.6+ mm, width 23.7+ mm); (b) chela of + +G. tenuimanus + +(RUMF-GF-11, palm length 18.6 mm, palm width 17.3 mm). + + +Chelae of large male asymmetrical in size and shape, major chela with wide, thick, and reticulated manus, movable finger long, curved, with large gape when fingers closed. +Ambulatory legs glabrous, propodi with elliptical cross-section, two longitudinal rows of spines on inner margins; dactyli with rectangular cross-section, each margin with row of spines, inner margins with short, stout, sharp spines, outer margins with short, stout, rounded spine, subdistal spine of outer dorsal margin of fourth ambulatory dactylus stout, rounded, smaller than terminal spine. +Male abdominal segments and telson triangular, telson slightly bell-shaped, reaching imaginary line joining proximal fifth of chelipedal coxae. + +G1 ( +Figure 4c, d +) stout; subterminal segment curving outwards, distal part wider than proximal part, with knob on outer proximal angle; synovial membrane wide; terminal segment directed outwards, subdistal margin narrower than distal margin of subterminal segment, uneven. + + +Variation + + +In one female specimen (RUMF-ZC-143, CL +27.1 mm +), the carapace is relatively flatter; with frontal margin convex medially and along both outer angles; the external orbital angle and epibranchial tooth are connected by a crista; the anterolateral margin has very low granules; the anterolateral region possesses very shallow grooves, appearing rugose; the pit behind the external orbital angle is relatively shallower; and there is a row of spines present on the outer margin of the ambulatory propodi. + + +Colour + + + +Geothelphusa +grandioυata + +is maroon to olive in colour in life. Some individuals are coloured a bluish slate-grey on the cardiac region, sides of the carapace, and third maxillipeds. + + +Habitat + + + +Geothelphusa +grandioυata + +occurs near middle to upper reaches of the banks or along small swamps in submontane areas. It also digs deep burrows adjacent to areas with water seeping out. On the basis of our collections, large individuals seem to prefer burrows which have at least some water in the bottom, but medium-sized individuals (e.g. a female, RUMF-ZC- 143, CL +27.1 mm +; a male, RUMF-ZC-141, CL +29.7 mm +) have been obtained from totally dried burrows ( +T +. Naruse, unpublished data; +T +. Nagai, personal communication). + + +Distribution + + +Okinawa +Island, the Central Ryukyu Islands, +Japan +. + + +Etymology + + +The species name is derived from the Latin ‘‘ +grandis +’’ (for large) and ‘‘ +oυatus +’’ (for ovalshaped), suggesting the large body size and the strongly swollen carapace. + + +Remarks + + + +Geothelphusa +grandioυata + +has been regarded as +G. leυicerυix +since +Miyake and Minei (1965) +. However, +G. grandioυata +can clearly be differentiated from +G. leυicerυix +s. str. by its proportionately wider G1 (versus more slender in +G. leυicerυix +), the wider synovial membrane of the G1 (versus more slender), and the shape of the inner margin between terminal and subterminal segment of the G1 (uneven versus smooth). + + +A fossil of a large brachyuran manus ( +Figure 5a +, +RUMF +, palm length 28.6+ mm, palm width 23.7+ mm) was discovered in the limestone fissure sediments of the southern part of +Okinawa +Island, where fossils of + +G. tenuimanus + +have been collected ( +Naruse et al. 2004a +). The discovered manus can be identified as that of +G. leυicerυix +species group by its large size [versus palm length, +18.6 mm +(RUMF-GF-11); palm width,18.0 mm ( +MFM +142451) in + +G. tenuimanus + +] ( +Figure 5b +). Since +G. grandioυata +is the only member of +G. leυicerυix +species group known from +Okinawa +Island, the fossil manus is most probably that of +G. grandioυata +. +Naruse et al. (2004a) +estimated that the geological age of the fossils of + +G. tenuimanus + +was late Pleistocene. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE00FFB4FF0BFD52FDCAB0AE.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE00FFB4FF0BFD52FDCAB0AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e3d14f34e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE00FFB4FF0BFD52FDCAB0AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Hornelliidae +d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2010 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Hornellia +Walker, 1904 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes well developed, round, reniform or subrectangular. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than or subequal to article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. +Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin +; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. +Coxal gills +on pereopods 2–6, +not stalked +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); +smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 similar or in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. +Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae (check). Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with or without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +sexually dimorphic or not; +biramous +, with or without plumose setae; +endopod subequal in length to exopod +. + +Telson deeply +to +weakly cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Hornellia +Walker, 1904 + +; + +Metaceradocus +Chevreux, 1925 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +d'Udekem d'Acoz (2010) believes that hornelliids are related to liljeborgiids and megaluropods, but these groups do not belong in the senticaudates. For us hornelliids are more similar to cheirocratids. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE00FFBBFF0BF9EBFDC9B142.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE00FFBBFF0BF9EBFDC9B142.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..419fbeef6d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE00FFBBFF0BF9EBFDC9B142.xml @@ -0,0 +1,279 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pontogeneiidae Stebbing, 1906 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Pontogeneia +Boeck, 1871 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round, ovoid, reniform or occupying most of lateral surface of head. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli pontogeneiid ( +type +4) + +. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present or absent; if present minute or scale-like. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills present or sternal gills absent, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed or small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 biramous, with or without plumose setae; endopod shorter than or subequal to exopod. + +Telson deeply +to +weakly cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Abdia +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1987; + +Accedomoera +J.L. Barnard, 1964 + +; + +Antarctogeneia +Thurston, 1974 + +; + +Atyloella +Schellenberg, 1929 + +c; + +Awacaris +Uéno, 1971 + +; + +Bathyschraderia +Dahl, 1959 + +; + +Bovallia +Pfeffer, 1888 + +; + +Dautzenbergia +Chevreux, 1900 + +; + +Djerboa +Chevreux, 1906 + +b; + +Dolobrotus +Bowman, 1974 + +; + +Eurymera +Pfeffer, 1888 + +; + +Eusiroides +Stebbing, 1888 + +; + +Gondogeneia +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +a; + +Haliogeneia +Lowry & Stoddart, 1998 + +; + +Inhaca +Ortiz, Berze-Freire & Wasikete, 1990 + +; + +Liouvillea +Chevreux, 1911 + +a; + +Luckia +Bellan-Santini & Thurston, 1996 + +; + +Nasageneia +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1987; + +Paramoera +( +Ganigamoera +) Sidorov, 2010 + +; + +Paramoera +( +Moonamoera +) Staude, 1995 + +; + +Paramoera +( +Paramoera +) Miers, 1875 + +; + +Paramoera +( +Rhithromoera +) Staude, 1995 + +; + +Paramoerella +Ruffo, 1974 + +a; + +Pleusiroides +Ortiz, Lalana & Varela, 2007 + +; + +Pontogeneia +Boeck, 1871 + +; + +Prostebbingia +Schellenberg, 1926 + +; + +Pseudomoera +Schellenberg, 1929 + +; + +Pseudopontogeneia +Oldevig, 1959 + +; + +Relictomoera +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1991; + +Ronco +J.L. Barnard, 1965 + +; + +Schraderia +Pfeffer, 1888 + + +Sternomoera +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1991; + +Tethygeneia +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +a. + + + + +Remarks. +We re-establish + +Dolobrotus + +based on the reversed antenna length and the lack of a serrated anteroventral corner on the head. In + +Dolobrotus + +antenna 2 is longer than antenna 1. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE01FFB4FF0BFA17FDCBB771.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE01FFB4FF0BFA17FDCBB771.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8276c7a32fd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE01FFB4FF0BFA17FDCBB771.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Cheirocratidae +d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2010 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Cheirocratus +Norman, 1867 + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 shorter than peduncle of antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 shorter than article 2, or subequal to article 2, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; peduncular articles 2–3 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present; short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 inner plate setose along medial margin; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 2 with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Pereonites coxal gills on pereonites 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 simple, carpochelate, +weakly +subchelate, subchelate or parachelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic), or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 simple or subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not), carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and carpus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe or with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae +. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust seta (robust or simple). +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous +, without plumose setae; +inner ramus subequal to outer ramus +. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present, or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Casco +Shoemaker, 1930 + +; + +Cheirocarpochela +Ren & Andres, 2006 + +; + +Cheirocratella +Stephensen, 1940 + +; + +Cheirocratus +Norman, 1867 + +; + +Degocheirocratus +G. Karaman, 1985a + +; + +Incratella +Barnard & Drummond, 1982 + +; + +Prosocratus +Barnard & Drummond, 1982 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE01FFB5FF0BFF4AFDCCB03B.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE01FFB5FF0BFF4AFDCCB03B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4faed3b8ce8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE01FFB5FF0BFF4AFDCCB03B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,236 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Calliopiidae Sars, 1895 +b + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Calliopius +Lilljeborg, 1865 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round, ovoid, reniform, subrectangular or occupying most of lateral surface of head. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli pontogeneiid ( +type +4) + +. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present or absent; if present minute or scale-like. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present, vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 simple or subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae or with one to several simple or bifid robust setae, or without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 simple or subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe or with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3, pleonites 1–2 each with carina or each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with or without plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to, or longer than exopod. + +Telson notched +, +emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Amphithopsis +Boeck, 1861 + +; + +Apherusa +Walker, 1891 + +; + +Bouvierella +Chevreux, 1900 + +q; + +Calliopiella +Schellenberg, 1925 + +; + +Calliopiurus +Bushueva, 1986 + +; + +Calliopius +Lilljeborg, 1865 + +; + +Cleippides +Boeck, 1871 + +; + +Domicola +Pretus & Abello 1993 + +; + +Frigora +Ren, 1991 + +; + +Halirages +Boeck, 1871 + +; + +Haliragoides +Sars, 1895 + +b; + +Harpinioides +Stebbing, 1888 + +; + +Laothoes +Boeck, 1871 + +; + +Leptamphopus +Sars, 1895 + +b; + +Lopyastis +Thurston, 1974 + +; + +Lutriwita +Lowry & Myers, 2012 + +; + +Manerogeneia +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1987; + +Membrilopus +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1987; + +Metaleptamphopus +Chevreux, 1911 + +a; + +Oligochinus +J.L. Barnard, 1969 + +b; + +Oradarea +Walker, 1903 + +; + +Paracalliopiella +Tzvetkova & Kudrjaschov, 1975 + +; + +Pontogeneoides +Nicholls,1938 + +; + +Rozinante +Stebbing, 1894 + +; + +Stenopleura +Stebbing, 1888 + +; + +Stenopleuroides +Birstein & Vinogradov, 1964 + +; + +Tylosapis +Thurston, 1974 + +; + +Weyprechtia +Stuxberg, 1880 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE02FFB6FF0BFC5BFDCBB3B0.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE02FFB6FF0BFC5BFDCBB3B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4c9b666109e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE02FFB6FF0BFC5BFDCBB3B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Nuuanuidae +fam. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Nuuanu +J.L. Barnard, 1970 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, poorly developed or absent, if present then round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 geniculate or not; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with single row of simple robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae +. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. +Telson deeply cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Gammarella +Bate, 1857 + +; + +Nuuanu +J.L. Barnard, 1970 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +In addition to the diagnostic characters mentioned above nuuanuids differ from melitids based on the shape of the coxae and the enlarged basis of pereopods 5 to 7. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE03FFB6FF0BF8EFFE13B67A.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE03FFB6FF0BF8EFFE13B67A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f400f5616a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE03FFB6FF0BF8EFFE13B67A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Metacrangonyctidae Boutin & Messouli, 1988 +b + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Metacrangonyx +Chevreux, 1909 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. +Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin +; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. +Pereonites stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; +sternal gills absent +; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; +smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous or uniramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera +. + +Afrocrangonyx +Karaman, 1981a + +; + +Metacrangonyx +Chevreux, 1909 + +; + +Longipodacrangonyx +Boutin & Messouli, 1988 + +a; + +Pygocrangonyx + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979. + + + + +Distribution. +Morocco +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE03FFB7FF0BFDB6FDCCB393.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE03FFB7FF0BFDB6FDCCB393.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd20dcb8110 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE03FFB7FF0BFDB6FDCCB393.xml @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Melitidae Bousfield, 1973 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + + +Melita + +Leach, 1814 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, poorly developed or absent, if present then round, ovoid or reniform. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 or 2–3 not geniculate; accessory flagellum long, short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative, non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 inner plate setose along medial margin; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 2 with or without oblique setal row. +Labium inner lobes present +. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], stalked (with or without proximal restriction or complete suture) or not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2, or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and carpus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed or small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large or small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae +. Uropod 1 with or without basofacial robust seta (robust or simple). Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous; inner ramus minute. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, marine, hypogean, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Abludomelita +Karaman, 1981b + +; + +Allomelita +Stock, 1984 + +a; + +Alsacomelita +Karaman, 1984e + +; + +Anamaera +Thomas & Barnard, 1985 + +; + +Anchialella +J.L. Barnard, 1979 + +; + +Brachina +Barnard & Williams, 1995 + +; + +Caledopisa +Stock & Iliffe, 1995 + +; + +Carnarimelita +Bousfield, 1990 + +; + +Cottarellia +Ruffo, 1994 + +; + +Desdimelita +Jarrett & Bousfield, 1996 + +; + +Dulichiella +Stout, 1912 + +; + +Galapsiellus +J.L. Barnard, 1976 + +; + +Josephosella +Ruffo, 1985 + +; + +Megamoera +Bate, 1862 + +; + + +Melita + +Leach, 1814 + +; + +Melitoides +Gurjanova, 1934 + +; + +Nainaloa + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Nurina +Bradbury & Eberhard, 2000 + +; + +Quasimelita +Jarrett & Bousfield, 1996 + +; + +Rotomelita +J.L. Barnard, 1977 + +; + +Sriha +Stock, 1988 + +(new name for + +Quadrus +Karaman, 1984e + +); + +Tegano +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1982; + +Verdeia +Lowry & Springthorpe, 2007 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE04FFB7FF0BFC9EFDCBB75A.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE04FFB7FF0BFC9EFDCBB75A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9283efba58 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE04FFB7FF0BFC9EFDCBB75A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,362 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Maeridae Krapp-Schickel, 2008 +a (Lowry & Hughes, 2009) + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Maera +Leach, 1814 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical + +. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round, ovoid, reniform, lageniform or subrectangular. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. + +Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; +article 3 shorter than article 1 +; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum long, short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical or absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present, vestigial or absent. + +Coxal gills +on pereopods + +2–6, +not stalked +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; +similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic) +; smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; +propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; + +dis +similar in males and females (sexually dimorphic) + +; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–3 free +; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae or without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae or without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +sexually dimorphic or not; +biramous +, without plumose setae; +endopod shorter than or subequal to exopod +. + +Telson deeply cleft +to +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Included genera. + +Anamaera +Thomas & Barnard, 1985 + +a; + +Anelasmopus +Oliveira, 1953 + +; + +Animoceradocus +G. Karaman, 1984d + +; + +Austromaera +Lowry & Springthorpe, 2005 + +; + +Bathyceradocus +Pirlot, 1934 + +; + +Beaudettia +J.L. Barnard, 1965 + +; + +Ceradocoides +Nicholls, 1938 + +; + +Ceradocopsis +Schellenberg, 1926 + +; + +Ceradocus +Costa, 1853 + +; + +Ceradomaera +Ledoyer, 1973 + +; + +Clessidra +Krapp-Schickel & Vader, 2009 + +; + +Coxomaerella +G. Karaman, 1981c + +; + +Dumosus +Thomas & Barnard, 1985 + +b; + +Elasmopoides +Stebbing, 1908 + +; + +Elasmopus +Costa, 1853 + +; + +Glossomaera + +Krapp- Schickel, 2009; + +Hamimaera +Krapp-Schickel, 2008 + +a; + +Hoho +Lowry & Fenwick, 1983 + +; + +Ifalukia +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +a; + +Jerbarnia +Croker, 1971 + +; + +Linguimaera +Pirlot, 1936 + +; + +Lupimaera +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1982; + +Maera +Leach, 1814 + +; + +Maeracoota +Myers, 1997 + +; + +Maerella +Chevreux, 1911 + +b; + +Maeropsis +Chevreux, 1919 + +; + +Mallacoota +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +a; + +Megaceradocus +Mukai, 1979 + +; + +Metaceradocoides +Birstein & Vinogradov, 1960 + +; + +Meximaera +J.L. Barnard, 1969 + +c; + +Othomaera +Krapp-Schickel, 2000 + +; + +Paraceradocus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Parapherusa +Haswell, 1879 + +b; + +Parelasmopus +Stebbing, 1888 + +; + +Pseudelasmopus +Ledoyer, 1978 + +; + +Quadrimaera +Krapp-Schickel & Ruffo, 2000 + +; + +Quadrivisio +Stebbing, 1907 + +; + +Ruffomaera +Krapp-Schickel, 2008 + +b; + +Saurodocus +Yerman & Krapp-Schickel, 2008 + +; + +Spathiopus +Thomas & Barnard, 1985 + +a; + +Thalassostygius +Vonk, 1990 + +; + +Wimvadocus +Krapp-Schickel & Jarrett, 2000 + +; + +Zhadia +, Lowry & Fenwick, 1983 + +; + +Zygomaera +Krapp-Schickel, 2000 + +. + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + + + +Remarks. +Maeridae +is very similar to +Hadziidae +. They are separated by the coxal gills which are stalked in hadziids. +Maeridae +is also very similar to +Melitidae +. They are separated by the head shape of lateral cephalic lobe; gnathopod 1 with robust setae along palm; the form of the first and second uropods and the inner ramus of uropod 3. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE05FFB0FF0BFB42FDC9B7A2.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE05FFB0FF0BFB42FDC9B7A2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..60a6d336131 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE05FFB0FF0BFB42FDC9B7A2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,261 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Hadziidae S. Karaman, 1943 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Hadzia +S. Karaman, 1932 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present or absent; if present short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical or absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. +Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent +. +Pereonites stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin or without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; +similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic) +; carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae or without dorsal setae. +Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae +. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous; endopod minute or shorter than exopod or subequal to exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, marine, epigean and hypogean. + + + + +Remarks. +Hadziids and melitids have traditionally been considered as separate family level groups. We find it difficult to separate them because of so much character state overlap even though we can see the ‘jizz’. But they may separate on the palm of gnathopod 2 which appears to have a double row of robust setae in hadziids and not in melitids. We leave them as separate. + +Psammoniphargus +Ruffo, 1956 + +is an odd genus with a vestigial mandibular palp. It has been considered as a hadziid. However it is very similar to eriopisids except that it has no inner lobes on the labium, even though the second article on the outer ramus of uropod 3 can be interpreted as long, common in the eriopisids. The other problem is that + +Psammoniphargus + +has sexually dimorphic second gnathopods – not a eriopisid character. It’s a mystery and remains as a provisional hadziid. + +Zhadia +, Lowry & Fenwick, 1983 + +moved to +Maeridae +. + + +Included genera. + +Allotexiweckelia +Holsinger, 1980 + +; + +Alloweckelia +Holsinger & Peck, 1968 + +; + +Bahadzia +Holsinger, 1985 + +; + +Caribdzia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Croidzia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Dulzura +J.L. Barnard, 1969 + +b; + +Guadzia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Hadzia +S. Karaman, 1932 + +; + +Hispadzia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Holsingerius +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1982; + +Indoweckelia +Holsinger & Ruffo, 2002 + +; + +Jamadzia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Liagoceradocus +J.L. Barnard, 1965 + +; + +Mayaweckelia +Holsinger, 1977 + +; + +Metahadzia +Stock, 1977 + +; + +Metaniphargus +Stephensen, 1933 + +a; + +Mexiweckelia +Holsinger & Minckley, 1971 + +; + +Paramexiweckelia +Holsinger, 1982 + +; + +Paraweckelia +Shoemaker, 1959 + +; + +Protohadzia +Zimmerman & Barnard, 1977 + +; + +Psammoniphargus +Ruffo, 1956 + +; + +Radoweckelia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Saliweckelia +Stock, 1977 + +; + +Texiweckelia +Holsinger, 1980 + +; + +Texiweckeliopsis +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1982; + +Tuluweckelia +Holsinger, 1990 + +; + +Weckelia +Shoemaker, 1942 + +; + +Zombiweckelia +Stock, 1985 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE05FFB1FF0BFE9BFE7BB101.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE05FFB1FF0BFE9BFE7BB101.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b306eb5dad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE05FFB1FF0BFE9BFE7BB101.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Gammaroporeiidae Bousfield, 1978 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Gammaroporeia +Bousfield, 1978 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes small, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. +Coxal gills +on pereopods 2–6, +not stalked +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. + +Telson moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; +apical robust setae absent +. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, estuarine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Gammaroporeia +Bousfield, 1978 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Alaska. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE06FFB1FF0BFC9EFDCCB5BA.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE06FFB1FF0BFC9EFDCCB5BA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..60b75e4ffea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE06FFB1FF0BFC9EFDCCB5BA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,252 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Eriopisidae +fam. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Eriopisa +Stebbing, 1890 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed, subcylindrical or vermiform. Eyes well developed, poorly developed or absent, if present then round or ovoid. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. +Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; +similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic) +; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites +1–3 free; +without slender or robust dorsal setae +. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with or without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous +, without plumose setae; +endopod minute or shorter than exopod +. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean and hypogean. + + +Included genera. +The + +Eriopisa + +group includes 9 genera: + +Confodiopisa +Karaman, 1984c + +; + +Eriopisa +Stebbing, 1890 + +; + +Flagitopisa +Karaman, 1984c + +; + +Impertiopisa +Karaman, 1984c + +; + +Nedsia +Barnard & Williams, 1995 + +; + +Psammogammarus +S. Karaman 1955 + +; + +Tunisopisa +Stock, 1980 + +; + +Victoriopisa + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; +Vo c it op is a +Karaman, 1984c. + + +The + +Eriopisella + +group includes 12 genera: + +Cephalopisella +G. Karaman, 1984c + +; + +Cuneimelita +Senna & Serejo, 2012 + +; + +Eriopisella +Chevreux, 1920 + +; + +Gammaropisa +Ruffo & Vigna-Taglianti, 1988 + +; + +Madapisella +Stock, 1980 + +; + +Maleriopa +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1982; + +Netamelita +J.L. Barnard, 1962 + +; + +Nippopisella +Stock, 1980 + +; + +Norcapensis +Bradbury & Williams, 1997 + +; + +Psammomelita +Vonk, 1988 + +; + +Spiniferopisella +G. Karaman, 1984c + +; + +Tagua +Lowry & Fenwick, 1983 + +. + + + + +Remarks. + +Roropisa +Karaman, 1984c + +, which would fall into the + +Eriopisa + +group is considered to be a subjective synonym of + +Victoriopisa + +by Morino (1991) and Stock & Iliffe (1995). + + +The only difference between the + +Eriopisa + +and + +Eriopisella + +groups appears to be the extraordinarily well developed second article of the outer ramus of uropod +3 in +the + +Eriopisella + +group. Eriopisids differ from maerids and melitids in the second gnathopods which are similar between males and females. Melitids are mate-guarders in which the male gnathopod 2 is enlarged. Pereopod 4 coxa is larger than that of pereopod +3 in +melitids. +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE07FFB2FF0BF8FEFE25B7A2.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE07FFB2FF0BF8FEFE25B7A2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b3e902e1118 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE07FFB2FF0BF8FEFE25B7A2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Crangoweckeliidae Lowry & Myers, 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Crangoweckelia +Stock, 1985 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than or subequal to article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae +. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod. +Telson deeply +or +moderately cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera +. + +Crangoweckelia +Stock, 1985 + +; + +Pintaweckelia +Stock, 1985 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Caribbean. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE07FFB3FF0BFEB2FDCAB143.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE07FFB3FF0BFEB2FDCAB143.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..780359bb520 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE07FFB3FF0BFEB2FDCAB143.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Temnophliidae Griffiths, 1975 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Temnophlias +K.H. Barnard, 1916 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body dorsoventrally flattened +. + +Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; articles 1–2 not geniculate; articles 2–3 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp absent. +Maxilla 1 +basal endite absent; +palp absent +. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 simple or chelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 simple or chelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; rami absent. +Telson entire +. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Hystriphlias +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1987; + +Temnophlias +K.H. Barnard, 1916 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +South African. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFA3FF0BF88FFD96B11A.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFA3FF0BF88FFD96B11A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0357085c6ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFA3FF0BF88FFD96B11A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Neoniphargidae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Neoniphargus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli crangonyctoid ( +type +9) + +. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. +Mandible molar triturative +; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present, asymmetrical (slight, in the apical setae). Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); +sternal gills present +, simple or dendritic; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not); carpus slightly produced or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed or small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae +. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae or without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +, +moderately cleft +, +weakly cleft +or +notched +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Jasptorus +Bradbury & Williams, 1997 + +; + +Neocrypta +Bradbury & Williams, 1997 + +; + +Neoniphargus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Tasniphargus +Williams & Barnard, 1988 + +; + +Wesniphargus +Williams & Barnard, 1988 + +; + +Wombeyanus +Bradbury & Williams, 1997 + +; + +Yulia +Williams & Barnard, 1988 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +There is not much to separate +Neoniphargidae +from +Perthiidae +. Based on our analysis: maxilla 1 palp is slightly asymmetrical (symmetrical in +Perthiidae +) and coxal gills are stalked (not stalked in +Perthiidae +). Another good character may be the mandibular molar which is triturating in neoniphargids (not in perthiids). + + + + +Distribution. +Temperate +Australia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFBCFF0BFC0FFE6EB24C.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFBCFF0BFC0FFE6EB24C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c8c6caac37d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFBCFF0BFC0FFE6EB24C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Kotumsaridae Messouli, Holsinger & Reddy, 2007 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Kotumsaria +Messouli, Holsinger & Reddy, 2007 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 slightly longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–6, stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters absent. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); +larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm with single row of simple robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than pereopod 6; +coxa without lobes +. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. +Telson entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Kotumsaria +Messouli, Holsinger & Reddy, 2007 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Messouli +et al +. (2007) alluded to the possibility that kotumsarids might be crangonyctidirans and our phylogenetic results indicate they are. + + + + +Distribution. +India +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFBCFF0BFF4AFD94B633.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFBCFF0BFF4AFD94B633.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..516c1c5984a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE08FFBCFF0BFF4AFD94B633.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Giniphargidae Lowry & Myers 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Giniphargus +Williams & Barnard, 1988 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical or vermiform. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar absent; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–6; +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; +propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than pereopod 6; +coxa with posterodorsal lobe +. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; uniramous, without plumose setae. +Telson moderately cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater,? hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Giniphargus +Williams & Barnard, 1988 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Temperate +Australia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE09FFBDFF0BFBEEFE10B2BF.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE09FFBDFF0BFBEEFE10B2BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a05f1e5a861 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE09FFBDFF0BFBEEFE10B2BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Crangonyctidae Bousfield, 1973 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Crangonyx +Bate, 1859 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round, ovoid or subrectangular. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli crangonyctoid +( + +type +9 + +) + +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. +Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row +. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); sternal gills present, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 5 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae +. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, uniramous or rami absent, without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. +Telson moderately cleft +, +notched +, +emarginate +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean and epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Bactrurus +Hay, 1902 + +; + +Crangonyx +Bate, 1859 + +; + +Lyurella +Derzhavin, 1939 + +; + +Pachypodacrangonyx +Boutin & Coineau, 1987 + +; + +Stygobromus +Cope, 1872 + +; + +Stygonyx +Bousfield & Holsinger, 1989 + +; + +Synurella +Wrzesniowski, 1877 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Holarctic. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE09FFBDFF0BFF4AFDFDB6A8.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE09FFBDFF0BFF4AFDFDB6A8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b42ff8ca115 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE09FFBDFF0BFF4AFDFDB6A8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Chillagoeidae Lowry & Myers, 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Chillagoe +Barnard & Williams, 1995 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli crangonyctoid ( +type +9) + +. Antenna 1 subequal in length or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, stalked (without proximal restriction) or not stalked; sternal gills present, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod subchelate; 1 similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; 1 similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae +. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; uniramous, without plumose setae. +Telson deeply cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Chillagoe +Barnard & Williams, 1995 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Tropical +Australia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0AFFBEFF0BFB3AFE34B2BF.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0AFFBEFF0BFB3AFE34B2BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3247cb196d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0AFFBEFF0BFB3AFE34B2BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Austroniphargidae Iannilli, Krapp & Ruffo, 2011 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Austroniphargus +Monod, 1925 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical or asymmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7 or on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with posterodorsal lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–3 coalesced +; without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous or uniramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson weakly cleft +, +notched +, +emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Austroniphargus +Monod, 1925 + +; + +Libertinia +Iannilli, Krapp & Ruffo, 2011 + +; + +Davidia +Iannilli, Krapp & Ruffo, 2011 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Madagascar +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0BFFBEFF0BF91BFCFAB659.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0BFFBEFF0BF91BFCFAB659.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e58c8756f3c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0BFFBEFF0BF91BFCFAB659.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pseudoniphargidae G. Karaman, 1993 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Pseudoniphargus +Chevreux, 1901 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes absent. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. + + + + +Coxal gills +number and sequence [not known], +stalked (without proximal restriction) +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); +smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin (reduced in size). Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with or without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +sexually dimorphic ( +adriaticus +group) or not; biramous, without plumose setae; +endopod minute +. +Telson notched +, +emarginate +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Parapseudoniphargus +Notenboom 1988 + +; + +Pseudoniphargus +Chevreux, 1901 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +G. Karaman (1993) does not strictly follow the ICZN rules for establishing this family, in that he does not specifically state that it is a new family, but he does give a +type +genus and indicates that it is monotypic. We therefore attribute authorship of the family to G. Karaman (1993). + + + + +Distribution. +Mediterranean region and Canary Islands. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0BFFBFFF0BFD26FDEAB33F.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0BFFBFFF0BFD26FDEAB33F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa1a8e3e4a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0BFFBFFF0BFD26FDEAB33F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Kergueleniolidae +fam. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Kergueleniola +Ruffo, 1974 + +b. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body vermiform + +. Eyes absent. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar present; palp symmetrical. +Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose +; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) or not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 coxa with small anteroventral lobe +. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1, large distoventral robust seta [unknown]. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +biramous, without plumose setae; +endopod subequal in length to exopod +. + +Telson moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. +Kergueleniolidae +includes 1 genus: + +Kergueleniola +Ruffo, 1974 + +b. + + + + +Remarks. +Koenemann & Holsinger (1999) expelled + +Kergueleniola + +from the +Bogidiellidae +because it had: cleft +telson +without robust setae; pleopods 1–3 with subequal, 1–articulate rami; gnathopod 1 carpus without distal lobe; and mandibular palp with row of subapical setae (C-setae). They listed other character differences such as; ‘the unusually shaped palp of the maxilliped, the long, rounded epimeral plates, and the armature and shape of the mandibles and uropods’. For us the kergueleniolids form a distinct family-level taxon based on the vermiform body with discontiguous coxae, subequal rami on uropod 3 and +moderately cleft +telson +. + + + + +Distribution. +Kerguelen Island. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFB8FF0BFC73FE06B3F9.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFB8FF0BFC73FE06B3F9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9c8c659286 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFB8FF0BFC73FE06B3F9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Crymostygiidae Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004 + + + + +Crymostygidae +( +sic +) Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004: 188. + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Crymostygius +Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical. Eyes poorly developed. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 slightly longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 slightly longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) or stalked (without proximal restriction); +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites +1–3 free; +with slender or robust dorsal setae +. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 biramous +, without plumose setae; endopod minute. +Telson entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Crymostygius +Kristjánsson & Svavarsson, 2004 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Iceland +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFB8FF0BFF4AFE60B617.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFB8FF0BFF4AFE60B617.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d62160b51ab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFB8FF0BFF4AFE60B617.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Allocrangonyctidae Holsinger, 1989 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Allocrangonyx +Schellenberg, 1936 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical. Eyes absent. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters present or absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than pereopod 6; +coxa with large anteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson notched + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Allocrangonyx +Schellenberg, 1936 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFBFFF0BF8DAFE32B7EA.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFBFFF0BF8DAFE32B7EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..029a8bc30e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0CFFBFFF0BF8DAFE32B7EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Dussartiellidae Lowry & Myers, 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Dussartiella +Ruffo, 1979 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical +. + +Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. + +Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose +; +palps asymmetrical + +. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–3 free +; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Dussartiella +Ruffo, 1979 + +; + +Reinhardia +Iannilli, Krapp & Ruffo, 2011 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Madagascar +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0DFFB9FF0BFD9AFC49B01F.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0DFFB9FF0BFD9AFC49B01F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05bd3222bee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0DFFB9FF0BFD9AFC49B01F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Salentinellidae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Salentinella +Ruffo, 1947 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes absent. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 shorter than or subequal in length to antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp, symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 simple, +weakly +subchelate or subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 simple or subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5 +. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous or uniramous, without plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod. +Telson deeply cleft +to +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater or slightly brackish, hypogean. + + +Included genera +. + +Parasalentinella +Bou, 1971 + +; + +Salentinella +Ruffo, 1947 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Balkans to Southern +France +, +Spain +and +Morocco +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0EFFB9FF0BFC2AFDCCB4B9.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0EFFB9FF0BFC2AFDCCB4B9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b672e5d00f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0EFFB9FF0BFC2AFDCCB4B9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Bogidiellidae Hertzog, 1936 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Bogidiella +Hertzog, 1933 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical or vermiform + +. Eyes, well developed or absent, if present then subrectangular. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 +subequal in length or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal in length to or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; +article 3 shorter than article 1 +; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present or absent; if present if present short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp, symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose or without setae; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) or not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 simple or subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with one to several simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 simple or subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus strongly produced along posterior margin of propodus or slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod or subequal to exopod. + +Telson moderately cleft +, +weakly cleft +, +notched +, +emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Actogidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Aequigidiella +Botosaneanu & Stock, 1989 + +; + +Afridiella + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Antillogidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Arganogidiella +Koenemann & Holsinger, 1999 + +; + +Argentinogidiella +Koenemann & Holsinger, 1999 + +; + +Aurobogidiella +G. Karaman, 1988b + +; + +Bermudagidiella +Koenemann & Holsinger, 1999 + +; + +Bogidiella +Hertzog, 1933 + +; + +Bogidomma +Bradbury & Williams, 1996 + +; + +Bollegidia +Ruffo, 1974 + +a; +Cabodigiella +Stock & Vonk, 1992; + +Dycticogidiella +Grosso & Claps, 1985 + +; + +Eobogidiella +Karaman, 1981d + +; + +Fidelidiella +Jaume, Gràcia & Boxshall, 2007 + +; + +Glyptogidiella +Vonk & Jaume, 2010 + +; + +Grossogidiella +Koenemann & Holsinger, 1999 + +; + +Guagidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Hebraegidiella +G. Karaman, 1988a + +; + +Indogidiella +Koenemann & Holsinger, 1999 + +; + +Maghrebidiella +Diviacco & Ruffo, 1985 + +; + +Marigidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Marinobogidiella +G. Karaman, 1981d + +; + +Medigidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Megagidiella +Koenemann & Holsinger, 1999 + +; + +Mesochthongidiella +Grosso & Fernandez, 1985 + +; + +Mexigidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Nubigidiella +G. Karaman, 1988a + +; + +Omangidiella +Iannilli, Holsinger, Ruffo & Vonk, 2006 + +; + +Orchestigidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Parabogidiella +Holsinger, 1980 + +; + +Patagongidiella +Grosso & Fernández, 1993 + +; + +Racovella +Jaume, Gràcia & Boxshall, 2007 + +; + +Stockigidiella +Iannilli, Holsinger, Ruffo & Vonk, 2006 + +; + +Stygogidiella +Stock, 1981 + +; + +Xystriogidiella +Stock, 1984 + +b. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0FFFBAFF0BF8F2FCCCB6E9.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0FFFBAFF0BF8F2FCCCB6E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ad1fea51321 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE0FFFBAFF0BF8F2FCCCB6E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Artesiidae Holsinger, 1980 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Artesia +Holsinger, 1980 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp, symmetrical. +Maxilla 1 basal endite without setae +; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; +larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic);carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae or without plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. + +Telson deeply +or +moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Artesia +Holsinger, 1980 + +; + +Spelaeogammarus +Da Silva Brum, 1975 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Holsinger (1980) considered the artesiids and bogidiellids as sister-taxa. According to Holsinger (1980) artesiids ‘differs from most other bogidiellids in having broader coxal plates (especially those of pereopods 5 and 6), broadened basis of pereopod 7, unreduced pleopods (although the number of segments in the rami is low when compared with many other gammaridan genera), urosomites with dorsal spines, setae on the margins of the rami of uropod 3, and +deeply cleft +telson’. + + + + +Distribution. +Texas, southern +United States +. +Brazil +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE10FFA4FF0BFD0AFCCBB0D7.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE10FFA4FF0BFD0AFCCBB0D7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84715599e83 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE10FFA4FF0BFD0AFCCBB0D7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Behningiellidae Kamaltynov, 2001 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Behningiella +Derzhavin, 1948 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, ovoid or reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. +Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 + +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; +coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 7 subequal in length longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous +, without plumose setae; endopod shorter than, subequal to, or longer than exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, freshwater and semi-parasitic (Osadchikh 1977; Mordukhai-Boltovskoi +et al +. 1969), epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Cardiophilus +Sars, 1896 + +; + +Behningiella +Derzhavin, 1948 + +; + +Zernovia +Derzhavin, 1948 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Black and Caspian Seas, Volga River. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE10FFABFF0BFA33FD43B4E1.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE10FFABFF0BFA33FD43B4E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f9423fd977 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE10FFABFF0BFA33FD43B4E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Falklandellidae Lowry & Myers 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Falklandella +Schellenberg, 1931 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent or gammarid ( +type +1) + +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2-6, not stalked; +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod. + +Telson emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean and?hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Falklandella +Schellenberg, 1931 + +; + +Osornodella +Pérez-Schultheiss, 2013 + +; + +Praefalklandella +Stock & Platvoet, 1991 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Southern South +America +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE11FFA4FF0BF91BFC06B7C9.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE11FFA4FF0BF91BFC06B7C9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aaaaf7a14ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE11FFA4FF0BF91BFC06B7C9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Bathyporeiidae +d'Udekem d'Acoz, 2011 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Bathyporeia +Lindstrom, 1855 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes present, well developed, reniform. Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1). +Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; longer than article 3; shorter than article 1; +peduncular articles 1–2 geniculate +; peduncular articles 2–3 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. + + +Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2 or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with few plumose setae; endopod minute. +Telson deeply cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present; apical robust setae present. + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + + + +Included genera. + +Amphiporeia +Shoemaker, 1929 + +; + +Bathyporeia +Lindstrom, 1855 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +North Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean and Black Seas. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE11FFA5FF0BFC2AFE30B33F.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE11FFA5FF0BFC2AFE30B33F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..60f929be29d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE11FFA5FF0BFC2AFE30B33F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Baikalogammaridae Kamaltynov, 2001 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Baikalogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, reniform. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to article 2; article 2 subequal to or slightly longer than article 3; article 3 slightly shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar [unknown]; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 and 2 [not known]. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod subchelate; 1 dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2 or similar in size to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe +. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites +1–3 free; +with slender or robust dorsal setae +. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft +or +moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; +apical robust setae absent +. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Baikalogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + + + +Distribution. +Lake Baikal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE12FFA5FF0BF8EEFE04B6E9.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE12FFA5FF0BF8EEFE04B6E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d05ada3765a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE12FFA5FF0BF8EEFE04B6E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Anisogammaridae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Anisogammarus +Derzhavin, 1927 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round, ovoid or reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1) + +. Antenna 1 shorter than subequal in length to or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. +Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7 +, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed or with small posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6 +; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 pleonite 3 with or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae (check). Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae or without dorsal setae +. Uropod 1 with or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. + +Telson deeply +or +moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Annanogammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +; + +Anisogammarus +Derzhavin, 1927 + +; + +Barrowgammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +; + +Carineogammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +; + +Eogammarus +Birstein, 1933 + +; + +Eurypodogammarus +Hou, Morino + +& Li, 2005;? + +Fuxiana +Sket, 2000 + +; + +Fuxigammarus +Sket & Fiser, 2009 + +; + +Jesogammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +; + +Locustogammarus +Bousfield 1979 + +; + +Ramellogammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +; + +Spasskogammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +; + +Spinulogammarus +Tzvetkova, 1972 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Eurasia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE13FFA6FF0BF9A6FE30B392.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE13FFA6FF0BF9A6FE30B392.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b4f1e0d8ab3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE13FFA6FF0BF9A6FE30B392.xml @@ -0,0 +1,451 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Acanthogammaridae Garjajev, 1901 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Acanthogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar [not known]; palps symmetrical; 3–articulate. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. +Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row +. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; +dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic) +; subchelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6 or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with or without dorsal carina or carinae. Pleopods well developed, biramous. +Urosomites 1–3 +free; +without slender or robust dorsal setae +. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; biramous, +with plumose setae +; +endopod subequal in length to exopod +; exopod longer than peduncle, 1-articulate. +Telson deeply cleft +, +moderately cleft +or +weakly cleft +. + + + + +Included subfamilies. +Abyssogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +; +Acanthogammarinae Garjajev, 1901 +; +Carinogammarinae Takhteev, 2000 +; +Eulimnogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +; +Hyalellopsinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +; +Odontogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +; +Parapallaseinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +; +Plesiogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +; +Poekilogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +. + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean and hypogean. + + +Included genera. +Acanthogammarinae +includes 16 genera: + +Acanthogammarus (Acanthogammarus) +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Acanthogammarus (Ancyracanthus) +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Boeckaxelia +Schellenberg, 1940 + +; + +Brachyuropus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Brandtia +Bate 1862 + +; + +Carinurus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Cheirogammarus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Coniurus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Cornugammarus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Dedyuola +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Diplacanthus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Dorogammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +; + +Dorogostaiskia +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Eucarinogammarus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Issykogammarus +Chevreux, 1908 + +; + +Metapallasea +Bazikalova, 1959 + +; + +Oxyacanthus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +. + + +Carinogammarinae +includes 9 genera: + +Aspretus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Asprogammarus +Bazikalova, 1975 + +; + +Carinogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Echiuropus +( +Asprogammarus +) Bazikalova, 1975 + +; + +Echiuropus +( +Echiuropus +) Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Echiuropus +( +Smaragdogammarus +) Bazikalova, 1945 + +; + +Eremogammarus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Pseudomicruropus +Bazikalova, 1961 + +; + +Smaragdogammarus +Bazikalova, 1975 + +. + + +Eulimnogammarinae +includes 1 genus: + +Eulimnogammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + +Hyalellopsinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +includes 2 genera: + +Gammarosphaera +Bazikalova, 1936 + +; + +Hyalellopsis +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Odontogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +includes 11 genera: + +Bazikalovia +Takhteev, 2000 + +; + +Berchinia +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Heterogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Lobogammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +; + +Macropereiopus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Odontogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Ommatogammarus (Abludogammarus) + +G. Karaman, 1980; + +Ommatogammarus (Ommatogammarus) +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Ommatogammarus (Pretiositus) +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Profundalia +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Tengisia +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +. + + +Parapallaseinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +includes 3 genera: + +Ceratogammarus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Palicarinus +Barnard & Barnard, 1983 + +; + +Parapallasea +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Plesiogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +includes 7 genera/subgenera: + +Garjajewia +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Koshovia +Bazikalova, 1975 + +; + +Paragarjajewia +Bazikalova, 1945 + +; + +Plesiogammarus (Plesiogammarus) +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Plesiogammarus (Caecogammarus) +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Sentogammarus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Supernogammarus +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +. + + +Poekilogammarinae Kamaltynov, 1999 +includes 8 genera/subgenera: + +Bathygammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +; + +Gymnogammarus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Inobsequentus +Takhteev, 2000 + +; + +Nyctoporea +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Onychogammarus (Onychogammarus) +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Onychogammarus (Variogammarus) +Takhteev, 1995 + +; + +Poekilogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Rostrogammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Lake Baikal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE13FFA7FF0BFF4AFD94B633.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE13FFA7FF0BFF4AFD94B633.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..464ebe414e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE13FFA7FF0BFF4AFD94B633.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Uronyctidae Lowry & Myers, 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Uronyctus +Stock & Iliffe, 1990 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical or vermiform. Eyes absent. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–7, stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; sexually dimorphic [not known]; +smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; sexual dimorphism [not known]; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than pereopod 6; +coxa with posterodorsal lobe +. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +, without plumose setae. + +Telson moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Uronyctus +Stock & Iliffe, 1990 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Temperate +Australia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE14FFA0FF0BFB5BFE38B2DC.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE14FFA0FF0BFB5BFE38B2DC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..28918ef1be4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE14FFA0FF0BFB5BFE38B2DC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Sternophysingidae Holsinger, 1992 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Sternophysinx +Holsinger & Straškraba, 1973 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed +. + +Eyes absent. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli crangonyctoid ( +type +9) + +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. +Coxal gills +on pereopods 2–6, + +stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture); sternal gills present, simple +; + + +sternal blisters +present + +; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. +Telson notched +or +emarginate +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Sternophysinx +Holsinger & Straškraba, 1973 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +South Africa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE14FFA0FF0BFEB2FE32B17F.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE14FFA0FF0BFEB2FE32B17F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b2111b0625e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE14FFA0FF0BFEB2FE32B17F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Sandroidae Lowry & Myers, 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Sandro + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes apparently absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 longer than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite without setae; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills on pereopods 3–7, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small posterodorsal lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–3 coalesced +; +with sparse slender or robust dorsal setae +. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. +Telson deeply cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Sandro + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979. + + + + +Distribution. +Madagascar +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE15FFA0FF0BFAE7FE9FB451.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE15FFA0FF0BFAE7FE9FB451.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f59de2f7ac6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE15FFA0FF0BFAE7FE9FB451.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pseudocrangonyctidae Holsinger, 1989 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Pseudocrangonyx +Akatsuka & Komai, 1922 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical. Eyes well developed or absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp present, symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, stalked with proximal suture; +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters present or absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm with peglike robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–3 +free; +with slender or robust dorsal setae +. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. +Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae +. Uropod 3 sexually dimorphic; uniramous, without plumose setae. + +Telson notched +, +emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Procrangonyx +Schellenberg, 1934 + +; + +Pseudocrangonyx +Akatsuka & Komai, 1922 + +. +Distribution. +North-eastern +China +, eastern Siberia (including the Kamchatka Peninsula), +Korea +and the Japanese Islands. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE15FFA1FF0BFE06FD94B1AB.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE15FFA1FF0BFE06FD94B1AB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..effdfa318c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE15FFA1FF0BFE06FD94B1AB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Perthiidae Williams & Barnard, 1988 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Perthia +Straškraba, 1964 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli crangonyctoid ( +type +9) + +. Antenna 1 shorter than or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills dendritic; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); +carpus strongly produced along posterior margin of propodus +. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Perthia +Straškraba, 1964 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Temperate +Australia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE16FFA1FF0BFB1EFDB3B4CA.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE16FFA1FF0BFB1EFDB3B4CA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bea2d1d0284 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE16FFA1FF0BFB1EFDB3B4CA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Paramelitidae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Paramelita +Schellenberg, 1926 + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round, ovoid or reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli crangonyctoid ( +type +9) + +. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, stalked (without proximal restriction) or not stalked; sternal gills present or sternal gills absent, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with or with multiple slender setae across the somite +. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. +Telson deeply cleft +, +moderately cleft +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean and hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Antipodeus +Williams & Barnard, 1988 + +; + +Aquadulcaris +Stewart & Griffiths, 1995 + +; + +Austrocrangonyx +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1984; + +Austrogammarus +Barnard + +& Karaman, 1984; + +Chydaekata +Bradbury, 2000 + +; + +Hurleya +Straškraba, 1966 + +; + +Kruptus +Finston, Johnson & Knott, 2008 + +; + +Mathamelita +Stewart & Griffiths, 1995 + +; + +Molina +Bradbury, 2000 + +; + +Paramelita +Schellenberg, 1926 + +; + +Pilbarus +Bradbury & Williams, 1997 + +; + +Protocrangonyx +Nicholls, 1926 + +; + +Totgammarus +Bradbury & Williams, 1995 + +; + +Toulrabia +Barnard & Williams, 1995 + +. +Distribution. +Australia +, +South Africa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE16FFA2FF0BFEB7FDC2B138.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE16FFA2FF0BFEB7FDC2B138.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6d4de17394f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE16FFA2FF0BFEB7FDC2B138.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Paracrangonyctidae Bousfield, 1983 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Paracrangonyx +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical or vermiform. Eyes absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose or without setae; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, stalked (without proximal restriction) or not stalked; +sternal gills present +, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); +similar in size to gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous or uniramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson notched +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Paracrangonyx +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + + + +Distribution. +New Zealand +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE17FFA2FF0BFB76FE2EB451.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE17FFA2FF0BFB76FE2EB451.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a8cd6efa031 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE17FFA2FF0BFB76FE2EB451.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Niphargidae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Niphargus +Schiödte, 1849 + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed, subcylindrical or vermiform. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. +Labium inner lobes present +. +Coxal gills +number and sequence [not known], +stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; +sternal gills absent +; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae or without dorsal setae. +Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae +. Uropod 3 biramous or uniramous, with plumose setae or without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft +or +moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Carinurella +Sket, 1971 + +; + +Foroniphargus +G. Karaman, 1985b + +; + +Haploginglymus +Mateus & Mateus, 1958 + +; + +Microniphargus +Schellenberg, 1934 + +; + +Niphargellus +Schellenberg, 1938 + +; + +Niphargobates +Sket, 1981 + +; + +Niphargopsis +Chevreux, 1922 + +; + +Niphargus +Schiödte, 1849 + +; + +Pontoniphargus +Dancau, 1970 + +. +Distribution. +Palaearctic. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE18FFACFF0BFB1EFE04B2BF.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE18FFACFF0BFB1EFE04B2BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c1796c43a5c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE18FFACFF0BFB1EFE04B2BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Typhlogammaridae Bousfield, 1978 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Typhlogammarus +Schaferna, 1907 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–7, +stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; +sternal gills absent +; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5 +. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod or subequal to exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Accubogammarus +G. Karaman, 1974 + +; + +Anopogammarus +Derzhavin, 1945 + +; + +Metohia +Absolon, 1927 + +; + +Typhlogammarus +Schaferna, 1907 + +; + +Zenkevitchia +Birstein, 1940 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Eurasia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE18FFACFF0BFE9BFE07B138.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE18FFACFF0BFE9BFE07B138.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..11ed773cf0c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE18FFACFF0BFE9BFE07B138.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Sensonatoridae Lowry & Myers, 2012 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Sensonator +Notenboom, 1986 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1) + +. +Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–5, +stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. +Telson deeply cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Sensonator +Notenboom, 1986 + +. + + + + +Remarks +. Based on the presence of gammarid +type +1 calceoli, stalked coxal gills and antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2, sensonatorids appear to be most similar to gammarid amphipods. + + + + +Distribution. +Europe. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE19FFACFF0BFB17FE04B5BA.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE19FFACFF0BFB17FE04B5BA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37168870045 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE19FFACFF0BFB17FE04B5BA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pontogammaridae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Pontogammarus +Sowinsky, 1904 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, ovoid or reniform. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum +long or short +. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. +Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae +. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae or without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod or subequal to exopod or longer than exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Compactogammarus +Stock, 1974 + +; + +Euxinia +Tucolesco, 1933 + +; + +Niphargogammarus +Birstein, 1945 + +; + +Niphargoides +Sars, 1894 + +a; + +Obesogammarus +Stock, 1974 + +; + +Pandorites +Sars, 1895 + +a; + +Paraniphargoides +Stock, 1974 + +; + +Pontogammarus +Sowinsky, 1904 + +; + +Stenogammarus +( +Stenogammarus +) Martynov, 1924 + +a; + +Stenogammarus +( +Wolgagammarus +) Stock, 1974 + +; + +Turcogammarus + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Uroniphargoides +Stock, 1974 + +. +Distribution. +Eurasia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1AFFADFF0BF8DEFC18B131.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1AFFADFF0BF8DEFC18B131.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..46bb9e58d7c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1AFFADFF0BF8DEFC18B131.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Phreatogammaridae Bousfield, 1983 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Phreatogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical or vermiform. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–6, +stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; sternal gills present or sternal gills absent, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe or without lobes. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with multiple small robust setae across the somite +. Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae or without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater or brackish, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Caledonietta +Iannilli & Ruffo, 2007 + +; + +Phreatogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Ruffia +Bréhier, Vonk & Jaume, 2010 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Bousfield (1982a) used the family name +Phreatogammaridae +without a diagnosis or +type +species designation. Bousfield (1983: 268, 274) referred to the family name with formal diagnosis and included genera. Since then it has been listed by Barnard & Karaman (1991: 4) incorrectly attributing authorship to Bousfield (1982d); to Bousfield & Shih (1994: 128, table 3) without authorship attribution and to Martin & Davis (2001: 67) with authorship attributed to Bousfield, 1982, but three Bousfield (1982) papers are cited in the references). More recently Chapman (2003) attributed authorship to Bousfield (1982), but no citation in references and Chapman (2004) also attributed authorship to Bousfield (1982), but cited reference as Bousfield (1983)) and Bréhier, Vonk & Jaume, 2010: 504 attributed authorship of the +Phreatogammaridae +to Bousfield (1982a). In our opinion the name +Phreatogammaridae +of Bousfield (1982a) is a +nomen nudum +. Although Bousfield (1983) did not specifically designate +Phreatogammaridae +as a new family he provided a diagnosis, a +type +genus and included genus. We therefore attribute authorship of the family to Bousfield (1983). + + + + +Distribution. +New Caledonia +, +New Zealand +, southern South +America +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1AFFAEFF0BFD57FCE4B3F8.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1AFFAEFF0BFD57FCE4B3F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f1372a76e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1AFFAEFF0BFD57FCE4B3F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Paraleptamphopidae Bousfield, 1983 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Paraleptamphopus +Stebbing, 1899 + +a. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli pontogeneiid ( +type +4) + +. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. +Telson emarginate +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean. + + +Included genera. + +Paraleptamphopus +Stebbing, 1899 + +a; + +Ringanui +Fenwick, 2006 + +; + +Rudolphia +Grosso & Peralta, 2009 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Bousfield (1983: 267, 272) established the “ + +Paraleptamphopus + +family group”. In the Appendix on page 273 he formally set out a diagnosis and +type +genus for this group, but without using a formal family name. Since then it has been listed by Barnard & Karaman (1991: 4) attributing authorship to Bousfield (1983); Bousfield & Shih (1994: 128) without authorship attribution and Martin & Davis (2001: 67) with authorship attributed to Bousfield, 1983). More recently Fenwick (2006) and Grosso & Peralata (2009) both attributed authorship of the +Paraleptamphopidae +to Bousfield (1983) when describing new genera in the family. We also attribute authorship of the family to Bousfield (1983) and recommend acceptance of the current status. + + + + +Distribution. +New Zealand +, southern South +America +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1BFFAEFF0BF987FE3FB771.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1BFFAEFF0BF987FE3FB771.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..09687bbd159 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1BFFAEFF0BF987FE3FB771.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pallaseidae Takhteev, 2000 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Pallasea +Bate, 1862 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, ovoid or reniform. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 slightly longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar present; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–7, not stalked; +sternal gills absent +; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; +coxa with small anteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae; endopod shorter than exopod. + +Telson emarginate + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; +apical robust setae absent +. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Babr +Kamaltynov & Väinölä, 2001 + +; + +Burchania +Takhteev, 2000 + +; + +Hakonboeckia +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Homalogammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +; + +Pallasea +Bate, 1862 + +; +Pallasaeopsis +Kamaltynov & Väinölä, 2001; + +Pentagonurus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Propachygammarus +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Lake Baikal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1BFFAFFF0BFD26FE32B34B.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1BFFAFFF0BFD26FE32B34B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..34a36c50db5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1BFFAFFF0BFD26FE32B34B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pachyschesidae Kamaltynov, 1999 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Pachyschesis +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, poorly developed or absent, if present then round, ovoid, reniform, ventrally tapered or subrectangular. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe +. +Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6 +; coxa with large or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites +1–3 free; +with slender or robust dorsal setae +. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae; +endopod shorter than exopod +. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Pachyschesis +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Lake Baikal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1CFFA8FF0BFD26FDC3B303.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1CFFA8FF0BFD26FDC3B303.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24b88284276 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1CFFA8FF0BFD26FDC3B303.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Mesogammaridae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Mesogammarus +Tzvetkova, 1965 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then ovoid or reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1) + +. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; +propodus palm with row or rows of simple or bifid robust setae along palmar margin +. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe or with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae. Uropod 1 with or without 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute, shorter than or subequal to exopod. + +Telson moderately cleft +or +notched + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, intertidal epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Mesogammarus +Tzvetkova, 1965 + +; + +Paramesogammarus +Bousfield, 1979 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +North Pacific. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1CFFAFFF0BF97FFE32B781.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1CFFAFFF0BF97FFE32B781.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7210ec7b8d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1CFFAFFF0BF97FFE32B781.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Micruropodidae Kamaltynov, 1999 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Micruropus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, ovoid or reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1) + +. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar [not known]; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 endopod [not known]; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 [not known]. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with small anteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5 +. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 sexually dimorphic or not; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod. +Telson deeply cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included subfamilies. +Crypturopodinae Kamaltynov, 2001 +; +Gmelinoidinae Kamaltynov, 2001 +; +Micruropodinae Kamaltynov, 2001 +. + + +Crypturopodinae +includes 2 genera: + +Crypturopus +Sowinsky, 1915 + +; + +Homocerisca +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + +Gmelinoidinae +includes 1 genus: + +Gmelinoides +Bazikalova, 1945 + +. + + +Micruropodinae +includes 2 genera: + +Linevichella +Kamaltynov, 2001 + +; + +Micruropus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + + + +Distribution. +Lake Baikal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA8FF0BF8EDFE30B7EA.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA8FF0BF8EDFE30B7EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..74d47e90fc9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA8FF0BF8EDFE30B7EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Macrohectopidae Sowinsky, 1915 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Macrohectopus +Stebbing, 1906 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Eyes well developed, ovoid or reniform. + +Antenna 1 subequal in length to antenna 2 +; + +peduncular article 1 shorter than article 2; article 2 shorter than article 3; +article 3 longer than article 1 +; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar present; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite [not known]; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 [not known]. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than or much longer that pereopod 5. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 biramous, with plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. + +Telson moderately cleft + +. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, pelagic planktivores. + + +Included genera. + +Macrohectopus +Stebbing, 1906 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Based on molecular evidence Macdonald +et al +. (2005) consider the macrohectopids to be a divergent part of the +Micruropodidae +. + + + + +Distribution. +Lake Baikal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA9FF0BFC0FFE68B390.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA9FF0BFC0FFE68B390.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..51392c94ba0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA9FF0BFC0FFE68B390.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Luciobliviidae Tomikawa 2007 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Lucioblivio +Tomikawa 2007 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes absent. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1) + +. +Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row (2 large setae). Labium inner lobes present. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–6, +stalked (with proximal restriction or complete suture) +; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 with pair of dorsal concavities each with 1–3 small setae (kind of). Uropod 1 with 3–4basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. +Telson moderately cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, hypogean in river beds. + + +Included genera. + +Lucioblivio +Tomikawa, 2007 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Japan +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA9FF0BFF4AFC71B633.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA9FF0BFF4AFC71B633.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7fc1a0d8e21 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1DFFA9FF0BFF4AFC71B633.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Iphigenellidae Kamaltynov, 2001 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Iphigenella +Sars, 1896 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, ovoid or reniform. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); +larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than pereopod 6 or subequal in length to pereopod 6; +coxa equilobate +. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, commensal on decapods, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Iphigenella +Sars, 1896 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Caspian, Black and Azov Seas and associated rivers. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1EFFAAFF0BFDFEFE2FB297.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1EFFAAFF0BFDFEFE2FB297.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24c85e6f8ec --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1EFFAAFF0BFDFEFE2FB297.xml @@ -0,0 +1,283 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Gammaridae Latreille, 1802 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Gammarus +J.C. Fabricius, 1775 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or subcylindrical. Eyes present, well developed or absent, round or ovoid or reniform. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarid ( +type +1) + +. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present or absent; if present short or minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. +Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6 +, stalked or not; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than, similar in size to gnathopod 2 or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm with peg-like robust setae along palmar margin, or without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not)carpus slightly produced or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed or small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3, pleonite 3 with or without dorsal carina or each with or without dorsal carina or carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; with or without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. +Urosomite 2 with multiple small robust setae across the somite +. Uropod 1 with or without 1 or 2 basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with or without plumose setae; endopod minute or shorter than exopod or subequal to exopod or longer than exopod. +Telson deeply cleft +, +moderately cleft +or +weakly cleft +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, occasionally marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. ++fossil. For species groups see Karaman & Pinkster (1977a, b; 1987). + +Akerogammarus +Derzhavin & Pjatakova, 1967 + +; + +Albanogammarus +Ruffo, 1995 + +; + +Amathillina +G.O. Sars, 1894 + +b; + +Axelboeckia +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Baku + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Cephalogammarus + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Chaetogammarus +Martynov, 1924 + +b; + +Comatogammarus +Stock, 1971 + +; + + +Condiciogammarus +G. Karaman, 1984b + +; + +Dershavinella +Birstein, 1938 + +; + +Dikerogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Echinogammarus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Fontogammarus +S. Karaman, 1931 + +; + +Gammarus +J.C. Fabricius, 1775 + +; + +Gmelina +G.O. Sars, 1894 + +b; + +Gmelinopsis +G. O. Sars, 1896 + +; + +Ilvanella +Vigna-Taglianti, 1971 + +; + + +Jubeogammarus +G. Karaman, 1984b + +; + +Jugogammarus +S. Karaman, 1953 + +; + +Kuzmelina + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Lanceogammarus + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Laurogammarus +G. Karaman, 1984a + +; + +Longigammarus +G. Karaman, 1970 + +; + +Lusigammarus +Barnard & Barnard, 1983 + +; +Marinogamamrus +Sexton & Spooner, 1940; + +Neogammarus +Ruffo, 1937 + +; + +Scytaelina +Stock, Mirzajani, Vonk, Naderi & Kiabi, 1998 + +; + +Pallasiola +Barnard & Barnard, 1983 + +; + +Pectenogammarus +Reid, 1940 + +; + +Rhipidogammarus +Stock, 1971 + +; + +Sarothrogammarus +Martynov, 1935 + +; + +Shablogammarus +Cäräuşu, Dobreanu & Manolache, 1955 + +; + +Sinogammarus + +Karaman & Ruffo, 1995; + +Sowinskya +Derzhavin, 1948 + +; + +Tadzhikistania +Barnard & Barnard, 1983 + +; + +Tadzocrangonyx + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979; + +Tyrrhenogammarus + +Karaman & Ruffo, 1989; + +Yogmelina + +Karaman & Barnard, 1979. + + + + +Remarks. +Gammarids separate from anisogammarids based on gill numbers. + + + + +Distribution. +Palaearctic. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1FFFAAFF0BFAAAFDCBB482.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1FFFAAFF0BFAAAFDCBB482.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f71c829a7e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1FFFAAFF0BFAAAFDCBB482.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Gammarellidae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Gammarellus +Herbst, 1793 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes present, well developed, reniform or subrectangular. + +Antennae 1–2 calceoli gammarellid ( +type +6) + +. +Antenna 1 shorter than or subequal in length to antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum present or absent; if present short or minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with or without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. +Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7 +, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 pleonite 3 with dorsal carina or each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 with or without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae or without plumose setae; +endopod subequal in length to exopod +. +Telson moderately cleft +, +notched +, +emarginate +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present, or absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Austroregia +J.L. Barnard, 1989 + +; + +Chosroes +Stebbing, 1888 + +; + +Gammarellus +Herbst, 1793 + +; + +Gondogeneia +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +a. + + + + +Remarks. +Generic structure according to J.L. Barnard (1989). + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1FFFABFF0BFE27FCECB064.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1FFFABFF0BFE27FCECB064.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..12811643eda --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE1FFFABFF0BFE27FCECB064.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Gammaracanthidae Bousfield, 1989 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Gammaracanthus +Bate, 1862 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum short. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite setose along medial margin or apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite with oblique setal row. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills present or absent, if present simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than, similar in size to, or larger (or stouter) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 7 shorter than pereopod 5 +. +Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae +. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, with plumose setae; endopod subequal in length to exopod. +Telson moderately cleft +or +notched +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Gammaracanthus +Bate, 1862 + +; + +Relictacanthus +Bousfield, 1989 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Northern Europe including Caspian Sea. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE30FF84FF0BFD6DFDD5B002.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE30FF84FF0BFD6DFDD5B002.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5cffef3c9aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE30FF84FF0BFD6DFDD5B002.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Carangoliopsidae Bousfield, 1977 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Carangoliopsis +Ledoyer, 1970 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical. Eyes absent. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 +longer than antenna 2; +peduncular article 1 shorter than article 2 +; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–4, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus (lobate). Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. +Uropod 1 with 1 or 2 with basofacial robust setae +. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; biramous, without plumose setae; +endopod minute +. + +Telson moderately cleft + +. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, interstitial. + + +Included genera. + +Carangoliopsis +Ledoyer, 1970 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Mediterranean. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE30FF8BFF0BFA7EFDDEB4E1.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE30FF8BFF0BFA7EFDDEB4E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..54081a4ec39 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE30FF8BFF0BFA7EFDDEB4E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Kairosidae +fam. nov. + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Kairos +Krapp-Schickel & Müller, 2011 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes present. Coxal gills number and sequence [not known], not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 coxa with small anteroventral lobe. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–2 coalesced, 3 free +; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 biramous, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Remarks. +Kairosids are similar to the endemic Mediterranean carangoliopsids. However, carangoliopsids are subcylindrical amphipods with very small, discontiguous coxae, with gnathopod 2 dissimilar in form between males and females, with the carpus of gnathopod 1 shorter than the propodus, with well developed dactyli on the pereopods, with a relatively short merus on pereopod 3 and 4, with non-coalesced urosomites, with styliform rami on uropods 1 and with a basofacial robust seta on the peduncle of uropod 1. + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + + + +Included genera. + +Kairos +Krapp-Schickel & Müller, 2011 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Society Islands. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE31FF85FF0BF98DFDFBB327.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE31FF85FF0BF98DFDFBB327.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1bd7fc8c171 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE31FF85FF0BF98DFDFBB327.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Order +Amphipoda Latreille, 1816 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE31FF85FF0BFEB7FC68B778.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE31FF85FF0BFEB7FC68B778.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ed901ee44d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE31FF85FF0BFEB7FC68B778.xml @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +The +Hadziidae + + + + +The hadziids are a clade of freshwater amphipods with a limited global distribution. Morphologically they are scarcely separable from the +Maeridae +that are a worldwide marine group. The main distingushing characters of the +Hadziidae +are the double row of robust setae along the palm of gnathopod 1 and 2 that are not present in maerids and the absence of a posteroventral lobe on coxa 4, present in maerids. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE38FFB3FF0BFD52FDCBB451.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE38FFB3FF0BFD52FDCBB451.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..60bf28fddf0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE38FFB3FF0BFD52FDCBB451.xml @@ -0,0 +1,400 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Talitridae Rafinesque, 1815 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Talitrus +Bosc, 1802 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed +. + +Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. + +Antenna 1 shorter than peduncle of antenna 2 +; + +peduncular article 1 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 subequal to, or longer than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative; palp absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present or absent, symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills [not known]; not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple or curl-tipped. Gnathopod 1 simple, subchelate or chelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate, minutely subchelate, chelate or simple; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not) carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with or small posteroventral lobe or without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe or with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +, without plumose setae. +Telson moderately cleft +to +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae present or absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Supralittoral beaches, mangrove forests and terrestrial forests. + + +Included genera. + +Africorchestia +Lowry & Coleman, 2011 + +; + +Agilestia +Friend, 1982 + +; + +Americorchestia +Bousfield, 1991 + +; + +Arcitalitrus +Hurley, 1975 + +; + +Atlantorchestoidea +Serejo, 2004 + +; + +Australorchestia +Serejo & Lowry, 2008 + +; + +Austrotroides +Friend, 1982 + +; + +Bellorchestia +Serejo & Lowry, 2008 + +; + +Bousfieldia +Chou & Lee, 1996 + +; + +Brevitalitrus +Bousfield, 1971 + +; + +Britorchestia +Lowry & Bopiah, 2012 + +; + +Caribitroides +( +Caribitroides +) Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Caribitroides +( +Mexitroides +) Lindeman, 1990 + +; + +Cariborchestia +Smith, 1998 + +; + +Cerrorchestia +Lindeman, 1990 + +; + +Chelorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Chiltonorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Chroestia +Marsden & Fenwick, 1984 + +; + +Cochinorchestia +Lowry & Peart, 2010 + +; + +Curiotalitrus +Lowry & Coleman, 2012 + +; +Dana +Lowry, 2011; + +Deshayesorchestia +Ruffo, 2004 + +; + +Eorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Floresorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Hawaiorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Kanikania +Duncan, 1994 + +; + +Keratroides +Hurley, 1975 + +; +Lanorchestia +Miyamoto & Morino, 2010; + +Macarorchestia +Stock, 1989 + +; + +Makawe +Duncan, 1994 + +; + +Megalorchestia +Brandt, 1851 + +; + +Microrchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Mysticotalitrus +Hurley, 1975 + +; + +Neorchestia +Friend, 1987 + +; + +Notorchestia +Serejo & Lowry, 2008 + +; + +Orchestia +Leach, 1814 + +; + +Orchestiella +Friend, 1987 + +; + +Orchestoidea +Nicolet, 1849 + +; + +Paciforchestia +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Palmorchestia +Stock & Martin, 1988 + +; + +Parorchestia +Stebbing 1899 + +c; + +Platorchestia +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Protaustrotroides +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Protorchestia +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Pseudorchestoidea +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Puhuruhuru +Duncan, 1994 + +; + +Sardorchestia +Ruffo, 2004 + +; + +Sinorchestia +Miyamoto & Morino, 1999 + +; + +Spelaeorchestia +Bousfield & Howarth, 1976 + +; + +Talitriator +Methuen, 1913 + +; + +Talitroides +Bonnier, 1898 + +; + +Talitrus +Bosc, 1802 + +; + +Talorchestia +Dana, 1853 + +; + +Tasmanorchestia +Friend, 1987 + +; + + +Tethorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; + +Transorchestia +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Traskorchestia +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Trinorchestia +Bousfield, 1982 + +b; + +Uhlorchestia +Bousfield, 1984 + +; +Vallorchestia +Lowry, 2012; +Vietorchestia +Thanh & Anh, 2011; + +Waematau +Duncan, 1994 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE39FF8CFF0BF91BFE38B771.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE39FF8CFF0BF91BFE38B771.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62fd09e0395 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE39FF8CFF0BF91BFE38B771.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Pleioplateidae J.L. Barnard, 1978 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Plioplateia +K.H. Barnard, 1916 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body dorsoventrally flattened +. + +Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. +Mandible +molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; +palp absent +. Maxilla 1 basal endite without setae; palps symmetrical. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +rami absent +. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Plioplateia +K.H. Barnard, 1916 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +South Africa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE39FF8DFF0BFC9EFD1BB33F.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE39FF8DFF0BFC9EFD1BB33F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4cfd434289c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE39FF8DFF0BFC9EFD1BB33F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Phliantidae Stebbing, 1899 +b + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Phlias +Guerin, 1836 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed or dorsoventrally flattened. Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. +Mandible +molar non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; +palp absent +. +Maxilla 1 +basal endite apically setose; +palp absent +, symmetrical. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae curl-tipped. Gnathopod 1 simple or subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 simple or subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. +Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe +. +Pereopod 5 subequal in length to pereopod 6 +; +coxa with large anteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free or 1–2 coalesced, 3 free or 1–3 superficially coalesced; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; uniramous or rami absent. +Telson entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Gabophlias +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +b; + +Iphinotus +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Iphiplateia +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Pariphinotus +Kunkel, 1910 + +; + +Pereionotus +Bate & Westwood, 1863 + +; + +Phlias +Guerin, 1836 + +; + +Quasimodia +Sheard, 1936 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Widespread in both hemispheres. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3AFF8DFF0BF8FAFDC2B7A2.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3AFF8DFF0BF8FAFDC2B7A2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dfbaadc581d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3AFF8DFF0BF8FAFDC2B7A2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Najnidae J.L. Barnard, 1972 +b + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Najna +Derzhavin, 1937 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 subequal in length to antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 slightly longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to, or slightly longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. +Mandible molar reduced or absent; palp absent +. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present, symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. +Coxal gills on pereopods +2–6, not stalked; +sternal gills absent +; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae curl-tipped. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); +carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus +. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 uniramous +, without plumose setae. + +Telson entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, algal dwellers, epigean. + + +Included genera +.? + + +Insula + +Kunkel, 1910 + +; + +Najna +Derzhavin, 1937 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Serejo (2004) considered this taxon as a subfamily. We re-establish it to family-level status. Najnids separate from other talitroid taxa in not having a mandibular molar and in having non-sexually dimorphic second gnathopods. + + + + +Distribution. +North Pacific. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3AFF8EFF0BFD73FDCBB394.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3AFF8EFF0BFD73FDCBB394.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9291fc3f785 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3AFF8EFF0BFD73FDCBB394.xml @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Hyalidae Bulycheva, 1957 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Hyale +Rathke, 1837 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed or poorly developed, round, ovoid, reniform, ventrally tapered or subrectangular. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 shorter than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 shorter than, subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. +Mandible +molar triturative; +palp absent +. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present or absent, symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple or fringing curl-tipped. Gnathopod 1 subchelate or parachelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus or not produced along posterior margin of propodus, not projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous or uniramous +, without plumose setae; endopod minute. + +Telson deeply +or +moderately cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included subfamilies. +Hyacheliinae +Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002; +Hyalinae Bulycheva, 1957 +. + + +Included genera. + +Apohyale +Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Hyachelia +J.L. Barnard, 1967 + +; + +Hyale +Rathke, 1837 + +; + + +Insula + +Kunkel, 1910 + +; + +Lelehua +J.L. Barnard, 1970 + +; + +Neobule +Haswell, 1879 + +a; + +Parallorchestes +Shoemaker, 1941 + +; + +Parhyale +Stebbing, 1897 + +; + +Protohyale +( +Boreohyale +) Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Protohyale +( +Diplohyale +) Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Protohyale +( +Leptohyale +) Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Protohyale +( +Protohyale +) Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Ptilohyale +Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Ruffohyale +Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +; + +Serejohyale +Bousfield & Hendrycks, 2002 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Cosmopolitan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3BFF8EFF0BF992FD48B712.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3BFF8EFF0BF992FD48B712.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..628769b5060 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3BFF8EFF0BF992FD48B712.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Hyalellidae Bulycheva, 1957 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Hyalella +S.I. Smith, 1874 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous +. Mandible molar triturative; palp absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present or absent, symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. +Coxal gills +on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills present, simple; sternal blisters absent; +oostegites fringing setae curltipped +. Gnathopod 1 similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 carpus slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus. +Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with small posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae (small) or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +, without plumose setae. +Telson entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Hyalella +( +Austrohyalella +) Bousfield, 1996 + +; + +Hyalella +( +Hyalella +) + +S.I. Smith, 1874; + +Hyalella +( +Mesohyalella +) Bousfield, 1996 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Hyalellids differ from all other talitridirans in the swollen first peduncular article of antenna 2 and the presence of a coxal gill on pereopod 7. + + + + +Distribution. +North and South +America +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3BFF8FFF0BFD2BFD1BB34C.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3BFF8FFF0BFD2BFD1BB34C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1cd07ec0865 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3BFF8FFF0BFD2BFD1BB34C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Eophliantidae Sheard, 1936 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Eophliantis +Sheard, 1936 + + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical + +. Eyes well developed, round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 +shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 shorter than or subequal to article 2; article 2 subequal to or longer than article 3; +article 3 subequal to, or longer than article 1 +; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar present, reduced or absent, if present then non-triturative or with tiny triturating patch; palp symmetrical or absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present or absent, symmetrical. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate or parachelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate or parachelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic) carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free or 1 free, 2–3 coalesced; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +rami absent +. +Telson deeply cleft +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Bircenna +Chilton, 1884 + +; + +Ceinina +Stephensen, 1933 + +b; + +Cylindryllioides +Nicholls, 1938 + +; + +Eophliantis +Sheard, 1936 + +; + +Lignophliantis +J.L. Barnard, 1969 + +b; + +Wandelia +Chevreux, 1906 + +a. + + + + +Distribution. +Widespread in both hemispheres. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3CFF88FF0BFE27FCD0B090.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3CFF88FF0BFE27FCD0B090.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0a048b6f7f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3CFF88FF0BFE27FCD0B090.xml @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Chiltoniidae J.L. Barnard, 1972 +b + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Chiltonia +Stebbing, 1899 + +b. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed or absent, if present then round or subrectangular. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or slightly longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 enlarged, bulbous. Mandible molar triturative; palp absent. +Maxilla 1 +basal endite apically setose; +palp absent +. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills present or sternal gills absent, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; +dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic) +; +carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus +. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with or with small posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; +coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe +. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. Uropod 3 not sexually dimorphic; uniramous or rami absent, without plumose setae. +Telson emarginate +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Included genera. + +Afrochiltonia +K.H. Barnard, 1955 + +; + +Arabunnachiltonia +King, 2009 + +; + +Austrochiltonia +Hurley, 1958 + +; + +Chiltonia +Stebbing, 1899 + +b; + +Phreatochiltonia +Zeidler, 1991 + +; + +Scutachiltonia +King, 2012 + +; + +Stygochiltonia +King, 2012 + +; + +Wangiannachiltonia +King, 2009 + +; + +Yilgarniella +King, 2012 + +. + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean and hypogean. + + + + +Remarks. +The most significant differences between chiltoniids and ceinids appears to be the swollen first article on the peduncle of antenna 2 and the second gnathopods which are dissimilar between males and females in chiltoniids, but similar in ceinids. + + + + +Distribution. +Australia +, +New Zealand +, +South Africa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3CFF8FFF0BF9F6FBF2B7EA.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3CFF8FFF0BF9F6FBF2B7EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d301cba5d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3CFF8FFF0BF9F6FBF2B7EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,165 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Dogielinotidae Gurjanova, 1953 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Dogielinotus +Gurjanova, 1953 + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round, ovoid or subrectangular. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than or subequal to article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged or enlarged, bulbous. +Mandible +molar triturative; +palp absent +. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present or absent, if present symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6 or pereonites 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills present or sternal gills absent, simple; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple or fringing setae curl-tipped. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); +carpus strongly produced or slightly produced along posterior margin of propodus +. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe or with small posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with or without dorsal carinae. +Urosomites 1–3 free +; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +, without plumose setae. + +Telson weakly cleft +, +emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present or absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epifaunal. + + +Included genera +. + +Allorchestes +Dana, 1849 + +; + +Dogielinoides +Bousfield, 1982 + +c; + +Dogielinotus +Gurjanova, 1953 + +; + +Eohaustorioides +Bousfield, 1982 + +c; + +Exhyalella +Stebbing, 1917 + +; + +Haustorioides +Oldevig, 1958 + +;? + + +Insula + +Kunkel, 1910 + +; + +Marinohyalella +Lazo-Wasem & Gable, 2001 + +; + +Parhyalella +Kunkel, 1910 + +; + +Proboscinotus +Bousfield, 1982 + +c. + + + + +Distribution. +Widespread in both hemispheres. + + + + +Remarks. +Serejo (2004) divided the dogielinotids into three subfamilies: +Dogielinotinae +; Hyalellinae and Najninae. Based on our analysis each of the subfamilies is restored to family level. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3DFF88FF0BFA3FFC7BB4E1.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3DFF88FF0BFA3FFC7BB4E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd34776f686 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3DFF88FF0BFA3FFC7BB4E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Ceinidae J.L. Barnard, 1972 +a + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Ceina +Della Valle, 1893 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed +. + +Eyes well developed, round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 shorter than, subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative, non-triturative or a tiny triturating patch; palp absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp present or absent, if present symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxa gills not stalked, not stalked; +sternal gills absent +; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. +Gnathopod 1 +subchelate; +similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic) +; smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; similar or dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic or not); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posteroventral lobe or with posterodorsal lobe or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 each with dorsal carina or carinae or without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +rami absent +. +Telson moderately cleft +, +weakly cleft +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Ceina +Della Valle, 1893 + +; + +Taihape +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +b; + +Waitomo +J.L. Barnard, 1972 + +b. + + + + +Distribution. +Philippines +, +Australia +, +New Zealand +, South +America +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3DFF89FF0BFE4EFE32B11B.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3DFF89FF0BFE4EFE32B11B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..036307ed1e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3DFF89FF0BFE4EFE32B11B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Tulearidae Ledoyer, 1979 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Tulearus +Ledoyer, 1979 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum absent. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar reduced or absent; palp absent. Maxilla 1 palps symmetrical. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 subchelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. +Pereopod 5 +subequal in length to pereopod 6; +coxa without lobes +. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +. + +Telson weakly cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Tulearus +Ledoyer, 1979 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Madagascar +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3EFF89FF0BFA7EFD1EB472.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3EFF89FF0BFA7EFD1EB472.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b49fbf663f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3EFF89FF0BFA7EFD1EB472.xml @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Kuriidae J.L. Barnard, 1964 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + + +Kuria + +Walker & Scott, 1903 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or slightly longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; +accessory flagellum absent +. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturative; palp absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; + +oostegites +fringing setae curl-tipped + +. +Gnathopod 1 similar in size to gnathopod 2 +; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than or subequal in length to pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 subequal in length to, or longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free or 1–3 coalesced; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +, without plumose setae. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + + + +Included genera +. + + +Kuria + +Walker & Scott, 1903 + +; + +Micropythia +Krapp-Schickel, 1976 + +. +Distribution. +Mediterranean Sea, Arabian Sea. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3EFF8AFF0BFEB3FE3FB118.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3EFF8AFF0BFEB3FE3FB118.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bf658fb98f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3EFF8AFF0BFEB3FE3FB118.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Caspicolidae Birstein, 1945 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Caspicola +Derzhavin, 1945 + +. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body laterally compressed. Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 +subequal in length to antenna 2, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 subequal to, or longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; +accessory flagellum absent +. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. +Mandible +reduced or absent; +palp symmetrical +. Maxilla 1 inner plate apically setose; palp symmetrical. Coxal gills number and sequence not known, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 chelate; smaller (or weaker) than gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 chelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and carpus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with large anteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. +Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta +. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust seta (robust or simple). +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +uniramous +, without plumose setae. + +Telson deeply cleft + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Freshwater, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Caspicola +Birstein, 1945 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Caspian Sea. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3FFF8BFF0BFB16FBAFB2C3.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3FFF8BFF0BFB16FBAFB2C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a84d6d07504 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE3FFF8BFF0BFB16FBAFB2C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Biancolinidae J.L. Barnard, 1972 +b + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Biancolina +Della Valle, 1893 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body subcylindrical +. + +Eyes well developed, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. +Antenna 1 shorter than or subequal in length to antenna 2 +; peduncular article 1 subequal or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 subequal to article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; +accessory flagellum absent +. +Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent +. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible reduced or absent; palp absent. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palp absent. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Coxal gills [not known]; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae curl-tipped. Gnathopod 1 parachelate; similar in size to gnathopod 2; propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. Gnathopod 2 parachelate; dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 without posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa with posterodorsal lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous +; endopod shorter than exopod or subequal to exopod. +Telson weakly cleft +or +entire +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera +. + +Biancolina +Della Valle, 1893 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Widespread in warm-temperate and tropical seas (not Indian Ocean). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE67FFD3FF0BFBE0FD28B221.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE67FFD3FF0BFBE0FD28B221.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c36b28e6f86 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE67FFD3FF0BFBE0FD28B221.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Sanchoidae Lowry, 2006 + + + + + + + +Type +species. + +Sancho +Stebbing, 1887. + + +Diagnostic description. +Body dorsoventrally flattened. Eyes well developed, round or ovoid. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 subequal in length to, or longer than antenna 2; peduncular article 1 longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. +Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged +. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. Labium inner lobes vestigial or absent. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–6, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 subchelate; smaller (or weaker) than or similar in size to gnathopod 2; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); propodus palm without robust setae along palmar margin. +Gnathopod 2 +subchelate; +dissimilar in males and females (sexually dimorphic) +; carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. Pereopods 3–4 not sexually dimorphic. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous +, without plumose setae; +endopod longer than exopod +. + +Telson notched +, +emarginate +or +entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae absent. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Choroes +Stebbing, 1888 + +; +Sancho +Stebbing, 1897. + + + + +Remarks. +Sanchoids are associated with sponges (Lowry & Barnard 2001). + + + + +Distribution. +South-eastern +Australia +(endemic). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE67FFD3FF0BFF03FB52B6A4.xml b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE67FFD3FF0BFF03FB52B6A4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..098b8409a4a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4A/CE/164ACE3FBE67FFD3FF0BFF03FB52B6A4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +A Phylogeny and Classification of the Senticaudata subord. nov. (Crustacea: Amphipoda) + + + +Author + +Myers, A + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3610 + + +1 + + +1 +80 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3610.1.1 +126b5f67-71bb-46e4-874c-7f8864ea8cd1 +1175-5326 +283309 +AA71AC2D-C7BF-43AE-9E25-29A5EC843B89 + + + + + + +Iciliidae Dana, 1849 + + + + + + + +Type +genus. + + +Icilius +Dana, 1849 + +. + + + +Diagnostic description. +Body dorsoventrally flattened +. + +Eyes present, well developed, bulging, round. Antennae 1–2 calceoli absent. Antenna 1 shorter than or subequal in length to antenna 2; peduncular article 1 subequal to, or longer than article 2; article 2 longer than article 3; article 3 shorter than article 1; peduncular articles 1–2 not geniculate; accessory flagellum minute. Antenna 2 peduncular article 1 not enlarged. Mandible molar triturating; palp symmetrical. Maxilla 1 basal endite apically setose; palps symmetrical. Maxilla 2 basal endite without oblique setal row. +Labium inner lobes present +. Coxal gills on pereopods 2–7, not stalked; sternal gills absent; sternal blisters absent; oostegites fringing setae simple. Gnathopod 1 simple; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); similar in size to gnathopod 2. Gnathopod 2 simple; similar in males and females (not sexually dimorphic); carpus not produced along posterior margin of propodus, projecting between merus and propodus. +Pereopods 3–4 sexually dimorphic +. Pereopod 4 with well developed posteroventral lobe. Pereopod 5 shorter than pereopod 6; coxa equilobate or with acute posterodistal lobe. Pereopod 7 longer than pereopod 5. Pleonites 1–3 without dorsal carinae. Urosomites 1–3 free; without slender or robust dorsal setae. Urosomite 1 without large distoventral robust seta. Urosomite 2 without dorsal setae. Uropod 1 without basofacial robust setae. +Uropod 3 +not sexually dimorphic; +biramous +; endopod longer than exopod. + +Telson entire + +; dorsal or lateral robust setae absent; apical robust setae present. + + + + +Habitat. +Marine, epigean. + + +Included genera. + +Icilius +Dana, 1849 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Iciliids are suspension feeders associated with sponges (Watson +et al +. 2004). + + + + +Distribution. +Eastern +Australia +, +New Caledonia +, Kalimantan and the South +China +Sea. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/01/164B01F888B98BDB142E6305C9276DE1.xml b/data/16/4B/01/164B01F888B98BDB142E6305C9276DE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..23dd4e659e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/01/164B01F888B98BDB142E6305C9276DE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Rosaceae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292251 + +book +292251 +10.5281/zenodo.292251 +3-7643-0527-4 + + + +<subSubSection id="BC49950C159829A7361EE0D73D2D0E84" pageId="null" pageNumber="350" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="4D086C552BCAA00B5D15BCAA255E9731" pageId="null" pageNumber="350"> +<taxonomicName id="6EE9AC69240EB7328569014EB5609C4F" authority="Buser" authorityName="Buser" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Alchemilla" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="null" pageNumber="350" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rhododendrophila"> +Alchemilla +<normalizedToken id="0AFD31FCE6EA2BB87062444DCB78555B" originalValue="rhododendróphila" pageId="null" pageNumber="350">rhododendrophila</normalizedToken> +Buser +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="F2837734931CB12E4D4C516959DDB2D0" pageId="null" pageNumber="350" type="reference_group"> +<paragraph id="3A170A819F8D3C88C86DD4F5509CCD96" pageId="null" pageNumber="350"> +( +<emphasis id="6AAAB6F1B8D82C576CDDA4340F589279" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="350">keine Abbildung</emphasis> +) +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Aehnlich + +A. xanthochlora + +(Nr. 11b). +Grundstaendige +Blaetter +oberseits +blaugruen +, +kahl +, unterseits +graugruen +, +kahl oder nur auf den Hauptnerven behaart. Alle Blattstiele locker behaart; +die meisten Haare in einem Winkel von 45-90° abstehend. Stengel nur im untern Teil behaart; Haare wie an den Blattstielen. +Blueten +kahl. + + +Zytologische Angaben. +Keine Untersuchungen. + + +Standort. +Subalpin. +Alpenrosengebuesch +, +Fichtenwaelder +. + + +Verbreitung +( +ungenuegend +bekannt). +Suedwestlicher +Jura, +noerdliche +Kalkalpen von Savoyen bis St. Gallen und Appenzell; selten. Nach Rothmaler (1962) auch in Zentralfankreich. + + + +Bemerkungen. +A. rhododendrophila + +gleicht auch + +A. coriacea + +(Nr. 10a), wird von uns jedoch der Behaarung der Blattstiele und Stengel wegen in die Gruppe der + +A. xanthochlora + +eingeordnet. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/26/164B2600BBA0C2535276FA6EA3EE4203.xml b/data/16/4B/26/164B2600BBA0C2535276FA6EA3EE4203.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b36e2422bd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/26/164B2600BBA0C2535276FA6EA3EE4203.xml @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Alcedo +[ +gen. nov. +] + + + + +Rostrum +trigonum, crassum, rectum, longum. + + +Lingua +carnosa, brevissima, plana, acuta. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/5D/164B5D643EAA548AB200EF4F1F4DBE09.xml b/data/16/4B/5D/164B5D643EAA548AB200EF4F1F4DBE09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9c009906f17 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/5D/164B5D643EAA548AB200EF4F1F4DBE09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,289 @@ + + + +Three new species of the planthopper genus Sinonissus Wang, Shi & Bourgoin, 2018 from southwest China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Issidae) + + + +Author + +Chang, Zhi-Min + + + +Author + +Yang, Lin + + + +Author + +Long, Jian-Kun + + + +Author + +Chen, Xiang-Sheng + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +870 + + +117 +135 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.870.34417 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.870.34417 +1313-2970-870-117 +5ED113C7E9AF44BAAE8E8D0103FC5272 + + + + +Sinonissus daozhenensis Chang & Chen +sp. nov. +Figs 3 +, +4 +, +13-22 +, +23-31 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype: ♂, China: Guizhou, Daozhen County, Sanqiao Town ( +29°03'N +, +107°30'E +, 1300-1600 m), 22-24 May 2004, B Zhang and P Xu leg.; paratypes: 3♀♀, same data as holotype; 1♂, Guizhou, Daozhen County, Sanqiao Town ( +29°03'N +, +107°30'E +, 1500 m), 23 May 2004, X-S Chen leg.; 2♀♀, Guizhou, Daozhen County, Dashahe National Nature Reserve ( +26°38'N +, +108°03'E +, 600-700 m), 25-27 May 2004, B Zhang and P Xu leg.; 1♀, Guizhou, Daozhen County, Sanqiao Town ( +29°03'N +, +107°30'E +, 600-900 m), 16 Sept. 2005, Q-Z Song leg.. + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species is similar to + +S. brunetus + +, but it differs from the latter by phallobase with ventral lobe with lobe-like process near middle in lateral view ( +Fig. 21 +: a); aedeagus with long flexuous process near middle in lateral view ( +Fig. 21 +: b); posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX with median field with symmetrical ear-shaped prominences ( +Fig. 28 +). + + + +Description. +Body length: male 3.85-4.04 mm, female 4.14-4.4 mm. Forewing: male 3.27-3.33 mm, female 3.38-3.54 mm. + +Coloration. +General color brown ( +Figs 3 +, +4 +). Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum ( +Fig. 13 +) yellow brown. Eyes brown to black ( +Fig. 14 +). Forewings ( +Fig. 3 +) pale brown, longitudinal veins pale brown, transverse veins pale white. Hindwings brownish black. Legs yellow brown, with tips of spines on hind tibiae and tarsi black. + + +Head and thorax. +Head ( +Fig. 13 +) including eyes slightly narrower than pronotum (0.80: 1.00). Vertex ( +Fig. 13 +) shorter in middle than the wide at base (1.00: 2.52). Frons ( +Fig. 15 +) longer in midline than the widest breath (1.15: 1.00), median carina with the apical margin straight, nearly reaching to frontoclypeal suture. Clypeus ( +Fig. 15 +) triangular, with distinct median carina. Pronotum ( +Fig. 13 +) with median carina obscure, lateral carina reaching to the posterior margin. Mesonotum ( +Fig. 13 +) triangular, with median carina obscure. Forewings ( +Fig. 16 +) elongate, 1.67 times as long as maximum breadth. Hindwings ( +Fig. 17 +) reduced, small, with one vein. Hind tibiae each with two lateral spines, spinal formula of hind leg (8-9) +-(8-9)- +2. + + +Male genitalia. +Anal tube ( +Fig. 19 +) irregularly pentagonal in dorsal view, the widest in apical 1/3, longer in midline than the width (1.49: 1.00). Anal style ( +Fig. 19 +) sturdy and long, located at the base 1/3 of anal tube. Pygofer ( +Fig. 18 +) with dorsal margin slightly narrow than ventral margin, posterior margin convex in middle. Genital styles ( +Fig. 18 +) relatively rectangular, dorsal margin and ventral margin nearly parallel. Capitulum of genital styles relative long, irregularly triangular, neck obvious ( +Fig. 20 +). Phallobase ( +Figs 21 +, +22 +) with dorsal lobe cystiform at apical part, with stout rod-like process in apical half in lateral view; lateral lobe splitting into two stout branches; ventral lobe with one lobe-like process near middle in lateral view ( +Fig. 21 +: a), in ventral view, looking like three obvious lobes ( +Fig. 22 +: a), short, the apical margin arced convexly, reaching to 2/3 of dorsal lobe. Aedeagus with long flexuous process at middle in lateral view ( +Figs 21 +: b, 22: b). + + +Female genitalia +( +Figs 23-31 +). Anal tube ( +Fig. 26 +) nearly oval, longer in middle than the widest breadth (1.61: 1.00), the apical margin arced, with unobvious membranous triangular protuberance, the widest at the basal 1/2. Anal style long, located at the basal 1/4 of anal tube ( +Fig. 26 +). Anterior connective lamina of gonapophysis VIII with obviously sclerous triangular process in basal dorsal margin, with three lateral teeth bearing three keels in lateral group and three apical teeth ( +Fig. 27 +). Posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX ( +Figs 28 +, +29 +) relative broad, median field symmetrical, with two ear-shaped prominences (medial dorsal process) ( +Fig. 28 +); ventroposterior lobes bent at obtuse angle (posterior ventral lobes) ( +Fig. 29 +). Gonoplacs ( +Fig. 30 +) without keels. Hind margin of sternum VII median slightly concaved in ventral view ( +Fig. 31 +). + + + +Figures 23-31. Female genitalia. + +Sinonissus daozhenensis + +Chang & Chen, sp. nov. +23 +dorsal view +24 +lateral view +25 +ventral view +26 +anal segment, dorsal view +27 +anterior connective lamina of gonapophysis VIII, lateral view +28 +posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX, dorsal view +29 +posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX, lateral view +30 +gonoplacs, lateral view +31 +sternum VII, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: lf, lateral field of posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX; mdp, medial dorsal process; mf, medial field of posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX; pvd, posterior ventral lobes; slf, sublateral field of posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX. + + + + +Figures 32-41. + +Sinonissus hamulatus + +Chang & Chen, sp. nov. +32 +head and thorax, dorsal view +33 +head and thorax, lateral view +34 +head, ventral view +35 +forewing +35 +male genitalia, lateral view +37 +anal segment, dorsal view +38 +genital styles, lateral view +39 +capitulum of genital styles, ventral view +40 +phallobase and aedeagus, lateral view +41 +phallobase and aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: a, finger-like cystiform process; b, curved rod-like process; c, short hooked process. + + + + +Etymology. +The new species is named for its collecting location in the Daozhen County (Guizhou Province). + + +Host plant. + +Bamboo ( + +Qiongzhuea communis + +Hsueh & Yi). + + + +Distribution. +China (Guizhou). + + +Remark. + +This species is similar to + +S. brunetus + +, but it differs from the latter by: 1) the width of vertex ( +Fig. 13 +) as long as 2.52 times in middle line; 2) phallobase with ventral lobe with lobe-like process near middle in lateral view, in ventral view ventral lobe tree lobes ( +Figs 21 +, +22 +); 3) aedeagus with long flexuous process near middle in lateral view ( +Fig. 21 +); 4) female genitalia with posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX with median field with symmetrical ear-shaped prominences ( +Fig. 28 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C09FFB9FEF1FD0D0A9535D5.xml b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C09FFB9FEF1FD0D0A9535D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fba1e126601 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C09FFB9FEF1FD0D0A9535D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,596 @@ + + + +Révision du genre Parathranites Miers, 1886 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) + + + +Author + +Crosnier, Alain +Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) crosnier @ mnhn. fr .. +crosnier@mnhn.fr + +text + + +Zoosystema + + +2002 + +24 + + +4 + + +799 +825 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.4524979 +1638-9387 +4524979 + + + + + + +Parathranites ponens + +n. sp. + + + + + +( +Figs 4G +; +7B +; +8F +; +10B +) + + + + + + +Parathranites orientalis +– + + +Rathbun 1911: 204 + +. — + +Stephenson 1972a: 130 + +[ +non +Miers 1886 +]. + + + +MATÉRIEL TYPE. — Le mâle dont la carapace mesure 15,7 +× +22,3 mm +(MNHN-B 28449), récolté lors de la station CP 177 de la campagne MD 32, est l’holotype. Les autres spécimens récoltés à l’île de +la Réunion +(MNHN-B 8808, 8810, 8811, 8815, 27759) sont les +paratypes +. + + + + +LOCALITÉ +TYPE +. — Île de +la Réunion +, +21°01,4’S +, +55°10,3’E +, + +185- +210 m + +. + + +ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Participe présent du verbe latin +pono +, signifiant couchant pour rappeler que cette espèce n’a été trouvée que dans la partie ouest de l’Indo- Pacifique. + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — +Chagos Archipelago. +Sealark +, Salomon, +110-219 m +, +3.VII.1905 +, +1 ♀ +12,7 +× +18,5 mm +(USNM 41075) (cité par +Rathbun 1911 +). + + + + + + +Île Maurice +. + +Au +large + +de +Tombeau + +bay, + +377 m + +, sable et corail, + +26.IX.1929 + +, +Th. Mortensen +leg., 1 Ƌ 6,9 +× +9,6 mm +( +ZMUC-CRU 3684 +). — +N de Port Louis +, + +245 m + +, vase et corail, + +6.XI.1929 + +, +Th. Mortensen +leg., 1 Ƌ 9,5 +× +13,2 mm + +; + +2 ♀♀ +16,5 +× +23,1 mm +et abîmée ( +ZMUC-CRU 3683 +) (cité par +Stephenson 1972a +) + +. + + +Île de + + +la Réunion +. + +MD 32, stn CP 55, +21°05,3’S +, +55°12,5’E +, + +97-110 m + +, + +22.VIII.1983 + +, +1 ♀ +12,9 +× +18,4 mm + +; + +1 ♀ +ov. 12,2 +× +17,2 mm +( +MNHN-B 8810 +). — +Stn +CP 57, +21°04,5’S +, +55°11,0’E +, + +210- 227 m + +, + +22.VIII.1983 + +, +1 juv. + +; 2 Ƌ Ƌ 9,3 +× +12,2 mm +et 15,4 +× +22,2 mm +; +5 ♀♀ +12,0 +× +16,9 mm +à 15,8 +× +22,2 mm +; + +plus reste d’un spécimen ( +MNHN-B 8815 +) + +; + +1 Ƌ 15,6 +× +21,7 mm +( +MNHN-B 27759 +). — +Stn +DC 176, +21°01,7’S +, +55°10,6’E +, + +165-195 m + +, + +8.IX.1983 + +, +1 ♀ +13,1 +× +18,2 mm +( +MNHN-B 8808 +). — +Stn +CP 177, +21°01,4’S +, +55°10,3’E +, + +185-210 m + +, + +8.IX.1983 + +, 2 Ƌ Ƌ 15,7 +× +22,3 mm +( +MNHN-B 28449 +) et 16,1 +× +23,3 mm +( +MNHN-B 8811 +) + +. + + +DIAGNOSE. — Rapport largeur (dernières dents antérolatérales incluses)/longueur de la carapace compris entre 1,39 et 1,45. Face dorsale de la carapace couverte sur presque toute sa surface de granules denses, de taille relativement homogène et moyenne ( +Fig. 4G +). Région cardiaque de la carapace pourvue d’un tubercule postérieur. Dent orbitaire externe entière. Premiers pléopodes mâles régulièrement recourbés sur leurs deux tiers basaux puis devenant droits ou très légèrement sinueux dans leur tiers distal ( +Fig. 10B +). + + +DISTRIBUTION. — Chagos, île +Maurice +, île de +la Réunion +, récolté lors d’un trait à +97-110 m +et un autre à + +377 m +. + + +REMARQUES + +Ces spécimens sont proches de + +P. tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +par la présence d’un tubercule postérieur sur la région cardiaque et par le rapport l/L de la carapace compris entre 1,39 et 1,45, mais ils en diffèrent par la granulation de la carapace plus fine (rappelant celle de + +P. granosus + +n. sp. +) et aussi par le premier pléopode mâle droit et même légèrement sinueux dans sa partie distale (rappelant celui de + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +). Les dents du front, alors qu’elles sont fines et avec les médianes plus proches l’une de l’autre que des latérales chez + +P. tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +, sont un peu plus massives et assez régulièrement espacées entre elles chez + +P. ponens + +n. sp. + + +Si ces spécimens rappellent + +P. granosus + +n. sp. +par la granulation de la carapace, ils en diffèrent par l’absence d’un tubercule postérieur sur la région cardiaque et par un rapport l/L de la carapace plus grand (1,39-1,45 au lieu de 1,35-1,40), ceci traduisant un allongement des cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace. Par ailleurs, les premiers pléopodes mâles sont très régulièrement recourbés sur toute leur longueur chez + +P. granosus + +n. sp. +contrairement à ce qui est observé chez + +P. ponens + +n. sp. + + +Les premiers pléopodes mâles de + +P. ponens + +n. sp. +sont du même +type +que ceux de + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +, il en est de même des dents du front. Mais chez + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +(de même que chez + +P. intermedius + +n. sp. +), les cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace sont beaucoup plus allongées et la granulation de la carapace plus hétérogène. + + + +Parathranites intermedius + +n. sp. +( +Figs 4F +; +5B +; +8C +; +11B +) + + +MATÉRIEL TYPE. — Le mâle dont la carapace mesure 18,3 +× +28,0 mm ( +MNHN-B +28443), récolté lors de la station CP 84 de la campagne BIOCAL, est l’holotype. Les autres spécimens mentionnés dans le chapitre Matériel examiné sont les +paratypes +. + + +LOCALITÉ +TYPE +. — +Nouvelle-Calédonie +(ride de Norfolk), +20°43’S +, +167°01’E +, +150-210 m +(BIOCAL, stn CP 84). + + +ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du latin + +intermedius + +, intermédiaire, pour rappeler combien cette espèce est proche de plusieurs des autres espèces décrites dans ce travail. + + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — + +Nouvelle-Calédonie +. + +BIO- CAL, stn CP 84, +20°43’S +, +167°01’E +, + +150-210 m + +, + +6.IX.1985 + +, 1 Ƌ 18,3 +× +28,0 mm ( +MNHN-B 28443 +) + +; +1 juv. +; 2 Ƌ Ƌ abîmé et 21,2 +× +33 mm +; + +1 ♀ +abîmée ( +MNHN-B 27758 +) + +. + + +HALIPRO 1, stn CP 855, +21°44,174’S +, +166°35,354’E +, +204-220 m +, +20.III.1994 +, +1 ♀ +14,2 +× +21,5 mm +( +MNHN-B +28440). + + +LITHIST, stn CC 18, +23°40,1’S +, +168°00,2’E +, +231- 285 m +, +12.VIII.1999 +, 1 Ƌ 17,6 +× +27,3 mm +; + +1 ♀ +14,6 +× +22,4 mm +( +MNHN-B 28439 +) + +. + + +NORFOLK 1, stn CP 1676, +24°43’S +, +168°09’E +, +227- 232 m +, +22.VI.2001 +, +1 ♀ +15,1 +× +23,4 mm +( +MNHN-B +28441). + + +DIAGNOSE. — Rapport largeur (dernières dents antérolatérales incluses)/longueur de la carapace presque toujours compris entre 1,50 et 1,55. Face dorsale de la carapace couverte sur presque toute sa surface de granules denses, de taille relativement homogène et moyenne ( +Fig. 4F +). Région cardiaque de la carapace pourvu d’un tubercule postérieur. Dent orbitaire externe entière. Premiers pléopodes mâles régulièrement recourbés sur toute leur longueur. + + +DISTRIBUTION. — +Nouvelle-Calédonie +, sur la ride de Norfolk, récolté lors de traits entre 150-210 et + +231- +285 m + +. + +REMARQUES + +Cette espèce est très proche de celles précédemment décrites dans ce travail. Elle se différencie de + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +par: + +– la granulation de la carapace qui est plus homogène et formée de granules un peu plus gros; +– les cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace très légèrement plus courtes, d’où un rapport l/L ne dépassant pas 1,55; +– les premiers pléopodes mâles qui sont fortement recourbés sur toute leur longueur (et non droits et même légèrement sinueux dans leur partie distale). + +Elle partage avec + +P. granosus + +n. sp. +des granulations de la carapace très proches. Elle diffère toutefois de cette espèce par: + +– la présence d’un tubercule médian sur la partie postérieure de la zone cardiaque; + +– les cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace ainsi que les dents des extrémités du bord postérieur de la carapace nettement plus longues. Enfin elle se différencie de + +P. tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +par les granules de la carapace plus fins et plus homogènes les cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace ainsi que les dents des extrémités du bord postérieur de la carapace plus longues. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C0AFFBCFCCDFD6D0FEA34F4.xml b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C0AFFBCFCCDFD6D0FEA34F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..81b4fa1a2af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C0AFFBCFCCDFD6D0FEA34F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,440 @@ + + + +Révision du genre Parathranites Miers, 1886 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) + + + +Author + +Crosnier, Alain +Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) crosnier @ mnhn. fr .. +crosnier@mnhn.fr + +text + + +Zoosystema + + +2002 + +24 + + +4 + + +799 +825 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.4524979 +1638-9387 +4524979 + + + + + + +Parathranites +aff. +intermedius + + + + + + +( +Fig. 8B +) + + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — + +Île Futuna +. + +MUSORSTOM 7, stn CP 515, +14°13,5’S +, +178°10,3’W +, + +224-252 m + +, + +12.V.1992 + +, +1 juv. + +; + +1 Ƌ 9,9 +× +16,0 mm ( +MNHN-B 28442 +). — +Stn CP +517, +14°13,4’S +, +178°10,4’W +, + +233- 235 m + +, + +12.V.1992 + +, 1 Ƌ 13,1 +× +22,7 mm +( +MNHN-B 27757 +) + +. + + +Ces spécimens ont la région cardiaque de la carapace qui porte un granule postérieur très net. Par ailleurs, ils présentent un grand développement des cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace (l/L égal à 1,73 chez le plus grand mâle, à 1,61 chez le plus petit). Ces caractères, de même que la forme et la disposition des dents frontales, font penser à + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +Mais la granulation de la carapace nettement plus dense et homogène que chez les spécimens des Marquises et le premier pléopode mâle régulièrement recourbé sur toute sa longueur s’opposent à une telle identification. + + +On remarquera ( +Fig. 8B +) que les cinquièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace, chez le plus grand mâle, outre qu’elles sont très développées, sont pratiquement droites et non légèrement recourbées vers l’avant comme chez + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +En outre, chez ce même spécimen, on observe un développement particulier de tout ce qui est dent épineuse; la dent interne du carpe, en particulier, s’étend jusqu’aux neuf dixièmes de la longueur de la face supérieure de la paume (contre les deux tiers chez + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +); les dents des extrémités du bord postérieur de la carapace sont également particulièrement développées. + + + +FIG. 8. — Dents antérolatérales de la carapace; +A +, + +Parathranites tuberosus + +n. sp. +, îles Marquises (Ua Pou), MUSORSTOM 9, stn CP 1238, 9°41,4’S, 139°03,8’W, 280-370 m, Ƌ holotype 16,2 +× +25,8 mm (MNHN-B 27755); +B +, + +Parathranites +aff. +intermedius + +, île Futuna, MUSORSTOM 7, stn CP 517, 14°13,4’S, 178°10,4’W, 233-235 m, Ƌ 13,1 +× +22,7 mm (MNHN-B 27757, en partie); +C +, + +Parathranites intermedius + +n. sp. +, Nouvelle-Calédonie, BIOCAL, stn CP 84, 20°43’S, 167°01’E, 150-210 m, Ƌ holotype 18,3 +× +28,0 mm (MNHN-B 28443); +D +, +E +, + +Parathranites tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +, Philippines, Bohol, île Balicasag; +D +, Ƌ holotype 22,2 +× +31,0 mm (ZRC 2001.341); +E +, ♀ paratype 19,4 +× +28,2 mm (ZRC 2001.338); +F +, + +Parathranites ponens + +n. sp. +, La Réunion, MD 32, stn CP 177, 21°01,4’S, 55°10,3’E, 185-210 m, Ƌ holotype 15,7 +× +22,3 mm (MNHN-B 28449). Échelles: 3 mm. + + + +Ce n’est que lorsque d’autres spécimens adultes auront été capturés qu’il sera possible, à notre avis, de prendre une décision bien motivée sur ce taxon. Actuellement, considérant la granulation de la carapace, le développement des dents épineuses et la forme des premiers pléopodes mâles, c’est finalement de + +P. intermedius + +n. sp. +qu’il nous paraît le plus proche. + + + + + +Parathranites hexagonum +Rathbun, 1906 + +( +Figs 9A +; +10C, D +) + + + + + +Parathranites hexagonum +Rathbun, 1906: 867 + + +, pl. 12, fig. 3. — + +Edmondson 1954: 228 + +, fig. 5d. — + +Stephenson 1972b: 6 + +(clé), 24. + + + + +Non + +Parathranites hexagonum +– + + +Poupin 1996: 36 + +, pl. 17, fig. b (= + +P. parahexagonum + +n. sp. +). + + + +MATÉRIEL +TYPE +. — Le mâle mesurant 11,8 +× +21,5 mm +(USNM 29674), récolté lors de la station 3838 de l’ +Albatross +, est l’holotype. + + + + +LOCALITÉ +TYPE +. — Îles +Hawaii +, au Sud de l’île Molokai, entre 168 et +388 m +de profondeur. + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — + +Îles +Hawaii +. + +Albatross +, stn 3838, côte sud de l’île Molokai, +21°04’05”N +, +157°10’35”W +, +168-388 m +, +4.IV.1902 +, 1 Ƌ immature 11,8 +× +21,5 mm +(USNM 29674). — Stn 3982, voisinage de l’île Kauai, +73-426 m +, +10.VI.1902 +, +1 juv. +très abîmé (USNM 29675). + + +Townsend Cromwell +, cruise 33, stn 45, +20°43,6’N +, +156°52,0’W +, +205-221 m +, +12.XI.1967 +, 1 Ƌ 21,2 +× +38,5 mm +; + +1 ♀ +25,1 +× +43,6 mm +( +ZRC 2000.0544 +) + +. + + + + + +DISTRIBUTION. — +Connu +uniquement des îles +Hawaii +. A été capturé lors de pêches à + +168-388 m +, +73- 426 m +et +205-221 m + + +; il est vraisemblable que cette espèce vit surtout entre 200 et + +250 m +. + + + + +DESCRIPTION +Cette description est basée sur les trois exemplaires en bon état connus. La carapace est plus large que longue; le rapport de sa largeur (mesurée entre les extrémités des dernières dents antérolatérales) à sa longueur est compris entre 1,81 et 1,82 chez les mâles et égal à 1,74 chez la femelle. Le front est découpé en quatre dents triangulaires à sommet arrondi, équidistantes; les médianes se terminent très légèrement en avant des latérales, sont légèrement plus fines et séparées par un espace en forme de V; les latérales sont séparées des médianes par un espace moins profond que le précédent et en forme de U un peu ouvert. +Les bords antérolatéraux sont découpés chacun en cinq dents; la première (lobe orbitaire externe) est bifide; ses deux sommets sont fortement arrondis et séparés par une courbe régulière; le sommet interne est nettement en avant de l’externe; les dents 2-4 sont larges et à bord externe convexe; la deuxième est à pointe mousse et un peu plus petite que les dents 3 et 4 qui sont subégales et aiguës; les dents 2 et 3 sont dirigées vers l’avant, la quatrième, légèrement antérolatéralement; la cinquième, aiguë et assez fine, est dirigée latéralement et n’est qu’à peine recourbée vers l’avant; elle est beaucoup plus développée que les autres et a une longueur voisine du double de celle de la dent 4. Une dent spiniforme, longue et légèrement recourbée vers le haut, s’observe à chacune des extrémités du bord postérieur de la carapace. +La face dorsale de la carapace présente plusieurs tubercules dont cinq sont particulièrement gros et de tailles très voisines: un au centre de la région métagastrique, deux, côte à côte, sur la partie antérieure de la région cardiaque et un en arrière de l’extrémité interne de chaque sillon cervical. Les autres tubercules sont: un sur chaque région protogastrique, assez gros; trois, de taille fortement décroissante, sur chaque région branchiale, sur une ligne longitudinale partant du gros tubercule signalé en arrière de l’extrémité interne du sillon cervical; un, petit, sur la partie postérieure de la région cardiaque. En dehors de ces tubercules, la face dorsale porte des granules de taille assez hétérogène dont les plus gros sont assez clairsemés et répartis surtout sur la moitié antérieure de la carapace. Le bord supérieur de l’orbite présente deux fissures bien marquées; le bord inférieur se termine, du côté interne, par une dent semblable aux dents frontales médianes qu’elle dépasse légèrement. +Les antennes sont très largement en communication avec l’orbite; leur article basal est étroit et deux fois plus long que large. +Les troisièmes maxillipèdes ont un mérus dont la partie antérieure, régulièrement arrondie, dépasse nettement le point d’insertion du carpe. +Les chélipèdes sont très finement granuleux et ont un mérus dont le bord antérieur porte une forte dent aiguë, implantée un peu en deçà de son milieu, et le bord postérieur une dent, aiguë et recourbée, implantée un peu au-delà de ses quatre cinquièmes. Le carpe est armé d’une assez longue dent aiguë à son angle antéro-externe et porte une autre dent, très longue, à son angle antéro-interne; la longueur de cette dernière est égale à 0,60- 0,65 fois celle de la face supérieure de la pince; la face supéro-externe du carpe porte quatre gros tubercules dentiformes à sommet arrondi; le long de la partie basale du bord externe du carpe se trouve une courte côte terminée par une protubérance. La pince porte deux fortes côtes sur sa face supérieure, se terminant chacune par une dent aiguë; la côte interne couvre toute la longueur de la face supérieure et se termine par une dent très développée; l’externe, qui porte à sa base une dent d’une taille voisine de celle de l’extrémité et nettement plus petite que celle de la côte interne, ne couvre que les cinq sixièmes de la face supérieure de la pince; une côte longitudinale médiane s’observe sur la face externe de la pince; sur la face interne, seul un renflement longitudinal médian s’observe, tandis que sur la partie basale de la face interne on observe des embryons de marques squamiformes. Les doigts, effilés, sont de même longueur que la paume; leur bord préhensile est découpé en large dents triangulaires, basses et coupantes; le doigt mobile de la plus grosse pince porte une forte molaire à sa base; la face supérieure des doigts mobiles est fortement rainurée. + + +FIG. 9. — +A +, + +Parathranites hexagonum +Rathbun, 1906 + +, îles Hawaii, +Albatross +, stn 3838, côte sud de l’île Molokai, 21°04’05”N, 157°10’35”W, 168-388 m, Ƌ holotype 11,8 +× +21,5 mm (USNM 29674); +B +, + +Parathranites parahexagonum + +n. sp. +, archipel des Tuamotu (Vanavana), récoltes SMSRB (J. Poupin), stn 331, 20°45,7’S, 139°10,1’W, casier, 240 m, ♀ holotype 22 +× +45 mm (MNHN-B 27754). + + + + +FIG. 10. — +A +, + +Parathranites tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +, Philippines, Bohol, île Balicasag, Ƌ holotype 22,2 +× +31,0 mm (ZRC 2001.341), pléopode Ƌ 1 droit; +B +, + +Parathranites ponens + +n. sp. +, La Réunion, MD 32, stn CP 57, 21°04,5’S, 55°11,0’E, 210- 227 m, Ƌ paratype 15,6 +× +21,7 mm (MNHN-B 27759), pléopode Ƌ 1 droit; +C +, +D +, + +Parathranites hexagonum +Rathbun, 1906 + +, îles Hawaii, +Albatross +, stn 3838, côte sud de l’île Molokai, 21°04’05”N, 157°10’35”W, 168-388 m, Ƌ holotype 11,8 +× +21,5 mm (USNM 29674); +C +, abdomen; +D +, pléopode Ƌ 1 gauche. Échelles: A-C, 1 mm; D, 5 mm. + + +Les péréiopodes 2-4 sont grêles et presque glabres. Leur dactyle est légèrement plus long que le propode chez les P2 et P3, sensiblement de même longueur chez les P4. Les P2 dépassent les chélipèdes du tiers de leur dactyle environ. +Les P5 ont tous leurs articles dépourvus de dent ou d’épine. Le mérus est 2,5 fois plus long que large et le dactyle de 1,85 à 1,90 fois. Ce dernier a sa partie distale arrondie, sans pointe. + +L’abdomen mâle ( +Fig. 10C +) présente une forte carène transversale sur les segments 2 et 3. Les segments 3-5 sont soudés. Le sixième segment a ses bords latéraux très légèrement sinueux et convergents; il est de 1,7 à 1,8 fois plus large que long. Le telson est 1,2 fois plus long que large et 1,2 fois plus long que le sixième segment. + + +Le premier pléopode mâle ( +Fig. 10D +) est long, glabre, lisse (à l’exception de quelques minuscules spinules) et grêle; il est régulièrement recourbé sur toute sa longueur. Le second pléopode mâle est également grêle, lisse et glabre; il est droit et bifide à son extrémité, la branche externe étant nettement plus longue que l’interne. + + +Taille + + +Le plus grand spécimen connu est une femelle mesurant 25,1 +× +43,6 mm +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C0FFFB2FF24FC4D0D8A3575.xml b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C0FFFB2FF24FC4D0D8A3575.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..023cc44067d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C0FFFB2FF24FC4D0D8A3575.xml @@ -0,0 +1,257 @@ + + + +Révision du genre Parathranites Miers, 1886 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) + + + +Author + +Crosnier, Alain +Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) crosnier @ mnhn. fr .. +crosnier@mnhn.fr + +text + + +Zoosystema + + +2002 + +24 + + +4 + + +799 +825 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.4524979 +1638-9387 +4524979 + + + + + +Parathranites parahexagonum + +n. sp. +( +Fig. 9B +) + + + + + + +Parathranites hexagonum +– + + +Poupin 1996: 36 + +, pl. 17, fig. b [ +non +Rathbun 1906 +]. + + + +MATÉRIEL +TYPE +. — La femelle mesurant 22 +× +45 mm +(MNHN-B 27754), unique spécimen connu, est l’holotype. + + + + + +LOCALITÉ +TYPE +. — +Polynésie française + +; + +Archipel des Tuamotu +, +Vanavana +, par + +240 m + +de profondeur + +. + + +ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du Grec +para +, proche, accolé à + +hexagonum + +pour rappeler combien cette espèce est proche de celle décrite par Rathbun sous le nom d’ + +hexagonum + +. MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — +Archipel des Tuamotu. +Récoltes SMSRB, Vanavana, stn 331, +20°45,7’S +, +139°10,1’W +, casier, +240 m +, +28.X.1990 +, J. Poupin coll., +1 ♀ +22 +× +45 mm +(MNHN-B 27754). + +DIAGNOSE. — Rapport largeur (dernières dents antérolatérales incluses)/longueur de la carapace légèrement supérieur à 2. Face dorsale de la carapace couverte, sur presque toute sa surface, de granules assez gros, denses, de taille relativement homogène et moyenne. Région cardiaque de la carapace dépourvue de tubercule médian postérieur. Dent orbitaire externe subdivisée en deux. Bord antérieur du mérus des chélipèdes présentant une dent bifide. Dent de l’angle interne du carpe des chélipèdes très longue, égale à 0,9 fois celle du bord supérieur de la pince. + + + +DISTRIBUTION. — Connu uniquement des Tuamotu par +240 m +de profondeur. + +REMARQUES + +Cette espèce est très proche de + +P. hexagonum + +. Elle s’en distingue par: + +– la granulation de la face dorsale de la carapace qui est plus dense, formée de granules de taille plus homogène et s’étend sur presque toute la face, laissant ainsi moins visibles les différentes régions; + +– les protubérances des régions proto-, métagastriques, cardiaque et branchiales qui sont moins fortes; la protubérance postérieure de la région cardiaque, petite mais toutefois bien visible chez + +P. hexagonum + +, totalement absente; + +– les dents frontales externes un peu en avant des médianes (au lieu d’être un peu en arrière); +– le bord externe des dents antérolatérales 3-5 (le lobe orbitaire externe étant considéré comme la dent 1) présentant une convexité plus angulaire; – le bord antérieur du mérus des chélipèdes présentant une dent bifide (au lieu d’être simple); + +– la très longue dent de l’angle interne du carpe ayant une longueur égale à 0,9 fois celle du bord supérieur de la pince (au lieu de 0,60 à 0,65 chez + +P. hexagonum + +). + + +Avant qu’il nous ait été possible d’examiner des spécimens de + +P. hexagonum + +, nous avions pensé, comme +Poupin (1996) +, que le spécimen récolté à Vanavana était identifiable à cette espèce. + + +Par la suite nous avons pu examiner le +type +de l’espèce, un mâle, beaucoup plus petit que notre femelle. + + +Le fait que nous ne pouvions comparer, alors, que deux exemplaires qui sont de taille et de sexe différents, ne nous mettait pas dans une situation bien confortable, car il était difficile de déterminer quelles variations pouvaient être spécifiques, ou individuelles, ou en liaison avec la taille et le sexe. En particulier, il est possible que l’épine bifide du bord antérieur du mérus, observée chez l’unique spécimen de + +P. parahexagonum + +n. sp. +, soit une variation individuelle. + + + +FIG. 11. — +A +, + +Parathranites orientalis +Miers, 1886 + +, Vanuatu, MUSORSTOM 8, stn CP 1071, 15°36,63’S, 167°16,34’E, 180-191 m, ♀ ov. 12,0 +× +17,4 mm (MNHN-B 28446); +B +, + +Parathranites intermedius + +n. sp. +, Nouvelle-Calédonie, HALIPRO 1, stn CP 855, 21°44,174’S, 166°35,354’E, 204-220 m, ♀ paratype 14,2 +× +21,5 mm (MNHN-B 28440). Photos J.-L. Menou. + + + +L’examen dans un second temps, grâce au Dr Ng, de deux spécimens de + +P. hexagonum + +de même taille et l’un de même sexe que notre spécimen, a enlevé nos doutes quant au fait que nous nous trouvions devant deux espèces distinctes, la granulation de la carapace et la taille de la grande épine du carpe, en particulier, s’étant révélées constantes chez + +P. hexagonum + +. + + +Il est certain que la capture d’un mâle de + +P. parahexagonum + +n. sp. +, en permettant de découvrir la forme de l’abdomen et du premier pléopode mâles, fournira des arguments complémentaires essentiels. + + +Coloration + + +Poupin (1996 +: pl. 17, fig. a) a publié une photo en couleur de cette espèce. Elle semble très peu colorée avec seulement une bande transversale rougeâtre sur le mérus, le carpe et le propode des P2-P5, ainsi que sur la dernière dent antérolatérale de la carapace. + +REMARQUES SUR LA COLORATION + + + +DES + +PARATHRANITES + + + +En débutant ce travail, nous espérions que la coloration des + +Parathranites + +nous permettrait d’étayer nos conclusions tirées d’un examen morphologique de notre matériel et ce d’autant plus que des photos en couleur sont prises lors des campagnes faites par l’IRD. Nous avons malheureusement dû déchanter: peu des photos disponibles sont suffisamment bonnes pour être utilisées et la plupart concernent + +P. orientalis + +. + + +D’une manière générale les + +Parathranites + +présentent des péréiopodes clairs avec de larges bandes colorées transversales de teinte rougeâtre. On observe souvent une large bande, plus ou moins médiane, sur le mérus et le propode, et une autre étroite, sub-basale sur le carpe. Les dactyles sont souvent décolorés. Mais ce schéma semble très variable: les bandes varient beaucoup en largeur et en position, les dactyles peuvent être entièrement colorés. Les extrémités des doigts des chélipèdes sont le plus souvent colorées. La carapace présente également de grandes variations et ce chez des exemplaires de la même espèce capturés simultanément. Sa teinte générale est marbrée, le rouge et le blanc (ou plutôt le jaunâtre) étant disposés de manières très diverses. Souvent les zones méso- et métagastrique sont fortement décolorées, tandis que la pointe des dents antérolatérales est rouge; chez les espèces fortement granuleuses, les gros granules sont fréquemment colorés en rouge. La question devra être reprise par des examens de matériel frais et apportera, certainement, des éléments intéressants. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C11FFBAFCCCFB2D0FBD3535.xml b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C11FFBAFCCCFB2D0FBD3535.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9e49b671ea5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4B/87/164B879C1C11FFBAFCCCFB2D0FBD3535.xml @@ -0,0 +1,827 @@ + + + +Révision du genre Parathranites Miers, 1886 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) + + + +Author + +Crosnier, Alain +Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) crosnier @ mnhn. fr .. +crosnier@mnhn.fr + +text + + +Zoosystema + + +2002 + +24 + + +4 + + +799 +825 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.4524979 +1638-9387 +4524979 + + + + + + +Parathranites tuberosus + +n. sp. + + + + + +( +Figs 4D +; +5A +; +6 +; +8A +) + + +MATÉRIEL TYPE. — Le mâle mesurant 16,2 +× +25,8 mm +(MNHN-B 27755), capturé lors de la station CP 1238 de la campagne MUSORSTOM 9, est l’holotype. Les autres spécimens récoltés aux +îles Marquises +sont des +paratypes +. + + +LOCALITÉ +TYPE +. — +Îles Marquises +, île Hiva Oa, +9°41’S +, +139°04’W +, + +280- +370 m + +. + + +ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Du Latin + +tuberosus + +pour rappeler les tubercules de la carapace particulièrement nombreux (présence d’un tubercule sur la partie postérieure de la région cardiaque). + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — + +Îles Marquises +. + +Récoltes SMSRB (Service mixte de Surveillance radiologique et biologique de l’Homme et de l’Environnement des Armées), Eiao, stn D 74, +7°59,81’S +, +140°45,23’W +, dragage, +155 m +, +19.I.1991 +, J. Poupin coll., 1 Ƌ 18 +× +29 mm +(MNHN-B 28427). + + + +FIG. 3. — + +Parathranites granosus + +n. sp. +, Indonésie, îles Kai, +Challenger +, stn 192, 5°49’15”S, 132°14’15”E, 256 m; +A +, Ƌ holotype 14,5 +× +20,0 mm (NHM 1884.31.2); +B +, Ƌ paratype 11,3 +× +15,7 mm (NHM 1884.31.3). + + + + +FIG. 4. — Granulation de la carapace; +A +, +B +, + +Parathranites orientalis +Miers,1886 + +; +A +, Nouvelle-Calédonie,BATHUS 2, stn CP 737, 23°03,42’S,166°59,97’E,350-400 m,♀17,1 +× +24,2 mm (MNHN-B 27748); +B +, Madagascar, +Vauban +,chalutage 11,12°39,8’S,48°15,2’E, 375-385m,Ƌ17,7 +× +25,1mm(MNHN-B 27749); +C +, + +Parathranites granosus + +n.sp. +, Indonésie,îles Kai, +Challenger +, stn 192, 5°49’15”S, 132°14’15”E,256 m,Ƌ holotype 14,5 +× +20,0 mm(NHM 1884.31.2); +D +, + +Parathranites tuberosus + +n. sp. +, îles Marquises (Ua Pou),MU- SORSTOM9,stn CP1238,9°41,4’S,139°03,8’W,280-370m,Ƌholotype 16,2 +× +25,8 mm (MNHN-B 27755); +E +, + +Parathranites tuberogranosus + +n.sp. +,Philippines,Bohol,île Balicasag,Ƌ holotype 22,2 +× +31,0 mm (ZRC 2001.341); +F +, + +Parathranites intermedius + +n. sp. +, Nouvelle-Calédonie,BIOCAL,stn CP 84,20°43’S,167°01’E,150- 210 m,Ƌholotype18,3 +× +28,0mm(MNHN-B 28443); +G +, + +Parathranites ponens + +n.sp. +,La Réunion,MD 32,stn CP 177,21°01,4’S,55°10,3’E, 185-210 m,Ƌholotype15,7 +× +22,3mm(MNHN-B28449). + + + + +MUSORSTOM 9, +Ua Pou +, stn DW 1145, +9°19,0’S +, +140°06,3’W +, + +150-180 m + +, + +22.VIII.1997 + +, +2 juv. +dont un 5,5 +× +7,6 mm +( +MNHN-B 27756 +). — +Eiao +, stn CP 1159, +7°58,3’S +, +140°43,7’W +, + +145 m + +, + +23.VIII.1997 + +, +1 ♀ +13,8 +× +22,4 mm +( +MNHN-B 28428 +). — +Nuku Hiva +, stn DW 1164, +8°57,7’S +, +140°05,7’W +, + +170- 180 m + +, + +24.VIII.1997 + +, 1 Ƌ 7,1 +× +11,5 mm +( +MNHN- +B 28431). — +Stn +1183, +8°45,5’S +, +140°03,8’W +, + +86-120 m + +, + +26.VIII.1997 + +, 1 Ƌ 10,2 +× +16,0 mm ( +MNHN-B 28432 +). — +Hiva Oa +, stn DW 1208, +9°48,9’S +, +139°09,5’W +, + +117 m + +, + +28.VIII.1997 + +, +3 juv. + +; + +2 Ƌ Ƌ 7,2 +× +11,2 mm +et 7,3 +× +11,5 mm +( +MNHN-B 28433 +). — +Stn +DW 1218, +9°44,5’S +, +138°50,9’W +, + +125-135 m + +, + +30.VIII.1997 + +, +3 juv. + +; + +1 Ƌ abîmé ( +Lc += +10,1 mm +) ( +MNHN-B 28444 +). — +Stn +DW 1224, +9°44,6’S +, +138°51,1’W +, + +115-120 m + +, + +30.VIII.1997 + +, +1 juv. +( +MNHN-B 28445 +). — +Stn +DW 1235, +9°41,8’S +, +139°03,5’W +, + +105-285 m + +, + +31.VIII.1997 + +, +2 juv. +( +MNHN-B 28436 +). — +Stn DW +1236, 250- + +400 m + +, +1 juv. +( +MNHN-B 28437 +). — +Stn +CP 1237, +9°41,9’S +, +139°03,6’W +, + +95-305 m + +, + +31.VIII.1997 + +, +3 juv. + +; 7 Ƌ Ƌ 7,5 +× +11,6 mm +à 18,2 +× +30,2 mm +; + +5 ♀♀ +9,7 +× +16,5 mm +à 18,1 +× +28,7 mm +( +MNHN-B 28429 +). — +Stn +CP 1238, +9°41,4’S +, +139°03,8’W +, + +280- 370 m + +, + +31.VIII.1997 + +, 1 Ƌ 16,2 +× +25,8 mm +( +MNHN- +B 27755) + +; +12 juv. +; 6 Ƌ Ƌ 9,7 +× +16,0 mm à 18,0 +× +29,5 mm +; +12 ♀♀ +9,8 +× +16,0 mm à 18,0 +× +28,9 mm +; + +4 ♀ ♀ +ov. 12,5 +× +20,3 mm +à 16,2 +× +26,0 mm ( +MNHN-B 28430 +) + +. + + + + +DISTRIBUTION. — +Îles Marquises +, récolté lors de pêches à +86-120 m +et +280-370 m +de profondeur. + + + +DESCRIPTION +La carapace est plus large que longue; le rapport de sa largeur (mesurée entre les extrémités des dernières dents antérolatérales) à sa longueur est assez variable mais presque toujours compris entre 1,55 et 1,65. Le front est découpé en quatre dents triangulaires de même taille, à sommet arrondi, équidistantes les unes des autres, séparées pas des espaces en forme de U légèrement ouverts et se terminant au même niveau chez les adultes (chez les juvéniles, les médianes se terminent très légèrement en avant des latérales). +Les bords antérolatéraux sont découpés chacun en cinq dents; la première (lobe orbitaire externe) se termine en pointe peu aiguë et présente un bord externe assez fortement sinueux; les trois suivantes, toutes dirigées vers l’avant, ont un bord externe régulier et légèrement convexe (cette convexité devenant moins marquée de la dent 2 à la dent 4); la dent 2 est soit aiguë, soit à extrémité émoussée suivant les spécimens; les deux dents suivantes sont toujours très aiguës; les dents 2 et 4 sont de même taille, la dent 3 est d’une taille un peu supérieure; la cinquième dent, aiguë également, est dirigée latéralement et recourbée vers l’avant dans sa partie distale; elle est beaucoup plus développée que les autres (sa longueur est environ le double de celle de la dent 4). Une dent aiguë et recourbée vers le haut s’observe à chacune des extrémités du bord postérieur de la carapace. La face dorsale de la carapace présente plusieurs gros tubercules: au centre de la région métagastrique, un gros; sur la région cardiaque, antérieurement, deux côte à côte, plus petits que celui de la région métagastrique mais mieux marqués et, postérieurement, un tubercule médian nettement plus petit que les deux précédents mais bien net; sur les régions branchiales, sur une ligne joignant l’extrémité interne du sillon cervical à l’épine latérale du bord postérieur de la carapace, on observe trois ou quatre tubercules, de taille fortement décroissante d’avant en arrière et dont le premier est le plus gros de tous les tubercules de la carapace; enfin un tubercule, assez petit, s’observe sur chaque région protogastrique; en dehors de ces tubercules, la face dorsale est couverte d’un mélange de minuscules granules denses et de granules assez gros et épars, observés surtout sur la moitié antérieure de la carapace. +Le bord supérieur de l’orbite présente deux fissures bien marquées; le bord inférieur se termine, du côté interne, par une forte dent, peu aiguë, dont le sommet dépasse nettement le niveau de celui des dents orbitaires externes. +Les antennes sont très largement en communication avec l’orbite; leur article basal est étroit et deux fois plus long que large. +Les troisièmes maxillipèdes ont un mérus dont la partie antérieure, régulièrement arrondie, dépasse nettement le point d’insertion du carpe. +Les chélipèdes ont un mérus dont le bord antérieur porte une forte dent aiguë, implantée un peu en deçà de son milieu, et le bord postérieur une dent subdistale, aiguë et recourbée. Le carpe est armé d’une assez longue dent aiguë à son angle antéro-externe et porte une autre dent, très longue, à son angle antéro-interne; la longueur de cette dernière atteint 70 % de celle de la face supérieure de la pince; la face supérieure du carpe porte quelques tubercules, dont deux sont nettement plus gros que les autres; le long de la partie basale du bord externe du carpe se trouve une courte côte terminée par une protubérance. La pince porte deux fortes côtes sur sa face supérieure, se terminant chacune par une dent aiguë; la côte interne couvre toute la longueur de la face supérieure, l’externe, qui porte à sa base une dent d’une taille voisine de celle de l’extrémité, les cinq sixièmes seulement; une côte longitudinale médiane s’observe sur la face externe de la pince; les doigts, plutôt effilés, sont un peu plus longs que la paume; leur bord préhensile est découpé en larges dents triangulaires, basses et coupantes; le doigt mobile de la plus grosse pince porte une forte molaire à sa base; la face supérieure des doigts mobiles est fortement rainurée. + + +FIG. 5. — +A +, + +Parathranites tuberosus + +n. sp. +, îles Marquises (Ua Pou), MUSORSTOM 9, stn CP 1238, 9°41,4’S, 139°03,8’W, 280- 370 m, Ƌ holotype 16,2 +× +25,8 mm (MNHN-B 27755); +B +, + +Parathranites intermedius + +n. sp. +, Nouvelle-Calédonie, BIOCAL, stn CP 84, 20°43’S, 167°01’E, 150-210 m, Ƌ holotype 18,3 +× +28,0 mm (MNHN-B 28443). + + + + +FIG. 6. — + +Parathranites tuberosus + +n. sp. +; +A -E +, îles Marquises (Ua Pou), MUSORSTOM 9, stn CP 1238, 9°41,4’S, 139°03,8’W, 280- 370 m, Ƌ holotype 16,2 +× +25,8 mm (MNHN-B 27755); +A +, contour partiel de la carapace; +B +, chélipède gauche vu de dessus; +C +, abdomen; +D +, pléopode Ƌ 1 gauche, face ventrale; +E +, pléopode Ƌ 2 gauche, face ventrale; +F +, MUSORSTOM 9, stn DW 1145, 9°19,0’S, 140°06,3’W, 150-180 m, Ƌ juv. 5,5 +× +7,6 mm (MNHN-B 27756), contour partiel de la carapace. Échelles: A, 5 mm; B, C, F, 2 mm; D, E, 1 mm. + + +Les péréiopodes 2-4 sont glabres et grêles. Leur dactyle est légèrement plus long que le propode. Les P2 dépassent les chélipèdes de presque tout leur dactyle, les P3 les dépassent du tiers de leur dactyle, tandis que les P4 sont à peu près de la même longueur. +Les P5 ont tous leurs articles dépourvus de dent ou d’épine. Le mérus est 2,1 fois plus long que large et le dactyle 1,75 fois. Ce dernier a sa partie distale arrondie, sans pointe. +L’abdomen mâle présente une forte carène transversale sur les segments 2 et 3. Les segments 3-5 sont soudés. Le sixième segment a ses bords latéraux très légèrement sinueux et convergents; il est 1,7 fois plus large que long. Le telson est 1,3 fois plus long que large et 1,35 fois plus long que le sixième segment. + +Le premier pléopode mâle ( +Fig. 6D +) est long, glabre, lisse (à l’exception de quelques minuscules spinules) et grêle; il est régulièrement recourbé puis droit ou même très légèrement sinueux sur son tiers distal. Le second pléopode mâle est également grêle, lisse et glabre; il est droit et bifide à son extrémité, la branche externe étant nettement plus longue que l’interne ( +Fig. 6E +). + + + +Parathranites tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +( +Figs 4E +; +7A +; +8D, E +; +10A +) + + +MATÉRIEL TYPE. — Le mâle dont la carapace mesure 22,2 +× +31,0 mm (ZRC 2001.341) est l’holotype. Les deux autres mâles et la femelle de la même récolte (ZRC 2001.338) sont des +paratypes +ainsi que les six mâles et les deux femelles (dont une ovigère) enregistrés sous le numéro ZRC 2001.339 et les quatre mâles et trois femelles enregistrées sous le numéro MNHN-B 28438. + + +LOCALITÉ +TYPE +. — +Philippines +, +Bohol +, île Balicasag, au large de l’île Panglao, profondeur inconnue, mais vraisemblablement pas très grande (de l’ordre de la centaine de mètres). + + +ÉTYMOLOGIE. — Combinaison des adjectifs latins + +tuberosus + +et + +granosus + +rappelant que cette espèce allie des caractères de + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +et + +P. granosus + +n. sp. + + +MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — + +Philippines +. + +MUSORSTOM 1, stn 57, +13°53,1’N +, +120°13,2’E +, +96-107 m +, +26.III.1976 +, +1 ♀ +8,4 +× +12,0 mm (MNHN-B 7587 en partie). + + + +Bohol +, île +Balicasag +, au large de l’île +Panglao +, dans des filets maillants, + +XII.2000 + +, +P. Ng +coll., 1 Ƌ 22,2 +× +31,0 mm ( +ZRC 2001.341 +) + +; 2 Ƌ Ƌ 19,3 +× +27,0 mm et 22,9 +× +32,0 mm; + +1 ♀ +19,4 +× +28,2 mm +( +ZRC 2001.338 +) + +; +50-500 m +, +28.XI.2001 +, P. Ng coll., 6 Ƌ Ƌ 17,8 +× +25,7 mm +à 22,6 +× +32,8 mm +; +1 ♀ +ovig. 16,9 +× +24,2 mm +; + +1 ♀ +20,6 +× +29,4 mm +( +ZRC 2001.339 +) + +; 6 Ƌ Ƌ 16,0 +× +23,3 mm +à 23,2 +× +33,3 mm +; + +3 ♀♀ +abîmées et 23,1 +× +32,8 mm +( +ZRC 2001.340 +) + +; 4 Ƌ Ƌ 16,8 +× +24,4 mm +à 21,7 +× +31,3 mm +; + +3 ♀♀ +15,1 +× +21,4 mm +et 19,2 +× +27,0 mm ( +MNHN-B 28438 +) + +. + + + + + +Indonésie +. + +Îles Kai. KARUBAR, stn DW 30, +5°39’S +, +132°56’E +, +111-118 m +, +23.X.1991 +, 1 Ƌ 8,5 +× +12,3 mm +, +1 ♀ +8,6 +× +12,3 mm +. + + +DISTRIBUTION. — +Philippines +, récolté avec certitude entre 96-107 et +111-118 m +de profondeur. + + +DIAGNOSE. — Rapport largeur (dernières dents antérolatérales incluses)/longueur de la carapace presque toujours compris entre 1,39 et 1,45. Face dorsale de la carapace couverte sur presque toute sa surface de granules bien en relief, pas très denses et de tailles assez diverses ( +Fig. 4E +). Région cardiaque de la carapace pourvue d’un tubercule postérieur. Dent orbitaire externe entière. Premiers pléopodes mâles régulièrement recourbés sur toute leur longueur ( +Fig. 10A +). + +REMARQUES + +Cette espèce se différencie de + +P. tuberosus + +n. sp. +par: + + +– les granules de la carapace nettement plus gros ( +Fig. 4E +); + + +– les quatrièmes dents antérolatérales de la carapace plus massives et plus dirigées antérieurement, les cinquièmes courtes et massives (rapport l/L de la carapace compris entre 1,40 et 1,45) ( +Fig. 4E +); – le premier pléopode mâle régulièrement recourbé sur toute sa longueur ( +Fig. 10A +). + + + +FIG. 7. — +A +, + +Parathranites tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +, Philippines, Bohol, île Balicasag, Ƌ holotype 22,2 +× +31,0 mm (ZRC 2001.341); +B +, + +Parathranites ponens + +n. sp. +, La Réunion, MD 32, stn CP 177, 21°01,4’S, 55°10,3’E, 185-210 m, Ƌ holotype 15,7 +× +22,3 mm (MNHN-B 28449). + + + +Les dents frontales médianes semblent également différentes. Chez + +P. tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +, elles sont plus fines et aiguës et séparées entre elles par un espace en forme de V (au lieu d’un espace en forme de U). + + + +P. tuberogranosus + +n. sp. +se sépare aisément de + +P. granosus + +n. sp. +par: + +– la présence d’un tubercule médian postérieur sur la région cardiaque; +– les granules de la carapace moins denses et plus gros. + +Les différences et analogies de cette espèce avec + +P. ponens + +n. sp. +sont discutées dans les remarques relatives à cette dernière espèce. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4C/87/164C8786FFFFFFD8FF72BAFB2E1353E8.xml b/data/16/4C/87/164C8786FFFFFFD8FF72BAFB2E1353E8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84839537da5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4C/87/164C8786FFFFFFD8FF72BAFB2E1353E8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +New combinations and typifications in Cryptangieae (Cyperaceae) + + + +Author + +Vitta, Fabio A. +0000-0002-8012-952X +University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, P. O. Box 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. & fabio. vitta @ live. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8012 - 952 X +fabio.vitta@live.com + + + +Author + +Costa, Suzana M. +0000-0003-4078-8202 +Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, 37.200 - 000, Lavras, MG, Brazil. & suzanamscosta @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4078 - 8202 +suzanamscosta@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Amaral, Maria Do Carmo E. +0000-0003-0156-5559 +University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, P. O. Box 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. & folcar 2007 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0156 - 5559 +folcar2007@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Shepherd, George J. +University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, P. O. Box 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. & gjshepherd @ terra. com. br; no orcid +gjshepherd@terra.com.br + + + +Author + +Thomas, W. Wayt +0000-0002-4996-536X +The New York Botanical Garden. Bronx, NY, USA. & wthomas @ nybg. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4996 - 536 X +wthomas@nybg.org + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2021 + +2021-05-21 + + +502 + + +1 + + +86 +92 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.502.1.6 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.502.1.6 +1179-3163 +5424930 + + + + + + + + +Lagenocarpus rigidus +(Kunth) +Nees (1842: 167) + + + + + + + + + +≡ + + +Scleria rigida +Kunth (1837: 355) + + +. +Type +:—Brasilia meridionalis, +F. Sellow s.n +. + +Lectotype + +(designated here): K 00584552!; isolectotypes G 00098413!, P 00130102!. + + + + + +The material examined by Kunth at B which photograph we examined at F is no longer extant. The above specimens at G, K and P has the same label as the B sheet, with the same handwriting on it which is not from Kunth, and were probably not examined by him. Most of the remaining types at B examined by Kunth (e.g. +Sellow 249 +) or the Berlin types at F (e.g. +Sellow s.n +.— + +Scleria junciforme + +) have notes from him which handwriting is different from the mentioned labels. The material selected as +lectotype +is a well preserved and complete plant while the materials at P and specially at G are incomplete or fragmented. + + + + + + + +Lagenocarpus tenuifolius +(Boeck.) C. B. +Clarke (1908: 64) + + +. ≡ + + +Cryptangium tenuifolium +Boeckeler (1888: 32) + + +. +Type +:— +Rio de janeiro +, +Glaziou 15595 +, +15596 +. + +Lectotype + +(designated here):— +BRAZIL +: environs de +Rio de Janeiro +et D’Ouro Preto, 1883–1884, +A.F.M. Glaziou 15595 +(K 000584538!; isolectotypes +BR 511243 +!, F no. 538823!, G 00098410!, P 000130105!, 000272646!, 272647!) + + + +Boeckeler (1888) +described + +Cryptangium tenuifolium + +based on + +two +syntypes + +. We have examined +nine specimens +and selected +Glaziou 15595 +at K as the +lectotype +because it has more individuals, two complete inflorescences, and fruits in an envelope. It is worth to note that at K database +Glaziou 15596 +is erroneously registered as +15696 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4C/87/164C8786FFFFFFDFFF72B9832A02560D.xml b/data/16/4C/87/164C8786FFFFFFDFFF72B9832A02560D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2ee31a9de08 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4C/87/164C8786FFFFFFDFFF72B9832A02560D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,223 @@ + + + +New combinations and typifications in Cryptangieae (Cyperaceae) + + + +Author + +Vitta, Fabio A. +0000-0002-8012-952X +University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, P. O. Box 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. & fabio. vitta @ live. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8012 - 952 X +fabio.vitta@live.com + + + +Author + +Costa, Suzana M. +0000-0003-4078-8202 +Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, 37.200 - 000, Lavras, MG, Brazil. & suzanamscosta @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4078 - 8202 +suzanamscosta@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Amaral, Maria Do Carmo E. +0000-0003-0156-5559 +University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, P. O. Box 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. & folcar 2007 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0156 - 5559 +folcar2007@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Shepherd, George J. +University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Department of Plant Biology, P. O. Box 6109, 13083 - 970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. & gjshepherd @ terra. com. br; no orcid +gjshepherd@terra.com.br + + + +Author + +Thomas, W. Wayt +0000-0002-4996-536X +The New York Botanical Garden. Bronx, NY, USA. & wthomas @ nybg. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4996 - 536 X +wthomas@nybg.org + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2021 + +2021-05-21 + + +502 + + +1 + + +86 +92 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.502.1.6 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.502.1.6 +1179-3163 +5424930 + + + + + + + + +Lagenocarpus guianensis +Nees (1834: 304) + + +. +Type +:—in Hb. Lindl. [Parker s.n.] ( +holotype +K 000584461!) + + + + + + + += + + +Lagenocarpus riedelianus + +C. B. +Clarke (1908: 63) + + + +. + +Type + +:— +BRAZIL +. +Minas Geraes +; +Ilheos +, + +January 1822 + +, + +L. Riedel +147. + + +Lectotype + +(designated here): K 000180822!; isolectotypes BM 000570688!, C 10010498!, G 00098415!, K 000189821!, P00130071!, US 00087088!. + + + + + +Clarke examined +two specimens +of +Riedel 147 +at K and the material we have selected as +lectotype +has an intact inflorescence. + + + + + + + +Lagenocarpus inversus + +C.B. +Clarke (1908: 64) + + + +. + +Type +:— + +BRAZIL +. Prov. Minas Geraes, +Glaziou +20054; +Serra do Cipo +, +Schwacke +8428; +Serra da Lapa +, +Riedel +1128. + +Lectotype + +(designated here):— +BRAZIL +: +Minas Gerais +, + +Serra +da Lapa + +, + +November 1824 + +, + +L. Riedel +1128 + +(K 000584537!) + + + +Clarke (1908) +cites +three syntypes +in the protologue of + +Lagenocarpus inversus + +. There are two well preserved materials at K ( +Glaziou 20054 +and +Riedel 1128 +) annotated by Clarke and +Schwacke 8428 +could not be traced in any of the herbaria. +Riedel 1128 +has more ramets and inflorescences and its label has information on the date of collection and type locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4C/AF/164CAFFF8D805552B006DEC7AEFBCB0D.xml b/data/16/4C/AF/164CAFFF8D805552B006DEC7AEFBCB0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ae75e50c18c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4C/AF/164CAFFF8D805552B006DEC7AEFBCB0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +Order Lagomorpha + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +185 +211 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Ochotona (Conothoa) koslowi +Büchner 1894 + + + + + + + +Ochotona (Conothoa) koslowi +Büchner 1894 + +, + +Wiss. Reisen. Przewalski +Cent +. Asien Zool. Th. I: Saugeth.: 187 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +"Dolina Vetrov" [Valley of the Winds; pass between Guldsha Valley and valley of Dimnalyk River, tributary of Chechen, Tarim Basin, +Xinjiang +, +China +, 14,000' (37E55'N, 87E50'E; + +4267 m + +)]. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Kozlov's Pika +. + + + + +Distribution: +Arkatag Range, Kunlun Mtns ( +China +), and S shore of Aru-Tso Lake, E of Lungdo, Ngari, +Xizang +. + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Endangered. + + + + +Discussion: +Subgenus + +Conothoa + +. According to the molecular phylogeny of Yu et al. (2000), the sister species of + +koslowi + +is + +ladacensis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4C/C2/164CC2AAADDA10E3F2714E9AFD4ECB3F.xml b/data/16/4C/C2/164CC2AAADDA10E3F2714E9AFD4ECB3F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e767b38b65a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4C/C2/164CC2AAADDA10E3F2714E9AFD4ECB3F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ + + + +Order Soricomorpha + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +220 +311 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Myosorex zinki +Heim de Balsac and Lamotte 1956 + + + + + + + +Myosorex zinki +Heim de Balsac and Lamotte 1956 + +, + +Mammalia +, 20: 148 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Tanzania +, Mt. +Kilimanjaro +, SE slope, + +3,700 m + +. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: + +Kilimanjaro +Mouse Shrew + +. + + + + +Distribution: +High altitudes of Mt. +Kilimanjaro +, +Tanzania +, +2470-4000 m +( +Stanley et al., In +Press). + + + + +Discussion: +In the last edition of this checklist ( + +Hutterer, 1993 +a + +) this species was ommitted by mistake. This is a large and distinct species that resembles + +M. eisentrauti + +from Bioko ( +Stanley and Hutterer, 2000 +). Grimshaw et al. (1997) listed it as endemic to Mt. +Kilimanjaro +. +Shore and Garbett (1991) +collected +one specimen +at +3500 m +. Recently it was found to be common on that mountain (W. +T +. Stanley, pers. comm., 2002). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4D/4F/164D4F475A5A2520A7C88F4AF96FC346.xml b/data/16/4D/4F/164D4F475A5A2520A7C88F4AF96FC346.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76d2066b1d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4D/4F/164D4F475A5A2520A7C88F4AF96FC346.xml @@ -0,0 +1,293 @@ + + + +Two new species of Quichuana Knab (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the paramo ecosystems in Colombia + + + +Author + +Montoya, Augusto L. + + + +Author + +Ricarte, Antonio + + + +Author + +Wolff, Marta + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4244 + + +3 + + +390 +402 + + + +journal article +36227 +10.11646/zootaxa.4244.3.7 +9342da24-db64-44d2-aa12-a97eca20232d +1175-5326 +429885 +D4BC761B-EBD0-47C9-94F2-51D4AE69DBC9 + + + + + + + +Quichuana nigropilosa +Montoya & Ricarte + +sp. n. + + + + +Figures 1 +, +4B, 4 +D, 6A–D. + + + + +Length +(n = 1). Body +13.4 mm +; wing +11.4 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Large species ( +13.4 mm +) with a broad black abdomen. The species is characterized by three faint, medial, grayish pollinose vittae on the scutum reaching the posterior margin; pleuron black pilose; wing extensively bare of microtrichia on posterior half; capitulum white; coxae black pilose; terga I–V black pilose, with a shiny black pollinose band on posterior margin. + + + + +Description. FEMALE. Head +( +Figs 6 +A–B). Face black, white pollinose, white pilose; tubercle distinct, with a narrow medial shiny vitta not reaching the antennae and the mouth edge. Gena broad, shiny black. Lunule black; frontal triangle mainly black pilose, except for the golden yellow pile along eye margin. Antennae black, black pilose, basoflagellomere dark brown, round to oval, white pollinose, bf = 1.3; scape black pilose; pedicel golden yellow pilose ventrally, black pilose dorsally; arista orange, bare. Eye yellowish pilose, bare along posterior margin; frontal vertical triangle whitish gray pollinose on anterior corner; ocelli reddish, ocellar triangle black pilose; occiput white pollinose, with a line of long black pile intermixed on dorsal half. +Thorax +( +Fig. 6 +C). Black, scutum with a faint gray-brown pollinosity, with black and yellowish pile intermixed, scutum with three faint, medial, grayish pollinose vittae reaching the posterior margin, this area with black pile; postpronotum, notopleuron and postalar callus with golden yellow and black pile intermixed; posterior anepisternum black pilose dorsally, with some white pile intermixed dorsally; pleuron dull grayish pollinose; katepisternum black pilose; katatergum short brownish pilose; scutellum opaque brownish, shiny black on marginal corner, long black pilose; metasternum black pilose; calypter brown, brown pilose marginally; plumula brown; spiracular fringe brownish; halter pedicel white; capitulum white. +Wing +( +Figs 4 +C, 6C–D). Microtrichose, except for extensive bare areas on posterior half (cells cua1, cup, dm, bm and anal lobe), slightly dark infuscate on anterior margin (cells c, sc, r1, r4+5, dm and bm); tegula and basicosta with black pile, alula bare medially. +Legs +( +Figs 4 +D, 6B). Black, extensively black pilose; coxae and trochanters black, black pilose, pro and mesotrochanter white pilose dorsally; femora black, black pilose, except for the pro and mesofemur golden pilose on anterior edge; metafemur swollen, with long black pile ventrally; tibiae black, black pilose, pro-tibia golden pilose antero-ventrally, meso-tibia white pilose anteroventrally, metatibia extensively with black pile, except for the white pile on anterior and posterior edge; tarsi black, black pilose dorsally, orange pilose ventrally, mesotarsus with rows of ventral black pile. +Abdomen +( +Fig. 6 +C). Black, opaque, without markings, extensively covered with black pile; terga I–V with a posterior shiny black margin; tergum I with a moustache arrangement of sparse black pile; tergum II yellow pilose on basal fourth, black pilose posteriorly; terga III–V extensively black pilose; sterna black, sterna I–V with long golden pile, in addition to some laterally black pile intermixed. +MALE. +Unknown. + + + + + +Material examined. +HOLOTYPE +: female, deposited at the +CEUA +, and labelled: +COLOMBIA +: “ +Antioquia +, +Betulia +, + +Vereda El Indio + +, +La +Mina + +, + + +Alto de +San José + +/ 6.251447, -76.044872, + +3092m + +, transición / 2013. +xii.14-18 +, +C. Henao +; +J. Cogollo. Leg. +( + +CEUA +87092 + +)”. “ +Holotype +/ + +Quichuana nigropilosa + +/ Montoya & Ricarte 2017”. [red, handwritten except first line]. + + + + + +Distribution. +Eastern slope of Cordillera Occidental, +Antioquia +, +Colombia +( +3092 m +. a. s. l.) ( +Fig. 1 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The epithet ‘nigropilosa’ (from the Latin ‘ +nigro +’, black, and the Greek ‘ +pilos +’, pile) refers to the typical black pile of the body of this singular species. + + +Taxonomic notes. +Although + +Q. nigropilosa + + +sp. n. + +is described from a single female, we evidenced that the species differs significantly from + +Q. citara + + +sp. n. + +, + +Q. melas + +and + +Q. atra + +(see ‘Taxonomic notes’ under + +Q. nigropilosa + +and Table 1). Another important feature is its restricted distribution, which raises the need for further expeditions to neighboring areas of the +type +locality, in order to increase the knowledge about species distribution, as well as finding male specimens. + + + + +Habitat and co-occurrence with other flower fly species. + +Quichuana nigropilosa + + +sp. n. + +co-occurs in the paramo de Frontino with the species + +Argentinomyia browni +Fluke + +, + +A. luculenta +Fluke + +, + +A. rex +Fluke + +, + +Dasysyrphus lotus +(Williston) + +, + +Fazia fascifrons +(Macquart) + +and + +Ocyptamus eblis +(Hull) + +. + + +TABLE]. +Morphological đifferences between + +Quichuana citara + + +sp. n. + +, + +Q. nigropilosa + + +sp. n. + +, + +Q. melas +Ricarte & Marcos-García + +anđ + +Q. atra +Ricarte & Marcos-García. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4D/4F/164D4F475A5F2521A7C88AC6FDD6C1CC.xml b/data/16/4D/4F/164D4F475A5F2521A7C88AC6FDD6C1CC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cd1b20f9c21 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4D/4F/164D4F475A5F2521A7C88AC6FDD6C1CC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,382 @@ + + + +Two new species of Quichuana Knab (Diptera: Syrphidae) from the paramo ecosystems in Colombia + + + +Author + +Montoya, Augusto L. + + + +Author + +Ricarte, Antonio + + + +Author + +Wolff, Marta + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +4244 + + +3 + + +390 +402 + + + +journal article +36227 +10.11646/zootaxa.4244.3.7 +9342da24-db64-44d2-aa12-a97eca20232d +1175-5326 +429885 +D4BC761B-EBD0-47C9-94F2-51D4AE69DBC9 + + + + + + + +Quichuana citara +Montoya & Wolff + +sp. n. + + + + +Figures 1 +, +3 +A–G, 4A–B, 5A–C. + + + + +Length +(n = 6). Body +12.8–13.5 mm +; wing +9.5–10.3 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Large species (up to +13.5 mm +) with a broad black abdomen. The species is characterized by two faint, medial, white pollinose vittae on scutum, extending anteriorly to transverse suture; pleuron pale pilose; wing and alula extensively microtrichose; capitulum black; coxae white pilose; terga I–V with golden yellow and black pile intermixed and a yellow pollinose band on posterior margin; surstylus slightly convex on ventral margin; cercus triangular-shaped, with rounded margins; hypandrium rounded apically, ventrally pilose on apical half. + + + + +Description. MALE. Head +( +Figs 3 +A and C). Face black with a distinct bare tubercle, white pollinose, yellow pilose, with a shiny medial vitta from the antenna to the mouth edge. Gena broad, shiny black. Lunule black, except for the area closest to the eye margin; frontal triangle mainly black pilose, except for the golden yellow pile along the eye margin. Antenna black, black pilose; basoflagellomere dark brown, rounded to oval, white pollinose, bf = 1.23; scape black pilose; pedicel golden yellow pilose ventrally, black pilose dorsally; arista orange, bare. Eye white pilose, bare along the posterior margin; frontal vertical triangle golden yellow pollinose on anterior corner. Ocelli yellowish orange; ocellar triangle black pilose. Occiput white pollinose, golden pilose with a line of long black pile intermixed on dorsal half. +Thorax +( +Figs 3 +C–F). Black, dull; scutum faint brownish pollinose, black and golden yellow pilose intermixed, with two faint, medial, white-pollinose vittae extending anteriorly to transverse suture; postpronotum, notopleuron and postalar callus with golden yellow and black pile intermixed; posterior anepisternum golden yellow pilose dorsally, with some black pile intermixed; pleuron dull, grayish-black pollinose; katepisternum pale pilose; katatergum with some short brownish pile; scutellum brownish, with long black pile; metasternum with short pale pile; calypter brown, brown pilose marginally; plumula brown; spiracular fringe brownish; halter pedicel brownish; capitulum black. +Wing +( +Figs 3 +F, 4A). Entirely microtrichose, slightly infuscate on anterior margin (cells c, sc, r1 r4+5, dm and bm); tegula and basicosta black pilose, alula extensively microtrichose. +Legs +( +Figs 3 +C, 4B). Black, extensively black pilose; coxae black, white pilose, except black pilose antero-dorsally on metacoxa; trochanters with black and golden yellow pile intermixed; femora black, black pilose, except white pilose postero-ventrally on pro and mesofemur; metafemur swollen, with long black pile ventrally; tibiae black, black pilose, except brownish pilose posteriorly; tarsi black, black pilose dorsally, orange pilose ventrally; mesotarsus with rows of ventral black pile. +Abdomen +( +Fig. 3 +B). Black; terga II–III with golden yellow and black pile intermixed, with a yellow band on posterior margin; tergum I with a moustache arrangement of sparse golden yellow pile; tergum II golden pilose on antero-lateral half, black pilose postero-medially; tergum III golden yellow pilose on antero-lateral half, black pilose postero-medially; terga IV–V extensively golden pilose; tergum V golden yellow pollinose; sterna dark brown; sterna I–V with golden yellow pile and some black pile intermixed laterally. +Genitalia +( +Figs 6 +A–C): Surstylus slightly convex on ventral margin, concave dorsally; cercus triangular-shaped, with rounded margins; hypandrium rounded apically, ventrally pilose on apical half. +FEMALE +( +Figs 3 +D–E). Same as in male except for the following characters: frons with a small white pollinose macula halfway between the anterior ocellus and the antennal insertions; eyes separated dorsally by a distance equal to the ocellar triangle width; scutum and pleuron with golden yellow and black pile intermixed, mainly golden yellow pilose; tergum IV black pilose on basal half. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Quichuana citara + + +sp. n. + +, male, holotype (CEUA 87046). +A: +head, frontal view; +B: +abdomen, dorsal view; +C: +lateral view; +F: +right wing, dorsal view. + +Quichuana citara + + +sp. n. + +, female, paratype (CEUA 87045). +D: +head, frontal view; +E: +abdomen, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURE 3. +(Continued) + +Quichuana citara + + +sp. n. + +, female, paratype (CEUA 87045). +G +: overall appearance, lateral view. + + + + + +Material examined. +HOLOTYPE +: male, deposited at the +CEUA +, and labelled: “ +COLOMBIA +: +Antioquia +, +Andes +, +Santa Rita +, paramo +de Santa Rita + +, + +Laguna +Santa Rita / 5.5499389, -75.9912444, + +3611-3638m + +/ 2010. +xii.8- 12 +, +A. L. Montoya Leg. +“ +Holotype +/ + +Quichuana citara + +/ +Montoya +& +Wolff +2017” [red, handwritten except first line] ( + +CEUA +87046 + +)” + +. + +PARATYPES +: +COLOMBIA +: +Antioquia +, +Andes +, +Santa Rita +, paramo +de Santa Rita + +, + +Laguna +Santa Rita / 5.5499389, -75.9912444, + +3611-3638m + +, 2010. +iii.3-5 +, +M. Wolff Leg. +( +7 ♀ +, + +CEUA +87045, 92804 + +, 92805, 92806, 92807, 92808, 92809); +Andes +, +Santa Rita +, paramo +de Santa Rita + +, + +Laguna +Santa Rita / 5.5499389, - 75.9912444, + +3611-3638m + +, 2010. +xii.8-12 +, +A. L. Montoya Leg. +( +2 ♀ +, + +CEUA +87045, 92810 + +, 92811); +Urrao +, paramo +de Frontino +, +La Peña Leg +/ 6.451542, -76.129260 + +, +3466-3670m +/ 2014. +ix.07 +, A. Franco-H. Leg (1 ♂ and 1 ♀, MEFLG 27709, 27715). + + + + +Distribution. +Western and eastern slopes of the Cordillera Occidental, +Antioquia +, +Colombia +in the paramos between +3466–3670 m +. a. s. l. ( +Fig. 1 +). + + + + +Etymology. +The noun in apposition ‘citara’ refers to the indigenous people ‘Citaraes’ or ‘Chocoes’, who inhabited the named region “Farallones de +Citará +” (Northwest of +Antioquia Department +, +Colombia +), +type +locality of this species. + + +Habitat and co-occurrence with other flower fly species. + +Quichuana citara + + +sp. n. + +is present in paramo habitats of western and eastern slopes of the Cordillera Occidental (Farallones de +Citará +and paramo de Frontino), occurring in sympatry with + +Argentinomyia altissima +(Fluke) + +, + +A. tropica +(Fluke) + +, + +Eristalis tenax +Linnaeus + +, + +Meropidia neurostigma +Hippa + +, + +Palpada +cf. +monticola +(Roder) + +, + +P. scutellaris +(Fabricius) + +, + +Platycheirus fenestratus +(Macquart) + +, + +P. hesperius +(Macquart) + +, + +Salpingogaster cornuta +Hull + +, + +Syrphus octomaculatus +Walker + +and + +Tuberculanostoma antennatum +Fluke. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4D/57/164D5714184D1A5EEC1514C57BDE6CF2.xml b/data/16/4D/57/164D5714184D1A5EEC1514C57BDE6CF2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3555b845232 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4D/57/164D5714184D1A5EEC1514C57BDE6CF2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +Notes about morphological features of the Western Hemisphere subtribe Ardistomina, and revision of genus Semiardistomis Kult (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Clivinini) + + + +Author + +Valdes, Pavel +Gertrudis 365 apto 5 e / D'Strampes y Goicuria, Cp 10500, Habana, Cuba + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-07-24 + + +210 + + +19 +67 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.210.3042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.210.3042 +1313-2970-210-19 +DF32BC38E8394DC48EA0FB6508EC7B2B +BD1FF0348E7DFFF87D580B20FFF06438 +577401 + + + + +Semiardistomis darlingtoni (Kult, 1950) +Figs 39 +57 + + + + +Ardistomis (Semiardistomis) darlingtoni +Kult, 1950: 311. + + +Semiardistomis darlingtoni +(Kult); +Lorenz 1998 +: 136. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype male (ADVA), glued on pinned card, genitalia attached in microvial, labeled: handwritten "darlingtoni 57 Det. K. Kult"/ "Darlingtoni Kt. det. K.Kult"/ " Brasilia Jatahy (Goyas)"/ printed on red paper +"TYPE" +. + + + +Type area. + +Given by +Kult (1950 +: 312) as "Brasilia, Goyaz", Brazil + + + +Diagnosis. +Elytral surface smooth, impunctate, elytral striae impressed in basal third, three setiferous punctures on interval 5 and 8 in interval 3, stria 2 absent, prominent humeral tooth at junction of third stria with marginal channel. Profemur glabrous. Abdominal sternum VII with 5+5 setiferous punctures. + + +Habitus. + +dorsal aspect, as in +Fig. 39 +. + + + + +Measurements +and variation. + + +Variation of measurements (mm) and ratios for + +Semiardistomis darlingtoni + +(n=1) are: HL = 0,70; PL = 1,22; PW = 1,38; EL = 3,42; EW = 2,21; SBL = 5,4; PW/EW = 0,62; PW/PL = 1,13; PL/EL = 0,36; EW/EL = 0,64. + + + +Geographical distribution + +( +Fig. 57 +) +. +Known only from the type area. + + + +Note. + +The holotype is teneral. The species is closely related to + +Semiardistomis subglabra + +. + + + +Figures 39-40. +39 + +Semiardistomis darlingtoni + +(Kult) (teneral) +40 + +Semiardistomis subglabra + +(van Emden). Dorsal aspect. Scale bar 1 mm. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4D/87/164D8783FF859D0DA9E906BD89B5F8FC.xml b/data/16/4D/87/164D8783FF859D0DA9E906BD89B5F8FC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ab8938fa962 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4D/87/164D8783FF859D0DA9E906BD89B5F8FC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +Taxonomic status of a population of Gymoncypris waddelli Regan, 1905 (Cypriniformes: Schizothoracinae) distributed in Pengqu River, Tibet, China + + + +Author + +Tang, Yong-Tao + + + +Author + +Feng, Chen-Guang + + + +Author + +Wanghe, Kun-Yuan + + + +Author + +Li, Guo-Gang + + + +Author + +Zhao, Kai + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4126 + + +1 + + +123 +137 + + + +journal article +38800 +10.11646/zootaxa.4126.1.7 +78917532-4d8e-4d76-a25f-04b29f47e784 +1175-5326 +260670 +8B7F8643-F1BC-467A-B8B3-B7A0DA91C916 + + + + + + +Key to the species of genus + +Gymnocypris + + + + + + + + +1a. Commencement of ventral fin under the 1–3th branched ray of dorsal fin......................................... 2 + + +1b. Commencement of ventral fin under the 4–6th branched ray of dorsal fin......................................... 6 + + + + +2a. Outside gill rakers on first gill arch more than 10............................................................. 3 + + + +2b. Outside gill rakers on first gill arch fewer than 9..................................................... + +G. potanini + + + + + + +3a. Mouth terminal or subinferior; lower jaw shorter than upper jaw................................................ 4 + + + +3b. Oral fissure oblique, lower jaw equal to or longer than upper jaw..................................... + +G. scolistomus + + + + + + +4a. Inner side of lower jaw without horny layer................................................................. 5 + + + +4b. Inner side of lower jaw with horny layer........................................................ + +G. chilianensis + + + + + + + +5a. Average outside gill rakers on first arch less than 18................................................... + +G. eckloni + + + + + +5b. Average outside gill rakers on first arch more than 28............................................... + +G. przewalskii + + + + + + +6a. Pharyngeal teeth in 2 row............................................................................... 7 + + + +6b. Pharyngeal teeth in 1 row...................................................................... + +G. namensis + + + + + + +7a. Last unbranched dorsal-fin ray strong...................................................................... 8 + + +7b. Last unbranched dorsal-fin ray weak...................................................................... 9 + + + + + +8a. Outside gill rakers on first arch more than 20........................................................... + +G. chui + + + + + +8b. Outside gill rakers on first arch fewer than 20................................................... + +G. scleracanthus + + + + + + + +9a. Outside gill rakers on first arch more than 20......................................................... + +G. dobula + + + + +9b. Outside gill rakers on first arch fewer than 20.............................................................. 10 + + + + + +10a. Oral fissure oblique........................................................................... + +G. waddelliv + + + + + +10b. Oral fissure almost straight............................................................ + +G. pengquensis + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4D/87/164D8783FF879D0DA9E9068A8E70FEDD.xml b/data/16/4D/87/164D8783FF879D0DA9E9068A8E70FEDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2dbb2caba8d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4D/87/164D8783FF879D0DA9E9068A8E70FEDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ + + + +Taxonomic status of a population of Gymoncypris waddelli Regan, 1905 (Cypriniformes: Schizothoracinae) distributed in Pengqu River, Tibet, China + + + +Author + +Tang, Yong-Tao + + + +Author + +Feng, Chen-Guang + + + +Author + +Wanghe, Kun-Yuan + + + +Author + +Li, Guo-Gang + + + +Author + +Zhao, Kai + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2016 + +4126 + + +1 + + +123 +137 + + + +journal article +38800 +10.11646/zootaxa.4126.1.7 +78917532-4d8e-4d76-a25f-04b29f47e784 +1175-5326 +260670 +8B7F8643-F1BC-467A-B8B3-B7A0DA91C916 + + + + + + + +Gymnocypris pengquensis + +, +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs.7 +, +8 +) + + + + + +Holotype +. + +NWIPB +1161025, 167 mm +SL, Pengqu River, Zhaguo Town, Nielamu County, Tibet Autonomous Region, +China +( +28°36'0.30"N +, +86°55'11.43"E +), +30 June 2011 +, collected by Kai Zhao, Guogang Li and Yongtao Tang. + + + +Paratypes +. + +NWIPB +1161012–24, 1161026–34, collected with the +holotype +. +101–186 mm +SL. 22 examined specimens. + + + + +FIGURE 7 +. + +Gymnocypris pengquensis + +sp. nov. +, holotype, NWIPB 1161025, 138 mm SL. Color pattern of specimen preserved in 95% alcohol (right side; image laterally inverted). + + + + +FIGURE 8 +. + +Gymnocypris pengquensis + +, paratype, NWIPB 1161026, 172mm SL. (a) Ventral view of head; (b) Lateral view of outside of first gill arch from right side; (c) Lateral view of inside of first gill arch from right side; (d) Dorsomedial view of left side pharyngeal tooth plate; (e) Ventral view of air bladder; (f) Ventral view of the coiling type of intestine. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +G. pengquensis + +is cleary distinguished from congeners by the combination of the following characters: mouth subinferior, nearly straight oral fissure, arched; inner side of lower jaw without a horny layer; dorsal-fin origin nearly at midway of the body length. Commencement of ventral fin under the 4–5th branched ray of dorsal fin; last unbranched dorsal-fin ray weak; dorsal fin spines 8–15, minutely serrated; gill rakers on first arch: ONG = 9–14, ING = 13–21. + + + + +Description. +D iv, 8; P i, 15–19; V i, 8–9; A iii, 5; vertebrae: 4+47. + + +Counts and proportional measurements are given in +Table 2 +. Body elongate, somewhat compressed. Greatest depth at origin of dorsal fin, dorsal profile arched, ventral profile less curved. Anal opening near origin of anal fin. Caudal forked. Head somewhat large, conical. Snout obtuse; No barbels; anterior border of the mouth below level of lower margin of eye. Eyes moderate, round. Nostrils nearer to eye than to tip of snout. Mouth subinferior, nearly straight oral fissure, inner side of lower jaw without horny layer. Ventral view of margin of lower jaw horseshoeshaped; lip of lower jaw underdeveloped, thin; lower lip divided into two lateral lobes, postlabial groove discontinued ( +Fig. 8 +a). Body entirely naked, except 2–3 rows of scales above the pectoral axil and a sheath consisting of 20–24 enlarged scales at the base of anal fin behind ventral fin. Dorsal origin nearly at midpoint of body length. Commencement of ventral fin under 4 or 5th branched ray of dorsal; last unbranched dorsal-fin ray weak; dorsal-fin spines with 8–15 small, almost indiscernible serrations. Lateral line complete, running along middle of flank and caudal peduncle. Gill rakers small, short, thick; those on outside somewhat sparse set; those on inside slightly close set ( +Fig. 8 +b,c). Pharyngeal teeth in 2 row 3,4/4,3, rod-like, hooked at tip; first tooth in main row small, second tooth in main row well developed ( +Fig. 8 +d). Air bladder composed of 2 chambers, posterior one is 2.2 times longer than anterior one ( +Fig. 8 +e). Digestive canal short: intestine exhibits three rostro-caudad loops before descending to anus ( +Fig. 8 +f). Total length of intestinal tract about 1.3 times SL. + + +Color pattern. +Preserved specimens in alcohol back-gray, abdomen yellowish, whole body with large or small black spots; dorsal and caudal fin also with black spots. + + +Ecology. + +Gymnocypris pengquensis + +inhabits cold highland streams with a substrate of sand or sand-mud at altitudes +4000 m +above sea level ( +Fig. 9 +). It is an omnivores fish, feeding on juvenile fishes, plant fragments, periphytic algae (e.g. diatoms growing on solid substrate, such as stones), benthic invertebrates and organic debris. Mud and sand were found in the gut, suggesting a benthic foraging style. + + + + +Distribution. + +Gymnocypris pengquensis + +is known only from the Pengqu River and its tributaries, Nielamu County and Dingri County, Tibet Autonomous Region, +China +( +Fig. 1 +). + + + + +Etymology +. The species name ‘pengquensis’ is a combination of +Pengqu +(where the +type +series was collected) and the geographic Latin suffix (- +ensis +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4D/A0/164DA05856E0BBA969F75EE4FC568DFF.xml b/data/16/4D/A0/164DA05856E0BBA969F75EE4FC568DFF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4b2a9390242 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4D/A0/164DA05856E0BBA969F75EE4FC568DFF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gkelis, Spyros + + + +Author + +Ourailidis, Iordanis + + + +Author + +Panou, Manthos + + + +Author + +Pappas, Nikos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10084 +10084 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 +1314-2828-4-10084 + + + + +Lemmermanniella pallida (Lemmermann) Geitler, 1942 + + + + +Lemmermanniella pallida + + + +Notes + +Tryfon et al. 1997 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4E/3F/164E3F2EC7BA50D69D6BAAB1D199EAF6.xml b/data/16/4E/3F/164E3F2EC7BA50D69D6BAAB1D199EAF6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..60e63aae576 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4E/3F/164E3F2EC7BA50D69D6BAAB1D199EAF6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +A checklist of vascular plants of the W National Park in Burkina Faso, including the adjacent hunting zones of Tapoa-Djerma and Kondio + + + +Author + +Nacoulma, Blandine M. I. +Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Marco +Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany & Palmengarten, Frankfurt am Main, Germany +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6087-6117 +mschmidt@senckenberg.de + + + +Author + +Hahn, Karen +Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany + + + +Author + +Thiombiano, Adjima +Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +8 + + +54205 +54205 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54205 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54205 +1314-2828-8-e54205 +AC04300B71A5532C90F2702393102067 + + + + +Dopatrium longidens Skan + + + +Distribution +Sudano-Zambesian + + +Notes +Life Form: therophyte; Voucher: Nacoulma 58 (OUA-13423) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4E/7B/164E7B2613FD5EB79DCA0E1DD0C325FB.xml b/data/16/4E/7B/164E7B2613FD5EB79DCA0E1DD0C325FB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06f4d175aeb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4E/7B/164E7B2613FD5EB79DCA0E1DD0C325FB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,236 @@ + + + +The arboreal snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) of Southeast Asia: 1. Molecular systematics of some Vietnamese species and related species from Cambodia, Indonesia, and Laos + + + +Author + +Jirapatrasilp, Parin +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-6724 +Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand & Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Huang, Chih-Wei +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2921-4294 +School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan + + + +Author + +Sutcharit, Chirasak +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-9540 +Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand +jirasak4@yahoo.com + + + +Author + +Lee, Chi-Tse +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2695-0680 +Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan +leechitse@yahoo.com.tw + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-03-22 + + +1196 + + +15 +78 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.112146 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.112146 +1313-2970-1196-15 +7954DFBF803A48F5B79142DD09FE5D01 +E53B8BDDAE9B58BDBE4B7058562B2B14 + + + + +Amphidromus madelineae Thach, 2020 + + + + +Figs 22B +, 24H-M +, 25C, D +, 26 + + + + +Amphidromus madelineae +Thach, 2020a: 68-69, pl. 48, figs 592, 593; pl. 49 figs 594-596. Type locality: Quang Nam Province, Central Vietnam. +Thach 2021 +: 68. + + + +Material examined. + + +Vietnam +: +Sinistral +, + +holotype + +of " + +Amphidromus madelineae + +", MNHN-IM-2000-35566 (Fig. +24H +) + +. + + + +Other material examined. + + +Vietnam +: 5S specimens, +Duy Xuyen District +, +Quang Nam Province +, NMNS-8764-108- NMNS-8764-112 (Fig. +24I, J +); 10S specimens, Za Hung, +Dong Giang District +, +Quang Nam Province +, NMNS-8764-113- NMNS-8764-122 (Fig. +24K-M +) + +. + + + +Diagnosis. +Shell small to medium, sinistral; apex tinted pink to purplish pink. Parietal callus transparent; lip whitish to purplish pink; columella and inner side of outer wall around columella purplish pink. Genitalia without appendix. + + +Differential diagnosis. + + +Amphidromus madelineae + +differs from the similar sinistral species + +A. haematostoma + +in having tinted-pink colour ~ 1-2 whorls from apex, and thin and transparent parietal callus, while + +A. haematostoma + +has a whitish apex, slightly thickened parietal callus with pale to dark rose-pink colour. This species also differs from the similar + +A. roseolabiatus + +in that the latter has a chirally dimorphic shell, a whitish apex and the genitalia with a very long appendix. The molecular phylogeny in this study reveals that + +A. madelineae + +is a distinct clade from its sister + +A. haematostoma + +(Figs +2 +, +26 +). The COI and 16S +p +-distances between + +A. madelineae + +and + +A. haematostoma + +are 13.93% and 6.04%, respectively (Table +2 +). + + + +Description. + +Shell +small to medium (height 27.7-38.0 mm, width 16.2-20.2 mm), sinistral, elongate to ovate conical, rather thin and glossy. Spire conical; apex acute, tinted pink to purplish pink and without black spot on tip. Whorls 5-6 nearly smooth; suture wide and shallow; last whorl rounded to nearly globose. Periostracum usually deciduous to yellowish green radial streaks, more conspicuous on last whorl and faded in earlier whorls. Last whorl with thin, dark green subsutural band, sometimes with irregular greenish spiral blotched bands below periphery; varix sometimes present. Parietal callus thin and transparent. Aperture ovate to elongate; peristome little thickened and expanded; lip generally whitish to purplish pink; inner side of outer wall whitish around columella with purplish pink colour. Columella straight, thickened and pale to dark purplish pink. Umbilicus imperforate. + + + +Radula +. + +Teeth arranged in anteriorly pointed V-shaped rows. Central tooth monocuspid and spatulate with truncated cusp. Lateral teeth bicuspid; endocone small, slightly elongate, with wide and deep notch, and dull cusp; ectocone large with slightly blunt to dull cusp. Lateral teeth gradually transformed to asymmetric tricuspid marginal teeth. Outermost teeth with small and multicuspid (Fig. +22B +). + + + +Genital organs +. + +Atrium relatively short. Penis stout, cylindrical, and short, ~ 1/2 as long as vagina. Penial retractor muscle thickened, short and inserting on epiphallus close to penis. Epiphallus stout tube and approximately as long as vagina. Flagellum short, extending from epiphallus and terminating in slightly curved tip; appendix absent. Vas deferens slender tube passing from free oviduct and terminating at epiphallus-flagellum junction (Fig. +25C +). Internal wall of penis corrugated, exhibiting prominent series of thickened and smooth surfaced longitudinal penial pilasters forming fringe around penial wall. Penial verge very short and with smooth surface (Fig. +25D +). + + +Vagina long cylindrical, and ~ 2 +x +longer than penis. Gametolytic duct long cylindrical tube then gradually tapering to slender tube terminally and connected to bulbus gametolytic sac. Free oviduct short; oviduct compact, forming lobule alveoli (Fig. +25C +). Internal wall of vagina possessing slightly corrugated ridges near genital orifice; ridges becoming roughly irregular vaginal pilasters in middle and close to free oviduct opening (Fig. +25D +). + + + +Distribution. +This species is found in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. + + +Remarks. + +Specimens from Za Hung, Dong Giang, Quang Nam, Vietnam (Fig. +24L, M +) are superficially similar to + +A. haematostoma + +in having greenish shell colour and a purplish pink lip. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4E/DC/164EDC6AB3645281A697641DF0AB009B.xml b/data/16/4E/DC/164EDC6AB3645281A697641DF0AB009B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7be74a183aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4E/DC/164EDC6AB3645281A697641DF0AB009B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,291 @@ + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea): first records of 244 species from various European countries + + + +Author + +Kolcsar, Levente-Peter +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7784-2386 +Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan +kolcsar.peter@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Oosterbroek, Pjotr +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Gavryushin, Dmitry I. +Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Olsen, Kjell Magne +BioFokus, Oslo, Norway + + + +Author + +Paramonov, Nikolai M. +Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia + + + +Author + +Pilipenko, Valentin E. +Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Stary, Jaroslav +Silesian Museum, Opava, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Polevoi, Alexei +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-9574 +Forest Research Institute KarRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia + + + +Author + +Lantsov, Vladimir I. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-496X +Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nalchik, Russia + + + +Author + +Eiroa, Eulalia +Departamento de Zoologia, Genetica y Antropologia Fisica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain + + + +Author + +Andersson, Michael +Gripenbergsgatan 64, Huskvarna, Sweden + + + +Author + +Salmela, Jukka +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9462-9624 +Regional Museum of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland + + + +Author + +Quindroit, Clovis +GRETIA, Angers, France + + + +Author + +d'Oliveira, Micha C. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Hancock, E. Geoffrey +The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Mederos, Jorge +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-3642 +Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain + + + +Author + +Boardman, Pete +Natural England, Telford, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Viitanen, Esko +Vanhan-Mankkaan tie 29, Espoo, Finland + + + +Author + +Watanabe, Kozo +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7062-595X +Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-07-21 + + +9 + + +67085 +67085 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e67085 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e67085 +1314-2828-9-e67085 +098BBB1FA97956E582A44AEE6C55905D + + + + +Helius (Helius) hispanicus Lackschewitz, 1928 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +occurrenceRemarks: +1 male +; recordedBy: +V.I. Lantsov +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; preparations: +Pinned +; occurrenceID: EU_LIM_442; + +Taxon +: + +scientificName: +Helius +(Helius) hispanicus +Lackschewitz +, 1928; family: +Limoniidae +; genus: +Helius +; subgenus: +Helius +; specificEpithet: hispanicus; scientificNameAuthorship: +Lackschewitz +, 1928; + +Location +: + +country: +Russia +; stateProvince: +North Caucasus +; county: +Republic +of +Dagestan +; municipality: +Magaramkent +, +Samur +; locality: + +Samur +liana forest, in vicinity of village +Samur + +; verbatimElevation: + + +20 m + + +; minimumElevationInMeters: 20; decimalLatitude: +41.99611 +; decimalLongitude: +48.485 +; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +V.I. Lantsov + +; + +Event +: + +samplingProtocol: +Sweep net +; eventDate: +2016-05-24 +; verbatimEventDate: +May-24-2016 +; habitat: biotype 2, over near aquatic and aquatic plants along the stream; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: ZIN; basisOfRecord: +PreservedSpecimen + + + + + +Distribution + +Presence of the species in Russia: NC mentioned in +Lantsov (2020) +without further details. Here, we publish the collection data for that record. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4E/F3/164EF309105593D0360189F1BEFF0051.xml b/data/16/4E/F3/164EF309105593D0360189F1BEFF0051.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32670f8de46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4E/F3/164EF309105593D0360189F1BEFF0051.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part I) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +586 +598 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Illecebrum sanguinolentum +(Linnaeus) Linnaeus + +, + +Mantissa Plantarum Altera + +: 344. 1771 + + +. + + + +["Habitat in India."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 294 (1762). RCN: 1671. + + + +Basionym: + +Achyranthes sanguinolenta +L. (1762) + +. + + + + + +Lectotype +(Townsend in Nasir & Ali, +Fl. W. Pakistan +71: 30. 1974): Herb. Linn. No. 290.3 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Aerva sanguinolenta + +(L.) Blume + +( +Amaranthaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/4F/E5/164FE599D67D806DB919302F833B4972.xml b/data/16/4F/E5/164FE599D67D806DB919302F833B4972.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ff2b0985af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/4F/E5/164FE599D67D806DB919302F833B4972.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Micralestes (Characiformes, Alestidae) of the lower Congo River, with a description of a new species endemic to the lower Congo River rapids in the Democratic Republic of Congo. + + + +Author + +Melanie L. J. Stiassny + + + +Author + +Victor Mamonekene + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1614 + + +17 +29 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EFFDCA90-CD71-40DA-B0D1-5E2030D2D945 + +journal article +z01614p017 +EFFDCA90-CD71-40DA-B0D1-5E2030D2D945 + + + + +M. occidentalis +- + + + +AMNH 215533, 1; + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/50/58/1650583FEAE88642D6CA7515196210D1.xml b/data/16/50/58/1650583FEAE88642D6CA7515196210D1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68ba1dae0ac --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/50/58/1650583FEAE88642D6CA7515196210D1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Lutra lutra +subsp. +chinensis +Gray 1837 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Lutra lutra +subsp. +sinensis +Trouessart 1897 + +; + +Lutra lutra +subsp. +hanensis +Matschie 1907 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/50/7B/16507B9EA26BD137336A60C9A842D0E2.xml b/data/16/50/7B/16507B9EA26BD137336A60C9A842D0E2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..15272c0b7f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/50/7B/16507B9EA26BD137336A60C9A842D0E2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,142 @@ + + + +The genus Shirozuella Sasaji (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Shirozuellini) from the Chinese mainland + + + +Author + +Wang, Xing-Min + + + +Author + +Ge, Feng + + + +Author + +Ren, Shun-Xiang + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +182 + + +87 +108 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.182.2430 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.182.2430 +1313-2970-182-87 + + + + +Shirozuella quadrimacularis Yu, 2000 +Figs 27 +-2954- +5868 + + + + +Shirozuella quadrimacularis +: +Yu et al., 2000 +: 187; +Ren et al. 2009 +: 42. + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species can be distinguished from other +Shirozuella +by elytra black with four longitudinal yellow spots (Figs 27-28). + + + +Description. +TL: 1.86mm, TW: 1.2mm, TH: 0.71mm, TL/TW: 1.55; PL/PW: 0.42; EL/EW: 1.25. +Body small, elongate oval, weakly convex. Dorsum covered with relatively sparse pubescence (Figs 27-28). Head black with mouth parts brown. Pronotum black, with lateral margins and anterior corners brown. Scutellum black. Elytron blackish, with two longitudinal yellow spots, one situated at middle of elytral length, less than its width from suture, the other spot smaller, situated slightly past middle, distance to lateral margin slightly more than width of spot, elytral apex slightly yellow. Ventral surfaces uniformly black, except elytral epipleura brown. Legs brown with coxae and tarsi yellow. + +Head moderately large (Fig. 29), 0.40 +x +elytral width (HW/EW=2.50); frontal surface of head capsule slightly convex and rather weakly anteriorly inclined below; punctures on frons fine and inconspicuous, with sparse long setae in punctures; eyes +relatively +large, narrowly separated; widest interocular distance about 1.5 +x +narrowest width. Pronotum 0.68 +x +elytral width (PW/EW=1: 1.48), pronotal punctures extremely fine, separated by 3.0 +-5.0x +a diameter. Scutellum moderately large, triangular. Punctures on elytra moderately large, irregular, obviously larger than those on pronotum, separated by 1.0 +-2.0x +a diameter. + +Pro- and mesoventrite slightly shagreened, punctures inconspicuous, with sparse short setae. Metaventrite broad and glabrous, median part concave, with complete median discrimen; punctures sparse and fine, with short sparse setae. Abdominal postcoxal line complete, v-shaped, touching 2/3 length of ventrite 1 (Fig. 45). +Male genitalia: Penis short and stout, penis capsule small, apex rounded by membrane (Fig. 55); penis guide in lateral view stout, gradually narrowing to apex, apex pointed and curved (Fig. 56); parameres slender, sparsely setose at apex, distinctly longer than penis guide (Fig. 56); penis guide in ventral view short and stout, parallel at basal 10/11, then converging sharply to pointed apex (Fig. 57). + +Female genitalia: Coxities elongate, about 3.5 +x +as long as wide, tapering to blunt apices, styli small and distinct, with short terminal setae (Fig. 58); spermatheca not sclerotized. + + + +Types examined. +Holotype: China. Yunnan: 1♀, Lijiang, iv.1996, Yu GY leg. (BAAF). + + +Other specimens examined. + +China, Sichuan: 1♀, Dafengding, Meigu, [ +28°31.03'N +, +103°18.22'E +], ca 2400m, 21.ix.2007, Wang XM leg. (SCAU); 1♂1♀, Pass 30km SW Mianning [ +28°27.87'N +, +101°58.51'E +], ca 3000-3400m, 11-13.VII.2007, S. Murzin leg. (SCAU). + + + +Distribution. +China (Sichuan, Yunnan). + + +Figures 36-43. 36-40 +Shirozuella motuoensis +sp. n. 36 abdomen 37-39 male genitalia 37 penis 38 tegmen, lateral view 39 tegmen, ventral view 40 female genitalia: ovipositor 41-43 +Shirozuella nibagou +Yu 41 abdomen 42-43 male genitalia 42 penis 43 tegmen, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 44-53. 44-48 +Shirozuella tibetina +sp. n. 44 abdomen 45-47 male genitalia 45 penis 46 tegmen, lateral view 47 tegmen, ventral view 48 female genitalia: ovipositor. 49-53 +Shirozuella unciforma +sp. n. 49 abdomen; 50-52 male genitalia: 50 penis 51 tegmen, lateral view 52 tegmen, ventral view 53 female genitalia: ovipositor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/14/1651145AC2C793E6AC3F0E876294D7F3.xml b/data/16/51/14/1651145AC2C793E6AC3F0E876294D7F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c5fe0a5d0cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/14/1651145AC2C793E6AC3F0E876294D7F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Anacardiaceae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292251 + +book +292251 +10.5281/zenodo.292251 +3-7643-0527-4 + + + +<subSubSection id="35BBD002E4567BFAFCA7A5403AC9EEA4" pageId="null" pageNumber="676" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="34F2137C885B33A932711885DE309A87" pageId="null" pageNumber="676"> +<taxonomicName id="EF90D4BDA687434A8664ACF0DEE85C1C" authority="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="null" pageNumber="676" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus"> +<normalizedToken id="815B37DE9BB2A79F0022B8CBF4A67872" originalValue="Rhús" pageId="null" pageNumber="676">Rhus</normalizedToken> +<authorityName id="6F573CF07B0A0E1F8AC364076D0CAA24" pageId="null" pageNumber="676">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="8D29E6C28C446D013D6FEEDEF066BB6E" pageId="null" pageNumber="676" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="1A5BCE2557C27F4B537DFA0C5F1E7EF9" pageId="null" pageNumber="676">Sumach</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Baeume +oder +Straeucher +, +immergruen +oder +sommergruen +, oft mit Milchsaft. +Blaetter +ungeteilt oder gefiedert (mit Endteilblatt). +Blueten +⚥, ♂ und ♀, wobei Pflanze 1 +haeusig +oder 2 +haeusig +. Kelch 5teilig. +Kronblaetter +5, frei. +Staubblaetter +5. +Fruchtblaetter +3, verwachsen, +oberstaendig +, nur 1 Fruchtblatt mit sich entwickelnder Samenanlage. Griffel 3teilig, + +endstaendig +. + +Frucht kugelig, +eifoermig +oder abgeflacht, eine 1samige Steinfrucht. + + +Die Gattung + +Rhus + +umfasst +nach +Kruessmann +(1962) +150 Arten +, nach Engler (1964) +60 Arten. +Die Gattung ist +urspruenglich +in Nordamerika +( +besonders in den USA +) +und Ostasien +( +China, Indochina, Japan +) +verbreitet. +Aus der Gattung ist die +Chromosomenzahl +2n = 30 bekannt. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/76/165176E22EBFAE11A8F4AE8B576DA87A.xml b/data/16/51/76/165176E22EBFAE11A8F4AE8B576DA87A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ad2f31a00d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/76/165176E22EBFAE11A8F4AE8B576DA87A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +A first checklist of the Pteridophytes of Togo (West Africa) + + + +Author + +Abotsi, Komla Elikplim + + + +Author + +Kokou, Kouami + + + +Author + +Dubuisson, Jean-Yves + + + +Author + +Rouhan, Germinal + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +24137 +24137 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24137 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24137 +1314-2828--24137 + + + + +Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12410 +; recordNumber: 7864; recordedBy: +Brunel, J.-F. +; Taxon: scientificName: Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br.; namePublishedIn: Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 162 (1810); kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Pteridophyta; class: Polypodiopsida; order: Schizaeales; family: Lygodiaceae; genus: Lygodium; specificEpithet: microphyllum; scientificNameAuthorship: (Cav.) R. Br.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; countryCode: TG; locality: + +Danyi +Dzogbegan + +; verbatimElevation: +786 +; verbatimSRS: WGS84; decimalLatitude: +7.236561041 +; decimalLongitude: +0.688195106 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: +Brunel, J.-F. +; dateIdentified: /06/1983; Event: eventDate: +/06/1983 +; habitat: Rainforest; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium Togoense; collectionID: Brunel, J.-F.; institutionCode: +TOGO +; basisOfRecord: Preserved specimen + + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Native + + + +Distribution +Zone 4 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/80/16518032F2DB7CA73EA981E2D9A50FF2.xml b/data/16/51/80/16518032F2DB7CA73EA981E2D9A50FF2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69a6ba1df58 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/80/16518032F2DB7CA73EA981E2D9A50FF2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,216 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Muridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +1189 +1531 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Myomyscus yemeni +Sanborn and Hoogstraal 1953 + + + + + + + +Myomyscus yemeni +Sanborn and Hoogstraal 1953 + +, +Fieldiana Zool., 34: 241 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Yemen +, Kariet Wadi Dhahr, six miles (9.7 km) northwest of +San'a +, +6400 ft +( + +1950 m + +). + + + + + +Vernacular Names: + +Yemen +White-footed Rat + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Recorded only from N +Yemen +and SW +Saudi Arabia +(see Harrision and Bates, 1991:249; also references in +Al-Jumaily, 1998 +, for +Yemen +population). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Lower Risk (lc) as + +Myomys yemeni + +. + + + + +Discussion: +Originally described by +Sanborn and Hoogstraal (1953) +as a subspecies of + +Myomys fumatus + +(= + +brockmani + +), the diagnostic traits of + +yemeni + +are outside the range of variation recorded for any sample of + +M. brockmani + +. Our study of +holotype +and specimens of + +M. yemeni + +and + +M. brockmani + +at +FMNH +revealed that + +M. yemeni + +is much larger in body, cranial, and dental dimensions than + +M. brockmani + +(no overlap in length of molar rows, for example), with paler pelage and significantly larger ears and auditory bullae (both absolutely and relative to body size). The morphological attributes of + +M. yemeni + +define a distinctive species; however, its phylogenetic relationships to other species in the genus, or within the + +Stenocephalemys + +Division, have yet to be fully resolved. Analyses of mtDNA cytochrome +b +sequences, for example, suggests + +M. yemeni + +to be more closely related to + +Praomys verschureni + +than to any other species we retain in + +Myomyscus +( + +Lecompte et al., 2002 +b + +) + +, but nuclear +IRBP +gene sequences indicates + +M. yemeni + +, along with + +M. brockmani + +, to form a sister group to + +Stenocephalemys + +and should be included in that genus ( +Lecompte, 2003 +). Chromosomal traits (2n = FNa = 36) described by +Lecompte (2003) +. Reviewed (as + +fumatus + +) by +Harrison and Bates (1991) +and the +Yemen +population by +Al-Jumaily (1998) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9267FFE9FF6FFE7DFF8E1288.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9267FFE9FF6FFE7DFF8E1288.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..48a13dc8fbd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9267FFE9FF6FFE7DFF8E1288.xml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius +( +Deroleptus +) +planicollis + +nov.sp. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 34-45 +) + + + + + +Type material: + +Holotype +♂ +: " +CHINA +[18] - +Yunnan +, mts S +Jianshui +, broad-leaved for., +23°25'20''N +, +102°51'05''E +, + +1890 m + +, + +22.VIII.2014 + +, +V. Assing +/ Holotypus ♂ + + +Orphnebius planicollis + +sp. n. + +, det. +V. Assing +2015" ( +cAss +) + +. + +Paratype +♀ +: same data as holotype ( +cAss +). + + + + +Etymology: The specific epithet (Latin: adjective) alludes to the absence of impressions on the pronotum. + + + +Description: Species of moderate and rather variable size ( +Figs 34-35, 37-38 +), body length 5.2-6.0 mm; length of forebody +2.2-2.7 mm +. Coloration: body brown to dark-brown, with the posterior and lateral margins of the abdominal segments paler; legs reddish with brown femora; antenna pale-reddish. + + +Head ( +Figs 34-35 +) strongly transverse, approximately 1.45 times as wide as long, posteriorly vertically sloping ventrad towards neck, but not angled (lateral view); behind eyes abruptly curved; general outline of posterior margin transversely truncate, in the middle weakly, but distinctly concave; neck approximately 0.28 times as wide as head; punctation fine and rather sparse, absent along middle of dorsal surface; interstices without microsculpture. Eyes large, strongly bulging, and of oblong ellipsoid shape, not situated laterally, but dorso-laterally, nearly reaching posterior margin of head. Antenna ( +Fig. 36 +) symmetric, +1.7-2.1 mm +long, and slender. + + +Pronotum ( +Figs 34-35 +) weakly convex in cross-section, of transversely trapezoid shape, 1.42-1.50 times as wide as long and 0.94-0.98 times as wide as head, broadest at or near anterior angles; anterior and posterior angles marked; posterior margin weakly concave in the middle; disc without impressions; punctation sparse and extremely fine, barely noticeable; pubescence fine, short, depressed, and whitish; laterally, anteriorly, and posteriorly distinctly margined and without long setae. + + +Elytra ( +Figs 34-35 +) distinctly widened posteriorly and 1.31-1.38 times as long as pronotum; suture gaping posteriorly; along suture smoothly and weakly elevated; punctation moderately sparse, fine (but more distinct than that of pronotum), and not granulose; interstices without microreticulation; pubescence whitish, depressed, longer than that of pronotum. Hind wings present. Legs conspicuously long and slender; metatibia smoothly curved; metatibia +1.05-1.33 mm +long; metatarsus 0.93-0.94 times as long as metatibia; metatarsomere I as long as, or slightly longer than, the combined length of II and III. + + + +Figs 34-39 +: + +Orphnebius planicollis + +nov.sp. +( +34, 36-37, 39 +: holotype; +35, 38 +: paratype): male forebody ( +34 +); female foreboy ( +35 +); antenna ( +36 +); male abdomen ( +37 +); female abdomen ( +38 +); anterior portion of left side of abdomen in dorso-lateral view ( +39 +). Scale bars: 1.0 mm. + + + + +Figs 40-45 +: + +Orphnebius planicollis + +nov.sp. +: ( +40 +); male abdominal segments VII-VIII in dorsal view ( +40 +); median lobe of aedeagus in lateral and in ventral view ( +41-42 +); paramere ( +43 +); apical portion of paramere ( +44 +); spermatheca ( +45 +). Scale bars: 40: 0.5 mm; 41-45: 0.2 mm. + + + +Abdomen ( +Fig 37-39 +) wedge-shaped, distinctly tapering posteriad (lateral sternal processes not considered); sternites III and IV postero-laterally with conspicuous processes of distinctive, possibly sexually dimorphic shapes; tergites strongly transverse; tergites III-VI impunctate, except for a setiferous puncture in postero-lateral angles bearing a stout black seta; integument without microsculpture; tergite VII ( +Fig. 40 +) with dense and coarse punctation nearly extending to anterior margin, near posterior margin with a transverse row of four to six coarse granules, posterior margin with palisade fringe; tergite VIII ( +Fig. 40 +) with dense and coarse punctation (similar to those of tergite VII), posterior margin distinctly serrate and in the middle weakly to distinctly conave; sternite VIII posteriorly simply convex, without conspicuous processes. + + +♂: postero-lateral processes of sternites III and IV strongly developed, shaped as in +Figs 37, 39 +; median lobe of aedeagus ( +Figs 41-42 +) +0.65 mm +long and of distinctive shape; lateral margins of ventral process furnished with numerous minute setae (best visible in ventral view); paramere ( +Figs 43-44 +) +0.58 mm +long; paramerite apically truncate, membranous, and with approximately three minute setae. + + +♀ +: postero-lateral processes of sternites III and IV less pronounced and of more simple shape than in male ( +Fig. 38 +); spermatheca ( +Fig. 45 +) +0.4 mm +long and of highly distinctive shape. + + + + +Comment: At present, it is uncertain whether the differences in the shapes of the postero-lateral processes of the anterior abdominal sternites are related to body size or a sexual dimorphism. The female +paratype +is distinctly smaller than the male +holotype +. + + +Comparative notes: + +Orphnebius planicollis + +is easily distinguished from the other two + +Deroleptus + +species recorded from +China +( + +O. draco + +, + +O. multimpressus + +) by numerous characters, in particular its smaller size, the paler coloration of the body, the legs, and especially the antennae, the shape of the head (more transverse, posteriorly truncate and in the middle concave), the absence of impressions on the pronotum, the non-granulose punctation of the elytra, the absence of microsculpture on the elytra, the shapes of the postero-lateral processes of the anterior abdominal sternites, the coarsely, densely, and more extensively granulose sculpture of tergites VII and VIII, the simple sternite VIII (without pronounced posterior processes), and the distinctive shapes of the median lobe of the aedeagus, the paramere, and the spermatheca. + + + + +Distribution and natural history: The +type +locality is situated in a mountain range to the south of Jianshui, southeastern Yunnan, not far from the border with +Vietnam +. The specimens were sifted from litter in a subtropical broad-leaed forest at an altitude of +1890 m +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFA32FA101664.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFA32FA101664.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2f18db45602 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFA32FA101664.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius paucisetosus +ASSING + +, +2009 + + + + + + +Material examined + +Nepal +: 1♂, Taplejung district, Bhalukhop, +11.-21.V.2013 +, leg. Kučera (cAss). + + + + + +Comment: The above male is the first specimen recorded since the original description, which is based on a unique male from Taplejung district ( +ASSING 2009 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFBD5FC4F152E.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFBD5FC4F152E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6f5d0ee48e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFBD5FC4F152E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius hastatus +ASSING + +, +2006 + + + + + + +Material examined + +Nepal +: +10 exs. +, SW-Dhaulagiri, +Dhara Khola valley +, +28°31'N +, +83°18'E +, + +1900 m + +, + +21.-22.V.2012 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +, cAss) + +; + +1 ex. +, +Gandaki prov. +, +Manaslu +, +Bara Pokhari Lekh +, +Chhandi Khola +, + +2000-2300 m + +, + +11.-12.IV.2003 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +) + +; + +1 ex. +, +Manaslu, S +Bara Pokhari +, + +2300 m + +, + +8.IV.2003 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +) + +; + +1 ex. +, +Manaslu +, S +Bara Pokhari +, +28°15'N +, +84°25'E +, + +2100 m + +, + +29.IV.2005 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +) + +; + +5 exs. +, +Manaslu +, +Dudh Pokhari Lekh +, below +Helam Pokhari +, + +2000 m + +, + +22.IV.2003 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +, cAss) + +. + + + + +Comment: The original description of + +O. hastatus + +is based on a unique +holotype +from the Manaslu range ( +ASSING 2006a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFDCCFCB41412.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFDCCFCB41412.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ed44b2eaff7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFDCCFCB41412.xml @@ -0,0 +1,368 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius jumlaicus +ASSING + +, +2006 + + + + + + +Material examined + +Nepal +: 1♂, +1♀ +, +Karnali province +, +Jumla district +, + +2 km +W Gothichaur + +, + +2700 m + +, + +20.V.1995 + +, leg. +Weigel +( +NME +) + +; + +1♀ +, +Karnali province +, +Munigaon +, +Babila river +, + +2500 m + +, + +4.V.1995 + +, leg. +Weigel +( +NME +) + +; + +1♂, +Jumla district +, + +2 km +W Churta + +, + +2900 m + +, +pitfall trap +, + +19.V.1995 + +, leg. +Weigel +(cAss) + +; + +1♀ +, +Jumla district +, +Jumla +env., + +23.V.1995 + +, leg. +Weigel +(cAss). +All +the above specimens have the following identification label attached to them: " + +Orphnebius hauseri +Epp. + +, det. +R. Pace +2003" + +; + +1♂, +Karnali prov. +, +Jumla distr. +, +Maharigaon +, +29°20'N +, +82°23'E +, + +3250 m + +, + +8.-9.VII.1999 + +, leg. +Hartmann +( +NME +) + +; + +1♂, same data, but + +3200 m + +, + +16.VI.1977 + +, leg. +Weipert +( +NME +) + +; + +1♂, +Karnali prov. +, +Jumla distr. +, + +14 km +E Jumla + +, +Jharjwala +, + +2600 m + +, stream valley, + +23.V.1995 + +, leg. +Hartmann +( +NME +) + +; + +8 exs. +, +Karnali prov. +, +Jumla distr. +, +Gothichaur +, +29°12'N +, +82°18'E +, + +2850 m + +, forest, +pitfall +, + +13.VI.1997 + +, leg. +Weigel +( +NME +, cAss) + +; + +1 ex. +, +2 km +W +Gothichaur +, +29°12'N +, +82°19'E +, + +2850 m + +, + +13.VI.1997 + +, leg. +Hartmann +( +NME +) + +; + +1 ex. +, +Gothichaur +, +29°12'N +, +82°19'E +, + +2900-3100 m + +, + +12.VI.1997 + +, leg. +Weipert +(cAss). + + +Kashmir +: +1 ex. +, +Aru +, + +X.1977 + +, leg. +Franz +( +NHMW +) + +; + +5 exs. +, +Pahalgam +, + +X.1977 + +, leg. +Franz +( +NHMW +, cAss). + + +India +: +1 ex. +, +Himachal Pradesh +, +Katrain +near +Kulu +[PA358], leg. +Franz +(cAss) + +. + + + + +Comment: + +Orphnebius jumlaicus + +was previously known only from Jumla district in West +Nepal +( +ASSING 2006a +). The above records from Himachal Pradesh and Kashmir considerably expand the known distribution westwards. Some of the above material from West +Nepal +had been misidentified as + +O. hauseri + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFE82FFFB1265.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFE82FFFB1265.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..22f5af67b7a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9272FFF9FF6FFE82FFFB1265.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius hauseri +EPPELSHEIM + +, +1895 + + + + + + +Material examined: + +India +Uttarakhand +: +13, 5 km NW +Ghangaria +, +"valley of flowers" +, "N30*43.356' E079*85.309'", + +3420 m + +, [date not indicated, probably + +VI.2011 + +], leg. +Shavrin +( +cAss +). + + + + + +Comment: Confirmed records of + +O. hauseri + +were previously known only from Himachal Pradesh and +Nepal +( +ASSING 2009 +). Previous records from +China +and +Taiwan +( +PACE 2010 +, +2012 +) and even some from +Nepal +( +PACE 1992 +) are undoubtedly based on misidentified material (see +ASSING 2006a +, the section on + +O. jumlaicus + +, and the description of + +O. formosanus + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFD1FFD61133E.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFD1FFD61133E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..42edeaff86b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFD1FFD61133E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius tricuspis +ASSING + +, +2009 + + + + + + +Material examined: + +China +: +1♀ +, +Yunnan +, Gaoligong Shan, Baoshan Pref., +32 km +SE Tengchong, 24°51-53'N, 98°45'E, degraded primary and secondary forest, litter sifted, +26.VIII.2009 +, leg. Schülke (cSch). + + + + + +Comment: The above specimen was collected close to the +type +locality and represents the first record of this species since the original description. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFE7FFF8612DB.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFE7FFF8612DB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fe036f061f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFE7FFF8612DB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius ancorarius +ASSING + +, +2011 + + + + + + +Material examined + +Nepal +: +1♂ +, +2 exs. +, +Rasuwa District +, + +1.5 km +NE + +" +Bhargu +" [probably identical to +Bharku +, approximately +28°08'N +, +85°19'E +], + +2000 m + +, + +12.IV.1985 + +, leg. +Smetana +( +MHNG +, +cAss +). + + + + + +Comment: Previously, only the +holotype +from Ilam District in East +Nepal +was known ( +ASSING 2011 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFF77FC8211F8.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFF77FC8211F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..437a113a410 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFF8FF6FFF77FC8211F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius mutabilis +ASSING + +, +2006 + + + + + + +Material examined + +Nepal +: 1♂, +Manaslu +, E-slope of +Ngali Khola valley +, +28°22N +, +84°30E +, + +2800-3000 m + +, + +28.V.2005 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +) + +; + +2 exs. +, +Kali +Gandaki +valley, above +Lete +, + +2800 m + +, + +19.V.2002 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +, cAss) + +; + +1 ex. +, +Dhaulagiri +, SE slope, SW-slope of +Lete +pass, + +2700-3000 m + +, + +13.V.2002 + +, leg. +Schmidt +( +NME +) + +. + + + + +Comment: The known distribution of + +O. mutabilis + +extends from the +Dhaulagiri +range in Central +Nepal +to the very east of +Nepal +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFFAFF6FFC22FC5F167F.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFFAFF6FFC22FC5F167F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f36952f018e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9273FFFAFF6FFC22FC5F167F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,276 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius tridentatus + +nov.sp. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 1-8 +) + + + + + +Type material: + +Holotype +♂ +: " +CHINA +: +Yunnan +, +Lincang Pref +., +Wuliang Shan +, old pass road, W side, +24°42'58.6''N +, +100°29'52.0''E +, + +2200 m + +, +small creek valley with primary forest remnant, litter sifted +, + +16.IX.2009 + +, leg. +M. Schülke +[CH09-47a] / Holotypus ♂ + + +Orphnebius tridentatus + +sp. n. + +, det. +V. Assing +2015" ( +cAss +). + + + + +Etymology: The specific epithet (Latin, adjective: with three teeth) alludes to the shape of the abdominal tergite VIII. + + + +Description: Body length +4.7 mm +; length of forebody +1.8 mm +. Coloration: head and pronotum blackish; elytra blackish-brown; abdomen bicoloured, with segments III-V, VIII-X, and anterior fifth of segment VI yellowish-red, and with segment VII and posterior four-fifths of segment VI blackish-brown; legs dark-brown with paler tarsi; antennae with antennomere I-III reddish-brown, IV brown, and V-XI blackish. + + +Head ( +Fig. 1 +) approximately as long as broad; punctation fine and sparse. Eyes large and bulging, but noticeably shorter than distance from posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction in dorsal view. Antenna ( +Fig. 2 +) long and slender, +1.5 mm +long, symmetric, somewhat resembling those of species of +Calliceru +s GRAVENHORST, 1802 and + +Ilyobates +KRAATZ, 1856 + +; antennomeres III conspicuously oblong, approximately three times as long as broad, IV-X cylindric, IV approximately 1.5 times as long as broad, V oblong, VI weakly oblong, VII approximately as long as broad, VIII-IX weakly transverse, X moderately transverse, and XI shorter than the combined length of IX and X. + + + +Figs 1-8 +: + +Orphnebius tridentatus + +nov.sp. +: forebody ( +1 +); antenna ( +2 +); abdomen ( +3 +); male tergite VIII ( +4 +); male sternite VIII ( +5 +); median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view ( +6 +); median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view ( +7 +); paramere ( +8 +). Scale bars: 1-3: 1.0 mm; 4-5: 0.2 mm; 6-8: 0.1 mm. + + + +Pronotum ( +Fig. 1 +) weakly transverse, 1.1 times as broad as long and 1.22 times as broad as head, broadest at posterior angles; lateral margins weakly diverging posteriad and nearly straight; posterior angles obtusely marked; posterior margin strongly convex; disc with very few scattered setiferous punctures, laterally with sparse setiferous punctures and with two long black setae on either side; lateral margins without long black setae; microsculpture absent. + + +Elytra ( +Fig. 1 +) slightly shorter, and at posterior margin much broader than pronotum; punctation fine and sparse; pubescence long, dark, and suberect. Hind wings present. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 3 +) wedge-shaped, widest at base; tergites III-VI with sharp and pronounced paratergites gradually decreasing in height; tergites III-V impunctate except for some minute punctures at posterior margins, a long and stout black seta in posterolateral angles on either side, and with few setae on paratergites; tergite VI impunctate and without pubescence on disc, but with two long and black lateral setae on either side, with four long black setae at posterior margin, and with one long seta on paratergite on either side, near lateral margin with a longitudinal fold in posterior third; tergite VII with conspicuously coarse and dense non-setiferous punctures; posterior margin of tergite VII with pronounced palisade fringe. + + +♂: tergite VIII ( +Fig. 4 +) posteriorly with a small median and two larger lateral projections of triangular shape; sternite VIII ( +Fig. 5 +) of distinctive shape; median lobe of aedeagus ( +Figs 6-7 +) small and slender, +0.35 mm +long, and without sclerotized internal structures; parameres ( +Fig. 8 +) slender, +0.35 mm +long, and weakly modified. + + +♀ +: unknown. + + + + +Comparative notes: Based on the external characters (head approximately as long as broad; antennal morphology; modifications of abdominal tergites VI and VII; posterior margin of tergite VIII tricuspidate), + +O. tridentatus + +undoubtedly belongs to the + +O. nanlingensis + +group, which previously included + +O. tricuspis + +(male sexual characters unknown) and + +O. nanlingensis + +( +Fujian +, +Guangdong +). It differs from the former by less massive antennae with more slender antennomeres IIII and IV, by the paler coloration ( + +O. tricuspis + +: femora black; apex of abdomen darker), by the less slender and less convex (cross-section) pronotum ( + +O. tricuspis + +: pronotum 1.05 times as broad as long), the different sculpture of the abdominal segments VI and VII ( + +O. tricuspis + +: tergite VI with more pronounced and longer lateral fold and with additional median folds posteriorly), and by the smaller median projection of the abdominal tergite VIII. The new species is separated from + +O. nanlingensis + +by different coloration ( + +O. nanlingensis + +: abdomen not distinctly bicoloured, more or less uniformly dark-brown; antennae reddish-brown), the shape of the head ( + +O. nanlingensis + +: noticeably transverse), longer and more slender antennae, the shorter and less pronounced postero-lateral folds on the abdominal tergite VI, the differently shaped posterior margin of tergite VIII, as well as by the morphology of the aedeagus ( + +O. nanlingensis + +: median lobe +0.4 mm +long; ventral process straight in lateral view and with longer and more acute apex in ventral view). For illustrations of + +O. tricuspis + +and + +O. nanlingensis + +see +ASSING (2006b +, +2009 +). + + + + +Distribution and natural history: The type locality is situated in the Wuliang Shan in West +Yunnan +. The +holotype +was sifted from leaf litter in a primary forest remnant at an altitude of +2200 m +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC9279FFECFF6FFF77FDF811F5.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9279FFECFF6FFF77FDF811F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90fc2e7d79b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC9279FFECFF6FFF77FDF811F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,285 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius +( +Deroleptus +) +multimpressus + +nov.sp. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 28-33 +) + + + + + +Type material: + +Holotype +♀ +: " +China +: +Yunnan Prov. +, +Xichuanbanna +, +Guang Ping +, + +34 km +N + +Jinhong +, + +28.-29.VIII.2009 + +, + +1200 m + +, leg. +S. Murzin +/ Holotypus ♀ + + +Orphnebius multimpressus + +sp. n. + +, det. +V. Assing +2015" ( +cAss +). + + + + +Etymology: The specific epithet (adjective) alludes to the five impressions on the pronotum. + + + +Description: Large species, body length +8.3 mm +; length of forebody +3.2 mm +. Habitus as in +Fig. 28 +. Coloration: body blackish, with the posterior margins of the abdominal segments dark-reddish; legs blackish-brown with black femora and reddishbrown protarsi; antennae blackish-brown with antennomere II and base of III reddish-brown. Head ( +Fig. 29 +) distinctly transverse, approximately 1.3 times as wide as long, posteriorly vertically sloping ventrad towards neck, but not angulate (lateral view); behind eyes smoothly curved towards neck (dorsal view), posterior angles completely obsolete; neck approximately 0.3 times as wide as head; punctation fine and rather sparse, absent in antero-median dorsal portion and on frons; microsculpture in median dorsal portion obsolete, very shallow in lateral portion (near eyes). Eyes large, strongly bulging, and of oblong ellipsoid shape, not situated laterally, but dorso-laterally. Antenna not distinctly asymmetric, approximately +2.5 mm +long, and slender. + + + +Figs 28-33 +: + +Orphnebius multimpressus + +nov.sp. +: habitus ( +28 +); forebody ( +29 +); abdomen ( +30 +); tergite VIII ( +31 +); sternite VIII ( +32 +); spermatheca ( +33 +). Scale bars: 28-30: 1.0 mm; 31-32: 0.5 mm; 33: 0.2 mm. + + + +Pronotum ( +Fig. 29 +) moderately convex in cross-section, of transversely quadrangular shape, approximately 1.3 times as wide as long and as wide as head; anterior and posterior angles marked; disc posteriorly with five impressions together somewhat resembling a maple leaf; punctation sparse and extremely fine, barely noticeable; pubescence short and depressed; laterally, anteriorly, and posteriorly distinctly margined and without long setae. + + +Elytra ( +Fig. 29 +) distinctly widened posteriorly and nearly as long as pronotum; suture gaping posteriorly; punctation moderately sparse and distinctly granulose; interstices with pronounced microreticulation. Hind wings present. Legs conspicuously long and slender; mesotiba weakly, metatibia more strongly curved; metatibia +1.7 mm +long. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 30 +) wedge-shaped, distinctly tapering posteriad (lateral sternal processes not considered); sternites III-VI postero-laterally with conspicuous processes, that of sternite IV and particularly that of sternite V enormous and of highly characteristic shape; tergites strongly transverse, disc of tergite V 1.8 times as broad as long (length measured from anterior transverse line to posterior margin; width measured between paratergites); tergites III-VI impunctate, except for some barely noticeable minute setiferous punctures at the posterior margins; integument without microsculpture; posterior 3/5 of tergite VII and tergite VIII with coarse and dense non-setiferous punctures; posterior margin of tergite VII with distinct palisade fringe; sternite VIII posteriorly with pair of lateral processes and pronounced median process. + + +♀ +: tergite VIII posteriorly with numerous denticles ( +Fig. 31 +); sternite VIII as in +Fig. 32 +; spermatheca small in relation to body size, shaped as in +Fig. 33. + + + + +Comparative notes: According to +HLAVÁČ et al. (2011) +, 13 species have been assigned to + +Deroleptus + +, most of them distributed in the Oriental region ( +Sri Lanka +, Peninsular +Malaysia +, +Indonesia +, +Philippines +). One species, + +O. niger +(CAMERON, 1939) + +, has been recorded from Assam and one, + +O. draco + +, from +China +. The similar external characters suggest that + +O. multimpressus + +is closely allied to + +O. draco + +, which too was desribed from +Yunnan +. It differs from this species by the coloration ( + +O. draco + +: lateral extensions of abdominal sternites III-V dark yellowish), the shorter antennae ( + +O. draco + +: approximately +3 mm +long), the punctation of the head ( + +O. draco + +: postero-median portion of head without punctures), the less convex (cross-section) and more transverse pronotum ( + +O. draco + +: approximately 1.2 times as broad as long), the finer punctation and different impressions on the pronotum ( + +O. draco + +: with two impressions on either side of middle and with long transverse impression near posterior margin), the shorter legs ( + +O. draco + +: metatibia approximately +2 mm +long), the shorter and differently shaped lateral extensions of the abdominal sternite III-V, the broader abdominal tergites ( + +O. draco + +: disc of tergite V barely 1.5 times as broad as long), and by the shape of the spermatheca. For illustrations of + +O. draco + +see +ASSING (2010) +. The new species is readily distinguished from + +O. niger + +by the darker antennae ( + +O. niger + +: antennae yellowish-red with the apical three antennomeres black), the shapes of the lateral projections of the abdominal sternites III-VI ( + +O. niger + +: lateral projections of sternite IV bifid), and the different shape of the abdominal tergite VIII ( + +O. niger + +: posterior margin broadly and deeply emarginate, the middle of the emargination with a stout blunt tooth). + + + + +Distribution and natural history: The +type +locality is situated in southwestern +Yunnan +at an altitude of +1200 m +. Additional data are not available. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC927BFFF3FF6FFA68FCB81614.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927BFFF3FF6FFA68FCB81614.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..640d5af00a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927BFFF3FF6FFA68FCB81614.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius incrassatus + +nov.sp. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 22-25 +) + + + + + +Type material: + +Holotype +♀ +: " +CHINA +: +Yunnan +, +Baoshan Pref +., +Gaoligong Shan +, + +33 km +SE + +Tengchong +, + +2150 m + +, +24°51'22''N +, +98°45'36''E +, +devast. primery [sic] deciduous forest, litter, wood, mushrooms sifted +, + +26.VIII.2009 + +, leg. +M. Schülke +[CH09-08] / Holotypus ♀ + + +Orphnebius incrassatus + +sp. n. + +, det. +V. Assing +2015" ( +cAss +). + + + + +Etymology: The specific epithet (Latin, adjective) alludes to the conspicuously incrassate antennae. + + + +Description: Body length 4.0 mm; length of forebody +1.6 mm +. Coloration: forebody black; abdomen yellowish-red, strongly contrasting with the forebody; legs dark-brown with paler tarsi; antennae with antennomeres I-III dark-brown and antennomeres IV-XI blackish. + + +Head ( +Fig. 22 +) 1.25 times as broad as long; distinctly angled posteriorly in lateral view, i.e., dorsal surface meeting with posterior surface at a sharp angle; punctation of dorsal surface extremely fine and sparse. Eyes large and bulging, nearly reaching posterior margin in dorsal view. Antenna ( +Fig. 23 +) 1.0 mm long, strongly incrassate; antennomeres IV moderately transverse; V-X strongly transverse, approximately twice as broad as long, of gradually increasing width; XI distinctly elongated, approximately as long as VIII-X combined. + + +Pronotum ( +Fig. 22 +) strongly transverse, nearly 1.5 times as broad as long and 1.45 times as broad as head, broadest approximately in the middle; lateral margins strongly convex in dorsal view; posterior angles obsolete, broadly convex; disc nearly impunctate, only with scattered minute setiferous punctures; microsculpture absent; lateral margins each with few moderately long brownish setae. + + +Elytra ( +Fig. 22 +) slightly shorter, and at posterior margin much broader than pronotum; punctation fine and sparse; pubescence whitish, sparse, and suberect. Hind wings present. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 24 +) broad and wedge-shaped, widest at base; tergites III-VI with sharp and pronounced paratergites gradually decreasing in height; tergites III-VI impunctate except for some minute punctures at posterior margins; tergite VII with rather coarse, oblong, and moderately dense non-setiferous punctures in posterior two-thirds; posterior margin of tergite VII with pronounced palisade fringe. + +♂: unknown. + +♀ +: tergite VIII posteriorly approximately 20 fine dark setae posteriorly, posterior margin broadly and strongly convex; sternite VIII with broadly and strongly convex posterior margin; sclerites of segments IX and X modified, with dense and moderately long pubescence; spermatheca ( +Fig. 25 +) of distinctive shape. + + + +Comment: This species is described exclusively based on a female because the external characters and the shape of the spermatheca are most likely highly distinctive. + +Comparative notes: Based on the modified abdominal segments IX-X, + +O. incrassatus + +belongs to the + +O. hauseri + +group sensu lato. It is distinguished from the species of the + +O. hauseri + +group sensu strictu by the strongly transverse pronotum and the shape of the spermatheca. As can be inferred from external characters (head posteriorly angled in lateral view; pronotum strongly transverse and with obsolete posterior angles; chaetotaxy of the abdomen) and the shape of the spermatheca, + +O. incrassatus + +is most closely allied to the geographically close + +O. truncus +ASSING, 2009 + +, from which it differs particularly by the conspicuously incrassate antennae, the darker coloration of the legs and the antennae, and by the shape of the spermatheca. For illustrations of + +O. truncus + +see +ASSING (2009) +. + + + + +Distribution and natural history: The type locality is situated in the Gaoligong Shan in western +Yunnan +. The +holotype +was sifted from leaf litter in a degraded primary forest at an altitude of +2150 m +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC927CFFF0FF6FFC73FD4111DE.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927CFFF0FF6FFC73FD4111DE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f5a4a3c3e9f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927CFFF0FF6FFC73FD4111DE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,445 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius formosanus + +nov.sp. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 16-21 +, +26-27 +) + + + + + + + + +Orphnebius hauseri +: +PACE (2010: 23) + + +. + + + + + +Type material: + +Holotype +♂ +: " +Taiwan +, +Nantou Hsien +, +Meifeng +, + +2130 m + +, + +4.V.1998 + +, +A. Smetana +[T197] + +/ + +Orphnebius hauseri +Epp. + +, det. R. Pace 2005 / Holotypus ♂ + +Orphnebius formosanus + +sp. n. +, det. +V. Assing +2013" ( +cAss +). + +Paratypes +[all dissected prior to present study and labelled " + +Orphnebius hauseri +Epp. + +, det. +R. Pace +2005"]: +1♂ +: " +Taiwan +, +Taichung +Hsien, Anmashan, + +2150 m + +, + +13.V.92 + +, +A. Smetana +[T129]" ( +cSme +) + +; + +1♀ +: " +Taiwan +, +Taichung +Hsien +, +Anmashan +, + +2230 m + +, + +12.V.92 + +, +A. Smetana +[T127]" ( +cSme +) + +; + +1♂ +: " +Taiwan +, +Kaohsiung +Hsien +, +Peinantashan +trail, + +2500 m + +, + +4.VII.93 + +, +A. Smetana +[T136]" ( +cSme +) + +; + +1♂ +: " +Taiwan +, +Kaohsuing +[sic] +Hsien +, +Kuanshan Trail +at +Kaunshanchi Riv. +, + +2400 m + +, + +20.VII.93 + +, +A. Smetana +[T158]" ( +cAss +) + +; + +2♀♀ +: " +Taiwan +, +Kaohsiung Hsien +, +Kuanshan trail +at +Kaunshanchi Riv. +, + +2400 m + + +20.IV.1992 + +, +A. Smetana +[T94]" ( +MHNG +) + +; + +1♂ +: " +Taiwan +, +Pingtung Hsien +, +Peitawushan +trail at + +1500 m + +, + +1.V.1992 + +, +A. Smetana +[T110]" ( +cAss +) + +. + + + + +Etymology: The specific epithet (adjective) is derived from Formosa, the ancient name of +Taiwan +. + + + + +Description: Body length 4.6-5.0 mm; length of forebody +1.9-2.1 mm +. Coloration: forebody blackish; abdomen bright reddish, strongly contrasting with the forebody; legs with dark-brown to blackish-brown femora, brown tibiae, and reddish tarsi; antennae with antennomeres V-XI blackish and antennomeres I-IV of variable coloration (reddish to blackish). + + +Head ( +Fig. 16 +) approximately 1.25 times as broad as long; punctation fine and of somewhat variable density, moderately dense to rather dense. Eyes large and bulging, distinctly longer than distance from posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction in dorsal view. Antenna ( +Fig. 17 +) +1.3-1.4 mm +long, slightly asymmetric; antennomeres V-X increasingly transverse and of increasing width; X more than 1.5, but less than 2.0 times as broad as long; XI distinctly elongated, at least as long as VIII-X combined. + + + +Figs 16-21 +: + +Orphnebius formosanus + +nov.sp. +: forebody ( +16 +); antenna ( +17 +); abdomen ( +18 +); median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view ( +19 +); median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view ( +20 +); paramere ( +21 +). Scale bars: 16-18: 0.5 mm; 19-21: 0.2 mm. + + + +Pronotum ( +Fig. 16 +) moderately transverse, 1.17-1.23 times as broad as long; weakly dilated posteriad at most; lateral margins weakly convex in dorsal view; posterior angles weakly marked, rounded; disc with very sparse, minute punctures with long greyish setae; microsculpture absent; lateral margins each with 4-5 setae (often broken off) of moderate length. Elytra ( +Fig. 16 +) approximately 0.85 times as long as, and at posterior margin distinctly broader than pronotum; punctation fine and sparse. Hind wings present. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 17 +) wedge-shaped, widest at base; tergites III-VI with sharp and pronounced paratergites gradually decreasing in height; tergites III-VI impunctate except for some minute punctures at posterior margins; tergite VII ( +Fig. 26 +) with rather coarse non-setiferous punctures in posterior half, but without striate sculpture; posterior margin of tergite VII with pronounced palisade fringe. + + +♂: tergite VIII posteriorly with two transverse rows of black setae, a submarginal row composed of 6 long setae and a marginal row composed of more numerous and shorter setae; sclerites of segments IX and X modified, with dense and moderately long pubescence; median lobe of aedeagus ( +Figs 19-20 +) approximately +0.7 mm +long; ventral process rather short; paramere ( +Fig. 21 +) +0.60-0.65 mm +long; paramerite distinctly longer than condylite and with four long setae at base of velum. + + +♀ +: sclerites of segments IX and X with very long and dense dark pubescence; spermatheca as in +Fig. 27. + + + + +Comment: This species was erroneously recorded from +Taiwan +as + +O. hauseri + +by +PACE (2010) +. The distribution of + +O. hauseri + +is confined to North +India +and +Nepal +( +ASSING 2006a +). The records from mainland +China +( +Sichuan +, +Yunnan +) by +PACE (2012) +are most likely based on misidentified material, too. + +The female from Anmashan is distinguished from the remaining material by extremely sparse punctation of the head and by a distinctly shorter antennomere XI. A clarification of whether these differences are an expression intra- or of interspecific variation is currently not possible. The paramere of the male from Peinantawushan has the apex of the condylite nearly reaching that of the paramerite. Since no additional distinguishing characters were found, this difference is attributed to intraspecific variation. + +Comparative notes: Based on the external (coloration, body proportions, punctation, chaetotaxy) and the sexual characters (morphology of the aedeagus and the spermatheca), + +O. formosanus + +undoubtedly belongs to the + +O. hauseri + +group (see +ASSING 2006a +, +2006b +). The male sexual characters are most similar to those of + +O. mutabilis + +from +Nepal +, from which + +O. formosanus + +is distinguished by the much more elongated apical antennomere ( + +O. mutabilis + +: only approximately as long as antennomeres IX and X combined), longer antennae ( + +O. mutabilis + +: +1.1-1.2 mm +), more transverse antennomeres VI-X, the denser punctation and pubescence of the head, the less sparse punctation of the elytra, the less extensive and sparser punctation of the abdominal tergite VII, the different shape of the crista apicalis of the median lobe of the aedeagus, the distinctly larger and differently shaped paramere ( + +O. mutabilis + +: approximately +0.35 mm +long), and the slightly different shape of the spermatheca. For illustrations of + +O. mutabilis + +see +ASSING (2006a) +. + + + + +Distribution and natural history: The species is known only from +Taiwan +, where it was found in several localities in +Nantou +, +Taichung +, +Pingtung +, and +Kaohsiung +provinces and where it is currently the sole representative of the genus. The specimens were sifted from wet moss and debris along a river, from leaf litter under broadleaved bushes, and from leaf litter in primary broadleaved evergreen and in primary mixed forests at altitudes of +1500-2500 m +(SMETANA pers. comm.). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF4FF6FFE76FF1E12ED.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF4FF6FFE76FF1E12ED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5123816e8ce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF4FF6FFE76FF1E12ED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius scissus +ASSING + +, +2009 + + + + + + +Material examined: + +China +: +1♀ +, +Yunnan +, Dali Bai Aut. Pref., Wuliang Shan, +11 km +SW Weishan, +25°09'N +, +100°14'E +, +2520 m +, pine forest, litter sifted, +14.IX.2009 +, leg. Schülke (cSch). + + + + + +Comment: The original description of + +O. scissus + +is based on a unique male from the Gaoligong Shan ( +ASSING 2009 +). No significant external differences between the above female and the +holotype +were found suggesting that they should represent different species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF4FF6FFF77FFE911F3.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF4FF6FFF77FFE911F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6da426bed24 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF4FF6FFF77FFE911F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius alesi +ASSING + +, +2010 + + + + + + +Material examined + +China +: +1♀ +, +Yunnan +, mountains S Jianshui, +23°25'N +, +102°51'E +, +1890 m +, subtropical broad-leaved forest, litter sifted, +22.VIII.2014 +, leg. Schülke (cSch). + + + + + +Comment: The original description of + +O. alesi + +is based on a unique male from the Gaoligong Shan ( +ASSING 2010 +). The above female is highly similar to the +holotype +based on external characters. The previously unknown spermatheca is similar to that of other species of the + +O. hauseri + +group. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF7FF6FFD75FCDD13EF.xml b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF7FF6FFD75FCDD13EF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e3dac2355e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/87/165187CC927FFFF7FF6FFD75FCDD13EF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,212 @@ + + + +On the Orphnebius fauna of the East Palaearctic region. VI. Six new species from China and Taiwan, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae: Lomechusini) + + + +Author + +Assing, Volker + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2015 + +2015-07-31 + + +47 + + +1 + + +101 +125 + + + +journal article +55534 +10.5281/zenodo.5413940 +7efc5233-fc92-4a45-b647-ca79436ae20c +0253-116X +5413940 + + + + + + + +Orphnebius dishamatus + +nov.sp. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 9-15 +) + + + + + +Type material: + +Holotype +♂ +: " +CHINA +[12a] - +Yunnan +, mt. +WNW +Wuding +, +mix. forest +, +25°38'45''N +, +102°06'55''E +, + +2390 m + +, + +1.IX.2014 + +, +V. Assing +/ Holotypus ♂ + + +Orphnebius dishamatus + +sp. n. + +, det. +V. Assing +2015" ( +cAss +). + + + + +Etymology: The specific epithet (adjective) is composed of the Latin prefix dis- (un-) and an adjective derived from the Latin noun hamus (hook). It alludes to the straight apex of the ventral process of the aedeagus (lateral view). + + + +Description: Body length +4.5 mm +; length of forebody +1.7 mm +. Coloration: forebody black; abdomen yellowish-red, strongly contrasting with the forebody; legs with dark-brown femora, reddish-brown tibiae, and dark-yellowish tarsi; antennae with antennomeres I-IV pale-reddish, V reddish-brown, and VI-XI blackish. + + +Head ( +Fig. 9 +) approximately 1.3 times as broad as long; punctation fine and sparse. Eyes large and bulging, distinctly longer than distance from posterior margin of eye to posterior constriction in dorsal view. Antenna ( +Fig. 10 +) 1.0 mm long, nearly symmetric; antennomeres IV moderately transverse and V-X distinctly transverse, of gradually increasing width; X approximately twice as broad as long; XI distinctly elongated, approximately as long as VIII-X combined. + + +Pronotum ( +Fig. 9 +) transverse, 1.35 times as broad as long and 1.25 times as broad as head, broadest slightly behind middle, more strongly narrowed anteriorly than posteriorly; lateral margins weakly convex in dorsal view; posterior angles moderately marked; disc with very sparse, minute punctures with long greyish setae; microsculpture absent; lateral margins each with three long black setae of nearly half the length of lateral margin, one in anterior angle, one in anterior half, and one in posterior half. + + +Elytra ( +Fig. 9 +) slightly shorter, and at posterior margin much broader than pronotum; punctation fine and sparse; pubescence long, sparse, and suberect. Hind wings present. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 11 +) wedge-shaped, widest at base; tergites III-VI with sharp and pronounced paratergites gradually decreasing in height; tergites III-VI impunctate except for some minute punctures at posterior margins; tergite VII with rather coarse and moderately dense non-setiferous punctures and with irregular striate sculpture in posterior three-fourths; posterior margin of tergite VII with pronounced palisade fringe. + + +♂: tergite VIII posteriorly with two transverse rows of black setae, a submarginal row composed of eight long setae and a marginal row composed of ten shorter setae; sclerites of segments IX and X modified, with dense and moderately long pubescence; median lobe of aedeagus ( +Figs 12-13 +) +0.7 mm +long; ventral process short, apically straight and acute (not hooked) in lateral view, and of triangular shape in ventral view; crista apicalis rather pronounced; paramere ( +Fig. 14 +) +0.6 mm +long; paramerite slightly longer than condylite and with four setae at base of velum ( +Fig. 15 +). + + +♀ +: unknown. + + + + +Comparative notes: Based on external characters and particularly on the synapomorphic modifications of segments IX-X and of the aedeagus (shape and internal structures of the median lobe; structure of the parameres), + +O. dishamatus + +undoubtedly belongs to the + +O. hauseri + +group. Among the species of this group, it is most similar to + +O. scissus +( +Yunnan +) + +, from which it differs particularly by the morphology of the antennae ( + +O. scissus + +: distinctly asymmetric and longer, approximately +1.2 mm +long), the less dense non-setiferous punctures on the abdominal tergite VII, and by the morphology of the median lobe of the aedeagus ( + +O. scissus + +: +0.75 mm +long; apex of ventral process weakly hooked in lateral view; crista apicalis smaller and much more oblique) and of the parameres ( + +O. scissus + +: condylite much shorter, and much shorter than paramerite; paramerite of different shape). For illustrations of + +O. scissus + +see +ASSING (2009) +. + + + + +Distribution and natural history: The type locality is situated near Wuding in East +Yunnan +. The +holotype +was sifted from leaf litter in a mixed forest margin with alder and pine at an altitude of +2390 m +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/51/A7/1651A79056B5513ABD51311EE4F00968.xml b/data/16/51/A7/1651A79056B5513ABD51311EE4F00968.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3ab5c114549 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/51/A7/1651A79056B5513ABD51311EE4F00968.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Integrated taxonomy, biology and biogeography of the Afrotropical genus Xyloctonus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) + + + +Author + +Jordal, Bjarte H. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6082-443X +Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P. O. 7800, NO- 5020 Bergen, Norway +bjarte.jordal@uib.no + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +2024 + +2024-03-01 + + +71 + + +1 + + +67 +84 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.71.116185 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.71.116185 +1860-1324-1-67 +E85152C02B484B15A49F776D7CD4CBA4 +FD4B949748C951B7BA73F9A359A1B29C + + + + +Xyloctonus quadricinctus Schedl, 1941 + + + + +Figs 44 +, 46 +, 49 + + + + +Xyloctonus quadricinctus +Schedl, 1941: 387. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +: [Tanzania] Usambara, Derema 850 m alt., 7.10.1891, Conradt S. [NHMW]. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Length 2.1 mm, 2.0 +x +as long as wide, colour dark brown; antennal club with three visible procurved sutures; anterior margin of pronotum with four equally-long raised teeth; elytral interstriae 9 curves before apex and continues to elytral suture; scutellar shield rounded, tuberculate; elytral suture straight. + + + +Figures 43-49. +Dorsal, lateral and front view declivity and venter with strong spines, of + +X. aethiops + +( +43, 45, 47, 48 +); + +X. quadricinctus + +, holotype ( +44, 46, 49 +). + + + + +Distribution. +Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania. + + +Biology. + +It has been collected from a +Sapotaceae +tree, + +Gambeya albida + +in Ghana (see +Schedl (1961b) +). Nothing else is known about its biology. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/48/16524855DEA754D18F8C27D0829EC6F0.xml b/data/16/52/48/16524855DEA754D18F8C27D0829EC6F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7d3db16c1d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/48/16524855DEA754D18F8C27D0829EC6F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +New combinations in Neotropical Thelypteridaceae + + + +Author + +Salino, Alexandre +Departamento de Botanica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 - Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Caixa Postal 486, CEP 30123 - 970 +salinobh@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Almeida, Thais E. +Programa de Ciencias Naturais, Instituto de Ciencias da Educacao - Universidade Federal do Oeste do Para, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s / n, Campus Rondon - Santarem, Para, Brazil 68040 - 070 + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, University of California, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465, USA + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2015 + +2015-12-02 + + +57 + + +11 +50 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 +1314-2003-57-11 +98412B4A8904FFAAFFD64239FFE1FF8E +576315 + + + + +Amauropelta intromissa (C.Chr.) Salino & T.E.Almeida +comb. nov. + + + + +Dryopteris intromissa C.Chr. +, Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., ser. 3., 16(2): 22. t 4, f 9-10. 1937. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/6A/16526A727260B7C53B9D28A113A4111C.xml b/data/16/52/6A/16526A727260B7C53B9D28A113A4111C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aaf5f936c82 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/6A/16526A727260B7C53B9D28A113A4111C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ + + + +Descriptions de nouvelles fourmis Ethiopiennes. (Suite.) + + + +Author + +Santschi, F. + +text + + +Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines + + +1928 + +16 + + +191 +213 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3630/3630.pdf + +journal article +3630 + + + + +53. - +Xiphomyrmex kivuense Stitz +. + + + +Congo belge.: Stanleyville (Coll. A. Reichensperger leg.). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF0DC6314C4FDD4D333F84B.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF0DC6314C4FDD4D333F84B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8978a19ef68 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF0DC6314C4FDD4D333F84B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + + +Micrornebius kopisua + +, +new species + + + + +( +Fig. 1 +) + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +(male): + +Singapore + +, MacRitchie Catchment Area, along Sime Track, secondary forest, on leaf litters, coll. M. K. Tan, +1 February 2011 +(ZRC). + + +Paratypes +: + +Singapore + +, +1 male +, Dairy Farm Nature Park, along Wallace Trail, secondary forest, on the leaf of sapling, coll. M. K. Tan, +17 May 2012 +; +1 female +, Bukit +Timah +Nature Reserve, along BTNR main road, secondary forest, on the leaf of sapling, coll. M. K. Tan, +21 October 2012 +(all ZRC). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Similar to + +Micrornebius cylindricus + +but differs by the male supra-anal plate being laterally swollen, and distally slightly emarginated in middle. Further differences are found in the colouration being yellow, mottled black. The phallic complex differs by the sclerotised parts at the base of the medial valve and the lateral valves. + + + + +Description. +Habitus typical for the genus ( +Fig. 1 +A). Frontal rostrum about 2.4 times (n =1, +holotype +) broader than scapus, indistinctly furrowed in midline. Maxillary palps with apical segment strongly widened, fourth segment slightly widened distally; all three apical segments of subequal length, apical segment slightly shorter than third and fourth segments ( +Fig. 1 +B). Pronotum in male 1.5–1.9 times (m = 1.7, n = 2) longer than wide with anterior dorsal margin feebly concave; lateral margins slightly widening posteriorly; posterior margin convex, covering tegmina completely. Fore tibiae with internal tympanum, large and oval; without external tympanum. +Hind +femora 1.3–1.6 times (m = 1.5, n = 2) longer than hind tibiae; hind tibiae 2.2–2.7 times (m = 2.3, n = 2) longer than hind metatarsi. + + +Male. Last abdominal tergite and epiproct fused to a supra-anal plate, transverse; swollen laterally; distally emarginated medially and laterally; with long bristles at both lobes ( +Fig. 1 +C). Paraproct hook absent. Subgenital plate distinctly wider than long; apical margin rounded and upcurved. Lateral lobes of phallus with bilobate, apical sclerite (on each side) (pointing slightly inwards) ( +Figs. 1 +D, 1E); medial valve of phallus with unpaired internal sclerite tapering anteriorly and with short, paired basal sclerites pointing dorso-anteriorly, connected to internal sclerite by a V-shaped bar ( +Figs. 1 +E, 1F). + +Female. See discussion. + +Colouration. Yellow, mottled with black in fresh specimens. Head yellow dorsally, black laterally, eyes dark; scapus and basal antennal segments black; maxillary palps mostly black, joints between segments pale. Pronotum variegated yellow and black; anterior region rather yellow, posterior and latero-anterior regions rather black. Mesosternum and metasternum pale yellow. Legs, including tarsi, generally black with yellow bands; fore and mid femora rather black, pale yellow at base; fore and mid tibiae black with three short yellow bands, one near tarsus, middle of tibiae, knee each. +Hind +femora inner surface mostly black with slight yellow variegation, pale yellow at base; hind tibiae black with two yellow bands, shorter band near knees, longer band below median region of tibiae. Abdominal tergites variegated yellow and black, supra-anal plate yellow; abdominal sternite and subgenital plate pale yellow medially and darker laterally. Cerci yellow brown, mottled with black, near apex black. + + +Measurements. See +Table 1 +. + + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the Bukit Brown cemetery ( +Singapore +), also known to the local community as +Kopi Sua +[= Coffee Hill, Hokkien dialect]; noun in apposition. + + + + +Discussion. +Ingrisch (2006) described a single female from Taban Valley of Bukit +Timah +Nature Reserve, also from +Singapore +. Descriptions of the colouration and measurement ratios suggest that the specimen may represent the corresponding female of the species described above. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF0DC6314C4FF06D3B9FE54.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF0DC6314C4FF06D3B9FE54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f933f23ab58 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF0DC6314C4FF06D3B9FE54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + +Genus + +Micrornebius +Chopard, 1969 + + + + +Chopard, 1969: 203 + +Type +species: + +Micrornebius gracilicornis +Chopard, 1969 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Very small brown crickets. Maxillary palps with segments usually short, apical segment widened. In males, wings reduced to stridulatory apparatus; completely or nearly completely covered under pronotum. Anterior tibia with inner tympanum. Tenth abdominal tergite and epiproct fuse to form supra-anal plate. Male supra-anal plate usually truncated; paraproct processes small or absent. Colour patterns may be diagnostic if the scales are well-preserved (Gorochov 1992; Yang & Yen, 2001; Ingrisch, 2006). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF3DC6014C4FC16D22EFC09.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF3DC6014C4FC16D22EFC09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9859ea113a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF3DC6014C4FC16D22EFC09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + +Mogoplistidae +: +Mogoplistinae + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF6DC6514C4FDDFD16BFCD2.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF6DC6514C4FDDFD16BFCD2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c932111235d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF6DC6514C4FDDFD16BFCD2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + +Genus + +Ornebius +Guérin-Méneville, 1844 + + + + +Guérin-Méneville, 1844: 331. + +Type +species: + +Ornebius xanthopterus +Guérin-Méneville, 1844 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Characterised by presence of anterior tibiae with inner tympanum; males with pronotum produced backward, covering base of tegmina in some species and tegmina reduced to stridulatory apparatus, females without tegmen. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF6DC6614C4FC5CD48DFE97.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF6DC6614C4FC5CD48DFE97.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9729bffe1b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFF6DC6614C4FC5CD48DFE97.xml @@ -0,0 +1,368 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + + +Ornebius albipalpus +Ingrisch, 2006 + + + + + +( +Fig. 2 +) + + + +Ornebius albipalpus +Ingrisch, 2006: 144 + + + + + + +Material examined. +Singapore + +, +1 male +, MacRitchie Catchment Area, along Sime Track, secondary forest, coll. M.K. Tan, M.R.B. Ismail & T.M. Leong, +26 November 2010 +; +1 male +, Bukit +Timah +Nature Reserve, along Belukar Track, secondary forest, coll. M.K. Tan, R.W.J. Ngiam & Y.F. Chung, +10 September 2012 +(all ZRC). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Similar to + +Ornebius aureus +Ingrisch, 2006 + +, + +Ornebius nigrifrons +Chopard, 1969 + +and + +Ornebius nigrirostris +Chopard, 1969 + +with face and frontal rostrum black. But differs from + +Ornebius aureus + +by the absence of two spots of short hairs standing together as in a brush; lateral area of tegmen without black band above and white below; absence of angulated transient zone and divided basal and apical parts of external sclerites of phallic complex. Differs from + +Ornebius nigrifrons + +by tegmen not covered by pronotum from base of mirror backwards. Differs from + +Ornebius nigrirostris + +by antennae black at base; maxillary palps with fourth segment shorter than third; and pronotum longer than wide and with lateral lobes not white. + + + + +Description. +Habitus of male as shown in +Fig. 2 +A. Frontal rostrum similar to description by Ingrisch (2006). Maxillary palps with three apical segments of subequal length, fourth segment shorter than third; similar to description by Ingrisch (2006) ( +Fig. 2 +B). Pronotum in male about 1.3 times (m = 1.3, n = 2) longer than wide with anterior dorsal margin slightly convex; lateral margins widening posteriorly; posterior margin convex, not covering tegmen to base of mirror. Tegmen 1.1–1.2 times (m = 1.1, n = 2) wider than posterior area of pronotum. Fore tibiae with internal tympanum, large and rounded-oval; without external tympanum. +Hind +femora 1.0–1.2 times (m = 1.1, n = 2) longer than hind tibiae; hind tibiae 2.9–3.8 times (m = 3.4, n = 2) longer than postmetatarsi. + + +Male. Supra-anal plate with last abdominal tergite and epiproct fused; supra-anal plate faintly depressed in middle, with apical margin truncated and setose ( +Fig. 2 +C). Paraproct hooks of medium length, narrow, gently curved, setose, apex obtusely rounded ( +Fig. 2 +D). Subgenital plate distinctly wider than long; apical margin obtusely rounded. Epiphallus and ventral lobe of phallic complex membranous. Sclerotised part of male genitalia as in +Figs. 2 +E, +2F. +External sclerite of lateral valves well developed, narrow and elongated, curved inwards with apices of both sides nearly touching corresponding apex, with apex obtusely truncated. Internal sclerite of medial valve elongated and slightly sigmoidal, gently curved at base in lateral view; slightly convex in middle, flattened in dorsal view. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Ornebius albipalpus +Ingrisch + +male: habitus of freshly euthanized specimen in dorsal view (A); maxillary palps in lateral view (B); abdominal apex in dorsal view (C); paraproct in lateral view (D); phallic complex after washing in KOH in dorsal (E) and lateral (F) views. Scale bars: 5 mm (A); 1 mm (B–F). + + + +Colouration. Similar to description by Ingrisch (2006). Yellow brown in fresh specimens. Scapus black, covered with pale scales; eyes black. Pronotum with a distinct pale hind margin as in + +Ornebius nigrirostris + +, which extends to the rear of lateral lobes; otherwise, lateral lobes of similar colour as disk of pronotum. Tegmina in males yellow, apex with broad black margin ( +Fig. 2 +A). Abdominal tergites yellow brown, epiproct yellow, with two dark patches laterally ( +Fig. 2 +C). Subgenital plate black, similar to + +Ornebius aureus + +and + +Ornebius nigrirostris + +. + + +Measurements. See +Table 2 +. + + + + +Discussion. +This species described from +Singapore +was only known from the female +holotype +(Ingrisch, 2006). It is characterised by light coloured head with black frons, shared with two other species from Perak and Kedah, Malay Peninsula: + +Ornebius nigrifrons + +and + +Ornebius nigrirostris + +. New material enabled the first description of the male. + + + +TABLE 2. +Measurements of + +Ornebius albipalpus + +(in mm, mean values in brackets). + + + +BL PL PW TL TW HFL HTL HML +Material examined. +Holotype +(male): + +Singapore + +, Bukit +Timah +Nature Reserve, along BTNR main road, secondary forest, coll. M. K. Tan & J. J. Y. Chan, +29 June 2011 +(ZRC). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Male 8.0 3.5 (26 Nov.2010)2.63.43.15.25.01.3
Male 8.2 3.6 (10 Sep.2012)2.83.43.15.34.31.5
Males (n = 2) 8.0–8.2 (8.1) 3.5–3.6 (3.6)2.6–2.8 (2.7)3.4 (3.4)3.1 (3.1)5.2–5.3 (5.3)4.3–5.0 (4.7)1.3–1.5 (1.4)
+ + +Ornebius insculpta + +, +new species + +(Fig. 3) +
+ + +Paratypes +: + +Singapore + +, +1 male +, +1 female +, same locality as +holotype +, coll. M. K. Tan, +3 November 2012 +(all ZRC). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Similar to + +Ornebius pendleburyi +Chopard, 1969 + +from Fraser’s Hill (Pahang, Malay Peninsula) but differs by tegmina with black apical margin broad and distinct. Very similar to + +Ornebius flori +Ingrisch, 1998 + +and + +Ornebius citrus +Ingrisch, 2006 + +by yellow or orange tegmina with black apical margin but differs in phallic complex: lateral valve forming a dorsally open tube; and medial valve not curved at base to form a semi-circle as in + +Ornebius flori + +and + +Ornebius citrus + +. + + + + +Description. +Habitus of male as shown in +Fig. 3 +A. Frontal rostrum as wide as, or slightly narrower than scapus; with transverse furrow and a less distinct medial furrow. Maxillary palps with three apical segments of subequal length, apical segment strongly widened, third segment slightly longer than fourth and fifth segments ( +Fig. 3 +B). Pronotum in male about 1.3 times (m = 1.3, n = 2) longer than wide with anterior dorsal margin slightly convex; lateral margins widening posteriorly; posterior margin convex, not covering tegmen to base of mirror. Tegmen about 1.3 times (n = 1) wider than posterior area of pronotum; posterior margin convex; mirror roughly triangular, about as long as wide. Fore tibiae with internal tympanum round; without external tympanum. +Hind +femora 1.3–1.4 times (m = 1.4, n = 2) longer than hind tibiae; hind tibiae 3.3–4.0 times (m = 3.5, n = 2) longer than postmetatarsi. + + +Male. Supra-anal plate with last abdominal tergite and epiproct distinctly separated by a transverse suture; last abdominal tergite with long baso-lateral bristles, apex truncated and faintly emarginated in middle; epiproct truncated ( +Fig. 3 +C). Paraproct hooks long and narrow, tapering to acute apices ( +Fig. 3 +C). Epiphallus and ventral lobe of phallic complex membranous. Sclerotised part of male genitalia as in +Fig. 3 +D. External sclerite of lateral valves bent ventrad apically, with both sides forming together a dorsally open tube. Internal sclerite of medial valve elongated and straight, bent dorsad at base in lateral view. + + +Female. Ninth abdominal tergite with apical margin straight. Supra-anal plate in basal half wide, with lateral area bulging and carrying a few long and thick bristles, separated by a medial furrow; apical half longer than wide, with two small medial rounded depressions in middle; apex roundly truncated, carrying a few long and thick bristles ( +Fig. 3 +E). Paraprocts long and wide, apex obtusely rounded. Subgenital plate wider than long, apical margin roundly truncated, barely emarginated in middle. Ovipositor of medium length; apical valves with margins smooth; ventral margin of dorsal valves with 4–5 bristles (n = 1) ( +Fig. 3 +F). + + +Colouration. Yellow brown in fresh specimens. Head, frons and antennae uniformly yellow brown. Maxillary and labial palps yellow brown. Pronotum yellow brown, apical margin with white scales. Tegmina in males yellow, apex with broad dark brown margin ( +Fig. 3 +A). Legs generally light to yellow brown; hind femora white, in dorsal region light brown. Abdomen dorsally brown, apex slightly darker; ventrally nearly white; subgenital plate black. Cerci light brown. + + +Measurements. See +Table 3 +. + + + + +Etymology. +The name refers to the engraved depressions on the female supra-anal plate; from Latin +insculpta += engraved, +feminine +. + + + + +Discussion. +Based on a single male specimen, this species was previously identified as + +Ornebius + +species +1 in +Tan (2012). The collection of more male and female specimens allowed further examination. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFFADC6814C4FDD0D39AFAAB.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFFADC6814C4FDD0D39AFAAB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f84a6fb8282 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFFADC6814C4FDD0D39AFAAB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,235 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + + +Ornebius +cf. +pullus +Ingrisch, 2006 + +(?) + + + +(Fig. 4) + + +Ornebius pullus +Ingrisch, 2006: 157 + + + + + + +Material examined. +Singapore + +, +2 males +, Bukit +Timah +Nature Reserve, along BTNR main road, secondary forest, coll. M. K. Tan, H. Yeo, Y. F. Chung & T. M. Leong, +23 October 2010 +, +9 January 2013 +; +1 male +, MacRitchie Catchment Area, along MacRitchie Nature Trail, secondary forest, coll. M. K. Tan, +2 February 2011 +; +1 male +, Hindhede Nature Park, secondary forest, coll. M. K. Tan & J. J. Y. Chan, +29 January 2012 +(all ZRC). + + + + +Discussion. +The specimens examined from +Singapore +are very similar to this species, first described from +Brunei +, Northern Borneo (Ingrisch, 2006). They show an overall similarity with regard to general habitus, colouration, abdominal apex and phallic complex although it appears that there are some minute differences in the abdominal apex, which could be due to different conservation, and phallic complex: The internal sclerites of the +type +from +Brunei +and the specimens from +Singapore +look very similar but the widened apical part appears to be a little longer in the latter. The medial valves that form a "tube" around these sclerites look identical between the specimens. The lateral valves look different, but they are not sclerotised and thus due to distortion during conservation. Specimens from +Singapore +may represent the first record of this species outside Borneo and in +Singapore +. This also indicates the first occurrence of + +Ornebius + +with completely membranous lateral valves outside Northern Borneo. + + +FIGURE 4. + +Ornebius +cf. +pullus +Ingrisch + +: male habitus of freshly euthanized specimen in dorsal view (A). Scale bar: +5 mm +(A). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +Ornebius + + + +rufonigrus + + +Ingrisch, + +1987 +
(Fig. 5)
+ +Ornebius + + + +rufonigrus + +Ingrisch,1987: 173
+ + + + +Ornebius rufonigrus +Ingrisch, 2006: 158 + + + + + + +Material examined. +Singapore + +, +1 male +, Pasir Panjang, cliff forest, on foliage, coll. D. H. Murphy, +3 March 1974 +; +1 male +, Changi mangrove, coll. D. H. Murphy, +28 September 1974 +; +2 males +, +1 female +, +Pulau +Ubin, along Sensory Trail, secondary forest or mangrove, on foliage, coll. M. K. Tan, +29 January 2010 +, +21 February 2010 +, +4 August 2012 +; +1 male +, along Neo Tiew Lane 2, secondary forest, on foliage, coll. M. K. Tan & R. W. J. Ngiam, +28 August 2010 +(all ZRC). + + + + +Discussion. +This species was first described from Southern +Thailand +(Ingrisch, 1987). Materials examined represent the first confirmed record of this species outside +Thailand +and in +Singapore +although it was previously recorded tentatively as + +Ornebius + +sp. in Tan (2010). + + +FIGURE 5. + +Ornebius rufonigrus +Ingrisch + +: male habitus in dorsal view. Scale bar: +5 mm +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/74/16527412FFFBDC6B14C4FAC5D5ABFF7C.xml b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFFBDC6B14C4FAC5D5ABFF7C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa48b99221e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/74/16527412FFFBDC6B14C4FAC5D5ABFF7C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +New taxa and notes of some described species of scaly crickets (Orthoptera: Mogoplistidae: Mogoplistinae) from Singapore + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Ingrisch, Sigfrid + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3637 + + +1 + + +17 +28 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3637.1.2 +2d7dee9f-466d-447b-bb16-e6566266505d +1175-5326 +283579 +92187A68-8817-4765-B535-747E383F2E52 + + + + + + + +Ornebius tampines +Tan & Robillard, 2012 + + + + + +( +Fig. 6 +) + + + +Ornebius tampines +Tan & Robillard, 2012: 418 + +. + + + + + +Type +specimens examined. + +Holotype +(male): + +Singapore + +, Pasir Ris Park, Sungei +Tampines +, along mangrove boardwalk, coll. M. K. Tan, +17 June 2011 +(ZRC). + + +Paratypes +: +3 males +, same locality as +holotype +, coll. M. K. Tan, +17 June 2011 +, +15 September 2011 +(all ZRC). + + + +New material examined. +Singapore + +, +1 female +, same locality as +holotype +, coll. M. K. Tan, +20 October 2012 +(all ZRC). + + + + +Description. +Female. Habitus as shown in +Fig. 6 +A. Ninth abdominal tergite with apical margin straight. Supraanal plate setose, with tenth abdominal tergite and epiproct completely fused; furrowed in middle; with apex subtruncated ( +Fig. 6 +B). Paraprocts simple and short. Subgenital plate wider than long, with apical margin roundlyemarginated ( +Fig. 6 +C). Ovipositor of medium length; apical valves with margins smooth; ventral margin of dorsal valves with 2–3 bristles (n = 1) ( +Fig. 6 +D). + + +Measurements. See +Table 4 +. + + + + +Discussion. +Only males were previously known of this species (Tan & Robillard, 2012). New material allowed the description of the female. A re-examination of the +type +specimens revealed that in the original description the male phallic complex was imprecisely described. The medial valve, also referred to as internal sclerite of medial valve, is not bifurcate at apex. The ventral lobes are membranous. Instead, it is the internal sclerite of medial valve with base gently curved upwards. The lateral valves are weakly sclerotised, which was not previously mentioned. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/88/165288D4121159CBAEF3BEBCE66D39DD.xml b/data/16/52/88/165288D4121159CBAEF3BEBCE66D39DD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1a98d2b8a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/88/165288D4121159CBAEF3BEBCE66D39DD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Redang Islands, Malaysia + + + +Author + +Du, Jianguo + + + +Author + +Loh, Kar-Hoe + + + +Author + +Hu, Wenjia + + + +Author + +Zheng, Xinqing + + + +Author + +Affendi, Yang Amri + + + +Author + +Ooi, Jillian Lean Sim + + + +Author + +Ma, Zhiyuan + + + +Author + +Rizman-Idid, Mohammed + + + +Author + +Chan, Albert Apollo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2019 + +7 + + +47537 +47537 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e47537 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e47537 +1314-2828-7-e47537 +F940F7FD0A3541E98BDD33F83C2369D5 +AE1BE74780565E8D9B3522053F3B0983 + + + + +Cheilinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1791) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. +Occurrence: +occurrenceID: BDJ_12482_116; +Location: +country: +Malaysia +; locality: +Redang islands +; +Identification: +identifiedBy: +Loh KH and Du Jianguo + + + + +Notes + +Harborne et al. 2000 +; +Yusuf et al. 2001 +; This study. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/52/C5/1652C50FFFD5FFFAFCCFFAAE3000F947.xml b/data/16/52/C5/1652C50FFFD5FFFAFCCFFAAE3000F947.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bf57c035b70 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/52/C5/1652C50FFFD5FFFAFCCFFAAE3000F947.xml @@ -0,0 +1,831 @@ + + + +Acromyrmex fowleri: a new inquiline social parasite species of leaf-cutting ants from South America, with a discussion of social parasite biogeography in the Neotropical region + + + +Author + +Rabeling, C. + + + +Author + +Messer, S. + + + +Author + +Lacau, S. + + + +Author + +do Nascimento, I. C. + + + +Author + +Jr., M. Bacci + + + +Author + +Delabie, J. H. C. + +text + + +Insectes Sociaux + + +2019 + +2019-05-17 + + +66 + + +435 +451 + + + +journal article +10.1007/s00040-019-00705-z +d58ba133-017e-434e-bda9-94fc51f9b995 +3274215 + + + + + + +Acromyrmex fowleri +Rabeling, Messer, Lacau and Delabie + +, + +NEW +SPECIES + + + + +Zoobank record: http://zoobank.org/ +D96C94C2-AF2D- 4543-965E−49AB99DFE6 52 +. + + + + + + +Holotype +, alate gyne + +BRAZIL +, +Bahia +, +Ilhéus +, +Praia do Norte +, + +18 km +N Ilhéus + +; +S14.6197° +, +W039.0607° +; elevation above sea level: 0 m; collection date: + +27 November 1994 + +, 07.00 h; col. +Jacques Delabie +; individual was collected from the drift line of the +Atlantic Ocean +on the beach. +Presumably +alates of + +A. fowleri + +participated in a predawn nuptial flight and drowned in the sea. +The +holotype +is deposited at the +Laboratório de Mirmecologia +, +Centro de Pesquisa do Cacau +, +Itabuna +, +Bahia +, +Brazil +( +CPCD +) and carries the unique specimen identifier +No. +ASUSIBR00000001. + + + + + + +Description, +holotype +gyne + +Measurements: TL 7.90, WL 2.47, HL 1.30, HW 1.45, IOD 1.59, +ML +0.97, FLD 0.75, SL 1.59, EL 0.37, EW 0.33, PrW 1.38, FL 1.73, +PL +0.52, +PW +0.57, PPL 0.50, PPW 0.92, GL 2.15, CI 110, MI 73, SI 109. A small species of + +Acromyrmex + +fungus-growing ants (WL 2.47, TL 7.90) that is immediately recognizable as a social parasite due to its smaller body size and shiny integument. Mandibles (MI 73) and appendages ( +FL +1.73, SI 109) long relative to head and body size, respectively. Integument smooth and shiny, in part translucent, characteristic of the inquiline syndrome. Body surface, antennal scapes, and legs (except for tarsi) sparsely covered with pale, transversally flattened, appressed setae; only tarsi covered with semi-erect setae. +Color +uniformly light orange brown; anepisternum, scutellum, and masticatory margin of mandibles slightly darker, reddish-brown. +Head +head shape subquadrate, slightly wider than long (CI 110); lateral margins parallel to each other; posterior margin with median concavity; posterior and lateral margins with numerous distinct tubercles. Mandibles long and slender in full-face view; external margins sinuate; masticatory margins with 12 teeth; apical and preapical teeth distinctly larger, followed by five small teeth that are interspersed by smaller denticles; mandible surface smooth and shiny, not striate. Palp formula 4:2, representing the plesiomorphic condition of fungus-growing ants. Posterior margin of clypeus trapezoidal, broadly inserted between frontal lobes; anterior margin of clypeus shiny and median portion concave. Unpaired median clypeal seta short ( +0.09 mm +), semi-erect, transversally flattened, only barely projecting over the anterior clypeal margin. Frontal lobes broadly rounded, fully covering condylar bulbs in full-face view; lateral margin of frontal lobe serrated with two distinct tooth-like projections. Frontal carinae extending towards the level of the ocelli, not forming a fully shaped antennal scrobe. Preocular carina forming a straight line in lateral view and traversing the area of the antennal scrobe by onethird of the scrobe’s width behind the level of the eye. Eyes large ( +EL +0.37, EW 0.33) and strongly convex. The three ocelli are small and embedded in the integument. Antennae with 11 segments. Antennal scapes long (SL 1.59, SI 109) with abundant, appressed setae, surpassing the posterior margin of the head by more than one-third of its length. + +Mesosoma +Mesosoma + +slender with caste-specific modifications related to wing bearing. Dorsolateral pronotal spine long, slender, and sharply pointed in dorsal view. Ventrolateral pronotal spine reduced, triangular, with blunt, rounded tip. Dorsum of +mesosoma +smooth and shiny. Posterior margin of scutellum concave, but not distinctly bidentate. Bulla and meatus of metapleural gland not notably modified from the condition in the host species. Propodeal spines straight, slen- der, sharply pointed, projecting away from the propodeum at a 90° angle in lateral view. +Metasoma +Anterior peduncle of petiole short, about one-fourth the length of the petiolar node. Dorsum of petiolar node with a pair of irregularly shaped ridges. Postpetiole wider ( +PPW +0.92) than long ( +PPL +0.50) in dorsal view, posterior margin slightly concave. Gaster large (GL 2.15). First gastric tergite notably smooth with few broadly rounded, reduced tubercles; on median portion of anterior half tubercles form a pair of shallow, longitudinal ridges. Except for the smaller size, fore- and hindwings resemble the wings of the host species, + +A. rugosus + +. + + + +Measurements, +paratype +gynes + +( +n += 25): TL 7.33–8.13, WL 2.34–2.69, HL 1.25–1.31, HW 1.38–1.47, IOD 1.53–1.61, +ML +0.89–0.98, FLD 0.73–0.78, SL 1.51–1.71, EL 0.36–0.39, EW 0.33–0.37, PrW 1.23–1.44, FL 1.65–1.76, +PL +0.48–0.58, +PW +0.56–0.63, PPL 0.43–0.55, PPW 0.91–1.02, GL 1.90–2.22, CI 106–114, MI 69–76, SI 107–120. + + + + + + +Paratypes + +279 alate +g y n e s a n d 8 + +4 m + +a l e s, +ASUSIBR00000002-00000364 +, from three collection sites along a + +40 km +stretch of “restinga” habitat (i.e., tropical and subtropical coastal forest habitats that form on sandy, acidic, nutrient-poor soils) along the coastline with the city of Ilhéus at its center + +. + + + +First collection site: +BRAZIL +, +Bahia +, Ilhéus, Praia do Sul, +STAC +camping, +13 km +south of Ilhéus; near the entrance of a subterranean nest of + +Acromyrmex rugosus + +dug in the sand about +100 m +from the beach, +S14.91210° +, +W039.02095° +; elevation above sea level: +5 m +; collection date: +29 October 1992 +; col. Jacques H. C. Delabie (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000002); same as above, but +05 November 1992 +(7 alate gynes and +6 males +, ASUSIBR00000003-15); same as above, but +15 January 1993 +; col. Harold G. Fowler (1 alate gyne ASUSIBR00000016). + + +Second collection site: +BRAZIL +, +Bahia +, Ilhéus, Praia do Norte, Barramares village, +18 km +north of Ilhéus, from the drift line of the Atlantic Ocean on the beach; +S14.6197° +, +W039.0607° +; elevation above sea level: 0 m; collection date: +01 November 1993 +; col Jacques H. C. Delabie ( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000017); same as above, but +06 November 1993 +( +2 males +, ASUSIBR00000018-19); same as above, but +14 November 1993 +( +3 males +, ASUSIBR00000020-22); same as above, but +13 December 1993 +( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000023); same as above, but +08 January 1994 +, 18:00 h ( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000024); same as above, but +14 January 1994 +(2 alate gynes ASUSIBR00000025-26); same as above, but +06 February 1994 +, 08:00 h (1 alate gyne and +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000027-28); same as above, but +06 March 1994 +, 07:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000029); same as above, but +20 March 1994 +, 07:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000030); same as above, but +01 April 1994 +, 07:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000031); same as above, but +02 April 1994 +, 07:00 h ( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000032); same as above, but +21 May 1994 +, 08:00 h ( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000033); same as above, but +12 June 1994 +, 08:00 h; col. Ivan C. do Nascimento (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000034); same as above, but +12 October 1994 +; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (2 alate gynes and +2 males +, ASUSIBR00000035-38); same as above, but +16 October 1994 +, 07:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (1 alate gyne and +4 males +, ASUSIBR00000039-43); same as above, but +29 October 1994 +, 07:00 h; col. Jacques H. C. Delabie and Clayton R. R. Delabie (17 alate gynes and +4 males +, ASUSIBR00000044-64); same as above, but +13 November 1994 +, 07:00-08:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (84 alate gynes and +9 males +, ASUSIBR00000066-158); same as above, but +20 November 1994 +, 07:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (1 alate gyne and +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000159-160); same as above, but +24 November 1994 +(1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000161); same as above, but +27 November 1994 +, 07:00 h (112 alate gynes and +26 males +, ASUSIBR00000162-298); same as above, but +04 December 1994 +, 07:00 h (4 alate gynes and +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000299-303); same as above, but +18 December 1994 +, 06:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (2 alate gynes and +3 males +, ASUSIBR00000304-308); same as above, but +27 December 1994 +, 07:00 h; col. Ivan C. do Nascimento (2 alate gynes and +2 males +, ASUSIBR00000309-312); same as above, but +31 December 1994 +, 06:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000313); same as above, but +01 January 1995 +, 06:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (3 alate gynes, ASUSIBR00000314-316); same as above, but +15 January 1995 +, 06:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000317); same as above, but +19 January 1995 +, 07:00 h; col. Ivan C. do Nascimento ( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000318); same as above, but +27 January 1995 +( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000319); same as above, but +12 February 1995 +, 07:00 h (2 alate gynes, ASUSIBR00000320-321); same as above, but +26 February 1995 +, 06:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000322); same as above, but +28 February 1995 +, 06:00 h (2 alate gynes and +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000323-235); same as above, but +01 March 1995 +, 06:00 h (1 alate gyne and +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000326-327); same as above, but +03 March 1995 +, 06:00 h (1 alate gyne and +2 males +, ASUSIBR00000328-330); same as above, but +11 March 1995 +, 07:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000331); same as above, but +17 March 1995 +, 07:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000332); same as above, but +01 June 1995 +, 06:00 h (1 alate gyne and +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000333-334); same as above, but +29 October 1995 +, 09:00 h (8 alate gynes and +8 males +, ASUSIBR00000335-350); same as above, but +01 January 1996 +, 07:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000351); same as above, but +10 February 1996 +, 07:00 h; col. Clayton R. R. Delabie (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000352); same as above, but +20 February 1996 +, 08:00 h (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000353); same as above, but +06 April 1996 +, 07:00 h ( +1 male +, ASUSIBR00000354); same as above, but +14 July 1996 +(5 alate gynes, ASUSIBR00000355-359); same as above, but +22 September 1996 +(3 alate gynes, ASUSIBR00000360-362); same as above, but +26 October 1996 +(2 alate gynes, ASUSIBR00000363-364). + + +Third collection site: +BRAZIL +, +Bahia +, Ilhéus, Praia do Malhado, from the drift line of the Atlantic Ocean on the beach; +S14.781° +, +W039.045° +; elevation above sea level: 0 m; collection date: +02 November 1994 +; col. Ivan C. do Nascimento (1 alate gyne, ASUSIBR00000065). + + + + + +Description, +paratype +males + +Measurements ( +n += 25): TL 6.89–7.32, WL 2.25–2.47, HL 0.96–1.02, HW 1.00–1.07, IOD 1.25–1.33, +ML +0.64–0.70, FLD 0.49–0.51, SL 1.31–1.45, EL 0.37–0.41, EW 0.38–0.43, PrW 1.23–1.44, FL 1.67–1.76, +PL +0.37–0.44, +PW +0.50–0.61, PPL 0.37–0.44, PPW 0.79–0.92, GL 2.15–2.47, CI 99–108, MI 64–71, SI 128-140. A small male (WL 2.25–2.47, TL 6.89–7.32), distinctly smaller than the male of the host species, + +A. rugosus + +. Integument smooth and shiny, thin, partly translucent. Body surface covered with few appressed, transversally flattened setae. +Color +uniformly pale yellow- to reddish-brown. +Head +Approximately as wide as long (CI 99–108); behind the level of the eyes, sides rounded and tapering towards the posterior margin of head; head size small relative to +mesosoma +. Mandibles long, slender, with distinct apical and preapical teeth, followed by seven to eight smaller, irregularly spaced teeth of irregular size; mandible surface smooth, shiny. Palp formula 4:2. Clypeus shape as in gyne; unpaired clypeal seta projecting over the anterior clypeal margin by two-thirds its length. Frontal lobes narrow, leaving the anterior half of the condylar bulbs exposed in full-face view. Preocular carina distinct, traversing the area of the antennal scrobe almost completely, nearly touching frontal carina. Eyes very large ( +EL +0.37–0.41, EW 0.38–0.43), strongly convex. Ocelli large, raised above the surface of the head; unpaired median ocellus approximately one and a half times wider than paired lateral ocelli. Antennae with 13 segments. Antennal scape long (SL 1.31–1.45) with appressed setae, surpassing the posterior margin of the head by half its length. + +Mesosoma +Mesosoma + +with sex-specific modifications related to wing bearing. Anteriodorsal portion of pronotum inflated. Dorsolateral pronotal spine short, broadly triangular, and blunt in dorsal view. Ventrolateral pronotal spine absent. Dorsum of +mesosoma +smooth. Scutellum shape as in gyne; sculpture granulate with fine rugae. Bulla and meatus of metapleural gland small, orifice of metapleural gland tiny and round, pointing posteriorly, not notably modified from the condition in + +A. rugosus + +. Propodeal spines short, narrowly triangular, sharply pointed. +Metasoma +Petiole and postpetiole as in gyne. Gaster less bulbous than in host. First gastric tergite smooth, shiny, laterally with few reduced, rounded tubercles; sparsely covered with few appressed setae. Fore- and hindwings resemble the wings of its host, except for smaller size and a missing detached vein at the posterior end of the hindwing. +Genitalia +In toto, excluding the basal ring, parameres longer ( +1.04 mm +) than wide ( +0.83 mm +); apical lobe of paramere evenly rounded with less than 10 long, erect setae. In lateral view, aedeagus small ( +0.26 mm +), ventral border of penis valve bearing 12 recurved teeth of uniform length; the anterior two and posteriormost of which are small and weakly sclerotized, whereas teeth 3-11 are distinctly larger and heavily sclerotized, as notable by the darker brown coloration. + + + + +Table 1 +Morphological and life history traits characteristic of the inquiline syndrome in fungus-growing ants + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +A. insinuator + + + +A. ameliae + + +A. char- ruanus + + +A. fowleri + + + +P. argentina + + + +M. castrator + +
Elongated antennal scapes relative to the host species××××××
Multiple egg laying parasite queens coexist in host colony (polygyny)××?×–×
Coexisting with host queen (host queen tolerance)××××–×
Reduced body size××××××
Loss of worker caste––××××
Shiny integument–––×××
Reduced pilosity–––×××
Number of antennal segments reduced in the male––––××
Number of maxillary pals reduced––––××
Gynaecomorphism––––××
Adelphogamy––––××
+ + + +Differential diagnosis +The comparative morphological analysis reveals that + +A. fowleri + +is remarkably similar to its host species, + +A. rugosus + +( +Figs. 1 +and +2 +). Notwithstanding, the gyne of + +A. fowleri + +can easily be distinguished from + +A. rugosus + +by the smaller size, the smooth and shiny integument, and the presence of appressed and transversally flattened setae ( +Figs. 1 +and +3b +). Relative to its smaller body size, + +A. fowleri + +is also characterized by longer appendages, and antennal scapes, as well as by a broader postpetiole ( +Fig. 1 +, +Table 1 +). In the field, + +A +. +fowleri + +can be distinguished from its host by the significantly smaller size, the shiny appearance, the distinctly orange–brown coloration, the slowness of its movements, and the occurrence of alate females and males in some host nests throughout the year, whereas alates of + +A. rugosus + +typically occur during the rainier and warmer summer months (December–March) in coastal +Bahia +. + + + + +The male of + +A +. +fowleri + +resembles the male of + +A. rugosus + +and is not gynaecomorphic ( +Fig. 2 +). Large males of + +A. fowleri + +reach the same size as small and medium size of + +A. rugosus + +males, but never reach the body size of large + +A. rugosus + +males. Despite slightly overlapping size ranges, the males of + +A. folweri + +can be distinguished from the + +A. rugosus + +males by their shiny integument, the slenderer and less bulbous gaster, the relatively longer antennal scapes, the absence of the inferior pronotal spine, the more pronounced tubercles on the first gastral tergite, and the presence of few, dorsoventrally flattened, appressed setae ( +Fig. 2 +, +Table 1 +). The parasites’ genitalia are smaller than the hosts’ genitalia (paramere length: + +A. fowleri + += +1.04 mm +, + +A. rugosus + += +1.66 mm +), the length of the ventral aedeagal lobe is smaller in + +A. rugosus + +( + +A. fowleri + += +0.26 mm +, + +A. rugosus + += +0.21–0.22 mm +; +Fig. 4 +). It is important to note that the aedeagus of + +A. rugosus + +bears a very large dorsal lobe that is absent from + +A. fowleri + +( +Fig. 4 +). The ventral border of the aedeagus bears 12 teeth in + +A. fowleri + +and 12–14 teeth in + +A. rugosus + +( +Fig. 4 +). + + + + +Worker caste +The worker caste is unknown and potentially nonexistent. + + + + +Etymology +This inquiline social parasite is named in honor of our colleague, the late Harold Gordon Fowler, in recognition of his numerous important contributions to leaf-cutting ant biology, taxonomy, biogeography, and pest management in +Brazil +and +Paraguay +. + + + + + +Previous studies referring to +A. fowleri +Acromyrmex fowleri + +was discovered 27 years ago and aspects of its biology were discussed in previous publications, where + +A. fowleri + +was referred to as either “ + +Pseudoatta + +new species”, “ + +Pseudoatta + +from +Bahia +”, “ + +Pseudoatta + +from +Brazil +”, or “ + +Acromyrmex + +new species” ( +Delabie et al. 1993 +, +Delabie et al. 2002 +; +Schultz et al. 1998 +; +Sumner et al. 2004 +; +Schultz and Brady 2008 +; +Rabeling and Bacci 2010 +; +Soares et al. 2011 +; +Rabeling et al. 2015 +). In this paper, we summarized the published and unpublished observations on the biology of + +A. fowleri + +. Key aspects of + +A. fowleri + +’s biology and life history remain unknown and will require detailed field studies as well as conclusive behavioral experiments. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/53/98/1653980AF6F91CA278E30C6447BF60DC.xml b/data/16/53/98/1653980AF6F91CA278E30C6447BF60DC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1035c4f7bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/53/98/1653980AF6F91CA278E30C6447BF60DC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +Revision of the South American window fly genus Heteromphrale Kroeber, 1937 (Diptera, Scenopinidae) + + + +Author + +Winterton, Shaun L. + + + +Author + +Gaimari, Stephen D. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +84 + + +39 +57 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.84.774 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.84.774 +1313-2970-84-39 + + + + + +Heteromphrale chilensis ( +Kroeber +) + +Figures 12 +C-D4C-D5C-D79C-E +10B + + + + +Pseudatrichia chilensis + +Kroeber +1928 + +: 31. + + +Heteromphrale chilensis +( +Kroeber +). - + +Kroeber +1937 + +: 221; +Hardy 1966 +: 2; +Kelsey 1969 +: 286; +1971 +: 284. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype female, label data: "CHILE +Concepcion +, P. Herbst" / "coll. Lichtwardt" / " +Pseudatrichia chilensis +det. +Kroeber" +/ +"HOLOTYPUS" +. (DEI) (micropinmounted, reasonable condition except abdomen greasy and antennae missing). + + + +Other material examined. +CHILE: Elqui Province: 10 km N La Serena, 10 m, -29°49.27', -71°16.20', 8.X.2003, M.E. Irwin, ex. hand net in coastal dunes [3 males (CASC) (MEI165208, 165209, 165210), 1 female (CASC) (MEI165211), 3 males (CSCA) (MEI165206, 165207 165212)]. + + +Diagnosis. + +Antennal flagellum orange brown, abruptly pear-shaped; female frons with extensive pile; mouthparts much smaller than oral cavity; scutum with glabrous, glossy dorsocentral spot (linear in female); wing with vein R4 diverging from R5 at point in basal quarter of cell r5; abdomen vivid matte-white with brown suffusion laterally (also medially in female), and with dark brown spot encompassing tergite 2 sensory patch; tergite 2 sensory patch distinct as two small patches; male epandrium not bulbous, without dense fringe of setae; hypandrium lobes sub-triangular with scle +rotized +lateral margins; distiphallus arms divergent; lateral aedeagal bulbs relatively small; female sternite 8 rounded posteriorly, without fringing elongate setae; acanthophorite spines robust and stout. + + + +Figure 5. +Heteromphrale +spp.: +Heteromphrale blanca +sp. n.: A female thorax, dorsal view [579911] B male thorax, dorsal view [579919]; +Heteromphrale chilensis +( +Kroeber +): C female thorax, dorsal view [579923] D male thorax, dorsal view [579929]; +Heteromphrale cyanops +(Edwards): E female thorax, dorsal view [579933] F male thorax, dorsal view [579939]. Scale line = 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 6. +Heteromphrale blanca +sp. n.: A male, lateral view [579920] B female, lateral view [579913]. Scale line = 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figure 7. +Heteromphrale chilensis +( +Kroeber +): A male, lateral view [579931] B female, lateral view [579924]. Scale line = 0.25 mm. + + + + +Redescription. + +Body length: 2.6-3.2 mm [male], 4.8 mm [female]. Head (Figs 4 +C-D +, 5 +C-D +). Frons cream-white, female frons with yellow to light brown patch dorsomedially, sometimes more extensive brown-orange suffusion, surface wrinkled, sparsely distributed with small, pale setae; parafacial in male dark orange medially, white along eye margin (in female entirely yellow); ocellar triangle grey pubescent, raised, with anterior ocellus slightly larger than posterior ocellus; occiput and postgena +dark +with pale yellow with orange-brown suffusion marginally; face white with brown suffusion; mouthparts pale, relatively small in size, much smaller than oral cavity; pale yellow, including labellum, labellar setae, and small cylindrical palpus; prementum in male dark orange (in female pale yellow); flagellum orange-brown, abruptly pyriform, tapered distally; scape and pedicel brown with a few minute pale setae. Thorax (Figs 5 +C-D +, 7). Scutum light brown to grey, yellow on postpronotal lobe, anterior part of scutum adjacent to postpronotum, notopleuron, supra-alar area and postalar callus (in female, with yellow more extensive in these areas); entire thorax overlain with dense glaucous pubescence; glossy black dorsocentral patches present at point posterior third of scutum, patches round in male, elongate in female, paired median brown vittae in anterior half; scutellum dark medially, pale marginally; prosternum yellow, bare; proepisternum and proepimeron orange (in female yellow); anepisternum orange in dorsal half and along posterior margin (in female yellow), except white along dorsal margin and grey to brown pubescent anteroventrally; katepisternum grey to brown pubescent, except orange in upper part (in female yellow); anepimeron white to yellow, darkened anteriorly; meron shining glossy brown, except white pubescent dorsally; legs pale cream with uniform or mottled brown suffusion, tibiae orange, with dorsal surface pale; hind tibia becoming darker distally; tarsi dark. Wing. Venation pale brown; vein R4 diverging from R5 at point in basal quarter of cell r5; aberrant specimens with either spurious vein present between distal part of R5 and C (Fig. 7B) or R4 incomplete basally; haltere mostly cream-white. Abdomen (Fig. 7). Vivid matte-white to cream with brown suffusion laterally; dark brown band posteriorly (more obvious in female), tergite 2 with dark brown band level with and encompassing sensory setal patch; sternites white with brown suffusion laterally; sparse elongate setae on most segments. Male genitalia (Figs 2 +C-D +, 10B). Epandrium brown basally and pale yellow +marginally +; sub-quadrangular with posterior margins tapered, fine setae along margin; hypandrium halves small, sub-triangular with multiple lobes directed posteromedially, dark sclerotized along anterior and lateral margins; gonocoxite with darkly sclerotized, acuminate, dorsal process; gonostylus large, posteriorly directed and united medially, apparently fused to gonocoxites; gonocoxal apodeme broadly flattened, outer margin curved, inner margin straight; ejaculatory apodeme minute, directed ventrally; lateral aedeagal bulbs small; ventral apodeme dark sclerotized; distiphallus divergent laterally around gonostylus, medially directed process from between distiphallus projecting towards hypoproct, curved anteriorly, apex spatulate. Female genitalia (Figs 9 +C-E +). Sternite 8 with posterior edge rounded, with longish setae around fringe; acanthophorite spines long and robust. + + + +Comments. + +Originally described in +Pseudatrichia +, + +Kroeber +(1937) + +later erected +Heteromphrale +to accommodate this species. Although the female holotype is faded, encrusted with naphthalene and dust, and the abdomen is greasy, the distinctive bone-white color of the abdomen is still observable, along with the brown coloration around the tergite 2 sensory patch. In the original description, + +Kroeber +(1928) + +described the flagellum as red-yellowish color, but the antennae are now lost from the type specimen. + + +Heteromphrale chilensis +is easily distinguished from other species of +Heteromphrale +by the glabrous dorsocentral patches on the scutum (elongate in females), mostly bone-white coloured abdomen, basally bulbous antennal first flagellomere, and the relatively tiny mouthparts. As in +Heteromphrale blanca +sp. n., the tergite 2 sensory patch is large and distinct, and is divided into two small patches with the setae directed medially, and the epandrium is not bulbous as in +Heteromphrale cyanops +, but in +Heteromphrale chilensis +there is no dense fringe of long white setae. Also like +Heteromphrale blanca +sp. n., the female sternite 8 is rounded, but in +Heteromphrale chilensis +, the edge is not fringed with long wispy setae, and the acanthophorite spines are robust. + + + +Distribution. + +Known from Chile ( +Biobio +Region ( +Concepcion +Province) and Coquimbo Region (Elqui Province)). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/54/3C/16543C694DC3CFD89C6FF09E85DC234D.xml b/data/16/54/3C/16543C694DC3CFD89C6FF09E85DC234D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..770801fefa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/54/3C/16543C694DC3CFD89C6FF09E85DC234D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + +10. Rosa L. + + + +Author + +I. Klášterský + +text + + +1968 +Cambridge University Press + +Cambrdige + + + + +Editor + +T. G. Tutin + + + +Editor + +V. H. Heywood + + + +Editor + +N. A. Burgess + + + +Editor + +D. M. Moore + + + +Editor + +D. H. Valentine + + + +Editor + +S. M. Valters + + + +Editor + +D. A. Webb + + +Flora Europaea, Volume 2, Rosaceae to Umbelliferae + + + +35 +42 + + + +book chapter +10.5281/zenodo.47067 + + + + +(39-47). +R. rubiginosa +group. + + + +Erect shrubs up to 3-5 m. Prickles usually hooked or curved, sometimes mixed with acicles and glandular setae. Leaflets suborbicular, ovate, obovate or elliptical, rounded or cuneate at base, biserrate to compound-serrate, glabrous or somewhat pubescent, never tomentose, more or less densely glandular-viscid beneath, smelling of apples; teeth glandular. Pedicels glabrous or glandular-hispid. Flowers solitary or 2-3. Sepals pinnatifid, erect or deflexed after anthesis. Petals small, white or pink. Styles short or long, glabrous, villous or lanate. Fruit globose, ovoid or ellipsoid, glabrous or glandular-hispid. + + +1 Pedicels and hypanthium glabrous 2 Styles lanate or densely villous +3 Sepals deflexed and usually deciduous after anthesis; prickles usually mixed with acicles and glandular setae +4 Leaflets 10-30 x 10-20 mm, cuneate at base; prickles curved or straight, mixed with setae 43. caryophyllacea +4 Leaflets 8-12 x 6-10 nim, rounded at base; prickles curved or falcate, rarely mixed with setae 47. serafinii +3 Sepals erect and persistent after anthesis; stems without acicles and glandular setae + +5 Prickles stout, curved or falcate; pedicels as long as or longer than fruit; stems up to 3-5 m 40. +elliptica + + +5 Prickles slender, nearly straight; pedicels c. 1 as long as fruit; stems not more than 0-5 m 44. +sicula + +2 Styles glabrous or very sparsely villous 6 Leaflets 8-12 x 6-10 mm, rounded at base 47. serafinii + +6 Leaflets 10-30 x 12-25 mm, cuneate at base 41. +agrestis + +1 Pedicels and hypanthium stipitate-glandular or glandular-pubescent + +7 Styles glabrous or subglabrous 8 Leaflets cuneate at base 41. +agrestis + +8 Leaflets rounded at base + +9 Prickles mixed with numerous setae and stipitate glands; stems not more than 0-5 m 46. +turcica + +9 Prickles not mixed with setae and stipitate glands; stems up to 3-5 m 42. micrantha +7 Styles villous or lanate + +10 Prickles slender, usually not mixed with glandular setae and acicles 44. +sicula + +10 Prickles usually stout, mixed with glandular setae and acicles +11 Leaflets usually pubescent and glandular on the upper surface; styles lanate + +12 Leaflets 7-15 x 5-15 mm, stems not more than 0-5 m 45. +glutinosa + + +12 Leaflets 10-25 x 8-15 mm; stems up to 3 m 39. +rubiginosa + +11 Leaflets usually glabrous or subglabrous on the upper surface; styles villous + +13 Pedicels usually less than 5 mm; sepals deflexed and deciduous after anthesis 46. +turcica + + +13 Pedicels 10-15 mm; sepals erect and persistent after anthesis 39. +rubiginosa + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/54/73/165473EB89EAC11042F2426520137F56.xml b/data/16/54/73/165473EB89EAC11042F2426520137F56.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dbdf048d37e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/54/73/165473EB89EAC11042F2426520137F56.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie: Les Formicides. + + + +Author + +Forel, A. + +text + + +1891 +L'Imprimerie Nationale + +Paris + + + + +Editor + +Grandidier, A. + + +Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar. + + + +1 +231 + + + +book chapter +6734 +10.5281/zenodo.9896 +F0A2F4DC-EB6B-4AF0-9BA9-A8F1BB37636F + + + + +2e RACE: +CREMASTOGASTER SEWELLII +, +n. st. + + + +(Pl. VI, fig. 9.) + +[[worker]]. Longueur 2,5 +a +3,8 mill. +Differe +du +C. inermis +i. sp. par les caracteres suivants: suture +pro-mesonotale +plus distincte. +Mesonotum +sans trace de +carene +mediane +, pourvu de deux faibles bords +lateraux +. Le quart posterieur du +mesonotum +forme un escalier souvent presque vertical (en talus chez le +C. inermis +i. sp.), +borde +de chaque +cote +d'une +arete +distincte. Entre l'escalier et la face basale du +metanotum +qui est convexe se trouve une incisure +etroite +et en +general +assez profonde. +Metanotum +muni de deux tubercules anguleux +tres +distants. Bord +anterieur +du premier article du +pedicule +fort convexe, avec des angles +tres +arrondis qui passent insensiblement aux bords +lateraux +; ce premier article est +a +peine concave en dessus, bien plus large et plus grand que chez le +C. inermis +i. sp. Quelques gros points +enfonces +sur le premier segment abdominal. Pronotum et +mesono- +tum lisses et luisants, ou peu s'en faut. Mandibules faiblement +striees +; epistome et aire frontale presque partout lisses et luisants. Pubescence des pattes et des scapes presque adjacente. Thorax, pattes et antennes d'un jaune +brunatre +ou +rougeatre +. +Tete +, +pedicule +et abdomen d'un brun +jaunatre +ou +rougeatre +; +extremite +de l'abdomen d'un brun +fonce +. + + +Du reste identique au +C. inermis +i. sp. + + + + +Imerina: +Antananarivo +, etc. ( +Rev +. +Pere +Camboue +); Fianarantsoa (DrBesson). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/54/B9/1654B9E0282A56B39D7C084A7C29619A.xml b/data/16/54/B9/1654B9E0282A56B39D7C084A7C29619A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..741c2bacbdb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/54/B9/1654B9E0282A56B39D7C084A7C29619A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,495 @@ + + + +On the taxonomic validity of Boiga whitakeri Ganesh et al., 2021 with new insights on Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) (Reptilia: Squamata: Colubridae) + + + +Author + +Narayanan, Surya +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9359-2815 +SM Sehgal Foundation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560064, India + + + +Author + +Das, Sandeep +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1536-5793 +Department of Zoology, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala - 680121, India & EDGE of Existence Programme, Conservation and Policy, Zoological Society of London, London, NW 1 4 RY, UK & Aranyakam Nature Foundation, Kochi, Kerala - 682037, India + + + +Author + +Anvar, Y. Muhammed +State Forest Training Institute, Kerala Forest Department, Arippa, Kollam, Kerala - 691310, India + + + +Author + +Tillack, Frank +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1418-6531 +Museum fu ̈ r Naturkunde Berlin, Leibniz-Institut fu ̈ r Evolutions- und Biodiversitaetsforschung, 10115 Berlin, Germany + + + +Author + +Mohapatra, Pratyush P. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-297X +Zoological Survey of India, Reptilia Section, Indian Museum Campus, Kolkata, West Bengal - 700016, India + + + +Author + +Gower, David J. +Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK & Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Kerala - 671320, India + + + +Author + +Rajkumar, K. P. +EDGE of Existence Programme, Conservation and Policy, Zoological Society of London, London, NW 1 4 RY, UK & Aranyakam Nature Foundation, Kochi, Kerala - 682037, India + + + +Author + +Deepak, V. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8826-9367 +Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW 7 5 BD, UK & Senckenberg Dresden, Koenigsbru ̈ cker Landstrasse 159, 01109 Dresden, Germany +veerappandeepak@gmail.com + +text + + +Vertebrate Zoology + + +2023 + +2023-01-18 + + +73 + + +1 +21 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e97002 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.73.e97002 +2625-8498-73-1 +D6EE99962C63481198520D2E8481CFB9 +BD57C1F3A3095C86B5D80FAF3EC3D84D + + + + +Boiga dightoni (Boulenger, 1894) + + + + +Figs 3 +, 4 +, 5 +, 6 +, 7 + + + + +Dipsas dightoni +Boulenger 1894 +, p. 528. + + +Dipsadomorphus dightoni +- Boulenger 1896, p. 69. + + +Boiga dightoni +- +Smith 1943 +, p. 567; +Murthy 1984 +, p. 84; +Inger et al. 1984 +, p. 567; +Wallach et al. 2014 +, p. 103; Kanagavel & Ganesh 2021, p. 67, 68, fig. 1,2; +Ganesh et al. 2020 +, p. 314, fig. 7; +Ganesh et al. 2021 +, p. 449-151, 453. + + +Boiga whitakeri +Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker & Vogel, 2021 p. 453, fig. 3, +syn. nov. + + + +Taxonomic comments. + +A detailed description of the external morphology of the holotype of + +Boiga dightoni + +(BMNH 1946.1.1.32) is presented by +Ganesh et al. (2020) +. In this work, we provide scale reduction formula and detailed dentition based on microCT scans for the holotype of + +Boiga dightoni + +. In addition, we provide a detailed description of the hemipenis of + +B. dightoni + +based on a topotypic specimen (ZSI-CZRC-V-7541). + + +Based on the morphological data from the two specimens collected during this study, including the specimen from the type locality (Peermed, Kerala) of + +Boiga dightoni + +, we confidently identify these two specimens as + +B. dightoni + +. Our morphological examination of the types and non-type materials of + +Boiga whitakeri + +, + +B. dightoni + +and + +B. nuchalis + +provide evidence that led us to conclude that the holotype of + +B. whitakeri + +is conspecific with + +B. dightoni. + +This is consistent with our molecular analyses, in which the holotype of + +B. whitakeri + +is nested within the samples (including the topotype) that we identify as + +B. dightoni + +. On the other hand, the type series (BMNH 74.4.29.933-6) and two other specimens of + +Boiga nuchalis + +examined here have 21 dorsal scale rows at midbody (Scale reduction formula; Appendix 2). This further confirms that the paratype (BNHS 1863; Appendix 3) of + +B. whitakeri + +is rather + +B. nuchalis + +. Because the holotype and paratype of + +B. whitakeri + +clearly represent two already described species, we relegate + +Boiga whitakeri + +Ganesh, Mallik, Achyuthan, Shanker and Vogel, 2021 to the junior subjective synonymy of + +Dipsas dightoni + +Boulenger, 1894. + + + +Morphology. + +A medium-sized + +Boiga + +(greatest TL 1000 mm (male), 935 mm (female)); 229-249 ventrals, 99-112 divided subcaudals; 13/14 teeth on maxilla and 7 on palatine; dorsal scales smooth, 23:23:19 in rows; dorsal scale reduction from 23 to 21 rows occurs between ventrals 123-144 and the reduction from 21 to 19 occurs between ventrals 148-155. Dorsum reddish dun to olive greenish with dorsal light brown to dark bands. Head with dark marking dorsally (rarely absent) and a dark laterocular stripe present. + + + +Colouration in life and preservative. + +Based on the (live and museum) specimens examined and information available from the literature, we report two different colour morphs in + +B. dightoni + +. + + + +Morph 1 (n = 5). + +Reddish dun-coloured dorsum with faint reddish bands on the body (rarely absent) with or without distinct dark marking on the head, and ventral scales uniformly creamish white (Figs +3A-B +, +4 +, +6 A-C, G-I, M-O +). Holotypes of both + +B. dightoni + +and + +B. whitakeri + +are of this colour morph with no markings on the body in preservation. However, it might be noted that the recently collected specimen from Arippa (BNHS 3617) had faint markings on the body at the time of collection (3rd February 2022) that disappeared in the preservative (Figs +2 +, +3C-D +, +4 +, +6 A-C +). This also applies to the holotype of + +B. whitakeri + +(Fig. +3B +), which had markings on the body in life that disappeared in the preservative ( +Ganesh et al. 2021 +). A specimen from Aanapara, Kerala reported by +Kanagavel and Ganesh (2021) +also belongs to this morph, with very faint bands. + + + +Figure 3. +Representative images of + +B. dightoni + +in life. Morph 1: +A +Uncollected individual from Arippa, Kerala (female), +B +BNHS 3597 (male); Morph 2: +C +ZSI-CZRC-V-7541 (male), +D +uncollected individual from Arippa, Kerala (male). + + + + +Figure 4. +Representative image of + +B. dightoni + +Morph 1. +A +- +B +BMNH 1946.1.1.32 (female), +C +- +D +BNHS 3617 (female), +E +- +F +FMNH 217699 (male). Scale bar = 5 cm. + + + + +Morph 2 (n = 5). + +Olive greenish dorsum with black bands (76-80) on the body, with distinct marks on the head and a postocular stripe that ends shortly behind the fissure of the mouth, and irregular small dark blotches along the paraventral scales (Figs +3C-D +, +5 +, +6D-F, J-L, P-R +). The topotypic specimen (ZSI-CZRC-V-7541) of + +B. dightoni + +collected during this study is of this morph (Fig. +3C +) and we observed several specimens from museum collections of this morph including a specimen (ZSI/SRS/S-73) collected from the Anamalais in Southern India. + + + +Figure 5. +Representative image of + +B. dightoni + +Morph 2. +A +- +B +ZSI-CZRC-V-7541 (male), +C +- +D +BNHS 1842 (unknown), +E +- +F +ZSI-CZRC-V-7542 (male). Scale bar = 5 cm. + + + + +Figure 6. +Head closeup showing colour and pattern in + +B. dightoni + +Morph 1: +A +- +C +BNHS 3617, +G +- +I +BNHS 3597, +M +- +O +BMNH 1946.1.1.32; Morph 2: +D +- +F +ZSI-CZRC-V-7542, +J +- +L +BNHS 1842 and +P +- +R +ZSI-CZRC-V-7541. Scale bar = 10 mm. + + +Based on the specimens examined here, it is also clear that these two colour morphs are not explained by sexual dichromatism because both male and female specimens are known for both morphs. For example, the male specimens BNHS 3597 and ZSI-CZRC-V-7541 and the female specimens BMNH 1946.1.1.32 and BMNH 1940.10.13.19 belong to Morph 1 and 2, respectively. Both the morphs are found in sympatry in at least one location (Arippa, Kerala), so they additionally cannot be explained as purely geographic variation. Furthermore, these colour morphs cannot be currently explained as simple ontogenetic variation, because all the specimens examined here are adults. + + + +Description of hemipenis of ZSI-CZRC-V-7541 (Fig. +7 +). + +The right hemipenis is fully everted and removed in situ for further analysis. The hemipenis is sub-cylindrical and moderately elongate (length: 17.0 mm, maximum width: 5.7 mm), extending to the 7th subcaudal. The sulcus is undivided, bounded by thick walls on both sides, and terminates at the centre of the lobe. It can be differentiated into three zones; the proximal zone is covered with 4-6 rows of spines (~40% of the total length), the middle zone with 5 or 6 rows of spinulate flounces arranged transversely (~35% of the total length), and the distal calyculate area (~25%) with 4 or 5 rows of irregular calyces with papilate edges. The sulcus spermaticus is exposed before entering the calyculate area. There is not much variation in the arrangements of spines and body calyces on sulcate and asulcate sides. The overall structure of the hemipenis of ZSI-CZRC-V-7542 is similar to that described for ZSI-CZRC-V-7541. + + +Figure 7. +Hemipenis of + +Boiga dightoni + +(Right organ of ZSI-CZRC-V-7541). +A +sulcate view; +B +asulcate view; +C +apex view. Scale bar = 10 mm. + + + + + +Dentition based on the holotype of +B. dightoni +(BMNH 1946.1.1.32) (left/right order). + +Maxillary bone with 13/14 prediastemal teeth, followed by a distinct diastema that is as long as the socket of the last prediastemal tooth and followed by two distinctly enlarged, grooved and posteriorly bent postdiastemal teeth. Prediastemal teeth increase in size posteriorly, the anterior three distinctly posteriorly hooked, the following with less pronounced curvature. On the left side, prediastemal teeth 1, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13 missing, maxilla broken behind the diastema. On the right side, prediastemal teeth 2-4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13 and anterior postdiastemal tooth are missing. +Palatine bone with 7/7 posteriorly curved teeth, anterior ones as long as the middle prediastemal teeth, slightly decreasing in size posteriorly. Teeth 1, 5 and 7 are loose, and tooth 3 missing on left side. Teeth 1, 3 and 5 are loose on the right side. Lateral to each palatine tooth is a single replacement tooth at different growth stages. Pterygoid bone with 18/16 posteriorly curved teeth, first one half as long as last palatine tooth, gradually decreasing in size posteriorly, last one minute. Teeth 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14-16 missing on left side, teeth 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 loose, and 11, 13, and 15 missing on right side. The posterior 45% of the pterygoid bone is without teeth. +Mandibular bone with 20/20 posteriorly curved teeth, shorter than maxillary and palatine teeth, gradually decreasing in size posteriorly. Medial to each mandibular tooth is a single replacement tooth in different growth stages. Teeth 1, 3-7, 9, 11, 13, 15-17, and 19 missing, tooth 2 loose on left side, teeth 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, and 19 missing, and tooth 2 loose on right side. Mandibular bone broken behind tooth 13 on left side. + + +Distribution. + +Based on currently available data, + +Boiga dightoni + +is widely distributed in the southern Western Ghats (south of the Palghat Gap), at elevations of 9-1258 m (Appendix 4). +Murthy (1984) +extended the northern range of this species to Topslip in Anamalais. +Murthy (1984) +reported 23 dorsal scale rows at midbody for the specimen he collected, which is known only for + +B. dightoni + +among Western +Ghats' + +Boiga + +. The identity of this specimen (ZSI/SRS/S-73) is confirmed by photographs presented by +Murthy (1984) +. With an additional specimen from the same locality (ZSI-CZRC-V-7541), we reconfirm the distribution of + +B. dightoni + +in Topslip in the Anamalai hills. The northernmost known distribution of + +B. dightoni + +is based on a specimen (BNHS 1842) from Palagapandy in the Nelliyampathy Hills, Kerala, a specimen that was previously ( +Ganesh et al. 2020 +) misidentified as + +B. nuchalis. + +The southernmost known occurrence of this species is Ponmudi in Kerala (Fig. +1 +). Thus, + +B. dightoni + +is found only south of the Palghat Gap in the Western Ghats. + +Boiga dightoni + +in parts of its range is probably sympatric with + +B. nuchalis + +and + +B. thackerayi + +immediately south of the Palghat Gap, based on distribution data (Fig. +1 +) and the sequences reported by +Ganesh et al. (2021) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/54/F7/1654F702B34A72E3996D129C44C110F1.xml b/data/16/54/F7/1654F702B34A72E3996D129C44C110F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..38a8c366fc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/54/F7/1654F702B34A72E3996D129C44C110F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + + +<subSubSection id="32276CCEA567EED8C7A7ED87CA0CF486" pageId="null" pageNumber="818" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="E6315B659952738E7E2A8191ED031CA8" pageId="null" pageNumber="818"> +<pageBreakToken id="5D62316C93F462ED610846544110350A" pageId="null" pageNumber="818">Cerastium</pageBreakToken> +strictum +<authorityName id="DAD283877EF53216D625BFC086B9325F" pageId="null" pageNumber="818">L.</authorityName> +em. +<normalizedToken id="2A3A993733F6AC8AA4C6E33AB1A287DF" originalValue="Hänke" pageId="null" pageNumber="818">Haenke</normalizedToken> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="08E436B5272448F707437EFBFD70B742" pageId="null" pageNumber="818" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="D1FE1E54F54763820F73D86E7BDD2251" pageId="null" pageNumber="818">Aufrechtes Hornkraut</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + + +5-15 cm hoch. Sterile Triebe aufrecht, viel +kuerzer +als die +bluehenden +. + +Blaetter +, bis 1,5 cm lang + +, meist ++/- +gerade, am Grunde bewimpert, sonst sehr oft kahl, seltener behaart, +etwas starr. +Blaetter +im +Bluetenstand +unterseits und am Rande bis zur Spitze behaart, oberseits kahl. Fruchtstiele +11/2 +-3-mal so lang wie der Kelch. + +Kelchblaetter +4-7 mm lang. +Kronblaetter +6-11 mm lang. + +Kapsel so lang oder wenig +laenger +als die +Kelchblaetter +. - +Bluete +: Sommer. + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n = 36: +Material von 17 verschiedenen Orten aus den Alpen ( +Soellner +1954), aus dem Tirol als + +C. arvense +(Brett 1955) + +. + + +Standort. +Montan, subalpin und alpin. Eher trockene, steinige, lockere +Boeden +. Trockene Weiden und Wiesen, Mauern, Felsschutt, Felsritzen. + + +Verbreitung. +Nicht genau bekannt. + +Mittel- und +suedeuropaeische +Gebirgspflanze: + +Pyrenaeen +, +Suedjura +, Alpen, Apennin (?), Karpaten (?), Gebirge der Balkanhalbinsel (?).- Im Gebiet: +Suedlicher +Jura ( +nordostwaerts +bis +Dole +), Alpen; +haeufig +. + + +Bemerkungen. +Siehe unter + +C. arvense + +(Nr. 7a). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/54/FF/1654FFF8B4B132ABA1A5FA1A3108100D.xml b/data/16/54/FF/1654FFF8B4B132ABA1A5FA1A3108100D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b01e1b68ca9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/54/FF/1654FFF8B4B132ABA1A5FA1A3108100D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828--8013 + + + + +Cleonymus obscurus Walker, 1837 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/55/1A/16551A68731A5F8690EE95735B87110C.xml b/data/16/55/1A/16551A68731A5F8690EE95735B87110C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8c921e228c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/55/1A/16551A68731A5F8690EE95735B87110C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,364 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Violaceae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292251 + +book +292251 +10.5281/zenodo.292251 +3-7643-0527-4 + + + +<subSubSection id="7C2886F5C1E24141C6AB065D066AF037" pageId="null" pageNumber="739" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="F0C70DB09E9D0E01BD791CC0ABF3EDC1" pageId="null" pageNumber="739"> +<pageBreakToken id="8EBEB408A53364FF79FB1D1646F52CA9" pageId="null" pageNumber="739" start="start">Artengruppe</pageBreakToken> +der +<taxonomicName id="AD32E3A2A3ED1DC25A9DF9B847200A3E" authority="L." class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Viola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="null" pageNumber="739" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirta"> +Viola +<normalizedToken id="E13E5A57C4A96A66D42261FFB1AEA361" originalValue="hírta" pageId="null" pageNumber="739">hirta</normalizedToken> +<authorityName id="8B34D6A5CEEE078DB6716E4054581E58" pageId="null" pageNumber="739">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="DA5B67162C2D42BCFA59B5248B324625" pageId="null" pageNumber="739" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="05DE471685EFCD66D785B8F4F2CD5EB9" pageId="null" pageNumber="739">Rauhhaariges Veilchen</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Ausdauernd, mit Rhizom; im +Fruehling +3-10 cm hoch ( +Sommerblaetter +bis 20 cm hoch). +Stengel nicht ausgebildet +. Alle +Blaetter +grundstaendig +, jederseits mit zahlreichen +Zaehnen +, +nierenfoermig +bis +herzfoermig +, abgerundet oder spitz, nur die +fruehen +Blaetter +kuerzer +als 2 cm, +beiderseits oder nur oberseits behaart +. +Nebenblaetter +hoechstens +1/2 +so lang wie der Blattstiel, lanzettlich, +weiss +, frei, meist mit Fransen, kahl oder besonders am Rand mit einzelnen Haaren. +Blueten +meist duftend (bei +V. liirta +ohne Duft). +Bluetenstiele +⅔-2mal so lang wie die Blattstiele, besonders im untern +Teil +behaart oder kahl. +Vorblaetter +im mittleren Drittel des +Bluetenstiels +. +Kelchblaetter ++/- +stumpf, kahl oder besonders am Rande behaart. +Kronblaetter +lila bis violett und am Grunde +weiss +, oder +ueberall +weiss +, die seitlichen innen am Grunde behaart, +schraeg +abwaerts +gerichtet; unterstes Kronblatt etwa 2mal so lang wie die +Kelchblaetter +, mit dunklen Adern; Spreite des untersten Kronblattes +1/2 +-⅔ so breit wie lang. + +Griffel an der Spitze kaum verdickt, kahl, mit nach unten gerichtetem, etwa 0,5 mm langem Zahn. +Fruechte +dem Boden aufliegend + +, stumpf, +kurz abstehend behaart +(bei + +V. pyrenaica +Nr. + +12a kahl). + + +Die Artengruppe der + +V. hirta +umfasst +etwa 15 Arten und hat eurasiatisch-nordafrikanische Verbreitung + +(Zentrum in +Suedosteuropa +). Infolge der +haeufigen +Bastardierungen ist die Abgrenzung der Arten oft sehr schwierig. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+1. Ohne +Auslaeufer +(Rhizom aber gelegentlich verzweigt und mehrere Rosetten bildend); Sporn der Krone an der Spitze meist +aufwaerts +gebogen. +
+2. Frucht und +Kelchblaetter +kahl; +Blaetter +meist ⅘-1⅕mal so lang wie breit + + +V. pyrenaica + +(Nr. 12a) +
+2*. Frucht und Rand der +Kelchblaetter +behaart; +Blaetter +11/4-13/4 +mal so lang wie breit. +
+3. +Blueten +ohne Duft; +Nebenblaetter +nur am Rande behaart; an den F'ransen und auf dem +Rueckennerv +kahl; +Kelchblaetter +11/2 +-2mal so lang wie breit, nur am Rande behaart. + + +V. hirta + +(Nr. 12b) +
+3*. +Blueten +duftend; +Nebenblaetter +auch an den Fransen und auf dem +Rueckennerv +behaart; +Kelchblaetter +2-3mal so lang wie breit, am Rande und im untern Teil auch auf den +Flaechen +zerstreut behaart. +
+4. Blattausschnitt bildet einen Winkel von 30-90°; Blattstiel der +Sommerblaetter +mit 0,5-1 mm langen Haaren; +Kelchblaetter +mit den +Anhaengseln +5-7 mm lang; Sporn der Krone fast +weiss + + +V. collina + +(Nr. 12c) +
+4*. Blattausschnitt bildet einen Winkel von 90-150°; Blattstiel der +Sommerblaetter +mit 0,3-0,6 mm langen Haaren; +Kelchblaetter +mit den +Anhaengseln +3,5-5 mm lang; Sporn der Krone violet + + +V. Thomasiana + +(Nr. 12d) +
+1*. Mit oberirdischen oder unterirdischen +Auslaeufern +; Sporn der Krone meist gerade. +
+5.Mit bis 5 cm langen, ziemlich dicken (Durchmesser bis 2,5 mm), oberirdischen oder unterirdischen +Auslaeufern +; unterstes Kronblatt mit dem Sporn 15-22 mm lang; Sporn⅕-⅓ so lang wie der Rest des Kronblattes + + +V. suavis + +(Nr. 12e) +
+5*. Mit bis 20 cm langen, +duennen +(Durchmesser bis 1,5 mm) oberirdischen +Auslaeufern +; unterstes Kronblat tmit dem Sporn 10-17 mm lang; Sporn ⅓- +1/2 +so lang wie der Rest des Kronblattes. +
+6. +Kronblaetter +weiss +, mit +gelbgruenem +oder violettem Sporn; +Blaetter +meist spitz, meist 1- +11/2 +mal so lang wie breit; Blattstiel der +Sommerblaetter +mit senkrecht abstehenden, 0,5-1,2 mm langen Haaren; +Nebenblaetter +4-8mal so lang wie breit. +
+7. Sporn der Krone +gelbgruen +; +Blaetter +hellgruen + + +V. alba + +(Nr. 12f) +
+7*. Sporn der Krone violett; +Blaetter +dunkelgruen +(unterseits oft violet schimmernd). + + +V. scotophylla + +(Nr. 12g) +
+6*. +Kronblaetter +dunkelviolett (selten +weiss +oder fleischrot); +Blaetter +meist abgerundet ( +Sommerblaetter +gelegentlich spitz), meist ⅘-1⅕mal so lang wie breit; Blattstiel der +Sommerblaetter +mit +rueckwaerts +anliegenden, 0,2-0,4 mm langen Haaren; +Nebenblaetter +1-4mal so lang wie breit + + +V. odorata + +(Nr. 12h) +
+ + + + +<normalizedToken id="EA4E6B3D7564ACBFA2A088B64EA4196B" originalValue="Schlüssel" pageId="null" pageNumber="739">Schluessel</normalizedToken> +zur Artengruppe der +<taxonomicName id="C35AC083D234924552D40F83181FCE4E" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Viola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="null" pageNumber="739" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirta">Viola hirta</taxonomicName> + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/55/1A/16551AFCB841EBBB0D8AC46E91B33188.xml b/data/16/55/1A/16551AFCB841EBBB0D8AC46E91B33188.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..50458348522 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/55/1A/16551AFCB841EBBB0D8AC46E91B33188.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + +Lepidonotus squamatus (Linnaeus, 1758) + + + +Notes + +Questionable status, species complex. At least two putative cryptic species exist in waters around Canada ( +Carr et al. 2011 +). Reported from Greece by +NCMR (1995) +and +Conides et al. (1999) +but the species is easily confused with +Lepidonotus clava +(Montagu, 1808) or +Lepidonotus tenuisetosus +(Gravier, 1902) ( +Barnich and Fiege 2003 +). Records from the Adriatic could not be confirmed ( +Mikac 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/55/63/165563019B2ED3441E577178E0A0FB3C.xml b/data/16/55/63/165563019B2ED3441E577178E0A0FB3C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57172268125 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/55/63/165563019B2ED3441E577178E0A0FB3C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Updated list of the mosquitoes of Colombia (Diptera: Culicidae) + + + +Author + +Rozo-Lopez, Paula + + + +Author + +Mengual, Ximo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4567 +4567 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4567 +1314-2828--4567 + + + + +Culex (Microculex) pleuristriatus Theobald, 1903 + + + +Notes + + +Carrejo and +Gonzalez +1992 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/3E/16563E42ED11582A522C26EEF82026E7.xml b/data/16/56/3E/16563E42ED11582A522C26EEF82026E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4133dcadd0b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/3E/16563E42ED11582A522C26EEF82026E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography + + + +Author + +Price, Benjamin Wills + + + +Author + +Allan, Elizabeth Louise + + + +Author + +Marathe, Kiran + + + +Author + +Sarkar, Vivek + + + +Author + +Simon, Chris + + + +Author + +Kunte, Krushnamegh + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8051 +8051 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051 +1314-2828-4-8051 + + + + +Pomponia adusta (Walker, 1850) + + + + +Cicada adusta +Walker, 1850 + + +Cicada buddha +Kirkaldy, 1909 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: sex: +male +; Taxon: scientificName: Pomponiaadusta (Walker, 1850); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; locality: +Java +; Record Level: basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +[Metcalf, 1963] Java; Siam; Malay Peninsula; Borneo; Sumatra; Burma; Assam. [Sanborn, 2014] Malaysia, Langkawi Island, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Siam. + + +Notes + +Authority: +Walker 1850 +; Not from India: +Metcalf (1963) +incorrectly listed the species from Burma and Assam in reference to +Moulton (1929) +who was suggesting possible distributions, however the species has been recorded from Malaysia and Indonesia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/47/16564724BACB77262262B06FC0F8CFD4.xml b/data/16/56/47/16564724BACB77262262B06FC0F8CFD4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b89c1b23c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/47/16564724BACB77262262B06FC0F8CFD4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,378 @@ + + + +Astyanax endy (Characiformes: Characidae), a new fish species from the upper Río Bermejo basin, northwestern Argentina. + + + +Author + +J. M. Mirande + + + +Author + +G. Aguilera + + + +Author + +M. D. L. M. Azpelicueta + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1286 + + +57 +68 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:89EB739D-FFDE-44FD-AD0F-9E51CC3392FD + +journal article +z01286p057 +89EB739D-FFDE-44FD-AD0F-9E51CC3392FD + + + + +Astyanax endy +, +new species + + + +(Figs. 1-3, table 1) + + + + +Holotype +. +CI-FML +3834 male, 55.8 mm SL, +Argentina +: +Salta +, +Oran +, +Rio +Bermejo basin, tributary of +Rio +Bermejo in its intersection with Ruta Provincial 19, near Estancia Santa Rosa ( +64º24’13’’W +- +22º43’18’’S +; approximately 440 meters above sea level). Coll: M. Mirande, G. Aguilera and G. Padilla, August 2003. + + + + + + +Paratypes +: +CI-FML +3835, 14 ex., 48.6-56.3 mm SL, collected with the holotype. + + +CI-FML +3836, 13 ex., 39.3-62.0 mm SL, +Argentina +: +Salta +, +Oran +, El Oculto, +Rio +Bermejo basin, +Rio +Anta Muerta, tributary of +Rio +Blanco. Coll: M. Mirande & G. Aguilera, May 2002. + + + + + +Additional Material (not designated as paratypes): + +CI-FML +3262, 23 ex., 29.4-50.7 mm, +Argentina +, +Salta +, La +Bambu +, +Rio +Bermejo basin, +Rio +Anta Muerta. + + +CI-FML +3838, 4 ex., 24.2-44.6 mm, +Argentina +, +Salta +, +Oran +, Estancia Anta Muerta, +Rio +Bermejo basin, +Rio +Pescado. + + +CI-FML +3839, 2 ex., 52.8-63.2 mm, +Argentina +, +Salta +, +Oran +, +Rio +Bermejo basin, +Rio +Santa +Maria +. + + +CI-FML +(uncatalogued) 2 ex. (C&S), 48.6-49.6 mm, same data as holotype. + + +CI-FML +(uncatalogued) 2 ex. (C&S), 46.3-54.7 mm, +Argentina +, +Salta +, +Oran +, El Oculto, +Rio +Anta Muerta. + + +CI-FML +3848, 1 ex (C&S), 43.6 mm, +Argentina +, +Salta +, +Oran +, El Oculto, Arroyo El Oculto. + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Astyanax endy +is distinguished by the combination of the following characters: a markedly convex snout profile; deep body (36.6-42.2 % SL); relatively large orbital diameter (36.0-40.9 % HL); relatively short interorbital distance (31.9-37.6 % HL); deep caudal peduncle (11.7-14.1 % SL); long caudal peduncle (12.6-15.9 % SL), short upper-jaw length (34.4-40.2 % HL); maxilla scarcely reaching anterior margin of eye; maxilla meeting mouth commissure at an oblique angle; 35-37 perforated scales in lateral line; 7/6 transverse scales above and below lateral line on body; 17-24 branched anal-fin rays; tricuspidate or pentacuspidate teeth on outer premaxillary row; 1-2 tricuspidate or pentacuspidate maxillary teeth; 4 gradually decreasing dentary teeth, followed by 1 intermediate and 3-6 small tricuspidate or conical teeth; and 19-21 gill-rakers in first branchial arch. + + +A detailed comparison of +Astyanax endy +with the other species of +Astyanax +appears in the “Discussion” section later in this paper. + + + +Description: Morphometric data for the holotype and 27 paratypes are presented in Table 1. Body rather deep, the maximum depth anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of body moderate to strongly convex in snout region, straight to supraoccipital tip, convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin; slanted ventrally from dorsal-fin origin to caudal peduncle; gently concave along caudal peduncle to caudal-fin base. Ventral profile of body convex from tip of lower jaw to pelvic-fin origin, straight between pelvic and analfin origins, posterodorsally slanted from anal-fin origin to caudal peduncle, and slightly convex along caudal peduncle. Ventral portion of body between bases of pectoral and pelvic fins transversally rounded; ventral portion of body between origins of pelvic and anal fins more compressed. Dorsal-fin origin usually situated nearer base of caudal-fin rays than snout tip. Pelvic-fin origin located anteriorly to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Anal-fin origin located posteriorly to vertical through base of last dorsal-fin ray. Tip of pectoral fin reaching pelvic-fin origin, and pelvic fin reaching anal-fin origin in larger mature males. +Mouth terminal, placed at level of lower third of eye. Premaxilla bearing two series of teeth; a developed ascending process, with rather broad base and acute tip. Outer premaxillary tooth row with 3(9) or 4(19*) tricuspidate or pentacuspidate teeth. Inner premaxillary row with 5 teeth gently concave anteriorly; slender symphysial tooth, with 4 cusps, the second and third with 5-7 cusps; and the remaining teeth with 3-5 cusps (Fig. 2). Ascending maxillary process well developed; laminar portion of maxilla meeting mouth commissure at an oblique angle, bearing 1(23*), or 2(5) tricuspidate or pentacuspidate teeth. Dentary with 9-12 teeth: four anterior teeth decreasing gradually in size, followed by one tooth of intermediate size, and a series of 4-7 smaller conical or tricuspidate teeth (Fig. 2); two anterior teeth hexacuspidate or heptacuspidate, the third and fourth pentacuspidate to heptacuspidate, the fifth tricuspidate to pentacuspidate. +Eye of medium size. Third infraorbital reaching close to horizontal arm of preopercle latero-sensory canal, although not contacting it. +Dorsal fin rays iii, 9; first one readily visible in C&S specimens; last unbranched and first branched rays longest. Anal fin rays iv -v, 17(1), 19(1), 20(1), 21(6*), 22(6), 23(12), or 24(1); females with last unbranched and first 5-6 branched rays forming a small lobe. Anal fin in males with straight distal margin. Males with hooks on last unbranched analfin ray and posterior branch of anterior 6-12 branched anal-fin rays. Principal caudal-fin rays i,17,i; caudal lobes of approximately same size. Pectoral fin rays i,11(2), 12(15), or 13(11*). Each pelvic fin with splint and i,7 rays; males with medially directed hooks well developed in medial branches of first to fifth or sixth branched pelvic-fin rays. +Scales cycloid, with radii only on posterior field and not meeting each other anteriorly; no circuli on posterior field. Lateral-line with 35(11*), 36(13) or 37(4) perforated scales; 6(2) or 7(26*) transverse scales from dorsal-fin origin to lateral line, and 5(2), 6(24), or 7(2*) scales from lateral line to pelvic-fin origin; 15(3), 16(17*) or 17(8) scales around caudal peduncle; one row with 9-14 scales covering base of anterior seventh to fourteenth anal-fin ray; scales covering only base of caudal-fin rays. +Lateral edge of first branchial arch with 19-21 gill rakers, placed as follows: 7-8 on epibranchial, 1 on cartilage, 10 on ceratobranchial, and 2 on hypobranchial; medial-posterior edge of epibranchial with a second row of 4-5 gill rakers. One row of 3-7 hooks on anterior edge of first ceratobranchial gill rakers; occasionally also a 1-3 hooks on posterior edge. Total vertebrae 33-35 (16-17 precaudal vertebrae and 17-18 caudal vertebrae). Pairs of ribs 11-12. Caudal fin with 9-10 dorsal and 7-9 ventral procurrent rays. +Color in life: Body silvery, especially over lateral stripe and abdominal area; darker on dorsal part of body. Dark humeral spot vertically elongated. Caudal spot hardly visible, becoming evident over caudal fin to end of its medial rays. Orange to intense red on dorsal and anal fins; caudal lobes yellowish proximally and distally, with an intense red area in middle of its length. Pupil with a reddish area on upper margin and often on lower one. +Color in alcohol-preserved specimens: Uniformly yellowish, darker dorsally. +First black humeral spot vertically elongated; second one faint although always evident. Lateral stripe very faint anteriorly, becoming more evident posteriorly. Caudal spot well developed, black, triangular or irregular in shape, extending to tip of middle caudal-fin rays. Dorsal, anal, pelvic and adipose fins hyaline; caudal-fin lobes hyaline. Sometimes, pupil bearing a vertical brownish stripe. + + + +Distribution: Upper +Rio +Bermejo basin, Provincia de Salta, Argentina (Fig. 3). + + + +Habitat notes: In a series of collections made by the authors during different seasons over a three-year period, this species was very abundant in a broad range of environments, from rather fast-flowing streams to deep pools. + + +Etymology: The specific epithet endy is a Chiriguano word meaning flame, in allusion to the color of the caudal-fin in life. A noun in apposition. + + +Discussion + +Astyanax endy +resembles +A. eigenmanniorum +in number of lateral line scales and fin-rays, but is distinguished from that species by having a higher number of transverse scales (7/6 vs. 6/5) on the body, the maxilla scarcely reaching (vs. surpassing) the anterior margin of the eye, a lower number of gill-rakers in the first branchial arch (19-21 vs. 23-26), lesser upper-jaw length (34.4-40.2 vs. 41.0-46.3% HL), deeper body (36.6-42.2 vs. 32.1-37.9% SL), and greater postorbital distance (41.0-48.5 vs. 33.0-41.7 % HL). + + +The new species is distinguished from + +Astyanax leonidas Azpelicueta, Casciotta & +Almiron + +; + +A. ojiara Azpelicueta & +Garcia + +; + +A. troya Azpelicueta, Casciotta & +Almiron + +; + +A. pynandi Casciotta, +Almiron +& Azpelicueta + +; + +A. chico Casciotta & +Almiron + +; + +A. hermosus Miquelarena, Protogino & +Lopez + +; and +A. tumbayaensis Miquelarena & Menni +by the absence of hooks on the dorsal, caudal and/or pectoral fins of males. +Astyanax endy +differs from +A. ojiara +, +A. troya +, +A. pynandi +, +A. chico +, and + +A. ita +Almiron +, Azpelicueta & Casciotta + +in having 4 gradually decreasing dentary teeth, 1 intermediate, and 4-7 posterior conical teeth of approximately equal size (vs. 7-10 gradually decreasing dentary teeth). + + +Astyanax endy +shares a similar shape of the 5 anterior dentary teeth with +A. leonidas +, +A. hermosus +, and + +A. pampa Casciotta, +Almiron +& Azpelicueta + +. It is further distinguished from +A. leonidas +by the dorsal profile of the body (nearly straight vs. very convex), greater number of small posterior dentary teeth (4-7 vs. 3-4), greater number of anal-fin rays (usually 21-23 vs. 17-21), deeper body (36.6-42.2 vs. 30.2-35.3 % SL), greater interorbital distance (31.9-37.6 vs. 26.9-30.4 % HL), and greater number of gill rakers on first branchial arch (19-21 vs. 17-19). +Astyanax endy +is also distinguished from +A. hermosus +by shape of the humeral spot (vertically elongated vs. Y-shaped), longer caudal peduncle (12.6-15.9 vs. 6.8-10.4 % SL), greater eye diameter (36.0-40.9 vs. 29.7-34.7 % HL), and shorter maxillary length (22.7-28.0 vs. 30.8-34.0 % HL). The new species is also distinguished from +A. pampa +by the greater number of branched anal-fin rays (usually 21-23 vs. 17-20), greater number of transverse scales (7/6 vs. 6/5), and longer caudal peduncle (12.6-15.9 vs. 10.5-12.7 % SL). + + +Astyanax endy +is distinguished from +A. latens +, + +A. tupi Azpelicueta, Mirande, +Almiron +& Casciotta + +; and + +A. saguazu Casciotta, +Almiron +& Azpelicueta + +by a lower number of branched anal-fin rays (17-24 vs. 24-29 in +A. latens +, 24-27 in +A. tupi +, and 25-29 in +A. saguazu +). In addition, it is distinguished from +A. latens +and +A. tupi +by a lower number of gill rakers on the first branchial arch (19-21 in +A. endy +vs. 26-27 in +A. latens +and 24-25 in +A. tupi +). The new species is distinguished from + +A. paris Azpelicueta, +Almiron +& Casciotta + +by the lower number of maxillary teeth (1-2 vs. 3-4). +Astyanax endy +lacks longitudinal stripes between the scale rows, which are found in +A. lineatus +; and also lacks the horizontally oval first humeral spot found in both +A. asuncionensis +and +A. abramis +. +Astyanax endy +can be further distinguished from +A. chico +by a convex (vs. straight) snout profile; an oblique (vs. nearly right) angle between maxilla and mouth commissure; cusp bases from inner premaxillary row teeth following an arch (vs. nearly aligned) in lingual view; and a longer caudal peduncle (12.6-15.9 vs. 10.1-12.0 % SL). The new species can be further distinguished from +A. tumbayaensis +by the absence of a reticulated pigmentation pattern; the absence of densely concentrated superficial chromatophores on the third infraorbital, opercle, premaxilla, maxilla and dentary; a greater orbital diameter (36.0-40.9 vs. 28.9- 35.0 % HL); a shorter interorbital distance (31.9-37.6 vs. 38.8-44.1 % HL); and a different distribution of anal-fin hooks (on anterior 7-12 rays vs. on anterior 16-19 rays). + + +In the upper +Rio +Bermejo basin, the following species occur together with +Astyanax endy +: +A. latens +, +A. chico +, +A. lineatus +, +A. asuncionensis +, +A. abramis +, and +A. tumbayaensis +, with the last species limited to a restricted area in the highlands of Jujuy Province, Argentina. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/56/16565657096A53089A4549CC0E51AC7F.xml b/data/16/56/56/16565657096A53089A4549CC0E51AC7F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5deb357dca5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/56/16565657096A53089A4549CC0E51AC7F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +New combinations in Neotropical Thelypteridaceae + + + +Author + +Salino, Alexandre +Departamento de Botanica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 - Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Caixa Postal 486, CEP 30123 - 970 +salinobh@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Almeida, Thais E. +Programa de Ciencias Naturais, Instituto de Ciencias da Educacao - Universidade Federal do Oeste do Para, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s / n, Campus Rondon - Santarem, Para, Brazil 68040 - 070 + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, University of California, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465, USA + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2015 + +2015-12-02 + + +57 + + +11 +50 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 +1314-2003-57-11 +98412B4A8904FFAAFFD64239FFE1FF8E +576315 + + + + +Steiropteris mexiae (C.Chr. ex Copel.) Salino & T.E.Almeida +comb. nov. + + + + +Dryopteris mexiae C.Chr. ex Copel. +, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot., 17: 32. 1932. + + +Thelypteris mexiae (C.Chr. ex Copel.) Ching +, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 10: 252. 1941. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7804160120448FB12B4072578.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7804160120448FB12B4072578.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6d9c251353a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7804160120448FB12B4072578.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + +Genus + +Pseudonodosaria +Boomgaart, 1949 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Test ovoid, uniserial, early chambers strongly embracing and increasing rapidly in diameter; sutures horizontal and flush; aperture terminal with radiate slits ( + +Hayward +et al +. 2012 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E78041601807AFFAC6B132257B.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E78041601807AFFAC6B132257B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3ae9f965130 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E78041601807AFFAC6B132257B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,3787 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Pseudonodosaria subannulata +( +Cushman, 1923 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 15 + + + + + + + +Nodosaria subannulata +Cushman, 1923: 66 + + +, pl. 12 fig. 9. + + + + + +Pseudonodosaria subannulata + +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 206 + +, pl. 1 figs h–k, pl. 3 figs e–f. + + + + +non + +Nodosaria aequalis +(Reuss, 1863) + +– + +Goës 1894: 72 + +, pl. 13 figs 704–705, 708, 710–711. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 2; +65.6953° N +, +11.0106° W +; RP sledge; depth + +978 m + +; -0.41°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2014 +; +IINH 39912 + +• + +7; +65.9853° N +, +10.7419° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1195 m + +; -0.79°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2015 +; +IINH 39911 + +• + +1; +66.0186° N +, +10.725° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1211 m + +; -0.79°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2016 +; +IINH 39913 + +• + +60; +66.5769° N +, +11.2303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1390 m + +; -0.82°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2018 +; +IINH 39901 + +• + +2; +66.5547° N +, +12.1989° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1253 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2019 +; +IINH 39902 + +• + +6; +66.6278° N +, +12.1542° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1314 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2020 +; +IINH 39903 + +• + +2; +66.5394° N +, +13.2833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +317 m + +; 1.41°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2024 +; +IINH 39904 + +• + +15; +67.2061° N +, +13.3494° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1648 m + +; -0.76°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2027 +; +IINH 39905 + +• + +6; +67.0581° N +, +13.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +931 m + +; -0.56°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2029 +; +IINH 39906 + +• + +1; +67.0081° N +, +13.4403° W +; RP sledge; depth + +831 m + +; -0.55°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2030 +; +IINH 39907 + +• + +5; +66.3647° N +, +13.4856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +310 m + +; 1.3°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2040 +; +IINH 39908 + +• + +1; +65.7025° N +, +12.8833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 1.96°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2047 +; +IINH 39909 + +• + +2; +65.6531° N +, +12.3583° W +; RP sledge; depth + +247 m + +; 1.2°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2049 +; +IINH 39910 + +• + +7; +66.6778° N +, +17.92° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +201 m + +; 2.73°C; 34.86 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2074 +; +IINH 39914 + +• + +12; +67.6808° N +, +17.1772° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1048 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2077 +; +IINH 39917 + +• + +5; +67.6719° N +, +17.2008° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1046 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2079 +; +IINH 39915 + +• + +5; +67.0194° N +, +17.585° W +; RP sledge; depth + +300 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2096 +; +IINH 39916 + +• + +48; +68.0017° N +, +19.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1141 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.88 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2100 +; +IINH 39918 + +• + +1; +68.0072° N +, +19.4414° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1146 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.88 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2102 +; +IINH 39919 + +• + +2; +67.8372° N +, +19.5581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +905 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2107 +; +IINH 39934 + +• + +1; +67.1189° N +, +19.8775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2119 +; +IINH 39959 + +• + +7; +67.1275° N +, +19.9042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +280 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2121 +; +IINH 39935 + +• + +4; +67.1858° N +, +19.5672° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +346 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2122 +; +IINH 42233 + +• + +6; +66.9975° N +, +18.8394° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +208 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2126 +; +IINH 39936 + +• + +8; +66.9839° N +, +18.8436° W +; RP sledge; depth + +203 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2128 +; +IINH 39937 + +• + +1; +66.7744° N +, +18.7042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +678 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2129 +; +IINH 39933 + +• + +6; +66.7197° N +, +19.3303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +297 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2137 +; +IINH 39938 + +• + +2; +66.72° N +, +19.5861° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +204 m + +; 4.71°C; 34.95 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2140 +; +IINH 39939 + +• + +4; +66.7228° N +, +19.5883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +207 m + +; 4.71°C; 34.95 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2142 +; +IINH 39940 + +• + +11; +66.7592° N +, +20.0878° W +; RP sledge; depth + +293 m + +; 3°C; 34.86 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2149 +; +IINH 39958 + +• + +6; +66.7097° N +, +20.0469° W +; RP sledge; depth + +149 m + +; 5.06°C; 34.95 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2150 +; +IINH 39941 + +• + +14; +66.45° N +, +19.5969° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +294 m + +; 4.51°C; 34.93 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2162 +; +IINH 39957 + +• + +2; +66.4542° N +, +19.6078° W +; RP sledge; depth + +294 m + +; 4.51°C; 34.93 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2164 +; +IINH 39956 + +• + +3; +66.3308° N +, +19.6042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +169 m + +; 5.07°C; 34.93 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2166 +; +IINH 39955 + +• + +2; +66.3367° N +, +19.5953° W +; RP sledge; depth + +183 m + +; 5.07°C; 34.93 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2167 +; +IINH 39960 + +• + +4; +66.4369° N +, +18.8214° W +; RP sledge; depth + +437 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2172 +; +IINH 39961 + +• + +2; +66.4436° N +, +18.8192° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +425 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2174 +; +IINH 39954 + +• + +2; +66.5139° N +, +18.5422° W +; RP sledge; depth + +201 m + +; 4.63°C; 34.94 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2177 +; +IINH 39962 + +• + +30; +64.2689° N +, +24.4347° W +; RP sledge; depth + +213 m + +; 6.85°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2215 +; +IINH 39984 + +• + +4; +64.2686° N +, +24.4386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +214 m + +; 6.85°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2216 +; +IINH 39985 + +• + +2; +64.2128° N +, +25.2931° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2218 +; +IINH 39986 + +• + +10; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 39953 + +• + +16; +63.9169° N +, +25.2775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +240 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2221 +; +IINH 39987 + +• + +1; +63.7564° N +, +24.9353° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +425 m + +; 5.88°C; 35.06 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2224 +; +IINH 39988 + +• + +2; +63.7578° N +, +24.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +426 m + +; 5.88°C; 35.06 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2226 +; +IINH 39989 + +• + +2; +63.8167° N +, +24.3736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.96°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2229 +; +IINH 39952 + +• + +1; +63.8283° N +, +24.3547° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +296 m + +; 6.96°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2230 +; +IINH 39951 + +• + +2; +63.4528° N +, +24.6875° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2237 +; +IINH 39992 + +• + +1; +63.3519° N +, +25.3717° W +; RP sledge; depth + +305 m + +; 6.65°C; 35.1 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2241 +; +IINH 39990 + +• + +1; +63.2528° N +, +25.8286° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +852 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2251 +; +IINH 39991 + +• + +2; +63.3464° N +, +23.4236° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +347 m + +; 6.87°C; 35.12 ppt; + +9 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2284 +; +IINH 39993 + +• + +1; +62.9039° N +, +22.6592° W +; RP sledge; depth + +981 m + +; 4.54°C; 34.98 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2297 +; +IINH 39994 + +• + +2; +63.0028° N +, +22.6669° W +; RP sledge; depth + +775 m + +; 5.53°C; 35.03 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2299 +; +IINH 39950 + +• + +3; +63.2506° N +, +22.7936° W +; RP sledge; depth + +263 m + +; 7.12°C; 35.13 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2308 +; +IINH 39949 + +• + +13; +62.7167° N +, +12.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +803 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2334 +; +IINH 39996 + +• + +1; +62.45° N +, +12.9167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1099 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2337 +; +IINH 39995 + +• + +1; +62.1333° N +, +13.3333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1302 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2340 +; +IINH 40001 + +• + +1; +62.8667° N +, +21.7361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1074 m + +; 4°C; 34.97 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2410 +; +IINH 39948 + +• + +3; +63.1167° N +, +19.95° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1072 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2429 +; +IINH 40000 + +• + +5; +63.0689° N +, +19.8592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1207 m + +; 4.45°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2431 +; +IINH 39998 + +• + +2; +63.2389° N +, +19.5361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +965 m + +; 5.48°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2435 +; +IINH 39999 + +• + +2; +65.8094° N +, +23.9242° W +; RP sledge; depth + +62 m + +; 3.56°C; 34.3 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2480 +; +IINH 39997 + +• + +2; +66.8425° N +, +23.1786° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +196 m + +; 5.52°C; 35.01 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2566 +; +IINH 40012 + +• + +3; +67.2147° N +, +22.4294° W +; RP sledge; depth + +333 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2591 +; +IINH 40002 + +• + +25; +67.0028° N +, +22.5714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +203 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2595 +; +IINH 40003 + +• + +2; +67.0092° N +, +17.4175° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +246 m + +; 2.95°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2608 +; +IINH 40004 + +• + +1; +67.4286° N +, +16.1703° W +; RP sledge; depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2627 +; +IINH 40005 + +• + +1; +67.3894° N +, +15.9775° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +699 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2631 +; +IINH 40006 + +• + +1; +67.5044° N +, +15.8069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +795 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2634 +; +IINH 40015 + +• + +30; +67.8189° N +, +15.505° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1009 m + +; -0.59°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2638 +; +IINH 40008 + +• + +6; +67.9364° N +, +15.3725° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1097 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2640 +; +IINH 40009 + +• + +9; +68.0208° N +, +15.2519° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1202 m + +; -0.64°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2644 +; +IINH 39947 + +• + +16; +68.0922° N +, +15.3258° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1304 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2647 +; +IINH 39946 + +• + +6; +68.0858° N +, +15.3181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1306 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2648 +; +IINH 40010 + +• + +5; +67.2447° N +, +15.4783° W +; RP sledge; depth + +277 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2660 +; +IINH 40011 + +• + +1; +66.9989° N +, +15.7606° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +187 m + +; 2.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2668 +; +IINH 40013 + +• + +2; +66.6331° N +, +16.7017° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +77 m + +; 4.1°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2678 +; +IINH 40014 + +• + +10; +64.1722° N +, +27.7194° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1042 m + +; 4.2°C; 34.93 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2697 +; +IINH 40016 + +• + +1; +63.925° N +, +28.2889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1407 m + +; 3.71°C; 34.91 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2707 +; +IINH 40018 + +• + +1; +64.7278° N +, +30.125° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2170 m + +; 3.13°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2708 +; +IINH 40021 + +• + +9; +64.575° N +, +24.5222° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +250 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2712 +; +IINH 40020 + +• + +10; +64.575° N +, +24.5472° W +; RP sledge; depth + +273 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2713 +; +IINH 39945 + +• + +7; +64.5167° N +, +25.725° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +358 m + +; 5.59°C; 35.04 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2716 +; +IINH 40022 + +• + +45; +64.5083° N +, +25.7333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +256 m + +; 5.59°C; 35.04 ppt; + +7 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2717 +; +IINH 39944 + +• + +3; +64.4389° N +, +26.4056° W +; RP sledge; depth + +304 m + +; 5.56°C; 35.04 ppt; + +7 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2720 +; +IINH 39943 + +• + +1; +62.3472° N +, +16.9917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2074 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.96 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2856 +; +IINH 40017 + +• + +2; +61.7286° N +, +16.9633° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2295 m + +; 2.6°C; 34.96 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2860 +; +IINH 40025 + +• + +50; +64.6833° N +, +25.6072° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2869 +; +IINH 40024 + +• + +1; +64.9278° N +, +27.2494° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +367 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2880 +; +IINH 40023 + +• + +15; +62.8708° N +, +14.7006° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1729 m + +; 2.51°C; 34.96 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3067 +; +IINH 40038 + +• + +5; +67.3264° N +, +21.1819° W +; RP sledge; depth + +314 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.86 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3104 +; +IINH 40037 + +• + +1; +68.1561° N +, +17.9856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +875 m + +; -0.48°C; 34.89 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3124 +; +IINH 40030 + +• + +9; +61.7167° N +, +22.9639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1741 m + +; 2.79°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3164 +; +IINH 40032 + +• + +10; +60.9244° N +, +22.7906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1897 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3167 +; +IINH 40035 + +• + +1; +65.7425° N +, +7.0264° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2002 m + +; -0.87°C; 34.91 ppt; + +9 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3208 +; +IINH 40028 + +• + +1; +66.235° N +, +6.8714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2544 m + +; -0.87°C; 34.91 ppt; + +9 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3210 +; +IINH 40036 + +• + +1; +67.0383° N +, +6.2064° W +; RP sledge; depth + +3003 m + +; -0.9°C; 34.91 ppt; + +10 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3214 +; +IINH 40039 + +• + +8; +67.1072° N +, +7.4533° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2014 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3216 +; +IINH 40033 + +• + +4; +67.2553° N +, +8.4683° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1642 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3219 +; +IINH 40042 + +• + +5; +68.59° N +, +8.2514° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1997 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +12 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3226 +; +IINH 40029 + +• + +2; +62.4222° N +, +19.8167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1780 m + +; 2.95°C; 34.98 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3264 +; +IINH 40031 + +• + +1; +62.9836° N +, +18.1517° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1232 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3546 +; +IINH 40040 + +• + +1; +63.32° N +, +25.2569° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +296 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3604 +; +IINH 40027 + +• + +1; +68.8364° N +, +9.245° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1844 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3636 +; +IINH 40041 + +• + +1; +68.7864° N +, +15.3186° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1492 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3656 +; +IINH 40026 + +• + +2; +66.5283° N +, +20.9525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +200 m + +; 1.98°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3668 +; +IINH 40034 + +• + +16; +74.9756° N +, +13.0942°E +; 0; depth + +317 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Jun. 1994 + +; NI-SAFN 31- 14; +IINH 40095 + +• + +1; +65.3606° N +, +13.6158° W +; RP sledge; depth + +64 m + +; 5.17°C; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2003 +; +IINH 42143 + +• + +1; +63.1278° N +, +22.9083° W +; RP sledge; depth + +520 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2401 +; +IINH 42144 + +• + +18; +63.0583° N +, +21.8333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +838 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2403 +; +IINH 42145 + +• + +4; +63.0417° N +, +21.8556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +802 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2404 +; +IINH 42146 + +• + +1; +63.0083° N +, +21.0211° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +784 m + +; 5.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2414 +; +IINH 42147 + +• + +4; +63.005° N +, +21.015° W +; RP sledge; depth + +819 m + +; 5.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2415 +; +IINH 42148 + +• + +3; +63.175° N +, +20.0692° W +; RP sledge; depth + +778 m + +; 5.5°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2427 +; +IINH 42149 + +• + +2; +63.175° N +, +21.5333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +450 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2469 +; +IINH 42150 + +• + +3; +63.1233° N +, +21.6119° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +647 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.06 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2471 +; +IINH 42151 + +• + +2; +63.0722° N +, +21.5917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +842 m + +; 5.54°C; 35.03 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2475 +; +IINH 42152 + +• + +31; +67.9419° N +, +15.3581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1098 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2642 +; +IINH 42153 + +• + +17; +66.8389° N +, +16.2706° W +; RP sledge; depth + +227 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.89 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2673 +; +IINH 42154 + +• + +7; +67.0908° N +, +20.1411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; -0.01°C; 34.86 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2736 +; +IINH 42155 + +• + +10; +68.0203° N +, +20.6578° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +970 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.89 ppt; + +31 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2749 +; +IINH 42156 + +• + +6; +67.9178° N +, +19.3269° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1023 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.89 ppt; + +31 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2754 +; +IINH 42157 + +• + +11; +67.93° N +, +17.7072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1130 m + +; -0.53°C; 34.89 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2762 +; +IINH 42158 + +• + +6; +68.1083° N +, +17.5347° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1220 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.89 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2765 +; +IINH 42159 + +• + +17; +69.2614° N +, +14.2172° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1633 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2772 +; +IINH 42160 + +• + +16; +68.6028° N +, +14.6756° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1553 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2776 +; +IINH 42161 + +• + +42; +68.345° N +, +15.7858° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1413 m + +; -0.74°C; 34.89 ppt; + +4 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2779 +; +IINH 42162 + +• + +5; +63.0681° N +, +17.1217° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +1318 m + +; 3.94°C; 34.95 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2841 +; +IINH 42164 + +• + +21; +63.0944° N +, +17.3528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1085 m + +; 4.48°C; 35.01 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2844 +; +IINH 42163 + +• + +12; +62.0725° N +, +20.5986° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1681 m + +; 2.67°C; 34.96 ppt; + +31 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2864 +; +IINH 42165 + +• + +11; +64.6936° N +, +25.6056° W +; RP sledge; depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2867 +; +IINH 42166 + +• + +78; +64.6928° N +, +25.6061° W +; RP sledge; depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2868 +; +IINH 42167 + +• + +75; +64.6833° N +, +25.6072° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2869 +; +IINH 40024 + +• + +1; +65.8086° N +, +25.6522° W +; RP sledge; depth + +227 m + +; 6.2°C; 35.05 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2947 +; +IINH 42169 + +• + +52; +65.0433° N +, +25.8742° W +; RP sledge; depth + +163 m + +; 6.34°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2976 +; +IINH 42171 + +• + +79; +64.9225° N +, +25.7775° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +183 m + +; 6.22°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2978 +; +IINH 42170 + +• + +5; +64.92° N +, +25.5167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +168 m + +; 6.42°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2981 +; +IINH 42173 + +• + +18; +64.775° N +, +25.5583° W +; RP sledge; depth + +175 m + +; 6.45°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2983 +; +IINH 42174 + +• + +2; +63.3153° N +, +14.3614° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1642 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.97 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3005 +; +IINH 42175 + +• + +4; +63.3167° N +, +14.35° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1634 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.97 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3006 +; +IINH 42176 + +• + +2; +61.9014° N +, +15.1375° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2082 m + +; 2.83°C; 34.97 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3072 +; +IINH 42177 + +• + +14; +67.1442° N +, +22.7658° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +290 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.87 ppt; + +20 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3094 +; +IINH 42178 + +• + +43; +67.1839° N +, +21.7689° W +; RP sledge; depth + +230 m + +; 1.3°C; 34.87 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3099 +; +IINH 42179 + +• + +2; +68.7325° N +, +16.5853° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1715 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3127 +; +IINH 42183 + +• + +23; +68.2575° N +, +20.0189° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1112 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +24 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3136 +; +IINH 42180 + +• + +1; +67.2194° N +, +24.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1223 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3146 +; +IINH 42184 + +• + +1; +62.6197° N +, +23.3669° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1250 m + +; 3.61°C; 34.99 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3162 +; +IINH 42185 + +• + +3; +60.9264° N +, +22.7897° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1898 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3166 +; +IINH 42186 + +• + +43; +65.6508° N +, +9.1203° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +818 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.9 ppt; + +7 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3194 +; +IINH 42182 + +• + +38; +65.5139° N +, +8.525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +935 m + +; -0.63°C; 34.9 ppt; + +8 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3198 +; +IINH 42181 + +• + +43; +67.9047° N +, +8.1094° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1525 m + +; -0.83°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3222 +; +IINH 42187 + +• + +4; +68.5794° N +, +8.2653° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1993 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +12 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3225 +; +IINH 42188 + +• + +3; +62.9972° N +, +19.1861° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1311 m + +; 3.72°C; 34.99 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3259 +; +IINH 42189 + +• + +3; +62.9944° N +, +19.1917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1308 m + +; 3.72°C; 34.99 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3260 +; +IINH 42191 + +• + +6; +62.5306° N +, +19.6639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1682 m + +; 3.3°C; 34.99 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3263 +; +IINH 42190 + +• + +16; +62.0294° N +, +19.8208° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1733 m + +; 3.09°C; 34.99 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3504 +; +IINH 42192 + +• + +1; +61.9264° N +, +19.2839° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1595 m + +; 3.12°C; 35.01 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3507 +; +IINH 42193 + +• + +16; +62.0444° N +, +19.6531° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3509 +; +IINH 42194 + +• + +2; +62.5206° N +, +17.1742° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1940 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.99 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3522 +; +IINH 42195 + +• + +1; +62.6467° N +, +17.0625° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1921 m + +; 2.37°C; 34.99 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3524 +; +IINH 42196 + +• + +1; +62.7239° N +, +14.5861° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1708 m + +; 2.51°C; 34.98 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3531 +; +IINH 42197 + +• + +15; +64.1292° N +, +24.1047° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +291 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3549 +; +IINH 42198 + +• + +16; +64.1297° N +, +24.1044° W +; RP sledge; depth + +290 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3550 +; +IINH 42199 + +• + +3; +64.2911° N +, +25.6833° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 7.19°C; 35.16 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3552 +; +IINH 42200 + +• + +3; +64.2872° N +, +25.6994° W +; RP sledge; depth + +304 m + +; 7.19°C; 35.16 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3554 +; +IINH 42201 + +• + +5; +64.2086° N +, +26.2211° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +334 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3557 +; +IINH 42202 + +• + +2; +64.2106° N +, +26.2117° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +337 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3559 +; +IINH 42203 + +• + +8; +62.3875° N +, +28.2919° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1558 m + +; 3.77°C; 34.95 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3586 +; +IINH 42204 + +• + +1; +62.8328° N +, +25.2522° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +424 m + +; 7.61°C; 35.18 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3603 +; +IINH 42205 + +• + +4; +63.3289° N +, +25.265° W +; RP sledge; depth + +306 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3605 +; +IINH 42206 + +• + +8; +63.7533° N +, +25.7064° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +365 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3607 +; +IINH 42207 + +• + +8; +64.2564° N +, +26.0536° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +345 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3613 +; +IINH 42208 + +• + +3; +64.2569° N +, +26.0578° W +; RP sledge; depth + +342 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3615 +; +IINH 42209 + +• + +4; +64.6761° N +, +26.4503° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +269 m + +; 6.99°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3616 +; +IINH 42210 + +• + +13; +64.67° N +, +26.4761° W +; RP sledge; depth + +270 m + +; 6.99°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3617 +; +IINH 42211 + +• + +8; +66.4942° N +, +9.7556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1475 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3621 +; +IINH 42212 + +• + +6; +66.9967° N +, +8.8203° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1628 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3624 +; +IINH 42213 + +• + +9; +67.3369° N +, +9.5583° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1616 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3627 +; +IINH 42214 + +• + +16; +67.3314° N +, +9.5544° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1609 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3628 +; +IINH 42215 + +• + +13; +67.9378° N +, +8.2747° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1481 m + +; -0.84°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3629 +; +IINH 42216 + +• + +6; +68.0256° N +, +9.255° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1727 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3632 +; +IINH 42217 + +• + +18; +68.42° N +, +8.97° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1952 m + +; -0.84°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3633 +; +IINH 42218 + +• + +2; +68.8303° N +, +9.2436° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1853 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3635 +; +IINH 42219 + +• + +20; +66.9856° N +, +10.7206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1450 m + +; -0.77°C; 34.92 ppt; + +19 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3641 +; +IINH 42220 + +• + +6; +67.4061° N +, +10.6831° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1703 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.91 ppt; + +21 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3645 +; +IINH 42221 + +• + +4; +68.9231° N +, +12.6275° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1900 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3650 +; +IINH 42222 + +• + +11; +69.0667° N +, +13.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3652 +; +IINH 42223 + +• + +13; +68.6933° N +, +14.3206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1489 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3655 +; +IINH 42224 + +• + +1; +68.005° N +, +18.8106° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1018 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3658 +; +IINH 42225 + +• + +5; +66.5325° N +, +20.9519° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +196 m + +; 1.98°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3667 +; +IINH 42226 + +. + + + + +Fig. 15. + +Pseudonodosaria subannulata +( +Cushman, 1923 +) + +. +A, C +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2869, IIHN40054), specimen with nearly horizontal sutures (A) and aperture (C). +B, D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2856, IIHN40017), specimen with irregularly slanted sutures (B) and aperture (D). Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate to pyriform, nearly straight, short, and somewhat nodular; slightly tapering; initial end rounded. Length of test +0.5–1.5 mm +, largest specimen +2.4 mm +; test width +0.3–0.8 mm +. Chambers sub-globular, diameter increasing rapidly as added, rectilinearly arranged, sometimes in an irregular line; chambers usually strongly embracing; number of chambers 4–6. Sutures horizontal to somewhat irregularly slanted. Aperture radial, central, and slightly raised; radial tines up to 15 of different length, not fused; symmetrically arranged around a central opening. Surface smooth and secondary surface laminations absent. Wall finely perforated and thick. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Variation within this species has been noted as varieties A and B ( +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004 +): variety A has embracing rectilinear chambers, where the height of the last chamber may constitute more than half of the test length; whereas the B variety has less embracing chambers, with irregularly slanted sutures. Frequent intermediate forms render distinction between these varieties rather arbitrary. Available material of this species comprised +717 specimens +. Diameter of proloculus varies between +0.25–0.40 mm +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E78050600707A8FBB2B41425EC.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E78050600707A8FBB2B41425EC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..431d48cb7f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E78050600707A8FBB2B41425EC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1732 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Grigelis guttifera +( +d’Orbigny, 1846 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + +Figs 10–11 + + + + + + + +Dentalina guttifera +d’Orbigny, 1846: 49 + + +, pl. 2 figs 11–13. + + + + + +Nodosaria guttifera + +– + +Papp & Schmid 1985: 30 + +. pl. 13 figs 1–6. + + + + +non + +Nodosaria farcimen +(Soldani, 1791) + +– + +Flint 1899: 309 + +, pl. 55 fig. 5. — + +Cushman 1923: 71–72 + +, pl. 14 figs 8, 11. — + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 202 + +, 204, pl. 1 fig. l; pl. 2 figs f–h. + + + + +non + +Nodosaria simplex +Silvestri, 1872 + +– + +Flint 1899: 309 + +, pl. 55 fig. 2. — +Cushman 1923 +(part): 68, pl. 14 fig. 10 (only). + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 3; +63.4528° N +, +24.6875° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2237 +; +IINH 40193 + +• + +2; +63.1439° N +, +24.9833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +313 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2273 +; +IINH 40172 + +• + +1; +63.0744° N +, +22.6894° W +; RP sledge; depth + +600 m + +; 6.75°C; 35.1 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2303 +; +IINH 39704 + +• + +3; +63.2506° N +, +22.7936° W +; RP sledge; depth + +263 m + +; 7.12°C; 35.13 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2308 +; +IINH 40185 + +• + +4; +62.7167° N +, +12.8167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +800 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2333 +; +IINH 40203 + +• + +5; +62.7167° N +, +12.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +803 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2334 +; +IINH 40195 + +• + +25; +62.45° N +, +12.9167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1099 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2337 +; +IINH 14883 + +• + +2; +63.25° N +, +22.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +288 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2392 +; +IINH 40196 + +• + +2; +63.1667° N +, +21.9056° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +330 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2397 +; +IINH 40197 + +• + +3; +63.175° N +, +21.8889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +346 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2398 +; +IINH 40202 + +• + +2; +62.8769° N +, +21.7283° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1060 m + +; 4°C; 34.97 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2409 +; +IINH 40204 + +• + +2; +62.8667° N +, +21.7361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1074 m + +; 4°C; 34.97 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2410 +; +IINH 40139 + +• + +2; +62.7556° N +, +21.5667° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1171 m + +; 4.17°C; 34.98 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2413 +; +IINH 40239 + +• + +2; +63.005° N +, +21.015° W +; RP sledge; depth + +819 m + +; 5.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2415 +; +IINH 40299 + +• + +1; +63.1333° N +, +20.6667° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 7.02°C; 35.11 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2420 +; +IINH 40206 + +• + +1; +66.1717° N +, +25.9386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +275 m + +; 5.7°C; 35.01 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2493 +; +IINH 40303 + +• + +5; +64.45° N +, +28.2639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1162 m + +; 3.72°C; 34.92 ppt; + +31 Aug. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2692 +; +IINH 40209 + +• + +6; +64.1722° N +, +27.7194° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1042 m + +; 4.2°C; 34.93 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2697 +; +IINH 40257 + +• + +4; +64.0972° N +, +27.8361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1121 m + +; 3.84°C; 34.92 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2701 +; +IINH 40249 + +• + +15; +64.7278° N +, +30.125° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2170 m + +; 3.13°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2708 +; +IINH 40107 + +• + +8; +62.6667° N +, +19.75° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1695 m + +; 3.31°C; 34.97 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2810 +; +IINH 40108 + +• + +1; +62.6733° N +, +19.76° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1695 m + +; 3.31°C; 34.97 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2811 +; +IINH 40109 + +• + +3; +62.9833° N +, +17.8361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +947 m + +; 3.48°C; 34.98 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2846 +; +IINH 40238 + +• + +1; +62.8394° N +, +18.0117° W +; RP sledge; depth + +976 m + +; 3.26°C; 34.98 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2849 +; +IINH 40237 + +• + +8; +62.675° N +, +16.9722° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1833 m + +; 2.4°C; 34.96 ppt; + +28 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2853 +; +IINH 40236 + +• + +7; +62.3472° N +, +16.9917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2074 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.96 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2856 +; +IINH 40101 + +• + +2; +61.8394° N +, +16.8906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2270 m + +; 2.37°C; 34.95 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2859 +; +IINH 42234 + +• + +2; +61.7286° N +, +16.9633° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2295 m + +; 2.6°C; 34.96 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2860 +; +IINH 40103 + +• + +2; +64.6281° N +, +27.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +554 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2873 +; +IINH 40104 + +• + +1; +64.5878° N +, +27.6167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +776 m + +; 6.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2877 +; +IINH 40106 + +• + +1; +65.3889° N +, +28.3508° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1066 m + +; 4.78°C; 34.98 ppt; + +24 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2903 +; +IINH 40232 + +• + +1; +65.3908° N +, +28.3575° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1057 m + +; 4.78°C; 34.98 ppt; + +24 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2904 +; +IINH 40228 + +• + +1; +65.1836° N +, +29.0717° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1456 m + +; 3.9°C; 34.94 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2912 +; +IINH 40234 + +• + +1; +64.91° N +, +29.9869° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2005 m + +; 3.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2914 +; +IINH 40110 + +• + +2; +63.3153° N +, +14.3614° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1642 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.97 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3005 +; +IINH 40231 + +• + +1; +61.3722° N +, +15.3272° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2133 m + +; 3.29°C; 34.95 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3012 +; +IINH 40111 + +• + +12; +62.8708° N +, +14.7006° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1729 m + +; 2.51°C; 34.96 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3067 +; +IINH 40235 + +• + +13; +62.4889° N +, +14.5094° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1602 m + +; 3.24°C; 34.94 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3069 +; +IINH 40123 + +• + +2; +61.9014° N +, +15.1375° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2082 m + +; 2.83°C; 34.97 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3072 +; +IINH 40112 + +• + +1; +62.6189° N +, +23.3719° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1250 m + +; 3.61°C; 34.99 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3161 +; +IINH 40242 + +• + +3; +60.9264° N +, +22.7897° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1898 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3166 +; +IINH 40116 + +• + +5; +60.9244° N +, +22.7906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1897 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3167 +; +IINH 40114 + +• + +3; +61.2403° N +, +27.9272° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +1005 m + +; 4.6°C; 34.97 ppt; + +31 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3183 +; +IINH 40229 + +• + +3; +62.9972° N +, +19.1861° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1311 m + +; 3.72°C; 34.99 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3259 +; +IINH 40122 + +• + +2; +62.9944° N +, +19.1917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1308 m + +; 3.72°C; 34.99 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3260 +; +IINH 40121 + +• + +80; +62.5306° N +, +19.6639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1682 m + +; 3.3°C; 34.99 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3263 +; +IINH 40120 + +• + +1; +62.4222° N +, +19.8167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1780 m + +; 2.95°C; 34.98 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3264 +; +IINH 40118 + +• + +5; +62.8972° N +, +15.9333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1692 m + +; 2.85°C; 35 ppt; + +16 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3280 +; +IINH 40245 + +• + +4; +62.8028° N +, +16.225° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1810 m + +; 2.54°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3281 +; +IINH 40244 + +• + +14; +62.8° N +, +16.2556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1813 m + +; 2.54°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3282 +; +IINH 40256 + +• + +9; +62.0294° N +, +19.8208° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1733 m + +; 3.09°C; 34.99 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3504 +; +IINH 40168 + +• + +1; +61.7814° N +, +19.7458° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1809 m + +; 2.55°C; 34.99 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3505 +; +IINH 40251 + +• + +1; +61.9264° N +, +19.2839° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1595 m + +; 3.12°C; 35.01 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3507 +; +IINH 40252 + +• + +120; +62.0444° N +, +19.6531° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3509 +; +IINH 40125 + +• + +3; +62.2447° N +, +19.4839° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1605 m + +; 2.67°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3510 +; +IINH 40248 + +• + +1; +62.4331° N +, +19.7708° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1780 m + +; 2.93°C; 35 ppt; + +4 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3514 +; +IINH 40167 + +• + +2; +62.5203° N +, +17.9464° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1521 m + +; 3.57°C; 35.02 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3518 +; +IINH 40254 + +• + +2; +62.2711° N +, +17.5489° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1960 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.99 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3519 +; +IINH 40243 + +• + +50; +62.5206° N +, +17.1742° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1940 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.99 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3522 +; +IINH 40126 + +• + +3; +62.6467° N +, +17.0625° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1921 m + +; 2.37°C; 34.99 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3524 +; +IINH 40169 + +• + +8; +62.7886° N +, +17.3436° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1662 m + +; 3.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +8 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3527 +; +IINH 40241 + +• + +2; +62.7914° N +, +17.1214° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1757 m + +; 2.95°C; 35.01 ppt; + +8 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3529 +; +IINH 40240 + +• + +10; +62.7239° N +, +14.5861° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1708 m + +; 2.51°C; 34.98 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3531 +; +IINH 40247 + +• + +1; +62.4139° N +, +14.2319° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1516 m + +; 2.57°C; 35 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3538 +; +IINH 40255 + +• + +1; +63.7628° N +, +26.3861° W +; RP sledge; depth + +496 m + +; 7.48°C; 35.18 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3563 +; +IINH 40160 + +• + +1; +63.7769° N +, +26.6589° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +788 m + +; 6.07°C; 35.06 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3564 +; +IINH 40156 + +• + +1; +63.7742° N +, +26.6525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +791 m + +; 6.07°C; 35.06 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3565 +; +IINH 40158 + +• + +2; +63.9908° N +, +26.8294° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +677 m + +; 6.62°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3568 +; +IINH 40157 + +• + +1; +63.2961° N +, +28.5775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1744 m + +; 3.7°C; 34.95 ppt; + +6 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3576 +; +IINH 40144 + +• + +6; +62.8347° N +, +29.3883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1995 m + +; 3.13°C; 34.92 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3582 +; +IINH 40253 + +• + +1; +61.835° N +, +26.1589° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +906 m + +; 5.52°C; 35.07 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3594 +; +IINH 40153 + +• + +1; +61.8328° N +, +26.1769° W +; RP sledge; depth + +916 m + +; 5.52°C; 35.07 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3595 +; +IINH 40141 + +• + +2; +62.2953° N +, +25.6311° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +774 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.12 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3597 +; +IINH 40102 + +• + +6; +62.2936° N +, +25.6328° W +; RP sledge; depth + +769 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.12 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3598 +; +IINH 40250 + +• + +2; +63.3289° N +, +25.265° W +; RP sledge; depth + +306 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3605 +; +IINH 39170 + +• + +4; +64.6761° N +, +26.4503° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +269 m + +; 6.99°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3616 +; +IINH 14755 + + + + + +Fig. 10. + +Grigelis guttifera +( +d’Orbigny, 1846 +) + +comb.nov. +A, C +. Microsphere with missing initial chambers (BIOICE 2853, IINH 40236a), side view (A) and detail of last chamber (C). +B, D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3264, IINH 40118), side view (B) and aperture (D) stained with indigo blue. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + +Fig. 11. + +Grigelis guttifera +( +d’Orbigny, 1846 +) + +comb. nov. +A +. Microsphere (BIOICE 3522, IINH 40126), base of chambers hispid; initial end missing. +B, D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2708, IINH 40107), side view, base of chambers mostly with knobs and faint striations (A) and aperture (D) stained with indigo blue. +C +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2853, IINH 40236b), base of chambers hispid and with knobs. +E +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3166, IINH 40116), aperture stained with indigo blue. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, slightly curved, sometimes straight, usually strongly nodular, megalospheres barely or slightly tapering with a rounded end; microspheres distinctly tapering to a pointed end. Length of test often +2–4 mm +, the largest is over +8 mm +; test width +0.3–0.7 mm +. Chambers usually pear-shaped with a conical neck, rectilinearly arranged in both generations, chamber embracement minimal; number of chambers in megalospheres 4 to 6; up to +12 in +microspheres. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial and central, at the end of an elongated conical neck; up to 15 radial tines, symmetrically arranged and fused in the center. Basal knob or short spine at initial end; base of chambers commonly hispid, sometimes granular or with faint striations ( +Fig. 11B +), rarely smooth. Secondary surface laminations absent. Wall thick and relatively coarsely perforated, except for an imperforate segment next to the aperture. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Of the 521 examined specimens, 17 were microspheres. Diameter of proloculus is < +0.04 mm +in microspheres and +0.24–0.46 mm +in the megalospheres. Some of the larger specimens of + +G. guttifera + +resemble + +N. subsoluta + +, but the former differs in being distinctively much more coarsely perforated ( +Fig. 10A, C +) with less embracing chambers and a longer neck. This species is placed in + +Grigelis + +since the top of the fused apertural tines is distinctively more protruding than in + +Nodosaria + +and the chambers are less embracing. It seems likely that the rare reports of + +Nodosaria simplex + +Silvestri, +1872 + + +in the North Atlantic ( +Flint 1899 +; +Cushman 1923 +) are of megalospheric juveniles of + +G. guttifera + +; illustrated specimens have two chambers, with an elongated neck and radiate aperture. However, the +types +of + +N. simplex + +from Pliocene, Sicily, have only two chambers but are described to have a rounded aperture ( +Silvestri 1872 +). +Flint (1899) +and +Cushman (1923) +reported + +G. guttifera + +as rare off +Ireland +and perhaps also in the Faroe Channel, but most reports are from deep waters in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and off Carolina. Revision of the BIOICE material, previously identified as + +N. subsoluta +( +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004 +) + +, was found to include several specimens of + +G. guttifera + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7805160030472FD1EB40823AC.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805160030472FD1EB40823AC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4908cf1f0ce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805160030472FD1EB40823AC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + + +Grigelis semirugosus +? + +( +d’Orbigny, 1846 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 9 + + + + + + + +Nodosaria semirugosa +d’Orbigny, 1846: 34 + + +, pl. 1 figs 20–23 ( +rugosa +in plate text). + + + + + +Grigelis semirugosa + +– + +Jones 1994: 75 + +, pl. 63 figs 23–27. + + + + +non + +Nodosaria pyrula +( +d’Orbigny, 1826 +) + +– + +Papp & Schmid 1985: 24 + +(nr. 10), pl. 4 figs 6–8. + + + + + +Fig. 9. + +Grigelis semirugosus +? ( +d’Orbigny, 1846 +) + +. +A +. Specimen with missing initial end (BIOICE 3669, IINH 40403). +B +. Detail of aperture (BIOICE 2465, IINH 40402). Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 5; +66.3425° N +, +23.5217° W +; RP sledge; depth + +158 m + +; 6.66°C; 35.06 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3669 +; +IINH 40403 + +• + +1; +63.2556° N +, +21.2389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +180 m + +; 7.24°C; 35.11 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2465 +; +IINH 40402 + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, nearly straight to slightly curved, strongly nodular, barely tapering, or successive chambers are of equal diameter. Length of test fragments +2–3 mm +, comprising 3–7 chambers; test width +0.2–0.3 mm +. Chambers pear-shaped with an elongated long neck, rectilinearly arranged, with minimal embracement; chambers attached at the very end of the apertural neck; number of chambers unknown, the largest fragment has 7 chambers. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, protruding and central, at the end of a long neck; radial tines up to 12, symmetrically arranged and fused in the center. Longitudinal striae cover the apertural neck and the upper and lower part of the chambers, leaving the central part smooth. Secondary surface laminations absent, wall finely perforated thin and transparent. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Typical + +G. semirugosus + +? has distinct costae or furrows that are mostly confined to the base of the chambers. However, the +six specimen +fragments at hand differ in having rather faint striations or furrows, covering the upper half and the lower part of the chambers, leaving the central part smooth ( +Fig. 9A +). In addition to being striated, the putative + +P. semirugosus + +? differs from + +P. pyrula + +in having a relatively shorter and more conical neck. The initial end in available material is missing. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7805260010419FE44B57022FE.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805260010419FE44B57022FE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a2751ffff47 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805260010419FE44B57022FE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + +Genus + +Grigelis +Mikhalevich, 1981 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +“Test elongate, uniserial; ovoid to fusiform proloculus may be up to twice the length of the first chamber; later chambers usually, but not always separated by long narrow necks; aperture terminal, at end of a long, narrow neck, radiate bars join at center giving petalloid effect.” ( + +Hayward +et al. +2012: 139 + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7805260020406FD5DB3F42230.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805260020406FD5DB3F42230.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..67a9548878d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805260020406FD5DB3F42230.xml @@ -0,0 +1,479 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Grigelis pyrula +( +d’Orbigny, 1826 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 8 + + + + + + + +Nodosaria pyrula +d’Orbigny, 1826: 253 + + +, nr. 13. + + + + + + +Nodosaria mariae +d’Orbigny, 1846: 33 + + +, pl. 1 figs 15–16. + + + + + +Grigelis pyrula + +– + +Mikhalevich 1981: 39 + +, fig 3b ( + +Grigelis + +gen. n. +in figure text p. 25). + + + + + +Nodosaria pyrula + +– + +Papp & Schmid 1985: 24 + +(nr. 8), pl. 4 figs 2–3. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +BARENTS SEA • 3; +68.5897° N +, +13.7158° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +142 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R243-36 +A; +IINH 40400 + +• + +4; +68.5897° N +, +13.7158° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +142 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R243-37 +B; +IINH 40401 + +. + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +63.72° N +, +24.4217° W +; RP sledge; depth + +209 m + +; 6.98°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2233 +; +IINH 40399 + +• + +1; +63.0417° N +, +21.8556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +802 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2404 +; +IINH 40392 + +• + +1; +63.1742° N +, +20.165° W +; RP sledge; depth + +495 m + +; 6.46°C; 35.08 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2424 +; +IINH 40388 + +• + +1; +66.6094° N +, +23.9836° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +226 m + +; 5.61°C; 35.01 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2526 +; +IINH 40397 + +• + +1; +64.575° N +, +24.5222° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +250 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2712 +; +IINH 40393 + +• + +1; +63.2511° N +, +17.8528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +206 m + +; 7.18°C; 35.14 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2818 +; +IINH 40398 + +• + +1; +63.4183° N +, +16.8444° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 7.21°C; 35.15 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2830 +; +IINH 40396 + +• + +1; +65.1333° N +, +23.6° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +121 m + +; 7.97°C; 34.93 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2965 +; +IINH 40437 + +• + +6; +65.1336° N +, +23.6047° W +; RP sledge; depth + +120 m + +; 7.97°C; 34.93 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2966 +; +IINH 40390 + +• + +1; +65.0433° N +, +25.8742° W +; RP sledge; depth + +163 m + +; 6.34°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2976 +; +IINH 40394 + +• + +1; +64.9225° N +, +25.7775° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +183 m + +; 6.22°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2978 +; +IINH 40395 + +• + +1; +64.92° N +, +25.5167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +168 m + +; 6.42°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2981 +; +IINH 40391 + +• + +4; +63.9969° N +, +14.1558° W +; RP sledge; depth + +221 m + +; 7.59°C; 35.16 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3061 +; +IINH 40389 + +• + +1; +63.7567° N +, +25.7097° W +; RP sledge; depth + +366 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3608 +; +IINH 40387 + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, nearly straight to slightly curved, strongly nodular, barely tapering, or successive chambers are of equal diameter, except the proloculus which is often largest. Length of test fragments +2–4 mm +, the largest +8 mm +; test width +0.15–0.25 mm +. Chambers pear-shaped, rectilinearly arranged, embracement minimal; chambers attached at the very end of a long apertural neck; number of chambers unknown, the largest fragment has 11 chambers. Proloculus often larger than later chambers. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, central and protruding, at the end of a long neck, with up to 12 symmetrical tines, that are fused in center. Surface smooth, except for short longitudinal costae extending for about one third to half of the upper part of the apertural neck; initial end pointed or with long spine. Secondary surface laminations absent. Wall transparent of medium thickness, finely perforated. + + + + + +Remarks + + +The 29 examined specimens were all fragments, of which four had a proloculus. The top of the aperture is commonly damaged, exposing a circular, crenulated opening. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7805460070402FA72B1A92682.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805460070402FA72B1A92682.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3f38916fbab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805460070402FA72B1A92682.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + +Genus + +Nodosaria +Lamarck, 1816 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Test uniserial, sutures horizontal, perpendicular to test axis. Surface smooth or with vertical costae; aperture radiate, or circular, bordered with radial grooves ( + +Hayward +et al. +2012 + +). Species of this genus in Icelandic waters have sub-globular to pyriform and slightly embracing chambers, resulting in a moderately nodular shape. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E78054600B0469F968B39C24F6.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E78054600B0469F968B39C24F6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fbe505d7c61 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E78054600B0469F968B39C24F6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1947 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Nodosaria subsoluta +Cushman, 1923 + + + + + + +Fig. 12 + + + + + + + +Nodosaria subsoluta +Cushman, 1923: 74–75 + + +, pl. 13 fig. 1. + + + + + +Nodosaria subsoluta + +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 202 + +, pl. 1 figs f, m; pl. 2 fig. d. + + + + + +Dentalina subsoluta + +– + +Jones 1994: 73 + +, pl. 62 figs 13–16. + + + + +non + +Nodosaria (D.) soluta +( +Reuss, 1851 +) + +– + +Goës 1894: 70 + +, pl. 12 fig. 690. — + +Flint 1899: 310 + +, pl. 56 fig. 3. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +64.1583° N +, +23.9744° W +; RP sledge; depth + +260 m + +; 7.04°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2213 +; +IINH 40184 + +• + +7; +64.2686° N +, +24.4386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +214 m + +; 6.85°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2216 +; +IINH 40188 + +• + +3; +64.2128° N +, +25.2931° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2218 +; +IINH 40171 + +• + +8; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 40182 + +• + +9; +63.9169° N +, +25.2775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +240 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2221 +; +IINH 40192 + +• + +13; +63.9269° N +, +25.2733° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +242 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2222 +; +IINH 40190 + +• + +2; +63.7578° N +, +24.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +426 m + +; 5.88°C; 35.06 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2226 +; +IINH 40164 + +• + +1; +63.8167° N +, +24.3736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.96°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2229 +; +IINH 40186 + +• + +8; +63.8283° N +, +24.3547° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +296 m + +; 6.96°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2230 +; +IINH 40183 + +• + +5; +63.7231° N +, +24.4164° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +208 m + +; 6.98°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2232 +; +IINH 40189 + +• + +2; +63.6517° N +, +24.4328° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +189 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2234 +; +IINH 40191 + +• + +7; +63.4528° N +, +24.6875° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2237 +; +IINH 40448 + +• + +4; +63.3608° N +, +25.3669° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +307 m + +; 6.65°C; 35.1 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2239 +; +IINH 40180 + +• + +1; +63.3517° N +, +25.3628° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +307 m + +; 6.65°C; 35.1 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2240 +; +IINH 40176 + +• + +2; +63.3519° N +, +25.3717° W +; RP sledge; depth + +305 m + +; 6.65°C; 35.1 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2241 +; +IINH 40175 + +• + +7; +63.2503° N +, +26.4872° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1209 m + +; 4.09°C; 34.94 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2257 +; +IINH 40187 + +• + +4; +63.1444° N +, +24.9881° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +312 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2271 +; +IINH 40174 + +• + +4; +63.1406° N +, +24.9908° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +316 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2272 +; +IINH 40178 + +• + +2; +63.1856° N +, +24.3083° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +114 m + +; 7.34°C; 35.11 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2275 +; +IINH 40177 + +• + +1; +63.1447° N +, +23.9331° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +390 m + +; 7.09°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2281 +; +IINH 40179 + +• + +1; +63.1406° N +, +23.9336° W +; RP sledge; depth + +390 m + +; 7.09°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2282 +; +IINH 40173 + +• + +2; +63.0744° N +, +22.6894° W +; RP sledge; depth + +600 m + +; 6.75°C; 35.1 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2303 +; +IINH 40199 + +• + +3; +63.2506° N +, +22.7936° W +; RP sledge; depth + +263 m + +; 7.12°C; 35.13 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2308 +; +IINH 40194 + +• + +3; +63.25° N +, +22.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +288 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2392 +; +IINH 40198 + +• + +1; +63.1667° N +, +21.9056° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +330 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2397 +; +IINH 40200 + +• + +17; +63.175° N +, +21.8889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +346 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2398 +; +IINH 40201 + +• + +11; +63.1306° N +, +21.9422° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +511 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2400 +; +IINH 40207 + +• + +9; +63.1278° N +, +22.9083° W +; RP sledge; depth + +520 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2401 +; +IINH 40208 + +• + +6; +63.0583° N +, +21.8333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +838 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2403 +; +IINH 40298 + +• + +2; +63.0417° N +, +21.8556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +802 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2404 +; +IINH 40304 + +• + +7; +63.0083° N +, +21.0211° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +784 m + +; 5.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2414 +; +IINH 40308 + +• + +1; +63.175° N +, +21.2056° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +259 m + +; 7.08°C; 35.11 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2417 +; +IINH 40099 + +• + +1; +63.1333° N +, +20.6722° W +; RP sledge; depth + +312 m + +; 7.02°C; 35.11 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2421 +; +IINH 40302 + +• + +5; +63.1778° N +, +20.15° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +600 m + +; 6.46°C; 35.08 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2423 +; +IINH 40300 + +• + +8; +63.175° N +, +20.0692° W +; RP sledge; depth + +778 m + +; 5.5°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2427 +; +IINH 40306 + +• + +2; +63.1167° N +, +19.95° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1072 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2429 +; +IINH 40309 + +• + +3; +63.0689° N +, +19.8592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1207 m + +; 4.45°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2431 +; +IINH 40100 + +• + +4; +63.2389° N +, +19.5361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +965 m + +; 5.48°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2435 +; +IINH 40205 + +• + +7; +63.1233° N +, +21.6119° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +647 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.06 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2471 +; +IINH 40301 + +• + +4; +63.1194° N +, +21.6333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +666 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.06 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2472 +; +IINH 40307 + +• + +2; +63.0686° N +, +21.5911° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +791 m + +; 5.54°C; 35.03 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2474 +; +IINH 40305 + +• + +20; +63.0722° N +, +21.5917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +842 m + +; 5.54°C; 35.03 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2475 +; +IINH 40292 + +• + +1; +63.925° N +, +28.2889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1407 m + +; 3.71°C; 34.91 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2707 +; +IINH 40212 + +• + +15; +64.575° N +, +24.5222° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +250 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2712 +; +IINH 40210 + +• + +4; +64.575° N +, +24.5472° W +; RP sledge; depth + +273 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2713 +; +IINH 40216 + +• + +2; +64.4361° N +, +26.4056° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 5.56°C; 35.04 ppt; + +7 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2719 +; +IINH 40215 + +• + +5; +64.4389° N +, +26.4056° W +; RP sledge; depth + +304 m + +; 5.56°C; 35.04 ppt; + +7 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2720 +; +IINH 40214 + +• + +2; +62.8394° N +, +18.0117° W +; RP sledge; depth + +976 m + +; 3.26°C; 34.98 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2849 +; +IINH 40221 + +• + +6; +62.0725° N +, +20.5986° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1681 m + +; 2.67°C; 34.96 ppt; + +31 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2864 +; +IINH 40223 + +• + +2; +64.6936° N +, +25.6056° W +; RP sledge; depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2867 +; +IINH 40226 + +• + +8; +64.6928° N +, +25.6061° W +; RP sledge; depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2868 +; +IINH 40218 + +• + +7; +64.6833° N +, +25.6072° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2869 +; +IINH 40217 + +• + +4; +64.6311° N +, +27.2417° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +549 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2872 +; +IINH 40220 + +• + +3; +64.6281° N +, +27.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +554 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2873 +; +IINH 39425 + +• + +2; +64.5767° N +, +27.6106° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +775 m + +; 6.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2876 +; +IINH 40105 + +• + +11; +64.9278° N +, +27.2494° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +367 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2880 +; +IINH 40137 + +• + +1; +65.0417° N +, +27.0694° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +219 m + +; 6.29°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2881 +; +IINH 40227 + +• + +4; +65.1764° N +, +27.0556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +242 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2883 +; +IINH 40225 + +• + +15; +65.1722° N +, +27.0694° W +; RP sledge; depth + +229 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2884 +; +IINH 40222 + +• + +1; +65.1225° N +, +27.525° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +464 m + +; 6.24°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2886 +; +IINH 40138 + +• + +1; +65.1222° N +, +27.5278° W +; RP sledge; depth + +464 m + +; 6.24°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2887 +; +IINH 40219 + +• + +2; +65.3561° N +, +27.4286° W +; RP sledge; depth + +513 m + +; 6.24°C; 35.05 ppt; + +24 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2893 +; +IINH 40224 + +• + +1; +65.0433° N +, +25.8742° W +; RP sledge; depth + +163 m + +; 6.34°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2976 +; +IINH 40346 + +• + +4; +64.9225° N +, +25.7775° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +183 m + +; 6.22°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2978 +; +IINH 40347 + +• + +2; +63.3167° N +, +14.35° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1634 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.97 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3006 +; +IINH 40115 + +• + +11; +62.5306° N +, +19.6639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1682 m + +; 3.3°C; 34.99 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3263 +; +IINH 40230 + +• + +2; +63.0083° N +, +20.5083° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +814 m + +; 5.82°C; 35.1 ppt; + +31 Aug. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3500 +; +IINH 40143 + +• + +3; +63.0067° N +, +20.5069° W +; RP sledge; depth + +829 m + +; 5.82°C; 35.1 ppt; + +31 Aug. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3501 +; +IINH 40161 + +• + +13; +62.0444° N +, +19.6531° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3509 +; +IINH 40145 + +• + +10; +62.2447° N +, +19.4839° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1605 m + +; 2.67°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3510 +; +IINH 40163 + +• + +15; +62.5206° N +, +17.9381° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1528 m + +; 3.57°C; 35.02 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3517 +; +IINH 40147 + +• + +4; +64.1292° N +, +24.1047° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +291 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3549 +; +IINH 40154 + +• + +20; +64.1297° N +, +24.1044° W +; RP sledge; depth + +290 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3550 +; +IINH 40151 + +• + +6; +64.2911° N +, +25.6833° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 7.19°C; 35.16 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3552 +; +IINH 40162 + +• + +30; +64.2872° N +, +25.6994° W +; RP sledge; depth + +304 m + +; 7.19°C; 35.16 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3554 +; +IINH 40152 + +• + +8; +64.2092° N +, +26.2181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +336 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3558 +; +IINH 40146 + +• + +1; +64.2106° N +, +26.2117° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +337 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3559 +; +IINH 40149 + +• + +2; +63.8675° N +, +26.1964° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +230 m + +; 7.55°C; 35.18 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3561 +; +IINH 40142 + +• + +2; +61.8019° N +, +27.0386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +880 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.08 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3591 +; +IINH 40140 + +• + +3; +61.8044° N +, +27.0328° W +; RP sledge; depth + +888 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.08 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3592 +; +IINH 40148 + +• + +3; +62.2953° N +, +25.6311° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +774 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.12 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3597 +; +IINH 40150 + +• + +12; +62.2936° N +, +25.6328° W +; RP sledge; depth + +769 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.12 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3598 +; +IINH 40159 + +• + +2; +62.8328° N +, +25.2522° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +424 m + +; 7.61°C; 35.18 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3603 +; +IINH 40135 + +• + +2; +63.32° N +, +25.2569° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +296 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3604 +; +IINH 40136 + +• + +6; +63.3289° N +, +25.265° W +; RP sledge; depth + +306 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3605 +; +IINH 40133 + +• + +3; +63.7533° N +, +25.7064° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +365 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3607 +; +IINH 40134 + +• + +4; +63.7567° N +, +25.7097° W +; RP sledge; depth + +366 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3608 +; +IINH 40132 + +• + +3; +63.9842° N +, +25.5192° W +; RP sledge; depth + +188 m + +; 7.43°C; 35.17 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3611 +; +IINH 40131 + +• + +8; +64.2564° N +, +26.0536° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +345 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3613 +; +IINH 40130 + +• + +3; +64.2569° N +, +26.0578° W +; RP sledge; depth + +342 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3615 +; +IINH 40129 + +• + +9; +64.6761° N +, +26.4503° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +269 m + +; 6.99°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3616 +; +IINH 40128 + +• + +1; +64.6689° N +, +26.4647° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +274 m + +; 6.99°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3618 +; +IINH 39873 + +. + + + + +Fig. 12. + +Nodosaria subsoluta +Cushman, 1923 + +. +A +. Megalosphere side view (BIOICE 2868, IINH 40218). +B, D +. Microsphere (BIOICE 2219, IINH 40182), side view of specimen containing cytoplasm (B) and aperture (D). +C, E +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2978, IINH 40347), side view (C) and aperture (E) stained with indigo blue. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, slightly curved, sometimes straight, usually moderately nodular, rarely strongly nodular, megalospheres slightly tapering, with round initial end; evenly tapering to a pointed end in microspheres. Length of test usually +3–6 mm +, the largest nearly +10 mm +; test width +0.6–1 mm +. Chambers subglobular, rarely pear-shaped. Chamber arrangement rectilinear, chamber embracement usually moderate; number of chambers +4–8 in +megalospheres, up to +16 in +microspheres. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, central, slightly raised or protruding; radial tines up to 15, symmetrically arranged, usually fused in center ( +Fig. 12D +), sometimes partly fused ( +Fig. 12E +). Initial end with a short spine or thick knob. Secondary surface laminations absent, wall finely perforated and thick. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Twelve microspheres were found among the 499 examined specimens. Diameter of proloculus in megalospheres is 0.6–1.0 mm, and < +0.03 mm +in the microsphere. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E78058600F07BCFB54B1DD2188.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E78058600F07BCFB54B1DD2188.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5210585437a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E78058600F07BCFB54B1DD2188.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1774 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Nodosaria haliensis +Eiland & Guðmundsson, 2004 + + + + + + +Fig. 13 + + + + + + + +Nododaria haliensis +Eiland & Guðmundsson, 2004: 204 + + +, pl. 1 figs q–v, pl. 2 fig. e, pl. 5 fig. a. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +65.3606° N +, +13.6158° W +; RP sledge; depth + +64 m + +; 5.17°C; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2003 +; +IINH 40264 + +• + +2; +65.3558° N +, +13.3342° W +; RP sledge; depth + +177 m + +; 2.8°C; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2004 +; +IINH 40269 + +• + +6; +67.0581° N +, +13.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +931 m + +; -0.56°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2029 +; +IINH 40268 + +• + +19; +66.3647° N +, +13.4856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +310 m + +; 1.3°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2040 +; +IINH 40266 + +• + +6; +65.7792° N +, +13.9722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +229 m + +; 2.6°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2045 +; +IINH 40260 + +• + +15; +65.7025° N +, +12.8833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 1.96°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2047 +; +IINH 40267 + +• + +1; +65.3003° N +, +13.7408° W +; RP sledge; depth + +82 m + +; 4.1°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2053 +; +IINH 40124 + +• + +2; +65.3086° N +, +13.7533° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +83 m + +; 4.1°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2054 +; +IINH 40265 + +• + +2; +66.4583° N +, +16.8906° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +243 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2057 +; +IINH 40263 + +• + +1; +66.0425° N +, +17.5392° W +; RP sledge; depth + +104 m + +; 5.4°C; 34.69 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2062 +; +IINH 40261 + +• + +6; +66.1586° N +, +17.6069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +198 m + +; 3.8°C; 34.85 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2065 +; +IINH 40259 + +• + +1; +66.5708° N +, +17.73° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +485 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2069 +; +IINH 40258 + +• + +80; +66.5711° N +, +17.7425° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2070 +; +IINH 40246 + +• + +11; +67.0342° N +, +17.5717° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +303 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2094 +; +IINH 40262 + +• + +1; +67.7° N +, +19.4397° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2116 +; +IINH 40274 + +• + +13; +67.4756° N +, +19.5386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +405 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2117 +; +IINH 40275 + +• + +9; +67.4897° N +, +19.5528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +393 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2118 +; +IINH 40276 + +• + +21; +67.1189° N +, +19.8775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2119 +; +IINH 40280 + +• + +50; +67.1275° N +, +19.9042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +280 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2121 +; +IINH 40279 + +• + +45; +67.1858° N +, +19.5672° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +346 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2122 +; +IINH 40272 + +• + +24; +67.1839° N +, +19.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +347 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2124 +; +IINH 40277 + +• + +16; +66.7744° N +, +18.7042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +678 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2129 +; +IINH 40278 + +• + +8; +66.7661° N +, +18.7081° W +; RP sledge; depth + +660 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2131 +; +IINH 40281 + +• + +6; +66.7514° N +, +18.925° W +; RP sledge; depth + +492 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.85 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2132 +; +IINH 40282 + +• + +2; +66.7322° N +, +18.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +417 m + +; 0.58°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2136 +; +IINH 40283 + +• + +20; +66.7197° N +, +19.3303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +297 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2137 +; +IINH 40284 + +• + +6; +66.7128° N +, +19.3186° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2139 +; +IINH 40285 + +• + +2; +66.7228° N +, +19.5883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +207 m + +; 4.71°C; 34.95 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2142 +; +IINH 40286 + +• + +30; +66.8586° N +, +20.1614° W +; RP sledge; depth + +399 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2143 +; +IINH 40287 + +• + +15; +66.8581° N +, +20.1603° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +398 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2145 +; +IINH 40288 + +• + +6; +66.8531° N +, +20.1731° W +; RP sledge; depth + +398 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2146 +; +IINH 40289 + +• + +8; +66.7592° N +, +20.0878° W +; RP sledge; depth + +293 m + +; 3°C; 34.86 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2149 +; +IINH 40273 + +• + +16; +66.4369° N +, +18.8214° W +; RP sledge; depth + +437 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2172 +; +IINH 40290 + +• + +30; +66.4436° N +, +18.8192° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +425 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2174 +; +IINH 40291 + +• + +30; +64.2833° N +, +10.8167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +391 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2360 +; +IINH 40294 + +• + +2; +64.4833° N +, +10.4333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +495 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2362 +; +IINH 40297 + +• + +1; +64.9167° N +, +11.6333° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +305 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2375 +; +IINH 40295 + +• + +3; +64.3167° N +, +12.4833° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +310 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2379 +; +IINH 40296 + +• + +1; +66.9131° N +, +24.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +252 m + +; 5.68°C; 34.98 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2522 +; +IINH 40310 + +• + +5; +66.6094° N +, +23.9836° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +226 m + +; 5.61°C; 35.01 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2526 +; +IINH 40311 + +• + +6; +66.2506° N +, +23.2947° W +; RP sledge; depth + +115 m + +; 5.52°C; 34.88 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2540 +; +IINH 40313 + +• + +2; +66.1344° N +, +23.02° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +103 m + +; 5.7°C; 34.78 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2542 +; +IINH 40312 + +• + +3; +66.0803° N +, +22.9503° W +; RP sledge; depth + +67 m + +; 6.25°C; 34.62 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2545 +; +IINH 40320 + +• + +2; +66.0853° N +, +22.9567° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +71 m + +; 6.25°C; 34.62 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2546 +; +IINH 40314 + +• + +16; +66.2728° N +, +22.9525° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +77 m + +; 4.83°C; 34.6 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2551 +; +IINH 40315 + +• + +1; +66.2694° N +, +22.6778° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +84 m + +; 4.65°C; 34.61 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2553 +; +IINH 40316 + +• + +1; +66.3814° N +, +23.1353° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +30 m + +; 7.23°C; 34.34 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2558 +; +IINH 40317 + +• + +18; +67.4214° N +, +22.4072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2585 +; +IINH 40318 + +• + +22; +67.3406° N +, +22.5425° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +356 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2588 +; +IINH 40319 + +• + +8; +67.3381° N +, +22.5525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +355 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2589 +; +IINH 40322 + +• + +13; +67.2147° N +, +22.4294° W +; RP sledge; depth + +333 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2591 +; +IINH 40323 + +• + +7; +67.0028° N +, +22.5714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +203 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2595 +; +IINH 40324 + +• + +1; +66.6539° N +, +20.9364° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +335 m + +; 1.49°C; 34.76 ppt; + +17 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2601 +; +IINH 40325 + +• + +24; +66.9417° N +, +17.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +433 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2603 +; +IINH 40326 + +• + +8; +66.9344° N +, +17.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +435 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2606 +; +IINH 42235 + +• + +40; +67.4286° N +, +16.1703° W +; RP sledge; depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2627 +; +IINH 40332 + +• + +1; +67.3364° N +, +16.1194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +602 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2629 +; +IINH 40333 + +• + +3; +68.0858° N +, +15.3181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1306 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2648 +; +IINH 40327 + +• + +1; +67.6103° N +, +15.1283° W +; RP sledge; depth + +910 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2652 +; +IINH 40334 + +• + +2; +67.2447° N +, +15.4783° W +; RP sledge; depth + +277 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2660 +; +IINH 40328 + +• + +5; +67.2258° N +, +16.1578° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +350 m + +; -0.03°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2662 +; +IINH 40335 + +• + +7; +67.0561° N +, +16.2747° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2664 +; +IINH 40329 + +• + +18; +67.0575° N +, +16.2675° W +; RP sledge; depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2666 +; +IINH 40336 + +• + +1; +66.2558° N +, +17.3339° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +178 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2681 +; +IINH 40330 + +• + +1; +66.2594° N +, +17.3356° W +; RP sledge; depth + +181 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2682 +; +IINH 40331 + +• + +9; +67.0908° N +, +20.1411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; -0.01°C; 34.86 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2736 +; +IINH 40339 + +• + +7; +67.3208° N +, +19.7114° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +352 m + +; -0.38°C; 34.88 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2737 +; +IINH 40337 + +• + +5; +67.6439° N +, +20.2722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +503 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2740 +; +IINH 40340 + +• + +8; +67.6583° N +, +20.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +514 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2741 +; +IINH 40341 + +• + +3; +68.345° N +, +15.7858° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1413 m + +; -0.74°C; 34.89 ppt; + +4 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2779 +; +IINH 40338 + +• + +3; +67.2547° N +, +18.8669° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +480 m + +; 0.01°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2792 +; +IINH 40342 + +• + +30; +65.1333° N +, +23.6° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +121 m + +; 7.97°C; 34.93 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2965 +; +IINH 40345 + +• + +50; +65.1336° N +, +23.6047° W +; RP sledge; depth + +120 m + +; 7.97°C; 34.93 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2966 +; +IINH 40343 + +• + +6; +65.1219° N +, +23.4872° W +; RP sledge; depth + +143 m + +; 8.04°C; 34.91 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2969 +; +IINH 40344 + +• + +4; +64.4225° N +, +13.3558° W +; RP sledge; depth + +139 m + +; 7.22°C; 35.09 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3033 +; +IINH 40350 + +• + +1; +64.3531° N +, +14.705° W +; RP sledge; depth + +18 m + +; 4.74°C; 33.98 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3058 +; +IINH 40352 + +• + +1; +67.1442° N +, +22.7658° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +290 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.87 ppt; + +20 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3094 +; +IINH 40349 + +• + +1; +67.1839° N +, +21.7689° W +; RP sledge; depth + +230 m + +; 1.3°C; 34.87 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3099 +; +IINH 40351 + +• + +25; +67.3264° N +, +21.1819° W +; RP sledge; depth + +314 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.86 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3104 +; +IINH 40355 + +• + +2; +67.3186° N +, +20.7789° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +330 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3107 +; +IINH 40353 + +• + +12; +67.3219° N +, +20.7528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +328 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3108 +; +IINH 40354 + +• + +3; +67.5253° N +, +20.1039° W +; RP sledge; depth + +439 m + +; -0.51°C; 34.89 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3110 +; +IINH 40356 + +• + +15; +65.7436° N +, +12.2692° W +; RP sledge; depth + +232 m + +; 1.48°C; 34.86 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3253 +; +IINH 40357 + +• + +2; +67.6561° N +, +20.0778° W +; RP sledge; depth + +493 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3663 +; +IINH 40359 + +• + +2; +66.3425° N +, +23.5217° W +; RP sledge; depth + +158 m + +; 6.66°C; 35.06 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3669 +; +IINH 40358 + +. + + + + +Fig. 13. + +Nodosaria haliensis +Eiland & Gudmundsson, 2004 + +. +A +. Microsphere side view (BIOICE 2526, IINH 40311). +B, E +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2118, IINH 40276), side view (B) and aperture (E) stained with indigo blue. +C, D +. Megalosphere (holotype, BIOICE 2588, IINH 40319), side view (C) and aperture (D) stained with indigo blue. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, nearly straight to slightly curved, slightly nodular; barely tapering in megalospheres and initial end rounded; microspheres distinctly curved, sometimes moderately nodular, and tapering to a pointed end. Length of test +2–3 mm +, the largest is +4.2 mm +; test width +0.4– 0.6 mm +. Chambers subglobular, rectilinearly arranged, moderately embracing. Number of chambers +5–8 in +megalospheres; up to +17 in +microspheres. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, central; up to 11 radial tines, symmetrically arranged, fused in center. Initial chamber with a basal knob or short spine. Secondary surface laminations limited to the upper half of preceding chamber. Wall finely perforated and thick. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Resembles + +N.subsoluta + +but differs in being less nodular and in having short secondary surface laminations that cover only the upper most parts of preceding chambers. The edges of the laminations are clearly visible in stereo microscope as faint irregular lines. Available material comprised +923 specimens +, of which 21 were microspheres. Diameter of proloculus in megalospheres is +0.3–0.6 mm +, and < +0.02 mm +in microspheres. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7805C6012046AFD96B43D240F.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805C6012046AFD96B43D240F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fc0a9877b1a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7805C6012046AFD96B43D240F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1725 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Nodosaria incerta +Neugeboren, 1856 + + + + + + +Fig. 14 + + + + + + + +Nodosaria incerta +Neugeboren, 1856: 72 + + +, pl. 1 figs 10–11. + + + + + +Pseudonodosaria incerta + +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 204–206 + +, pl. 1 fig. g, pl. 3 fig. d. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +65.3558° N +, +13.3342° W +; RP sledge; depth + +177 m + +; 2.8°C; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2004 +; +IINH 40404 + +• + +1; +65.5836° N +, +11.2881° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.42°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2011 +; +IINH 39920 + +• + +1; +66.5394° N +, +13.2833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +317 m + +; 1.41°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2024 +; +IINH 39924 + +• + +1; +67.0214° N +, +13.5356° W +; RP sledge; depth + +781 m + +; -0.54°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2025 +; +IINH 39923 + +• + +5; +67.0581° N +, +13.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +931 m + +; -0.56°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2029 +; +IINH 39922 + +• + +1; +67.0081° N +, +13.4403° W +; RP sledge; depth + +831 m + +; -0.55°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2030 +; +IINH 39925 + +• + +1; +66.9225° N +, +13.5181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +552 m + +; -0.54°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2033 +; +IINH 39926 + +• + +6; +66.3647° N +, +13.4856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +310 m + +; 1.3°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2040 +; +IINH 39927 + +• + +5; +65.7792° N +, +13.9722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +229 m + +; 2.6°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2045 +; +IINH 39928 + +• + +5; +65.7025° N +, +12.8833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 1.96°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2047 +; +IINH 39929 + +• + +2; +65.6531° N +, +12.3583° W +; RP sledge; depth + +247 m + +; 1.2°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2049 +; +IINH 39701 + +• + +1; +66.5711° N +, +17.7425° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2070 +; +IINH 39921 + +• + +1; +67.6808° N +, +17.1772° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1048 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2077 +; +IINH 39931 + +• + +1; +67.0194° N +, +17.585° W +; RP sledge; depth + +300 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2096 +; +IINH 39932 + +• + +120; +67.7292° N +, +19.4722° W +; RP sledge; depth + +603 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2113 +; +IINH 39964 + +• + +2; +67.7047° N +, +19.4669° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2114 +; +IINH 39963 + +• + +1; +67.7° N +, +19.4397° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2116 +; +IINH 39967 + +• + +2; +67.4756° N +, +19.5386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +405 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2117 +; +IINH 39971 + +• + +1; +67.4897° N +, +19.5528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +393 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2118 +; +IINH 39970 + +• + +4; +67.1189° N +, +19.8775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2119 +; +IINH 39972 + +• + +4; +67.1275° N +, +19.9042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +280 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2121 +; +IINH 39966 + +• + +4; +67.1858° N +, +19.5672° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +346 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2122 +; +IINH 39975 + +• + +1; +67.1839° N +, +19.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +347 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2124 +; +IINH 39976 + +• + +22; +66.7744° N +, +18.7042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +678 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2129 +; +IINH 39965 + +• + +2; +66.7661° N +, +18.7081° W +; RP sledge; depth + +660 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2131 +; +IINH 39978 + +• + +1; +66.7514° N +, +18.925° W +; RP sledge; depth + +492 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.85 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2132 +; +IINH 39980 + +• + +2; +66.7322° N +, +18.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +417 m + +; 0.58°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2136 +; +IINH 39968 + +• + +4; +66.7197° N +, +19.3303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +297 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2137 +; +IINH 39973 + +• + +6; +66.7228° N +, +19.5883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +207 m + +; 4.71°C; 34.95 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2142 +; +IINH 39969 + +• + +5; +66.8586° N +, +20.1614° W +; RP sledge; depth + +399 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2143 +; +IINH 39979 + +• + +1; +66.8581° N +, +20.1603° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +398 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2145 +; +IINH 39981 + +• + +3; +66.7592° N +, +20.0878° W +; RP sledge; depth + +293 m + +; 3°C; 34.86 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2149 +; +IINH 39982 + +• + +26; +66.4369° N +, +18.8214° W +; RP sledge; depth + +437 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2172 +; +IINH 39983 + +• + +2; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 40044 + +• + +1; +63.2503° N +, +26.4872° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1209 m + +; 4.09°C; 34.94 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2257 +; +IINH 40043 + +• + +11; +64.1° N +, +9.05° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +991 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2315 +; +IINH 40045 + +• + +5; +64.0333° N +, +9.6167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +772 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2318 +; +IINH 40049 + +• + +1; +64.0167° N +, +9.6167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +776 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2319 +; +IINH 40046 + +• + +2; +64.5833° N +, +10.05° W +; RP sledge; depth + +605 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +8 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2364 +; +IINH 40048 + +• + +2; +64.75° N +, +10.5167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +449 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +8 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2371 +; +IINH 40050 + +• + +1; +64.3333° N +, +12.45° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +403 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2380 +; +IINH 40051 + +• + +6; +66.0803° N +, +22.9503° W +; RP sledge; depth + +67 m + +; 6.25°C; 34.62 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2545 +; +IINH 40052 + +• + +1; +66.2728° N +, +22.9525° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +77 m + +; 4.83°C; 34.6 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2551 +; +IINH 40053 + +• + +8; +67.1014° N +, +24.0992° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2572 +; +IINH 39974 + +• + +1; +67.1097° N +, +24.085° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2573 +; +IINH 40054 + +• + +3; +67.4214° N +, +22.4072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2585 +; +IINH 40055 + +• + +1; +67.3406° N +, +22.5425° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +356 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2588 +; +IINH 40056 + +• + +1; +67.3381° N +, +22.5525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +355 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2589 +; +IINH 40057 + +• + +1; +66.9417° N +, +17.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +433 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2603 +; +IINH 40058 + +• + +3; +66.9344° N +, +17.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +435 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2606 +; +IINH 40064 + +• + +1; +67.1894° N +, +16.8589° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +528 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2615 +; +IINH 40065 + +• + +1; +67.1939° N +, +16.8444° W +; RP sledge; depth + +535 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2616 +; +IINH 40060 + +• + +6; +67.2761° N +, +16.6592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +597 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2618 +; +IINH 40059 + +• + +1; +67.2906° N +, +16.6381° W +; RP sledge; depth + +600 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2619 +; +IINH 40061 + +• + +1; +67.4331° N +, +16.1753° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2626 +; +IINH 40066 + +• + +1; +67.3364° N +, +16.1194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +602 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2629 +; +IINH 40067 + +• + +1; +67.3894° N +, +15.9775° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +699 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2631 +; +IINH 40068 + +• + +1; +67.5044° N +, +15.8069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +795 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2634 +; +IINH 40062 + +• + +1; +68.0922° N +, +15.3258° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1304 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2647 +; +IINH 40069 + +• + +1; +68.0858° N +, +15.3181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1306 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2648 +; +IINH 40063 + +• + +9; +67.3° N +, +14.9581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +549 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2655 +; +IINH 40070 + +• + +1; +67.0561° N +, +16.2747° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2664 +; +IINH 40071 + +• + +2; +67.0528° N +, +16.2847° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +384 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2665 +; +IINH 40072 + +• + +2; +67.0575° N +, +16.2675° W +; RP sledge; depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2666 +; +IINH 40073 + +• + +1; +66.2558° N +, +17.3339° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +178 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2681 +; +IINH 40074 + +• + +1; +66.2594° N +, +17.3356° W +; RP sledge; depth + +181 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2682 +; +IINH 40075 + +• + +6; +67.0908° N +, +20.1411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; -0.01°C; 34.86 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2736 +; +IINH 40080 + +• + +4; +67.6439° N +, +20.2722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +503 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2740 +; +IINH 40081 + +• + +3; +67.6583° N +, +20.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +514 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2741 +; +IINH 40078 + +• + +1; +68.5883° N +, +16.9397° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +519 m + +; -0.37°C; 34.86 ppt; + +2 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2769 +; +IINH 40076 + +• + +6; +67.4156° N +, +18.2417° W +; RP sledge; depth + +693 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.88 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2786 +; +IINH 40077 + +• + +1; +67.36° N +, +18.3344° W +; RP sledge; depth + +561 m + +; -0.29°C; 34.87 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2787 +; +IINH 40079 + +• + +1; +62.4889° N +, +14.5094° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1602 m + +; 3.24°C; 34.94 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3069 +; +IINH 40090 + +• + +5; +67.3264° N +, +21.1819° W +; RP sledge; depth + +314 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.86 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3104 +; +IINH 40084 + +• + +1; +67.3186° N +, +20.7789° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +330 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3107 +; +IINH 40086 + +• + +1; +67.3219° N +, +20.7528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +328 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3108 +; +IINH 40085 + +• + +4; +67.875° N +, +22.2581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3140 +; +IINH 40082 + +• + +3; +62.1511° N +, +27.0206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1327 m + +; 3.99°C; 34.96 ppt; + +1 Aug. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3187 +; +IINH 40083 + +• + +4; +65.5139° N +, +8.525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +935 m + +; -0.63°C; 34.9 ppt; + +8 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3198 +; +IINH 40087 + +• + +1; +68.59° N +, +8.2514° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1997 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +12 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3226 +; +IINH 40092 + +• + +1; +65.8428° N +, +12.0242° W +; RP sledge; depth + +192 m + +; 1.92°C; 34.87 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3249 +; +IINH 40091 + +• + +3; +66.5283° N +, +20.9525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +200 m + +; 1.98°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3668 +; +IINH 40089 + +. + + + + +Fig. 14. + +Nodosaria incerta +Neugeboren, 1856 + +. +A, C +. Microsphere (BIOICE 2664, IINH 40071), side view (A), showing initial spiral end, and aperture (C). +B, D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3108, IINH 40085), side view (B) and aperture (D). Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, straight, barely to moderately nodular and slightly tapering; initial end rounded. Length of test +0.7–1.5 mm +, the largest +2.2 mm +; test width +0.4–0.5 mm +. Chambers subglobular to cylindrical. Chamber arrangement rectilinear, embracement moderate to minimal; number of chambers +4–6 in +microsphere, up to +12 in +microsphere. Initial 3–5 chambers in microsphere are wound in about half of an evolutive planispiral ( +Fig. 14A +). Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, central and slightly raised; radial tines up to 12, symmetrically arranged and fused in the center. Wall smooth, finely perforated of medium thickness. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Available material of this species comprised +371 specimens +, of which 9 were microspheres. Diameter of proloculus in megalospheres is +0.15–0.30 mm +, and < +0.05 mm +in microspheres. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E78063603607BDF9FEB32522DF.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E78063603607BDF9FEB32522DF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9c81717cd47 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E78063603607BDF9FEB32522DF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,3534 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina frobisherensis +Loeblich & Tappan, 1953 + + + + + + +Fig. 5 + + + + + + + +Dentalina frobisherensis +Loeblich & Tappan, 1953: 55 + + +, pl. 10 figs 1–9. + + + + +Laevidentalina frobisherensis +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004 +(part): 200, 202, pl. 1 fig. c, pl. 4 figs a–e, pl. 5 figs c, e (only). + + +non + +Nodosaria communis +(d’Orbigny, 1840) + +– +Goës 1894 +(part): 67–68, pl. 12 figs 668–670 (only). + + +non + +Nodosaria pauperata +( +d’Orbigny, 1846 +) + +– +Goës 1894 +(part): 68–69, pl. 12 figs 672, 674–676 (only). — +Cushman 1923: 72 +, pl. 14 fig. 13. non + +Nodosaria mucronata +( +Neugeboren, 1856 +) + +– +Cushman 1923 +(part): 80. pl. 12 figs 5–7, pl. 13 figs 7–8 (only). + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +BARENTS SEA • 12; +82.3522° N +, +25.3186°E +; epibenthic dredge; depth + +3920 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +16 Jul. 1980 + +; Ymer 80 +MB8 +; +IINH 21157 + +• + +42; +81.8347° N +, +26.5692°E +; epibenthic dredge; depth + +3270 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jul. 1980 + +; Ymer 80 +MB9 +; +IINH 21153 + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +65.3558° N +, +13.3342° W +; RP sledge; depth + +177 m + +; 2.8°C; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2004 +; +IINH 39509 + +• + +1; +65.5836° N +, +11.2881° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.42°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2011 +; +IINH 39429 + +• + +3; +65.6953° N +, +11.0106° W +; RP sledge; depth + +978 m + +; -0.41°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2014 +; +IINH 39428 + +• + +1; +66.5089° N +, +11.2278° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1395 m + +; -0.82°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2017 +; +IINH 39430 + +• + +11; +66.5769° N +, +11.2303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1390 m + +; -0.82°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2018 +; +IINH 39431 + +• + +6; +66.6278° N +, +12.1542° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1314 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2020 +; +IINH 39432 + +• + +1; +67.2061° N +, +13.3494° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1648 m + +; -0.76°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2027 +; +IINH 39607 + +• + +1; +67.0581° N +, +13.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +931 m + +; -0.56°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2029 +; +IINH 39608 + +• + +8; +66.9225° N +, +13.5181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +552 m + +; -0.54°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2033 +; +IINH 39609 + +• + +6; +66.3647° N +, +13.4856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +310 m + +; 1.3°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2040 +; +IINH 39610 + +• + +4; +65.7792° N +, +13.9722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +229 m + +; 2.6°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2045 +; +IINH 39611 + +• + +1; +65.7025° N +, +12.8833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 1.96°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2047 +; +IINH 39612 + +• + +1; +65.6531° N +, +12.3583° W +; RP sledge; depth + +247 m + +; 1.2°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2049 +; +IINH 39613 + +• + +5; +66.1586° N +, +17.6069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +198 m + +; 3.8°C; 34.85 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2065 +; +IINH 39433 + +• + +1; +66.5708° N +, +17.73° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +485 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2069 +; +IINH 39434 + +• + +9; +66.5711° N +, +17.7425° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2070 +; +IINH 39435 + +• + +5; +67.2014° N +, +17.5344° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +563 m + +; -0.42°C; 34.7 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2075 +; +IINH 39614 + +• + +4; +67.6808° N +, +17.1772° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1048 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2077 +; +IINH 39615 + +• + +3; +67.6719° N +, +17.2008° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1046 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2079 +; +IINH 39616 + +• + +6; +67.375° N +, +17.3847° W +; RP sledge; depth + +893 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.84 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2081 +; +IINH 39436 + +• + +7; +67.3675° N +, +17.4092° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +894 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.84 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2082 +; +IINH 39438 + +• + +13; +67.2614° N +, +17.455° W +; RP sledge; depth + +735 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.86 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2087 +; +IINH 39437 + +• + +1; +67.2422° N +, +17.8614° W +; RP sledge; depth + +617 m + +; -0.44°C; 34.87 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2088 +; +IINH 39439 + +• + +3; +67.1939° N +, +17.7789° W +; RP sledge; depth + +405 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.86 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2091 +; +IINH 39440 + +• + +3; +67.2069° N +, +17.7583° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +407 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.86 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2093 +; +IINH 39442 + +• + +1; +67.0342° N +, +17.5717° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +303 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2094 +; +IINH 39443 + +• + +1; +67.0194° N +, +17.585° W +; RP sledge; depth + +300 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2096 +; +IINH 39441 + +• + +1; +67.8372° N +, +19.5581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +905 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2107 +; +IINH 39444 + +• + +1; +67.7644° N +, +19.4839° W +; RP sledge; depth + +749 m + +; -0.53°C; 34.86 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2108 +; +IINH 39447 + +• + +3; +67.7253° N +, +19.5083° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +588 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2111 +; +IINH 39445 + +• + +2; +67.7292° N +, +19.4722° W +; RP sledge; depth + +603 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2113 +; +IINH 39448 + +• + +35; +67.7047° N +, +19.4669° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2114 +; +IINH 39449 + +• + +14; +67.7° N +, +19.4397° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2116 +; +IINH 39450 + +• + +32; +67.4756° N +, +19.5386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +405 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2117 +; +IINH 39451 + +• + +6; +67.1189° N +, +19.8775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2119 +; +IINH 39453 + +• + +12; +67.1275° N +, +19.9042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +280 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2121 +; +IINH 39459 + +• + +27; +67.1858° N +, +19.5672° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +346 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2122 +; +IINH 39454 + +• + +35; +67.1839° N +, +19.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +347 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2124 +; +IINH 39452 + +• + +25; +66.7744° N +, +18.7042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +678 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2129 +; +IINH 39622 + +• + +3; +66.7661° N +, +18.7081° W +; RP sledge; depth + +660 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2131 +; +IINH 39623 + +• + +35; +66.7514° N +, +18.925° W +; RP sledge; depth + +492 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.85 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2132 +; +IINH 39624 + +• + +16; +66.7197° N +, +19.3303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +297 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2137 +; +IINH 39455 + +• + +3; +66.7128° N +, +19.3186° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2139 +; +IINH 39625 + +• + +18; +66.8586° N +, +20.1614° W +; RP sledge; depth + +399 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2143 +; +IINH 39456 + +• + +3; +66.8581° N +, +20.1603° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +398 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2145 +; +IINH 39457 + +• + +9; +66.7592° N +, +20.0878° W +; RP sledge; depth + +293 m + +; 3°C; 34.86 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2149 +; +IINH 39458 + +• + +7; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 39460 + +• + +7; +64.1° N +, +9.05° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +991 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2315 +; +IINH 39461 + +• + +2; +64.0333° N +, +9.6167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +772 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2318 +; +IINH 39626 + +• + +4; +64.0167° N +, +9.6167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +776 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2319 +; +IINH 39627 + +• + +10; +63.9333° N +, +10° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +639 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2321 +; +IINH 39462 + +• + +5; +63.75° N +, +10.1833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +555 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2325 +; +IINH 39463 + +• + +1; +63.35° N +, +10.85° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +430 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2327 +; +IINH 39464 + +• + +1; +63.0833° N +, +11.35° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +453 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2329 +; +IINH 39465 + +• + +8; +63.0833° N +, +11.3333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +453 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2330 +; +IINH 39466 + +• + +3; +62.7167° N +, +12.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +803 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2334 +; +IINH 39467 + +• + +2; +62.4667° N +, +12.9° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1105 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2335 +; +IINH 39468 + +• + +1; +62.45° N +, +12.8833° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1090 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2336 +; +IINH 39469 + +• + +1; +62.1333° N +, +13.3333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1302 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2340 +; +IINH 39470 + +• + +1; +63.7833° N +, +11.85° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +355 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +6 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2351 +; +IINH 39628 + +• + +8; +64.2833° N +, +10.8167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +391 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2360 +; +IINH 39471 + +• + +3; +64.45° N +, +10.45° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +498 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2361 +; +IINH 39472 + +• + +5; +64.4833° N +, +10.4333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +495 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2362 +; +IINH 39473 + +• + +1; +64.6333° N +, +9.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +719 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +8 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2367 +; +IINH 39474 + +• + +2; +64.6667° N +, +9.5667° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +920 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +8 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2369 +; +IINH 39475 + +• + +2; +64.75° N +, +10.5167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +449 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +8 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2371 +; +IINH 39476 + +• + +6; +64.8667° N +, +11.4333° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +476 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +9 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2372 +; +IINH 39477 + +• + +1; +64.9167° N +, +11.6333° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +305 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2375 +; +IINH 39478 + +• + +2; +64.3333° N +, +12.45° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +403 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2380 +; +IINH 39479 + +• + +1; +63.1417° N +, +19.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1016 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2430 +; +IINH 39631 + +• + +1; +63.0689° N +, +19.8592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1207 m + +; 4.45°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2431 +; +IINH 39630 + +• + +1; +66.2728° N +, +22.9525° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +77 m + +; 4.83°C; 34.6 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2551 +; +IINH 39480 + +• + +1; +67.0522° N +, +23.9881° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +370 m + +; -0.15°C; 34.85 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2570 +; +IINH 39481 + +• + +16; +67.1014° N +, +24.0992° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2572 +; +IINH 39482 + +• + +11; +67.1097° N +, +24.085° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2573 +; +IINH 39483 + +• + +3; +67.4214° N +, +22.4072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2585 +; +IINH 39484 + +• + +2; +67.4181° N +, +22.4347° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2586 +; +IINH 39485 + +• + +16; +67.3406° N +, +22.5425° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +356 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2588 +; +IINH 39486 + +• + +2; +67.3381° N +, +22.5525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +355 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2589 +; +IINH 39639 + +• + +3; +67.2147° N +, +22.4294° W +; RP sledge; depth + +333 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2591 +; +IINH 39640 + +• + +1; +67.0028° N +, +22.5714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +203 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2595 +; +IINH 39641 + +• + +4; +66.6539° N +, +20.9364° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +335 m + +; 1.49°C; 34.76 ppt; + +17 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2601 +; +IINH 39642 + +• + +17; +66.9417° N +, +17.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +433 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2603 +; +IINH 39487 + +• + +21; +66.9344° N +, +17.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +435 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2606 +; +IINH 39488 + +• + +3; +67.1375° N +, +17.0306° W +; RP sledge; depth + +362 m + +; -0.36°C; 34.89 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2613 +; +IINH 39649 + +• + +2; +67.1894° N +, +16.8589° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +528 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2615 +; +IINH 39489 + +• + +6; +67.2761° N +, +16.6592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +597 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2618 +; +IINH 39650 + +• + +2; +67.2906° N +, +16.6381° W +; RP sledge; depth + +600 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2619 +; +IINH 39651 + +• + +3; +67.5758° N +, +16.5406° W +; RP sledge; depth + +894 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2622 +; +IINH 39652 + +• + +3; +67.4331° N +, +16.1753° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2626 +; +IINH 39490 + +• + +19; +67.4286° N +, +16.1703° W +; RP sledge; depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2627 +; +IINH 39491 + +• + +4; +67.3364° N +, +16.1194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +602 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2629 +; +IINH 39492 + +• + +4; +67.3894° N +, +15.9775° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +699 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2631 +; +IINH 39493 + +• + +3; +67.5044° N +, +15.8069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +795 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2634 +; +IINH 39648 + +• + +2; +67.9364° N +, +15.3725° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1097 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2640 +; +IINH 39643 + +• + +3; +67.9419° N +, +15.3581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1098 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2642 +; +IINH 39647 + +• + +5; +68.0208° N +, +15.2519° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1202 m + +; -0.64°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2644 +; +IINH 39494 + +• + +5; +68.0922° N +, +15.3258° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1304 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2647 +; +IINH 39495 + +• + +8; +68.0858° N +, +15.3181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1306 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2648 +; +IINH 39496 + +• + +6; +67.6103° N +, +15.1283° W +; RP sledge; depth + +910 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2652 +; +IINH 39646 + +• + +18; +67.3° N +, +14.9581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +549 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2655 +; +IINH 39497 + +• + +1; +67.2389° N +, +15.4706° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +262 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2659 +; +IINH 39498 + +• + +4; +67.2447°N +, +15.4783° W +; RP sledge; depth + +277 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2660 +; +IINH 39499 + +• + +5; +67.2258° N +, +16.1578° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +350 m + +; -0.03°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2662 +; +IINH 39645 + +• + +12; +67.0561° N +, +16.2747° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2664 +; +IINH 39500 + +• + +2; +67.0575° N +, +16.2675° W +; RP sledge; depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2666 +; +IINH 39501 + +• + +1; +66.8389° N +, +16.2706° W +; RP sledge; depth + +227 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.89 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2673 +; +IINH 39644 + +• + +2; +66.2558° N +, +17.3339° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +178 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2681 +; +IINH 39503 + +• + +3; +66.2594° N +, +17.3356° W +; RP sledge; depth + +181 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2682 +; +IINH 39504 + +• + +12; +67.0908° N +, +20.1411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; -0.01°C; 34.86 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2736 +; +IINH 39745 + +• + +5; +67.3208° N +, +19.7114° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +352 m + +; -0.38°C; 34.88 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2737 +; +IINH 39743 + +• + +2; +67.6439° N +, +20.2722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +503 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2740 +; +IINH 39741 + +• + +8; +67.6583° N +, +20.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +514 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2741 +; +IINH 39739 + +• + +1; +68.0203° N +, +20.6578° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +970 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.89 ppt; + +31 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2749 +; +IINH 39738 + +• + +2; +67.9206° N +, +18.3222° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +610 m + +; -0.39°C; 34.88 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2756 +; +IINH 39736 + +• + +5; +67.93° N +, +17.7072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1130 m + +; -0.53°C; 34.89 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2762 +; +IINH 39734 + +• + +4; +69.2614° N +, +14.2172° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1633 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2772 +; +IINH 39735 + +• + +9; +69.2581° N +, +14.2811° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1629 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2773 +; +IINH 39737 + +• + +6; +68.6222° N +, +14.6861° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1556 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2777 +; +IINH 39740 + +• + +15; +68.345° N +, +15.7858° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1413 m + +; -0.74°C; 34.89 ppt; + +4 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2779 +; +IINH 39733 + +• + +14; +67.4156° N +, +18.2417° W +; RP sledge; depth + +693 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.88 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2786 +; +IINH 39744 + +• + +2; +67.36° N +, +18.3344° W +; RP sledge; depth + +561 m + +; -0.29°C; 34.87 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2787 +; +IINH 39742 + +• + +1; +63.4167° N +, +16.8458° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +277 m + +; 7.21°C; 35.15 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2829 +; +IINH 39746 + +• + +1; +62.3472° N +, +16.9917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2074 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.96 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2856 +; +IINH 39505 + +• + +3; +61.7286° N +, +16.9633° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2295 m + +; 2.6°C; 34.96 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2860 +; +IINH 39506 + +• + +1; +61.1717° N +, +18.0492° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2400 m + +; 2.07°C; 34.95 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2863 +; +IINH 39507 + +• + +5; +67.1442° N +, +22.7658° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +290 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.87 ppt; + +20 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3094 +; +IINH 39760 + +• + +2; +67.1839° N +, +21.7689° W +; RP sledge; depth + +230 m + +; 1.3°C; 34.87 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3099 +; +IINH 39761 + +• + +12; +67.3264° N +, +21.1819° W +; RP sledge; depth + +314 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.86 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3104 +; +IINH 39775 + +• + +3; +67.3219° N +, +20.7528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +328 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3108 +; +IINH 39774 + +• + +3; +67.5253° N +, +20.1039° W +; RP sledge; depth + +439 m + +; -0.51°C; 34.89 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3110 +; +IINH 39773 + +• + +2; +67.705° N +, +19.7986° W +; RP sledge; depth + +611 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.89 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3115 +; +IINH 39772 + +• + +2; +68.0736° N +, +18.1103° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +748 m + +; -0.28°C; 34.88 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3121 +; +IINH 39771 + +• + +11; +68.1561° N +, +17.9856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +875 m + +; -0.48°C; 34.89 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3124 +; +IINH 39770 + +• + +2; +68.7325° N +, +16.5853° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1715 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3127 +; +IINH 39769 + +• + +1; +68.2575° N +, +20.0189° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1112 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +24 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3136 +; +IINH 39768 + +• + +1; +67.875° N +, +22.2581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3140 +; +IINH 40093 + +• + +1; +66.6647° N +, +27.7208° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +345 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.8 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3151 +; +IINH 39767 + +• + +1; +60.9264° N +, +22.7897° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1898 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3166 +; +IINH 39766 + +• + +1; +60.9244° N +, +22.7906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1897 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3167 +; +IINH 39765 + +• + +1; +61.2403° N +, +27.9272° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +1005 m + +; 4.6°C; 34.97 ppt; + +31 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3183 +; +IINH 39764 + +• + +8; +65.6508° N +, +9.1203° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +818 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.9 ppt; + +7 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3194 +; +IINH 39763 + +• + +6; +65.5139° N +, +8.525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +935 m + +; -0.63°C; 34.9 ppt; + +8 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3198 +; +IINH 39762 + +• + +17; +64.8508° N +, +7.8686° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +2612 m + +; -0.83°C; 34.91 ppt; + +8 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3203 +; +IINH 39779 + +• + +2; +65.7425° N +, +7.0264° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2002 m + +; -0.87°C; 34.91 ppt; + +9 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3208 +; +IINH 39777 + +• + +9; +66.235° N +, +6.8714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2544 m + +; -0.87°C; 34.91 ppt; + +9 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3210 +; +IINH 39778 + +• + +22; +67.1072° N +, +7.4533° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2014 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3216 +; +IINH 39780 + +• + +55; +67.2553° N +, +8.4683° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1642 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3219 +; +IINH 39782 + +• + +3; +67.9047° N +, +8.1094° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1525 m + +; -0.83°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3222 +; +IINH 39776 + +• + +1; +68.5794° N +, +8.2653° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1993 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +12 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3225 +; +IINH 39781 + +• + +1; +62.6478° N +, +14.2531° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1596 m + +; 2.64°C; 34.99 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3535 +; +IINH 39783 + +• + +1; +63.3803° N +, +29.9236° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2359 m + +; 3.06°C; 34.92 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3573 +; +IINH 39784 + +• + +9; +66.4942° N +, +9.7556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1475 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3621 +; +IINH 39803 + +• + +5; +66.9967° N +, +8.8203° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1628 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3624 +; +IINH 39801 + +• + +1; +66.9842° N +, +8.8017° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1630 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3625 +; +IINH 39804 + +• + +7; +67.3369° N +, +9.5583° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1616 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3627 +; +IINH 39802 + +• + +3; +67.3314° N +, +9.5544° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1609 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3628 +; +IINH 39797 + +• + +2; +68.0133° N +, +9.2539° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1859 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3631 +; +IINH 39796 + +• + +20; +68.0256° N +, +9.255° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1727 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3632 +; +IINH 39805 + +• + +1; +68.42° N +, +8.97° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1952 m + +; -0.84°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3633 +; +IINH 39798 + +• + +5; +68.8364° N +, +9.245° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1844 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3636 +; +IINH 39800 + +• + +1; +68.4589° N +, +10.1542° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2069 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3637 +; +IINH 39799 + +• + +2; +68.4508° N +, +10.1828° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +2065 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +18 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3638 +; +IINH 39785 + +• + +6; +67.9675° N +, +10.0503° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1915 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +18 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3640 +; +IINH 39787 + +• + +5; +66.9856° N +, +10.7206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1450 m + +; -0.77°C; 34.92 ppt; + +19 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3641 +; +IINH 39788 + +• + +4; +67.4061° N +, +10.6831° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1703 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.91 ppt; + +21 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3645 +; +IINH 39790 + +• + +7; +68.9528° N +, +10.5556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2215 m + +; -0.79°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3648 +; +IINH 39786 + +• + +1; +68.9231° N +, +12.6275° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1900 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3650 +; +IINH 39795 + +• + +3; +69.0667° N +, +13.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3652 +; +IINH 39794 + +• + +1; +68.7033° N +, +14.3086° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1492 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3654 +; +IINH 39792 + +• + +2; +68.6933° N +, +14.3206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1489 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3655 +; +IINH 39806 + +• + +1; +68.7864° N +, +15.3186° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1492 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3656 +; +IINH 39789 + +• + +2; +67.6583° N +, +20.0344° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +505 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3662 +; +IINH 39791 + +• + +5; +67.6561° N +, +20.0778° W +; RP sledge; depth + +493 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3663 +; +IINH 39793 + + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, distinctly to slightly curved, evenly tapering to a pointed end; slightly nodular in latest chambers. Length of test +2–3 mm +, the largest nearly +4 mm +; test width +0.3–0.5 mm +. Chambers subglobular, sometimes slightly cylindrical in the latest chambers, rectilinearly arranged, minimally embracing; number of chambers 9–14, sometimes up to 21. Initial chambers in microsphere are rectilinear. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, nearly central, slightly raised, sometimes protruding, comprising up to 12 tines, symmetrically arranged, usually fused in the center, sometimes only partly fused. Surface smooth, except for a very short basal knob or spine. Secondary surface laminations cover the whole test (ortho-lamellar) or partially (plesio-lamellar), wall finely perforated and thick. + + + + +Fig. 5. + +Dentalina frobisherensis +Loeblich & Tappan, 1953 + +. +A–C +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3104, IINH 39775), side view (A), details of initial end (B) and aperture (C) stained with indigo blue. +D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3108, IINH 39774), aperture stained with indigo blue. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Prolocular size is commonly around +0.1 mm +, but ranges continuously from about +0.03 to 0.14 mm +. The secondary laminations result in successive thickening of the whole test as new chambers are added ( +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004 +), which partially levels out the originally nodular character of the initial part of the test as new chambers and laminations are added. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E78065603C0412FD23B1A8255F.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E78065603C0412FD23B1A8255F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d5833b831d0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E78065603C0412FD23B1A8255F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,4049 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina obliqua +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 6 + + + + + + + +Nautilus obliqvus +Linnaeus, 1758: 710 + + +. pl. 19 figs N–n. + + + + +Nodosaria obliqua + +– +Goës 1894 +(part): 70, pl. 12 figs 695–696 (only). + + + + +Dentalina obliqua + +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 197–198 + +, pl. 1 fig. n, pl. 2 fig. b. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +BARENTS SEA • 7; +70.2403° N +, +16.7878° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1427 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R198-12 +A; +IINH 14818 + +• + +4; +70.2406° N +, +16.7892° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1422 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R198-12 +B; +IINH 14806 + +• + +1; +69.8728° N +, +16.8231° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +351 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R205-14 +A; +IINH 14810 + +• + +2; +69.8725° N +, +16.8228° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +351 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R205-16 +A; +IINH 14848 + +• + +1; +69.1478° N +, +13.6917° W +; +Van Veen +grab +Large +; depth + +1119 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +11 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R229-25 +A; +IINH 14811 + +• + +1; +69.1478° N +, +11.2764° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1116 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +11 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R229-27 +B; +IINH 14828 + +• + +4; +69.1469° N +, +13.715° W +; +Beam +trawl; depth + +1034 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +11 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R229-8 +A; +IINH 14809 + +• + +1; +69.2614° N +, +14.3283° W +; +Beam +trawl; depth + +1221 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R231-10 +A; +IINH 14819 + +• + +7; +69.2714° N +, +13.6194° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +1337 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R231-14 +A; +IINH 14821 + +• + +1; +69.2617° N +, +14.3336° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1238 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R231-31 +B; +IINH 14845 + +• + +3; +69.4136° N +, +14.6019° W +; +Beam +trawl; depth + +1217 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +13 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R232-12 +B; +IINH 14805 + +• + +3; +69.4119° N +, +14.7067° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1409 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +14 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R232-16 +B; +IINH 14808 + +• + +3; +69.4119° N +, +14.7067° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1409 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +14 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R232-33 +A; +IINH 14829 + +• + +1; +68.5872° N +, +13.7275° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +137 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R243-17 +A; +IINH 14820 + +• + +4; +68.5897° N +, +13.7158° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +142 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R243-36 +A; +IINH 14825 + +• + +2; +68.5897° N +, +13.7158° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +142 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R243-37 +B; +IINH 14826 + +• + +20; +68.7931° N +, +12.535° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +1304 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R248-20 +A; +IINH 14841 + +• + +2; +69.7936° N +, +12.5386° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1305 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R248-38 +A; +IINH 14827 + +• + +1; +68.7939° N +, +12.5386° W +; +Beam +trawl; depth + +1304 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R248-39 +B; +IINH 14815 + +• + +1; +69.1325° N +, +14.115° W +; +Beam +trawl; depth + +1407 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R257-18 +A; +IINH 14824 + +• + +1; +69.1342° N +, +14.1206° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +1068 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R257-25 +B; +IINH 14816 + +• + +25; +69.1322° N +, +14.1125° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1046 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +22 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R257-42 +A; +IINH 14822 + +• + +35; +69.1322° N +, +14.1125° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1045 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +22 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R257- 43 +B; +IINH 14804 + +• + +1; +69.1856° N +, +13.9672° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +1899 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +22 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R259-23 +B; +IINH 14837 + +• + +1; +69.1842° N +, +13.9828° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1359 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +21 Jun. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R259-41 +B; +IINH 14823 + +• + +8; +68.4819° N +, +10.9767° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +1314 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R276-333 +A; +IINH 14847 + +• + +35; +68.4819° N +, +10.9767°W +; large +Van Veen +grab;depth + +1314 m + +; -0.87°C; 34.9 ppt; + +8 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R276-334 +B; +IINH 14814 + +• + +2; +68.1392° N +, +12.3006° W +; +Van Veen. +large; depth + +230 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.16 ppt; + +9 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R280-335 +A; +IINH 14817 + +• + +2; +68.1392° N +, +12.3006° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +230 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.16 ppt; + +9 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R280-337 +A; +IINH 14842 + +• + +14; +68.1397° N +, +12.3086° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +229 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.16 ppt; + +9 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R280-339 +B; +IINH 14803 + +• + +2; +68.1381° N +, +12.3039° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +229 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.16 ppt; + +9 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R280-33 +B; +IINH 14813 + +• + +1; +68.1397° N +, +12.3086° W +; 0; depth + +228 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.16 ppt; + +9 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R280-340 +B; +IINH 14844 + +• + +3; +68.6136° N +, +15.2653° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +140 m + +; 6.3°C; 34.15 ppt; + +11 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R291-341 +A; +IINH 14812 + +• + +1; +68.6247° N +, +12.6936° W +; +Large Van Veen +; depth + +199 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +30 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R296-343 +A; +IINH 14840 + +• + +2; +68.6247° N +, +12.6939° W +; +Large Van Veen +grab; depth + +199 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +13 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R296-345 +B; +IINH 14839 + +• + +3; +68.6547° N +, +11.9131° W +; +Large Van Veen +grab; depth + +807 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +14 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R297-346 +; +IINH 14843 + +• + +2; +68.6556° N +, +11.9086° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +815 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +14 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R297-36 +A; +IINH 14846 + +• + +40; +68.9106° N +, +12.6789° W +; +Van Veen +grab large; depth + +1240 m + +; -0.79°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008114 +R311-350 +A; +IINH 14830 + +• + +1; +68.9025° N +, +12.6625° W +; RP-sledge; depth + +1340 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +17 Oct. 2008 + +; MAREANO-2008104 +R311-40 +B; +IINH 14807 + +• + +1; +71.7481° N +, +15.2439° W +; large +Van Veen +grab; depth + +993 m + +; -0.73°C; 34.898 ppt; + +20 Sep. 2009 + +; MAREANO-2009111 +R444-137 +; +IINH 14838 + +. + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +65.3606° N +, +13.6158° W +; RP sledge; depth + +64 m + +; 5.17°C; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2003 +; +IINH 39508 + +• + +5; +65.5836° N +, +11.2881° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.42°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2011 +; +IINH 14717 + +• + +9; +65.5856° N +, +11.2839° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +769 m + +; -0.42°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2012 +; +IINH 14718 + +• + +9; +66.5547° N +, +12.1989° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1253 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2019 +; +IINH 39867 + +• + +3; +66.6278° N +, +12.1542° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1314 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2020 +; +IINH 14719 + +• + +5; +67.0581° N +, +13.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +931 m + +; -0.56°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2029 +; +IINH 39866 + +• + +3; +66.6347° N +, +13.8078° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +146 m + +; 2.67°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2037 +; +IINH 14720 + +• + +5; +66.3647° N +, +13.4856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +310 m + +; 1.3°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2040 +; +IINH 39869 + +• + +1; +65.8322° N +, +14.5594° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +105 m + +; 3.1°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2042 +; +IINH 14721 + +• + +1; +65.7792° N +, +13.9722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +229 m + +; 2.6°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2045 +; +IINH 39870 + +• + +6; +65.7025° N +, +12.8833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 1.96°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2047 +; +IINH 39871 + +• + +1; +67.375° N +, +17.3847° W +; RP sledge; depth + +893 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.84 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2081 +; +IINH 14722 + +• + +1; +67.2686° N +, +17.4447° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +754 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.86 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2085 +; +IINH 14723 + +• + +1; +67.2756° N +, +17.4272° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +755 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.86 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2086 +; +IINH 14724 + +• + +5; +67.2614° N +, +17.455° W +; RP sledge; depth + +735 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.86 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2087 +; +IINH 37851 + +• + +6; +67.0342° N +, +17.5717° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +303 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2094 +; +IINH 14725 + +• + +1; +67.8344° N +, +19.5575° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +905 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2103 +; +IINH 39872 + +• + +1; +67.7697° N +, +19.4975° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +762 m + +; -0.53°C; 34.86 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2110 +; +IINH 14726 + +• + +7; +67.7253° N +, +19.5083° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +588 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2111 +; +IINH 14727 + +• + +1; +67.7292° N +, +19.4722° W +; RP sledge; depth + +603 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2113 +; +IINH 14728 + +• + +4; +67.7047° N +, +19.4669° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2114 +; +IINH 14729 + +• + +4; +67.7° N +, +19.4397° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2116 +; +IINH 14730 + +• + +10; +67.4756° N +, +19.5386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +405 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2117 +; +IINH 14731 + +• + +2; +67.4897° N +, +19.5528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +393 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2118 +; +IINH 14732 + +• + +6; +67.1189° N +, +19.8775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2119 +; +IINH 14733 + +• + +31; +67.1275° N +, +19.9042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +280 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2121 +; +IINH 14734 + +• + +35; +67.1858° N +, +19.5672° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +346 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2122 +; +IINH 14735 + +• + +35; +67.1839° N +, +19.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +347 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2124 +; +IINH 14737 + +• + +2; +66.7322° N +, +18.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +417 m + +; 0.58°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2136 +; +IINH 14738 + +• + +3; +66.7197° N +, +19.3303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +297 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2137 +; +IINH 14739 + +• + +1; +66.8586° N +, +20.1614° W +; RP sledge; depth + +399 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2143 +; +IINH 14740 + +• + +6; +66.8581° N +, +20.1603° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +398 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2145 +; +IINH 14741 + +• + +2; +66.4436° N +, +18.8192° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +425 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2174 +; +IINH 14743 + +• + +1; +63.9836° N +, +23.5703° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +137 m + +; 7.29°C; 35.07 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2209 +; +IINH 14744 + +• + +1; +63.9889° N +, +23.5694° W +; RP sledge; depth + +136 m + +; 7.29°C; 35.07 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2210 +; +IINH 37854 + +• + +1; +64.1508° N +, +23.9794° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +256 m + +; 7.04°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2212 +; +IINH 14745 + +• + +3; +64.1583° N +, +23.9744° W +; RP sledge; depth + +260 m + +; 7.04°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2213 +; +IINH 14746 + +• + +1; +64.2686° N +, +24.4386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +214 m + +; 6.85°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2216 +; +IINH 14747 + +• + +2; +64.2128° N +, +25.2931° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2218 +; +IINH 14748 + +• + +6; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 14749 + +• + +5; +63.9169° N +, +25.2775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +240 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2221 +; +IINH 14751 + +• + +3; +63.9269° N +, +25.2733° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +242 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2222 +; +IINH 14752 + +• + +5; +63.7578° N +, +24.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +426 m + +; 5.88°C; 35.06 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2226 +; +IINH 14753 + +• + +2; +63.8167° N +, +24.3736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.96°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2229 +; +IINH 14754 + +• + +3; +63.72° N +, +24.4217° W +; RP sledge; depth + +209 m + +; 6.98°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2233 +; +IINH 39278 + +• + +2; +63.6517° N +, +24.4328° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +189 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2234 +; +IINH + +• + +15; +63.4528° N +, +24.6875° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2237 +; +IINH 3535 + +• + +1; +63.1444° N +, +24.9881° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +312 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2271 +; +IINH 14633 + +• + +11; +63.1439° N +, +24.9833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +313 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2273 +; +IINH 14756 + +• + +1; +63.1447° N +, +23.9331° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +390 m + +; 7.09°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2281 +; +IINH 14757 + +• + +1; +63.1406° N +, +23.9336° W +; RP sledge; depth + +390 m + +; 7.09°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2282 +; +IINH 14758 + +• + +17; +63.2506° N +, +22.7936° W +; RP sledge; depth + +263 m + +; 7.12°C; 35.13 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2308 +; +IINH 14759 + +• + +1; +63.5692° N +, +22.7203° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +172 m + +; 7.3°C; 35.13 ppt; + +11 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2310 +; +IINH 14636 + +• + +6; +64.0167° N +, +9.6167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +776 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2319 +; +IINH 14760 + +• + +2; +62.7167° N +, +12.8167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +800 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2333 +; +IINH 14761 + +• + +5; +62.7167° N +, +12.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +803 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2334 +; +IINH 14762 + +• + +1; +62.4667° N +, +12.9° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1105 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2335 +; +IINH 14763 + +• + +1; +62.1833° N +, +13.3167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1290 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2338 +; +IINH 14764 + +• + +1; +62.85° N +, +13.2667° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +846 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +6 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2342 +; +IINH 14765 + +• + +1; +64.8667° N +, +11.4333° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +476 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +9 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2372 +; +IINH 14766 + +• + +3; +63.4619° N +, +22.0769° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +182 m + +; 7.11°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2390 +; +IINH 14767 + +• + +5; +63.25° N +, +22.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +288 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2392 +; +IINH 14768 + +• + +5; +63.2514° N +, +22.2033° W +; RP sledge; depth + +291 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2393 +; +IINH 14769 + +• + +1; +63.175° N +, +21.8889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +346 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2398 +; +IINH 14770 + +• + +1; +63.1306° N +, +21.9422° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +511 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2400 +; +IINH 14771 + +• + +1; +63.1758° N +, +21.2022° W +; RP sledge; depth + +256 m + +; 7.08°C; 35.11 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2418 +; +IINH 14772 + +• + +3; +63.1333° N +, +20.6667° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 7.02°C; 35.11 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2420 +; +IINH 14773 + +• + +1; +63.2667° N +, +20.4° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +138 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2442 +; +IINH 14742 + +• + +8; +63.4278° N +, +21.6747° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +133 m + +; 7.12°C; 35.08 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2463 +; +IINH 14736 + +• + +4; +63.2556° N +, +21.2389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +180 m + +; 7.24°C; 35.11 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2465 +; +IINH 4760 + +• + +2; +63.2611° N +, +21.2389° W +; RP sledge; depth + +180 m + +; 7.24°C; 35.11 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2466 +; +IINH 37623 + +• + +3; +66.6261° N +, +25.5664° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +749 m + +; -0.53°C; 34.87 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2518 +; +IINH 14774 + +• + +2; +67.1097° N +, +24.085° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2573 +; +IINH 14775 + +• + +3; +67.1042° N +, +24.7242° W +; RP sledge; depth + +996 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2579 +; +IINH 14776 + +• + +10; +67.7222° N +, +22.5794° W +; RP sledge; depth + +719 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2581 +; +IINH 14777 + +• + +2; +67.6083° N +, +22.3897° W +; RP sledge; depth + +605 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2583 +; +IINH 39179 + +• + +4; +67.4214° N +, +22.4072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2585 +; +IINH 14778 + +• + +1; +67.4181° N +, +22.4347° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2586 +; +IINH 14779 + +• + +1; +67.3406° N +, +22.5425° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +356 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2588 +; +IINH 14780 + +• + +6; +67.3381° N +, +22.5525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +355 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2589 +; +IINH 14781 + +• + +1; +67.0028° N +, +22.5714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +203 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2595 +; +IINH 14851 + +• + +3; +66.9417° N +, +17.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +433 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2603 +; +IINH 39181 + +• + +1; +66.9344° N +, +17.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +435 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2606 +; +IINH 14849 + +• + +2; +67.1375° N +, +17.0306° W +; RP sledge; depth + +362 m + +; -0.36°C; 34.89 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2613 +; +IINH 39182 + +• + +2; +67.1939° N +, +16.8444° W +; RP sledge; depth + +535 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2616 +; +IINH 39183 + +• + +3; +67.2761° N +, +16.6592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +597 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2618 +; +IINH 39184 + +• + +1; +67.2906° N +, +16.6381° W +; RP sledge; depth + +600 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2619 +; +IINH 39185 + +• + +5; +67.5758° N +, +16.5406° W +; RP sledge; depth + +894 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2622 +; +IINH 39186 + +• + +6; +67.4286° N +, +16.1703° W +; RP sledge; depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2627 +; +IINH 39187 + +• + +8; +67.3364° N +, +16.1194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +602 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2629 +; +IINH 39188 + +• + +5; +67.3894° N +, +15.9775° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +699 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2631 +; +IINH 14782 + +• + +5; +67.5044° N +, +15.8069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +795 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2634 +; +IINH 39189 + +• + +1; +68.0208° N +, +15.2519° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1202 m + +; -0.64°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2644 +; +IINH 14783 + +• + +1; +68.0922° N +, +15.3258° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1304 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2647 +; +IINH 14784 + +• + +5; +67.6103° N +, +15.1283° W +; RP sledge; depth + +910 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2652 +; +IINH 39190 + +• + +5; +67.3° N +, +14.9581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +549 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2655 +; +IINH 14785 + +• + +1; +67.2447° N +, +15.4783° W +; RP sledge; depth + +277 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2660 +; +IINH 14786 + +• + +1; +66.9989° N +, +15.7606° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +187 m + +; 2.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2668 +; +IINH 39192 + +• + +7; +66.8389° N +, +16.2706° W +; RP sledge; depth + +227 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.89 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2673 +; +IINH 39193 + +• + +1; +64.575° N +, +24.5222° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +250 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2712 +; +IINH 14787 + +• + +5; +64.575° N +, +24.5472° W +; RP sledge; depth + +273 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2713 +; +IINH 14788 + +• + +4; +67.0908° N +, +20.1411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; -0.01°C; 34.86 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2736 +; +IINH 39197 + +• + +2; +67.3208° N +, +19.7114° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +352 m + +; -0.38°C; 34.88 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2737 +; +IINH 39198 + +• + +15; +67.6583° N +, +20.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +514 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2741 +; +IINH 39199 + +• + +3; +67.7775° N +, +20.7875° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +778 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.89 ppt; + +31 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2747 +; +IINH 39200 + +• + +3; +67.9206° N +, +18.3222° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +610 m + +; -0.39°C; 34.88 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2756 +; +IINH 39201 + +• + +3; +68.1083° N +, +17.5347° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1220 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.89 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2765 +; +IINH 39202 + +• + +5; +68.5883° N +, +16.9397° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +519 m + +; -0.37°C; 34.86 ppt; + +2 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2769 +; +IINH 39203 + +• + +1; +68.345° N +, +15.7858° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1413 m + +; -0.74°C; 34.89 ppt; + +4 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2779 +; +IINH 39204 + +• + +1; +67.6017° N +, +17.8781° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1017 m + +; -0.49°C; 34.89 ppt; + +4 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2783 +; +IINH 39207 + +• + +13; +67.4156° N +, +18.2417° W +; RP sledge; depth + +693 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.88 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2786 +; +IINH 39206 + +• + +2; +67.2547° N +, +18.8669° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +480 m + +; 0.01°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2792 +; +IINH 39205 + +• + +1; +63.2511° N +, +17.8528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +206 m + +; 7.18°C; 35.14 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2818 +; +IINH 39213 + +• + +1; +63.5033° N +, +17.7019° W +; RP sledge; depth + +120 m + +; 7.24°C; 35.13 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2824 +; +IINH 39875 + +• + +1; +63.3206° N +, +16.9172° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +246 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.14 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2839 +; +IINH 39217 + +• + +1; +62.9833° N +, +17.8361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +947 m + +; 3.48°C; 34.98 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2846 +; +IINH 39216 + +• + +1; +64.6928° N +, +25.6061° W +; RP sledge; depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2868 +; +IINH 39215 + +• + +1; +64.6833° N +, +25.6072° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2869 +; +IINH 39218 + +• + +1; +64.9278° N +, +27.2494° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +367 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2880 +; +IINH 14789 + +• + +2; +65.1764° N +, +27.0556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +242 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2883 +; +IINH 39214 + +• + +2; +63.7667° N +, +14.85° W +; RP sledge; depth + +216 m + +; 7.67°C; 35.16 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 2994 +; +IINH 39223 + +• + +8; +63.6389° N +, +14.7306° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +264 m + +; 7.76°C; 35.19 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 2998 +; +IINH 39222 + +• + +5; +63.6389° N +, +14.7333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +269 m + +; 7.76°C; 35.19 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 2999 +; +IINH 39221 + +• + +1; +63.3153° N +, +14.3614° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1642 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.97 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3005 +; +IINH 39226 + +• + +9; +63.9969° N +, +14.1558° W +; RP sledge; depth + +221 m + +; 7.59°C; 35.16 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3061 +; +IINH 39225 + +• + +7; +63.9981° N +, +14.1561° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +218 m + +; 7.59°C; 35.16 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3062 +; +IINH 39224 + +• + +5; +67.3264° N +, +21.1819° W +; RP sledge; depth + +314 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.86 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3104 +; +IINH 39227 + +• + +1; +67.3219° N +, +20.7528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +328 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3108 +; +IINH 39228 + +• + +3; +67.705° N +, +19.7986° W +; RP sledge; depth + +611 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.89 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3115 +; +IINH 39229 + +• + +9; +68.7325° N +, +16.5853° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1715 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3127 +; +IINH 39249 + +• + +7; +67.875° N +, +22.2581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3140 +; +IINH 39231 + +• + +2; +67.5211° N +, +24.1675° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1012 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3143 +; +IINH 39232 + +• + +2; +67.2194° N +, +24.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1223 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3146 +; +IINH 39233 + +• + +1; +66.8842° N +, +26.9342° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +434 m + +; 0.06°C; 34.86 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3149 +; +IINH 39234 + +• + +1; +66.4911° N +, +28.0678° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +334 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.78 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3154 +; +IINH 39274 + +• + +17; +65.6508° N +, +9.1203° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +818 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.9 ppt; + +7 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3194 +; +IINH 39230 + +• + +6; +64.1292° N +, +24.1047° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +291 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3549 +; +IINH 39235 + +• + +15; +64.1297° N +, +24.1044° W +; RP sledge; depth + +290 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3550 +; +IINH 39236 + +• + +2; +64.2872° N +, +25.6994° W +; RP sledge; depth + +304 m + +; 7.19°C; 35.16 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3554 +; +IINH 39237 + +• + +1; +64.2086° N +, +26.2211° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +334 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3557 +; +IINH 39238 + +• + +2; +63.3289° N +, +25.265° W +; RP sledge; depth + +306 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3605 +; +IINH 39239 + +• + +1; +63.7533° N +, +25.7064° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +365 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3607 +; +IINH 39240 + +• + +1; +63.7567° N +, +25.7097° W +; RP sledge; depth + +366 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3608 +; +IINH 39241 + +• + +2; +64.2569° N +, +26.0578° W +; RP sledge; depth + +342 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3615 +; +IINH 39243 + +• + +2; +64.67° N +, +26.4761° W +; RP sledge; depth + +270 m + +; 6.99°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3617 +; +IINH 39244 + +• + +1; +67.6583° N +, +20.0344° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +505 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3662 +; +IINH 39242 + +• + +1; +67.6561° N +, +20.0778° W +; RP sledge; depth + +493 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3663 +; +IINH 39874 + +• + +25; +67.8519° N +, +9.4192° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +915 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +6 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-413; +IINH 14790 + +• + +1; +68.0767° N +, +8.3386° W +; Agassiz troll / Agassiz trawl; depth + +1154 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-437; +IINH 14791 + +• + +11; +68.0881° N +, +8.4175° W +; Agassiz troll / Agassiz trawl; depth + +938 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-438; +IINH 14792 + +• + +25; +68.0925° N +, +8.4267° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +951 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-439; +IINH 14793 + +• + +19; +68.0964° N +, +8.4636° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +1081 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-441; +IINH 14794 + +• + +4; +68.2703° N +, +8.8097° W +; Agassiz troll / Agassiz trawl; depth + +773 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +20 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-449; +IINH 14850 + +• + +9; +68.2578° N +, +8.9033° W +; Skrapa / Triangle dredge; depth + +899 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +21 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13- 2008-455; +IINH 14795 + +• + +5; +68.2031° N +, +9.0125° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +990 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +21 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-461; +IINH 14796 + +• + +11; +68.0861° N +, +8.355° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +1146 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +22 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-462; +IINH 14797 + +• + +1; +68.3578° N +, +9.8583° W +; Agassiz troll / Agassiz trawl; depth + +1077 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-473; +IINH 14798 + +• + +16; +68.3564° N +, +9.8503° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +1076 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-474; +IINH 14799 + +• + +10; +68.6667° N +, +9.0667° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +944 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +24 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13- 2008-478; +IINH 14800 + +• + +15; +67.9503° N +, +8.525° W +; RP sleði / RP sledge; depth + +1048 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +24 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-479; +IINH 14801 + +• + +1; +67.9211° N +, +8.5639° W +; Agassiz troll / Agassiz trawl; depth + +1053 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +24 Aug. 2008 + +; DREKINN B13-2008-481; +IINH 14802 + +• + +21; +67.65° N +, +19.0667° W +; 0; depth + +250 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +22 Jun. 1979 + +; HAFRO- JON BOGASON Dagný SI-70 St.5; +IINH 37852 + +. + + + + +Fig. 6. + +Dentalina obliqua +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +. +A, D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3104, IINH 39227), side view (A) and aperture (D). +B–C +. Microsphere (BIOICE 2308, IINH 14759), side view (B) and details of the initial spire (C), where outer wall has been etched with acid and stained with indigo blue; diameter of proloculus <0.02 mm. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, commonly distinctly curved, sometimes nearly straight, slightly nodular in latest chambers, somewhat tapering into a pointed end. Length of test +3–5 mm +, the largest specimens nearly +7 mm +; test width usually +0.6–0.8 mm +. Chambers subglobular, rectilinearly arranged; number of chambers 8–11 or up to 13. Initial 6–9 chambers in microsphere are arranged in an evolute planispiral, nearly completing one whorl ( +Fig. 6C +). Sutures horizontal, sometimes slightly oblique. Aperture radial, eccentric, protruding, made of up to 12 rather broad symmetrically arranged tines, that are fused in the center. Initial end with a short spine. Conspicuous longitudinal costae run the whole length of the test along slightly twisted lines; the costae divide or fuse as the diameter of the test changes; the apertural face is free of costae ( +Fig. 6A, D +) and in occasional specimens the last one or two chambers are smooth. Secondary surface laminations seem to cover whole test (ortho-lamellar). Wall thick and finely perforated, except for nearly imperforate narrow segment close to the aperture. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Seven microspheres were found among the 1082 examined specimens. Diameter of the proloculus in microspheres is about +0.02 mm +, and> +0.2 mm +in the megalospheres. Secondary laminations of successive chambers levels out the slightly nodular character of the earlier part of the test, resulting in an evenly tapering cylindrical shape. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7806F60010419FAA3B10921E7.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7806F60010419FAA3B10921E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40637929996 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7806F60010419FAA3B10921E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1780 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina mutabilis +( + +Costa +, 1855 + +) + + + + + + +Fig. 7 + + + + + + +Nodosaria mutabilis + + +Costa +, 1855: 134 + + + +, pl. 1 figs 1a, c, 2a, c. + + + + + + +Nodosaria flintii +Cushman, 1923: 85 + + +, pl. 14 fig. 1. + + + + + +Dentalina flintii + +– + +Jones 1994: 76 + +, pl. 64 figs 20–22. — + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 198 + +, pl. 1, fig. o, pl. 2 fig. a. + + + + + +Dentalina mutabilis + +– + + +Hayward +et al. +2012: 237 + + +, pl. 39 figs 19–21. + + + +non + +Nodosaria obliqua +( +Linnaeus, 1758 +) + +– +Goës 1894 +(part): 70, pl. 12 figs 691–692 (only). — +Cushman +1913: 59, pl. 25 fig. 5. + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS • 1; +63.2544° N +, +26.4925° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1200 m + +; 4.09°C; 34.94 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2256 +; +IINH 14647 + +• + +40; +63.2503° N +, +26.4872° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1209 m + +; 4.09°C; 34.94 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2257 +; +IINH 14648 + +• + +1; +62.4739° N +, +22.6733° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1203 m + +; 3.91°C; 34.95 ppt; + +9 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2293 +; +IINH 14634 + +• + +1; +63.0619° N +, +22.6756° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +601 m + +; 6.75°C; 35.1 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2302 +; +IINH 14635 + +• + +1; +63.0744° N +, +22.6894° W +; RP sledge; depth + +600 m + +; 6.75°C; 35.1 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2303 +; +IINH 14649 + +• + +2; +63.0583° N +, +21.8333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +838 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2403 +; +IINH 39171 + +• + +3; +63.0417° N +, +21.8556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +802 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2404 +; +IINH 39178 + +• + +1; +62.8667° N +, +21.7361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1074 m + +; 4°C; 34.97 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2410 +; +IINH 39177 + +• + +1; +62.7572° N +, +21.5547° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1170 m + +; 4.17°C; 34.98 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2412 +; +IINH 14650 + +• + +3; +62.7556° N +, +21.5667° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1171 m + +; 4.17°C; 34.98 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2413 +; +IINH 14651 + +• + +1; +63.0083° N +, +21.0211° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +784 m + +; 5.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2414 +; +IINH 39176 + +• + +1; +63.005° N +, +21.015° W +; RP sledge; depth + +819 m + +; 5.36°C; 35.02 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2415 +; +IINH 39175 + +• + +3; +63.0689° N +, +19.8592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1207 m + +; 4.45°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2431 +; +IINH 39174 + +• + +2; +63.1233° N +, +21.6119° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +647 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.06 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2471 +; +IINH 39173 + +• + +2; +63.0722° N +, +21.5917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +842 m + +; 5.54°C; 35.03 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2475 +; +IINH 39172 + +• + +2; +64.4361° N +, +28.2389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1162 m + +; 3.72°C; 34.92 ppt; + +31 Aug. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2691 +; +IINH 14652 + +• + +4; +64.1722° N +, +27.7194° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1042 m + +; 4.2°C; 34.93 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2697 +; +IINH 14653 + +• + +1; +64.0972° N +, +27.8361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1121 m + +; 3.84°C; 34.92 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2701 +; +IINH 14637 + +• + +4; +63.8472° N +, +27.7222° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1295 m + +; 3.8°C; 34.92 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2704 +; +IINH 14654 + +• + +5; +63.9389° N +, +28.275° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1406 m + +; 3.71°C; 34.91 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2706 +; +IINH 14638 + +• + +7; +63.925° N +, +28.2889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1407 m + +; 3.71°C; 34.91 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2707 +; +IINH 14639 + +• + +27; +64.7278° N +, +30.125° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2170 m + +; 3.13°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2708 +; +IINH 14665 + +• + +1; +64.3861° N +, +27.3194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +711 m + +; 6°C; 35.05 ppt; + +7 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2726 +; +IINH 14656 + +• + +1; +63.0944° N +, +17.3528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1085 m + +; 4.48°C; 35.01 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2844 +; +IINH 39220 + +• + +3; +62.3472° N +, +16.9917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2074 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.96 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2856 +; +IINH 14657 + +• + +3; +61.8394° N +, +16.8906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2270 m + +; 2.37°C; 34.95 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2859 +; +IINH 14658 + +• + +6; +61.7286° N +, +16.9633° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2295 m + +; 2.6°C; 34.96 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2860 +; +IINH 14659 + +• + +2; +61.1717° N +, +18.0492° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2400 m + +; 2.07°C; 34.95 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2863 +; +IINH 14660 + +• + +1; +62.0725° N +, +20.5986° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1681 m + +; 2.67°C; 34.96 ppt; + +31 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2864 +; +IINH 39219 + +• + +2; +64.5767° N +, +27.6106° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +775 m + +; 6.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2876 +; +IINH 14661 + +• + +1; +64.5878° N +, +27.6167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +776 m + +; 6.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2877 +; +IINH 14662 + +• + +1; +64.5781° N +, +27.6206° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +779 m + +; 6.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2878 +; +IINH 14663 + +• + +2; +65.3908° N +, +28.3575° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1057 m + +; 4.78°C; 34.98 ppt; + +24 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2904 +; +IINH 14899 + +• + +1; +65.2764° N +, +28.8433° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1311 m + +; 3.96°C; 34.94 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2907 +; +IINH 39876 + +• + +9; +65.2669° N +, +28.8375° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1300 m + +; 3.96°C; 34.94 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2909 +; +IINH 39877 + +• + +6; +65.1889° N +, +29.0747° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1467 m + +; 3.9°C; 34.94 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2911 +; +IINH 39878 + +• + +8; +65.1836° N +, +29.0717° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1456 m + +; 3.9°C; 34.94 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2912 +; +IINH 39879 + +• + +3; +64.91° N +, +29.9869° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2005 m + +; 3.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2914 +; +IINH 14897 + +• + +2; +65.2158° N +, +29.2486° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1539 m + +; 3.22°C; 34.93 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2918 +; +IINH 14893 + +• + +1; +62.8708° N +, +14.7006° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1729 m + +; 2.51°C; 34.96 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3067 +; +IINH 14640 + +• + +1; +62.3008° N +, +15.3333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2067 m + +; 3.19°C; 34.96 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3071 +; +IINH 14641 + +• + +3; +61.9014° N +, +15.1375° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2082 m + +; 2.83°C; 34.97 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3072 +; +IINH 39262 + +• + +2; +61.9075° N +, +15.1547° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2085 m + +; 2.83°C; 34.97 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3074 +; +IINH 39260 + +• + +4; +62.0075° N +, +15.9836° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +2191 m + +; 3.07°C; 34.97 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3076 +; +IINH 39261 + +• + +4; +62.6189° N +, +23.3719° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1250 m + +; 3.61°C; 34.99 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3161 +; +IINH 39271 + +• + +2; +62.6197° N +, +23.3669° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1250 m + +; 3.61°C; 34.99 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3162 +; +IINH 39263 + +• + +6; +61.7167° N +, +22.9639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1741 m + +; 2.79°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3164 +; +IINH 14642 + +• + +4; +60.9264° N +, +22.7897° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1898 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3166 +; +IINH 39264 + +• + +6; +60.9244° N +, +22.7906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1897 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3167 +; +IINH 39265 + +• + +1; +60.7586° N +, +23.72° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1951 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +29 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3177 +; +IINH 39266 + +• + +3; +60.8906° N +, +26.8033° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1543 m + +; 3.53°C; 34.98 ppt; + +30 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3181 +; +IINH 14643 + +• + +1; +61.2403° N +, +27.9272° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +1005 m + +; 4.6°C; 34.97 ppt; + +31 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3183 +; +IINH 39267 + +• + +4; +62.15° N +, +27.0172° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +1325 m + +; 3.99°C; 34.96 ppt; + +1 Aug. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3186 +; +IINH 39268 + +• + +14; +62.1511° N +, +27.0206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1327 m + +; 3.99°C; 34.96 ppt; + +1 Aug. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3187 +; +IINH 14644 + +• + +5; +62.1542° N +, +27.0089° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1339 m + +; 3.99°C; 34.96 ppt; + +1Aug. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3188 +; +IINH 39269 + +• + +6; +62.1508° N +, +26.6381° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +950 m + +; 5.21°C; 35.01 ppt; + +1 Aug. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3189 +; +IINH 39270 + +• + +2; +62.5306° N +, +19.6639° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1682 m + +; 3.3°C; 34.99 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3263 +; +IINH 39272 + +• + +1; +62.4222° N +, +19.8167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1780 m + +; 2.95°C; 34.98 ppt; + +13 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3264 +; +IINH 14645 + +• + +4; +62.8972° N +, +15.9333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1692 m + +; 2.85°C; 35 ppt; + +16 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3280 +; +IINH 39273 + +• + +2; +62.8° N +, +16.2556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1813 m + +; 2.54°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Sep. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3282 +; +IINH 14646 + +• + +1; +63.0083° N +, +20.5083° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +814 m + +; 5.82°C; 35.1 ppt; + +31 Aug. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3500 +; +IINH 39300 + +• + +1; +63.0067° N +, +20.5069° W +; RP sledge; depth + +829 m + +; 5.82°C; 35.1 ppt; + +31 Aug. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3501 +; +IINH 39299 + +• + +1; +62.0294° N +, +19.8208° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1733 m + +; 3.09°C; 34.99 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3504 +; +IINH 39298 + +• + +14; +62.0444° N +, +19.6531° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3509 +; +IINH 39297 + +• + +1; +62.2711° N +, +17.5489° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1960 m + +; 2.7°C; 34.99 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3519 +; +IINH 39296 + +• + +1; +61.6642° N +, +13.9181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1640 m + +; 2.86°C; 34.95 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3543 +; +IINH 39295 + +• + +5; +62.9836° N +, +18.1517° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1232 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3546 +; +IINH 39294 + +• + +1; +62.9844° N +, +18.1564° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1233 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3547 +; +IINH 39293 + +• + +5; +63.7197° N +, +29.1767° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1819 m + +; 3.24°C; 34.92 ppt; + +4 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3570 +; +IINH 39291 + +• + +6; +63.5061° N +, +29.6444° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2233 m + +; 3.14°C; 34.92 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3571 +; +IINH 39290 + +• + +9; +63.3803° N +, +29.9236° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2359 m + +; 3.06°C; 34.92 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3573 +; +IINH 39301 + +• + +2; +63.2947° N +, +28.5669° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1744 m + +; 3.7°C; 34.95 ppt; + +6 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3575 +; +IINH 39289 + +• + +6; +63.0847° N +, +28.4428° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1796 m + +; 3.42°C; 34.93 ppt; + +6 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3578 +; +IINH 39288 + +• + +3; +63.0783° N +, +28.4442° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1796 m + +; 3.42°C; 34.93 ppt; + +6 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3579 +; +IINH 39287 + +• + +1; +62.385° N +, +28.2881° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1548 m + +; 3.77°C; 34.95 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3585 +; +IINH 39292 + +• + +3; +62.3875° N +, +28.2919° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1558 m + +; 3.77°C; 34.95 ppt; + +7 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3586 +; +IINH 39286 + +• + +5; +61.8019° N +, +27.0386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +880 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.08 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3591 +; +IINH 39285 + +• + +2; +61.8044° N +, +27.0328° W +; RP sledge; depth + +888 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.08 ppt; + +9 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3592 +; +IINH 39284 + +• + +3; +61.835° N +, +26.1589° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +906 m + +; 5.52°C; 35.07 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3594 +; +IINH 39283 + +• + +4; +61.8328° N +, +26.1769° W +; RP sledge; depth + +916 m + +; 5.52°C; 35.07 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3595 +; +IINH 39282 + +• + +7; +62.2936° N +, +25.6328° W +; RP sledge; depth + +769 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.12 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3598 +; +IINH 39281 + + + + + +Fig. 7. + +Dentalina mutabilis +( +Costa, 1855 +) + +. +A +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3501, IINH 39299), side view. +B +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3598, IINH 39281), variant with exceptionally large proloculus. +C–E +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3280, IINH 39273), side view (C), aperture (D) and aperture (E) of the same specimen stained with indigo blue. Light source combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, usually straight, sometimes only slightly curved, somewhat nodular near the apertural end; tapering to a pointed initial end. Length of test commonly +4–5 mm +, the largest +7 mm +; test width +0.3–0.4 mm +. Chambers sub-globular, rectilinearly arranged, number of chambers 8–14, or up to 16. Sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, central and protruding, with up to 14 tines that are symmetrically arranged and fused in the center. Initial end with relatively long spine; conspicuous longitudinal costae run in nearly straight lines along the whole length of the test and are fused with the base of the apertural tines ( +Fig. 7D–E +); the costae divide or fuse as the diameter of the test changes. Secondary surface laminations cover the whole test (ortho-lamellar). Wall thick and finely perforated. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +All the 322 examined specimens of this species had a rectilinear chamber arrangement in the initial part. Diameter of proloculus falls usually within the range of +0.10–0.15 mm +, but in few specimens the diameter reaches +0.40 mm +. Robust specimens of + +D. mutabilis + +bear some superficial resemblance to exceptionally slender individuals of + +D. obliqua + +. Nevertheless, + +D. mutabilis + +differs from + +D. obliqua + +in having a central aperture and the surface costae run in direct continuation of the apertural tines ( +Fig. 7E +), and nearly parallel to the axis of the test, whereas the costae are slightly twisted in + +D. obliqua + +( +Fig. 6A–B +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7807060230476F9B4B3072737.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7807060230476F9B4B3072737.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..47fb3547e0b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7807060230476F9B4B3072737.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + +Subfamily + +Nodosariinae +Ehrenberg, 1838 + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +The diagnostic characters of the family +Nodosariinae +are a uniserial chamber arrangement and a rectilinear to slightly arcuate test in the megalospheric generation, with a terminal aperture made of radiate slits or grooves around the margin ( + +Hayward +et al. +2012 + +). The few and rarely encountered specimens of the microspheric generation of + +Dentalina antarctica +Parr, 1950 + +, + +Dentalina elegans +d’Orbigny, 1846 + +, + +Dentalina obliqua +( +Linnaeus,1758 +) + +, and + +Nodosaria incerta +Neugeboren, 1856 + +have rudiments of a planispiral arrangement of the very first initial chambers. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E780756029046FF915B52A213C.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E780756029046FF915B52A213C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7de154f36f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E780756029046FF915B52A213C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,776 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina antennula +d’Orbigny, 1846 + + + + + + +Fig. 2 + + + + + + + +Dentalina antennula +d’Orbigny, 1846: 53 + + +, pl. 2 figs 29–30. + + + + + +Dentalina antennula + +– + +Papp & Schmid 1985: 33 + +, pl. 15 figs 7–9. — + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 198 + +, pl. 1 fig. p, pl. 2, fig. c. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS +• +1 +; +64.2689° N +, +24.4347° W +; RP sledge; depth + +213 m + +; 6.85°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2215 +; +IINH 40363 + +• + +3 +; +63.9169° N +, +25.2775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +240 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2221 +; +IINH 40367 + +• + +1 +; +63.9269° N +, +25.2733° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +242 m + +; 6.5°C; 35.1 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2222 +; +IINH 40365 + +• + +1 +; +63.2503° N +, +26.4872° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1209 m + +; 4.09°C; 34.94 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2257 +; +IINH 40366 + +• + +1 +; +63.1406° N +, +24.9908° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +316 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2272 +; +IINH 40364 + +• + +1 +; +63.9333° N +, +10° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +639 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2321 +; +IINH 40270 + +• + +1 +; +63.75° N +, +10.1833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +555 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2325 +; +IINH 40233 + +• + +5 +; +63.25° N +, +22.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +288 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2392 +; +IINH 40271 + +• + +1 +; +63.2514° N +, +22.2033° W +; RP sledge; depth + +291 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2393 +; +IINH 40361 + +• + +1 +; +63.175° N +, +21.8889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +346 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2398 +; +IINH 40362 + +• + +2 +; +63.1306° N +, +21.9422° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +511 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2400 +; +IINH 40368 + +• + +3 +; +63.1278° N +, +22.9083° W +; RP sledge; depth + +520 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2401 +; +IINH 40371 + +• + +1 +; +63.1778° N +, +20.15° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +600 m + +; 6.46°C; 35.08 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2423 +; +IINH 40369 + +• + +8 +; +63.1742° N +, +20.165° W +; RP sledge; depth + +495 m + +; 6.46°C; 35.08 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2424 +; +IINH 40372 + +• + +2 +; +63.0689° N +, +19.8592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1207 m + +; 4.45°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2431 +; +IINH 40373 + +• + +5 +; +63.1667° N +, +21.525° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +448 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2468 +; +IINH 40370 + +• + +1 +; +64.575° N +, +24.5472° W +; RP sledge; depth + +273 m + +; 6.15°C; 35.06 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2713 +; +IINH 40374 + +• + +1 +; +64.6833° N +, +25.6072° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +212 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2869 +; +IINH 40376 + +• + +1 +; +64.9225° N +, +25.7775° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +183 m + +; 6.22°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2978 +; +IINH 40375 + +• + +1 +; +62.5206° N +, +17.9381° W +; +Agassiz trawl +; depth + +1528 m + +; 3.57°C; 35.02 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3517 +; +IINH 40382 + +• + +2 +; +62.9836° N +, +18.1517° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1232 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +12 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3546 +; +IINH 40378 + +• + +1 +; +64.1292° N +, +24.1047° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +291 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3549 +; +IINH 40379 + +• + +7 +; +64.1297° N +, +24.1044° W +; RP sledge; depth + +290 m + +; 7.6°C; 35.18 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3550 +; +IINH 40381 + +• + +1 +; +64.2086° N +, +26.2211° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +334 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +2 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3557 +; +IINH 40380 + +• + +1 +; +64.2106° N +, +26.2117° W +; +Agassiz trawl +; depth + +337 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; 023 + +Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3559 +; +IINH 40377 + +• + +1 +; +63.32° N +, +25.2569° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +296 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3604 +; +IINH 40386 + +• + +2 +; +63.3289° N +, +25.265° W +; RP sledge; depth + +306 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3605 +; +IINH 40384 + +• + +2 +; +63.7533° N +, +25.7064° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +365 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3607 +; +IINH 40383 + +• + +5 +; +63.7567° N +, +25.7097° W +; RP sledge; depth + +366 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3608 +; +IINH 40385 + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, slightly curved to straight, moderately nodular; initial end rounded in megalospheres and only slightly tapering; the microsphere is gradually tapering to a pointed initial end. Length of test +4–5 mm +, the largest +7 mm +; test width +0.3–0.5 mm +. Chambers initially globular to subglobular, becoming slightly more elongated as added; rectilinearly arranged in both generations; number of chambers +5–9 in +megalospheres, +15–21 in +microspheres. Chamber embracement minimal, sutures horizontal. Aperture radial, nearly central, slightly raised, sometimes protruding, with up to 12 symmetric tines that are fused in the center ( +Fig. 2C–D +). Short costae are confined to base of chambers; initial end usually with one or more basal knobs or a short spine. Secondary surface laminations absent (atelo-lamellar). Wall medium thick, finely perforated. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Of the 63 examined specimens, 22 were microspheres. Diameter of proloculus in the megalospheres is about +0.5 mm +, but less than +0.03 mm +in the microsphere. The illustration of the +lectotype +of + +D. antennula + +shows an open, rounded and crenulate aperture, but they also questioned the validity of this species, stating “that the independence of this species remains doubtful” ( +Papp & Schmid 1985 +). Judging from the illustrations it seems that the tip is worn away and it is assumed here that it originally had fused apertural tines as the present specimens. Several names of fossil forms have been erected that seem very similar to + +D. antennula + +, like + +Dentalina capitata +( +Boll, 1846 +) + +described from the Oligocene by +Boll (1846: 177 +, pl. 2 fig. 13a–b); + +Dentalina buchi + +from the Eocene described by +Reuss (1851: 60 +, pl. 3 fig. 6); and + +Dentalina philippii + +also from the Eocene and erected by +Reuss (1851: 60 +, pl. 3, fig. 5). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E780776024043CFE9AB10A2215.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E780776024043CFE9AB10A2215.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a3040e6a528 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E780776024043CFE9AB10A2215.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + +Genus + +Dentalina +Risso, 1826 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Elongate, arcuate, uniserial tests; chambers cylindrical to ovate, sutures oblique; wall calcareous, hyaline radial in structure; aperture terminal and radiate. The generic distinction ( +Loeblich & Tappan 1986 +) between species with a smooth surface of + +Laevidentalina + +and a costate exterior of + +Dentalina + +is not used here, following + +Hayward +et al. +(2012: 109 + +, 236). + +Dentalina + +differs from + +Nodosaria + +in having more oblique than horizontal sutures, and test shape is more arcuate than straight, and more cylindrical than nodular. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E780776026040BFDF9B5272609.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E780776026040BFDF9B5272609.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..381d18232e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E780776026040BFDF9B5272609.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1003 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina antarctica +Parr, 1950 + + + + + + +Fig. 1 + + + + + + + +Dentalina antarctica +Parr, 1950: 329 + + +, pl. 11 figs 26–27. + + + + + +Laevidentalina antarctica + +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 198 + +, 200, pl. 1 fig. e, pl. 3 fig. b. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS +• +3 +; +66.7592° N +, +20.0878° W +; RP sledge; depth + +293 m + +; 3°C; 34.86 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2149 +; +IINH 40405 + +• + +1 +; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 40406 + +• + +1 +; +63.8167° N +, +24.3736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.96°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2229 +; +IINH 40407 + +• + +6 +; +63.4528° N +, +24.6875° W +; RP sledge; depth + +296 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2237 +; +IINH 40408 + +• + +1 +; +63.2528° N +, +25.8286° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +852 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +5 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2251 +; +IINH 40409 + +• + +2 +; +63.1439° N +, +24.9833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +313 m + +; 6.97°C; 35.12 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2273 +; +IINH + +• + +2 +; +63.2506° N +, +22.7936° W +; RP sledge; depth + +263 m + +; 7.12°C; 35.13 ppt; + +10 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2308 +; +IINH 40412 + +• + +1 +; +62.7167° N +, +12.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +803 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2334 +; +IINH 40413 + +• + +2 +; +63.25° N +, +22.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +288 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2392 +; +IINH 40411 + +• + +2 +; +63.2514° N +, +22.2033° W +; RP sledge; depth + +291 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2393 +; +IINH 40410 + +• + +1 +; +63.1306° N +, +21.9422° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +511 m + +; 6.74°C; 35.09 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2400 +; +IINH 40414 + +• + +5 +; +63.175° N +, +20.0692° W +; RP sledge; depth + +778 m + +; 5.5°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2427 +; +IINH 40415 + +• + +2 +; +63.1167° N +, +19.95° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1072 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2429 +; +IINH 39705 + +• + +2 +; +63.1417° N +, +19.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1016 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2430 +; +IINH 39706 + +• + +2 +; +63.0689° N +, +19.8592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1207 m + +; 4.45°C; 34.99 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2431 +; +IINH 40417 + +• + +1 +; +63.2389° N +, +19.5361° W +; RP sledge; depth + +965 m + +; 5.48°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2435 +; +IINH 40418 + +• + +1 +; +63.2667° N +, +20.4° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +138 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2442 +; +IINH 40439 + +• + +2 +; +63.1233° N +, +21.6119° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +647 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.06 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2471 +; +IINH 40416 + +• + +2 +; +64.1722° N +, +27.7194° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1042 m + +; 4.2°C; 34.93 ppt; + +2 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2697 +; +IINH 40421 + +• + +1 +; +64.5167° N +, +25.725° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +358 m + +; 5.59°C; 35.04 ppt; + +6 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2716 +; +IINH 40423 + +• + +1 +; +64.3861° N +, +27.3194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +711 m + +; 6°C; 35.05 ppt; + +7 Sep. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2726 +; +IINH 40422 + +• + +5 +; +63.4183° N +, +16.8444° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 7.21°C; 35.15 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2830 +; +IINH 40426 + +• + +1 +; +62.8394° N +, +18.0117° W +; RP sledge; depth + +976 m + +; 3.26°C; 34.98 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2849 +; +IINH 40427 + +• + +2 +; +61.8394° N +, +16.8906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2270 m + +; 2.37°C; 34.95 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2859 +; +IINH 40425 + +• + +1 +; +61.1717° N +, +18.0492° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2400 m + +; 2.07°C; 34.95 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2863 +; +IINH 40428 + +• + +3 +; +64.6281° N +, +27.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +554 m + +; 6.35°C; 35.06 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2873 +; +IINH 40424 + +• + +1 +; +65.1722° N +, +27.0694° W +; RP sledge; depth + +229 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2884 +; +IINH 40429 + +• + +2 +; +65.0433° N +, +25.8742° W +; RP sledge; depth + +163 m + +; 6.34°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2976 +; +IINH 40441 + +• + +1 +; +64.9225° N +, +25.7775° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +183 m + +; 6.22°C; 35.06 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2978 +; +IINH 40440 + +• + +1 +; +63.7667° N +, +14.85° W +; RP sledge; depth + +216 m + +; 7.67°C; 35.16 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 2994 +; +IINH 40443 + +• + +1; +61.3722° N +, +15.3272° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2133 m + +; 3.29°C; 34.95 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3012 +; +IINH 40431 + +• + +4 +; +63.9969° N +, +14.1558° W +; RP sledge; depth + +221 m + +; 7.59°C; 35.16 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3061 +; +IINH 40438 + +• + +1 +; +63.9981° N +, +14.1561° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +218 m + +; 7.59°C; 35.16 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3062 +; +IINH 40430 + +• + +1 +; +66.4911° N +, +28.0678° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +334 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.78 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3154 +; +IINH 40432 + +• + +2 +; +61.2403° N +, +27.9272° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +1005 m + +; 4.6°C; 34.97 ppt; + +31 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3183 +; +IINH 40433 + +• + +1 +; +63.3289° N +, +25.265° W +; RP sledge; depth + +306 m + +; 7.49°C; 35.17 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3605 +; +IINH 40436 + +• + +1 +; +63.7533° N +, +25.7064° W +; detr. sledge ( +Sneli +); depth + +365 m + +; 7.1°C; 35.15 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3607 +; +IINH 40434 + +• + +1 +; +64.2564° N +, +26.0536° W +; detr. sledge ( +Sneli +); depth + +345 m + +; 6.95°C; 35.14 ppt; + +12 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3613 +; +IINH 40435 + +. + + + + +Fig. 1. + +Dentalina antarctica +Parr, 1950 + +. +A +. Side view of a young microsphere (BIOICE 2149, IINH 40405) with a spiral initial end; light source is a combination of Rotterman contrast and dark field, revealing the perforations with apparent coarse appearance. +B–C +. Side view (B), and apertural view (C) of megalosphere (BIOICE 2237, IINH 40408). +D +. Apertural view of a megalosphere (BIOICE 2697, IINH 40421). Light source in B–D is a combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, nearly cylindrical, slightly curved, rarely straight, somewhat tapering, barely nodular, initial end rounded. Length of test usually +2–3 mm +, the largest +5 mm +; test width commonly +0.5–0.6 mm +. Chambers initially subglobular then cylindrical and more elongated as added; number of chambers often 4–6, the largest specimen has 8. Chamber arrangement rectilinear; initial 3–6 chambers in microsphere are planispiral and evolute, forming about half of a whorl ( +Fig. 1A +). Initial chambers embrace about half of the previous chambers, later embracement is minimal; sutures are oblique. Aperture radial, nearly central, slightly raised, with variable number (11–19) of symmetrically arranged tines, sometimes partly fused in the center ( +Fig. 1C +); rarely converging around central opening ( +Fig. 1D +). Surface smooth, without secondary surface laminations (atelo-lamellar). Wall finely perforated, medium thick, semitransparent, rarely thin. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +The +type +description states that “aperture is large and circular, with a radiate edge,” probably because the aperture is damaged. In many of the examined specimens the tip of the aperture is broken, resulting in a round opening with a jagged rim. +Type +description and figures conform otherwise to the present material, although +type +locality is the Antarctic. The citation of + +Nodosaria + + +( +D +.) +communis + +in +Brady (1884) +as synonym in +Eiland & Guðmundsson (2004) +is a mistake, as this reference is accepted as + +Dentalina aphelis +( +Loeblich & Tappan, 1986 +) ( +Jones 1994 +) + +, which differs from + +D. antarctica + +in being much more tapering and curved; aperture is conical and protruding, with radial bars fused in the center ( +Loeblich & Tappan 1986 +). + + +The initial part in both generations of the species + +Marginulina similis +d’Orbigny, 1846 + +is slightly but not fully coiled, and resembles + +D. antarctica + +in shape. The species + +M. similis + +was not found in the present material, although it has been recorded in the North Atlantic and off the British Isles ( +Cushman 1923 +) under the name + +Marginulina glabra +d’Orbigny, 1826 + +. + + +Four microspheric specimens were found among the 70 examined specimens of the present material. Diameter of proloculus in megalospheres is about +0.25 mm +, but less than +0.02 mm +in the microspheres. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7807A602F041FFE03B21A245B.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7807A602F041FFE03B21A245B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..35825c5b8e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7807A602F041FFE03B21A245B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,4032 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina elegans +d’Orbigny, 1846 + + + + + + +Fig. 3 + + + + + + + +Dentalina elegans +d’Orbigny, 1846: 45 + + +, pl. 1 figs 52–56. + + + + + + +Dentalina pauperata +d’Orbigny, 1846: 46 + + +, pl. 1 figs 57–58. + + + + +Nodosaria pauperata +– + +Goës 1894 +(part): 68–69, pl. 12 figs 673, 677–684, 688 (only). — +Cushman +1923: 72, pl. 14 fig. 13. + + + +Dentalina elegans +– + +Papp & Schmid 1985: 28 +(nr. 21), pl. 10 figs 1–5. + + + +Dentalina pauperata +– + +Papp & Schmid 1985: 28–29 +(nr. 22), pl. 10 figs 6–8. — +Loeblich & Tappan +1953: 57, pl. 9 figs 7–9. + + + +non + +Nodosaria communis +( +d’Orbigny, 1826 +) + +– + +Cushman 1923: 73–74 + +, pl. 12 figs 3–4, 15–17. + + + + +non + +Laevidentalina frobisherensis +( +Loeblich & Tappan, 1953 +) + +– +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004 +(part): + +200, 202, pl. 1 fig. d, pl. 4 figs f–j, pl. 5 figs b–d (only). + + +non + +Laevidentalina baggi +(Galloway & Wissler, 1927) + +– +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 198 +, pl. 1 fig. a, pl. 3 fig. a. + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +BARENTS SEA +• 2; +81.6667° N +, +26.0339° W +; epibenthic dredge; depth + +2400 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +19 Jul. 1980 + +; Ymer 80 +MB10 +; +IINH 21165 + +• + +3 +; +82.3522° N +, +25.3186° W +; epibenthic dredge; depth + +3920 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +16 Jul. 1980 + +; Ymer 80 +MB8 +; +IINH 21158 + +• + +17 +; +81.8347° N +, +26.5692° W +; epibenthic dredge; depth + +3270 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +18 Jul. 1980 + +; Ymer 80 +MB9 +; +IINH 21154 + +. + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS +• +1 +; +65.5061° N +, +11.3958° W +; RP sledge; depth + +619 m + +; -0.36°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2010 +; +IINH 39510 + +• + +1 +; +65.5856° N +, +11.2839° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +769 m + +; -0.42°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2012 +; +IINH 39511 + +• + +15 +; +65.6953° N +, +11.0106° W +; RP sledge; depth + +978 m + +; -0.41°C; unknown; + +20 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2014 +; +IINH 39606 + +• + +1 +; +65.9853° N +, +10.7419° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1195 m + +; -0.79°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2015 +; +IINH 39512 + +• + +15 +; +66.5769° N +, +11.2303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1390 m + +; -0.82°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2018 +; +IINH 39513 + +• + +2 +; +66.5547° N +, +12.1989° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1253 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +21 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2019 +; +IINH 39605 + +• + +9 +; +66.6278° N +, +12.1542° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1314 m + +; -0.86°C; unknown; + +22 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2020 +; +IINH 39514 + +• + +5 +; +67.2061° N +, +13.3494° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1648 m + +; -0.76°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2027 +; +IINH 39604 + +• + +4 +; +67.0581° N +, +13.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +931 m + +; -0.56°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2029 +; +IINH 39603 + +• + +1 +; +67.0081° N +, +13.4403° W +; RP sledge; depth + +831 m + +; -0.55°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2030 +; +IINH 39602 + +• + +2 +; +66.9225° N +, +13.5181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +552 m + +; -0.54°C; unknown; + +23 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2033 +; +IINH 39601 + +• + +12 +; +66.3647° N +, +13.4856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +310 m + +; 1.3°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2040 +; +IINH 39600 + +• + +6 +; +65.7792° N +, +13.9722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +229 m + +; 2.6°C; unknown; + +24 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2045 +; +IINH 39599 + +• + +4 +; +65.7781° N +, +13.8894° W +; RP sledge; depth + +236 m + +; 2.6°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2046 +; +IINH 39598 + +• + +12 +; +65.7025° N +, +12.8833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +272 m + +; 1.96°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2047 +; +IINH 39597 + +• + +1 +; +65.6531° N +, +12.3583° W +; RP sledge; depth + +247 m + +; 1.2°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2049 +; +IINH 39596 + +• + +2 +; +65.3003° N +, +13.7408° W +; RP sledge; depth + +82 m + +; 4.1°C; unknown; + +25 Jul. 1991 + +; +BIOICE 2053 +; +IINH 39595 + +• + +6 +; +66.4583° N +, +16.8906° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +243 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2057 +; +IINH 39594 + +• + +8 +; +66.1586° N +, +17.6069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +198 m + +; 3.8°C; 34.85 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2065 +; +IINH 39515 + +• + +4 +; +66.5708° N +, +17.73° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +485 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2069 +; +IINH 39516 + +• + +45 +; +66.5711° N +, +17.7425° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; 0.52°C; 34.8 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2070 +; +IINH 39517 + +• + +2 +; +67.2014° N +, +17.5344° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +563 m + +; -0.42°C; 34.7 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2075 +; +IINH 39593 + +• + +8 +; +67.6808° N +, +17.1772° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1048 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2077 +; +IINH 39592 + +• + +9 +; +67.6719° N +, +17.2008° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1046 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.85 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2079 +; +IINH 39750 + +• + +10 +; +67.375° N +, +17.3847° W +; RP sledge; depth + +893 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.84 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2081 +; +IINH 39518 + +• + +11 +; +67.3675° N +, +17.4092° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +894 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.84 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2082 +; +IINH 39519 + +• + +4 +; +67.2756° N +, +17.4272° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +755 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.86 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2086 +; +IINH 39520 + +• + +18 +; +67.2614° N +, +17.455° W +; RP sledge; depth + +735 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.86 ppt; + +4 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2087 +; +IINH 39521 + +• + +3 +; +67.1939° N +, +17.7789° W +; RP sledge; depth + +405 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.86 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2091 +; +IINH 39522 + +• + +1 +; +67.2069° N +, +17.7583° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +407 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.86 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2093 +; +IINH 39523 + +• + +1 +; +67.0342° N +, +17.5717° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +303 m + +; 1.67°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2094 +; +IINH 39749 + +• + +8 +; +68.0017° N +, +19.4239° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1141 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.88 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2100 +; +IINH 39524 + +• + +2 +; +67.8372° N +, +19.5581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +905 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2107 +; +IINH 39752 + +• + +3 +; +67.7253° N +, +19.5083° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +588 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +6 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2111 +; +IINH 39525 + +• + +16 +; +67.7292° N +, +19.4722° W +; RP sledge; depth + +603 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2113 +; +IINH 39526 + +• + +15 +; +67.7047° N +, +19.4669° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2114 +; +IINH 39529 + +• + +26 +; +67.7° N +, +19.4397° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2116 +; +IINH 39753 + +• + +32 +; +67.4756° N +, +19.5386° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +405 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2117 +; +IINH 39527 + +• + +3 +; +67.4897° N +, +19.5528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +393 m + +; -0.25°C; 34.86 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2118 +; +IINH 39531 + +• + +7 +; +67.1189° N +, +19.8775° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2119 +; +IINH 39532 + +• + +25 +; +67.1275° N +, +19.9042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +280 m + +; 0.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2121 +; +IINH 39530 + +• + +24 +; +67.1858° N +, +19.5672° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +346 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2122 +; +IINH 39533 + +• + +26 +; +67.1839° N +, +19.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +347 m + +; 0.15°C; 34.84 ppt; + +7 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2124 +; +IINH 39617 + +• + +15 +; +66.7744° N +, +18.7042° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +678 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2129 +; +IINH 39618 + +• + +15 +; +66.7661° N +, +18.7081° W +; RP sledge; depth + +660 m + +; -0.08°C; 34.86 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2131 +; +IINH 39619 + +• + +7 +; +66.7514° N +, +18.925° W +; RP sledge; depth + +492 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.85 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2132 +; +IINH 39620 + +• + +2 +; +66.7436° N +, +18.9589° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +418 m + +; 0.58°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2135 +; +IINH 39534 + +• + +1 +; +66.7322°N +, +18.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +417 m + +; 0.58°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2136 +; +IINH 39754 + +• + +8 +; +66.7197° N +, +19.3303° W +; RP sledge; depth + +297 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2137 +; +IINH 39535 + +• + +3 +; +66.7128° N +, +19.3186° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 2.11°C; 34.83 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2139 +; +IINH 39528 + +• + +10 +; +66.8586° N +, +20.1614° W +; RP sledge; depth + +399 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2143 +; +IINH 39536 + +• + +11 +; +66.8581° N +, +20.1603° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +398 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +8 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2145 +; +IINH 39537 + +• + +3 +; +66.7592° N +, +20.0878° W +; RP sledge; depth + +293 m + +; 3°C; 34.86 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2149 +; +IINH 39538 + +• + +4 +; +66.45° N +, +19.5969° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +294 m + +; 4.51°C; 34.93 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2162 +; +IINH 39539 + +• + +10 +; +66.4369° N +, +18.8214° W +; RP sledge; depth + +437 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2172 +; +IINH 39540 + +• + +3 +; +66.4436° N +, +18.8192° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +425 m + +; 0.55°C; 34.83 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2174 +; +IINH 39541 + +• + +1 +; +66.3758° N +, +18.3069° W +; RP sledge; depth + +100 m + +; 5.5°C; 34.82 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2178 +; +IINH 39542 + +• + +1 +; +64.2158° N +, +25.2883° W +; RP sledge; depth + +265 m + +; 6.36°C; 35.09 ppt; + +3 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2219 +; +IINH 39755 + +• + +5 +; +64.1° N +, +9.05° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +991 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2315 +; +IINH 39446 + +• + +2 +; +64.1167° N +, +9.05° W +; RP sledge; depth + +996 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2317 +; +IINH 39544 + +• + +2 +; +64.0333° N +, +9.6167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +772 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2318 +; +IINH 39545 + +• + +2 +; +64.0167° N +, +9.6167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +776 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +2 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2319 +; +IINH 39629 + +• + +6 +; +63.9333° N +, +10° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +639 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2321 +; +IINH 39546 + +• + +2 +; +63.75° N +, +10.1833° W +; RP sledge; depth + +555 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2325 +; +IINH 39547 + +• + +3 +; +63.0833° N +, +11.35° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +453 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2329 +; +IINH 39548 + +• + +6 +; +63.0833° N +, +11.3333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +453 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +3 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2330 +; +IINH 39549 + +• + +5 +; +62.7167° N +, +12.7167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +803 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +4 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2334 +; +IINH 39550 + +• + +1 +; +62.4667° N +, +12.9° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1105 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2335 +; +IINH 39551 + +• + +1 +; +62.1333° N +, +13.3333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1302 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +5 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2340 +; +IINH 39552 + +• + +1 +; +64.2833° N +, +10.8333° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +394 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2359 +; +IINH 39553 + +• + +12 +; +64.2833° N +, +10.8167° W +; RP sledge; depth + +391 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2360 +; +IINH 39554 + +• + +3 +; +64.45° N +, +10.45° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +498 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2361 +; +IINH 39555 + +• + +8 +; +64.4833° N +, +10.4333° W +; RP sledge; depth + +495 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +7 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2362 +; +IINH 39556 + +• + +3 +; +64.75° N +, +10.5167° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +449 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +8 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2371 +; +IINH 39557 + +• + +5 +; +64.8667° N +, +11.4333° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +476 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +9 May 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2372 +; +IINH 39558 + +• + +1 +; +65.0167° N +, +12° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +195 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2373 +; +IINH 39559 + +• + +1 +; +64.3167° N +, +12.4833° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +310 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2379 +; +IINH 39560 + +• + +1 +; +64.3333° N +, +12.45° W +; +Triangle dredge +; depth + +403 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +10 May1993 + +; +BIOICE 2380 +; +IINH 39561 + +• + +1 +; +63.0417° N +, +21.8556° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +802 m + +; 5.49°C; 35.03 ppt; + +1 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2404 +; +IINH 39633 + +• + +1 +; +62.7556° N +, +21.5667° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1171 m + +; 4.17°C; 34.98 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2413 +; +IINH 39562 + +• + +1 +; +63.175° N +, +20.0692° W +; RP sledge; depth + +778 m + +; 5.5°C; 35.03 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2427 +; +IINH 39669 + +• + +5 +; +63.1167° N +, +19.95° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1072 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2429 +; +IINH 39636 + +• + +2 +; +63.1417° N +, +19.9556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1016 m + +; 4.8°C; 35 ppt; + +3 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2430 +; +IINH 39635 + +• + +1 +; +63.0686° N +, +21.5911° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +791 m + +; 5.54°C; 35.03 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2474 +; +IINH 39632 + +• + +2 +; +63.0722° N +, +21.5917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +842 m + +; 5.54°C; 35.03 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2475 +; +IINH 39634 + +• + +2 +; +66.6094° N +, +23.9836° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +226 m + +; 5.61°C; 35.01 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2526 +; +IINH 39543 + +• + +7; +66.2728° N +, +22.9525° W +; + +Triangle dredge + +; depth + + +77 m + + +; 4.83°C; 34.6 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2551 +; +IINH 39564 + +• + +1; +67.0522° N +, +23.9881° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +370 m + +; -0.15°C; 34.85 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2570 +; +IINH 39565 + +• + +7; +67.1014° N +, +24.0992° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +495 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2572 +; +IINH 39566 + +• + +10; +67.1097° N +, +24.085° W +; RP sledge; depth + +489 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.86 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2573 +; +IINH 39567 + +• + +1; +67.1042° N +, +24.7242° W +; RP sledge; depth + +996 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2579 +; +IINH 39568 + +• + +1; +67.6083° N +, +22.3897° W +; RP sledge; depth + +605 m + +; -0.54°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2583 +; +IINH 39563 + +• + +11; +67.4214° N +, +22.4072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2585 +; +IINH 39569 + +• + +3; +67.4181° N +, +22.4347° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +450 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2586 +; +IINH 39570 + +• + +7; +67.3406° N +, +22.5425° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +356 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2588 +; +IINH 39571 + +• + +8; +67.3381° N +, +22.5525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +355 m + +; -0.47°C; 34.87 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2589 +; +IINH 39572 + +• + +2; +67.2147° N +, +22.4294° W +; RP sledge; depth + +333 m + +; 0.12°C; 34.84 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2591 +; +IINH 39638 + +• + +5; +67.0028° N +, +22.5714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +203 m + +; 5.41°C; 34.99 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2595 +; +IINH 39637 + +• + +1; +66.6539° N +, +20.9364° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +335 m + +; 1.49°C; 34.76 ppt; + +17 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2601 +; +IINH 39573 + +• + +38; +66.9417° N +, +17.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +433 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2603 +; +IINH 39574 + +• + +27; +66.9344° N +, +17.9397° W +; RP sledge; depth + +435 m + +; -0.31°C; 34.89 ppt; + +10 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2606 +; +IINH 39575 + +• + +4; +67.1375° N +, +17.0306° W +; RP sledge; depth + +362 m + +; -0.36°C; 34.89 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2613 +; +IINH 39660 + +• + +3; +67.2761° N +, +16.6592° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +597 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2618 +; +IINH 39661 + +• + +13; +67.5758° N +, +16.5406° W +; RP sledge; depth + +894 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +11 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2622 +; +IINH 39663 + +• + +2; +67.4331° N +, +16.1753° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2626 +; +IINH 39576 + +• + +70; +67.4286° N +, +16.1703° W +; RP sledge; depth + +748 m + +; -0.56°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2627 +; +IINH 39654 + +• + +4; +67.3364° N +, +16.1194° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +602 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2629 +; +IINH 39577 + +• + +18; +67.3894° N +, +15.9775° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +699 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2631 +; +IINH 39578 + +• + +6; +67.5044° N +, +15.8069° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +795 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.9 ppt; + +12 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2634 +; +IINH 39662 + +• + +4; +67.8189° N +, +15.505° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1009 m + +; -0.59°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2638 +; +IINH 39659 + +• + +2; +67.9364° N +, +15.3725° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1097 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2640 +; +IINH 39579 + +• + +2; +67.9419° N +, +15.3581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1098 m + +; -0.61°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2642 +; +IINH 39664 + +• + +5; +68.0208° N +, +15.2519° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1202 m + +; -0.64°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2644 +; +IINH 39580 + +• + +5; +68.0922° N +, +15.3258° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1304 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +13 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2647 +; +IINH 39581 + +• + +25; +68.0858° N +, +15.3181° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1306 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2648 +; +IINH 39582 + +• + +13; +67.6103° N +, +15.1283° W +; RP sledge; depth + +910 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.91 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2652 +; +IINH 39665 + +• + +25; +67.3° N +, +14.9581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +549 m + +; -0.55°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2655 +; +IINH 39583 + +• + +1; +67.2389° N +, +15.4706° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +262 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2659 +; +IINH 39584 + +• + +4; +67.2447° N +, +15.4783° W +; RP sledge; depth + +277 m + +; 2.69°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2660 +; +IINH 39653 + +• + +3; +67.2258° N +, +16.1578° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +350 m + +; -0.03°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2662 +; +IINH 39658 + +• + +20; +67.0561° N +, +16.2747° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2664 +; +IINH 39585 + +• + +5; +67.0528° N +, +16.2847° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +384 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2665 +; +IINH 39586 + +• + +15; +67.0575° N +, +16.2675° W +; RP sledge; depth + +382 m + +; 0.07°C; 34.88 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2666 +; +IINH 39657 + +• + +5; +66.9989° N +, +15.7606° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +187 m + +; 2.55°C; 34.87 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2668 +; +IINH 39656 + +• + +2; +66.8389° N +, +16.2706° W +; RP sledge; depth + +227 m + +; 2.78°C; 34.89 ppt; + +15 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2673 +; +IINH 39655 + +• + +4; +66.2558° N +, +17.3339° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +178 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2681 +; +IINH 39589 + +• + +1; +66.2594° N +, +17.3356° W +; RP sledge; depth + +181 m + +; 3.82°C; 34.88 ppt; + +16 Jul. 1994 + +; +BIOICE 2682 +; +IINH 39590 + +• + +6; +67.0908° N +, +20.1411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +284 m + +; -0.01°C; 34.86 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2736 +; +IINH 39732 + +• + +7; +67.3208° N +, +19.7114° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +352 m + +; -0.38°C; 34.88 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2737 +; +IINH 39729 + +• + +7; +67.6439° N +, +20.2722° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +503 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2740 +; +IINH 39727 + +• + +11; +67.6583° N +, +20.2411° W +; RP sledge; depth + +514 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.89 ppt; + +30 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2741 +; +IINH 39725 + +• + +3; +67.7775° N +, +20.7875° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +778 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.89 ppt; + +31 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2747 +; +IINH 39723 + +• + +3; +68.0203° N +, +20.6578° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +970 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.89 ppt; + +31 Jul. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2749 +; +IINH 39721 + +• + +6; +67.93° N +, +17.7072° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1130 m + +; -0.53°C; 34.89 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2762 +; +IINH 39717 + +• + +4; +68.1083° N +, +17.5347° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1220 m + +; -0.52°C; 34.89 ppt; + +1 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2765 +; +IINH 39719 + +• + +7; +69.2614° N +, +14.2172° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1633 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2772 +; +IINH 39728 + +• + +20; +69.2581° N +, +14.2811° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1629 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2773 +; +IINH 39724 + +• + +1; +68.6028° N +, +14.6756° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1553 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2776 +; +IINH 39722 + +• + +6; +68.6222° N +, +14.6861° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1556 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +3 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2777 +; +IINH 39730 + +• + +8; +68.345° N +, +15.7858° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1413 m + +; -0.74°C; 34.89 ppt; + +4 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2779 +; +IINH 39726 + +• + +25; +67.4156° N +, +18.2417° W +; RP sledge; depth + +693 m + +; -0.41°C; 34.88 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2786 +; +IINH 39718 + +• + +3; +67.36° N +, +18.3344° W +; RP sledge; depth + +561 m + +; -0.29°C; 34.87 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2787 +; +IINH 39731 + +• + +2; +67.2547° N +, +18.8669° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +480 m + +; 0.01°C; 34.85 ppt; + +5 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2792 +; +IINH 39720 + +• + +5; +62.3472° N +, +16.9917° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2074 m + +; 2.34°C; 34.96 ppt; + +29 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2856 +; +IINH 39591 + +• + +1; +65.3908° N +, +28.3575° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1057 m + +; 4.78°C; 34.98 ppt; + +24 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2904 +; +IINH 39807 + +• + +10; +67.3264° N +, +21.1819° W +; RP sledge; depth + +314 m + +; 0.23°C; 34.86 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3104 +; +IINH 39811 + +• + +3; +67.3219° N +, +20.7528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +328 m + +; -0.21°C; 34.88 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3108 +; +IINH 39820 + +• + +25; +67.5253° N +, +20.1039° W +; RP sledge; depth + +439 m + +; -0.51°C; 34.89 ppt; + +21 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3110 +; +IINH 39822 + +• + +2; +67.705° N +, +19.7986° W +; RP sledge; depth + +611 m + +; -0.57°C; 34.89 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3115 +; +IINH 39812 + +• + +1; +68.0736° N +, +18.1103° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +748 m + +; -0.28°C; 34.88 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3121 +; +IINH 39816 + +• + +15; +68.1561° N +, +17.9856° W +; RP sledge; depth + +875 m + +; -0.48°C; 34.89 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3124 +; +IINH 39814 + +• + +3; +68.7325° N +, +16.5853° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1715 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +23Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3127 +; +IINH 39810 + +• + +6; +68.2575° N +, +20.0189° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1112 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +24 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3136 +; +IINH 39818 + +• + +4; +67.875° N +, +22.2581° W +; RP sledge; depth + +768 m + +; -0.46°C; 34.89 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3140 +; +IINH 40094 + +• + +1; +67.2194° N +, +24.9389° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1223 m + +; unknown; unknown; + +25 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3146 +; +IINH 39821 + +• + +1; +66.8842° N +, +26.9342° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +434 m + +; 0.06°C; 34.86 ppt; + +26 Aug. 1999 + +; +BIOICE 3149 +; +IINH 39819 + +• + +1; +62.6189° N +, +23.3719° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1250 m + +; 3.61°C; 34.99 ppt; + +25 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3161 +; +IINH 39817 + +• + +1; +60.9264° N +, +22.7897° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +1898 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3166 +; +IINH 39813 + +• + +2; +60.9244° N +, +22.7906° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1897 m + +; 2.98°C; 34.99 ppt; + +26 Jul. 2000 + +; +BIOICE 3167 +; +IINH 39815 + +• + +15; +65.6508° N +, +9.1203° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +818 m + +; -0.58°C; 34.9 ppt; + +7 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3194 +; +IINH 39809 + +• + +30; +65.5139° N +, +8.525° W +; RP sledge; depth + +935 m + +; -0.63°C; 34.9 ppt; + +8 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3198 +; +IINH 39808 + +• + +7; +64.8508° N +, +7.8686° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +2612 m + +; -0.83°C; 34.91 ppt; + +8 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3203 +; +IINH 39825 + +• + +3; +66.235° N +, +6.8714° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2544 m + +; -0.87°C; 34.91 ppt; + +9 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3210 +; +IINH 39823 + +• + +2; +67.1072° N +, +7.4533° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2014 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3216 +; +IINH 39824 + +• + +25; +67.2553° N +, +8.4683° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1642 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3219 +; +IINH 39827 + +• + +4; +67.9047° N +, +8.1094° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1525 m + +; -0.83°C; 34.91 ppt; + +11 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3222 +; +IINH 39826 + +• + +1; +68.5794° N +, +8.2653° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1993 m + +; -0.86°C; 34.91 ppt; + +12 Jul. 2001 + +; +BIOICE 3225 +; +IINH 39828 + +• + +1; +62.4331° N +, +19.7708° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1780 m + +; 2.93°C; 35 ppt; + +4 Sep. 2002 + +; +BIOICE 3514 +; +IINH 39829 + +• + +1; +63.5061° N +, +29.6444° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2233 m + +; 3.14°C; 34.92 ppt; + +5 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3571 +; +IINH 39830 + +• + +3; +66.4942° N +, +9.7556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1475 m + +; -0.78°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3621 +; +IINH 39846 + +• + +5; +66.9967° N +, +8.8203° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1628 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +14 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3624 +; +IINH 39840 + +• + +3; +66.9842° N +, +8.8017° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1630 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3625 +; +IINH 39841 + +• + +5; +67.3369° N +, +9.5583° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1616 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3627 +; +IINH 39842 + +• + +5; +67.3314° N +, +9.5544° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1609 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +15 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3628 +; +IINH 39848 + +• + +2; +67.9378° N +, +8.2747° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1481 m + +; -0.84°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3629 +; +IINH 39847 + +• + +2; +68.0133° N +, +9.2539° W +; Agassiz trawl; depth + +1859 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3631 +; +IINH 39845 + +• + +5; +68.0256° N +, +9.255° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1727 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +16 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3632 +; +IINH 39843 + +• + +7; +68.4589° N +, +10.1542° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2069 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +17 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3637 +; +IINH 39849 + +• + +2; +67.9675° N +, +10.0503° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1915 m + +; -0.82°C; 34.9 ppt; + +18 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3640 +; +IINH 39850 + +• + +3; +66.9856° N +, +10.7206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1450 m + +; -0.77°C; 34.92 ppt; + +19 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3641 +; +IINH 39835 + +• + +4; +67.4061° N +, +10.6831° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1703 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.91 ppt; + +21 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3645 +; +IINH 39837 + +• + +7; +68.9528° N +, +10.5556° W +; RP sledge; depth + +2215 m + +; -0.79°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3648 +; +IINH 39844 + +• + +5; +69.0667° N +, +13.5736° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1678 m + +; -0.81°C; 34.9 ppt; + +22 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3652 +; +IINH 39836 + +• + +5; +68.6933° N +, +14.3206° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1489 m + +; -0.8°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3655 +; +IINH 39832 + +• + +2; +68.7864° N +, +15.3186° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1492 m + +; -0.72°C; 34.9 ppt; + +23 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3656 +; +IINH 39834 + +• + +4; +68.005° N +, +18.8106° W +; RP sledge; depth + +1018 m + +; -0.6°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3658 +; +IINH 39838 + +• + +1; +67.6583° N +, +20.0344° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +505 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3662 +; +IINH 39833 + +• + +4; +67.6561° N +, +20.0778° W +; RP sledge; depth + +493 m + +; -0.5°C; 34.9 ppt; + +24 Jul. 2004 + +; +BIOICE 3663 +; +IINH 39831 + + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate, cylindrical, somewhat tapering, slightly nodular, more so in the latest chambers, initial end rounded, distinctly curved, rarely almost straight. Length of test +3–4 mm +, the largest +5 mm +; test width +0.4–0.6 mm +. Chambers subglobular, sometimes slightly cylindrical in later chambers, rectilinearly arranged, embracement minimal, distinctly to slightly curved; number of chambers usually 4–7, at most 9. In microspheres, the initial 3–5 chambers are wound in about half of an evolute planispiral ( +Fig. 3A +). Sutures horizontal. About 90% of the specimens have a basal knob or short spine, exterior otherwise smooth. Secondary surface laminations cover the whole test (ortho-lamellar) or only part of the test (plesio-lamellar). Aperture radial, nearly central, slightly raised or protruding, with up to 12 symmetrically arranged tines, that are fused in the center. Wall thick and finely perforated. + + + + +Fig. 3. + +Dentalina elegans +d’Orbigny, 1846 + +. +A +. Microsphere (BIOICE 2542, IINH 39684) with a spiral chamber arrangement at initial end; light source a combination of Rotterman contrast and dark field, resulting in a coarse appearance. +B +. Megalosphere (Biocie 2362, IINH 39758), side view showing surface edges of the secondary surface laminations. +C–D +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3627, IINH 39842) aperture (C) stained with indigo blue and same specimen with a short spine at initial end (D). +E–F +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 2049, IINH 39697), aperture (E) stained with indigo blue and side view (F). Light source in B–F is a combination of incident light and dark field. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Of the 1364 examined specimens of + +D. elegans + +, 6 were microspheres. Diameter of proloculus in the megalospheres is +0.2–0.4 mm +, but < +0.05 mm +in the microsphere. + +Dentalina elegans + +was tacitly considered to be a megalospheric form of + +D +. +frobisherensis +( +Grønlund & Hansen 1976 +) + +, since the morphology of the adult chambers is very similar. The species + +Dentalina baggi + +was distinguished from + +Dentalina elegans +( +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004 +) + +, stating that the test of the former had less inflated chambers, and that it lacks a prolocular spine, but noted though that about 10% of + +D. elegans + +also had no prolocular spine. The added material from the BIOICE renders this distinction arbitrary for the material at hand, as variation in test width and chamber inflation overlaps in specimens with or without a prolocular spine. It seems that forms identified here as + +D. elegans + +are relatively common in the North Atlantic and may have been reported under several names. The species + +Nodosaria advena + +, first described by +Cushman (1923) +off the northeast coast of +USA +seems to have a nearly identical morphology as the present + +D. elegans + +but differs only in being much larger viz up to +7 mm +in length. Specimens under the name + +Nodosaria advena + +have been reported from the North Sea ( +Gabel 1971 +), off +Scotland +and the +Faroe Islands +( +Cushman 1923 +) and in Late Quaternary deposits in the Oslofjord area, +Norway +( +Feyling-Hanssen 1964 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/87/165687E7807C60300466FBA0B3532611.xml b/data/16/56/87/165687E7807C60300466FBA0B3532611.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..653677f1fdd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/87/165687E7807C60300466FBA0B3532611.xml @@ -0,0 +1,589 @@ + + + +Taxonomy and distribution of recent species of the subfamily Nodosariinae (Foraminifera) in Icelandic waters + + + +Author + +Guðmundsson, Guðmundur +549A4431-BF52-47A4-8998-FCF7A19FFAEC +Icelandic Institute of Natural History, Urridaholtsstraeti 6 - 8, IS- 210 Gardabaer, Iceland. Aarhus University, Department of Biology, Section of Aquatic Biology, Building 1135, Ole Worms allé 1, DK- 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, The faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, P. O. Box 1066 Blindern, N- 0316 Oslo, Norway. +gg@ni.is + + + +Author + +Cedhagen, Tomas +18F16A0B-FF60-488A-B4A6-A2D84BFA7378 +cedhagen@bio.au.dk + + + +Author + +Andersen, Tom +24AFF10A-C75D-4CF2-8465-B5DFC510BA5D +tom.andersen@ibv.uio.no + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2022 + +2022-06-20 + + +824 + + +1 + + +1 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 + +journal article +82888 +10.5852/ejt.2022.824.1827 +d38feefc-41b2-4ff9-b934-b96883e8fa28 +2118-9773 +6686725 +FD730CE0-96B9-492F-A9BF-B6ABBA755959 + + + + + + +Dentalina filiformis +( +d’Orbigny, 1826 +) + + + + + + +Fig. 4 + + + + + + + +Nodosaria +( +Nodosaire +) +filiformis +d’Orbigny, 1826: 35 + + +, no.14. + + + + + +Dentalina filiformis + +– + + +Parker +et al. +1871: 156 + + +, pl. 9 fig. 48. (cit. “Orthocera filiforma aut capillaria” Soldani, Testographia vol. 2, 1798: 35, fig. e). — +Jones 1994 +(part): 74, pl. 63 fig. 4 (only). + + + + + +Nodosaria filiformis + +– + +Cushman 1913: 55 + +, pl. 27 figs 1–4; 1923: 76–77, pl. 12 figs 1–2. + + + + + +Laevidentalia filiformis + +– + +Eiland & Guðmundsson 2004: 200 + +, pl. 1 fig. b, pl. 3 fig. c. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +BARENTS SEA +• 1; +71.5908° N +, +17.7586°E +; large Van Veen grab; depth + +293 m + +; 6.4°C; 35.191 ppt; + +23 Sep. 2009 + +; +MAREANO-2009111 +R457-141 +; +IINH 40459 +. + + + + +Fig. 4. + +Dentalina filiformis +( +d’Orbigny, 1826 +) + +. +A–B +. Megalosphere (BIOICE 3600, IINH 40457), side view (B) and aperture (A) stained with indigo blue. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. + + + + +ICELANDIC WATERS +• 1; +63.72° N +, +24.4217° W +; RP sledge; depth + +209 m + +; 6.98°C; 35.11 ppt; + +4 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2233 +; +IINH 40445 + +• + +1 +; +63.1514° N +, +25.2683° W +; RP sledge; depth + +546 m + +; 6.52°C; 35.09 ppt; + +8 Sep. 1992 + +; +BIOICE 2265 +; +IINH 40419 + +• + +1 +; +63.7583° N +, +22.3528° W +; RP sledge; depth + +104 m + +; 7.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2385 +; +IINH 40446 + +• + +1 +; +63.25° N +, +22.2° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +288 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2392 +; +IINH 40420 + +• + +1 +; +63.2514° N +, +22.2033° W +; RP sledge; depth + +291 m + +; 6.92°C; 35.1 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2393 +; +IINH 40442 + +• + +1 +; +63.175° N +, +21.8889° W +; RP sledge; depth + +346 m + +; 7.06°C; 35.11 ppt; + +30 Jun. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2398 +; +IINH 40444 + +• + +1 +; +63.1333° N +, +20.6667° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +300 m + +; 7.02°C; 35.11 ppt; + +2 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2420 +; +IINH 40360 + +• + +1 +; +63.2611° N +, +21.2389° W +; RP sledge; depth + +180 m + +; 7.24°C; 35.11 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2466 +; +IINH 40449 + +• + +2 +; +63.1233° N +, +21.6119° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +647 m + +; 6.09°C; 35.06 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1993 + +; +BIOICE 2471 +; +IINH 40447 + +• + +2; +63.4167° N +, +16.8458° W +; detr. sledge ( +Sneli +); depth + + +277 m + + +; 7.21°C; 35.15 ppt; + +25 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2829 +; +IINH 40451 + +• + +1; +62.8394° N +, +18.0117° W +; RP sledge; depth + +976 m + +; 3.26°C; 34.98 ppt; + +27 Aug. 1995 + +; +BIOICE 2849 +; +IINH 40452 + +• + +1; +64.5767° N +, +27.6106° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +775 m + +; 6.05°C; 35.03 ppt; + +22 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2876 +; +IINH 40460 + +• + +3; +65.1722° N +, +27.0694° W +; RP sledge; depth + +229 m + +; 6.14°C; 35.06 ppt; + +23 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2884 +; +IINH 40450 + +• + +1; +65.1333° N +, +23.6° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +121 m + +; 7.97°C; 34.93 ppt; + +30 Aug. 1996 + +; +BIOICE 2965 +; +IINH 40453 + +• + +1; +63.7667° N +, +14.85° W +; RP sledge; depth + +216 m + +; 7.67°C; 35.16 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 2994 +; +IINH 40454 + +• + +1; +63.5747° N +, +14.9247° W +; Triangle dredge; depth + +682 m + +; 4.73°C; 35.02 ppt; + +5 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3001 +; +IINH 40456 + +• + +1; +64.0397° N +, +13.5747° W +; RP sledge; depth + +135 m + +; 7.84°C; 35.13 ppt; + +9 Jul. 1997 + +; +BIOICE 3046 +; +IINH 40455 + +• + +1; +62.7019° N +, +25.4619° W +; detr. sledge (Sneli); depth + +622 m + +; 7.11°C; 35.14 ppt; + +10 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3600 +; +IINH 40457 + +• + +1; +62.7039° N +, +25.4561° W +; RP sledge; depth + +624 m + +; 7.11°C; 35.14 ppt; + +11 Sep. 2003 + +; +BIOICE 3601 +; +IINH 40458 + + + + + + +Description + + + +Test shape elongate cylindrical and slender; distinctly curved, slightly nodular, and evenly tapering in a rounded but narrow end. Length of test +2–3 mm +, the longest is +4.5 mm +; test width +0.15–0.25 mm +. Chambers initially cylindrical, becoming slightly inflated and more elongated as added. Chamber arrangement rectilinear, minimal embracement; number of chambers commonly 6–11, or up to 14. Initial chambers in microsphere are rectilinear. Sutures oblique. Aperture radial, nearly central and usually protruding, with up to 16 symmetrically arranged tines that are fused in the center. Surface smooth without ornamentation; secondary surface laminations absent (atelo-lamellar). Wall finely perforated, thin, and transparent. + + + + + +Remarks + + + +Of the 24 examined specimens, 14 had an intact initial end, with prolocular size that varied nearly continuously from less than 0.05 to about +0.12 mm +, presumably including both generations with rectilinear chamber arrangement of the initial part. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/56/DD/1656DD2AAEDC5DC08051DAADF14519A9.xml b/data/16/56/DD/1656DD2AAEDC5DC08051DAADF14519A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dfc37f05a0d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/56/DD/1656DD2AAEDC5DC08051DAADF14519A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + + + +The medicinal plants of Myanmar + + + +Author + +DeFilipps, Robert A. +Deceased + + + +Author + +Krupnick, Gary A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826 +Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA +krupnick@si.edu + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2018 + +2018-06-28 + + +102 + + +1 +341 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 +1314-2003-102-1 +AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67 +1306325 + + + + +Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold (= Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum.) + + + +Names. + +Myanmar +: +hset-hnayarthi +, +mawk-hkam-long +(Shan), +payaung-pan +, +sethnayathi +, +set-hnit-ya-thi +. +English +: exile oleander, lucky nut, Peruvian yellow oleander, yellow oleander. + + + +Range. +South America, Neotropical. Found growing naturally throughout Myanmar; also cultivated there. + + +Uses. + +Although +poisonous +if consumed by itself, + +C. thevetia + +is considered effective in preparations for eye infections, as well as for fever, leprosy, and hemorrhoids. +Bark +: Bark preparations are used for fevers, burns, ringworm, and rashes. +Bark +, +Seed +: Bark and seeds are used for a purgative and heart tonic. +Leaf +: The extract from crushed leaves is mixed with water and cooked with olive oil until all of the water evaporates; the resulting oil is used to alleviate joint aches and pains. +Leaf +, +Flower +: The extract from crushed flowers and/or leaves is mixed with water and cooked with olive oil until all of the water evaporates, and the resulting oil is used to treat rashes and other skin disorders. +Root +: Root paste cooked with mustard oil forms an ointment to heal skin problems; mixed with water it is applied as an antifungal to the skin to clear ringworm infections. + + + +Notes. + +Indigenous medicinal uses of this species in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India) are described by +Dagar and Singh (1999) +. Medicinal uses of this species in China are discussed by +Duke and Ayensu (1985) +. + + +The medicinal uses of this plant in the Caribbean region, as well as its chemistry, biological activity, toxicity and dosages, are discussed by + +Germosen-Robineau +(1997) + +. The chemistry, pharmacology, history and medicinal uses of this species in Latin America are discussed in detail by +Gupta (1995) +. A pharmacognostical profile including medicinal uses of this plant in Africa is given in +Iwu (1993) +. The toxic properties, symptoms, treatment and beneficial uses of this plant, parts of which are poisonous, are discussed by +Nellis (1997) +. + + +Data on the propagation, seed treatment and agricultural management of this species are given by +Katende et al. (1995) +. Toxicity of this species is discussed by +Bruneton (1999) +. Worldwide medicinal usage, chemical composition and toxicity of this species are discussed by +Duke (1986) +. All parts of the plant contain thevetin and peruvoside which can cause cardiac arrest; peruvoside is however used in medicine for cardiac insufficiency ( +Lan et al. 1998 +). + + + +References. + +Nordal (1963) +, +Agricultural Corporation (1980) +, +Forest Department (1999) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/57/07/1657074C2D5F793F9926751FE745E596.xml b/data/16/57/07/1657074C2D5F793F9926751FE745E596.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..45421a48733 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/57/07/1657074C2D5F793F9926751FE745E596.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Ctenochira marginata (Holmgren, 1857) + + + + +Polyblastus marginatus +Holmgren, 1857 + + +fractigena +(Heinrich, 1953, +Scopiorus +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/57/27/165727F4867901816B8DA49FA4A47256.xml b/data/16/57/27/165727F4867901816B8DA49FA4A47256.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ea1f490f445 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/57/27/165727F4867901816B8DA49FA4A47256.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Glanures myrmecologiques. + + + +Author + +Forel, A. + +text + + +Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique + + +1910 + +54 + + +6 +32 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4022/4022.pdf + +journal article +4022 + + + + +Pheidole Seeldrayersi +n. sp. + + + + +- [[ soldier ]]. - Long. 3,7 a 4,2 mill. Mandibules lisses, avec quelques points. Epistome faiblement echancre devant, subcarene derriere. Tete plutot plus large que longue, conformee comme chez la +megacephala +. L'extremite du scape rabattu est un peu plus pres de l'angle occipital que de l' oe il. Scape fortement courbe a sa base, mais sans epaississement. Articles 2 a 7 du funicule environ aussi epais que longs. Pronotum avec deux tubercules superieurs tres obtus et peu distincts. Mesonotum profondement echancre au milieu, avec un bourrelet posterieur tres proeminent. Face basale de l'epinotum large, aussi large que longue. Epines pointues, longues comme la moitie de leur intervalle. Premier n oe ud obtusement squamiforme, large, echancre au milieu de son bord superieur, avec un petiole anterieur plutot court. Second n oe ud au moins deux fois plus large que long, a cotes plutot arrondis (en cones tres obtus). Tout l'insecte large. Cuisses distinctement renflees au milieu. + +Joues, cotes du front et fossettes antennaires grossierement rides en long. Quelques rides transversales, dispersees et assez faibles sur le thorax. Pedicule faiblement reticule, ainsi que l'epinotum (en partie). Tout le reste lisse. De longs poils dresses roussatres ou d'un roux jaunatre disperses sur tout le corps, les pattes (tibias surtout) et les scapes. +D'un roux jaunatre. Abdomen brunatre. +[[ worker ]]. - Long. 2,7 mill. - Tete ovale, arrondie derriere, sans bord posterieur, ni cou, a bord articulaire un peu releve. Le scape depasse l'occiput de deux tiers ' de la longueur. Tous les articles du funicule un peu plus longs que larges. Mesonotum comme chez le [[ soldier ]]. Face basale de l'epinotum un peu plus longue que large, subbordee, avec deux epines pointues, longues comme une bonne moitie de leur intervalle. Thorax et pedicule plutot larges. Premier n oe ud comme chez le [[ soldier ]]. Sculpture comme chez le [[ soldier ]], mais thorax sans rides et epinotum subopaque, pins fortement reticule. Pilosite comme chez le [[ soldier ]]. Entierement brunatre, pattes, antennes et mandibules d'un roux jaunatre. +[[ queen ]]. - Long. 6 a 6,5 mill. - Tete en trapeze, bien plus large que longue. Mandibules comme chez le [[ soldier ]] ainsi que l'epistome. Le scape atteint le bord occipital qui est largement concave. Thorax legerement plus large que la tete, court, a peine plus long que large. Epines larges et fortes, pointues. Pedicule comme chez le [[ soldier ]], mais le 1 er n oe ud moins echancre au sommet, tres large, et le 2 me n oe ud avec des cones lateraux obtus, mais distincts. Avec ces cones, il est plus de 2 fois plus large que long. +Tete entierement et grossierement ridee en long, sauf l'epistome, l'aire frontale, le milieu du front et le dessous qui sont lisses. Mesonotum et scutellum lisses. Le reste comme chez l'ouvriere. Pilosite comme chez le [[ soldier ]]. +Tete et antennes d'un rouge jaunatre. Thorax et pattes jaunes. Le scutellum, une grande tache carree avec trois pointes devant situee' au milieu du mesonotum, en arriere, et quelques taches etroites sur les cotes brunes. Abdomen brun fonce, avec le bord des segments et une tache laterale indistincte en avant, pres de la base du 1 er segment, jaune sale. Dessus des n oe uds du pedicule jaune sale. Ailes subhyalines, legerement teintees de jaune, avec les nervures et la tache marginale jaunatres, pales. + + +Colombie. (Coll. Seeldrayers.). + + + +Cette espece est voisine des +Ph. maja +, +megacephala +, +pubiventris +, +commutata +, etc., mais distincte de toutes par sa pilosite, la forme du thorax, la couleur de la [[ queen ]], etc. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/57/B8/1657B83981F8574D9996249B01244B26.xml b/data/16/57/B8/1657B83981F8574D9996249B01244B26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5de03063e23 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/57/B8/1657B83981F8574D9996249B01244B26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,818 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the Merodon tarsatus species group (Diptera, Syrphidae) + + + +Author + +Vujic, Ante +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-8079 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; + + + +Author + +Radenkovic, Snezana +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-9614 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; + + + +Author + +Barkalov, Anatolij +Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia; + + + +Author + +Kocis Tubic, Natasa +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-7378 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; + + + +Author + +Likov, Laura +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7215-1006 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; + + + +Author + +Tot, Tamara +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-9362 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; + + + +Author + +Popov, Grigory +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2519-1937 +Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine; Grigory Popov + + + +Author + +Prokhorov, Alex +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3367-260X +Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine; Grigory Popov + + + +Author + +Gilasian, Ebrahim +Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, 19395 - 1454 Iran; + + + +Author + +Anjum, Shehzad +National Insect Museum, National Agriculture Research Centre, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan; + + + +Author + +Djan, Mihajla +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2427-0676 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; + + + +Author + +Kakar, Banafsha +Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University, 87300 Quetta, Pakistan; + + + +Author + +Andric, Andrijana +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8239-7595 +University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; +andrijana.andric@biosense.rs + +text + + +Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny + + +2023 + +2023-02-10 + + +81 + + +201 +256 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e93570 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e93570 +1864-8312-81-201 +FF52A05BBDC0474E98480DC95A8155B2 +6948310230AC5B61A4F483591644E453 + + + + +Merodon oidipou s Hurkmans, 1993 + + + + +Figs 3C +, 4E +, 6H-K +, 11C +, 13D +, 15B +, 16E +, 20E +, 24F, G +, 25C +, 27 +, 30B + + + + +Merodon oidipous +Hurkmans, 1993: 171. Type locality: Turkey, Hakkari province (holotype). + + +Merodon persicus +Hurkmans, 1993: 171. Type locality: Iran, +Fars +province. Syn. nov. + + + +Type locality. + +Turkey, Hakkari province; Iran, +Fars +province. + + + +Type material examined. + + +Merodon persicus +Hurkmans + +: Original description was based on one male specimen designated as holotype ( +Hurkmans 1993 +). - +Holotype +: IRAN • ♂; +Fars +Province, Road Chiraz (Shiraz)-Kazeroun, Fort Sine-Sefid; 25 May 1937; Brandt F.H. leg.; NBCN [specimen dry pinned, left antenna, right proleg, left third, fourth and fifth tarsomeres, left metaleg, right fourth and fifth tarsomeres and genitalia are missing, left wing partly damaged. Metafemur glued on locality label together with some tarsomeres]. Original labels: "Iran Fars 1937 / Rd Chriraz-Kazeroun / Fort Sine-Sefid / coll F.H. Brandt 25.V." [day and month with graphite pencil written], "Merodon persicus / HURKMANS / HOLOTYPE" [red label, handwritten], " +Lampetia +♂ / +smirnovi +Param. / det. v. Doesburg" [ +Lampetia smirnovi +handwritten], "Museum Leiden / Collectie / Van Doesburg / rec. 1973", +"LML-05-26" +, +"02590" +. - + +Merodon Merodon +Hurkmans + +: Original description was based on holotype and two paratypes from Hakkari province in Turkey ( +Hurkmans 1993 +). This species was described based on only males and classified as a member of " +tarsatus +group" by +Hurkmans (1993) +. - +Holotype +: TURKEY • ♂; Hakkari, Suvarihalil pas W. side; 2100 m a.s.l.; 14 Jun. 1984; Lucas J.A.W. leg.; NBCN [specimen dry pinned in good condition, third, fourth and fifth tarsomeres of metaleg are missing, genitalia in separate microvial]. Original labels: "TURKIJE: +Hakkari +/ Suvarihalil pas / W. side 2100m / 14-6-1984 / Leg. J.A.W. Lucas", "Holotype of +Merodon +/ +oidipous +Hurkmans [handwritten, red label]", " +Merodon Merodon +/ +Hurkmans 1993 +/ det. +Vujic +2008", +"AM-05-45" +, +"02592" +. - +Paratypes +: TURKEY • 2 ♂♂; Hakkari, Suvarihalil pas W. side; 2100 m a.s.l.; 14. Jun. 1984; Lucas J.A.W. leg.; NBCN. + + + +Figure 23. +Male genitalia. +A +- +C + +M. dumosus + +Vujic +, Likov & +Radenkovic +sp. nov. +, +D +- +F + +M. latiantennatus + +Vujic +, Popov & Prokhorov +sp. nov. +, +G +- +I + +M. marginicornis + +. (A, B, D, E, G, H) epandrium, (C, F, I) hypandrium; (A, C, D, F, G, I) lateral view, (B, E, H) ventral view. Abbreviations: al - anterior surstyle lobe, c - cercus, ea - ejaculatory apodeme, l - lingula, pl - posterior surstyle lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. + + + + +Notes on synonymy. + +Hurkmans designated + +Merodon persicus + +as a member of " + +Merodon tarsatus + +group". Specimens described as + +M. oidipous + +and + +M. persicus + +belong to one species and based on prior citation of + +M. oidipous + +in the same publication, + +M. persicus + +becomes a junior synonym. + + + +Additional material examined. + + +IRAN +• +2 ♂♂ +, +2 ♀♀ +; + +Fars +Province + +, +Dasht-e Arjan +; + +29°33 +'07" +N + +, + +51°56 +'31" +E + +; + +2260 m +a.s.l. + +; +5 May 2016 +; +Kafka M. +leg.; +M. B. +coll + +. • + +1 ♂ +; + +Fars +Province + +, + +15 km +S of Dasht-e Arjan + +; + +29°33 +'09" +N + +, + +51°56 +'22" +E + +; + +2261 m +a.s.l. + +; +2-6 May 2016 +; + +Oboril +M. + +leg.; +J.H. +coll + +. • + +3 ♀♀ +; same data as for preceding; +J.H. +coll. 18265, 18273, 18275 + +• + +1 ♂ +; + +Fars +Province + +, + +10 km +E Kazeroun + +; + +29°34 +'00" +N + +, + +51°52 +'00" +E + +; + +1300 m +a.s.l. + +; +23 May 2014 +; +Halada J. +leg.; +M. B. +coll + +. • + +1 ♀ +; + +Fars +Province + +, + +1 km +W of Sangar + +; + +29°59 +'50" +N + +, + +52°08 +'07" +E + +; + +2093 m +a.s.l. + +; +4-5 May 2016 +; + +Oboril +M. + +leg.; +J.H. +coll. 18268 + +• + +4 ♂♂ +, +3 ♀♀ +; +Kohgiluyeh +& +Boyer-Ahmad Province +, + +Yasuj + +, +Sarab-e Taveh +; + +30°29 +'24" +N + +, + +51°39 +'29" +E + +; + +2390 m +a.s.l. + +; +4 May 2016 +; +Kafka M. +leg.; +M. B. +coll + +. • + +1 ♂ +; +Kohgiluyeh +& +Boyer-Ahmad Province +, + +20 km +S of +Yasuj + +( + +Jasudz + +); + +30°29 +'26" +N + +, + +51°39 +'27" +E + +; + +2144 m +a.s.l. + +; +30 May 2015 +; + +Banar +P. + +leg.; +J.H. +coll. 18266 + +• + +1 ♀ +; same data as for preceding; +J.H. +coll. 18272 + +• + +1 ♂ +; + +Isfahan +Province + +( + +Esfahan +Province + +), +Semirom County +, +Kommeh +; + +31°01 +'01" +N + +, + +51°35 +'28" +E + +; + +2760 m +a.s.l. + +; +12 May 2007 +; +Gilasian E. +leg.; HMIM 04462 + +. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Medium sized (8-11 mm), long pilose, dark species with olive-brown to bluish reflection (Fig. +20E +); antennae reddish-brown to dark brown, basoflagellomere elongated, about 2 times as long as wide (Figs +11C +, +13D +); tibiae and tarsi partly reddish-yellow (Figs +15B +, +16E +); body pile pale yellow to gray; sterna with long white pilosity. Male: metafemur curved, broad, about 3.2 times longer than wide, covered with long pilosity (Fig. +15B +); basotarsomere of metatarsus extremely expanded, more than 3 times broader than the second tarsomere (Figs +6H, I +, +15B +), ventrally with well-defined brush-like area of dense pile on basal 1/3 (Fig. +6H, I +), with ventrolateral row of strong setae; sternum 4 with very long laminate extensions on posterior margin (Fig. +4E +); male genitalia: anterior surstyle lobe enlarged and trapezoidal, posterior surstyle lobe oval (Fig. +24F, G +: al, pl); ejaculatory apodeme large, about as broad as long (Fig. +25C +: ea); lingula elongated and narrow (Fig. +25C +: l). Female: tarsi brown, at least dorsally; in ventral view broad, medially extended, but from lateral view with sunken and twisted ventral surface (Fig. +6J, K +). + + +Similar to + +Merodon smirnovi + +and + +M. tarsatus + +from which differs in smaller ventral brush-like area of dense pile on basotarsomere of metaleg, limited to basal 1/3 (Fig. +6H, I +), while is about 2/3 in + +M. smirnovi + +(Fig. +6A, B +) and 3/4 in + +M. tarsatus + +(Fig. +6L +); and by shape of the male genitalia: anterior surstyle lobe as long as posterior surstyle lobe in + +M. oidipous + +(Fig. +24F +: al), while is shorter in + +M. smirnovi + +(Fig. +24A, C +: al) and + +M. tarsatus + +(Fig. +1A +: al). + + + +Re-description. + + +Male. +Head + +: Antenna reddish-brown to dark brown; basoflagellomere (Fig. +11C +) elongated about 2 times as long as wide, about 2.2 times as long as pedicel, more or less straight dorsally, tapering to apex; fossette dorsolateral and large (Fig. +11C +); arista dark and thickened at basal third; face and frons black to dark blue with gray microtrichia; face covered with dense whitish pile, frons with gray-yellowish pile; oral margin with sparse microtrichia; lunule shiny black to brown, bare; eye contiguity about 6-8 facets long; vertex isosceles, shiny black; vertex with long, pale yellow-whitish pile, in some cases mixed with a few black pile on ocellar triangle; ocellar triangle equilateral; occiput with gray-yellow pile, ventrally covered with dense gray microtrichia; eyes covered with dense whitish-gray pile (Fig. +30B +); vertical triangle: eye contiguity: frons = 3: 1: 2.5. - +Thorax +: Scutum and scutellum black with olive-green to brown lustre, covered with dense, erect, yellow pile; scutum usually without pollinose vittae; anterior half of scutum from dull to shiny; posterodorsal part of anterior anepisternum, posterior anepisternum (except anteroventral angle), anterior anepimeron, dorsomedial anepimeron, and posterodorsal and anteroventral parts of katepisternum with long, dense pale yellow pile; wings mostly covered with microtrichia; wing veins brown; calypter pale yellow; halter yellow; femora mostly black, tibiae and tarsi partly reddish-yellow; pile on legs pale yellow; metafemur broad, curved about 3.2 times longer than wide, with long pile on ventral surface, about as long as width of metafemur, longer than pile on dorsal surface (Fig. +15B +); apicomedial lamina on metatibia distinct, covered with very long pale yellow pile; basotarsomere of metatarsus expanded, more than 3 times broader than second tarsomere (Figs +6H, I +, +15B +), ventrally with well-defined brush-like area of dense pile limited to basal 1/3 (Fig. +6H, I +), with ventrolateral row of strong setae (Fig. +6I +). - +Abdomen +: About 1.3 times longer than mesonotum; terga dark brown to black; terga 2-4 each with pairs of narrow, white pollinose fasciae; pile on terga all yellow to gray-whitish, except medial part of terga 2-4 usually with short black pile (Fig. +20E +); sterna dark brown, covered with long whitish-yellow pile. - +Male genitalia +: Anterior surstyle lobe enlarged and trapezoidal, covered with dense, short pile (Fig. +24 +F +: al); posterior surstyle lobe oval (Fig. +24F +: pl); cercus rectangular (Fig. +24F +: c); hypandrium sickle-shaped, without lateral projections; lingula elongated and narrow (Fig. +25C +: l). - +Female (first description). +Similar to male except for normal sexual dimorphism and following characteristics: basoflagellomere slightly tapering to apex, about 1.5 times longer than wide (Fig. +13D +); frons with pollinose vittae along eye margins variable in shape and size; frons covered with mostly gray-yellow pile; ocellar triangle covered with black pile; terga covered with gray-whitish to yellow pilosity; medial part of terga 2-4 usually with short adpressed black pile; pollinose fasciae on terga 2-4 distinct; basotarsomere of metatarsus brown (at least dorsally), from ventral view broad, medially extended, without well-defined brush-like area of dense pile (Fig. +6J +), but from lateral view with sunken and twisted ventral surface (Fig. +6K +); basotarsomere of metaleg with a few distinct strong spine-like setae within ventrolateral row of setae (Fig. +6J, K +). + + + +Figure 24. +Male genitalia, epandrium. +A +- +C + +M. smirnovi + +, +D +, +E + +M. pakistanicus + +Vujic +, Likov & +Radenkovic +sp. nov. +, +F +, +G + +M. oidipous + +. (A, C, D, F) lateral view, (B, E, G) ventral view. Abbreviations: al - anterior surstyle lobe, c - cercus, pl - posterior surstyle lobe. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. + + + + +Distribution and ecological data. + + +Merodon oidipous + +occurs in southern Iran and southeastern Turkey (Fig. +27 +). It was recorded within arid and semi-arid forests ecosystem with + +Quercus brantii + +as the dominant vegetation type, and cold and arid semi steppe scrubland and grasslands ecosystem ( + +Astragalus + +spp.) ( +Azizi Jalilian et al. 2020 +), at localities which belong to the Zagros mountains forest steppe ecoregion ( +Olson et al. 2001 +). Iranian collection sites of + +M. oidipous + +located in the +Zagros +mountain range include: +Yasuj +, with very cold winters and moderate summers, 15.2°C average annual temperature and 864 mm annual precipitation, with + +Quercus persica + +as the dominant plant species; Dasht-e Arjan, located in the 'Arjan Biosphere +Reserve' +, with an altitude range of 853-3041 m a.s.l., with wild almond trees ( + +Prunus scoparia + +) ( +'Arjan' +in Persian) as the dominant plant species; Semirom, with very cold winters and moderate summers, 335 mm annual precipitation and 12.5°C average annual temperature, with + +Astragalus verus + +, + +Poa bulbosa + +and + +Bromus tomentellus + +as the dominant plant species. On the basis of our data the flight period is May. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/57/B8/1657B8643DE41228F8C1EFA2DCBC4A1B.xml b/data/16/57/B8/1657B8643DE41228F8C1EFA2DCBC4A1B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..654d25ef3c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/57/B8/1657B8643DE41228F8C1EFA2DCBC4A1B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ + + + +Chromosome studies in the aquatic monocots of Myanmar: A brief review with additional records + + + +Author + +Ito, Yu + + + +Author + +Tanaka, Nobuyuki + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1069 +1069 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1069 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1069 +1314-2828-2-1069 + + + + + +Potamogeton distinctus A. Benn. +x +P. nodosus Poir. + + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Y. Ito +; Location: country: +Myanmar +; stateProvince: Shan; verbatimLocality: Inle Lake; verbatimLatitude: +20°27'28"N +; verbatimLongitude: +96°50'37"E +; Event: eventDate: +4 Dec 2008 +; Record Level: collectionID: N. Tanaka & al. 080662; institutionCode: +MBK, RAF, TI + + + + +Notes +Chromosome counts: 2n = 52 (Fig. 5; obtained in this study). The chromosome count for this taxon is new to science. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/58/33/16583337AB9EE87A636B0C85E76E2942.xml b/data/16/58/33/16583337AB9EE87A636B0C85E76E2942.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..91a6427cafc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/58/33/16583337AB9EE87A636B0C85E76E2942.xml @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ + + + +The Disphragis notabilis (Schaus) species-group in Costa Rica (Lepidoptera, Notodontidae) + + + +Author + +Sullivan, J. Bolling + + + +Author + +Pogue, Michael G. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +421 + + +21 +38 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.7351 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.421.7351 +1313-2970-421-21 +4B87F05B1916404EB3E1ECF514708A88 +4B87F05B1916404EB3E1ECF514708A88 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Notodontidae + + + +Disphragis bifurcata Sullivan & Pogue +sp. n. +Figs 1, 10, 14, 18, 22 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype male: Costa Rica, Reserva Hitoy Cerere ( +9.404°N +, +83.015°W +), Limon Province, 354', 1-4 July 2008, J. Bolling Sullivan. INBio. Paratypes: 11♂, 3♀: 4♂, same data as holotype (JBS-2094, JBS-3053); 1♀, 22 March 2003, Monty Wood (JBS-3030); 1♂, Costa Rica, Est. Biol. La Selva ( +10.26°N +, +84.01°W +), Heredia Province, 50-150 m, 21-30 June 2003, Monty Volovsic (JBS-3040), 2♂, 29 Aug. -2 Sept. 2003, J. Bolling Sullivan (JBS-3038); 2♂, Costa Rica, Upata Estacion San Gerardo ( +10.89°N +, +85.38°W +), Alajuela Province, 550 m, 17-21 July 2006, J. Bolling Sullivan, B. Espinosa (JBS-3035); 1♂, Costa Rica, Puriscal Chires, Mastatal (N9.411; W-84.220), San Jose Province, 400 m, 16-18 Oct. 2011, J. Bolling Sullivan; 1♂, Costa Rica, Verugua Rainforest Campamento ( +9.553°N +, +83.112°W +), Limon Province, 400-500 m, 12-16 March 2010, J. Bolling Sullivan (11-CRBS-2066), (JBS-5427); 1♀, Costa Rica, Tuis, 2500', June, W. Schaus 1910-110. (BM-); 1♀, Costa Rica, Cashi, 8-10 1912 (Lankester), Rothschild Bequest, B. M. 1939-1. (BM-). (USNM, BMNH, JBS, INBio) + + + +Etymology. +The name bifurcata refers to the bifurcate tip of the socii, which is diagnostic. + + +Diagnosis. + +Maculation characters can usually be used to separate +Disphragis bifurcata +and +Disphragis notabilis +from the other two members of the complex. Forewing color is a warm brown, not mottled or brownish gray as in +Disphragis sobolis +and +Disphragis hemicera +. Additionally, the male antennal pectinations are shorter in +Disphragis bifurcata +and +Disphragis notabilis +. Males of +Disphragis bifurcata +are easily distinguished by the large upturned and bifurcated socii in the male genitalia. In males of +Disphragis notabilis +the socii usually have a single point at the apex, with many spines arising from the ventral edge. Females must be identified by maculation and geography; +Disphragis bifurcata +occurs in Central America and central and western Colombia. + + + +Description. + +Male. (Figs 1, 10) +Head +-labial palps upturned, mahogany brown on basal segment, medial segment with cream scaling along distal margin, particularly near the terminus, and apical segment mostly cream scaled with scattered brown scales. Denuded medial segment 2.4 +x +length of apical segment. Eye round, large, surrounded tightly with scaling. Front scaling mostly cream with scattered brown scales. Vertex with additional brown scales among white scaling. Scape with cream and brown scaling, cream extending onto antennal shaft for about 10-14 segments. Antenna bipectinate basally for 30 segments, then with minute basal seta on segments to tip (68 segments). Longest rami 0.44 mm. Thorax a blend of fine brown and cream scales giving a tan appearance. Metathorax bearing a central white spot with row of darker brown scales anteriorly. Abdomen with appressed brown scaling. Forewing (17.5 mm N = 10) elongate, rounded apically and with broad tan subcostal streak from base of wing to apex. Streak encloses chocolate reniform spot and has several slightly darker brown lines crossing obliquely from costa. Basal dash below streak paralleling costa. White streak below basal dash; warm brown patch distal to white streak bordered by white; wavy antemedial (AM) and postmedial (PM) lines. Chocolate shading from middle of forewing below costal streak and forming a wedge to margin (below costal streak to anal angle). Weak gray crescent on lower half of margin. Hind wing fuscous with darker margin and veins, weak darker brown anal markings almost a spot at anal angle. Underside of forewing fuscous, anal margin and cell yellowish. Basal 3/4 of hind wing yellowish, margin brown and well differentiated. Legs a mixture of brown and white scales, appearing almost yellowish, with white scales forming rings at distal end of tarsal segments. Tibial spines 0-2-4. Male genitalia (Figs 14, 18) (8 dissections). Uncus an extended triangle, apex rounded with setae arranged almost in marginal rows. Tegumen broad, longer than vinculum. Socii extending from base of uncus as two large upcurved arms, scythe-like, apex bifurcate. Occasionally tip may be subdivided farther with arrowhead-like plates embedded near apex (visible at higher magnification). However, plates do not form ventral spine-like projections as in +Disphragis notabilis +. Gnathos absent, anal tube membranous. Valva elongated with costal half sclerotized, anal half membranous and enveloping deciduous scent hairs. Valva apex rounded, sclerotized costal half of valva with broad anal projection distally and sharper but rounded and more heavily sclerotized projection basally. Vinculum broad, short, rounded to saccus. Phallus long, narrow with subbasal keel, proximal half unsclerotized, ductus entering medially. Distal half of phallus sclerotized, enlarged basally at junction with membranous half, and with small teeth-like spines ventrally and laterally on basal half. Vesica emerges dorsally from aedeagus, forming a membranous tube that turns to parallel aedeagus and then to left with no major diverticula. A lightly sclerotized sliver-like cornutus often visible and often with small peg-like cornuti where vesica turns left. Eighth tergite broadly rounded, slightly sclerotized and crenulated medially at distal end. Eighth sternite lightly sclerotized, broadly rounded with well-defined, broad notch medially. Small sac-like flap in middle of sclerite, anterior end of sclerite with two broad, rounded projections with medial V-shaped notch. Ctenophores absent. Female. (Fig. 10). Female similar to male only larger (Forewing 21.3 mm, n = 3) and with fasciculate antennae. Female genitalia (Fig. 22) (3 dissections). Papillae anales bluntly rounded, slightly setose. Extension of 9th tergite forming dorsal flap. Anterior apophysis short, 25% as long as posterior apophysis. Genital plate small, elongate, consisting of a bifurcated middle phalanx with lateral +"wings" +from base. Ductus bursae slightly shorter than corpus bursae, narrow and tending to twist, unsclerotized. Corpus bursae egg shaped, with large signum on dorsal surface. Signum shield-like, about half as long as corpus bursae. Signum egg shaped with stippled lateral flanges anterior to midpoint. Proximal margin lightly sclerotized and faintly stippled. + + + +Figures 1-4. +Disphragis notabilis +complex holotypes. 1 +Disphragis bifurcata +, male holotype 2 +Disphragis hemicera +, male holotype 3 +Disphragis normula +, male holotype 4 +Disphragis notabilis +, female holotype. + + + + +DNA barcode sequence. + +Five barcoded specimens exhibit two haplotypes that differ from each other by a maximum of 0.15%. They differ from +Disphragis hemicera +by a minimum of 5.61%, from +Disphragis notabilis +by a minimum of 1.26%, and from +Disphragis sobolis +by a minimum of 5.78%. The most common haplotype (11-CRBS-2066) is: + +AACCTTATATTTCATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACCTCTTTAAGTCTTCTAATTCGTGCTGAATTAGGAACCCCCGGGACTTTAATTGGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTAACAGCTCATGCTTTCATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAGTACCTTTAATATTAGGAGCCCCAGACATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGTTTTTGATTATTACCTCCTTCTTTAATACTTTTAATTTCGAGAAGTATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTACCCACCACTGTCATCTAATATTGCTCATAGAGGAAGCTCTGTTGATTTAGCCATTTTTTCCCTTCACTTAGCTGGTATTTCATCAATTTTAGGGGCTATTAATTTTATCACAACAATTATTAATATACGATTAAATAATATATCTTTTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTGTGAGCTGTAGGAATTACTGCTTTTTTACTTTTACTTTCTCTCCCAGTTCTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTTAACTGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGACCCTGCAGGGGGAGGAGATCCTATTTTATACCAACATTTATTT + + + +Distribution +. + +Known from Guatemala to Colombia (Anchicaya, Valle, and the Magdalena Valley), and probably extending south into northern Ecuador. + + +Remarks. + +This species occurs at lower altitudes and moderate elevations (1000 m) where it occurs with +Disphragis hemicera +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/58/87/165887FC0354ED4732E8FBD7CB94FED1.xml b/data/16/58/87/165887FC0354ED4732E8FBD7CB94FED1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a7b526af44 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/58/87/165887FC0354ED4732E8FBD7CB94FED1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,445 @@ + + + +New Andrena species from Central Asia (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Thomas + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2023 + +55 + + +1 + + +355 +371 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.10415212 +0253-116X +10415212 + + + + + + + +Andrena +(incertae sedis) +invisibilis + +nov.sp. +( +Figs 27-32 +) + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Holotypes +: +Kyrgyzstan +: +Alish, W +from +Narin +[Naryn], + +2000-2500 m + +, 41.4254 +oN +, 75.8580 +oE +, + +26.vii.1991 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +S. Bečvář +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Paratypes +: +Kyrgyzstan +: +Alish, W +from +Narin +[Naryn], + +2000-2500 m + +, + +26.vii.1991 + +, +3♀♀ +, leg. +S. Becvar +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +/ coll. +T +. +J. Wood + +. + + + + +D i a g n o s i s. + +Andrena invisibilis + +is also part of the undescribed subgenus best referred to as the +relata +-group. This group is incompletely characterised, but can predominantly be recognised by the relatively short and compact head with the fore margin of the clypeus slightly raised and forming a ‘]’ shape ( +Figures 28-29 +), by the ovoid metasoma ( +Figure 26 +), and the lack of any distinctive derived characters. Given these problems of recognition, it is best recognised by diagnosis against its most morphologically similar species which is + +A. hibernica +WARNCKE, 1975 + +( +Turkey +, newly reported for +Jordan +), specifically + +A. hibernica +caucasica + +WARNCKE, 1975 ( +Turkey +, +Azerbaijan +, newly reported from +Turkmenistan +). Both species differ from some of the species placed in the +relata +- group because the propodeal triangle is not weak and poorly defined due to being smooth, but instead is covered with reticulation ( +Figure 31 +). + +Andrena invisibilis + +can be separated by its dense scutal punctures, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters ( +Figure 30 +; in + +A. hibernica +caucasica + +with punctures sparser and more irregular, separated by 1-3 puncture diameters), by it relatively sparsely punctate terga, punctures separated by 1-2 puncture diameters ( +Figure 32 +; in + +A. hibernica +caucasica + +with tergal punctures much denser, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters), and by its relatively shorter clypeus that only slightly exceeds a line drawn between the lower margins of the compound eyes, the surface of the clypeus evenly punctate, without a longitudinal impunctate mid-line (in + +A. hibernica +caucasica + +with the clypeus more elongate, more clearly exceeding a line drawn between the lower margins of the compound eyes, the surface of the clypeus with a clear, weakly elevated longitudinal impunctate mid-line). + + + +Figs 27-32: + +Andrena +(incertae sedis) +invisibilis + +nov.sp. +female ( +27 +) profile; ( +28 +) face, frontal view; ( +29 +) process of the labrum, fronto-ventral view ( +30 +) scutum, dorsal view; ( +31 +) propodeal triangle, dorsal view; ( +32 +) terga, dorsal view. + + +D e s c r i p t i o n. + +Female. Body length: +9 mm +( +Figure 27 +). Head: Dark, 1.4 times wider than long ( +Figure 28 +). Clypeus weakly domed evenly and densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters, interspaces weakly shining. Fore margin of clypeus distinctly upturned, forming shallowly rounded semicircle ( +Figure 29 +). Process of labrum trapezoidal, slightly broader than long, apical margin truncate. Gena slightly exceeding diameter of compound eye; ocelloccipital distance 1.5 times diameter of lateral ocellus. Foveae occupying slightly less than ½ space between compound eye and lateral ocellus; foveae filled with light brown hairs. Face, gena, vertex, and scape covered with dense whitish hairs, becoming light brownish on gena posteriorly, none equalling length of scape. Antennae dark, A5-12 ventrally lightened by presence of grey scales. A3 subequal to A4+5. + + +Mesosoma: Scutum and scutellum densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters, underlying surface smooth and shining over majority of area, anteriorly shagreened ( +Figure 30 +). Pronotum more or less rounded, with at most obscure faint humeral angle. Mesepisternum and dorsolateral parts of propodeum reticulate, forming dense network of raised reticulation; propodeal triangle finely delineated laterally by raised carinae, internal surface with sparser network of raised reticulation, not strong differentiated from dorsolateral parts of propodeum ( +Figure 31 +). Mesepisternum ventrally with long whitish hairs, becoming light brownish dorsally, hairs not equalling length of scape. Scutum, scutellum, and propodeum dorsally with light brownish hairs. Propodeal corbicula incomplete, dorsal fringe strong, composed of long whitish plumose hairs, internal surface with long white simple hairs. Legs dark, tarsal segments apically lightened brownish, pubescence whitish to light brownish. Flocculus moderately weak, composed of white plumose hairs; femoral and tibial scopae composed of white simple hairs. Hind tibial claws with strong inner tooth. Wings hyaline, stigma and venation orange, nervulus interstitial. + + +Metasoma: Tergal discs dark, tergal margins narrowly lightened hyaline-brown ( +Figure 32 +). Terga with weak sculpture, more or less polished and shining; terga punctate, punctures separated by 1-2 puncture diameters. Tergal discs with moderately long scattered light brownish hairs, T1 long hairs forming weak loose apical hair fringe, T2-4 with dense narrow apical hair fringes, hairs obscuring underlying surface. Apical fringe of T5 medially and hairs flanking pygidial plate whitish golden. Pygidial plate triangular with rounded apex, lateral margins weakly raised, medially with raised triangular area. + +Male. Unknown. + +D i s t r i b u t i o n: Central +Kyrgyzstan +. + + +D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s: Feminine singular nominative form of the Latin adjective +invisibilis +meaning ‘invisible’, in reference to its lack of discovery or recognition by previous authors. + + + +O t h e r m a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d ( + +Andrena hibernica +WARNCKE +, 1975 + +): +Jordan +: + +30 km +N +Tafila + +[ +At-Tafilah +], + +2.v.1996 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +Ma. Halada +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Jordan +: +Petra +, + +800 m + +, + +28.ii-4.iii.1986 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +K.M. Guichard +, coll. +Natural History Museum +, +London + +; + +Turkey +: +Yeşilhisar +, + +27.v.1972 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +K. Warncke +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +( +holotype +) + +; + +Turkey +: + +60 km +E Birczik + +[ +Birecik +], + +2.v.1994 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +K. Deneš +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Turkey +: +Maras +[ +Kahramanmaraş +] + +700 m + +, + +2.vi.1983 + +, +2♀♀ +, leg. leg. +K. Warncke +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Turkey +: +Silifke +, +Goksu +[Göksu] +Canyon +, + +25.iv.2015 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +M. Snižek +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +; ( + +Andrena hibernica +caucasica + +WARNCKE +, 1975) + +: + +Azerbaijan +: +Araxesthal +[near +Ordubad +], 1890, 1♁, leg. +Reitter +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +( +holotype +) + +; + +Turkey +: +Harpost +Turkey +15-20 +July +[strikethrough present on collecting label] 1919, +1♀ +, +L.H. MacDaniels +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +( +paratype +) + +; + +Turkey +: + +110 km +E +Mardin + +, +Hasankeyf +, + +9.v.2002 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +F. Kantner +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Turkmenistan +: +Firjuza-Vanovski +, + +23-26.iv.1989 + +, 1♁, leg. +S. Bečvář +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/58/87/165887FC0356ED4232EBFF2DC958FC69.xml b/data/16/58/87/165887FC0356ED4232EBFF2DC958FC69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..981c6036c7b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/58/87/165887FC0356ED4232EBFF2DC958FC69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ + + + +New Andrena species from Central Asia (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Thomas + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2023 + +55 + + +1 + + +355 +371 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.10415212 +0253-116X +10415212 + + + + + + + +Andrena +(incertae sedis) +fumea + +nov.sp. +( +Figs 21-26 +) + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Holotypes +: +Kyrgyzstan +: sept. Čon Aryk [Chong-Aryk] (Frunze) [ +Bishkek +], cca +1050 m +, 42.8119 +oN +, 74.5844 +oE +, +5.vii.1983 +, +1♀ +, leg. B. Tkalců, coll. Biologiezentrum Linz. + + + + +D i a g n o s i s. + +Andrena fumea + +is part of an undescribed subgenus best referred to as the +relata +-group (see +PISANTY et al. 2022b +; +WOOD 2023a +; +2023b +) that does not display clear defining or distinctive characters, leading to its lack of historical recognition. This group is incompletely characterised, but can predominantly be recognised by the relatively short and compact head with the fore margin of the clypeus slightly raised and forming a ‘]’ shape ( +Figures 22-23 +), by the often weak and poorly defined propodeal triangle ( +Figure 25 +, though this is less applicable in the case of + +A. fumea + +), by the ovoid metasoma ( +Figure 26 +), and the lack of any distinctive derived characters. It is best diagnosed against the most morphologically similar species which is + +A. melanota +Warncke, 1975 + +( +Turkey +) due to its similar structure, size, and pubescence (pubescence including scopae predominantly dark with white hairs on the face, mesepisternum, and forming apical white patches laterally on the terga, +Figures 21-22; 26 +). + + +The two species are very close, but + +A. fumea + +can be separated by the structure of the clypeus which is evenly punctate, without a slightly raised impunctate mid-line (in + +A. melanota + +with a clear and slightly raised impunctate mid-line), by the scutum which is more finely and densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters, underlying surface finely shagreened and weakly shining ( +Figure 24 +; in + +A. melanota + +with the scutum more strongly punctate, punctures separated by 1-2 puncture diameters, underlying surface polished and shining), by the structure of the propodeum which is covered with coarse raised rugae over its basal 1/3 +rd +and with fine granular shagreen over the remaining area, thus strongly contrasting both the sculpture of the basal half and the dorsolateral parts of the propodeum ( +Figure 25 +; in + +A. melanota + +the sculpture of the propodeum is more consistent, with fine raised rugae in its basal half, these becoming weaker but the remaining area finely reticulate, not strongly contrasting the dorsolateral parts of the propodeum), and by the pubescence of the terga, with T2-3 only forming weak and sparse apical hair fringes of white hairs that do not obscure the underlying surface ( +Figure 26 +; in + +A. melanota + +with T2-4 laterally with strong and thick white hair patches that obscure the underlying surface). + +D e s c r i p t i o n. + +Female. Body length: +13 mm +( +Figure 21 +). Head: Dark, 1.3 times wider than long ( +Figure 22 +). Clypeus very weakly domed, surface very densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5 puncture diameters, interspaces weakly shining. Fore margin of clypeus distinctly upturned, forming shallowly rounded semicircle ( +Figure 23 +). Process of labrum trapezoidal, twice as broad as long, apical margin with angular emargination. Gena slightly exceeding diameter of compound eye; ocelloccipital distance 1.5 times diameter of lateral ocellus. Foveae occupying slightly more than ½ space between compound eye and lateral ocellus; foveae filled with dark brown hairs. Head with intermixed black and white hairs, black hairs covering majority of gena, vertex, dorsal part of frons, and fore margin of clypeus narrowly; white hairs covering majority of lower part of frons, antennal insertions, paraocular areas, and clypeus. Antennae dark, A5 ventrally weakly lightened by presence of grey-brown scales. A3 slightly exceeding A4+5, clearly shorter than A4+5+6. + + + +Figs 21-26: + +Andrena +(incertae sedis) +fumea + +nov.sp. +female ( +21 +) profile; ( +22 +) face, frontal view; ( +23 +) process of the labrum, fronto-ventral view; ( +24 +) scutum, dorsolateral view; ( +25 +) propodeal triangle, dorsal view; ( +26 +) terga, dorsal view. + + + +Mesosoma: Scutum and scutellum finely and densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters, underlying surface finely shagreened and weakly shining ( +Figure 24 +). Pronotum with strong humeral angle. Mesepisternum with fine microreticulation, surface with shallow punctation, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters. Dorsolateral parts of propodeum reticulate, forming dense network of raised reticulation. Propodeal triangle broad, in basal 1/3 +rd +covered with coarse raised rugae, in apical 2/3rds with fine granular shagreen, strongly contrasting dorsolateral parts of propodeum ( +Figure 25 +). Mesepisternum with predominantly white hairs, scutum and scutellum with black hairs; metanotum and propodeum with predominantly white hairs. Propodeal corbicula incomplete, but with small and weak apical fringe composed of black plumose hairs; dorsal fringe strong, composed of long white plumose hairs, internal surface with scattered long white hairs. Legs dark, apical tarsal segments slightly lightened brownish, pubescence predominantly dark brown to black, ventral margin of fore femur with long fringe of white hairs. Flocculus moderately weak, composed of white and black plumose hairs; femoral scopae composed of long white simple hairs, tibial scopae composed of shorter black simple hairs. Hind tibial claws with strong inner tooth. Wings weakly brownish-infumate, stigma and venation orange, nervulus antefurcal. + + +Metasoma: Tergal discs dark, tergal margins narrowly lightened brownish ( +Figure 26 +). Terga with weak sculpture, more or less polished and shining; terga punctate, punctures separated by 1-2 puncture diameters. Discs of T1-2 with sparse white hairs, discs of T3-5 with dense short black hairs; T1-3 laterally with obscure patches of whitish hairs. Apical fringe of T5 medially and hairs flanking pygidial plate dark brown; apical fringe of T5 laterally with white hairs. Pygidial plate triangular with rounded apex, lateral margins weakly raised, medially with raised triangular area. + +Male. Unknown. + +D i s t r i b u t i o n: Northern +Kyrgyzstan +. + + +D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s: Feminine singular nominative form of the Latin adjective +fumeus +meaning ‘smoky, in reference to its dark pubescence, integument, and slightly infumate wings. + + + +O t h e r m a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: ( + +Andrena melanota +WARNCKE +, 1975 + +): +Turkey +: +Erzurum +, + +28.v.1970 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +H. Ozbek +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +( +holotype +) + +; + +Turkey +: +Erzurum +, + +26.vii.1966 + +, 1♁, leg. +H. Ozbek +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +( +paratype +) + +; + +Turkey +: +Erzurum +, + +31.viii.1937 + +, 1♁, leg. +O. Ecevit +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz +( +paratype +) + +; + +Turkey +: +Hakkari +, +S. Varegös +/ +Mt. Sat +, + +2000 m + +, + +18.vi.1984 + +, +2♀♀ +, leg. +K. Warncke +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Turkey +: +Hakkari +, +S. Varegös +/ +Mt. Sat +, + +2100 m + +, + +14.vi.1984 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +K. Warncke +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/58/87/165887FC035BED4132E8FC1BCE1AF98E.xml b/data/16/58/87/165887FC035BED4132E8FC1BCE1AF98E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2ecbb51bf07 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/58/87/165887FC035BED4132E8FC1BCE1AF98E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,500 @@ + + + +New Andrena species from Central Asia (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Thomas + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2023 + +55 + + +1 + + +355 +371 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.10415212 +0253-116X +10415212 + + + + + + + +Andrena +( +Ulandrena +) +discus + +nov.sp. +( +Figs 7-15 +) + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Holotypes +: +Tajikistan +: +Vose +,120kmSEDuschanbe, 37.8080 +oN +, 69.6354 +oE +, + +12-13.v.1991 + +, 1♁, leg. +J. Halada +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Paratypes +: +Tajikistan +: +Vose +, + +120 km +SE +Duschanbe + +, + +12-13.v.1991 + +, 3♁♁, +2♀♀ +, leg. +J. Halada +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +/; + +coll. +T +.J. +Wood + +; + +Iran +: +North Khorasan +, +Bojnurd +, + +15.v.2018 + +, +1♀ +, leg. +M. Allahverdi +, coll. +M. Allahverdi +, +Gorgan + +; + +Iran +: +Razavi Khorasan +, 5 k to +Bazangan +[ + +5 km +E of Bazangan + +], + +20.iv.2018 + +, 1♁, leg. +M. Allahverdi +, coll. +M. Allahverdi +, +Gorgan + +; + +Turkmenistan +: +Sandikatzi +env. [Sandykgacy], + +3- 13.v.1993 + +, 1♁, leg. +J. Halada +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz. + + + + + +D i a g n o s i s. + +Andrena discus + +can be recognised as part of the subgenus + +Ulandrena + +in the female sex due to the hind tibial spur which is broadened submedially, the lack of a raised latitudinal carina on the posterior face of the hind femur, the extremely dense, fine, and regular punctation of the scutum ( +Figure 9 +), the weakly and obscurely plumose hairs of the tibial scopae, and in the male sex due to the extensive yellow facial markings ( +Figure 12 +; covering the clypeus and the lower paraocular areas) combined with the genital capsule that has the penis valves broadened, forming a more or less rounded disc ( +Figure 15 +). + + +Its moderate body size ( +7-8 mm +), dark female face ( +Figure 8 +; without yellow markings), dark terga with hints of weak metallic green reflections ( +Figure 10 +; without red markings), and female hind tibial claws with a clear inner subapical tooth allow the female to be separated from all + +Ulandrena + +species currently known from Central Asia, which are either much larger (> +12 mm +in length, + +A. elegans +GIRAUD, 1863 + +, + +A. fedtschenkoi +MORAWITZ, 1876 + +), have yellow facial markings ( + +A. fedtschenkoi + +, + +A. eburneoclypeata +LEBEDEV, 1929 + +), + + +have red-marked terga ( + +A. leucorhina +MORAWITZ, 1876 + +, + +A. mikhaili +OSYTSHNJUK, 1982 + +, + +A. nesterovi +OSYTSHNJUK, 1982 + +), or lack an inner subapical tooth on the hind tarsal claws ( + +A. elegans + +, + +A. fedtschenkoi + +, + +A. eburneoclypeata + +, + +A. mikhaili + +, and + +A. nesterovi + +). + + +The genital capsule of the male is unusual since due to the penis valves forming a rounded disc shape ( +Figure 15 +) it resembles a form found more commonly in the Mediterranean species, most pertinently + +A. neocypriaca +MAVROMOUSTAKIS, 1956 + +( +Bulgaria +, +Greece +, +Cyprus +, +Turkey +, +Syria +). + +Andrena discus + +can be easily separated from + +A. neocypriaca + +because the gonostyli are produced into rounded but clearly projecting teeth, whereas in + +A. neocypriaca + +the gonostyli are truncate, with their inner margins forming 90 +o +angles ( +Figure 16 +). Additionally, A3-7 of + +A. neocypriaca + +also show bulbous projections ventrally, giving the antennae a distinctly serrate appearance in their basal half; all antennal segments are parallel-sided in + +A. discus + +. + + +Finally, + +A. discus + +males are very similar in appearance to the males of + +A. satellita +NURSE, 1904 + +which is known only from the +type +series collected around Peshin in western +Pakistan +( +Figures 17-20 +). This species was described only from the male sex, without description of the genital capsule ( +NURSE 1904 +), and none of the inspected specimens at the Natural History Museum, London, had their genital capsule visible. However, the two species can be separated by the antennal ratios. In + +A. discus + +, A3 is long, almost equalling the length of A4+5; A4 is short and subquadrate, measured along its ventral surface it is shorter than broad, and clearly shorter than A5, A5-13 all rectangular and longer than broad ( +Figure 13 +). In + +A. satellita + +, A3 is also long, equalling A4+5, but A4 and A5 are short and subquadrate, at most as long as broad, and A6-13 are only slightly longer than broad ( +Figure 19 +). + +D e s c r i p t i o n. + +Female. Body length: +7-8 mm +( +Figure 7 +). Head: Dark, 1.2 times wider than long ( +Figure 8 +). Clypeus weakly domed, surface finely microreticulate, weakly shining; surface punctate, punctures with weakly raised rims, separated by 0.5-2 puncture diameters. Clypeus dark over majority of surface, with weak but distinct metallic green reflections along its lateral and dorsal margins. Process of labrum trapezoidal, twice as broad as long, apical margin with faint shallow emargination. Gena slightly exceeding diameter of compound eye; ocelloccipital distance equalling diameter of lateral ocellus. Foveae occupying ½ space between compound eye and lateral ocellus; foveae filled with light whitish-brown hairs. Frons and lower paraocular areas with weak but distinct metallic green reflections. Face, gena, frons, and scape with light whitish-brown hairs, none approaching length of scape. Antennae basally dark, A5-12 ventrally strongly lightened due to presence of orange scales. A3 slightly exceeding A4+5, shorter than A4+5+6. + + +Mesosoma: Scutum and scutellum extremely densely punctate, punctures almost confluent, separated by <0.5 puncture diameters; interspaces shining ( +Figure 9 +). Pronotum rounded. Mesepisternum microreticulate; dorsolateral parts of propodeum more strongly microreticulate, forming network of raised reticulation. Propodeal triangle weakly defined by lateral carinae, internal surface with raised reticulation, not strongly differentiated from dorsolateral parts of propodeum. Mesepisternum with long white hairs, approaching length of scape; scutum and scutellum with very short almost squamous light brown hairs, not obscuring underlying surface. Propodeal corbicula incomplete, dorsal fringe strong, composed of long plumose light brown hairs, internal surface with occasionally simple yellowish hairs. Legs dark, apical tarsal segments lightened orange, pubescence whitish. + + + +Figs 7-10: + +Andrena +( +Ulandrena +) +discus + +nov.sp. +female ( +7 +) profile; ( +8 +) face, frontal view; ( +9 +) scutum, dorsal view; ( +10 +) terga, dorsal view. + + +Flocculus strong, composed of white plumose hairs; femoral and tibial scopae with white hairs, those of tibial scopa weakly but distinctly plumose. Hind tibial claws with inner tooth. Wings hyaline, stigma and venation orange, nervulus interstitial. + +Metasoma: Tergal discs dark, with weak hints of metallic blue-green colouration; tergal margins broadly lightened hyaline-white apically to brownish basally ( +Figure 10 +). Terga with very weak microsculpture, more or less shining. Terga densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters. Tergal discs with scattered short hairs, T1-4 with apical hair bands of white hairs, complete in fresh individuals, obscuring underlying surface when fresh.; apical fringe of T5 composed of golden hairs overlain by longer white hairs, hairs flanking pygidial plate golden. Pygidial plate narrowly triangular, apex rounded, surface with weakly raised longitudinal rounded area medially. + + +Male. Body length: +7-8 mm +( +Figure 11 +). Head: Dark, 1.3 times wider than long ( +Figure 12 +). Clypeus weakly domed, surface finely microreticulate, weakly shining; surface regularly punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameter. Clypeus entirely and lower paraocular areas with pale ivory colouration. Process of labrum trapezoidal, twice as broad as long, apical margin with shallow emargination, surface smooth and shining. Gena equalling diameter of compound eye; ocelloccipital distance slightly exceeding diameter of lateral ocellus. Face, gena, frons, and scape with long white hairs, longest slightly exceeding length of scape. Antennae basally dark, A5-13 ventrally strongly lightened due to presence of orange scales. A3 exceeding length of A4, slightly shorter than length of A4+5, A4 subquadrate, slightly shorter than broad, clearly shorter than A5; A5 rectangular, slightly longer than broad, A6-13 clearly longer than broad ( +Figure 13 +). + + + +Figs 11-16: + +Andrena +( +Ulandrena +) +discus + +nov.sp. +male ( +11 +) profile; ( +12 +) face, frontal view; ( +13 +) antennae detail, frontal view; ( +14 +) terga, dorsal view; ( +15 +) genital capsule, dorsal view. + +Andrena +( +Ulandrena +) +neocypriaca + +nov.sp. +male ( +16 +) genital capsule, dorsal view. + + +Mesosoma: Scutum and scutellum clearly punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters, sparser medially; underlying surface laterally shagreened and dull, medially smooth and shining. Pronotum rounded. Mesepisternum and propodeum structurally as in female. Mesosoma with long white hairs, longest equalling length of scape. Legs dark, apical tarsal segments lightened orange-brown, pubescence whitish. Hind tarsal claws with strong inner tooth. Wings hyaline, stigma and venation orange, nervulus weakly postfurcal. + + +Figs 17-20: + +Andrena +( +Ulandrena +) +satellita + +NURSE +, 1904 + + +male syntype ( +17 +) label details; ( +18 +) profile; ( +19 +) face, frontal view; ( +20 +) terga, dorsal view. + + + +Metasoma: Tergal discs dark, with weak hints of metallic blue-green colouration; tergal margins broadly lightened hyaline-white apically to brownish basally ( +Figure 14 +). Terga predominantly with weak microsculpture, more or less shining, tergal discs shagreened basally, here dull. Terga punctate, punctures separated by 1-2 puncture diameters. Tergal discs with scattered short hairs; T1-4 with apical hair bands of white hairs, complete in fresh individuals, obscuring underlying surface when fresh. S8 columnar, apical margin truncate with shallow emargination, ventral surface covered with short whitish hairs. Genital capsule moderately elongate, gonocoxae apically produced into rounded projecting teeth, gonostyli apically broadened, flattened, and spatulate, inner margin raised, dorsal surface covered with short golden hairs. Penis valves broad, lateral hyaline extensions forming rounded elongate disc, occupying majority of space between penis valves. + + +D i s t r i b u t i o n: North-eastern +Iran +(provinces of +North Khorasan +, +Razavi Khorasan +), southern +Turkmenistan +, and +Tajikistan +. Probably present also in northern +Afghanistan +and southern +Uzbekistan +. + + +D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s: From the Latin +discus +meaning a disc, in reference to the round shape formed by the penis valves. It is a noun in apposition. + + + +O t h e r m a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: ( + +Andrena satellita + +NURSE +, 1904 + + +): +Pakistan +: Peshin, iv.[19]03, 1♁, leg. +C.G. Nurse +, coll. +Natural History Museum +, London ( +syntype +; +Figures 17-20 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/58/87/165887FC035EED4D32EBFBDDCB88FC5F.xml b/data/16/58/87/165887FC035EED4D32EBFBDDCB88FC5F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32077cfa2cd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/58/87/165887FC035EED4D32EBFBDDCB88FC5F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,305 @@ + + + +New Andrena species from Central Asia (Hymenoptera, Andrenidae) + + + +Author + +Wood, Thomas + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2023 + +55 + + +1 + + +355 +371 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.10415212 +0253-116X +10415212 + + + + + + + +Andrena +( +Habromelissa +) +sanguinea + +nov.sp. +( +Figs 1-6 +) + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Holotypes +: +Kyrgyzstan +:TerskejMt. +R +., +15km +SSE +Kotchkorka +vill. [Kochkor], 42.1003 +oN +, 75.8336 +oE +, 20.xiii.1994, +1♀ +, leg. +D. Milko +, coll. +Biologiezentrum Linz + +; + +Paratypes +: +Kyrgyzstan +: +Terskej Mt. +R +., + +15 km +SSE Kotchkorka + +vill. [Kochkor], 20.xiii.1994, +1♀ +, leg. +D. Milko +, coll. +T +. +J. Wood + +. + + + + +D i a g n o s i s. + +Andrena sanguinea + +is challenging to recognise, as most of the characters defining the subgenus + +Habromelissa + +are found in the male sex (see discussion in +WOOD 2023b +). They can be recognised by their relatively small body size, their slim appearance, pronotum with weak humeral angle, foveae occupying more than half of space between lateral ocellus and compound eye ( +Figure 4 +), foveae not extending ventrally below the level of the antennal insertions, clypeus slightly domed, process of the labrum with strong 90 +o +angle separating frontal and ventral parts, long A3 exceeding length of A4+5 ( +Figure 2 +), terga extensively red-marked ( +Figure 6 +), and summer to autumn emergence. They are closest to + +A. qinhaiensis +XU, 1994 + +( +China +: +Gansu +, +Qinghai +) and +A. angustula +WOOD, 2023 ( +Mongolia +). + + +They can be separated from + +A. qinhaiensis + +by the dull clypeus which is shagreened over the majority of its area and covered in weakly raised but distinct latitudinal striations ( +Figure 3 +; in + +A. qinhaiensis + +with clypeus shining over the majority of its area, without latitudinal striations), ocelloccipital distance slightly exceeding the diameter of a lateral ocellus, vertex clearly punctate and weakly shining ( +Figure 4 +; in + +A. qinhaiensis + +with ocelloccipital distance equalling 0.5 times the diameter of a lateral ocellus, vertex shagreened and dull, with obscure punctures), scutum and scutellum smooth and shining over the majority of their area, with only small shagreened areas anteriorly and laterally ( +Figure 5 +; in + +A. qinhaiensis + +with the scutum and scutellum more extensively shagreened, with only a small smooth and shining area medially), and foveae filled with white hairs ( +Figure 4 +; in + +A. qinhaiensis + +foveae filled with dark brown hairs). + + + +Figs 1-6: + +Andrena +( +Habromelissa +) +sanguinea + +nov.sp. +female ( +1 +) profile; ( +2 +) face, frontal view; ( +3 +) clypeus detail, frontal view; ( +4 +) frons and vertex, dorsofrontal view; ( +5 +) scutum, dorsal view; ( +6 +) terga, dorsal view. + + + +They can be separated from +A. angustula +due to the wider facial foveae which occupy essentially the entire space between the compound eye and a lateral ocellus ( +Figure 4 +; in +A. angustula +occupying 3/4rds of the space between the compound eye and a lateral ocellus), by the sculpture of the frons which is covered with dense longitudinal striations, these somewhat obscure the underling surface so that the punctures of the underlying integument are partially obscured ( +Figure 4 +; in +A. angustula +with the frons lacking clear longitudinal striations, the surface of the integument of the frons visible along with its clear and unobscured punctures), by the orange hind tibiae and tarsi ( +Figure 1 +; in +A. angustula +with hind legs dark), and by the sculpture of the clypeus which has very weakly but distinctly raised latitudinal ridges giving a sculptured appearance ( +Figure 3 +; in +A. angustula +with the clypeus evenly shagreened, without such latitudinal ridges). + + +It is important to note that an additional specimen from +Kyrgyzstan +(see below) could not be confidently placed into either this new species or any of the existing species concepts, as whilst it is closest to + +A. sanguinea + +, the sculpture of the frons is quite different with clear visible interspaces between the longitudinal striations of the frons, in which deep punctures can be seen. This approaches the condition seen in +A. angustula +. This specimen was also collected in mid-July, a full month before the late August capture date of the + +A. sanguinea + +type +series. All +three specimens +display relatively unabraded wings; it is difficult to conclude further with such limited material. Until more material is available, particularly male material, this specimen is best referred to as + +A. +aff +sanguinea + +, and it is not included in the +type +series. + +D e s c r i p t i o n. + +Female. Body length: +10 mm +( +Figure 1 +). Head: Dark, 1.2 times wider than long ( +Figure 2 +). Clypeus weakly elevated, more or less flattened medially; surface with fine granular shagreen, dull to weakly shining along apical margin, in basal 3/4rds with weakly but distinctly raised ridges which form pattern of latitudinal striations ( +Figure 3 +). Clypeal surface punctate, punctures separated by 0.5 puncture diameters laterally, becoming sparser medially, here separated by 1-2 puncture diameters, some punctures latitudinally elongate due to presence of latitudinal striations. Process of labrum unusual, with strong 90 +o +angle separating frontal and ventral parts; viewed frontally process of labrum short, three times wider than long, rectangular; viewed ventrally, forming rounded semi-circular shape, slightly wider than long. Gena slightly exceeding diameter of compound eye; ocelloccipital distance slightly exceeding diameter of lateral ocellus, vertex behind ocellar triangle weakly shining, densely punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-1 puncture diameters. Foveae broad, occupying almost entire space between compound eye and lateral ocellus, ventrally slightly narrowing at level of antennal insertions; foveae filled with white hairs ( +Figure 4 +). Frons covered with dense longitudinal striations, underlying integument punctate, punctures separated by 1-2 puncture diameters, partially obscured by overlying network of striations. Face, gena, frons, and scape with short white hairs, none approaching length of scape. Antennae dark, A5-12 ventrally lightened by presence of brownish-orange scales. A3 clearly exceeding length of A4+5, slightly shorter than A4+5+6. + + +Mesosoma: Scutum and scutellum polished and shining over majority of surface, with weak shagreenation only in apical ¼ of scutum ( +Figure 5 +); surface irregularly punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-2 puncture diameters. Pronotum with weak but distinct humeral angle. Mesepisternum with fine reticulation, weakly shining. Dorsolateral parts of propodeum reticulate, some reticulation forming weakly raised latitudinal ridges; propodeal triangle weakly defined by lateral carinae, internal surface covered with raised reticulation, not strongly differentiated from dorsolateral parts of propodeum; medially with distinct longitudinal impression. Mesepisternum with whitish hairs; scutum and scutellum laterally with shorter whitish hairs, hairs slightly thickened but not squamous. Propodeal corbicula incomplete, dorsal fringe very sparse, composed of very weakly plumose white hairs, internal surface with short simple white hairs. Legs dark basally, tarsi and hind tibiae lightened orange, pubescence light brown. Flocculus weak, composed of white plumose hairs; femoral and tibial scopae with white simple hairs. Hind tibial claws with small inner tooth. Wings hyaline, stigma and venation orange, nervulus antefurcal. + + +Metasoma: Terga extensively red-marked ( +Figure 6 +), red markings present on T1 (apical half), T2 (entirely with exception of two small black spots laterally), T3 (entirely to predominantly), and T4 (laterally). Terga with very faint sculpture, more or less polished and shining, tergal discs punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-2 puncture diameters, marginal areas more sporadically punctate, punctures separated by 0.5-3 puncture diameters. Terga with scattered short whitish hairs; apical fringe of T5 composed of golden hairs overlain by longer white hairs, hairs flanking pygidial plate golden. Pygidial plate triangular with narrowly truncate apical margin and raised margins laterally, internal surface with strongly elevated triangular area medially. + +Male. Unknown. + +D i s t r i b u t i o n: North-eastern +Kyrgyzstan +. + + +D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s: Feminine singular nominative form of the Latin adjective +sanguineo +meaning ‘blood-stained’, in reference to the red-marked metasoma. O t h e r m a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: ( + +A. +aff +sanguinea + +): +Kyrgyzstan +: vlakte bergen riv. + + +Teyeksu [ +35 km +E Bokonbayevo], 42.0761 +oN +, 77.3781 +oE +, +17.vii.2019 +, +1♀ +, leg. M. Jacobs & K. + +Janssen, coll. T.J. Wood. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881C2CCF6691FDC4FEA8.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881C2CCF6691FDC4FEA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..79fa0cff25f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881C2CCF6691FDC4FEA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Collotheca ornata +( +Ehrenberg, 1832 +) + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 4B +) + + + + + + + +Froscularia ornata +Ehrenberg 1832: 146 + + +. + + + + + +Collotheca ornata + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 688 + +, + +Meksuwan et al. 2013: 13 + +, + +Shiel 1995: 33 + + + + +Notes. Despite the fact that + +C. ornata cornuta + +is considered more typical of +Antarctica +( +Dougherty & Harris 1963 +, +Dartnall 1995 +, +2000 +and others), we considered the collected individuals to be representative of the typical species + +C. ornata + +due to the lack of a specific worm-like appendage on the spinal blade. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881D2C966260FE29FE4F.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881D2C966260FE29FE4F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e997cb40218 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881D2C966260FE29FE4F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Philodina alata +Murray, 1910 + + + + + + + + + + +Philodina alata +Murray 1910: 46 + + +– + +Donner 1965: 207 + +, + +Kutikova 1991: 93 +, 95 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 207 + + + +Notes. All individuals in plankton samples are contracted but could be identified by two characteristic lateral appendages. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881D2CBB62ABFBAFFDC8.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881D2CBB62ABFBAFFDC8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..99a5e084152 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB0881D2CBB62ABFBAFFDC8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Philodina gregaria +Murray, 1910 + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 3B +) + + + + + + + +Philodina gregaria +Murray, 1910: 42 + + +– + +Dartnall & Hollowday 1985: 33 + +, + +Donner 1965: 202 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 221 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2C9E604AFE41FC44.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2C9E604AFE41FC44.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..779be3edd32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2C9E604AFE41FC44.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Keratella tecta +( +Gosse, 1851 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Anuraea tecta +Gosse 1851: 202 + + + + + + + +Keratella cochlearis tecta + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 603 + + + + + + +Keratella tecta +– + + +Shiel 1995: 70 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CAD669AFC73F9BF.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CAD669AFC73F9BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a25594a976e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CAD669AFC73F9BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + +Epiphanes senta +( +Müller, 1773 +) + + + + + + +( +Fig. 4C +) + + + + + + + +Vorticella senta +Müller 1773: 109 + + + + + + + +Epiphanes senta + +– + +Dartnall & Hollowday 1985: 6 +, + + +Kutikova 1970: 507 + +, + +Shiel 1995: 62 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CAF6773FCADFB80.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CAF6773FCADFB80.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..81d5567d41e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CAF6773FCADFB80.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Notholca verae +Kutikova, 1958 + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 4E +) + + + + + + + +Notholca verae +Kutikova 1958: 45 + + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 618 +, 623 + +, + +Kutikova 1991: 94 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CB861C9FD62FCED.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CB861C9FD62FCED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5afd5f02f32 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CB861C9FD62FCED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Keratella cochlearis +( +Gosse, 1851 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Anuraea cochlearis +Gosse 1851: 202 + + + + + + + +Keratella cochlearis +– + + +Kutikova 1970: 600 + +, + +Shiel 1995: 70 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CCC6288FDE9FDAB.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CCC6288FDE9FDAB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..245e6a5af74 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CCC6288FDE9FDAB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Kellicottia longispina +( +Kellicott, 1879 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Anuraea longispina +Kellicott 1879: 19 + + + + + + + +Kellicottia longispina + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 613 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CDF6797FD75FABA.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CDF6797FD75FABA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6bde1f4156c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB1881C2CDF6797FD75FABA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Encentrum saundersiae +( +Hudson, 1885 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Taphrocampa saundersiae +Hudson 1885: 614 + + + + + + + +Encentrum (Parencentrum) saundersiae + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 410 + + + + + + +Encentrum saundersiae +– + + +De Smet & Pourriot 1997: 164 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB2881F2CA16572FD6FF966.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB2881F2CA16572FD6FF966.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9091e4e64ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB2881F2CA16572FD6FF966.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Lepadella patella +( +Müller, 1773 +) + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 4D +) + + + + + + + +Brachionus patella +Müller 1773: 341 + + + + + + + +Lepadella patella + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 550 + +, + +Kutikova 1991: 93 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB2881F2CD76700FD66FA83.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB2881F2CD76700FD66FA83.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6242fc9dc39 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB2881F2CD76700FD66FA83.xml @@ -0,0 +1,145 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Rhinoglena cf. frontalis +Ehrenberg, 1853 + + + + + + + + + + +Rhinoglena +frontalis +Ehrenberg 1853: 190 + + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 504 + +, + +Shiel 1995: 63 + + + + + + +Notes. The identification raised some doubts because other representatives of the genus – +Rhinoglena fertoeensis +(Varga, 1929) and recently described +Rh. kutikovae +De Smet, 2008 +– also inhabit East +Antarctica, Bunger Hills +oasis ( +Kutikova 1958 +, +1991 +, +De Smet & Gibson 2008 +). Especially, we did not observe trophi of the collected +Rhinoglena +individuals; hence, we should determine the species as ‘ +Rhinoglena +cf. +frontalis +’. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CB96293FC45FDA6.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CB96293FC45FDA6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7e5ac184b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CB96293FC45FDA6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Cephalodella sterea +( +Gosse, 1887 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Furcularia sterea +Gosse 1887: 864 + + + + + + + +Cephalodella sterea + +– + +Kutikova 1970: 238 + +, + +Kutikova 1991: 87 +, 93 + +, + +Nogrady et al. 1995: 127 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CD66231FBE1FE26.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CD66231FBE1FE26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6ca2b7c5051 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CD66231FBE1FE26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Cephalodella forficata +( +Ehrenberg, 1832 +) + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 4A +) + + + + + + + +Notommata forficata +Ehrenberg 1832: 134 + + + + + + + +Cephalodella forficata +– + + +Dartnall & Hollowday 1985: 16 + +, + +Kutikova 1970: 262 + +, + +Nogrady et al. 1995: 76 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CEA61ECFC12FCE9.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CEA61ECFC12FCE9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f8542683361 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFB3881E2CEA61ECFC12FCE9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Resticula gelida +(Harring & Myers, 1924) + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 4F +) + + + + + + + +Eosphora gelida +Harring & Myers 1922: 642 + + + + + + + +Resticula gelida +– + + +Dartnall & Hollowday 1985: 21 + +, + +Kutikova 1970: 288 +, + + +Nogrady et al. 1995: 213 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBD88102CAD61F8FC4BFB9E.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBD88102CAD61F8FC4BFB9E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd6275d92c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBD88102CAD61F8FC4BFB9E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Adineta editae +Iakovenko, 2015 + + + + + + + + + + +Adineta editae +Iakovenko 2015: 15 + + +. + + + + + + +Adineta gracilis +Janson, 1893: 77 + + +– + +Dartnall & Hollowday 1985: 30 + +, + +Donner 1965: 274 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 271 + + + + +Notes. Based on the external morphology, we firstly considered these + +Adineta + +representatives with rostrum lamella not divided into lobes and without filamentous bristles as + +Adineta gracilis +, + +which seemed quite fair. Despite the fact that the species was already recorded in +Antarctica +( +Murray 1910 +; +Sudzuki 1964 +; Sohlenius et al. 1996; +Sohlenius & Bostrőm 2005 +), its taxonomy has recently become the subject of lively discussion. Especially after +Iakovenko et al. (2015) +, who, using mitochondrial DNA sequencing, morphometry and analysis of masticatory apparatus, suggested to revise most of all Antarctic + +Adineta gracilis + +recorded in earlier taxonomic works as was the case with + +A. editae +Iakovenko, 2015 + +. After the publication of the above quoted work and after the consultation with its author (N.S. Iakovenko) our identification of + +Adineta gracilis + +has changed, and we reconsidered the species as + +Adineta editae +. + +The main features, that settled our diagnosis and allowed to distinguish + +A. editae + +from + +A. gracilis + +were the following traits: (1) larger size (more than 300 µm), (2) relatively massive and wide trunk, (3) absence of the head elongation in the direction from the distal to the proximal. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBD88122CBA67DAFEFEFE4C.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBD88122CBA67DAFEFEFE4C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c260b0e4a28 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBD88122CBA67DAFEFEFE4C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Adineta cf. grandis +Murray, 1910 + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 3A +) + + + + + + + +Adineta grandis +Murray, 1910: 51 + + +– + +Dartnall & Hollowday 1985: 33 + +, + +Donner 1965: 273 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 275 + +, + +Iakovenko et al. 2015: 20 + + + + +Notes. The following traits of + +A. grandis + +we considered as specific for the species: (1) vivacity and (2) very large sizes of the body (up to 500 µm and even higher) and trophi (up to 30 µm). Hundreds of such individuals (up to approximately 800 per +100 mg +of substrate) that had other features of + +A. grandis + +i.e. colored in orange, reddish or brownish, relatively short foot, rostrum lamella divided in two lobes ( +Fig. 3A1–4 +) were found in dry organic sediments. It is worth noting that the obtained body measurements for + +A. grandis + +strongly coincide with data from a completely different location of +Antarctica +– Cape Royds ( +type +locality) and Antarctic Peninsula. Absolutely all ratio indices were within the range indicated for + +A. grandis + +from other regions ( +Table 2 +). All this supports the unambiguity of this identification; still the cryptic species + +A. fontanetoi +Iakovenko et al., 2015 + +should not be excluded. This species has the same external morphology as + +A. grandis + +and the differences may be found only at the molecular level or in slightly larger sizes of trophi. In this way, we have no choice except to consider this species as + +A +. cf. +grandis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122C9362A8FDD9FD7A.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122C9362A8FDD9FD7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d84229b349 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122C9362A8FDD9FD7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Adineta steineri +Bartoš, 1951 + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 3D +) + + + + + + + +Adineta steineri +Bartoš 1951: 478 + + +– + +Donner 1965: 270 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 271 + + + + +Notes. The species is easily identifiable because of long bristles on the trunk ( +Fig. 3D +). + +A. steineri + +is widely distributed outside +Antarctica +, but was found at the continent, too (Sohlenius et al. 1996; +Sohlenius & Bostrőm 2005 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CB067BEFE70FA68.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CB067BEFE70FA68.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7251f2f104c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CB067BEFE70FA68.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Adineta cf. vaga minor +Bryce, 1893 + + + + + + + + + + +Adineta vaga minor +Bryce 1893: 146 + + +– + +Donner 1965: 274 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 275 + +. + + + +Notes. As with + +Adineta +cf. +vaga vaga + +, +the identification of another form of the species was ambiguous. Due to the smaller sizes (250–300 µm), the ‘subtle‘ exterior and smooth transition from the posterior end of the trunk to the preanal segment, the morphospecies was considered + +A. vaga minor +Bryce, 1893 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CB161BEFCC9FB99.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CB161BEFCC9FB99.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f1c3685c4c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CB161BEFCC9FB99.xml @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Adineta cf. vaga vaga +( +Davis, 1873 +) + + + + + + + +( +Fig. 3C +) + + + + + + + +Callidina vaga +Davis 1873: 201 + + + + + + + +Adineta vaga +– + + +Donner 1965: 295 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 275 + + + + +N o t e s. This morphospecies was identified as typical form of the + +Adineta vaga +( +Davis, 1873 +) + +, which is the very common oviparous species characterized by rostrum with two lobes bearing not bristles but only very short cilia ( +Fig. 3C +). +Iakovenko et al. (2015) +pointed that newly described + +A. emsliei +Iakovenko et al., 2015 + +strongly resembles + +A. vaga +. + +However, the registered morphospecies (1) was colourless, not bright orange or brown; (2) has triangular simple spurs, not needle-formed based on bulbs. These diagnostic peculiarities approached the observed rotifers much closer to + +A. vaga + +and distingushed them from + +A. emsliei + +. However, the morphometric analysis shows the similarity with + +A. emsliei + +in basic proportions of the head, body and foot. Also the rump of the species is rather long but narrower ( +Table 2 +). Obviously, for more correct comparison, more data (measured individuals) are needed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CD0654AFD10F96D.xml b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CD0654AFD10F96D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7d0a1c61775 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/2E/16592E43FFBF88122CD0654AFD10F96D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Rotifers (Rotifera) from the inland waters and terrestrial habitats of East Antarctic oases (Enderby Land and Prydz Bay) + + + +Author + +LUKASHANETS, Dzmitry A. + + + +Author + +VEZHNAVETS, Vasily V. + + + +Author + +MAYSAK, Natalia N. + + + +Author + +HIHINIAK 1, Yury H. + + + +Author + +BORODIN, Oleg I. + + + +Author + +MIAMIN, Vladislav Ye. + + + +Author + +GAIDASHOV, Alexey A. + + + +Author + +NIKITIUK, Leonid A. + +text + + +Fragmenta Faunistica + + +2019 + +2019-12-31 + + +62 + + +2 + + +67 +86 + + + + +https://rcin.org.pl/miiz/dlibra/publication/119805/edition/94090/content + +journal article +20457 +10.3161/00159301FF2019.62.2.067 +ffb0603a-4f92-4eb7-880c-e10b6edaab80 +2391-5846 +6252396 + + + + + + + +Macrotrachela kallosoma +( +Schulte, 1954 +) + + + + + + + + + + +Mniobia kallosoma +Schulte 1954: 606 + + + + + + + +Macrotrachela kallosoma +– + + +Donner 1965: 151 + +, + +Kutikova 2005: 142 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/59/A0/1659A0BB796C1AE74C17612EF8ECE4BD.xml b/data/16/59/A0/1659A0BB796C1AE74C17612EF8ECE4BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b1f97fc3a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/59/A0/1659A0BB796C1AE74C17612EF8ECE4BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,349 @@ + + + +A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador + + + +Author + +Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina + + + +Author + +Whitfield, James B. + + + +Author + +Janzen, Daniel H. + + + +Author + +Winifred Hallwachs, + + + +Author + +Dyer, Lee A. + + + +Author + +Smith, M. Alex + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D. N. + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +890 + + +1 +685 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 +1313-2970-890-1 +FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5 +2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97 + + + + +Glyptapanteles marshawheelerae Arias-Penna, sp. nov. +Fig. 156 + + + +Female. + +Body length +3.28 mm +, antenna length +3.33 mm +, fore wing length +3.53 mm +. + + + +Type material. + + + +Holotype + +: +ECUADOR +• +1♀ +; EC-1491, YY-A021; +Napo +, +Yanayacu Biological Station +, +Yanayacu Forest +; cloud forest; + +2,100 m + +; - 0.6, -77.883333; + +24.i.2005 + +; +Lee Dyer +leg.; cocoons away from host in running trail; adult parasitoids emerged on + +21.iii.2005 + +; ( +PUCE +) + +. + + +Paratypes +. + +• 17 ( +4♀ +, +5♂ +) ( +4♀ +, +4♂ +); EC-1491, YY-A021; same data as for holotype; ( +PUCE +) + +. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Shape of proximal half of propodeum more strongly curved in dorsal view ( +Fig. 156F +), longitudinal median carina on face absent ( +Fig. 156B +), lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition, edges of median area on T2 polished and followed by a deep groove ( +Fig. 156G, H +), propodeum without median longitudinal carina ( +Fig. 156F +), anteroventral contour of mesopleuron convex ( +Fig. 156A, I +), and fore wing with r vein curved, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a distinct stub ( +Fig. 156K +). + + + +Figure 156. + +Glyptapanteles marshawheelerae + +sp. nov. female EC-1491 YY-A021 +A +Habitus +B, D +Head +B +Frontal view +D +Dorsal view +C +Head, pronotum, propleuron, lateral view +E +Mesonotum, dorsal view +F +Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view +G +T1-3, dorsal view +H, J +Metasoma +H +Dorsal view +J +Lateral view +I +Mesosoma, lateral view +K, L +Wings +K +Fore +L +Hind. + + + + +Coloration + +( + +Fig. 156 +A-L + +). General body coloration polished black except scape brown distally with a yellow-brown ring; labrum, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow; pedicel and all antennal flagellomeres (on both sides) brown; labrum and mandibles brown-red/reddish. Eyes and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except brown claw and tarsomeres with brown tints; hind legs yellow except coxae black, but distally yellow, femora distally with a small brown spot, distal 1/3 of tibiae brown, additionally tibiae proximally with a brown band, and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median area black, adjacent area brown with a silhouette well-defined, and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly brown with proximal half of lateral ends yellow, proximally width of dark area coincides with the width of median and adjacent areas on T2, but distally dark area reaching the edge of T3; T4 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with an narrow yellow translucent band. In lateral view, T1-2 completely yellow; T3-4 yellow, but dorsally brown; T5 and beyond brown. S1-4 yellow; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown. + + + +Description. + +Head +( + +Fig. 156 +A-D + +). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.28:0.08, 0.29:0.08, 0.28:0.08), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.15:0.07, 0.12:0.07), antenna longer than body (3.33, 3.28); antennal scrobes-frons sloped and forming a shelf. Face flat or nearly so, with dense fine punctations, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina absent. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces clearly smooth. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.09, 0.14). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli slightly depressed. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide. + + +Mesosoma +( +Fig. 156A, E, F, I +). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces smooth. Scutellum long and slender, apex sloped and fused with +BS +, but not in the same plane, scutellar punctation distinct peripherally and absent centrally, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; +BS +only very partially overlapping the +MPM +; +ATS +demilune inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal +ATS +groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation sloped, smooth and shiny. Metanotum with +BM +wider than +PFM +(clearly differentiated); +MPM +circular without median longitudinal carina; +AFM +without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as +PFM +; +PFM +thick, smooth and with lateral ends rounded; ATM proximally with sculpture distally without a well delimited smooth area. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved with fine sculpture and distal half relatively polished; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and short stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum convex. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge elongated more fusiform (tapering at both ends). + + +Legs. +Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.12, 0.09). Hind coxa finely punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.31, 0.25), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.17, 0.16). + + +Wings +( +Fig. 156K, L +). Fore wing with r vein slightly curved; 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe very narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae absent proximally, but scattered distally. + + +Metasoma +( +Fig. 156A, G, H, J +). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but barely narrowing at apex, apex truncate (length 0.41, maximum width 0.27, minimum width 0.17), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition (length median area 0.12, length T2 0.21), edges of median area polished, median area broader than long (length 0.12, maximum width 0.30, minimum width 0.16); T2 with scarce pubescence throughout. T3 longer than T2 (0.26, 0.21) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense. + + +Cocoons. +Unknown. + + + +Comments. + +The ovipositor is long as in + +Sathon + +( +Fig. 156A, J +). + + + +Male. +Coloration similar to female. + + +Etymology. + +Marsha Wheeler was interested in molecular analyses of endocrine and nutritional factors that affect division of labor and health in honey bees ( + +Apis Mellifera + +Linnaeus) as a graduate student at +UIUC +, +IL +, +USA +. + + + +Distribution. + +Parasitized caterpillar was collected in +Ecuador +, +Napo +, Yanayacu Biological Station ( +Yanayacu Forest +), during +January 2005 +at +2,100 m +in cloud forest. + + + +Biology. +The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious. + + +Host. + +Undetermined species of +Lepidoptera +feeding on + +Vismia + +sp. ( +Clusiaceae +). Caterpillar instar was not reported. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5A/01/165A01AEBC01104EFF2F496DBD152AA5.xml b/data/16/5A/01/165A01AEBC01104EFF2F496DBD152AA5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c72a8ec983 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5A/01/165A01AEBC01104EFF2F496DBD152AA5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Phalaena falcataria +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + + +P. +Geometra +pectinicornis, alis falcatis glaucis: anticis undis fasciaque griseis puncto fusco. + + +De Geer ins. +1. +t. +24. +f. +7. + + + + +Habitat in +Betula alba, Alno. + + + + +Mas puncto ferrugineo in medio alae juxta fasciam, quo +femina caret. Larva +est coarctata uti Lacertinariae +. Bergman. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5A/93/165A93C5AC48BC26395975D5C8402328.xml b/data/16/5A/93/165A93C5AC48BC26395975D5C8402328.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4c15f30dff7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5A/93/165A93C5AC48BC26395975D5C8402328.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828-4-8151 + + + + +Dolichogenidea gagates (Nees, 1834) + + + + +Microgaster gagates +Nees, 1834 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF88FF86FDE5F947FDE7FD22.xml b/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF88FF86FDE5F947FDE7FD22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dc7783dae54 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF88FF86FDE5F947FDE7FD22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,410 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Attemsostreptus Verhoeff, 1941 with description of a new species from Tanzania and notes on the tribe Trachystreptini Cook, 1896 (Spirostreptida, Diplopoda) + + + +Author + +Akkari, Nesrine + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2019 + +2019-11-07 + + +575 + + +1 +12 + + + +journal article +24928 +10.5852/ejt.2019.575 +e60f857a-280d-4d2e-97d4-1045c4487585 +3532807 +42DD0561-54BC-437F-9467-A852CD980C9D + + + + + + +Attemsostreptus reflexus + +sp. nov. + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +ACE58179-F898-43CD-A9CC-BE4121D77A8C + + + + + +Figs 2–5 + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +A species of genus + +Attemsostreptus + +that differs from + +A. costatus + +in the shape of the coxal apical and lateral processes, and in the presence of coxal distomesal spines. + + + + +Fig. 1. + +Attemsostreptus costatus +Verhoeff, 1941 + +, type material ZSM. +A +. Gonopods, anterior view. +Aa +. Overview of slide A 200427814, containing the gonopods. +B +. Slide A20042785, left gonopod, anterior view. +C +. Telopodite. +D–G +. Overview of Verhoeff’s slides (ZSM) A20042785, A20042783, A20042784, A20042785. For abbreviations, see Material and methods. Aa, D–G photo credit J. Spelda. Scale bars: A–C = 0.5 mm; Aa, D–G: images not to scale. + + + + +Fig. 2. + +Attemsostreptus reflexus + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (NHMD607065), head and anteriormost body rings. +A +. Ventral view. +B +. Lateral view. Scale bar: 1 mm. + + + + + +Etymology + + +The species epithet is a Latin adjective meaning ‘turned back’ and referring to the shape of the lateroapical metaplical process of the gonopod. + + + + +Material examined + + + + +Holotype + + + + +TANZANIA +• +1 ♂ +, missing posterior part, dissected; +Morogoro +Reg., +Morogoro Distr. +, +Kimboza Forest Reserve +; +37°48′ E +, +07°01′ S +; + +Jan.–Mar. 1994 + +; +Frontier Tanzania +leg.; + +NHMD +607065 + +. + + + + +Fig. 3. + +Attemsostreptus reflexus + +sp. nov. +, external structures. +A +. Midbody rings in lateral view, telson towards the left, female paratype. +B +. Limbus, male holotype (NHMD607065). +C +. First pair of legs, male holotype (NHMD607065). +D +. Midbody leg with soft pads, male holotype (NHMD607065). +E. +Posteriormost body rings and telson in lateral view, female paratype. +F +. Posteriormost body rings and telson in ventral view, female paratype. Scale bar: 1 mm. + + + + +Fig. 4. + +Attemsostreptus reflexus + +sp. nov. +, male holotype (NHMD607065), gonopods. +A +. Gonopods, anterior view. +B +. Right gonopod, antero-apical view. +C. +Telopodite. +D. +Tip of telopodite.For abbreviations, see Material and methods. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–D = 0.5 mm. + + + + +Fig. 5. + +Attemsostreptus reflexus + +, males without locality data. +A +. ♂, (NHMD621669). +B +. ♂, deviating gonopods (HNHM diplo-1697). Scale bar: 1 mm. + + + + +Paratypes + + + + +TANZANIA +• +1 ♂ +, missing posterior part; same collection data and repository as for the +holotype +; + +NHMD +607073 + + +• + +4 ♀♀ +, three of which broken in half and one missing posterior part; same collection data and repository as for the +holotype +; + +NHMD +607073 + + +. + + +Other material examined + + + +TANZANIA +• +1 ♂ +, without data, mesal coxal spines (mcs) short, originating more distally than in the +type +specimens, mesoapical metaplical process (map) more truncate than round, distolateral spine maybe not quite so extraordinarily long, only 51 PR vs 56 PR in females from +type +series, body length (L) +65 mm +, vertical diameter (H) 4.0 mm; + +NHMD +621669 + + +• + +1 ♂ +, +HNHM +diplo-1697, without data, exactly like +type +specimens except that (mcs) are broken, 53 PR, L +70 mm +, H +4.3 mm + +. + + + + + +Description + + + +MEASUREMENTS. +Holotype +♂ +: H = +4.3 mm +, broken in three parts, missing posterior end. +Paratypes +♂ +: H = +4 mm +; broken, missing posterior end. Females: L = +78.5–81.2 mm +; H = +4.8–5.2 mm +; 56 PR. + + +COLOUR ( +Figs 2–3 +). After several years in ethanol, orange-reddish-brown, colour more intense at margin of the posterior half of metazonites, prozonites lighter with a hint of chestnut at the lateral margins. Head dark brown in occipital area, sputtered with yellowish on frons and reddish to yellowish brown on labrum and gnathochilarium. Antenna and legs yellowish. + + +HEAD ( +Fig. 2 +). Four supralabral setae. Antennae reaching back to body ring 6. Eyes reaching slightly beyond mesal margin of antennal socket, each with ca 10 vertical rows of ommatidia, ca 5 horizontal rows, ca 35 ommatidia. Mandible as in + +Tropostreptus +( +Enghoff 2017 +) + +: stipes in males with a small apicoventral lobe; odontomere long, moveable; sectile edge of psectromere with ca 5 lobes; ca 12 pectinate lamellae; one wide molar furrow. Gnathochilarium: prementum simple, not depressed; mentum with deep depression basally delimited by sharp ridge, as in + +Pseudotibiozus + +( +Enghoff & Larsson 2018 +: fig. 3); stipites with basal row of setae adjacent to mentum, apicolaterally with field of many setae, distally with swelling harbouring one modified seta, as in + +Pseudotibiozus + +( +Enghoff & Larsson 2018 +: fig. 3). + + +COLLUM ( +Fig. 2 +). With protruding antero-ventral lobes in males. Three or four lateral furrows. No antennal groove. + + +BODY RINGS ( +Figs 2B +, +3A, E +). Prozonae with non-consipicuous furrows. Metazonae with regular longitudinal striae on entire body ring circumference, areas between striae elevated as ridges, ridges projecting beyond posterior margin of ring ( +Fig. 3B +). Ozopore round, visible as bright spot rimmed with grey at the middle of metazona, behind suture ( +Fig. 3A +), latter thin and sometimes curving at level of ozopore. Pleurotergal lobes meeting behind posterior pair of legs on each body ring. + + +LEGS ( +Figs 2–3 +C–D). Length ca +4 mm +, slightly shorter in females. Males with postfemoral and tibial pads from third pair until beyond midbody ( +Fig. 2A +), pads decreasing in size posteriorly, absent from posteriormost legs. First pair of legs in male ( +Fig. 3D +) similar to those of + +A. costatus + +as described by +Krabbe (1982) +. + + +TELSON ( +Fig. 3 +E–F). Preanal ring with straight dorsal margin. Anal valves with raised median margins forming blunt lips, flanked by distinct grooves, i.e., of the “fossate” +type +sensu +Hoffman (2011) +. + + +GONOPODS. ( +Figs 4–5 +). Sternum (st) small and simple, lower than paracoxite (px). + + +COXA. Proplica (pp) simple, straight and broad, distomesal corner sharp, distal margin almost straight, oblique, surface in distal part with scattered bristles. Metaplica (mp) broad and stout; mesal margin straight, in basal part folded laterad as broad duplicature, subapically with large distad spine (mcs); in some specimens, (mcs) smaller and inserted more distally than in the +holotype +; metaplica apically gently rounded, mesoapical metaplical process (map) protruding as narrow ovoid mesal lobe, truncate in a few specimens ( +Fig 5B +), meeting medially and totally lacking the meso-apical incision observed in + +A. costatus + +, laterally showing a strong constriction and protruding as lateroapical metaplical process (lap). This process (lap) very long, and strongly curved, first directed laterad, then making a U-turn and pointing distomesad to mesad in most specimens, ending in claw-like pointed apex. + +TELOPODITE. With a thin and curved antetorsal process (atp) ending in a pointed apex, post-torsal part long, with several torsions and an incomplete loop, thereafter narrowing towards apex and bifurcating into a thin serrated lamella (sl) and an acuminate apical process. + + + + +Distribution + + + +Kimboza Forest Reserve, +Morogoro +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF88FF8DFD9AFE3FFC0CF982.xml b/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF88FF8DFD9AFE3FFC0CF982.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5ac4623641 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF88FF8DFD9AFE3FFC0CF982.xml @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Attemsostreptus Verhoeff, 1941 with description of a new species from Tanzania and notes on the tribe Trachystreptini Cook, 1896 (Spirostreptida, Diplopoda) + + + +Author + +Akkari, Nesrine + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2019 + +2019-11-07 + + +575 + + +1 +12 + + + +journal article +24928 +10.5852/ejt.2019.575 +e60f857a-280d-4d2e-97d4-1045c4487585 +3532807 +42DD0561-54BC-437F-9467-A852CD980C9D + + + + + + +Attemsostreptus costatus +Verhoeff, 1941 + + + + + + +Fig. 1 + + + + + + +Attemsostreptus costatus + +Verhoeff, 1941: 262–263 + + +, plate 12, figs 35–36. + + + + + +Lophostreptus orobius + +Kraus, 1958: 11–12 + + +, plate 3, figs 30–34. +syn. nov. + + + + + +Attemsotreptus orobius + +Krabbe 1982: 252–253 + + +, fig. 185. + + + + + + +Material examined + + + + +Attemsostreptus costatus +Verhoeff, 1941 + +types +(ZSM), 4 micro-preparations of +2 ♂♂ +and +1 juvenile +♂ +. + + + +TANZANIA +• +1 ♂ +, juvenile, gonopods, 3 sections of a tergite; ZSM A + +20042783 + + +• + +♂ +legs 1–7, gnathochilarium, labrum; ZSM + +A +20042784 + + +• + +♂ +, gonopod in one block; ZSM +A200427814 + +• + +1 ♂ +, gonopods separated in left and right, left and right telopodites, two leg-pairs attached to a portion of sternite; ZSM + +A +20042785 + +. + + + + +Descriptive notes on gonopods + + +STERNUM (st). Small and simple, lower than paracoxite (px). +COXA. Proplica (pp) simple, straight and broad, distally with scattered bristles. Metaplica (mp) with a deep mesoapical incision, a rounded mesoapical metaplical process (map) and a long twisted and downturned lateroapical metaplical process (lap). The latter (lap) pointing proximolaterad and ending in claw-like pointed apex. +TELOPODITE. With a thin and curved antetorsal process (atp) ending in a pointed apex, post-torsal part forming a loop at mid-length, narrowing towards apex, apex bifurcate with a thin serrated lamella (sl) and an acuminate apical process. + + + + +Comments + + + +Verhoeff (141: 263, pl. 12, fig. 36) described serrations on the margins of the ‘solenomere’ and three projections at the apex of the ‘telomere’. The descriptions and drawings of +Krabbe (1982: 252 +fig. 185) and Kraus (1985: 1–12, figs 30–34) match our observations. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF8BFF8DFD85FA3DFBABFE6A.xml b/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF8BFF8DFD85FA3DFBABFE6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..50c05d2e041 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/21/165B2160FF8BFF8DFD85FA3DFBABFE6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Attemsostreptus Verhoeff, 1941 with description of a new species from Tanzania and notes on the tribe Trachystreptini Cook, 1896 (Spirostreptida, Diplopoda) + + + +Author + +Akkari, Nesrine + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + +text + + +European Journal of Taxonomy + + +2019 + +2019-11-07 + + +575 + + +1 +12 + + + +journal article +24928 +10.5852/ejt.2019.575 +e60f857a-280d-4d2e-97d4-1045c4487585 +3532807 +42DD0561-54BC-437F-9467-A852CD980C9D + + + + + +Genus + +Attemsostreptus +Verhoeff, 1941 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Readily distinguishable from other genera of +Spirostreptidae +by the extremely long, slender lateral metaplical processes, in combination with the ‘trachystreptinine’ habitus, i.e., with marked longitudinal striae/keels over the entire body ring circumference. +Krabbe (1982) +presented a more detailed diagnosis, based mainly on male secondary sexual characters, as follows (translated from German and slightly modified): collum without longitudinal keels. First pair of legs with strong ‘shoulders’; the outer margin of the coxosternum smooth with 4 lateral small setae; prefemoral processes divergent, short, triangular with gently rounded margins, prefemora and prefemoral processes with pores. Gonopod sternum low and small; coxae slender, proplica (pp) simple, straight, bearing a few setae distally; metaplicae (mp) apically round to angular with extremely elongated lateral processes (lap) tapering into a claw-like apex, distally round to subrectangular; telopodite slender with a long, thin antetorsal process (atp), distal to (atp) becoming even slenderer, apex bifurcate with a thin serrated lamella and an acuminate apical process. + + + +Included species + + + + +Attemsostreptus costatus +Verhoeff, 1941 + +, + +Attemsostreptus reflexus + +sp. nov. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/3B/165B3B7BABF10BB74BCA38E9EB29AAFC.xml b/data/16/5B/3B/165B3B7BABF10BB74BCA38E9EB29AAFC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..733b98a6a2b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/3B/165B3B7BABF10BB74BCA38E9EB29AAFC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +First record of Imasega Krombein from China, with description of one new species (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Amiseginae) + + + +Author + +Li, Shuang-Shuang +Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China + + + +Author + +Xu, Zai-Fu +Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China +xuzaifu@scau.edu.cn + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2017 + +2017-02-27 + + +54 + + +71 +77 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.54.11675 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.54.11675 +1314-2607-54-71 +BE4723A042E849B997151741BCB52FD4 +FFBBFFD8FFF81726FFB20E7BFFF5FFB6 +322876 + + + + +Genus +Imasega Krombein, 1983 +Figs 1 +, 2 +, 3-5 +, 6-8 + + + + +Imasega +Krombein 1983 +: 41. Type species: +Imasega rufithorax +Krombein, 1983. Monotypic and original designation. + + +Imasega +Krombein: +Kimsey and Bohart 1991 +: 111. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Male +. Antenna elongate; F4-F8 3.7-5.0 +x +as long as wide. Scapal basin slightly concave, with weak transverse rugulae. Malar space with vertical sulcus. Eyes bulging and with setulae. Occipital carina absent. Prothorax yellowish brown. Pronotum with longitudinal median groove posteriorly and pit before lateral lobe. Mesoscutum with notauli and faint parapsides. Notauli complete or incomplete. Mesopleuron without omaulus or scrobal sulcus. Metanotum 0.8-1.2 +x +as long as mesoscutellum medially, with large triangular median enclosure. Propodeum with short dorsal surface, and abrupt posterior and lateral surfaces; posterolateral tooth short and blunt. Forewing with R1 two-thirds as long as stigma or longer; Rs extended by curved dark streak. Hind coxa without dorsobasal carina. Tarsal claw with large median tooth. Metasomal tergites and sternites punctate. +Female. +Unknown. + + + +Biology. +Unknown. + + +Distribution. + +Oriental Region: China (new record), Sri Lanka ( +Kimsey and Bohart 1991 +). + + + + +Key to the species of + +Imasega + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 +Prothorax yellowish brown, mesothorax (excluding upper mesopleuron), metathorax and propodeum black (Figs +1 +, +2 +, +5 +); scapal basin with longitudinal median ridge; notauli incomplete, present on posterior half (Figs +2 +, +5 +); head 1.4-1.7 +x +as wide as distance from clypeal apex to posterior ocelli; F4-F8 3.7-4.4 +x +as long as wide + + + +Imasega bicolor + +Li & Xu, sp. n. + +
- +Mesosoma yellowish brown, with brown to blackish brown marks on pronotum, mesoscutum and metanotum (Figs +6 +, +7 +); scapal basin without longitudinal median ridge; notauli complete (Fig. +7 +); head 1.2-1.4 +x +as wide as distance from clypeal apex to posterior ocelli; F4-F8 4.0-5.0 +x +as long as wide + + + +Imasega rufithorax + +Krombein + +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/5F/165B5F0C878832E0002FC605822423E7.xml b/data/16/5B/5F/165B5F0C878832E0002FC605822423E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..17cd4c17508 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/5F/165B5F0C878832E0002FC605822423E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +The Doryctinae (Braconidae) of Costa Rica: genera and species of the tribe Heterospilini + + + +Author + +Marsh, Paul M. + + + +Author + +Wild, Alexander L. + + + +Author + +Whitfield, James B. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +347 + + +1 +474 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.347.6002 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.347.6002 +1313-2970-347-1 +52232D18DD784A84882CACA428B4A9D2 +52232D18DD784A84882CACA428B4A9D2 + + + + +Heterospilus dulcus Marsh +sp. n. +Figure 236 + + + +Female. +Body size: 3.5 mm. Color: body dark brown, apical metasomal terga somewhat lighter brown; scape brown; flagellum brown with white apical annulus, apical 3-5 flagellomeres brown; wing veins including stigma brown; legs yellow. Head: vertex smooth; frons smooth; face smooth; temple in dorsal view narrow, sloping behind eye, width less than 1/2 eye height; malar space equal to 1/4 eye height; ocell-ocular distance slightly greater than twice diameter of lateral ocellus; 26-29 flagellomeres. Mesosoma: mesoscutal lobes smooth; notauli weakly scrobiculate or smooth, meeting posteriorly in triangular costate area; scutellum smooth; prescutellar furrow with 1 cross carina; mesopleuron smooth; precoxal sulcus smooth, shorter than mesopleuron; venter smooth; propodeum with basal median areas margined, smooth, basal median carina present, areola distinctly margined, areolar area rugose, lateral areas rugose apically, smooth basally. Wings: fore wing vein r shorter than vein 3RSa, vein 1cu-a beyond vein 1M; hind wing vein SC+R present, vein M+CU as long as vein 1M. Metasoma: first tergum longitudinally costate, length slightly greater than apical width; second tergum longitudinally costate, width nearly 4 times length; anterior transverse groove present, straight; posterior transverse groove present; third tergum costate basally, smooth apically; terga 4-7 smooth; ovipositor half as long as metasoma. + + +Holotype female. +Top label (white, printed) - Costa Rica: Puntarenas [;] Golfo Dulce, 24km W. [;] Piedras Blancas, 200m [;] ii.1993, Paul Hanson; second label (red, partially printed and hand written) - HOLOTYPE [;] Heterospilus [;] dulcus [;] P. Marsh. Deposited in ESUW. + + +Paratypes. + +1 +♀ +, Costa Rica: Puntarenas [;] R.F. Golfo Dulce, 24km. [;] W. Piedras Blancas, 200m [;] VIII-IX-1993, P. Hanson (ESUW). 1 ♀, Costa Rica: Puntarenas, ACO [;] Golfito, Est. Agujas, 250-350m [;] Res. Ftal. Golfo Dulce, Amarilla [;] 3-24.vii.1999, J. Azofeifa [;] L.S. 276750-526550 #52839 (ESUW). 1 ♀, Costa Rica: Puntarenas [;] R.F. Golfo Dulce, [;] 3km. SW. Rincon, 10m [;] Oct. 1991, Paul Hanson (ESUW). 1 ♀, Costa Rica: Cartago [;] Turrialba, CATIE [;] 14-15 March 1990 [;] 700m, J.S. Noyes (ESUW). 2 ♀♀, Sirena, Osa Pen. [;] VII. 77 Cos. Rica [;] D. H. Janzen (AEIC). 1 ♀, C. Rica: +Escazu +[;] May 20, 1987 [;] H.&M.Townes (AEIC). + + + +Comments. +The single cross carina in the prescutellar furrow, the flagellum with the apical white annulus and the shorter ovipositor are distinctive for this species. + + +Etymology. +The specific name is from the Latin dulcis, meaning sweet, in reference to most of the type series being from the area of Golfo Dulce, the Sweet Gulf. + + +Figure 236. +Heterospilus dulcus +Marsh, sp. n.: +A-C +paratype +D-E +holotype. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC0252020E555ACFD5E5185.xml b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC0252020E555ACFD5E5185.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..36e225a3ddc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC0252020E555ACFD5E5185.xml @@ -0,0 +1,446 @@ + + + +Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species + + + +Author + +Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco + + + +Author + +Marques, Dayse W. A. + + + +Author + +Reis, Geniana A. + + + +Author + +Rafael, José A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-07 + + +4362 + + +4 + + +517 +534 + + + +journal article +31222 +10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.3 +b8e5cb85-d81c-4e7c-b22a-1ef331a1c93b +1175-5326 +1095320 +91A89F3F-8F74-4608-AEA1-590A392AD78E + + + + + + + +Inpauema gaimarii +, + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 27–45 +) + + + + +Etymology +. The species epithet is in honor of Dr. Stephen D. Gaimari, who has contributed substantially to the study of +Diptera +. + + + + + +Description. +Holotype + +♂ +. +Body length +4.98 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Palpus mainly dark yellow, brown medially. Alar membrane brown infuscated, denser on cells c, r1 and r2+3. Tergite 6 about +4X +shorter than syntergosternite 7+8, longer laterally. Cercus with a small pointed projection in the tip. + + +Head +( +Figs 27–29 +). Frontal pruinosity velvety dark brown, with distinct dorsal vitta projecting laterally to ocellar triangle reaching vertex area ( +Fig. 28 +). Height 1.5X the length; width 1.3X the height. Frons 1.9X wider than long. Fronto-orbital plate with gray-yellowish pruinosity in frontal view ( +Fig. 28 +). Antenna with arista brownish on basal half ( +Fig. 27 +). Genal groove area brown, large, bare, with dark brown spot, larger near eye margin; gena predominantly gray pruinose; postgena with dark gray to brown pruinosity ( +Fig. 29 +). Palpus mainly dark yellow, brown medially. + + + + +FIGURES 15–20. + +Inpauema catarinae + + +sp. nov. + +, Holotype male. +15, +habitus, lateral view; +16 +, head, frontal view; +17 +, head, lateral view; +18 +, thorax, dorsal view; +19 +, wing; +20 +, abdomen, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 21–26. + +Inpauema catarinae + + +sp. nov. + +, Holotype male. +21 +, terminalia, hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus lateral view; +22 +, terminalia, epandrium and cercus, dorsal view; +23 +, terminalia, ventral view; +24 +, gonocoxal apodeme, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, lateral view; +25 +, hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, ventral view; +26 +, cercus and gonocoxal apodeme, posterior view. + + + + +Thorax +( +Fig. 30 +). Mesonotum dark brown to black; when seen from dorsal view and with dorsal, lateral and anterior incident light with large medial gray stripe intermixed with brown stripes, reaching scutellum. Scutellum dark brown to black with gray pruinosity. +Legs +( +Fig. 27 +). Coxae, femora and tibiae brown to dark brown. Tarsi light brown. +Wing +( +Fig. 31 +). Slightly light brown infuscated along anterior (costal) half. Length +4.3 mm +, width +1.4 mm +, +3X +longer than wide. + + + +FIGURES 27–33. + +Inpauema gaimarii + + +sp. nov. + +, +Figs 27–31, 33, +Holotype male; +Fig. 32, +Paratype female. +27 +, habitus, lateral view; +28 +, head, frontal view; +29 +, head, lateral view; +30 +, thorax, dorsal view; +31 +, wing; +32 +, female wing; +33 +, abdomen, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 34–45. + +Inpauema gaimarii + + +sp. nov. + +, +Figs 34–40, +Holotype male; +Figs 41–45, +Paratype female. +34 +, terminalia, phallapodeme, hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, lateral view; +35 +, terminalia, epandrium and cercus, dorsal view; +36 +, gonocoxal apodeme, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, lateral view; +37 +, cercus, lateral view; +38 +, pregonite and postgonite, ventral view; +39 +, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, ventral view; +40 +, cercus and gonocoxal apodeme, posterior view; +41 +, abdomen and terminalia, lateral view; +42 +, abdomen, ventral view; +43 +, duct and capsule of spermatheca; +44 +, cercus, dorsal view; +45 +, capsule of spermatheca. + + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 33 +). +Male terminalia +. Tergite 6 thin, about +4X +shorter than syntergosternite 7+8, longer laterally ( +Figs 34–35 +). Epandrium with scattered setae on posterior half; posterior margin with medial reentrance ( +Fig. 35 +). Cercus almost as wide as long, longer than epandrium, somewhat horizontally directed with a small pointed projection in the tip ( +Figs 34–37 +). Hypandrium 2.4X longer than epandrium ( +Fig. 34 +). Phallapodeme 1.6X longer than hypandrium ( +Figs 34–35 +). Basiphallus as long as distiphallus ( +Figs 34, 36 +). Distiphallus subrectangular in ventral view, with two small projections basally ( +Fig. 39 +). In ventral view, pregonite with distal mesial keel pointed and bifid when seen in ventral view ( +Figs 38–39 +); postgonite wide, slightly bilobate ( +Figs 36, 39 +). Gonocoxal apodemes upward directed, somewhat sinuous in lateral view ( +Fig. 36 +), distinctly fused and with a small dorsal lobe when seen from posterior view ( +Fig. 40 +). + + +Female +similar to male, except wing distinctly darker, dark brown on cells c, r1 and r2+3 ( +Fig. 32 +). Female (n = 2). Body length 4.36−4.41, mean +4.38 mm +; wing length 3.53−3.77, mean +3.65 mm +; wing width 1.06−1.36, mean +1.21 mm +. +Terminalia +( +Figs 41–45 +). Sternite 6 with small sclerite on anterior margin, roughly diamond in shape, bare; and two sublateral small sclerites on posterior margin, strongly sclerotized ( +Fig. 42 +). Tergite 7 weakly fused with the sternite 7 dorsally with short and sparse setae on posterior ¾, which are long and thin distally. Epiproct and hypoproct small, plate-like. Cerci brown setose, separated, elongated and thin ( +Fig. 44 +). + + + + + + +Type +material + +. +Holotype +♂ +(pinned, terminalia in microvial of glass, good condition), deposited in +INPA +: “ +Brasil +, PA[rá], +Belterra +, +Flona Tapajós +, + +100 m + +, +02°36'15"S +, +54°56'25"W +, + +16.iv.2008 + +, arm.[adilha] +Luz, J.A +. Rafael & +F.F. Xavier +F.” +Paratypes +: +idem +, MA[ranhão], +Carolina + +, + +PARNA +[ +Parque Nacional +] +Chapada das Mesas +, +Riacho Sucuruiu +, + +240 m + +, +07°07'06"S +, +47°18'32"W +, + +Armadilha +de Malaise + +, + +01–10.i.2014 + +, +J.A. Rafael +, F. Limeira-de- +Oliveira, T. L +. Rocha & +S. Pereira +, cols.[collectors] ( +1 ♀ +CZMA +) + +; + +idem +, +Água Fria +, + +212 m + +, +07°04'14"S +, +47°17'16"W +, [ +Armadilha +] +Suspensa +simples ( + +5 m + +), + +10–20.viii.2014 + +, +J. A. Rafael +, +F. Limeira-de-Oliveira +, +T. L. Rocha +& +G. A. Reis +, cols. ( +1 ♀ +INPA +) + +. + + + +Geographical records +. +Brazil +( +Pará +, +Maranhão +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC0252B20E552CCFD525423.xml b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC0252B20E552CCFD525423.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7788b35ce0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC0252B20E552CCFD525423.xml @@ -0,0 +1,227 @@ + + + +Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species + + + +Author + +Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco + + + +Author + +Marques, Dayse W. A. + + + +Author + +Reis, Geniana A. + + + +Author + +Rafael, José A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-07 + + +4362 + + +4 + + +517 +534 + + + +journal article +31222 +10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.3 +b8e5cb85-d81c-4e7c-b22a-1ef331a1c93b +1175-5326 +1095320 +91A89F3F-8F74-4608-AEA1-590A392AD78E + + + + + + + +Inpauema catarinae +, + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 15–26 +) + + + + +Etymology +. The species epithet is in honor of +Catarina da Silva Motta +( +in memoriam +), a lepidopterist who was a dear friend of the first and last authors. + + + + +Holotype +♂. +Body length +4.5 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Fronto-orbital plate with dark brown pruinosity. Palpus dark brown to brown, orange at extreme distal tip. Tergite 6 almost as long as syntergosternite 7+8, narrowed medially. Epandrium with V-shaped spot anteromedially. + + +Head +( +Figs 15–17 +). Frontal pruinosity velvety dark brown, with distinct dorsal vitta projecting laterally to ocellar triangle reaching vertex area ( +Fig. 16 +). Height 1.4X the length; width 1.2X the height. Frons 1.7X wider than long. Fronto-orbital plate with dark brown pruinosity in frontal view ( +Fig. 16 +). Genal groove area reddish brown, large, bare; gena predominantly with gray-yellowish pruinosity; postgena dark brown pruinose ( +Fig. 17 +). Palpus brown to dark brown, orange at extreme distal tip. + + + + +Thorax +( +Fig. 18 +). Mesonotum dark brown to black with a faint gray pruinose stripe between dorsocentral setae, almost reaching third dorsocentral setae pair, more distinct when seen under anterior incident light. Scutellum dark brown to black; in dorsal view with somewhat inconspicuous gray pruinosity when seen under anterior incident light. +Legs +( +Fig. 15 +). Coxae and femora brown to dark brown. Tibiae brown, yellowish on basal half. Tarsi light brown. +Wing +( +Fig. 19 +). Slightly browner infuscated along anterior (costal) half. Length +4.5 mm +, width +1.5 mm +, +3X +longer than wide. + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 20 +). +Male terminalia +. Tergite 6 almost as long as syntergosternite 7+8, narrowed medially ( +Figs 21–22 +). Epandrium with scattered setae on posterior edge, with a whitish V-shaped spot anteromedially ( +Fig. 22 +). Cercus as long as epandrium, with sparse setae on anterior margin and outer surface ( +Fig. 21 +). Hypandrium 3.2X longer than epandrium ( +Figs 21–23, 25 +). Phallapodeme 2.8X longer than hypandrium (phallapodeme lost after description). Basiphallus almost as long as distiphallus ( +Figs 21, 24 +). Distiphallus suboval in ventral view, with small and indistinct fissure distally ( +Figs 23, 25 +). In ventral view, pregonite with distal mesial keel subrounded ( +Figs 23, 25 +); postgonite as a small thin sclerite ( +Fig. 24 +). Gonocoxal apodemes upward directed, distinctly fused when seen from posterior view ( +Fig. 26 +). + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + + + +Type +material + +. +Holotype +♂ +(pinned, terminalia in microvial of glass), deposited in +INPA +: “ +Brasil +, AM[azonas], +Manaus +, Rod.[ovia] AM 0 10 ( +sic +), BR–174, +Km +50, ZF–2, +Km +14, +Torre +, +02°35'21"S +, +60°06'55"W +, + +4.iii.2011 + +, 00–03:00h, +Arm. +[adilha] luz dossel, + +40 m + +de altura, F.F. +Xavier Filho +, J.T. +Câmara +, +P. Dias +leg”. + + + + +Geographical record +. +Brazil +( +Amazonas +state). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC3252B20E550C1FD1453C3.xml b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC3252B20E550C1FD1453C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..73d4fb1b97d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC3252B20E550C1FD1453C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,412 @@ + + + +Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species + + + +Author + +Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco + + + +Author + +Marques, Dayse W. A. + + + +Author + +Reis, Geniana A. + + + +Author + +Rafael, José A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-07 + + +4362 + + +4 + + +517 +534 + + + +journal article +31222 +10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.3 +b8e5cb85-d81c-4e7c-b22a-1ef331a1c93b +1175-5326 +1095320 +91A89F3F-8F74-4608-AEA1-590A392AD78E + + + + + + + +Inpauema mirador + +, +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 1–14 +) + + + + +Etymology +. The noun in apposition refers to the place where the specimens were collected, Parque Estadual do Mirador, +Maranhão +state, +Brazil +. + + + + +Holotype +♂. +Body length: +4.4 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Frontal pruinosity velvety black. Palpus light brown to brown, orange on distal half. Tergite 6 about +4X +shorter than syntergosternite 7+8, longer laterally. + + +Head +( +Figs 1–3 +). Frontal pruinosity velvety black, with evanescent dorsal vitta projecting laterally to ocellar triangle ( +Fig. 2 +). Height 1.66X the length; width 1.5X the height. Frons 1.8X wider than long. Fronto-orbital plate with gray-yellowish pruinosity in frontal view ( +Fig. 2 +). Genal groove area brown, large, bare; gena predominantly gray pruinose; postgena with brown pruinosity ( +Fig. 3 +). Antenna with arista yellowish at base ( +Fig. 3 +). Palpus light brown to brown, orange on distal half. + + + + +Thorax +. Mesonotum dark brown to black; when seen from dorsal view and with lateral and dorsal incident light with dense gray pruinose stripe between dorsocentral setae, reaching third dorsocentral setae pair ( +Fig. 4 +); when seen with anterior incident light also with distinct gray pruinosity on posterior margin. Scutellum dark brown to black; in dorsal view with distinct gray pruinosity when seen under anterior incident light. +Legs +( +Fig. 1 +). Coxae and femora brown to dark brown. Tibiae light brown, yellowish on proximal ¼. Tarsi dark yellow to light brown. +Wing +( +Fig. 5 +). Mainly hyaline, slightly brown infuscated on cell c and beginning of cell r1. Length +3.5 mm +, width +1.3 mm +, 2.7X longer than wide. + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 6 +). +Male terminalia +. Tergite 6 narrow dorsally, about +4X +shorter than syntergosternite 7+8, longer laterally ( +Figs 7–8 +). Epandrium with scattered setae on posterior half. Cercus ( +Figs 7–9 +) longer than midlongitudinal line of epandrium, divergent distally, with sparse setae on anterior margin and outer surface. Hypandrium +3X +longer than epandrium ( +Figs 9–10 +). Phallapodeme 2.23X longer than hypandrium ( +Fig. 9 +). Basiphallus almost as long as distiphallus ( +Figs 7, 9 +). Distiphallus suboval and slightly bilobate distally in ventral view ( +Figs 8, 10, 12 +). In ventral view, pregonite with distal mesial keel with margin nearly truncate; postgonite subtriangular ( +Fig. 10 +). Gonocoxal apodemes upward directed, apparently loosely fused when seen from posterior view ( +Fig. 11 +). + + +Female +similar to male. +Terminalia +( +Figs 13–14 +). Tergite 6 as in the male. Sternite 6 with small median triangular sclerite, with the point directed posteriorly, bare; with two posterolateral small sclerites, weakly sclerotized. Tergite 7 strongly fused with sternite 7; posterior ¾ with long, thin and sparse setae. Epiproct small, plate-like. Cerci brown setose, separated, elongated and thin. + + +Variations. +Male (n = 4). Body length 3.62−5.32, mean +4.75 mm +; Wing length 3.22−4.74, mean +4.19 mm +; wing width 1.09−2.50, mean +1.69 mm +. Female (n = 4). Body length 3.25−4.67, mean +4.16 mm +; wing length 3.38−4.51, mean +3.97 mm +; wing width 1.14−1.49, mean +1.34 mm +. + + + + +FIGURES 1–6. + +Inpauema mirador + + +sp. nov. + +, +Figs 1–3, 5, 6, +Holotype male. +Fig 4, +Paratype female. +1 +, habitus, lateral view; +2 +, head, frontal view; +3 +, head, lateral view; +4 +, thorax, dorsal view; +5 +, wing; +6 +, abdomen, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 7–14. + +Inpauema mirador + + +sp. nov. + +, +Figs 7–12 +, Paratype male. +Figs 13, 14 +, Paratype female; +7 +, terminalia, phallapodeme, hypandrium, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, lateral view; +8 +, terminalia, epandrium, cercus and phallus, dorsal view; +9 +, terminalia, lateral view; +10 +, terminalia, ventral view; +11 +, cercus and gonocoxal apodeme, posterior view; +12 +, pregonite, postgonite and phallus, ventral view; +13 +, abdomen and terminalia, ventral view; +14 +, sternites 6 and 7, ventral view. + + + + + + +Type +material. + +Holotype +♂ +(pinned, very good condition), deposited in +CZMA +: “ +Brasil +, MA[ranhão], Mirador, Parque Est.[adual] +Mirador +, +Base da Geraldina +, + +419 m + +, +06°37'25"S +, +45°52'08"W +, +Armadilha +suspensa, + +15–30.ix.2014 + +, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, L. L. M. Santos & +L. S. Santos +” + +. + +Paratypes +: same data as holotype ( +1 ♂ +CZMA +) + +; +idem +, +402 m +, 06°35'58"S, 45°50'49"W, +02–12.viii.2013 +(2 ♂, 2 ♀ CZMA); + +idem +, +Armadilha de Malaise +( +1 ♀ +CZMA +) + +; +idem +, +01–15.ix.2013 +(1 ♀ INPA); +idem +, +15–30.ix.2013 +(1 ♂ CZMA); + +idem +, + +416 m + +, +06°37'48"S +, +45°52'49"W +, +Armadilha Suspensa +, + +10–20.xii.2013 + +, F. +Limeira-de-Oliveira +, +L. L. M. Santos +& +T. L. Rocha +( +1 ♂ +INPA +) + +; +idem +, +01–10.xii.2013 +(1 ♂ CZMA); +idem +, +419 m +, 06°37'25"S, 45°52'08"W (1 ♀ INPA); +idem +, F. Limeirade-Oliveira, L. L. M. Santos & L. S. Santos (1 ♀ CZMA); +idem +, +14–18.viii.2012 +, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, J. S. Pinto Júnior & D. W. A. Marques (2 ♂, 2 ♀ CZMA); + +idem +, +Armadilha de Malaise +( +1 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +INPA +, +2 ♀ +CZMA +) + +; + +idem +, + +411 m + +, +06°37'06"S +, +45°51'51"W +, +Armadilha +suspensa, + +02–12.viii.2013 + +, F. +Limeira-de-Oliveira +, +L. L. M. Santos +& +L. S. Santos +( +1 ♀ +CZMA +) + +. + + +Geographical record +. Brazil (Maranhão). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC5252820E555D1FAB651C2.xml b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC5252820E555D1FAB651C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bdc830d0054 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC5252820E555D1FAB651C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,334 @@ + + + +Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species + + + +Author + +Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco + + + +Author + +Marques, Dayse W. A. + + + +Author + +Reis, Geniana A. + + + +Author + +Rafael, José A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-07 + + +4362 + + +4 + + +517 +534 + + + +journal article +31222 +10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.3 +b8e5cb85-d81c-4e7c-b22a-1ef331a1c93b +1175-5326 +1095320 +91A89F3F-8F74-4608-AEA1-590A392AD78E + + + + + + + +Inpauema + +gen. nov. + + + + + + +Type species. + +Inpauema mirador + + +sp. nov +. + +, by present designation. + + +Gender. +Feminine. + + + + +Etymology +. Named in honor of Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA) and Universidade Estadual do +Maranhão +(UEMA), two partner institutions in the studies of insect biodiversity along last decades. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Predominantly dark brown to black, with well-delimited, silvery-gray pruinose spots on inner margin of eyes, narrow on postcranial margin, longitudinally along middle of lunule and face, on notopleuron and mesopleuron; propleuron light brown pruinose; laterotergite gray pruinose, sparse. Postcranium concave from dorsal view. One pair of stout proclinate ocellar setae. Postocellar setae absent. Frons with 3 fronto-orbital setae: one inclinate anterior seta and two reclinate posterior setae. Lunule shorter than frons. Antennae separated by a maximum distance of +2X +diameter of single antennal socket. Gena lacking upturned seta. Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentral setae. Costal vein extending slightly beyond vein R4+5; costal spinules extending to vein R2+3. Gonocoxal apodemes directed upward, not fused or fused posteriorly, forming an arch ( +Figs 11 +, +26 +, +40 +, +56 +, +66 +). + + +Adults +, ♂, ♀. Body length +3.25–5.32 mm +. + + + + +Head +( +Figs 1–3 +, +15–17 +, +27–29 +, +46–48 +, +57–59 +). Higher than long in lateral view, wider than high in anterior view. Eye slightly higher than long in lateral view. Postcranium concave from dorsal view. One pair of stout proclinate ocellar setae; distance between anterior and posterior ocelli 1.2X the distance between posterior ocelli. Postocellar setae absent. Outer and inner vertical setae stout. Frons 1.4–1.9X wider than long. Frons medially brown to black under certain angle of light incidence, projecting dorsally to lateral side of ocellar triangle; frons with 3 fronto-orbital setae, anterior inclinate and two posterior reclinate; fronto-orbital plate with gray-yellowish to brown pruinosity in frontal view, silvery-gray in ventral view, with few small scattered setulae. Lunule moderately arched, slightly shorter than length of frons. Face concolorous with lunule, with continuous mid-longitudinal gray pruinose stripe through both. Face with deep antennal grooves. Gena lacking upturned setae, with gray-yellowish to brown pruinosity; postgena with dark gray to dark brown pruinosity. Genal groove area (below eye) brown, large, bare (with dark brown spot larger near eye margin in + +I. gaimarii + + +sp. nov +. + +and + +I. raimundoluizi + + +sp. nov +. + +). Oral vibrissa moderately stout, with 1–2 additional slightly smaller subvibrissal setae below and 1–2 setae above. Antennae moderately separated, with scape and pedicel brown to black, postpedicel dark yellow to black, arista mainly black yellowish at base (except in + +I. xavieri + + +sp. nov +. + +arista entirely black; arista lost in + +I. catarinae + + +sp. nov. + +); arista distinctly bristled on both sides, rays on ventral basal half longer. Palpus spatulate; predominantly darkened, from dark yellow to black. Proboscis brown to dark brown, with dark setulae. + + +Thorax +( +Figs 4, 1 +, +30 +, +49 +, +60 +). Chaetotaxy: 1 propleural, 1 stout postpronotal with several additional setulae, acrostichal multiseriated, small, subequal in size or with posterior setula slightly stouter, reaching level or just past level of stout posterior pair of dorsocentral setae, 1+3 dorsocentrals, 1+1 intra-alar, 1 supra-alar postsutural, 2 postalars (anterior stouter), 2 scutellars, 2 notopleurals and 3 katepisternals along dorsal edge. Mesonotum dark brown to black dorsally, with variable intensity of gray pruinosity according to angle of light incidence. Postpronotal lobe with dark brown pruinosity reaching level of stouter seta, remaining gray pruinose, variable according to angle of light incidence. Scutellum concolorous with adjacent scutum, arched, scutellar disc bare. Propleuron brown, with light brown pruinosity less dense than on adjacent mesopleural sclerites, remaining mesopleural sclerites densely silvery-gray pruinose, but laterotergite gray pruinose, sparse. Notopleuron subshiny posteriorly, on the edge. + + +Wing +( +Figs 5 +, +19 +, +31 +, +50 +, +61 +). Hyaline or slightly brown infuscated along anterior (costal) half (brown infuscated only on cell c and beginning of cell r +1 in + +I. mirador + + +sp. nov. + +). Extreme base light yellow, vein C extending just past vein R4+5; costal spinules extending just past vein R2+3; vein M1 distinctly reaching wing margin. Halter light yellow. +Legs. +Predominantly brown to dark brown, with femuro-tibial and tibio-tarsal articulation somewhat yellow, setae black. Midtibia with one stout apical spur. + + +Abdomen +( +Figs 6 +, +20 +, +33 +, +51 +, +62 +). Dark brown to black with lateral silvery gray pruinosity on tergites 1 and 5 and triangular silvery gray pruinosity posterolaterally on tergites 2–4. Tergite 6 narrow; syntergosternite 7+8 symmetrical, bare, more sclerotized anteriorly (on tergite 7) and somewhat weakly sclerotized posteriorly (on tergite 8), only laterally separated. Sternite 1 wider than remaining sternites, without setulae, sternites 2–5 with black stouter setulae along posterior edge. Sternite 6 asymmetrical, thin, sclerotized band present on left side, fused to syntergosternite 7+8 laterally, bare; spiracle six and seven close together, on left side of syntergosternite 7+8. + + +Male genitalia +( +Figs 7–12 +, +21–26 +, +34–40 +, +52–56 +, +63–66 +). Epandrium with anterior edge directed downward to connect with hypandrium almost ventrally, encompassing the upwardly directed gonocoxal apodeme. Surstylus absent. Cercus well developed, setose. Subepandrial membrane, when distinctly sclerotized, articulated with gonocoxal apodeme. Hypandrium projected anteriorly, concave in dorsal view, extending laterally around phallapodeme; gonocoxal apodemes well developed, not fused or fused posteriorly, forming an arch when seen from posterior view, bearing setulae laterally. Pregonite somewhat fused to hypandrium, somewhat stout (gonocoxal apodeme + pregonite with an open snake mouth appearance in lateral view; with a mesial keel-shaped protuberance with inconspicuous tiny setae; postgonite as a small distal lobe, sometimes inconspicuous (= articulated lobe of gonopod +sensu +Gaimari 2007 +), with inconspicuous setae and separated from the apex of pregonite. Ejaculatory apodeme absent. Basiphallus with elongated rod-like phallapodeme, the latter longer than hypandrium; distiphallus labelliform, with the halves somewhat fused. + + +Female genitalia +( +Figs 13–14 +, +41–45 +). Description based on two species ( + +I. mirador + + +sp. nov. + +and + +I. gaimarii + + +sp. nov. + +). Tergite 6 the same color of abdomen; large and strongly convex, saddle-shaped, extending laterally around to venter. Tergite 6 with inverted triangle of setae on posterior margin. Sternite 6 with long setae along posterior margin and sparse scattered setulae in middle. Tergite 7 light brown to brown; anterior fourth sclerotized, ring-like, bare; posterior ¾ not sclerotized. Sternite 7 small, with 7th spiracle embedded in cuticle anterolaterally. Segment 8 about +4X +longer than wide. Epiproct and hypoproct small, plate-like. Cerci brown setulose, separated, elongated and thin. With 2 brown, mushroom-like spermathecae ( +Figs 43, 45 +). + + + + +Discussion. + +Inpauema + + +gen. nov. + +is similar to + +Shewellia +Hennig + +and + +Helgreelia + +by lacking genal seta, costal vein extended to vein R4+5 or slightly beyond; postocellar seta absent and postcranium concave from dorsal view. + +Inpauema + + +gen. nov. + +differs from + +Shewellia + +by having only one anterior fronto-orbital seta inclinate (several anterior fronto-orbital seta inclinate in + +Shewellia + +); scutellar disc bare (scutellar disc setulose in + +Shewellia + +). + +Inpauema + + +gen. nov. + +differs from + +Helgreelia + +by having face and lunule dark brown with gray pruinose stripe through both (face uniformly yellow, lacking mid-longitudinal stripe in + +Helgreelia + +); antennae separated by at most +2X +the diameter of a single antennal socket (antennae separated by a distance greater than +3X +diameter of single antennal socket in + +Helgreelia + +); vein M1 distinctly reaching wing margin (M1 vein evanescent after crossvein dm-cu in + +Helgreelia + +); gonocoxal apodemes well developed, directed upward, forming an arch (gonocoxal apodemes short, not forming an arch in +Helgrellia +); distiphallus labelliform, with the halves somewhat fused, not distinctly separated in ventral view (distiphallus not labelliform, with distict left and right halves in +Helgrellia +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC9253C20E55663FD1853C3.xml b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC9253C20E55663FD1853C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9bb4a2b655d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFC9253C20E55663FD1853C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,253 @@ + + + +Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species + + + +Author + +Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco + + + +Author + +Marques, Dayse W. A. + + + +Author + +Reis, Geniana A. + + + +Author + +Rafael, José A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-07 + + +4362 + + +4 + + +517 +534 + + + +journal article +31222 +10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.3 +b8e5cb85-d81c-4e7c-b22a-1ef331a1c93b +1175-5326 +1095320 +91A89F3F-8F74-4608-AEA1-590A392AD78E + + + + + + + +Inpauema xavieri + +, +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 57–66 +) + + + + +Etymology +. Named in honor to the collector of the specimen, Francisco Felipe Xavier Filho (INPA, +Brazil +). + + + + + +Description. +Holotype + +♂ +. +Body length +4.85 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Antenna entirely black, including arista. Gena brown pruinose. Palpus dark brown to black, brown at extreme distal tip. Tergite 6 asymmetrical, restricted to the right side, very short, inconspicuous medially. + + +Head +( +Figs 57–59 +). Frontal pruinosity velvety dark brown, with distinct dorsal vitta projecting laterally to ocellar triangle reaching vertex area ( +Fig. 58 +). Height 1.33X the length; width 1.2X the height. Frons 1.5 wider than long. Fronto-orbital plate with gray-yellowish pruinosity in frontal view ( +Fig. 58 +). Genal groove area brown, large, bare; gena brown pruinose; postgena with brown to dark brown pruinosity ( +Fig. 59 +). Antenna entirely black, including arista ( +Fig. 57 +). Palpus dark brown to black, brown at extreme distal tip. + + + + +Thorax +( +Fig. 60 +). Mesonotum dark brown to black with a faint gray pruinose stripe between dorsocentral setae, reaching third dorsocentral setae pair, more distinct when seen under anterior incident light. Scutellum dark brown to black; in dorsal view with conspicuous gray pruinosity when seen under anterior incident light. +Legs +( +Fig. 57 +). Coxae and femora brown to dark brown. Tibiae mainly brown somewhat yellowish medially. Tarsi brown. +Wing +( +Fig. 61 +). Hyaline. Length +4.4 mm +, width +1.5 mm +, 2.9X longer than wide. + + + +FIGURES 57–62. + +Inpauema xavieri + + +sp. nov. + +, Holotype male. +57, +habitus, lateral view; +58 +, head, frontal view; +59 +, head, lateral view; +60 +, thorax, dorsal view; +61 +, wing; +62 +, abdomen, dorsal view. + + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 62 +). +Male terminalia +. Tergite 6 asymmetrical, restricted to right side, very thin and short, inconspicuous medially ( +Fig. 64 +); syntergosternite 7+8 largely fused. Epandrium with some scattered setae and a single row on posterior edge ( +Figs 63–64 +). Cercus almost +3X +longer than wide, slightly shorter than epandrium, setose ( +Figs 63–64 +). Hypandrium 1.8X longer than epandrium ( +Figs 63, 65 +). Phallapodeme 2.4X longer than hypandrium ( +Figs 63–64 +). Basiphallus as long as distiphallus ( +Fig. 63 +). Distiphallus subhemispherical in ventral view, with a small fissure distally ( +Fig. 65 +). In ventral view pregonite with distal mesial keel subrounded; postgonite as a small thin sclerite ( +Fig. 65 +). Gonocoxal apodemes upward directed, apparently not fused when seen from posterior view ( +Fig. 66 +). + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + + + +Type +material + +. +Holotype +♂ +(pinned, terminalia in microvial of glass; good condition), deposited in +INPA +: “ +Brasil +, AM[azonas], +Manaus +, Rod.[ovia] AM 0 10 ( +sic +), BR-174, +Km +50, ZF-2, +Km +27, próximo entrada LBA, +02°35'S +, +60°06'W +. + +6.iii.2011 + +. 03–06:00h. +Arm. +[adilha] luz dossel, + + +35 m + +. + +F.F. Xavier +; +R. Freitas +”. + + + + +Geographical record +. +Brazil +( +Amazonas +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFCB252120E55709FD2E530B.xml b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFCB252120E55709FD2E530B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b13a8731b0a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5B/A2/165BA25AFFCB252120E55709FD2E530B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species + + + +Author + +Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco + + + +Author + +Marques, Dayse W. A. + + + +Author + +Reis, Geniana A. + + + +Author + +Rafael, José A. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-12-07 + + +4362 + + +4 + + +517 +534 + + + +journal article +31222 +10.11646/zootaxa.4362.4.3 +b8e5cb85-d81c-4e7c-b22a-1ef331a1c93b +1175-5326 +1095320 +91A89F3F-8F74-4608-AEA1-590A392AD78E + + + + + + + +Inpauema raimundoluizi +, + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 46–56 +) + + + + +Etymology +. The specific epithet is in honor of Raimundo Luiz Ferreira de Almeida, a professor at the UEMA and great friend of the first author. + + + + + +Description. +Holotype + +♂ +. +Body length +4.2 mm +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. Palpus brown on basal half, dark yellow on distal half. Tergite 6 approximately half length of syntergosternite 7+8; syntergosternite 7+8 with whitish rounded spot without sclerotization. Epandrium with subrounded slightly darker area medially. + + +Head +( +Figs 46–48 +). Frontal pruinosity velvety brown, with somewhat evanescent dorsal vitta projecting laterally to ocellar triangle reaching vertex area ( +Fig. 47 +). Height 1.8X the length; width 1.27X the height. Frons 1.4 wider than long. Fronto-orbital plate with gray-yellowish pruinosity in frontal view ( +Fig. 47 +). Antenna with arista yellowish on basal half ( +Fig. 48 +). Genal groove area brown to dark yellow, bare, large; gena predominantly gray-yellowish pruinose; postgena brown pruinose ( +Fig. 48 +) with dark brown spot near eye margin. Palpus brown on basal half, dark yellow on distal half. + + + + +Thorax +( +Fig. 49 +). Mesonotum dark brown to black with a faint gray pruinose stripe between dorsocentral setae, almost reaching third dorsocentral setae pair, more distinct when seen under anterior incident light. Scutellum dark brown; in dorsal view with inconspicuous gray pruinosity when seen under anterior incident light. +Legs +( +Fig. 46 +). Coxae and femora light brown. Tibiae and tarsi dark yellow to light brown. +Wing +( +Fig. 50 +). Hyaline; length +3.8 mm +, width +1.4 mm +, 2.7X longer than wide. + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 51 +). +Male terminalia +. Tergite 6 approximately half length of syntergosternite 7+8 ( +Figs 52– 53 +); syntergosternite 7+8 with whitish rounded spot. Epandrium with scattered setae on posterior half; with subrounded dark area medially ( +Fig. 53 +). Cercus apparently shorter than epandrium, with sparse setae on anterior margin and outer surface ( +Fig. 52–53 +). Hypandrium +3X +longer than epandrium ( +Figs 52, 54 +). Phallapodeme 2.33X longer than hypandrium ( +Figs 52–54 +). Basiphallus with about half length of distiphallus ( +Figs 52–54 +). Distiphallus suboval in ventral view, somewhat truncate distally ( +Figs 53–55 +). In ventral view pregonite with distal mesial keel subrounded; postgonite as a small thin sclerite ( +Figs 54–55 +). Gonocoxal apodemes upward directed, distinctly downcurved at fusion area when seen from posterior view ( +Fig. 56 +). + + +Female +. Unknown + + + + + + +Type +material + +. +Holotype +♂ +(pinned, terminalia in microvial of glass, good condition; left eye apparently eaten by insects), deposited in +INPA +: “ +Brazil +, +Pará +, +Óbidos +, +01°47'03"S +, +55°07'05"W +, + +29.viii–08.ix.2001 + +, [ +Armadilha +] +Suspensa +alta, +J.A. Rafael +& +J.F. Vidal +”. + + + + +Geographical record +. +Brazil +( +Pará +state). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5C/68/165C6833D9887CEA463964E7996CF341.xml b/data/16/5C/68/165C6833D9887CEA463964E7996CF341.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eb101e61616 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5C/68/165C6833D9887CEA463964E7996CF341.xml @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="CFCE553E67A280C31479E4E6EE20AF78" pageId="null" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="63B0920229B079DC31BCCFAA5102E7AD" pageId="null" pageNumber="173"> +<taxonomicName id="7C73D3BC6E961572E55A7EFBC9310449" ID-CoL="4J2HY" ID-ENA="3348" authority="L." class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="null" pageNumber="173" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="strobus"> +<pageBreakToken id="47FEDF626C31175A8DA35210497EBD6E" pageId="null" pageNumber="173" start="start">Pinus</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="CEEEAB9DC64E275D950F7F5AB7A3FA84" originalValue="Stróbus" pageId="null" pageNumber="173">Strobus</normalizedToken> +L. +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="11FE81DDFDE7B5570E8A76A97ED57710" pageId="null" pageNumber="173" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="83DF78C0EA797A0E1877B55778742F23" pageId="null" pageNumber="173"> +<normalizedToken id="C14A1DD40D052B0761CE6EEB7B65285E" originalValue="Weymouths-Föhre" pageId="null" pageNumber="173">Weymouths-Foehre</normalizedToken> +, Strobe +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Bis 60 m hoch; Stammdurchmesser bis 1 m; Tiefwurzler. Krone +kegelfoermig +. Rinde +aelterer +Baeume +grau bis dunkelbraun. + +5 Nadeln in einem +Bueschel + +, bis 15 cm lang, +0,5-0,9 mm +breit; innerseits mit 2 +wachsueberzogenen +Streifen, +blaugruen +; Lebensdauer 2-3 Jahre. Beginn der +Bluete +im Alter von 30 Jahren; +blueht +alle 2-3 Jahre. +Zapfen zur Zeit der Samenreife +(erst im 2. Jahr nach der +Bluete +) +10-15 cm lang, wenigstens 2 +1/2 + +mal so lang wie dick, +gekruemmt +, +haengend +. + +Fruchtschuppen schmal, +keilfoermig +, an der Spitze mit einer +grossen +, rhombischen, wenig vortretenden, gelbbraunen Verdickung. - +Bluete +: +Fruehling +; Samenreife im Herbst des folgenden Jahres. + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n += +24: +Ohne Herkunftsangabe (Santamour 1960, Sarkar 1963). Alte, +uebereinstimmende +Angaben in +Loeve +und +Loeve +(1961). + + +Standort +(nur angepflanzt). Kollin und seltener montan. +Tiefgruendige +, feuchte, lockere +Boeden +(auch auf Torf) in niederschlagsreichen Gegenden. +Ertraegt +extreme Temperaturen. + + + +Verbreitung +. +Urspruenglich +nordamerikanische Pflanze: + +Oestliches +Nordamerika zwischen 40 und 50° NB (in den Appalachen bis 34° NB +suedwaerts +), +westwaerts +bis ins Gebiet des Mississippi. In +Europa +und Sibirien angepflanzt (im Jahre 1705, vielleicht aber schon im 16. Jahrhundert, +eingefuehrt +). + + + +Bemerkungen. +P. Strobus + +waechst +sehr rasch und liefert ein weiches und leichtes Holz (Fabrikation von Kisten, +Zuendhoelzern +, Holzwolle, Sperrplatten). + + +Die seit dem Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts im eurosibirischen Raum entstandenen, z. T. sehr +ausgedehnten Kulturen +(oft Monokulturen!) von + +P. Strobus + +sind in den letzten 100 Jahren durch den Blasenrost ( + +Cronartium ribicola +J.C.Fischer + +) fast +vollstaendig +zerstoert +worden; in den Waldungen konnten sich nur ganz vereinzelte +Baeume +halten. Der +Blasenrost +ist im eurosibirischen Verbreitungsgebiet der Arven (die ostrussisch-sibirischen Arven sind unserer Arve nahe verwandt) +endemisch +und besitzt einen +obligaten Wirtwechsel +zwischen +Arven +und +wildwachsenden Ribes-Arten. +In den + +natuerlichen + +Pflanzengesellschaften verursacht der Pilz + +keine merklichen +Schaeden +. + +Als im letzten Jahrhundert + +P. Strobus +in Sibirien + +nahe an das Arvenareal gepflanzt wurde, ging der Blasenrost auch auf diese 5nadelige +Pinusart +ueber +. Von diesem +neuen Wirt +auf + +kultivierte Ribes-Arten +hinueberwechselnd + +, konnte der Blasenrost + +innerhalb von 30 Jahren durch das ganze Anbaugebiet von +P. Strobus + +nach Westeuropa vordringen und dabei diese nicht +"durchseuchte" +Pinusart +vernichten. +Spaeter +wurde der Blasenrost durch Jungpflanzen von + +P. Strobus + +nach Nordamerika verschleppt, wo er in +natuerlichen +Pflanzengesellschaften von 5nadeligen +Pinusarten +und + +Ribes + +arten +groesste +Schaeden +anrichtete ( +Gaeumann +1945, S. 178-182). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF625879FF04C0F93EBADAAD.xml b/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF625879FF04C0F93EBADAAD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..98fc1b99d0c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF625879FF04C0F93EBADAAD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ + + + +A new species of Robertsella Guinot, 1969 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Panopeidae) from the southwestern Atlantic + + + +Author + +Gouvêa, Ariane + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3734 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +10.11646/zootaxa.3734.1.8 +52253a23-43ab-4d99-8890-239d7ee7e53c +1175-5326 +219554 +8465E63F-E373-4AF9-BECF-250821B2A313 + + + + + + + +Robertsella meridionalis + +n. sp. + + + + +( + +Figs. 1A +– +D + +; 2A–D; 3A, C; 4A +– +B) + + + + + +Type +material. + +Brazil +: Santa Catarina, RV +Soloncy Moura +, stn 4, from +27o03.120"S +– +46o31.339"W +to +27o03.101"S +– +46o31.367"W +, otter trawl, + +8.xi. +2009 + +, 400 m: +holotype +male, cl +22 mm +, cw +30 mm +(MZUSP 21772). + + +Comparative material. + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +(see below). + + + + +Description. +Carapace wider than long, maximal width at fourth anterolateral tooth, minutely granular near anterolateral margins, coarsely granular posterolaterally; mesogastric, cardiac, intestinal regions smooth, poorly defined by faint grooves; hepatic region little more distinct. Ventrally, granulation neatly more distinct on suborbital, subhepatic and branchiostegal regions. Pterygostomian region coarsely granular near moulting suture, minutely granular near mxp3, with dense, coarse granules on low crest (scrapper) above inhalant channel. Branchiostegal margin lined with granules, above and, along margin row of strong granules. Fronto-orbital width little more than half of maximal width of carapace; frontal margin V-shaped, with medial cleft; frontal margin smooth; just behind frontal margin inconspicuous scattered granules and pits. Supraorbital margin interrupted by 2 small notches, margin serrated with low, acute granules, serration coarsest in lateral half, continued to outer orbital tooth (first anterolateral). Inner supraorbital tooth separated from front by wide, shallow gap, low, blunt; outer orbital tooth very low, lobe-like. Suborbital margin lined with small granules, mesially with broadly triangular tooth directed toward front, laterally with broad lobe, V-shape wide cleft between suborbital lateral lobe and outer orbital tooth. Anterolateral margin projecting in 5 distinctly granular teeth (outer orbital included), increasing successively in size posteriorly from first to fourth tooth: second tooth triangular, blunt; third very strong, broad triangular; fourth spiniform, sharp; fifth (last anterolateral tooth) very small but distinct, acute. Gap between anterolateral teeth 3 +– +4 much wider than between teeth 2 +– +3. Posterolateral margin well defined and rather straight behind last anterolateral tooth, poorly defined posteriorly, about as long as anterolateral margin. Limit between epistome, endostome well defined, forming pronounced, sinuous lip, interrupted by 2 V-shaped, deep notches, one at each side of deep mesial notch. Ocular peduncle cylindrical, very scattered granular dorsally, freely movable, thick, constricted subproximally, fully retractable into orbital cavity; cornea occupying much less than half-length of whole eye; ommatidia dark, poorly recognizable. Antennules prominent; proximal article thickest laterally, with semicircular, transverse row of granules; second article smooth, elongated, subcylindrical, articulated with proximal article at mesial end of antennular fossa; third article nearly equal in length to second, swollen distally, tapered to proximal articulation with second article, terminally with long marginal setae at either side of dorsal flagellum. Antennal article 2+3 immovable, filling orbital gap; articles 4, 5 freely movable, subcylindrical. Thoracic sternum minutely granular anteriorly, granulation stronger posteriorly; sterno-abdominal cavity deep, slightly granular anteriorly, lateral margins with scattered granules, more discernible posteriorly. Abdominal locking system functional in male, thoracic sternal button small, directed forward, placed about mid-length between thoracic sternal sutures 4/5 and 5/6. Third maxillipeds inserted wide apart from each other; ischium smooth, pitted, with faint longitudinal furrow, mesial margin granular; merus distinctly shorter than ischium, evenly granular; palp smooth. Chelipeds heterochelous, right P1 strongest. Merus of major P1 trigonal, dorsal margin with strong, blunt, subdistal tooth; surfaces evenly covered with fine granules, granulation strongest dorsally. Carpus with acute spine on inner margin; surfaces finely granular, granules stronger anteriorly and ventrolaterally. Propodus stout, surfaces minutely granular, granules forming reticular patterns. Fingers black, closing terminally only; cutting edges bluntly dentate, teeth becoming more coalescent posteriorly; teeth stronger on fixed finger. Minor cheliped similar to major cheliped except for its slender fingers. Ambulatory legs (P2–P5 detached from body) long, slender, similar to each other. Meri P2–P5 meri spinous dorsally, granular ventrally. P2 +– +P5 carpi with dorso-lateral, longitudinal, smooth depression, on each side a row of distinct granules; ventral surface smooth. P2–P5 propodi with scattered granular proximally. P2–P5 dactyli corneous-tipped, 6 longitudinal rows of dense, long setae, 2 dorsal, 2 ventral, 2 lateral. Abdomen of 4 somites and telson; abdominal somites 1–2 markedly short, somite 1 much broader than somite 2; somites 3–5 fused together; abdominal somite 3 expanded laterally, almost completely covering penis; abdominal suture 3/4 faint, still recognizable; suture 4/5 indistinct, its position indicated laterally only by faint cleft. Telson semicircular. G1 distinctly curved outward, just reaching to thoracic sternal suture 4/5. G2 very short, just reaching to sternal suture 7/8. + + + + +Etymology. +The epithet is derived from the Latin noun +meridies +(“south”) suffixed with - +alis +, + +meridionalis + +, adjective for “southern”, in allusion to the southern +type +locality of this species. + + + +FIGURE 1. +A–D, + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +sp. n. + +, male holotype +cl +22 mm, +cw +30 mm (MZUSP 21772). E–H, + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +, male +cl +18 mm, +cw +23 mm (USNM 170418). A, E, frontal view of cephalothorax. B, F, dorsal view of carapace. C, G, anteroventral view of cephalothorax. D, H, posteroventral view of cephalothorax. Note abdominal suture 5/6 located well above thoracic sternal suture 6/7 in D and sutures aligned to each other in H (arrows). Also note cheliped ischial ridge coarsely tuberculate in C (arrow). +Ab3 +, third abdominal somite. +CxP5 +, coxa of fifth pereiopod. +St6-8 +, thoracic sternites 6 to 8. Scale bars 5 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 2. +A–D, + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +sp. n. + +, male holotype +cl +22 mm, +cw +30 mm (MZUSP 21772). E–H, + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +, male +cl +18 mm, +cw +23 mm (USNM 170418). A, E, ventral view of cephalothorax. B, F, male sternoabdominal cavity. C, G, lateral view of the chela of the right cheliped. D, H, second left pereiopod. Note lateral expansion of the third abdominal somite in contact with thoracic sternite 7 in A and far from sternite 7 in E (arrows). +St7 +, thoracic sternite 7. Scale bars 5 mm. + + + +FIGURE. 3 +A, C, + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +sp. n. + +, male +holotype +cl +22 mm +, +cw +30 mm +(MZUSP 21772). B, D, + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +, male +cl +18 mm +, +cw +23 mm +(USNM +170418 +). A–B, lateral view of the first gonopod. C–D, mesial view of the first gonopod. Scale bars 0.4 mm. + + + + +FIGURE. 4 +A–B, + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +sp. n. + +, male +holotype +cl +22 mm +, cw +30 mm +(MZUSP 21772). C–D, + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +, male cl +18 mm +, cw +23 mm +(USNM +170418 +). A, C, lateral view of carapace. B, D, second left pereiopod. Note pereiopod coarsely tuberculate ventrally in B and smooth in D. Scale bars +5 mm +. + + + + +Remarks. + +Robertsella + +was until now known from one species, + +R. mystica + +, from the northwestern Atlantic (South Carolina, Gulf of +Mexico +, Florida, and Dry +Tortugas +). Although + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +n. sp. + +is represented by only one adult male, it can be distinguished from its northern counterpart by a suite of carapace and appendage characters. In + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +n. sp. + +(i) the well-developed lateral expansion of the third abdominal somite is in contact with thoracic sternite 7 and thus covers the gonopore and almost the entire penis ( +Figs. 1D +, +2A +) (much shorter abdominal lateral expansion that is not in contact with sternite 7 thus leaving the gonopore and most of the proximal part of penis uncovered in + +R. mystica + +; +Figs. 1 +H, 2E); (ii) abdominal suture 3/4 is evident along its entire length, less so near the axis only ( +Figs. 1D +, +2A +) (abdominal suture 3/4 evident at lateral notch only in + +R. mystica + +; +Figs. 1 +H, 2E); (iii) when the abdomen is closed, the abdominal suture 5/6 is located well above the thoracic sternal suture 6/7 ( +Figs. 1D +, +2A +) (abdominal suture 5/6 and thoracic sternal suture 6/7 aligned to each other in + +R. mystica + +; +Figs. 1 +H, 2E); (iv) the lateral margins of the thoracic sternite and episternite 7 are straight, aligned to each other and subparallel in relation to the body axis ( +Fig. 1D +) (sternal and episternal margins distinctly convex in + +R. mystica + +; +Fig. 1 +H); (v) the portion of the thoracic sternite 8 not covered by the lateral expansion of the third abdominal somite is proportionally larger than in + +R. mystica + +( +Figs. 2A +, E); (vi) the meri of pereiopods 2–5 are densely and coarsely tuberculate ventrally( +Figs. 2D +, 4B) (ventral surface of P2–P5 meri almost smooth in + +R. mystica + +; +Figs. 2 +H, 4D); (vii) the cheliped ischial ridge (pars stridens of the stridulatory mechanism, see below) is densely and coarsely tuberculate ( +Fig. 1C +) (ischial ridge less tuberculate in + +R. mystica + +); (viii) pterygostomial and branchiostegal regions are densely and coarsely tuberculate (Fig. 4A) (pterygostomial and branchiostegal regions much less tuberculate in + +R. mystica + +; Fig. 4C); (ix) the tubercles in both the branchiostegal margin and the transversal row of tubercles above the branchiostegal margin are much denser and stronger than in + +R. mystica + +(Figs. 4A, C); and (x) frontal region of carapace strongly deflexed ( +Fig. 1A +) (frontal region distinctly less deflexed in + +R. mystica + +; +Fig. 1 +E). + + + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +n. sp. + +and + +R. mystica + +probably produce sound by stridulation. Both species have an ischial ridge on the mesial side of the right and left chelipeds (par stridens, see Guinot-Dumortier & Dumortier 1960) that rubs against a scrapper (plectrum) on the carapace, a curved tuberculate edge located above the inhalant water opening. The chelipeds basis-ischium is fused together into a single article providing additional leverage for the rasping movement. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF63587CFF04C6623BADDEB0.xml b/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF63587CFF04C6623BADDEB0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf2db93998f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF63587CFF04C6623BADDEB0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +A new species of Robertsella Guinot, 1969 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Panopeidae) from the southwestern Atlantic + + + +Author + +Gouvêa, Ariane + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3734 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +10.11646/zootaxa.3734.1.8 +52253a23-43ab-4d99-8890-239d7ee7e53c +1175-5326 +219554 +8465E63F-E373-4AF9-BECF-250821B2A313 + + + + + + + +Robertsella +Guinot, 1969 + + + + + + +Robertsella +Guinot, 1969: 716 + +[ +type +species + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +, fixed by original designation and monotypy. Gender feminine]. + + + + + +Robertsella +Evenhuis, 1978: 247 + +[Invalid junior homonym. +Type +species + +Cyrtomorpha paganica +White, 1916 + +. Insecta: +Diptera +]. + + + +Robertsella +Chen and Shi, 2003: 135 + +[Invalid junior homonym. +Type +species + +Rugosochonetes macgregori +Roberts, 1971 + +, fixed by original designation. Brachiopoda]. + + + +Robertsella + +— +Pequegnat 1970: 192; Powers 1977: 116; Manning & Blow 1979: 106; Hendrickx 1998: 543; Števčić 2005: 52; Ng +et al +. 2008: 189; Castro +et al +. 2010: 14. + + +Included species. + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +n. sp. + +and + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + +. + + + + +Remarks. +Števčić (2005: 52) erected the monogeneric tribe Robertsellini Števčić, 2005, within the +Pseudorhombilidae Alcock, 1900 +, to receive the genus + +Robertsella +Guinot, 1969 + +, without any explanation. We follow Ng +et al +. (2008: 189) in keeping + +Robertsella + +within the +Panopeidae Ortmann, 1893 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF66587BFF04C4513DE6D9B9.xml b/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF66587BFF04C4513DE6D9B9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c0630437856 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5C/87/165C879FEF66587BFF04C4513DE6D9B9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +A new species of Robertsella Guinot, 1969 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Panopeidae) from the southwestern Atlantic + + + +Author + +Gouvêa, Ariane + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3734 + + +1 + + + +journal volume +10.11646/zootaxa.3734.1.8 +52253a23-43ab-4d99-8890-239d7ee7e53c +1175-5326 +219554 +8465E63F-E373-4AF9-BECF-250821B2A313 + + + + + + + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969 + + + + + +( +Figs. 1 +E–H; 2E–H; 3B, D; 4C–D) + + + +Robertsella mystica +Guinot, 1969: 716 + +, pl. 5, figs. 1, 132–133. + + + + + +Robertsella +mystica— + +Powers 1977: 115–117; Soto 1985: 482, 1986: 37, 1991: 626; Wenner & Read 1982: 189; Hendrickx 1998: 643; Števčić 2005: 52; Ng +et al +. 2008: 189; Felder +et al +. 2009: 1084; Castro +et al +. 2010: 15. + +Robertsella + +nr. +mystica— +Wenner & Read 1982: 189. + + + + +Material examined. +United States +: South Carolina, off Charleston, +37o27'42"N +– +79o34'30"W +, B. B. Boothe coll. +26.i.1976 +, A. B. Williams det., +1976, 22 m +: male, cl +18 mm +, cw +23 mm +(USNM +170418 +). Gulf of +Mexico +, Florida, Monroe County, south of Dry +Tortugas +, RV Oregon, stn 1330, +10 +.vii. +1955, 366 m +: +holotype +male, cl +20 mm +, cw +15 mm +(USNM 99490). Miami, RV Albatross, stn 2644, +25 +o40'00"N +– +80o00'00"W +, + +9.iv. +1886 + +, 353 m: +paratype +male, cl +8 mm +, cw +11 mm +(USNM 11407). + + + + +Description. +Carapace distinctly wider than long, maximal width at fourth anterolateral tooth, minutely granular near margins, granulation slightly more distinct posterolaterally; mesogastric, cardiac, intestinal regions poorly defined by faint grooves; cardiac and intestinal grooves little more distinct. Granulation more distinct on suborbital, subhepatic and branchiostegal regions. Pterygostomian region granular near moulting suture, smooth near mxp3, with distinct transverse row of coarser granules on low crest (plectrum) above inhalant channel. Branchiostegal margin lined with granules, above distinct row of granules all along margin. Fronto-orbital width distinctly more than half of maximal width of carapace; frontal margin V-shaped with median cleft; frontal margin smooth; just behind frontal margin inconspicuous scattered granules, pits. Supraorbital margin interrupted by 2 small notches, lined with distinct granules, granulation coarsest on lateral half, continued to outer orbital tooth (first anterolateral). Inner supraorbital tooth low, blunt, separated from front by wide, shallow gap; outer orbital tooth lobe-like. Suborbital margin lined with small granules, mesially with broadly triangular lobe directed toward front, laterally with broad lobe, V-shaped cleft between suborbital lateral lobe and outer orbital tooth. Anterolateral margin projecting in 5 distinctly granular teeth (outer orbital included), increasing successively in size posteriorly from first to fourth tooth: second tooth blunt; third broad triangular; fourth spiniform, blunt; fifth (last anterolateral tooth) very small but distinct. Gap between anterolateral teeth 3–4 much wider than between remaining teeth. Posterolateral margin well defined, rather straight behind last anterolateral tooth, slightly shorter than anterolateral margin. Limit between epistome and endostome well defined, forming pronounced, sinuous lip, interrupted by 2 Vshaped notches, one at each side of shallow mesial notch. Ocular peduncle cylindrical, widely scattered granules dorsally, freely movable, thick, constricted subproximally, fully retractable into orbital cavity; cornea occupying little less than half-length of whole eye, brownish; ommatidia poorly recognizable. Antennules prominent; proximal article thickest laterally, with row of transverse granules; second article smooth, elongated, subcylindrical, articulated with proximal article at mesial end of antennular fossa; third article nearly equal in length to second, swollen distally, tapered to proximal articulation with second article, terminally with long marginal setae at either side of dorsal flagellum. Antennal article 2+3 immovable, filling orbital gap; articles 4, 5 freely movable, subcylindrical. Thoracic sternum regularly moderately punctuate, pits rather faint; sternoabdominal cavity deep, smooth anteriorly, lateral margins with scattered, minute granules more discernible posteriorly. Abdominal locking system functional in male, thoracic sternal button small, directed forward, placed about mid-length between thoracic sternal sutures 4/5, 5/6. Third maxillipeds inserted wide apart from each other; ischium smooth, pitted, with faint longitudinal furrow, mesial margin granular; merus distinctly shorter than ischium, evenly granular; palp smooth. Chelipeds heterochelous, right P1 strongest. Merus of major P1 trigonal, dorsal margin with strong, blunt, subdistal spine; surfaces evenly covered with small granules. Carpus with blunt spine on inner margin; surfaces granular, granules stronger anteriorly and ventrolaterally. Propodus stout, surfaces minutely granular, granules forming reticular patterns. Fingers closing terminally only; cutting edges bluntly dentate proximally, teeth becoming more coalescent posteriorly; teeth stronger on fixed finger. Minor cheliped similar to major cheliped except for its slender fingers. Ambulatory legs (P2–P5 detached from body) long, slender, similar to each other. P2–P5 meri spinulous dorsally, granular ventrally. P2 +– +P5 carpi with dorso-lateral, longitudinal, smooth depression, on each side a row of distinct granules; ventral surface smooth. P2–P5 propodi with scattered granular proximally. P2–P5 dactyli corneous-tipped, 6 longitudinal rows of long setae, 2 dorsal, 2 ventral, 2 lateral. Abdomen of 4 somites and telson; abdominal somites 1–2 markedly short, somite 1 much broader than somite 2; somites 3–5 fused together; abdominal somite 3 expanded laterally, partially covering penis distally; abdominal suture 3/4 faint, still recognizable; suture 4/5 indistinct, its position indicated laterally only by faint cleft. Telson semicircular. G1 distinctly curved outward, just reaching to thoracic sternal suture 4/5. G2 short, just reaching to sternal suture 7/8. + + + + +Remarks. + +Robertsella mystica + +was erected by Guinot (1969: 716) for two males, one previously assigned to + +Pilumnoplax elata +(A. Milne-Edwards, 1880) + +by Rathbun (1918), and the second collected by R.V. +Oregon +in 1955 and identified as + +Pilumnoplax + +by F. Chace. Guinot (1969) provided a preliminary diagnosis and illustration for + +R. mystica + +and referred to Rathbun (1918) for the description of the dorsal surface of the carapace and appendages. Rathbun's description is too brief to allow confident identification, thus + +R. mystica + +is redescribed and illustrated herein based on the +holotype +. Rathbun (1918: 24) noticed growth variation in the first and last anterolateral teeth of the carapace and the merus of the cheliped, which is less developed in younger specimens. In the large male USNM +170418 +the last tooth of carapace is indeed distinctly more produced than in the smaller +holotype +male (USNM 99490), even though the first carapace teeth are equivalents in both specimens. In the male (USNM +170418 +) the cheliped merus bear a strong, subdistal acute spine on the lateral margin and the carpus an acute, subproximal spine. In the younger +holotype +male both merus and carpus possess a strong tubercle instead of a spine. + + +The strong faunistic relationships between the southwestern Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea and the eastern Gulf of +Mexico +has ultimately concealed the patterns of diversity in the southwestern Atlantic. In most groups of marine benthic invertebrates the number of species in common with the southwestern Atlantic, on one hand, and the Caribbean Sea and the eastern Gulf of +Mexico +, on the other hand, is conspicuously high (over 80%; see for instance Boschi 2000). Although critical for understanding marine diversity in the southwestern Atlantic, direct comparative studies between southern specimens and those collected further north are highly infrequent and, therefore, the knowledge of the marine benthic diversity in the southwestern Atlantic is largely the result of identifications based on literature alone (see also Tavares 2011: 260). The recognition of southern counterparts for northern species that have been historically believed to be widely distributed in the western Atlantic (either continuously or disrupted) has nevertheless been the subject of several reports (e.g., Manning & Holthuis 1989; Manning +et al +. 1989; Brandão +et al +. 2010, 2012; Tavares 1991, 1993; Tavares & Melo 2005, 2010; Santana & Tavares 2008; Tavares & Pinheiro 2011), of which + +Robertsella meridionalis + + +n. sp. + +, the southern counterpart of +R. + + + +mystica + +, is one more example. The largely untested assumption of a widely distributed western Atlantic decapod fauna (e.g., Coelho & Ramos, 1972; Melo, 1996; Boschi, 2000) has perhaps been too easily accepted as factual, although to which extent is yet to be investigated. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5C/A0/165CA08C758C18E5D829B878194BDF66.xml b/data/16/5C/A0/165CA08C758C18E5D829B878194BDF66.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88b1fccfa3a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5C/A0/165CA08C758C18E5D829B878194BDF66.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Ctenomyidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +1560 +1570 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Ctenomys knighti +Thomas 1919 + + + + + + + +Ctenomys knighti +Thomas 1919 + +, +Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 3: 498 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Argentina +, +Catamarca Prov. +, Otro Cerro. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: + +Catamarca +Tuco-tuco + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Mountains of La Rioia (W +Argentina +), north to +Salta +. + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Lower Risk (lc). + + + + +Discussion: +Cabrera (1961) believed + +viperinus + +synonymous with + +knighti + +. Karyotype reported for this taxon (2n=36 and FN=64; +Reig et al., 1992 +) is from specimens now recognized as + +C. scagliai + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5C/D2/165CD28EB5C85B914FF17550F3846FAF.xml b/data/16/5C/D2/165CD28EB5C85B914FF17550F3846FAF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d4047d97967 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5C/D2/165CD28EB5C85B914FF17550F3846FAF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Notes on the snake eels of the genera Apterichtus and Ichthyapus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) of the Central and South Pacific, with the description of a new species. + + + +Author + +John E. McCosker + + + +Author + +John E. Randall + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2005 + +800 + + +1 +11 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:692846CF-92D4-4323-938B-8D1EABEE6D24 + +journal article +z00800p001 +692846CF-92D4-4323-938B-8D1EABEE6D24 + + + + +[[ +Ichthyapus acutirostris Brisout de Barneville +]] + + + + +Comments on Easter Island and Hawaiian species of +Ichthyapus + + +In 1975 we (Randall and McCosker, 1975) provisionally identified Easter Island specimens of +Ichthyapus +as +I. vulturis (Weber & de Beaufort 1916) +and included +Caecula (Sphagebranchus) platyrhyncha Gosline 1951 +in its synonymy. We did so because they appeared to be identical in morphometry and intermediate in their vertebral and cephalic pore conditions. We surmised that the preopercular condition of four specimens from Hawaii and Kure (2 had 3 pores and 2 had 4 pores) was normal variation for that character. We were wrong. After examining additional specimens from Hawaii and elsewhere in the Pacific, we have determined that two species exist in the Hawaiian archipelago and that the Easter Island population is +I. acutirostris Brisout de Barneville +(1847) (illustrations of +I. acutirostris +appear in Blache & Bauchot 1972 and in Randall & McCosker 1975). We now recognize Hawaiian +Ichthyapus +to include +I. vulturis +(Fig. 3) (which have a comparatively larger eye, 124-134 total vertebrae, MVF=47.1-130.1, and 4 preopercular pores, n=20) and +I. platyrhynchus +(Figs. 3-4) (which have a smaller eye, 120-128 total vertebrae, MVF=48.6-124, and 3 preopercular pores, n=17). + + +McCosker (2004: 171-173) recently proposed that +Ichthyapus acutirostris +, which had been described on the basis of two specimens (only one is extant) from "Haute-Mer, +Ocean +equatorial +," is the correct identity of specimens captured in Japan (Hatooka et al., 1995). He examined the extant syntype of +I. acutirostris +, compared the larger of Hatooka's 2 specimens to the Easter Island material, and found them all to be conspecific. In that the collector of the holotype of +I. acutirostris +(Monsieur +Paul-Charles-Alexandre-Leonard +Rang, 1793-1843, a French malacologist) never visited the South Pacific (few if any collections had been made at or near Easter Island before the 20th century) but had traveled to Japan (aboard the Levant after 1836), McCosker concluded that the remaining type specimen of +I. acutirostris +was probably collected from Japan. + + +The collection of additional Easter Island specimens of +Ichthyapus acutirostris +as well as a specimen from Pitcairn Island (BPBM 11898, 427 mm) has allowed us to provide an expanded description of the morphometrics and vertebral counts of +I. acutirostris +(Table 3). All specimens have 3 preopercular pores, 5 temporal pores, and 5 lower jaw pores. + + + + +Material examined of +Ichthyapus acutirostris +: + +MNHN +2119, 228 mm, locality unknown, the extant syntype + +. + +From +Japan +: +OMNH-P +5239, 531 mm + +. + +From +Easter Island +: +BPBM +6589, 235 mm + +; + +BPBM +6590, 2(218-222 mm) + +; + +BPBM +6591, 246 mm + +; + +BPBM +39203, 2(243-298 mm) + +; + +LACM +6560, 5(281-402 mm) + +. + +From +Pitcairn Island +: +BPBM +11898, 427 mm + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA35787B060DC6854AFA170897.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA35787B060DC6854AFA170897.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..35bad8c0f8e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA35787B060DC6854AFA170897.xml @@ -0,0 +1,358 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Ripersiella + +occurring in the Neotropical region, based on adult females + + + + + + + +1 (0) Bitubular ducts present................................................................................. 2 + + +- Bitubular ducts absent................................................................................ 18 + + + + +2 (1) Circulus present...................................................................................... 3 + + +- Circulus absent...................................................................................... 15 + + + + +3 (2) With 1 circulus....................................................................................... 4 + + +- With more than 1 circulus............................................................................. 13 + + + + +4 (3) Multilocular pores present.............................................................................. 5 + + +- Multilocular pores absent.............................................................................. 11 + + + + +5 (4) Multilocular pores present on both surfaces................................................................. 6 + + +- Multilocular pores absent from dorsum................................................................... 10 + + + + +6 (5) Claw digitules knobbed, longer than claw.................................................................. 7 + + + +- Claw digitules setose, shorter than claw....................................................... + +menkei +McKenzie + + + + + + +7 (6) Bitubular ducts thin, more than 2x as long as wide........................................................... 8 + + + +- Bitubular ducts thick, less than 2x as long as wide............................................ +gracilis +(McKenzie) + + + + + + +8 (7) Circulus about as wide as anal ring....................................................... + +mexicana +Hambleton + + + + +- Circulus considerably smaller than anal ring................................................................ 9 + + + + + +9 (8) Bitubular ducts each about +13 µm +long; ventral multilocular pores numbering 17–28................... +solani +Hambleton + + + + +- Bitubular ducts each about +8–9 µm +long; ventral multilocular pores numbering 40–45............... + +disjuncta +(McKenzie) + + + + + + + +10 (9) Ostioles well developed, not sclerotized............................................. + +aloes +(Williams & Pellizzari) + + + + + +- Ostioles poorly developed, hardly visible............................................... +totonicapana +Hambleton + + + + + +11 (4) Eyes present........................................................................................ 12 + + + +- Eyes absent............................................................................ +bolacis +(Williams) + + + + + + +12 (11) Each tergite with 6–13 bitubular ducts; ostioles sclerotized.................................. + +sasae +(Takagi & Kawai) + + + + + +- Each tergite with 2–5 bitubular ducts; ostioles not sclerotized...................... + +loksae +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty + + + + + + + +13 (3) Antenna with 6 segments........................................................... +bituberculata +(McKenzie) + + + +- Antenna with 5 segments.............................................................................. 14 + + + + + +14 (13) Circuli numbering 2–6; dorsal body setae short, all less than +30 µm +long........................ + +campestris +Hambleton + + + + + +- With only 2 circuli; dorsal body setae up to +100 µm +long....................................... + +kondonis +(Kuwana) + + + + + + +15 (2) Antenna with 6 segments.............................................................................. 16 + + +- Antenna with 5 segments.............................................................................. 17 + + + + + +16 (15) Dorsal multilocular pores present on all abdominal segments................... +hambletoni +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty + + + + +- Dorsal multilocular pores absent on abdominal segments..................... + +caledoniensis +Konczné Benedicty & Kozár + + + + + + + +17 (15) Dorsal bitubular ducts of 2 conspicuous sizes; multilocular pores present...................... +hibisci +(Kawai & Takagi) + + + + +- Dorsal bitubular ducts of 1 size; multilocular pores absent............................. + +incarum +Kaydan & Szita + + +sp. n. + + + + + + + +18 (1) Tubular ducts present, each with opening oval and sclerotised........................... + +kelloggi +Ehrhorn & Cockerell + + + + +- Tubular ducts absent.................................................................................. 18 + + + + + +19 (18) Ventral multilocular pores present....................................................... +andensis +(Hambleton) + + + + +- Ventral multilocular pores absent..................................................... + +colombiensis +(Hambleton) + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC680F3FDD00891.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC680F3FDD00891.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..edf64c3f3c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC680F3FDD00891.xml @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella menkei +( +McKenzie, 1962 +) + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +2 ♀♀ +, +Puntarenas Province +, +Manuel Antonio National Park +, secondary rain forest, in leaf litter and root-matrix, + +24.i.1993 + + +; + +7 ♀♀ +, +San José Province +, +Irazú +volcano, near +Jaboncillal +, in leaf litter and root-matrix, + +2800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.i.1993 + + +; + +5 ♀♀ +, +Talamanca Mt. Range +, +Sierra de La Muerte +, +El Empalme +, lower mountain wet forest, in leaf litter and root-matrix, + +2150 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.i.1992 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +* +Costa Rica +, +Mexico +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC68237FABE0A5C.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC68237FABE0A5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..243d9b9788f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC68237FABE0A5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella mexicana +Hambleton, 1946 + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +1 ♀ +, +Alajuela Province +, +Poas Volcano National Park +, + +2704 m +a.s.l. + +, + +21.i.1992 + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +, +San José Province +, +Irazú +volcano, near +Jaboncillal +, in moss, + +2800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.i.1993 + + +; + +7 ♀♀ +, +Talamanca Mt. Range +, +Sierra de La Muerte +, +Alto de la Gloria +, in leaf litter and root-matrix, + +1800–3400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.i.1992 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +* +Costa Rica +, +Mexico +, +Netherlands +, +Russia +, +U.S.A. + + + + +Hosts. + +Mammillaria geminispina +(Cactaceae) + +, + +Euphorbia neoarborescens +(Euphorbiaceae) + +, +Poaceae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC685B7FD4909D5.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC685B7FD4909D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a9f2edadb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B050DC685B7FD4909D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,376 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella loksae +Konczné Benedicty & Kozár, 2004 + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +BRAZIL +: +1 ♀ +, +Amazonas State +, +Manaus +, +INPA +protected forest, in leaf litter, + +21.ix.1967 + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +, +Ceará State +, +Ubajara Park National +, +Serra Grande +, tropical rainforest, in moss from trunks, + +650 m +a.s.l. + +, + +25.iv.1990 + + +; + +3 ♀♀ +, +Minas Gerais State +, +Santa Rita de Jacutinga +, +1 km +from waterfall, submontane rain forest, in leaf litter and root matrix, + +13.ii.1995 + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +, +Rio de Janeiro State +, +Itatiaia National Park +, near TV-tower, subtropical bushy vegetation with + +Lycopodium + +spp. and lichens, in leaf litter and root matrix, + +1400 m +a.s.l. + +, + +21.iv.1992 + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +on 1 slide, +São Paulo State +, +Campinas +, +Americana +, secondary forest in the valley of a small creek, in leaf litter, + +21.ix.1967 + + +; + +3 ♀♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +Caraguatatuba +, +Serra do Mar State Park +, +Atlantic +rain forest, in leaf litter, + +900-1000 m +a.s.l. + +, + +3.vi.1992 + + +; + +1 ♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +Ilha do São Sebastião +, near pass, tropical rainforest, in thick leaf litter and root matrix, + +400–450 m +a.s.l. + +, + +28.xi.1990 + + +; + +1 ♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +Ilha do São Sebastião +, protected urban forest, in leaf litter, + +29.v.1992 + + +; + +7 ♀♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +São Roque +, +Project Itatuba +, +Sapucaia Lake +, submontane +Atlantic +rain forest, in leaf litter, + +800-850 m +a.s.l. + +, + +3.i.1995 + + +; + +15 ♀♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +São Roque +, +Project Itatuba +, +Sapucaia Lake +, submontane rain forest, in leaf litter, + +800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +9.i.1995 + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +Pindamonhangaba +, +Paraíba +valley, remnant rainforest, untouched, in moist leaf litter, + +10.v.1990 + + +; + +3 ♀♀ +, +São Paolo State +, +Pindamonhangaba +, secondary rain forest, in leaf litter, + +28.v.1992 + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +on 1 slide, +Serra da Mantiqueira Mt. Range +, montain rainforest, in thick leaf litter and root matrix, + +1500 m +a.s.l. + +, + +18.v.1990 + + +; + +4 ♀♀ +on 2 slides, +Serra do Mar Mt. Range +, submontane rain forest, in leaf litter and root matrix, + +1000 m +a.s.l. + +, + +15.ii.1995 + + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Tocantins State +, +5 km +from +Porto Nacional +, bank of +Tocantins +river, gallery forest, in + +Selaginella + +sp. layer, + +24.i.1995 + + +. + +PERU +: +1 ♀ +, +Lima-Pucallpa +transect, +87 km +from +Pucallpa +, virgin forest, in leaf litter and root matrix, + +2-4.xi.1971 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Brazil +, +Chile +, +Paraguay +, * +Peru +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B060DC6837BFE340D8D.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B060DC6837BFE340D8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..460d92320f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357B7B060DC6837BFE340D8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella sasae +( +Takagi & Kawai, 1971 +) + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +1 ♀ +, +Cartago Province +, Turrialba, Tropical Agronomy Research and Learning + +Center +(CATIE), in moss from trunks, +150 m +a.s.l., +12.i.1993 +. + + + + +Distribution. +* +Costa Rica +, +Japan +, Madeira Island. + + + + +Host. + +Sasa +(Poaceae) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6802EFD1A098A.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6802EFD1A098A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4745c3f71e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6802EFD1A098A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella aloes +Williams & Pellizzari, 1997 + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +1 ♀ +, +San José Province +, +Irazú +volcano, near +Jaboncillal +, in leaf litter and rootmatrix, + +2800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.i.1993 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +China +, * +Costa Rica +, +Russia +( +Gavrilov-Zimin & Gapon 2016 +), +U.K. + + + + +Hosts. + +Aloe glauca + +, + +Gasteria +(Aloaceae) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6814EFD38088D.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6814EFD38088D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..616a2bcd29e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6814EFD38088D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella caledoniensis +Kozár & Konczné Benedicty, 2003 + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +5 ♀♀ +on 3 slides, +Alajuela Province +, +Poas Volcano National Park +, in leaf litter and soil, + +21.i.1992 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +* +Costa Rica +, +New Caledonia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6824AFD550A4A.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6824AFD550A4A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..afecddb15ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B020DC6824AFD550A4A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella campestris +( +Hambleton, 1946 +) + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +2 ♀♀ +, +Heredia Province +, +La Selva Biological Station +, +River Sura +, in leaf litter, + +800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14.i.1992 + + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Talamanca Mt. Range +, +Sierra de La Muerte +, +Alto de la Gloria +, in leaf litter and rootmatrix, + +1800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.i.1992 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Costa Rica +, +El Salvador +, +Guatemala +. + + + + +Hosts. +Asteraceae +, + +Coffea arabica +(Rubiaceae) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B030DC6838EFC6A0CFE.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B030DC6838EFC6A0CFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e78cfb868bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357C7B030DC6838EFC6A0CFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella disjuncta +( +McKenzie, 1967 +) + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +1 ♀ +, +Alajuela Province +, Arenal volcano, hot spings, in secondary rain forest + +leaf litter, +2800 m +a.s.l., +16.i.1993 +; +1 ♀ +, + +Heredia Province +, +La Selva Biological Station +, +River Sura +, in leaf litter, + +1800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.i.1992 + +; +2 ♀♀ + +, + +Puntarenas Province +, +Manuel Antonio National Park +, secondary rain forest, in leaf litter and root-matrix, + +24.i.1993 + +; +1 ♀ + +, + +San José Province +, +Irazú +volcano, near +Jaboncillal +, in leaf litter and rootmatrix, + +2800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +16.i.1993 + +; +2 ♀♀ + +, + +San José Province +, +Tarbaca +, lower mountain wet forest, + +Quercus seemanni + +trees, in leaf litter and root-matrix, + +1550 m +a.s.l. + +, + +14.i.1993 + + +. + + + + +Distribution. +* +Costa Rica +, +Mexico +, +USA +. + + + + +Hosts. + +Encelia +(Asteraceae) + +, + +Eriogonum fasciculatum +(Polygonaceae) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357D7B030DC685D4FACE0A50.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357D7B030DC685D4FACE0A50.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e4549f4fd57 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357D7B030DC685D4FACE0A50.xml @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella incarum +Kaydan & Szita + +, +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Fig. 1 +). + + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype +♀ +. +Peru +: +Cusco Region +/ +Machu Picchu +/ + +7.xii.1972 + +/ +Leg. Balogh J. +(PPI code: 12844; +HNHM +code: D-Am 3189); additional information: + +2000 m +a.s.l. + +, moss forest, in leaf litter and roots. + + + + + +Description of the slide-mounted adult female +. Body elongate-oval, +1.18 mm +long, +0.68 mm +wide. Eyes marginal, each about 12.5 μm wide. Antenna 5 segmented, 210 μm long; apical segment 85 μm long, 32.5 μm wide, with 4 fleshy setae, each seta 30–50 μm long, and apical setae each about 35 μm long. Clypeolabral shield 95 μm long, 105 μm wide. Labium 3 segmented, 115 μm long, 85 μm wide. Anterior spiracles each 32–35 μm long, 12–15 μm wide across atrium; posterior spiracles each 32–35 μm long, 12–15 μm wide across atrium. Legs well developed, length data for posterior legs: coxa about 110 μm, trochanter + femur 160–165 μm, tibia + tarsus about 175 μm, claw 30–35 μm. Ratio of lengths of tibia + tarsus to trochanter + femur 1.06–1.09:1; ratio of lengths of tibia to tarsus 0.89–1.0:1; ratio of length of hind trochanter + femur to greatest width of femur 2.75–3.2:1. Claw digitules spine-like, each about 7.5 μm long, shorter than claw. Claw without a denticle. Both pairs of ostioles present; anterior ostioles each with a total of 16 trilocular pores and 8 setae for both lips; posterior ostioles each with a total of 24–26 trilocular pores and 12–19 setae for both lips. Anal ring without spicules, 45 μm wide, bearing 6 setae, each seta 65–75 μm long. + + +Dorsum +. Derm membranous, without any cerarii around body margin. Setae on each anal lobe hair-like, each 50–55 μm long; body setae short flagellate, each 15–30 μm long, scattered on head, thorax and abdominal segments. Trilocular pores each 4–5 μm in diameter, scattered over entire body. Multilocular disc pores absent. Bitubular ducts, each duct 10 μm wide at mid-point, present in longitudinal single rows on medial, submedial and marginal areas; in a single row across abdominal segments, numbers as follows: segment I, 6; II, 5; III, 5; IV, 4; V, 5; VI, 4; VII, 6; VIII + IX, 0, and on head and thorax, 18. Tubular ducts absent. + + +Venter +. Setae flagellate, each 10–55 μm long, longest setae situated medially on head. Apical setae of anal lobe broken. Multilocular disc pores absent. Trilocular pores each 3–4 μm in diameter, scattered. Bitubular ducts, each duct 7–8 μm wide at mid-point, present in a longitudinal row on margins of abdomen and thorax, 1 on mid-area of each of abdominal segments VII and VI, and on mid-area of mesothorax. + + + + +Distribution. +Peru +. + + + + +Etymology. +The name of the species is dedicated to the Inca people, as the specimen was found at Machu Picchu, near the most prominent icon of the Inca civilization. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Ripersiella incarum +Kaydan & Szita + + +sp. n. + +can be recognized by the combination of the following features: (i) antenna 5 segmented; (ii) circulus absent; (iii) bitubular ducts of one size on dorsum, distributed in longitudinal single rows on medial, submedial and marginal area; (iv) multilocular pores absent; and (v) tubular ducts absent. + +Ripersiella incarum + + +sp. n. + +is similar to + +R. caledonensis + +and + +R. boharti + +in lacking circuli, but differs from them both in lacking multilocular pores and tubular ducts and in having 5-segmented antennae (multilocular pores and tubular ducts present, antennae 6 segmented in + +R. caledoniensis + +and + +R. boharti + +). + +Ripersiella incarum + + +sp. n. + +is also similar to + +R. gombakensis +(Williams) + +in lacking multilocular pores and tubular ducts, but differs in lacking a circulus and having 5-segmented antennae (circulus present and antennae 6 segmented in + +R. gombakensis + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357D7B050DC68374FEEE0C11.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357D7B050DC68374FEEE0C11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa9b2a06e42 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357D7B050DC68374FEEE0C11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,240 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella kondonis +( +Kuwana, 1923 +) + + + + + + + +Material examined. + +COSTA RICA +: +1 ♀ +, +Talamanca Mt. Range +, +Sierra de La Muerte +, +Alto de la Gloria +, in leaf litter and moss, + +1800 m +a.s.l. + +, + +24.i.1992 + + +. + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Ripersiella incarum +Kaydan & Szita + +, + +sp. n. + +Holotype female. + + + + +Distribution. +China +, * +Costa Rica +, +Guatemala +, +Japan +, +U.S.A. + + + + +Hosts. + +Nerium +(Apocynaceae) + +, + +Chrysanthemum +(Asteraceae) + +, + +Celtis occidentalis +(Cannabaceae) + +, + +Stellaria media +(Caryophyllaceae) + +, + +Scabiosa +(Dipsacaceae) + +, + +Medicago sativa +(Fabaceae) + +, + +Pelargonium inquinans +(Geraniaceae) + +, + +Watsonia +(Iridaceae) + +, + +Salvia +(Lamiaceae) + +, + +Ligustrum +(Oleaceae) + +, + +Rumex +(Polygonaceae) + +, + +Portulaca grandiflora +(Portulacaceae) + +, + +Crataegus + +, + +Eriobotrya japonica + +, + +Fragaria + +, + +Prunus + +, + +Rosa +(Rosaceae) + +, + +Coffea arabica +(Rubiaceae) + +, + +Citrus +(Rutaceae) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357F7B010DC68357FDFA0AC7.xml b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357F7B010DC68357FDFA0AC7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97cdbdc23a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/87/165D87BA357F7B010DC68357FDFA0AC7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species + + + +Author + +Szita, Éva +0000-0001-6335-5296 +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Benedicty, Zsuzsanna Konczné +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. + + + +Author + +Kondo, Takumasa +0000-0003-3192-329X + + + +Author + +Ramos-Portilla, Andrea Amalia +0000-0002-4371-0040 +Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario ICA, Grupo Sistemática de Insectos Agronomía, Museo Entomológico UNAB, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4371 - 0040 + + + +Author + +Kaydan, Mehmet Bora +0000-0002-0677-255X +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences H- 1022, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, Hungary. & Çukurova University, Imamoglu Vocational School, Adana, Turkey. & Çukurova University, Biotechnology Research Centre, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0677 - 255 X Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37, Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3192 - 329 X + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-09-11 + + +4851 + + +3 + + +573 +582 + + + +journal article +8590 +10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7 +4bd3436d-7f5d-4e04-92c8-5a74ee5e90b4 +1175-5326 +4486957 +7DCC5B79-4E04-4BDA-9CA6-95B1BC29EDA4 + + + + + + + +Ripersiella +Tinsley, 1899 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Ripersia rumicus +Maskell, 1892 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/9A/165D9A355B3C59677D7119FBC46EE75B.xml b/data/16/5D/9A/165D9A355B3C59677D7119FBC46EE75B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3bfa63e756a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/9A/165D9A355B3C59677D7119FBC46EE75B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part G) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +529 +556 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Gentiana centaurium +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 229. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Europae apricis, praesertim maritimis." RCN: 1876. + + + + +Lectotype +(Melderis in +Bot. J. Linn. Soc. +65: 229. 1972): Herb. Clifford: 81, + +Gentiana + +9 (BM-000558187) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Centaurium littorale +(Turner) Gilmour + +( +Gentianaceae +). + + + + +Note: +Difficulties between the competing + +C. littorale +(Turner) Gilmour (1937) + +and + +C. minor +Moench (1794) + +led Pringle (in +Taxon +36: 482. 1987) to successfully propose the rejection of +Moench's +name. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5D/A8/165DA82C300D3B89DC41815AF712CF74.xml b/data/16/5D/A8/165DA82C300D3B89DC41815AF712CF74.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a58648f1d9e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5D/A8/165DA82C300D3B89DC41815AF712CF74.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Birds from the Azores: An updated list with some comments on species distribution + + + +Author + +Barcelos, Luis MD + + + +Author + +Rodrigues, Pedro R + + + +Author + +Bried, Joel + + + +Author + +Mendonca, Enesima P + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Rosalina + + + +Author + +Borges, Paulo Alexandre Vieira + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6604 +6604 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6604 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6604 +1314-2828-3-6604 + + + + +Ichthyaetus melanocephalus (Temminck, 1820) + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Palearctic + + + +Distribution +FAI; PIC*; TER; SMG + + +Notes + +Occasional Migrant; Occasional Wintering. +Rodrigues et al. (2010) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5E/3A/165E3AF4A3DBFFF26DCF4DDBF75AB9F2.xml b/data/16/5E/3A/165E3AF4A3DBFFF26DCF4DDBF75AB9F2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..47017692a48 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5E/3A/165E3AF4A3DBFFF26DCF4DDBF75AB9F2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Platygastroidea + + + +Author + +Buhl, Peter N. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Notton, David G. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7991 +7991 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7991 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7991 +1314-2828-4-7991 + + + + +Synopeas lugubre Thomson, 1859 + + + +Distribution +England, Ireland + + +Notes + +added by +Notton (2008) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5E/5B/165E5B7E12F59265BE87664225663012.xml b/data/16/5E/5B/165E5B7E12F59265BE87664225663012.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07b7e5d7f41 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5E/5B/165E5B7E12F59265BE87664225663012.xml @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ + + + +Ameisen des Herrn Prof. v. Ihering aus Brasilien (Sao Paulo usw.) nebst einigen anderen aus Südamerika und Afrika (Hym.). + + + +Author + +Forel, A. + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +1911 + +1911 + + +285 +312 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4029/4029.pdf + +journal article +4029 + + + + +Camponotus sericeiventris Guerin +. + + + +[[worker]]. San Bernardino, Paraguay (Fiebrig). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5E/94/165E94F9D9DE93A77EE936A2D66AD023.xml b/data/16/5E/94/165E94F9D9DE93A77EE936A2D66AD023.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de9d12fda8d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5E/94/165E94F9D9DE93A77EE936A2D66AD023.xml @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ + + + +A DNA barcode-assisted annotated checklist of the spider (Arachnida, Araneae) communities associated to white oak woodlands in Spanish National Parks + + + +Author + +Crespo, Luis C + + + +Author + +Domenech, Marc + + + +Author + +Enguidanos, Alba + + + +Author + +Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba + + + +Author + +Cardoso, Pedro + + + +Author + +Moya-Larano, Jordi + + + +Author + +Frias-Lopez, Cristina + + + +Author + +Macias-Hernandez, Nuria + + + +Author + +De Mas, Eva + + + +Author + +Mazzuca, Paola + + + +Author + +Mora, Elisa + + + +Author + +Opatova, Vera + + + +Author + +Planas, Enric + + + +Author + +Ribera, Carles + + + +Author + +Roca-Cusachs, Marcos + + + +Author + +Ruiz, Dolores + + + +Author + +Sousa, Pedro + + + +Author + +Tonzo, Vanina + + + +Author + +Arnedo, Miquel A. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +29443 +29443 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e29443 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e29443 +1314-2828--29443 + + + + +Bordea negrei (Dresco, 1951) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: locationID: A2; continent: Europe; country: +Spain +; countryCode: ES; stateProvince: Catalonia; county: Lleida; locality: +Sola de Boi +; verbatimElevation: +1738.7 +; decimalLatitude: +42.54913 +; decimalLongitude: +0.87137 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventID: J; samplingProtocol: +Pitfall + + + + +Distribution +Spain, France + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5E/B0/165EB03DFFE8D54467A2FDA6FE77F83A.xml b/data/16/5E/B0/165EB03DFFE8D54467A2FDA6FE77F83A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..44c29d1c93e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5E/B0/165EB03DFFE8D54467A2FDA6FE77F83A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +A new record of Eotetranychus libocedri (McGregor, 1936) (Prostigmata, Tetranychidae) from Russia + + + +Author + +KamayevK, Ilya +Address / Affiliation: Laboratory of ecology and genetics of insects and mites, All-Russian Plant + +text + + +Acarologia + + +2024 + +2023-12-14 + + +64 + + +1 + + +40 +42 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/4tyf-qbpv + +journal article +10.24349/4tyf-qbpv +2107-7207 +10787520 + + + + + + + +Eotetranychus libocedri +(McGregor, 1936) + + + + + + + +Material examined +— +Twenty-four females +, +five males +collected on + +Platycladus orientalis + +(L.) Franco ( +Cupressaceae +), ornamental plantings, ( +45°01ʹ04ʺN +38°57ʹ06ʺE +), +Krasnodar +, +Krasnodar Krai +, +Russia +, +25-VI-2022 +. +Three females +collected on + +Thuja occidentalis + +L. ( +Cupressaceae +), ornamental plantings, ( +45°03ʹ25ʺN +38°54ʹ55ʺE +), +Krasnodar +, +Krasnodar Krai +, +Russia +, 26-IV- + + +2018. +Three females +, 1 nymph collected on + +P. orientalis + +and + +T. occidentalis + +( +Cupressaceae +), ornamental plantings, ( +44°43ʹ13ʺN +, +37°46ʹ34ʺE +), Novorossiysk, +Krasnodar Krai +, +Russia +, +3-5-X-2018 +. + + + + +Host plants +— This species has previously been recorded on +Cupressaceae +, +Pinaceae +, +Tamaricaceae +, + +Celastraceae ( +Migeon and Dorkeld, 2023 +) + +. + +Eotetranychus libocedri + +is recorded + + +for the first time on + +P. orientalis + +( +Cupressaceae +). + + + + +Remarks +— To complete the record, dorsal aspect and shape of the first three pairs of dorsocentral setae +c +( +1 +, +d1 +and +e1 +) of + +E. libocedri + +female are illustrated in +Figures 1 +A-B. Male aedeagus is shown in +Figure 1C +. + + +Most of all known records of + +E. libocedri + +in Eurasia are associated with ornamental plants + + +both in our study and according to literature data ( +Yeşilayer and Çobanoğlu, 2015 +; +Kontschan, 2019 +). Based on these considerations and taking into account the wide application of Cypress plants for ornamental purposes, it is assumed that the actual distribution of + +E. libocedri + +in + +Eurasia may be much larger than known by present time. + + +Figure 1 + +Eotetranychus libocedri + +: A – dorsal view +in habitus +; B – dorsocentral setae +c1-e1 +of females of + +E. libocedri + +in comparison with E. + + + +thujae +(right inset); C – aedeagus. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/15/165F154CFFE1FFB1FF20FB78035CF80D.xml b/data/16/5F/15/165F154CFFE1FFB1FF20FB78035CF80D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b00d96f845d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/15/165F154CFFE1FFB1FF20FB78035CF80D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,659 @@ + + + +A new species of Pristimantis (Amphibia: Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Río Abiseo National Park, Peru + + + +Author + +Lehr, Edgar + + + +Author + +Gregory, Cindy + + + +Author + +Catenazzi, Alessandro + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3731 + + +2 + + +201 +211 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3731.2.1 +08d566b9-219d-4b41-be53-0c369dfcf3ae +1175-5326 +219557 +A5ADEF5F-7E40-48A2-919C-905E17874737 + + + + + + + +Pristimantis deyi + +new species + + + + +( +Figures 2–4 +) + + + + + +Holotype +. + +MUSM 8968, adult male ( +Figs. 2–4 +), from Río Abiseo National Park, upper drainage of the Montecristo river, +2650–3000 m +, Provincia Mariscal Cáceres, Región San Martin, +Peru +, collected by L. Rodriguez on +August 1987 +. + + + +Paratypes +. + +A total of 36: +7 females +(MUSM 3788, 8970, 8982, 8992, 8995, 8999, 9000), +29 males +(MUSM 3787, 8958, 8961, 8964–66, 8968, 8971–73, 8977–78, 8983, 8986–87, 8990–91, 8993, 8997–98, 9005–11, 9013): collected at the +type +locality along with the +holotype +by L. Rodriguez in +June 1987 +, +July 1988 +and +August 1989 +. + + +Referred specimens. +21 juveniles +(MUSM 8905, 8917, 8920, 8940, 8967, 8969, 8974–76, 8980, 8981, 8984– 85, 8988–89, 8994, 8996, 9003–04, 9012, 15963): collected at the +type +locality by L. Rodriguez in +June 1987 +and +August 1989 +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +A species of + +Pristimantis + +tentatively assigned to the + +P. unistrigatus + +species Group on the basis of their overall similarity (e.g., areolate venter, expanded discs; see Duellman & Lehr 2009 for detailed characterization of this group) having the following combination of characters: (1) Skin on dorsum shagreen with numerous low scattered tubercles, skin on venter strongly areolate; weak discoidal fold present, only evident posteriorly; short, weakly defined dorsolateral folds present; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus present, its upper and posteriolateral margin covered by supratympanic fold; (3) snout long, acuminate and triangular in dorsal view, protruding and inclined posteroventrally in lateral view; broad, slightly upwards curved, fleshy process at tip of snout usually present; (4) upper eyelid with 1–2 enlarged conical tubercles; EW less (67.4%) than IOD; cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous processes of vomers minute, oblique and embedded in roof of mouth or absent; (6) males with vocal slits and subgular vocal sac, nuptial pads absent; (7) Finger I shorter than Finger II; discs of digits expanded, truncate; (8) fingers with lateral fringes; (9) ulnar and tarsal tubercles present; (10) heel with one or more conical tubercles; inner tarsal fold present; (11) inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, 3– +4 +x as large as outer; outer metatarsal tubercle small, ovoid; low, numerous distinct supernumerary plantar tubercles; (12) toes with lateral fringes; basal toe webbing present; Toe V longer than Toe III; toe discs about as large as that on fingers; (13) in life, dorsum rusty reddish orange or reddish brown with or without tannish-brown chevrons, dorsal surfaces of thighs rusty red to rusty orange with brown stripes, flanks grayish tan with diagonal brown stripes, venter cream with brown flecks on belly, pale tan to orangish tan or brown interorbital bar, canthal and supratympanic stripes brown, iris brass color with darker brownish-black horizontal stripe; (14) SVL in adult females 24.9–34.2 mm (n = 7), in adult males 15.3–23.5 mm (n = 29). + + + +FIGURE 2. +Holotype of + +Pristimantis deyi + +sp. nov. +(MUSM 8968) in alcohol in dorsal ( +A +) and ventral ( +B +) views, and head in lateral view with arrow indicating broad, slightly upwards curved, fleshy process on snout. Photos by A. Brus. + + + +Comparison with other species. + +Pristimantis deyi + +is readily distinguished from its congeners by having a long acuminate snout with a broad, slightly upwards curved, fleshy process at its tip. Eight species of Peruvian + +Pristimantis + +have the tip of snout with distinct skin protuberances (in parenthesis in the following). These are + +P. anemerus + +(rostral papillae), + +P. aquilonaris + +(small rostral papillae), + +P. caeruleonotus + +(terminal papillae), + +P. coronatus + +(small rostral tubercle), + +P. phoxocephalus + +(vertical fleshy keel), + +P. proserpens + +(small papillae), + +P. seorsus + +(horizontal keel), and + +P. vilcabambae + +(small rostral papillae). + +Pristimantis deyi + +differs from + +P. coronatus + +and + +P. vilcabambae + +in having a distinctive tympanic annulus and membrane (absent in + +P. coronatus + +and + +P. vilcabambae + +). Male +P. d e yi +have vocal slits that are absent in + +P. aquilonaris +, +P. proserpens +, + +and + +P. seorsus + +. Male + +P. deyi + +lack nuptial pads that are present in + +P. anemerus + +. + +Pristimantis deyi + +is much larger than + +P. caeruleonotus + +(female SVL 24.9–34.2 mm vs. 20.5–22.6 mm in + +P. caeruleonotus + +), and lacks yellow and pale blue blotches on posterior surfaces of thighs (present in + +P. caeruleonotus + +). Eight members ( + +P. aureolineatus +, +P. bromeliaceus +, +P. lacrimosus +, +P. mendax +, +P. olivaceus +, +P. pardalinus +, +P. royi +, + +and + +P. schultei + +) of the + +lacrimosus + +species Group occur in +Peru +and five ( + +P. aureolineatus +, +P. bromeliaceus +, +P. olivaceus +, +P. pardalinus +, + +and + +P. schultei + +) share with + +P. deyi + +acuminate snouts, whereas three ( + +P. lacrimosus +, +P. mendax +, + +and +P. ro y i +) have rounded snouts. Species of the + +lacrimosus + +Group have flat and relatively broad heads and are readily distinguished from + +P. deyi + +which has the snout long, narrow and subacuminate. Distinct skin protuberances at the tip of the snout have been described only for + +P. olivaceus +(Köhler +et al. +1998) + +, but minute tubercles on the tip of the snout are visible on photographs of + +P. bromeliaceus +, +P. mendax +, + +and + +P. schultei + +(see Duellman & Lehr, 2009: p. 153, p. 196, p. 234, respectively). + + + + + +Pristimantis deyi + +is most similar to + +P. phoxocephalus + +from northern +Peru +(Regions of Piura, Cajamarca, Lambayeque) and southern +Ecuador +. However, +P. d e y i +is smaller than + +P. phoxocephalus + +(female SVL 24.9–34.2 mm [n = 7] vs. 29.6–38.4 mm [n = 22], Lynch 1979), has minute dentigerous processes of vomers (prominent in + +P. phoxocephalus + +), inner tarsal fold present (absent), heel tubercles present (absent), dorsum in life rusty reddishbrown with lighter blotches or tannish-brown chevrons, (grey, red or brown, Duellman & Lehr 2009), and groin tan with pale brown flecks (groin with black and orange or yellow mottling). + +Pristimantis wagteri + +from the Rio Abiseo National Park and its surroundings has prominent dorsolateral folds (weak in +P. d e yi +), large tubercles on the flanks (flanks tuberculate in + +P. deyi + +), red or orange spots in the groin (absent in +P. d e y i +), and female SVL up to 44.0 mm (Venegas 2007) vs. SVL up to 34.2 mm in + +P. deyi + +. + + + +Description of the +holotype +. + +Head narrower than body, slightly longer than wide; head width 37.9% of SVL; head length 38.3% of SVL; cranial crests absent; snout long, acuminate-triangular in dorsal view ( +Fig. 4 +A), protruding, inclined posteroventrally in lateral view ( +Fig. 4 +B), broad, slightly upwards curved, fleshy process on its tip ( +Fig. 2 +C); eye-nostril distance 79.4% of eye diameter; nostrils protuberant, directed dorsolaterally; +canthus rostralis +straight in dorsal view, angular in profile; loreal region slightly concave; lips rounded; upper eyelid with two enlarged conical tubercles; upper eyelid width 83.3% of IOD; row of small tubercles forming short postocular folds; supratympanic fold narrow, sharp, extending from posterior margin of upper eyelid slightly curved to insertion of arm; tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus present, upper and posterolateral margin of tympanic annulus covered by the supratympanic fold, tympanum 32.4% of ED; two conical postrictal tubercles present bilaterally. Choanae large, ovoid, partially concealed by palatal shelf of maxilla; dentigerous processes of vomers absent; tongue width is two-thirds of the tongue length, posteriorly notched, posterior one third free; slightly curved vocal slits present, vocal sac subgular. + + +Skin on dorsum shagreen with low scattered tubercles, weakly defined dorsolateral fold present; skin on flanks tuberculate; skin on throat and chest weakly areolate, belly coarsely areolate; weak discoidal fold present, only evident posteriorly; cloacal sheath short, one conical tubercle below cloacal sheath. Outer surface of ulnar with minute tubercles; outer palmar tubercle completely divided, its inner half elongate, its outer ovoid, approximately two times the size of ovoid inner palmar tubercle; supernumerary tubercle distinct, ovoid, approximately half the size of subarticular tubercles; subarticular tubercles well defined, most prominent on base of fingers, round in ventral view, conical in lateral view; fingers with broad lateral fringes, outer fringe of Finger IV undulated and extending along outer hand surface to below outer palmar tubercle; Finger I shorter than Finger II; discs on digits of fingers expanded, truncate ( +Fig. 4 +C). + + +Hind +limbs long, slender, tibia length 54.6% of SVL; foot length 49.8% of SVL; upper surfaces of hind limbs shagreen with low scattered tubercles; inner surface of thighs smooth, posterior and ventral surfaces of thighs areolate; heels with prominent conical tubercles, one on left side, two on right side; outer surface of tarsus with minute tubercles coalescing into a low fold with one prominent conical tubercle on each side; inner tarsal fold long covering approximately two thirds of tarsus; inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, four times the size of ovoid outer metatarsal tubercle; subarticular tubercles well defined, round in ventral view, conical in lateral view; plantar supernumerary tubercles distinct, about half the size of subarticular tubercles; toes with broad lateral fringes, outer fringe of Toe V undulated, extending laterally to level of outer tarsal tubercle; basal webbing present, most prominent between toes III and V; discs expanded, slightly truncate, less expanded than those on fingers; relative length of toes: 1<2<3<5<4; Toe V longer than Toe III (disc on Toe III and on Toe V not reaching distal subarticular tubercle on Toe IV, +Fig. 4 +D). + + + +FIGURE 3. +Live + +Pristimantis deyi + +sp. nov. +female of SVL 29.1 mm ( +A +), female of SVL 30.0 mm ( +B +), and male of SVL 22.2 mm ( +C +). Photos by A. Catenazzi. + + + + +Measurements (in mm) of the +holotype +. + +SVL 22.7; tibia length 12.4; foot length 11.3; head length 8.7; head width 8.6; eye diameter 3.4; tympanic diameter 1.1, IOD 3.0; upper eyelid width 2.5; internarial distance 2.5; eyenostril distance 2.7. + + + +Coloration of +holotype +in preservative. + +Dorsum grayish tan with blackish-brown minute flecks, irregularly shaped black blotches on dorsum; forelimbs grayish tan with three irregular brownish-black bars, anterior view of forelimbs with distinct black blotch; hind limbs grayish tan with irregular brownish-black bars, heels grayish tan; fingers I and II tan, fingers III and IV grayish tan with small black blotches, toes grayish tan; head laterally grayish tan with distinct black canthal and supratympanic stripes and with two labial stripes, brown interorbital blotch; coloration of the upper half of tympanum black and contiguous with the supratympanic stripe, lower half tan; flanks tan, paler than dorsum with black blotches on dorsal aspect; axilla, groin, and anterior and posterior surfaces of thighs and concealed surfaces of tibia tan; throat, chest, belly and thighs tan with minute blackish-brown flecks, few aggregated in groups others diffuse; hands and feet tan with blackish-brown flecks and blotches; iris dark gray. + + + +FIGURE 4. +Dorsal ( +A +) and lateral ( +B +) views of head, and ventral views of hand ( +C +) and foot ( +D +) of + +Pristimantis deyi + +sp. nov. +(holotype, MUSM 8968). Scale bars equal 5 mm. Drawings by C. Gregory. + + + + +Coloration of +holotype +in life. + +Unknown. + + +Variation. +Coloration in life is based on photographs taken by A. Catenazzi ( +Fig. 3 +) of two females (SVL 29.1 mm and 30.0 mm) and one male (SVL 22.2 mm); collection numbers are not available. Both females have the dorsum rusty reddish-brown with lighter blotches (in female SVL 29.1 mm) or tannish-brown chevrons (SVL 30.0 mm), pale tan to orangish-tan interorbital bar present, canthal stripe brown, dorsal surfaces of thighs are rusty red with faint tannish-brown stripes, flanks tannish-brown with brown blotches forming stripes, the irises are iridescent brass color with darker brownish-black horizontal stripe. The male had the dorsum rusty reddish orange, narrow brown interorbital bar, canthal stripe brown, labial region mossy green with pale blotches, thighs rusty orange with brown stripes, flanks grayish tan with brown blotches forming stripes, the iris iridescent brass color with darker brownish-black horizontal stripe. + + +In ethanol, two females have the dorsum with prominent brown spotted chevrons (MUSM 8970, 8995), three have subtle spotted chevrons (MUSM 3788, 8000, 8992), and two have a pale middorsal region with brown blotches along sides (MUSM 8982, 8999). The majority of the males have subtle to distinct brown chevrons as described for the +holotype +, but four males (MUSM 8965, 8974, 8978, 9007) have a prominent tan middorsal stripe with brown edges on some specimens, three specimens have brown dorsolateral stripes surrounding tan middorsal region (MUSM 8977, 8998, 9002), and four specimens (MUSM 8958, 8987, 9005, 9009) have the dorsum nearly uniformly tannish gray. Twelve males have a narrow brown interorbital bar (MUSM 3787, 8961, 8964, 8986, 8972, 8983, 8990, 9005, 9008, 9010, 9011, 9013), three have a subtle narrow brown interorbital bar (MUSM 8971, 8997, 9006), and three have a spotted discontinuous narrow brown interorbital bar (MUSM 8958, 8991, 8993). In contrast, four females have broad pale interorbital bar bordered with narrow brown lines (MUSM 3788, 8970, 8992, 8995). Ventral coloration is tan with minute brown flecks on the belly, whereas nine males (MUSM 3787, 8965, 8983, 8986, 8990, 8998, 9007, 9010, 9011) have brown blotches on the belly. + +Coloration in ethanol can be summarized as follows: dorsum grayish tan with brown spots, sometimes irregularly shaped chevrons or dorsolateral stripes, distinct dark brown canthal and supratympanic stripes, dark brown interorbital bar, and venter tan with minute brown flecks or blotches on belly. + +Males are smaller than females ( +Table 1 +). Measurements of SVL taken in the field on 233 individuals, most of which were not collected, range from 8.4 to 32.0 mm ( +Fig. 5 +). + + + +TABLE 1. +Measurements (in mm) and proportions of type series of + +Pristimantis deyi +; + +ranges followed by means and one standard deviation in parentheses. + + + +Characters Females (n = 7) Males (n = 29) Slight variation can be observed regarding the fleshy process at the tip of the snout. The majority of both male and female specimens have a distinct fleshy process at the tip of the snout. The degree of which the fleshy process curves upwards depends on how concave the area posterior to the internarial region is. When the area is strongly concave, the fleshy process curves upwards as shown in figure 2C. When the area posterior to the internarial region is not concave, the snout is blunt without an upwards curved process as observed in one female (MUSM 3788) and three males (MUSM 8964, 8978, 9005). Two males (MUSM 8977, 9066) have a sharp anterior extension of the rostrum, three males (MUSM 8973, 8983, 9013) have a protruding rostrum, but lack a distinct fleshy process, and one male (MUSM 9009) has the upwards curved, fleshy process offset to the right side. Gradual variation of the fleshy, upwards curved process can be observed, but the differences are so subtle that we are unable to measure or photograph them. Photos of live specimens ( +Fig. 2 +) barely reveal the condition of the fleshy process, but a concave area anterior to the inernarial region can be seen in figure 2A and B. Preservation may influence the condition of the fleshy process, but we do not consider this character trait to be an artifact of preservation. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SVL24.9–34.2 (29.4 ± 3.1)15.3–23.5 (20.2 ± 2.4)
TL12.9–17.42 (15.6 ± 1.2)7.9–12.4 (10.9 ± 1.2)
FL13.0–15.5 (14.9 ± 0.9)7.2–11.4 (10.0 ± 1.2)
HL9.1–11.2 (10.1 ± 0.7)5.5–8.7 (7.3 ± 0.8)
HW10.0–12.2 (11.2 ± 0.8)5.5–9.2 (7.5 ± 0.9)
ED3.3–4.2 (3.6 ± 0.3)2.0–3.4 (2.7 ± 0.4)
TY1.1–1.8 (1.4 ± 0.2)0.6–1.2 (0.9 ± 0.2)
IOD3.6–4.2 (3.9 ± 0.2)2.3–3.6 (2.9 ± 0.4)
EW1.9–3.3 (2.7 ± 0.5)1.3–2.5 (1.9 ± 0.3)
IND3.0–3.9 (3.4 ± 0.3)1.8–2.8 (2.4 ± 0.3)
E–N2.7–3.7 (3.1 ± 0.3)1.6–2.7 (2.2 ± 0.3)
TL/SVL0.51–0.560.47–0.59
FL/SVL0.45–0.560.45–0.53
HL/SVL0.33–0.360.34–0.39
HW/SVL0.35–0.410.35–0.39
HW/HL1.07–1.140.92–1.09
E–N/ED0.79–0.920.70–1.25
EW/IOD0.54–0.920.49–0.82
TY/ED0.33–0.420.25–0.60
+ + + +FIGURE 5. +Frequency distribution of snout-vent lengths (SVL) for 233 individuals (including juveniles and adults) of + +Pristimantis deyi + +captured at the type locality in July 2000. The bi-modal frequency distribution of SVL (range from 8.4 to 32.0 mm) indicates sexual dimorphism and, also, that 85% of individuals measured from 14.0 to 24.0 mm, and less than 1% were females exceeding 30.0 mm. + + + + +Etymology. +The species epithet is a patronym in genitive singular. The new species is dedicated to the late Jonathan Dey, the Miner Linnaeus Sherff Professor of Botany at Illinois Wesleyan University for his scientific contributions, commitment to teaching and collegiality. Professor Dey was a renowned taxonomist of lichens. + + + + +Distribution and natural history. +The species is only known from the +type +locality in the upper drainage of the Montecristo river (a tributary to the Abiseo river), at elevations from +2650 to 3000 m +. In a sample of 233 individuals, 162 were captured from + +2170 to 2900 +m + +, 60 from +2900 to 3000 m +, and 11 from + +2650 to 2700 +m + +. + +Pristimantis deyi + +appears to be the most common species of + +Pristimantis + +living in the montane forests of this valley above +2600 m +. For example in +July 2000 +, individuals of + +P. deyi + +were 233 out of 536 captured individuals of + +Pristimantis + +, nearly twice as many individuals as the second most common species, + +P. wagteri + +. The average number of + +P. deyi + +was 13.1 frogs/person-hour of search effort (total effort 17.8 person-hours during 4 nocturnal transects). Specimens of the new species were captured at night from 19:00 to 22:00, perched on low vegetation in the montane forest. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/40/165F40FF8A9A5F03ADB887561BDA7A3D.xml b/data/16/5F/40/165F40FF8A9A5F03ADB887561BDA7A3D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fbee6ce0396 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/40/165F40FF8A9A5F03ADB887561BDA7A3D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Nomenclatural changes in Coleus and Plectranthus (Lamiaceae): a tale of more than two genera + + + +Author + +Paton, Alan J. + + + +Author + +Mwanyambo, Montfort + + + +Author + +Govaerts, Rafael H. A. + + + +Author + +Smitha, Kokkaraniyil + + + +Author + +Suddee, Somran + + + +Author + +Phillipson, Peter B. + + + +Author + +Wilson, Trevor C. + + + +Author + +Forster, Paul I. + + + +Author + +Culham, Alastair + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2019 + +129 + + +1 +158 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 +1314-2003-129-1 +BF57C6B3C3065AEE9B4B3D47189C908F +3382366 + + + + + +Coleus niamniamensis ( +Guerke +) A.J.Paton + +comb. nov. + + + + +Pycnostachys niamniamensis +Guerke +, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 145. 1895. Type: Sudan, Niamniam, east of R. Huuh, Schweinfurth 3750a (holotype: B, destroyed; isotype: UPS, K, fragment). + + +Pycnostachys decussata +Baker in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 382. 1900. Type: Kenya, +'Kavirondo' +, Scott Elliot 7155 (holotype: K). + + +Pycnostachys petherickii +Baker +in D.Oliver & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 5: 383. 1900. Type: Sudan, White Nile, Petherick s.n. (holotype: K). + + +Pycnostachys lindblomii +T.C.E.Fr., Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 11: 24. 1930. Type: Kenya, North Kavirondo District: Elgon, Kitosh, Lindblom s.n. (holotype: S; K, fragment). + + + +Distribution. +Sudan to Kenya. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE2FFE5FF2E0A2C4AF3FBF5.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE2FFE5FF2E0A2C4AF3FBF5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e2b125bf2c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE2FFE5FF2E0A2C4AF3FBF5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +nepalensis +Gentili, 1982 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Hainan: +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Tongshi, +19.xii.1957 +, Cuiying Li lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): Xinglong, +24.xii.1957 +, Cuiying Li lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Reaching from Himalaya ( +Nepal +, West Bengal) to SE Asia ( +Laos +, +Thailand +) and Hainan island. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE4FFE2FF2E0E6C4D57FE0F.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE4FFE2FF2E0E6C4D57FE0F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a13fc837b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE4FFE2FF2E0E6C4D57FE0F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Cyclolaccobius +) +politus +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + +( +Figs. 14–16 +) + + + + +Material examined. Yunnan: +1 male +, +1 female +(NMPC): Gudong env., Yunfeng Shan Mt., 25°22.7ʹN 98°25.4ʹE, +1825 m +a.s.l., collected individually in rapid stream at margin of mixed forest with + +Pinus, Quercus + +and + +Rhododendron + +, +8.vi.2007 +, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Gentili (2012) synonymized + +Oocyclus flaveolus +Hebauer & Wang, 1998 + +, with + +L. politus + +. So far known from +Taiwan +only. New for Yunnan Province. + + + + +Laccobius +( +Cyclolaccobius +) +yunnanensis +Gentili, 2003 + + + + + + +Material examined. Yunnan +: +1 male +(NMPC): Rehai hot springs, +6 km +SW of Tengchong, 24°57.1ʹN 098°26.2ʹE, +1400 m +, individually collected in small pool with clay bottom, +5.vi.2007 +, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Described from +Myanmar +and southern Yunnan. The above specimen is the second known locality of + +L. yunnanensis + +in +China +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE5FFE1FF2E0D754E80FE34.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE5FFE1FF2E0D754E80FE34.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8d22be1b4b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE5FFE1FF2E0D754E80FE34.xml @@ -0,0 +1,312 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius + +(s.str.) + +binotatus +Orchymont, 1934 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Anhui: +1 male +(SYSU): Woo-Fu (Wuhu), +29.v.1932 +, without collector. +Beijing: +4 males +, +3 females +(SYSU): Shisanling, +10.viii.1962 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): “Peiping”, no other data. +Chongqing: +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): +8.iii.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Gansu: +6 spec. (NMPC): Dagcanglhamo (=Langmusi) env., 34°05.1ʹN 102°37.9ʹE, +3540 m +a.s.l., stream and pools, +23.–25.vi.2005 +, J. Hájek, D. Král & J. Růžička lgt. +Guizhou: +1 male +(SYSU): Guizhou, 1939, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Guiyang, Guizhou Normal University Campus, +15.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt.; +3 males +, +4 females +(SYSU): Pingba, horse farm, +13.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. +Heilongjian: +6 males +, +5 females +(SYSU): Shangzhi County, Maoershan Mt., +3.viii.1963 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Wudalianchi, +7.viii.2008 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Hubei: +2 females +(SYSU): Hankou, each one with label “A. d’Orchymont det. +Laccobius +(s. str.) +binotatus +”. +Hunan: +2 females +(SYSU): Nanyue (Hengshan) Mt., +4.ix.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. + +Inner +Mongolia +: + +1 male +(SYSU): Huhehaote, +viii.1975 +, Xianwen Huang lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Linxi County, Linxi town, +23.vii.2008 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): suburb of Jining, +viii.1975 +, without collector. +Qinghai: +2 males +(NMPC): Huangzhong env., Taer Si lamasery (= Kumbum), 36°28.8–29.5ʹ 101°34.0–34.1ʹE, +2665–2780 m +a.s.l., puddles, +17.vii.2005 +, J. Hájek, D. Král & J. Růžička lgt. +Shaanxi: +6 males +, +6 females +(SYSU): Xi’an, Dayu, +12.v.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): Xi’an, Chaba River, +11.v.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +2 males +, +4 females +(SYSU): Huashan Mts., +24.viii.1984 +, Zhihe Huang lgt.; +4 males +, +1female +(SYSU): Chang’an, Xingguosi, +19.vii.1984 +, Zhihe Huang lgt.; +3 males +, +3 females +(SYSU): Chang’an, Wutai, +23.viii.1984 +, without collector; +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Wugong, +29.iv.1940 +, without collector. +Sichuan: +2 males +, +1 female +(SYSU): Xikang, Xichang, +5.x.1939 +, Fengying Zheng lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Emei Mt., +6.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Qingchengshan Mt., +8.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. +Yunnan: +2 males +(SYSU): Pohui, +2.ix.1934 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Lufengcun, +26.iii.1940 +, without collector; +5 males +, +7 females +(SYSU): Chengjiang, +15.v.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Zhejiang: +9 males +, +7 females +(SYSU): Tianmushan Mt., +27.vii–10.viii.2009 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Widely distributed in +China +, reaching to Russian Far East and Korean Peninsula. New for Chongqing, Gansu, Qinghai and Yunnan. + + + + +Laccobius + +(s.str.) + +cinereus +Motschulsky, 1860 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Inner +Mongolia +: + +3 males +, +5 females +(SYSU): Hulunbeir, Zhalainur, +27.vii.2003 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +3 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Hailar, +23–26.vii.2003 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Qinghai: +2 males +, +1 female +(NMPC, MSNV): +7 km +NE of Ulan, +3020 m +a.s.l., 36°57.6ʹN 98°30.6ʹE, +7.vii.2005 +, Hájek, Král & Růžička lgt.; +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Yushu, Batang, +vi.1975 +, without collector; +1 male +(SYSU): Yushu, Shangbatang, +4000 m +a.s.l., +20.viii.1974 +, Nanying Shen lgt. +Shanxi: +1 male +(SYSU): W of Datong, +15.vi.1983 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Distributed from Central Asia and Eastern Siberia to North +China +(Gentili 1995, 2003). New for Qinghai and Shanxi provinces. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE5FFE2FF2E0B0C4EB6FC11.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE5FFE2FF2E0B0C4EB6FC11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bdb2d9b0d54 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE5FFE2FF2E0B0C4EB6FC11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Dimorpholaccobius +) +simulans +Orchymont, 1923 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Sichuan: +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Batang, Yidun, +3370 m +a.s.l., +17.viii.1982 +, Shuyong Wang lgt. +Yunnan: +4 males +, +3 females +(NMPC, MSNV): +3 km +W Daju, 27°19.8ʹN 100°14.4ʹE, +1685 m +a.s.l., individually collected on gravel bank of a stream, +17–20.vi.2007 +, J. Hájek & J.Růžička lgt.; +1 female +(NMPC): Rehai hot springs, +6 km +SW of Tengchong, 24°57.1ʹN 098°26.2ʹE, +1400 m +, individually collected in small pool with clay bottom, +5.vi.2007 +, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt.; 21 spec. (SYSU): Chengjiang, +15–19.v.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; 31 spec. (SYSU): Lufengcun, +24–26.iii.1949 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): Kunming, +28.x.1939 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Xinping, Mamushu cun, +24.021°N +102.128°E +, +1127 m +a.s.l., +21.v.2011 +, Keqing Song lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Distributed from northwestern +India +(Punjab) through Himalaya and Yunnan to central Sichuan. New for Sichuan Province. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE6FFE0FF2E0D754BF8FF0C.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE6FFE0FF2E0D754BF8FF0C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d1a494178a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE6FFE0FF2E0D754BF8FF0C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,220 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius + +(s.str.) + +inopinus +Gentili, 1980 + + + + + +( +Fig. 18 +) + + + + +Material examined. Fujian: +15 males +, +11 females +(SYSU): Wuyishan, Xiameicun, in a pool +17.vii.2010 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +31 males +, +134 females +(SYSU): Nanjing, Hexizhen town, at the edge of a large pool, +13.vii.2010 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +9 males +, +8 females +(SYSU): Wuyishan, Da’anyuan, at the edge of Da’an river, +16.vii.2010 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Guangdong: +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): Lianxian (Lianzhou), Dadongshan Mt., Fenglong Jia & Min Duan lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): same locality, +25.ix.2008 +, Yun Wang lgt.; 1 spec. (SYSU): Danxiashan Mt., +21.iv.2008 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Xingning, Luofu, Huangmaozhang, +2.vii.2004 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Jiangxi: +8 males +, +10 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan Mts., Baiyinhu, 26°36.8ʹN 114°11.1ʹE, +800 m +a.s.l., +27.iv.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +5 males +, +3 females +(NMPC, MSNV): same locality, drying-up stream in the stony bed, night collecting in isolated pools in the stream on the wet rocks with algae, +23–29.iv.2011 +, Fikáček, Hájek & Kubeček lgt.; +4 males +, +5 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan Mt., Huyangta, 26°29.9ʹN 114°07.3ʹE, +1400 m +a.s.l., +28.iv.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +2 males +(NMPC): same locality and date, pools in a small stony mountain stream partly overgrown with moss in the primary + +Azalea + +bush, Fikáček, Hájek, Kubeček, Jia, Song & Zhao lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan Mts., Longshi env., 26°41.6ʹN 113°58.0ʹE, +240 m +a.s.l., +27.iv.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 male +(NMPC): same locality and date, rice fields, M. Fikáček & J. Hájek lgt.; +1 male +, +3 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan, Jingzhushan, 26°31.0ʹN 114°05.9ʹE, +640 m +a.s.l., +3.x.2010 +, Shuang Zhao lgt.; +7 males +, +3 females +(NMPC, MSNV): same locality, exposed shallow pool with rich submerged vegetation on the forest clearing, +25.iv.2010 +, Fikáček, Hájek, Jia & Song lgt.; +2 males +, +3 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan, Shuangxikou, +3.x.2010 +, Shuang Zhao lgt.; +2 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan, Dajing, Longtan scenic area, +3.x.2010 +, Shuang Zhao lgt.; +5 males +, +4 females +(SYSU): Shangrao, Sanqingshan, +15.viii.2006 +, Fenglong Jia, Haidong Chen & Jianhua Meng lgt. + + + + +Comments. + +Laccobius inopinus + +is widely distributed from the Russian Far East and +Japan +to southern +China +. New for Jiangxi province. Among Chinese species, + +Laccobius inopinus + +is similar to + +L. bedeli +Sharp, 1884 + +by the general habitus and morphology of the aedeagus, but may be distinguished from the latter by the combination of the following characters: (1) subapical widening of the median lobe is rather narrow but long (the widening is broad but short in + +L. bedeli + +); (2) apex of median lobe is rounded (in contrast to acute apex in + +L. bedeli + +). (3) paramere very narrow with large backward directed toot apically (parameres are wider and with very reduced apical tooth in + +L. bedeli + +). The aedeagus of the Chinese + +L. inopinus + +is illustrated in +Fig. 18 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE6FFE1FF2E0B6F4CF9FC11.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE6FFE1FF2E0B6F4CF9FC11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..602b660afc0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE6FFE1FF2E0B6F4CF9FC11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius + +(s.str.) + +colon +(Stephens, 1829) + + + + + + + + +Material examined. Inner +Mongolia +: + +1 female +(SYSU): Hailar, +23–26.vii.2003 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +3 males +(SYSU): Linxi County, Linxi town, +23.vii.2008 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Jining suburb, +viii.1975 +, without collector.; +2 males +, +16 females +(SYSU): same locality, +21.vii.2009 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Ningxia: +1 female +(SYSU): Helanshan Landscape of Garden of Ningxia Agricultral College, +24.vi.1990 +, Su lgt. +Shaanxi: +3 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): southern suburb of Xi’an, +17.viii.1984 +, Zhihe Huang lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Xi’an, Wujiafen, +17.viii.1984 +, Zhihe Huang lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): Huashan, +24.viii.1984 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. + +Tianjin +: + +1 female +(SYSU): Nankai University Campus, +28.iv.1956 +, without collector; +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): without additional data, each with label “ +Laccobius cinereus Motschulsky +?” +Xinjiang: +1 male +(SYSU): Fuhai pool, +11.viii.2005 +, Ling Zhao lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): “ +Laccobius +F Ƥ, +2/10/1940 +, Panle / Xinjiang?”. + + + + +Comments. +Widely distributed from Europe eastwards to Russian Far East and North +China +. New for Xinjiang, Ningxia, Inner +Mongolia +, Shaanxi and +Tianjin +provinces. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E08074C78FDA5.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E08074C78FDA5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a2ef0099c13 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E08074C78FDA5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius + +(s.str.) + +minutus +(Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + + + + +Material examined. Heilongjiang: +3 males +, +3 females +(SYSU): Wudalianchi, +7.viii.2009 +, without collector. + +Inner +Mongolia +: + +31 males +, +23 females +(SYSU): Yitulihe, +13–15.viii.2008 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Shaanxi: +2 males +, +3 females +(SYSU), Wugong, +29.vi.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Xinjiang: +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Fuhai pool, +11.viii.2005 +, Ling Zhao lgt.; +3 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Alati, Xiaodonggou, +10.viii.2005 +, Ling Zhao lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Widely distributed from Europe to Central Asia ( +Mongolia +, Eastern Siberia, Inner +Mongolia +). New for Heilongjiang, Shaanxi and Xinjiang provinces. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0BF94E1DFBAE.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0BF94E1DFBAE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..878897576a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0BF94E1DFBAE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius + +(s.str.) + +nobilis +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Fujian: +1 male +(SYSU): Fuzhou, Xihu, +3.x.1963 +, Shanxiang Lin lgt. +Guizhou: +1 female +(SYSU): Pingba, horse farm, +13.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. +Hubei: +1 male +(SYSU): Wuchang, +17.v.1961 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Hunan: +1 male +(NHMW): near Jang +Yuan +village, 28°50ʹ0 9ʺN 113°38ʹ0 5ʺE, ca. +290 m +a.s.l., +20.iii.2003 +, Schönmann, Komarek & Wang lgt. (CWBS 502); +1 female +(SYSU): Hengyang, +20.x.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Jiangxi: +1 male +(SYSU): Lushan, +400 m +a.s.l., +10.viii.1963 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Sichuan: +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): Emeishan, +6.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. +Yunnan: +1 male +(SYSU): Chengjiang, +15.v.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Dali, +26.viii.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): Xiaguan, +2050 m +a.s.l., +30.v.1955 +, B. Bobov lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): precise locality not given, 1939, Zhelong Pu lgt. + + + + +Comments. +So far only known from Fujian and Yunnan. New for Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Sichuan provinces. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0CA74A38F969.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0CA74A38F969.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dbeafad3127 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0CA74A38F969.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +florens +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Guangdong: +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): Xinyi, +7.vi.1960 +, without collector. +Guangxi: +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Yangshuo, 1985, Shoujian Chen lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Distributed in the maritime areas of East and South +China +. New for the Guangxi province. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0DE24D34FA6C.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0DE24D34FA6C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1e3f761ab53 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE0FF2E0DE24D34FA6C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +elegans +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Sichuan: +10 males +7 females +(SYSU): Xikang, Kangding, +2.viii.1939 +, Fengying Zheng lgt. +Yunnan: +10 males +, +14 females +(SYSU): Chengjiang, +15.v.1940 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Lufengcun, +25.vii.1939 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): Yingjiang, +850 m +a.s.l., +25.v.1983 +, Lizhong Hua lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Distributed from SE Asia ( +Laos +, +Thailand +, +Vietnam +) to South and Central +China +(Fujian, Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan,Yunnan). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE5FF2E0FAD4EE2FCEF.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE5FF2E0FAD4EE2FCEF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a4ec8eb6e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE7FFE5FF2E0FAD4EE2FCEF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,548 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +formosus +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + +( +Fig. 19 +) + + + + +Material examined. Guangdong: +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Xinyi, +17.vi.1960 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Guangzhou, without additional data; +1 male +(SYSU): Fengkai, Heishiding, +20–22.vii.2007 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Guangxi: +1 male +, +2 females +(SYSU): Hechi, +4.xi.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Yangshuo, 1985, Shoujian Chen lgt. +Hainan: +1 female +(SYSU): Jianfengling Mts., Tianchi, +11.xi.1983 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. +Hubei: +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Zigui, Jiutouling, +110 m +a.s.l., at light, +5.ix.1994 +, Fasheng Li lgt.; +2 males +, +5 females +(NMPC, MSNV): Wutienshan Mts., Yingshan, +5.v.2005 +, V. Ryjáček lgt. +Hunan: +17 males +, +17 females +(SYSU): Nanyue, Hengshan Mt., +4.ix.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Yizhang, +10–11.ii.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +7 males +, +4 females +(SYSU): Liyuan, +6.iii.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): Huaihua, Yushuwan, +17.vi.1965 +, Zhenyao Chen lgt. +Jiangxi: +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Shangrao, Sanqingshan, +15–20.iv.2007 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +4 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan Mts., Xiangzhou, 26°35.5ʹN 114°16.0ʹE, +374 m +a.s.l., +26.iv.2011 +, Fenglong Jia & Shuang Zhao lgt.; +1 male +, +1 female +(NMPC): same locality and date, at light on the bridge above the slowly flowing stony river, M. Fikáček & J. Hájek lgt.; +2 males +, +3 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan, Xiangzhou, +2.vii.2011 +, Weicai Xie, Jinwei Li & Lijun Yang lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Jinggangshan Mts., Baiyinhu, +800 m +, +27.iv.2011 +, Fenglong Jia & Shuang Zhao lgt. +Shaanxi: +2 males +, +4 females +(SYSU): Zhashui, +31.vii.2001 +, Ling Zhao lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Widely distributed species reaching from Russian Far East through whole +China +to Southeast Asia ( +Thailand +, +Vietnam +). New for Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi provinces. + +Laccobius formosus + +resembles + +L. fragilis +Nakane, 1966 + +by the morphology of the aedeagus (the latter occurring in +Japan +, +Korea +and northern +China +). However, + +L. formosus + +differs from + +L. fragilis + +by the following characters: (1) head and pronotum bears very weak shagreen (in contrast, a distinct shagreen consisting of micropunctures is developed on the head and pronotum of + +L. fragilis + +); (2) primary and secondary rows of elytra are rather similar to each other in size of punctures (they differ in size of punctures in + +L. fragilis + +); (3) apex of the median lobe is rounded apically (acute in + +L. fragilis + +); and (4) parameres partly sclerotized and hence regularly expanded at apex (apex of parameres membranous and hence irregularly expanded in + +L. fragilis + +). The aedeagus of a Chinese specimen of + +L. formosus + +is illustrated in +Fig. 19 +. + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +hammondi + +Gentili, 1984 + +( +Figs. 20–25 +) + + + + +Material examined. Beijing: +Shisanling, +10.viii.1962 +, Zhelong Pu lgt., with a label “ + +Laccobius gracilis +, Peiping + +”; +1 male +(IRSNB): Peping [= Beijing], 33 / Collector C.F. Wu // A. d’Orchymont det. Lacc. +gracilis var. sculpt +. Mots.. +Guangdong: +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Danxiashan Mt., +20.iv.2008 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +3 males +, +6 females +(SYSU): Lianzhou (Lianxian), Dadongshan, +27.ix.2008 +, Yun Wang lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Nanling, Dadongshan, +22.vi.2009 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 male +, +1 female +(SYSU): Lianxian (Lianzhou), Dadongshan, +7.ix.1992 +, Fenglong Jia & Ru Dai lgt.; +5 males +, +3 females +(SYSU): Guangzhou, Baiyunshan, +18–20.iv.1958 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Xingning, Luofu, Huangmaozhang, +2.vii.2004 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Guangxi: +5 males +, +5 females +(SYSU): Hechi, +4.xi.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt. +Guizhou: +3 males +, +4 females +(SYSU): Rongxian County, Pingyang, Xiaodanjiang River, +685 m +a.s.l., +15.ix.2005 +, Shuang Zhao lgt. +Hunan: +1 male +, +3 females +(NHMW): ca. +25 km +N Pingjang City, 113°38ʹ0 5ʺE 28°50ʹ10ʺN, ca. +200 m +a.s.l., +20.iii.2003 +, Schönmann, Komarek & Wang lgt. (CWBS 500); +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Nanyue (Hengshan Mt.), +2.ix.1941 +, Zhelong Pu lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): Huaihua, Yushuwan, +17.vi.1965 +, Zhenyao Chen lgt. +Jiangxi: +65 males +, +55 females +(SYSU): Shangrao, Sanqingshan, +15–20.iv.2007 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; 20 spec. (SYSU, MSNV), Jinggangshan Mts., Xiangzhou, +26.iv.2011 +, Shuang Zhao & Fenglong Jia lgt.; 12 spec. (NMPC, MSNV, SYSU): Jinggangshan Mts., Xiangzhou (forested valley south of the village), 26°35.5ʹN 114°16.0ʹE, +374 m +a.s.l., under stones and among sand at the bank of a stony river below the bridge, +26.iv.2011 +, Fikáček & Hájek lgt.; +1 female +(NMPC): same locality and date, rice field and exposed stream directly in the village; 5 spec. (NMPC): same locality and date, at light on the bridge above the slowly running stony river, 17 spec. (NMPC, MSNV): Jinggangshan Mts., Baiyinhu env., 26°36.8ʹN 114°11.1ʹE, +800 m +a.s.l., drying-up stream in the stony bed, night collecting in isolated pools in the stream, on the wet rocks with algae, +23–29.iv.2011 +, Fikáček, Hájek & Kubeček lgt. +Shaanxi: +41 spec. (SYSU, MSNV): Xi’an, Dayu, +12.v.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +3 males +, +7 females +(NMPC, MSNV): Dayu village, Chanhe river ca. +30 km +SSE of Xian, 34°01.0ʹN 109°06.9ʹE, +720 m +a.s.l., +11.v.2011 +, M. Balke & J. Hájek lgt.; +1 male +(SYSU): Chang’an, Nanwutai, +23.viii.1984 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. +Sichuan: +3 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Qingchengshan, +8.viii.1982 +, Zhihe Huang lgt. + + + + +Comments. +New for Beijing, Guangxi, and Jiangxi. + +Laccobius hammondi +Gentili + +is a very common species in +China +and is very close to + +L. oscillans +Sharp. It + +may be separated from the latter by the aedeagus, having the median lobe more dilated at the apical third than + +L. oscillans + +(compare +Figs. 25 and 26 +). Another distinctive character seems to be the pronotal surface, which is strongly shagreened in + +L. oscillans + +. + + + +FIGURES 20–26. + +Laccobius hammondi + +(20–25) and + +L.oscillans + +(26). 20–21: general habitus (20: dorsal view, 21: lateral view). 22–24: aedegus of + +L. hammondi + +(22: dorsal view, 23: lateral view, 24 ventral view). 25–26: aedeagus with open parameres showing the shape of the median lobe (25: + +L. hammondi + +, 26: + +L.oscillans + +from Japan, Sapporo env., Kimotetsu). + + + +The examined male specimen from Beijing has the aedeagus identical to the specimens from Shaanxi and Jiangxi. Reexamination of the specimens from the Jilin province published as + +L. oscillans + +by Gentili (1995) shows that the specimens are actually more similar to + +L. hammondi + +than to + +L. oscillans + +in the above characters. These data suggest that the previous records of + +L. oscillans + +from Beijing, northern +China +and possibly even Russian Far East may refer to + +L. hammondi +. + +A revision of the specimens from continental Asia as well as from southern +Japan +is necessary to understand the real distribution of both + +L. oscillans + +and + +L. hammondi + +. + + +The aedeagus of + +Laccobius + +( +M. +) + +yonanguniensis +Matsui, 1993 + +from the Ryukyu Islands seems to be extremelly similar to that of + +L. hammondi + +based on the drawing published by Matsui (1993). + +Laccobius yonanguniensis + +is most likely a junior synonym of + +L. hammondi + +but we were not able to examine the +types +of the former species. For that reason, we refrain from establishing this synonymy here. + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +himalayanus + +Gentili, 1988 + + + + + +Material examined. Yunnan +: +1 male +(ASHC): Xishuang-banna, +20 km +NW Jinghong, Man Dian, 22°07ʹN 100°40ʹE, +730 m +a.s.l., +26.v.2008 +, A Weigel lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Reaching from +Nepal +and northwestern +India +(West Bengal, Meghalaya) to SE Asia ( +Laos +, +Vietnam +) and Yunnan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE8FFEDFF2E0A314A43F952.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE8FFEDFF2E0A314A43F952.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00ea2bbf53a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFE8FFEDFF2E0A314A43F952.xml @@ -0,0 +1,346 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Cyclolaccobius +) +hainanensis + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs. 8–13 +) + + + + + +Type +locality + +. +China +, Hainan Island, Limushan Mts., 19°9.1–9.2ʹN 109°45–46ʹE, +550–750 m +a.s.l. + + + +Type +material. +Holotype +: + +♂ (SYSU): +China +: Hainan Isl. [MF 18] / Limushan Mts., +5.v.2011 +/ 19°9.1–9.2ʹN 109°45–46ʹE / +550–750 m +; along the road / Fikáček & Zhao lgt. // seepages with thin algae / layer + nearly bare wet rock / without distinct algae along / most remote end of road. + +Paratypes +(32): + +31 spec. (SYSU, NMPC, MSNV): same data as +holotype +; +1 male +(MSNV): +China +, Hainan Prov. / Limushan, Limu Temple / +5.v.2011 +, Shuan Zhao leg. + + + + +Description. +Total length +1.8–2.1 mm +( +holotype +2.0 mm); maximum width +1.2–1.4 mm +( +holotype +1.3 mm +). Total length / total width ratio = 1.5. Body oval, moderately convex, with greatest width in anterior third of elytra, continually narrowing more posteriad. + + +Head. +Labrum black, without specula in both sexes, slightly convex on anterior margin, closely adhering to clypeus; surface densely punctured, anteriorly with stiff setae. Clypeus and frons shiny black, preocular pale spots extremely small and vague; surface with irregular, scarcely arranged fine punctures, punctures slightly impressed but larger than labral punctures, each puncture with decumbent seta; microsculpture absent. Clypeus nearly 1.5× as wide as long, deeply emarginate anteriorly; frontoclypeal suture scarcely distinct. Eyes transversely oblique, nearly 2.5× as large as long, reniform posteriorly, closest to each other posteriorly than anteriorly; minimum interocular distance in frontal view 2.2× of width of one eye. Ventral surface black, except the brown maxillae. Mentum flat, uniformly microreticulated, with scarce punctures. Postmentum smooth, gula granulate. Maxillary palpi yellowish; palpomere 3 inflated, palpomere 4 asymmetrical, straight medially and convex laterally, scarcely infuscate at extreme apex. Antennae with 8 antennomeres, yellowish with darker club; scape (antennomere 1) longer than antennomeres 2–4 combined, pedicel (antennomere 2) cone-shaped, two intermediate antennomeres (antennomeres 3–4) very short, cupule (antennomere 5) asymmetrical, oval ventrad, crescent-shaped and emarginated dorsad, antennomere 7 expanded, larger than remaining club antennomeres, antennomere 8 constricted near apex. + + +Thorax. +Pronotum black, laterally with a yellowish irregular band widening posteriorly, external borders slightly explanate; microsculpture absent, punctation consisting of fine sparsely arranged setiferous punctures, only with irregular serial arrangement of punctures along margins. Prosternum with narrow longitudinal carina. Scutellar shield equilaterally triangular, black, impunctate. Mesoventrite with longitudinal keel, anteriorly forming a beak. Elytra combined ca. as long as wide (i.e., elytral index = 1.0), black or dark on disc, yellowish along lateral margins, lateral pale stripe slightly widening anteriorly, more widening posteriorly, very narrow at midlength. Elytral punctation consisting of fine setiferous punctures arranged in ca. twenty longitudinal rows, with alternating series of larger and denser punctures (primary rows) and more irregularly distributed finer punctures (secondary rows). Parasutural stria absent, fifth elytral row slightly sulciform ( +Fig. 8 +). Microsculpture absent. Lateral margins of elytra slightly explanate with a narrow bead. Epipleuron ending at level of metafemora. Metaventrite with decumbent pubescence, which is absent from a small medioposterior area. + + + +FIGURES 8–16. + +Laccobius hainanensis + + +sp. nov. +sp. nov. + +(8–13) and + +L. politus + +(14–16). 8–9: general habitus (8: dorsal view, 9: lateral view).10–12: aedeagus (10: dorsal view, 11: lateral view, 12: ventral view).13: habitat at the type locality of + +L. hainanensis + +. 14–16: aedeagus of + +L.politus + +from Yunfeng Shan Mt. in Yunnan (14: dorsal view, 15: lateral view, 16: ventral view). + + + +Legs. +Trochanters dark brown, femora dark brown except apical part, tibiae and tarsi yellowish brown. Femora pubescent basally, metafemur with coarser setiferous punctures. Tibiae with ranges of spines more developed on outer margin and on mesotibiae, metatibiae curved. Tarsal natatory setae nearly absent. Legs with five tarsomeres; protarsomere 5 nearly 3× as long as other protarsomeres; mesotarsomeres 2 and 5 each nearly 2× as long as other mesotarsomeres; metatarsomeres 1 and 2 each longer than other metatarsomeres. Claws shorter than tarsomere 5, arcuate. + + +Abdomen +. Ventrites nearly smooth, sparsely pubescent; ventrite 5 and 6 wrinkled, pubescence denser on ventrite 6 than on ventrites 1–5. + + +Aedeagus. +Total length +0.45 mm +. Parameres nearly 1.5x as long as phallobase. Phallobase 1.3x as long as wide ( +Figs. 10–12 +). Parameres slightly narrowing from base to apex, lateral and medial margins very slightly arcuate; distance between lateral margins of phallobase slightly wider than distance between lateral margins of parameres; apex of parameres asymmetrical, obtusely pointed. Median lobe as long as parameres, conically narrowing from base to midlength, then widened, conspicuously narrowing to wide subdivided apex (hence the apex lanceolate in shape). + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Laccobius hainanensis + + +sp. nov. + +is very close to + +L. politus +Gentili, 1979 + +, but may be distinguished from it by the wide lateral pale stripe on elytra suddenly widening near the elytral apex (more or less uniformly wide in + +L. politus + +), the elytral puncture rows more conspicuous (scarcely evident in + +L. politus + +), fifth elytral row slightly sulciform (not sulciform in + +L. politus + +), the primary elytral puncture rows conspicuously setiferous (setae inconspicuous or barely conspicuous in + +L. politus + +), the median lobe constricted subapically, weakly narrowing apicad (indistinctly constricted subapically and widely rounded at apex in + +L. politus + +), and parameres wider, flat (not rod-like) and with pointed apex (parameres narrower and widely rounded apically in + +L. politus + +). + + +The Chinese species of the subgenus + +Cyclolaccobius + +may be identified according to the following key (modified from Gentili 1995, 2003): + + + + + + + +1. Elytral punctures irregularly arranged, scattered; body length over +3 mm +.......................................... 2 + + + + +- Elytra with longitudinal rows of punctures; body length under +3 mm +............................................. 3 + + + + + + +2. Body blackish, convex in lateral view; head and pronotum smooth; male with specula; parameres longer than median lobe. +3.4–4.3 mm +..................................................................... + +L. zugmayeri +Knisch, 1910 + + + + + +- Body testaceous, depressed in lateral view; head and pronotum shagreened; male without specula; parameres shorter than median lobe ( +Fig. 26 +). 3.0– +3.2 mm +................................................ + +L. hingstoni +Orchymont, 1926 + + + + + + + +3. Elytral base with a small yellow spot; median lobe longer than parameres, swollen in the basal half, narrow in apical half. 1.8–2.0 mm................................................................... + +L. yunnanensis +Gentili, 2003 + + + + +- Elytral base entirely dark................................................................................ 4 + + + + + +4. Body length 2.0– +2.8 mm +. Elytral rows with punctures larger, very conspicuous at 40× magnification. Median lobe narrow throughout, narrower than parameres in its whole length..................................... + +L. nitidus +Gentili, 1984 + + + + + +- Body length +1.8–2.1 mm +. Elytral rows of punctures hardly conspicuous at 40× magnification. Median lobe widened at base and near apex......................................................................................... 5 + + + + + + +5. Elytral primary puncture rows conspicuously setiferous at 100×; fifth row slightly sulciform. Elytral pale lateral strip constricted at midlength, then abruptly widening near elytral apex. Median lobe constricted subapically, weakly narrowing apicad................................................................................. + + +L. hainanensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Elytral primary puncture rows not or scarcely setiferous at 100×; fifth row normal, not sulciform. Elytral pale lateral strip uniformly wide, only widening near elytral apex. Median lobe indistinctly constricted subapically, widely rounded at apex........................................................................................ + +L. politus +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + + + + +Biology. +The +type +specimens were collected on a seepage and wet rocks along a road through secondary tropical forest. The habitat contained patches with a thin algae layer as well as areas of wet rock without any apparent algae. + + + + +Etymology. +The species name refers to Hainan Island and Province, where the species was collected. +Distribution. +Hainan Island. Known only from the +type +locality in Limushan Mts. in central Hainan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEAFFECFF2E0E0F4E93FF2F.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEAFFECFF2E0E0F4E93FF2F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..812f187fc0a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEAFFECFF2E0E0F4E93FF2F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Dimorpholaccobius +) +bipunctatus +(Fabricius, 1775) + + + + + + + +Material examined. Xinjiang: +12 spec. (SYSU, MSNV): Wulumuqi, Liudaowan, +18.vii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 2 spec. (SYSU): Wulumuqi City, +18.vii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 1 spec. (SYSU): Yishadong, +22.vii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 1 spec. (SYSU): Chabuchar town, +4.viii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed from North Africa ( +Tunisia +) through Europe and Central Asia to Xinjiang, +China +. First record for +China +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFE3FF2E0CA14AEDFE0F.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFE3FF2E0CA14AEDFE0F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a9938492d31 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFE3FF2E0CA14AEDFE0F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,200 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Cyclolaccobius +) +hingstoni +Orchymont, 1926 + + + + + +( +Fig. 17 +) + + + + +Material examined +. +Xizang: +2 males +, +3 females +(CASB): Yangbajing, ca. +4220 m +a.s.l., +22.v.1960 +, Wang Chunguang lgt.; +1 female +(SYSU): suburb of Rikaze, +3826 m +a.s.l., +20–23.vii.1986 +, Liang Geqiu lgt. + + + + +Comments. +Known from Tibet Plateau and +Nepal +. Here (at SYSU) we are providing additional records from eastern Xizang. + + + + +Laccobius +( +Cyclolaccobius +) +nitidus +Gentili, 1984 + + + + + + +Material examined. Hunan: +1 male +(NHMW): ca. +25 km +N of Pingjiang City, 28°50ʹ10ʺN 113°38ʹ0 5ʺE, ca. +200 m +a.s.l., +20.iii.2003 +, Schönmann, Komarek & Wang lgt. (CWBS 500). +Jiangxi: +1 male +(NHMW): Luang Shi Peng Mt., 29°26ʹ58ʺN 115°58ʹ48ʺE, ca. +250 m +, +26.iii.2003 +, Schönmann, Komarek & Wang lgt. (CWBS 512); +4 males +, +7 females +(SYSU): Shangrao Sanqingshan Mt., +15–20.iv.2007 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Shaanxi: +4 males +, +8 females +(NMPC, MSNV): Hua Shan Mts., +110 km +NEE Xian, Huayin village, 34°31.2ʹN 110°04.6ʹE, ca. +530 m +a.s.l., river valley, +10.v.2011 +, M. Balke & J. Hájek lgt.; +1 female +(NMPC): Qinlingshan Mts., ca. +30 km +SSW of Xian, Fengyukou, 34°01.4ʹN 108°49.2ʹE, +580 m +a.s.l., wet cliff and waterfall, +12.v.2011 +, M. Balke & J. Hájek lgt.; +4 males +, +5 females +(NMPC): Hua Shan Mts., +110 km +NEE Xian, Huayin village, 34°29.5ʹN 110°05.1ʹE, +1275 m +a.s.l., granite cliff, +8–9.v.2011 +, M. Balke & Jiří Hájek lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Hua Shan Mts., +24.viii.1984 +, Zh.H. Huang lgt.; +2 males +, +2 females +(SYSU): Hua Shan Mts., the old road, +9.v.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt.; +1 male +, +3 females +(SYSU): Qinlingshan Mts., Fengyukou, wet cliff and waterfall, +12.v.2011 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. +Zhejiang: +12 males +, +10 females +(SYSU): Tianmushan Mt., +27–28.vii.2009 +, Fenglong Jia lgt. + + + + +Comments. +So far known from Anhui, Fujian, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Zhejiang (Gentili 1995, 2003). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E086C4AEDFE35.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E086C4AEDFE35.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ebd6af8e370 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E086C4AEDFE35.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Dimorpholaccobius +) +striatulus +(Fabricius, 1801) + + + + + + + +Material examined. Xinjiang: +3 spec. (SYSU, MSNV): Kashi, +7.viii.2006 +, lgt. Ling Zhao; 1 ex. (SYSU): Huocheng, marshland, +27.vii.2005 +, lgt. Ling Zhao. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed from Europe through Central Asia to Xinjiang, +China +. First record for +China +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E0A0A4B65FAB4.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E0A0A4B65FAB4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7cbe7629aa1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E0A0A4B65FAB4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Compsolaccobius +) +pallidissimus +Reitter, 1899 + + + + + + + +Material examined. Xinjiang: +41 exs. (32 exs. SYSU, 8 exs. MSNV, 1 ex. NMPC): Chabuchaer, +4.viii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 1 ex. (SYSU): Yili Farmland, +2.viii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 3 exs. (SYSU): Kuerle city, +20.vii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 11 exs. (SYSU): Kuerle, Yishadong, +22.vii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 1 ex. (SYSU): Bazhou, Yishadong, +22.vii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 2 exs. (SYSU): Jinghe, Gaoquan, +31.vi.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang; 26 exs. (SYSU): Yili Agricultural School, +3.viii.1984 +, lgt. Zhihe Huang. + + + + +Distribution. +Known from +Afghanistan +, +Tajikistan +, +Turkmenistan +, +Uzbekistan +. First record for +China +. + + + + +Laccobius +( +Microlaccobius +) +tonkinensis +Gentili, 1979 + + + + + + +Material examined. Shaanxi: +2 females +(NHMW): Qinling Shan Mts., river bank at road Zhouzhi-Foping, +96 km +WSW of Xi’an, 33°53ʹN 108°02ʹE, +950 m +a.s.l., in fine to coarse gravel at river bank, +4.vii.2001 +, Wrase lgt. +Distribution. +Known from +Laos +, +Thailand +and +Vietnam +. First record for +China +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E0B694B89FD16.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E0B694B89FD16.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..81b762ba022 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEBFFECFF2E0B694B89FD16.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Compsolaccobius +) +decorus +(Gyllenhal, 1827) + + + + + + + +Material examined. Qinghai: +1 male +(NMPC): +13.4 km +NW of Golmud, 36°25.7ʹN 94°45.9ʹE, +2800 m +a.s.l., saline, +8.vii.2005 +, Hájek, Král & Růžička lgt. + + + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed from North Europe (Baltic area) through +Ukraine +and +Russia +(West Siberia) and Central Asia ( +Afghanistan +, +Mongolia +) to northwestern +China +(Qingshai). First record for +China +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEDFFEFFF2E0C7C4BA6FCDD.xml b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEDFFEFFF2E0C7C4BA6FCDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f59c6a31ed7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/5F/87/165F8783FFEDFFEFFF2E0C7C4BA6FCDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,320 @@ + + + +The genus Laccobius in China: new species and new records (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong + + + +Author + +Gentili, Elio + + + +Author + +Fikáček, Martin + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2013 + +3635 + + +4 + + +402 +418 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3635.4.4 +5b27dcc4-7605-425c-847d-41f2a8dd86d6 +1175-5326 +219563 +2426930B-7131-49DA-B1BF-682BE3826928 + + + + + + + +Laccobius +( +Glyptolaccobius +) +qinlingensis + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs. 1–7 +) + + + + + +Type +locality. + +China +, Shaanxi Province, Qinlingshan Mts., Fengyukou, 34°01.4ʹN 108°49.2ʹE, +580 m +a.s.l. (the series including the +holotype +, collected by the first author, was taken simultaneously and in the same spot that was collected by Balke & Hájek, hence we provide the complete data on the +type +locality combining the label data of both these series). + + + +Type +material. +Holotype +: + +♂ (SYSU): +CHINA +, Shaanxi, Qinling, Qinlingliang, Fengyukou, +12.v.2011 +, lgt. Fenglong Jia [transcribed from Chinese]. + +Paratypes +(58): + +32 spec. (SYSU): same data as the +holotype +; 2 spec. (MSNV): +China +, Shaanxi, Prov. / Huashan, rock of old road / +12.v.2011 +/ Fenglong Jia leg.; 9 spec. (NMPC, MSNV): +CHINA +: Shaanxi prov. +12.v.2011 +/ ca. +30 km +SSW of Xian / Qinlingshan Mts., Fengyukou / (wet cliff, waterfall), 34°01.4ʹN / 108°49.2ʹE, +580 m +/ M. Balke & J. Hájek lgt.; 12 spec. (NMPC, MSNV): +CHINA +: Shaanxi Prov. +10.v.2011 +/ +110 km +NNE Xian, Huayin vill. / Hua Shan Mt. (river valley), / ca. +530 m +, 34°31.2ʹN 10°04.6ʹE / M. Balke & J. Hájek lgt.; 3 spec. (NMPC): +CHINA +: Shaanxi prov., +8–9.v.2011 +/ +110 km +NEE Xian, Huyain vill. / Hua Shan Mt. (granite cliff) / +1275 m +, 34°29.5ʹN 110°05.1ʹE / M. Balke & J. Hájek lgt. + + + + +Description. +Total length +2.7–2.9 mm +( +holotype +: +2.8 mm +), total width +1.4–1.5 mm +( +holotype +: +1.5 mm +). Body oval, moderately convex, maximum width in anterior elytral third. Total length / total width ratio = 1.9. Dorsal surface finely pubescent. + + + +FIGURES 1–7. + +Laccobius +( +Glyptolaccobius +) +qinlingensis + + +sp. nov. + +and its localities. 1–2: general habitus (1: dorsal view; 2: lateral view). 3–5: aedeagus (3: dorsal view; 4: lateral view; 5: ventral view). 6: waterfall at Fengyukou, type locality, site where the specimens were collected is marked by an arrow. 7: M. Balke collecting + +L. qinlingensis + +and + +Aspidytes wrasei + +at a granite cliff near Huayin village. Photos 6–7 by J. Hájek. + + + +Head. +Coloration black, without pale preocular spots, surface with dense and coarse punctures, without microsculpture; ‘systematic punctures’ indistinct; periocular sulci vaguely defined, reaching anterolateral branches of frontoclypeal suture. Labrum blackish, about 2.3× as wide as long, without specula in both sexes; anterior margin very feebly emarginated medially; lateral portions sharply angulated. Anterior margin of clypeus deeply excised. Eyes oblong, oblique, closest to each other posteriorly, slightly protruding laterad, separated by distance equal to 2.35× of width of one eye in dorsal view; posterior margin of eye nearly straight in dorsal view, distinctly reniform in lateral view; postocular portion of tempora short. Mentum strongly rugose, bearing few coarse punctures, not emarginate anteriorly. Submentum not microgranulate. Gula microgranulate, gular sutures widely separated, tentorial pits moderately large, very distinct. Maxillary palpi yellowish brown, dark at apex; palpomere 1 thin and short; palpomeres 2 and 3 nearly equal in length, palpomere 3 dilated at apex; palpomere 4 elongate, nearly 1.4× as long as palpomere 3, asymmetrical, inner margin straight and outer margin convex, apex truncate. Antenna with eight antennomeres; scape (antennomere 1) longer than antennomeres 2–4 combined; pedicel (antennomere 2) cone-shaped; two intermediate antennomeres (antennomeres 3–4) very short; cupule (antennomere 5) asymmetrical, oval in ventral view, crescent-shaped and emarginate in dorsal view; antennal club loose, bearing densely arranged setae, antennomeres 6 and 8 nearly equal in length, antennomere 6 widest, antennomere 7 shortest and narrowest. + + +Thorax. +Pronotum transverse, slightly impressed sublaterally, 0.4× as long as wide; black with yellowish lateral margins; yellow area about 0.5× as wide as posterior margin of eye along base, sometimes yellow edge vaguely defined from black disc; surface smooth as that on head, without microsculpture; punctures coarse and dense, bearing decumbent whitish setae. Prosternum black, tectiform, with longitudinal keel. Scutellar shield equilaterally triangular, black, with few punctures. Mesoventrite with longitudinal, anteriorly arrow-shaped keel. Elytra combined slightly elongate, ca. 1.2× as long as wide, blackish with yellowish lateral margins and apices; without pale yellow basal spot; 10 longitudinal rows of regularly impressed primary punctures alternating with 10 rows (interstriae) of sparser and more or less irregular secondary punctures; secondary punctures of same size as primary punctures; all punctures bearing long whitish semierect setae. Parasutural furrow reaching anterior third of elytral length, very conspicuous on posterior elytral third and elytral apex. Epipleura and pseudoepipleura oblique, nearly vertical. Metaventrite setiferous with an oval median glabrous area and a longitudinal sulcus posteromedially. + + +Legs. +Procoxae and trochanters pubescent; profemora setiferous on basal half, smooth distally, with tibial grooves; protibiae smooth, each bearing stiff setae and two apical spurs. Mesofemora smooth, with tibial grooves; ventral side of mesotibiae with three longitudinal rows of stiff setae and sulcus between two longitudinal ridges. Metatrochanters smooth and shining, only very finely pubescent mesally; metafemora smooth, each with scarce punctures and tibial grooves; metatibiae curved, ventral side of each tibia with three longitudinal rows of stiff setae and longitudinal sulcus between two ridges. Natatory setae nearly absent on dorsal surface of tarsi. Metatarsi with second tarsomere as long as third and fourth combined; fourth metatarsomere about 0.65× as long as third tarsomere. + + +Abdomen. +Ventrites 1–4 smooth, without microsculpture, with transverse series of setae; last two ventrites densely pubescent. + + +Aedeagus +( +Figs. 3–5 +). Total length +0.6 mm +. Parameres nearly 1.65× as long as phallobase. Median lobe almost as long as parameres, with a series of stout spines laterally, its apex rounded, subdivided medially. + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Laccobius qinlingensis + + +sp. nov. + +is easily distinguished from other species of + +Glyptolaccobius + +by the combination of following characters: body large ( +2.7–2.9 mm +long); head without preocular spots; pronotum with pale lateral margins; mesoventrite with longitudinal keel, arrow-shaped anteriorly; parasutural stria of elytra distinct, reaching anterior third of elytral length; elytra with 10 rows of distinct primary punctures and somewhat irregular secondary rows of punctures that are of the same size as primary rows; lateral margins of elytra and elytral apex pale; pale spots near scutellum absent; elytral rows of punctures not sulciform; mentum rugose. Besides the external characters, + +Laccobius qinlingensis + + +sp. nov. + +differs from all + +Glyptolaccobius + +by the median lobe bearing lateral subapical rows of stout spines ( +Fig. 3, 5 +). These spines are unique for + +L. quinlingensis + +; no similar structure is known in any other + +Laccobius + +species except + +L. +( +Yateberosus +) +elevatus +Fauvel, 1883 + +from +New Caledonia +, although the spines are much thinner in that species (for details, see Gentili 1988). + + +The key to the species of the subgenus + +Glyptolaccobius + +published by Gentili & Fikáček (2009) should be modified as follows: + + +4. Entire elytra shining black, without yellow lateral margins. Apex of median lobe widely expanded (Gentili & Fikáček 2009: +Fig. 4 +). Body length +2.3–2.5 mm +........................................ + +L. moriyai +Kamite, Ogata & Hikida, 2007 + +– At least lateral margins and apex of elytra yellowish. Apex of median lobe widened or not. Body length less than +2.3 mm +or more than +2.7 mm +.................................................................................... 4a 4a. Body length +2.7–2.9 mm +. Posterior pronotal margin yellowish laterally, median lobe somewhat widened before apex, with a series or large spine-like projections laterally ( +Figs. 3, 5 +).................................... + + +L. qinlingensis + +sp. nov. + +– Body length smaller than +2.3 mm +. Posterior pronotal margin yellowish or entirely black, median lobe without a series of spinelike projections laterally................................................................................ 5 + + + + +Etymology. +The species name refers to the Qinlingshan Mts. in which all known localities of this species are situated. + + + + +Biology. +Part of the +type +series was collected on wet granite rocks at the bottom of the waterfall in Fengyukou ( +Fig. 6 +) or in small hygropetric “streamlets” flowing over the granite cliffs of the Huashan Mts. near Huayin village ( +Fig. 7 +) (in the latter case together with + +Aspidytes wrasei +Balke, Ribera & Beutel, 2003 + +(Adephaga: +Aspidytidae +)). Second part of the +type +series (in Fengyukou and in river valley near Huayin village) was collected on wet rocks at sides of the roads (the rocks were exposed during the construction of the road). + + + + +Distribution. +Only known from three localities in the granite massif of the Qinlingshan Mts. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/60/8A/16608A5A35DB6A1FB703EBA44A3DC9B4.xml b/data/16/60/8A/16608A5A35DB6A1FB703EBA44A3DC9B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..45135b681af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/60/8A/16608A5A35DB6A1FB703EBA44A3DC9B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +718 +782 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Protea conifera +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +, ed. 2, 1 + +: 138. 1762 + + +. + + + +"Habitat ad Cap. b. spei." RCN: 774. + + + + +Lectotype +(Williams in +Contr. Bolus Herb. +3: 326. 1972): Herb. Linn. No. 116.21 (ex Herb. Clifford) ( +LINN +; +iso- +BM +(2 sheets)) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Leucadendron coniferum +(L.) Druce + +( +Proteaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/60/F2/1660F241FFD13749FF5815D026B8F807.xml b/data/16/60/F2/1660F241FFD13749FF5815D026B8F807.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b582b6db91 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/60/F2/1660F241FFD13749FF5815D026B8F807.xml @@ -0,0 +1,662 @@ + + + +A Taxonomic study of two species of Thiotricha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), from southwestern Japan, with notes on the biology of their immature stages + + + +Author + +Kyaw, Khine Mon Mon +Entomological Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan + + + +Author + +Ueda, Tatsuya +0000-0002-4250-822X +Regional Environmental Planning Inc., 9 - 16, Sannomaru-cho, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture, 720 - 0066 Japan ueda @ chiikan. co. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4250 - 822 X +ueda@chiikan.co.jp + + + +Author + +Yagi, Sadahisa +0000-0002-6839-2229 +Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan hirowat-t @ agr. kyushu-u. c. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6839 - 2229 +hirowat-t@agr.kyushu-u.c.jp + + + +Author + +Okamoto, Tomoko +Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University + + + +Author + +Wang, Min +0000-0001-5834-4058 +Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guandong 510640, Mainland China. minwang @ scau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5834 - 4058 +minwang@scau.edu.cn + + + +Author + +Hirowatari, Toshiya +0000-0002-6839-2229 +Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan hirowat-t @ agr. kyushu-u. c. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6839 - 2229 +hirowat-t@agr.kyushu-u.c.jp + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-06-01 + + +4980 + + +2 + + +331 +354 + + + +journal article +6007 +10.11646/zootaxa.4980.2.5 +83e17fa6-60f9-48c0-925c-3863a29ac2ec +1175-5326 +4889132 +8FE34466-8401-4AD9-8DE7-C15C3DBBB5C9 + + + + + + + +Thiotricha lumnitzeriella +Kyaw, Ueda, & Hirowatari + +, +new species + + + +[Japanese name: Hirugimodoki-kibaga] + + + +Figs 1 +, +6A +, +7 +, +9 +, +11 +, +13A–C +, +14 +. + + + + + + +Thiotricha +sp.1: + +Murphy, 1990: 162 + + +. + + + + + +Polyhymno +sp.: + +Ueda, 2011: 645 + + +. + + + + + +Polyhymno +sp. 4: + +Ueda, 2013: 298 + + +. + + + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +: +JAPAN +: +Okinawa Pref. +: + +1♂ +, [Iriomotejima], Komi, Taketomi, + +8 vii 2017 + +larva, +T +. Hirowatari, +S. Yagi +, +K.M.M.Kyaw +, +Host +: + +Lumnitzera racemosa +, + + +30 vii 2017 + +em., +KM +–92, in +ELKU +. + + + + + +Paratypes +: +JAPAN +: +Kagoshima Pref. +: + +1♂ +, +Amami-oshima +, +Mt. Yui-dake +, +Setouti-tyo Town +, + +30 ix 2014 + +, +S. Sameshima +leg. ( +KGU +) + +; + + +Okinawa Pref. +: + +4♂ +, +3♀ +, same locality, collecting date, collector, and host plant as holotype, + +16 vii–2 viii 2017 + +em, gen slide no. +KM + +– + +93 ( +♂ +), 94 ( +♀ +), 120 ( +♀ +), 121 ( +♀ +), 129 ( +♂ +) ( +ELKU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +4♀ +, same locality and host plant as +holotype +, + +25 vi 2019 + +(larva), + +16–19 vii 2019 + +em., K.M.M. +Kyaw +( +ELKU +) + +; + +3♂ +, +2♀ +, Hosidate mangrove, +Taketomi-cho +, +Iriomote-jima +, + +14 viii 2001 + +em., +F. Komai +, gen slide no. +TU + +–746 ( +♂ +),748 ( +♂ +),758 ( +♀ +), Host Plant: + +Lumnitzera racemosa +(OPU) + +; + +1♂ +, +3♀ +, same locality, collector, and host plant, + +16 viii 2001 + +em., gen slide no. TUW–13 ( +♂ +),111 ( +♀ +), 119 ( +♀ +) ( +OPU +) + +; + +2♂ +, same locality and host plant, + +3 x 2001 +, +17–31 x 2001 + +em., +T + +. + +Saito +, gen slide no. +KM + +– + +11 ( +♂ +), 85 ( +♀ +), 86 ( +♂ +), 110 ( +♀ +) ( +OPU +) + +; + +4♂ +, +3♀ +, same locality, collector, and host plant, + +3 x 2001 +, +1–16 xi 2001 + +em., gen slide no. +KM + +– + +95 ( +♂ +), 98 ( +♂ +), 109 ( +♀ +), 130 ( +♂ +) ( +OPU +) + +; + +1♀ +, same locality and collector, + +21 x 2000 + +( +OPU +) + +; + +1♀ +, +Uehara +, +Taketomi-cho +, +Iriomote-jima +, + +20 x 2000 + +, +T + +. + +Saito +( +OPU +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Thiotricha lumnitzeriella + +is similar to + +T. clinopeda +Meyrick, 1918 + +, + +T. symphoracma +Meyrick, 1927 + +, and + +T. tethela +Bradley, +1961 + +in wing pattern by sharing an oblique dark fuscous streak that extends from the costa and the dark fuscous line to tornus. However, it differs from the latter two species by having the small yellowish brown and triangular-shaped area between apical spot, costal streak, a short blackish line at outer margin of tornus and a fuscous scale on termen. Additionally, the male genitalia of + +T. lumnitzeriella + +are similar to those of + +T. clinopeda + +by sharing almost all characters except in the shape of phallus, but the phallus of the latter is moderately pointed basally and rounded in + +T. lumnitzeriella + +. + + + + +Description. +Adult. Male ( +holotype +: +Fig. 1A +). Forewing length +2.7 mm +in +holotype +, +2.6–3.4 mm +(n=12) in +paratypes +. Wing expanse +6.2 mm +in +holotype +, +5.5–7.2 mm +(n=12) in +paratypes +. Head glossy white. Antenna filiform, scape elongate, white, sparsely speckled with brown scales; flagellum white before middle, and then grayish brown beyond middle, with rather long and fine cilia ventrally. First palpomere of labial palpus white, shortest; second thickened, slightly suffused with brown scales on entire surface; third as long as second, but more slender, sharply acute, with black scales medially on dorsal surface. Mesothorax shiny white; tegula shiny white, with blackish scales along anterior margin. Legs white; fore femur with grayish black on outer surface, tibia and all tarsomeres entirely grayish black; mid-tibia slightly suffused with an oblique grayish black stripe at midpoint on outer surface, all tarsomeres white on inner surface, first three tarsomeres grayish black ringed with white apically and last two segments grayish black entirely; hind femur and tibia concealed with white, stiff and stout bristles above and below, with an oblique black stripe laterally on outer surface near posterior margin, first and second tarsomeres white on inner surface and grayish black on outer surface, ringed with white apically; remaining three grayish black entirely. Forewing with R4 stalked with M1; R5 absent (or coincident with R4); CuA1 and CuA2 separated; retinaculum represented by a hook arising from Sc; a group of needle-shaped scales attached around 1A+2A on the underside; ground color white to whitish gray, apex obtuse, termen obliquely rounded, apex confluent with following lines, a very oblique wedge-shaped dark fuscous streak from costa at 3/4, a small yellowish brown and inverted triangularshaped area between apical spot and costa streak, each area intercepted by a whitish line, apex conveying a dark fuscous line to tornus and a short blackish line at outer margin of tornus towards the posterior; a black spot at apex, a fuscous scale on termen beneath apex, a small yellowish brown scale beneath it, brown cilia at inner rim of apex and black hairs at outer margin, running into a hook-shaped apically. Termen, cilia brown at anterior rim, grayish-black at posterior edge, well-fringed long and white beyond tornus. Hindwing narrower than forewing, whitish brown, with a tiny black dot apically; apex sharply produced, well-fringed white cilia, around apex with a short black post median line. + + +Female ( +Fig. 1B +). Forewing length +2.8–3.3 mm +(n=11). Wing expanse 6.0– +7.5 mm +(n=11). Similar to male, but retinaculum represented by a hook arising from Sc, with a series of curved liner scales along Radius and two rows of apical curved liner scales along Sc and Radius. + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 1H, I +). Terga and sterna 1–7 unmodified as in +Fig. 1H +. Tergum-8 concave, emarginate anteriorly and a few tubercles arising on surface; sternum 8 expanded basally, narrowly elongate, and tapered towards apex becoming funnel-shaped, then bifurcate at posterior end as in +Figs 1H, I +. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 1C, D +). Uncus significantly elongates and nearly more than half length of tegumen, domeshaped, dense with numerous long and delicate setae from apex beyond middle on the ventral surface. Tegumen also elongates, as long as 1.5 times of uncus. Gnathos long, extremely curved from base, C-shaped, slightly acute at tip. Anellus lobe with a pair of small membranous thumb-like lobes with delicate and rather long setae, distinct and some short setae also appearing on surface apically. Costal process of valva quite broadened basally, uniformly extends from base, then dilates again with a slightly rounded apical margin, sparsely suffused with long hairs along lateral and upper surface, but compactly at approximately 1/3 of apex, short and robust spines also on lateral inner surface of apex. Vinculum narrow; median process of vinculum producing somewhat long and pear-shaped lobe; thin with short and delicate setae on median process. Saccus a short and stout processes. Phallus partially sclerotized and rounded on basal portion, widened equally from base towards distal portion, a tulip-shaped at tip, with a heavily sclerotized margin at distal half. + + +Female genitalia +( +Fig. 1 E–G +). Papillae anales bilobed and subrectangular-shaped, with long and short setae on entire surface. Apophyses anteriores almost equal in length to apophyses posteriores. Lamella antevaginalis sclerotized and rounded basally. Ostium near posterior margin of 8 +th +sternite. Ductus bursae short, with a widened surface area, approximately half length of corpus bursae. Ductus seminalis arising from posterior end of ductus bursae ( +Fig. 1F +). Corpus bursae, particularly large and ovate; signum situated at middle posteriorly, depressed, and pentagonal shaped with many minute denticles. + + + + +Distribution. +Japan +, Ryukyus (Amami-oshima Island, Iriomote-jima Island); +Singapore +. + + + + +Host plant. + +Lumnitzera racemosa +Willd. (Combretaceae) + + + + + +Etymology. +The species name is derived from the host plant “ + +Lumnitzera + +” and that the suffix of the species epithet is derived from the Latin, “ +ella +” meaning small, referring to the small size. + + + + +Biology +( +Fig. 7 +). The larvae of this species also make a portable case using the flower bud of its host plant. It penetrates the flower bud ( +Fig. 7E +) and then lives and feeds inside it. After consuming the flower bud, the larvae move while carrying its case and then attaches to the underside of a leaf ( +Fig. 7B +). While the larva is attached to the leaf surface, it consumes the leaf tissues for growth and development until pupation. Consequently, the leaf surface becomes transparent, and small white patches appear on the host plant leaf ( +Fig. 7D +). When the larva is ready to pupate, it encloses the tip of the case with its silk ( +Fig. 7H +) and then finally develops into the adult stage and leaves the pupal exuviae inside the case ( +Fig. 7K +). + + +Larva +( +Fig. 7G, I +). Length 3.5–4.0 mm (n=8). Head subglobular. Body pale yellow in early instars and yellowish-brown in later instars. Prothoracic shield yellowish-brown, with dark brown on caudal margin. Thoracic leg short, pale yellowish. Pinaculum more or less rounded, dark brown on T1–T3 and A1, A2, A8, and A9; paler on remaining abdominal segments. Anal shield heavily sclerotized, yellowish-brown ( +Fig. 9C +). Anal fork deeply emarginated mesially, forming two lateral lobes ( +Fig. 9D +). Anal prolegs with many minute spines on dorsal surface. Crochets in a circle, uniordinal, +12–15 in +number on planta, 10–13 on anal planta. + + +Chaetotaxy +( +Fig. 9 +) Head ( +Fig. 9A, B +): epicranial suture shorter than frontoclypeus, AF1 about equal in length with AF2; C2 slightly longer than C1; P1 dorsolateral to AF1 about 5X longer than P2; P2 dorsolateral to AF2 and above P1; MD1-MD3 setae forming nearly in a line at the posterior margin of head capsule; mouthparts semihypognathous; genal area with six stemmata, forming a subsemicircular pattern; A1 dorsoanterior to stemma-3, slightly shorter than A3; A2 dorsolateral to A1, and shorter than A1 and A3; L1 dorsoposterior to stemma-1; distance between L1 from A3 slightly longer than distance between A3 from A2; S1 below stemma-3, short as A2; S2 longer than S1 and S3, near the opening of the stemmatal semicircle; S3 about 1/2 shorter than S1, and ventroposterior to stemma-6; SS1 near mandibular condyle, same length as SS2; SS2 between SS1 and SS3; SS3 about 3X longer than SS1 and SS2; MGa present, close to MG1. + + +Thorax: Prothorax ( +Fig. 9E +). Shield with SD1 ventrolateral to XD1 and XD2, along anterior margin; XD2 less than twice the distance from XD1 than from SD1; XD1 about 2X longer than XD2; SD2 and D1 about equal in lengths, both setae less than about 2½–3X length of SD1 and D2; SD2 about 1½ the distance from XD2 than from SD1; L-group trisetose, on same pinaculum, anteroventral to spiracle; L1 longest; L2 and L3 short, about equal in lengths; SV-group bisetose, on same pinaculum; SV1 about 2–2½X longer than SV2; MV1 absent; MV2 approximate to anterolateral coxal margin; V1 approximate to mesoposterior coxal margin. + + +Meso and metathorax ( +Fig. 9E +). with D1, D2, SD1, and SD2 on same pinaculum; D2 about 3½–4X length of D1; SD1 about 3½–4X length of SD2; MD1 anteroventral to D2; MSD +1 in +line with MSD2, anterior to and slightly above SD2; MSD2 slightly anterior to SD1; L1 about 2½–3X length of L2, both on a same pinaculum, slightly anterior to D-SD group pinaculum; L3 slightly longer than L2, in vertical line with SV1; MV1, MV2 and MV3 anterior to coxa; with MV2 approximate to anterolateral coxal margin, and MV3 slightly above V1. + + +Abdomen ( +Fig. 9E +). A1 with D2 about 3½–4X longer than D1 on A1; D1 and D2 about equal in lengths on A2 (not shown); D1 dorsoanterior to D2; MD1 slightly ventral to D1 and D2; SD1 about equal in length with D2 on A1 and with D1 on A2; SD2 minute, anteroventral to SD1 and on different pinaculum; SD1 above spiracle; SD2 anteroventral to SD1; L-group trisetose; L1 and L2 on same pinaculum, in vertical line with SD group and below spiracle; L1 about 3½–4X longer than L2 and L3 on A1 and about 2½–3X longer than L2 and L3 on A2 (not shown); L3 slightly longer than L2; SV-group bisetose on A1, SV1 about 2½–3X longer than SV2 and on same pinaculum on A1; SV-group trisetose and on same pinaculum on A2 (not shown); MV3 dorsoanterior to V1; A3–A6 as above A2, except each segment bearing a pair of protuberant prolegs; planta bearing uniordinal, uniserial crochets, in a circle (not shown); SV-group setae near base of proleg; SV1 and SV3 on same pinaculum, SV2 on separate pinaculum; A7 as above except with SV-group bisetose on same pinaculum, and MV3 dorsoanterior to V-group pinaculum, and V1 ventral to SV pinaculum; A8 as above except with SD1 about equal in length with D2; D +2 in +vertical line with SD1, minute SD2 on same pinaculum as SD1, SD-group pinaculum slightly anterior to spiracle, spiracle slightly dorsal to all spiracles on A1–A7; L1 about 2½–3X length of L2; L1 and L +2 in +vertical line with D2 and SD1; L3 anteroventral to L1 and L2; SV-group unisetose; A9 as above except with D1 ventral to D2 and on same pinaculum; MD1 anteroventral to D2; SD1 hair-like, slightly longer than D2; L-group trisetose on same pinaculum, L1 longest; L2 and L3 about equal in lengths; SV1 and V1 on same pinaculum. + + +Pupa +( +Figs. 11 +, +13A–C +, +14 +). Length +3.2–4.4 mm +(n=13). Yellowish brown, cylindrical. Head slightly flattened, with many granular projections, and a pair of knob-like processes each bearing with hairs. Vertex with many minute granular projections. Prothorax with a pair of sub-triangular projections on dorsolateral corners of tergite. Antennae and forewings reaching to A5. Maxilla (galea) basally broad, gradually narrowing and extending to near posterior end of A4. Prothoracic legs extending to near posterior margin of A2; mesothoracic legs extending to middle of A4; metathoracic legs extending to near posterior margin of A5 or anterior margin of A6. Proleg scars indistinct. A7 with a transverse row of tergal spinules on anterior margin directed posteriorly and with a transverse row of minute spinules on caudal margin. Sternite A7 with a pair of oval pads equipped with a row of spines directed anteriorly. A10 with a pair of triangular tergal projections on posterolateral, apically with three pairs of hooked setae on ventral surfaces of A9 and A10, no true cremaster present. + + + + +Remarks. +Immature stages of this species were already reported and tentatively assigned to + +Polyhymno +sp. + +and + +Polyhymno +sp. 4 + +, respectively ( +Ueda 2011 +, +2013 +). However, after this publication, + +Thiotricha + +was separated from + +Polyhymno +( + +Karsholt +et al +. 2013 + +) + +. Thus, based on the larval mode of feeding, with 4 Radial veins (R5 absent, or coincident with R4), and the similarity of the male genitalia, we treat this species as + +Thiotricha + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/60/F2/1660F241FFD43746FF5817F52659F97D.xml b/data/16/60/F2/1660F241FFD43746FF5817F52659F97D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24d0827a764 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/60/F2/1660F241FFD43746FF5817F52659F97D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1290 @@ + + + +A Taxonomic study of two species of Thiotricha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), from southwestern Japan, with notes on the biology of their immature stages + + + +Author + +Kyaw, Khine Mon Mon +Entomological Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan + + + +Author + +Ueda, Tatsuya +0000-0002-4250-822X +Regional Environmental Planning Inc., 9 - 16, Sannomaru-cho, Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture, 720 - 0066 Japan ueda @ chiikan. co. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4250 - 822 X +ueda@chiikan.co.jp + + + +Author + +Yagi, Sadahisa +0000-0002-6839-2229 +Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan hirowat-t @ agr. kyushu-u. c. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6839 - 2229 +hirowat-t@agr.kyushu-u.c.jp + + + +Author + +Okamoto, Tomoko +Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University + + + +Author + +Wang, Min +0000-0001-5834-4058 +Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guandong 510640, Mainland China. minwang @ scau. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5834 - 4058 +minwang@scau.edu.cn + + + +Author + +Hirowatari, Toshiya +0000-0002-6839-2229 +Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819 - 0395 Japan hirowat-t @ agr. kyushu-u. c. jp; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6839 - 2229 +hirowat-t@agr.kyushu-u.c.jp + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2021 + +2021-06-01 + + +4980 + + +2 + + +331 +354 + + + +journal article +6007 +10.11646/zootaxa.4980.2.5 +83e17fa6-60f9-48c0-925c-3863a29ac2ec +1175-5326 +4889132 +8FE34466-8401-4AD9-8DE7-C15C3DBBB5C9 + + + + + + + +Thiotricha gemmulans +Meyrick, 1931 + + + + + + +[Japanese name: Kankonoki-kibaga] + + + +Figs 2 +, +3 +, +4 +, +5 +, +6B +, +8 +, +10 +, +12 +, +13D–F +, +15 +. + + + + + + + +Thiotricha gemmulans +Meyrick, 1931: 63 + + +. TL: +Bombay +, +India +. TD: NHMUK. + + + + + + +Thiotricha acrophantis +Meyrick, 1936: 45 + + +. TL: Formosa, +Taiwan +. TD: NHMUK. +Syn. Nov. + + + + + + +Material examined. + +JAPAN +: Ryukyus. +Kagoshima Pref. + +: + + +2♀ +, +Akusekijima Is. +, +Toshima Town +, + +14 vii 2012 + +, +Takeshi Terada +leg ( +KGU +) + +; + +1♂ +, 2#, same locality and collector, + +19 vii 2012 + +( +KGU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +2♀ +, same locality and collector, + +20 vii 2012 + +( +KGU +) + +; + +2♂ +, +Takao +, +Nakano-shima Is. +, +Tokara Islands., N +: 29°50’25.68, E: 129°52’38.29, + +227 m + +, + +15 ix 2018 + +, +K. Sakagami +leg. ( +Light +) ( +ELKU +) + +; + +1♀ +, +Nanatsuyama +, +Nakano-shima Is. +, +Tokara Islands +, + +227m + +, N: 29°50’23.89, E: 129°53’26.72, + +134 m + +, + +13.ix.2018 + +, +K. Sakagami +leg. ( +Light +) ( +ELKU +) + +; + +2♂ +, +3♀ +, +Amami-oshima +, + +19–20 vi 2015 + +(larva), + +3–27 vii 2015 + +em., +T + +. +Okamoto +leg., gen slide no. +KM +–8 ( +♂ +), 45 ( +♂ +), 112 ( +♀ +), Host Plant: + +Glochidion zeylanicum +(ELKU) + +; + +1♀ +, +Sumiyo-cho +, +Amami-oshima Is. +, + +10 vii 2016 + +, +S. Sameshima +& +T + +. +Terada +leg., gen slide no. +KM +–123 ( +KGU +); + +1♂ +, +2♀ +, +Tokunoshima +, +San Tokuno-shima +, + +9 vii 2016 + +LT + + + +230m + +, +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM + +– + +113 ( +♀ +) ( +ELKU +) + +; + +2♀ +, same locality and collector, + +12 vii 2016 + +LT + + + +320m + +, gen slide no. +KM + +–127, 136 ( +ELKU +); + +1♀ +, +Tokunoshima +, +Todoroki +, + +11 vii 2016 + +LT + + + +140m + +, +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM + +– + +16 ( +ELKU +); + +Okinawa Pref. + + +: + +1♀ +, +Aha +, +Kunigami-vill +, 26’’ 43’’ 30’’N 128’’ 16’’00’’E, + +6 vi 2015 + +( +Light Trap +), +T + +. + +Terada +leg., +EOMM 08866 +( +OMM +) + +; + +2♂ +, +Mt. Terukubi + +330m + +, +Benoki Kunigami-son +, + +4–5 viii 2015 + +LT + +, +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM +–10,138 ( +ELKU +); + +3♀ +, same locality and collector, + +4 viii 2015 + +, gen slide no. +KM + +–114, 124 ( +ELKU +); + +1♀ +, +Mt. Yonaha +, +Okuma Kunigami +, + +8 viii 2016 + +LT + + + +250m + +, N:26.7274, E:128:2098, +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM + +–54 ( +ELKU +); + +6♂ +, +2♀ +, +Okuni-rindo +, +Hentona +, +Okinawa-jima +, + +8 viii 2017 + +(larva), + +13–27 viii 2017 + +em., +T + +. + +Hirowatari, S +. +Yagi +& +K.M.M. Kyaw +leg., gen slide no. +KM + +–90 ( +♂ +), 91 ( +♂ +), 103 ( +♂ +), Host Plant: + +Glochidion zeylanicum +(ELKU) + +; + +1♂ +, +1♀ +, same locality, collector and host plant, + +9 viii 2017 + +(larva), + +25–28 viii 2017 + +em., gen slide no. +KM + +– + +139 ( +♀ +) ( +ELKU +) + +; + +1♂ +, +Mt. Tamatsuji +, + +9 viii 2017 + +larva, + +30 viii 2017 + +em., +T + +. + +Hirowatari +, +S. Yagi. K. M. M. Kyaw +leg., +Host Plant +: + +G. zeylanicum +(ELKU) + + +; + +7♂ +, +4♀ +, +Shinrin-Koen +, +Kunigami-son +, + +7 viii 2016 + +(larva), + +14–25 viii 2016 + +em., +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM + +–9 ( +♂ +), 53( +♂ +), 107( +♂ +), 122( +♀ +), SY–209 ( +♂ +), 216 ( +♀ +), Host Plant: + +G. zeylanicum +(ELKU) + +; + +1♀ +, +Mt. Otoha + +250m + +, +Jana Nakijin-son +, + +5 viii 2015 + +(larva), + +8 viii 2015 + +em., +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM + +– + +61, +Host Plant +: + +G. zeylanicaum +(ELKU) + + +; + +1♀ +, +Mt. Katsuu-dake +, +Nago City +, 26° 27’ 51” N 127’’ 56’’ 20’’ E, + +1 x 2015 + +( +Light Trap +), +T + +. + +Terada +leg., +EOMM08865 + +, + +gen slide no. +EOMM08865 +( +OMM +) + +; + +2♂ +, +Ishikawa-rindo +, +Onna-vill +, 26’’ 25’ 23’’ N 127’’47’17’’E, + +18 v 2015 +, +18 viii 2015 + +( +Light Trap +), +T + +. + +Terada +leg, +EOMM08863 +, +08864 +( +OMM +) + +; + +1♀ +, +Nagura +, +Ishigaki-jima +, + +1 v 1978 + +, +S. Moriuti +leg. ( +OPU +) + +; + +2♀ +, +Mt. Yarabu +, +Sakieda +, + +5 vii 2017 + +LT + +, +S. Yagi +leg. ( +ELKU +); + +1♀ +, +Mt. Tedou +, +Uehara +, +N24.381 +, +E123.819 +, + +100–150 m + +, + +8 vii 2017 + +LT + +, +S. Yagi +leg. ( +ELKU +); + +2♂ +, +1♀ +, +Mt. Tedou +, Uehara, + +8 vii 2017 + +LT + +, + +Khine Mon +, +T + +. +Hirowatari +& +S. Yagi +leg. ( +ELKU +); + +1♂ +, +Shirahama +, +Iriomote-jima +, + +13 vii 2001 + +(at light), +T + +. +Yamauchi +leg. ( +OPU +); + +1♂ +, same locality, + +8 v 2012 + +LT +, +T +. +Hirowatari, S +. +Kobayashi, K +. +Nakatsuka +, +T +. +Yoshida +leg. ( +OPU +); + + +1♂ +, +1♀ +, +Urabudake +, +Yonaguni-jima +, 29, + +31 vii 1994 + +, +T + +. + +Yamauchi +( +OPU +) + +; + + +TAIWAN +: + +3♂ +, +1♀ +, +Neiwen +, +Shizi +, +Pingtung +, +Taiwan +, + +12 v 2017 + +LT + +, +S. Yagi +leg., gen slide no. +KM +– + +84 ( +♂ +), 80 ( +♀ +) ( +SCAU +) + +; + + +CHINA +: + +1♂ +[ +Guangdong Prov. +] +Shimentai Nature Reserve +, +Yingde +, + +19 ix 2018 + +LT + +, + +M. Wang +, G-H +Huang +& +S. Yagi +( +SCAU +) + +; + + +THAILAND + +: +1♀ +, +Chanthabury +, +Khao Soi Dao +(ca. + +400 m + +), + +7–8 x 1985 + +, +Kuroko +, +Moriuti +, +Saito +& +Arita +( +OPU +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Thiotricha gemmulans +Meyrick, 1931 + +is similar to + +T. albicephalata +(Walia 2005) + +, + +T. margarodes +Meyrick, 1904 + +, and + +T. pteropis +Meyrick, 1908 + +. The wing markings of + +T. gemmulans + +is similar to them by sharing the wedge-shaped dark gray spot edged with fuscous line and orange scales beneath apical spot but it can be distinguished from them by the oblique blackish line from 3/4 costa, the small inverted triangular brownish gray mark before apex, with three brownish gay lines on cilia. In addition, the male genitalia of + +T. gemmulans + +are similar to + +T. albicephalata + +by sharing the U-like uncus, sickled shaped gnathos, oval shaped anellus lobe, the shape of phallus is basally broad and narrowed distally in both but slightly sinuate at about half length in + +T. gemmulans +. + +In the female genitalia, the shape of signum of + +T. gemmulans + +is flattened with spine like median process and that of + +T. albicephalata + +is rod-like. + + + + +Redescription. +Adult. Male ( +Fig. 4A +). Forewing length +2.5–2.9 mm +(n=11). Wing expanse +5.3–6.1 mm +(n=11). Head smooth, pale yellow. Scape rather elongate without pecten and pale ocher, sparsely speckled with brownish scales on dorsal surface; flagellum filiform; each flagellomere grayish-white on dorsal surface beyond middle, brownish gray on dorsal and ventral surface apically, with long cilia on ventral surface. Labial palpus ( +Fig. 5A +) pale ocher, suffused with dark-brown scale medially on outer surface; first palpomere as long as second; second thickened, a bundle of long hair pencil arising from base, appressed on dorsal surface, extending to sub-apex of the third segment; third as long as 1.5X of second, recurved and moderately acute at apex. Haustellum pale yellow. Mesothorax pale ocher; tegula pale ocher intermixed with black scales along anterior margin. Legs pale ocher; forefemur, tibia, and tarsus pale ocher on inner surface and suffused; outer surface dark gray; midleg pale ocher on inner surface, mid-tibia suffused; outer surface dark gray; all tarsomeres 1–4 on outer surface, ringed with white apically; tarsomere 5 entirely grayish-black; hind femur and tibia pale ocher on inner surface, suffused with grayish black on outer surface, covered with a row of shortened, stiff, pale ocher bristles dorsally and ventrally; all tarsomeres except last with dark gray ringed with white apically, last tarsomere dark gray. Forewing narrow; R4 stalked with M1; R5 absent (or coincident with R4); CuA1 and CuA2 separated, retinaculum represented by a hook arising from Sc and a series of curved liner scales along R; forewing ground color pale yellow, costa shallowly concave, apex attennuate, termen extremely oblique; a wedge-shaped dark gray spot partially edged with fuscous line, broadest anteriorly, and extending along the lower half of termen to sub-apex, connecting with an oblique blackish line at 3/4, extending to near sub-apex; small inverted triangular brownish gray mark before apex; a round blackish apical spot at apex; cilia brownish white, orange colored cilia beneath apical spot, rounded apex with three short brownish gray lined cilia, whitish brown cilia throughout the base. Hindwing, pale gray, with a small apical spot; fringe long at base, shortening apically. + + +Female ( +Fig. 4B +). Forewing length +2.6–3.3 mm +(n=15). Wing expanse +5.5–6.7 mm +(n=15). Similar to males, but some differences in the following characters. In forewing, retinaculum represented by a hook arising from Sc and two rows of apical curved liner scales along Sc and Radius. Labial palpus whitish gray to whitish brown ( +Fig. 5B +). First palpomere short, pale yellow, with brown scales medially on the dorsal surface; second pale yellow, as long as 2 times the first, suffused with brown scales dorsally; third nearly the same length as the second, brownish gray entirely, upturned and slightly acute apically. Forewings with two rows of apical curved liner scales along Sc and R in females. + + +Abdomen +( +Fig. 4I, J +). Terga and sterna 1–7 unmodified as in +Fig. 4I +. Tergum-8 concave with sclerotized margin; sternum-8 slightly broadened at the base and then tapered apically, delineated with rounded surface and bifid posteriorly as in +Fig. 4I, J +. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig. 4C, D +). Uncus broad, elongate, narrowly-rounded, setose lobes, with a few short and stout spines at lateral corner on both sides. Tegumen approximately 2/3, nearly 2.5X length of uncus. Gnathos long, sickle-shaped, apically pointed. Anellus lobe oval-shaped basally, and rather long and fine setae arising on its surface, bearing a slightly long and moderately sclerotized spine apically, recurved inwardly. Valva uniformly elongate, finely setose, and parallel-sided from base to apex, apex narrowly-rounded. Vinculum slightly narrowed, median process with long and short setae on medially. Saccus triangular. Phallus with a broadened basal half, narrowed distally, slightly sinuate at about half length. + + +Female genitalia +( +Fig. 4E–H +). Papillae anales lobate, forming a triangular-shaped, ventral surface interspersed with long and short setae. Apophyses anteriores and apophyses posteriores almost equal in length. Lamella antevaginalis narrow, and U-shaped. Ostium near the anterior margin of the 8 +th +sternite. Ductus bursae slightly narrowed on posterior 1/3, gradually broadened anteriorly. Ductus seminalis arising from posterior end of ductus bursae ( +Fig. 4F +). Corpus bursae ovoid, as long as ductus bursae; signum on posterior end, flattened, with spine-like median process. + + + + +Distribution. +Japan +(Ryukyus), +China +( +Guangdong +), +Taiwan +(Pintaung, +Tainan +), +Thailand +( +Chanthaburi +), +India +( +Bombay +). + + + + +Biology +( +Fig. 8 +) Larvae construct a portable case from the flower buds of its host plant. At first, the larva penetrates one flower bud and then makes a small hole to enter inside ( +Fig. 8D +); lives and feeds within it ( +Fig. 8E +). After consuming the inside of the flower bud, it moves to another flower bud and penetrates again with hollowed bud as its case. Larvae repeat this process until the last instar. Pupation occurs within stacked cases of three or four flower buds. The number of stacked flower buds appears to depend on the size of the flower buds. Larvae use to attach the case to the top of the flower bud to complete its development ( +Fig. 8G +). When larvae are ready to pupate, they usually attach their case to the underside of a leaf ( +Fig. 8H +) or sometimes to a flower bud. + + +Host Plant. + +Glochidion zeylanicum +var. +zeylanicum +(Gaertn.) A. Juss + +, + +G. zeylanicum +var. +lanceolantum +(Hayata) M.J.Deng & J.C.Wang (Phyllanthaceae) + + + + + +FIGURE 4. +Adults of + +Thiotricha gemmulans +Meyrick, 1936 + +. +A, +Male; +B, +Female; +C, +Male genitalia except phallus, gen slide no. KM–107; +D, +Phallus; +E, +Female genitalia, gen slide no. KM–127; +F, +Close up of ductus seminalis, gen slide no. KM–445; +G, H +Close up of signum, gen slide no. KM–127, 136; +I, +Abdominal pelt, gen slide no. KM–107; +J, +Close up of sternum 8, gen slide no. KM–107. Scale bars: 4.0 mm (A, B), 0.40 mm (C, D, E, I, J), 0.20 mm (F), 0.10 mm (G, H). + + + + +Larva +( +Fig. 8I +). Length +2.5–3.5 mm +(n=6). Head subglobular. Body pale yellow in early instars and yellowishbrown in later instars. Prothoracic shield yellowish-brown, with dark brown on caudal margin. Thoracic leg short, pale yellowish. Pinaculum more or less rounded, dark brown on T1–T3 and A1, A2, A8, and A9; paler on remaining abdominal segments. Anal shield heavily sclerotized, yellowish-brown ( +Fig. 10C +). Anal fork deeply emarginated mesially, forming two lateral lobes ( +Fig. 10D +). Anal prolegs with many minute spines on dorsal surface. Crochets in a circle, uniordinal, +11–16 in +number on planta, 9–10 on anal planta. + + +Chaetotaxy +( +Fig. 10 +) Head ( +Fig. 10A, B +): epicranial suture shorter than frontoclypeus, AF1 about equal in length with AF2; C2 slightly longer than C1; P1 dorsolateral to AF1 about 5X longer than P2; P2 dorsolateral to AF2 and P1; MD1-MD3 setae forming nearly in a line at the posterior margin of head capsule; mouthparts semihyponathous; genal area with six stemmata, forming a semicirclar pattern; A1 dorsoanterior to stemma-3, slightly shorter than A3; A2 lateral to A1, and shorter than A1 and A3; L1 dorsoposterior to stemma-1; distance between L1 and A3 slightly longer than distance between A3 and A2; S1 below stemma-3, short as A2; S2 longer than S1 and S3, near the opening of the stemmatal semicircle; S3 about 1/2 shorter than S1, and ventroposterior to stemma-6; SS1 near mandibular condyle, same length as SS2; SS2 between SS1 and SS3; SS3 about 3X longer than SS1 and SS2; MGa present, close to MG1. + + +Thorax: Prothorax ( +Fig. 10E +). Shield with SD1 ventrolateral to XD1 and XD2, along anterior margin; XD2 less than twice the distance from XD1 than from SD1; XD1 and XD2 about equal in lengths; SD2 and D1 about equal in lengths, both setae less than about 2½–3X length of SD1 and D2; SD2 slightly farther from XD2 than to SD1; L-group trisetose on same pinaculum, anteroventral to spiracle; L1 longest; L2 and L3 short, about equal in lengths; SV-group bisetose, on same pinaculum, SV1 about 2–2½X longer than SV2; MV1 absent; MV2 approximate to anterolateral coxal margin; V1 approximate to mesoposterior coxal margin. + + +Meso and metathorax ( +Fig. 10E +). with D1, D2, SD1 and SD2 on same pinaculum; on separate pinacula on T3 (not shown); D2 about 3½–4X length of D1; SD1 about 3½–4X length of SD2; MD1 anterolateral to D2; MSD +1 in +line with MSD2 and anterior to SD2, MSD2 anterior to SD1; L1 about 2½–3X length of L2, both on a same pinaculum, slightly anterior to D-SD group pinaculum; L3 slightly longer than L2, in vertical line with SV1; MV1, MV2 and MV3 anterior to coxa; with MV2 approximate to anterolateral coxal margin, and MV3 slightly above V1. + + +Abdomen: ( +Fig. 10E +). A1–A2 with D2 about 3½–4X longer than D1; D1 dorsoanterior to D2; MD1 slightly ventral to D1 and D2; SD1 about equal in length with D1; SD2 minute, anteroventral to SD1 and on different pinaculum; SD1 above spiracle; SD2 anteroventral to SD1; L-group trisetose; L1 and L2 on same pinaculum, in vertical line with SD-group and below spiracle; L1 about 2–3X longer than L2 and L3; L3 slightly longer than L2; SV-group bisetose on A1, SV1 about 2½–3X longer than SV2 and on different pinaculum on A1; SV-group trisetose on A2, with SV1 and SV3 on same pinaculum, SV2 on separate pinaculum (not shown); MV3 dorsoanterior to V1; A3–A6 as above A2, except each segment bearing a pair of protuberant prolegs; planta bearing uniordinal, uniserial crochets, in a circle (not shown); A7 as above except with SV-group bisetose on same pinaculum, and MV3 dorsoanterior to V-group pinaculum, and V1 ventral to SV pinaculum; A8 as above except with SD1 about equal in length with D2; D +2 in +vertical line with SD1, minute SD2 on same pinaculum as SD1, SD-group pinaculum slightly anterior to spiracle, spiracle slightly dorsal to all spiracles on A1–A7; L1 about 3½–4X length of L2; L1 and L +2 in +vertical line with D2 and SD1; L3 anteroventral to L1 and L2; SV-group unisetose; A9 as above except with D1 ventral to D2 and on same pinaculum; MD +1 in +horizontal line between D1 and D2; SD1 absent; L-group bisetose on same pinaculum, L1 about 3½–4X length of L2; SV1 and V1 on separate pinacula. + + + +FIGURE 5. +Labial palps of + +Thiotricha gemmulans +Meyrick, 1936 + +. +A, +Male; +B, +Female. Scale bar: 0.40 mm. + + + + +FIGURE 6. +Wing venation. +A, + +Thiotricha lumnitzeriella + + +sp.nov. + +(Paratype, male); +B, + +T. gemmulans +Meyrick, 1931 +(Male) + +. Scale bars: 0.40 mm. + + + +Pupa +( +Figs. 12 +, +13D–F +, +15 +). Length +2.3–3.5 mm +(n=8). Yellowish-brown, cylindrical. Head rounded, with many minute granular projections. Vertex with many minute spines. Prothorax with a pair of small triangular projections on dorsolateral corners of tergite. Antennae extending beyond posterior end of A5. Forewings extending to near posterior margin of A5. Maxilla (galea) basally broad, gradually narrowing and extending to near posterior end of A4. Prothoracic legs extending to slightly beyond anterior margin of A3; mesothoracic legs extending to middle of A4; metathoracic legs extending to slightly beyond anterior margin of A6. Proleg scars indistinct.A7 with a transverse row of tergal spinules on anterior margin directed posteriorly and with a transverse row of minute spinules on caudal margin. Sternite A7 with a pair of oval pads equipped with a row of spines directed anteriorly. A10 with a pair of triangular projections on posterolateral, apically with three pairs of hooked setae on ventral surfaces of A9 and A10, no true cremaster present. + + + + +Remarks. +This species was originally described by +Meyrick (1931) +from +India +, and here it is newly recorded from +Japan +, +China +, and +Thailand +. The wing markings and male genitalia are congruent with those of + +T. gemmulans +Meyrick, 1931 + +, as shown by +Clarke (1969) +. Moreover, its wing markings are also similar to those of + +T. acrophantis +Meyrick, 1936 + +, which was originally described from +Taiwan +. However, examination of the genitalia of + +T. acrophantis + +was not available because it was described based on a single female specimen without an abdomen. Until now, there has been no study after that of Clarke, and the species has been regarded as separate following Meyrick. In the present study, we examined specimens collected in +Taiwan +, whose wing markings are identical to those of + +T. acrophantis + +shown by Clarke, and confirmed that their male genitalia are identical with those of + +T. gemmulans + +. Therefore, we conclude that + +T. acrophantis + +is a junior synonym of + +T. gemmulans + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/61/2A/16612AAEA710275CA1955E0E1266269A.xml b/data/16/61/2A/16612AAEA710275CA1955E0E1266269A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0aca0c482fe --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/61/2A/16612AAEA710275CA1955E0E1266269A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,263 @@ + + + +Taxonomic Revision of the Ant-Acacias (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacia, Series Gummiferae) of the New World + + + +Author + +David S. Seigler + + + +Author + +John E. Ebinger + +text + + +Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden + + +1995 + +82 + + +117 +138 + + + + +http://www.jstor.org/stable/2399983 + +journal article +antacacia2399983 +http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2399983 + + + + + +9. + +Acacia janzenii Ebinger & Seigler +, +Southw. Naturalist. 32: 245. 1987 + +. type: +Mexico +. +Tabasco +: + +9.8 mi +. W of +Lazaro +Cardenas +on hwy. 180 + +, + +17 June 1966 + +, +D. H. Janzen +515 +( +holotype +, +MO + +; + +isotypes +, +BM +, + + +CAS +, + + +F +, + + +GH +, + + +MICH +, + + +MO +, + + +UC +, + + +US +) + +. + + + + +Tree to +12 m +tall, young twigs dark reddish brown, lightly puberulent. Stipular spines dark brown to black, smooth, terete, densely pubescent with straight, yellowish hairs to +0.5 mm +long, asymmetrical, U-shaped with an angle of 30-70°, usually curved around the stem, 30-60 (rarely 80) mm long, +6-9 mm +thick near the base. Leaves +150-370 mm +long; pinnae 30-60 pairs per leaf, +6-9 mm +between pinna pairs; rachis grooved, densely pubescent with yellowish hairs, a columnar to narrowly volcano-shaped gland located at the node of each pinna pair, its apex +0.5-0.7 mm +across; petiole densely pubescent, +5-8 mm +long. Petiolar glands absent. Leaflets 40-70 pairs per pinna, glabrous, linear, +3-5.5 mm +long, +0.6-0.9 mm +wide, lateral veins not obvious, only one vein from the base, apex acute, margins ciliate. Inflorescence a densely flowered globose head +4-6 mm +across, in clusters of +16-42 in +the axil of slightly reduced leaves on normal branches, also located on fertile branchlets to +250 mm +long with 16-42 inflorescences in each of 6-12 fascicles that may not be subtended by leaves; peduncles glabrous to lightly puberulent, +7-16 mm +long, +0.3-0.7 mm +thick, the same thickness throughout; involucre located near the middle of the peduncle, usually 4-lobed. Floral bracts peltate, apex circular, stalk +0.4-0.7 mm +long. Flowers sessile, calyx 5-lobed, glabrous, +0.6-1.1 mm +long; corolla 5-lobed, glabrous, +1.2-2.1 mm +long, about twice as long as the calyx. Legumes not seen, but probably very similar to those of +Acacia cookii +. Flowering May-July. + + + + +Distribution. Disturbed habitats, roadsides, pastures, and moist disturbed forests, to +400 m +elevation, in Chiapas, Tabasco, and Veracruz, Mexico. + + + + + +Representative specimens. +MEXICO +. +Chiapas +: stream bank, lower montane rainforest ridge above +Ixtacomitan +, + +300 m + +, +Breedlove +35053 +( +MEX +, + + +MICH +, + + +MO +) + +. + +Tabasco +: + +9.8 mi +. W of Cardenas on hwy. 180 + +, +Janzen +515 +( +MEX +) + +. + +Veracruz +: +Las Cruces +, + +250 m + +, + +Nevling & +Gomez-Pompa + +1555 +( +F +) + +. + + + + +Acacia janzenii +is easily distinguished from all other ant-acacias by its asymmetrical stipular spines, which usually curve around the stem and are covered with straight, yellowish hairs to +0.5 mm +long. The only other species that commonly has asymmetrical thorns is +A. cookii +. These two closely related species differ in the petiolar and rachis glands, the type of pubescence on the spines, the leaflet length and width, and the flowering branchlets (see discussion under +A. cookii +). + + +Janzen (1974) +considered this taxon a part of +Acacia cookii +. However, he noted that specimens from Tabasco and Chiapas, Mexico (herein referred to +A. janzenii +) differ from typical +A. cookii +. In particular, he noted that progressing from north (Mexico) to south (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras), +there +is a change in spine length, a shortening of the fertile branchlets, an increase in the number of inflorescences per axil, an increase in the number of Beltian bodies per leaf, and a higher percentage of plants occupied by ants. Although he suggested that the extremes are clinally connected, our principal component analysis ( +PCA +) suggests that these two species are specifically distinct. No intermediate plants were found, and the characters used for separation (petiolar and rachis glands, spine size, pubescence, leaflet size, fertile branchlets) are as significant as those characters used to distinguish other taxa of ant-acacias. + + +Originally, +Acacia janzenii +probably was a species of disturbed sites in open forests, particularly landslide scars and stream banks. Most recent collections seen are from roadsides and pastures. + + +Beltian body production in this species is relatively low; usually less than 1/4 of the leaflets contain these bodies. Also, these bodies are usually less than +0.7 mm +long. None of the specimens tested positive for cyanide production. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/61/60/166160C11B379A29068CE74F70F020D2.xml b/data/16/61/60/166160C11B379A29068CE74F70F020D2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3a6877450b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/61/60/166160C11B379A29068CE74F70F020D2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +Guide to the littoral zone vascular flora of Carolina bay lakes (U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Howell, Nathan + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Braham, Richard R + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7964 +7964 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7964 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7964 +1314-2828-4-7964 + + + + +Pinus serotina Michx. + + + + +Pinus serotina +Taxon concept: [= RAB, FNA, Weakley] + + + +Distribution +Jones Lake (Rare): Howell JOLA−14 (NCSC!) +Singletary Lake (Rare): Howell SILA−37 (NCSC!) + + +Notes + +Trees. Juncture of supralittoral and eulittoral zones ( +NLSS-C +). +Apr-Aug +(or any time of the year in response to fire). Fig. 28 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/61/60/166160DF7F2A34702135957AB397F6E3.xml b/data/16/61/60/166160DF7F2A34702135957AB397F6E3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0ffe8a16c7e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/61/60/166160DF7F2A34702135957AB397F6E3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828--20997 + + + + +Hypsicomus stichophthalmos (Grube, 1863) + + + + +Hypsicomus stichophthalmos +(Grube, 1863) | +Potamilla stichophthalmos +(Grube, 1863) + + + +Notes +Type locality: Mediterranean. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/61/6D/16616D614143510598D18B02AD897B6A.xml b/data/16/61/6D/16616D614143510598D18B02AD897B6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..72f62081e38 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/61/6D/16616D614143510598D18B02AD897B6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +New combinations in Odontostemma (Caryophyllaceae) + + + +Author + +Rabeler, Richard K. +University of Michigan Herbarium - EEB, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 - 2228, USA +rabeler@umich.edu + + + +Author + +Wagner, Warren L. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2016 + +2016-06-02 + + +63 + + +77 +97 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.8181 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.8181 +1314-2003-63-77 +5844FFA9FFD4FF818A03FB22FFAE354C +899025 + + + + +Odontostemma omeiense (C.Y. Wu ex L.H. Zhou) Rabeler & W.L. Wagner +comb. nov. + + + + +Arenaria omeiensis +C.Y. Wu ex L.H. Zhou, Acta Biol. Plateau Sin. 6: 30. 1987. + + + + +Type +. + + + +China +: +Sichuan +: under thickets, +Omei-hsien +, +Mt. Omei +, ca. + +3100 m + +, +5 August 1938 +, +W.P. Fang +12979 ( +holotype +, KUN, KUN0511017; isotype, A00235605]) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/61/AB/1661AB557394AAF0C162F197AD07C1D6.xml b/data/16/61/AB/1661AB557394AAF0C162F197AD07C1D6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8790a30d434 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/61/AB/1661AB557394AAF0C162F197AD07C1D6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Brazilian Trichoptera Checklist II + + + +Author + +Paprocki, Henrique + + + +Author + +Franca, Diogo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1557 +1557 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 +1314-2828-2-1557 + + + + +Polycentropus urubici Holzenthal & Almeida, 2003 + + + +Distribution +Minas Gerais, Parana, Santa Catarina + + +Notes + +Holzenthal and Almeida 2003 +, +Dumas et al. 2010 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/53/166253EC2B320A9E9A4A58FBD5A9012C.xml b/data/16/62/53/166253EC2B320A9E9A4A58FBD5A9012C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..998fb35d7f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/53/166253EC2B320A9E9A4A58FBD5A9012C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Stibeutes breviareolatus (Thomson, 1884) + + + + +Hemiteles breviareolatus +Thomson, 1884 + + +rugiventris +(Strobl, 1901, +Acanthocryptus +) synonymy by +Horstmann (2000e) + + + +Notes + +Listed as a doubtfully placed species of +Hemiteles +by +Fitton (1978) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/57/16625761FFDE5B1AEF6C8BFBFE25F996.xml b/data/16/62/57/16625761FFDE5B1AEF6C8BFBFE25F996.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1aa7bcec102 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/57/16625761FFDE5B1AEF6C8BFBFE25F996.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +A New Genus and Species of Earthworm (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Semi-Arid Australia + + + +Author + +Dyne, Geoffrey R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2021 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2021-11-10 + + +73 + + +4 + + +123 +129 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1769 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1769 +2201-4349 +7178082 +92DD3DC4-7991-4054-B345-0E56BBF7B168 + + + + + + + +Aridulodrilus + +gen. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +AFB3B6BE-1F0C-41D3-9CE0-12CF7B8AEDCE + + + + + +Diagnosis +. Large worms (over +250 mm +in length). Setae more than 15 per segment throughout. Dorsal pores present. Male pores from racemose prostates paired on XVIII. Firm oesophageal gizzard in V; calciferous glands and oesophageal caeca absent; intestinal gizzards and tYphlosole lacking. Nephridia meronephric, avesiculate, and astomate, tufted anteriorlY. Caudal modifications of the excretorY sYstem (e.g., ureters) absent. Spermathecae three pairs, spermathecal diverticula clavate and single; several internal chambers (i.e., multiloculate but not sessile). Penial and genital setae absent. + + + + +Etymology +. From the Latin +aridulo-drilus +—semi-desert worm. + + +Type-species +. + +Aridulodrilus molesworthae + +gen. et sp. nov. +, monotYpic. + + + + +Distribution +. Western +New South Wales +, +Australia +(restricted). + + + + +Remarks +. The closest generic relative appears to be + +Austrohoplochaetella +Jamieson, 1971 + +, differentiated bY the lack, in + +Aridulodrilus + +gen. nov. +, of anY caudal excretorY sYstem elaboration (such as megameronephridia, nephrostomes, bladders or ureters). Also + +Aridulodrilus + +gen. nov. +lacks an intestinal tYphlosole. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/57/16625761FFDE5B1FEECC8F6EFEBFFADA.xml b/data/16/62/57/16625761FFDE5B1FEECC8F6EFEBFFADA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f8723a263ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/57/16625761FFDE5B1FEECC8F6EFEBFFADA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ + + + +A New Genus and Species of Earthworm (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Semi-Arid Australia + + + +Author + +Dyne, Geoffrey R. + +text + + +Records of the Australian Museum + + +2021 + +Rec. Aust. Mus. + + +2021-11-10 + + +73 + + +4 + + +123 +129 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1769 + +journal article +10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1769 +2201-4349 +7178082 +92DD3DC4-7991-4054-B345-0E56BBF7B168 + + + + + + + +Aridulodrilus molesworthae + +sp. nov. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +5FF63606-B904-463E-B5B6-932C25EDCD7B + + + + + +Figs 1–4 + + + + + + +Holotype + +: +Rupee Station +, +10 km +NE from +Broken Hill +, +Western +New South Wales +. +Habitat +is the outwash plain of the +Mount Darling Range +adjacent to +Willa WillYong Creek +, +31.9080°S +141.5683°E +. SandY silt to loamY claY, vegetation predominantlY saltbush ( + +Atriplex nummularia + +) ( +Fig. 5 +). +Individual +worms up to + +1.5 m + +(extended) have been observed; the collected specimen was +80 cm +in length prior to preservation. +Material +lodged in +Australian Museum +, W 36906; presented to the +AM +bY Keith Leggett of the NSW +Arid Zone Research Station +, + +23 September 2010 + + +. + + +Paratypes + +2 (numbered 1 and +2 in +discussion below): same general location, +31.9092°S +141.5690°E +, collector +R +. Molesworth, + +13 August 2020 + +, following heavY rain. Material lodged in Australian Museum, W 53200 + +. + + + + +Figure 1 +. Live extended specimen of + +Aridulodrilus molesworthae + +gen. et sp. nov. + + + + +Figure 2 +. Male field of holotYpe of + +Aridulodrilus molesworthae + +gen. et sp. nov. + + + + +Description + +External anatomY + +HolotYpe +: length = +481 mm +; width (midclitellar) = +12.3 mm +; segment count = 275. BodY pale, with diffuse brownish dorsal pigmentation. In life, the worms have a dark reddishbrown colour, especiallY dorsallY ( +Fig. 1 +). +ParatYpe +1: length = +286 mm +, width (midclitellar) = +9.8 mm +; segment count = 238. +ParatYpe +2: a small, immature individual. + + +Prostomium prolobous. First perforate dorsal pore 4/5. Three pairs of widelY lateral ( +g +-lines) puckered spermathecal pores in 6/7–8/9, the posterior-most pair with protruding whitish matter (H onlY, possiblY seminal material). + + +Perichaetine; setae generallY follow distinct longitudinal setal lines ( +vide +Fig. 2 +), but can be somewhat irregular in disposition, ranging in number from 16–20 per segment throughout. The ventral setal gap is narrow and fluctuates in width. Setae are not present between the male pores. + + +Male pores are widelY separated ( +e +-lines) on papillae within lunettes in XVIII. ClearlY defined, paired oculate genital markings are intersegmental in 16/17 and 19/20, slightlY more ventral than the male pores, their width approximatelY within the setal arc +bd +( +Fig. 2 +); P1 has an additional set of identical markings in 20/21. Female pore is single, within a distinct slightlY tumescent areola, midventral in XIV. A small, single unpaired genital marking aligned with the left 8/9 spermathecal pores occurs in 9/10 (H onlY). + +Clitellum is tumescent and complete, encompassing the posterior half of XIII to the posterior edge of XVII, with a slight ventral gap in XVII (H, P1). +Internal anatomY +Septa in the oesophageal region are muscularized and thickened from 5/6 posteriad, those in 10/11–12/13 possiblY the most robust. A large, firm gizzard, with muscular sheen, is present in VI, tapering in width as it meets the oesophagus. The oesophagus is well vascularized and denselY rugose internallY but lacks anY obvious pouching or calciferous glands. The intestine commences with abrupt expansion in XVII. No tYphlosole, caeca or other structures are present. Intestinal contents are primarilY fine soil particles, with occasional small pieces of organic matter. +Last hearts are present in XIII. + + +Figure 3 +. Right prostate gland of holotYpe. + + + +Male funnels occur in X and XI and show some iridescence but are disproportionatelY small in relation the overall bodY size; 2 pairs of racemose seminal vesicles are attached to septa in XI and XII, the latter pair is slightlY the larger. FinelY racemose prostates, flattened and broadlY leaf-like in appearance, are restricted to XVIII and clasp the intestine +in situ +( +Fig. 3 +). The duct is sinuous and muscular, its distal end much dilated as if to form a chamber. Paired vasa deferentia lack conspicuous iridescence and discretelY enter the duct ventrallY just prior to its final distal bend. Penial setae are absent. FinelY loculate ovoid accessorY glands (apparentlY associated with the external genital markings) are present in XVII and XIX and XX (P1 onlY). A further pair, more ventrallY located, is present in XX (H) and XXI (P1) without anY corresponding external manifestation. + + +Ovaries in XIII consist of a membranous fan containing manY individual ovules (H); in P1 ovules are embedded in large white flocculent masses, with a filamentous attachment to the preceding septum. Small and diaphanous ventrallY situated oviducal funnels have ducts that enter the bodY wall separatelY, ventrallY, in XIV. Small glandular masses attached to the posterior face of septum 13/14 are possiblY ovisacs. Spermathecae lie in segments VI, VII and VIII, subequal in size, each organ consisting of a large, spheroidal ampulla, short thick duct and small clavate diverticulum. In all cases, the diverticulum joins the duct within the bodY wall, though the bulk of each organ is free within the bodY cavitY ( +Fig. 4 +). + +Meronephric; the nephridia consist of numerous small, simple tubular coils of variable size lining the bodY wall, with no pre- or post-septal nephrostomes or bladders visible. The nephridia are smaller and more numerous in the forebodY and in places appear to consist of 2 distinct bands within each segment. Large tufts of nephridial tubules are present in segments II-V with composite ducts leading to the pharYnx. CaudallY, the meronephridia are larger and less numerous but still lack nephrostomes (as elsewhere in the bodY), or elaborations such as bladders or ureters. + + + +Etymology + +The species is named for the manager of the propertY on which the species was detected—Ms Rosalind Molesworth. + +Behaviour + + +Following infrequent heavY rainfall events, worms have been observed emerging from burrows and being active on the soil surface, including engaging in reproductive coupling (R. Molesworth, +pers. comm. +and video). This emergence phenomenon (the onlY means of obtaining specimens to date) appears to be restricted to a 10 ha area within the propertY. The species likelY survives at or above the capillarY fringe of the water table and its behaviour is governed bY fluctuations in the level of the latter and bY rainfall events that temporarilY saturate the upper soil laYers. There is no obvious sign of surface castings associated with this species during such events. + + + +Figure 4 +. Right IX spermatheca, diverticulum dissected from bodY wall of + +Aridulodrilus molesworthae + +gen. et sp. nov. + + + +The phenomenon of aestivation or diapause in earthworms has been researched for various species (e.g., + +Jiménez +et al +., 2000 + +; + +Cosín +et al +., 2006 + +). This behaviour involves a dramatic slowing in metabolic activitY or even the production of a mucous-lined chamber to impede water loss, and is usuallY the result of deteriorating soil conditions, especiallY during prolonged drY periods. It is not known whether + +Aridulodrilus + +has adopted such a mechanism in order to cope with extended periods of drought. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF4CFF60FF8AA0A7FBAFF844.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF4CFF60FF8AA0A7FBAFF844.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c2cb8b499e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF4CFF60FF8AA0A7FBAFF844.xml @@ -0,0 +1,319 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron syndicorum +Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 384–394 + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +693BC07D-2CAB-4B81-869D-27ABEDE48D87 + + + + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +, asexual female “ +Mexico +( +Code +077), +La Cumbre +( +Monte Escobedo +, +ZAC +), +22º19’8.9’’N +103º38’53,42’’W +, ex + +Q. potosina +Humb. & Bonpl Trell. + +, (05, 11.2010) + +15.12.2010 + +, leg. +C. Carrillo +, +O. Cabral +, +R +. Treto & +L. Landa +” deposited in +UB + +. + +PARATYPES +(5 asexual females) labeled as the +holotype +. +Two paratypes +deposited in +UB + +, + +and +three paratypes +in +PHDNRL + +. + + + + +Etymology: +Syndicus is the Latinization of the Greek σύνδικος (σύν = with and δίκη = justice), which means one who acts with justice. We use the plural because it is dedicated to the 5 ‘sindics’ of +October 1, 2017 +: Marc Marsal i Ferret (lawyer, he was a consultant to the Online University of +Catalonia +, UOC), Josep Pagès i Masó (Autonomous University of Bellaterra, UAB), Jordi Matas i Dalmases (Barcelona University, UB), Tània Verge i Mestre (Pompeu Fabra University, UPF) and Marta Alsina Conesa (lawyer, currently defender of the citizens of Girona). To them all for their commitment to democracy. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females are part of the group of + +Feron +species + +that are characterised by the body never being black; head trapezoid in frontal view; ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes parallel or converging very slightly ventrally, the transfacial distance is longer than the height of eye; antenna with 12 flagellomeres, sometimes suture between F11 and F12 incomplete; toruli are located above the mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as the length of the malar space; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without distinct piliferous points; and the mesopleuron with a transversal striate band; as in + +F. gigas + +(asex), + +F. +parmula + +(asex), + +F. stellulum + +and some specimens of + +F. tibiale + +(asex). Differs from + +F. gigas + +, + +F. +parmula + +, and + +F. stellulum + +in having the gena broadened behind the eye. The most similar species is the asexual form of + +F. tibiale + +but in + +F. syndicorum + +the mesoscutum is finely alutaceous; the notaulus is complete but shallow and alutaceous at least on anterior 3/4 of its length; the mesoscutellar disk is strongly curved in lateral view, which makes the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum appear as two independent lobes in lateral view; and the subaxillular bar reaches 1/3 of the height of mesoscutellum. + +Feron tibiale + +(part) is coarsely reticulated on the mesoscutum, has complete notaulus but which is inconspicuous on anterior 1/4 of its length; the mesoscutellum is flat in lateral view and forms a continuous curve with the mesoscutum in lateral view; and the subaxillular bar reaches half the height of metascutellum. + + + + +Description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 384–393 +). Head, mesosoma, metasoma light brown to reddish brown; antennae slightly darker distally. + +Head trapezoid in frontal view, broadest part on the level of half height of eye; with sparse setae, denser on lower face; 2.0× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous broadened behind eye in frontal view, subequal to transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space with a few delicate striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; eye 2.6× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 1.5× as long as OOL, OOL 2.0× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and 1.3× as long as LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance 1.1x as long as height of eye; toruli located slightly above mid height of head, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.5× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.5× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth, with dense white setae; slightly elevated median area alutaceous, with a few setae. Clypeus trapezoid, broader than high, alutaceous, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and with a few setae, areas between toruli and between torulus and eye also alutaceous; interocellar area alutaceous-reticulate. Vertex, occiput, postgena alutaceous, with white long setae; postocciput alutaceous-reticulate, with concentric lines around occipital foramen and postgenal bridge; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 11 flagellomeres (some specimens with 12 flagellomeres with a distinct suture between F12 and F11), F6 until F11–F12 gradually broadening towards apical end, pedicel slightly longer than broad; F1 1.5× as long as pedicel and 1.5× as long as F2; F2=F3=F4, F5 to F10 nearly equal in length, F11 longer than F10; placodeal sensilla on F5–F11. + + +FIGURES 384–388. + +Feron syndicorum + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 384–387, head: 384, frontal view, 385, posterior view, 386, dorsal view, 387, lateral view. 388, antenna. + + +Mesosoma 1.2× as long as high, with sparse white setae, except dense setae on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum delicately striate, with sparse setae; propleuron alutaceous, glabrous. Mesoscutum alutaceous to reticulate, with shallow piliferous points, smooth along parapsidal lines with sparse white setae, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, shallow, bottom smooth on posterior 1/4 of its length and alutaceous-reticulate on the anterior 3/4, posteriorly slightly broader and slightly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line distinct, in the form of a bare, smooth stripe, extending to half-length of mesoscutum; parapsidal line distinct, marked with broad impressed smooth glabrous stripes; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum ovate, slightly broader than long, circumscutelar carina absent; disk of mesoscutellum alutaceous, dull rugose laterally and posteriorly, overhanging metanotum, with dense setae. Mesoscutellar foveae oblique, inconspicuously divided by an alutaceous central elevated area; foveae with smooth, glabrous bottom, occupying at least 1/3 of mesoscutellum length. Mesopleuron delicately striate and glabrous, posterior margin smooth; with setae in ventral part; mesopleural triangle smooth, with numerous short white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with dense white setae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, as high as 1/3 of height of metascutellum; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height, upper part of sulcus present, lower part of sulcus separating smooth, glabrous area, with dense setae. Metascutellum alutaceous to smooth, glabrous, 3.0× as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with some setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, glabrous, with irregular interrupted rugae at the base in large specimens; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha with numerous sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 389–392. + +Feron syndicorum + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 389, mesosoma, lateral view. 390, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 391, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 392, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 393–394. + +Feron syndicorum + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual generation. 392–393, asexual female: 392, fore wing, part, 393, metasoma, lateral view. 394, galls. + + +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct dense cilia on margin, veins dark brown, radial cell open, 3.9× as long as broad; R1 and Rs not reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, almost indistinct. Rs+M distinct, not reaching basalis, its projection reaching basalis slightly above mid height. +Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, higher than long than in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 of metasoma length in dorsal view, with short white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth, glabrous, with micropunctures. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 4.8× as long as broad in ventral view, with some short setae ventrally which not extend beyond apex of spine. + +Body length +2.1–2.2 mm +(n = 2). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 394 +). Yellow crystalline leaf gall mass (aggregation of galls, 5-20 galls) on underside of leaf, to +20 mm +long projecting from leaf by up to +15 mm +. Larval chambers easily detachable from leaf and crystalline pubescence extremely brittle. + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on + +Q. potosina + +(section +Quercu +s, subsection +Leucomexicana +). The gall matures in late autumn and the adults emerge soon after. + + + + +Distribution. +Mexico +, La Cumbre (Monte Escobedo, State of +Zacatecas +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF80FFB4FF8AA0C4FDEAF918.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF80FFB4FF8AA0C4FDEAF918.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cac98b564e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF80FFB4FF8AA0C4FDEAF918.xml @@ -0,0 +1,381 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron izabellae +Melika, Nicholls & Stone + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 216–227 + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +809B97CC-BE9E-4B10-A15E-9A83E0D6B97F + + + + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “ +USA +, +CA +, Friday Ridge Road, +CA +, + +Q. garryana +, CA1600 + +”, coll. + +20.09.2014 + +, leg. +J. DeMartini. + + +PARATYPES +(4 asexual females) “ +USA +, +CA +, +Lake Berry Essa Napa County +, + +Q. berberidifolia +, CA1752 + +, coll. + +27.10.2016 + +, leg. +J.DeMartini +”, “ +USA +, +CA +, +Inspiration Point +, +Covelo +, + +Q. durata +, CA1792 + +, coll. + +11.10.2011 + +, leg. +J.DeMartini +”; “ +USA +, +CA +, + +Q. durata +, CA1820 + +, leg. +J.DeMartini +”; +USA +, +CA + +, + +Middletown +, +Lake County +, +CA2386 + +, + + +Q. durata + +, coll. + +29.10.2014 + +, leg. +J.DeMartini +”. +The +holotype +and +one paratype female +are deposited at the +USNM + +, + +2 female +paratypes +at the +PHDNRL + +, + +1 female +paratype +at the +UB + +. + + + + +Etymology. +Named in memory of the author G. Melika’s mother, Izabella, and in honour of G. Melika’s granddaughter who carries on the Izabella name. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The asexual form of this species belongs to the + +Feron + +group in which the pronotum is laterally smooth to coriaceous, without carinae, and the mesoscutum is alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, or reticulate, sometimes with smooth areas and piliferous points, glabrous or pubescent; as in + +F. atrimentum + +(asex), + +F. crystallinum + +(asex), + +F. pattersonae + +(asex), and + +F. sulfureum + +(asex). It differs from those species in the following combination of characters: the frons is bulging in frontal view; ocelli are not elevated above the head, the transfacial distance is 1.4× as long as the height of eye, the eyes slightly convergent ventrally, and the metapleural sulcus reaching the mesopleuron on the upper 2/3 of its height. The most similar species is + +F. albicomus + +(asex) from which + +F. izabellae + +differs in having the head and mesosoma amber, the median mesoscutal line absent, mesoscutellar foveae divided by an elevated coriaceous triangle, and ventral spine of hypopygium 8.0× as long as broad in ventral view. + + + + +Description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 216–226 +). Head, antenna, mouthparts, mesosoma, legs, metasoma uniformly light brown to yellowish; head posteriorly slightly darker. + +Head alutaceous-reticulate, with denser setae on lower face, slightly higher than broad and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; 1.9× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view; gena in lateral view slightly narrower than transverse diameter of eye. Malar space delicately coriaceous, with striae radiating from clypeus and not reaching eye, malar sulcus absent; eye 2.7× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes slightly converging ventrally. POL 1.5× as long as OOL, OOL 2.5× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and 1.3x as long as LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Antennal toruli located above mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.6× as long as height of eye; frons nearly as high as height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 2.1× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye equal to diameter of torulus; lower face alutaceous, with setae; slightly elevated median area and area between toruli delicately coriaceous, with a few setae. Clypeus impressed, flat, 2.0× as broad as high, smooth, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, small; epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex and occiput uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and setae; postocciput and postgena alutaceous, with dense white setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres, pedicel longer than broad; F1 1.3× as long as F2 and more than 1.9× as long as pedicel; F2 longer than F3, F4 slightly longer than F5, F6=F7=F8, subsequent flagellomeres nearly equal in length; F12=F11, placodeal sensilla on F6–F12. + + +FIGURES 216–221. + +Feron izabellae + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 216–219, head: 216, frontal view, 217, dorsal view, 218, lateral view, 219, posterior view. 220, antenna. 221, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. + + +Mesosoma slightly longer than high, without setae. Pronotum glabrous, with delicate short inconspicuous parallel striae along posterior edge, with piliferous points; propleuron smooth, with sparse short setae. Mesoscutum uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, distinctly impressed along entire length; posteriorly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line, parapsidal and median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum slightly longer than broad, with subparallel sides; central part of mesoscutellum disk coriaceous, along sides and posteriorly with strong rugae, overhanging metanotum, with sparse setae. Mesoscutellar foveae distinct, slightly impressed smooth, glabrous, with elevated central carina. Mesopleuron smooth, alutaceous only in most anterodorsal part; speculum smooth, glabrous; mesopleural triangle smooth, with white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with white setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with subparallel sides, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron slightly above half of its height; upper part of sulcus indistinct; lower part of sulcus delimiting smooth area with dense long white setae. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, with white setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent outwards in posterior 1/3 of its height; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha with longitudinal sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with strong basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 222–225. + +Feron izabellae + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 222, mesosoma, lateral view. 223, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 224, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 225, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 226–227. + +Feron izabellae + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual generation. 226, asexual female, metasoma, lateral view. 227, galls (images courtesy of J. Gross). + + +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with short cilia on margin, veins indistinct, yellowish to pale brown, radial cell open, 4.5× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, indistinct. Rs+M indistinct, not reaching basalis, its projection reaching basalis in upper half. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 1/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga without micropunctures. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.3× as long as broad in ventral view, with a few long white setae ventrally. + +Body length +1.5–1.8 mm +(n = 5). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 227 +). A small (up to +5mm +diameter) monolocular spangle gall on the underside of leaves. Initially a disc-shaped gall lying flat against the leaf surface, pink in middle and around the edge with cream circle in between. When galls mature the opposite sides of the disc fold up and touch. Informally called the pink bowtie gall wasp in +Russo (2006 +, +2021 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known which induces spangle leaf galls on + +Q +. +berberidifolia + +, + +Q. douglasii + +, + +Q. dumosa + +(= + +Q. durata + +), + +Q. garryana + +(all section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +). Galls mature in September–October. Adults emerge soon afterwards. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: CA (authors). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF8DFFA0FF8AA53DFDC3FC38.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF8DFFA0FF8AA53DFDC3FC38.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f8813256a60 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF8DFFA0FF8AA53DFDC3FC38.xml @@ -0,0 +1,237 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron discularis +( +Weld, 1926 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 184–188 + + + + + + + +Diplolepis discularis +Weld, 1926: 25 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Andricus discularis +(Weld) + +: + +Weld, 1951: 633 + +. + + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: Asexual female “ +Sequoia Nat. Park +, Cal.”, “Cut out Nov. 10”, “ + +Q. garryana + +”, red label “Type No. 27191 +USNM +”, “ + +Diplolepis discularis +Weld + +” deposited in +USNM +, examined by GM. The type is present, however absent from the Type list. Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/ 3c82fa469-eef2-491e-bb0d-b1778bff7d05 + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +in which the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae and the mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, with piliferous points; as in + +F. kingi + +(asex) and + +F. +tubifaciens + +(asex). Differs from those two species in the entirely black body; the frons bulging in frontal view, ocelli not elevated above the head; toruli located at the midheight of the head; the median mesoscutal line in the form of a short triangle. + + + +FIGURES 184–188. + +Feron discularis + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 184–186, asexual female: 184–185 habitus: 184, dorsal view, 185, lateral view. 186, head and antennae, frontal view (pictures taken from the holotype deposited at the USNM by M. Buffington). 187–188, gall (courtesy of J. Gross). + + + +Re-description. +After +Weld (1926) +with modifications ( +Figs 184–186 +). Predominantly black, base of antenna and legs beyond coxae brownish; face and mesonotum with scattered setae. Head coriaceous, rounded bulging upward in frontal view and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; gena not broadened behind eye, occiput not concave; Transfacial distance equal to or slightly longer than height of eye; malar space about 1/3 of eye height, without malar sulcus. Toruli located at mid height of head. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma with 12 flagellomeres, distal flagellomeres slightly broader; the antennomere lengths are 10: 6: 13: 10: 9: 8: 8: 7.5: 7: 7: 6.5: 6: 6: 8. Pronotum with delicate parallel striae laterally near tegula. Mesoscutum high-arched, longer than broad, finely coriaceous, with piliferous points, notaulus complete, deep, with smooth bottom; median mesoscutal line in the form of a short triangle. Mesopleuron smooth, glabrous, with small aciculate area in front. Tarsal claws with strong basal lobe. Fore wing hyaline, pubescent, ciliate on margins, veins brown; radial cell around 3.8× as long as broad; areolet present, Rs-M vein reaching 1/8 of the distance to basal. Disk of mesoscutellum delicately coriaceous anterocentrally, with strong rugae posteriorly and laterally; sides bounded by two straight diverging lines; mesoscutellar foveae rounded, separated medially, with smooth, glabrous bottom, not delimited by carinae posteriorly. Metascutellum rugose. Lateral propodeal carina bent strongly outwards, central propodeal area narrower anteriorly, broadened posteriorly, neck rugose. Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, 2nd metasomal tergum with sparsely pubescent areas at base; prominent part of the ventral spine of hypopygium 8.0× as long as broad in ventral view. Body length +1.6–1.95 mm +. + + +Gall +( +Figs 187–188 +). Disk-shaped, about +6 mm +in diameter by +1 mm +thick, single or scattered in small numbers on underside of leaf in autumn. The upper surface is slightly concave, the edge sinuate, the margin reflexed nearly to the leaf surface. The transversely placed larval cell occupies the full height of the gall. Exit hole on top surface ( +Weld 1926 +). + + + + +Biology. +The asexual generation only is known, inducing galls on + +Q. garryana + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +). Galls mature in September, adults were cut out in November. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: CA ( +Weld 1926 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF97FFB8FF8AA110FD6EFCC0.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF97FFB8FF8AA110FD6EFCC0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00a2d3074e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFF97FFB8FF8AA110FD6EFCC0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,410 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron parmula +( +Bassett, 1900 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 256–268 + + + + + + + +Andricus parmula +Bassett, 1900: 312 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + + +Dryophanta discus +Bassett, 1900: 326 + + +, female, gall. Synonym in + +Weld (1951: 635) + + + + + + + +Type +material. + + +Andricus parmula +Bassett + +: +Type +No 10500, asexual female, deposited at the Entomology + +Type +Collection +at the + +Academy of +Natural Sciences + +of Philadelphia, not examined by the authors + +. + + +Additional material. +25 asexual females, all from +California +: + +2 females +“ +USA +, +California +, +Hastings Reserve +, + +Q. lobata + +, leg. +Challis +, + +2004.10.23 + +.” + +; + +10 females +“ +USA +, +California +, +Clearlake +, + +Q. lobata +, CA + +8, galltype 159; leg. +J.A. Nicholls +, + +2007.11.03 + +.” + +; + +2 females +“ +USA +, +California +, +Copperopolis +, + +Q. douglasii +, CA + +907, galltype 159; leg. +J.A. Nicholls +, + +2007.11.06 + +.” + +; + +11 females +“ +USA +, +California +, +Cosumnes River +Preserve, + +Q. lobata +, CA + +990, galltype 159; leg. +J.A. Nicholls +, + +2007.11.07 + +.” + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +in which the body is never black; the head is rounded or trapezoid to triangular in frontal view, ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes are parallel or very slightly converging ventrally, the transfacial distance is equal to or longer than the height of eye; toruli are located above mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space; lateral ocelli smaller, OOL at least 2.5× as long as the diameter of ocellus, if shorter then the head and mesosoma are not yellowish or light brown; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points and the mesopleuron with transverse reliculate-carinate band at mid-height; as in + +F. gigas + +(asex), + +F. tibiale + +(asex), + +F. stellulum + +(asex), and + +F. syndicorum + +(asex). Differs from + +F. tibiale + +and + +F. syndicorum + +in the gena which is not broadened behind the eye in frontal view, 2nd metasomal tergum with a band of micropunctures posteriorly and all subsequent terga with micropunctures. Differs from + +F. gigas + +and + +F. stellulum + +in that the malar space is without striae, mesoscutellar foveae absent or slightly impressed and the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium 7.0× as long as broad in ventral view; see more characters at couplet +37 in +the key. + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 256–267 +). Head, antenna, mesosoma, legs, metasoma uniformly light brown. Veins pale. + + + +FIGURES 256–261. + +Feron parmula + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 256–259, head: 256, frontal view, 257, dorsal view, 258, lateral view, 259, posterior view. 260, antenna. 261, propleura, frontal view. + + +Head alutaceous-reticulate, with sparse setae on lower face, postgena, slighly higher than broad and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; 2.0× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, not broadened behind eye in frontal view; gena in lateral view 2.0× narrower than transverse diameter of eye. Malar space delicately coriaceous, without striae, malar sulcus absent; eye 2.1× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes slightly converging ventrally. POL 2.3× as long as OOL, OOL 2.1× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly shorter than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Antennal toruli located above mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.4× as long as height of eye; toruli located above mid height of head, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.5× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.5× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face delicately coriaceous, without setae; slightly elevated median area and area between toruli delicately coriaceous, with a few setae. Clypeus impressed, flat, rectangular, broader than high, smooth, with few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, small; epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex and occiput uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and setae; postocciput and postgena glabrous, with very delicate, indistinct concentric lines around and laterad to occipital foramen and postgenal bridge; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna slightly shorter than body, with 12 flagellomeres, pedicel subglobose, slightly longer than broad; flagellomeres subsequently broadening towards apical end; F1 1.4× as long as F2 and 1.8× as long as pedicel; F2=F3=F4, F5=F6, F7 to F11 equal in length; F12 slightly longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F4–F12. + + +FIGURES 262–265. + +Feron parmula + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 262, mesosoma, lateral view. 263, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 264, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 265, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 266–268. + +Feron parmula + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 266–267, asexual female: 266, fore wing, 267, metasoma, lateral view. 268, galls. + + +Mesosoma nearly as long as high, without setae. Pronotum delicately coriaceous, with delicate striae, glabrous laterally; propleuron smooth, with sparse short setae. Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, indistinct in anterior 1/4 of mesoscutum length, distinctly impressed along remainder of mesoscutum; posteriorly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line indistinct, impressed narrow stripes extending to 1/3 of mesoscutum length; parapsidal line marked with indistinct, narrow smooth, impressed area; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum elongated, longer than broad, broadest part in posterior 1/4 of its length; disk of mesoscutellum rugose, dull rugose laterally and posteriorly, overhanging metanotum, with sparse setae. Mesoscutellar foveae absent, slightly impressed anterior part delicately coriaceous like rest of disk, without central carina. Mesopleuron indistinctly delicately coriaceous, with stronger coriaceous sculpture in central transverse band extending across mesopleuron at mid height; speculum and ventral half of mesopleuron smooth, glabrous, without transverse longitudinal striae; mesopleural triangle smooth, with a few white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with a few white setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with subparallel sides, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height; upper part of sulcus indistinct; lower part of sulcus delimiting smooth area with dense long white setae. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, shorter than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, without setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent outwards in posterior 1/3 of its height; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha with numerous sulci laterally, smooth glabrous dorsally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with long dense cilia on margin, veins light brown, radial cell open, 4.2× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet indistinct, hardly traceable or not. Rs+M indistinct, its projection reaching basalis below half of its height. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, with band of micropunctures posteriorly; all subsequent terga with micropunctures. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 7.0× as long as broad in ventral view, with few setae ventrally. + +Body length +1.5–1.7 mm +(n = 10). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 268 +). Minute, flat, sessile, saucer shaped, red spangle gall, on the underside of the leaves, 2.0 mm in diameter, with a slight elevation in the center, where the small larval cell is located ( +Russo 2006 +, +2021 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on + +Q. douglasii + +, + +Q. dumosa +, +Q. garryana +, +Q. lobata + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +), and + +Q. engelmannii + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +) ( +Burks 1979 +). Galls mature in April, adults emerge after soon ( +Russo 2006 +, +2021 +). + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: +California +( +Burks 1979 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFA3FF95FF8AA350FDC1FDE8.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFA3FF95FF8AA350FDC1FDE8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b3bbc08e20 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFA3FF95FF8AA350FDC1FDE8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,315 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron scutellum +( +Weld, 1930 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 324–328 + + + + + + + +Andricus scutella +Weld, 1930: 29 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +. Asexual female “ +Camp Creek +, +Arizona +”, “ +N.M. Capron Coll. +”, “ + +Andricus scutella +Weld + +”, “cut out December”, red label “Type No. 42885 +USNM +” + +. + +PARATYPES +(9 asexual females) labelled as the +holotype +, deposited in the collection of +USNM +. The female +holotype +and +six paratypes +are in the collection of the +USNM +, examined by VC-P. +The +type was examined based on photos taken by +M. Buffington +, +USNM +. +Specimen +data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/34db243c6-9449-4191-b59f-2cd26d2e18ab + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +in which the body is reddish brown; the head is rounded in frontal view, ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes slightly converging ventrally, the transfacial distance is longer than the height of eye; toruli are located above mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 2.6× as high as length of the malar space; as in + +F. bakkeri + +(asex), + +F. rucklei + +(asex), and + +F. stellare + +(asex). Differs from + +F. bakkeri + +in having the mesoscutellar foveae distinct, but not defined posteriorly, with smooth bottom, and central part of mesoscutellar disk elevated and faintly reticulate, while the foveae are inconspicuous and faintly rugose and the mesoscutellar disk completely rugose in + +F. bakkeri + +. It differs from + +F. stellare + +and + +F. rucklei + +in having the disk of mesoscutellum faintly reticulated with the central part elevated, while it is coarsely rugose and not elevated in + +F. stellare + +and + +F. rucklei + +. + + +The gall resembles those of + +Phylloteras cupella +( +Weld, 1926 +) + +, but lacks the in-rolled top margin and has a removable whitish bloom. + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 324–327 +). Head, antenna, mesosoma, legs, metasoma uniformly reddish brown; base of metasoma and mesoscutellum lighter. + +Head alutaceous-reticulate, with dense setae on lower face, slightly higher than broad and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; 2.0× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, not broadened behind eye in frontal view; gena in lateral view 2.0× narrower than transverse diameter of eye. Malar space delicately coriaceous, without striae, malar sulcus absent; eye 2.1× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes converging ventrally. POL 1.9× as long as OOL, OOL 2.1× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly shorter than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Antennal toruli located at mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.4× as long as height of eye; frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 3.0× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.5× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth, with scattered setae; slightly elevated median area and area between toruli smooth with piliferous points, with a few setae. Clypeus impressed, flat, rectangular, broader than high, smooth, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, small; epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex and occiput uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and setae. Antenna slightly shorter than body, with 11 flagellomeres, pedicel slightly longer than broad; F1 1.2× as long as F2 and above 2.0× as long as pedicel; F2 longer than F3, F4 slightly longer than F5, all subsequent flagellomeres nearly equal in length; placodeal sensilla on F3–F11. +Mesosoma nearly as long as high, without setae. Pronotum glabrous, with delicate short parallel striae along posterior edge, with piliferous points. Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, distinctly impressed along entire length; posteriorly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line indistinct; parapsidal line marked with indistinct, narrow smooth, impressed area; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum slightly longer than broad, with subparallel sides; disk of mesoscutellum faintly rugose on lateral and posterior margins, central part of disk faintly reticulate, and elevated after central carina of mesusctellar foveae, overhanging metanotum, with sparse setae. Mesoscutellar foveae not defined posteriorly, smooth, glabrous, with central carina. Mesopleuron smooth, alutaceous only on most anterior part; speculum smooth, glabrous, with transverse striae on most anterior part; mesopleural triangle smooth, with a few white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with white setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with subparallel sides, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height; upper part of sulcus indistinct; lower part of sulcus delimiting smooth area with dense long white setae. Metascutellum dull alutaceous, glabrous, 1.5× longer than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, without setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent outwards in posterior 1/3 of its height; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha with irregular sulci laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 324–327. + +Feron scutellum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female.324, head, frontal view; 325, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 326, antenna; 327, general habitus, lateral view (pictures taken from the holotype deposited at the USNM by M. Buffington). + + + + +FIGURES 328. + +Feron scutellum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual galls. + + +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with cilia on margin, veins yellowish brown, radial cell open, 5.0× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet distinct. Rs+M colourless, indistinctly reaching basalis, basalis slightly elongated on contact point. +Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, as long as high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, with band of rare micropunctures posteriorly; all subsequent terga with rare micropunctures. Hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.8× as long as broad in ventral view, with numerous long white setae ventrally. + +Body length +1.6–2.15 mm +(n = 4). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 328 +). A cup-shaped leaf spangle gall, up to +4.5 mm +in diameter and +3.5 mm +high, purple-brown with a whitish bloom, attached to under side of leaf. The edge of the cup is thin, not in-rolled. The larval cell is +2 mm +long by +0.7 mm +in diameter and lies transversely at the very base of the cup. The exit hole is into the bottom of cup. + + + + +Biology. +The asexual generation is only known, which induces galls on + +Q. gambelii + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +) and + +Q. turbinella + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +). Galls mature in late autumn, and adults were cut out from galls in December-January ( +Weld 1930 +). + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: AZ ( +Weld 1930 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFA6FF88FF8AA728FF5EFF00.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFA6FF88FF8AA728FF5EFF00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b9ce6e1f301 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFA6FF88FF8AA728FF5EFF00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,347 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron rucklei +Melika, Nicholls & Stone + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 311–323 + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +26E3C69D-CE69-47D1-89B7-134EBE136AED + + + + + +Type material: + +HOLOTYPE +. +Asexual +female “ +Canada +, +British Columbia +, Ruckle Provincial Park, leg. +J. Nicholls +, + +2007.11.12 + +. Code BC352, spBCl1; ex + +Quercus garryana + +” + +. + +PARATYPES +(9 asexual females) with the same labels as the +holotype +, however, with different collecting codes: BC349-1, BC350-2, BC352-1, BC354-1, BC355-1, BC356- 3. The female +holotype +is deposited at the +USNM +, +9 female + + +paratypes +at the +PHDNRL + +. + + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the site it was found, Ruckle Provincial Park. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +in which the body is never black; the head is rounded in frontal view with a slightly elevated median area of lower face which is smooth and shining; the gena at least slightly broadened behind the eye; ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes are parallel or very slightly converging ventrally; the transfacial distance is longer than height of the eye; the antenna with 12 flagellomeres, sometimes suture between F11 and F12 incomplete; toruli are located above the mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space; lateral ocelli are smaller, OOL at least 2.5× as long as the diameter of the ocellus, if shorter then the head and mesosoma are not yellowish or light brown; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum is alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points; mesoscutellar foveae divided by a central carina; the mesopleuron is entirely smooth; as in + +F. bakkeri + +(asex), + +F. caepula + +(asex), + +F. scutellum + +(asex), and + +F. stellare + +(asex). Nevertheless, this species differs from + +F. caepula + +in the brown body colour sometimes with darker marks, and parallel eyes, while + +F. caepula + +is yellowish to light brown and has eyes converging strongly ventrally. Differs from + +F. bakkeri + +in having mesoscutellar foveae conspicuous and smooth, while they are inconspicuous and faintly rugose in + +F. bakkeri + +. Differs from + +F. scutellum + +in the coarsely rugose mesoscutellar disk, while in + +F. scutellum + +it is faintly reticulated and with a median elevated area. The most similar species is + +F. stellare + +but differs from it in having dark flagellomeres, the notaulus is complete and the third and subsequent metasomal terga with sparse micropunctures (more characters at couplet +47 in +the key). + + + + +FIGURES 311–316. + +Feron rucklei + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 311–314, head: 311, frontal view, 312, posterior view, 313, dorsal view, 314, lateral view; 315, antenna. 316, fore wing. + + + + +FIGURES 317–320. + +Feron rucklei + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 317, mesosoma, lateral view. 318, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 319, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 320, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 321–323. + +Feron rucklei + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual generation. 321, asexual female, metasoma, lateral view. 322–323, galls: 322, young growing gall, 323, mature galls. + + + + +Description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 311–321 +). Head and antennae dark brown, maxillary and labial palpi light brown; mesosoma and metasoma reddish brown; legs light brown. + +Head with sparse white setae, denser on lower face and clypeus, 1.2× as broad as high and slightly broader than mesosoma in frontal view,1.9x as broad as long from dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, very slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view, as broad as transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, glabrous, without striae; eye 2.4× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes slightly converging ventrally. POL 2.3× as long as OOL; OOL 1.8× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly shorter than LOL; all ocelli slightly ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance slightly longer than height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 1.6× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.3× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth, with dense white setae, without striae; slightly elevated median area smooth, glabrous, without setae. Clypeus smooth, glabrous, quadrangular, only slightly broader than high; ventrally rounded, not emarginate, without median incision and with dense long setae; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line broad, well impressed. Frons and interocellar area delicately coriaceous to reticulate, without striae, with a few short setae. Vertex, occiput delicately coriaceous to reticulate, with sparse white setae; postgena and postocciput smooth, with dense long setae; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which bend outwards; postgenal bridge anteriorly as broad as width of occipital foramen.Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres, with dense long white setae; pedicel 1.65× as long as broad, flagellomeres broadening towards apex; F1 longer than scape+pedicel, F1 2.0× as long as pedicel and slightly longer than F2; F2 1.2× as long as F3; F3=F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, nearly equal in length, F12 slightly longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F4–F12. +Mesosoma slightly longer than high, with sparse short white setae. Pronotum smooth, glabrous, with delicate parallel rugae posterolaterally, with dense setae along anterior rim; propleuron smooth, glabrous. Mesoscutum alutaceous, with a few white setae along notaulus and denser setae anteriorly, between notauli; slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, deep, with smooth, glabrous bottom; posteriorly strongly converging, distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and lateral side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel and parapsidal lines distinct, marked with smooth lines; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, smooth, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum longer than broad, trapezoid, uniformly rugose, broader in posterior 1/3, posteriorly slightly rounded, overhanging metanotum. Mesoscutellar foveae separated by triangular elevated coriaceous central carina, nearly rounded to slightly ovate, with smooth, glabrous bottom. Mesopleuron and speculum uniformly smooth, with a few setae ventrally; mesopleural triangle alutaceous, glabrous, with a few setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with a few white short setae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with subparallel sides, posteriorly shorter than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at mid height, upper part of sulcus indistinct. Metascutellum coriaceous, as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with dense setae; central propodeal area smooth, glabrous, broad, lyre-shaped, without rugae; lateral propodeal carina bent strongly outwards at mid height; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha smooth, glabrous with numerous sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws toothed, with basal lobe. +Fore wing 1.5× as long as body, hyaline, margin with long dense cilia, veins pale yellow, radial cell open, 3.9× as long as broad; R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, indistinct, Rs+M inconspicuous, traceable along 1/3 of its length, its projection reaching basalis in lower half of its height. +Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, higher than long in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending nearly to 2/3 of metasoma length in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; subsequent terga with micropunctures, glabrous. Hypopygium with micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.6× as long as broad in ventral view, with short setae ventrally which do not extend beyond apex of spine. + +Body length 2.0– +2.3 mm +(n = 8). + + +Gall. +( +Figs 322–323 +). Small spangle leaf gall, +5 mm +across, somewhat star-shaped, flat against the leaf surface but with a central bump. Pale yellow with a darker centre when growing, becoming tan when mature. Typically multiple galls scattered across a single leaf. The same gall is depicted and described as an unknown species in +Russo (2006 +, +2021 +; informally called the disk gall wasp) and +Weld (1957 +, +Fig. 174 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces spangle leaf galls on + +Q. garryana + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +). Galls mature in November; adults emerge soon after under laboratory conditions. + + +This gall appears to be depicted in +Evans (1972) +in his +Figure 15 +; those galls were also collected from + +Q. garryana + +in the same area (southern Vancouver Island). Evans experimentally matched these asexual galls with the sexual generation of + +Liodora dumosae + +, but mistakenly called them + +A. pattersonae + +(which has been matched to a different sexual form, + +A. pedicellatus + +, using DNA evidence elsewhere in this study). Hence we hypothesise that + +F. rucklei + +may be the alternate asexual form of + +F. dumosae + +, but further DNA evidence is required to test this suggestion. + + + + +Distribution. +Canada +, +British Columbia +, Ruckle Provincial Park. It is the first record of this genus for + + +Canada +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFABFF8DFF8AA2E0FDA3FAD8.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFABFF8DFF8AA2E0FDA3FAD8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5a70415e71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFABFF8DFF8AA2E0FDA3FAD8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron roberti +Melika, Nicholls & Stone + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 300–310 + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +2910FEE6-43FD-443C-97DF-9A3963F3043D + + + + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “ +USA +, +AZ +, Cypress picnic area, Santa Catalina Mtns, +AZ226-232 +, spAZl4, galltype 80; ex + +Q. rugosa + +, + +2007.10.28 + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +” + +. + +PARATYPES +(28 asexual female +paratypes +) labeled as the +holotype +. The female +holotype +and +10 female +paratypes +are deposited in the +USNM + +, + +18 female +paratypes +in the +PHDNRL + +. + + + + +FIGURES 300–303. + +Feron roberti + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 300–302, head: 300, frontal view, 301, posterior view, 302, dorsal view; 303, antenna. + + + + +Etymology. +Named after Robert Melika, son of G. Melika. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females are members of the group of + +Feron +species + +characterised by having a body which is never black; the head is rounded or trapezoid to triangular in frontal view, ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes are parallel or very slightly converging ventrally, the transfacial distance is equal or longer than the height of eye; toruli are located above the mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space; lateral ocelli are smaller, OOL at least 2.5× as long as the diameter of the ocellus, if shorter, then the head and mesosoma are not yellowish or light brown; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points and the mesopleuron is entirely smooth; as in + +F. caepula + +(asex), + +F. rucklei + +(asex), + +F. serranoae + +(asex), + +F. stellare + +(asex), + +F. tecturnarum + +(asex) and some + +F. tibiale + +(asex). Nevertheless, + +F. roberti + +differs from all these species in having a trapezoid head; the gena is not broadened behind the eye; the transfacial distance is equal to the height of the eye and the antenna has 11 flagellomeres (see more characters at couplet +39 in +the key). + + + + +FIGURES 304–307. + +Feron roberti + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 304, mesosoma, lateral view. 305, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 306, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 307, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +Description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 300–309 +). Head, antennae, mesosoma, metasoma light brown to brown; mouthparts and legs lighter. Frons, interocellar area, postgena dark brown to black; mesosoma chestnut brown, without black patches on mesoscutum; metasoma dorsally dark brown to black. + +Head trapezoid, broadest part above toruli, slightly higher than broad and slightly broader than mesosoma in frontal view, with sparse setae, denser on lower face; 2.2× broader than long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space with a few delicate striae radiating from clypeus and not reaching eye; eye 2.4× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 2.1× as long as OOL, OOL slightly longer than diameter of lateral ocellus and subequal to LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance nearly equal to height of eye; toruli located above mid height of head, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.6x as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.1× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth, with dense white setae; slightly elevated median area alutaceous, with few setae. Clypeus trapezoid, broader than high, almost smooth, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and setae, areas between toruli and between torulus and eye also reticulate; interocellar area coriaceous. Vertex and occiput alutaceous, with white long setae; postocciput and postgena glabrous, alutaceous-reticulate, with concentric lines around occipital foramen and postgenal bridge; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 11 flagellomeres, pedicel longer than broad; flagellomeres subsequently broadening towards apical end; F1=F2 and 2.0× as long as pedicel; F2 1.2× as long as F3; F3=F4, F5=F6, F7 to F10 equal in length; F11 slightly longer than F10; placodeal sensilla on F5–F11, absent on F1–F4. + + +FIGURES 308–310. + +Feron roberti + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual generation. 308–309, asexual female: 308, fore wing, part, 309, metasoma, lateral view. 310, gall. + + +Mesosoma longer than high, with a few white setae, setae denser along propleura and on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum smooth, with delicate parallel striae only in dorso-posterior quarter and with sparse setae laterally; propleuron smooth, glabrous, with delicate transverse parallel striae ventrally. Mesoscutum predominantly reticulate, smooth between notauli on anterior 1/3 and along parapsidal lines; white setae sparse in posterior half, much denser in anterior half of mesoscutum which is slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae); piliferous points absent. Notaulus deep, complete, posteriorly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line present, smooth; parapsidal line marked with broad smooth, impressed area; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum elongated, longer than broad, broadest part in posterior 1/4 of its length, circumscutellar carina present; disk of mesoscutellum reticulate, dull rugose laterally and posteriorly, overhanging metanotum, with sparse long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae in the form of a transverse semilunar impression, only slightly broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, without central carina. Mesopleuron smooth, glabrous, with transverse longitudinal parallel delicate striae only on the most ventral part; mesopleural triangle smooth, with dense, long white setae, hiding the surface sculpture; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with dense white setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with parallel sides, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in lower 1/3 of its height; upper part of sulcus indistinct; lower part of sulcus delimiting smooth area with dense long white setae. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, higher than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with dense white setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent slightly outwards in posterior 1/3 of its height; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha with numerous sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct dense cilia on margin, veins light brown, radial cell open, 4.8× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, small, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct, its projection reaching basalis at half of its height. +Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 3/4 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, smooth, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth, without micropunctures. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 6.7× as long as broad in ventral view. + +Body length +1.8–2.3 mm +(n = 10). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 310 +). Pinkish leaf galls, turret-like with bristles all around, covered with more or less crystalline, fine, hair-like fibers, similar to + +F. sulfureum +, +F. tibiale + +and + +F. tubifaciens + +, however, in larger clusters (20+ galls) up to +20 mm +wide and +25–30 mm +long. + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces leaf galls on + +Q. rugosa + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +). Galls mature in the autumn dropping only with the leaf; adults emerge next year, in late March–April. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +, +Arizona +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB0FF67FF8AA168FDE8FD50.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB0FF67FF8AA168FDE8FD50.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e2cf14460ed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB0FF67FF8AA168FDE8FD50.xml @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron sulfureum +( +Weld, 1926 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 372–383 + + + + + + + +Diplolepis sulfurea +Weld, 1926: 33 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Andricus sulfureus +(Weld) + +: + +Weld 1951: 636 + +. + + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “Huachuca Mnts. Ariz.”, “Bess. Canon”, “ + +Q. arizonica + +”, “Cut out Dec. 3.19”, “910”, red label “Type No. 27193 +USNM +”, “ + +Diplolepis sulfureus +Weld + +” deposited in +USNM +, examined by GM. +Specimen +data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/33b71e4e4-8126-45ce-885e-8416e8853fd6. +According +to +Weld (1926) +the +paratype +is deposited at the +Leland Stanford Junior University +, +Stanford +, +California +(not examined by the authors). + + + +Additional material. + +14 asexual females “ +USA +, +AZ +, Chiricahua Mtns nr Portal, galltype 35, ex + +Q. arizonica +, AZ + +51, coll. + +2007.10.25 + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +”; +26 females + + +“ +USA +, +AZ +, Chiricahua Mtns, western side, ex + +Q. arizonica +, AZ + +50, coll. + +2007.10.25 + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +”; +14 females + + +“ +USA +, +AZ +, +Chiricahua Mtns +summit, +AZ49 +, ex + +Q. arizonica + +, coll. + +2007.10.25 + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +” + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females together with + +F. pattersonae + +(asex) and + +F. crystallinum + +(asex), belong to a group of + +Feron +species + +in which the pronotum has dense setae and piliferous points, without carinae laterally; the mesoscutum is dark brown between notauli in anterior 1/3 of the mesoscutum length. Differs from + +F. pattersonae + +in the trapezoid head in frontal view (ovate in + +F. pattersonae + +) and mesoscutellar foveae are separated by a central carina (fused in + +F. pattersonae + +). The morphologically most similar species is + +F. crystallinum + +but in + +F. sulfureum + +the pronotum is smooth, without piliferous points and all flagellomeres are uniformly broad; for other characters see couplet +26 in +the key. + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 372–382 +). Head, antennae, mesosoma, metasoma dark brown; mouthparts light brown. Frons, interocellar area, central elevated area on lower face, gena behind eye, postgena, postocciput black; propleura, mesoscutum between notauli in anterior 2/3 of mesoscutum length and stripes along parapsidal lines black; metasoma dorsally always darker, dark brown to black. Legs brown, with black coxae. + +Head trapezoid, broadest part above toruli, slightly higher than broad and slightly broader than mesosoma in frontal view, with sparse setae, denser on lower face; 2.2× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space with a few delicate striae radiating from clypeus and not reaching eye; eye 3.8× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 1.5× as long as OOL, OOL slightly longer than diameter of lateral ocellus and shorter than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance nearly equal to height of eye; toruli located above mid height of head, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.5× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.1× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face alutaceous, with dense white setae; slightly elevated median area alutaceous-reticulate, with a few setae. Clypeus quadrangular, only slightly broader than high, delicately coriaceous, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and setae, areas between toruli and between torulus and eye also alutaceous; interocellar area delicately coriaceous. Vertex and occiput reticulate, with white long setae; postocciput and postgena alutaceous-reticulate, with concentric lines around occipital foramen and postgenal bridge; posterior tentorial pit large, ovate, area below impressed; occipital foramen higher than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 11 flagellomeres (in some specimens, antenna with 12 flagellomeres, with a distinct suture between F12 and F11), pedicel longer than broad; F1 slightly longer than F2 and 2.0× as long as pedicel; F2=F3=F4, F5=F6, F7 to F10 equal in length; F11 longer than F10; placodeal sensilla on F4–F11. + + +FIGURES 372–376. + +Feron sulfureum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 372–375, head: 372, frontal view, 373, posterior view, 374, dorsal view, 375, lateral view. 376, antenna. + + + + +FIGURES 377–380. + +Feron sulfureum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 377, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. 378, mesosoma, lateral view. 379, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 380, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + +Mesosoma longer than high, with few white setae, setae denser along propleuron and on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum smooth, without striae, with dense setae laterally, without piliferous points; propleuron smooth, with dense setae. Mesoscutum predominantly delicately coriaceous, smooth in between notauli in anterior 1/3 and along parapsidal lines; with white sparse setae and distinct piliferous points, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, slightly converging posteriorly; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line in the form of short, delicately impressed smooth stripes; parapsidal line marked with broad smooth, impressed area; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum elongated, longer than broad, broadest part in posterior 1/4 of its length, circumscutellar carina present; disk of mesoscutellum reticulate, dull rugose laterally and posteriorly, overhanging metanotum, with sparse long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae transverse, broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, with elevated coriaceous triangular central carina. Mesopleuron entirely smooth, glabrous, without striae, with a few long white setae along ventral edge; mesopleural triangle smooth, with dense, long white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with dense white setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with parallel sides, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height; upper and lower parts of sulcus distinct, delimiting smooth areas with dense long white setae. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, higher than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with dense white setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, with a few irregular short rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, slightly bent outwards in posterior 1/3 of its height; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae and few visible piliferous points. Nucha with numerous sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 381–383. + +Feron sulfureum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 381–382, asexual female: 381, fore wing, part, 382, metasoma, lateral view. 383, galls. + + +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with short cilia on margin, veins dark brown, radial cell open, 4.2× as long as broad; R1 nearly reaching wing margin, Rs reach wing margin; areolet triangular, small, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct, its projection reaching basalis in lower 1/3 of its height. +Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 3/4 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga and hypopygium without micropunctures. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.5× as long as broad in ventral view, with few short white setae ventrally. + +Body length +1.8–2.3 mm +(n = 10). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 383 +). A hollow cone, sessile at base and open at apex, densely covered with long sulphur-yellow spines, on under surface of leaf, single or scattered, sometimes as many as nine on a leaf but usually only one to three. The cone is up to +7 mm +high by +4 mm +in diameter at base, with a crystalline surface, white or rosy when growing, the spines up to +4 mm +long and often rosy at the tip. The larval cell lies transversely just below the middle of gall and below it is a small obconical cavity reaching to point of attachment. The lower part of the large distal cavity above larval cell is constricted by a narrow circular shelf. + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on multiple oaks fromsection + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +: + +Q. arizonica + +, + +Q. grisea + +and + +Q. oblongifolia +. + +Galls mature in the autumn dropping only with the leaf; adults emerge in late March-April. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +, +Arizona +only. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB5FF9BFF8AA4B2FE70FD18.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB5FF9BFF8AA4B2FE70FD18.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1621153600c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB5FF9BFF8AA4B2FE70FD18.xml @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron stellulum +( +Burnett, 1974 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 367–371 + + + + + + + +Andricus stellulus +Burnett, 1974: 299 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “Cajon Pass, +San Bernardino Co. +, +CA +. 12.1974. Host: + +Quercus dumosa + +; emerged + +II-19-1974 + +. +J.A. Burnett Coll. +”, “ + +Andricus stellulus + +det. by +J. Burnett +”, red label “ +Holotype +”, red label “Type No. 15448 +USNM +”, handwriting label “ + +Andricus stellulus +Burnett + +” deposited in +USNM +, not examined. Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/3f622315a-cbf9-4fb2-9eb6-c3694b2219c0. + + + + + +FIGURES 367–369. + +Feron stellulum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 367, general habitus, dorsal view, 368, general habitus, lateral view, 369, head and antenna, frontal view (pictures taken from the holotype deposited at the USNM by M. Buffington). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +characterised by a body which is not black; the head is rounded or trapezoid to triangular in frontal view, ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes parallel or very slightly converging ventrally, the transfacial distance is equal to or longer than the height of eye; toruli are located above the mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space; lateral ocelli smaller, OOL at least 2.5× as long as the diameter of the ocellus, if shorter then the head and mesosoma are not yellowish or light brown; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points and the mesopleuron in the mid-height with transverse reliculate-carinate band; as in + +F. gigas + +(asex), + +F. parmula + +(asex), + +F. syndicorum + +(asex) and some specimens of + +F. tibiale + +(asex). Differs from + +F. tibiale + +and + +F. syndicorum + +in having the gena which is not broadened behind the eye in frontal view. Differs from + +F. parmula + +in that the malar space has a few delicate striae radiating from the clypeus, mesoscutellar foveae defined and the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium 4.5× as long as broad in ventral view; see more characters at couplet +37 in +the key. The most morphologically similar species is + +F. gigas + +but + +F. stellulum + +has the antenna with 11 flagellomeres ( +12 in + +F. gigas + +), the eye 2.7× as high as the length of malar space (shorter in + +F. gigas + +), veins are brown (lighter in + +F. gigas + +), areolet present (absent in + +F. gigas + +) and the central propodeal area with rugae (without rugae in + +F. gigas + +). + + +Re-description. +After +Burnett (1974) +; the images ( +Figs 367–370 +) can also be consulted at: http://n +2t +.net/ark:/ 65665/3f622315a-cbf9-4fb2-9eb6-c3694b2219c0. + + + +FIGURES 370–371. + +Feron stellulum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 370, general habitus, lateral view (pictures taken from the holotype deposited at the USNM by M. Buffington). 371, gall (image courtesy J. Gross). + + + +Head and mesosoma rufescent to yellow brown; antenna with black flagellomeres, legs yellowish brown; metasoma brown. Head coriaceous, transverse in dorsal view, as broad as mesosoma. Occiput flat, gena not broadened behind eyes; vertex slightly projected above as a truncate cone, base laterally extended to ocular sutures, several small humps in area of dorsal ocelli. Malar space 0.37× of eye height, with a few striae radiating from clypeus, malar sulcus absent. Interocellar area broader than high. Antenna filiform, with 11 flagellomeres, F1 longer than F2. Mesonotum coriaceous, with scattered setae; notaulus complete, broader posteriorly; median mesoscutal line absent, parapsidal lines marked with smooth stripes. Mesoscutellum with setae, disc reticulate, longer than broad. Mesoscutellar foveae smooth, partly striate, smooth and shining below. Tarsal claws with strong basal lobe. Propodeal carinae bent outwards, central propodeal area darker than rest of propodeum, glabrous, slightly rugose. Fore wing hyaline, pubescent, with dense cilia on margin, veins brown, radial cell open, 4.0× as long as broad, areolet distinct, Rs and R1 not reaching wing margin. Metasoma as high as long, as long as head+mesosoma; 2nd metasomal tergum with setae anterolaterally, micropunctate, subsequent terga with micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 4.5× as long as broad in ventral view. Body length +1.5–2.2 mm +. + + +Gall +( +Fig. 371 +). Leaf gall. Monolocular and can be found on both sides of the leaves. Disk shaped ( +1.6-2.3 mm +in diameter) with some points around the perimeter but erected on a long and slender pedicel, usually slightly broadening towards apex. The gall is almost twice as high as the diameter of the disk ( +2.3–5.6 mm +in height). The surface is shiny and glabrous of a reddish colour, the pedicel is crimson, and the disk is rufous. Galls are found attached either to a secondary vein of the leaf blade or occasionally to the midrib, mature galls are typically associated with a brown necrosis around the point of attachment which extends laterally to the leaf-blade margin. Emergence holes made by the gall wasp are usually found in the lateral part of the gall disc ( +Burnett 1974 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, inducing galls on + +Q. dumosa + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +); adults start to emerge from February. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: CA. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB9FF9FFF8AA6DCFD6EF808.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB9FF9FFF8AA6DCFD6EF808.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4facd67ff67 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFB9FF9FFF8AA6DCFD6EF808.xml @@ -0,0 +1,335 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron stellare +( +Weld, 1926 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 354–366 + + + + + + + +Andricus stellaris +Weld, 1926: 84 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: Asexual female “ +Sequoia Nat. Park +, Cal.”, “ + +Q. garryana + +”, “1783”, red label “Type No. 27215 +USNM +”, “ + +Andricus stellaris +Weld + +” deposited in +USNM +, examined by GM. Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/303039ff4-e0fe-4064-be9c-dbe097c266ba. + + + + + +Additional material +. + +Asexual females. +One female +, designated as voucher specimen, compared with +types +at the +USNM +, by GM, labeled as “ +USA +, +California +, +Round Valley +, +CA1174 +, galltype 119; + +Q. garryana + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +, + +2006.02.09 + +”; +one female +“ +USA +, +California +, +Dye Creek +Preserve, +CA1169 +, galltype 135; + +Q. douglasii + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +” + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +in which the body is not black; the head is rounded in frontal view with a smooth and shining slightly elevated median area of lower face; the gena at least slightly broadened behind the eye; ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes are parallel or very slightly converging ventrally; the transfacial distance is longer than height of the eye; the antenna with 12 flagellomeres, sometimes suture between F11 and F12 incomplete; toruli are located above the mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space; lateral ocelli are smaller, OOL at least 2.5× as long as the diameter of the ocellus, if shorter then the head and mesosoma are not yellowish or light brown; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum is alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points; mesoscutellar foveae divided by a central carina; the mesopleuron is entirely smooth; as in + +F. bakkeri + +(asex), + +F. caepula + +(asex), + +F. rucklei + +(asex), and + +F. scutellum + +(asex). Nevertheless, this species differs from + +F. caepula + +in the brown body colour, sometimes with darker marks and parallel eyes, while + +F. caepula + +is yellowish to light brown with eyes strongly convergent ventrally. Differs from + +F. bakkeri + +in having mesoscutellar foveae conspicuous and smooth, while inconspicuous and faintly rugose in + +F. bakkeri + +. Differs from + +F. scutellum + +in the coarsely rugose mesoscutellar disk, while it is faintly reticulated and with a median elevated area in + +F. scutellum + +. The most similar species is + +F. rucklei + +but differs in the antennae having the first flagellomeres lighter than subsequent ones, the notaulus is incomplete, mesoscutellar foveae delimited posteriorly by a strong black carina, and metasoma without micropunctures. + + + +FIGURES 354–359. + +Feron stellare + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 354–357, head: 354, frontal view, 355, posterior view, 356, dorsal view, 357, lateral view. 358, antenna. 359, mesosoma, frontal view. + + + + +FIGURES 360–363. + +Feron stellare + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 360, mesosoma, lateral view. 361, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 362, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 363, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 354–365 +). Head, antennae, mouthparts, mesosoma, metasoma dark brown, with darker mesoscutellum and propodeum; legs slightly lighter than body. + +Head rounded with white setae on lower face, occiput, postocciput and postgena, slightly broader than high and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; 1.7× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view, slightly narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space with a few striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; eye 2.7× as high as length of malar space; malar sulcus absent. Inner margins of eyes slightly converging ventrally. POL 1.7× as long as OOL, OOL 2.7× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly longer than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of the same size. Transfacial distance 1.2× longer than height of eye; toruli located in the upper half of head and frons distinctly shorter than lower face; diameter of antennal torulus 1.4× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye slightly longer than diameter of torulus; lower face smooth with white setae and piliferous points; slightly elevated median area smooth, area between toruli reticulate. Clypeus rectangular, broader than high, delicately coriaceous, with a few long setae scattered all over; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit small, rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex, occiput uniformly reticulate, without striae and setae; area under central ocellus impressed, smooth, glabrous; postocciput and postgena alutaceous, with few setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into distinct postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres (suture between F12 and F11 not always distinct but present); all flagellomeres with dense setae; pedicel 1.6x as long as broad; F1 2.3× as long as pedicel and 1.4× as long as F2; F2=F3=F4, F5=F6, subsequent flagellomeres gradually shorter, F12 slightly shorter than F11; placodeal sensilla white on F6–F12. +Mesosoma as long as high, with a few setae. Pronotum smooth, glabrous dorsally; laterally coriaceous, with denser setae on the anterior margin and delicate striae along posterior edge; propleuron smooth, with sparse white setae. Mesoscutum longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae), uniformly aluraceous-reticulate; with scattered white setae. Notaulus incomplete, not impressed in anterior 1/4, deep in posterior 3/4 of mesoscutum length, posteriorly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum. Anterior parallel line nearly absent, indicated only by some smooth areas; parapsidal line narrow, impressed, extending to half-length of mesoscutum; parascutal carina narrow, anteriorly reaching notaulus; median mesoscutal line in the form of a short smooth triangle. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, longer than broad, with subparallel sides, broadest part in posterior 1/3; circumscutellar carina broad, distinct laterally and posteriorly; mesoscutellum rugoso-coriaceous, overhanging metanotum, with long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae ovate, broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, delimited all around by distinct black carina. Mesopleuron entirely smooth, with setae denser along ventral edge; mesopleural triangle smooth, with dense white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, glabrous, without setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron above half of its height, on lower part sulcus delimiting smooth, glabrous area with dense setae; upper part of sulcus indistinct. Metascutellum coriaceous, 2.0x as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with dense setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous; lateral propodeal carinae strong, broad and high, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long white setae. Nucha with net of numerous irregular rugae. Tarsal claws with acute basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct dense cilia on margin, veins light brown, radial cell open, 4.5× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, small, closed and indistinct. Rs+M indistinct, invisible. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, slightly higher than long in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to half-length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga and hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 6.3× as long as broad in ventral view. + +Body length +1.7–2.1 mm +(n = 3). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 366 +). A hemispherical gall, +3–4 mm +in diameter and +2 mm +high, covered with short, blunt crystalline protuberances with a circle of 12–15 longer, broad projections at the base, attached singly or scattered in small numbers on the underside of the leaf. The galls are yellowish-white, often tinged with red. The larval cell lies transversely in the very base of the gall and above it is a cavity above which the crystalline wall of the upper part of the gall is very thick ( +Weld 1926 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces leaf galls on + +Q. douglasii + +and + +Q. garryana + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +) in autumn, the adults emerge the next spring in March ( +Weld 1926 +). + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: +California +( +Burks 1979 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFBDFF92FF8AA4D8FBA0FB8C.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFBDFF92FF8AA4D8FBA0FB8C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e8d2917a0b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFBDFF92FF8AA4D8FBA0FB8C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron splendens +( +Weld, 1919 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 342–353 + + + + + + + +Andricus splendens +Weld 1919: 254 + + +, female, gall. + + + +Types examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: Asexual female “Prescott, Ariz”, “15627a Hopk. +U.S. +”, red label “Type”, red label “Type No. 22328 +USNM +”, handwriting Weld’s label “ + +Andricus splendens +Weld + +”. deposited at the +USNM +, examined by GM. Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/327ad3c5f-f34f-45a5-8c8c-e073f017201a. In the general collection in the +AMNH +a few dozen +paratypes +and thousands of +non-type specimens +of adults and galls are deposited + +. +Paratypes +and some non-paratype specimens were also examined by GM. + + + + +FIGURES 342–347. + +Feron splendens + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 342–345, head: 342, frontal view, 343, posterior view, 344, dorsal view, 345, lateral view. 346, antenna. 347, mesosoma, frontal view. + + + + +Additional material. +Six asexual females and galls “Hillsboro, N.M., gall 12.26.19”, “ + +Q. grisea +Kinsey + +coll.”; + +4 females +and galls “Canatlan, 7N, Dgo 7400’ Mex., galls 11.9.31., females 4.30.32.”, “ + +Q. undata +Kinsey + +coll.” + +; + +two females +“Sta. Izabel 6E, Chi. 6000’, Mex., galls 10.24.31, +547 females +4.21.32., + +Q. undata +Kinsey + +coll.” + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +without a black body; the head is quadrangular or ovate in frontal view, with ocelli elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes are parallel or very slightly converging ventrally, the transfacial distance is equal to or longer than the height of the eye; toruli are located above mid-height of eyes; the eye less than 3.0× as high as the length of malar space; lateral ocelli are large, OOL subequal or at most 1.7× as long as the diameter of ocellus; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points; as in + +F. vitreum + +(asex) and + +F. verutum + +(asex). Differs from + +F. vitreum + +in having the F1 subequal to or slightly longer than scape+pedicel and the transfacial distance longer than the height of eye. Differs from + +F. verutum + +in having a mesoscutum with some delicate transverse striae on its anterior part between notauli, anterior parallel lines indistinct and the mesoscutellar foveae separated by a broad carina. See other characters at couplet +33 in +the key. + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 342–352 +). Head, antenna, mesosoma, legs rusty brown; metasoma slightly darker. + + + +FIGURES 348–351. + +Feron splendens + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 348, mesosoma, lateral view. 349, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 350, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 351, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + +Head transverse, 1.2× as broad as high in frontal view, with sparse setae, denser on lower face; 1.9× as broad as long in dorsal view; head as broad as mesosoma in frontal view. Gena reticulated, only very slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view, slightly narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, shining, with delicate striae radiating from clypeus and nearly reaching eye, malar sulcus absent; eye 2.1× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 2.0× as long as OOL, OOL 1.5× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and 1.2× as long as LOL, all ocelli ovate, central ocellus slightly bigger than lateral ocellus. Transfacial distance 1.2× as long as height of eye; torulus located slightly above mid height of eye, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.6× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.1× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face delicately coriaceous, with sparse white setae; slightly elevated median area delicately coriaceous, with a few setae. Clypeus trapezoid, as broad as high, alutaceous, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, emarginate and with delicate median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, large, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons delicately coriaceous to reticulate, without striae and with a few setae, small triangular area under central ocellus reticulated; areas between toruli and between torulus and eye reticulate; interocellar area delicately coriaceous to reticulate. Vertex, occiput, postgena delicately coriaceous to reticulate, with white long setae; postocciput smooth, glabrous; posterior tentorial pit large, elongate, area below impressed, glabrous; occipital foramen 2.0× as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus; postgenal sulcus indistinct, bent outwards reaching posterior tentorial pit, and postgenal bridge unusually broad. Head posteriorly with black narrow stripes. Antenna slightly longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres, distal half slightly darker; pedicel slightly longer than broad; F1 2.2× as long as pedicel and slightly longer than F2; F2 slightly longer than F3, F3=F4, F4 slightly longer than F5, F5=F6, F7 and subsequent flagellomeres until F10 nearly equal in length, F11 slightly shorter than F12; placodeal sensilla on F4–F12. + + +FIGURES 352–353. + +Feron splendens + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 352, asexual female, metasoma, lateral view. 353, galls (image courtesy of J. Gross). + + +Mesosoma 1.2× as long as high, with sparse white setae. Pronotum smooth, with sparse setae, with delicate parallel concentric striae laterally; propleuron delicately coriaceous, without setae (propleuron absent in the figures). Mesoscutum alutaceous to reticulate alongside notauli, smooth, glabrous in posterior half between notauli and with some delicate transverse striae in anterior part between notauli; with sparse white setae; slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, distinctly impressed along entire length, with smooth bottom, slightly converging posteriorly; anterior parallel line indistinct, invisible; parapsidal line distinct, marked with narrow impressed smooth glabrous stripes; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina narrow, extending to level of tegula. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, slightly longer than broad; disk of mesoscutellum uniformly dull rugose, slightly overhanging metanotum, with a few setae. Mesoscutellar foveae ovate, slightly broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, divided by triangular coriaceous central elevated area. Mesopleuron and speculum entirely smooth, with setae in posteroventral quarter; mesopleural triangle smooth, with numerous short white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with dense white setae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with parallel sides, slightly elevated, triangular in most posterior part and as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height, upper part of sulcus distinct, lower part of sulcus separating smooth, glabrous area, with dense setae. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, higher than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with dense setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae and piliferous points. Nucha with net of irregular rugae dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws toothed, with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with short dense cilia on margin, veins distinct, brown, radial cell open, 4.0× as long as broad; R1 and Rs not reaching wing margin; areolet and Rs+M indistinct, its projection reaching basalis at its half height. +Metasoma slightly longer than head+mesosoma,higher than long in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 of metasoma length in dorsal view, with dense short white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth, shining, without micropunctures; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.8× as long as broad in ventral view, with a few short setae ventrally. + +Body length +1.3–2.4 mm +(n = 10). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 353 +). Single or scattered on the underside of leaf. Cylindrical with ends and middle slightly swollen, 2.0 mm in diameter and +3–5 mm +high, with a crystalline appearance, covered with short stout blunt spines from which run faint decurrent ridges. Sessile, often lop-sided, spines more numerous on basal third. The gall is rosy red with a straw yellow band around the middle and some yellow at either end. The basal third is solid, with a thin-walled larval cell in the middle of the gall while the distal third or more is tubular with a slightly flared open end. The exit hole is in the hollow portion ( +Weld 1919 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces leaf galls on + +Q. grisea + +, + +Q. turbinella + +, and +Q. +x + +undata + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +). Galls mature in late autumn; the larvae transform to adults in autumn but remain in the gall all winter and emerge the following spring in April–May. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: AZ, NM ( +Burks 1979 +); +Mexico +: +Chihuahua +, +Durango +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFBEFF96FF8AA0F8FB98F9BF.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFBEFF96FF8AA0F8FB98F9BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c2c632b2af2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFBEFF96FF8AA0F8FB98F9BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron serranoae +Pujade-Villar & Cuesta-Porta + +, +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 329–341 + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +ED36C50E-D377-4148-B4A8-87497FB7C48C + + + + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “ +Mexico +(Code 171), Sierra de Guadalupe (MEX), ex + +Quercus +sp. + +, ( + +10.i.2013 + +) + +15.i–15.ii.2013 + +, leg. +M. Serrano +& +A. Villegas +(Miriam-323)” ( +UB +) + +. + +PARATYPES +(9 asexual females): labelled as the +holotype +( +3 females +at +PHDNRL +, +6 females +at +UB +) + +. + + + + +Etymology. +Species dedicated to Miriam Serrano Muñoz, the student who collected the galls. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females are part of the + +Feron + +group characterised by never having a black body; head transversely ovate in frontal view; the gena at least slightly broadened behind the eye; antennae with 12 flagellomeres; lateral sides of pronotum longitudinally striated at least on posterior half, rest of pronotum alutaceous, matte; mesoscutum coarsely reticulated; mesopleuron finely striated to alutaceous on anterior margin; as in + +F. tecturnarum + +(asex), + +F +. +tetyanae + +(asex) and part of + +F. tibiale + +(asex). + +Feron serranoae + +differs from these asexual forms in its long mesoscutellum, 1.3× as long as broad and margined by a strong circumscutellar carina, while in the other species the mesoscutellum is only slightly longer than broad and the circumscutellar carina is absent. + + + + +Description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 329–340 +). Head, and mesosoma reddish brown; metasoma reddish brown to dark brown, antennae slightly darker distally. + +Head trapezoid in frontal view, broadest part level with halfway up eye, with sparse setae, denser on lower face; 2.1× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous, not or only very slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view in small specimens, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space with a few delicate striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; eye 2.3× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 1.3× as long as OOL, OOL 2.5× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and 1.6× as long as LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance 1.2× as long as height of eye; toruli located slightly above mid height of head, frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.5× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.3× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth, with dense white setae; slightly elevated median area alutaceous, with few setae. Clypeus trapezoid, broader than high, alutaceous, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons uniformly reticulate, without striae and with few setae, areas between toruli and between torulus and eye also alutaceous; interocellar area reticulate. Vertex, occiput, postgena alutaceous, with white long setae; postocciput alutaceous-reticulate, with concentric lines around occipital foramen and postgenal bridge; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 11 flagellomeres (some specimens with 12 flagellomeres with a distinct suture between F12 and F11), F6 until F11–F12 gradually broadening towards apical end, pedicel slightly longer than broad; F1 1.5× as long as pedicel and 1.2× as long as F2; F2=F3=F4, F5 to F10 nearly equal in length, F11 longer than F10; placodeal sensilla on F5–F11. + + +FIGURES 329–334. + +Feron serranoae + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 329–332, head: 329, frontal view, 330, posterior view, 331, dorsal view, 332, lateral view; 333, antenna. 334, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. + + +Mesosoma slightly longer than high, with sparse white setae, except for dense setae on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum striate, propleuron alutaceous, glabrous. Mesoscutum reticulate, smooth along parapsidal lines with sparse white setae, slightly broader than long (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, deep, bottom smooth, posteriorly broader and slightly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line distinct, in the form of a bare, smooth stripe, extending to half-length of mesoscutum; parapsidal line distinct, marked with broad impressed smooth glabrous stripes; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum ovate, slightly longer than broad, circumscutellar carina present; disk of mesoscutellum alutaceous with fine rugae, overhanging metanotum, with sparse setae. Mesoscutellar foveae shallow, fused, with smooth, glabrous bottom, occupying at least 1/3 of mesoscutellum length. Mesopleuron smooth, with setae in antero- and posteroventral part, and fine striae along anterior margin; mesopleural triangle smooth, with numerous short white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with dense white setae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height, upper part of sulcus distinct, lower part of sulcus separating smooth, glabrous area, with dense setae. Metascutellum alutaceous to smooth, glabrous, 3.0x as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with some setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, with irregular interrupted rugae at the base in large specimens; lateral propodeal carinae strong, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long dense white setae. Nucha with numerous sulci dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 335–338. + +Feron serranoae + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual female. 335, mesosoma, lateral view. 336, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 337, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 338, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 339–341. + +Feron serranoae + +, + +sp. nov. + +, asexual generation. 339–340, asexual female: 339, fore wing, 340, metasoma, lateral view. 341, galls. + + +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with distinct dense cilia on margin, veins dark brown, radial cell open, 4.2× as long as broad; R1 and Rs not reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct, its projection reaching basalis slightly above mid height. +Metasoma as long as head+mesosoma, higher than long than in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 of metasoma length in dorsal view, with short white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth, glabrous, without micropunctures. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 6.5× as long as broad in ventral view, with some short setae ventrally which do not extend beyond apex of spine. + +Body length +1.7–2.2 mm +(n = 5). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 341 +). Brownish rounded unilocular galls on the underside of leaves, with an apical hole. Up to +6-8 mm +in diameter. + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on an unidentified white oak + +Quercus +sp. + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +). The gall was found mature in January and the adults emerged soon after. + + + + +Distribution. +Only known from Sierra de Guadalupe, +Mexico +State ( +Mexico +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFE9FFCEFF8AA01CFD85FEC8.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFE9FFCEFF8AA01CFD85FEC8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d9a8043f1e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFE9FFCEFF8AA01CFD85FEC8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,301 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron californicum +( +Beutenmueller, 1911 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 84–96 + + + + + + + +Philonix californica +Beutenmueller, 1911: 69 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Biorhiza californica +(Beutenmueller) + +: + +Fullaway, 1911: 334 + +. + + + + + +Trichoteras californicum +(Beutenmueller) + +: + +Weld, 1951: 625 + +. + + + + +Andricus californicum +(Beutenmueller) + +: +Melika & Abrahamson, 2002 +. + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “5541…”, “ +Kern Co. +I.XI.92. Cala”, “ +Coquilletti +coll.”, red label, “Type No. 13722 +USNM +”, handwriting label “ + +Philonix californica +Beutnm. + +” deposited in +USNM +, examined by GM. + + + +Additional material. + +One female +labeled as “Sta Barbara Nat. For. Cal., Liebre Sum-t.”, “ + +Q. +dumosa + +”, “cut out Novem. 10”, Weld’s handwriting label “ + +Trichoteras californicum +(Beutm.) + +” + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The only + +Feron +species + +with rudimentary fore wings and indistinct veins. + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 84–95 +). Head, antennae, mesosoma, metasoma uniformly rusty brown; legs slightly lighter. + +Head delicately coriaceous, frons rugoso-coriaceous, with sparse setae on lower face and postgena, slightly higher than broad and slightly broader than mesosoma in frontal view; 1.9× as broad as long in dorsal view. Broadest part of head in frontal view at mid-height of head. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye; gena in lateral view at least 2.0× narrower than transverse diameter of eye at the dorsal part of eye; ventral part of gena 2.0× broader than dorsal part. Malar space alutaceous, with striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; eye 2.2× as high as length of malar space; malar sulcus absent. Inner margins of eyes only slightly converging ventrally. POL 2.5× as long as OOL, OOL 3.2× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and nearly equal to LOL, lateral ocelli small, black, central ocellus light brown, at least 2.0× as large as lateral ocellus. Antennal toruli located above mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.4× as long as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus equal to distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.3× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face alutaceous to delicately coriaceous, with white setae; slightly elevated median area delicately coriaceous, glabrous, without setae; area between torulus and eye with delicate striae. Clypeus impressed, quadrangular, as broad as high, delicately coriaceous, with a few setae scattered all over; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, deep, epistomal sulcus broad and deep, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex, occiput uniformly reticulate, with a few delicate striae and setae; area under central ocellus impressed, smooth, glabrous; postocciput glabrous, with numerous delicate longitudinal interrupted parallel striae; postgena smooth, with few setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen slightly shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulci which diverge until occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres (suture between F11 and F12 indistinct), flagellomeres gradually broadened towards apex, pedicel longer than broad, F1 as long as scape+pedicel, 1.3× as long as F2, F2 slightly longer than F3, F3=F4, F5 slightly shorter than F4, subsequent flagellomeres gradually shorter, F12 slightly shorter than F11; placodeal sensilla on F5–F12. + + +FIGURES 84–89. + +Feron californicum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 84–87, head: 84, frontal view, 85, dorsal view, 86, lateral view, 87, posterior view. 88, antenna. 89, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. + + + + +FIGURES 90–93. + +Feron californicum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 90, mesosoma, lateral view. 91, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 92, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 93, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + +Mesosoma higher than long, with rare setae. Pronotum delicately coriaceous, with some striae laterally, with sparse setae; propleuron coriaceous, with sparse, scattered setae. Mesoscutum longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae), uniformly coriaceous-reticulate. Notaulus complete, deep, posteriorly strongly converging and broader than anteriorly, with smooth, glabrous bottom; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line and parapsidal line indistinct, hardly traceable; median mesoscutal line narrow but distinct; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, longer than broad, broadest part in posterior 1/3; disc of mesoscutellum uniformly rugose, only just overhanging metanotum, with a few long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae only slightly broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, well-delimited all around by strong carina, divided by an elevated narrow carina. Mesopleuron delicately coriaceous, with transverse delicate striae at mid height, with setae only along ventral edge; mesopleural triangle smooth, with dense white setae and piliferous points; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in upper 1/3 of mesopleuron height, lower part delimiting delicately coriaceous area with a few setae, upper part of sulcus indistinct. Metascutellum rugose-coriaceous, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae strong, broad and high, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area alutaceous to smooth, with long white setae and piliferous points. Nucha with irregular short rugae dorsally and laterally. Tarsal claws with small basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 94–96. + +Feron californicum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, 94–95, asexual female: 94, fore wing, 95, metasoma, lateral view. 96, galls (fresh gall images courtesy of J. Gross). + + +Fore wing rudimentary, as long as head+mesosoma but not reaching the middle of the metasoma, with indistinct veins. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, more than 2.0× as high as mesosoma in lateral view; all metasomal tergites smooth, glabrous, 2nd metasomal tergum extending to half-length of metasoma in dorsal view, with white setae anterolaterally, sparse micropunctures only dorsally; all subsequent terga and hypopygium without micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 5.8× as long as broad in ventral view. + +Body length +2.1 mm +(n = 1). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 96 +). The monolocular spangle leaf gall is on the upper surface of the leaves, rounded, flattened disc-like, slightly elevated toward the middle, pinkish or purplish, with the apex sometimes yellowish. Sides of the gall are flat and very thin; the larval chamber is in the central elevated part; the diameter of the gall is +3–4 mm +, height +1 mm +( +Beutenmueller 1911 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on + +Q. cornelius-mulleri + +, + +Q. douglasii + +and + +Q. dumosa + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +). The gall matures by November and the adult emerges in January. +Distribution. +USA +: +California +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFEDFFC2FF8AA110FCE4FDCC.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFEDFFC2FF8AA110FCE4FDCC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..928bf6d5468 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFEDFFC2FF8AA110FCE4FDCC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,326 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron caepula +( +Weld, 1926 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 72–83 + + + + + + + +Diplolepis caepula +Weld, 1926: 19 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Andricus caepula +(Weld) + +: + +Weld, 1951: 632 + +. + + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “Hillsboro, N.M., April 25”, “ + +Quercus pungens + +”, red label “Type No. 27187 +USNM +”, “ + +Diplolepis caepula +Weld + +” deposited in +USNM +, examined by GM. Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/3157da14c-7171-49c8-a07e-672605fcd699. + + + +Additional material. + +Five females +labelled as “ +USA +, +Arizona +, + +25miles +S of Flagstaff + +on I17, + +Q. turbinella + +; +Code +AZ798 +, galltype 95, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +, + +2007.10.31 + +.” + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females; as with + +F. bakkeri + +(asex), + +F. rucklei + +(asex) and + +F. stellare + +(asex) the body is never black, the head is rounded in frontal view, slightly elevated median area of the lower face smooth, shining; the gena at least slightly broadened behind the eye; ocelli are not elevated above the frons; the transfacial distance is longer than the height of eye; the antenna with 12 flagellomeres, sometimes suture between F11 and F12 incomplete; toruli are located above the mid-height of the eye; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space; lateral ocelli smaller, OOL at least 2.5× as long as the diameter of ocellus if shorter, then the head and mesosoma are not yellowish or light brown; the pronotum laterally with longitudinal carinae; the mesoscutum is alutaceous to coriaceous, rugose-reticulate, reticulate, without piliferous points; mesoscutellar foveae divided by a central carina; and the mesopleuron is entirely smooth. Nevertheless, + +F. caepula + +differs from those species in its yellowish to light brown body, eyes strongly converging ventrally; eye 3.0× as high as length of malar space; central part of mesoscutellum smooth; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium around 3.8× as long as broad in ventral view. + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 72–82 +). Head, mesosoma, mandibles, mouthparts, antennae, legs and metasoma uniformly light brown; head with dark brown small spots near ocelli; central propodeal area and last terga dark brown to black; legs slightly lighter than body. + +Head alutaceous, with sparse setae on lower face and postgena; 1.1× as broad as high and slightly narrower than mesosoma in frontal view; 1.9x as broad as long in dorsal view. Broadest part of head in frontal view at mid-height of lower face. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, only slightly broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye; gena in lateral view at least 2.0× narrower than transverse diameter of eye in the dorsal part of eye; ventral part of gena 2.0× as broad as dorsal part. Malar space alutaceous, with striae radiating from clypeus and reaching to half-length of malar space; eye 3.0× as high as length of malar space; malar sulcus absent. Inner margins of eyes strongly converging ventrally. POL 1.7× as long as OOL, OOL 2.7× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly longer than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of the same size. Antennal toruli located above mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.25× as long as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 1.8× as great as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.5× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth with white setae; slightly elevated median area and area between toruli smooth and shining, without setae. Clypeus impressed, trapezoid, broader than high, delicately coriaceous, with a few setae scattered all over; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, deep, epistomal sulcus broad and deep, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex uniformly reticulate, without striae and setae; area under central ocellus impressed, smooth, glabrous; occiput alutaceous, with dense setae; postocciput glabrous, with numerous delicate longitudinal interrupted parallel striae; postgena smooth, with few setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen slightly shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into strong postgenal sulci which diverge until occipital foramen, ending in posterior tentorial pit. Antenna nearly as long as body, with 12 flagellomeres (suture between F11 and F12 indistinct), pedicel longer than broad, F1 shorter than length of scape+pedicel, 1.3× as long as F2, F2 slightly longer than F3, F3=F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter and nearly equal in length, F12 slightly longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F5–F12. + + +FIGURES 72–77. + +Feron caepula + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 72–75, head: 72, frontal view, 73, dorsal view, 74, lateral view, 75, posterior view. 76, antenna. 77, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. + + + + +FIGURES 78–81. + +Feron caepula + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 78, mesosoma, lateral view. 79, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 80, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 81, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 82–83. + +Feron caepula + +, + +comb. nov. + +, 82, asexual female, metasoma, lateral view. 83, gall. + + +Mesosoma longer than high, with sparse setae on pronotum laterally, on mesopleural triangle, mesoscutellum and lateral area of propodeum. Pronotum smooth, with setae laterally, piliferous points along dorsal edge; anterolateral edge of pronotum smooth, glabrous, without foveae; propleuron smooth, with sparse white setae. Mesoscutum longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae), uniformly alutaceous-reticulate. Notaulus complete, deep, posteriorly strongly converging and broader than anteriorly, with smooth, glabrous bottom; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line indistinct, hardly traceable; parapsidal line marked with impressed stripe; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, longer than broad, broadest part in posterior 1/3; center part of mesoscutellum smooth, glabrous, rugose posteriorly and laterally, overhanging metanotum, with a few long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae transverse, broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, divided by a narrow stripe. Mesopleuron entirely smooth, with setae only along ventral edge; mesopleural triangle smooth, with dense white setae and piliferous points; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with nearly parallel sides, posteriorly slightly shorter than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height, lower part delimiting smooth area with few setae, upper part of sulcus indistinct. Metascutellum rugose, as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with few setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, with net of strong rugae in most posterior part; lateral propodeal carinae strong, broad and high, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long white setae and piliferous points. Nucha with longitudinal sulci dorsally and laterally and a net of irregular rugae. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with short dense cilia on margin, veins distinct, radial cell open, 4.1× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, closed, distinct. Rs+M light pigmented, hardly traceable, visible on 1/2 of distance from areolet to basalis, its projection reaching basalis at half of its height. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga with rare, weak, very delicate micropunctures. Hypopygium with micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 3.8–4.0× as long as broad in ventral view with some sparse setae ventrally. + +Body length +1.7–1.9 mm +(n = 5). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 83 +). Small leaf galls on underside of leaf, +3 mm +in diameter with small point in centre of gall, shaped rather like an onion or garlic bulb, pinkish to reddish-brown. + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on + +Q. pungens + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Polymorphae +) and the section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +oaks: + +Q +. +arizonica + +, + +Q +. +oblongifolia + +, + +Q +. +turbinella +( +Burks 1979 +) + +. The asexual galls mature by October–November, and adults emerge by April. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: +Arizona +, +New Mexico +( +Burks 1979 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFEFFFC6FF8AA110FD14FCC0.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFEFFFC6FF8AA110FD14FCC0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c6e030f41e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFEFFFC6FF8AA110FD14FCC0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,262 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron bakkeri +( +Lyon, 1984 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 68–71 + + + + + + + +Andricus bakkeri +Lyon, 1984: 292 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: Asexual female +“ +Los Angeles, Calif., II.9.58”, “ + +Q. dumosa + +”, “ +R +. +J. Lyon Collection +”, “ + +Andricus bakkeri +Lyon + +”, red label “ +Holotype +” + +. + +PARATYPES +(6 asexual females) with the same data as the holotype. The female +holotype +and the +six paratypes +are in the collection of the +USNM +, examined by VC-P. +The +type was examined based on photos taken by +M. Buffington +, +USNM +. +Information +and pictures of the +holotype +can be consulted here: http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/32562b378-0160-44b1-94a5-4136889a738e + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the group of + +Feron +species + +in which the body is reddish brown; the head is rounded in frontal view, ocelli are not elevated above the frons; inner margins of eyes slightly converging ventrally, the transfacial distance is longer than the height of eye; toruli are located above mid-height of eyes; the eye is less than 3.0× as high as length of the malar space as in + +F. scutellum + +(asex), + +F. stellare + +(asex), and + +F. rucklei + +(asex). However, + +F. bakkeri + +has inconspicuous meoscutellar foveae with faintly rugose bottoms like the rest of the mesoscutellar disk; the metasoma is distinctly longer than high; while in the asexual forms of the other species the mesoscutellar foveae are conspicuous, with the bottom smooth, and the metasoma is almost as high as long. The gall is reminiscent of the gall of + +F. scutellum + +but is somewhat smaller ( +Lyon 1984 +). + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 68–70 +). Head, antenna, mesosoma, legs, metasoma uniformly reddish brown, except dark brown posterior tergum. + +Head alutaceous-reticulate, with sparse setae on lower face, slightly broader than high and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; 2.6× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, not broadened behind eye in frontal view; gena in lateral view 2.0× narrower than transverse diameter of eye in dorsal part and as broad as eye in ventral part. Malar space delicately coriaceous, with delicate striae, malar sulcus absent; eye 2.6× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes converging ventrally. POL 1.4× as long as OOL, OOL 3.6× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly shorter than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Antennal toruli located above mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.3× as long as height of eye; frons shorter than height of lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.7× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye slightly longer than diameter of torulus; lower face delicately coriaceous, with dense white setae; slightly elevated median area and area between toruli delicately coriaceous, with a few setae. Clypeus impressed, flat, rectangular, broader than high, delicately coriaceous, with a few long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, not emarginate and without median incision; anterior tentorial pit rounded, distinct, small; epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex and occiput uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, without striae and setae. Antenna shorter than body, with 12 flagellomeres, pedicel subglobose, slightly longer than broad; F1 1.2× as long as F2 and 1.6× as long as pedicel; F2>F3, F4–F7 subequal in length, F8–F11 slightly shorter, subequal and wider; F12 slightly shorter than F11; placodeal sensilla on F3–F12. + + +FIGURES 68–71. + +Feron bakkeri + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 68–70, asexual female: 68, habitus, part, lateral view, 69, head, frontal view, 70, head and mesoscutum, dorsal view. (Pictures are taken from USNM Holotype collection http://n2t.net/ ark:/65665/32562b378-0160-44b1-94a5-4136889a738e). 71, galls (image courtesy of J. Gross). + + +Mesosoma nearly as long as high, with setae. Pronotum glabrous, with delicate short parallel striae along posterior edge, with piliferous points. Mesoscutum uniformly reticulate, slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae). Notaulus complete, distinctly impressed along entire length; posteriorly converging; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line indistinct; parapsidal line marked with indistinct, narrow smooth, impressed area; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum slightly longer than broad, with subparallel sides; disk of mesoscutellum rugose, overhanging metanotum, with sparse setae. Mesoscutellar foveae inconspicuous, faintly rugose bottom, like the rest of the mesoscutellar disk, smoother anteriorly, without central carina. Mesopleuron smooth, alutaceous only on most anterior part; speculum smooth, glabrous, with transverse striae in most anterior part; mesopleural triangle smooth, with a few white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with white setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, with subparallel sides, posteriorly shorther than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height; upper part of sulcus indistinct; lower part of sulcus delimiting smooth area with dense long white setae. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, shorter than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with sparse setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct, bent outwards in posterior 1/3 of its height; lateral propodeal area smooth, and with long dense white setae with impressed setae points. Nucha with numerous sulci laterally. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with cilia on margin, veins brown, radial cell open, 3.0× as long as broad; Rs and R1 nearly reaching wing margin; areolet indistinct. Rs+M indistinct, not reaching basalis. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally, with rare micropunctures posteriorly; all subsequent terga with micropunctures. Hypopygium with micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 7.5× as long as broad in ventral view, with long setae ventrally. +Body length 1.3–2.0 mm (n = 3). + +Gall +( +Fig. 71 +). A monolocular, cup-shaped leaf spangle gall, +3–3.5 mm +in height. The larval cell occupies the base of the cup whose margins are collapsed at maturity ( +Lyon 1984 +). + + + + +Biology. +Only the asexual generation is known, which induces galls on + +Q. dumosa + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +). The galls appear on the leaves during the early summer until August. At this time the galls are red and contain small larvae. Pupation occurs in late October and early November; adults can be cut out in early December; however, normal emergence takes place in February–March, or even later. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: +California +( +Lyon 1984 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFF0FFA6FF8AA464FCE4FDCC.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFF0FFA6FF8AA464FCE4FDCC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce2ce6bedba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFF0FFA6FF8AA464FCE4FDCC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,312 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron discale +( +Weld, 1926 +) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 162–183 + + + + + + + +Diplolepis discalis +Weld, 1926: 24 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + +Andricus discalis +(Weld) + +: + +Weld, 1951: 633 + +. + + + + + +Type examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: +Asexual +female “Tijeras, N.M.”, “Cut out Nov. 1.21”, “ + +Quercus pungens + +”, red label “Type No. 27190 +USNM +”, “ + +Diplolepis discalis +Weld + +” deposited in +USNM +, examined by GM. Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/3629a7172-440c-48df-a198-8b1c39f1fa61. + + + +Material examined. + +Two +asexual females labelled as “ +USA +, +Arizona +, Chiricahua Mtns summit, +AZ258 +, spAZl2, galltype 60, + +Q. arizonica + +, leg. +J.A. Nicholls +, + +2007.10.26 + +.” + + + + + +Diagnosis. +The only asexual + +Feron +species + +with yellowish to reddish brown body, the head with frons bulging in frontal view and inner margins of eyes converging strongly ventrally, the mesoscutum uniformly alutaceous-reticulate, glabrous and with the mesoscutellum smooth and glabrous centrally, while posteriorly and laterally rugose. + + + +FIGURES 162–167. + +Feron discale + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female (yellow colour variation). 162–165, head: 162, frontal view, 163, dorsal view, 164, lateral view, 165, posterior view. 166, antenna. 167, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. + + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 162–172 +, +174–183 +). Head, mesosoma, mandibles, mouthparts, legs and metasoma uniformly yellowish to light brown; antenna, central propodeal area and posterior visible tergites slightly darker than rest of body. Two colour extremes (yellow and reddish-brown) are illustrated. + +Head alutaceous, with a few sparse setae on lower face; rounded, 1.2× as broad as high and slightly narrower than mesosoma in frontal view; 1.6× as broad as long in dorsal view. Broadest part of head in frontal view at mid-height of lower face. Gena alutaceous-reticulate, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye; gena in lateral view equally narrow along entire length of eye. Malar space alutaceous, with some striae radiating from clypeus and reaching to half-length of malar space; eye 4.5× as high as length of malar space; malar sulcus absent. Inner margins of eyes strongly converging ventrally. POL 1.9× as long as OOL, OOL 2.4× as long as the diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly longer than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of the same size. Antennal toruli located above mid-height of eyes. Transfacial distance 1.2× as long as height of eye; diameter of antennal torulus 2.0× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.4× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth with a few white setae; slightly elevated median area and area between toruli smooth, glabrous, without setae. Clypeus impressed, rectangular, broader than high, alutaceous, with a few setae scattered all over; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit large, rounded, deep, epistomal sulcus broad and deep, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex uniformly alutaceous, without striae and setae; area under central ocellus impressed, smooth, glabrous; occiput alutaceous, with dense setae; postocciput glabrous, with numerous delicate longitudinal interrupted parallel striae; postgena smooth, with few setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital carina black, clearly visible beside occipital foramen; occipital foramen slightly shorter than height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into strong postgenal sulci which diverge until occipital foramen, ending in posterior tentorial pit.Antenna nearly as long as body, scape, pedicel, F1–F5 light brown, subsequent flagellomeres dark brown to black, with 12 flagellomeres (suture between F11 and F12 indistinct), pedicel longer than broad, F1 longer than length of scape+pedicel, 1.2× as long as F2, F2 slightly longer than F3, F3=F4, subsequent flagellomeres shorter, broader and nearly equal in length, F12 slightly longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F5–F12. + + +FIGURES 168–171. + +Feron discale + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female (yellow colour variation). 168, mesosoma, lateral view. 169, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 170, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 171, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 172–173. + +Feron discale + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 172, asexual female (yellow colour variation), metasoma, lateral view. 173, gall. + + +Mesosoma longer than high, with rare setae on pronotum laterally, mesopleural triangle, mesoscutellum and lateral area of propodeum. Pronotum smooth, with setae laterally, delicate transverse parallel striae along posterior edge; anterolateral edge of propodeum smooth, glabrous, without foveae; propleuron smooth, with sparse white setae. Mesoscutum longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae), uniformly alutaceous-reticulate. Notaulus complete, deep, posteriorly strongly converging and broader than anteriorly, with smooth, glabrous bottom; at posterior end the distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line and parapsidal line indistinct, not traceable; median mesoscutal line in the form of a short broad smooth triangle; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, longer than broad, broadest part in posterior 1/3; center part of mesoscutellum smooth, glabrous, rugose posteriorly and laterally, overhanging metanotum, with a few long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae in the form of a transverse, semilunar impression, broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, circumscutellar carina present. Mesopleuron smooth, with setae along ventral edge, with very delicate indistinct parallel striae in anterior half; mesopleural triangle smooth, with dense white setae and piliferous points; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, posteriorly slightly higher than height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height, lower part delimiting smooth area with few setae, upper part of sulcus indistinct. Metascutellum coriaceous, as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with few setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, glabrous; lateral propodeal carinae strong, broad and high, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long white setae and piliferous points. Nucha with longitudinal sulci dorsally and laterally and a net of irregular rugae. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. + + +FIGURES 174–178. + +Feron discale + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female (reddish brown colour variation). 174–176, head: 174, frontal view, 175, dorsal view, 176, posterior view. 177, antenna. 178, fore wing. + + +Fore wing longer than body, with light brown veins, margin with dense long cilia; radial cell open, 4.5× as long as broad, R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet triangular, delimited by indistinct light brown veins; Rs+M indistinct, not traceable. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, longer than high in lateral view; all metasomal tergites smooth, glabrous, 2nd metasomal tergum extending to 2/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga with rare, weak, very delicate micropunctures. Hypopygium with micropunctures, prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 7.8× as long as broad in ventral view. + +Body length +1.7–1.8 mm +(n = 2). + + +Gall +( +Fig. 173 +). A spangle gall, on the underside of leaf, 3.6–4.0 mm diameter, monolocular, yellow-green when young and growing, turn brown when mature, with raised rim and raised center, convex on upper surface, underside concave, the transversely placed larval chamber occupying the full height of the gall. A single or a few galls on one leaf ( +Weld 1926 +). + + + + +Biology. +The asexual generation is only known, which induces galls on + +Q. pungens + +(section + +Quercus +, + +subsection +Polymorphae +), + +Q. arizonica + +and + +Q. turbinella + +(both section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Leucomexicana +). Galls mature in late autumn; adults were cut out from galls in November; probably overwintering in galls and emerging in spring. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: +Arizona +, +New Mexico +( +Burks 1979 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFFCFFDFFF8AA626FBD6F8FC.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFFCFFDFFF8AA626FBD6F8FC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd1cbfd10c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFFCFFDFFF8AA626FBD6F8FC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron crystallinum +( +Bassett, 1900 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 124–149 + + + + + + + +Andricus crystallinus +Bassett, 1900: 319 + + +, female, gall. + + + + + + +Type +examined. + +Asexual female. A +type +female No. 10488 is deposited in the Entomology + +Type +Collection +at the + +Academy of +Natural Sciences + +of Philadelphia, not examined by the authors. +We +have examined several pictures from several sexual specimens (females coded 1332063, and 1332065; males coded 1132047, and 1132055) made by +Peter +T +. Oboyski + +. + + + + +Additional material +. + +Three +asexual females “ +USA +, +CA +, +Salt Springs +, ex + +Q. douglasii + +, coll. + +2004.02.29 + +., leg. +K. Schick +”; 2 asexual females “ +USA +, +CA +, +Diablo +, ex + +Q. douglasii + +, + +1925.10.15 + +, leg. +A. Kinsey +”; 2 asexual females “ +USA +, +CA +, + +30km +SW of Williams + +, +CA2 +, galltype165, ex + +Q. douglasii + +, + +2007.11.02 + +., leg. +J.A. Nicholls +”; 2 asexual females “ +USA +, +CA +, Copperopolis, +CA969 +, galltype165, ex + +Q. douglasii + +, + +2007.11.06 + +., leg. +J.A. Nicholls +”; 1 sexual female “ +USA +, +CA +, +Dye Creek +Preserve, +CA1042 +, spCAl6_1, ex + +Q. douglasii + +, coll. + +2008.03.30 + +., leg. +J.A. Nicholls +”. In the general collection of the +USNM +there are specimens with Bassett handwriting labels (not +type +material) and our asexual females are conspecific with those of Bassett + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Asexual females belong to the + +Feron +species + +group in which the pronotum is without carinae, with dense setae and piliferous points; the mesoscutum is dark brown between notauli in anterior 1/3 length of the mesoscutum; as in + +F. pattersonae + +(asex) and + +F. sulfureum + +(asex). Differs from + +F. pattersonae + +in the trapezoid head in frontal view (ovate in + +F. pattersonae + +) and the mesoscutellar foveae divided by a central carina (fused in + +F. pattersonae + +). Morphologically most similar is + +F. sulfureum + +but in + +F. crystallinum + +the pronotum is coriaceous, with piliferous points and distal flagellomeres broader than basal; for other characters see couplet +26 in +the key. Sexual females are brown to chestnut brown, rarely darker; inner margins of eyes are parallel or only slightly converging ventrally, the frons is flat, not or only slightly bulging in frontal view; the mesoscutum is smooth, glabrous or alutaceous anteriorly; the mesoscutellum with irregular rugae at least in lateral and posterior parts, sometimes dorsocentral part is smooth, shining, without piliferous points; these characters are shared with + +F. amphorus + +(asex), + +F. clarkei + +(sex) and + +F. dumosae + +(sex). Differs from + +F. amphorus + +and + +F. clarkei + +in the transfacial distance which is as long as or slightly shorter than the height of the eye, the eye more than 3.6× as high as length of the malar space; the pronotum laterally with short carinae only along posterior margin. Differs from + +F. dumosae + +by characters mentioned at couplet +19 in +the key. Males are different from all other + +Feron + +males in the inner margins of eyes which are slightly diverging ventrally, the notaulus is complete, mesoscutellar foveae absent, present in the form of a transverse smooth anterior impression, continuing into smooth mesoscutellar disc. + + + +FIGURES 124–129. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 124–127, head: 124, frontal view, 125, dorsal view, 126, lateral view, 127, posterior view. 128, antenna. 129, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. + + + +Re-description. +Asexual female ( +Figs 124–134 +). Head chestnut brown, posteriorly darker, clypeus darker, mandibles and palpi chestnut brown, antenna chestnut brown, with darker F4–F12; mesosoma predominantly brown; pronotum brown with darker anterolateral part, propleuron dark brown; mesoscutum brown with black marks between notauli in anterior half and next to lateral lines; mesoscutellum uniformly brown; mesopleuron brown, ventrally dark brown to black; propodeum dark brown to black; metasoma uniformly dark brown; legs chestnut brown, with darker coxae. + + + +FIGURES 130–133. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual female. 130, mesosoma, lateral view. 131, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 132, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 133, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. + + +Head with sparse setae, denser on lower face, 1.2× as broad as high and slightly broader than mesosoma in frontal view; 2.1× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena reticulated, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space reticulate, with striae radiating from clypeus and not reaching eye; eye 2.7× as high as length of malar space; malar sulcus absent. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 1.7× as long as OOL, OOL 1.9× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly longer than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance slightly longer than height of eye; toruli located in the upper half of head and frons definitely shorter than lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.3× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.2× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face smooth with white setae; slightly elevated median area coriaceous, with few setae. Clypeus quadrangular, slightly broader than high, smooth, with a few long setae scattered all over; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit small, rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex uniformly reticulate, without striae and setae; area under central ocellus impressed, smooth, glabrous; occiput and postocciput alutaceous; postgena reticulate, with a few setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into strong postgenal sulci which strongly diverge toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres; F6–F12 about 2.0× broader than F1–F5; pedicel 1.7× as long as broad; F1 1.8× as long as pedicel and slightly longer than F2; F2 slightly longer than F3; all subsequent flagellomeres shorter, F12 as long as F11; placodeal sensilla on F5–F12. + + +FIGURES 134–135. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, asexual generation. 134, metasoma, lateral view. 135, asexual gall. + + +Mesosoma as long as high, with a few white setae, denser along propleura and on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum coriaceous in posterolateral area, with dense setae laterally with piliferous points; propleuron smooth, glabrous. Mesoscutum slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae), rugose-reticulate between notauli in anterior half and laterad to notauli, smooth and glabrous in between notauli in posterior half; entirely and uniformly with dense long white setae and some distinct piliferous points. Notaulus complete, shallow, posteriorly converging and broader than anteriorly, with smooth, glabrous bottom; in most posterior part distance between notauli shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line distinct, elevated or impressed, smooth, glabrous, reaching to half-length of mesoscutum; parapsidal line marked with broad smooth, glabrous stripe; median mesoscutal line indistinct, very short, present at the most posterior end; parascutal carina broad, reaching notaulus. Mesoscutellum ovate, slightly longer than broad, broadest part posteriorly, circumscutellar carina complete; uniformly rugoso-coriaceous, overhanging metanotum, with sparse long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae quadrangular, as broad as high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, divided by a rugose elevated triangular area. Mesopleuron entirely smooth, with setae only along ventral edge; mesopleural triangle coriaceous, with dense white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, glabrous, without setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron at half of its height; lower part separating smooth, glabrous area, with dense setae, upper part of sulcus also distinct. Metascutellum coriaceous, as high as height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, with few setae; central propodeal area lyre-shaped, smooth, with a few strong short longitudinal rugae; lateral propodeal carinae strong, broad and high, bent outwards in posterior 1/3; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long white setae, each seta with piliferous point at the base. Nucha with numerous irregular rugae. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with short dense cilia on margin, veins brown, radial cell open, 3.8× as long as broad; Rs and R1 not reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct in 2/3 of its length, its projection reaching basalis at half of its height. + + +FIGURES 136–141. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, sexual female. 136–138, head: 136, frontal view, 137, dorsal view, 138, lateral view. 139, antenna. 140, mesosoma and propleura, frontal view. 141, mesoscutellum and propodeum, dorsal view. + + + + +FIGURES 142–145. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, sexual female. 142, mesosoma, lateral view. 143, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 144, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 145, metasoma, lateral view. + + + + +FIGURES 146–147. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, male. 146, habitus, dorsal view, 147, habitus, lateral view (pictures taken by Peter Oboyski from the holotype deposited at the Essig Museum). + + +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, longer than high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum smooth, extending to 5/6 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with patch of dense white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth, with fine micropunctures; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 6.8× as long as broad in ventral view, with short white setae ventrally, which do not extend beyond apex of spine. + +Body length +2.1–2.3 mm +(n = 3). + + +Sexual generation. According to +Doutt (1960) +, specimens used for the description of the sexual females and males were housed in the University of +California +, Albany. Currently they are deposited in the Essig Museum (University of +California +, Berkeley, Peter T. Oboyski +pers. comm +.). These specimens were not examined by the authors; however, photos were taken from females and males by Peter T. Oboyski and sent to authors. For material examined by the authors, see above in Additional material. + + + +FIGURES 148–149. + +Feron crystallinum + +, + +comb. nov. + +. 148–149, sexual galls. + + + +Sexual female ( +Figs 136–145 +). Head, mesosoma dark brown to black; scape, pedicel and F1 light brown, all subsequent flagellomeres uniformly dark brown; legs yellowish-brown, except dark brown to black coxae; metasoma chestnut brown. + +Head slightly transverse, with sparse setae, denser on lower face and along inner margins of eyes, 1.2× as broad as high and as broad as mesosoma in frontal view; 2.1× as broad as long in dorsal view. Gena reticulated, not broadened behind eye in frontal view, 2.7× narrower than transverse diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, with striae radiating from clypeus and reaching eye; malar sulcus absent; eye 3.8× as high as length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel or very slightly converging ventrally. POL 2.2× as long as OOL, OOL 1.5× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and slightly shorter than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size. Transfacial distance as long as height of eye or slightly longer; toruli located in the upper half of head and frons definitely shorter than lower face, diameter of antennal torulus 1.6× as long as distance between them, distance between torulus and eye 1.2× as long as diameter of torulus; lower face coriaceous with white setae, above malar space smooth and glabrous; slightly elevated median area coriaceous, with few setae. Clypeus rectangular, around 1.6× as broad as high, coriaceous, with long setae along ventral edge; ventrally rounded, emarginate, without median incision; anterior tentorial pit small, rounded, distinct, epistomal sulcus distinct, clypeo-pleurostomal line well impressed. Frons, interocellar area, vertex uniformly alutaceous, without striae and setae; area under central ocellus impressed, smooth, glabrous; occiput and postocciput alutaceous, postgena alutaceous, with few setae; posterior tentorial pit large, elongated, area below impressed; occipital foramen as high as height of postgenal bridge; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into strong postgenal sulci which diverge strongly toward occipital foramen, postgenal bridge anteriorly slightly broader than occipital foramen. Antenna longer than head+mesosoma, with 12 flagellomeres; all flagellomeres nearly equal in width, F1 narrower than F2; pedicel longer than broad; F1 1.4× as long as pedicel, shorter than scape+pedicel and nearly equal in length to F2; F2 longer than F3, F3 longer than F4; all subsequent flagellomeres shorter and nearly equal in length; F12 slightly longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F2–F12. +Mesosoma slightly longer than high, with a few white setae along propleura and on lateral propodeal area. Pronotum smooth with sparse setae laterally, with parallel short delicate wrinkles along posterior edge; propleuron smooth, with scattered white setae. Mesoscutum slightly longer than broad (greatest width measured across mesoscutum level with base of tegulae), entirely smooth and glabrous without setae. Notaulus complete, deep, posteriorly converging, with smooth, glabrous bottom; at posterior end the distance between notauli just shorter than distance between notaulus and side of mesoscutum; anterior parallel line impressed, smooth, glabrous, extending to 1/3 length of mesoscutum; parapsidal line marked with impressed smooth, glabrous stripe; median mesoscutal line absent; parascutal carina broad, complete. Mesoscutellum trapezoid, slightly longer than broad, broadest part posteriorly, uniformly rugoso-coriaceous, overhanging metanotum, with sparse long setae. Mesoscutellar foveae ovate, broader than high, with smooth, glabrous bottom, divided by a smooth elevated triangular area. Mesopleuron entirely smooth, with setae only along ventral edge; mesopleural triangle rugose, with dense white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar areas smooth, with some sparse setae; axillula with delicate parallel longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar smooth, glabrous, triangular, posteriorly as high as height of metanotal trough; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in lower 1/3 of its height; lower part separating smooth, glabrous area with dense setae, upper part of sulcus indistinct. Metascutellum smooth, glabrous, slightly higher than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, without setae, with some irregular rugae; central propodeal area smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal carinae strong, broad and high, bent outwards in mid-height of propodeum; lateral propodeal area smooth, with long white setae, each seta with piliferous point at the base. Nucha with some irregular rugae. Tarsal claws with basal lobe. +Fore wing longer than body, hyaline, with short dense cilia on margin, veins brown, radial cell open, 4.1× as long as broad; Rs and R1 not reaching wing margin; areolet small, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct in 1/3 of its length, its projection reaching basalis at half of its height. +Metasoma longer than head+mesosoma, higher than long in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergum smooth, extending to half-length of metasoma in dorsal view, with patch of dense white setae anterolaterally, without micropunctures; all subsequent terga and hypopygium smooth without micropunctures; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium 3.7× as long as broad in ventral view, with short white setae ventrally, which do not extend beyond apex of spine. + +Body length +1.9 mm +(n = 1). + + +Male ( +Figs 146–147 +). Body yellowish to amber; eyes bigger, transfacial distance much shorter than height of eye; height of eye 4.3× as high as length of malar space; ocelli much bigger, POL 6.0× as long as OOL, OOL 0.5× as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and much shorter than LOL, all ocelli ovate, of same size; antenna with 13 flagellomeres, longer than body, F1 slightly curved, not excavated laterally; placodeal sensilla on all flagellomeres; mesoscutum glabrous, scarcely pubescent on pronotum, along notaulus, along ventral edge of mesopleuron, mesopleural triangle and side of propodeum; mesosoma smooth and shiny, pronotum laterally and anterior part of mesoscutum alutaceous; mesoscutellar foveae absent; metasoma with long petiole, shorter than mesosoma. + + +Gall. +Asexual galls ( +Fig. 135 +). Bristly-haired gall masses +35 mm +long by +25 mm +wide on the underside of leaves composed of small, individual, elliptical or spherical, monothalamous galls, +12–14 mm +high, +7 mm +in diameter. Each gall usually with a slightly curved beak at the apex and a sparse coating of crystalline white, rose pink, red, or brown hairs ( +Russo 2021 +). Sexual galls ( +Fig. 148–149 +) monolocular, they are mostly on the upper surface of leaves, singly or in small groups, green with straw coloured apex, conical, slightly curved. The gall has numerous long cottony, white hairs projecting laterally, which are longer than the greatest width of the gall. The gall is +2.5 mm +in length, with the base 1.0 mm tapering to the tip. The position of the gall is indicated on the opposite (usually lower) side of leaf by a pale coloured elliptical swelling ( +Doutt 1960 +). The gall is difficult to distinguish from other similar sexual galls such as + +F. comatum + +, + +F. dumosae + +and + +F. kingi + +. + + + + +Biology. +Alternate asexual and sexual generations were matched by +Doutt (1960) +. Alternate sexual and asexual generations are also confirmed herein using DNA data, with four individuals (three asexual females, one sexual female) sequenced for cytb and three individuals (two asexual females, one sexual female) sequenced for cytb. Cytb sequences grouped into two haplotypes that were 0.23% divergent (GenBank accessions KX683596, MZ030743, OQ446195–OQ446196) and ITS2 sequences were identical among the three individuals (GenBank accessions OQ448237–OQ448239). + + +Asexual galls in autumn on leaves, adults emerge in January–February; sexual galls in spring, adults emerge in March. Both generations develop on oaks from section + +Quercus + +, subsection +Dumosae +: + +Q +. +douglasii + +, + +Q +. +dumosa + +and + +Q +. +garryana + +. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: +California +. + + + + +Comments. +The sexual males and females from the experimental material deposited in the Essig Museum by Doutt all have an amber body colour which differs from the chestnut brown sexual females collected by JN and examined by GM, and also from the colour Doutt described for sexual generation adults. We consider this simply to represent within-species chromatic variation (as is known for other + +Feron +species + +) since the remainder of the diagnostic characters, host plant, and distribution are consistent with Doutt’s description. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFFEFFD7FF8AA318FDD4FBD5.xml b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFFEFFD7FF8AA318FDD4FBD5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a36eb9fcfd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/61/1662613EFFFEFFD7FF8AA318FDD4FBD5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,295 @@ + + + +Re-establishment of the Nearctic oak cynipid gall wasp genus Feron Kinsey, 1937 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), including the description of six new species + + + +Author + +Cuesta-Porta, Victor +0000-0002-6616-904X +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & victorcp 93 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X +victorcp93@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Melika, George +0000-0002-5204-6890 +Plant Health Diagnostic National Reference Laboratory, National Food Chain Safety Office, Budaörsi str. 141 - 145, Budapest 1118, Hungary & melikageorge @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5204 - 6890 +melikageorge@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Nicholls, James A. +0000-0002-9325-563X +Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601 Australia & james. nicholls @ csiro. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9325 - 563 X +james.nicholls@csiro.au + + + +Author + +Stone, Graham N. +0000-0002-2737-696X +Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH 9 3 JT, Scotland, U. K. & gstone @ staffmail. ed. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2737 - 696 X +gstone@staffmail.ed.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Pujade-Villar, Juli +0000-0001-7798-2717 +Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 - Barcelona, Spain & jpujade @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7798 - 2717 Corresponding author +jpujade@ub.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +5366 + + +1 + + +1 +174 + + + + +https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5366.1.1/52221 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5366.1.1 +1175-5334 +10151426 +D5CD7765-C984-48E6-83E9-05C79C92F2E7 + + + + + + + +Feron comatum +(Weld, 1952) + +, +comb. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 116–123 + + + + + + + +Liodora comata +Weld, 1952b: 325 + + +, female, male, gall. + + + + +Andricus comata +(Weld) + +: + +Melika & Abrahamson 2002: 162 +. +Type material. +HOLOTYPE +: Sexual female +USNM + + +No. 60112, +PARATYPES +( +6 females +) at the +USNM + +. + +Specimen data and images available at http://n +2t +.net/ark:/65665/3d8f99bbb-ffa6-4c06-a237-1da4ed776fc3. +Paratypes +are deposited also in +AMNH +, +CMNH +, +ANSP +, +CAS +and +MCZ + +. + + + + +FIGURES 116–120. + +Feron comatum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, sexual female. 116, antenna, head, mesosoma, dorsal view, 117, habitus, lateral view, 118, head and mesosoma, dorsal view, 119, head and meosoma, lateral view, 120, mesoscutellum and propodeum, dorsal view. Pictures taken from the holotype deposited at the USNM by M. Buffington. + + + + +FIGURES 121–123. + +Feron comatum + +, + +comb. nov. + +, sexual generation. 121, head, frontal view. Picture taken from the holotype deposited at the USNM by M. Buffington. 122, designated “type” galls, picture by M. Buffington. 123, gall (image courtesy J. Gross). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Sexual females are similar to + +F. apiarium + +(asex), + +F. kingi + +(sex) and + +F. pattersonae + +(sex) and are characterised by a black body, frons is flat, not or only slightly bulging in frontal view, inner margins of eyes never strongly converging ventrally, the mesoscutum is smooth, glabrous or partially alutaceous anteriorly; the notaulus is complete reaching the pronotum; the mesopleuron is entirely smooth without transverse striae in central part; the mesoscutellum is uniformly alutaceous with numerous setae on piliferous points. Nevertheless, + +F. comatum + +differs from these species in the torulus which is located halfway up the head; scape, pedicel, F1–F2 are yellowish; legs including hind coxa are yellowish and the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium without setae ventrally. Males are similar to + +F. kingi + +and + +F. pattersonae + +and are characterised by a black body, ocelli are moderately or not elevated above the frons, notaulus reaching the pronotum and the mesoscutellum is uniformly alutaceous with numerous setae on piliferous points. In + +F. comatum + +F1 equal in length to scape+pedicel, slightly broadened and curved, flagellomeres lighter than scape and pedicel (F1 longer than scape+pedicel, straight not broadened and curved, flagellomeres, scape and pedicel uniformly coloured in + +F. kingi + +and + +F. pattersonae + +). + + +Re-description. +After +Weld (1952b) +, with modifications. + + +Sexual female ( +Figs 116–121 +). Body black; mandibles, palpi, base of antenna and legs yellowish-white. Head transverse in dorsal view, as broad as mesosoma; gena not broadened behind eye, broader than high in frontal view; inner margins of eyes converging ventrally; length of malar space around 3.0× shorter than height of eye, malar sulcus absent. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, F1 shorter than scape+pedicel and shorter than F2+F3. Pronotum, mesoscutum, mesopleuron smooth, glabrous, shining. Notaulus narrow, complete. Mesoscutellar foveae smooth, shallow; mesoscutellar disk smooth, punctate and pubescent behind, overhanging propodeum. Lateral propodeal carinae bent slightly outwards. Fore wing pubescent, ciliate on margin; radial cell opened, 5.0× as long as broad, veins brown, areolet small. Tarsal claws toothed, with strong basal lobe. Metasoma as high as long, all terga smooth, visible on dorsal margin. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium stout, 2.0× as long as broad in ventral view, without setae. + + +Body length +1.45–2.15 mm +(n = 6) ( +Weld 1952b +). + + +Male. Like the female, head broader than mesosoma. Antennae with 13 flagellomeres, F1 equal in length to scape+pedicel, 1.45× as long as F2, slightly excavated and curved, lighter than scape and pedicel. Metasoma with short petiole. Body length +1.45–1.8 mm +. + + +Gall +( +Figs 122–123 +). Conical, 3.0 by +1.4 mm +, tan when mature, thin walled, covered with crinkly white matted hairs. Produced singly at edge of leaf. The gall is difficult to distinguish from the sexual galls of + +F. crystallinum + +, + +F. dumosae + +and + +F. kingi + +, although this species has an eastern distribution rather than Pacific slope (but see also diagnosis to species above). + + + + +Biology. +Only the sexual generation is known, inducing galls on + +Q. alba + +(section + +Quercus + +, subsection + +Albae + +). Galls mature in early spring; adults emerge in late April–May. + + + + +Distribution. +USA +: VA ( +Weld 1952b +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/65/166265362325475DFF24FBFAFB07B076.xml b/data/16/62/65/166265362325475DFF24FBFAFB07B076.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b52b56d51a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/65/166265362325475DFF24FBFAFB07B076.xml @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ + + + +A new species of Enosis Mabille, 1889 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) from southern Brazil and notes on Enosis angularis (Möschler, 1877) + + + +Author + +Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik + + + +Author + +Grande, Mirna Martins Casa- + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-21 + + +4728 + + +1 + + +133 +142 + + + +journal article +24291 +10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.7 +ba418463-6885-413b-86cd-dc14d280c1a4 +1175-5326 +3614589 +B5FC361A-C324-4B14-817A-FB7B8966061F + + + + + + + +Enosis ester +Lemes, Mielke & Casagrande + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Figs 1–4 +, +11 +, +13 +and +17 +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Enosis ester + + +sp. nov. + +differs from all the other species of + +Enosis + +, except for + +E. angularis +( +Möschler, 1877 +) + +, in not having a produced apex of the FW, and differs from + +E. angularis + +as well as all the others in having three small dark spots on the VHW. FW stigma with four parts between base of CuA +1 +and 2A, whereas in + +E. angularis + +the stigma has two parts bellow bases of CuA +1 +and CuA +2 +(figs 11–12). The male genitalia also differ: uncus bifid; valva with ampulla of nearly the same size as harpe, harpe without ventral-distal short projection, sacculus not projected dorsally; aedeagus with insertion of manica at the end of basal third and bifid, while in + +E. angularis + +, uncus is simple; valva with ampulla larger than harpe, harpe with ventral-distal short projection, sacculus projected dorsally; and aedeagus, with insertion of manica at the beginning of the distal third and bifid (figs 13–14). + + +Male description. +Head. +Brown, frons and vertex covered with thin and long ochre scales. Eyes brown. Labial palpi (fig 4) densely covered with thin and long ochre scales on the proximal and middle article; proximal article short, rectangular in ventral view; middle article globose in lateral view, longer than wide in ventral view, about two times as long as the proximal; distal article covered with compact brown scales, short, about 1/3 the length of the middle article, and triangular in lateral and ventral views. Antenna brown, half the length of the FW costa; club longer than apiculus; nudum dark rufous to dark brown, 12–13 segments (n = 8). + + +Thorax. +Brown dorsally, covered with long and thin hair-like scales; ventrally covered with long and thin lighter scales. Legs brown; mesotibia with a longitudinal row of short spines on inner surface and one pair of distal spurs, outer spur 2/3 the length of the inner; metatibia smooth, with two pairs of spurs, one at the middle of metatibia, other at the distal margin, outer spur 2/3 the length of the inner. + + +FW. +Length +14–15 mm +(male +holotype +with +15 mm +; n = 8); triangular; costal margin straight; apex in a nearly right angle; outer margin convex; tornus obtuse; inner margin straight. DFW ground color brown; with two creamy spots in spaces R +5 +-M +1 +, and M +3 +-CuA +1 +; veins a little darker; stigma with four pieces, as in fig 11; fringe bicolor, proximal half of the scales brown, distal half creamy. VFW ground color brown, with the same creamy spots visible on DFW; veins more discernible than in DFW; fringe as in DFW. + + +HW. +Costal margin convex; outer margin convex; tornus in a nearly right angle; inner margin straight. DHW ground color brown, densely covered with long and thin hair-like scales; veins a little darker; fringe bicolor, proximal half brown and distal half creamy. VHW ground color brown, presence of three small dark brown spots in spaces Rs-M +1 +, M +3 +-CuA +1 +and CuA +1 +- CuA +2 +; veins more discernible than in VHW; fringe as in VFW. + + + +FIGURES 1–4 +. + +Enosis ester + + +sp. nov. + +: Holotype male in dorsal +(1) +and ventral +(2) +views and labels +(3) +; “quadrantic palps” (paratype OM 12.480) in dorsal view +(4) +. + + + +Abdomen. +Dorsally brown; ventrally covered with long, thin slighter brown hair-like scales. + + +Male genitalia +( +Fig 13 +) (n = 2). Tegumen longer than wide, oval in dorsal view, distal margin convex. Ventral projection of the tegumen fused with dorsal projection of the saccus, narrow, with an “elbow” at the middle. Saccus slightly longer than tegumen and slightly upturned. Uncus longer than tegumen, with setae on the dorsal margin, distally slightly bifid; in lateral view narrower in the anterior and posterior regions than in the middle, where it forms an acute angle. Gnathos bifid, as long as uncus, wider in the proximal region in lateral view, becoming narrower in the distal region, with a sharp tip. Valva about 2.5 times as long as wide, proximal margin rounded; costa long and narrow and ventral margin sinuous; sacculus triangular, wider in the basal portion, but not expanded dorsally; ampulla triangular, with serrated dorsal margin, ending in a short pointed distal projection directed inwards, with presence of some small structural dots; harpe elongated, with a short dorsal projection in the middle, and outer margin serrated, ending in a short pointed distal projection. Aedeagus with approximately same length as valva, stout; distal part bilobed from the middle, the dorsal lobe distally rounded and shorter than the ventral lobe; ventral lobe truncated and with a short spine-like process close to the distal end and directly ventrad; external part longer than internal part. + + +Female. +Unknown. + + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +male deposited in +DZUP-OM +with the following labels (separated by transverse bars) + +: / + +Holotypus +/ +♂ +/ + +3-II-1966 + +Curitiba +, P[a] +R + + +[aná, +Brazil +] +Mielke +leg./ [ +OM +] 10.034 + +/ +Holotypus + +Enosis ester +Lemes, Mielke & Casagrande. Lemes, Mielke & Casagrande + +det. 2019/. + + + +Paratypes +. +BRAZIL— +Paraná +: + +Curitiba + + +— +2-II-1966 +, +1 ♂ +; + + +3-II-1966 + +, +6 ♂ +: [ +OM +] 10.015, [ +OM +] 10.238, [ +OM +] 10.016, [ +OM +] 12.481, [ +OM +] 10.237, [ +OM +] 12.480, [ +OM +] 10.035. All +paratypes +deposited in +DZUP-OM + +. + + +Immature stages and hostplants. +Unknown. + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig 17 +). + +Enosis ester + + +sp. nov. + +is known only from its +type +locality: [Locality of Cascatinha, cur- rently destroyed] +Curitiba +, +Paraná +, +Brazil +. + + + + +Etymology. +The species name is dedicated to Ester Assmann, the first author’s grandmother, in gratitude for her support and encouragement in his academic life. The name is a feminine noun in apposition. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/65/1662653623274759FF24F8CCFB28B193.xml b/data/16/62/65/1662653623274759FF24F8CCFB28B193.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..292f776e379 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/65/1662653623274759FF24F8CCFB28B193.xml @@ -0,0 +1,306 @@ + + + +A new species of Enosis Mabille, 1889 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) from southern Brazil and notes on Enosis angularis (Möschler, 1877) + + + +Author + +Lemes, José Ricardo Assmann + + + +Author + +Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik + + + +Author + +Grande, Mirna Martins Casa- + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-01-21 + + +4728 + + +1 + + +133 +142 + + + +journal article +24291 +10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.7 +ba418463-6885-413b-86cd-dc14d280c1a4 +1175-5326 +3614589 +B5FC361A-C324-4B14-817A-FB7B8966061F + + + + + + + +Enosis angularis +( +Möschler, 1877 +) + + + + + + + +Figs 5–10 +, +12 +, and 14–17. + + +For diagnosis of + +Enosis angularis + +see above under + +E. ester + + +sp. nov +. + +Two males are illustrated, showing variation on the FW, where small creamy spots may be present between spaces R +5 +-M +1 +and M +2 +-M +3 +(figs 5–6) or absent (figs 7–8), as well as a female (figs 9–10). As the female genitalia has never been illustrated, it is presented here (figs 15–16) (n = 2). Tergum VIII large, anterior margin deeply indented and anteriorly connected by thin sclerotized band to the sterigma. Sterigma as an inverted “U-shaped” with the proximal tips of the “U” linked to the tergum VIII and the median distal part of the “U” strongly sclerotized, slightly projected ventrally and with a short middle tip. Corpus bursae long, approximately five times larger than the sterigma, starting above the sclerotized band that links the two lateral-proximal tips to the sterigma, with starting part sclerotized and with a twist close to the base. Papilla analis higher than long and posterior apophysis long. + + + +FIGURES 11–12 +. Male stigma of + +Enosis + +species. +11. + +Enosis ester + + +sp. nov. + +(paratype OM 10.016). +12. + +Enosis angularis +( +Möschler, 1877 +) + +, Linhares, Espírito Santo, Brazil (DZ 47.965). + + + + +FIGURES 13–14. +Male genitalia of + +Enosis + +species. +13. + +Enosis ester + + +sp. nov. + +(paratype OM 10.238). +14. + +Enosis angularis +( +Möschler, 1877 +) + +, Linhares, Espírito Santo, Brazil (DZ 47.965): +a— +tegumen, uncus and gnathos, dorsal view; +b— +gnathos and uncus, ventral view; +c— +tegumen, saccus, uncus and gnathos, lateral view; +d— +valva, internal view; +e, f, g, h— +aedeagus, left, right, dorsal and ventral views. + + + +Immature stages and hostplants. +There are some photos of the larvae of + +E. angularis + +available in +Janzen & Hallwachs (2009) +, recorded feeding on species of +Poaceae +: + +Bambusa vulgaris +Schrad. ex J. C. Wendl. + +, + +Oryza latifolia +Desv. + +and + +O. sativa + +L. (Beccaloni +et al. +2009). + + + + +Distribution +( +Fig 17 +). + +Enosis angularis +( +Möschler, 1877 +) + +has a wide distribution throughout Central and South Americas (records in literature are indicated; otherwise they are from specimens of DZUP and OM): MEXICO— +Puebla +, +Oaxaca +, +Chiapas +( +Glassberg 2007 +). +COSTA RICA +( +Evans 1955 +). +TRINIDAD +AND TOBAGO— +Nariva +: Nariva Swamp ( +Cock 1981 +). +VENEZUELA +( +Evans 1955 +). +GUYANA +( +Evans 1955 +). SURINAME— +Paramaribo +( +Möschler 1877 +). +FRENCH GUIANA +( +Evans 1955 +). COLOMBIA— +Amazonas +: Leticia. ECUADOR— +Imbabura +: Ibarra ( +Evans 1955 +). +Napo +: Cotundo, [Tena] Shinquipino. +Pichincha: +San Juan. +Chimborazo +: Pallatanga. PERU— +Loreto +: Jenaro Herrera ( + +Couturier +et al. +[1997] + +). +Huánuco +: Tingo María (Rondós). +Madre de Dios +: Tambopata. BOLIVIA— +Santa Cruz +( +Evans 1955 +), +Buenavista +( +Evans 1955 +). BRAZIL— +Amazonas +: Fonte Boa, Tefé. +Pará +: Juruti ( +Evans 1955 +as “Juhuty, Amazon”), Óbidos, Santarém. +Maranhão +: Imperatriz, Santa Luzia (Fazenda Terrasse, km 108 estrada Açailandia-Santa Luzia). +Paraíba +: João Pessoa. +Pernambuco +: São Lourenço da Mata (Tiuma), Recife. +Acre +: Manoel Urbano, Taraucá. +Rondônia +: Ariquemes, Cacaulândia (Th. +Emmel & Austin 1990 +), Porto Velho, Riozinho. +Mato Grosso +: Cáceres (Rio Vermelho, Coronel Rio Branco). +Goiás +: Pirenópolis. +Espírito Santo +: Baixo Guandu, Conceição da Barra, Itaguaçu, Linhares, Santa Teresa, Sooretama, Vitória. +Minas Gerais +: Itueta, Rio Novo. +Rio de Janeiro +: Magé, Rio de Janeiro (Jacarepaguá), Paraty. +Paraná +: +Antonina (Cacatu), Guaíra, Icaraíma, Paranaguá (Alexandra) +, Tibagi. +Santa Catarina +: Joinville, Santa Cecília. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/62/FA/1662FABA7C205ED7814715409D19DA9B.xml b/data/16/62/FA/1662FABA7C205ED7814715409D19DA9B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc32ac690ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/62/FA/1662FABA7C205ED7814715409D19DA9B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Pterostichus ventricosus ventricosus (Eschscholtz, 1823) + + + + +Poecilus ventricosus +Eschscholtz, 1823: 106. Type locality: "Unalaschka [Aleutian Islands, Alaska]" (original citation). Two syntypes in ZMH (Silfverberg 1987: 26). Note. This species was also made available the same year by an illustration in Fischer von Waldheim (1823: plate 19, figure 6). + + +Platysma borealis +Menetries +, 1851: 50 [secondary homonym of + +Pterostichus borealis + +(Zetterstedt, 1828)]. Type locality: "Taimyrsee bei +741/2 +° n. Br[eite]; Boganida [Russia]" (original citation). Syntypes location unknown (possibly in ZMH). Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). + + +Omaseus rufiscapus +Mannerheim, 1853: 126. Type locality: "insula Kadjak [Alaska]" (original citation). Syntype(s) probably in MHNP (see Chaudoir 1868b: 341). Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). + + +Cryobius hyperboreus +Mannerheim, 1853: 127. Type locality: "insula St. Georgii [Pribilof Islands, Alaska]" (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♀) in ZMH. Synonymy established, under the name + +Pterostichus subexaratus + +(Mannerheim), by Poppius (1906b: 31), confirmed by Ball (1966a: 88). + + +Cryobius subexaratus +Mannerheim, 1853: 128. Type locality: "insula Unalaschka [Alaska]" (original citation for the lectotype). Lectotype (♂), designated by Bousquet (1999: 194), in ZMH. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 88). + + +Cryobius vindicatus +Mannerheim, 1853: 129. Type locality: "oris meridionali et occidentali insulae Kadjak [Alaska]" (original citation). Lectotype (♂), designated by Bousquet (1999: 194), in ZMH. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). + + +Cryobius subcaudatus +Mannerheim, 1853: 132. Type locality: "ad rivulos fl[umen] Tschunuktnu peninsulae Kenai [Alaska]" (original citation). Lectotype (♀), designated by Ball (1966a: 89), in ZMH. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). Note. Brown (1952: 340) noted that based on +Mannerheim's +map (1853: plate 2), +"Tschunuktnu" +River is either Resurrection Creek or Sixmile Creek and that these flow into Turnagain Arm of Cook Inlet and Sunrise respectively. + + +Feronia quadrangularis +J.R. Sahlberg, 1885a: 20. Type locality: "Pitlekaj [Chukchi Peninsula, Siberia]" (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♂) in ZMH. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 88). + + +Feronia rugifera +Tschitscherine +, 1891: 141. Type locality: +"ile +d'Ounalaschka +[Aleutian Islands, Alaska] (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♀) probably in ZILR. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 88). + + +Feronia ventricosa +var. +brevicollis +Tschitscherine +, 1891: 142 [secondary homonym of + +Feronia brevicollis + +(LeConte, 1846)]. Type locality not stated. Syntype(s) location unknown (possibly in ZMMU). Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 88). + + +Feronia borealis +var. +gracilior +Tschitscherine +, 1896b: 376. Type locality: "Novaja Zemlja [= Novaya Zemlya, Russia]" (original citation). Syntype(s) [3 originally cited] in ZILR. Synonymy established, under the name + +Pterostichus borealis + +( +Menetries +), by Poppius (1906b: 97). + + +Pterostichus vegae +Poppius, 1906b: 39. Type locality: "Tschuktschen-Halbinsel bei Jinretlen, NO Sibirien [Russia]" (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♀) in NRSS (Ball 1966a: 88). Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 88). + + +Cryobius czekanowskii +Poppius, 1906b: 46. Type locality: "Fl[umen] Jenissej: Tolstoinos [=Tolstyy Nos, Taymyr Autonomous Okrug, Russia]" (original citation for the lectotype). Lectotype [as holotype] (♀), designated by Ball (1966a: 89), in ZMH. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). + + +Cryobius sedakowi +Poppius, 1908a: 3. Type locality: "Bureja-Fluss, Ost-Sibirien [Russia]" (original citation). Holotype [by monotypy] (♂) in MHNP (collection Chaudoir). Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). + + +Platysma ventricosum +var. +aleutorum +Lutshnik, 1915c: 427. Replacement name for + +Platysma ventricosum + +var. +brevicolle +( +Tschitscherine +, 1891). + + +Cryobius otariidinus +Casey, 1918: 374. Type locality: "S[ain]t Paul Island, Alaska" (original citation), which is probably incorrect (Ball 1966a: 89). Lectotype [as holotype] (♀), designated by Ball (1966a: 89), in USNM [# 47080]. Synonymy established by Ball (1966a: 89). + + +Pterostichus boreus +Csiki, 1930: 652. Replacement name for + +Pterostichus borealis + +( +Menetries +, 1851). + + + +Distribution. +This Holarctic species ranges from Novaya Zemlya in the Arctic Ocean off the coast of European Russia east to Franklin Bay on the coast of Northwest Territories, south in the Nearctic Region to central Northwest Territories and Umnak Island in the Aleutian Islands [see Ball 1963: Fig. 2]. Fossil remnants of this species, dated between about 16,700 and 20,530 years B.P., have been unearthed in northeastern and southeastern Iowa (Schwert 1992: 77; Baker et al. 1986: 96; Woodman et al. 1996: 17); others, older than 33,000 years B.P., have been found in southwestern Ontario (Warner et al. 1988: 37). + + +Records. + +CAN +: NT, YT +USA +: AK - +Holarctic + + + +Note. + +The subspecies + +Pterostichus ventricosus nechaevi + +Lafer and Kuznetsov is endemic to Sakhalin Island and + +Pterostichus ventricosus paludosus + +(Sahlberg) (junior synonym: + +Pterostichus tungusicus + +Poppius) to southeastern Siberia (Ball 1966a: 101). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/25/16632597E6AC91D1209A049F4AE03CC6.xml b/data/16/63/25/16632597E6AC91D1209A049F4AE03CC6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..491eb2a2cf0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/25/16632597E6AC91D1209A049F4AE03CC6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +370 +473 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Centaurea uniflora +Linnaeus + +, + +Systema Naturae +, ed. 12, 2 + +: 572; + +Mantissa Plantarum + +: 118. 1767 + + +, +nom. illeg. + + + +"Habitat in Alpibus Europae australis." RCN: 6586. + + +Type not designated. + + +Original material: [icon] in Boccone, Mus. Piante Rar. Sicilia: 20, t. 2. 1697. + + + +Current name: + + +Centaurea +unifloraTurra + + +( +Asteraceae +). + + + + +Note: +A later homonym of + +Centaurea uniflora +Turra + +( + +Farsetia +Nov. Pl. Gen. + +: 12. 1765), and hence illegitimate. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387A9F10DFFBE05B95B043A3B69EA.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387A9F10DFFBE05B95B043A3B69EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e3dc6f44ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387A9F10DFFBE05B95B043A3B69EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +The second species of Testudacarus and one new record of Torrenticola for the Chinese fauna (Acari, Hydrachnidia, Torrenticolidae) + + + +Author + +GuK, Xin-yao +College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China. + + + +Author + +LiK, Hai-tao +Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, the Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China. + + + +Author + +JinK, Dao-chao +Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, the Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China. + + + +Author + +GuoK, Jian-jun +Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, the Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Guiyang, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China. + +text + + +Acarologia + + +2024 + +2023-12-14 + + +64 + + +1 + + +18 +31 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/a3di-wcie + +journal article +10.24349/a3di-wcie +2107-7207 +10787047 +FEB3DBE2-4578-4EBC-909A-0CF49F106D52 + + + + + + + +Torrenticola rangareddyi +Pešić & Smit, 2019 + + + + +(Figures 6–7) + + + + + + +Torrenticola turkestanica +Pešić & Smit, 2009: 50 + + +. + + + + + + +Torrenticola rangareddyi +Pešić & Smit, 2019: 1872 + + +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE1FFC09AC8FD97FE7268A1.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE1FFC09AC8FD97FE7268A1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0debda44c00 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE1FFC09AC8FD97FE7268A1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,410 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna sipekorum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–10 +, +17 +, +25 +, +32 +, +39 +, +46 +, +54 +) + + + + + +Type +locality. + +India +, +Meghalaya +, SW of Sohra, +29°14´N +91°40´E +. + + +Type material examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: ♂, ‘NE +INDIA +, +Meghalaya +, / SW of +Sohra +, + +800-1000 m + +, / +29°14´N +91°40´E +, / + +v.2005 + +, +C. L. Peša +leg. [w, p]’ ( +NMPC +) + +. + +PARATYPES +: 4 ♂♂ +8 ♀♀ +, same data as holotype (2 ♂♂ +2 ♀♀ +in +NMPC +, 2 ♂♂ +6 ♀♀ +in +JBCB +) + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +, ‘NE +INDIA +, +MEGHALAYA +; / SW of CHERRAPUNJEE; / 25°13´-15´N; 91°40´E; / +500-900m +; +11.-12.v.2004 +; / +R. Businský +leg. [w, p]’ ( +JBCB +); + + +2♂♂,‘ +INDIA +, +Meghalaya State +, / E +Khasi Hills +, +11 km +SW / +Cherrapunjee +, +Laitkynsew +, [w, p] // + +810 m + +, + +21-24.iv.2008 + +/ +25°13´N +, +91°39´E +, +Fikáček +/ +Podskalská +& +Šípek +leg. [w, p]’ ( +JBCB +) + +; + +7♂♂ +10♀♀ +,‘NE +INDIA +, +MEGHALAYA +/ SW of CHERRAPUNJEE / 25°13´-14´N 91°40´E, + +900m + +/ +L. Dembický +leg., + +1.-24.v.2005 + +[w, p] // BMNH {E} / 2006-48 / +L. Dembicky +[w, p]’ ( +BMNH +) + +; + +2 ♂♂ +3 ♀♀ +,‘NE +INDIA +, +MEGHALAYA +, / SW of CHERRAPUNJEE / 25°13´-14´N 91°40´E, / + + +5.-24.v. +2005 + + +, 900m / +P. Pacholátko +leg. [w, p] // BMNH {E} / 2006-48 / +L. Dembicky +[w, p]’ ( +BMNH +) + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +,‘NE +INDIA +, +MEGHALAYA +, / + +8 km +N of SHILLONG + +; / 25°38´N 91°54;~ + +1200m + +/ +L. Dembický +leg.; + +7.-9.v.2004 + +[w, p]’ ( +NHMB +). + + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +7.1–8.9 mm +( +holotype +8.3 mm +), +♀♀ +6.6–9.4 mm +. + + +Male ( +holotype +, +Fig. 54 +). Body orange brown, apices of mandibles black, antennae gradually darkened from antennomere III, apical half of elytra slightly paler than rest of elytra. + + +Interocular space 1.75 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.85 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 14-5-7-15-15-14-16-15-15-14- 17. Pronotum 1.55 times as broad as long. Elytra 1.78 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.70 times as long as body. Apical third of elytra densely covered with short pale setae. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 13-6-7-10. Last ventrite posteriorly without two small incisions ( +Fig. 25 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side with long thin incision; apex ventrally in the middle with high thin keel bent down and wide subtriangular incision on right side ( +Fig. 17 +). + + +Female. Apex of last ventrite almost straight ( +Fig. 32 +), apex of pygidium with large Ushaped incision ( +Fig. 39 +). Spermatheca: nodulus subtubular, slightly wider apically, cornu regularly rounded, as wide as nodulus, apical appendage large, bent up ( +Fig. 46 +). + + +Variability. Ratio width/length of pronotum in males varies between 1.44 +– +1.56, in females 1.50 +– +1.54. + + + + +Differential diagnosis. +Having dense elytral setation and completely brown legs + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +is similar to + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +and + +H. medvedevi + +nom. nov. +While the setation covers at least the apical 2/3 of elytra in + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +it covers about the apical third to half in + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +and + +H. medvedevi + +. All these species can be also separated by the structure of the ventral side of aedeagus. + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +has aedeagus more or less symmetrical ventrally, apex formed by a subtriangular process with a rounded tip, lateral incisions short and of the same depth, while + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +and + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +have aedeagus asymmetrical ventrally with a deep incision on the right and a shallow incision on the left. Proximal part of aedeagus of + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +is comparatively shorter and more robust than in + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +Moreover, ventral side of aedeagus of + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +forms a thin keel bent downwards ( +Figs 11, 14 +, +17 +). Females of these three species can be distinguished by apex of pygidium with an U-shaped incision which is large and deep in + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +, very small in + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +and of medium size in + +H. medvedevi + +( +Figs 34, 37, 39 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Dedicated to Hanka Podskalská and Petr Šípek (now married couple the Šípeks) who collected +two paratypes +. + + + + +Distribution. +India +( +Meghalaya +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE5FFCF9AE5FF30FDEF6846.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE5FFCF9AE5FF30FDEF6846.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cc944281096 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE5FFCF9AE5FF30FDEF6846.xml @@ -0,0 +1,325 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna helferi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 16 +, +24 +, +31 +, +38 +, +45 +, +53 +) + + + + + +Type +locality. + +Myanmar +, Tenasserim [= +Tanintharyi Region +]. + + +Type material examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: ♂, ‘MUS. PRAGENSE / TENASSERIM / COLL. HELFER [w, p]’ ( +NMPC +) + +. + +PARATYPES +: 2 ♂♂ +1 ♀ +and +1 spec. +unsexed (abdomen missing), same data as in +holotype +( +NMPC +, 1 ♂ in +JBCB +). + + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +7.9–8.5 mm +( +holotype +8.5 mm +), +♀ +8.6 mm +. + + +Male ( +paratype +, +Fig. 53 +). Body completely brown, apical half of elytra somewhat paler, apices of mandibles black, antennae gradually darkened from antennomere III. + + +Interocular space twice as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.75 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 16-5-7-15-15-15-16-15-16-14-17. Pronotum 1.55 times as broad as long. Elytra glabrous, 1.65 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.72 times as long as body. Length ratio of metatarsomeres 1–4 equals 12- 7-5-11. Last ventrite posteriorly without two small incisions ( +Fig. 24 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side with long thin incision; apex ventrally with high thin keel in the middle and deep U-shaped incision on right side ( +Fig. 16 +). + + +Female. Apex of last ventrite with three very small protrusions (median and two lateral) ( +Fig. 31 +), pygidium with small U-shaped incision at apex ( +Fig. 38 +). Spermatheca: nodulus relatively narrow, subtubular, slightly extended apically, cornu regularly rounded, slightly wider than nodulus, apical appendage quadrangular ( +Fig. 45 +). + + + + +Figs 41–47. Spermatheca. 41 – + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom. nov. +; 42 – + +H. persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +; 43 – + +H. tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +; 44 – + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +; 45 – + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +; 46 – + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +; 47 – + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +Scale bar 0.25 mm. + + + + +Figs 48–51.Habitus. 48 – + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom. nov. +(male, Vietnam, 8.2 mm); 49 – + +H. persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(male, Thailand, 6.2 mm); 50 – + +H. tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(male, Laos, 9.5 mm); 51 – + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +(male, holotype, 8.4 mm). + + + + +Figs 52–55. Habitus. 52 – + +Hesperopenna bonifaci + +sp. nov. +(male, holotype, 9.5 mm); 53 – + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +(male, paratype, 8.5 mm); 54 – + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +(male, holotype, 8.6 mm); 55 – + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +(male, holotype, 6.9 mm). + + + + +Figs 56–65.Type specimens.56–57 – + +Hesperopenna flava +Medvedev & Dang, 1981 + +(male, holotype, 7.6 mm); 58–59 – + +Calomicrus persimilis +Kimoto, 1989 + +(male, paratype, 7.1 mm); 60–61 – + +Martinella merkli +Medvedev, 2000 + +(male, paratype, 8.5 mm); 62–63 – + +Liroetiella englerae +Medvedev, 1995 + +(female, paratype, 5.8 mm); 64–65 – + +Liroetiella warisan +Mohamedsaid, 1998 + +(female, paratype, 4.1 mm). 56, 58, 60, 62, 64 – habitus; 57, 59, 61, 63, 65 – labels. + + + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Hesperopenna helferi + +sp. nov. +is similar to + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +Both species share glabrous elytra and uniformly brown legs and can be distinguished by the structure of aedeagus which in + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +forms two thin touching processes dorsally and is deeply incised on the left side ventrally, while in + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +forms two wider processes dorsally and is deeply incised on the right side ventrally, moreover with high median keel ( +Figs 15, 16 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Dedicated to a Czech physician and explorer Jan Vilém Helfer (1810 +– +1840) who collected the +type +series and whose collection is now deposited in NMPC. + + + + +Distribution. +Myanmar +( +Tanintharyi Region +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE6FFC89A86FD57FDCF6C39.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE6FFC89A86FD57FDCF6C39.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..52fea6b178c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFE6FFC89A86FD57FDCF6C39.xml @@ -0,0 +1,194 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna bonifaci + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 15 +, +23 +, +52 +) + + + + + +Type +locality. + +Myanmar +, +Kachin State +, +25 km +E Putao, Nansabon vill. + + +Type material examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: ♂, ‘N +Myanmar +, + +800 m + +, / +25 km +E +Putao +, / +Nansabon +vill., +6-9.v. / 1998 +, +S. Murzin +leg. [w, p]’ ( +NMPC +) + +. + +PARATYPE +: 1 ♂, same data as in +holotype +( +JBCB +). + + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +8.7–9.5 mm +( +holotype +9.5 mm +). + + +Male ( +holotype +, +Fig. 52 +). Body completely orange brown, apical half of elytra slightly paler, apices of mandibles black. + + +Interocular space 1.6 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.85 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 19-5-8-18-18-18-18-17-17-15- 17. Pronotum 1.55 times as broad as long. Elytra glabrous (only several pale setae on apical slopes), 1.85 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.75 times as long as body. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 14-7-5-12. Last ventrite posteriorly with two small incisions ( +Fig. 23 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side medially with very long thin incision, apically pointed to two touching processes; ventral side apically asymmetrical, on left with U-shaped incision, on right with short process with rounded apex ( +Fig. 15 +). + +Female unknown. + +Variability. In +paratype +, pronotum 1.45 times as broad as long. + + + + +Differential diagnosis. +Having glabrous elytra and brown legs, + +Hesperopenna bonifaci + +sp. nov. +is similar to + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +Both species can be distinguished by the structure of aedeagus which in + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +forms two thin touching processes dorsally and is deeply incised on the left side ventrally, while in + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +forms two wider processes dorsally and is deeply incised on the right side ventrally, moreover with a high median keel ( +Figs 15, 16 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Dedicated to Bonifác the black tom cat of Jiří Hájek and Květa Kalíková. + + + + +Distribution. +Myanmar +( +Kachin State +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A01FD9BFDA2696A.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A01FD9BFDA2696A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..26a9e5cb1f3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A01FD9BFDA2696A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Monolepta apicalis +( +Mohamedsaid, 2001 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + + + + +Liroetiella apicalis +Mohamedsaid, 2001: 252 + + +(original description); + +MOHAMEDSAID (2004) +: 96 + +(catalogue). + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +‘ +Malaysia +, +Sabah +, Lembah Danum’. + + + +Type +material. + +Not examined. + + + + +Distribution. +Malaysia +: +Sabah +( +MOHAMEDSAID 2001 +). + + + + +Comments. +After the tentative transfer of this species to + +Monolepta + +it is now a homonym of + +Monolepta apicalis +(Sahlberg, 1823) + +. However, I avoid to suggest a new name till its definitive placement in + +Monolepta + +is confirmed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A1CFC4DFD426EAA.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A1CFC4DFD426EAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5d97860be42 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A1CFC4DFD426EAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Monolepta sallehnori +( +Mohamedsaid, 1998 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + + + + +Liroetiella sallehnori +Mohamedsaid, 1998: 230 + + +(original description); + +MOHAMEDSAID (2004) +: 96 + +(catalogue). + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +‘ +Malaysia +, +Perak +, Temengor’. + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: ♂, ‘ +PERAK +: +Temengor +/ +Ekspedisi +MNS-Belum / + +29-30 Jan. 1994 + +/ +Salleh +& +Ismail +[w, p] // + + +HOLOTYPE +[p] / +Liroetiella +/ sallehnori +n. sp. +[h] / des. Mohamedsaid 199 [p] 8 [h] [white label with red margins]’ ( +UKM +) + +. +PARATYPE +: +1 spec. +unsexed, ‘ +PERAK +: Temengor / Ekspedisi MNS-Belum / +15-20 Nov. 1993 +/ Salleh, Ismail & Sham [w, p] // +PARATYPE +[p] / +Liroetiella +/ sallehnori +n. sp. +[h] / des. Mohamedsaid 199 [p] 8 [h] [white label with red margins]’ ( +UKM +). + + + + +Distribution. +Malaysia +: +Perak +( +MOHAMEDSAID 1998 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A5BFF31FDC3685C.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A5BFF31FDC3685C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5e3a961f6e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC49A5BFF31FDC3685C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Monolepta antennata +( +Mohamedsaid & Kimoto, 1993 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + + + + +Liroetiella antennata +Mohamedsaid & Kimoto, 1993: 45 + + +(original description); + +MOHAMEDSAID (1995) +: 5 + +; +MOHAMEDSAID (1997): 167 +; + +MOHAMEDSAID (1999a) +: 15 + +; + +MOHAMEDSAID & HOLLOWAY (1999) +:166 + +; + +MOHAMEDSAID (2003) +:240 + +(figure of antennae); + +MOHAMEDSAID (2004) +: 96 + +(catalogue); + +MOHAMEDSAID & FURTH (2011) +: 45. + + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +‘ +Malaysia +, +Sabah +, Lembah Danum’. + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +♂ +, ‘ +SABAH +: +Lembah Danum +/ 27-31 Ogm 91 / Salleh, Zaidi, Mail, Lan [w, p] // HOLOTYPE [p] / +Liroetiella +/ antennata +n. sp. +[h] / des. Mohamedsaid 199 [p] 2 [h] / & Kimoto [h] [white label with red margins]’ ( +UKM +). + + + +Additional material examined + +( +1 spec. +). +MALAYSIA +: +Sabah +, Lembah Danum, +5.-8.xii.1992 +, 1 ♂, Ismail, Yusof & Razali leg. ( +MSNV +). + + + + + +Distribution. +Malaysia +: +Sabah +( +MOHAMEDSAID & KIMOTO 1993 +; +MOHAMEDSAID 1995 +, +1997 +, 1999; +MOHAMEDSAID & HOLLOWAY 1999 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC59A00FB0DFE6C6B6F.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC59A00FB0DFE6C6B6F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cce65f03aaf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEAFFC59A00FB0DFE6C6B6F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Monolepta warisan +( +Mohamedsaid, 1998 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 64–65 +) + + + + + + + +Liroetiella warisan +Mohamedsaid, 1998: 232 + + +(original description); +MOHAMEDSAID (1999): 129 +; + +MOHAMEDSAID & HOLLOWAY (1999) +: 166 + +; + +MOHAMEDSAID (2000) +: 310 + +; + +MOHAMEDSAID (2004) +: 96 + +(catalogue). + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +‘ +Malaysia +, +Perak +, Temengor’. + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +♂ +, ‘ +PERAK +: +Temengor +/ +Ekspedisi +MNS-Belum / 29 Nov. - 5 Dis. 1993 / Ismail, Yusof, Bidi, Sayful [w, p] // HOLOTYPE [p] / +Liroetiella +/ warisan +n. sp. +[h] / des. Mohamedsaid 199 [p] 8 [h] [white label with red margins]’ ( +UKM +). + + +PARATYPES +: +1 spec. +unsexed, ‘ +PERAK +: Temengor / Ekspedisi MNS-Belum / 29 Nov. - 5 Dis. 1993 / Ismail, Yusof, Bidi, Sayful [w, p] // +PARATYPE +[p] / +Liroetiella +/ warisan +n. sp. +[h] / des. Mohamedsaid 199 [p] 8 [h] [white label with red margins]’ ( +UKM +) + +; + +1♀ +, ‘ +PERAK +: +Temengor +/ +Ekspedisi +MNS-Belum / 29 Nov. - 5 Dis. 1993 / +Ismail +, +Yusof +, +Bidi +, +Sayful +[w, p] // +PARATYPE +[p] / +Liroetiella +/ warisan +n. sp. +[h] / des. Mohamedsaid 199 [p] 8 [h] [white label with red margins] // COLLEZIONE / DACCORDI M. [pale blue label, p]’ ( +MSNV +). + + + + + +Distribution. +Malaysia +: +Perak +( +MOHAMEDSAID 1998 +), +Sabah +(MOHAMEDSAID 1999, 2000, +MOHAMEDSAID & HOLLOWAY 1999 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEBFFC59AD0FE4AFD1768B5.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEBFFC59AD0FE4AFD1768B5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71402c1008c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEBFFC59AD0FE4AFD1768B5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +‘Liroetiella’ + +englerae +Medvedev, 1995 + + + + + + + +( +Figs 62–63 +) + + + + + + + +Liroetiella englerae +Medvedev, 1995: 11 + + +(original description). + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +‘ +Leyte +, VISCA N Baybay’. + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +♀ +, ‘ +PHILIPPINEN +: +LEYTE +/ VISCA N Baybay 1991 / Untersu- IV.-IX. / chungsbelege A. ENGLER [yellow label, p] // Chrys. / Ast 10 [w, h] // Holotypus [red label, p] // HOLOTYPUS [p] / +Liroetiella +/ englerae / m. [h] / L. Medvedev det. 199 [p] 3 [w, h]’ ( +SMNS +). + + + + + +Distribution. +Philippines +: +Leyte +( +MEDVEDEV 1995 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEEFFC19AB6FD00FE756886.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEEFFC19AB6FD00FE756886.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bea000434eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFEEFFC19AB6FD00FE756886.xml @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna zofka + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 18 +, +26 +, +33 +, +40 +, +47 +, +55 +) + + + + + +Type +locality. + +Indonesia +, +Java +, Bogor env. + + +Type material examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: ♂, ‘ +West Java + +II.1991 + +/ BOGOR env. / +R. Čermák +lgt. [w, p]’ ( +NMPC +) + +. + +PARATYPES +: 2 ♂♂ +7 ♀♀ +, same data as in +holotype +( +2 ♀♀ +NMPC +, 1 ♂ +3 ♀♀ +in JBCP, 1 ♂ +2 ♀♀ +in +JSCP +) + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +, ‘ID-JAVA cent. +Kudus +env. / Colo- +1 km +N of / +Gunung Muria + +1050-1200m + +/ 21.- + +23.1.1998 + +/ +R. Červenka +lgt. [w, p]’ ( +JBCB +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, ‘ +Indonesia +, +Bali +occ. / + +6 km +E of Gilimanuk + +/ + +31.1.1998 + +, +R. Červenka +lgt. / +pitfall baited traps +[w, p]’ ( +JBCB +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, ‘ +L. G. E. Kalshoven +/ +Java +[p] 700 [h] M. [p] / +Djember +[h] / 18.II [h] 19 [p] 19 [h] +No +[p] 842 [w, h] // 842 [w, h] // + +Le Moult + +vend. / via +Reinbek +/ +Eing. +1 – 1957 [w, p]’ ( +ZMUH +) + +; + +1 ♂, ‘ +L. G. E. Kalshoven +/ +Java +……M. [p] / Djember [h] / XI [h] 19 [p] 19 [h] No [p] 842 [w, h] // +Le Moult +vend. / via Reinbek / Eing. 1 – 1957 [w, p]’ ( +ZMUH +) + +; + +1 spec. +unsexed, ‘ +Java +orient. / +Montes Tengger +/ 4000´1890 / +H. Fruhstorfer. +[blue-gray label, p]’ ( +RMNH +) + +. + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +6.8–8.9 mm +( +holotype +6.9 mm +), +♀♀ +7.6–9.4 mm +. + + +Male ( +holotype +, +Fig. 55 +). Body yellowish orange, apices of mandibles black, antennomeres I and II yellowish, rest of antennomeres black, extreme lateral margin of epipleura in basal half black. Femora yellowish, tibiae and tarsi black, last two tarsomeres and claws dark brown. Last ventrite posteriorly with two small incisions ( +Fig. 26 +). + +Interocular space 1.5 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.9 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 15-5-7-14-14-15-15-15-15-13-15. Pronotum 1.40 times as broad as long. Elytra glabrous, 1.75 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.75 times as long as body. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 12-6-4-9. + +Aedeagus: dorsal side apically with symmetrical triangular incision; ventral side with very long thin incision medially ( +Fig. 18 +). + + +Female. Last ventrite with wide concavity at apex, lateral sides slightly concave ( +Fig. 33 +), pygidium with simple sharp triangular tip ( +Fig. 40 +). Spermatheca: nodulus large, globular, cornu regularly rounded, slightly narrower than nodulus ( +Fig. 47 +). + +Variability. Ratio width/length of pronotum varies between 1.40–1.55. + + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Hesperopenna zofka + +sp. nov. +is very similar to + +H. tibialis + +. Both species share a similar structure of aedeagus with a very long basal orifice longer than the proximal part of aedeagus, bicolorous legs and glabrous elytra. + +Hesperopenna zofka + +sp. nov. +differs from + +H. tibialis + +in black antennae with first two antennomeres yellow (completely yellow antennae in + +H. tibialis + +) and in epipleura always with black extreme lateral margin in the basal half (epipleura completely yellow or at most with brownish extreme lateral margin in + +H. tibialis + +). Males can be distinguished by the long thin incision on the ventral side of aedeagus which is placed medially in + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +while placed on the right side in + +H. tibialis + +( +Figs 13 +, +18 +). Females of both species can be separated by the shape of pygidium: apex simply triangular in + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +while distinctly pointed in + +H. tibialis + +( +Figs 36, 40 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Dedicated to Žofka the small black cat of Jiří Hájek and Květa Kalíková. Noun in apposition. + + + + +Distribution. +Indonesia +( +Java +, +Bali +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FA74FEFC6C42.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FA74FEFC6C42.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dfa359ac324 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FA74FEFC6C42.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Hesperopenna minor +group. + + + + + + +Body length 3.2 +– +5.0 mm. Body completely orange.Antennomere III about 1.3–1.5 times longer than anntenomere II. Pronotum transverse, 1.6 +– +2.2 times as wide as long, covered with fine dense punctures. Elytra glabrous. Aedeagus relatively short, simple ( +Fig. 68 +). + + + + +Species included. + +Hesperopenna minor +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.) and at least two undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FB5BFD7C6F9D.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FB5BFD7C6F9D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b3c39a2c05 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FB5BFD7C6F9D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Hesperopenna pallida +group. + + + + + + +Body length + +4.2 +– +5.7 mm + +. Body completely orange or tibiae and metaventrite black. Antennae longer than body, antennomere III about 1.5 +– +3.5 times longer than anntenomere II. Pronotum 1.3 +– +1.4 times as wide as long, covered with fine dense punctures. Elytra glabrous. Aedeagus simple, long, thin, with long internal sclerite ( +Fig. 67 +). + + + + +Species included. + +Hesperopenna annulicornis +(Jacoby, 1896) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. antennalis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. fulvicollis +(Jacoby, 1896) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. pallida +( +Jacoby, 1894 +) + +(comb. nov.) and at least two undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FC4AFC1B6E8C.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FC4AFC1B6E8C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0eb49fe8271 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FC4AFC1B6E8C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Hesperopenna vietnamica +group. + + + + + + +Body length + +5.1 +– +7.1 mm + +. Body completely yellow or with tibiae, tarsi and/or head black. Antennomere III about 1.5 +– +3.0 times longer than anntenomere II. Pronotum transverse, 1.6 +– +1.8 times as wide as long, finely punctate. Elytra glabrous. Aedeagus dorsally with two thin lateral processes, incision between them very deep, reaching basal third of aedeagus, ventral side apically with or without hook-like process ( +Fig. 66 +). + + + + +Species included. + +Hesperopenna vietnamica +( +Medvedev, 2000 +) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. thailandica +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.) and at least four undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FE79FCC2699F.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FE79FCC2699F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e55e893f2b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF0FFDE9BC1FE79FCC2699F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Hesperopenna medvedevi +group. + + + + + +Larger species, body length 6.6–10.0 mm. Body completely yellow, orange or brown, legs completely pale or tibiae and tarsi black, antennae usually gradually darkened from antennomere III or IV, or black with first two antennomeres pale, or, rarely, antennae completely yellow. +Antennomere III about 1.5–2.0 times longer than anntenomere II. Pronotum less transverse, 1.40–1.60 times as wide as long, widest in anterior third, lustrous, with very fine, almost indistinct punctures, lateral margins moderately rounded, channeled, posterior margin rounded. Scutellum triangular with apex shortly rounded. Elytra lustrous (in species with pubescent elytra the places with setae semiopaque), glabrous or partly covered with short dense setae. Pygidium of females often incised at apex, in some species apex pointed. + +Aedeagus long, robust, subtubular, with basal orifice large and long, with two endophallic sclerites: one very large, with spoon-like apex and distinct ridges ventrally, always protruding aedeagus, second thin, usually hidden inside the aedeagus ( +Figs 11–18 +). + + + + +Species included. + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom. nov. +(for + +flava +Medvedev & Dang, 1981 + +), + +H. tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.) (= + +merkli +Medvedev, 2000 + +, +syn. nov. +), + +H. persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.) and 5 new species described below. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFD09A3EFC0CFBE96BA1.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFD09A3EFC0CFBE96BA1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..92addc4daab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFD09A3EFC0CFBE96BA1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Key to the species groups of + +Hesperopenna + + + + + + + + +1 Pronotum less transverse, 1.30–1.60 times as wide as long. .......................................... 2 + + +– Pronotum more transverse, 1.60–2.20 times as wide as long. ....................................... 4 + + + + + +2 Antennae longer than body, antennomere III about 1.5 +– +3.5 times longer than anntenomere II. Pronotum 1.3 +– +1.4 times as wide as long. Aedeagus simple, long, thin, with one internal sclerite ( +Fig. 67 +). Body length + +4.2 +– +5.7 mm + +. .................... + + +Hesperopenna pallida + +group + + + + +– Antennae shorter than body. ........................................................................................... 3 + + + + + +3 Larger species (body length 6.6–10.0 mm). Pronotum with very fine, almost indistinct punctures. Aedeagus long, robust, tubular, with basal orifice large and long ( +Figs 11–18 +). ..................................................................................... + + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +group + + + + + +– Smaller species (body length 3.7–7.0 mm). Pronotum with fine dense punctures, often with two or four small slightly elevated areas on disc. Aedeagus with relatively short proximal part, apex often bent down ( +Fig. 70 +). ...................... + + +Hesperopenna granulicollis + +group + + + + + + + +4 Aedeagus short, simple ( +Fig. 68 +), without long dorsolateral projections. Antennomere III about 1.3–1.5 times longer than anntenomere II. Small species (body length 3.2 +– +5.0 mm). ................................................................................... + + +Hesperopenna minor + +group + + + + +– Aedeagus dorsolaterally with two thin processes, ventrally often with apical hook-like process or long projection from basal part directed anteriorly. ...................................... 5 + + + + + +5 Aedeagus ventrally with or without apical hook-like process ( +Fig. 66 +), always without long projection from basal part directed anteriorly. Antennomere III about 1.5 +– +3.0 times longer than anntenomere II. Body length + +5.1 +– +7.1 mm + +. ..................................................... ..................................................................................... + + +Hesperopenna vietnamica + +group + + + + + +– Aedeagus ventrally with long projection from basal part directed anteriorly. Antennomere III about 1.3 +– +1.5 times longer than anntenomere II. Body length + +3.8 +– +6.5 mm + +. ............... ............................................................................................ + + +Hesperopenna bicolor + +group + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFDF9B27FE40FEFC68F6.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFDF9B27FE40FEFC68F6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db4b8c12566 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFDF9B27FE40FEFC68F6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Hesperopenna granulicollis +group. + + + + + + +Body length 3.7 +– +7.0 mm. Antennomere III about two times longer than anntenomere II. Body completely orange, tibiae sometimes black. Pronotum transverse, 1.45–1.55 times as wide as long, distinctly covered with fine dense punctures, often with two or four small slightly elevated areas on the disc. Elytra glabrous. Aedeagus with relatively short proximal part, apex often bent down ( +Fig. 70 +). + + + + +Species included. + +Hesperopenna granulicollis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. fulva +(Kimoto, 1977) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. flava +( +Jacoby, 1892 +) + +(comb. nov.) (= + +kimotoi +Warchałowski, 1991 + +, +syn. nov. +), + +H. romantsovi + +nom. nov. +(for + +Levnma thailandica +Medvedev & Romantsov, 2013 + +) (comb. nov.), + +H. malayana +( +Medvedev & Romantsov, 2013 +) + +(comb. nov.) and at least six undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFDF9B27FF37FC586B86.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFDF9B27FF37FC586B86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9408d5155e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF1FFDF9B27FF37FC586B86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Hesperopenna bicolor +group. + + + + + + +Body length + +3.8 +– +6.5 mm + +. Body completely orange or tibiae and tarsi or head black. Antennomere III about 1.3 +– +1.5 times longer than anntenomere II. Pronotum 1.6 +– +2.0 times as wide as long, covered with almost indistinct to fine dense punctures Aedeagus ventrally with long projection from basal part directed anteriorly ( +Fig. 69 +). + + + + +Species included. + +Hesperopenna bicolor +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +(comb. nov.), + +H. shinsakui + +nom. nov. +(for + +Calomicrus bicolor +Kimoto, 1989 + +) and at least two undescribed species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF5FFDD9A04FE11FD646C46.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF5FFDD9A04FE11FD646C46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69e1c53155e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF5FFDD9A04FE11FD646C46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,338 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Genus + +Hesperopenna +Medvedev & Dang, 1981 + + + + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna +Medvedev & Dang, 1981: 634 + + +(original description), +type +species + +Hesperopenna flava +Medvedev & Dang, 1981 + +(by original designation); + +KIMOTO (1989) +: 99 + +. + + + + + + +Liroetiella +Kimoto, 1989: 106 + + +(original description), +type +species + +Liroetiella tibialis +Kimoto, 1989 + +(by original designation); + +MOHAMEDSAID (2004) +: 96 + +(catalogue); +syn. nov. + + + + + + +Martinella +Medvedev, 2000:166 + + +(original description), +type +species + +Martinella merkli +Medvedev, 2000 + +(by original designation); preoccupied by + +Martinella + +Jousseaume, +1887 + + +in Mollusca: Gastropoda; +syn. nov. + + + + + + +Levnma +Özdikmen, 2008: 644 + + +(replacement name for + +Martinella +Medvedev, 2000 + +); +syn. nov. + + + + + +Redescription. +Body. Small to medium-sized (3.5–10.0 mm), oblong ovate, convex, glabrous or elytra pubescent. Complete body usually coloured in various shades of yellow, orange or brown, elytra often with paler apical half; antennae, tibiae, tarsi, head, pronotum or part of underside black in some species. + + +Male. Head ( +Fig. 1 +). Labrum transverse, subrectangular, with rounded anterior angles, anterior margin usually shallowly concave, dorsally with several setiferous pores. Anterior part of head subtriangular, more or less elevated, posterior tip with distinctly raised nasal keel. Frontal tubercles subtriangular, with anterior angles produced to interantennal space, apically separated from each other by nasal keel, basally by thin furrow, from frons separated by impressed line. Interocular space wide, 1.25–1.60 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Interantennal space narrow, 0.60–1.00 times as wide as transverse diameter of antennal socket. Eyes small to medium sized, rounded or shortly elliptical, convex. Vertex wide, convex. Mandibles with four teeth. Apical maxillar palpomere conical. Antennae ( +Fig. 6 +) with 11 antennomeres, filiform, 0.75–1.25 times as long as body, antennomere III 1.5–4 times longer than anntenomere II, apical antennomeres 6–8 times longer than wide. + + +Prothorax. Pronotum subquadrate to transverse, wider than long, ratio of length to width 1.30 to 1.80, anterior margin straight or almost straight, posterior margin rounded or straight medially, lateral margins more or less rounded, anterior margin unbordered, posterior margin thinly bordered, lateral margins with wider border, sometimes chanelled. Surface glabrous, almost impunctate or finely to distinctly punctate, moderately convex, sometimes laterally with slightly elevated callosity, always with short shallow transverse or oblique impression behind anterior angles ( +Fig. 2 +). Procoxal cavities opened behind ( +Fig. 3 +), intercoxal prosternal process thin, low anteriorly, gradually increasing posteriorly. + + +Scutellum small, triangular, with apex sharp or more or less rounded. Mesothorax slender, posteriorly divergent, in middle of posterior margin with thin sharp procession. Metathorax wide, convex ( +Fig. 4 +). + + + +Figs 1–10. Morphological details of + +Hesperopenna sipekorum + +sp. nov. +1 – head; 2 – pronotum in lateral view; 3 – prothorax; 4 – meso- and metathorax; 5 – left elytron in lateral view; 6 – right antenna; 7 – left hind leg; 8 – claw; 9 – vaginal palpi; 10 – tignum and sternite VIII. Scale bars: 1 mm for Figs 1–5 and 9–10, 2 mm for Figs 6–7, 0.25 mm for Fig. 8. + + + +Elytra. Elongate, convex, widest in posterior third, usually glabrous but in several species almost whole elytra or their posterior half densely covered with short pale semierected setae (sometimes partly abraded), punctation dense, fine, confused, without postscutellar impression. Epipleura impunctate, wide basally, in basal quarter slightly extended, narrowed in middle part, slender posteriorly, gradually disappearing at apex ( +Fig. 5 +). Elytral base distinctly wider than pronotal base, humeral calli well developed. Lateral and basal borders well developed, basal border ending near scutellum. Macropterous. + + +Legs moderately thin ( +Fig. 7 +), apices of middle and metatibiae with spine. Tarsi thin, first tarsomeres of all legs elongate triangular, base of metatarsomere I not darkened, about as long as two following metatarsomeres combined. Claws appendiculate ( +Fig. 8 +). + +Abdomen. Posterior margin of last ventrite concave, sometimes straight in middle of concavity, without two incisions or with only very short indicated incisions, extreme posterior margin bent downwards. Surface in front of apical concavity transversely rounded and impressed. +Structure of aedeagus variable, from relatively simple to very complicated (see definitions of species groups), with large elongate basal orifice and internally with one or two large and long sclerites. + +Female.Abdomen usually more convex, last ventrite entire or with wide shallow subtriangular incision. Pygidium entire or with narrow wedge-shaped incision. Spermatheca: nodulus globular or subglobular, cornu relatively narrow, distinctly inserted into nodulus, apex with distinct small appendix, spermathecal duct basally wider. Vaginal palpi, tignum and sternite VIII as in +Figs 9–10 +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +The genus + +Hesperopenna + +belongs to the subtribe +Luperina +( +Galerucinae +: Luperini) and is characterised by combination of the following characters: filiform antennae, anterior margin of pronotum unbordered, procoxal cavities open, apices of meso- and metatibiae with spine, metatarsomere I about as long as two following metatarsomeres combined, claws appendiculate and usually complicated structure of aedeagus. + + +In habitus, some oblong ovate species of + +Calomicrus + +(polyphyletic in current concept) and + +Erganoides +Jacoby, 1903 + +are similar mainly to smaller species of + +Hesperopenna + +. In both + +Calomicrus + +and + +Erganoides + +pronotum is regularly convex, without any oblique impression behind anterior angles, which is typical for + +Hesperopenna + +. Last abdominal ventrite of male is trilobed with relatively short but always well developed incisions in both + +Calomicrus + +and + +Erganoides + +while the incisions are either missing or only indicated in + +Hesperopenna + +. In general appearance + +Hesperopenna +species + +may resemble also some Oriental genera/species of the section Monoleptites (e.g. + +Monolepta + +, + +Ochralea +Clark, 1865 + +, + +Paleosepharia +Laboissière, 1936 + +, etc.) but can be easily distinguished by shorter metatarsomere I (typically elongated in Monoleptites, cf. +WILCOX 1973 +, +WAGNER 2004 +). + + + + +Distribution +(based partly on specimens of formally undescribed species studied by the author). +Vietnam +, +Thailand +, +Laos +, +Cambodia +, South +China +, eastern provincies of +India +, +Indonesia +( +Sumatra +, +Java +, +Bali +), +Malaysia +(Peninsular +Malaysia +, +Sarawak +). Most known species are accumulated in continental SE Asia. + + +Previous records from +Malaysia +( +MOHAMEDSAID & KIMOTO 1993 +; +MOHAMEDSAID 1995 +, +1997 +, +1998 +, 1999, 2000, 2001; +MOHAMEDSAID & HOLLOWAY 1999 +) and the +Philippines +( +MEDVEDEV 1995 +) deal with species excluded here from + +Hesperopenna + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF8FFC89A80FCF0FD406881.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF8FFC89A80FCF0FD406881.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9dbcd08b8ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFF8FFC89A80FCF0FD406881.xml @@ -0,0 +1,467 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna arnoldi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 14 +, +22 +, +30 +, +37 +, +44 +, +51 +) + + + + + +Type +locality. + +China +, +Yunnan +, Jinghong env., +21°57.617′N +100°35.985′E +. + + +Type material examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: ♂, ‘ +China +, +Yunnan +, env./ +Jinghong +12/19.vi.2006 / +N 21°57,617´ +/ +E 100°35,985´ + +1350 m + +/ +R. Novak +leg. [w, p]’ ( +NMPC +) + +. + +PARATYPES +: +3 ♀♀ +, ‘12- + +21.6.2006 + +Čína +/ +Jinghong +1550 mnm / +N 21°57 +, +E 100°35 +/ lgt. +Kremitovský +[w, p]’ ( +JBCB +) + +; + +1 ♂ +, ‘NW +Thailand +, + +1.-7.V. / 1992 + +, +MAE HONG SON +/ +Ban Si Lang +/ + +1000m + +, +S. Bily +leg. [w, p]’ ( +NHMB +) + +; + +3 ♂♂ +1 ♀ +, ‘ +LAOS +c. +Bolikhamsai prov. +/ BAN NAPE-KAEW NUA-pass / + +18 iv – 1 v + +1998 + + +, +600m. +/ +N 18°22,3´ +E 105°09,1´ +/ lgt +Sausa +[w, p]’ ( +RBCN +, +UACG +) + +; + +1 ♀ +,‘ +LAOS +north, + +13-24.V.1997 + +/ +15 km +NW +Louang Namtha +/ +N 21°07.5 +, +E 101°21.0 +/ alt. 750± + +100 m + +/ +E. Jendek +& +O. Šauša +leg. [w, p]’ ( +JBCB +) + +; + +1 ♀ +,‘ +LAOS +, / +Luang Namtha +/ 1997 [w, p]’ ( +FKCC +) + +. + + + +Material not included in the +type +series. + + +2 ♂♂, ‘ +LAOS +c. +Bolikhamsai prov. +/ BAN NAPE-KAEW NUA-pass / + +18 iv – 1 v +1998 + +, +600m. +/ +N 18°22,3´ +E 105°09,1´ +/ lgt Sausa [w, p]’ ( +RBCN +, +UACG +). + +See Comments below. + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +7.7–9.2 mm +( +holotype +8.4 mm +), +♀♀ +7.7–10.0 mm. + + +Male ( +holotype +, +Fig. 51 +). Body completely brown, apices of mandibles black, antennae gradually darkened from antennomere III, apical half of elytra slightly paler than rest of elytra. + + +Interocular space 1.87 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.80 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 14-5-7-15-16-16-16-16-16-14- 15. Pronotum 1.60 times as broad as long. Elytra 1.77 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.80 times as long as body. At least apical two thirds of elytra densely covered with short pale setae. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 12-5-5-9. Last ventrite posteriorly with two small incisions ( +Fig. 22 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side with long thin incision separating slightly wider and longer left part with wider apex from narrower and shorter right part with subtriangular apex; ventral side apically with tape-like slightly right-turn process in middle, right side with deep U-shaped incision, left side with short triangular incision ( +Fig. 14 +). + + + +Figs 19–26. Last abdominal ventrite of males.19 – + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom. nov. +; 20 – + +H. persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +; 21 – + +H. tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +; 22 – + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +; 23 – + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +; 24 – + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +; 25 – + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +; 26 – + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +Scale bar 1 mm. + + + +Female. Apex of last ventrite with wide shallow concavity ( +Fig. 30 +), pygidium with small U-shaped incision ( +Fig. 37 +). Spermatheca: nodulus subglobular, cornu regularly rounded, wider than nodulus, apical appendage distinct, triangular ( +Fig. 44 +). + + +Variability. Width/length ratio of pronotum in males varies between 1.51 +– +1.60, in females 1.46 +– +1.57. + + + + +Differential diagnosis. +Having most of elytral surface densely covered with short pale setae and completely brown legs, + +Hesperopenna arnoldi + +sp. nov. +is similar to + +H. medvedevi + +nom. nov. +and + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +Elytral setation covers at least the apical 2/3 of elytra while only the apical half in + +H. medvedevi + +and + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +All three species can be separated by the structure of the ventral side of aedeagus. + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom. nov. +has aedeagus more or less symmetrical ventrally, apex formed by a subtriangular process with a rounded tip, lateral incisions short and of the same depth, while + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +and + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +have aedeagus asymmetrical ventrally with a deep incision on the right and a shallow incision on the left. Proximal part of aedeagus of + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +is comparatively shorter and more robust than in + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +Moreover, ventral side of aedeagus of + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +forms a thin keel bent downwards ( +Figs 11, 14 +, +17 +). Females of these three species can be distinguished by apex of pygidium with an U-shaped incision which is large and deep in + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +, very small in + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +and of medium size in + +H. medvedevi + +( +Figs 34, 37, 39 +). + + + + +Etymology. +Dedicated to Ulf Arnold ( +Berlin +, +Germany +), specialist in +Chrysomelidae +, who kindly allowed the study of specimens from his collection. + + + + +Distribution. +China +( +Yunnan +), +Laos +, +Thailand +. + + + + +Comments. +Two males from +Laos +are left out of the +type +series because the deep U-shaped incision in the apical part of the ventral side of aedeagus is placed oppositely (on the left side, while in all other males it is placed on the right side). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFCFFD39A0BFE17FDB76BA1.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFCFFD39A0BFE17FDB76BA1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6934895c635 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFCFFD39A0BFE17FDB76BA1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 12 +, +20 +, +28 +, +35 +, +42 +, +49 +, +58–59 +) + + + + + + + +Calomicrus persimilis +Kimoto, 1989: 102 + + +(original description); + +WARCHAŁOWSKI (1991) +: 50 + +(key); + +MOHAMEDSAID & CONSTANT (2007) +: 167 + +(faunistics). + + + + + + +Martinella persimilis +: +MEDVEDEV (2000) + +: 169 + +(key). + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +‘ +Laos +: Sedone Prov., Pakse’. + + +Type material examined. + +HOLOTYPE +: +♂ +, ‘ +LAOS +: / +Sedone Prov. +/ +Pakse +/ 31.V.196 [p] 5 [w, h] // Native Collector / BISHOP MUS. [w, p] // HOLOTYPE [red label, p] // +Calomicrus +/ persimilis / n. sp. [w, h] // PHOTO [red label, p] // 14964 [pink label, h]’ ( +BPBM +). + + +PARATYPES +: 1 ♂ +1 ♀ +, ‘ +LAOS +: / +Sedone Prov. +/ +Pakse +/ 31.V.196 [p] 5 [w, h] // +Native Collector +/ BISHOP MUS. [w, p] // PARATOPOTYPE [blue label, p] // +Calomicrus +/ persimilis / n. sp. [w, h]’ ( +BPBM +) + +; + +2 ♂♂, ‘ +LAOS +: / + +Ile +de Khong + +/ + +17.IV.1965 + +[w, p] // +J. L. Gressitt +/ Collector / BISHOP MUSEUM [w, p] // +PARATYPE +[blue label, p] // +Calomicrus +/ persimilis / n. sp. [w, h]’ ( +BPBM +). + + + +Additional material examined +( +11 spec. +). + + +THAILAND +: +LOEI +PROV.: + +Phu Kradung N. P., +16°52´N +101°49´E +, +1000 m +, +16.-17.v.1999 +, +1 ♀ +, M. Říha leg. ( +JBCB +). + + + +PHETCHABUN PROV. + +: Lom Sak – Dan Sai, +17.–19.v.1993 +, 6 ♂♂ +3 ♀♀ +, Pacholátko & Dembický leg. ( +JBCB +, +JVCJ +). + + + +LAOS +: +VIENTIANE +PROV.: + +Vientiane, 1 ♂, Vitalis leg. ( +NMPC +). + + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ 6.6–7.0 mm, +♀♀ +7.2–7.5 mm +. + + +Male ( +Fig. 49 +, +paratype +Fig. 58 +). Body completely orange, only apices of mandibles black. + + +Interocular space 1.5 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.80 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 11-4-5-13-12-12-12-13-12-12- 13. Pronotum 1.42 +– +1.54 times as broad as long. Elytra glabrous, 1.75 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.70 times as long as body. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 9-4-4-7. Last ventrite with two very small incisions posteriorly, depression on the disc anteriorly surrounded with U-shaped ridge ( +Fig. 20 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side with deep asymmetrical incision on left side, on right side with short rounded process and wide shallow subtriangular incision; ventral side gradually tapering to triangular apex, ventral surface flat ( +Fig. 12 +). + + +Female. Apex of last ventrite widely rounded ( +Fig. 28 +), pygidium with obtusangulate apex ( +Fig. 35 +). Spermatheca: nodulus subglobular, cornu regularly rounded with very long apical appendix ( +Fig. 42 +). + + + + +Differential diagnosis. +Due to glabrous elytra and uniformly brown legs + +Hesperopenna persimilis + +is similar to + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +and + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +but differs from both species in the subapical impression on the last ventrite in male, anteriorly surrounded with an U-shaped ridge (without ridge in + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +and + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +) ( +Figs 20, 23, 24 +) and simple triangular apex of the ventral side of aedeagus (ventral side of aedeagus asymmetrical with a deep U-shaped incision in + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +and + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +– incision on the right side in + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +, on the left side in + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +) ( +Figs 12 +, +15, 16 +). Females of + +H. persimilis + +and + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +can be separated by the shape of pygidium: apex obtusangulate in + +H. persimilis + +while with a small U-shaped incision in + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +( +Figs 35, 38 +). + + + + +Distribution. +Laos +( +KIMOTO 1989 +, present paper), +Vietnam +( +KIMOTO 1989 +), +Thailand +(MOHAMEDSAID & CONSTANT 2007, present paper). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFDFFD69A1EFE37FEE168E6.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFDFFD69A1EFE37FEE168E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c0728cf5f35 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFDFFD69A1EFE37FEE168E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,581 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 13 +, +21 +, +29 +, +36 +, +43 +, +50 +, +60–61 +) + + + + + + + +Liroetiella tibialis +Kimoto, 1989: 110 + + +(original description). + + + + +Martinella merkli +Medvedev, 2000: 167 + + +(original description); +syn. nov. + + + + +Calomicrus flavus +: +KIMOTO (1989) + +: 102 + +(faunistics, partim). + + + + + + +Type +localities. + + +Liroetiella tibialis + +: ‘ +Laos +: +Khammouane Prov. +, Phon Tiou’. + +Martinella merkli + +: ‘ +Laos +, Bolikhamsay Prov., Phou Khao Khouay NBCA, Tad Leuk Waterfall’. + + +Type material examined. + +Liroetiella tibialis + +: + +PARATYPES +: 1♂, ‘ +LAOS +: / +Khammouane Prov. +/ +Phon Tiou +/ + +17.V.1965 + +[w, p] // +Native Collector +/ +Collector +[w, p] // PARATOPOTYPE [blue label, p] // +Liroetiella +/ tibialis / n. sp. [w, h] // PHOTO [red label, p]’ ( +KMNH +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, ‘ +Laos +/ Umg. +Vientiane +/ + +III.-VI.1963 + +[w, p] // +PARATYPE +[blue label, p] // +Liroetiella +/ tibialis / n. sp. [w, p] // Zool. Staatsslg. / München [pale blue label, p]’ ( +ZSM +). + + + + +Martinella merkli + +: +PARATYPES +: + +1♂, ‘ +LAOS +, Bolikhamsay Prov., / Phou Khao Kouay NBCA, / Tad Leuk Waterfall, +280 m +, [w, p] // at light, No. 46, / +11-12. IV. 1998 +, / leg. O. Merkl & G. Csorba [w, p] // +PARATYPUS +[p] / +Martinella +[h] / merkli m. [h] / +L. Medvedev +det. 19 [p] 99 [red label, h]’ ( +LMCM +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, ‘ +LAOS +, +Bolikhamsay Prov. +, / +Phou Khao Kouay +NBCA, / +Tad Leuk Waterfall +, + +280 m + +, [w, p] // at light, No. 46, / + +11-12. IV. 1998 + +, / leg. +O. Merkl +& +G. Csorba +[w, p] // PARATYPUS [p] / +Martinella +[h] / merkli m. [h] / L. Medvedev det. 19 [p] 99 [red label, h] // MUSEO GENOVA / Ex. coll. Medvedev / Acquisto +XI. 2003 +[w, p]’ ( +MCSN +). + + + +Additional material examined +( +16 spec. +). + + +LAOS +: +VIENTIANE +PROV.: + +Lao Pako +env., + +55 km +NE of Vientiane + +, + +200 m + +, + +1.-4.v.2004 + +, 6 ♂♂ +2♀♀ +, +J. Bezděk +leg. ( +JBCB +) + +; + +Vientiane +env., + +iii.–vi.1963 + +, +1♀ +, without additional data ( +ZSM +) + +; + + +KHAMMOUAN PROV. + +: +17°43′N +105°09′E +, + +500–600 m + +, + +22.v.–8.vi.2001 + +, +1 ♀ +, +E. Jendek +& +O. Šauša +leg. ( +JBCB +) + +. + + +VIETNAM +: +DONG +NAI PROV.: + +Nam Cat Tien +N. P., + +1.–15.v.1994 + +, +2♀♀ +, +P.Pacholátko +& +L. Dembický +leg.( +NMW +) + +. + + +MALAYSIA +: + +Federal Malay States +, 1909, 1 +♂, C. J. Brooks +leg. ( +BMNH +). + + + +PERAK +: + + +40 km +SE of Ipoh + +, +Banjaran Titi Wangsa +, +Ringlet +, + +900 m + +, + +25.iii–3.iv.2002 + +, 1 ♂ 2 unsexed specimens, +P. Čechovský +leg. ( +RBCN +, +UACG +). + + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +7.9–9.8 mm +, +♀♀ +7.5–9.3 mm +. + + +Male ( +Fig. 50 +, +paratype +of + +Martinella merkli + +Fig. 60 +). Body yellowish orange, apices of mandibles black, antennae completely yellow, epipleura either completely yellowish orange or extreme lateral margin of epipleura in basal third brownish. Femora yellowish, tibiae and tarsi black, last tarsomere and claws dark brown. + + +Interocular space 1.5 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.8 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 17-5-7-16-18-16-17-16-15-14-15. Pronotum 1.52 +– +1.65 times as broad as long. Elytra lustrous, glabrous, 1.75 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.7 times as long as body. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 12-6-5-10. Last ventrite posteriorly without two incisions ( +Fig. 21 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side apically with short triangular asymmetrical incision; ventral side with very long thin incision placed right along longitudinal axis ( +Fig. 13 +). + + +Female. Last ventrite with wide concavity at apex, lateral sides regularly rounded ( +Fig. 29 +), pygidium with sharp pointed tip ( +Fig. 36 +). Spermatheca: nodulus subglobular, cornu relatively thin, regularly rounded, slightly wider than nodulus ( +Fig. 43 +). + + + + +Figs 11–14.Aedeagus (a – dorsal view; b – lateral view; c – ventral view). 11 – + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom.nov. +; 12 – + +H. persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +; 13 – + +H. tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + +; 14 – + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +Scale bar 1 mm. + + + + +Figs 15–18. Aedeagus (a – dorsal view; b – lateral view; c – ventral view). 15 – + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. +; 16 – + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. +; 17 – + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +; 18 – + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +Scale bar 1 mm. + + + + +Differential diagnosis. +Having bicolorous legs and glabrous elytra, + +Hesperopenna tibialis + +is similar to + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +from +Java +. Both species also share similar structure of aedeagus with a very long basal orifice longer than the proximal part of aedeagus, which might indicate a close relationship. + +Hesperopenna tibialis + +can be distinguished by completely yellow antennae (black with first two antennomeres yellow in + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +) and epipleura completely yellowish orange or at most with brownish extreme lateral margin (always with black extreme lateral margin in basal half in + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +). Males of both species can be distinguished by long thin incision on the ventral side of aedeagus. While it is located on the right side in + +H. tibialis + +, it is placed medially in + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +( +Figs 13 +, +18 +). Females of both species can be separated by the shape of pygidium: apex is distinctly pointed in + +H. tibialis + +while simply triangular in + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. +( +Figs 36, 40 +). + + + + +Distribution. +Laos +( +KIMOTO 1989 +, +MEDVEDEV 2000 +, present paper), +Thailand +( +KIMOTO 1989 +). Newly recorded from +Vietnam +and Peninsular +Malaysia +. + + + + +Comments. +One specimen of + +Calomicrus flavus + +from +Laos +published by +KIMOTO (1989) +proved to be a female of + +H. tibialis + +. Record of + +Liroetiella tibialis + +from +Thailand +published by +MOHAMEDSAID & CONSTANT (2007) +refers to + +Hesperopenna vietnamica + +(relevant specimens examined in IRSN). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFEFFD19A00FDA3FBCF6BC1.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFEFFD19A00FDA3FBCF6BC1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e96579c46c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFEFFD19A00FDA3FBCF6BC1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,264 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + +Key to the species of + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +group + + + + + + + +1 Tibiae and tarsi black, elytra yellowish, glabrous. ......................................................... 2 + + + +– +Legs completely brownish or orange, elytra brown, glabrous or partly covered with fine setae. ............................................................................................................................... 3 + + + + + + +2 Antennae completely yellow. Extreme margin of epipleura in apical third yellow or at most brownish. Aedeagus ventrally with long thin incision placed on right side ( +Fig. 13 +). Female pygidium with apex distinctly pointed ( +Fig. 36 +). +Laos +, +Thailand +, Peninsular +Malaysia +. ................................................................................ + +H. tibialis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + + + + + +– +Antennae black with first two antennomeres pale. Extreme margin of epipleura in apical third black. Aedeagus ventrally with long thin incision placed medially ( +Fig. 18 +). Female pygidium with apex simply triangular ( +Fig. 40 +). +Indonesia +( +Java +, +Bali +). ......................... ............................................................................................................... + + +H. zofka + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +3 Elytra glabrous. .............................................................................................................. 4 + + + +– +Elytra densely covered with fine setae at least in apical half of elytra, .......................... 6 + + + + + + +4 Last ventrite in male with subapical impression anteriorly surrounded with U-shaped ridge ( +Fig. 20 +). Aedeagus ventraly flat, with gradually tapering triangular apex ( +Fig. 12 +). Female pygidium with apex obtusangulate ( +Fig. 35 +). +Vietnam +, +Laos +, +Thailand +. .............. ............................................................................................ + +H. persimilis +( +Kimoto, 1989 +) + + + + + +– +Last ventrite in male without U-shaped ridge. Female pygidium with small U-shaped incision at apex ( +Fig. 38 +). ............................................................................................... 5 + + + + + + +5 Aedeagus dorsally with two thin touching processes, ventrally with deep incision on left side, ventral surface not keeled in the middle ( +Fig. 15 +). North +Myanmar +. ....................... .......................................................................................................... + + +H. bonifaci + +sp. nov. + + + + + +– +Aedeagus dorsally forms two wider touching processes, ventrally with deep incision on right side, ventral surface with high median keel ( +Fig. 16 +). Female pygidium with small U-shaped incision at apex ( +Fig. 38 +). South +Myanmar +. ....................... + + +H. helferi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +6 Elytra densely covered with fine setae only in apical half. ............................................ 7 + + + +– +Elytra almost completely covered with fine setae (at least in apical two thirds). Aedeagus ventrally with deep U-shaped incision on right side ( +Fig. 14 +). Female pygidium with small semicircular incision at apex ( +Fig. 37 +). +Laos +, +Thailand +, +China +( +Yunnan +). ........................ ............................................................................................................ + + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +7 Aedeagus ventrally with symmetrical subtriangular apex, lateral incisions short and of the same depth, ventral surface flat with thin median keel ( +Fig. 11 +). Female pygidium with U-shaped incision and slightly concave posterior margins near incision ( +Fig. 37 +). +Vietnam +. ................................................................................... + + +H. medvedevi + +nom. nov. + + + + + +– +Aedeagus ventrally asymmetrical, with very deep and wide subtriangular incision on right side, ventral surface with high median keel apically forming robust process bent downwards ( +Fig. 17 +). Female pygidium with deep U-shaped incision with oblique apical margins straight ( +Fig. 39 +). +India +( +Meghalaya +). ............................ + + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFFFFD29AC4FE17FE966BC6.xml b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFFFFD29AC4FE17FE966BC6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b05ff672da --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/87/166387BCFFFFFFD29AC4FE17FE966BC6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,333 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Hesperopenna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae). I. Generic redescription, definition of species groups and taxonomy of H. medvedevi species group + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +Mendel University, Department of Zoology, Zemědělská 1, CZ – 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic +bezdek@mendelu.cz + +text + + +Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae + + +2013 + +2013-11-15 + + +53 + + +2 + + +715 +746 + + + +journal article +2443 +10.5281/zenodo.5740035 +6874a62b-f2be-4314-b3ef-fd91600ffceb +0374-1036 +5740035 +9A396426-08FE-4E2A-A4EF-CD0DA819D8AF + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna medvedevi + +nom. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 11 +, +19 +, +27 +, +34 +, +41 +, +48 +, +56–57 +) + + + + + + + +Hesperopenna flava +Medvedev & Dang, 1981: 634 + + +(original description); + +KIMOTO (1989) +: 99 + +. + + + + + + +Type +locality. + +Vietnam +, Baktkhay, +50 km +N of +Thai Nguyen +. + + +Type material. + +HOLOTYPE +: +♂ +, ‘ +Вьетнам +горы / +Тхaй- Нгуен 50км +[p] / 21. [h] y [p] I. [h] 196 [p] 3 [h] Кабаков [w, p] // Holotypus [p] / +Hesperopenna flava +/ +L. Medv. +et D-Dap [red label, h]’ ( +LMCM +). + + + +Additional material examined +( +8 spec. +). + + +VIETNAM +: +NINH +BINH PROV.: + +Cuc Phong N. P. +, +20°21′10″N +105°35′00″E +, + +440 m + +, + +24.-28.iv.2012 + +, 4 ♂♂ +3 ♀♀ +, +E. Jendek +leg. ( +JBCB +) + +; + +Cuc Phuong +, + +3.–10.v.1966 + +, +1 ♀ +, +G. Topál +leg. ( +ZMHB +) + +. + + + + +Description. +Body length: ♂♂ +7.6–8.5 mm +( +holotype +7.6 mm +), +♀♀ +8.0–9.0 mm. + + +Male ( +Fig. 48 +, +holotype +Fig. 56 +). Body completely pale brown, antennae pale brown or darkened from antennomere IV, apical half of elytra slightly paler than rest of body. + + +Interocular space 1.5 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae 0.85 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres I to XI equals 15-4-7-13-14-14-16-15-15-14-15. Pronotum 1.50 +– +1.55 times as broad as long. Elytra 1.7 times as long as wide (measured at humeral calli), 0.70 times as long as body. Apical half of elytra densely covered with short pale setae. Length ratio of metatarsomeres I–IV equals 12-6-6-9. Last ventrite posteriorly without two incisions ( +Fig. 19 +). + + +Aedeagus: dorsal side with long thin incision separating slightly wider and longer left part from narrower right part; ventral side apically with wide subtriangular process, in middle with distinct sharp keel ( +Fig. 11 +). + + +Female. Pronotum 1.48–1.58 times as broad as long. Apex of last ventrite with wide triangular incision ( +Fig. 27 +), pygidium with U-shaped incision and slightly concave posterior margins near incision ( +Fig. 34 +). Spermatheca: nodulus globular, cornu regularly rounded, apical appendage bent up ( +Fig. 41 +). + + + + +Differential diagnosis. +Due to the apical half of elytra covered with short pale setae and completely brown legs, + +H. medvedevi + +nom. nov. +is similar to + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +and + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +In + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +at least the apical 2/3 of elytra are covered with short pale setae, while only the apical half is covered with setae in + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +and + +H. medvedevi +. + +Aedeagi of all three species share a thin long incision in the middle of dorsal side. Ventral side of aedeagus in + +H. medvedevi + +is more or less symmetrical, apex formed by subtriangular process with a rounded tip, lateral incisions short and of the same depth ( +Fig. 11 +). On the other hand, ventral sides of aedeagus in + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +and + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +have assymetrical apex with a deep U-shaped ( + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +) or V-shaped ( + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +) incision on the right and very short incision on the left ( +Figs 14 +, +17 +). Females of these three species can be distinguished by apex of pygidium with an U-shaped incision which is large and deep in + +H. sipekorum + +sp. nov. +, very small in + +H. arnoldi + +sp. nov. +, and of medium size in + +H. medvedevi + +( +Figs 34, 37, 39 +). + + + + +Distribution. +North +Vietnam +( +MEDVEDEV & DANG 1981 +, present paper). + + + + +Comments. + +Hesperopenna flava +Medvedev & Dang, 1981 + +is a junior secondary homonym of + +H. flava +( +Jacoby, 1892 +) + +(comb. nov.), thus a replacement name + +H. medvedevi + +nom. nov. +is proposed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/8D/16638DA211808C5DC26CA99AA9B08C2D.xml b/data/16/63/8D/16638DA211808C5DC26CA99AA9B08C2D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ef73d794e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/8D/16638DA211808C5DC26CA99AA9B08C2D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Male secondary sexual structures and the systematics of the Thereusoppia species group (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini) + + + +Author + +Robbins, Robert K. + + + +Author + +Heredia, Maria Dolores + + + +Author + +Busby, Robert C. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +520 + + +109 +130 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.520.10134 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.520.10134 +1313-2970-520-109 +A3F77DC0CA0F48149F097FE1A6042447 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Lycaenidae + + + +Thereus oppia (Godman & Salvin, 1887) +Figs 3, 7, 11, 14, 17, 21 + + + + +Diagnosis +. + + +The male of +Thereus oppia +is distinguished from +Thereus lomalarga +and +Thereus brocki +by lacking a scent pad on the dorsal forewing (Fig. 3) and from +Thereus orasus +by having a darker gray/brown ventral ground color (Fig. 3). Both sexes differ from the other members of the species complex by lacking dark scaling along the basal edge of the postmedian line on the ventral wings (Fig. 3). +Thereus oppia +has small teeth on the ventral tip of the penis (Fig. 17), in contrast to +Thereus brocki +and +Thereus orasus +. + + + +Nomenclature. +We examined a syntype of this species in the BMNH. + + +Distribution and habitat. + +Thereus oppia +occurs from Mexico to Costa Rica at a variety of elevations. Most localities where it occurs appear to be deciduous dry forest. It is allopatric with its sister species, +Thereus brocki +. + + + +Male behavior. + +Territorial male behavior was observed at Ciudad Valles, SLP, Mexico in the early afternoon (vouchers in RCB), in contrast to the early morning territorial behavior of +Thereus lomalarga +. + + + +Adult flower feeding. + +Adults of +Thereus oppia +were found nectaring on +Cordia +( +Boraginaceae +) flowers at two localities in Veracruz, Mexico (vouchers in RCB). + + + +Caterpillar food plant. + +From +Janzen and Hallwachs (2015) +, a pupa was found 30 April 1993 on +Struthanthus orbicularis +(Kunth) Blume ( +Loranthaceae +) at Sendero Carobonal, Santa Rosa, Area de +Conservacion +Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Costa Rica, latitude 10.77594, longitude -85.65799. An adult male (voucher 93-SRNP-30, deposited USNM) emerged 16 May 1993. As an associated comment on the web site, "red-brown pupa with white markings laterally so that it looks just like a bird turd, sitting on the top of a mistletoe leaf in middle of large plant (this species is a sprawler, vine/shrub); host tree was leafless." The leafless host tree is the reason that we consider the mistletoe plant on which the pupa was found to be the caterpillar food plant. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/90/1663909E16DE79A0A1462604BC124E66.xml b/data/16/63/90/1663909E16DE79A0A1462604BC124E66.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cb6a4d6ea62 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/90/1663909E16DE79A0A1462604BC124E66.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +The ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Strandzha Mountain and adjacent coastal territories (Bulgaria and Turkey) + + + +Author + +Kostova, Rumyana + + + +Author + +Gueorguiev, Borislav + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8135 +8135 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8135 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8135 +1314-2828-4-8135 + + + + +Bembidion (Omoperyphus) semibraccatum Netolitzky, 1911 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +R. Kostova +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Brodilovo Vill, along Eleshnitsa River +; verbatimElevation: +17 +; verbatimCoordinates: +N42°05'35.4" +, +E27°49'53.0" +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate: +04/07/2009 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/63/A5/1663A56E50BB7E0CB5DA50C0B5D39431.xml b/data/16/63/A5/1663A56E50BB7E0CB5DA50C0B5D39431.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d9431f9f640 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/63/A5/1663A56E50BB7E0CB5DA50C0B5D39431.xml @@ -0,0 +1,495 @@ + + + +The Pteridaceae family diversity in Togo + + + +Author + +Abotsi, Komla Elikplim + + + +Author + +Radji, Aboudou R. + + + +Author + +Rouhan, Germinal + + + +Author + +Dubuisson, Jean-Yves + + + +Author + +Kokou, Kouami + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5078 +5078 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5078 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5078 +1314-2828-3-5078 + + + + +Pteris togoensis Hieron. + + + + +Pteris kamerunensis +Hieron., +P. quadriaurita +sensu Sim., +P. biaurita +sensu Sim. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +11779 +; recordNumber: 23; recordedBy: +K. Akpagana +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Centrale; decimalLatitude: +8.05 +; decimalLongitude: +0.7833333 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. Akpagana; dateIdentified: /6/1982; Event: eventDate: +/6/1982 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12079 +; recordNumber: 9421; recordedBy: +J.-F. Brunel +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.6666667 +; decimalLongitude: +0.8 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: J.-F. Brunel; dateIdentified: /2/1986; Event: eventDate: +/2/1986 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12081 +; recordNumber: 67; recordedBy: +J.N. Terrible +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Centrale; decimalLatitude: +8.7 +; decimalLongitude: +0.7666667 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: J.-F. Brunel; dateIdentified: 1973; Event: eventDate: +1973 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12082 +; recordNumber: 67bis; recordedBy: +J.N. Terrible +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Centrale; decimalLatitude: +8.7 +; decimalLongitude: +0.7666667 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: C.A. Meyer; dateIdentified: 1980; Event: eventDate: +1973 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12083 +; recordNumber: 9830; recordedBy: +J.-F. Brunel +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Maritime; decimalLatitude: +7.4666667 +; decimalLongitude: +0.9 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: J.-F. Brunel; dateIdentified: /1/1987; Event: eventDate: +/1/1987 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12086 +; recordNumber: 3747; recordedBy: +J.-F. Brunel +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7 +; decimalLongitude: +0.75 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: C.A. Meyer; dateIdentified: 1980; Event: eventDate: +1975 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12087 +; recordNumber: 8192; recordedBy: +J.-F. Brunel +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +6.6666667 +; decimalLongitude: +1.1333333 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: J.-F. Brunel; dateIdentified: /1/1984; Event: eventDate: +/1/1984 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12090 +; recordNumber: 60; recordedBy: +K. Akpagana +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Centrale; decimalLatitude: +8.1833333 +; decimalLongitude: +0.65 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. Akpagana; dateIdentified: /10/1982; Event: eventDate: +/10/1982 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30027 +; recordNumber: 8; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.51362435 +; decimalLongitude: +0.5959822 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-03-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30037 +; recordNumber: 53; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +8.17442335 +; decimalLongitude: +0.65783707 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +05-08-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30051 +; recordNumber: 108; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.58277662 +; decimalLongitude: +0.61448552 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-05-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30052 +; recordNumber: 109; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.58306294 +; decimalLongitude: +0.61890419 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-05-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30053 +; recordNumber: 113; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.58247905 +; decimalLongitude: +0.61955957 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-05-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30062 +; recordNumber: 156; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +8.19615939 +; decimalLongitude: +0.61607224 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +05-09-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30070 +; recordNumber: 175; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +8.01520112 +; decimalLongitude: +0.63320513 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +05-11-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30076 +; recordNumber: 232; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.12241675 +; decimalLongitude: +0.6552094 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-09-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30080 +; recordNumber: 271; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.11301655 +; decimalLongitude: +0.6092368 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-11-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30090 +; recordNumber: 291; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +6.95445561 +; decimalLongitude: +0.58201724 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-15-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30095 +; recordNumber: 303; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +6.94569087 +; decimalLongitude: +0.57891444 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-15-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +30099 +; recordNumber: 309; recordedBy: +ABOTSI, SODJINOU & MINGOU +; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Pteristogoensis Hieron.; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Pteris; specificEpithet: togoensis; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: Hieron.; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +6.85207518 +; decimalLongitude: +0.7539773 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: K. E. Abotsi; dateIdentified: /05/2013; Event: eventDate: +04-16-13 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Native + + + +Distribution +Togo (Ecological Zones 2, 3, 4 and 5), Principe Isl., Bioko Isl., Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Sudan, Madagascar, Mali + + +Notes + +Pteris togoensis +is a terrestrial fern, with erect or shortly creeping rhizome. Fronds are scaly, in clumps, often reaching over 1m long (Fig. 17a, b). The petiole, 20 to 45 cm long, is reddish at the extreme base, stramineous above, canaliculate and smooth. The lamiina is bipinnatifid, 20 to 60 cm long; composed by 7-14 pairs of lateral pinnae. The lower pinnae are opposite, 4-5cm spaced, stalked, falcate, forming an angle of 80° with the rachis. The pinnae have a linear-oblong outline, divided almost to the rachis in 20-25 contiguous segments, oblong-obtuse, entire. The tip of the pinnae is linear, entire, of about 2 cm. The first pair of pinnae has a lower pinnatifid auricule. The upper pinnae are subopposite or alternate, sessile. The rachis is stramineous and glabrous. The lower side of lamina carries some yellow glands. The costa is smooth, with a spine on the upper side, at the insertion of the midrib of the lobe. The leaf blade has a sub-coriaceous texture. The ribs are free, usually bifurcated towards the middle. The sori do not reach the top of the lobe, nor the base of the sinus (Fig. 17c, d). +Pteris togoensis +grows almost everywhere in the forests, agro-forests, fallow land, roadsides and river banks. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/64/03/166403221ED8BDF31CB417CFEE5E4975.xml b/data/16/64/03/166403221ED8BDF31CB417CFEE5E4975.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bb5abd18cf3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/64/03/166403221ED8BDF31CB417CFEE5E4975.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +An annotated checklist of the chrysidid wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) from China + + + +Author + +Rosa, Paolo +Via Belvedere 8 / d, I- 20881 Bernareggio (MB), Italy + + + +Author + +Wei, Na-sen +Department of Entomology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China + + + +Author + +Xu, Zai-fu +Department of Entomology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-11-19 + + +455 + + +1 +128 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.455.6557 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.455.6557 +1313-2970-455-1 +7346B2B940BF4358AFE4B3F30023F9F2 +FF9EFF935938FF8EFF4DFFEBFFAEFF82 +578622 + + + + +173. +Primeuchroeus kansitakuanus (Tsuneki, 1970) + + + + +Chrysis kansitakuanus +Tsuneki 1970b +: 9. Holotype ♀, Taiwan: Chiai Province: Kansitaku (9 (tax., descr.), 10 (Taiwan, Kansitaku, descr., figs 23-26, comp. notes), depository: OMNH, not NIAS). + + +Primeuchroeus kansitakuanus +: +Bohart 1988 +: 22 (fig.2), 23 (key); +Kimsey and Bohart 1991 +: 542 ( +ghilianii +group); +Wei et al. 2014a +: 45 (key), 48 (China: Zhejiang: +Lin'an +, Mt. Qingliangfeng; Fujian: +Da'an +; Hubei, Jingmen, Jingshan; Hunan: Mt. Huping, Shinianzigou; Mt. Huping, Shinianzigou; Mt. Huping, Zongfeng; Mt. Huping, Shuawu village; Huaihua; Guangzhou: Wangzishan Forest Park; Liuxihe Forest Park; Guangdong: Chebaling National Nature Reserve; Hainan: Mt. Wuzhi; Guizhou: Tianzhu; Mayang River, Dahe Dam; Yunnan: Jinggu, Yunhai Reserve; Yingjiang; Chenggong, Luoyang, tax.), 50 (figs 19-20, ♀), 51 (figs 21-27, ♀, descr.), 52 (biol., +ghiliani +group). + + + +Distribution. + +China (Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guizhou, Yunnan). Malaysia, Viet Nam ( +Kimsey and Bohart 1991 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/64/62/166462058C841FA0419473D670BFBE29.xml b/data/16/64/62/166462058C841FA0419473D670BFBE29.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5440187f637 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/64/62/166462058C841FA0419473D670BFBE29.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828--8013 + + + + +Rhicnocoelia Graham, 1956 + + + + +DOGHMIELLA +Delucchi, 1962 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/65/11/16651138E3387663D3E2F8D74487BFB2.xml b/data/16/65/11/16651138E3387663D3E2F8D74487BFB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c12eee2ffd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/65/11/16651138E3387663D3E2F8D74487BFB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Longinischus ornatus, a new genus and new species of Ozophorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae) from Guatemala + + + +Author + +Brailovsky, Harry + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2292 + + +65 +68 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.275307 +1aba6609-2a6d-441b-b730-f7dda7b8da03 +1175-5326 +275307 + + + + + + +Key to the Guatemalan Genera of +Ozophorini + + + + + + + + +1. Basal segments of abdomen laterally with a cross-striated, crescent-shaped stridulitrum; plectrum consisting of scattered small tubercles on base of hind femur + +........................................................................... +Lygofuscanellus + +Scudder + + + +- Basal segments of abdomen laterally without stridulatory structures .......................................................................... 2 + + + + + +2. Lateral edge of corium (viewed laterally) with a finely striated stridulitrum; hind femora with plectrum (regular and dense field of tubercles on apical half); anterolateral margins of pronotum sharply and broadly explanate, gently narrowing to humeral angles, without posterior notch + +................................................................................ +Balboa + +Distant + + + + +- Lateral edge of corium (viewed laterally) without stridulitrum; hind femora without plectrum; anterolateral margins of pronotum blunty carinate, or if explanate (some species of + +Ozophora + +) then ending abruptly to form a notch at humeral angles .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 + + + + + + +3. Coleopteroid, clavus and corium completely fused; ocelli absent; collar lacking + +..................... +Longinischus + + +gen. nov. + + + + + +- Usually macropterous, if hemelytra modified then not extremely so; ocelli present; collar present + +... +Ozophora + +Uhler + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/65/11/16651138E3397660D3E2FA43450AB911.xml b/data/16/65/11/16651138E3397660D3E2FA43450AB911.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba21a94462c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/65/11/16651138E3397660D3E2FA43450AB911.xml @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ + + + +Longinischus ornatus, a new genus and new species of Ozophorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae) from Guatemala + + + +Author + +Brailovsky, Harry + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2292 + + +65 +68 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.275307 +1aba6609-2a6d-441b-b730-f7dda7b8da03 +1175-5326 +275307 + + + + + + + +Longinischus + +gen. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 1–2 +) + + + + +Type +species: + +Longinischus ornatus + + +sp. nov. + + + + + +Description. +Body elongate oval, coleopteroid, non flattened, without stridulitrum and plectrum; dorsally and ventrally uniformly shining and polished. Head pentagonal, dorsally flat, wider than long, longer than entire pronotal length, and slightly declivent anteriorly. Clypeus unarmed, apically globose, raised, extending anteriorly to and laterally higher than juga and antenniferous tubercle, and almost reaching distal end of antennal segment I; postclypeal sulcus absent. Antenniferous tubercle unarmed, set below middle third of eye; antennal segment I robust, becoming wider from base toward apex, curved; segments II and III slender, nearly cylindrical, IV broadly fusiform; antennal segment IV stouter and longer than other segments, III the shortest, II longer than I. Ocelli absent; eyes sessile, dorso-ventrally elongate, removed from anterolateral margins of pronotum; dorsal border of eye not raised above vertex. Buccula narrow, evanescent, raised at anterior third, posteriorly closed. Labium reaching anterior border of metasternum; segment I stoutest, short, not extending beyond middle third of head. Pronotum wider than long, nearly quadrate (lateral margins slightly convex), not separated into anterior and posterior lobes; in lateral view convex; no collar apparent on anterior margin; anterolateral margin not emarginated; frontal angles not exposed; humeral angles rounded, not exposed; posterior margin straight. Metathoracic scent gland auricle elongate, finger-like, curving posteriorly; evaporative area reduced, truncated at outer margin, barely extending laterally beyond auricle. Scutellum triangular, slightly longer than wide; lateral margins not emarginated; apex subacute; disk lacking a median elevation. Hemelytra convexly rounded, resembling a beetle-like structure in which the fused clavus and corium form a single coriaceous wing cover that meets the opposite cover and reaching posterior margin of abdominal segment VI; costal margin emarginated; hemelytral membrane reduced to a small flap. Legs unarmed; fore femora incrassate, similar in width to succeeding femora; tibia straight; second tarsal segment of each leg much smaller than segments I and III. Abdomen with trichobothrial arrangement on segment V one anterior and two posterior to the spiracle, suture IV–V slightly curved anteriorly; abdominal spiracles ventral, located below sternal shelf; no inner laterotergites present. Pilosity: Dorsal surface clothed with widely separated upstanding golden setae, enlarged at apices to appear as a series of tiny pins projecting from body surface. Abdominal sterna clothed with finer golden semierect setae. Setae on antennal segments I to IV upstanding and longer than diameter of the segment. Femora clothed with elongate, suberect golden setae, scarcely shorter than diameter of the segment; tibiae densely clothed with suberect golden setae, shorter or nearly equal to the diameter of the segment. Punctation: Head, scutellum, dorsal abdominal segments, and abdominal sterna impunctate; calli with few scattered punctures; posterior pronotal lobe with two or three irregular and deep punctures; anterior margin of pronotal disk with two rows of deep punctures. Claval area with two rows of deep punctures, one following scutellar margin, the other indicating where the now fused claval/corial margin would have been; corium with few deep punctures at basal third. Posterior margin of propleura with one row of irregular, deep punctures; mesopleura with scattered deep punctures; metapleura with a row of deep punctures near posterior margin. + + +Male. +Unknown. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Longinischus + +gen. nov. +is distinguished from +Icacoris +Slater (1985) +by the flat vertex, smaller eyes, and longer pronotum with disk less convexly elevated. + +Longinischus + +is distinguished from + +Brailovskyocoris +( +Slater 1993 +) + +by the unarmed fore femora, and absence of a hemelytral membrane. + + + + +Comments. +The systematic position of + +Longinischus + +here described is complicated by the modification of various morphological features associated with coleoptery. As noted by +Slater (1985 +, +1993 +) such extreme coleoptery is usually accompanied by the loss of, or extreme reduction of, the hind wing and often by a partially desclerotized abdominal tergum. Such lygaeids appear to occur primarily, if not exclusively, in two habitats: in xeric habitats of prolonged ecological stability or at high elevations in mountains. + + +Despite a similar forewing modification, + +Longinischus + +, + +Brailovskyocoris +Slater (1993) + +and +Icacoris +Slater (1985) +are not closely related. + + + +Longinischus +, +Brailovskyocoris + +and +Icacoris +have in common: Absence of ocelli; eyes small, set slightly away from anterolateral margin of pronotum; antennal segment IV the longest; collar poorly differentiated to absent; humeral angles rounded; posterior margin of pronotal disk straight; pronotum not separated into anterior and posterior lobe; scutellum lacking a median carina; and hemelytra coleopteroid with clavus and corium fused. + + + + +In + +Brailovskyocoris + +, recorded from +Mexico +, the head is declivent, vertex is tumidly convex, antennal segment I is the shortest, anterolateral margin of pronotum is carinate, calli are swollen, hemelytral membrane is absent, and fore femora are armed. In + +Longinischus + +recorded from +Guatemala +, the head is weakly declivent anteriorly, the vertex is flat, the antennal segment III is the shortest, the anterolateral margin of pronotum are not carinate, the calli are flat, not convex, the hemelytral membrane is reduced to a small flap and the fore femur are unarmed. + + +In +Icacoris +, recorded from +Colombia +, the eyes are large and slightly protuberant, the vertex is strongly convex, antennal segment I is the shortest and II and III equal in length, the pronotum is extremely short, broad, rectangular, the anterolateral margin of the pronotum is broadly explanate, the pronotal disk strongly convex, the scutellum punctate and the hemelytral membrane extends posteriorly to the anterior margin of tergum VII. In + +Longinischus + +the eyes are smaller, barely protuberant, the vertex is flat, the antennal segment III is the shortest, and II is longer than I, the pronotum is nearly quadrate, the anterolateral margin of pronotum is not expanded, the pronotal disk is slightly convex, the scutellum is impunctate and the hemelytral membrane reaching the posterior margin of tergum VI. + + + + +Etymology. +Named for John Longino, distinguished American Hymenopterist. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/65/11/16651138E33B7662D3E2F80F4433BCE1.xml b/data/16/65/11/16651138E33B7662D3E2F80F4433BCE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bd61a3ab8bb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/65/11/16651138E33B7662D3E2F80F4433BCE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Longinischus ornatus, a new genus and new species of Ozophorini (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae) from Guatemala + + + +Author + +Brailovsky, Harry + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2292 + + +65 +68 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.275307 +1aba6609-2a6d-441b-b730-f7dda7b8da03 +1175-5326 +275307 + + + + + + + +Longinischus ornatus + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs 1–2 +) + + + + +Description. +Holotype +female. Color. Body mostly pale shiny reddish-brown; antennal segments I and IV shiny reddishbrown, segment II pale yellow with basal joint shiny reddish-brown, and III pale yellow; clypeus (apex shiny reddishbrown), basal third of hemelytron (punctures shiny reddish-brown) and costal margin of corium pale shiny castaneous orange; labium with segments I to IV yellow (apical third of IV black); coxae, trochanter and femora shiny castaneous orange; tibiae shiny castaneous orange with apical third yellow; tarsi yellow; metathoracic peritreme and evaporative area black; abdominal sternite VII shiny reddish-brown except for shiny yellow middle third. + + +Measurements: +Head length 0.49; width across eyes 0.53; interocular space 0.35; preocular distance 0.34; antennal segment length I, 0.22, II, 0.27, III, 0.20, IV, 0.40; pronotum length 0.43; width across humeral angles 0.86; scutellar length 0.20; width 0.19; total body length 2.39. + + + + + +Type + +. +Holotype +female, + +GUATEMALA +: + +El Progreso, Cerro Piñalon, Finca Las Nubes, +2500 m +, +15°08’38.5’’N- +89°94’25.8’’W +, +21-IX-2008 +, R. Anderson ( +UNAM +). + + + + +Male. +Unknown. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Longinischus ornatus + + +sp. nov. + +is easily distinguished from other species of +Ozophorini +in +Guatemala +by the coleopteroid hemelytra, and (except for the usually macropterous species of + +Ozophora + +) by the absence of stridulatory structures. + + + + +Biology. +Collected at oak on cloud forest. + + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the +type +locality. + + + + +Etymology. +From the Latin “ +ornata +” (handsome, splendid), referring to the attractiveness of this species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/65/43/1665434B9BDBA66A158CE661C2779E7C.xml b/data/16/65/43/1665434B9BDBA66A158CE661C2779E7C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..833f6aa2566 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/65/43/1665434B9BDBA66A158CE661C2779E7C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Revised taxonomic check list of the Eurasiatic species of the subtribe Poliina (Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Hadenini) + + + +Author + +Varga, Zoltan + + + +Author + +Ronkay, Gabor + + + +Author + +Ronkay, Laszlo + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +2017 + +64 + + +2 + + +133 +160 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.21455 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.64.21455 +1860-1324-2-133 +48A44E237C7345A5A86EF391F0C9383F + + + + +Polia (Atropolia) mortua caeca Hreblay & Ronkay, 1997 + + + + +Polia mortua caeca +Hreblay & Ronkay, 1997, Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 43 (1): 28, figs 12-13, 132-133. Type-locality: Taiwan, Nantou County, Tayuling, 3000 m, +24°08'N +, +121°16'E +. Holotype: male, in coll. M. Hreblay (deposited in HNHM). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/65/76/166576B727C5F52785C9ACBA9D0E158A.xml b/data/16/65/76/166576B727C5F52785C9ACBA9D0E158A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4bf1360694f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/65/76/166576B727C5F52785C9ACBA9D0E158A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Birds from the Azores: An updated list with some comments on species distribution + + + +Author + +Barcelos, Luis MD + + + +Author + +Rodrigues, Pedro R + + + +Author + +Bried, Joel + + + +Author + +Mendonca, Enesima P + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Rosalina + + + +Author + +Borges, Paulo Alexandre Vieira + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6604 +6604 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6604 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6604 +1314-2828-3-6604 + + + + +Oenanthe oenanthe leucorhoa (Gmelin, 1789) + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Nearctic + + + +Distribution +COR; FLO; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG; TER; SMG; SMR + + +Notes + +Occasional Migrant. +Rodrigues et al. (2010) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/87/166687B6741BFF81FF3FFCB2FE6DF90A.xml b/data/16/66/87/166687B6741BFF81FF3FFCB2FE6DF90A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c8076711b0e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/87/166687B6741BFF81FF3FFCB2FE6DF90A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ + + + +Two new species of the genus Oxytate from China (Araneae: Thomisidae) + + + +Author + +Xu, Xiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-09-14 + + +4320 + + +1 + + +193 +200 + + + +journal article +32096 +10.11646/zootaxa.4320.1.12 +8b05b0ac-4721-4918-900e-99b1ab2b56ef +1175-5326 +891669 +070183Ef-3Fc9-4013-859D-Fd6Eedc0Ff81 + + + + + + + +Oxytate bicornis + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1 +, +2 + + + + + + +Material +examined: +Holotype +: + +male, + +CHINA +: + +Jiangxi Province + +: + + + +Jinggangshan +County + +Level City + +, +Ciping Town +, +Dajing Village +, +General +of forest, +26.566°N +, +114.125°E +, + +922 m + +, + +13 July 2014 + +, Keke Liu, Zhiwu Chen, Sha Wu, Ce Xu, Shicong He and Yifan Zhao (ASM-JGSU). + + + + + +Etymology: +The specific name is a Latin adjective, referring to the two strong horn-like tips in retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) of the male palp. + + + + +Diagnosis: +Males of the new species resemble + +Oxytate bhutanica +Ono, 2001 + +, + +O. capitulata +Tang & Li, 2009 + +, + +O. subvirens +( +Strand, 1907 +) + +and + +O. taprobane + +Benjamin, +2001 + + +in the developed retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA), but can be clearly distinguished by two strong horn-like tips in RTA and the spine-like embolus ( +Figs 1B–D +, +2 +). + + + + +Description. +Male ( +Figs 1 +, +2 +). Total length 6.37. Prosoma 2.80 long, 2.78 wide; opisthosoma 4.94 long, 1.38 wide. Eyes: circular, lateral eyes on tubercles; diameters: AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME 0.10, PLE 0.11; AME–AME 0.26, AME–ALE 0.22, PME–PME 0.24, PME–PLE 0.40; MOA, length 0.20, slight wider in front than in back (0.26, 0.24). Carapace yellow brown ( +Fig. 1A +), with inconspicuous cervical groove and fovea. Eye field, arcshaped ( +Fig. 1A +), with 4–6 setae. Chelicerae yellowish brown, without tooth. Edites yellowish brown, smooth, longer than wide, with short, sparse setae. Labium yellowish brown, fan-shaped. Measurements of legs: I 12.50 (3.85, 1.11, 3.42, 2.63, 1.49); II 12.03 (3.67 1.09, 3.45, 2.36, 1.19); III 6.25 (1.85, 0.70, 1.79, 1.22, 0.69); IV 6.17 (1.92, 0.55, 1.85, 1.11, 0.74). Leg formula: I, II, III, IV. Leg spination: I Fe 3103, Pa 2100, Ti 2228, Mt 2224; II Fe 4210, Pa 2100, Ti 2336, Mt 0224; III Fe 4110, Pa 2110, Ti 2221, Mt 0111; IV Fe 4110, Pa 2110, Ti 2224, Mt 0 222. Abdomen much longer than wide ( +Fig. 1A +), dorsum yellowish white, with a longitudinal median strip in anterior part and regular transverse rows of strong spines on posterior part. Spinnerets yellow-brown, stout, with abundant setae. Palp ( +Figs 1B +̄D, 2). Palp with two strong horn-like tips in retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA): one curved backwards, the other curved forwards, with many regular fine ridges (RI). Embolus (EM), strongly sclerotized, with a spine-like tip. Sperm ducts, obvious and long. + +Female: Unknown. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/87/166687B6741BFF86FF3FF8DEFCAAFACE.xml b/data/16/66/87/166687B6741BFF86FF3FF8DEFCAAFACE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2ee38ce35a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/87/166687B6741BFF86FF3FF8DEFCAAFACE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,444 @@ + + + +Two new species of the genus Oxytate from China (Araneae: Thomisidae) + + + +Author + +Xu, Xiang + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2017 + +2017-09-14 + + +4320 + + +1 + + +193 +200 + + + +journal article +32096 +10.11646/zootaxa.4320.1.12 +8b05b0ac-4721-4918-900e-99b1ab2b56ef +1175-5326 +891669 +070183Ef-3Fc9-4013-859D-Fd6Eedc0Ff81 + + + + + + + +Oxytate palmata + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 3 +̄6 + + + + + + +Material +examined: +Holotype +: + +male, + +CHINA +: + +Guangxi +Province + +: + +Chongzuo City +, +Jiangzhou District +, +Zuozhou Town +, +Guanghe Village +, +Nongxue +, +22.600°N +, +107.405°E +, + +252 m + +, + +5 September 2015 + +( +HNU +). + + + + +FIGURES 1A‒D. + +Oxytate bicornis + + +sp. nov. + +, male holotype. A Habitus, dorsal; B̅D Palp (B prolateral-ventral, C prolateral, D retrolateral). Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B̅D, 0.2 mm. + + + + + +Paratypes +: + +3 males +and +8 females +, + +CHINA +: + +Guangxi +Province + +: + +Chongzuo City +, +Jiangzhou District + +: + +1 male +, +1 female +same data as holotype ( +HNU +) + +; + +1 male +, +Zuozhou Town +, +Guanghe Village +, +Nongtan +, +22.568°N +, +107.405°E +, + +296 m + +, + +30 August 2015 + + +; + +1 male +and +1 female +, +Tuolu Town +, +Tuobai Village +, +Longquantun +, +Nongquan +, +22.540°N +, +107.454°E +, + +145 m + +, + +10 September 2015 + + +; + +1 female +, +Zuozhou Town +, +Guanghe Village +, +Pairu +, +22.582°N +, +107.428°E +, + +226 m + +, + +3 September 2015 + + +; + +1 female +, +Zuozhou Town +, +Guanghe Village +, +Hecuntun +, +Nongyao +, 22°.605N, +107.428°E +, + +224 m + +, + +9 September 2015 + + +; + +1 female +, +Zuozhou Town +, +Guanghe village +, +Longmitun +, +Nongxing +, +22.570°N +, +107.438°E +, + +272 m + +, + +7 September 2015 + + +; + +3 females +, +Zuozhou Town +, Guanghe village, Hecuntun, +Nongteng +, +22.585°N +, +107.424°E +, + +235 m + +, + +4 September 2015 + +. +All +these specimens were collected by +Bing Zhou +, +Wang Liu +, +Jihe Liu +, +Qu Cai +, +Xianfeng Huang +and +Da Li +and they are deposited in + +Hunan +Normal University + +( +HNU +) + +. + + + + +Etymology: +The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective “palmatus”, referring to the palmate tip in retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) of the male palp ( +Figs 3B +̄D, 5). + + + + +Diagnosis: +Males of the new species resemble + +Oxytate forcipatus +Zhang & Yin, 1998 + +and + +O. placentiformis + +Wang +et al +., +2012 + + +in having the small hook-shaped ventral tibial apophysis (VTA), but can be clearly distinguished by the palmate tip of retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) and the curved embolus (EM) ( +Figs 3B +̄D, 5). Females can be distinguished from other members of this genus by the shape of the copulatory duct (CD) and the spermathecae (Spm). + + + + +Description. +Male ( +Figs 3 +̄6). Total length 4.27. Prosoma 1.49 long, 1.67 wide; opisthosoma 2.67 long, 0.74 wide. Eyes ( +Fig. 3A +): circular, lateral eyes on tubercles; diameters: AME 0.04, ALE 0.09, PME 0.05, PLE 0.08; AME–AME 0.07, AME–ALE 0.13, PME–PME 0.07, PME–PLE 0.21. MOA, 0.15 length, wider in back than in front (0.16, 0.15). Carapace yellow brown ( +Fig. 3A +), smooth, with inconspicuous cervical groove and fovea. Eye field ( +Fig. 3A +), arc-shaped, without setae. Chelicerae yellowish brown, without tooth. Edites yellowish brown, smooth, longer than wide, with short, scattered setae. Labium yellowish brown, oval. Sternum yellowish white, shield-shaped, surface smooth, with few setae. Measurements of legs: I 7.96 (2.37, 0.76, 2.25, 1.74, 0.84); II 8.34 (2.55, 0.83, 2.32, 1.64, 1.00); III 3.95 (1.03, 0.37, 1.14, 0.84, 0.57); IV 3.66 (1.21, 0.32, 0.91, 0.70, 0.52). Leg formula: II, I, III, IV. Leg spination: I Fe 4223, Pa 2110, Ti 2446, Mt 0226; II Fe 3110, Pa 2100, Ti 2336, Mt 0226; III Fe 3100, Pa 2000, Ti 3210, Mt 1111; IV Fe 3100, Pa 2000, Ti 3110, Mt 0 111. Abdomen much longer than wide ( +Fig. 3A +), dorsum yellow, with abundant silver spots in dorsal view, two groups of 2 inconspicuous patches and two longitudinal strips on posterior part and regular transverse rows of strong spines on posterior part. Spinnerets yellow-brown, stout, with abundant setae. Palp ( +Figs 3B +̄D, 5). Retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) with a palmate tip and many regular, fine ridges. Ventral tibial apophysis (VTA), developed well, with a small hook-shaped tip. Embolus (EM), short and curved. + + + +FIGURES 2A‒C. + +Oxytate bicornis + + +sp. nov. + +, SEMs of male holotype. A̅B Palp (A prolateral-ventral, B retrolateral); C RTA retrolateral, showing the fine ridges on tip. Abbreviations: EM, embolus; RI, ridge; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A, B, 0.1 mm; C, 10 µm. + + + + +FIGURES 3A–D. + +Oxytate palmata + + +sp. nov. + +, male holotype. A Habitus, dorsal; B̅D Palp (B ventral, C prolateral-ventral, D retrolateral). Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B̅D, 0.2 mm. + + + + +FIGURES 4A‒D. + +Oxytate palmata + + +sp. nov. + +, female paratype. A Habitus, dorsal; B Epigynum, ventral; C Vulva, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.2 mm. + + + + +FIGURES 5A‒C. + +Oxytate palmata + + +sp. nov. + +, SEMs of male holotype. A̅C Palp (A ventral, B RTA tip showing the fine ridges, C retrolateral). Abbreviations: EM, embolus; RI, ridge; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA, ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: A, C, 0.1 mm; B, 10 µm. + + + + +FIGURES 6A–B. + +Oxytate palmata + + +sp. nov. + +, female paratype. A Epigynum, ventral; B Vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; FD, fertilization duct; Spm, spermatheca. Scale bars: A, B, 0.2 mm. + + + +Female ( +Figs 4 +, +6 +). Total length 4.97, carapace length 1.65, carapace width 1.74, abdomen length 3.24, abdomen width 0.89. Eyes ( +Fig. 4A +) diameters: AME 0.04, ALE 0.07, PME 0.04, PLE 0.05; AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.19, PME–PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.29. MOA, 0.18 length, wider in back than in front (0.17, 0.15). Abdomen ( +Fig. 4A +), dorsum silver, with one longitudinal median gray strip in anterior half. Measurements of legs: I 8.48 (2.61, 0.76, 2.50, 1.59, 1.02); II 8.27 (2.51, 0.73, 2.51, 1.58, 0.94); III 4.16 (1.03, 0.47, 1.18, 0.93, 0.55); IV 3.94 (1.32, 0.40, 0.95, 0.75, 0.52). Leg formula: I, II, III, IV. Leg spination: Pedipalp Fe 1100, Pa 2100, Ti 2110, Ta 2420; I Fe 4203, Pa 2000, Ti 2108, Mt 0 118, Ta 0600; II Fe 4200, Pa 2000, Ti 2108, Mt 0 118, Ta 0600; III Fe 2101, Pa 2000, Ti 2201, Mt 0220; IV Pa 2000, Ti 2000, Mt 6222, Ta 3000. Epigynum ( +Figs 4C, D +, +6 +). Epigynum, deeply divided by anterior hood; copulatory opening (CO), relatively narrow; copulatory duct (CD), anterior part slender, median part curved outward in dorsal view, posterior part leading forward into spermathecae (Spm); Spm, nearly round. Fertilization ducts (FD) short. + + + + +Distribution. +Known only from +Guangxi +province, +China +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/87/166687E1FFAC790AA30FFC3CB09BFD2A.xml b/data/16/66/87/166687E1FFAC790AA30FFC3CB09BFD2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5278781be3b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/87/166687E1FFAC790AA30FFC3CB09BFD2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +Revision of the Triassic European turtles Proterochersis and Murrhardtia (Reptilia, Testudinata, Proterochersidae), with the description of new taxa from Poland and Germany + + + +Author + +Szczygielski, Tomasz + + + +Author + +Sulej, Tomasz + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2016 + +Zool. J. Linn. Soc. + + +2016-05-20 + + +177 + + +2 + + +395 +427 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12374 + +journal article +10.1111/zoj.12374 +0024-4082 +5364971 +A208DBD2-7C7E-4779-B0AB-1782371E7053 + + + + + +PROTEROCHERSIS INTERMEDIA + + + + + +Both + +Proterochersis robusta + +and + +Proterochersis intermedia + +were named in the same paper by +Fraas (1913) +on the basis of turtle material from the same strata (Norian, Lowenstein Formation) and region (area around Stuttgart) of +Germany +. According to +Fraas (1913) +, + +Proterochersis intermedia + +differs from + +Proterochersis robusta + +in shell curvature and plastron thickness. Such discrimination is problematic for two reasons. Firstly, +Fraas (1913) +had only +two specimens +at his disposal, thus having no insight into ontogenetic and intraspecific variability. Secondly, the +holotype +of + +Proterochersis intermedia + +is fragmentary, possibly compacted, and its overall shape most likely changed during restoration (see description of SMNS +11396 in +Material and methods). Additionally, our studies on turtle material from the lower Lowenstein Formation demonstrate that the height and curvature of the shells may vary, possibly ontogenetically, taphonomically, or diagenetically, not only between several otherwise morphologically identical specimens, but also between two sides of the same specimen (SMNS 17757). The putative fontanelles between rib endings of + +Proterochersis intermedia + +were considered by Fraas to be juvenile characteristics and specific at the same time, whereas we consider them to be artefacts of preservation. The rib tips, which seem to protrude from the distal ends of the first two preserved costal plates (thus bordering ‘fontanelles’) are in fact painted plaster, as shown by the fracture in one of them. No actual bone material indicates their existence. Even if any real bone fragments are embedded in this part, the interpretation of their nature is impossible, but most likely they originated from breakage or weathering. Although the internal mould might have been informative in that case, the condition cannot be inferred from it because the corresponding part is also entirely reconstructed. The only comparable diagnostic part, the fragment of plastron, is structurally identical, with the exception of thickness. Changes in thickness of plastron may be attributed to intraspecific diversity, age of the specimens, or sexual dimorphism. Bearing this in mind, the validity of + +Proterochersis intermedia + +is doubtful. Therefore, there is no basis to distinguish between + +Proterochersis robusta + +and + +Proterochersis intermedia + +, and the latter should be synonymized with the former. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/94/166694DBB51453639F59E0173B6A8A19.xml b/data/16/66/94/166694DBB51453639F59E0173B6A8A19.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..378c708129d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/94/166694DBB51453639F59E0173B6A8A19.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Checklist of the marine malacofauna of Culuccia Peninsula (NW Sardinia, Italy), with notes on relevant species + + + +Author + +Mariottini, Paolo +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-7108 +Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy +paolo.mariottini@uniroma3.it + + + +Author + +Smriglio, Carlo +Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy + + + +Author + +Oliverio, Marco +Dept. of Biology & Biotechnologies ' Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy + + + +Author + +Rossi, Sabrina +Biru S. r. l. Agricola, S. Teresa di Gallura (SS), Italy + + + +Author + +Di Giulio, Andrea +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-0751 +Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy & NBFC - National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-02-28 + + +12 + + +115051 +115051 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e115051 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e115051 +1314-2828-12-e115051 +71D09B0C44175D4AAD6B2BD0C86E12F6 + + + + +Berthella plumula (Montagu, 1803) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +occurrenceID: +38692D0D-99C8-5E55-B535-FA85A595C237 +; + +Location +: + +country: +Italy +; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: +Sassari +; locality: + +Island of Culuccia + +; verbatimLatitude: +41 11 46.14N +; verbatimLongitude: +9 16 40.60E +; geodeticDatum: WGS84 + + + + + +Notes + +Alive, Fig. +46 +; new record. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFD9FFA5FF74FA1A9FDDF9F7.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFD9FFA5FF74FA1A9FDDF9F7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1859732e1ab --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFD9FFA5FF74FA1A9FDDF9F7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria plumbea +CAMERON +1928 + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Nepal +: +1 ex. +, +Gandaki prov. +, Manaslu range, Bara Pokhari Lekh, Chhandi Khola, +2000-2300 m +, +11.-12.IV.2003 +, leg. Schmidt (NME). + + + + +C o m m e n t: The species is widespread in northern +India +and +Nepal +( +ASSING 1998 +, +2006 +). The above specimen represents the first record from the Manaslu range. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FA339D81F9E1.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FA339D81F9E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b706dcd523 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FA339D81F9E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria kleebergi +ASSING +2006 + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Nepal +: +1 ex. +, Rolwaling valley, Dugong Kharka, +2700-2800 m +, +17.V.2000 +, leg Schmidt (cAss). + + + + +C o m m e n t: This recently described species is apparently endemic to the Rolwaling range ( +ASSING 2006 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FB779E0BFAA4.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FB779E0BFAA4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7e8f34982a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FB779E0BFAA4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria follita +ASSING +2006 + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Nepal +: +5 exs. +, +32 km +NE Taplejung, Gyabla env., +27°35'N +, +87°52'E +, +2410 m +, waterfall, +8.V.2003 +, leg. Weigel (NME, cAss). + + + + +C o m m e n t: The previously known distribution of + +M. follita + +was confined to the Rolwaling Himal ( +ASSING 2006 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FF4F9D3BFE54.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FF4F9D3BFE54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..77c96bd5aa7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDEFFA2FF74FF4F9D3BFE54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria picipes +CAMERON +1928 + + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Nepal +: +3 exs. +, + +32 km +NE Taplejung + +, +Gyabla +env., +27°35'N +, +87°52'E +, + +2410 m + +, waterfall, + +8.V.2003 + +, leg. +Weigel +( +NME +, cAss) + +; + +4 exs. +, +Annapurna +, +Lamjung Himal +, +Taunja Danda +, NW-slope, + +6.V.1996 + +, leg. +Jäger +( +SNSD +, cAss) + +. + + + + +C o m m e n t: + +Masuria picipes + +is widespread in northern +India +and +Nepal +( +ASSING 1998 +, +2006 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FDC59FD4FD12.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FDC59FD4FD12.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..88f5d073cbb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FDC59FD4FD12.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria martensi +PACE +1987 + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Nepal +: +5 exs. +, Parbat District, between Deorali and Chitre, +2700 m +, +1.-2.V.1995 +, leg. Martens & Schawaller (SMNS, cAss). + + + + +C o m m e n t: The above specimens were collected close to the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FE019817FDF1.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FE019817FDF1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ed33c40f0c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FE019817FDF1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria daliensis +ASSING +2004 + + +( +Map 1 +) + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +China +: +3 exs. +, +Yunnan +, Dali Bai Auton. Pref., Diancang Shan W Dali, +25°42'N +, +100°07'E +, +2930 m +, +28.V.2007 +, leg. Schülke (cSch, cAss). + + + + +C o m m e n t: The known distribution of + +M. daliensis + +is confined to the environs of Dali, +Yunnan +( +Map 1 +). The above specimens were collected close to the +type +locality. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FF4F9D9DFEAD.xml b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FF4F9D9DFEAD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..92531607d66 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/99/1666996CFFDFFFA3FF74FF4F9D9DFEAD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ + + + +On the taxonomy of Masuria. IV. Four new species from China and Nepal, and additional records (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Assing, V. + +text + + +Linzer biologische Beiträge + + +2012 + +2012-12-28 + + +44 + + +2 + + +1017 +1034 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5328692 +0253-116X +5328692 + + + + + + + +Masuria loebli +PACE +1989 + + + + + +M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: +Nepal +: +1 ex. +, Dolakha District, SW Kalinchok Mt., +3100 m +, +19.- 23.IV.1995 +, leg. Martens & Schawaller (SMNS). + + + + +C o m m e n t: The known distribution of + +M. loebli + +ranges from central to eastern +Nepal +( +ASSING 2006 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/9B/16669B0A7B18ECFE030D0581CBB438A5.xml b/data/16/66/9B/16669B0A7B18ECFE030D0581CBB438A5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..397cce6b53b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/9B/16669B0A7B18ECFE030D0581CBB438A5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,243 @@ + + + +Four new species of Oidardis Hermann, 1912 (Diptera, Asilidae, Laphriinae, Atomosiini) from two major faunistic surveys in the Atlantic Rainforest + + + +Author + +Cezar, Lucas A. + + + +Author + +Fisher, Eric M. + + + +Author + +Lamas, Carlos J. E. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +350 + + +47 +74 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.350.6096 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.350.6096 +1313-2970-350-47 +4F2372C9795B4A2AA09FF3A1526713DB +4F2372C9795B4A2AA09FF3A1526713DB + + + + +Oidardis maculiseta +sp. n. +Figures 1 +E-F +, 2C, 3C, 4C, 5C,6 +G-I +,7C,8A,10 + + + +Diagnosis. +Leg color pattern: coxae yellow, femora dark-brown dorsally and tibiae yellow dorsally; facial pollinosity golden. Male with dark-brown modified tibial seta, as long as femur, golf-club-shaped with apical 1/4 as a large white lamella with black spot at apex; mid prong of the phallus much longer than lateral prongs; mystax short. + + +Description. +Holotype. Male. Body shiny black. Total length, excluding antennae, 5.4 mm; length of thorax, 1.3 mm; length of wing, 4.7 mm; greatest width of abdomen, 1 mm. + +Head, laterally. Face, between antennal insertion and gibbosity, plane with eye margin; gibbosity slightly prominent, equals ventral 0.26 of face height; dorsal occipital setae dark-brown, lateral occipital setae white, ventral occipital setae white; proboscis 0.48 +x +the height of head, with numerous white macrosetae ventrally; palpus dark-brown, with yellow setae apically. Antenna. Antenna 0.85 +x +as long as the height of eye, entirely dark-brown, with dark-brown setae and macrosetae; antennal insertion at dorsal 0.2 of head height; scape slightly longer than pedicel, with medium-sized ventral seta, numerous short setae on a row around the segment; pedicel round; postpedicel elongate, 2.1 +x +length of basal two segments, brown-pollinose, except for silvery-yellow pollinosity on elliptical sensorial area on inner face, with dorsal spine subapical (3/4 length of postpedicel or beyond). Head, anteriorly. Head 1.35 +x +as wide as high; face 0.17 +x +as wide as head, golden-pollinose; mystax short, comprised of 10 golden macrosetae, and few shorter setae between the rows; facial setae, other than mystax, pale-yellow; frons coppery-pollinose; orbital setae dark-brown; vertex coppery-pollinose; ocellar tubercle coppery-pollinose, as high as vertex, 0.39 +x +as wide as frons, anterior ocellus 0.14 +x +as wide as frons by the ocellus position. + +Thorax. Postpronotal lobe black with yellow spot dorsal to mesothoracic spiracle; scutum shiny black, not punctate, vestiture dark-brown, unequal-sized, reclinate anteriorly and proclinate posteriorly; one; scutellum black, scutellar margin strongly impressed, longest ones slightly longer than scutellum; postalar callosity dark-brown, partly with bright-blue reflections; pleuron shiny dark-brown, with silvery-white pollinosity; setulae on proepisternum, katepisternum, and anepisternum; two anepisternal macrosetae, light-brown; tuft of katatergal macrosetae light-brown; anatergite with golden, hair-like setae. + +Legs +. Coxae orange-yellow; trochanter yellow, with fine yellow setulae; femora yellow, slightly darkened dorsally, covered with short stout yellow setulae dorsally, with dark setae on apical 1/3 dorsally, ventrally with weak yellow setae in two rows, hind femur with 3 long dark-brown ventral macrosetae; anterior four tibiae yellow dorsally and brown ventrally, with white setulae, long yellow macrosetae and long dark-brown macrosetae; hind tibiae yellow, entirely covered by golden setulae, and medium-sized fine dark-brown setae ventrally; modified tibial setae attached to hind tibia at basal 1/3, dark-brown, as long as femur, golf-club-shaped with apical 1/4 as a large white lamella with black spot at apex; tarsi yellow, with stout yellow setae dorsally and densely covered with thick yellow setae, 5th tarsomere with 3 setae apically, opposite the claws and subequal to them; claws yellow on base and black apically; pulvilli yellow and fringed; empodium shorter than claws. + + +Wing +. Brownish, darker along upper margin; cell r1 with long slightly-concave stalk (2.5 +x +the length of r-m); crossvein r-m medially in cell d, distal to the end of Sc; cell m3 narrowing distally (M2 and M3 converging by the end of cell m3), with stalk slightly longer than r-m, apex of m3 and apex of cell d parallel and aligned; crossvein bm-cu short, base of M3 and CuA1 arranged almost as an +"X" +; cell cup with stalk shorter than r-m; posterior margin of wing slightly concave at distal half; calypters white, with light-brown margin and fringe of short yellow setae; halter with yellow stem, brown knob. + + +Abdomen. Black, not punctate, with sides diverging posteriorly, T2 1.6 +x +wider than long; vestiture longer and lighter laterally and ventrally, several light-yellow macrosetae present on lateral margin of T1 and T2. Male terminalia. Hypopygium very conspicuous; hypandrium regular-sized (2/3 the width of hypopygium or more), much wider than long, anterior margin straight to slightly convex, posterior margin smoothly convex; gonocoxites partially fused to hypandrium, gonocoxal prolongation thin, smoothly curved inwards, with 2 spines at apex; gonostylus reduced, round, laterally flattened, free, attached to the base of gonocoxite; apex of phallus with three unequal-sized prongs, mid prong much longer than the others; epandrium straight in lateral view; lobes of hypoproct protruding. + + +Female. Total length, excluding antennae, 5.7-7.2 mm, (n=3); length of thorax, 1.5-1.7 mm, (n=3); length of wing, 5.2-6.2 mm, (n=3); greatest width of abdomen, 1.3-1.6 mm, (n=3). Differs from male as follows: gibbosity that equals ventral 0.28-0.3 of face height; proboscis 0.39-0.56 +x +the height of head; antenna 0.78-0.95 +x +as long as the height of eye; antennal insertion at dorsal 0.19-0.2 of head height; postpedicel 1.8-2 +x +length of basal two segments; head 1.4-1.5 +x +as wide as high; face 0.16 +x +as wide as head; mystax long (extending beyond the apex of proboscis); ocellar tubercle 0.33 +x +as wide as frons; anterior ocellus 0.11-0.17 +x +as wide as frons by the ocellus position; postpronotal lobe dark-brown; proepisternum, anepisternum and katepisternum with golden setulae; trochanter orange-yellow; femora yellow and dark-brown dorsally; femora covered with short, stout brown setulae dorsally; hind femur with 3 long yellow ventral macrosetae; tibiae yellow dorsally and brown ventrally, hind tibia reddish-brown, yellow dorsally on basal 1/3; tibiae with white setulae, long yellow macrosetae, long dark-brown macrosetae, and thick spines; hind tibiae entirely covered by dark-brown setulae; hind tibia with light-brown setulae ventrally, yellow macroseta inserted ventrally on the middle, fine, medium-sized dark-brown setae dorsally, and long, dark-brown macrosetae anterodorsally; modified tibial setae absent; tarsi dark-brown, with claw-like dark-brown setae ventrally, stout dark-brown setae dorsally, and densely covered with thick spine-like dark-brown setae; claws reddish on base and black apically, mid tarsi with yellow-and-black claws; apex of cell m3 and apex of cell d angled and unaligned, apex of m3 beyond apex of d; posterior margin of wing slightly convex at distal half; halter with orange stem; T2 1.47-1.84 +x +wider than long; white macrosetae on T1-2; one lateral marginal macrosetae present on T4, T5, T6, and T7. Female genitalia. Three spermathecae; reservoirs cylindrical, coiled; spermathecal +ducts +opening independently at the bursa; genital fork rectangular, U-shaped, arms anteriorly thick, posteriorly slender, divergent; accessory glands oval. + + +Morphological variation. Total length, excluding antennae, 6.0-6.6 mm, (n=4); length of thorax, 1.4-1.5 mm, (n=4); length of wing, 4.9-5.4 mm, (n=4); greatest width +of +abdomen, 1.0-1.1 mm, (n=4). Some specimens differed from the holotype, as follows: gibbosity that equals ventral 0.23-0.26 of face height; proboscis 0.4-0.57 +x +the height of head; antenna 0.82-0.86 +x +as long as the height of eye; antennal insertion at dorsal 0.18-0.24 of head height; postpedicel 1.8-1.9 +x +length of basal two segments; head 1.37-1.4 +x +as wide as high; face 0.15-0.17 +x +as wide as head; mystax comprised of 8-10 macrosetae; ocellar tubercle 0.34-0.37 +x +as wide as frons; anterior ocellus 0.13-0.16 +x +as wide as frons by the ocellus position; T2 1.42-1.56 +x +wider than long. + + + +Distribution. + +Brazil ( +Goias +, +Sao +Paulo and +Parana +). + + + +Remarks. + +There is a group of females from +Fenix +(PR) that differs from the paratypes assigned by presenting an oblong postpedicel, dark-brown coxae and homogeneously directed vestiture on the scutum. Therefore, these specimens are not included as paratypes for the species, since they vary in such consistent characters; instead, these specimens are listed under "additional material examined". + + +Oidardis maculiseta +occur mainly in Atlantic Semi-deciduous Forest. As noted above for +Oidardis falcimystax +, they were also found in the Cerrado area, at +Corumba +de +Goias +, a locality which has a Lower +Diptera +fauna similar to the Semi-deciduous Forest ecorregion (D. S. Amorim, unpublished data). + + + +Etymology. +from the Latin, macula = spot, and seta = bristle. Refers to the singular morphology of the modified tibial seta. + + +Type-material examined. + +Holotype: Brazil: +Parana +, +Fenix +, Reserva Estadual ITCF, ( +23°55'0.05"S +, +51°57'38.26"W +), 3.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - male (DZUP). Paratypes: Brazil: +Goias +, +Corumba +[de +Goias +], Fazenda Monjolinho, ( +15°55'0.12"S +, +48°46'0.12"W +), xi.1945, coll. Barretto - 1 male (MZUSP); +Parana +, +Fenix +, Reserva Estadual ITCF, ( +23°55'0.05"S +, +51°57'38.26"W +), 6.x.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 male (DZUP); same locality, 20.x.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 male (DZUP); same locality, 3.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 2 males (DZUP, MZUSP); same locality, 10.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 3 males (DZUP); same locality, 17.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 2 males (DZUP, MZUSP); same locality, 24.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP, MZUSP); same locality, 8.xii.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 2 males (DZUP); same locality, 22.xii.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); same locality, 29.xii.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); +Sao +Paulo, +Barao +de Antonina, ( +23°37'38.07"S +, +49°33'40.68"W +), i.1946, coll. Barretto - 2 females, 1 male (MZUSP); +Sao +Paulo, ( +23°32'56.19"S +, +46°38'19.74"W +), xii.1940, coll. M. Carrera (Horto Florestal) - 1 male (MZUSP). Additional material examined. Brazil: +Parana +, +Fenix +, Reserva Estadual ITCF, ( +23°55'0.05"S +, +51°57'38.26"W +), 20.x.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); same locality, 27.x.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 females (MZUSP); same locality, 10.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); same locality, 24.xi.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); same locality, 8.xii.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); same locality, 15.xii.1986, coll. Lev. Ent. PROFAUPAR - 1 female (DZUP); Foz do +Iguacu +, ( +25°32'48.83"S +, +54°35'17.42"W +), 7.xii.1966, coll. Exc. Dep. ZOO - 1 female (DZUP). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/66/E3/1666E3CB2F401336DE1FE59D025ECFF7.xml b/data/16/66/E3/1666E3CB2F401336DE1FE59D025ECFF7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..28b486071b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/66/E3/1666E3CB2F401336DE1FE59D025ECFF7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Description of Aegialoalaimusbratteni sp. n. from Skagerrak and a review of the genus (Aegialoalaimidae, Nematoda incertae sedis) + + + +Author + +Holovachov, Oleksandr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5738 +5738 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5738 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5738 +1314-2828--5738 + + + + + +Aegialoalaimus cylindricauda +Allgen +, 1933 + + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +SMNH Type-3559 +; sex: +female +; Record Level: institutionID: Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History; collectionID: invertebrate type collection + + + + +Description +The only type specimen is preserved but its internal structures are poorly visible. + + +Taxon discussion + +The original description is based on single female specimen ( + +Allgen +1933 + +: 62-63, Fig. 35). In general morphology, this specimen resembles members of the family +Microlaimidae +(Fig. 2A): amphid circular in shape; stoma funnel-shaped with small dorsal tooth; pharynx is muscular along its entire length, cylindrical in its anterior part and with well developed basal bulb; female reproductive system didelphic, gonads outstretched. This species is considered species inquirenda et incerta sedis within the family +Microlaimidae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/67/15/166715692A46EC698BC71B1168E705F4.xml b/data/16/67/15/166715692A46EC698BC71B1168E705F4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1475d57edf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/67/15/166715692A46EC698BC71B1168E705F4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Diversity and distribution of Chirostyloidea and Galatheoidea (Decapoda, Anomura) in the Southern Gulf of Mexico + + + +Author + +Vazquez-Bader, Ana Rosa + + + +Author + +Gracia, Adolfo + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +612 + + +1 +30 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.612.9492 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.612.9492 +1313-2970-612-1 +820091DF90D841858624600B274F9AE9 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Decapoda Munididae + + + +Munida miles A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 + + + +Material examined. +BATO stn. 10, 1 male, 1 ovigerous female, stn. 29, 1 male, stn. 54, 1 male, 2 ovigerous females, stn. 59, 1 male. BIOREPES 1 stn 12, 2 males, 2 females, 3 ovigerous females, stn 13, 1 male, 1 ovigerous female, stn 18, 1 female 1, stn 28 1 female, stn 31, 1 male. BIOREPES 2 stn 10, 1 male. COBERPES 2011 stn. B4, 1 male, 1 ovigerous female. COBERPES 3 stn B2, 1 female, stn. B10, 3 males, 1 female, 1 ovigerous female. + + +Remarks. + +Munida miles +was collected off Alacranes Reef, +Yucatan +; Campeche Bank, Campeche; San Fernando River, Tamaulipas; at 245.6-590.0 m. Although, it was most abundant in sector SSW (89.7%; 327.5-590.0 m), mainly in summer (51.7%; 394.5-455.8 m). Sex ratio throughout seasons was similar and close to the expected proportion 1:1. The mean CL in ovigerous females was 18.7 mm, 18.1 mm for males and 14.1 mm for females. The ovigerous females (31.09% of the total collected) occurred in spring, summer, and autumn, but the maximum number was found in summer. Only one male was infested with a rhizocephalan parasite (CL = 18.9 mm). The material collected represents the first record in the sector SSW. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/68/3E/16683E69DD4A976FDC5F0C8A9D6D9A8A.xml b/data/16/68/3E/16683E69DD4A976FDC5F0C8A9D6D9A8A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..45024a7b3e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/68/3E/16683E69DD4A976FDC5F0C8A9D6D9A8A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Four new neotropical Trioza species associated with Loranthaceae (Santalales) and comments on mistletoe inhabiting psyllids (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) + + + +Author + +Burckhardt, Daniel + + + +Author + +Diaz, Fiorella + + + +Author + +Queiroz, Dalva L. + +text + + +Alpine Entomology + + +2017 + +1 + + +91 +108 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.1.20905 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/alpento.1.20905 +2535-0889--91 +95EFBBB462214793BAEA74C03E0B226E + + + + +Notophorina fusca Burckhardt, 1987 + + + +Material examined. + +Chile: 1 immatures, IX Region, Province +Cautin +, Parque Nacional +Conguillio +, Playa Linda, -38.6500 -71.6333, 1150 m,19-20.xii.1990, +Nothofagus antarctica +forest on volcanic soil, +Misodendrum punctulatum +(D. Burckhardt & D. Agosti) DB#13b (MHNG, slide); 1 ♂, same but Parque Nacional +Conguillio +, sector Laguna +Conguillio +, -38.6468 -71.6451, 1100 m, 30.i.1996, open +Nothofagus antarctica +scrub (D. Burckhardt) DB#66 (MHNG, dry); 3 immatures, same but Province Malleco, Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, -37.8167 -73.0167, 1300 m,16-17.xii.1990, +Nothofagus antarctica +forest, +Misodendrum punctulatum +(D. Burckhardt & D. Agosti) DB#11(1) (MHNG, slide); 5 ♂, 3 ♀, 9 immatures, same but Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, road from +"Administracion" +to Piedra del Aguila, -37.8167 -73.0167, 1200 m, 24-25.xii.1992, open +Nothofagus obliqua +- +antarctica +forest, +Misodendrum punctulatum +(D. Burckhardt) DB#32(3) (MHNG, dry); 24 ♂, 46 ♀ 4 immatures, XII Region, Province Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Universidad Magallanes, Parque John Fell and +Jardin +Botanico +, -53.1167 -70.8667, 50 m, 16-19.i.1991, park, +Misodendrum punctulatum +, DB#42(2) (MHNG, dry, slide); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same but Province Ultima Esperanza, Rio Rubens, -52.0167 -71.9333, 200 m, 11.i.1991, +Nothofagus antarctica +forest, +Misodendrum punctulatum +DB#32(1) (MHNG, dry). + + + +Distribution. +Chile (Regions IX and XII). + + +Host plants. + +Misodendrum punctulatum +Banks ex DC. ( +Misodendraceae +). + + + +Comment. + +Notophorina fusca +was described from the Far South of Chile (XII Region) but without host data ( +Burckhardt 1987b +). Most members of the +Notophorina fusca +group are associated with +Myrtaceae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/68/5D/16685D249221CE9F5985E367090862A7.xml b/data/16/68/5D/16685D249221CE9F5985E367090862A7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eac2d122e62 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/68/5D/16685D249221CE9F5985E367090862A7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Chermes buxi +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +C. Buxi. + +Reaum. ins. +3 +t. +29. +f. +1-14. + + + + +Habitat intra +Buxi +folia summa conniventia +; +in +Gallia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/68/DC/1668DC7119932501EF24EBD49A6855CA.xml b/data/16/68/DC/1668DC7119932501EF24EBD49A6855CA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7acd6d4ba4e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/68/DC/1668DC7119932501EF24EBD49A6855CA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +Addition to the study of the genus Dusona (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae) in Korea with description of a new species and key to the Korean species + + + +Author + +Choi, Jin-Kyung + + + +Author + +Lee, Jong-Wook + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +424 + + +59 +89 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.424.7546 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.424.7546 +1313-2970-424-59 +9E96688B0C574D7885E304B571980503 + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae + + + + +Dusona glauca (Norton, 1863) +Figs 2C, 4C, 5C, 6C + + + + +Campoplex glauca +Norton, 1863: 357-368. Type: female; TD: YU. + + +Campoplex dissitus +Norton, 1863: 357-368. Type: female; TD: MCZ. + + +Campoplegidea rossi +Viereck, 1925: 259-273. Type: male; TD: CNC. + + + +Material examined. +[Korea]: No specimens; [TD: ZSM]: 1 male. + + +Distribution. + +Korea, Canada, Japan, Russia (Chita, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk, Magadanskaya, +Primor'ye +, Sakhalin) and U.S.A. + + + +Region. +Eastern Palaearctic, Nearctic. + + +Host. +Unknown. + + +Remarks. +No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a Japanese voucher specimen from ZSM. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/69/8F/16698F8DD8DCD536D61D996407F7CF01.xml b/data/16/69/8F/16698F8DD8DCD536D61D996407F7CF01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b15c0ef2d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/69/8F/16698F8DD8DCD536D61D996407F7CF01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Platygastroidea + + + +Author + +Buhl, Peter N. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Notton, David G. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7991 +7991 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7991 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7991 +1314-2828-4-7991 + + + + +Leptacis nice (Walker, 1835) + + + + +Platygaster nice +Walker, 1835 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/69/F9/1669F93DA5A5DE56F59D268714BA75E9.xml b/data/16/69/F9/1669F93DA5A5DE56F59D268714BA75E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6389da91325 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/69/F9/1669F93DA5A5DE56F59D268714BA75E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Description of Notarius biffi n. sp. and redescription of N. insculptus (Jordan and Gilbert) (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from the eastern Pacific, with evidence of monophyly and limits of Notarius. + + + +Author + +Ricardo Betancur-R. + + + +Author + +Arturo Acero P. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +703 + + +1 +20 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:867BB9D2-51FB-4CBF-AAAC-FAF2401A3362 + +journal article +z00703p001 +867BB9D2-51FB-4CBF-AAAC-FAF2401A3362 + + + + + +STRI +5714 (stri 15943), female, 150 mm SL + +, + +STRI +5742, unsexed specimen, 143 mm SL, Golfo de Fonseca, +SV +, +N. aff. planiceps + +; + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6A/53/166A53274E205D07A8C673617D6A5B95.xml b/data/16/6A/53/166A53274E205D07A8C673617D6A5B95.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..87f1a032f96 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6A/53/166A53274E205D07A8C673617D6A5B95.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Faunistic study of butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) of Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan-Iraq + + + +Author + +Khudhur, Farhad A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-6334 +University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq & University of Mendel, Brno, Czech Republic +farhad.khudhur@univsul.edu.iq + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2022 + +2022-03-25 + + +10 + + +82612 +82612 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e82612 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e82612 +1314-2828-10-e82612 +6D2A07B1C16450C8978279B6157E3DCC + + + + +Argynnis niobe von Rottemburg, 1775 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. +Location: +county: Qareh Dagh; locality: Qareh Dagh Mount.; verbatimCoordinates: +35°14'27"N +, +45°22'12"E + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6A/BA/166ABA614F0159AFB901A885D9E4E3C7.xml b/data/16/6A/BA/166ABA614F0159AFB901A885D9E4E3C7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f224958bfa1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6A/BA/166ABA614F0159AFB901A885D9E4E3C7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea): first records of 244 species from various European countries + + + +Author + +Kolcsar, Levente-Peter +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7784-2386 +Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan +kolcsar.peter@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Oosterbroek, Pjotr +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Gavryushin, Dmitry I. +Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Olsen, Kjell Magne +BioFokus, Oslo, Norway + + + +Author + +Paramonov, Nikolai M. +Zoological Institute RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia + + + +Author + +Pilipenko, Valentin E. +Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Stary, Jaroslav +Silesian Museum, Opava, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Polevoi, Alexei +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-9574 +Forest Research Institute KarRC RAS, Petrozavodsk, Russia + + + +Author + +Lantsov, Vladimir I. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8275-496X +Tembotov Institute of Ecology of Mountain Territories of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nalchik, Russia + + + +Author + +Eiroa, Eulalia +Departamento de Zoologia, Genetica y Antropologia Fisica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain + + + +Author + +Andersson, Michael +Gripenbergsgatan 64, Huskvarna, Sweden + + + +Author + +Salmela, Jukka +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9462-9624 +Regional Museum of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland + + + +Author + +Quindroit, Clovis +GRETIA, Angers, France + + + +Author + +d'Oliveira, Micha C. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Hancock, E. Geoffrey +The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Mederos, Jorge +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-3642 +Museu de Ciencies Naturals de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain + + + +Author + +Boardman, Pete +Natural England, Telford, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Viitanen, Esko +Vanhan-Mankkaan tie 29, Espoo, Finland + + + +Author + +Watanabe, Kozo +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7062-595X +Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-07-21 + + +9 + + +67085 +67085 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e67085 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e67085 +1314-2828-9-e67085 +098BBB1FA97956E582A44AEE6C55905D + + + + +Eloeophila apicata (Loew, 1871) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +catalogNumber: + +vial +No +8, vial +No +14 + +; occurrenceRemarks: +4 males +, +8 females +; recordedBy: +V. Tichonov +; individualCount: +12 +; sex: +male, female +; preparations: +Ethanol +; occurrenceID: EU_LIM_316; + +Taxon +: + +scientificName: +Eloeophila +apicata (Loew, 1871); family: +Limoniidae +; genus: +Eloeophila +; specificEpithet: apicata; scientificNameAuthorship: (Loew, 1871); + +Location +: + +country: +Russia +; stateProvince: +North Caucasus +; county: +Republic +of +Dagestan +; municipality: +Magaramkent +; locality: + +between villages +Magaramkent +and +Levashi + +; verbatimElevation: + + +1000 m + + +; minimumElevationInMeters: 1000; decimalLatitude: +41.46 +; decimalLongitude: +47.55 +; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +V.I. Lantsov + +; + +Event +: + +samplingProtocol: +Sweep net +; eventDate: +2004-05-03 +; verbatimEventDate: +03/May/2004 +; habitat: mountain steppe; + +Record Level +: + +institutionCode: ZIN; basisOfRecord: +PreservedSpecimen + + + + + +Distribution + +Presence of the species in Russia: NC mentioned in +Lantsov (2020) +without further details. Here, we publish the collection data for that record. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6B/38/166B389AA82C169CC060153BD2B809F5.xml b/data/16/6B/38/166B389AA82C169CC060153BD2B809F5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..46fada9ba19 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6B/38/166B389AA82C169CC060153BD2B809F5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) + + + +Author + +Neubauer, Thomas A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 +Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria +thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-07-05 + + +602 + + +1 +358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 +1313-2970-602-1 +65EFA27673454AC69B78DBE7E98D6103 +FFA86D39FFE2FFF3FF8AFFEBC209FFDE +126863 + + + + +Melanopsis roseni Izzatullaev & Starobogatov, 1984 + + + +Original source. + +Izzatullaev and Starobogatov 1984 +: 1479, fig. 1 (11). + + + +Type locality. + +"Zakaspiiskaya +oblast" +[Transcaspian Region], Russia. + + + +Types. +Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St.-Petersburg; no number indicated. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6B/78/166B78C1CF51509B403E538398107D58.xml b/data/16/6B/78/166B78C1CF51509B403E538398107D58.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..73e8a5ac503 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6B/78/166B78C1CF51509B403E538398107D58.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Turbo lincina +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +T. testa oblonga obtusa rugoso-striata, apertura limbo dilatato plano crenato. + + +List +. conch. t. + +26. +f. +24. + + +Sloan. jam. +2. +t. +240. +f. +12, 13. + + +Klein. ostr. t. +3. +f. +71. + + +Brown. jam. t. +40. +f. +5. + + + + +Habitat in +Jamaica. +Terrestris. + + + + +* * * * * Turriti +proprie dicti. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6B/A0/166BA05AF5C4E12F371841AFA5540F76.xml b/data/16/6B/A0/166BA05AF5C4E12F371841AFA5540F76.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b80fb4276b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6B/A0/166BA05AF5C4E12F371841AFA5540F76.xml @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ + + + +A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World + + + +Author + +Wood, John R. I. + + + +Author + +Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo + + + +Author + +Williams, Bethany R. M. + + + +Author + +Scotland, Robert W. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2020 + +143 + + +1 +823 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 +1314-2003-143-1 +F6F11A6EE4FF5A1885CEA2B60AE965A5 + + + + +362. + +Ipomoea tacuaremboensis +Arechav. + +, Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 7 +: 195. 1911. (Arechavaleta y Balpardo 1911: 195) + + + + + +Ipomoea tacuaremboensis + +forma +foliosa +Arechav. +, Anales Mus. Nac. Montevideo 7 +: 197 (1911). (Arechavaleta y Balpardo 1911: 197). Type. URUGUAY. Rivera, sine data (lectotype MVM +, No. 1728 +ex Herb. M.B. Berro, designated here). + + + +Type. + +URUGUAY. +"Tacuarembo +, Valle +Eden +, region Tambores, febrero", +J. Arechavaleta +5483A (renumbered 458) (lectotype MVM, designated here). + + + +Description. + +Decumbent perennial, stems angled, muricate, glabrous, at least 50 cm long. Leaves shortly petiolate, 4-11 +x +0.2-1(-2) cm, narrowly oblong or very narrowly lanceolate, acuminate and mucronate, base hastate to sagittate, glabrous; petioles 8-12 mm. Inflorescence of solitary, axillary flowers; peduncles 0-2 mm; bracteoles 3-6 mm, filiform; pedicels 5-12 mm; sepals unequal, glabrous; outer sepals 10-12 +x +5 mm, oblong-ovate, acute, shortly mucronate, inner 15-19 +x +8 mm, ovate, acuminate, mucronate, the apex often bent; corolla 5.5-7 cm long, pink, funnel-shaped, glabrous; limb c. 3 cm diam. Capsules 11 +x +8 mm, ovoid with persistent style, glabrous; seeds tomentellous. + + + +Distribution. + +Apparently very rare in +"campo" +, presumably some kind of grassland in the border region of Uruguay and Brazil. + + +URUGUAY +: Gruta de Las Cuervas, +M.B. Berro +4823 (K). + + +BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul +: 55 km W of Rosario do Sul, + +Krapovickas & +Cristobal +34234 + +(CTES, MO). + + + +Lectotypification. + +In selecting lectotypes, we have designated +Arechavaleta +5483A as the lectotype of the type form as this is annotated by Arechavaleta as this species. The specimen designated as lectotype of forma +foliosa +is chosen because it appears to be the only possible specimen at MVM and is remarkable for the large number of leaves although there is no annotation to indicate Arechavalata considered it the type. + + + +Note. + +This species is sometimes treated as a synonym of + +Ipomoea kunthiana +(Austin et al. 2015) + +but the leaves are different and we prefer to treat it as distinct for the time being. It is presumably related to + +Ipomoea paranaensis + +but is readily distinguished by the narrowly oblong leaves, muricate stems and very short peduncles. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6C/08/166C08731B54A472FF19F9D9FDFDA1C2.xml b/data/16/6C/08/166C08731B54A472FF19F9D9FDFDA1C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..44e208982b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6C/08/166C08731B54A472FF19F9D9FDFDA1C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ + + + +A new species of Buprestis Linnaeus, 1758 from Veracruz, Mexico (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Buprestini) and a brief discussion of the Mesoamerican species of the subgenus Knulliobuprestis Kurosawa, 1988 + + + +Author + +Bellamy, C. L. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-03-29 + + +2803 + + +49 +56 + + + +journal article +1175-5326 + + + + + + + +Buprestis aurora + +, +n. sp. + + + + + + +Figures 1–4 + + + + +Description of female +holotype + +. + +Elongate, subovoid, flattened dorsoventrally; maximum length (from feebly anteriorly projecting frontoclypeal midpoint to apex of elytral sutural spine): +17.1 mm +, maximum width across elytral humeri: +5.5 mm +; surface moderately covered with medium-sized, shallow punctures on head, pronotum and less visibly on ventral surface; elytra striate-costate with punctures in subparallel striae slightly more dense; punctures apparently each with a single very short, recurved, nearly translucent seta, many of which are apparently abraded; antennae and legs with slightly more dense recumbent setae; each hind tibiae with a single row of very short, stout, erect setae along external edge in form of comb; dorsal coloration black with strong blue-green reflection; front of head, basal portion of mandibles, sides of pronotum, elytra and ventral surface with pattern of mostly yellow markings and one lateral yellow vitta on either side of pronotum, each elytron with slightly oblique discal vitta on elytra with swollen terminal circle, and a single broad preapical fascia of yellow bleeding to orange laterad, this pair of short fasciae subcontiguous except black subsutural costa; ventral surface nearly completely yellow except for dark markings that mostly mark the boundaries of each ventral sclerite; femora a mix of black shapes and yellow disc ( +Fig. 2 +); antennae, tibiae and tarsi a stronger intensity of iridescent blue-green. +Head +( +Fig. 3 +): median portion of frontoclypeal disc slightly projecting anteriorly when viewed from above, appearing feebly angulately convex; surface otherwise entire; antennal cavities moderate-sized, separated by distance greater than individual diameter; ventral portion of frontoclypeus divided into three sections by pair of oblique costae which diverge dorsally; these costae become confluent with broadly, shallowly concave ventral margin; anteclypeus prominently visible dorsad labrum; antennomere 1 elongate, slightly swollen apically, more than 3x length of 2; 3 narrower than 1, 2, slender; 4–10 elongate, slender distally, expanding apically; 11 oblong, rounded apically. +Pronotum +: in general shape, trapezoidal, narrower from anterior margin and expanding to maximum width at posterior margin; anterior margin bisinuate; posterior margin biarcuate; posterolateral angles subacute; lateral margins nearly straight except for feebly convex midpoint; disc very slightly rounded across width in cross-section, slightly steeper laterad. +Scutellum +: small, elongate-ovoid with disc slightly concave. +Elytra +: each with ten subparallel broadly rounded costae from suture to lateral margin; several of the costae become confluent or terminate anterior to apices; lateral margins subparallel from slightly posteriad anterolateral angles to about posterior 1/3, then narrowing to bispinose apices; sutural spine slightly longer than margin spine; disc very feebly rounded across width in cross-section, slightly steeper laterad; pygidium not visible between or beyond apex. +Thoracic ventrites +: anterior margin of prosternum broadly, shallowly convex. +Abdominal ventrites +: suture between 1 and 2 feebly visible laterally; last visible (ventrite 5) with sides strongly attenuate, apex bispinose. +Legs +: pro- and, mesofemora shorter, fusiform; metafemora slightly longer, parallel-sided; tibiae very slightly bisinuate when viewed laterally; protibiae slightly expanded distally with one pair of stout brown teeth internally and a slightly angulate apex externally; tarsi with first four tarsomeres each shorter than preceding; each with ventral pulvillus on entire length; claws slightly appendiculate basally, then narrowing to stout tips. +Ovipositor +( +Fig. 4 +): typical buprestid structure, i.e. elongate, membranous tube supported by sclerotized rods; apical coxites with stout sensory setae. + + +Variation. +An additional +six female +paratypes +constitutes the type series. These vary in size (length: +17.1 mm +– +21.5 mm +; width: +5.2 mm +– +5.9 mm +) and slightly in color with two of the smaller specimens having the dorsal elytral markings nearly completely yellow and without the orange tinge as in the +holotype +and other +paratypes +. This color variation could be natural or could be the result of chemical exposure to the prepared specimens. + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet + +aurora + +is chosen from a Latin poetical word meaning “dawn” to highlight the dorsal elytral markings which appear as sunrise from the orange lateroposterior to the discal anterior yellow ( +Fig. 1 +). + + + +Specimens examined +. + + +Holotype +, +♀ +( +CNIN +): + +MEXICO + +, +Veracruz + +1200m + +Vol +[cán] +San Martin +env. +Sant +[iago]. +Tuxla +, + +Juillet 2005 + +; +6 paratypes +: +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype; +1 ♀ +, [San Pedro de] +Soteapan +, +Veracruz +, MEXIQUE, 07.[19]99; +1 ♀ +, +San Pedro de Soteapan +, +Veracruz +500/ + +800m + +, MEXIQUE VII/ + +VIII 2000 + +; +2 ♀♀ +, +Mexico +, +Veracruz +, +San Pedro de Soteapan +, + +500–800m + +, VII-VIII-2001; +1 ♀ +, +MEXICO +VERACRUZ +vicinity +Santiago Tuxtlas +, +Volcán San Martin +, +Sierra +de los +Tuxtlas +/18E33'00"N 095E12'00"W, + +1200–1400m + +, + +12.vii.2009 + +, local collector + +. + +Paratypes +are deposited in the following collections: +CLBC +, +CNIN +, +RLWE +and +TNSB + +. + + + + +Comments. +As is clear from the images herein, + +B. aurora + +is similar in color and pattern to + +B. catoxantha + +. The recorded distribution of + +B. catoxantha + +is limited to El Progresso in +Guatemala +and the Mexican states of +Hidalgo +, +Puebla +and +Veracruz +; it is likely awaiting discovery in other southern Mexican states as well. With so much recorded habitat loss in southeastern +Mexico +, it may be too much to hope for a wider distribution of many things, particularly taxa with narrow host requirements.These two species can be separated by the obvious differences shown in the respective dorsal habitus illustration ( +Figs. 1 +, +17 +). The fact that there are two recently described species of + +Buprestis + +from +Veracruz +not only is suggestive of the rich biodiversity of that part of +Mexico +, but requires some brief mention of the trade in insect specimens that takes place in so many parts of the world. It has long been suspected that professional or mercenary collectors, perhaps Mexican nationals or foreign dealers, are collecting certain groups or in certain areas of mainland +Mexico +. Nearly all, if not all, of the known specimens of + +B. carabuho + +, including the original two on which the description was based ( +Westcott 1998 +) and all +seven specimens +of + +B. aurora + +discussed herein became available only through the insect trade network, principally several dealers from Europe. It is ironic that a country such as +Mexico +, widely known to be interested in understanding and sustaining biological diversity, would either be unaware or turn a blind eye in the direction of commercial ventures that may profoundly hamper such efforts. Certainly it is hard to control the movements of so many entering the country on tourist visas, but with the recent evolution of the Mexican system of collecting permits to all citizens and their foreign colleagues, it doesn’t seem that enough has been done in this area. Perhaps +Mexico +should consider something more well-defined and accepted such as Australia’s +holotype +declaration and permitting system? + + + +FIGURES 1–4. + +Buprestis +( +Knulliobuprestis +) +aurora + +, + +sp. nov. + +, female paratype. Fig. 1, dorsal habitus, Fig. 2, ventral habitus,Fig. 3, frontal aspect; Fig. 4, ovipositor, dorsal aspect. Scale bars = 1.0 mm, same for 1 and 2. + + + + +FIGURES 5–12. + +Buprestis +( +Knulliobuprestis +) + +spp., dorsal aspects. Fig. 5, + +B. bergevini +Théry, 1911 + +, holotype; Fig. 6, + +B. panamensis +Théry, 1923 + +, holotype; Fig. 7, + +B. hauseri +Obenberger, 1928 + +, holotype; Fig. 8, + +B. carabuho +Westcott, 1998 + +, holotype; Fig. 9, + +B. confluenta +Say, 1823 + +; Fig. 10 + +B. gibbsii +(LeConte, 1857) + +; Fig. 11, + +B. fremontiae +Burke, 1924 + +; Fig. 12, + +B. viridisuturalis +Nicolay & Weiss, 1918 + +. Scale bars = 1.0 mm. + + + + +FIGURES 13–17. + +Buprestis +( +Knulliobuprestis +) + +spp., dorsal aspects. Fig. 13, + +B. catoxantha +Gory, 1840 + +(Plate 20, Fig. 116 from +Gory 1840 +); Fig. 14, + +B. variegata +Laporte & Gory, 1837 + +(Plate 34, Fig. 192 from Laporte & Gory 1837); Fig. 15, + +B. jimenezi +Dugès, 1891 + +(Plate 1, Fig. 10 from +Dugès 1891 +); Fig. 16, + +B. rufipes +Olivier, 1790 + +; Fig. 17, + +B. catoxantha +Gory, 1840 + +. Scale bars = 1.0 mm, except Fig. 13–15. + + + + +FIGURE 18. +GoogleEarth map of southern Veracruz, Mexico showing the locations and relative distances between the place names from the locality label data of the type series of + +Buprestis aurora + +. + + + +In an interesting and timely recent publication, +Ross (2010) +provided a discussion about the various habitats and plant communities of the same region of southeastern +Veracruz +as well as information about the indigenous people (the Popoluca) and regional changes he observed during his time in that area. + + +Henry Hespenheide (in litt.) suggested + +B. aurora + +bears a general resemblance to the widespread neotropical buprestid + +Hiperantha interrogationis +(Klug 1825) + +, and thus potentially belonging to an undefined mimicry complex. While both of these taxa are recorded from the state of +Veracruz +, not enough is known about either to know if they share habitat or host preferences. The latter is less likely since species of + +Hiperantha + +, as with most of their stigmoderine relatives, are primarily flower-visiting as adults while + +Buprestis +species + +generally feed on foliage of the larval host plant(s) and not flowers. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6D/0F/166D0F2BB6EC38C5EDC17E4BCD140F89.xml b/data/16/6D/0F/166D0F2BB6EC38C5EDC17E4BCD140F89.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e96db670a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6D/0F/166D0F2BB6EC38C5EDC17E4BCD140F89.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Janssoniella caudata Kerrich, 1957 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6D/9A/166D9A7E0D029D8A9DC24DB5DA86D0AD.xml b/data/16/6D/9A/166D9A7E0D029D8A9DC24DB5DA86D0AD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9519f699b72 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6D/9A/166D9A7E0D029D8A9DC24DB5DA86D0AD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +Six new species of the spider genus Spiricoelotes species (Araneae, Agelenidae) from caves in Jiangxi, China + + + +Author + +Chen, Lu + + + +Author + +Zhao, Zhe + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +561 + + +1 +19 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.561.6965 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.561.6965 +1313-2970-561-1 +4CF796A98C4E4D11AD1C1CF69EBC8C84 +4CF796A98C4E4D11AD1C1CF69EBC8C84 + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Araneae Agelenidae + + + + +Spiricoelotes chufengensis Chen & Li +sp. n. +Figs 3, 4, 12 + + + + +Type +material. + + +Holotype ♂: China: Jiangxi: Ganzhou City: Ningdu County: Huangguan Village, Chufeng Cave, +N26°29'35" +, +E115°55'45" +, elevation: 395 m, 29.IV.2013, Y.F. Luo and J. Liu. Paratypes: 6♀, same data as holotype. + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective. + + +Diagnosis. + +The male of the new species has a uniquely shaped male palp and can be easily distinguished from all other +Spiricoelotes +by the more slender, needle-like conductor (conductor spiralled or with looped apex in other species) and the shorter cymbial furrow (approximately 1/4 length of cymbium, in other species approximately 1/2 length of cymbium) (Fig. 3 +A-C +). The female of the new species can be easily +distinguished +from all of the other +Spiricoelotes +by the smaller (subequal to hoods) and posterolaterally situated epigynal atria, the bulb-shaped copulatory ducts and the broader spermathecae (Fig. 4 +A-B +). + + + +Figure 3. Left palp of +Spiricoelotes chufengensis +sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. Scale bar equal for A, B and C. + + + + +Figure 4. Epigyne and habitus of +Spiricoelotes chufengensis +sp. n., A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bars equal for A and B, equal for D and E. + + + + +Description. + +Male (holotype): Total length 8.05. Carapace 4.25 long, 3.00 wide. Abdomen 3.80 long, 2.25 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.14, PME 0.18, PLE 0.18; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.14, PME-PLE 0.13. Leg measurements: I 15.05 (4.23, 5.12, 3.45, 2.25); II 13.55 (3.85, 4.30, 3.35, 2.05); III 12.85 (3.75, 4.05, 3.25, 1.80); IV 16.80 (4.65, 4.95, 4.75, 2.45). Chelicerae with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Palp: patellar apophysis long, subequal to width of patella, with pointed tip, strongly curved; RTA with pointed tip, extending slightly beyond the tibia; LTA short; cymbial furrow short, approximately 1/4 length of cymbium; conductor long, needle-like, anteriorly extending; embolus, beginning at 6 +o'clock +to 6:30 position (Fig. 3 +A-C +). + + +Female (one of the paratypes): Total length 7.52. Carapace 3.60 long, 2.48 wide. Abdomen 3.92 long, 2.36 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.19, PME 0.14, PLE 0.18; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.09. Leg measurements: I 13.15 (3.75, 4.45, 3.03, 1.92); II 11.24 (3.23, 3.80, 2.49, 1.72); III 10.62 (2.85, 3.32, 2.60, 1.85); IV 14.05 (3.80, 4.54, 3.80, 2.00). Chelicerae as in male. Epigyne: atria small, located posterolaterally; hoods distinct, located anterolaterally; spermathecae broad, convoluted; copulatory ducts bulb-shaped (Fig. 4 +A-B +). + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the type locality (Fig. 12). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6D/DB/166DDB3B839C5A60A50D5BF0108C0EDF.xml b/data/16/6D/DB/166DDB3B839C5A60A50D5BF0108C0EDF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8744c67e0d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6D/DB/166DDB3B839C5A60A50D5BF0108C0EDF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Floristic inventory and distribution characteristics of algific talus slopes in a specific area of forest biodiversity in South Korea + + + +Author + +Lee, Jong-Won +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-8396 +Korea National Arboretum, Yanggu, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Yun, Ho-Geun +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Hwang, Tae Young +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Kim, Kyungmin +Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Jung, Se-Hoon +Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +An, Jong Bin +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea +ajb8825@korea.kr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-18 + + +11 + + +113952 +113952 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952 +1314-2828-11-e113952 +5B963235F71B550FA1E3BC1F0E590B10 + + + + +Actinidia kolomikta (Maxim. & Rupr.) Maxim., 1859 + + + +Distribution +Russian Far East to Central China, North & Central Japan + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/03/166E03487D2B807AFFA1D14F894D3155.xml b/data/16/6E/03/166E03487D2B807AFFA1D14F894D3155.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..327a475d123 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/03/166E03487D2B807AFFA1D14F894D3155.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Saproxylic beetles of the Po plain woodlands, Italy + + + +Author + +Stefanelli, Silvia + + + +Author + +Della Rocca, Francesca + + + +Author + +Bogliani, Giuseppe + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1106 +1106 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1106 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1106 +1314-2828-2-1106 + + + + +Scaphidema metallicum (Fabricius, 1792) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Silvia Stefanelli +; individualCount: +4 +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:281913; scientificName: Scaphidemametallicum; order: Coleoptera; family: Tenebrionidae; genus: Scaphidema; scientificNameAuthorship: Fabricius 1792; Location: country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Pavia; locality: +SIC "Boschi Siro Negri e Moriano" - BN5 +; verbatimElevation: 62 m; verbatimCoordinates: 32T 502886E 5008393N; verbatimCoordinateSystem: UTM WGS 84; decimalLatitude: +45.229029 +; decimalLongitude: +9.036770 +; georeferencedBy: Silvia Stefanelli; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: Giuseppe Carpaneto; dateIdentified: 2011 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Silvia Stefanelli +; individualCount: +2 +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:281913; scientificName: Scaphidemametallicum; order: Coleoptera; family: Tenebrionidae; genus: Scaphidema; scientificNameAuthorship: Fabricius 1792; Location: country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Pavia; locality: +SIC "Boschi di Vaccarizza" - V1 +; verbatimElevation: 62 m; verbatimCoordinates: 32T 519272E 4999526N; verbatimCoordinateSystem: UTM WGS 84; decimalLatitude: +45.148947 +; decimalLongitude: +9.245157 +; georeferencedBy: Silvia Stefanelli; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: Giuseppe Carpaneto; dateIdentified: 2011 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Silvia Stefanelli +; individualCount: +4 +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:281913; scientificName: Scaphidemametallicum; order: Coleoptera; family: Tenebrionidae; genus: Scaphidema; scientificNameAuthorship: Fabricius 1792; Location: country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Pavia; locality: +SIC "Boschi di Vaccarizza" - V2 +; verbatimElevation: 65 m; verbatimCoordinates: 32T 519868E 4999488N; verbatimCoordinateSystem: UTM WGS 84; decimalLatitude: +45.148589 +; decimalLongitude: +9.252737 +; georeferencedBy: Silvia Stefanelli; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: Giuseppe Carpaneto; dateIdentified: 2011 + + + + +Distribution + +Albania, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Britain I., Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, Finland, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Russia North, Slovakia, Sweden, Yugoslavia ( +Fauna Europaea 2013 +). + + + +Notes + +The species is common. The larva develops in the rotting wood of broadleaves invaded by fungi ( +Fauna Europaea 2013 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/0F/166E0F4E5B1959186DEDC7ECBE5130D6.xml b/data/16/6E/0F/166E0F4E5B1959186DEDC7ECBE5130D6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8a2d2fb3eb8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/0F/166E0F4E5B1959186DEDC7ECBE5130D6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ + + + +A cybercatalogue of American sand fly types (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) deposited at the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Adams, Zoe J. O. + + + +Author + +Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +24484 +24484 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24484 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24484 +1314-2828-6-24484 + + + + +Evandromyia walkeri Newstead, 1914 + + + + +Phlebotomus walkeri +Newstead 1914 ( +Newstead 1914 +) + + +Phlebotomus gasti +Sherlock, 1962 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Lectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722099 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/218; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722100 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/219; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722101 +; sex: +Female +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/220; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722102 +; sex: +Female +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/221; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722133 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: State of Rondonia; locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/252; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722135 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: State of Rondonia; locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/254; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722136 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: State of Rondonia; locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/255; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + +Type status: +Paralectotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNHE1722137 +; sex: +Male +; Taxon: scientificName: Evandromyia (Aldamyia) walkeri (Newstead, 1914); Location: country: +Brazil +; stateProvince: State of Rondonia; locality: +Rio Abuna, Brazil/Boliva border +; Event: eventRemarks: http://phlebotominaenhmtypes.myspecies.info/node/256; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: Preserved Specimen + + + + +Distribution +Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela + + +Notes + +Valid species in +Evandromyia (Aldamyia) +. Lectotype designated by +Lewis 1967b +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/8D/166E8D49A13C23ECFD2573D055DA2624.xml b/data/16/6E/8D/166E8D49A13C23ECFD2573D055DA2624.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d9ad6e67c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/8D/166E8D49A13C23ECFD2573D055DA2624.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part H) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +557 +585 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Hibiscus cannabinus +Linnaeus + +, + +Systema Naturae +, ed. 10, 2 + +: 1149. 1759 + + +. + + + +["Habitat in India."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 979 (1763). RCN: 5093. + + + +Neotype +(Wijnands, +Bot. Commelins +: 144. 1983): [icon] " + +Alcea Bengalensis +spinosissima + +" in Commelin, Hort. Med. Amstelod. Pl. Rar. 1: 35, t. 18. 1697. + + + + +Current name: + +Hibiscus cannabinus +L. + +( +Malvaceae +). + + + + +Note: +Following a suggestion by Borssum Waalkes (in +Blumea +14: 63. 1966), Wijnands treated a Commelin plate as the +lectotype +. However, this is not cited in the protologue (though it was added in the later account in +Sp. Pl. +, ed. 2, 2: 979. 1763). It is therefore not original material for the name but, in the absence of any original material at all (sheet 875.27 (LINN) is original material for + +H. sabdariffa +L. + +), +Wijnands' +statement is treated as correctable to a neotypification (Art. 9.8). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/9B/166E9BBCB0915C7AA595150796CFC320.xml b/data/16/6E/9B/166E9BBCB0915C7AA595150796CFC320.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..da981720e0b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/9B/166E9BBCB0915C7AA595150796CFC320.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Asaphidion curtum curtum (Heyden, 1870) + + + + +Tachypus curtus +Heyden, 1870: 65. Type locality: "Valenzia, Albufera [Spain]" (original citation). Syntype(s) [2 originally cited] location unknown (possibly in DEI). + + + +Distribution. + +This European and North African subspecies is adventive in North America where it is known from Maine (Larochelle and +Lariviere +1990a: 28, 33, as + +Asaphidion flavipes + +) and southeastern New Hampshire (Bell 1989b: 204, as + +Asaphidion flavipes + +) to Long Island, New York (Davidson and Langworthy 1981: 280, as + +Asaphidion flavipes + +). The first inventoried specimens collected on this continent were found in the late 1920s in Long Island (Cooper 1930: 21, as + +Asaphidion flavipes + +), the next ones were found in 1976 also on Long Island (Davidson and Langworthy 1981: 280). + + + +Records. + +USA +: CT, MA, ME, NH, NY, RI - +Adventive + + + +Note. + +Two other subspecies, one from Morocco ( + +Asaphidion curtum moroccanum + +Antoine) and the other from the Canary Islands ( + +Asaphidion curtum delatorrei + +Uyttenboogaart), are recognized. + + + + +Figure +22. + + +Asaphidion curtum curtum + +(Heyden). This adventive bembidiine was reported in the North American literature under the name + +Asaphidion flavipes + +(Linnaeus) until a study of the male genitalia showed that the specimens were in fact conspecific with the morphologically similar + +Asaphidion curtum + +. + +Asaphidion + +species are odd-looking bembidiines and Linnaeus originally associated them with tiger beetles probably because of their large eyes and absence of elytral striae. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/A6/166EA6655E5C28AFB3E069A600309831.xml b/data/16/6E/A6/166EA6655E5C28AFB3E069A600309831.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..66627c686fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/A6/166EA6655E5C28AFB3E069A600309831.xml @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ + + + +Mollusc species from the Pontocaspian region - an expert opinion list + + + +Author + +Wesselingh, Frank +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Poorten, Jan Johan ter +Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kijashko, Pavel +Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Albrecht, Christian +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Anistratenko, Olga Yu +Schmalhausen Instite of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine & Institute of Geological Sciences, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, KievUkraine + + + +Author + +Frolov, Pavel +Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia + + + +Author + +Gándara, Alberto Martinez +Grigore Artipa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania + + + +Author + +Gittenberger, Arjan +Gittenberger Marine Research, Inventory & Strategy, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Gogaladze, Aleksandre +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Mikhail Karpinsky +Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Popa, Luis +Grigore Antirpa National Museum of Natural History, Bucharest, Romania + + + +Author + +Sands, Arthur F +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Vandendorpe, Justine +Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany + + + +Author + +Wilke, Thomas +Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +827 + + +31 +124 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.827.31365 +1313-2970-827-31 +10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651 +10B663895E424E5287D8F49E2405D651 + + + + +Dreissena bugensis +Andrusov, 1897 + + + + +*1897 +Dreissensia bugensis +Andrusov: 285-286, pl. 15, figs 31-37. + + +1972 +Dreissena rostriformis bugensis +(Andrusov, 1897). - Scarlato and Starobogatov: 232-233, pl. 6, fig. 16. + + +1994 +Dreissena bugensis +(Andrusov, 1897). - Rosenberg and Ludyanskiy: 1479-1480, fig. 1 +a-e +. + + +2013 +Dreissena bugensis +(Andrusov, 1897). - Kijashko in Bogutskaya et al.: 331, fig. 119. + + +2016 +Dreissena bugensis +(Andrusov, 1897). - Vinarski and Kantor: 78. + + + +Status. Until mid-20th century endemic to northern Black Sea liman coast, since then invasive elsewhere in Black Sea Basin, Volga catchment, western Europe, and North America. + + +Type locality. Bug Liman near Nikolaev, Ukraine. + +Distribution. Endemic to western Ukrainian liman coast, introduced in Danube Delta, Azov Sea, Volga catchment, western and central Europe, and North America ( +Orlova et al. 2005 +, +Coughlan et al. 2017 +). + + + + +Taxonomic +notes. This species has been considered as a subspecies of +D. rostriformis +(Deshayes, 1838) by some authors (e.g., +Orlova et al. 2005 +), yet we follow the argumentation of +Kijashko in Bogutskaya et al. (2013) +to consider it as a distinct species. The proposed synonymy of Caspian +D. rostriformis +(= +D. grimmi +) and Black Sea +D. bugensis +by +Stepien et al. (2013) +is discussed below under +D. grimmi +. + + + + +Conservation status. Least Concern ( +von Rintelen and Van Damme 2011a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/AD/166EADDA907DDE003F248887A309263B.xml b/data/16/6E/AD/166EADDA907DDE003F248887A309263B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f85b80b5d14 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/AD/166EADDA907DDE003F248887A309263B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific + + + +Author + +Reimer, James D. + + + +Author + +Poliseno, Angelo + + + +Author + +Hoeksema, Bert W. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +444 + + +1 +57 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537 +1313-2970-444-1 +FB83BDD3958A456DBFEA9C6C28D3E4D5 +FB83BDD3958A456DBFEA9C6C28D3E4D5 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Zoantharia Parazoanthidae + + + +20. +Parazoanthus sp. 1 +Figures 18A, 19 + + + + +Specimens +examined. + +NA. + + +Photographic records + +(n=3). West side of Pulau Kudengareng Keke, Spermonde Archipelago, South Salawesi ( +05°06'20"S +, +119°17'03"E +), June 4, 1997; Cabilao Island, Cebu Strait, Philippines ( +09°52'35"N +, +123°46'33"E +), November 16, 1999; station WAK.24, Ndaa Atoll northwest outer slope, REA Wakatobi National Park, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi, ( +05°38'46"S +, +124°02'42"E +), May 12, 2003. + + + +Description. +Very small (polyp diameter likely approximately 1 mm) azooxanthellate polyps regularly spaced and embedded within encrusting sponge tissue (Figure 18A). Polyps differentially colored from sponges; dark red (Cebu), yellow (Pulau Kudengareng Keke), white (Wakatobi). Tentacles up to 24 in number (in images here), as long as diameter of oral disk. + + +Figure 18. Images of +Parazoanthus +species from specimens and photographic records in this study. A +Parazoanthus +sp. 1 on cave ceiling at station WAK.24, Ndaa Atoll northwest outer slope, REA Wakatobi National Park, Southeast Sulawesi, Tukang Besi Islands, Wakatobi, May 12, 2003 B +Parazoanthus +sp. 2 at Southeast Likuan, Bunaken, North Sulawesi, May 10, 1998; and C and D +Parazoanthus +sp. 3 specimen RMNH Coel 40545, +Snellius-II +Expedition station 4.051, east of Melolo, northeast Sumba, depth = 75 to 90 m, collected on September 13, 1984 by rectangular dredge. Scales in C and D 1 cm. + + + + +Distribution. +Regions recorded in this study (Figure 19). Spermonde Archipelago (9), Tukang Besi Islands (12), Cebu (21). + + +Figure 19. Distribution of +Parazoanthus +species from specimens and photographic records from this study. +Parazoanthus +sp. 1 specimens in red, +Parazoanthus +sp. 2 in green, and +Parazoanthus +sp. 3 in blue. Region numbers correspond to locations given in +species' +information. Boxes indicate presence of specimens (with or without photographic records), while circles indicate only photographic records. Overlapping symbols indicate the same region. + + + +Past records. Previously, similar specimens have been reported from Japan ( +Sinniger et al. 2008 +) and the Red Sea ( +Reimer et al. 2014b +). + + + +Remarks. + +Based on phylogenetic data (J. Montenegro, F. Sinniger and J.D. Reimer, unpubl. data) it appears that this group includes several undescribed species. The species has been found on cave ceilings (Figure 18A), which may explain why it is azooxanthellate as in some other hexacorals with white polyps ( +Hoeksema 2012b +, Reimer et al. 2014, Irei et al. subm). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/C0/166EC02CC7CBB8ADAB3EEAA4B68C0C32.xml b/data/16/6E/C0/166EC02CC7CBB8ADAB3EEAA4B68C0C32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..569db53bd6f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/C0/166EC02CC7CBB8ADAB3EEAA4B68C0C32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ + + + +A systematic revision of Operclipygus Marseul (Coleoptera, Histeridae, Exosternini) + + + +Author + +Caterino, Michael S. + + + +Author + +Tishechkin, Alexey K. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +271 + + +1 +401 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.271.4062 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.271.4062 +1313-2970-271-1 + + + + +Operclipygus gratus +sp. n. +Figs 42 +A-B43A-D +, IMap 16 + + + +Type locality. + +COSTA RICA: Heredia: La Selva Biological Station +10°26'N +, +84°1'W +]. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype male: "COSTA RICA: Heredia, La Selva, 3.2 km SE Puerto Viejo, 100m, 28 Jan. 1992, W. Bell, ex: flight intercept trap"/ "SEMC0903624 KUNHM-ENT" (INBIO). Paratypes (10) same data as type, except as noted: 1: 14.ii.1992 (SEMC), 1: 17.ii.1992 (SEMC), 1: 28.ii.1992 (SEMC), 1: 22.vi.1998, FIT, C.E. Carlton & A.K. Tishechkin (LSAM); COSTA RICA: +Limon +: 1: Area Cons. Tortuguero, Sector Cerro Cocori, Fca. de E. Rojas, 150m, i.1993, E. Rojas, (INBIO), 2: v.1993, E. Rojas, (INBIO, FMNH), 1: vi.1993, E. Rojas, (INBIO); Guanacaste: 1: Parque Nac. Guanacaste, Est. Pitilla [misspelled Patilla], +10°59'22"N +, +85°25'33"W +, 610m, 13-15.vii.2000, FIT, J. Ashe, R. Brooks, Z. Falin (SEMC); Cartago: 1: Parque Nac. Barbilla, R.F. Rio Pacuare. Turrialba, Send. Principal, 200-300m, 14-23.vii.2001, FIT, W. Arana (INBIO). + + + +Other material. + +COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: 1: Las Cruces Biol. Sta., +08°47.14'N +, +82°57.58'W +, 1330m, 28-30.v.2004, FIT, J.S. Ashe, Z. Falin, I. Hinojosa (SEMC); 1: Est. Biol. Las Cruces, San Vito, 17. +viii- +12.ix.1982, FIT, B.D. Gill (BDGC); 1: +Est +. Biol. Las Cruces, Coto Brus, +8°47'N +, +82°57'W +, 1000m, 22-23.iii.2002, FIT, A. Cline & A. Tishechkin (LSAM). PANAMA: +Cocle +: 1: El Cope, Atlantic Slope, +08°37'N +, +80°35'W +, 730m, 19-20.xi.1994, FIT, D. Windsor, C. Edwards (SEMC); +Colon +: 1: San Lorenzo Forest, +9°17'N +, +79°58'W +, 4-6.x.2003, FIT, A.K. Tishechkin (LSAM), 1: 12-13.v.2004, FIT, A.K. Tishechkin (GBFM), 2: 21-24.v.2004, FIT, A.K. Tishechkin (AKTC, MSCC); +Panama +: 1: Pipeline Rd., 17-22.vi.1993, FIT, S. Lingafelter (SEMC); 1: Old Gamboa Rd., 15.vii.1993, FIT, D. Windsor (SEMC); 1: Barro Colorado Isl., +09°11'N +, +79°51'W +, 1.viii.1994, FIT, D. Banks (SEMC), 1: 7.vii.1994, FIT, D. Banks (SEMC); 1: Old Plantation Rd. 6.9km S Gamboa, +09°05'N +, +79°40'W +, 80m, 4-7.vi.1995, FIT, J.S. Ashe & R. Brooks (SEMC), 2: 7-22.vi.1995, FIT, J. Ashe, R. Brooks (SEMC). + + + +Diagnostic description. + +Length: 1.40-1.78 mm, width: 1.09-1.31 mm; body rufescent, elongate oval, widest near humeri; frontal stria complete, subcarinate at middle; epistoma depressed at middle, apical margin appearing subcarinate; antennal club with basolateral pit, with second annulus interrupted on dorsal surface; lateral submarginal pronotal stria present in apical third to half; anterior submarginal stria barely recurved, much shorter than lateral submarginal; pronotal disk with ~15 coarser punctures, most concentrated in anterolateral third; antescutellar region broadly depressed, with narrow prescutellar impression barely longer than scutellum; outer subhumeral stria present in apical half only, inner subhumeral stria absent, striae 1-3 complete, 4th stria varied, from present in apical half to nearly complete, 5th stria present in apical half to two-thirds, sutural stria present in apical three-fourths; prosternal keel distinctly produced at base, with carinal striae closely-set, subparallel, weakly convergent to front, united in anterior arch about three-fourths from base; mesoventrite distinctly and discretely emarginate at middle, marginal stria complete; mesometaventral stria subangulate to midpoint of mesoventral disk, extending posterlaterally toward outer corner of metacoxa; 1st abdominal ventrite with two lateral striae complete, subparallel; propygidium with uniform round, shallow punctures separated by about their diameters; pygidium lacking apical marginal sulcus, ground punctation fine, dense, with coarser secondary punctures interspersed, denser along basal margin. Male genitalia (Fig. 43 +A-D +, I): accessory sclerites present; T8 with sides weakly convergent apicad, with broad, shallow basal emargination, basal membrane attachment line about one-third distad basal emargination, apical emargination shallow, acute, with ventrolateral apodemes most well-developed basally, not meeting, narrowed to apex; S8 with sides moderately rounded in basal two-thirds, narrowing to apex, with apical guides narrow, not strongly upturned; S9 with sides subparallel in basal two-thirds, apices weakly convergent, bluntly acute at inner corners; T10 with halves separate; S9 rather short, narrowed at middle, expanded to broad, weakly emarginate base, with apical emargination narrow, apical flanges separate, desclerotized along midline; tegmen with sides weakly rounded, widest just distad midpoint, narrowed to subacute apex lacking subapical cleft, medioventral process well-sclerotized, acute, projecting beneath about one-fourth from base; median lobe about one-third tegmen length, proximal +apodemes +differentiated about two-thirds from gonopore; basal piece short, slightly less than one-fourth tegmen length. + + + +Remarks. + +In this species and the four that follow (through +Operclipygus assimilis +), the medioventral process of the aedeagus is acute (Figs 43 +I-L +), and the tegmen lacks any subapicoventral cleft. Most of these species have the 9th sternite of the male relatively short and broad (Figs 43D, H, M). All five of them exhibit a distinct sensory pit on the upper surface of the antennal club near the laterobasal edge (Fig. 4I). However, this is also found in +Operclipygus hospes +and in +Operclipygus ignifer +, a surprising conflict in otherwise apparently strong characters. + + +Operclipygus gratus +can be distinguished from other species in the +Operclipygus hospes +group by the presence of a basolateral pit on the upper surface of the antennal club Fig. 4I), in combination with a depressed epistoma having a subcarinate anterior margin (Fig. 42B), frontal stria slightly carinate across the front, abbreviated lateral submarginal pronotal stria, and a complete lack of a marginal pygidial sulcus. Individuals from Costa Rica more typically have the 4th elytral stria strongly abbreviated, whereas it is very nearly complete in Panamanian specimens. There are no other significant differences separating specimens from these regions that we could find so we keep them together as a single species, though the type series is limited to northeastern Costa Rican localities. + + + +Figure 42. +Operclipygus hospes +group. A Dorsal habitus of +Operclipygus gratus +B Frons of +Operclipygus gratus +C Dorsal habitus of +Operclipygus confertus +D Prosternum of +Operclipygus confertus +E Ventral habitus of +Operclipygus rileyi +F Dorsal habitus of +Operclipygus assimilis +G Pygidia of +Operclipygus +assimilis H Dorsal habitus of +Operclipygus praecinctus +. + + + + +Figure 43. Male genitalia of +Operclipygus hospes +group. A T8 of +Operclipygus gratus +B S8 of +Operclipygus gratus +C T9 & T10 of +Operclipygus gratus +D S9 of +Operclipygus gratus +E T8 of +Operclipygus rileyi +F S8 of +Operclipygus rileyi +G T9 & T10 of +Operclipygus rileyi +H S9 of +Operclipygus rileyi +I Aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views, of +Operclipygus gratus +J Aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views, of +Operclipygus confertus +K Aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views, of +Operclipygus rileyi +L Aedeagus, dorsal and lateral views, of +Operclipygus praecinctus +M S9 of +Operclipygus assimilis +. + + + + +Map 16. Records of the +Operclipygus hospes +group. + + + + +Etymology. + +This +species' +name hints at its pleasantly recognizeable morphology. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592170FFFEDF67F93CEDC76B3E.xml b/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592170FFFEDF67F93CEDC76B3E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf326dcf00e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592170FFFEDF67F93CEDC76B3E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,407 @@ + + + +A new species of Cretevania Rasnitsyn, 1975 (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber + + + +Author + +ROSSE-GUILLEVIC, SIMON + + + +Author + +JOUAULT, CORENTIN + +text + + +Palaeoentomology + + +2023 + +2023-06-14 + + +6 + + +3 + + +242 +249 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.6 + +journal article +10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.6 +2624-2834 +8073076 +63C918C3-778D-4D90-AA27-562D8F9A2902 + + + + + + +Key to the known species of +Cretevania +(updated from + +Li +et al., +2018 + +) + + + + + + + +1. Forewing with pterostigma short (2r-rs about as long as its distance to pterostigma base), two r-m veins and 2m-cu absent ................................................................................ 2 + + +- Forewing with pterostigma long (2r-rs much shorter than its distance to pterostigma base)............................................ 3 + + + + + +2. Forewing with 1-Rs subvertical to R, 1cu-a interstitial....... ......................................... + +C +. +cyrtocerca + +(Lebanese amber) + + + + +- Forewing with 1-Rs vertical to R, 1cu-a postfurcal ............ ................................................. + +C +. +tenuis + +(Burmese amber) + + + + + +FIGURE 4. +Map of the occurrences of the genus + +Cretevania + +in the fossil record. The colour gradient is indicative of the age of the locality. + + + + +3. Forewing with 2m-cu present........................................... 4 + + +- Forewing with 2m-cu absent ............................................ 5 + + + + + +4. Forewing with 2r-m, 2-Rs+M present ................................. .................................................... + +C +. +minor + +(Taimyr amber) + + + + +- Forewing with 2r-m, 2-Rs+M absent .................................. ................... + +C +. +venae +(Huangbanjigou, Yixian Formation) + + + + + + + +5. Forewing with 1cu-a postfurcal, cell 2cua present, 2Rs+M present (small)...................................................................... .............. + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +(Burmese amber) + + + +- Forewing with 1cu-a interstitial, cell 2cua absent or not closed, 2Rs+M absent....................................................... 6 + + + + + +6. Forewing with 2r-m indistinct, 2Rs+M absent, 2rm triangle, nearly as wide as 1mcu......................................................... ...................... + +C +. +vesca +(Huangbanjigou, Yixian Formation) + + + + +- Forewing with 2r-m entirely lost...................................... 7 + + + + +7. Forewing with 1cu-a postfurcal........................................ 8 + + +- Forewing with 1cu-a interstitial or lost .......................... 10 + + + + + +8. Forewing with 1-Rs subvertical to R and Rs+M, 2r-rs long, marginal cell 3r nearly as long as 1+2r................................ ....................... + +C +. +mitis +(Huangbanjigou, Yixian Formation) + + + + +- Forewing with marginal cell 3r small triangle, about 1.5× as long as 1+2r ...................................................................... 9 + + + + + +9. Forewing with cell cua broad, wider than 1mcu, free M geniculate distal of 2r-rs, 1-Rs vertical to R....................... ............................................. + +C +. +montoyai + +(San Just amber) + + + + +- Forewing with cell cua narrower than 1mcu, free M geniculate at the same level of 2r-rs, 1-Rs inclined towards wing base................................. + +C +. +alcalai + +(San Just amber) + + + + + + +10. Forewing with 1cu-a interstitial, nearly as long as 1-M, free M geniculate distal of 2r-rs, 1-Rs inclined towards pterostigma base ................................................................. .............. + +C +. +exquisita +(Huangbanjigou, Yixian Formation) + + + + +- Forewing with 1cu-a entirely lost................................... 11 + + + + + +11. Antennae short with 10 flagellomeres, mesosoma with notauli present ....................... + +C +. +bechlyi + +(Burmese amber) + + + +- Antennae short with 11 flagellomeres, mesosoma lacking notauli............................................................................. 12 + + + + + +12. Forewing with Cu between 1-M and 1m-cu not longer than 1m-cu, 2r-m spectral, 2-Rs and 2-M straight, wing apex shape rounded............................. + +C +. +soplaensis +(El Soplao) + + + + +- Forewing with Cu between 1-M and 1m-cu not longer than 1m-cu, 2r-m entirely lost ................................................ 13 + + + + +13. Forewing with 2-Rs+M present...................................... 14 + + +- Forewing with 2-Rs+M absent ....................................... 19 + + + + +14. Forewing with 2-Rs+M longer than 2r-rs....................... 15 + + +- Forewing with 2-Rs+M shorter than 2r-rs...................... 16 + + + + + +15. Forewing +1.1 mm +long, with 1-Rs very short...................... .................................................. + +C +. +minuta + +(Taimyr amber) + + + + +- Forewing much longer (~ +2 mm +or more) ............................ .................................................... + +C +. +major + +(Taimyr amber) + + + + + + +16. Forewing with M not geniculate opposite 2r-rs .................. ...... + +C +. +meridionalis +(Bon Tsagaan, Dzun-Bain Formation) + + + + +- Forewing with M geniculate opposite 2r-rs.................... 17 + + + + + +17. Forewing +2.3 mm +long, with 1-Rs oblique to R, 3r cell short ............................. + +C +. +alonsoi + +(Peñacerrada outcrop I) + + + + +- Forewing about +3 mm +long, with 1-Rs vertical to R, cell 3r long ................................................................................. 18 + + + + + + +18. Forewing with 2-RS much longer than 3-RS ...................... ............................................. + +C +. +extincta + +(Jordanian amber) + + + + +- Forewing with 2-RS as long as 3-RS .................................. ................ + +C +. +concordia + +(Old pit, Clockhouse Brickworks) + + + + + + +19. Forewing +1.4 mm +long, with cell 3r about as long as pterostigma ........................ + +C +. +rubusensis + +(San Just amber) + + + + +- Forewing +3.3 mm +long, cell 3r much longer than pterostigma .................. + +C +. +pristina +(Jianshangou, Beipiao) + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592175FFFADCC5F93BEBF96DCA.xml b/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592175FFFADCC5F93BEBF96DCA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ab2e2f7650f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592175FFFADCC5F93BEBF96DCA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ + + + +A new species of Cretevania Rasnitsyn, 1975 (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber + + + +Author + +ROSSE-GUILLEVIC, SIMON + + + +Author + +JOUAULT, CORENTIN + +text + + +Palaeoentomology + + +2023 + +2023-06-14 + + +6 + + +3 + + +242 +249 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.6 + +journal article +10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.6 +2624-2834 +8073076 +63C918C3-778D-4D90-AA27-562D8F9A2902 + + + + + + +Genus + +Cretevania +Rasnitsyn, 1975 + + + + + + + + +Type +species. + + +Cretevania minor +Rasnitsyn, 1975 + + + +Other species. + +Cretevania alcalai + +Peñalver +et al +., 2010 + + +; + +C +. +alonsoi + +Peñalver +et al +., 2010 + + +; + +C +. +bechlyi + +Jennings +et al +., 2013 + + +; + +C +. +concordia +Rasnitsyn & Jarzembowski, 1998 + +; + +C +. +cyrtocerca +Deans, 2004 + +(in + +Deans +et al +., 2004 + +); + +C +. +exquisita +( + +Zhang +et al +., 2007 + +) + +; + +C +. +extincta +Kaddumi, 2005 + +(see +Kaddumi, 2007 +); + +C +. +major +Rasnitsyn, 1975 + +; + +C +. +meridionalis +Rasnitsyn, 1991 + +; + +C +. +minuta +Rasnitsyn, 1975 + +; + +C +. +mitis +( + +Li +et al +., 2014 + +) + +; + +C +. +montoyai + +Peñalver +et al +. 2010 + + +; + +C +. +pristina +( +Zhang & Zhang, 2000 +) + +; + +C +. +rubusensis + +Peñalver +et al +., 2010 + + +; + +C +. +soplaensis + + +Pérez-de la Fuente +et al +., 2012 + +; + +C +. +tenuis +Li, Rasnitsyn & Ren, 2018 + +(in + +Li +et al +., 2018 + +); + +C +. +venae +Li, Rasnitsyn & Ren, 2018 + +(in + +Li +et al +., 2018 + +); + +C +. +vesca +( + +Zhang +et al +., 2007 + +) + +; and + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + + +Stratigraphical extension: late Hauterivian–late Santonian + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592175FFFFDF67FE75EAAE6479.xml b/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592175FFFFDF67FE75EAAE6479.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cbe317a2c83 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6E/F2/166EF2592175FFFFDF67FE75EAAE6479.xml @@ -0,0 +1,482 @@ + + + +A new species of Cretevania Rasnitsyn, 1975 (Hymenoptera: Evaniidae) from the mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber + + + +Author + +ROSSE-GUILLEVIC, SIMON + + + +Author + +JOUAULT, CORENTIN + +text + + +Palaeoentomology + + +2023 + +2023-06-14 + + +6 + + +3 + + +242 +249 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.6 + +journal article +10.11646/palaeoentomology.6.3.6 +2624-2834 +8073076 +63C918C3-778D-4D90-AA27-562D8F9A2902 + + + + + + + +Cretevania kachinensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 1–3 +) + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: + +3C7621BE-F2E1-4F5C-8A47- E53C3746 +CAD +8 + + + + + + +Material. + +Holotype +IGR +.BU-075 (in an amber piece measuring 11 × 6 × +1 mm +, with a few stellate hairs and a Thysanoptera), deposited in the amber collection of the +Geological Department +and +Museum +of the +University of Rennes +, +France +( +IGR +). + + + + + +Etymology. +The species name refers to the state of the +type +locality of the amber piece. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Antennae with 10 flagellomeres; scape shorter than head length; pedicel very short, about as long as wide. Forewing with pterostigma elongate, longer than 2r-rs; pterostigma base basad of 2Rs middle; vein 1Rs about 0.25× as long as 1M and subvertical to R; 1+2r cell 1.4× as long as 3r cell; 2r-rs 2.25× as long as pterostigma width; 2Rs slightly longer than 3Rs; 1m-cu anteriad of 2Rs+M fork, angle between 1m-cu and 2Cu +ca +. 110°; 1mcu cell about 1.6× as long as wide; 2rm cell triangular, +ca +. 1.8× as long as 1mcu cell; 2r-m spectral (outlined by the absence of microtrichia); 1cu-a distinctly postfurcal; 2cua cell rectangular (1cu-a and 2cu-a complete, and A slightly overpassing 2cu-a); 2cu-a straight; 2m-cu absent; A not fused with 2cu-a. + + +Locality and horizon. +Noije Bum Hill, Hukawng Valley, +Kachin State +, +Myanmar +; upper Albian to lower Cenomanian, mid-Cretaceous. + + + + +Description. +Male. Body mostly black (complicating the observation of mesosomal structures). Total length +ca +. +3.2 mm +. + + +Head +ca +. +0.38 mm +long, +0.5 mm +high (0.76× as long as high), covered with minute erected setae. Eyes kidneyshaped +ca +. +0.15 mm +long, +ca +. +0.22 mm +high (0.68× as long as high). Antennae with 12 antennomeres, +ca +. +1.12 mm +long and +ca +. +0.05 mm +wide; scape short and thick, shorter than head length; pedicel very short, about as long as wide; flagellomeres cylindrical, distinctly longer than wide, gradually and slightly thickening and shortening towards apex, except apical one (flagellomere I +ca +. +0.11 mm +long, penultimate +0.07 mm +long, and apical one +0.12 mm +long); distal flagellomere acuminate. Clypeus short and lenticular, with a sigmoidal profile. Mandibles robust, bases apparently broader than clypeus length. Maxillary palpus with at least four palpomeres, length of measurable part +0.23 mm +, apical palpomere acuminate. Labial palpus not visible. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype IGR.BU-075. +A +, Habitus in left lateral view. +B +, Habitus in right lateral view. Scale bars = 500 µm ( +A +) and 750 µm ( +B +). + + + +Mesosoma +0.98 mm +long, +0.5 mm +high covered with minute erected setae; long, white and erected setae present ventrolaterally (on mesopleuron and propleuron). Mesopleuron with anepisternum and katepisternum delineated by a conspicuous carina. Propodeum and metapleuron areolate-rugose. Mid and hind legs close together, distinctly separated from forelegs (distance between fore and mid coxae +0.04 mm +). Forelegs: coxa +0.24 mm +long, +0.1 mm +wide; trochanter +0.16 mm +long, +0.08 mm +wide; femur +0.38 mm +long, +0.06 mm +wide; tibia setulose +0.5 mm +long, +0.03 mm +wide; tarsus +0.48 mm +, +0.03 mm +wide, basitarsomere slightly shorter than remaining tarsomeres lengths combined, all others subequal in length. Mid-legs: coxa +0.37 mm +long, +0.04 mm +wide; trochanter +0.23 mm +long, +0.04 mm +wide; femur +0.53 mm +long, +0.07 mm +wide; tibia setulose +0.52 mm +long, +0.04 mm +wide; tarsus +0.51 mm +long, +0.03 mm +wide, basitarsomere about same length as tarsomeres II– IV, tarsomere V slightly longer than tarsomere IV. Hindlegs: coxa very robust (strongly enlarged) +0.39 mm +long, +0.18 mm +wide; trochanter +0.25 mm +long, +0.09 mm +wide; femur very robust (strongly enlarged) and setulose, +0.53 mm +long, +0.18 mm +wide; tibia widening after midlength, distinctly setulose along dorsal edge and punctate, +0.7 mm +long, +0.1 mm +wide; tarsus +0.75 mm +long, +0.04 mm +wide, basitarsomere slightly shorter than remaining tarsomeres lengths combined, all others subequal in length. Tibial spurs formula 1-2-2; tarsal claws simple; arolium present. + + +Forewing hyaline, covered with microsetae, +1.7 mm +long and +0.67 mm +wide; costal area at most as broad as pterostigma; pterostigma fully sclerotized, infuscate, darker basally; 1Rs extremely short, strongly angled with 1M; 1Rs+M longer than 2r-rs, 0.4× as long as 2Rs; 2Rs long and curved; 2r-rs reaching Rs slightly anteriad 2rm; 3Rs slightly curved reaching wing margin well before apex; R continuing along wing margin distad cell 3r apex; M+Cu basal half spectral; cell 1mcu trapezoidal, longer than wide, with sides 1Rs+M and 2Cu subparallel (both veins straight); M geniculate, angle between 2M and 3M +ca +. 160°; 2M curved; 3M slightly sigmoidal, longer than 2M; A straight; 1Cu slightly longer than 1Rs, slightly angled with 2Cu; 2Cu shorter than 1Rs+M; 3Cu long, distal third curved towards posterior wing margin; cell 2cua shorter and thinner than cell 1mcu; Rs, M and Cu distal abscissae reaching wing margin. Hind wing small (apex nearly aligned with 2Rs+M), hyaline, covered with microsetae; R with three(?) hamuli. + + +Metasoma +2.11 mm +long, +0.55 mm +wide; petiole swelled ventrally in distal third, 0.75× as long as rest of metasoma, 0.8× as long as mesosoma; second metasomal segment sub-triangular (in lateral view), 0.44× as long as petiole. Parameres exerted and lobe-shaped. + + + + +Remarks. + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +differs from the two other species close to where it keys out because of wing venation characters. The new species differs notably from + +C +. +vesca + +in having 2rm cell +ca +. 1.8× as long as 1mcu cell, 1Rs 0.25× as long as 1M and subvertical to the latter, pterostigma base basad midpoint of 2Rs, 2r-rs 2.25× as long as pterostigma width, 1+2r cell 1.4× as long as 3r cell, 2Rs slightly longer than 3Rs, 1m-cu located basad 2Rs+M fork, angle between 1m-cu and 2Cu of +ca +. 110°, 1mcu cell about 1.6× as long as wide, 1cu-a postfurcal, 2cua cell closed (1cu-a and 2cu-a complete, and A slightly overpassing 2cu-a). + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype IGR.BU-075. +A +, Head in right laterofrontal view (arrows pointing to the flagellomeres). +B +, Detailed lateral left view of mesosoma (arrows point to the limit between anepisternum and katepisternum). +C +, Detailed lateral left view of legs (arrows pointing respectively to mid and hind tibial spurs). +D +, Detailed lateral left view of metasoma (arrow pointing to swollen petiole). Scale bars = 250 µm ( +A +, +D +), 100 µm ( +B +), 500 µm ( +C +). + + + + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +differs from + +C +. +alcalai + +because of the presence of the vein r-m (spectral, +vs +. absent? in + +C +. +alcalai + +), the 2cu-a and A distinct with 2cu-a straight ( +vs +. fused to form a broadly curved vein), and the vein 1Rs subvertical (strongly inclined towards wing base in + +C +. +alcalai + +). + + +The new species differs from the two other species known from the mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber ( + +C +. +tenuis + +and + +C +. +bechlyi + +) because of its unique combination of wing venation characters but also owing to its antennae and eye shape. + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +differs from + +C +. +tenuis + +in having 2r-rs much shorter than its distance to pterostigma base (about as long as its distance to pterostigma base in + +C +. +tenuis + +), +i +. +e +., in having a much longer pterostigma. + +C +. +tenuis + +also has bigger and rounder eyes, 2Rs+M longer, and a thinner and longer 3r cell. + + +It is worth noting that + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +is also, with + +C +. +bechlyi + +, the only other member of the genus bearing 10 flagellomeres ( +i +. +e +., +11 in +other + +Cretevania +species + +). However, the scape and pedicel relative sizes are clearly different between the two species (scape very long and pedicel very short in + +C +. +bechlyi + +, more homogenous in size in + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +). + +C +. +bechlyi + +also has a 2cu-a subequal in length to 1m-cu (smaller than 1m-cu in + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +), and a petiole 0.5× as long as mesosoma (0.8× as long as mesosoma in + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +). + +C +. +bechlyi + +also has a distinctly spatulate wing shape, +i +. +e +., area under 3Cu wide and expanded (the wing is more slender in + +Cretevania kachinensis + + +sp. nov. + +, +i +. +e +., not expanded under 3Cu). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/67/166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62.xml b/data/16/6F/67/166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1b16a94e992 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/67/166F67A500E2CE9F21BD32BFF716CC62.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +The Middle Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Khok Sung (Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications + + + +Author + +Suraprasit, Kantapon + + + +Author + +Jaeger, Jean-Jacques + + + +Author + +Chaimanee, Yaowalak + + + +Author + +Chavasseau, Olivier + + + +Author + +Yamee, Chotima + + + +Author + +Tian, Pannipa + + + +Author + +Panha, Somsak + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +613 + + +1 +157 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.613.8309 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.613.8309 +1313-2970-613-1 +0FDE9BAB3DD4402DB6E1177639C32D43 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Squamata Varanidae + + + +Varanus sp. + + + +Referred material. +Two trunk vertebrae-DMR-KS-05-03-08-36 and DMR-KS-05-03-29-36. + + +Material description. +The vertebra DMR-KS-05-03-08-36 is more complete than the specimen DMR-KS-05-03-29-36 (for measurements, see Tab. 17). The pre- and postzygapophyses are slightly broken at the second specimen. In both specimens, the neural spines are unfortunately broken away. In anterior view, the cotyle is oval in outline, dorsoventrally compressed, and ventrally oriented (Fig. 35J). The prezygapophyses lack a part of the prezygapophyseal process and are dorsally inclined about 45°. The neural canal is narrow. The neural arch lacks a part of the zygosphene. No paracotylar foramina are present. In posterior view, the condyle and the postzygapophyses show a mirrored morphology with the anterior part. No zygantrum is observed. In dorsal view, the prezygapophyseal facets are drop-shaped and project laterally. The interzygapophyseal constriction is also present. In ventral view, the synapophyses protrude laterally and the centrum is triangular in outline (Fig. 35K). + + +Taxonomic remarks and comparisons. + +We assign these two vertebrae to the the family +Varanidae +due to the following morphological characters: a centrum tapering posteriorly, a precondylar constriction, a ventrally facing cotyle, and a large and flared condyle ( +Romer 1956 +, +Averianov and Danilov 1997 +). The Khok Sung vertebrae match well the genus +Varanus +because the condyle is much wider than the posterior end of the centrum and none of the articulatory surface is visible in ventral view. They are also similar in morphology to +Varanus +according to an amphicoelous centrum, +condyles +facing very dorsally (anterodorsal direction), an oval-shaped cotyle, a short neural spine, and an absence of the zygosphenes and zygantra ( +Lee 2005 +). +Varanus +sp. is reported from the Middle Pleistocene of Phnom Loang ( + +Beden and +Guerin +1973 + +). Two varanid species, +Varanus cf. komodoensis +(larger) and +Varanus salvator +, are described from the Middle Pleistocene of Trinil H. K. ( +Hocknull et al. 2009 +). The Khok Sung specimens are comparable in size to the recent (e.g., +Varanus salvator +: NMW 39446/1) and fossil (e.g., +Varanus +sp.: RMNH DUB 3 and RMNH DUB 5792 recovered in Trinil H. K., Java) specimens. Identifying these vertebrae more precisely to the species-level, more detailed morphological comparisons need to be made in the future. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC01DF56FF08FC53FA2D6EF1.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC01DF56FF08FC53FA2D6EF1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3c0c16e9c36 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC01DF56FF08FC53FA2D6EF1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + +Distribution of + +Ceratoppia + +in western North +America + + + + +All species described here are considered to have a North American coastal temperate rainforest distribution ( +Fig. 39 +). + +Ceratoppia indentata + +and + +C. longicupsis + +are the dominant + +Ceratoppia + +for temperate rainforests on the west coast of North +America +. + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + +has a restricted distribution within the Pacific Northwest, however, this may reflect sampling bias due to a strictly arboreal habitat. All species except + +C. valerieae + +appear endemic to this rare ecozone. + +Ceratoppia valerieae + +is frequently encountered in coastal forests, generally occurring in low abundance, yet is the dominant + +Ceratoppia + +for interior southern British +Columbia +through to southwestern Alberta. The distribution range of + +C. offarostrata + +appears limited to coastal locations on Vancouver Island and Haida Gwaii, British +Columbia +, but could be due to habitat specificity. Variation in body size and relative lengths of posterior setae were observed in northern and southern range for + +C. valerieae + +, and southern populations of + +C. indentata + +. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + +exhibited variation in posterior setae length on Haida Gwaii, where specimens collected had slightly shorter posterior setae and reduced rostral bump. + + +North American coastal temperate rainforests have high tree and other plant diversity, high habitat heterogeneity and diversity of microhabitats compared to other temperate or boreal forest systems. Well-developed forest floor organic layers, long-lived trees with complex architecture, and epiphytic plant and lichen habitats may also help explain the high oribatid mite diversity encountered in these forests. However, why + +Ceratoppia + +and other members of the family +Peloppiidae +are especially species rich in these systems remains unclear. + + +In addition to the five new species I describe, + +C. quadridentata arctica + +was observed on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British +Columbia +within the temperate rainforest biogeoclimatic zone, however, only in alpine and high elevation areas. +Hammer (1955) +first described the subspecies of + +C. quadridentata + +( + +C. quadridentata arctica +Hammer, 1955 + +) from Alaska. In +Canada +the subspecies has been found in the three northern territories, and northern areas of Alberta, Quebéc, and Newfoundland, however a wider distribution of + +C. quadridentata arctica + +is suspected. For example, in collections for western +Canada +, + +C. quadridentata arctica + +was found in samples from northern British +Columbia +(Charlie Lake, Fort +St. John +), as well as high elevation and subalpine areas of the British +Columbia +temperate zone (Heather Mt. subalpine, Vancouver Island, at +1097m +; Comox Glacier meadow, Vancouver Island, at +1840m +; Lost Shoe Creek at Hwy 4, Vancouver Island; Manning Provincial Park, at +1768m +). + + +Increased sampling efforts will reveal more robust distribution patterns for all species of + +Ceratoppia + +in North +America +. For example, in +Canada +, + +C. bipilis +( +Hermann, 1804 +) + +is known from all provinces and territories except British +Columbia +and Saskatchewan, but given its holarctic distribution (e.g. +Sweden +, +England +, +France +, +Germany +, +Italy +, +Holland +, +Switzerland +) ( +Trägårdh 1910 +) and presence in northern regions of other Canadian provinces, further sampling will probably reveal this species in the northern areas of these provinces. Other + +Ceratoppia + +listed for +Canada +appear well defined, but less common. For example, + +C. sexpilosa + +has been recorded from eastern +Russia +, and Yukon Territory, while + +C. sphaerica + +is listed in +Canada +from the northern territories, and has a Boreal forest distribution (Siberia, East +Greenland +) ( +Trägårdh 1910 +). Additionally, there are possibly three (or more) undescribed + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC02DF57FF08F925FA2D6DB3.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC02DF57FF08F925FA2D6DB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..017d283e1ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC02DF57FF08F925FA2D6DB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,232 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + +Key to adults of species of + +Ceratoppia + +known from North +America + + + + + + + +1. Mentum of subcapitulum with two pairs of hypostomal setae................................................... 2 + + +- Mentum of subcapitulum with one pair of hypostomal setae.................................................... 3 + + + + + +2. Two pairs of long posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +)..................................... + +C. bipilis +(Hermann) + +group (Holarctic, widespread in North +America +) + + + + +- Two pairs of very short posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +)........................................ + +C. valerieae + + +n. sp. + +(known from BC, AB, WA, OR, CA) + + + + + +3. Two or three pairs of conspicuous notogastral setae........................................................... 4 + + +- Notogastral setae reduced, much shorter than length of rostral setae.............................................. 8 + + + + + +4. Three pairs of notogastral setae long, conspicuous ( +h1 +, +p2 +, +p3 +).................................. + +C. sexpilosa +Willmann + +(known from AK, YK, NT, NU) + + + +- Two pairs of conspicuous notogastral setae................................................................. 5 + + + + + +5. Rostrum deeply indented with inset medial tooth; interlamellar setae distinctly shorter than length of lamellae; notogastral setae +h1 +and +p3 +expressed; barbed epimeral setae (3–1–2–3)....................................... + +C. indentata + + +n. sp. + +(known from BC, WA, OR, CA) + + + +- Rostrum not deeply indented, rounded (dentate) or with large medial tooth........................................ 6 + + + + + +6. Rostrum with strong medial tooth and lateral denticles; lamellae reaching insertion of rostral setae; interlamellae setae as long or longer than lamellae........................................................ + +C. quadridentata +(Haller) + +group (Holarctic, widespread in northern North +America +) + + + +- Rostrum rounded anteriorly, dentate, but without medial tooth; lamellae not reaching insertion of rostral setae............ 7 + + + + + +7. Large (700–1000 um); dark (almost black) in colour; lamellar setae longer than rostral setae; interlamellar setae as long as prodorsum, longer than lamellae; lamellae short cusps; two pairs of medium length posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +)............................................................................................ + +C. sphaerica +(L. Koch) + +(known from AK, YK, NT, NU) + + + + +- Smaller species (550–650 um), reddish in colour, with prominent rostral bump in lateral view; two pairs of medium length posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +)............................................................ + +C. offarostrata + + +n. sp. + +.......................................................................................(known from BC) + + + + + + +8. Three pairs of reduced notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p2 +, +p3 +), in particular setae +p2 +minute, not discernable in all specimens; lamellae long, reaching insertion of rostral setae, with 2/3 free cusps; lamellar setae reduced, much shorter than rostral setae; large medial rostral tooth with lateral denticles; interlamellar setae long, reaching past tips of lamellae....... + +C. longicuspis + + +n. sp. + +(known from BC, WA, OR, CA) + + + + +- Two pairs of reduced notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +); lamellae with short cusps, not reaching insertion of rostral setae; interlamellar setae longer than lamellae; wide medial rostral tooth; smaller species (530–580 um).................. + +C. tofinoensis + + +n. sp. + +(known from BC, WA, OR) + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC04DF53FF08FAB8FB09686F.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC04DF53FF08FAB8FB09686F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..239e11286ba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC04DF53FF08FAB8FB09686F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,516 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + +n. sp. + + + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +: Adult female. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Upper Walbran Valley, +48°39’N +, +124°35’W +, +25 July 2005 +(Z. Lindo & N.N. Winchester) from bark scraping at +16 m +in western redcedar ( + +Thuja plicata +D. Don + +); deposited in the +CNC +, +type +No. 23976. +Paratypes +: 20 with same data as +holotype +. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, Rainforest Trail ( +49°00’N +, +125°37’W +), +13 October 2005 +(V. Behan-Pelletier), one from moss and bark at breast height on western redcedar. +Paratypes +deposited in the +CNC +, +PFC +, +RNC +, and ZLC. + + +Other material examined. +Canada +, British +Columbia +: Graham Island, Haida Gwaii ( +53°28’N +, +132°25’W +); Cape St. James, Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, Haida Gwaii ( +51°56’N +, +131°1’W +). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is from the Latin “ +offa +” meaning “lump”, and refers to the prominent bump on the rostrum seen in lateral view. + + + + +Diagnosis. Adult. +Total length 570–640 µm, with character states of +Peloppiidae +( + +Grandjean, 1954; as +Ceratoppiidae + +), and character states of + +Ceratoppia + +as described above. This species can be differentiated from other + +Ceratoppia + +by the presence of a single pair of hypostomal setae; two pairs of posterior notogastral setae conspicuous ( +p1 +, +p3 +); rostrum rounded with many denticles but without prominent medial tooth, or indentation; rostrum in lateral view with prominent ‘bump’; lamellae with short cusps not reaching the insertion of rostral setae; interlamellar setae distinctly longer than lamellae. + + + + +FIGURES 32–33. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + + +n. sp. + +, adult female. +32 +, dorsal aspect; +33 +, ventral aspect. Legs removed. Scale bars = 300 µm. + + + + +Description. Adult. +( +Figs. 32 +–38) + + +Measurements: +Mean total length: females ( +n += 6) 625 µm (range 620–640); males ( +n += 4) 575 µm (range 570–580) ( +Figs. 32 +–34). Mean notogastral width: females ( +n += 6) 360 µm (range 330–370); males ( +n += 4) 333 µm (range 310–350). + + +Integument: +Smooth to microtuberculate. Integument laterad of bothridial setae between acetabula III and IV tuberculate. +Prodorsum: +Rostrum without medial tooth, dentate with five to eight teeth ( +Fig. 32 +, Figs. 37–38). Seta +ro +80 µm long, acuminate, thick, barbed, extending well beyond rostrum (Figs. 36–38). Lamellae about 220 µm long to end of cusps, not reaching insertion of +ro +(Fig. 37). Lamellar cusps about 61 µm long. Seta +le +about 110 µm long, barbed, tapering, extending anteriorly well beyond rostrum (Figs. 36–38). Seta +in +barbed, 260 µm long, extending anteriorly beyond tips of lamellae (Fig. 37). Mutual distance of setal pairs +ro–ro +, +le–le +, and +in–in +, about 68, 60, and 77 µm, respectively. Seta +ex +not observed; alveoli removed anteriolaterally from bothridial. Bothridial seta 160 µm long, with long barbs (Fig. 34). +Lateral aspect of prodorsum: +Pedotectum I well developed, rounded and crenulate anteriorly, with dorsal cusp about 18 µm long. Prominent bump on the rostrum seen in lateral view (Figs. 37–38). Lateral ridge from base of acetabula I to base of rostrum (Fig. 38). +Notogaster: +Subequal length to width, (ratio l:w = 1.01:1); hysterosoma often fattened with four eggs of considerable size (about 280 µm long). Notogastral setae reduced to alveoli, except for two pairs of posterior setae. Posterior notogastral setae +p1 +about 55 µm long (range 48–63, +n += 11), barbed; setae +p3 +about 46 µm long (range 40–55, +n += 10) barbed ( +Fig. 32 +, Fig. 34). + + +FIGURES 34–38. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + + +n. sp. + +, scanning electron microscope images of adult. +34 +, habitus, dorsal aspect, bothridial setae ( +bo +), interlamellar setae ( +in +), lamellar seta ( +le +), posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +); +35 +, habitus, ventral aspect, posterior setae ( +p3 +), adanal setae ( +ad1 +, +ad2 +); +36 +, habitus, frontal aspect, bothridial setae ( +bo +), interlamellar setae ( +in +), lamellar seta ( +le +), rostral setae ( +ro +); +37 +, prodorsum, dorsal aspect, interlamellar setae ( +in +), lamellar setae ( +le +), rostral setae ( +ro +), and rostral bump (a); +38 +, rostrum, anterio–lateral aspect, showing rostral bump (a), rostral setae ( +ro +), lamellar setae ( +le +), and lateral carina (ca). Scale bars = 300 µm (Fig. 34, 35), 200 µm (Fig. 36), 100 µm (Fig. 37), and 50 µm (Fig. 38). + + +Lyrifissures +im +, +ip +, +ih +, and +ips +present, all about 8 µm long. +Ventral region: +Coxisternal setae smooth or with a few barbs, acuminate; formula (epimeres I to IV) 3–1–3–3 ( +Fig. 33 +). Setae lengths as follows: +1a +, +1b +, +1c +about 35, 78, 93 µm, respectively, +2a +, +3a +, +3b +, +3c +about 32, 21, 94, 21 µm, respectively, and +4a +, +4b +, +4c +about 37, 35 and 21 µm, respectively. Six pairs of genital setae ranging in length from 18–25 µm, with longest +g5 +and +g6 +, setose. Aggenital seta about 21 µm long, setose, acuminate. Two pairs of anal setae about 21 µm long, acuminate. Three pairs of adanal setae; +ad3 +24 µm, +ad1 +34 µm and +ad2 +30 µm, all barbed ( +Fig. 33 +, Fig. 35). Lyrifissure +iad +8 µm long, anterior to +ad3 +. +Gnathosoma: +Subcapitular mentum without tectum; one pair of +h +setae about 52 µm long; gnathosomal setae +m +38 µm long, and +a +about 31 µm long. + + +Legs: +Ratio of leg IV to body length about 0.65:1. Approximate lengths of leg segments (femur, genu, tibia, tarsus; in µm): I 143, 35, 93, 134; II 111, 27, 79, 114; +III 73 +, 35, 94, 117; +IV 75 +, 50, 107, 150. Pretarsus tridactylous with large smooth empodial and slightly thinner lateral claws. Setation (I–IV, number of solenidia in parentheses): trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 5–4–3–2; genua 3(1)–3(1)–2(1)–3; tibiae 4(2)–4(1)–3(1)–3(1); tarsi 20(2)–15(2)–15– 12; setation indicated in +Table 2 +. Seta +d +absent from genua and tibiae of adult, no evidence of retention associated with socket of solenidion ϕ1. Most of leg setae conspicuously barbed. Seta +ft” +on tarsus leg IV prominent, thick, barbed. Femur of leg III–IV with well developed ventral keel; femur leg I–II relatively slender without ventral keel, with bumpy cerategument anteriorly. Tibiae solenidion ϕ1 of leg I flagellate, anterior of ϕ2 which is straight, sharp. Leg II tarsal solenidia ω1 and ω2 subequal, straight, relatively short; tibial solenidia ϕ straight, twice as long as genua solenidia σ. Porose areas dorsolateral and antiaxial on femora of all legs, and trochanters III, IV. Single specimen with deformed right leg I tarsus. + + + + +Remarks. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + + +n. sp. + +and + +C. sexpilosa + +share the characteristic rostral ‘bump’, but + +C. offarostrata + +differs from + +C. sexpilosa + +in the number and expression of posterior notogastral setae. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + +has two pairs of posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +and +p3 +expressed) versus three pairs ( +h1 +, +p2 +, +p3 +expressed) in + +C. sexpilosa +( +Hammer 1967 +) + +. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + +also lacks a prominent medial rostral tooth; other similar species which lack medial rostral tooth include + +C. sphaerica + +and + +C. hoeli +Thor, 1930 + +, but these lack the rostral ‘bump’. + +Ceratoppia hoeli + +also differs from + +C. offarostrata + +in having simple posterior seta, very short lamellar cusps, and long lamellar setae ( +Thor 1930 +). + +Ceratoppia sphaerica + +is quite similar to + +C. offarostrata + +(two pairs of medium sized, barbed +p1 +, +p3 +setae) but in addition to lacking the rostral bump, + +C. sphaerica + +is much larger in size (0.7–1.0 mm) ( +Hammer 1955 +; +Seniczak & Seniczak 2010 +). A full diagnosis and comparison of + +C. offarostrata + +with + +C. sphaerica + +is problematic though as the original +type +specimen of + +C. sphaerica + +as described by +L. Koch (1879) +is unknown; the original drawings and text are poor. The consensus of character states for + +C. sphaerica + +are: large body size (700–1000 um); dark (almost black) in colour; prodorsum rounded anteriorly with a serrate or dentate edge; lamellar setae longer than rostral setae; interlamellar setae as long as prodorsum, longer than lamellae; lamellae not reaching insertion of rostral setae, with short cusps; two pair, rather short posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +and +p3 +) ( +Trägårdh 1906 +; +Gilyarov 1975 +; +Hammer 1952 +; +1955 +; +Seniczak & Seniczak 2010 +). + + + + +Distribution. + +Ceratoppia offarostrata + + +n. sp. + +occurs in low frequency and low abundance in samples collected from the Walbran Valley on Vancouver Island, British +Columbia +. Specimens collected from +type +locality in Walbran Valley are associated exclusively with bark scraping samples on western redcedar. Similarly, specimens collected from Pacific Rim National Park, British +Columbia +are from moss and bark samples collected from western redcedar trees at breast height. Association with bark habitats, and the possibility of host tree specificity, may explain the low occurrence of collection for this species. The distribution range of + +C. offarostrata + +appears limited to coastal locations on Vancouver Island and Haida Gwaii. Specimens collected from Haida Gwaii have slightly shorter posterior setae and reduced rostral bump. The distributional patterns of + +C. sphaerica + +suggest this species is limited to arctic and subarctic areas in western +Canada +; + +C. offarostrata + +may be southern variant subspecies of + +C. sphaerica + +; further sampling of + +C. offarostrata + +and comparison with + +C. sphaerica + +is warranted. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC12DF49FF08F8B3FC1B69B2.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC12DF49FF08F8B3FC1B69B2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce5943ab1b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC12DF49FF08F8B3FC1B69B2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,554 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + + +Ceratoppia longicuspis + +n. sp. + + + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +: Adult female. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Upper Walbran Valley ( +48°39’N +, +124°35’W +) +5 September 2005 +(Z. Lindo) from suspended soil at +35 m +in canopy of western redcedar ( + +Thuja plicata +D. Don + +); deposited in the +CNC +, +type +No. 23975. +Paratypes +: 20 with same data as +holotype +. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island: Upper Carmanah Valley ( +48°44’N +, +124°37’W +), +3 July 1990 +(N. Winchester), two from moss in canopy of Sitka spruce ( + +Picea sitchensis +(Bong.) Carr. + +); Cowichan Lake ( +48°50’N +, +124°10’W +), +16 June 1979 +(I.M. Smith), four from damp litter near creek. +USA +, Oregon, Benton County, Mary’s Peak Botanical Special Interest Area ( +44°30’N +, 12332’W), +28 June 1983 +(I.M. Smith), eight from foliage sweepings. +Paratypes +deposited in the +CNC +, +PFC +, +RNC +, and ZLC. + + +Other material examined. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island: Moyeha Watershed, Clayoquot Sound ( +49°24’N +, +125°54’W +); Bamfield Marine Station ( +48°45’N +, +125°10’W +); Hwy +19, 26 km +N of Hwy 28 ( +50°14’N +, +125°34’W +); Pacific Rim National Park ( +49°0’N +, +125°36’W +); Heather Mountain ( +48°57’N +, +124°28’W +); Caycuse ( +48°53’N +, +124°21’W +); Goldstream Provincial Park ( +48°28’N +, +123°32’W +); Brooks Peninsula ( +50°7’N +, +127°46’W +). British +Columbia +: Winter Inlet, Pearse Island ( +54°49’N +, +130°26’W +); Newcombe Harbour, Pitt Island ( +53°43’N +, +130°5’W +); Graham Island, Haida Gwaii ( +53°29’N +, +130°20’W +); Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park ( +53°4’N +, +126°16’W +). +USA +, Oregon: Tillamook State Forest ( +45°30’N +, +123°39’W +); Siuslaw National Forest ( +44°21’N +, +123°48’W +); Alsea Falls ( +44°20’N +, +123°31’W +); H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Willamette National Forest ( +44°10’N +, +123°13’W +); Mt. Hood National Forest ( +45°35’N +, +122°4’W +); Siskiyou National Forest ( +42°30’N +, +123°57’W +); Burnt Hill ( +42°14’N +, +124°23’W +). California, Salt Point State Park ( +38°57’N +, 12332’W). + + + + +Etymology. +This species is named for the relatively long length of the lamellar cusps. + + + + +Diagnosis. Adult. +Total length 600–770 µm, with character states of +Peloppiidae +( + +Grandjean, 1954; as +Ceratoppiidae + +), and character states of + +Ceratoppia + +as described above. This species can be differentiated from other + +Ceratoppia + +by the presence of three pairs of very small posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p2 +, +p3 +), in particular setae +p2 +minute, often not discernable; lamellae long, reaching insertion of rostral setae, with 2/3 free cusps; lamellar setae much shorter than rostral setae; large medial rostral tooth with lateral denticles; interlamellar setae long, reaching ends of lamellae; one pair of hypostomal setae. + + + + +Description. Adult. +( +Figs. 8 +–15) + + +Measurements: +Mean total length: females ( +n += 6) 735 µm (range 690–770); males ( +n += 4) 660 µm (range 600–700) ( +Figs. 8 +–10). Mean notogastral width: females ( +n += 6) 460 µm (range 430–480); males ( +n += 4) 400 µm (range 370–420). + + +Integument: +Smooth to microtuberculate. Integument laterad of bothridial setae between acetabula III and IV tuberculate. +Prodorsum: +Rostrum with large triangular rostral tooth and one or two lateral teeth, well posterior to rostrum (Fig. 12). Seta +ro +85–103 µm long, barbed, tapering to a sharp point, extending well beyond rostrum ( +Figs. 1 +, 11). Lamellae about 284 µm long to end of cusps, reaching well beyond insertion of +ro +(Fig. 12). Lamellar cusps about 183 µm long with large lateral denticle (Fig. 11). Seta +le +about 51 µm long, barbed, tapering, extending anteriorly beyond rostrum. Seta +in +barbed, 277 µm long, extending anteriorly just to or beyond tips of lamellae (Figs. 12, 14). Mutual distance of setal pairs +ro–ro +, +le–le +, and +in–in +, about 45, 102 (variable), and 86 µm, respectively. Seta +ex +not observed; alveoli well removed anteriolaterally from bothridia ( +Fig. 8 +). Bothridial seta 138 µm, thick, barbed. +Lateral aspect of prodorsum: +Pedotectum I well developed, dentate anteriorly, with dorsal cusp about 20 µm (Fig. 14). +Notogaster: +Subequal length to width, (ratio l:w = 1.01:1); hysterosoma often fattened with 6– +21 +eggs of considerable size (about 237 µm long). Notogastral setae reduced to alveoli, except for three pairs of posterior setae. Alveoli +h1 +variable in position. Posterior notogastral setae +p1 +, about 23 µm long (range 15–28, +n += 14), minutely barbed (Figs. 10, 14); setae +p2 +present, very small, about 5 µm, setose (Fig. 15), not discerned on all specimens; setae +p3 +about 19 µm long (range 13–30, +n += 12), minutely barbed (Figs. 13–15). Lyrifissures +im +, +ip +, +ih +, and +ips +present, all about 10 µm long. +Ventral region: +Apodeme IV forming shallow furrow with minitectum on anterior portion, thinning near genital aperture. Coxisternal setae smooth or with a few barbs, acuminate, relatively long; formula (epimeres I to IV) 3–1–3–3. Setae lengths as follows: +1a +, +1b +, +1c +about 43, 77, 76 µm, respectively, +2a +, +3a +, +3b +, +3c +about 39, 30, 104, 25 µm, respectively, and +4a +, +4b +, +4c +about 35, 34 and 25 µm, respectively. Six pairs of genital setae ranging in length from 18–25 µm, with longest +g4 +and +g5 +, setose. Aggenital seta about 26 µm long, setose. Two pairs of anal setae about 18 µm long, setose. Three pairs of adanal setae; +ad3 +about 23 µm, simple to minutely barbed; +ad1 +and +ad2 +thicker, barbed, about 25 and 26 µm long, respectively (Fig. 15). Lyrifissure +iad +8 µm long, anterior to +ad3 +. +Gnathosoma: +Subcapitular mentum without tectum; one pair of setae +h +about 45 µm long; gnathosomal setae +m +48 µm long, and +a +about 36 µm long (Fig. 11). + + +Legs: +Ratio of leg IV to body length about 0.7:1. Approximate lengths of leg segments (femur, genu, tibia, tarsus; in µm): I 144, 41, 89, 146; II 120, 27, 85, 137; +III 86 +, 39, 115, 131; +IV 96 +, 67, 149, 174. Pretarsus tridactylous with large smooth empodial and slightly thinner lateral claws. Setation (I–IV, number of solenidia in parentheses): trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 5–4–3–2; genua 3(1)–3(1)–2(1)–3; tibiae 4(2)–4(1)–3(1)–3(1); tarsi 20(2)–15(2)–15– 12; setation indicated in +Table 2 +. Seta +d +absent from genua and tibiae of adult, no evidence of retention associated with socket of solenidion ϕ1, as illustrated for + +Ceratoppia bipilis +( +Grandjean 1935 +) + +. Leg I genua setae +l” +thick and barbed compared to other leg I setae. Leg I tarsal solendia ω1 and ω2 subequal in length. All tarsal setae barbed except +p +which is simple, straight, short on leg I, increasing in length and becoming curved, almost flagellate on subsequent legs. + + + + +FIGURES 8–9. + +Ceratoppia longicuspis + + +n. sp. + +, adult female. +8 +, Dorsal aspect; +9 +, Ventral aspect. Legs removed. For description of setae see Materials and methods. Scale bars = 300 µm. + + + + +Remarks: +Rostral tooth of + +C. longicuspis + + +n. sp. + +and cusps of lamellae prominent, generally larger and longer than other species of + +Ceratoppia + +. Possible similar but undescribed species from the east coast of +Canada +with large rostral tooth and long lamellar cusps with short lamellar setae. Patterns of posterior setal expression among the + +Ceratoppia + +reveal two main forms; a dominant state with two pairs of posterior seta ( +p1 +and +p3 +) expressed, and a subdominant combination of three pairs of posterior notogastral seta expressed ( +h1 +, +p2 +, +p3 +) ( +Seniczak & Seniczak 2010 +). However, while + +Ceratoppia longicuspis + +posterior setal expression is similar to + +C. sexpilosa + +with three pairs of posterior setae, it is +p1 +rather than +h1 +that is expressed with +p2 +and +p3 +. All setae are short, in particular, setae +p2 +are minute and not observable in most specimens. A similar expression of +p +-series notogastral setae is found within the Gustavioidea in + +Gustavia fusifer +( +C.L. Koch, 1841 +) ( +Seniczak & Seniczak 2010 +) + +. + + + + +Distribution: + +Ceratoppia longicuspis + + +n. sp. + +is the dominant + +Ceratoppia + +in arboreal habitats, primarily epiphytic bryophytes, through most of the Pacific Northwest coastal temperate rainforest biogeoclimatic zone, but also co–occurring in lesser abundance in forest floor habitats with other + +Ceratoppia + +species described herein. + + +Widely distributed and abundant on Vancouver Island, British +Columbia +, +Canada +, the distribution extends southward through to northern California, and northward to Haida Gwaii (formerly Queen Charlotte Islands) and the north coastal of British +Columbia +(Pearse Island, Pitt Island, Tweedsmuir Provincial Park). + +Ceratoppia longicuspis + +has a mainly coastal distribution, but occurs occasionally in interior British +Columbia +, Washington and Oregon. + + +FIGURES 10–15. + +Ceratoppia longicuspis + + +n. sp. + +, scanning electron microscope images of adult. +10 +, habitus, dorsal aspect, posterior setae ( +p1 +); +11 +, gnathosoma, ventral aspect, gnathosomal setae ( +a +), ( +m +), hypostomal setae ( +h +), lamellar setae ( +le +), and rostral setae ( +ro +); +12 +, prodorsum in dorsal aspect, interlamellar setae ( +in +), lamellar setae ( +le +), and rostral tooth; +13 +, habitus, ventral aspect, posterior setae ( +p3 +); +14 +, habitus, lateral aspect, bothridial setae ( +bo +), interlamellar setae ( +in +), posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +), pedotectum I (Pd); +15 +, posterior ventral plate, ventral aspect, adanal setae ( +ad1 +, +ad2 +), posterior notogastral setae ( +p2 +, +p3 +). Scale bars = 300 µm (Figs. 10, 13, 14), 200 µm (Fig. 12), and 100 µm (Fig. 11, 15). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC17DF43FF08FF0EFEBB6CEA.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC17DF43FF08FF0EFEBB6CEA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3dceca5edaa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC17DF43FF08FF0EFEBB6CEA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + +Genus + +Ceratoppia +Berlese, 1908 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + +: + +Notaspis bipilis +Hermann, 1804 + +, p. 7. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Adults of the genus + +Ceratoppia + +are unique among the +Peloppiidae +in having the following combination of character states: chelicerae chelate–dentate; sejugal apodeme conspicuous, straight; legs heterotridactylous; lamellae parallel with thin, projecting, well defined cusps; bothridial setae elongate, typically setiform (clavate in + +C. clavisensillata + +); notogaster rounded; two or three pairs of posterior notogastral setae often prominent; dorsophragma and pleurophragma absent; pedotecta I and II well–developed; dorsal side of pedotecta I with prominent blade–like tooth extending anteriorly; lateral ridge extending from base of acetabula I to rostrum; humerosejugal porose areas absent; apodeme IV transverse, curving around genital plate, with furrow and minitectum present anteriorly, incomplete adjacent to genital plate; six pairs of genital setae; three pairs of adanal setae of which +ad +1 and +ad +2 subequal in shape; palp setal formula 0–1–2–3–9(1); +acm +closely associated with solenidion on palptarsus; axillary saccule of subcapitulum absent; porose areas dorsolateral and antiaxial on femora of all legs, and trochanters III, IV. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC17DF46FF08FCE6FC7A690A.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC17DF46FF08FCE6FC7A690A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a6c19c12b6a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC17DF46FF08FCE6FC7A690A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,751 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + + +Ceratoppia indentata + +n. sp. + + + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +: Adult female. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Upper Walbran Valley ( +48°39’N +, +124°35’W +), +10 September 2004 +(Z. Lindo) from forest floor below western redcedar ( + +Thuja plicata +D. Don + +); deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, +Canada +( +CNC +), +type +No. 23974. +Paratypes +: ten with same data as +holotype +. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island: Upper Carmanah Valley ( +48°44’N +, +124°37’W +), +3 July 1990 +(N.N. Winchester), ten from forest floor below Sitka spruce ( + +Picea sitchensis +(Bong.) Carr. + +). +USA +: Washington, Hoh Valley, Olympic National Park ( +47°52’N +, +123°54’W +), +10 September 1983 +(A. Fjellberg), seven from litter and humus below Sitka spruce. Oregon, Curry County, Alfred A. Loeb State Park ( +42°6’N +, +124°11’W +), +12 August 1985 +(E.E. Lindquist), 11 from moss and lichen around tan-oak and willow trunks; Oregon, Lane County, H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Willamette National Forest ( +44°10’N +, +123°13’W +), +15 May 1984 +(D.S. Chandler), 18 from rotting logs on forest floor. +Paratypes +deposited in the +CNC +, +PFC +, +RNC +, and ZLC. + + +Other material examined. +Canada +, British +Columbia +: Caycuse ( +48°53’N +, +124°21’W +); Broken Island Group ( +48°52’N +, 12419’W); Barkley Sound ( +48°58’N +, +124°6’W +); Bamfield Marine Station ( +48°45’N +, +125°10’W +); Hesquiat Peninsula Provincial Park ( +49°22’N +, +126°31’W +); Sydney Inlet, Clayoquot Sound ( +49°30’N +, +126°17’W +); Campbell River, +STEMS +Research site ( +50°03’N +, +125°26’W +); Brooks Peninsula ( +50°7’N +, +127°46’W +); Lax Kw'alaams ( +54°33’N +, +131°25’W +). +USA +, Washington: Quinault Rain Forest, Olympic National Forest ( +47°32’N +, +123°40’W +); Queets River, Olympic National Park ( +47°32’N +, +124°21’W +). Oregon: Tillamook State Forest ( +45°30’N +, +123°39’W +); Siuslaw National Forest ( +44°21’N +, +123°48’W +); Alsea Falls ( +44°20’N +, +123°31’W +); Mary’s Peak Botanical Special Interest Area ( +44°30’N +, +123°32’W +); Siskiyou National Forest ( +42°30’N +, +123°57’W +). California: Jedediah Smith Redwood State Park ( +41°46’N +, +124°5’W +); Angelo Coast Range Reserve ( +39°40’N +, +123°39’W +); Van Damme Beach State Park ( +39°16’N +, +123°43’W +); Salt Point State Park ( +38°57’N +, +123°32’W +); Purisima Creek Redwoods Regional Open Space near Halfmoon Bay ( +37°24’N +, +122°21’W +). + + + + +Etymology. +This species is named for the deeply indented rostrum with large, single, inset medial denticle. + + + + +Diagnosis. Adult. +Total length 560–650 µm, with character states of +Peloppiidae +( + +Grandjean 1954; as +Ceratoppiidae + +), and character states of + +Ceratoppia + +as described above. This species can be differentiated from other + +Ceratoppia + +by the presence of a distinct invaginated rostrum with a thin, somewhat flexible, medial denticle, and many lateral denticles; interlamellar setae distinctly shorter than the lamellae, only reaching the base of the lamellar cusps; one pair of hypostomal setae; lamellae not reaching the insertion of the rostral setae. + + + + +Description. Adult. +( +Figs. 1 +–7) + + +Measurements: +Mean total length: females ( +n += 5) 628 µm (range 600–650); males ( +n += 5) 584 µm (range 560–600) ( +Figs. 1–2 +). Mean notogastral width: females ( +n += 5) 376 µm (range 360–380); males ( +n += 5) 352 µm (range 340–380). + + + +FIGURES 1–2. + +Ceratoppia indentata + + +n. sp. + +, adult female. +1 +, Dorsal aspect; +2 +, Ventral aspect. Legs removed. For description of setae see Materials and methods. Scale bars = 300 µm. + + + +Integument: +Smooth to microtuberculate. Integument laterad of bothridial setae between acetabula III and IV tuberculate. +Prodorsum: +Rostrum strongly indented (18 µm deep × 13 µm wide), with single sub–triangular medial denticle at base of indentition and 7–11 sharp denticles along margin and laterally ( +Fig. 1 +, Fig. 5). Lateral ridge extending from base of acetabulum I to rostrum (Fig. 5). Seta +ro +68–83 µm long, thick, acuminate, barbed, extending well beyond rostrum ( +Fig. 1 +, Figs. 5, 7). Lamella about 227 µm long to end of cusps, not reaching insertion point of +ro +, striate at base (Fig. 7). Lamellar cusps about 91 µm long with small lateral denticle. Seta +le +about 94 µm long, thick, barbed, inserted medially on lamellar cusp and extending anteriorly beyond rostrum (Fig. 7). Seta +in +barbed, 144 µm long, not reaching tip of lamella ( +Fig. 1 +, Fig. 7). Mutual distance of setal pairs +ro–ro +, +le–le +, and +in–in +, about 47, 40, and 66 µm, respectively. Seta +ex +not observed; alveoli well removed anteriolaterally from bothridia ( +Fig. 1 +). Bothridial seta 191 µm long, thin with long barbs, tapering to point. +Lateral aspect of prodorsum: +Pedotectum I well developed, dentate anteriorly, with dorsal cusp about 20 µm. +Notogaster: +Subequal length to width; hysterosoma often fattened with 1– +7 +eggs of considerable size (about 260 µm long). Notogastral setae reduced to alveoli, except for two pairs of posterior setae ( +Fig. 1 +, Figs. 3–4). Alveoli with porose areas ( +Fig. 1 +). Posterior notogastral setae +h1 +, about 103 µm long (range 75–118, +n += 13), barbed; setae +p3 +about 78 µm long (range 60–95, +n += 16), barbed; +p1 +alveoli well removed posteriorly and mediad to +h1 +; +p2 +alveoli mediad to +p3 +. Lyrifissures +im +, +ip +, +ih +, and +ips +present, all about 10 µm long. +Ventral region: +Apodeme IV forming shallow furrow with minitectum on anterior portion ( +Fig. 2 +), thinning near genital aperture as described by +Grandjean (1970) +. Epimeral setae smooth or with a few barbs, acuminate, relatively long; formula (epimeres I to IV) 3–1–2–3 ( +Fig. 2 +). Setae lengths as follows: +1a +, +1b +, +1c +about 25, 47, 75 µm, respectively, +2a +, +3a +, +3b +, about 25, 24, 61, µm, respectively, and +4a +, +4b +, +4c +about 27, 25 and 25 µm, respectively. Six pairs of genital setae ranging in length from 15–25 µm, with longest +g4 +and +g5 +, setose. Aggenital seta about 22 µm long, setose, asymmetry observed in a single specimen (two pairs of aggenital setae on right side). Two pairs of anal setae about 22 µm long, asymmetry observed in single specimen with three pairs of anal setae on left side. Three pairs of adanal setae; +ad3 +about 26 µm, thin, barbed, different from +ad1 +and +ad2 +which are thicker, barbed, about 51 and 41 µm long, respectively ( +Fig. 2 +, Fig. 3). Lyrifissure +iad +8 µm long, anterior to +ad3 +. +Gnathosoma: +Subcapitular mentum without tectum; one pair of setae +h +about 36 µm long; gnathosomal setae +m +38 µm long, and setae +a +about 27 µm long. + + +FIGURES 3–7. + +Ceratoppia indentata + + +n. sp. + +, scanning electron microscope images of adult. +3 +, habitus, ventral aspect; +4 +, habitus, dorsal aspect (setae +h1 +of left side broken); +5 +, rostrum, anterio–dorsal aspect, showing indented rostrum (a) with teeth, minute stub of seta +d +on genu leg I (b), rostral setae ( +ro +), lamellar setae ( +le +), and lateral carina (ca); +6 +, habitus, lateral aspect; +7 +, prodorsum in dorsal aspect, interlamellar setae ( +in +), lamellar setae ( +le +), and rostral setae ( +ro +). Scale bars = 300 µm (Figs. 3–4, 6) and 100 µm (Fig. 5, 7). + + +Legs: +Ratio of leg IV to body length about 0.7:1. Approximate lengths of leg segments (femur, genu, tibia, tarsus; in µm): I 156, 38, 83, 165; II 128, 28, 83, 138; +III 72 +, 36, 100, 133; +IV 87 +, 63, 124, 176. Pretarsus tridactylous with large smooth empodial and slightly thinner lateral claws. Setation (I–IV, number of solenidia in parentheses): trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 5–4–3–2; genua 4(1)–3(1)–2(1)–3; tibiae 4(2)–4(1)–3(1)–3(1); tarsi 20(2)–15(2)–15– 12; setation indicated in +Table 2 +. Seta +d +retained as a small stub on genua leg I (Fig. 5), but absent from tibiae of adult; no evidence of retention associated with socket of solenidion 1, as illustrated for + +Ceratoppia bipilis +( +Grandjean 1935 +) + +. Leg I genua setae +l” +thick, barbed and spinose compared to other leg I setae (Fig. 5). Leg I tarsal solendia ω1 and ω2 thin, flagellate. All tarsal setae barbed except +p +which is simple, straight, short on leg I, increasing in length and becoming curved, almost flagellate on subsequent legs. + + + +TABLE 2. +Leg setation. + + +Trochanter Femur Genu Tibia Tarsus + +Leg 1 +v' d bv" +( +l +) +v' d +* ( +l +) +v' +σ ( +l +) ( +v +) +d +‡ ϕ1 2 ( +ft +)( +pl +)( +tc +)( +p +)( +u +) +s +( +a +)( +pv +) +e +ω1 ω2 ( +it +)( +v +) Leg 2 +v' d bv" +( +l +) +l' +( +v +) σ ( +l +) ( +v +) ϕ ( +ft +)( +tc +)( +p +)( +u +) +s +( +a +)( +pv +) ω1 ω2 ( +it +) Leg 3 +v' l' d ev' l' l' v' +σ +l' +( +v +) ϕ ( +ft +)( +tc +)( +p +)( +u +) +s +( +a +)( +pv +)( +it +) Leg 4 +v' d ev' l' v' l' +( +v +) ϕ +ft" +( +tc +)( +p +)( +u +) +s +( +a +)( +pv +) + + +* +d +setae present in + +Ceratoppia indentata + +and + +C. valerieae + +, retained as small stub. + + +‡ +d +setae present in some specimens of + +C. indentata + +and + +C. valerieae + +, associated with solenidia φ1. + + + + +Remarks. + +Ceratoppia indentata + + +n. sp. + +is similar to + +C. incisa +Kaneko & Aoki, 1982 + +with interlamellar setae distinctly shorter than the lamellae, only reaching the base of the lamellar cusps, and a distinct invaginated rostrum. + +Ceratoppia indentata + + +n. sp. + +differs from + +C. incisa + +by having longer, barbed posterior setae ( +h1 +, +p3 +), barbed epimeral setae, longer lamellar and rostral setae, shorter lamellae not reaching the insertion of the rostral setae, and in the shape of the rostral incision. + +Ceratoppia incisa + +rostral indentation is described as having two incisions, + + +the bottoms of which are broadly rounded ( +Kaneko & Aoki 1982 +), whereas + +C. indentata + +clearly has a single invagination of the rostral margin, with a thin, somewhat flexible, medial denticle, and many lateral denticles. + +Ceratoppia indentata + +has an unusual pattern of notogastral expression in that +h1 +rather + + +than +p1 +are expressed in conjunction with +p3 +. The dominant form of notogastral expression among the + +Ceratoppia + +is two pairs of posterior seta ( +p1 +and +p3 +) expressed with +h1 +, alveolus, but three pairs of posterior notogastral seta expressed ( +h1 +, +p2 +, +p3 +) is observed in + +C. sexpilosa +( +Seniczak & Seniczak 2010 +) + +. In both + +C. bipilis + +and + +C. quadridentata arctica + +, the +h1 +alveolus is directly anterior and dorsal to +p1 +, while in + +C. indentata + +the +p1 +alveoli are well removed posteriorly and mediad to +h1 +. Therefore it is unlikely that +p1 +and +h1 +setae are simply shifted in position. It is more likely that the posterior notogastral seta expression of + +C. indentata + +is derived from the subdominant form of expression with +p2 +secondarily lost. + + + + +Distribution. + +Ceratoppia indentata + + +n. sp. + +is the dominant + +Ceratoppia + +on the forest floor throughout most of the Pacific Northwest coastal temperate rainforest biogeoclimatic zone. Widely distributed and abundant on Vancouver Island, British +Columbia +, +Canada +, the distribution extends southward through to northern California, remaining relatively coastal. The H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest in Oregon appears to be the most inland site where + +C. indentata + +has been observed, where it was recorded (as + +Ceratoppia + +sp.) as frequent, but never abundant ( +Moldenke & Fitcher 1988 – see their Figs. 205–207 +). Northern records appear less common, but + +C. indentata + +is recorded from the north coast of British +Columbia +(Lax Kw’alaams, Port Simpson). Species in the southern range appear with morphological variation; specimens observed from California are larger and darker than northern specimens, interlamellar setae are relatively slightly longer, and posterior setae +p1 +are relatively slightly shorter. Loeb State Park, in southern Oregon has both variants co–occurring. The habitat of + +Ceratoppia indentata + + +n. sp. + +appears to be mixed or single litter from both conifer and deciduous trees, moss, and lichens; often collected near beaches, small creeks, river mouths or ravines suggests a moist habitat preference. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC19DF50FF08FD6AFD896B11.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC19DF50FF08FD6AFD896B11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a47f041570 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC19DF50FF08FD6AFD896B11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,588 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + + +Ceratoppia valerieae + +n. sp. + + + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +: Adult female. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Upper Walbran Valley ( +48°39’N +, +124°35’W +), +25 July 2005 +(Z. Lindo) from suspended soil and bark scraping at +30 m +in western redcedar ( + +Thuja plicata +D. Don + +); deposited in the +CNC +, +type +No. 23978. +Paratypes +: 15 with same data as +holotype +. +Canada +, British +Columbia +: Vancouver Island, Cowichan Lake Field Station ( +48°50’N +, +124°10’W +), +16 June 1979 +(I.M. Smith), four from leaf litter beside creek; Spruce Bay Beach, E.C. Manning Provincial Park ( +49°3’N +, +120°50’W +), +13 July 1986 +(V. Behan-Pelletier), six from decaying moss on trunk under western redcedar. +USA +, Washington, Spruce Trail, Olympic National Park ( +47°51’N +, +123°56’W +), +25 September 2000 +(V. Behan-Pelletier), three from twigs of western hemlock. +Paratypes +deposited in the +CNC +, +RNC +, and ZLC. + + +Other material examined. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island: Upper Carmanah Valley ( +48°44’N +, +124°37’W +); Barkley Sound ( +48°58’N +, +124°6’W +); Caycuse ( +48°53’N +, +124°21’W +); Mesachie Lake ( +48°48’N +, +124°7’W +); Honeymoon Bay ( +48°48’N +, +124°10’W +); Municipality of the Highlands ( +48°32’N +, +123°30’W +); British +Columbia +: Graham Island, Haida Gwaii ( +53°28’N +, +132°25’W +); Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park ( +53°3’N +, +126°21’W +); Garibaldi Provincial Park ( +49°53’N +, +122°47’W +); Manning Park, E.C. Manning Provincial Park ( +49°10’N +, +119°33’W +); Oliver ( +49°3’N +, +120°46’W +); Madeline Lake, Penticton ( +49°30’N +, +119°38’W +); Lumby ( +50°15’N +, +118°58’W +); Sugar Lake ( +50°24’N +, +118°29’W +); Silverton ( +49°55’N +, +117°22’W +). Alberta, Waterton Lakes National Park ( +49°8’N +, +113°58’W +). +USA +, Washington, Nason Creek, Wenatchee National Forest ( +47°47’N +, +120°42’W +); Wind River Canopy Crane, Gifford Pinchot National Forest ( +45°48’N +, +121°55’W +); Grand Ronde River at Hwy 129 ( +46°2’N +, +117°15’W +). Oregon, Proxy Falls, Willamette National Forest ( +44°9’N +, +121°55’W +). California, Mendocino National Forest ( +39°34’N +, +122°49’W +); Stirling City ( +39°53’N +, +121°31’W +); Purisima Creek Redwoods Regional Open Space near Halfmoon Bay ( +37°24’N +, +122°21’W +). + + + + +Etymology. +This species is named in honour of the eminent oribatologist Dr. Valerie Behan–Pelletier, mentor and friend, who has contributed extensively to our knowledge of oribatid mites. + + + + +Diagnosis. Adult. +Total length 540–670 µm, with character states of +Peloppiidae +( + +Grandjean 1954; as +Ceratoppiidae + +), and character states of + +Ceratoppia + +as described above. This species can be differentiated from other + +Ceratoppia + +by the presence of two pairs of hypostomal setae on mentum; two pairs of very short posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +), lamellae not reaching insertion of rostral setae; wide medial rostral tooth. + + + + +Description. Adult. +( +Figs. 24 +–31) + + +Measurements: +Mean total length: females ( +n += 6) 647 µm (range 590–670); males ( +n += 4) 585 µm (range 540–650) ( +Figs. 24–25 +, Fig. 28). Mean notogastral width: females ( +n += 6) 388 µm (range 370–410); males ( +n += 4) 348 µm (range 300–390). + + +Integument: +Microtuberculate. Integument laterad of bothridial setae between acetabula III and IV tuberculate. Cerotegument microtuberculate, primarily present at dorsosejugal scissure and laterally on prodorsum. +Prodorsum: +Rostrum coming to a point with about five lateral teeth. Lateral ridge extending from base of acetabula I to rostrum (Fig. 26). Seta +ro +43–58 µm long, barbed, tapering, extending well beyond rostrum (Figs. 26–27). Lamellae about 200 µm long to end of cusps, not reaching insertion of +ro +. Lamellar cusps about 73 µm long with small lateral denticle. Seta +le +about 93 µm long, barbed, tapering, extending anteriorly beyond rostrum (Figs. 26– 27). Seta +in +barbed, 206 µm long, extending anteriorly to reach, or just beyond end of lamellae (Fig. 28). Mutual distance of setal pairs +ro–ro +, +le–le +, and +in–in +, about 51, 64, and 77 µm, respectively. Seta +ex +not observed; alveoli lateral of bothridia. Bothridial seta 126 µm long, barbed, with barbs increasing in length terminally (Fig. 26). +Lateral aspect of prodorsum: +Pedotectum I well developed, dentate anteriorly, with dorsal cusp about 15 µm. +Notogaster: +Slightly longer than wide, (ratio l:w = 1.07:1); hysterosoma often fattened with one to eight eggs (about 255 µm long). Notogastral setae reduced to alveoli, except for two pairs of posterior setae (Fig. 31). Posterior notogastral setae +p1 +, about 22 µm long (range 18–30, +n += 13), thin, barbed; setae +p3 +about 15 µm long (range 13–23, +n += 13) thin, barbed (Fig. 31). Lyrifissures +im +, +ip +, +ih +, and +ips +present, all about 8 µm long. +Ventral region: +Coxisternal setae barbed, acuminate, relatively long; formula (epimeres I to IV) 3–1–3–3. Setae lengths as follows: +1a +, +1b +, +1c +about 34, 62, 67 µm, respectively (Fig. 27); +2a +, +3a +, +3b +, +3c +about 33, 27, 76, 25 µm, respectively, and +4a +, +4b +, +4c +about 38, 31 and 29 µm, respectively ( +Fig. 25 +). Six pairs of genital setae ranging in length from 20–38 µm, with longest +g5 +and +g6 +, setose. Aggenital seta about 20 µm long, setose. Two pairs of anal setae about 16 µm long, setose. Asymmetry observed in single specimen with extra anal setae on left side. Three pairs of adanal setae; +ad3 +about 24 µm, thin, barbed; +ad1 +and +ad2 +thicker, barbed, about 28 and 29 µm long, respectively ( +Fig. 25 +). Lyrifissure +iad +10 µm long, anterior to +ad3 +. +Gnathosoma: +Subcapitular mentum without tectum; two pairs of hypostomal setae, +h1 +(medial) about 46, +h2 +(lateral) about 48 µm long ( +Fig. 25 +, Fig. 27). Asymmetry observed in three specimens, two which had reduced number of +h +setae on left side, and one which possessed an extra +h +setae (3) on right side. Gnathosomal setae +m +44 µm long, and +a +about 29 µm long. + + + +FIGURES 24–25. + +Ceratoppia valerieae + + +n. sp. + +, adult female. +24 +, dorsal aspect; +25 +, ventral aspect. Legs removed. Scale bars = 300 µm. + + + +FIGURES 26–31. + +Ceratoppia valerieae + + +n. sp. + +, scanning electron microscope images of adult. +26 +, habitus, frontal aspect, bothridial setae ( +bo +), interlamellar setae ( +in +), lamellar seta ( +le +); rostral setae ( +ro +), lateral carina (car); +27 +, gnathostome, ventral aspect, lamellar setae ( +le +), rostral setae ( +ro +), two pairs of hypostomal setae ( +h1 +, +h2 +), epimeral setae +1a +, +1b +, and +1c +, genua leg I seta +d +stub ( +d +); +28 +, habitus, dorsal aspect, posterior setae ( +p1 +), interlamellar setae ( +in +); +29 +, habitus, ventral aspect, posterior setae ( +p3 +); +30 +, distal portion of tarsus leg IV, setae +p’ +and +p” +; +31 +, posterior notogaster, dorsal aspect, posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +). Scale bars = 300 µm (Figs. 28, 29), 200 μm (Fig. 26), 100 μm (Figs. 27, 31), and 30 μm (Fig. 30). + + +Legs: +Ratio of leg IV to body length about 0.7:1. Approximate lengths of leg segments (femur, genu, tibia, tarsus; in µm): I 139, 37, 86, 142; II 109, 27, 80, 133; +III 75 +, 37, 107, 135; +IV 73 +, 35, 94, 117. Pretarsus tridactylous with large smooth empodial and slightly thinner lateral claws. Setation (I–IV, number of solenidia in parentheses): trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 5–4–3–2; genua 4(1)–3(1)–2(1)–3; tibiae 4(2)–4(1)–3(1)–3(1); tarsi 20(2)–15(2)–15– 12; setation indicated in +Table 2 +. Seta +d +retained as a small stub on genua leg I (Fig. 27). Leg I tibia solenidion ϕ1 on prominent tubercle, retention of seta +d +associated with socket of solenidion ϕ +1 in +some specimens, as illustrated for + +Ceratoppia bipilis +( +Grandjean 1935 +) + +. Setae +p’ +and +p” +of leg I tarsus, straight, not barbed; setae +p’ +and +p” +of tarsus legs II–IV ending in bulbous tip (Fig. 30). Tibiae solenidion ϕ2 of leg I only ¼ length of ϕ1; leg I tarsal solenidia ω1 and ω2 subequal, straight. Leg I tarsal seta +s +horn-like. Porose areas dorsolateral and antiaxial on femora of all legs, and trochanters III, IV. Femora with crenulations. + + + + +Remarks. +The dominant gnathosomal setae character state is a single pair of hypostomal setae ( +h +) on the mentum as reported for most described species. However, + +C. clavisensillata +Choi, 1998 + +, + +C. bipilis + +, and the subspecies + +C. bipilis spinipes + +possess two pairs of hypostomal setae. + +Ceratoppia valerieae + + +n. sp. + +also possess two pairs of hypostomal setae, but differs from + +C. bipilis + +and + +C. bipilis spinipes + +in having very short posterior notogastral setae, and from + +C. clavisensillata + +in having setiform bothridial setae with barbs, rather than clavate bothridial setae ( +Choi 1998 +). There are two possibly undescribed species of + +Ceratoppia + +from eastern +Canada +which also possess two pairs of +h +setae, and further investigation into these, and differences between + +C. bipilis + +and + +C. bipilis spinipes + +are warranted. Hypertrichy / neotrichy in the form of two pairs of hypostomal setae is rare among +Oribatida +, and when present in + +Ceratoppia + +, arises in the tritonymph ( +Grandjean 1936 +). +Grandjean (1936) +also noted that asymmetry in hypostomal setae was common among species possessing two pairs of as seen here. + + + + +Distribution. + +Ceratoppia valerieae + + +n. sp. + +occurs frequently throughout southern Vancouver Island, British +Columbia +, +Canada +. In forest floor samples, it occurs in low abundance, however it was the dominant microarthropod collected in canopy malaise traps in the Upper Carmanah Valley. Distribution range of + +C. valerieae + +follows a north–south coastal temperate rainforest distribution, however, also occurs in interior zones of British +Columbia +and Washington. + +Ceratoppia valerieae + +is the dominant + +Ceratoppia + +of interior British +Columbia +occurring as far east as Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta where it frequently co–occurs with + +C. bipilis + +. Interior populations of + +C. valerieae + +are a bit larger, with slightly longer prodorsal and posterior notogastral setae, however, relative proportions of setae to body size are the same. Specimens collected from northern populations (Haida Gwaii and Tweedsmuir Provincial Park near Bella Coola, British +Columbia +) are larger and darker than specimens collected from other locations in British +Columbia +. Similarly, the specimens observed from the most southerly part of the distribution (Proxy Falls, Oregon, and Stirling City and Half Moon Bay, California) exhibited morphological variation in the form of a larger body size. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC1EDF4DFF08FF44FEEC6C60.xml b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC1EDF4DFF08FF44FEEC6C60.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f0d66716fe7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/87/166F87A3FC1EDF4DFF08FF44FEEC6C60.xml @@ -0,0 +1,503 @@ + + + +Five new species of Ceratoppia (Acari: Oribatida: Peloppiidae) from western North America + + + +Author + +Lindo, Zoe + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +3036 + + +1 +25 + + + +journal article +46314 +10.5281/zenodo.204548 +9c766b46-1c9c-4f57-884e-b250f2eafee8 +1175-5326 +204548 + + + + + + + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + +n. sp. + + + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +: Adult female. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Sydney Inlet, Clayoquot Sound ( +49°30’N +, +126°17’W +), +12 August 2007 +(K. +Jordan +& Z. Lindo) from moss in canopy of Sitka spruce ( + +Picea sitchensis +(Bong.) Carr. + +); deposited in the +CNC +, +type +No. 23977. +Paratypes +: two with same data as +holotype +. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island: Moyeha Watershed, Clayoquot Sound ( +49º24’N +, +125º54’W +), +14 August 2007 +(K. +Jordan +), two from moss in canopy of Sitka spruce; Watta Watershed, Clayoquot Sound ( +49º27’N +, +126º01’W +), +15 August 2007 +(K. +Jordan +), two from moss in canopy of Sitka spruce; Tranquil Watershed, Clayoquot Sound ( +49º12’N +, +125º40’W +), +18 August 2007 +(K. +Jordan +), two from moss in canopy of Sitka spruce. +USA +, Oregon, Curry County: Sunshine Bar, Rogue River National Forest ( +42°42’N +, +124°19’W +), +12 July 1985 +(I.M. Smith), three from moss on rocks; Alfred A. Loeb State Park ( +42°6’N +, +124°11’W +), +12 August 1985 +(E.E. Lindquist), three from moss and lichens around trunks of tan-oak and willow. +Paratypes +deposited in the +CNC +, +PFC +, and ZLC. + + +Other material examined. +Canada +, British +Columbia +, Vancouver Island, Upper Walbran Valley ( +48°39’N +, +124°35’W +). +USA +, Washington, Quinault Rain Forest, Olympic National Forest ( +47°32’N +, +123°40’W +). Oregon, Oneonta Gorge, Mt. Hood National Forest ( +45°35’N +, +122°4’W +); Proxy Falls, Willamette National Forest ( +44°9’N +, +121°55’W +). + + + +FIGURES 16–17. + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + + +n. sp. + +, adult female. +16 +, Dorsal aspect; +17 +, Ventral aspect. Legs removed. Scale bars = 300 µm. + + + +FIGURES 18–23. + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + + +n. sp. + +, scanning electron microscope images of adult. +18 +, habitus, dorsal aspect, interlamellar setae ( +in +), bothridial setae ( +bo +), posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +); +19 +, habitus, ventral aspect, posterior setae ( +p3 +); +20 +, gnathosoma, ventral aspect, gnathosomal setae ( +a +, +m +), hypostomal setae ( +h +), and rostral tooth; +21 +, habitus, lateral aspect, bothridial setae ( +bo +), lamellar setae ( +le +), rostral setae ( +ro +), and posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +); +22 +, prodorsum, lateral aspect, bothridial setae ( +bo +), lamellar setae ( +le +), rostral setae ( +ro +), lateral carina (car), pedotectum I (PdI), and pedotectum II (PdII); +23 +, posterior notogaster, dorsal aspect, posterior notogastral setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +). Scale bars = 300 µm (Figs. 18, 19, 21), 100 µm (Fig. 22), and 50 µm (Figs. 20, 23). + + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet refers to the town of Tofino within the Clayoquot Sound UNESCO Biosphere Reserve on Vancouver Island, +Canada +, the +type +locality of this species. + + + + +Diagnosis. Adult. +Total length 530–580 µm, with character states of +Peloppiidae +( + +Grandjean, 1954; as +Ceratoppiidae + +), and character states of + +Ceratoppia + +as described above. This species can be differentiated from other + +Ceratoppia + +by the presence of two pairs of very short posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +); single pair of hypostomal setae on mentum; interlamellar setae longer than lamellar cusps; lamellae not reaching the insertion of the rostral setae; wide medial rostral tooth. + + + + +Description. Adult. +( +Figs. 16 +–23) + + +Measurements: +Mean total length: females ( +n += 3) 573 µm (range 570–580); males ( +n += 1) 530 µm ( +Figs. 16– 17 +). Mean notogastral width: females ( +n += 3) 333 µm (range 320–380); males ( +n += 1) 310 µm. + + +Integument: +Smooth to microtuberculate; cerotegument primarily present at dorsosejugal scissure and laterally on prodorsum. +Prodorsum: +Rostrum with wide medial tooth (Fig. 20), and about three lateral denticles. Seta +ro +65–75 µm long, acuminate, heavily barbed, extending well beyond rostrum ( +Fig. 16 +, Figs. 21–22). Lamellae about 192 µm long to end of cusps, not reaching insertion of +ro +. Lamellar cusps about 70 µm long with short lateral denticle. Seta +le +about 97 µm long, thick, heavily barbed, tapering to a sharp point (Figs. 21–22). Seta +in +thick, heavily barbed, 216 µm long, extending anteriorly to or just beyond tips of lamellae ( +Fig. 16 +, Fig. 18). Mutual distance of setal pairs +ro–ro +, +le–le +, and +in–in +, about 46, 58, and 66 µm, respectively. Seta +ex +not observed; alveoli lateral of bothridial cups. Bothridial seta 135 µm long, with long barbs, almost brush–like (Fig. 18). +Lateral aspect of prodorsum: +Pedotectum I well developed, dentate anteriorly, with dorsal cusp, about 20 µm, triangular in shape (Fig. 22). Pedotectum II well developed, rounded anteriorly. +Notogaster: +Longer than wide, (ratio l:w = 1.11:1); hysterosoma often fattened with two to four eggs of considerable size (about 264 µm long). Notogastral setae reduced to alveoli, except for two pairs of posterior setae (Fig. 18, Fig. 23). Alveoli with porose areas ( +Fig. 16 +). Minute depressions of notogaster in position of +h1 +. Posterior notogastral setae +p1 +, about 13 µm long (range 10–20, +n += 11), thin, setose or with minute barbs; setae +p3 +about 27 µm long (range 20–30, +n += 11) barbed, thicker than +p1 +(Fig. 23). Single specimen with asymmetical hypertricous +p3 +seta on right side. Lyrifissures +im +, +ip +, +ih +, and +ips +present, all about 10 µm long; +im +anteriomedial to notogastral alveoli +lp +. +Ventral region: +Apodeme IV forming shallow furrow with minitectum on anterior portion, thinning near genital aperture as described by +Grandjean (1970) +. Coxisternal setae barbed, acuminate, relatively long; formula (epimeres I to IV) 3–1–3–3. Setae lengths as follows: +1a +, +1b +, +1c +about 33, 71, 68 µm, respectively, +2a +, +3a +, +3b +, +3c +about 32, 26, 74, 24 µm, respectively, and +4a +, +4b +, +4c +about 30, 29 and 24 µm, respectively. Extra +2a +setae on right side of single specimen ( +Fig. 17 +). Six pairs of genital setae ranging in length from 18–23 µm, with longest +g5 +and +g6 +, setose. Aggenital seta about 21 µm long, setose, asymmetry observed in a single specimen (two pairs of aggenital setae on left side). Two pairs of anal setae about 13 µm long. Three pairs of adanal setae; +ad3 +20 µm, thin, barbed, different from +ad1 +and +ad2 +which are barbed, thicker, about 29 and 27 µm long, respectively, subequal to +p3 +( +Fig. 17 +, Fig. 19). Lyrifissure +iad +8 µm long, anteriolateral to +ad3 +. +Gnathosoma: +Subcapitular mentum without tectum; one pair of setae +h +about 53 µm long; gnathosomal setae +m +44 µm long; +a +about 28 µm long (Fig. 20). + + +Legs: +Ratio of leg IV to body length about 0.7:1. Approximate lengths of leg segments (femur, genu, tibia, tarsus; in µm): I 135, 38, 73, 141; +II 97, 24 +, 66, 118; +III 64 +, 35, 84, 124; +IV 72 +, 57, 112, 162. Pretarsus tridactylous with large smooth empodial and slightly thinner lateral claws. Setation (I–IV, number of solenidia in parentheses): trochanters 1–1–2–1; femora 5–4–3–2; genua 3(1)–3(1)–2(1)–3; tibiae 4(2)–4(1)–3(1)–3(1); tarsi 20(2)–15(2)–15– 12; setation indicated in +Table 2 +. Femur of leg II–IV with well developed ventral keel; femur leg I relatively slender without ventral keel. Seta +d +absent from genua and tibiae of leg I, no evidence of retention associated with socket of solenidion ϕ1, as illustrated for + +Ceratoppia bipilis +( +Grandjean 1935 +) + +. Tibiae solenidion ϕ1 of leg I flagellate, well anterior of ϕ2. Leg I tarsal solenidia ω1 and ω2 flagellate; famulus +e +tiny, spinose. Leg II tarsal solenidia ω1 and ω2 subequal, straight. Leg IV seta +l’ +of tibia and tarsus large, heavily barbed, almost 100 µm long. Single specimen with deformed right leg I tibia and tarsus; tibia slightly reduced in size and missing +v’ +; tarsus greatly reduced in size (approximately half the length), without claws, ending in a blunt curve, setae greatly reduced in size, some phylloform. + + + + +Remarks. + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + + +n. sp. + +is differentiated from other species of + +Ceratoppia + +by a unique set of character states rather than a single diagnostic character: two pairs of short posterior setae ( +p1 +, +p3 +); single pair of hypostomal setae on mentum; interlamellar setae longer than lamellar cusps; lamellae not reaching the insertion of the rostral setae; medial rostral tooth. Patterns of posterior setal expression for + +C. tofinoensis + + +n. sp. + +follow the dominant character state of two pairs of posterior seta ( +p1 +and +p3 +) expressed ( +Seniczak & Seniczak 2010 +), although the reduction of +h1 +alveoli to small depressions suggests a variability in +h1 +, +p1 +setae expression in other species may be more complicated than previously considered. + + + + +Distribution.: + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + + +n. sp. + +appears to have a restricted distribution within the coastal temperate rainforest of the North American Pacific Northwest, possibly due to low sampling in arboreal habitats, or general low abundance compared to + +C. indentata + +and + +C. longicupsis + +. Within +Canada +, + +C. tofinoensis + +appears restricted to west coastal locations on Vancouver Island, occurring with highest densities within Clayoquot Sound UNESCO Biosphere reserve near the town of Tofino, British +Columbia +. Southern records of + +C. tofinoensis + +through Washington and Oregon States are for single specimens, but include more continental locations such as Mt. Hood National Forest, Oregon and the Willamette National Forest, Oregon. + +Ceratoppia tofinoensis + +may be an arboreal specialist, which would reduce the incidence of collection in most sampling, and explain the low occurrence in the rest of + +C. tofinoensis + +range. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/8B/166F8BF6BDDC3063EABD92FD403F2E30.xml b/data/16/6F/8B/166F8BF6BDDC3063EABD92FD403F2E30.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..40f92e72f49 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/8B/166F8BF6BDDC3063EABD92FD403F2E30.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Two new species of Pseudolaguvia (Teleostei: Erethistidae) from Bangladesh. + + + +Author + +Heok Hee Ng + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2005 + +1044 + + +35 +47 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C8FACB78-F724-41E4-B172-D2C16349C126 + +journal article +z01044p035 + + + + +Pseudolaguvia foveolata +: + + + + + + +UMMZ +244867 + +, +holotype +, 30.0 mm SL; +India +: +West Bengal +, +Tista River at Tista barrage +, +26°45'10"N +88°34'11"E + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/94/166F948D6AC87B821C5BE6F589F14973.xml b/data/16/6F/94/166F948D6AC87B821C5BE6F589F14973.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9741e39350 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/94/166F948D6AC87B821C5BE6F589F14973.xml @@ -0,0 +1,553 @@ + + + +A revision of the family Ameroseiidae (Acari, Mesostigmata), with some data on Slovak fauna + + + +Author + +Masan, Peter +Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia +uzaepema@savba.sk + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +2017-09-29 + + +704 + + +1 +228 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.704.13304 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.704.13304 +1313-2970-704-1 +111A101E74054C408F51693957A64D97 +CB39FF8EFFA2FF8CFFBFFFA9FF94FF8B +1149838 + + + + +Ameroseius lidiae Bregetova, 1977 + + + + +Plates 20 +, 21 + + + + +Ameroseius lidiae +Bregetova, 1977: 161. + + +Ameroseius lidiae +. - +Ho et al. 2010 +: 91; +Kazemi and Rajaei 2013 +: 65; +Nemati et al. 2013 +: 19; +Khalili-Moghadam and Saboori 2014 +: 675; +Khalili-Moghadam and Saboori 2016 +: 548. + + +Ameroseius (Ameroseius) lidiae +. - +Hajizadeh et al. 2013a +: 150. + + + +Type depository. +Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia. + + +Type locality and habitat. +Ukraine, estuary of Dnieper River, hollow of willow tree (paratype: Tajikistan). + + +Comparative material. + + +Iran +: +1 ♀ +(CJH) - +Guilan Province +, olive garden, soil sample, leg. and det. +J. Hajizadeh. + + + + + +Published material from +Slovakia +. + + +Borska +Nizina +Lowland: Jakubov Village, +Jakubovske +Rybniky +Fishponds ( +Fenďa 2005 +, + +Fenďa +and +Schniererova +2005 + +). +Podunajska +Rovina Flatland: +Cicov +Village, +Cicovske +Mŕtve +Rameno Arm ( +Fenďa et al. 1998 +, + +Fenďa +and +Schniererova +2010 + +). +Dolny +Stal +Village, +Boheľovsky +Rybnik +Fishpond ( + +Masan +and +Kristofik +1995 + +). +Svaety +Jur Town, +Sur +Forest ( +Fenďa 2005 +, + +Svana +et al. 2006 + +, + +Fenďa +and +Schniererova +2010 + +, + +Fenďa +et al. 2011 + +). +Veľke +Blahovo Village ( + +Kristofik +et al. 1993 + +, + +Kristofik +et al. 2001 + +). + + + + +New material from +Slovakia +. + + +Borska +Nizina +Lowland: + +2 ♀♀ +- +23. 7. 1991 +, +Jakubov Village +, nest of + +Serinus serinus + +( +Aves +), altitude + +145 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +1 ♀ +- +4. 6. 1992 +, + +Male +Levare +Village + +, littoral reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Cygnus olor + +( +Aves +), altitude + +150 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +2 ♀♀ +- +27. 6. 2002 +, + +Moravsky +Svaety +Jan +Village + +, wet reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), leaf litter, altitude + +150 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. +Male +Karpaty Mts. + + +: + +1 ♂ +- +24. 6. 1991 +, +Bratislava Capital +, + +Zelezna +Studienka Forest + +, broad-leaved deciduous forest, nest of + +Turdus philomelos + +( +Aves +), altitude + +250 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova +. +Podunajska +Rovina Flatland + + +: + +10 ♀♀ +- +28. 6. 1989 +, +Veľke +Blahovo Village +, fish-ponds, shore reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Circus aeruginosus + +( +Aves +), altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +16 ♀♀ +- +28. 6. 1989 +, +Veľke +Blahovo Village +, fish-ponds, shore reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Fulica atra + +( +Aves +), altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +14 ♀♀ +- +24. 7. 1990 +, +Veľke +Blahovo Village +, fish-ponds, shore reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Circus aeruginosus + +( +Aves +), altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +10 ♀♀ +- +25. 6. 1991 +, +Veľke +Blahovo Village +, fish-ponds, shore reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Aythya ferina + +( +Aves +), altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +8 ♀♀ +- +25. 6. 1991 +, +Veľke +Blahovo Village +, fish-ponds, shore reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Fulica atra + +( +Aves +), altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +4 ♀♀ +- +16. 7. 1993 +, +Veľke +Blahovo Village +, fish-ponds, shore reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), nest of + +Circus aeruginosus + +( +Aves +), altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +J. +Kristofik + +and + +A. +Darolova + + +; + +3 ♀♀ +- +15. 8. 2000 +, +Veľke +Kosihy Village +, littoral reed stand ( + +Phragmition + +), leaf litter and soil detritus, altitude + +120 m + +, leg. + +P. +Masan +. + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/6F/C4/166FC4231A92E95AF2DF339EC543CF06.xml b/data/16/6F/C4/166FC4231A92E95AF2DF339EC543CF06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ff7c1a76ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/6F/C4/166FC4231A92E95AF2DF339EC543CF06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus. + + + +Author + +Wilson, E. O. + +text + +2003 +Harvard University Press + +Cambridge, MA + + + +http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=20017 + +book +20017 + + + + +Pheidole tristicula +new species + +Types Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard. + + + +Etymology L +tristicula +, dim. of +tristis +, sad. + + + + +Diagnosis A small, bicolorous, mostly yellow species belonging to a group of ambiguous species composing the " +carapuna +complex" ( +boltoni +, +carapuna +, +cornicula +, +cuprina +, +eriophora +, +jivaro +, +manuana +, and +tristicula +). All are relatively small in size, with the major possessing a reduced mesonotal convexity and cephalic sculpturing that consists entirely of longitudinal carinulae that extend to or almost to the occipital border seen in full-face view. All also have a minor with a broad, concave occiput, which lacks a collar. Among these species, +P. tristicula +is distinguished in the major by combination of its elevated humerus in dorsal-oblique view, laterally angular postpetiolar node, transversely carinulate pronotal dorsum, partially shagreened first gastral tergite, and in color. It is closest to +carapuna +. + + + +Measurements (mm) Holotype major: HW 1.08, HL 1.24, SL 0.64, EL 0.18, PW 0.60. Paratype minor: HW 0.56, HL 0.60, SL 0.54, EL 0.12, PW 0.38. +Color Major and minor: head and mesosoma light reddish yellow ("orange"), rest of body and appendages clear medium yellow. + + +range A very widespread but overall not abundant species. I have identified series from Veracruz, Mexico; Honduras; Colombia; French Guiana; Trinidad; and scattered localities in Amazonian Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. + + +biology At Cuzco Amazonico, near Puerto Maldonado, Peru, Stefan Cover and John E. Tobin found a colony in mature rainforest, nesting in humus on top of a rotten log. Similarly, Mark Moffett collected a colony from a rotten log at Saul, French Guiana. + + +Figure Upper: holotype, major. Lower: paratype, minor. PERU: Cuzco Amazonico, 15 km northeast of Puerto Maldonado, Tambopata (Stefan Cover and John E. Tobin). Scale bars = 1 mm. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/71/D3/1671D37BDA0359C991D313402C39439A.xml b/data/16/71/D3/1671D37BDA0359C991D313402C39439A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7408964e56e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/71/D3/1671D37BDA0359C991D313402C39439A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +The order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): supraspecific classification and nomenclature + + + +Author + +Low, Martyn E. Y. +Lee Kong Chian Museum of Natural History, National University of Singapore, 2 Conservatory Drive, Singapore 117377, Republic of Singapore & former address: Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan + + + +Author + +Sinniger, Frederic +Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 3422 Sesoko, Motobu, Okinawa 905 - 0227, Japan + + + +Author + +Reimer, James Davis +Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology (MISE) Laboratory, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan; and Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan +jreimer@sci.u-ryukyu.ac.jp + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-12-14 + + +641 + + +1 +80 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346 +1313-2970-641-1 +903D6413C8024864A662D71C50740E2D +BB707A65FFDFFFFBFFFE8B61FFD5FF91 +579464 + + + + + +Zibrowius Sinniger, +Ocana +& Baco, 2013 + + + + + +Zibrowius +Sinniger, +Ocana +& Baco, 2013: [7]. + + + +Type species. + + +Zibrowius ammophilus + +Sinniger, +Ocana +& Baco, 2013, by original designation. + + + +Gender. +Masculine. + + +Diagnosis. + +"Sand incrusted, arborescent fan shaped colonies, golden skeleton, well developed coenenchyme completely covering the host, can be confused with + +Kulamanamana + +, but easily distinguished by the presence of sand incrustation in the ectoderm, characteristic insertion/deletion pattern in the 16S V5 region" sensu +Sinniger et al. [2005] +( +Sinniger et al. 2013 +: 7) + + + +Remarks. +Until now, only reported from the Cross Seamount in the central Pacific Ocean. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/71/E2/1671E2E5ED0333D0CB2B11E597064829.xml b/data/16/71/E2/1671E2E5ED0333D0CB2B11E597064829.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c4104d8be6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/71/E2/1671E2E5ED0333D0CB2B11E597064829.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +The medicinal plants of Myanmar + + + +Author + +DeFilipps, Robert A. +Deceased + + + +Author + +Krupnick, Gary A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826 +Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA +krupnick@si.edu + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2018 + +2018-06-28 + + +102 + + +1 +341 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 +1314-2003-102-1 +AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67 +1306325 + + + + +Strobilanthes auriculatus Nees + + + +Names. + +Myanmar +: +hmaw-yan +, +paung-thaung +, +saingnan +. +English +: Mexican petunia. + + + +Range. +Tropical Asia. Widely distributed in Myanmar. + + +Uses. + +Whole plant +: Used as an antidote for snake poison. +Leaf +: Used to treat intermittent fever. + + + +Note. + +In India "Pounded leaves are rubbed onto the body during the cold period of an intermittent fever." ( +Jain and DeFilipps 1991 +). + + + +Reference. + +Nordal (1963) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/71/F6/1671F61352D22A71CF62344555A3512D.xml b/data/16/71/F6/1671F61352D22A71CF62344555A3512D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..760f5a448ed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/71/F6/1671F61352D22A71CF62344555A3512D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Pteropodidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +313 +350 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Dobsonia peronii +subsp. +grandis +Bergmans 1978 + + + + + +Discussion: + +peronii + +species group. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/72/8F/16728F90C77ECAA08DEC9C660A44120C.xml b/data/16/72/8F/16728F90C77ECAA08DEC9C660A44120C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2523dccac3e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/72/8F/16728F90C77ECAA08DEC9C660A44120C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Plectiscidea (Plectiscidea) bistriata (Thomson, 1888) + + + + +Plectiscus bistriatus +Thomson, 1888 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/0E/16730E226AE6E8684523D0986B5F2584.xml b/data/16/73/0E/16730E226AE6E8684523D0986B5F2584.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f35d05aa3f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/0E/16730E226AE6E8684523D0986B5F2584.xml @@ -0,0 +1,349 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Leptailurus +Severtzov 1858 + + + + + + + +Leptailurus +Severtzov 1858 + +, +Rev. Mag. Zool. Paris, ser. 2, 10: 389 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Felis serval +Schreber 1776 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Galeopardus +Heuglin and Fitzinger 1866 + +; + +Serval +Brehm 1864 + +; + +Servalina +Greve 1894 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +1 species with 18 subspecies: + + +Species + +Leptailurus serval +(Schreber 1776) + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +serval +Schreber 1776 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +beirae +Wroughton 1910 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +brachyurus +Wagner 1841 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +constantinus +Forster 1780 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +faradjius +J. A. +Allen 1924 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +ferrarii +de Beaux 1924 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +hamiltoni +Roberts 1931 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +hindei +Wroughton 1910 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +kempi +Wroughton 1910 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +kivuensis +Lönnberg 1919 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +lipostictus +Pocock 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +lonnbergi +Cabrera 1910 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +mababiensis +Roberts 1932 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +pantastictus +Pocock 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +phillipsi +G. M. Allen 1914 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +pococki +Cabrera 1910 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +robertsi +Ellerman, Morrison-Scott and Hayman 1953 + + + +Subspecies + +Leptailurus serval +subsp. +togoensis +Matschie 1893 + + + + + +Discussion: +Placed as a subgenus of + +Felis + +by +McKenna and Bell (1997) +. There appears to be little agreement on the relationship of + +Leptailurus + +to other cats. + +Pocock (1917 +a +) + +placed it with + +Leopardus + +; whereas +Weigel (1961) +, +Hemmer (1978) +, and +Bininda-Emonds et al. (1999) +placed with + +Felis + +, + +Lynx + +, and + +Caracal + +. +Salles (1992) +grouped it with + +Prionailurus bengalensis + +, and +Johnson and O'Brien (1997) +and +Mattern and McLennan (2000) +with + +Caracal + +and + +Profelis + +. +Severtzov (1858) +, + +Groves (1982 +a +) + +, and +McKenna and Bell (1997) +considered + +Leptailurus + +a subgenus of + +Felis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB0F510FF7AFBEBFD4540C9.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB0F510FF7AFBEBFD4540C9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c6dfaabeca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB0F510FF7AFBEBFD4540C9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + +moulouyae +oumerrbiae + + +Nadig, 1995: 143-144 + +[ +Steropleurus +]. + + + + + +Maroc +, zwischen +Moulouya +und +Oued Serrou. ♂ +Holotype +, 6 ♂ +paratypes +and +1 ♀ +paratype +. + + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “ +MAROC +70 MA 70: 130, +Moyen +Oum-Er-Rbia: Azrou-n-Âit-Lancem, + +1720-1830 m + +, 29.7.-2.8.70, leg. +Nadig +” [printed on white card with “130” and “Azrou-n-Âit-Lancem + +1720-1830 m + +” handwritten by +Nadig +]; “MIKROPH/ 1978: III: 19-23? +No +1” [typed in red ink on squared white card with “? +No +1” handwritten]; “moulouyae oumerrbiae ssp. n. +NADIG, 1995 +♂ det. +Nadig +” [typed on white card with “♂” added by hand and “det. +Nadig +” printed]; “HOLO- Typus” [printed on red card with “HOLO-” typed]. +There +are dissected parts glued to a card mount secured on the original pin. +The +six ♂ +paratypes +and +one ♀ +paratype +, labelled as +allotype +, are also present. +Images +on +OSF +. Box Nadig 257. + + + + + + +Uromenus moulouyae oumerrbiae +( +Nadig, 1995 +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB0F510FF7AFD6BFD4D4689.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB0F510FF7AFD6BFD4D4689.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d1fb0863fc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB0F510FF7AFD6BFD4D4689.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + + +moulouyae +Nadig, 1995: 138-142 + + +[ +Steropleurus +]. + + + + + +Maroc +, +Haute Moulouya. ♂ +Holotype +, 54 ♂ +paratypes +and +51 ♀ +paratypes +. + + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “ +Maroc +68 MA 68: 57, +Ob. Moulouya +(S Zeida), + +1450 m + +, 12.7.68, leg. +Nadig +” [handwritten by Nadig on white card with “ +Maroc +68 MA 68:” and “68 leg. +Nadig +” printed]; “MA 68: 57 No. 6” [typed on a strip of white card]; “moulou, moulouyae +sp. n. +NADIG, 1995 +♂ det. +Nadig +” [typed on white card with “♂” added by hand and “det. +Nadig +” printed]; “HOLO-Typus” [printed on red card with “HOLO-” typed]. The right antenna, most of the left antenna and the tarsi of the left hind leg are missing. There are 53 ♂ +paratypes +and +50 ♀ +paratypes +, one labelled as +allotype +, also present in the collection. Images on +OSF +. Boxes Nadig 256 and 257. + + + + + + +Uromenus moulouyae moulouyae +( +Nadig, 1995 +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFBBAFDF6430D.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFBBAFDF6430D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e8749b7b35 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFBBAFDF6430D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + + +bouiblani +Nadig, 1995: 150-155 + + +[ +Steropleurus +]. + + + + + +Maroc +, +Dj. Bou Iblane. ♂ +Holotype +, 21 ♂ +paratypes +, +11 ♀ +paratypes +and +2 immature +paratypes +. + + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “ +MAROC +70 MA 70: 85, Moyen Atlas Nord-Est, +J. Bou Iblane +, + +2000-2500m + +, S-Hang, 17./18.7.70, leg. +Nadig +” [printed on white card with “85” and “ + +2000-2500m + +S-Hang” handwritten by Nadig]; “MA 70: 85 No. 1” [typed on a strip of white paper]; “ + +S. bouiblani +NADIG, 1995 + +♂ det. +Nadig +” [typed on white card with “♂” added by hand and “det. +Nadig +” printed]; “HOLO-Typus” [printed on red card with “HOLO-” handwritten]. The right hind leg lacks two tarsal segments. There are dissected parts glued to a card mount secured on the original pin. The 21 ♂ +paratypes +and +two immature +paratypes +are also present. There are +14 ♀ +specimens labelled as +paratypes +(one as +allotype +), all with the same data as the holotype; it is not clear whether these were all used by Nadig for the description, in which case the number of +paratypes +cited in the original description is erroneous, or whether three of the specimens were identified later and are thus not really +paratypes +. Images on +OSF +. Box Nadig 259. + + + + + + +Uromenus bouiblani +( +Nadig, 1995 +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFDA1FDDA412A.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFDA1FDDA412A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..583d3d9ea15 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFDA1FDDA412A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + + +biguttulus marocanus +Nadig, 1976b: 652-661 + + +[ +Chorthippus +]. + + + + + +Maroc +, +J. el Arz. +♂ +Holotype + +and + +1 ♀ +paratype +. + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “ +MAROC +70 MA 70: 73 Rif: J. el Arz (S.J. Tidirhine), +1700-1800 m +, SE-Hang, 12.7.70, leg. Nadig” [printed on white card with “73” and “ +1700-1800 m +SE-Hang” handwritten by Nadig]; “Photo, Mikro, Mio 71: II, 10-15 15-25” [handwritten on white card with “15-25” in red]; “ +Chor. biguttulus +(L.) maroc. Nad. ♂ det. Nadig” [printed on white card with “maroc. Nad. ♂” handwritten]; “HOLO-Typus Typus” [printed on red card with “Holo-” typed]. Specimen set with right wings spread and left wings folded. The tibia and tarsi of the right front leg and the last tarsal segment of both middle legs are lost. The right hind leg is glued to a card mount secured on the original pin. There is a +♀ +specimen labelled as +allotype +present. A label in the insect box states that all of the specimens with the same locality data (MA 70: 73), and with sample number MA 70: 74 are +paratypes +, but this is not mentioned in the original description and the individual specimens are not labelled as such. Box Nadig 818. + + + + + +Chorthippus marocanus +Nadig, 1976 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFF2CFC8F4723.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFF2CFC8F4723.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d6e22b1b10 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB4F514FF7AFF2CFC8F4723.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + + +baracunensis +Nadig, 1987: 317 + + +[ +Anonconotus +]. + + + + + +Italien +, +Piemonte +, +Cle. Baracun. ♂ +Holotype +, + + +7 ♂ +paratypes +and +4 ♀ +paratypes +. + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “I: +PIEMONTE +: 85:54 +V. Carboneri +unt. Cle. Baracun, + +2020 m + +, 30.8.85, leg. NADIG” [printed on white card]; “85: 54 No. 1 (♂) Zeichn. Titill. aufgeklebt oben” [typed on yellow paper with “♂” added by hand]; “ +A. baracunensis +n. sp. +NADIG ♂ det. NADIG” [typed on white card with “♂” added by hand and “det. NADIG” printed; “Holo-Typus” [printed on red card with “Holo-” typed]. The right antenna is missing. Dissected genitalia are glued to a card mount with a sketch of the titillator on it secured on the original pin. There are seven ♂ +paratypes +and +four ♀ +paratypes +, one labelled as +allotype +, also present. Images on OSF. Box Nadig 189. + + + + + +Anonconotus baracunensis baracunensis +Nadig, 1987 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB5F515FF65FACBFD034309.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB5F515FF65FACBFD034309.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..64b5c135013 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB5F515FF65FACBFD034309.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + +azami minor + +Nadig, 1961: 286-290 + + +[ +Roeseliana +]. + + + + + +Piano Scairolo ( +TI +). ♂ +Holotype +, + + +122 ♂ +paratypes +and +136 ♀ +paratypes +. + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “Piano Scairolo, 16.VII.60 TI. Mäh-Sumpfwiesen + +280 m + +leg Nadig” [handwritten by Nadig on white card with “Nadig” printed]; “Type” [printed in red on white card with red printed border]; “ +Holotypus +of +R. azami +minor +Nadig 1961 +” [handwritten on red paper]. The claws of the right front leg and the last tarsal segment of the left front and middle legs are lost. The +paratypes +from the type locality are labelled as such but the others are not; there are 95 ♂ and +121 ♀ +from the other localities mentioned in the original description, as well as numerous immature specimens. A pair of +paratypes +from the type locality is in the SMTD (images on OSF). Images on OSF. Boxes Nadig 135 & 136. + + + + + +Roeseliana fedtschenkoi minor +Nadig, 1961 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB6F515FF7AFA6CFD384409.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB6F515FF7AFA6CFD384409.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9451b1000ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB6F515FF7AFA6CFD384409.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + + +alpinus italoaustriacus +Nadig, 1987: 315 + + +[ +Anonconotus +]. + + + + + +S-Tirol, + +Strickberg über +Innichen. + +♂ +Holotype +, + + +4 ♂ +paratypes +and +2 ♀ +paratypes +. + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “I: S-Tirol 82: 144 Pustertal: Strickb. ü. Innichen, + +2050-2150m + +, 3.9.82, leg. NADIG” [printed on white card]; “Anonc. alpinus (Yers.) italoaustriacus +ssp. n. +♂ det. +Nadig +” [printed on white card with “italoaustriacus +ssp. n. +♂” handwritten by +Nadig +]; “82: 144 No.2 (♂) Mikroph. Elytra + Zeichn. Titill.” [typed on yellow paper with “♂” added by hand]; “Holo-Typus” [printed on red card with “Holo-” handwritten]. +The +right antenna is missing. +Dissected +genitalia are glued to a card mount secured on the original pin. +There +are three ♂ +paratypes +and +two ♀ +paratypes +. +Images +on OSF. Box Nadig 185. + + + + + +Anonconotus italoaustriacus +Nadig, 1987 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB6F516FF7AFC2CFC364009.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB6F516FF7AFC2CFC364009.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c72e0899a39 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFB6F516FF7AFC2CFC364009.xml @@ -0,0 +1,130 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + + +alhoceimae +Nadig, 1994: 982-984 + + +[Uromenus]. + + + + + +Marokko +, +Cala Iris. ♂ +Holotype +, + + +15 ♂ +paratypes +and +8 ♀ +paratypes +. + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “ +Maroc +68 MA 68: 32, +Cala Iris +, + +0-15 m + +, 28.6.68, leg. +Nadig +” [printed on white card]; “ +U. alhoceimae +sp. n. +♂ det. +Nadig +” [typed on white card with “♂” added by hand and “det. +Nadig +” printed]; “HOLO-Typus” [printed on red card with “HOLO-” handwritten]. +Most +of both antennae and the claws of the left hind leg are missing. +Dissected +genitalia are glued to a card mount secured on the original pin. +The +15 ♂ +paratypes +are also present. +There +are +10 ♀ +specimens labelled as +paratypes +(one as +allotype +) including four from the type locality for which +Nadig +only mentions two in the original description. +It +is not clear whether the number in the description is erroneous or whether +two specimens +were identified later and thus are not really part of the type series. +Images +on OSF. Box Nadig 250. + + + + +A junior synonym of + +Uromenus pardoi +(Morales-Agacino, 1950) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFBCF51BFF7AFA6EFDDF44EE.xml b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFBCF51BFF7AFA6EFDDF44EE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..11f6e5ef86c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/73/AE/1673AE5CFFBCF51BFF7AFA6EFDDF44EE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Adolf Nadig with an account of the type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève + + + +Author + +Hollier, John + +text + + +Revue suisse de Zoologie + + +2014 + +2014-09-30 + + +121 + + +3 + + +401 +414 + + + +journal article +10.5281/zenodo.5828799 +0035-418X +5828799 + + + + + + + +vindti +midelti + + +Nadig, 1995: 148-150 + +[ +Steropleurus +]. + + + + + +Maroc +, Haute Moulouya, +Midelt. ♂ +Holotype +, 9 ♂ +paratypes +and +7 ♀ +paratypes +. + + + + + + +♂ +Holotype +with labels: “ +MAROC +70 MA 70: 52, +Haute Moulouya +: MIDELT, +Fuss Tizi-n-Talrhemt +, + +1700 m + +, 3.7.70, leg. +Nadig +” [printed on white card with “52” and “MIDELT, Fuss Tizi-n-Talrhemt, + +1700 m + +3” handwritten by +Nadig +]; “MA 70: 52 Nr. 1” [typed on a strip of white card]; “U. (ST.) vindti midelti ssp. n. NADIG ♂ det. +Nadig +” [typed on white card with “♂” added by hand and “det. +Nadig +” printed]; “HOLO-Typus” [printed on red card with “HOLO-” typed]. +The +claws of the left hind leg are missing. +There +are dissected parts glued to a card mount secured on the original pin. +The +nine ♂ +paratypes +and +seven ♀ +paratypes +, one labelled as +allotype +, are also present. +Images +on +OSF +. Box Nadig 258. + + + + + + +Uromenus vindti midelti +( +Nadig, 1995 +) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/00/1674009F540A6D2E2BF7516D116EFF89.xml b/data/16/74/00/1674009F540A6D2E2BF7516D116EFF89.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..023060e86c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/00/1674009F540A6D2E2BF7516D116EFF89.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +A review of the Cholevinae from the island of Borneo (Coleoptera, Leiodidae) + + + +Author + +Schilthuizen, Menno + + + +Author + +Perreau, Michel + + + +Author + +Njunjic, Iva + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +777 + + +57 +108 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.777.23212 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.777.23212 +1313-2970-777-57 +D9F353643DCD4BA6B70D62FB275DEB1B +D9F353643DCD4BA6B70D62FB275DEB1B + + + + + +Ptomaphaminus +hanskii Schilthuizen & Perreau + +sp. n. +Figure 11a, 12k, l, 13i, j + + + + +Material +. + + +Holotype: Malaysia, Sarawak, 4th Division, Gunung Mulu National Park, Slope, 4.5.78, 9.1, 9.3, +v-viii +.1978 (leg. P.M. Hammond & J.E. Marshall, in NHMUK, B.M.1978-49), 1 male. Paratypes: Sarawak. Gunung Mulu National Park, Slope, 4.5.78, 9.1, 9.3, +v-viii +.1978 (leg. P.M. Hammond & J.E. Marshall, NHMUK, B.M.1978-49), 5 males, 8 females. + + + +Description. +Length: 1.6-2.1 mm. General colour brown; the tarsi and two first antennomeres yellowish. Winged. Eyes well developed. Pronotum 1.65 times as wide as long. Elytra 1.30 times as long as wide. Sutural angle of female elytra angular. Apex of the spiculum gastrale of the male genital segment dilated into a diamond-like form (Figure 13i). Aedeagus elongated, approximately 3.5 times shorter than the body length. Median lobe regularly narrowed from base to the apex in dorsal view (Figure 12l), thick and strongly arcuate, with a long ventrally deflexed but not retroverted apical hook in lateral view (Figure 12k). Six lateroventral preapical setae and one lateroapical seta on each side. Internal stylus of the endophallus moderately sinuate. Female genital segment with reduced gonocoxites. Spermiduct membranous, vaguely helical at least near the base of the spermatheca. Apex of the spermatheca rounded, without apical sclerotised plate (Figure 13j). + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Species with normally developed eyes and a long aedeagus. Very similar to +P. sarawacensis +, from which it cannot be confidently distinguished in the female sex. Males of +P. hanskii +have a thicker median lobe of the aedeagus than +P. sarawacensis +. + + + +Habitat and distribution. +Known from lowland forests of Gunung Mulu, Sarawak, Malaysia. + + +Remarks. + +The external morphology and the female genital morphology are extremely similar to +P. sarawacensis +, so that females are nearly impossible to distinguish. However, the male aedeagi of these species are very different. + + + +Etymology. +Named in honour of Ilkka Hanski, the Finnish ecologist who played an important role in the Royal Geographical Society expedition to Mulu of 1978, and who passed away in 2016. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF826A46FF34FB3AFDB86EC7.xml b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF826A46FF34FB3AFDB86EC7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..22398b35fa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF826A46FF34FB3AFDB86EC7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,283 @@ + + + +Diversity, distribution and taxonomy of the Australian agathidine genera Camptothlipsis Enderlein, Lytopylus Foerster and Therophilus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) + + + +Author + +Stevens, Nicholas B. +nick.stevens01@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Austin, Andrew D. +andy.austin@adelaide.edu.au + + + +Author + +Jennings, John T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-05-23 + + +2887 + + +1 + + +1 +49 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2887.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.2887.1.1 +1175-5326 +5285497 + + + + + + + +Therophilus antipodus +(Ashmead) + + + + + + + + + + +Orgiloneura antipoda +Ashmead, 1900: 355 + + +[examined]. +Holotype +USNM, +♀ +; Type locality: +Australia +. + +Parrott, 1953: 198 + +[catalogue]; + +Shenefelt, 1970a: 251 + +[catalogue]; + +Yu +et al +., 2005 + +[catalogue]. + + + + + +Therophilus antipodus +(Ashmead) + +; + + +Sharkey +et al. +, 2009: 47 + + +[generic transfer]; + + +Stevens +et al. +, 2010: 20 + + +[catalogue]. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +With unusual sculpturing pattern on propodeum comprising longitudinal rugose striations medially, rugose punctations antero-laterally, faintly granulate to smooth postero-laterally; cell 1-Rs nearly absent; notauli represented by faint punctate marks only; with BROW colour pattern. + + + + + +Description (female) +. + +Body length 5.0 mm; ovipositor +3.2 mm +; head orange; mesosoma black; mid leg dark brown to black except for orange-yellow colour on distal femur and basal tibia and paler colour on tarsomeres; hind leg black to dark brown; T1 white except large black patch on median tergite; S1 and S2 white except large black patch in medial regions of each; T2 white except median tergite with black patch medio-anteriorly; T3 black except white on antero-lateral margins; remainder of metasoma black. + + +Head width +1.3 mm +, length +0.7 mm +, height +0.9 mm +; eye width +0.5 mm +, length +0.5 mm +, height +0.5 mm +; interorbital distance +0.7 mm +; median ocellus diameter +0.1 mm +; distance between lateral ocelli and median ocellus +0.1 mm +; distance between lateral ocelli +0.2 mm +; distinct carina between antennae, no carinae diverging from posterior region of carina towards median ocellus; ante-ocular pit indistinct; antennal flagellomeres missing; clypeus width +0.4 mm +, height +0.2 mm +; malar space height +0.2 mm +; distance from ventral eye margin to latero-ventral mouth margin +0.3 mm +; palps obscured; posterior margin of head, when viewed dorsally, slightly but broadly excavated (incursion +0.04 mm +); posterior genal margin distinctly carinate, slightly expanded ventro-posteriorly. + + +Mesosomal width 1.0 mm, length +2.4 mm +, height +1.5 mm +; pilosity distinct, dense setal field on metapleuron and mesepimeron, extends marginally onto mesopleuron and propodeum, setae longer ( +0.1 mm +), thicker and denser than other mesosomal setae; ante-scutellar depression with setal fringe; subpronope large and distinct, bordered posteriorly by 3 carinae that curve down to anterior margin of pronotum; notauli represented by faint punctate marks, more obvious anteriorly; scutellar sulcus scrobiculate, posterior margin relatively straight with anterior margin more convex; propodeal sculpturing unusual, with longitudinal rugose-striations medially, rugose punctations antero-laterally, and faintly granulate to smooth posterior laterally; suture line between metapleuron and propodeum delineated by scrobiculate groove; propodeal spiracle ovoid (maximum distance across +0.05 mm +), hind coxal cavities closed to metasomal foramen, minimum width of coxal bridge +0.07 mm +, margins carinate; sternalus deeply impressed, distinctly scrobiculate, long and curved; metapleural surface sculpturing rugose-punctate although largely obscured by dense reflective setal field. + + +Legs. Because of the poor condition of the +holotype +it is not possible to observe all leg characters: mid tibia with at least 1 apical (possibly 2–4) and 5 preapical spines; preapical spines spaced on anterior margin in distal half (could possibly be a further 2 spines); hind tibia with 4 apical and 8 preapical spines; preapical spines clumped in unorderly rows just basal to apical spines. + + +Fore and hind wings infuscate; fore wing maximum width +1.5 mm +, length +4.3 mm +; cell 1-Rs petiolate and highly reduced in size, nearly absent, ovoid in shape, maximum distance across ( +0.03 mm +), half width of petiolate vein (0.06); petiole of cell +0.13 mm +long; M+Cu entirely pigmented, lighter in basal third; hind wing maximum width +0.9 mm +, length +3.4 mm +. + + +Metasomal length +2.4 mm +, maximum width 1.0 mm; T1 with faint striate sculpturing in anterior two-thirds, posterior one-third faintly granulate to smooth; T1 median area relatively short, triangular in dorsal view, length +0.9 mm +, anterior width +0.4 mm +, posterior (maximum) width +0.8 mm +, raised nodes associated with spiracles distinct, spiracles on ventro-lateral margin; T2 smooth to very faintly granulate anteriorly, medial transverse groove faint, curving around posterior margin of black patch; T2–T3 boundary marked by shallow groove; T3 mostly smooth. + + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Holotype + +: +♀ +, ‘ +Australia +, +Koebele’ +( +USNM +). [examined]. + + + + + +Comments. + +Therophilus antipodus + +displays the same easily distinguishable BROW colour pattern as + +T. festinatus + +and + +T. latibalteatus +, + +i.e. head entirely orange and mesosoma entirely black. However, + +T. antipodus + +is distinguished from + +T. latibalteatus + +and + +T. festinatus + +by its smaller size, and considerably shorter ovipositor relative to body length. The distribution of this species is unknown because the +type +locality was not stated and no additional material has been identified. + + +The +holotype +of + +T. antipodus + +is in poor condition; the head is somewhat dislocated from the mesosoma, all the flagellomeres are missing from the left antenna, the right fore wing is missing, the right hind wing is glued on the card underneath the body, both fore legs are absent, the left mid leg is embedded in glue, the right mid leg is missing, and the ovipositor sheaths are missing. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF8C6A75FF34FEF0FD456838.xml b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF8C6A75FF34FEF0FD456838.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ca0b65eb16 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF8C6A75FF34FEF0FD456838.xml @@ -0,0 +1,438 @@ + + + +Diversity, distribution and taxonomy of the Australian agathidine genera Camptothlipsis Enderlein, Lytopylus Foerster and Therophilus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) + + + +Author + +Stevens, Nicholas B. +nick.stevens01@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Austin, Andrew D. +andy.austin@adelaide.edu.au + + + +Author + +Jennings, John T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-05-23 + + +2887 + + +1 + + +1 +49 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2887.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.2887.1.1 +1175-5326 +5285497 + + + + + + + +Therophilus mishae +Stevens + +, +n. sp. + + + + + + +( +Figs 2B +, +3B +, +4C +, +5B +, +16C +, +19A +) + + + + +Diagnosis. +Broad rounded elevation between antennae; notauli scrobiculate; propodeal sculpturing entirely rugose on granulate background or granulate; T1 granulate to granulate-rugose; T2 granulate to granulate-striate; body yellow and black to dark brown with S1–2 white. + + + + +Description (female). +Body length 3.2 (3.0–4.6) mm; ovipositor 3.1 (3.1–3.8) mm; head mostly yellow, except black dorsally (head sometimes entirely yellow or mostly dark brown to black), antenna brown to dark brown except anterior scape and pedicel lighter; mesosoma brown, dark brown or black except pronotum, propleuron and fore wing tegula entirely yellow, mesoscutum with yellow ‘Y’-shaped pattern extending along notauli, mesopleuron with a large region of yellow on medial anterior margin extending to posterior margin as a narrow yellow swathe (mesosoma can range from mostly yellow to mostly dark brown to black); both fore and mid legs mostly yellow except tarsomeres dark brown; hind leg mostly yellow except coxa mostly black to dark brown, legs yellow except tarsomeres brown; T1 and T2 dark brown (T1 yellow medially; T2 mostly yellow); latero-tergites of T1 and T2, and S1 and S2 white; T3 to T7 dark brown to brown with latero-tergites gradating to lighter shade ventrally, (T3 entirely yellow; T4 mostly yellow but with darker shading on antero-medial margin; T5 and T6 brown dorsally only; T8 and T9 uniformly yellow); remainder of sternites pale yellow. + + +Head width 0.7 (0.6–0.9) mm, length 0.4 (0.4–0.7) mm, height 0.6 (0.5–0.7) mm; eye width 0.2 (0.15–0.22) mm, length 0.3 (0.2–0.3) mm, height 0.3 (0.3–0.4) mm; head not triangular in anterior view, more elliptical; interorbital distance 0.4 (0.4–0.5) mm; median ocellus diameter +0.06 mm +; distance between lateral ocelli and median ocellus 0.04 (0.04–0.07) mm; distance between lateral ocelli 0.08 (0.08–0.12) mm; broad rounded elevation between antennae; ante-ocular pit not defined; antenna with 29 (26–30) flagellomeres; clypeus width 0.2 (0.2–0.3) mm, height +0.1 mm +; malar space height 0.2 (0.18–0.23) mm; distance from ventral eye margin to latero-ventral mouth margin 0.2 (0.2–0.3) mm; labial palpomere 3 length 0.2x (0.2–0.25) labial palpomere 4 length (lengths 0.02 and 0.08 (0.1–0.08) mm, respectively); labial palpomere 2 length 0.07 (0.07–0.08) mm; posterior margin of head, when viewed dorsally, slightly excavated, incursion 0.03 (0.03–0.04) mm; posterior genal margin distinctly carinate, with no expansion ventro-posteriorly. + + +Mesosomal width 0.6 (0.5–0.8) mm, length 1.3 (1.2–1.7) mm, height 0.75 (0.7–1.1) mm; setae of uniform length ( +0.06 mm +), and thickness overall, density generally greater laterally; antescutal depression with carinate anterior margin and associated setal fringe; subpronope distinct and bordered posteriorly by 4 short carinae, none of which extend close to anterior margin of pronotum; notauli scrobiculate; scutellar sulcus scrobiculate with 6 pits formed by 5 complete longitudinal carinae, medial carina most prominent, lateral pits smallest, anterior margin convex, posterior margin concave, anterior wall sloped, posterior wall steeper, nearly vertical; propodeal surface rugose on granulate background; propodeal spiracle round (diameter +0.02 mm +); suture line between metapleuron and propodeum delineated by scrobiculate groove on granulate background; hind coxal cavities closed to metasomal foramen by hind coxal bridge (minimum width +0.03 mm +), with carinate margins; sternalus deep, distinctly scrobiculate, and relatively long, posterior half straight and horizontal, anterior section curves upward; metapleuron without setal field; surface sculpturing smooth except for punctation associated with setae. + +Legs with basal lobe of all claws prominent and quadrate; mid tibia with 3 apical and 3 preapical spines on the anterior surface in distal half of tibia (can possess 2 apical and 2 preapical spines); hind tibia with 4 apical and 6 preapical spines; preapical spines clumped just basal to apical spines (can range from 4 to 8 preapical spines). + +Both fore and hind wings clear, not infuscate; fore wing maximum width 0.9 (0.8–1.2) mm, length 2.8 (2.7– 3.7) mm; cell 1-Rs petiolate, highly reduced in size, therefore round, cell diameter ( +0.03 mm +) marginally greater than width of petiolate vein +0.02 mm +(highly variable in size and shape, ranging from nearly absent to round (diameter 0.01–0.03) or triangular, triangular-shaped cells largest, up to +0.08 mm +); petiole of cell 0.09 (0.06–0.09) mm long; basal one-third or more of M+Cu unpigmented; hind wing maximum width 0.5 (0.4–0.6) mm, length 2.2 (2.0–2.7) mm. + + + +FIGURE 16. +Dorsal habitus of + +Camptothlipsis +, +Lytopylus + +and + +Therophilus +spp. + +: +A, +female + +C. oliveri + +; +B +& +D, + +L. rufipes +, + +B, +female non-type specimen with orange mesosoma and T1; +D, +female holotype, all black; +C +female + +T. mishae + +: +E, +female + +T. rufobrunneus + +; +F, +female + +T. rufithorax + +. Scale lines = 0.5 mm. + + + +Metasomal length 1.55 (1.5–2.5) mm, maximum width 0.6 (0.5–0.7) mm; median T1 surface sculpturing entirely granulate to granulate-rugose; T +1 in +dorsal view triangular in shape, length 0.53 (0.5–0.7) mm, anterior width 0.2 (0.1–0.3) mm, posterior width 0.3 (0.2–0.44) mm, raised nodes associated with spiracles on dorso-lateral margin; T2 surface sculpturing entirely granulate to granulate-striate, medial transverse groove as faint curved depression; T2–T3 boundary distinct; T3 smooth, as is remaining metasomal dorsal surface. + + +Male +. Same as female except for genitalia. + + + + +Holotype + +: +♀ +, ‘ +29.02S +167.57E +, +Norfolk Island +, nr +Highlands Guesthouse + +20–26 March 1984 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz. Stop +2 +pan trap +in palm forest’ ( +ANIC +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +: + +Norfolk Island +: + +2 ♀ +, +1 ♂ +, +29.03S +167.55E +, +Rocky Point Reserve +, + +14.XI–2.XII.1984 + +, +I.D. Naumann. +Malaise trap +, ethanol ( +ANIC +) + +; + +2 ♀ +, +11 ♂ +, +29.03S +167.56E +, +Bullocks Hut Rd +, + +20.XI.1984 + +, +I.D. Naumann. +NINP, ex. ethanol; + +Phillip Island + +( +6 km +south of +Norfolk Island +): +29.07S +167.57E + +; + +1 ♀ +, +7 ♂ +, +Upper Dykes +, + +26.III– 2.IV. 1984 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz +( +ANIC +; +WINC +) + +; + +1 ♂ +North Coast +, + +28.III.1984 + +, +E.D. Edwards +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Long Valley +, + +27.III.1984 + +, +E.D. Edwards +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +3 ♂ + +20–24.XI.1984 + +, +Long Valley, L +. +Hill +( +ANIC +) + +; + +13 ♀ +, +19 ♂ +, + +20– 24.XI.1984 + +, +Long Valley, I.D. Naumann. +Malaise trap +, ethanol ( +ANIC +; +WINC +) + +; + +3 ♀ +, +1 ♂ +, + +20–24.XI.1984 + +, +Long Valley +, + +26.III–2.IV.1984 + +, +D.C.F. Rentz. +Malaise trap +, ethanol ( +ANIC +) + +; + +3 ♀ +, +2 ♂ +, + +20–24.XI.1984 + +, between +Red Rd +& +Whitewood Valleys, T.A +. +Weir, I.D +. +Naumann +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +1 ♂ +, + +20–24.XI.1984 + +, +Whitewood Valley, I.D. Naumann. +ex. ethanol ( +ANIC +) + +. + + + + +Comments. +The colour and sculpturing patterns of + +T. mishae + +make this species easy to distinguish from all other Australian + +Therophilus +species. + + +Therophilus mishae + +is yellow and black to dark brown with sternites 1 and 2 white. However, considerable variation exists in the amount of yellow versus black and dark brown present. Some specimens are nearly completely yellow with only small regions of black and/or dark brown, while others are nearly completely dark brown to black with only small areas of yellow. Most specimens exhibit colour patterns somewhere inbetween these two extremes. + + +The species is confined to +Norfolk Island +and surrounding islands ( +Fig. 19A +) and is named after the senior author’s daughter, Ms Misha Anais Stevens. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF906A51FF34F9D8FD916B10.xml b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF906A51FF34F9D8FD916B10.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..65c11e276f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF906A51FF34F9D8FD916B10.xml @@ -0,0 +1,450 @@ + + + +Diversity, distribution and taxonomy of the Australian agathidine genera Camptothlipsis Enderlein, Lytopylus Foerster and Therophilus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) + + + +Author + +Stevens, Nicholas B. +nick.stevens01@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Austin, Andrew D. +andy.austin@adelaide.edu.au + + + +Author + +Jennings, John T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-05-23 + + +2887 + + +1 + + +1 +49 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2887.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.2887.1.1 +1175-5326 +5285497 + + + + + + + +Camptothlipsis oliveri +Stevens + +, +n.sp. + + + + + + +( +Figs 7A +, +11A +, +13A +, +16A +, +18A +) + + + + +Diagnosis. +Fore wing cell 1-Rs absent; labial palpomere 3 not significantly reduced, at least 0.5x length of labial palpomere 4; notauli distinctly scrobiculate; scutellar sulcus scrobiculate with 8 pits; sternalus distinctly scrobiculate and relatively long; propodeum extensively rugose-granulate, with distinct granulate sculpturing on T1 only, although faint granulate sculpturing sometimes on anterior T2. Body mostly yellow with varying amounts of brown on dorso-posterior metasoma. + + + + +Description (female). +Body length 4.6 (3.0–4.9) mm, ovipositor 3.5 (3.4–3.9) mm. Body mostly yellow except antenna dark brown; propodeal spiracle with dark margins; metasomal sternites pale yellow to white (metanotum, propodeum, mesepimeron, metapleuron and T1 sometimes entirely dark brown to black); T8 and T9 brown dorsally; metasomal spiracles with dark brown margins; ovipositor sheaths dark brown; fore and mid legs mostly yellow except tarsomeres dark brown; hind coxa, trochantellus and trochanter yellow (coxa sometimes mostly to entirely brown to black); hind femur mostly brown, with lighter shading distally; hind tibia with alternating pale yellow and brown bands; hind tarsomeres brown. + + +Head width 0.9 (0.8–0.9) mm, length +0.5 mm +, height +0.7 mm +; eye width 0.2 (0.15–0.2) mm, length +0.3 mm +, height +0.4 mm +; head triangular in anterior view but not acutely so; inter-orbital distance 0.6 (0.4–0.6) mm; median ocellus diameter +0.06 mm +; distance between lateral ocelli and median ocellus 0.08 (0.06–0.08) mm; distance between lateral ocelli 0.13 (0.1–0.13) mm; broad rounded elevation between antennae, no distinct carinae extending posteriorly from posterior region of rounded elevation towards median ocellus; ante-ocular pit not well defined; antenna with 27 flagellomeres; width of clypeus +0.3 mm +, height of clypeus +0.15 mm +(0.12–0.15), lateral margins well defined; height of malar space +0.22 mm +; distance of ventral eye margin from latero-ventral margin of mouth 0.28 (0.23–0.28) mm; labial palpomere 3 length 0.5x labial palpomere 4 length (lengths 0.04 and +0.08 mm +, respectively); labial palpomere 2 length +0.09 mm +; posterior margin of head, when viewed dorsally, slightly excavated, incursion +0.03 mm +; posterior genal margin distinctly carinate with no expansion ventro-posteriorly. + + +Mesosomal width 0.9 (0.7–0.9) mm, length 2.1 (1.5–2.1) mm, height 1.2 (1.0–1.2) mm; setae of uniform length ( +0.06 mm +) and thickness overall, density generally greater laterally compared with dorsal surface, particularly on propleuron and metapleuron; antescutal depression with rounded anterior margin and associated setal fringe; subpronope indistinct with faint carinae bordering posteriorly; notauli distinctly scrobiculate; scutellar sulcus scrobiculate with 8 pits, medial carina most prominent, anterior margin relatively straight as is posterior margin, anterior wall sloped, posterior wall steep, nearly vertical; propodeal surface extensively rugose-granulate; propodeal spiracle round (diameter +0.02 mm +); suture line between metapleuron and propodeum delineated by faintly scrobiculate groove on granulate background; hind coxal cavities closed to metasomal foramen by hind coxal bridge (minimum width +0.03 mm +), with carinate margins; mesopleuron with deep sternalus which is distinctly scrobiculate and relatively long, posterior half straight and horizontal, anterior section with upward curve; metapleuron surface sculpturing smooth except for punctation associated with setae. + +Legs with basal lobe of all claws large and rounded; mid tibia with 3 apical and 7 preapical spines; preapical spines placed at intervals on the anterior surface in distal half of tibia; hind tibia with 5 apical and 15 preapical spines; preapical spines arranged in five rows beginning just basal to apical spines and extending along distal quarter of tibia; hind tibia in lateral view broader in apical one-third than basal one-third so tibia appears clavate. +Fore and hind wings clear; fore wing maximum width 1.2 (1.0–1.3) mm, length 3.6 (2.6–4.0) mm; cell 1-Rs absent; most of M+Cu unpigmented; hind wing maximum width 0.7 (0.5–0.7) mm, length 3.4 (2.3–3.4) mm. + +Metasomal length 1.9 (1.4–2.9) mm, maximum width 0.9 (0.6–1.0) mm; median T1 surface sculpturing faintly granulate; T +1 in +dorsal view quadrate in shape, length 0.5 (0.4–0.8) mm, anterior width +0.3 mm +, posterior width +0.5 mm +; T2+3 surface smooth as is dorsal surface of remaining metasomal tergites (anterior region T2 sometimes faintly granulate), T2 medial transverse groove a faint curved depression; T2–T3 boundary a faint depression. + + +Male. +Same as female except for genitalia. + + + +Holotype + +: +♀ +, ‘Berrimah N.T. +August 1986 +C. Wilson. ex +Tortricidae +on + +Sida acuta +’ (ANIC) + +. + + + + +Paratypes + +: + +Northern Territory +: + +4 ♀ +, +2 ♂ +, same data as holotype ( +ANIC +, +WINC +) + +; + + +Queensland +: + +1 ♀ +, +1 ♂ +, N. +Tamborine +, + +15.III.1955 + +, on low bushes grasslands, +M.B. Wilson +( +QMBA +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, N. +Tamborine +, + +16.III.1955 + +, sweeping bushes near rainforest, +M.B. Wilson +( +QMBA +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Ayr +, + +30.IX.1960 + +, +R.D. Hughes +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♂ +, +Mount Beerwah +, + +5.V.1970 + +, +Z. Liepa +( +ANIC +) + +; + +16 ♀ +, +4 ♂ +, +Brisbane +, +Long Pocket +, + +I.1977 + +, +I.D. Galloway +( +BMNH +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, beside +Brisbane River +, +Tennyson +, + +III.1977 + +, +Malaise trap +, +I.D. Galloway +( +QDPI +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Monto +, + +23.V.1977 + +, ex. lucerne, +B.A. Franzmann +, T3624 ( +QDPI +) + +; + +1 ♂ +, + +4 km +NW Kuranda + +, + +16.V.1980 + +, +I.D. Naumann +& J.C. +Cardale +( +ANIC +) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +Davies Creek +, + +18 km +SE Mareeba + +, + +18.V.1980 + +, +I.D. Naumann +& +J.C. Cardale +( +ANIC +) + +; + +2 ♂ +, +Archer Creek +, + +15 km +SW Ravenshoe + +, + +20.V.1980 + +, +I.D. Naumann +& +J.C. Cardale +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Price Creek +, + +3 km +NW Mutchilba + +, + +23.V.1980 + +, +I.D. Naumann +& +J.C. Cardale +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +D.P.I. Research Station +, +Gatton +, + +16–24.III.1981 + +, +Malaise trap +( +QDPI +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +Indooroopilly +site Q1, +Malaise trap +, + +26.XI–3.XII.1982 + +( +QDPI +) + +. + + + + +Comments. + +Camptothlipsis oliveri + +is distinguished from the five other undescribed Australian + +Camptothlipsis +species + +examined by the pronounced scutellar sulcus with eight pits and the long and distinctly scrobiculate sternalus. The species has been collected from the Timorian, Torresian and northern Kosciuskan biogeographic regions ( +Fig. 18A +) and was reared from an unidentified tortricid host feeding on the exotic plant spinyhead sida, + +Sida acuta +Burm. + +f., in the Timorian region. This species is named after the senior author’s son Mr Oliver Finn Stevens. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Fore wing cell 1-Rs absent; labial palpomere 3 not significantly reduced, at least 0.5x length of labial palpomere 4; notauli distinctly scrobiculate; scutellar sulcus scrobiculate with 8 pits; sternalus distinctly scrobiculate and relatively long; propodeum extensively rugose-granulate, with distinct granulate sculpturing on T1 only, although faint granulate sculpturing sometimes on anterior T2. Body mostly yellow with varying amounts of brown on dorso-posterior metasoma. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF9E6A44FF34FAFAFF08693B.xml b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF9E6A44FF34FAFAFF08693B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05cf53d4700 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFF9E6A44FF34FAFAFF08693B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,361 @@ + + + +Diversity, distribution and taxonomy of the Australian agathidine genera Camptothlipsis Enderlein, Lytopylus Foerster and Therophilus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) + + + +Author + +Stevens, Nicholas B. +nick.stevens01@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Austin, Andrew D. +andy.austin@adelaide.edu.au + + + +Author + +Jennings, John T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-05-23 + + +2887 + + +1 + + +1 +49 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2887.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.2887.1.1 +1175-5326 +5285497 + + + + + + + +Therophilus aalvikorum +Stevens + +, +n. sp. + + + + + + +( +Figs 6A +, +12A +, +18A +) + + + + +Diagnosis. +Labial palpomere 3 length equal to or exceeding half labial palpomere 4 length; preapical spines extending onto basal half of mid tibia; head triangular in anterior view; with BROW colour pattern. + + + + + +Description (female) +. + +Body length 4.8 (4.6–5.5) mm; ovipositor 3.2 (3.1–3.6) mm; head ranging from mostly orange to mostly black and dark brown; antenna dark brown to black; mesosoma with varying amounts of orange and black, generally orange anteriorly and black posteriorly; all legs black to dark brown with lighter brown on fore tibiae and tarsomeres; metasoma with varying amounts of black and white, ranging from mostly white anteriorly and black posteriorly to mostly black with white on S1 and S2 only. + + +Head width 1.0 (1.0–1.2) mm, length 0.5 (0.5–0.7) mm, height 0.7 (0.7–0.9) mm; eye width 0.2 (0.2–0.3) mm, length 0.35 (0.3–0.5) mm, height +0.5 mm +; head triangular in anterior view; inter-orbital distance 0.6 (0.6–0.7) mm; median ocellus diameter 0.09 (0.06–0.09) mm; distance between lateral ocelli and median ocellus 0.07 (0.07–0.1) mm; distance between lateral ocelli 0.14 (0.14–0.18) mm; broad rounded elevation between antennae; ante-ocular pit absent; antennal segment number 36; clypeus width 0.3 (0.3–0.4) mm, height 0.1 (0.1–0.2) mm; malar space height 0.2 (0.2–0.3) mm; distance from ventral eye margin to latero-ventral mouth margin +0.3 mm +; labial palpomere 3 0.7x labial palpomere 4 length (lengths 0.06 and +0.09 mm +, respectively); gena not expanded ventro-posteriorly. + + + +FIGURE 6. +Lateral views of head and mouth-parts of + +Therophilus +spp. + +: +A, +antero-lateral view of head of + +T. aalvikorum + +; +B, +labial palpomeres + +T. martialis + +(holotype); +C, +lateral head undescribed + +Therophilus +species + +,; +D, +lateral head undescribed + +Therophilus +species + +, ventro-posterior expanded gena arrowed; +mc += medial carina; +lp2 += labial palpomere 2; +lp3 += labial palpomere 3; +lp4 += labial palpomere 4. Scale lines, A, C, D = 0.5 mm; B= 0.1 mm. + + + +Mesosomal width 0.8 (0.8–1.1) mm, length 1.8 (1.8–2.2) mm, height 1.2 (1.2–1.5) mm; pilosity mostly +0.07– 0.1 mm +in length, more sparse dorsally; white reflective setal field on metapleuron and mesepimeron, associated setae of similar length to other mesosomal setae but thicker; subpronope bordered posteriorly by single distinct carina extending to anterior margin of pronotum; notauli absent anteriorly, faint impression posteriorly; scutellar sulcus divided into 2 pits by distinct medial longitudinal carina (distinct lateral longitudinal carinae sometimes present); propodeum mostly smooth, with small area of faint rugose-punctate sculpturing antero-medially; suture line between metapleuron and propodeum delineated by scrobiculate groove; hind coxal cavities closed to metasomal foramen by hind coxal bridge (minimum width +0.05 mm +), with carinate margins; sternalus distinctly scrobiculate, straight and horizontal. + +Legs with all claws with small, quadrate basal lobes; mid tibia with 2 apical and 12 preapical spines; preapical spines staggered at intervals along anterior surface, extending well into basal half of mid tibia; hind tibia with 3 apical and 18 preapical spines; preapical spines situated close together forming triangular shaped patch of spines just basal to apical spines. + + +FIGURE 7. +Anterior head of + +Camptothlipsis + +and + +Therophilus +spp. + +: +A, + +C. oliveri + +; +B, + +T. malignus + +(holotype); +C, + +T. martialis + +; +D, + +T. tricolor + +; +E, + +T. stephensae + +; +F, +undescribed + +Therophilus +species. + +Scale lines = 0.5 mm. + + +Fore and hind wings infuscate; fore wing maximum width 1.4 (1.4–1.7) mm, length 4.0 (4.0–4.7) mm; cell 1- + +Rs petiolate and triangular, maximum distance across cell ( +0.13 mm +); petiole vein short, width equal to length ( +0.04 mm +); basal third of M+Cu darkly pigmented; hind wing maximum width 0.8 (0.7–1.0) mm, length 3.1 (3.1–3.9) mm. + +Metasomal length 2.4 (2.3–2.6) mm, maximum width 0.8 (0.8–1.0) mm; dorsal surfaces smooth; T1 length 0.7 (0.7–0.9) mm; anterior width 0.2 (0.2–0.3) mm, posterior width 0.5 (0.5–0.7) mm; both T2 medial transverse groove and T2–T3 boundary transverse groove shallow and indistinct. + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Holotype + +: +♀ +‘ +Western Australia +: +Mount Barker +, +12 km +E 34º40'99 S +117º47'44 E + +25.IV.2000 + +malaise trap +M. Court +& +S. Cunningham’ +( +WAMP +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +: + +South Australia + +: +2 ♀ +, +Gawler Ranges National Park +, +32º49'38 S +135º36'02 E + +25.IV.2000 + +Kododo area +, +M. & N. Stevens +, +yellow pan trap +( +SAMA +; +WINC +) + +; + + +Western Australia +: + +3 ♀ +, same data as holotype ( +ANIC +, +WAMP +, +WINC +) + +; M. Court & S. Cunningham, malaise trap; + +2 ♀ +, +Albany +, +21 km +NE, +34º51'25 S +117º48'51 E + +07.V.2000 + +( +ANIC +) + +; + +Mount Barker +, + +25.IV.2000 + +, 10 km W + +, +1 ♀ +34º42'65 S +117º34'21 E +, +3 ♀ +34º42'10 S +117º34'13 E +, + +1 ♀ +34º42'63 S +117º34'39 E +( +ANIC +) + +; + +1 ♀ +, +12 km +E, 34º40'99 S +117º47'44 E +( +ANIC +) + +. + + + + +Comments. + +Therophilus aalvikorum + +is distributed from the south-west of Western Australia across the Nullarbor region to South Australia ( +Fig. 18A +). This species is distinguished from other described and undescribed species by the presence of a long labial palpomere 3 and the extension of the preapical spines onto the basal half of the mid tibia. It is named in honour of the Aalvik family (Peir, Liv, Kari, Stein and Gere) originating from Aalvik, +Norway +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFFB46A7CFF34FB10FBA16EC8.xml b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFFB46A7CFF34FB10FBA16EC8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..119d1734ba2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/2D/16742D5FFFB46A7CFF34FB10FBA16EC8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,276 @@ + + + +Diversity, distribution and taxonomy of the Australian agathidine genera Camptothlipsis Enderlein, Lytopylus Foerster and Therophilus Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) + + + +Author + +Stevens, Nicholas B. +nick.stevens01@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Austin, Andrew D. +andy.austin@adelaide.edu.au + + + +Author + +Jennings, John T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2011 + +2011-05-23 + + +2887 + + +1 + + +1 +49 + + + + +https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2887.1.1 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.2887.1.1 +1175-5326 +5285497 + + + + + + + +Therophilus stephensae +Stevens + +, +n. sp. + + + + + + +( +Figs 7E +, +9B +, +15A, B +, +20B +) + + + + +Diagnosis. +Broad groove between antennae, subdividing elevated region into two broad mounds; wings clear, not infuscate; propodeum extensively rugose; ovipositor relatively short; with BROW colour pattern. + + + + +Description (female). +Body length 2.8 (3.0–4.6) mm; ovipositor 1.4 (1.4–1.5) mm; head mostly orange, except black dorsally, antenna black to dark brown; mesosoma mostly black to dark brown except anterior region where propleuron, pronotum and mesoscutum entirely or mostly orange; both fore and mid legs mostly yellow except tarsomeres dark brown to black; hind coxa mostly black to dark brown with yellow distally, hind trochantellus and trochanter entirely yellow, hind femur mostly yellow with darker shading on outer (anterior) surface, tibia mostly yellow except for distal portion, tarsomeres dark brown to black; metasoma entire ventral surface including laterotergites yellow with thin white bands on sternite margins, dorsal surface mostly dark brown to black except for T2 and latero-posterior corners of median T1 yellow (T1, T2 and anterior T3 sometimes entirely yellow with remain- der of tergites dark brown to black). + + +Head width 0.8 (0.7–0.85) mm, length 0.4 (0.3–0.44) mm, height +0.6 mm +; eye width +0.2 mm +, length +0.2 mm +, height +0.3 mm +; head rounded in anterior view; inter-orbital distance +0.45 mm +; median ocellus diameter +0.06 mm +; distance between lateral ocelli and median ocellus +0.06 mm +; distance between lateral ocelli +0.12 mm +; a single, broad groove between antennae, subdividing elevated region into 2 broad mounds, groove beginning on face and extending unbroken to ante-ocular region; triangular ante-ocular pit absent; antenna with 26 flagellomeres; clypeus width +0.24 mm +, height +0.09 mm +; malar space height +0.14 mm +; distance from ventral eye margin to latero-ventral mouth margin +0.19 mm +; labial palpomere 3 length 0.2x labial palpomere 4 length (lengths 0.01 and +0.05 mm +, respectively); labial palpomere 2 length +0.05 mm +; posterior margin of head, when viewed dorsally, excavated (incursion +0.07 mm +); posterior genal margin distinctly carinate, with no expansion ventro-posteriorly. + + +Mesosomal width +0.7 mm +, length 1.3 (1.1–1.4) mm, height +0.9 mm +; pilosity mostly +0.04–0.08 mm +in length and sparse, particularly dorsally; antescutal depression with slightly carinate anterior margin with short setal fringe; subpronope distinct, bordered posteriorly by pair of carinae, posterior carina extending closer to anterior pronotal margin than shorter anterior carina; notauli absent (faintly present with no associated sculpturing); scutellar sulcus divided into 4 main pits by 3 distinct longitudinal carina, both anterior and posterior walls steep, nearly vertical; propodeal surface extensively and distinctly rugose; propodeal spiracle round (diameter +0.02 mm +); suture line between metapleuron and propodeum delineated by scrobiculate groove; hind coxal cavities ranging from narrowly open to narrowly closed to metasomal foramen by thin hind coxal bridge (minimum width +0.01 mm +) that does not have carinate lateral margins; sternalus distinctly scrobiculate and relatively straight and horizontal, only marginally sinuate; metapleuron surface smooth except for punctation associated with setae, no setal field present. + +Legs with basal lobe of all claws large and triangular; mid tibia with 3 apical and 3 preapical spines; preapical spines on anterior surface placed at intervals in distal half; hind tibia with 3 apical and 4 preapical spines; preapical spines clumped just basal to apical spines. + +Both fore and hind wings clear; fore wing maximum width 1.1 (1.0–1.3) mm, length 3.9 (3.1–3.9) mm; cell 1- Rs petiolate and triangular with maximum distance across +0.07 mm +; width of cell petiole vein +0.03 mm +, length +0.06 mm +; basal third of M+Cu unpigmented; hind wing maximum width 0.5 (0.5–0.6) mm, length 2.5 (2.4–2.7) mm. + + +Metasomal length 1.3 (1.1–1.3) mm, maximum width +0.6 mm +; dorsal surface median T1 lightly striate, remainder of dorsal surface smooth; T1 median area triangular when viewed dorsally, length +0.5 mm +; anterior width +0.2 mm +, posterior width (maximum) +0.4 mm +; fused T2–3 not marked by any transverse grooves, both T2 medial transverse groove and T2–T3 boundary groove absent. + + +Male +. Unknown. + + + + +Holotype + +: +♀ +, ‘ +South Australia +: +Fleurieu Peninsula +, +Mount Billy Conservation Park +, + +28/06/2002 + +, +C. Stephens +, +emergence trap +, open sclerophyll woodland’ ( +SAMA +). + + + + + +Paratypes + +: +ACT +: +1 ♀ +, +Black Mountain +, +Malaise +site 2, + +V.1980 + +, +D.H. Colless + +; + + +New South Wales + +: +2 ♀ +, +Wilton +, + +7/12/1964 +& +28/12/1964 + +( +ANIC +) + +; + + +Queensland + +: +1 ♀ +, +Stanthorpe +, 12/08/25 ( +UQIC +) + +; + + +South Australia + +: +1 ♀ +, same data as holotype except collected + +5/07/2002 + +( +WINC +) + +. + + + + +Comments. + +Therophilus stephensae + +is considered a member of the BROW mimicry complex even though the white on the metasoma is not as vivid as that of many other species with this colour pattern. It is readily distinguished from other Australian species by the broad groove between the antennae, the relatively short ovipositor and clear wings. The species is found in the south-east of the Australian mainland in the Kosciuskan biogeographic region ( +Fig. 20B +) and is named after the collector of the +holotype +, Ms Claire Stephens. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/3D/16743D200D8BF62CF47D73027A2FED82.xml b/data/16/74/3D/16743D200D8BF62CF47D73027A2FED82.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..619a8fd7342 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/3D/16743D200D8BF62CF47D73027A2FED82.xml @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Lamiaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +836 +882 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Melissa officinalis +L. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: +30-90 cm +hoch, verzweigt, kurz behaart, + +mit Zitronengeruch. +Blaetter +eifoermig +, grob +gezaehnt + +, in den kurzen Stiel +verschmaelert +, Spreite +2-8 cm +lang. +Blueten +zu 3-6 +/- einseitswendig in den Achseln der oberen +Blaetter +. +Krone weiss +, ca. +1 cm +lang, + +mit bauchig erweiterter, +aufwaerts +gebogener +Roehre + +, flacher, ausgerandeter Oberlippe und 3teiliger Unterlippe. + +Kelch +glockenfoermig +, zweilippig + +, +Zaehne +der Unterlippe grannig +verlaengert +. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 6-8 + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Kultiviert und gelegentlich verwildert / kollin(-montan) / + + +Verbreitung global: Ostmediterran + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LhalbschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Zitronen-Melisse +Nom +francais +: + +Melisse +officinale + +Nome italiano: + +Melissa vera + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/5D/16745D7182FB52BBA0D0F111980E6995.xml b/data/16/74/5D/16745D7182FB52BBA0D0F111980E6995.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5fe7e077382 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/5D/16745D7182FB52BBA0D0F111980E6995.xml @@ -0,0 +1,286 @@ + + + +Harvestmen in the semiarid: a new genus and three new species of Pachylinae (Opiliones: Gonyleptidae) from Caatinga dry vegetation, with a cladistic analysis + + + +Author + +Saraiva, Nicolas Eugenio de Vasconcelos +Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Centro de Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas (Zoologia), Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Nicolas E. de V. Saraiva [nicools. eugenio @ gmail. com]; Marcio B. DaSilva [1940 @ uol. com. br] +nicools.eugenio@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Hara, Marcos Ryotaro +Universidade de Sao Paulo, Escola de Artes, Ciencias e Humanidades (EACH), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Marcos R. Hara [marcosrh @ usp. br] + + + +Author + +DaSilva, Marcio Bernardino +Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Centro de Ciencias Exatas e da Natureza, Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas (Zoologia), Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil; Nicolas E. de V. Saraiva [nicools. eugenio @ gmail. com]; Marcio B. DaSilva [1940 @ uol. com. br] + +text + + +Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny + + +2021 + +2021-10-08 + + +79 + + +485 +507 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e66321 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.79.e66321 +1864-8312-79-485 +3C3B731E89B44D1B9E0347BED83F8530 +12D8C5F9E3F15CBCA235F81E56FA0BC8 + + + + + +3.3.3. +Sertaneja bicuspidata +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 3 +, 4 +, 5 +, 12B +, 13 + + + +Type locality. + +BRAZIL, +Ceara +: Ubajara, Parque Nacional de Ubajara. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype. +BRAZIL. +Ceara +: Ubajara PARNA de Ubajara, Rio Gameleira, elev. 840 m, 27.i.2014, DaSilva M.B. Saraiva N.E.V. and Sampaio C., ♂ (UFPB OP-163) [dissected]. +Paratypes. +BRAZIL. +Ceara +: +Quixada +, Serra do +Estevao +, estrada para Dom +Mauricio +, elev. 482 m, 18.iv.2014, DaSilva M.B. and Saraiva N.E.V., 1 ♂ (UFPB OP-724) [dissected]; +Quixada +, Serra do Urucu, +Santuario +de Nossa Senhora Imaculada Rainha do +Sertao +, elev. 344 m, 19.iv.2014, DaSilva M.B. and Saraiva N.E.V., 1 ♂ 2 imm (MZUSP 76645) [male genitalia used for SEM], 1 ♂ (MNRJ 60616) [dissected]; +Quixada +, Jardim dos +Monolitos +, inselbergs do +Acude +Euclides, elev. 180-200 m, 20.iv.2014, DaSilva M.B. and Saraiva N.E.V., 1 ♀ (UFPB OP-726) [female description]. + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the denser tuberculation of the body surface (Fig. +3A +); scute area III paramedian pair of spines enlarged and slightly more robust when compared to + +S. crassitibialis + +sp. nov. (Fig. +3A, C +); coxa IV with uniquely shaped bifid prodorsal apical apophysis and conical retro-apical apophysis (Fig. +3A, D +); trochanter IV with the largest retro-apical apophysis among the genus, and a large proapical apophysis curved dorsally (Figs +3D +, +4 +); femur IV with a retro-lateral row of large conical apophyses (Fig. +4A, D +). It most resembles + +S. falcata + +sp. nov. by the male femur IV dorsal row with equally sized high tubercles; penis +glans' +stylus straight and with a rounded dorso-apical projection; VP macrosetae conical, MS A and MS B sets adjacent, and MS D pairs closer to each other and to MS C set (Fig. +5 +). + + + +Figure 4. + +Sertaneja bicuspidata + +sp. nov. Male holotype (UFPB OP-163) right trochanter-tibia IV. +A +: dorsal view; +B +: prolateral view; +C +: ventral view; +D +: retro-lateral view. - +Abbreviations +: Pro = prolateral; Ret = retro-lateral. Scale bars: 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 5. + +Sertaneja bicuspidata + +sp. nov. (UPFB OP-725), apical portion of penis. +A +: dorsal view; +B +: right lateral view. + + + + +Description. + +Holotype MALE +(UFPB OP-163; Figs +3 +- +4 +): +Measurements +: DSL: 4.86; DSW: 4.97; LI: 9.13; LII: 17.62; LIII: 10.78 (broken metatarsus); LIV: 15.48. +Dorsum +(Fig. +3A, C, G +): DS anterior margin with a pair of small tubercles on each side. Prosoma covered with distinctive large tubercles concentrated on the middle of posterior half. Ocularium tuberculate, with a pair of spines slightly longer than the ocularium height, and a pair of large tubercles just behind (Fig. +3C +). Two pairs of ozopores of similar size, anterior one placed more laterally, and posterior one more rounded and slightly dislocated dorsally; lateral channel well developed followed by distinguished tuberculate oblong sensorial pegs. Scute areas I-IV densely tuberculate, tubercles increasing in size medially. Scute area III paramedian pair of spines recurved, slightly reaching scute area IV. Lateral margin of DS with an external row of tubercles increasing in size towards scute area II, becoming slightly acuminated (Fig. +3C +). Posterior margin of DS and free tergites I-III each with a transversal row of tubercles. Free tergite I with tubercles increasing in size medially. Anal operculum tuberculate. +Venter +: Coxa I with three longitudinal rows of tubercles increasing in size apically, median row largest; coxae II-III with slightly enlarged apical tubercles; coxa IV tuberculate. +Chelicerae +: Segment I with a transversal row of five tubercles on the posterior face of bulla. Fixed and movable fingers with five and four teeth; respectively. +Pedipalps +(Fig. +3E, F +): Trochanter inflated dorsally, ventral face with a pair of setiferous tubercles, mesal largest (Fig. +3E +). Femur with a dorsal median row of five tubercles, ventral face with a basal large setiferous tubercle (Fig. +3E, F +); an external lateral row of five tubercles. Tibial setation: mesal and lateral IiIi/Iii. Tarsal setation: mesal IIi, lateral IiIi. +Legs +(Figs +3D +, +4 +): Coxae I-IV each with one prodorsal and one retro-dorsal apophysis; coxa II with a trifid retro-lateral apophysis. Coxa IV bearing a robust, bifid, prodorsal apical apophysis, almost square-shaped, the large branch pointing backwards and the smaller one almost transversal, obliquely angled (Fig. +3D +); and a conical retro-lateral apophysis, comparable in size and shape with the small, transversal branch of the prolateral one (Fig. +3D +). Trochanter IV apically swollen in dorsal view, prolateral surface with a short, blunt, conical, basal apophysis, and a large, apical apophysis, perpendicular in lateral view, dorsally curved along its entire length, bearing a basal small acute straight apophysis pointing posteriorly (Fig. +4B +); retro-lateral face with a basal short conical apophysis (ca. same size as the coxa IV retro-lateral apophysis), a sub-apical small, straight, transversal conical apophysis, and a long, straight apical apophysis 2/3 the length as the podomere (Fig. +4 +). Femur III slightly curved in dorsal view, with a paralateral pair of dorso-apical tubercles (retro-dorsal largest); ventral surface with two rows of tubercles increasing in size apically from their apical half, prolateral ones larger. Femur IV slightly curved inwards and upwards; dorsal surface with a median row of five enlarged, blunt, conical tubercles placed between the sub-basal and sub-apical regions of the podomere (Fig. +4B +); dorso-apical surface with two paralateral large spines; prolateral row of low rounded tubercles; retro-lateral row of seven high apophyses roughly decreasing in size apically, the large basal ones approximately the same size as the trochanter IV retro-apical apophysis (Fig. +4A +); two ventral rows of tubercles, proventral row with seven enlarged, blunt, conical tubercles on the basal half, retro-ventral row of small rounded tubercles (Fig. +4C +); ventro-apical surface with a pair of paralateral enlarged acuminated tubercles, ca. three times the size of the immediately following tubercles (prolateral largest). Patella IV covered with conical tubercles that increase in size apically, ventral face with two rows of tubercles increasing in size apically, retro-lateral ones larger. Tibia IV covered by conical tubercles, ventral row of tubercles slightly increasing in size apically (Fig. +4B, D +). Tarsal counts: 6, 10, 6, 6. +Penis +(UFPB OP-725; Fig. +5 +): Glans stylus cylindrical. VP apex convex with a slight median concavity, lateral margins slightly concave presenting a subtle constriction on its medial portion. VP bearing three paralateral pairs of MS A in a tight cluster in lateral view (Fig. +5B +); one pair of MS B of same size as MS A, placed more basally and adjacent to the MS A cluster; three pairs of MS C, the apical spine slightly smaller; MS D set closer to MS C group, setae close to each other; and two pairs of reduced, sub-apical, ventro-lateral MS E positioned between the MS C setae (not visible in the SEM photograph, but confirmed in the other dissected males). +Coloration +: DS, tergites I-III, chelicerae, pedipalps coxae, coxae I-IV, and leg IV general coloration strong yellowish brown (74). DS with posterior and lateral margins bearing a moderate yellowish brown (77) outline; scute areas, prosoma and ocularium with moderate yellowish brown (77) granulation. Pedipalps trochanter-tibia, and legs I-III dark yellow (88). + + +FEMALE +(UFPB OP-726; Fig. +3B +): +Measurements +: DSL: 4.34; DSW: 4.20; LI: 8.32; LII: 15.48; LIII: 10.77; LIV: 14.27. +Dorsum +: DS gamma (γ), but coda section is slightly longer. Ocularium spines length as tall as the ocularium. Scute area III central armature shorter than male and more acuminated. Scute area IV with median pair of tubercles more conspicuous than male. Posterior margin of DS and free tergites I-III each with leaner tubercles on the sides. +Legs +: Coxa IV narrower and shorter than in male, with a short, conical, proapical apophysis obliquely inserted; retro-apical apophysis reduced. Trochanter III retro-apical projection smaller than in male. Trochanter IV shorter than in male, apical half swollen, bearing a terminal tubercle, with unarmed prolateral face; retro-lateral face with short basal apophysis, and blunt apical apophysis smaller than in male. Femur III ventral row and ventro-apical tubercles smaller than in male. Femur IV dorso-medial row with small and slender projections on basal 4/5; a retro-lateral, a proventral and a retro-ventral rows of small conical tubercles; dorso-apical and ventro-apical paralateral projections reduced. Tibia III proventral and retro-ventral rows of small granule-like tubercles. Patella-tibia IV dorsal face covered by conical blunt tubercles. Tarsal count: 6, 9-10, 6, 6. + + + +Variation. + +Males +(n = 4): +Measurements +: DSL: 4.33-4.86; DSW: 4.47-4.97; LI: 8.52-9.13; LII: 15.60-17.62; LIII: 10.78-12.30; LIV: 14.25-15.83. +Dorsum +: Ocularium spines as tall as, or slightly taller than the ocularium. Scute area III paramedian pair of spines medium to large, length reaching backwards up to halfway of scute area IV. +Pedipalps +: Pedipalpal setation: tibial mesal IiIi, lateral IiIi/i-Ii; tarsal mesal IIi/IIii, lateral IiIi/Iii. +Legs +: Minor males, compared to major males as the holotype, with less developed armature on scute area III and weaker armature of legs: coxa IV narrower and shorter, prodorsal apical and retro-apical apophyses smaller and slender (on major males prodorsal apical apophysis shorter projection can be acuminate); trochanter III retro-lateral projection reduced; trochanter IV all apophyses smaller; femur III prolateral and ventral rows of tubercles less developed, with smaller proapical tubercles; femur IV pro- and ventro-apical tubercles smaller; tibia IV proventral and retro-ventral rows reduced. Tarsal count: 6, 9-10, 6, 6. + + + +Etymology. + +'Bicuspidata' +is a Latin adjective (adj. perf. part., nom. fem.) that refers to the diagnostic bifid apophysis of male coxa IV in this species. + + + + +Distribution (Fig. +13 +). + + +Caatinga shrublands and dry forests of northern interior +Ceara +and Brejos de Altitude humid montane forests of Ibiapaba mountains. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/8A/16748A38AE8CEF3082102FACBA2B6884.xml b/data/16/74/8A/16748A38AE8CEF3082102FACBA2B6884.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..87c1bbafc6b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/8A/16748A38AE8CEF3082102FACBA2B6884.xml @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828--8013 + + + + +Ormocerus Walker, 1834 + + + + +HORMOCERUS +Foerster +, 1856 + + +TEROBIA +Foerster +, 1878 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/9B/16749B484DA5502897BEC1EB97D7E223.xml b/data/16/74/9B/16749B484DA5502897BEC1EB97D7E223.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c189fd9cfca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/9B/16749B484DA5502897BEC1EB97D7E223.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Distribution of wild bee (Hymenoptera: Anthophila) and hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) communities within farms undergoing ecological transition + + + +Author + +Noel, Gregoire +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium +gregoire.noel@uliege.be + + + +Author + +Bonnet, Julie +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium + + + +Author + +Everaerts, Sylvain +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium + + + +Author + +Danel, Anouk +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium + + + +Author + +Calderan, Alix +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium + + + +Author + +de Liedekerke, Alexis +Ferme de Froidefontaine, Havelange, Belgium + + + +Author + +de Montpellier d'Annevoie, Clotilde +Department of Geography, Institute Transitions, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium & Ferme d'Emeville, Havelange, Belgium + + + +Author + +Francis, Frederic +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium + + + +Author + +Serteyn, Laurent +Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech - University of Liege, TERRA, Gembloux, Belgium + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-01-14 + + +9 + + +60665 +60665 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e60665 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e60665 +1314-2828-9-e60665 +A14A82B6E4E456E6AA051CADA0ECE3E6 + + + + +Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) morio (Fabricius 1793) + + + +Ecological interactions + + +Feeds on +Polylectic + + +Conservation status +Least Concern + + +Notes + +Table +2 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/74/B0/1674B0E0F197577E9A03518E2FFE63B4.xml b/data/16/74/B0/1674B0E0F197577E9A03518E2FFE63B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ee86523fa7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/74/B0/1674B0E0F197577E9A03518E2FFE63B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +A generic classification of Xenidae (Strepsiptera) based on the morphology of the female cephalothorax and male cephalotheca with a preliminary checklist of species + + + +Author + +Benda, Daniel +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-0411 +Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic & Department of Entomology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic +benda.daniel@email.cz + + + +Author + +Pohl, Hans +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7090-6612 +Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet, Jena, Germany + + + +Author + +Nakase, Yuta +Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan + + + +Author + +Beutel, Rolf +Institut fuer Zoologie und Evolutionsforschung, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitaet, Jena, Germany + + + +Author + +Straka, Jakub +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8987-1245 +Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-04-07 + + +1093 + + +1 +134 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1093.72339 +1313-2970-1093-1 +23B7070849A94681AC20494D06F98CCE +D3A8D50FF61A5B61B8776D63EB0D3F4C + + + + +Xenos hospitus Oliveira & Kogan, 1962 + + + + +Xenos hospitus +Oliveira & Kogan, 1962: 7. + + + +Host. + + +Polistes versicolor + +(Olivier, 1791) (as + +Polistes versicolor vulgaris + +Bequaert, 1934) ( +Oliveira and Kogan 1962 +). + + + +Distribution. + +Brazil: Santa Catarina ( +Oliveira and Kogan 1962 +); Ecuador (this study). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/75/AD/1675AD899015BC855A125E8CFC98E67B.xml b/data/16/75/AD/1675AD899015BC855A125E8CFC98E67B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0505b02cb34 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/75/AD/1675AD899015BC855A125E8CFC98E67B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Lacerta bullaris +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +L. cauda tereti longa, vesica gulari. + +Catesb. car. +2. +t. +66. Lacerta viridis jamaicensis. + + + + +Habitat in +Jamaica. + + + + +Parva, corpore viridi +; +sub gula globus ruber vesicularis +retractilis. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/75/B3/1675B32047D70D5D2D4B31ABA95D79FC.xml b/data/16/75/B3/1675B32047D70D5D2D4B31ABA95D79FC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fb91394dcc4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/75/B3/1675B32047D70D5D2D4B31ABA95D79FC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,833 @@ + + + +Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve + + + +Author + +Telfer, Angela C +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +atelfer@uoguelph.ca + + + +Author + +Young, Monica R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Quinn, Jenna +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobel, Crystal N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sones, Jayme E +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Derbyshire, Rachael +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose +CNC, Ottawa, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 + + + +Author + +Rougerie, Rodolphe +Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Thevanayagam, Abinah +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Boskovic, Adrian +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Borisenko, Alex V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-3057 + + + +Author + +Cadel, Alex +University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pages, Anais +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Castillo, Anibal H +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0528 + + + +Author + +Nicolai, Annegret +EcoBio, Universite of Rennes, Rennes, France + + + +Author + +Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Bukowski, Belen +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Wilson, Bill +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Trojahn, Brock +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Lacroix, Carole Ann +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Brimblecombe, Chris +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hay, Christoper +University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Ho, Christmas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Steinke, Claudia +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Warne, Connor P +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Garrido Cortes, Cristina +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Engelking, Daniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Wright, Danielle +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lijtmaer, Dario A +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Gascoigne, David +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Hernandez Martich, David +Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo DR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic + + + +Author + +Morningstar, Derek +Myotistar, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Neumann, Dirk +SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Steinke, Dirk +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Dobias, Dylan +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sears, Elizabeth +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Richard, Ellen +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Damstra, Emily +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Zakharov, Evgeny V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Laberge, Frederic +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Collins, Gemma E +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin A +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Grainge, Gerrie +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Ansell, Graham +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Meredith, Greg +Grand River Conservation Authority, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hogg, Ian +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +McKeown, Jaclyn +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Topan, Janet +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Bracey, Jason +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Guenther, Jerry +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Sills-Gilligan, Jesse +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Addesi, Joseph +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Persi, Joshua +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Layton, Kara K S +The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia + + + +Author + +D'Souza, Kareina +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dorji, Kencho +National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan + + + +Author + +Grundy, Kevin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nghidinwa, Kirsti +Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia + + + +Author + +Ronnenberg, Kylee +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lee, Kyung Min +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Xie, Linxi +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Lu, Liuqiong +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Penev, Lyubomir +Pensoft, Sofia, Bulgaria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-5033 + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Mailyn +Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia + + + +Author + +Rosati, Margaret E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kekkonen, Mari +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Kuzmina, Maria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Iskandar, Marianne +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Mutanen, Marko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pentinsaari, Mikko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Bauman, Miriam +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nikolova, Nadya +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ivanova, Natalia V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Jones, Nathaniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Weerasuriya, Nimalka +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Monkhouse, Norman +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lavinia, Pablo D +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Jannetta, Paul +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hanisch, Priscila E +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +McMullin, R. Troy +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ojeda Flores, Rafael +Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Mouttet, Raphaelle +ANSES, Laboratoire de la Sante des Vegetaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France + + + +Author + +Vender, Reid +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Labbee, Renee N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Forsyth, Robert +New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0158 + + + +Author + +Lauder, Rob +London Homeopathy, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Dickson, Ross +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Kroft, Ruth +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Miller, Scott E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +MacDonald, Shannon +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Panthi, Sishir +Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal + + + +Author + +Pedersen, Stephanie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobek-Swant, Stephanie +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Naik, Suresh +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lipinskaya, Tatsiana +Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus + + + +Author + +Eagalle, Thanushi +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Decaens, Thibaud +Universite de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Kosuth, Thibault +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Braukmann, Thomas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Woodcock, Tom +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Roslin, Tomas +University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland + + + +Author + +Zammit, Tony +Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Campbell, Victoria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dinca, Vlad +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Peneva, Vlada +Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +deWaard, Jeremy R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +dewaardj@uoguelph.ca + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6313 +6313 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 +1314-2828-3-e6313 +FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1 +574474 + + + + +Enoplognatha ovata Clerck, 1757 + + + +Notes +BOLD:AAA6910 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/75/F1/1675F14E1392D3976613C8A1A728C10F.xml b/data/16/75/F1/1675F14E1392D3976613C8A1A728C10F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8b62b4537ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/75/F1/1675F14E1392D3976613C8A1A728C10F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation + + + +Author + +Candek, Klemen + + + +Author + +Gregoric, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Kostanjsek, Rok + + + +Author + +Frick, Holger + + + +Author + +Kropf, Christian + + + +Author + +Kuntner, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Miller, Jeremy A. + + + +Author + +Hoeksema, Bert W. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +980 +980 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 +1314-2828-1 + + + + +nielseni +Lathys +Dictynidae +Animalia + + + + +Lathys nielseni (Schenkel, 1932) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kuntner, +Gregoric +, +Candek +, +Kralj-Fiser +, Cheng + +; sex: +1 female +; Location: locationID: SI41; country: +Slovenia +; locality: +Socerb, Osp +; minimumElevationInMeters: 116; maximumElevationInMeters: 116; decimalLatitude: +45.5819 +; decimalLongitude: +13.8558 +; Event: eventDate: +2012-06-07 +; habitat: trail from Socerb to Osp + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/75/F4/1675F4EAC817FA2151BD619D1361A3DF.xml b/data/16/75/F4/1675F4EAC817FA2151BD619D1361A3DF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a3dfa5b71ed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/75/F4/1675F4EAC817FA2151BD619D1361A3DF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation + + + +Author + +Candek, Klemen + + + +Author + +Gregoric, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Kostanjsek, Rok + + + +Author + +Frick, Holger + + + +Author + +Kropf, Christian + + + +Author + +Kuntner, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Miller, Jeremy A. + + + +Author + +Hoeksema, Bert W. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +980 +980 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 +1314-2828-1 + + + + +melanopygius +Ostearius +Linyphiidae +Animalia + + + + +Ostearius melanopygius (O. P.-Cambridge, 1879) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Candek + +; sex: +1 female +; Location: locationID: SI46; country: +Slovenia +; locality: + +Sesce +pri Preboldu + +; minimumElevationInMeters: 284; maximumElevationInMeters: 285; decimalLatitude: +46.2356 +; decimalLongitude: +15.1228 +; Event: eventDate: +2011-06-13/2012-06-22 +; habitat: house and surroundings + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/87/1676879AFFC4FF9A84F8FE7825764F97.xml b/data/16/76/87/1676879AFFC4FF9A84F8FE7825764F97.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..657d8e3e48e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/87/1676879AFFC4FF9A84F8FE7825764F97.xml @@ -0,0 +1,209 @@ + + + +A new short brown unpatterned moray eel Gymnothorax andamanensis (Muraenidae: Muraeninae) from Andaman waters, India + + + +Author + +Mohapatra, Anil + + + +Author + +Kiruba-Sankar, R. + + + +Author + +Praveenraj, J. + + + +Author + +Mohanty, Swarup Ranjan + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2019 + +2019-08-27 + + +4661 + + +1 + + +189 +196 + + + +journal article +25911 +10.11646/zootaxa.4661.1.11 +ae97aaaa-94f9-4ec7-9d78-491de03c5fe6 +1175-5326 +3378470 +8FF6A700-7434-4E20-8D75-282A85D964B9 + + + + + + + +Gymnothorax andamanensis + +sp. nov. + + + +Proposed common name: Andaman brown moray + + + +( +Figures 1–4 A +, +Table 1 +) + + + + + + +Holotype +. + +EBRC +/ZSI F11227 [ +325 mm +total length (TL)], +Port Mout +, +Port Blair +, +South Andaman +( +11.659327°N +; +92.696148°E +]: + +18 March 2019 + +. + + + + + +Paratypes +. + +CIARI +/MF-05. [ +464 mm +TL), date and place of collection: same as +holotype +. + + + + +FIGURE 1 +. + +Gymnothorax andamanensis + + +sp. nov. + +, collected from South Andaman (A: Fresh specimen; B: Preserved specimen) + + + +Diagnosis. +This new species of moray eel belongs to the small, brown unpatterned group with the combination following of characters: dorsal-fin origin before gill opening, pre-anal length 2.1–2.2, jaw pores with black rim, two branchial pores, predorsal vertebrae 3, preanal vertebrae 57 and total vertebrae 135–136, teeth smooth, three large fang-like median intermaxillary teeth, biserial maxillary and uniserial vomerine teeth, and dentary teeth biserial, with two teeth on each side in the second row of the dentary. + + +Description. +A medium-sized, uniform brown moray with moderately elongate body, depth at gill opening 15.0–17.1 and at anus 16.0– +19.1 in +TL; preanal length +2.1–2.2 in +TL. Head small, +8.1 in +TL; snout blunt, its length +4.4 in +HL; jaws almost equal +2.2–2.4 in +HL. Eye diameter of +6.7–7.6 in +HL and located closure to rictus than the snout tip; interorbital space +6.7–8.8 in +HL ( +Table 1 +). Anterior nostril tubular touching the tip of the snout, posterior nostril above the anterior margin of eye. Dorsal-fin origin before gill opening and closer to rictus than to gill opening. Pre-dorsal length +9.9–10.8 in +total length. The dorsal fin origin is well before the 1st branchial pore. Anal fin starts from the anus. Both dorsal and anal fins high. Gill in a small diagonal slit located behind the dorsal fin origin and second branchial pore ( +Fig. 2 +). Teeth smooth, not serrated; intermaxillary teeth 11–12 on each side with alternate small and large teeth as shown in +Fig. 3; 3 +strong, curved median intermaxillary teeth placed almost equidistance from each other; maxillary teeth biserial, 19–20 on each side of outer row and +3 in +each side of inner row; vomerine teeth uniserial with 9–10 teeth; lower jaw teeth with outer row of 26–28 teeth on each side and 2 inner teeth on each side near anterior end ( +Fig. 3 +). Head pores typical, supraorbital pores 3; infraorbital pores 4; mandibular pores 6; branchial pores 2, located above and before gill opening ( +Fig. 2 +). All head pores with black rim. Predorsal vertebrae 3, preanal vertebrae 57 and total vertebrae 135–136. + + + +FIGURE 2 +. Lateral view of head and head pores of + +Gymnothorax andamanensis + +sp. nov. + + + +Colour when fresh: +body dark brown dorsally and slightly pale brown ventrally; ( +Figs. 1 +& +4 +), both dorsal and anal fins body colour; eye ring whitish, jaw pores with black rim. When preserved, body uniformly brown, eye ring white. + + +Distribution. +Presently known only from the South Andaman, +India +. + + +Etymology. +The species is named “ + +andamanensis + +” with reference to the +Island +from where it is collected. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE32FFF1FF05F949AFB84722.xml b/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE32FFF1FF05F949AFB84722.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6cc8a27887d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE32FFF1FF05F949AFB84722.xml @@ -0,0 +1,357 @@ + + + +The ‘ Pylus complex’ sensu Opitz revisited (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Korynetinae): non-homogeneity of its genera addressed by alternative species-assignment hypothesis + + + +Author + +Bartlett, Justin S. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-02-20 + + +5415 + + +1 + + +193 +200 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.10 + +journal article +289253 +10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.10 +9ab9e1c4-376b-49cb-89ea-aef948565cc5 +1175-5326 +10692552 +F835F755-737C-4CD0-B118-08AAD32A9080 + + + + + + + +Parapylus +Blackburn, 1891 + + + + + + + + + + +Parapylus +Blackburn, 1891: 305 + + +. +Type +species: + +Pylus bicinctus +Newman, 1842 + +, by monotypy. Gender: Masculine. + + + + + +Revised differential diagnosis. + +Parapylus + +is differentiated from + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +as follows: Eye facets intermediate between finely- and coarsely-facetted ( +Fig. 3 +) (coarse in + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +); eye separation (frons width) approximately 2.5 eye widths (eye separation narrower, between 0.7 and 2.1 eye widths, in volant species of + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +, and much wider in one apterous species of + +Pylus + +); terminal maxillary palpomeres subdigitiform (subsecuriform to securiform in + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +); tibial spur formula 2–2–2 (number of spurs reduced in + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +); each elytron with at least one transverse band composed of pale setae (not present in + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +), a conspicuous basal hump (or umbo) and an unevenly carinate ridge in the basal half between the second and third puncture rows (neither present in + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus + +). The antennal club of + +Pseudopylus + +is compact ( +Fig. 9 +) and the mesocoxal cavities are laterally open. + + +Character states supporting the monophyly of + +Parapylus + +in relation to + +Pylus + +and + +Apopylus + +include the more finely-facetted eyes (synapomorphic, see +Kolibáč & Huang 2016 +), and elytron with a setose fascia, basal umbo and a carinate ridge (putative synapomorphies). + + +Included species. +(2): + +Parapylus bicinctus +( +Newman, 1842 +) + +; + +Parapylus sedlaceki +( +Kolibáč, 2003 +) + +. + + + + +Material examined. + +Parapylus bicinctus +(Newman) + +(5): + +Mt. Houtham Vic +, + +1000m + +7.7.76 // +J Sedlacek +collector // UQIC specimen (1, +QM +) + +; + +Yarram +// UQIC +Reg +#96965 // + +Parapylus bicinctus +Newman Det. W. Opitz + +(1, +QM +) + +; + +horse yards area, +Mt. William Nat. Pk. +TAS 40˚52’S 148˚10’E, + +19 Jan 1992 + +, +G. and A. Daniels +(1, +QM +) + +; + +same data as above except + +21 Jan 1992 + +(1, +QM +) + +; + +TMAG F123022 +Tas +: +Ben Lamond NP +: campgrnd: + +150m + +to SW: +41.5035°S +x +147.6126°E +. +Malaise trap +. coll. +S.J. Grove. + +06-Feb-2022 + +// +Parapylus bicinctus Det. S.J. Grove 2022 +(1, +TMAG +) + +. + + + +Parapylus sedlaceki +(Kolibáč) + +(4): Tooloom, N.S.W. Jan, 1926 H. Hacker // + +Pylus sedlaceki +Kolibáč Det. JS Bartlett, 2005 + +(1, +QM +); Illidge, Brisbane (1, +QM +); Mt. Norman area via Wallangarra, Qld. 2-3.x.971. G.B Monteith (1, +QM +); Bundaberg, Q. 18.9.27 // G. Bates ex // ID by A.M. Lea // specimen ex. R.I. Story Collection QPIM— Mareeba (1, +QDPC +). + + + + +Remarks. +Blackburn (1891) +erected the genus + +Parapylus + +for + +Pylus bicintus + +, formalising +Gorham’s (1878) +earlier suggestion that the species would “form the +type +of a new genus” due to its eyes being more finely-facetted and deeply emarginated than those of + +Pylus + +, and its terminal maxillary palpomeres being less triangular than those of the labium. + +Parapylus + +was subsequently synonymised with + +Pylus + +by +Kolibáč (2003) +, then again treated as valid by +Opitz (2012) +who differentiated the genus from + +Pylus + +by its smaller ommatidiae, each elytron with a setose fascia, basal umbo and a carinate ridge in the basal half, plus a tibial spur formula of 2–2–2. A strong degree of morphological similarity between + +Parapylus + +and + +Pylus + +is nevertheless evident (see above + +Apopylus + +diagnosis, and +Table 1 +) suggesting a likely sister-group relationship between the two genera, possibly even warranting subgenus status for + +Parapylus +. + +Application of subgeneric ranking, however, is not an established convention among the community of clerid taxonomists, and I hesitate to do so outside of the context of, for example, a review of the genera of a broader group such as a tribe or subfamily. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE33FFF3FF05FB3AAFAA4219.xml b/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE33FFF3FF05FB3AAFAA4219.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f0ff1010d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE33FFF3FF05FB3AAFAA4219.xml @@ -0,0 +1,849 @@ + + + +The ‘ Pylus complex’ sensu Opitz revisited (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Korynetinae): non-homogeneity of its genera addressed by alternative species-assignment hypothesis + + + +Author + +Bartlett, Justin S. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-02-20 + + +5415 + + +1 + + +193 +200 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.10 + +journal article +289253 +10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.10 +9ab9e1c4-376b-49cb-89ea-aef948565cc5 +1175-5326 +10692552 +F835F755-737C-4CD0-B118-08AAD32A9080 + + + + + + + +Pylus +Newman, 1841 + + + + + + + + + + +Pylus +Newman, 1841: 36 + + +. +Type +species: + +Clerus fatuus +Newman, 1841 + +, by original designation. Gender: Masculine. + + + + + + +Ylotis +Spinola, 1841: 74 + + +. +Type +species: Not designated prior to emendation of genus name. Gender: Feminine. + + + + + + +Yliotis +Spinola, 1844: 282 + + +(emendation of + +Ylotis +Spinola, 1841 + +). +Type +species: + + +Yliotis passerinii + +Spinola, 1844 + +, by monotypy. Gender: Feminine. + + + + + + +Fallopylus +Opitz, 2012: 9 + + +. +new synonym +Type +species: + +Pylus pallipes +Macleay, 1872 + +, by original designation. Gender: Masculine. + + + + + + +Pseudopylus +Opitz, 2012: 16 + + +. +new synonym +Type +species: + +Pseudopylus apterus +Opitz, 2015 + +, by subsequent designation of Bartlett (this paper, under Article 70.3 of the Code, +ICZN 1999 +; see remarks below) not of +Opitz (2015) +. Gender: Masculine. + + + + + +Revised differential diagnosis. + +Pylus + +is differentiated from + +Apopylus + +as follows: Eyes with ocular margin raised ( +Figs. 4, 5 +) (not raised in + +Apopylus + +); antennal club compact ( +Figs. 10–13 +) (loose in + +Apopylus + +); terminal palpomeres relatively small in relation to head size ( +Fig. 15 +) (notably large in + +Apopylus + +); prothorax strongly tuberculate laterally ( +Figs. 17, 18 +) (tubercle weak to moderate in + +Apopylus + +); pronotal disc with isolated deep foveolate punctures ( +Figs. 17, 18 +) ( + +Apopylus + +with dense matrix of shallow crater-like impressions); mesocoxal cavities wide open laterally (not confirmed in + +P. cruslumus + +comb. nov. +, + +P. kolibaci + +comb. nov. +or + +P. nactus + +comb. nov. +) (closed to narrowly open in + +Apopylus + +); elytral apical margin plain, without beads or serration ( +Fig. 21 +) ( + +Apopylus + +with beaded serration); punctation of elytral disc typically with two minute internal nodules ( +Fig. 22 +) (four nodules in + +Apopylus + +), sometimes with a third, seta-associated nodule on the anterior edge of some punctures. Putative synapomorphies supporting monophyly of + +Pylus + +in relation to + +Apopylus + +include antennal club more compact (see +Bartlett 2021 +). + + + +Pylus + +differs from + +Parapylus + +as follows: Eyes coarsely-facetted (facets intermediate between fine and coarse in + +Parapylus + +); terminal maxillary palpomeres subsecuriform to securiform (subdigitiform in + +Parapylus + +); tibial spur formulae 0–0–0, 1–2–1 or 2–2–1 (2–2– +2 in +the two known species of + +Parapylus + +); elytra without a band-like arrangement of setae (band-like setal pattern present in + +Parapylus + +). The reduction in tibial spurs is synapomorphic (see +Solervicens 2007 +) for + +Pylus + +in relation to + +Parapylus + +. + + + + +Included species. +(9): + +Pylus apterus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Pseudopylus + +); + +Pylus cavus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Fallopylus + +); + +Pylus cracentus +Opitz, 2015 + +; + +Pylus cruslumus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Apopylus + +); + +Pylus fatuus +( +Newman, 1841 +) + +; + +Pylus kolibaci +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Apopylus + +); + +Pylus nactus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Apopylus + +); + +Pylus okei +Elston, 1929 + +(return to original combination from + +Apopylus + +); + +Pylus pallipes +Macleay, 1872 + +(return to original combination from + +Fallopylus + +). + + + + +Material examined. + +Pylus apterus +(Opitz) + +(6): + +35.33S +148.47E +, +1 km +N of +Mt Gingera +, A.C.T. + +18 Feb. 1981 + +A.A. Calder +( +2 paratypes +, +ANIC +) + +; + +A.C. +T. +3 km +N +Mt. Aggie +, + +1-21-II-1979 + +, +D. Rentz +( +2 paratypes +, +ANIC +) + +; + +Mt. Franklin, A.C.T. +5 +Jan. +79, +J.F. Lawrence +, D. +Rentz +( +1 paratype +, +ANIC +) + +; + +NSW: +Bombala +, +Coolangubra SF +, +Waratah Ck. G.A. Webb +, +ex pitfall trap +// GAWCOOL + +Jan 1985 +, +1316/2/10 + +/3 (1, +JSBC +) + +. + + + +Pylus cavus +(Opitz) + +(1): + +S. E. +Queensland + +Bundaroo Creek +Conondale Range + + +4–5 March 1995 + +Gunter F. Maywald +// +Pylus cavus (Opitz) Det. J.S. Bartlett + +Nov. 2023 + +(1, +JSBC +) + +. + + + +Pylus cracentrus +Opitz + +(1): Galston, NSW, K416205 ( +holotype +, +AM +). + + + +Pylus fatuus +(Newman) + +(9): Hobart Mt. Nelson, Tas. 21.VIII.83 G.F. Bornemissza // +Pylus fatuus (Newman) Det. W. Opitz +// specimen ex. R.I. Story Collection QPIM—Mareeba (3, +QDPC +); Panton Hill +V. 1-9-1969 +LJ Cookson // +Pylus fatuus (Newman) Det. J.S. Bartlett 2007 +(4, +JSBC +); Banyo (Brisbane), Qld Kennedy’s Timber +18.x.2007 +; D. Borland HSS Trap 1559 // +Pylus fatuus (Newman) Det. J.S. Bartlett 2007 +(2, +JSBC +). + + + +Pylus kolibaci +(Opitz) + +(1): ( +21.35S +117.04E +), + +Millstream, W.A. +, 31.x.70, at light, eucalypt woodland, +E.B. Britton +( +1 paratype +, female, +ANIC +) + +. + + + +Pylus nactus +(Opitz) + +(1): + +34.21S +139.31E +SA, +Brookfield Con. Pk. +, + +20 Mar.–1 May 1993 + +, +S. Shattuck +, malaise ( +1 paratype +, +ANIC +) + +. + + + + + +Pylus okei +Elston + + +(1): K209300 // Gypsum, +V. +Nov. 1926 +C. Oke // A.H. Elston Collection // 4559 +Pylus okei Elston +TYPE ( +holotype +, +AM +). + + + + +Pylus pallipes +Macleay + +(5): K209299, K34238, + +Pylus pallipes +M. Cle. + +( +lectotype +, +AM +); + +Little Laura R. +via +Laura +N. +Qld. + +15.xi.1982 + +. +Storey +, +Jacobson +& +Brown +// +Pylus pallipes Det. W.Opitz +(1, +QDPC +) + +; + +Qld +:27°20.4’Sx153°04.5E +Boondall Wetlands +, site 1 + +11Nov2003 + +. + + +5– +10m + + +. night hand colln. +QM Party. + +Melaleuca + +woodland. 51718 (1, +QM +) + +; + +Brisbane Illedge +// UQIC specimen (2, +QM +) + +. + + + + +Remarks. +The unique +holotype +of + +Apopylus cruslumus +Opitz + +was not able to be located by South Australian Museum staff ( +pers. comm. +Ben Parslow). Its transfer to + +Pylus + +is therefore based on Opitz’ (2015) description of the pronotal disc as depressed, the elytral epipleurae as not distally serrate, and the elytral punctation as binodal, and on Opitz’ (2015, Fig. 62) habitus photograph showing a very +Pylus- +like beetle with prominent lateral pronotal tubercles. + + +Opitz (2012) +designated + +Pylus okei +Elston, 1929 + +as the type species of the genus + +Pseudopylus +Opitz + +and included a colour photograph of an apterous +Pylus- +like beetle labelled + +Pseudopylus okei + +( +Opitz 2012: 31 +, Fig. 23a) that appeared to be the same species earlier presented as + +Pylus okei + +by +Kolibáč (2003: 62 +, photo 9). Having documented Elston’s + +Pylus okei + +syntype +(erroneously referred to as a +holotype +by +Opitz 2015 +), not an apterous insect, +Bartlett (2013) +reported that + +‘ +okei + +’ sensu +Kolibáč (2003) +and sensu +Opitz (2012) +was a misidentification. +Opitz (2015) +subsequently described the abovementioned apterous species as + +Pseudopylus apterus +Opitz + +and designated it as the type species of the genus + +Pseudopylus + +while stating that it has been previously identified as + +Pylus okei +Elston + +and + +Pseudopylus okei +(Elston) + +by +Kolibáč (2003) +and +Opitz (2012) +respectively, though without referencing +Bartlett (2013) +. As +Opitz (2015) +, however, did not refer directly to Article 70.3 of the Code (see Article 70.3.2, +ICZN 1999 +), + +Pylus okei +Elston + +remains the type species of the genus + +Pseudopylus +Opitz. + + + +In line with +Opitz’s (2015) +intention, and with reference to Article 70.3 of the Code ( +ICZN 1999 +), I formalise the act of subsequent designation of + +Pseudopylus apterus +Opitz, 2015 + +as the +type +species of the genus + +Pseudopylus +Opitz, 2012 + + +new synonym + +, which I synonymise with + +Pylus +Spinola + +on the grounds of the latter genus having no identifiable synapomorphy in relation to + +Pseudopylus + +, with the species + +Pylus apterus +(Opitz) + + +new combination + +atypical among its congeners only in characteristics associated with its apterous condition, and otherwise conforming to the revised definition of + +Pylus + +presented above. + + +Differences between Opitz’ (2015) published descriptions and my observations include: description of the elytral epipleurae of + +Pylus okei + +as serrated distally (I observed that the elytral margins were plain and without serration); the description of the elytral punctures of + +Pylus cracentrus + +as tetranodal (examination of the +holotype +confirmed the punctures to be binodal, having two, not four, internal nodules); the description of the antennal club of + +Fallopylus cavus + +as loose (I observed that it is typically + +Pylus + +-like in being relatively compact). Hitherto unknown among clerid genera, with + +Apopylus + +being the only other known exception, the number of tibial spurs is evidently inconsistent within + +Pylus + +(0–0–0, 1–2–1 and 2–2–1). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE37FFF0FF05FB38AEB9452E.xml b/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE37FFF0FF05FB38AEB9452E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fc5c1a14e95 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/87/167687D5FE37FFF0FF05FB38AEB9452E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1135 @@ + + + +The ‘ Pylus complex’ sensu Opitz revisited (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Korynetinae): non-homogeneity of its genera addressed by alternative species-assignment hypothesis + + + +Author + +Bartlett, Justin S. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-02-20 + + +5415 + + +1 + + +193 +200 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.10 + +journal article +289253 +10.11646/zootaxa.5415.1.10 +9ab9e1c4-376b-49cb-89ea-aef948565cc5 +1175-5326 +10692552 +F835F755-737C-4CD0-B118-08AAD32A9080 + + + + + + + +Apopylus +Kolibáč, 2003 + + + + + + + + + + +Apopylus +Kolibáč, 2003: 65 + + +. +Type +species: + + +Apopylus unumgarensis +Kolibáč, 2003: 67 + + +, by original designation. Gender: Masculine. + + + + + +Revised differential diagnosis. + +Apopylus + +is differentiated from + +Parapylus + +and + +Pylus + +as follows: Eyes margin flush with cranium, or only finely and unevenly margined ( +Figs. 1, 2 +), not with a clearly raised margin as in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +; antennal club loose ( +Figs 6–8 +) (compact in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +), segments 10 and 11 not abruptly cupuliform (as in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +); terminal palpomeres notably large in relation to head size ( +Fig. 14 +) (significantly smaller in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +); prothorax weakly ( +Fig. 16 +) (most species) to moderately (only + +A. leptofustus +Opitz + +comb. nov. +) tuberculate laterally (strongly tuberculate in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +), pronotal disc with matrix of shallow crater-like impressions ( +Fig. 16 +) ( + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +with more isolated deep foveolate punctures), disc also without central sulcus (disc sulcate in most + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus +species + +); mesocoxal cavities narrowly open to completely closed laterally (typically wide open in + +Parapylus + +and + +Pylus + +); elytral margin distally with curved flange and minute bead-like nodules ( +Fig. 19 +) (beading absent in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +), discal punctures always with four small internal nodules, i.e., quadrinodal ( +Fig. 20 +) (two in + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +). + + +Putative synapomorphies supporting monophyly of + +Apopylus + +in relation to + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +include the enlargement of terminal palpomeres, the narrowing (or complete closure) of the mesocoxal cavities, and the development of beading along the apical elytral margin. Whether four internal nodules of the elytral punctures represents the apomorphic or plesiomorphic state (in relation to the two nodules of + +Pylus + +and + +Parapylus + +) is less clear. + + + +TABLE 1. +Species of Opitz’ + +Pylus + +-complex arranged according to the newly proposed genus assignment (third column), with supporting suite of correlating character states to the right, and Opitz’ (2015) tibial spur-based classification to the left. Character states were confirmed by specimen examination except for + +Fallopylus astrictus + +and + +Apopylus cruslumus + +(indicated by *) with character states gleamed from +Opitz (2015) +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Classification of species (sensu Opitz)Tibial spur formulaRevised genus assignmentEye: size of facetsEye: marginAntenna: club segmentsPalpi: terminal maxillary palpomere +Palpi: size +Pronotum: lateral tuberclePronotum: punctationMesocoxal cavitiesElytra: # of nodules / puncture + + +Elytra: +distal + +serration + +
+Apopylus unumgarensis ( +TS +) +0.0.0. + +Apopylus + +coarseabsentloosesecuriformlargeweak +shallow, +dense +closed4 +yes +
Fallopylus astrictus*1.2.1. + +Apopylus + +coarse?loosesecuriform?weak??4 + +yes + +
Fallopylus creperus1.2.1. + +Apopylus + +coarseabsentloosesecuriformintermediateweakshallow, denseclosed4 + +yes + +
Fallopylus leptofustus1.2.1. + +Apopylus + +coarseabsentloosesecuriformlargemoderateshallow, densenarrowly open4 + +yes + +
Fallopylus redactus1.2.1. + +Apopylus + +coarseabsentloosesecuriformlargeweakshallow, dense?4 + +yes + +
+Parapylus bicinctus ( +TS +) +2.2.2. + +Parapylus + +intermediatepresentcompactsubdigitiformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedwide open2 + +no + +
Parapylus sedlaceki2.2.2. + +Parapylus + +intermediatepresentcompactsubdigitiformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedopen2 + +no + +
+Pseudopylus apterus ( +TS +) +0.0.0. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedopen2 + +no + +
Apopylus cruslumus*0.0.0. + +Pylus + +coarse?compactsecuriform?strong??2 + +no + +
Apopylus kolibaci0.0.0. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolated?2 + +no + +
+ +Apopylus nactus + +0.0.0. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolated?2no
+ +Apopylus okei + +0.0.0. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedwide open2no
+ +Fallopylus cavus + +1.2.1. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedwide open2no
+Fallopylus pallipes ( +TS +) +1.2.1. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedwide open2 + +no + +
+ +Pylus cracentus + +2.2.1. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsubsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedwide open2no
+Pylus fatuus +( +TS +) +2.2.1. + +Pylus + +coarsepresentcompactsubsecuriformsmallstrongdeep, isolatedwide open2 +no +
+ + +......Figure legend continued on the next page + + + +FIGURES 1–22. +(1) + +Apopylus redactus + +holotype, eye; (2) + +Apopylus leptofustus + +paratype, eye; (3) + +Parapylus bicinctus + +, eye; (4) + +Pylus fatuus + +, eye; (5) + +Pylus nactus + +paratype, eye;, antennal club (6) + +Apopylus leptofustus + +paratype, antennal club; (7) + +Apopylus redactus + +holotype, antennal club; (8) + +Apopylus unumgarensis + +holotype, antennal club; (9) + +Parapylus bicinctus + +, antennal club; (10) + +Pylus fatuus + +, antennal club; (11) + +Pylus okei + +holotype, antennal club; (12) + +Pylus nactus + +paratype, antennal club; (13) + +Pylus apterus + +paratype, antennal club; (14) + +Apopylus redactus + +holotype, head showing palpi; (15) + +Pylus nactus + +paratype, head showing palpi; (16) + +Apopylus redactus + +holotype, pronotum; (17) + +Pylus apterus + +paratype, pronotum; (18) + +Pylus nactus + +paratype, pronotum; (19) + +Apopylus creparius + +paratype, beaded elytral apical margin; (20) + +Apopylus creparius + +paratype, elytral puncture with four nodules; (21) + +Pylus kolibaci + +paratype, plain elytral apical margin; (22) + +Pylus kolibaci + +paratype, elytral puncture with two nodules. + + + +Characters variable within + +Apopylus + +include: antennal club segments notably elongate (most species), more compact ( + +A. creperus + +comb. nov. +), or intermediate ( + +A. unumgarensis + +); frons about one eye width or slightly narrower ( + +A. astrictus + +comb. nov. +, + +A. leptofustus + +comb. nov. +, + +A. redactus + +comb. nov. +) or almost two eye widths ( + +A. unumgarensis +, +A. creperus + +comb. nov. +); pronotal lateral tubercle very weak (most species) or moderate ( + +A. leptofustus + +comb. nov. +); mesocoxal cavities closed ( + +A. unumgarensis + +and + +A. creperus + +comb. nov. +) or very narrowly open ( + +A. leptofustus + +comb. nov. +) laterally (not documented in + +A. astrictus + +comb. nov. +or + +A. redactus + +comb. nov. +); tibial spur formulae 1–2–1 (most species) or 0–0–0 ( + +A. unumgarensis + +). + + +Included species. +(5): + +Apopylus unumgarensis +Kolibáč,2003 + +; + +Apopylus astrictus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Fallopylus + +); + +Apopylus creperus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Fallopylus + +); + +Apopylus leptofustus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Fallopylus + +); + +Apopylus redactus +( +Opitz, 2015 +) + + +new combination + +(transferred from + +Fallopylus + +). + + + + +Material examined. + + + +Apopylus unumgarensis + +Kolibáč + +(4): +NSW +, +Unumgar S.F. +, + +430 m + +, nr Woodenbong, +Pole Bridge Road +, 788, + +2–11 Jan 1987 + +, +A. Newton +& +M. Thayer +( +holotype +, +ANIC + +); + +QLD: 26.881˚Sx151.600˚E Bunyas, +Dandabah +, + +1000m + +, + +2Oct 2010 + +, +G. Monteith +, RF barkspray, 34628 (2, +JSBC +) + +; + +SEQ:24°32’Sx151°28’E Bulburin barracks. + + +8 Oct + +1999 +. 580 m + + + +. G.B.Monteith. rainforest +Pyrtethrum +, trees. 7816 // + +Apopylus unumgarensis +Kolibáč Det. W. Opitz + +(1, +QM +) + +. + + + + +Fallopylus creperus +Opitz + +(2): Australia: n. Qld. + +7km +NE of Tolga + +. + +Nov 1987 + +, +Storey +& +Defaveri. +Light trap +( +1 paratype +, +QDPC +); same data as above but + +10.xii.1986 + +// +Fallopylus creperus Det. JS Bartlett 2017 +(1, +QDPC +). + + + + + +Fallopylus leptofustus +Opitz + +(3): Australia: n. +Qld. Tully Falls S.F. + +730 m +. + + +18 km +SSW Ravenshoe + + +1.x. – 5.xi.1987 + +. +Storey +& +Dickenson +( +1 ♀ +paratype +, +QDPC +); + + +Australia: n. Qld. Wongabel S.F. via Atherton. + +4-16.i.1990 + +. +Story +& +Defaveri. +Malaise trap +( +1 paratype +, +QDPC +); + + +NEQ:17°33’Sx145°33’E +Mt Fisher +, summit. + +1360m + + +8 Feb 1999 + +. +Rainforest GB Monteith. Pyrethrum +—trees & logs 2176 ( +1 paratype +, +QM +) + +. + + + + +Fallopylus redactus +Opitz + +(1): +Tamborine Mt. +, +Joalah NP +, NSW, + +25 Nov. 1982 + +, +J. & E. Doyen +( +holotype +, female, +ANIC +). + + + + + +Remarks. +Specimens of + +Fallopylus astrictus +Opitz + +were not examined. It’s transfer to + +Apopylus + +is based on Opitz’ (2015) description of the antennal capitulum as loose, the pronotal disc as not centrally impressed, the elytral epipleurae as distally serrated, the elytral punctation as quadrinodal and the pronotal side margins gradually broadening and not prominently tuberculate ( +Opitz 2015 +, Fig. 67). + + +Opitz (2015) +described the elytral punctures of + +Apopylus unumgarensis + +as binodal and those of + +A. creparus + +as trinodal; examination of +type +specimens revealed that the punctures are quadrinodal in both species. + + +To this author’s knowledge, the phenomenon of inconsistent expression of number of apical tibial spurs among the species of a clerid genus is known only in the genera + +Apopylus + +and + +Pylus +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/9C/16769CBC70412925B22FF47D09D064A5.xml b/data/16/76/9C/16769CBC70412925B22FF47D09D064A5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bcd036e0a03 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/9C/16769CBC70412925B22FF47D09D064A5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + + +A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World + + + +Author + +Wood, John R. I. + + + +Author + +Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo + + + +Author + +Williams, Bethany R. M. + + + +Author + +Scotland, Robert W. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2020 + +143 + + +1 +823 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 +1314-2003-143-1 +F6F11A6EE4FF5A1885CEA2B60AE965A5 + + + + +132. + +Ipomoea lozanii +Painter in House + +, Botanical Gazette 43 +(6): 411. 1907. (House 1907b: 411) + + + +Type. + +MEXICO. +Queretaro +, San Juan del Rio, +J.M. Rose & W.H. Painter +9542 (holotype US00111415, isotypes BM, GH, NY). + + + +Description. + +Twining perennial herb from a tuberous rootstock, stems somewhat woody, glabrous to thinly pilose. Leaves petiolate, 2-8 +x +1.7-2.5 cm, ovate, apex long-caudate, base cordate to subtruncate and shortly cuneate onto the petiole, auricles rounded, both surfaces glabrous; petioles 2-4.5 cm, glabrous. Inflorescence of solitary (very rarely paired), pedunculate flowers, peduncle 0.5-4 cm, pubescent; bracteoles 1 mm, deltoid, caducous; pedicels 20-40 mm, stouter than peduncles and thickened upwards, nearly glabrous; sepals subequal, glabrous 12-14 +x +5-7 mm, ovate, shortly mucronate, outer with scattered fleshy teeth on abaxial surface, inner without teeth but with scarious margins; corolla 5-7 cm long, funnel-shaped, deep pink, glabrous, limb c. 5 cm diam. Capsules 8-10 +x +5-6 mm, ellipsoid, glabrous; seeds 4-6 mm long, subglobose, brown, puberulent. + + + +Illustration. + +Carranza (2007: 69); Figure +77 +. + + + +Figure 77. + +Ipomoea lozanii + +. +A +habit +B +outer sepal +C +inner sepal. Drawn by Rosemary Wise from +Pringle +10029. + + + + +Distribution. +Endemic to central Mexico, where it grows in dry pine and oak woodland on rocky hillsides and in rough pasture derived from woodland, mostly between 1000 and 2300 m. + +MEXICO. Guanajuato +: +Rincon +del Cano, + +E. Carranza & E. +Perez + +4995 (IEB, MEXU, TEX); Mun. Victoria, + +E. Ventura y E. +Lopez + +8485 (IEB). +Hidalgo +: Tecozautla, +S. Rojas +237 (IEB). + +Queretaro + +: San Juan del Rio, +C.G. Pringle +10029 (BM, K, MO, S); Zamorano, + +O. Ocampo & E. +Perez + +1221 (IEB). +Sinaloa +: El Saucito, +P. Tenorio et al. +10292 (MEXU). +Tamaulipas +: 15 km SW of Ciudad Victoria, +G.L. Webster et al. +11241 (S). + + + +Note. + +The plate accompanying the protologue is incorrect and shows + +Ipomoea collina + +. The correct plate is Figure +3 +on page 412 of the Botanical Gazette. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/A4/1676A4CD13CEACD4C5FEE42898976A16.xml b/data/16/76/A4/1676A4CD13CEACD4C5FEE42898976A16.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..93b6776f762 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/A4/1676A4CD13CEACD4C5FEE42898976A16.xml @@ -0,0 +1,383 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Poaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/poaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Paspalum dilatatum +Poir. + + + + + +Brasilianische Hirse + + + + +Art ISFS: 293260 Checklist: 1032670 +Poaceae +Paspalum +Paspalum dilatatum Poir. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +30-80 cm +hoch, knickig aufsteigend. +Blaetter +3-10 mm +breit, flach, am Spreitengrund bewimpert. +Blatthaeutchen +1-3 mm +lang. + +Bluetenstand +aus 3-6 +schmal-aehrigen +, 2-10 (-20) cm langen, +/- einseitswendigen Trauben + +, diese in +groesseren +Abstaenden +unregelmaessig +wechselstaendig +. +Aehrchen +meist zu 2 auf +1-2 mm +langen Stielen, + +breit-eifoermig +, flach, 3-3,5 mm lang + +, 2 +bluetig +, untere +Bluete +steril. + +Obere +Huellspelze +am Rand wollig behaart + +, etwas +laenger +als die + +dick knorpelig +gewoelbten +Deckspelzen + +. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 7-9 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Feuchte Orte, +Schuttplaetze +/ kollin / TI, in Ausbreitung + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Stammt aus +Suedamerika + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +4w33-452.g.2n=50 + + + +Anatomie + +Zusammenfassung der Stammanatomie + + +Umriss rund mit Rippen. +Leitbuendel +in mehreren Reihen. Rechteckige +Stuetzen +. Kleine Interzellularen, oft dreieckig. Epidermiszellen verholzt. Chlorenchyma in peripheren runden, ovalen oder rechteckigen Gruppen. + + +Beschreibung (Englisch) + + +Culm-diameter +1-2 mm +, center full, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness 1:1. Outline circular, with rips. Culm-center full, containing unlignified cells. Epidermis-cells thick-walled all around. Large vascular bundles arranged in 2-3 peripheral rows. Chlorenchyma in round, oval, square or rectangular groups. Sclerenchyma in a large, peripheral continuous belt (> 3 cells). Cells thick-walled. Girders square, rectangular or conic. Sclerenchymatic sheath bilateral, large at both radial ends of vascular bundles. Largest vessels in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle 20-50 +μm +. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma-cells present, small, often triangular. Distinct cavities (intercellulars) in the protoxylem area of vascular bundles. + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + +
KEINE ANGABE
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Paspalum dilatatum +Poir. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Brasilianische Hirse +Nom +francais +: + +Panic du +Bresil + +Nome italiano: +Panico brasiliano + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Paspalum dilatatum Poir. + + +Checklist 2017 + +293260
= +Paspalum dilatatum Poir. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +2722
= +Paspalum dilatatum Poir. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +293260
= +Paspalum dilatatum Poir. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +293260
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500) + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/C6/1676C6E3846D6F19A943804D79F36A38.xml b/data/16/76/C6/1676C6E3846D6F19A943804D79F36A38.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f17f16f204 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/C6/1676C6E3846D6F19A943804D79F36A38.xml @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Platynus rufiventris (Van Dyke, 1926) + + + + +Colpodes rufiventris +Van Dyke, 1926a: 120. Type locality: "Mount Washington (6000 feet), near Nogales [Santa Cruz County], Arizona" (original citation). Holotype (♂) in CAS [# 1862]. + + + +Distribution. +This species is yet known only from Cochise, Pima, and Santa Cruz Counties in southern Arizona (Liebherr and Will 1996: 318). The record from southwestern Utah (Tanner 1928: 270) is probably in error. + + +Records. + +USA +: AZ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/C9/1676C935E56DA5A308C1FFDB624BF0F1.xml b/data/16/76/C9/1676C935E56DA5A308C1FFDB624BF0F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c3449bc48a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/C9/1676C935E56DA5A308C1FFDB624BF0F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,455 @@ + + + +A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World + + + +Author + +Wood, John R. I. + + + +Author + +Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo + + + +Author + +Williams, Bethany R. M. + + + +Author + +Scotland, Robert W. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2020 + +143 + + +1 +823 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 +1314-2003-143-1 +F6F11A6EE4FF5A1885CEA2B60AE965A5 + + + + +338. + +Ipomoea bracteata +Cav. + +, Icon 5 +: 51. 1794 [pub. 1799]. (Cavanilles 1799: 51) + + + + + +Exogonium bracteatum +(Cav.) Choisy ex G. Don + +, Gen. Hist. 4 +: 264. 1838. (Don 1838: 264). + + + +Quamoclit bracteata +(Cav.) Roberty + +, Candollea 14 +: 41. 1952. (Roberty 1952: 41). + + + +Ipomoea cincta +Roem. & Schult. + +, Syst. Veg. 4 +: 254. 1819. (Roemer and Schultes 1819: 254), nom. illeg. superfl. for + +I. bracteata +Cav. + + + + +Convolvulus obvallatus +Spreng. + +, Syst. Veg. 1 +: 595. 1825. [pub. 1824]. (Sprengel 1824: 595). Type. Based on + +Ipomoea bracteata +Cav. + + + + +Ipomoea spicata +Kunth + + +, +Nov. Gen. +Sp. 3 + +: 112. 1818 [pub.1819]. (Kunth 1819: 112). Type. MEXICO. Guerrero, La Venta de Acaguisotla, +Humboldt & Bonpland +s.n. (holotype P00670776). + + + +Exogonium spicatum +(Kunth) Choisy + + +, +Mem +. Soc. Phys. +Geneve +8 + +: 50 [128]. 1837 [pub. 1838]. (Choisy 1838: 50[128]). + + + +Exogonium olivae +Barcena + +, Viaje Cav. Cachuam. 29 +. 1844. ( +Barcena +1844: 29). Type. MEXICO. Cuernavaca, + +Barcena + +s.n. (holotype MEXU†, lectotype plate in +Barcena +(1844: 29), designated by McDonald 1987c: 59). + + + +Convolvulus bractiflorus +Sesse +& +Mocino + +, Pl. Nov. Hisp. 23 +. 1888). ( +Sesse +y Lacasta and +Mocino +1887- 90: 23). Type. MEXICO. Cuernavaca, +Sesse +& +Mocino +"1629" +(lectotype MA00603817, designated by McDonald 1987c: 59). + + + +Ipomoea bracteata +var. +pubescens +B.L. Rob. & Greenm., Amer. J. Sci. + +ser. 3. 50: 160. 1895. Type. MEXICO. Jalisco, Guadalajara, +C.G. Pringle +4734 (holotype GH00054485, isotypes BM, BKL, BR, CM, G, GOET, ISC, K, MEXU, MIN, MO, MSC, NDG, NY, S, US, UC, VT). + + + +Exogonium bracteatum +var. +pubescens +(Rob. & Greenm.) House + +, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35 +: 101. 1908. (House 1908a: 101). + + + +Ipomoea bracteata +var. +viridibracta + +McDonald +, Brenesia 28 +: 60. 1987. (McDonald 1987c: 60). Type. MEXICO. Est. Mexico, Temascaltepec, +G.B. Hinton +7526 (holotype NY00319073). + + + +Type. + +MEXICO. Guerrero, Dos Caminos near Acapulco, + +Nee + +s.n. (lectotype MA475867, designated by McDonald 1987c: 58, isolectotype MA). + + + +Description. + +Vigorous liana; stems climbing or trailing to 7 m, glabrous, plant often leafless when flowering. Leaves petiolate, 2-8 +x +2-7 cm, ovate to deltoid, acute or acuminate, mucronate, base shallowly cordate, glabrous or ( + +var. +pubescens + +) pubescent; petioles 0.1-4 cm. Inflorescence of bracteolate axillary raceme-like cymes, rhachis 2-23 mm long, slightly zigzag; peduncles fused to petioles, 3-7 mm; bracteoles showy, 2-4.5 cm long and wide, ovate, acuminate, folded, pink or, rarely ( + +var. +viridibracta + +), greenish, glabrous; pedicels 2-5 mm, usually recurved; sepals subequal, 5-9 +x +2-3 mm, oblong-ovate with white margins, the outer obtuse, mucronate, innerslightly larger; corolla 2.2-4 cm long, hypocrateriform, the tube 4-7 mm wide, pink or (rarely) greenish, glabrous, limb reduced to 5 lobes 2-3 mm long and wide, stamens exserted. Capsules 6-10 +x +4-8 mm, conical, glabrous; seeds 4-5 +x +2-3 mm, ellipsoid, puberulent. + + + +Illustration. + +Figure +160 +. + + + +Figure 160. + +Ipomoea bracteata + +. +A +leaf +B +abaxial leaf surface +C +Stem and bracts +D +bract +E +flowering habit +F +outer sepal +G +inner sepal +H +corolla opened out to show stamens. Drawn by Rosemary Wise +A-D +from +Pringle +8012; +E +from +Hinton et al. +7529; +H +from +Y. Mexia +1917. + + + + +Distribution. +Endemic to Mexico but locally common in deciduous tropical forest below about 1600 m. + +MEXICO. Baja California Sur +: Sierra Laguna, +H.S. Gentry +4437 (K, MEXU); Miraflores, +A. Carter +2659 (K, UC). +Chihuahua +: +Rio +Batapilas, +M. Kimnach & Brandt +905 (MEXU). +Colima +: Colima-Manzanillo, +E. Carranza & I. Silva +6036 (IEB, MEXU). +Durango +: Topia, +S. Acevedo & D. Bayona +346 (IEB, MEXU). + +Est. +Mexico +& Dist. Fed. + +: Temascaltepec, Plaza de Gallos, +G.B. Hinton +1749 (BM, K), ibid., Ixtapan, +G.B. Hinton +3019 (BM, K), ibid., Calera, 7529 (BM, K, NY). +Guerrero +: Coyuca, +G.B. Hinton +5560 (K); Placeres, + +Mina, +G.B. Hinton + +9974 (BM, K); Achotla, +Y. Mexia +8743 (K); Coyuco de +Catalan +, + +J.C. Soto +Nunez + +11436 (E, MEXU). +Hidalgo +: Chapalhuacan, +R.M. Saucedo & O.A. Ayala +855 (MEXU). +Jalisco +: Talpa de +Allende-Tomatlan +, +K.M. Peterson & C.R. Broome +442 (K); Patalarga, +P. Carillo-Reyes et al +. 7248 (IEB); San +Sebastian +to Los Reyes, +Y. Mexia +1917 (BM). + +Michoacan + +: +G.B. Hinton +6974 (K); S. of Taretan, +E. Carranza & V. Steinmann +6316 (IEB). +Morelos +: Cuernavaca, +C.G. Pringle +8012 (GH, K, MO, US); ibid. + +, +Bourgeau +1246 + +(K, P). +Nayarit +: Acaponeta, + +R. +Ramirez +& G. Flores + +816 (IEB). +Oaxaca +: Laguna el +Portreron +, +M. Elorsa +5731(IEB). +Puebla +: Teotalca, + +A.G. Miranda & C. + +Garcia + + +898 (MEXU). +Sinaloa +: Rosario, +F.H. Lamb +450 (GH, K); Mazatlan, +J.G. Ortega +5590 (K); +Culiacan + +, +Rito Vega +2646 + +(MEXU). +Sonora +: Mun. Alamos, +T.R. Van Devender +94-166 (ASU); Mun. Huatobampo, +S.L. Friedman +32-94 (ASU); San Bernardo, +Rio +Mayo, +H.S. Gentry +1293 (K). +Veracruz +: Remulatero, +C.A. Purpus +8644 (BM), 16377 (K). + + + +Notes. + +A very distinctive species with woody stems and a subcylindrical hypocrateriform corolla which is enclosed by a pair of showy bracteoles. As in + +Ipomoea dumosa + +the petiole and peduncle are partially fused. Although very distinct + +I. bracteata + +is also very variable. The leaves are usually glabrous but a pubescent form ( + +var. +pubescens + +) occasionally occurs; the bracteoles and corolla are usually pink but plants with greenish bracteoles ( + +var. +viridibracta + +) and green corollas are occasionally found. + + + +Ipomoea bracteata + +flowers in the dry season, fide +Chemas-Jaramillo +and Bullock (2005). + +••• Clade C (Species 339-378) comprise a morphologically heterogeneous group of American and Australasian species, which contains a number of small, well-supported and morphologically distinct clades, which are indicated in the following sequence. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/76/F8/1676F85272A498C19333599343CFC781.xml b/data/16/76/F8/1676F85272A498C19333599343CFC781.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d77292f1126 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/76/F8/1676F85272A498C19333599343CFC781.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828--8013 + + + + +Eurytoma serratulae (Fabricius, 1798) + + + + +Cynips serratulae +Fabricius, 1798 + + +tristis +Mayr, 1878 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/77/6A/16776A9D6075D6C71BDDFA186837D8F9.xml b/data/16/77/6A/16776A9D6075D6C71BDDFA186837D8F9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5ab7ec9241 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/77/6A/16776A9D6075D6C71BDDFA186837D8F9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Vormela peregusna +subsp. +peregusna +Guldenstaedt 1770 + + + + + + + +Vormela peregusna +subsp. +peregusna +Guldenstaedt 1770 + +, +Nova Comm. Imp. Acad. Sci. Petropoli, 14 (1): 441 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +"habitat in campis apricis desertis Tanaicensibus" [ +U.S. +S. +R +., Rostov Obl., steppes at lower Don River ( +Honacki et al., 1982 +)]. + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Vormela peregusna +subsp. +euxina +Pocock 1936 + +; + +Vormela peregusna +subsp. +intermedia +Ognev 1935 + +; + +Vormela peregusna +subsp. +sarmatica +( +Pallas 1771 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/77/83/167783B42221755B23C3408063FD1EAC.xml b/data/16/77/83/167783B42221755B23C3408063FD1EAC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5498588d66 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/77/83/167783B42221755B23C3408063FD1EAC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + + +Syllis parapari San +Martin +& +Lopez +, 2000 + + + + +Notes + +Probably recorded under the name +Syllis cornuta +before the year 2000 (see discussion under +Syllis cornuta +). In the Mediterranean also known from Cyprus, ( + +Cinar +and Ergen 2003 + +), Turkey ( + +Cinar +et al. 2014 + +) and the Adriatic ( +Mikac 2015 +), otherwise known from the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula and from the British Isles ( + +San +Martin +2003 + +, + +San +Martin +and Worsfold 2015 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/78/56/16785682B19704308AF0D5ECE284E31B.xml b/data/16/78/56/16785682B19704308AF0D5ECE284E31B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0cad829118e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/78/56/16785682B19704308AF0D5ECE284E31B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +The first case of aggressive mimicry among lamprologines in a new species of Lepidiolamprologus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from Lake Tanganyika. + + + +Author + +Robert Schelly + + + +Author + +Tetsumi Takahashi + + + +Author + +Roger Bills + + + +Author + +Michio Hori + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1638 + + +39 +49 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D15D76E2-BE7D-493A-97B8-9987D599F86B + +journal article +z01638p039 +D15D76E2-BE7D-493A-97B8-9987D599F86B + + + + +Lepidiolamprologus nkambae +: + + + + + +MRAC +77-49-P-1 ( +holotype +, female, 113.0 mm SL), Nkamba bay, Sumbu National Park, +Zambia +, +Apr. 1975 + +; AMNH 216075 SW (9 C&S); Zm 04658-1~3, 05696-1~2, 97651-a~b, 98138. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/78/85/16788568FFE84853FFA1506A6C9BA6B0.xml b/data/16/78/85/16788568FFE84853FFA1506A6C9BA6B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6a578c9f7f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/78/85/16788568FFE84853FFA1506A6C9BA6B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +Description of two new cicada species of the genus Poviliana Boulard (Insecta: Hemiptera, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae) from New Caledonia + + + +Author + +Delorme, Quentin + + + +Author + +Jourdan, Hervé + + + +Author + +Mille, Christian + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2015 + +3957 + + +4 + + +489 +500 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3957.4.9 +522dfaf8-88aa-49ba-99cf-b32c1edb427a +1175-5326 +237957 +20681733-0480-46C2-9253-5A6323B4B2BC + + + + + + +Genus + +Poviliana +Boulard, 1997 + + + + + + + + + +Poviliana + +Boulard, 1997 +: 185 + + +. +Type +species: + +Melampsalta sarasini +Distant, 1914 + + + + +Among the New Caledonian +Cicadettini +, the genus + +Poviliana + +is characterized by the following features: forewing veins M and CuA meeting basal cells with their stems confluent; hindwing with six apical cells; pseudoparameres filiform, apically straight; pterostigma hyaline, slender; when viewed dorsally, lateral margin of pronotal collar smooth with only a rounded lateral lobe and completely lacking an anterior lateral tooth or angular projection; median lobe of uncus flat; forewing with radial crossvein vertical; upper lobe of pygofer very small, almost aborted; distance between lateral ocelli no more than two times width of one ocellus and postclypeus with anterior profile in dorsal view well rounded giving head an angular appearance. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/78/85/16788568FFE8485AFFA153A56FC1A7B4.xml b/data/16/78/85/16788568FFE8485AFFA153A56FC1A7B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2dce8c3f338 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/78/85/16788568FFE8485AFFA153A56FC1A7B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,488 @@ + + + +Description of two new cicada species of the genus Poviliana Boulard (Insecta: Hemiptera, Cicadoidea, Cicadidae) from New Caledonia + + + +Author + +Delorme, Quentin + + + +Author + +Jourdan, Hervé + + + +Author + +Mille, Christian + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2015 + +3957 + + +4 + + +489 +500 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.3957.4.9 +522dfaf8-88aa-49ba-99cf-b32c1edb427a +1175-5326 +237957 +20681733-0480-46C2-9253-5A6323B4B2BC + + + + + + + +Poviliana dayubiikii +Delorme + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Figs. 1–5 +) + + + + +Material examined +. +Holotype +male ( +MNHN +19284), +Nouvelle-Calédonie +, Province Nord, Hienghène, Mont Panié, refuge Blaffart ( +570 m +), +25/II/2013 +, +Quentin Delorme rec +, caught by net. +Paratypes +: +2 males +( +MNHN +19285 and +MNHN +19286), same data as +holotype +. + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Poviliana dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, dorsal view of holotype male (Photography: Laurent Fauvre, MNHN) + + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Poviliana dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, ventral view of holotype male (Photography: Laurent Fauvre, MNHN) + + + + +Measurements +(in mm, +3 males +): FL: 19.4–19.3–19.1, FW: 6.9–7.4–6.8, YW: 1.2–1.2–1.2, HW: 5–5.1–5, HL: 1.9–1.9–1.6, BL: 14.6–14.9 - 14, PL: 2–2–2, PW: 4.7–4.7–4.7, HWW: 5–5–5, HWL: 10.4–10.4–11.2. + + +Description of male +( +Figs. 1–4 +). +Head. +Slightly broader than mesonotum; vertex more angular than + +P. vincentiensis + +, greenish with pink ocelli separated by a distance equal to two times the width of an ocellus. Each ocellus set on a wide black patch much larger than found in + +P. vincentiensis + +. Epicranial suture green. Anteromedian ocellus located in a frontal position. Compound eyes greenish, prominent, wider than long. Dorsal postclypeal area about three times shorter than width, flat horizontal and black, with a yellowish triangular patch in the middle; anterior border slightly prominent than curve of supra-antennal plate. Scape and supra-antennal plate are yellowish with a black ocular margin. Antennal flagella and pedicel black. Postclypeus yellowish slightly domed with four transversal grooves. Anteclypeus yellowish with brownish margins only in lower half, hull entirely blackish. Rostrum with labrum, mentum and labium yellowish with darker sutures. Apex of rostrum reaching bases of mid trochanter. Gena and lorum yellow with a thin brown longitudinal line (length variable). + + +Thorax. +Pronotum longer than head, green with variable black ornamentations. A very thin mediolongitudinal black line disappearing in posterior half, absent in one +paratype +. Pronotal collar and lateral parts yellowish with black posterior margin. Lateral and paramedian fissures black. Mesonotum green with three longitudinal black fascia. Median fascia reaching cruciform elevation. Lateral fascia terminating at beginning of anterior branch of cruciform elevation. Scutal depression with circular black patch. Metanotum greenish with blackish posterior margin. Cruciform elevation greenish, except blackish posterior branch and prolongation of median fascia. Opercula whitish, separated, as long as wide and domed, bearing scattered silver hairs on posterior margin. Opercula entirely covering tympanal cavity. + + +Wings. +Forewings hyaline with eight apical cells; venation yellowish except apical cells and a part of ulnar cells, which are blackish; median and cubital anterior veins fused for +1 mm +by their bases. Hindwings with six apical cells, reaching middle of forewings; venation blackish; vannus and jugum hyaline. + + +Legs. +Greenish with longitudinal black ornamentations. Forelegs with coxa yellow with black internal margin. Trochanters greenish with variable brownish ornamentations. Femurs greenish except anterior side which bears a wide longitudinal brown line. Femur with three developed black spines and a forth one (aborted) on anterior base of third spine. Primary spine strong and oblique, isolated, shorter than distance between base of primary and second spine. Secondary spine oblique, much shorter than primary (<½) one. Apical spine oblique, shorter than second spine (<½). + + +Abdomen. +Tergites 1 and 2 green with a black posterior margin and black lateral side. Tergite 3 whitish with median posterior black margin. Tergite 4 whitish with complete thin black posterior margin. Tergites 5 to 8 entirely black. Timbals bear a series of two short ribs and three long ribs connected by a dorsal bar and running dorsoventrally to timbal plate. Sternites 2 and 3 whitish with black median black spot on posterior margin; sternites 4 to 7 uniformly blackish; sternite 8 whitish. + + +Genitalia. +Pygofer whitish, slightly curved with a non-prominent rounded upper lobe distant from dorsal beak. Basal lobe almost insignificant. Dorsal beak black and sharp. Median lobe of uncus rectangular and flat. Thecal pseudoparameres of aedeagus yellow, filiform and much smaller than theca. Claspers whitish, well developed, large, dominant, restraining aedeagus, lobe-like, flat, wide in lateral view, outer face with an overhanging lip along margin; unfused; distally parallel to each other; their apices not widely separated; apically obtuse. + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Poviliana dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, pygofer lateral view of holotype male (Photography: Laurent Fauvre, MNHN) + + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Poviliana dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, pygofer ventral view of holotype male (Photography: Laurent Fauvre, MNHN) + + + +Song patterns. +Calling song ( +Fig. 5 +) duration varies between 4 or 5 seconds. Each call is separated by a silence of 2.5 or 3 seconds and is formed by two +types +of sequence (A). The first sequence during about 2 seconds is composed by 34 to 38 groups of two echemes and generally introduced by two groups of three echemes (B and C). The duration of the second sequence is similar to the first one. But it is composed by two or three long phrases. Each phrase is formed by eight to nine echemes for duration of 0.13 second (D) which are separated from each other by an interval of 0.6 to 0.9 seconds. The two sequences do not differ in their frequency content. They all cover frequencies from 8 to 21 kHz with main energy between 13 and 16 kHz and a maximum of energy at 14–15 kHz ( +Fig. 5 +F). + + + + +Distribution. +North-east cost of +New Caledonia +(Mont Panié) ( +Fig. 11 +). + + +Derivation of name. +From “Dayu-biik” name of the nature protection association working on Mont Panié. Dayu-biik is also the Melanesian name of the Kauri trees endemic to the Mont Panié, + +Agathis montana + +de Laubenfels, 1972 ( + +Araucariaceae + +). + + +Habitat and ecology. +Like + +Poviliana sarasini + +and + +P. vicentiensis + +, + +P. dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, inhabits primary rainforest undergrowth. Male usually calls while set on the trunk of small trees, rarely up to +3 m +high. It appears not gregarious, but two or three males can call on the same trunk, separated by at least a distance of +30 cm +. It is strictly diurnal and sciaphilous. Population density in the station seems important. Indeed, males calling song generates a continuous low background noise during daylight. The species was encountered from +200 m +up to + +750– +800 m + +. The altitudinal distribution of this cicada seems to depend only on the primary rainforest distribution on Mont Panié. At highest elevation, forest composition and structure change, probably becoming unsuitable to + +P. dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +We have no information on seasonality and peak period of emergence. + + + +FIGURE 5. + +Poviliana dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, Nouvelle-Calédonie, Mont Panié, refuge Blaffart (570 m), 25/II/2013, 14h00. Graphic representation of typical male calling song. A) Oscillogram of a record of 19 seconds showing four completes calls and the beginning of a fifth one. Each call is composed by two types of phrases. B) Oscillogram of the first phrase. C) Spectrogram the first phrase. D) Oscillogram of the second phrase. E) Spectrogram of the second phrase. F) Power spectrum. + + + + + +Poviliana montrouzieri +Delorme + + + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 6–10 +) + + + + +Material examined. +Holotype +male ( +MNHN +22418), +Nouvelle-Calédonie +, Province Nord, Houaïlou, Col des Roussettes ( +300 m +), +15/II/2015 +, +Quentin Delorme rec +, caught by net. One +paratype +male ( +MNHN +22419), same data as the +holotype +. + + + + +Measurements +(in mm, +2 males +): FL: 16.2–16.1, FW: 6.3–6.2, YW: 1.2–1.2, HW: 4.4–4.5, HL: 1.2–1.3, BL: 13.2–13.4, PL: 1.8–1.8, PW: 4.0–4.1, HWW: 4.4–4.4, HWL: 8.6.–8.5. + + + +FIGURE 6. + +Poviliana montrouzieri +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, dorsal view of holotype male (Photography: Quentin Delorme, IAC) + + + + +FIGURE 7. + +Poviliana montrouzieri +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, ventral view of holotype male (Photography: Quentin Delorme, IAC) + + + +Description of male +( +Figs. 6–9 +). This new species is very similar to + +P. vincentiensis + +and + +P. sarasini + +but differs mainly in male calling song and coloration of sternites and operculum. + + +Head. +Slightly broader than mesonotum; vertex greenish with pink ocelli separated by a distance equal to two times the width of an ocellus. Each ocellus set on a wide black patch. Epicranial suture green. Antero-median ocellus in a frontal position. Compound eyes greenish, prominent, wider than long. Dorsal postclypeal area about three times shorter than width, flat horizontal and almost entirely black; anterior border slightly more prominent than curve of supra-antennal plate. Scape and supra-antennal plate yellowish with black ocular margin. Antennal flagella and pedicel black. Postclypeus yellowish slightly domed with four or five transversal grooves. Anteclypeus greenish with pale brownish margins only in lower half, hull entirely blackish. Rostrum with labrum, mentum and labium yellowish with darker sutures. Apex of rostrum reaching bases of mid trochanter. Gena and lorum yellow with a thin brown longitudinal line (length variable). + + +Thorax. +Pronotum longer than head, green with variable black ornamentations. Pronotal collar and lateral parts greenish with black posterior margin. Lateral and paramedian fissures black. Mesonotum green with three longitudinal black fascia. Median fascia reaching cruciform elevation. Lateral fascia terminating at beginning of anterior branch of cruciform elevation. Scutal depression with circular black patch. Metanotum greenish with blackish posterior margin. Cruciform elevation greenish, except blackish posterior branch and prolongation of median fascia. Opercula pinkish, paler than sternites 3 and 4, separated, as long as wide and domed, bearing scattered silver hairs on posterior margin. Opercula entirely covering tympanal cavity. + + +Wings. +Forewings hyaline with eight apical cells; venation yellowish except apical cells and part of ulnar cells, which are blackish; median and cubital anterior vein fused for +1 mm +by bases. Hindwings with six apical cells, reaching middle of forewings; venation blackish; vannus and jugum hyaline. + + +Legs. +Greenish with longitudinal black ornamentations. Forelegs with coxa green with black internal margin. Trochanters greenish with variable brownish ornamentations. Femurs greenish except anterior side which bears a wide longitudinal brown line. Femur bears three developed black spines. Primary spine strong and oblique, isolated, shorter than distance between base of primary and second spine. Secondary spine oblique much shorter than primary (<½). Apical spine oblique, shorter than second spine (> ½). + + +Abdomen. +Tergites 1 and 2 pinkish with large black posterior margin and black lateral side. Tergite 3 paler pinkish with slender median posterior black margin. Tergite 4 whitish with a complete thin black posterior margin. Tergites 5 to 7 entirely black; tergite 8 mostly pinkish with not well defined black spot. Timbals bear series of two short ribs and three long ribs connected by a dorsal bar and running dorsoventrally to the timbal plate. Sternites 2, 3 and 4 entirely pinkish; sternite 5 pale pink and black in median posterior half, sternites 6 and 7 entirely blackish; sternite 8 pale pinkish. + + +Genitalia. +Pygofer whitish slightly curved with a non-prominent rounded upper lobe distant from dorsal beak. Basal lobe almost insignificant. Dorsal beak black and sharp. Median lobe of uncus rectangular and flat. Thecal pseudoparameres of aedeagus yellow, filiform and much smaller than theca. Claspers whitish, well developed, large, dominant, restraining aedeagus, lobe-like, flat, wide in lateral view, outer face with an overhanging lip along margin; unfused; distally parallel to each other; their apices not widely separated; apically obtuse. + + + +FIGURE 8. + +Poviliana montrouzieri +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, pygofer lateral view of holotype male (Photography: Quentin Delorme, IAC) + + + + +FIGURE 9. + +Poviliana montrouzieri +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, pygofer ventral view of holotype male (Photography: Quentin Delorme, IAC) + + + +Song patterns. +Calling song ( +Fig. 10 +) is composed of calls lasting between 8 or 10 seconds. Each call is separated by a silence lasting between 7 to 11 seconds (A) and is formed by four sequences (B & C). The first sequence lasting about 1.5 second is composed by a regular succession of echemes emitted at a rate of about 30 per second. The second sequence, lasting about 4 or 5 seconds, shows a progressive acceleration of the rate of echeme emission to reach a maximal rate of about 105–110 echemes per second. Third sequence, lasting about 2 seconds, is composed by groups of three echemes emitted at a rate of 18 or 19 groups per second. The last sequence shows a similar acceleration as the second sequence but much shorter. At most of the time, the calling song ends with one or two groups of three echemes. All sequences cover frequencies from 7.5 to 20 kHz with main energy between 14.5 and 16 kHz and a maximum of energy at 15 kHz (fig. 10-D). + + +The calling song of + +P. montrouzieri + +is close to + +P. sarasini + +because of the similar acceleration in the rate of echemes emission. It differs mainly by the presence of a third sequence composed by a succession of groups of three echemes. + + + + +Distribution. +Central mountain chain of +New Caledonia +( +Fig. 11 +) + + +Derivation of name. +The species is dedicated to the Reverend Father Xavier Montrouzier ( +1820-1897 +) who first studied cicadas in +New Caledonia +in 1861. + + +Habitat and ecology. +Like + +Poviliana sarasini +, +P. vicentiensis + +and + +P. dayubiikii +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +, + +P. montrouzieri +Delorme + + +sp. nov. + +inhabits primary rainforest undergrowth and behaves exactly like the previous described species. + + +Distribution range of each species. +The figure 9 illustrates the non-sympatric distribution of + +Poviliana + +species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/79/10/167910F10038A3D262F91FA4E8E02EF1.xml b/data/16/79/10/167910F10038A3D262F91FA4E8E02EF1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4498ea23948 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/79/10/167910F10038A3D262F91FA4E8E02EF1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Nemeritis silvicola Horstmann, 1973 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/79/87/167987B6FD0CFFB8FF30FDE5FBCDFD6A.xml b/data/16/79/87/167987B6FD0CFFB8FF30FDE5FBCDFD6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..46987de099b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/79/87/167987B6FD0CFFB8FF30FDE5FBCDFD6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,816 @@ + + + +Review of the genus Hofmaenneria Gerlach, Meyl 1957 (Nematoda, Monhysterida) + + + +Author + +Gagarin, V. G. + + + +Author + +Naumova, T. V. + +text + + +Amurian Zoological Journal + + +2022 + +XIV + + +1 + + +131 +138 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/2686-9519-2022-14-1-131-138 + +journal article +10.33910/2686-9519-2022-14-1-131-138 +add_ISSN_here +11362167 +5F328DE5-EE5A-4783-AFA7-72410F021BD9 + + + + + + +РоΑ + +Hofmaenneria +Gerlach, Meyl 1957 + + + + +Δиагноз (по: Coomans, Eyualem Abebe 2005, с ΑобавΛениями). ΔΛина теΛа от 370 Αо 2300 мкм. КутикуΛа сΛабокоΛьчатая. Шесть внутренних губных сенсиΛΛ в форме папиΛΛ. Шесть внешних губных сенсиΛΛ и четыре гоΛовные сенсиΛΛы в форме тонких щетинок. СубцефаΛические и шейные щетинки отсутствуют. Фовеи амфиΑов в форме круга, у самцов они крупнее, чем у самок (поΛовой Αиморфизм). Стома широкая, циΛинΑрическая иΛи бокаΛовиΑная. Фаринкс расширяется к своему основанию, но не формирует буΛьбус. МаΛенькие зубчики могут присутствовать в переΑней части фаринкса. ГонаΑа у обоих поΛов оΑна, переΑняя и распоΛожена справа от среΑней кишки. СпикуΛы стройные, вентраΛьно изогнуты. РуΛек маΛенький, без ΑорсаΛьного отростка иΛи отсутствует. КутикуΛа переΑ кΛоакой может иметь грубую коΛьчатость. Хвост у обоих поΛов стройный, уΑΛиненно-конический. Щетинки на терминусе хвоста отсутствуют. + + + +Типовой виΑ +: + +H. brachystoma + +(Hofmänner in +Hofmänner et Menzel 1914 +) Gerlach et Meyl 1957. + + +Δругие виΑы: + +H. elongata +Gagarin 1987 + +, + +H. gratiosa +Alekseev 1983 + +, + +H. hazanensis +Mulvey 1969 + +, + +H. keoladeoensis +Khan, Hussain, Sultana et Tahseen 2005 + +, + +H. longicaudata +Gagarin 1999 + +, + +H. longispiculata +Gagarin, Naumova 2010 + +, + +H +. +niddensis +(Skwarra 1929) + +, + +H. obesa +Gagarin, Naumova 2010 + +, + +H. optata +Alekseev 1983 + +, + +H. sitnikovae +Gagarin, Naumova 2010 + +. + + +РоΑ + +Hofmaenneria + +морфоΛогически бΛизок к роΑам + +Sphaerotheristus +Timm +1968 и + + +Subsphaerolaimus +Lorenzen 1978 + +. От первого отΛичается структурой стомы (цеΛьная, не разΑеΛена на Αва отΑеΛа), отсутствием заΑнего мешка матки и отсутствием терминаΛьных щетинок на хвосте. От + +Subsphaerolaimus + +отΛичается структурой стомы (цеΛьная, не разΑеΛена на три отΑеΛа), отсутствием субцефаΛических щетинок, наΛичием тоΛько оΑного семенника и отсутствием терминаΛьных щетинок на хвосте. Ниже привоΑится табΛица основных морфоΛогических признаков виΑов роΑа + +Hofmaenneria + +, рисуночный и Αихотомический кΛючи ΑΛя опреΑеΛения виΑов роΑа. + + +Àихотомический кΛюч ΑΛя опреΑеΛения + + + +виΑов роΑа + +Hofmaenneria +Hofmänner + + + + + +in +Hofmänner et Menzel 1914 + + + + + + + +1. ΔΛина теΛа менее 690 мкм............ 2 + + +— ΔΛина теΛа боΛее 690 мкм............ 4 + + + + + +2. Отношение расстояния от фовеи амфиΑов Αо переΑнего конца теΛа к Αиаметру обΛасти губ 1,9; отношение внешних губных щетинок к Αиаметру обΛасти губ 0.5...................... + +H. brachystoma + + + + +— Отношение расстояния от фовеи амфиΑов Αо переΑнего конца теΛа к Αиаметру обΛасти губ боΛее 2,2; отношение внешних губных щетинок к Αиаметру обΛасти губ 0,65–0,7....................... 3 + + + + + +3. ΔΛина теΛа 370–460 мкм, +с += 4,0–4,6, +с +ʹ = 15........................ + +H. hazanensis + + + + + +— ΔΛина теΛа 391–483 мкм, +с += 3,3–3,4, +с +ʹ = 18,7–20,6............. + +H. longicaudata + + + + + + + +4. ТеΛо очень тонкое и ΑΛинное ( +a += 71–80, L = 2030–2060), +c +ʹ = 12–13.............................. + +H. elongata + + + + + +— ТеΛо среΑней тоΛщины иΛи тоΛстое ( +a +˂ 57) ............................... 5 + + + + + +5. ПрекΛоакаΛьная грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы у самцов имеется............. 6 + + +— ПрекΛоакаΛьная грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы у самцов отсутствует......... 8 + + + + + +6. ΔΛина теΛа 1018–1128 мкм, ΑΛина спикуΛ 36 мкм................. + +H. niddensis + + + + +— ΔΛина теΛа менее 1000 мкм, ΑΛина спикуΛ менее 36 мкм..................... 7 + + + + + +7. ΔΛина теΛа 690–860 мкм, ΑΛина руΛька 26–27 мкм, +с += 5,5–5,8....... + +H. gratiosa + + + + + +— ΔΛина теΛа 880–920 мкм, ΑΛина руΛька 33 мкм, +с += 6,0–6,7............. + +H. optata + + + + + + +8. ΔΛина спикуΛ боΛее 60 мкм, ΑΛина внешних гоΛовных щетинок равна иΛи боΛее 13 мкм................................ 9 + + +— ΔΛина спикуΛ менее 60 мкм, ΑΛина внешних гоΛовных щетинок равна иΛи менее 10 мкм........................ 10 + + + + + +9. ΔΛина спикуΛ 97–112 мкм, ΑΛина внешних губных щетинок 17–23 мкм, руΛек присутствует......... + +H. longispiculata + + + + + +— ΔΛина спикуΛ 65–79 мкм, ΑΛина внешних губных щетинок 13–15 мкм, руΛек отсутствует.................... + +H. obesa + + + + + + + +10. ΔΛина спикуΛ 23–25 мкм, ΑΛина внешних губных щетинок 9–10 мкм......................... + +H. keoladeoensis + + + + + +— ΔΛина спикуΛ 45–50 мкм, ΑΛина внешних губных щетинок 6,0–7,0 мкм............................ + +H. sitnikovae + + + + + + + + + +H. brachystoma + +(Hofmänner in +Hofmänner et Menzel 1914 +). ТеΛо сравнитеΛьно короткое и стройное ( +L += 450–690 мкм, +а += 25–40) (табΛ. 1). Фовеи амфиΑов ΑовоΛьно ΑаΛеко распоΛожены от переΑнего конца теΛа. Хвост сравнитеΛьно ΑΛинный и стройный ( +с += 5,8–6,4, +с +ʹ = 8,1). У самцов переΑ кΛоакой набΛюΑается грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы (рис. 1). ВиΑ ΑовоΛьно часто встречается в пресных воΑоемах. НайΑен на территории +Швейцарии +, +Сербии +, Δании, +Германии +и +Австрии +( +Gerlach, Riemann 1973 +). +В +России +зарегистрирован в Рыбинском и Шекснинском воΑохраниΛищах и в оз. Кубенское (ВоΛогоΑская обΛ.) (Гагарин 1993). НайΑен также в +Армении +в оз. Севан (Гагарин, Акопян 1991). + + + +H. elongata +Gagarin 1987 + +. Известны тоΛько самки. ТеΛо крупное и тонкое ( +L += 2030–2060 мкм, +а += 71–80). Хвост стройный ( +с +ʹ = 12–13). Внешние губные щетинки ΑΛинные (их ΑΛина 12 мкм, что составΛяет 0,6–0,7 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). ВиΑ описан из реки ПарабеΛь (приток р. Обь, Сибирь, +Россия +) (Гагарин 1987) и боΛьше нигΑе не регистрироваΛся. + + + +H. gratiosa + +АΛексеев 1983. ТеΛо среΑней ΑΛины, тонкое ( +L += 690–860 мкм, +a += 36–44). СпикуΛы сравнитеΛьно короткие (их ΑΛина 26–27 мкм). ПереΑ кΛоакой набΛюΑается грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы. ВиΑ описан из оз. Ханка ΔаΛьний Восток, +Россия +(АΛексеев 1983). + + + +H. hazanensis +Mulvey 1969 + +. Известны тоΛько самки. ТеΛо короткое и тонкое ( +L += 370–460 мкм, +а += 4,0–4,6, +с +ʹ = 15) (табΛ. 1). Внешние губные щетинки ΑΛинные, равны 0,7 Αиаметра обΛасти губ. Фовеи амфиΑов распоΛожены сравнитеΛьно ΑаΛеко от переΑнего конца теΛа (на расстоянии, равном 2,2 Αиаметра обΛасти губ) (табΛ. 1). ВиΑ описан из реки в арктической обΛасти КанаΑы (Mulvey 1966). + + + +H. keoladeoensis +Khan, Hussain, Sultana et Tahseen 2005 + +. ТеΛо червей крупное и стройное ( +L += 1000–1240 мкм, +a += 43–57), хвост конусовиΑный ( +с +♀♀ += 5,94–6,12, +c +’ +♀♀ += 10.23–10.27, +c +♂♂ += 7,73–8,28, +c +’ +♂♂ += 6,50–7,35). Внешние губные щетинки крупные, хорошо развитые, равны Αиаметру обΛасти губ (9–10 мкм). СпикуΛы самцов короткие (23–25 мкм), руΛек 7–9 мкм. ВиΑ описан из почвы в национаΛьном парке КеоΛаΑео, ИнΑия ( +Khan, Hussain, Sultana et Tahseen 2005 +). + + + +H. longicaudata +Gagarin 1999 + +. Известны тоΛько самки. ТеΛо короткое и тонкое ( +L += 391–483 мкм, +a += 40–44). Хвост ΑΛинный и тонкий ( +с += 3,3–3,4, +c +’= 18,7–20,6). ВиΑ описан из поΑстиΛки сосновых Αеревьев в пос. Борок ЯросΛавской обΛасти, +Россия +(Gagain 1999). + + + +H. longispiculata +Gagarin, Naumova 2010 + +. ТеΛо ΑовоΛьно ΑΛинное ( +L += 1475–2257 мкм). Внешние губные щетинки ΑΛиной 16– 23 мкм. Фовея амфиΑов распоΛожена сравнитеΛьно бΛизко к переΑнему концу теΛа (на расстоянии, равном 0.7–0.9 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). Хвост сравнитеΛьно короткий и тоΛстый ( +с += 7,0–9,5, +с +ʹ = 5,3–6,5). Грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы переΑ кΛоакой отсутствует. СпикуΛы крупные, 97–112 мкм. РуΛек имеется. ВиΑ описан из оз. БайкаΛ ( +Россия +) ( +Gagarin, Naumova 2010b +). + + + +H. niddensis +( +Skwarra 1921 +) + +. ТеΛо среΑнего размера, стройное ( +L += 1018–1128 мкм, +а += 35–44). Хвост стройный (сʹ = 8,3–9,7). Внешние губные щетинки + +ΑΛинТабΛица 1 +Морфометрическая характеристика ваΛиΑных виΑов роΑа + +Hofmaenneria +Gerlach, Meyl 1957 + +(виΑы 1–6) + + + + + +Рис. 1. +Рисуночный кΛюч ΑΛя опреΑеΛения виΑов роΑа + +Hofmaenneria +Gerlach, Meyl, 1957 + +: +A, F, J, M, O, Q, T, U +— гоΛова самца; +C, G, K +— гоΛова самки; +B, I, N, P, R, V +— заΑний конец самца; +D, H, L +— заΑний конец самки; +E +— теΛо самца цеΛиком; +S +— теΛо самки цеΛиком + + +Fig. 1 +. Picture key for identifying species of the genus + +Hofmaenneria +Gerlach, Meyl, 1957 + +: +A,F, J, M, O, Q, T, U +— head of male; +C, G, K +— head of female; +B, I, N, P, R, V +— posterior body end of male; +D, H, L +— posterior body end of female; +E +— male, entire body; +S +— female, entire body + + + + +Тable 1 + + + +Morphometric characteristics of valid species of the genus + +Hofmaenneria +Gerlach, Meyl 1957 + +(species 1–6) + + + +Признак + + +1. + + +по + + +H. + + +Hofmaenner + + + +brachystoma + + + +1914 + + +2. + + +по + + +H +. + + +Гагарин + + +1987 + + + +elongata + + + +по + + +3 + + +АΛексеев + + +. + +H +. +gratiosa + + + +1983 + + + +hazanensis + + + +по 1969 + + +4 + + +Mulvey + + +. +H +. + + +по Khan 4. et +H +Tahseen., + +keoladeoensis +Hussain 2005 + +, Sultana + +longicaudata + +по 1999 Gagarin 6. +H +. + + +♂♂ +♀♀ +3♀♀ +2♂♂ +3♀♀ +4♀♀ +5♂♂ +3♀♀ +3♀♀ + + +L +, мкм 525–690 450–600 2030–2060 730–860 690–740 370–460 1000–1240 1130–1210 391–483 + + +a +25–40 25–40 71–80 43 36–44 46–55 47–57 43–48 40–44 + + +b +4,9–5,3 4,3–5,2 7,8–8,0 5,2 5,0–5,2 4,2–4,4 6,1–6,7 6,1–6,4 4,1–4,6 + + +c +5,8–6,2 5,9–6,4 7,4–7,8 5,8 5,3–5,5 4,0–4,6 7,7–8,3 5,7–6,1 3,3–3,4 + + +c +ʹ 8,1? 12,0–13,0 8,2–8,9 7,4–8,7 15,0 6,5–7,4 10,2–11,3 18,7–20,6 + +V + +, % –? 65 – 60–65 59–60 – 69–71 54–55 ΔΛина внешних губных щетинок, мкм?? 12 8–9 6? 9–10 9-10 3 Отношение ΑΛины внешних губных щетинок 0,5? 0,6–0,7 0,6 0,6–0,8 0,7 1,0 1,0 0,65–0,7 + +к Αиаметру обΛасти губ +Отношения расстояния от фовеи амфиΑов 1,9 2,0 1,0 1,5–1,7 1,5–2,1 2,2 1,5–2,0 1,5–2,0 2,2–2,4 Αо переΑнего конца теΛа к Αиаметру обΛасти губ +ΔΛина спикуΛ, мкм? – – 26–27 – – 23–25 – – НаΛичие руΛька – – – + – – + – – НаΛичие грубой коΛьчатости кутикуΛы переΑ + – – + – – – – – кΛоакой +Примечание:? — Αанных по этому признаку не имеется, «+» — присутствует, «–» — отсутствует. + +ТабΛица 1. Окончание (виΑы 7–11) Тable 1. Completion (species 7–11) + + +Признак 7. + +H.longispiculata + +8. + +H. niddensis + +9. + +H. obesa + +10. + +H. optata + +11. + +H. sitnikovae + + + + +по Gagarin, Naumova по Gerlach, Meyl по Gagarin, Naumova по АΛексеев 1983 по +Gagarin, Naumova 2010b +1957 +2010a 2010a + + + +8♂♂ +12♀♀ +1♂ +1♀ +2♂♂ +4♀♀ +1♂ +2♀♀ +2♂♂ +4♀♀ + + +L +, мкм 1475–1907 1791–2257 1128 1018 1452–1605 1761– 920 880–910 979–1356 946–1439 1989 + + +a +29–37 26–38 44 35 33–39 19–27 44 28–37 33–35 21–35 + + +b +4,5–5,2 4,2–5,9 5,4 5,5 5,3–5,4 5,3–6,1 4,8 3,8–3,9 4,8–6,5 4,4–5,0 + + +c +7,0–7,7 7,2–9,5 6,1 4,8 7,5–8,2 9,6–10,2 6,7 6,0–6,4 8,0–8,5 7,6–8,4 + + +c +ʹ 5,4–6,3 5,3–6,5 8,3 9,7 5,1–6,5 3,5–4,0 6,5 6,8–7,1 5,4–5,7 4,3–6,1 + + + +V + +, % – 66–68 – 61 – 67–68 – 65 – 65–69 + +ΔΛина внешних губных щетинок, мкм 17–23 16–23 13 13 14–15 13–15 8 8–10 6,0–6,5 6,0–7,0 +Отношение ΑΛины внешних губных 0,6–0,7 0,4–0,5 0,8 0,7 0,8 0,5–0,6 0,4 0,4–0,5 0,2–0,3 0,2–0,3 +щетинок к Αиаметру обΛасти губ +Отношения расстояния от фовеи 0,7–0,9 1,3–1,6 1,9 1,6 1,4–1,5 1,0–1,2 0,7 1,0 1,1–1,2 0,9–1,1 +амфиΑов Αо переΑнего конца теΛа +к Αиаметру обΛасти губ +ΔΛина спикуΛ, мкм 97–112 – 36 – 65–79 – 33 – 45–50 – +НаΛичие руΛька + – + – – – + – + – +НаΛичие грубой коΛьчатости кутикуΛы – – + – – – + – – – +переΑ кΛоакой + +ные (13 мкм, что равно 0,7–0,8 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). ПереΑ кΛоакой набΛюΑается грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы. ВиΑ описан из БаΛтийского моря ( +Skwarra 1921 +). Обнаружен также в пресных воΑоемах +Германии +( +Gerlach, Riemann 1973 +). + + + +H. obesa +Gagarin, Naumova 2010 + +. ТеΛо сравнитеΛьно ΑΛинное и тоΛстое ( +L += 1761–1989 мкм, +а += 19–39). Хвост сравнитеΛьно короткий и тоΛстый ( +с += 9,6–10,2, +с +ʹ = 3,5–4,0). СпикуΛы ΑΛиной 65–79 мкм. РуΛек отсутствует. Грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы переΑ кΛоакой отсутствует. ВиΑ описан из оз. БайкаΛ (Сибирь, +Россия +) ( +Gagarin, Naumova 2010a +). + + + +H. optata + +АΛексеев 1983. ТеΛо среΑнего размера ( +L += 880–920 мкм). ΔΛина внешних губных щетинок 8–10 мкм (0,4–0,5 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). Фовеи амфиΑов распоΛожены ΑовоΛьно бΛизко к переΑнему концу теΛа (на расстоянии, равном 0,7–1,0 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). ПереΑ кΛоакой набΛюΑается грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы. ВиΑ описан из оз. Ханка (ΔаΛьний Восток, +Россия +) (АΛексеев 1983). НайΑен также в оз. БайкаΛ (Сибирь, +Россия +) (Наумова, Гагарин 2019). + + + +H. sitnikovae +Gagarin, Naumova 2010 + +. ТеΛо среΑнего размера и тоΛщины. Хвост сравнитеΛьно короткий и тоΛстый (табΛ. 1). Внешние губные щетинки короткие (ΑΛиной 6,0–7,0 мкм, что равно 0,2–0,3 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). Фовеи амфиΑов распоΛожены сравнитеΛьно бΛизко к переΑнему концу теΛа (на расстоянии, равном 0,9–1,2 Αиаметра обΛасти губ). СпикуΛы ΑΛиной 45–50 мкм. РуΛек имеется. Грубая коΛьчатость кутикуΛы переΑ кΛоакой отсутствует. ВиΑ описан из оз. БайкаΛ (Сибирь, +Россия +) ( +Gagarin, Naumova 2010a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/79/C7/1679C7E441BF4887AEF378611D62FFA3.xml b/data/16/79/C7/1679C7E441BF4887AEF378611D62FFA3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a08e0218ab6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/79/C7/1679C7E441BF4887AEF378611D62FFA3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Preliminary study on the diversity of Orthoptera from Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo + + + +Author + +Tan, Ming Kai + + + +Author + +Abdul Wahab, Rodzay bin Haji + +text + + +Journal of Orthoptera Research + + +2018 + +27 + + +2 + + +119 +142 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24152 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.27.24152 +1937-2426-2-119 + + + + +11. +Aphonoides sp. +Fig. 10A + + + +Remarks.- + +A single specimen (a female) was collected from a tree trunk in the dipterocarp forest. It resembles congeners of +Aphonoides +by: inner tympanum open, but outer one obliterated, tegminal +Sc +with several normal branches, ovipositor with apex rounded, and with large teeth on hind and ventral surfaces ( +Gorochov 2006 +). Many species from Borneo were described without the females, so determination of the species name is not possible without the males. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7A/30/167A30D6A02A92475424B50D58F545F9.xml b/data/16/7A/30/167A30D6A02A92475424B50D58F545F9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a137fb1e47 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7A/30/167A30D6A02A92475424B50D58F545F9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +610 +650 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Liquidambar peregrina +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +2 + +: 999. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Canada." RCN: 7238. + + + + +Lectotype +(Reveal & al. in +Huntia 7 +: 223. 1987): +Kalm +, Herb. Linn. No. 1134.3 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Comptonia peregrina +(L.) J.M. Coult. + +( +Myricaceae +). + + + + +Note: +See discussion by Fernald (in +Rhodora +40: 411. 1938). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7A/47/167A474CCF0B5EE6A0FDFFAE17AAA106.xml b/data/16/7A/47/167A474CCF0B5EE6A0FDFFAE17AAA106.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..14d29d5b3ef --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7A/47/167A474CCF0B5EE6A0FDFFAE17AAA106.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +Austrelatus gen. nov., a new genus of Australasian diving beetles (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae), with the discovery of 31 new species from New Guinea + + + +Author + +Shaverdo, Helena +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5034-7342 +Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Burgring 7, 1010, Vienna, Austria +shaverdo@mail.ru + + + +Author + +Hajek, Jiri +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5779-1542 +Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusova 1740, CZ- 193 00 Praha 9 - Horni Pocernice, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Hendrich, Lars +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8366-0749 +SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Muenchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany & GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Surbakti, Suriani +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3984-2187 +Department of Biology, Universitas Cendrawasih, Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia + + + +Author + +Panjaitan, Rawati +Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, State University of Papua (UNIPA), Jalan Gunung Salju Amban, Manokwari 98314, West Papua, Indonesia + + + +Author + +Balke, Michael +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3773-6586 +SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Muenchhausenstrasse 21, D- 81247, Munich, Germany & GeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-07-19 + + +1170 + + +1 +164 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1170.103834 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1170.103834 +1313-2970-1170-1 +17F0C88A2F0B414AAA7C8B0AB89B6E6E +AB30D9571F635294A0C3C7126F1CAF36 + + + + +9. +Austrelatus garainensis +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 60 +, 64 +, 83 + + + +Type locality. + +Papua New Guinea: Morobe Province, Garaina, +07°51.032'S +, +147°07.007'E +, 720 m a.s.l. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +: male "Papua New Guinea: Garaina, 720 m, vi.2008, 07.51.032S 147.07.007E Ibalim & Sosanika PNG216" (ZSM). + + +Paratypes +: +PNG: Morobe +: 122 males, 96 females with the same label as the holotype (BMNH, NHMW, ZSM). For additional paratypes see Appendix 1. + + + +Description. + +Body size and form +: Beetle medium-sized, with oblong-oval habitus (Fig. +60 +). + + +Measurements +: TL 5.4-6.2 mm, TL-H 4.6-5.9 mm, MW 2.7-3.25 mm, TL/MW 2-2.07; PL 0.8-0.9 mm, PW 2.3-2.7 mm, PL/PW 0.33-0.35; DBE 0.9-1.05 mm, DBE/PW 0.39. + +Holotype: TL 6.2 mm, TL-H 5.6 mm, MW 3 mm, TL/MW 2.07; PL 0.85 mm, PW 2.55 mm, PL/PW 0.33; DBE 1 mm, DBE/PW 0.39. + +Colouration +: Dorsally piceous, with yellowish red head, pronotal sides and on elytron with three yellowish red basal spots or a posteriorly notched basal band, one apical spot, and often with narrow lateral band (Fig. +60 +). + +Head yellow to reddish brown, piceous narrowly behind eyes. Pronotum dark brown to piceous on disc and paler towards sides, broadly yellow to reddish brown on them. Elytron piceous, with three rather distinct, yellow to reddish brown spots on elytral base: one between striae 1 and 3, second between striae 5 and 7 and third between striae 9 and 11; usually two latter spots confluent forming a posteriorly notched basal band; first spot sometimes vague or absent, seldom confluent with second; elytron with a distinct, elongate, small to large apical spot; sometimes a narrow lateral band present, confluent with apical spot. Scutellum yellow to brown. Antennae, other head appendages, and pro- and mesolegs proximally yellow, distally yellowish red; metalegs yellowish red, darker distally. Venter with yellowish red prosternum, dark brown meso- and metaventrites and metacoxae, and reddish brown abdominal ventrites; abdominal ventrites 5 and 6 with a yellowish red lateral spot on each side. Teneral beetles paler. + +Surface sculpture +: Elytron with 11 distinct, complete dorsal striae; submarginal stria present: 11+1 (Fig. +60 +). + + +Head without strioles, with rather dense punctation (spaces between punctures 1-3 +x +size of punctures); punctures relatively fine (diameter of punctures equal to diameter of microreticulation cells); head with a row of coarse setigerous punctures along inner margin of each eye and a short row at frontal angle of each eye; a slightly longer puncture row forms fronto-clypeal depression at each head side; microreticulation weak. Pronotum with several weak strioles on sides or with numerous distinct strioles covering even disc, with numerous, fine longitudinal wrinkles at posterior margin; pronotal punctation finer and denser than on head; setigerous punctures form a row along pronotal margins, absent in posterior middle; disc of pronotum with indistinct longitudinal median scratch. Pronotum with fine microreticulation. Elytron with 11 distinctly impressed dorsal striae; striae complete, not reduced basally; striae 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 reduced apically; submarginal striae present, long, well-developed, reaching +1/2 +or more of elytron. Elytron with fine punctation and microreticulation. Ventral part with fine, inconspicuous punctation, invisible on metaventrite and metacoxae and weak on abdominal ventrites; prosternum smooth medially; metaventrite and metacoxae with weak microreticulation; on abdominal ventrites microreticulation almost invisible; metacoxal plates with numerous, strongly impressed longitudinal strioles, abdominal ventrites 1 and 2 with numerous, long, longitudinal strioles from margin to margin, on abdominal ventrites 3 and 4 strioles situated laterally and turn to middle, almost horizontal, abdominal ventrites 5 and 6 without strioles but with fine punctation that very sparse medially and forms a dense, rugose lateral area at each side. + + +Structures +: Head relatively broad. Pronotum short and broad; lateral margins distinctly convergent anteriorly. Base of prosternum broadly rounded anteriorly, convex medially; blade of prosternal process long, narrow, convex in middle. + + +Male +: Protibia straight, not modified. Proclaws rather long, subequal in length. Median lobe of aedeagus with two lobes of dorsal sclerite rather narrow; left dorsal lobe distinctly shorter that right one, with long lateral crest; apex of left dorsal lobe curved downwards and not to left; its dorsal surface without denticulation, it invisible in left lateral view due to strong curvature downwards; right dorsal lobe with distinct, but shallow, elongate median impression; apex of right dorsal lobe elongate, less swollen, rounded; lobes of ventral sclerite almost completely sclerotised, only with narrow membranous areas medially; sclerotised area of left ventral lobe as long as left dorsal lobe, with long, thin slightly curved to left apex, well visible in lateral left and ventral views; right ventral lobe with large sclerotised area, flat, not protruding, not covering left ventral lobe. Paramere with setae distinctly divided into distal and proximal; proximal setae sparser and shorter than distal (Fig. +64 +). + + +Female +: Dimorphic: with elytron punctate as in males or elytron with denser punctation and additionally to it with very tiny strioles between striae. There are no strongly striolated, matt forms. The striolated females very seldom, ratio: 26:2 in PNG220; 91:5 in PNG116; 46:11 in PNG117. + + + +Variability. +There is a variation in the body size, colouration and dorsal striolation. Pronotum with numerous strioles is characteristic for the specimens from Central Province (PNG183). These specimens are also the smallest ones. + + +Affinities. + +In body shape, elytral striolation and dorsal colouration, the species is similar to + +A. vague + +sp. nov. and + +A. kaszabi + +. The species can be distinguished from them by shape of its median lobe sclerites, especially by the strongly sclerotised ventral sclerite and the sclerotised area of the left ventral lobe very well visible in lateral left and ventral views, with its apex curved to left like a slight hook. + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after Garaina Village. The name is an adjective in the nominative singular. + + +Distribution. + +New Guinean endemic. The species is widespread in PNG: Morobe, EHL, Central, National Capital District, and Milne Bay provinces (Fig. +83 +). + + + +Habitat. +Unknown. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7A/75/167A75C2CDA601D4B014C84607B716D3.xml b/data/16/7A/75/167A75C2CDA601D4B014C84607B716D3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aaf82c4ce71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7A/75/167A75C2CDA601D4B014C84607B716D3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,841 @@ + + + +Revision der europäischen Gattungen und Arten der Familie Brachychthoniidae (Acari, Oribatei) Teil 2. Mixochthonius Niedbala, 1972, Neobrachychthonius nov. gen., Synchthonius v. d. Hammen, 1952, Poecilochthonius Balogh, 1943, Brachychthonius Berlese, 1910, Brachychochthonius Jacot, 1938 + + + +Author + +Moritz, M. + +text + + +Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin + + +1976 + +52 + + +227 +319 + + + + +http://unknown + +journal article +ORI10014 + + + + +Brachychochthonius suecicus Forsslund +, 1942 (Abb. 15, 16a bis d) + + + + +Brachychochthonius jugatus var. suecica Forsslund +, 1942: p. 8, Fig. 11. + + +Brachychthonius suecicus +: v. d. Hammen 1952, p. 19. + + +Brachychochthonius jugatus suecicus +: Sellnick i960, p. 82. + + +Brachychochthonius suecicus +: Moritz 1963, p. 154. + + +Brachychthonius jugatus suecicus +: Bulanova-Zachvatkina 1967, p. 117, Taf. 2, Fig. 20. + + +Brachychthonius jugatus +: Niedbala 1972d, p. 193, Fig. 16. + + +Brachychochthonius jugatus +: Niedbala 1974 a, p. 478, Fig. 24. + + + + +Forsslund (1942) hat +Brachychochthonius suecicus +als eine +Varietaet +des aus Nordamerika beschriebenen +Br. jugatus Jacot +betrachtet, gleichzeitig aber in seiner Beschreibung auf Unterschiede hingewiesen, die durchaus im Bereich der Artmerkmale liegen. Leider war es nicht +moeglich +, den Typus von +Brachychochthonius jugatus +in der Sammlung Jacot aufzufinden, so +dass +hier nur auf die Originalbeschreibung Bezug genommen werden kann. Hiernach unterscheidet sich die nordamerikanische Art von den schwedischen suecicus-Tieren 1. durch die Ornamentation auf dem Notogasterschild Na, hier ist das vordere mediane Feldpaar verschmolzen, 2. durch die +auffaellig +breiteten Notogasterborsten, deutlich ist dies an den Lateralborsten zu erkennen (Jacot 1938, Taf. 13, Abb. 10; unter +Umstaenden +liegt bei +Br. jugatus +sogar Heterotrichie vor, denn die medialen Dorsalborsten sind kurz und piliform gezeichnet), 3. durch das abweichende Rostrumprofil, das bei +Br. jugatus +im Bereich der Rostralhaare +staerker +halbkreisfoermig +aufgewoelbt +ist (Jacot 1938, Taf. 13, Abb. 11). + + +Da das Originalmaterial Jacots z. Z. nicht +ueberprueft +werden kann und eine Synonymisierung, nur auf der Grundlage von mehr oder weniger genauen Habitusbildern und kurzen Beschreibungen, nach dem heutigen Stand der Kenntnisse +ueber +die oft sehr diffizilen Artunterschiede nicht mehr +moeglich +ist, werden die +europaeischen +Exemplare aus den obengenannten +Gruenden +weiterhin als +selbstaendige +Art +Br. suecicus Forsslund +betrachtet. + + + + +Material: + +NRSt +: +2 Ad. +, +Holotypus +, +Paratypus +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 304b, mikroskop. +Praeparat +(sub +Brachychochthonius jugatus Jacot var. suecica +), +Schweden +, + +Vaesterbotten + +, +Degerfors +, + +Kulbaecksliden + +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +22. 7. 1936 + +. + +- + +NRSt +: +2 Ad. +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 287, 2 mikroskop. +Praeparate +, +Schweden +, +Uppland +, + +Linnes +Hammarby + +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +3. 6. 1936 + +. + +- + +NRSt +: +1 Ad. +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 444, mikroskop. +Praeparat +, +Schweden +, + +Helsingland + +, Delsbo, + +Oeveraelve + +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +30. 5. 1945 + +. + +- + +NRSt +: +1 Ad. +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 517H, mikroskop. +Praeparat +, +Schweden +, + +Vaesterbotten + +, + +Kulbaecksliden + +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +10.6.1951 + +. + +- + +NRSt +: +2 Ad. +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 526H, 2 mikroskop. +Praeparate +, +Schweden +, + +Vaesterbotten + +, + +Kulbaecksliden + +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +10. 6. 1951 + +. + +- + +NRSt +: +1 Ad. +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 527F, mikroskop. +Praeparat +, +Schweden +, +derselbe Fundort +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +10. 6. 1951 + +. + +- + +NRSt +: +1 Ad. +, Coll. Forsslund Mf 541F, mikroskop. +Praeparat +, +Schweden +, +derselbe Fundort +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +23. 6. 1951 + +. + + + + +ZMB +Nr. +446/S +: +5 Ad. +, +Schweden +, + +Haelsingland + +, Delsbo, + +Oeveraelve + +, +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +30. 5. 1945 + +et ded. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/B82 +: +5 Ad. +, DDR, +Bad Frankenhausen +, + +Suedrand +des Kyffhaeusergebirges + +, + +SO-exponierter Hang mit +Erika-Bestaenden +, Rohhumus + +, +M. Moritz +leg. + +10. 11. 1964 + +. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/B89 +: +3 Ad. +, DDR, +Bad Frankenhausen +, + +Suedrand +des +Kyffhaeusergebirges + +, +Graswurzelfilz +einer SO-exponierten Schrunde, +M. Moritz +leg. + +10. 11. 1964 + +. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/ B248 +: +2 Ad. +, DDR, +Tiefensee +Bezirk Frankfurt/Oder, +Traubeneichen-Linden-Buchenwald +am Gamensee +, Streuauflage, +M. Moritz +leg. + +10. 9. 1970 + +. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/B251 +: +19 Ad. +, DDR, + +Berlin-Buch + +, +Stieleichenaltbestand +, Streuauflage und Zersetzungshorizont, +M. Moritz +leg. + +1. 11. 1970 + +. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/B269 +: +23 Ad. +, DDR, +Feldberg +, Kreis Templin, + +Westufer des Schmalen +Luzin + +, +Buchen-Eichen-Erlenaltbestand auf SO-exponiertem Ufersteilhang +, Streuauflage und Zersetzungshorizont, +M. Moritz +leg. + +5. 9. 1974 + +. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/U 14 +: +3 Ad. +, +Ungarn +, + +Csevharaszt, 45 km +suedl +. Budapest + +, + +Buschsteppenwald der Pusta, Juniperus-Rohhumus auf +Flugsandduenen + +, +M. Moritz +leg. + +1. 10. 1964 + +. + +- + +ZMB +Nr. +446/U 23 +: +Ungarn +, +derselbe Fundort +, + +Stieleichenklimaxwald der Pusta, +Brachypodium-Rasen + +, +M. Moritz +leg. + +10. 10. 1964 + +. + + + +Holotypus +, Locus typicus: Der +Holotypus +befindet sich zusammen mit einem Paratypus als mikroskopisches +Praeparat +in der Coll. Forsslund, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet Stockholm. Die Exemplare wurden von Forsslund am 29. 1. 1951 in Polyvenylalkohol eingebettet. Die Exemplare sind leicht gequetscht und sehr stark aufgehellt, so +dass +die Kutikularskulpturen nur schwer erkennbar sind. + + +Der Locus typicus ist +Schweden +, + +Vaesterbotten + +, +Degerfors +, + +Kulbaecksliden + +, Mischwald vom Vaccinium-Typ, Zersetzungshorizont (F-Schicht), +K.-H. Forsslund +leg. + +22. 7. 1936 + +. + + + + +Beschreibung: Farbe hellgrau bis hellgelbbraun. Die Tiere machen einen robusten Eindruck. Die Dorsalornamentation ist +vollstaendig +ausgebildet. Die Medianfeldpaare zeigen keinerlei Verschmelzungstendenzen und sind eingestochen punktiert deutlich begrenzt. + + +Prodorsum im Profil auffallend hoch, bis zu den Lamellarhaaren von gleichbleibender +Hoehe +. Vor den Lamellarhaaren dann +ploetzlich +bis fast an die Rostralhaare +schraeg +abfallend. Im Profil werden zwischen Lamellar- und Rostralhaaren 2 hintereinanderliegende Einsenkungen deutlich, wodurch das Rostrum im Bereich der Rostralhaare sehr kurz wirkt und auch nicht +gleichmaessig +gewoelbt +erscheint wie bei den Vergleichsarten +Br. jugatus +und +Br. jacoti +. Vor den Rostralhaaren +faellt +das Rostrum dann fast senkrecht zum Rostralrand ab. Die predorsalen Felder sind +vollstaendig +entwickelt und auf der +Flaeche +grob punktiert. Ihre +Raender +sind +ausserdem +an der Innenseite durch grobe und dicht stehende Punktdellen besonders hervorgehoben. Durch diese Punktdellen bekommen die +Feldraender +einen unregelmaessigen, +wellenfoermigen +Verlauf. + + +Exobothridialhoecker +von normaler +Groesse +, deutlich erkennbar. Sensilluskeule eine schlanke Spindel, mit feinen Stachelspitzen in Zeilen zu 7 bis 12 (im Durchschnitt 8 bis 9) dicht besetzt. Das durchschnittliche +Laengenverhaeltnis +zwischen Keule und Stiel +betraegt +1,39. + + +Notogaster im +Verhaeltnis +zur +Laenge +relativ breit. Seine piliformen Borsten sind kurz und glatt. Nur die Schulterborsten c2 und c3 dorsal +haeufig +fein +gesaegt +. Die d1-Borsten erreichen in der Dorsalansicht gerade den Hinterrand des Notogasterschildes Na. Die Dorsalfelder sind wie auf dem Prodorsum grob punktiert. Die Innenkante ihrer +Raender +ist noch deutlicher als auf dem Prodorsum eingestochen punktiert, wodurch diese einen +fuer +diese Art charakteristischen +unregelmaessigen +, teilweise +wellenfoermigen +Verlauf zeigen. Der Kutikularring auf dem Notogasterschild Na ist +gross +und im +Umriss +unregelmaessig +. Die lateralen und medialen Rosettenfelder +koennen +zum Teil reduziert sein. + + +Das Pygidium im Profil stark gerundet und abfallend. In der Aufsicht wirkt es dadurch +verhaeltnismaessig +kurz. Die ps1-Borsten stehen deutlich weiter auseinander als die +uebrigen +Borsten der Medianpaare. + + + + +Systematische Stellung: +Brachychochthonius suecicus +ist in Europa sicher des +oefteren +mit dem sehr +aehnlichen +Br. jacoti (Evans) +verwechselt worden. +Br. jacoti +ist im Durchschnitt etwas kleiner. Klare Unterschiede bestehen aber in der Skulpturierung. Die Feldgrenzen von +Br. jacoti +sind nicht eingestochen punktiert, wodurch sie im Gegensatz zu +Br. suecicus +glatt erscheinen. Die Punktierung der Felder ist nur angedeutet und dann sehr fein. Die Rosettenfelder auf dem Notogasterschild Na sind bei +Br. jacoti +vollstaendig +entwickelt, wodurch eine "geschlossene" Rosette entsteht. Der Kutikularring ist wesentlich kleiner als bei +Br. suecicus +. +Ueber +die Abgrenzung der +oekologischen +Ansprueche +beider Arten lassen sich zur Zeit keine genauen Angaben machen, da sie gemeinsam am selben Standort gefunden werden. + + + + + +Abb +. 15. +Brachychochthonius suecicus Forsslund +, Holotypus. + + + + +Abb +. 16. +Brachychochthonius suecicus Forsslund +, ZMB 446/B269. a Dorsalansicht, b Rostrum dorso-frontal, c Sensillus, d Lateralansicht. + + + + +Tabelle +13. +Brachychochthonius suecicus Forsslund +, 1942 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
EmTaCeDurchschnittMin.-Max.Holotypus
+Gesamtlaenge +167,3157,5 - 172,0167,5
+Laenge +Prodorsum +68,062,0 - 73,062,0
+Laenge +Na +42,540,0 - 45,042,5
Breite Prodorsum58,355,0 - 67,567,5
Breite Na82,275,0 - 92,592,5
+Sensilluslaenge +34,230,0 - 36,232,5
+Keulenlaenge +19,917,5 - 22,020,0
Keulenbreite3,43,0 - 3,7-
Abstand ro12,611,2 - 14,012,0
Abstand la19,214,5 - 21,014,5
Abstand ila23,721,2 - 25,0-
Abstand c127,025,0 - 30,025,0
Abstand e124,322,0 - 27,022,5
+Laenge +ro +13,812,5 - 15,013,7
+Laenge +la +9,27,0 - 10,0-
+Laenge +ila +7,56,5 - 8,0-
+Laenge +c1 +8,47,5 - 10,0-
+Laenge +e1 +14,913,0 - 15,715,0
Abstand la: ro1,52EmTaCe1,28
Abstand ila: la1,23EmTaCe-
+Laenge +e1: Na +0,35EmTaCe0,35
+Laenge +Na: Abstand la +2,21EmTaCe2,93
+Laenge +Na: Abstand c1 +1,57EmTaCe1,75
+ + + + +Br. suecicus +ist weit verbreitet und besiedelt in geringer Abundanz vor allem die unteren Schichten der humosen Bodenauflage acidophiler Laub- und Mischwaldstandorte Mittel-und Nordeuropas. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7A/8E/167A8EAC8F15A4F256068C490219773F.xml b/data/16/7A/8E/167A8EAC8F15A4F256068C490219773F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..becbbc07251 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7A/8E/167A8EAC8F15A4F256068C490219773F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Afrotropical Laccophilus Leach, 1815 (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae) + + + +Author + +Bistroem, Olof + + + +Author + +Nilsson, Anders N. + + + +Author + +Bergsten, Johannes + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +542 + + +1 +379 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.542.5975 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.542.5975 +1313-2970-542-1 +026407877355425BAB10BF1674510F12 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Dytiscidae + + + +Laccophilus conjunctus Guignot, 1950 +Figs 154-155, 337-338, 483-484, 567 + + + + +Laccophilus lineatus ab. conjunctus +Guignot 1946c +: 264 (description, faunistics). + + +Laccophilus conjunctus +Guignot 1950b +: 272 (original description, faunistics, discussion); +Guignot 1953b +: 236 (discussion); +Guignot 1954 +: 24 (faunistics); +Guignot 1959a +: 534, 537, 541, 542, 578 (description, discussion, faunistics); +Medler 1980 +: 155 (catalogue, faunistics); +Nilsson 2001 +: 242 (catalogue, faunistics); +Nilsson 2015 +: 210 (catalogue, faunistics). + + + +Type locality. + +Cameroon: +Yaounde +. + + + +Type material studied + +(4 exs.). Lectotype (by present designation): male: "Cameroun +Yaounde +Vadon! / male symbol / Type" (MNHN). - Paralectotypes: Same data as lectotype but "female symbol / Paratype" (1 ex. MNHN; habitus in Fig. 484); same data as preceding paralectotype but labelled +"Ebolowa" +(1 ex. MNHN); "Nanga-Eboko Cameroun II. 1937 - Andr. / female symbol / Paratype" (1 ex. MNHN; habitus in Fig. 483). + + + +Additional material studied + +(7 exs.). Zaire: "PNG, Morubia/9, 12.3. 1952 De Saeger, 3187" (3 exs. MRAC, 1 ex. MZH); same data but "II/gd/11, 10.4. 1952, 3314" (1 ex. MRAC, 1 ex. MZH); same data but +"Pali'' +/11, 25.7. 1952, 3831" (1 ex. MRAC). + + + +Diagnosis. + +Close to +Laccophilus necopinus +and especially to +Laccophilus adjutor +, from which +Laccophilus conjunctus +is separated by smaller body size and by dorsal colour pattern; elytral pale areas strongly reduced in +Laccophilus conjunctus +. Penises of +Laccophilus adjutor +and +Laccophilus conjunctus +are almost similar, but minor differences exhibited in shape and outline of extreme apex; almost obtuse in +Laccophilus conjunctus +vs. rounded in +Laccophilus adjutor +. External outline of membranous area in apical half of penis shows also minor differences, being slightly sinuate in +Laccophilus adjutor +. Further studies will show if the two species are conspecific. + + + +Description. +Body length 3.2-3.5 mm, width 1.7-1.9 mm. Dorsal, colour pattern of body slightly variable; pale areas reduced to a few spots and a subbasal area (Figs 483-484). + +Head: Ferrugineous, frontally narrowly slightly paler. At eyes with irregular, fine punctures. Submat, densely microsculptured. Reticulation indistinctly double. Coarser +meshes +in part strongly obliterated; indistinct. Coarse meshes, when discernible, contain 2-6 fine meshes. + +Pronotum: At base and anteriorly darkened, blackish to dark ferrugineous; laterally and towards frontal corners pronotum paler; pale ferrugineous. Change of colour sometimes gradual. Pronotum discally impunctate. At margins with very fine, hardly discernible punctures. Submat, finely and densely microsculptured. Reticulation double. Large meshes distinct; contain 2-6 fine meshes. +Elytra: Extensively black to blackish ferrugineous, with somewhat variable pale ferrugineous to ferrugineous markings (Figs 483-484). Discally, dorsolaterally and laterally with scattered very fine punctures (not forming distinct rows). Submat, distinctly microsculptured. Reticulation double but large meshes fine, in part (laterally and posteriorly) hardly discernible or absent. +Ventral aspect: Black to dark ferrugineous, prothorax pale, ferrugineous to pale ferrugineous. Almost impunctate. Rather shiny, extensively with very fine, in part indistinct, microsculpture. Metacoxal plates with about 10 indistinct and shallow furrows, most of which are transversely located. Abdomen in basal half with curved striae. Apical ventrite asymmetric, with one, distinct, lateral knob (Fig. 154). Prosternal process slender, apex extended and pointed. +Legs: Pro- and mesotarsus rather long and slender. Tarsi provided with suckers. +Male genitalia: Penis delicate, in lateral aspect slightly curved; apically penis ends in a small extension (Figs 337-338). +Female: Apical ventrite lacks knob; as in Fig. 155. Pro- and mesotarsus slender. + + +Distribution. + +Cameroon, Zaire (Fig. 567). +Medler (1980) +gives Nigeria. + + + +Collecting circumstances. +Unknown. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7A/9D/167A9D8BFE058496025A80250E1BD7E7.xml b/data/16/7A/9D/167A9D8BFE058496025A80250E1BD7E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f2fe260650 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7A/9D/167A9D8BFE058496025A80250E1BD7E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +The high alpine bee fauna (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of the Zillertal Alps, Austria + + + +Author + +Bossert, Silas + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1115 +1115 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1115 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1115 +1314-2828-2-1115 + + + + +Nomada panzeri Lepeletier, 1841 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: sitting on a branch between flowers of Rhododendronferrugineum L.; recordedBy: +S. Bossert +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +1 female +; Location: country: +Austria +; stateProvince: Tyrol; locality: +Zemmgrund +; verbatimElevation: 2120 m; decimalLatitude: +47.028004 +; decimalLongitude: +11.822377 +; Event: samplingProtocol: +manual catch +; eventDate: +07-08-12 +; habitat: alpine meadow / dwarf shrub community + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: hovering over the ground and probably searching for a nest; recordedBy: +S. Bossert +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +1 female +; Location: country: +Austria +; stateProvince: Tyrol; locality: +Zemmgrund +; verbatimElevation: 1675 m; decimalLatitude: +47.032230 +; decimalLongitude: +11.778400 +; Event: samplingProtocol: +manual catch +; eventDate: +07-08-13 +; habitat: alpine pasture + + + + +Distribution + +Northern, western and central Europe ( +Scheuchl 1995 +). + + + +Notes + +Following host species are mentioned in +Scheuchl (1995) +: +Andrena fucata +, +Andrena helvola +, +Andrena lapponica +and +Andrena synadelpha +. The species is extremely variable in size and color (Fig. 5). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7B/10/167B10FB98E05B078EBE2C7A6AEF0ED0.xml b/data/16/7B/10/167B10FB98E05B078EBE2C7A6AEF0ED0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4d8582e5b79 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7B/10/167B10FB98E05B078EBE2C7A6AEF0ED0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,181 @@ + + + +A metabarcode based (species) inventory of the northern Adriatic phytoplankton + + + +Author + +Grizancic, Lana +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Baricevic, Ana +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7082-1977 +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia +ana.baricevic@cim.irb.hr + + + +Author + +Smodlaka Tankovic, Mirta +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Vlasicek, Ivan +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Knjaz, Mia +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Podolsak, Ivan +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Kogovsek, Tjasa +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Pfannkuchen, Martin Andreas +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-4716 +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + + + +Author + +Maric Pfannkuchen, Daniela +Ruder Boskovic Institute, Centre for Marine Research, Rovinj-Rovigno, Croatia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-09-25 + + +11 + + +106947 +106947 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e106947 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e106947 +1314-2828-11-e106947 +B005756426015E699E0F2FCF10539A42 + + + + +Coscinodiscus wailesii Gran & Angst, 1931 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +individualCount: +4 +; occurrenceID: +343AFE8E-DF32-519D-950D-7B6018B6B0AD +; + +Location +: + +waterBody: +Adriatic Sea +; country: +Croatia +; locality: +RV001 +; verbatimDepth: + +0-25 m + +; minimumDepthInMeters: 0; maximumDepthInMeters: 25; locationRemarks: +Long +term observatory; verbatimLatitude: +45 4 48N +; verbatimLongitude: 13d 36' 36'' E; verbatimSRS: WGS84; coordinatePrecision: 0.00001 + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +individualCount: +5 +; occurrenceID: +5F91517A-2443-56AA-B82D-8CB6B3C07D62 +; + +Location +: + +waterBody: +Adriatic Sea +; country: +Croatia +; locality: +RV004 +; verbatimDepth: + +0-25 m + +; minimumDepthInMeters: 0; maximumDepthInMeters: 25; locationRemarks: +Long +term observatory; verbatimLatitude: +45 3 42.66N +; verbatimLongitude: 13d 32' 56.976'' E; verbatimSRS: WGS84; coordinatePrecision: 0.00001 + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7B/53/167B531369F04797174A5FCCAF70E747.xml b/data/16/7B/53/167B531369F04797174A5FCCAF70E747.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f746d374e27 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7B/53/167B531369F04797174A5FCCAF70E747.xml @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Curculio dispar +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + + +C. longirostris, femoribus dentatis, elytris emarginatis rubro-striatis. +M. L. U. + + + + +Habitat in +Indiis. + + + + + +Antennae +filiformes. Corpus nigrum. + +Femina +rostro brevi +valide forcipato. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7B/87/167B879D0C3FFFB1FF17F938FD4CFCE9.xml b/data/16/7B/87/167B879D0C3FFFB1FF17F938FD4CFCE9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90be01c55ff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7B/87/167B879D0C3FFFB1FF17F938FD4CFCE9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,336 @@ + + + +Description of a new water mite of the genus Utaxatax (Acari, Hydrachnidia: Anisitsiellidae) from Kazakhstan + + + +Author + +Tuzovskij, Petr V. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2020 + +2020-10-13 + + +4860 + + +3 + + +445 +450 + + + +journal article +9091 +10.11646/zootaxa.4860.3.9 +0bce98a9-eaaf-46ca-abf9-fe0c94e1779c +1175-5326 +4414117 +3BFABACA-FB73-45B1-A33A-F4EFC4D1379A + + + + + + + +Utaxatax (Utaxatax) stolbovi + +sp. n. + + + + + + +( +Figs 1 +–13) + + + + +Type series. + +Holotype +: female, slide 9915, +Asia +, +Kazakhstan +, +Turkestan Province +, +Tyulkubaskiy District +, +Aksu-Zhabagly Nature Reserve +, stream +Taldybulak +, +42°25’01.9”N +70°28’22.3”E +, + +1230 m + +, depth +30–40 cm +, ground: stones, mosses, + +10.08.2019 + +, leg. +V +. Stolbov + +. + +Paratypes +: +3 males +, same locality + +and data as holotype +. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Dorsal plate large, with five pair of setae; eye-lenses on frontal platelets; excretory pore fused with ventral shield; setae +Ci +and +Se +located in the soft interscutal membrane; insertion of IV-Legs situated postero-laterally to insertions of III-Legs; P-3 ventral seta longer than ventral seta(e) on P-2 and P-4; IV-leg-6 with long terminal seta. + + + + + +Description. +Both sexes + +. Contour of idiosoma egg-shaped ( +Fig. 1 +). Dorsal shield large and elongate (L/W ratio 1.52–1.66), with rounded anterior and posterior margins, bearing trichobothria +Oi +and four pairs of setae ( +Vi, Oe, Hi, Sci +). In the frontal membranous space a pair of transverse platelets ( +Fig. 3 +) bearing the seta +Fch +, trichobothrium +Fp +and lenses of lateral eyes each; +Fch +long and thick, +Fp +comparatively short, thin and three-furcated. Glandularia +Vi, Oe, Hi +and +Sci +located closely to lateral margins of the shield, trichobothria +Oi +located medially to +Oe +. Dorsal furrow wide, containing five pairs of setae ( +Ve, He, Sce, Li, Si +) and four pairs of slit organs ( +i2–i5 +), first pair ( +i1 +) free or associated with frontal platelets ( +Fig. 3 +). Dorsal surface of the shield with a fine porosity. + + +Anterior coxal groups separated medially and from the third coxal plates, but articular membrane very narrow, a curved suture line extending across third coxal plates immediately lateral to a pair of glandularia ( +Pe +); posterior coxal groups fused medially and with ventral shield ( +Fig. 2 +). Glandularia +Hv +located between coxal plates II and III laterally. Posterior part of the ventral shield bearing setae +Pi +and +Le +. Excretory pore fused with posterior margin of the ventral shield, flanking setae ( +Ci +) and +Se +located in the soft interscutal membrane. Insertion of IV-Legs situated postero-lateral to insertions of III-Legs. All coxal plates and posterior part of ventral shield with a fine porosity; in addition, surface of coxal plates IV with a few short strips. Genital field bearing three pairs of subequal acetabula flanking the gonopore and covered by paired of genital flaps when flaps are closed. + + +Capitulum ( +Fig. 4 +) with short rostrum, ventral margin slightly convex. Basal segment of chelicera ( +Fig. 5 +) with a well-developed dorsomedial processus, chela short and sickle-shaped. + + +Pedipalp ( +Fig. 6 +): P-1 short, with a single dorsodistal seta; P-2 large, with straight or slightly convex ventral margin, bearing five to six short, thick dorsal setae and one long, thick ventral seta; P-3 relatively short, with three to four thick dorsal setae various in length, and one long ventral seta which is longer than ventral seta(e) on P-2 and P-4; P-4 ventral margin with a slightly pointed projection, maximum height a little distally from segment centre. + + +Shape and arrangement of setae on leg segments as shown in +Figs 8–11 +. III/IV-Leg-1 subequal in size and larger than I/II-Leg-1. IV-Leg-6 with a rather long, thick distal seta (L45–50). Claws of legs I–II equal in shape, with long, pointed internal clawlet and short external clawlet, claw lamella slightly developed, with a ventral spur (Fig.13). Claws of legs III without sexual dimorphism, with long pointed internal clawlet and short external clawlet, claw lamella without ventral spur ( +Fig. 14 +). Leg III claws larger than other leg claws. + + + +FIGURES 1–2. + +Utaxatax +( +Utaxatax +) +stolbovi + + +sp.n +. + +, female: 1, dorsal view; 2, ventral view. Scale bar: 100 μm. + + + + +FIGURES 3–7. + +Utaxatax +( +Utaxatax +) +stolbovi + + +sp.n + +, adult: 3,anterior frontal platelet; 4, capitulum, lateral view; 5, chelicera; 6, pedipalp; 7, male; 3–6, female; 7, male.Scale bars: 3–6 = 50 μm, 7 = 100 μm. + + + + +FIGURES 8–11. + +Utaxatax +( +Utaxatax +) +stolbovi + + +sp.n +. + +, male: 8, leg I; 9, leg II; 10, leg. III; 11, leg IV; 12, claw of leg I; 13, claw of leg III. Scale bars: 8–11, 12–13 = 50 μm. + + + + +FIGURES 14–16. + +Utaxatax +( +Utaxatax +) +brahmeri + +., +female: 14, dorsal view; 15, pedipalp; 16, IV-Leg-1-6 (after +Panesar 2004 +). Scale bars: 100 μm. + + + +Female. +Genital field large, genital flaps elongate (L/W ratio 3.0), with parallel medial and lateral margins and bearing several fine setae each ( +Fig. 2 +). The fourth coxal plates a little extend posterior to the genital field. + + +Measurements (n=1). Idiosoma L 490, W 365; dorsal shield L 480, W 290; capitulum L 108; seta +Fch +45; coxal plates I ml 48; coxal plates III ml 63, W 125; coxal plates IV ml 185; distance between posterior margins: genital field to coxae IV 30; genital flaps L 150, W 50, genital acetabula (ac-1–3) L: 36, 36, 36; capitulum L 108; chelicera: basal segment105–110, chela 35–37; pedipalp segments (P–1–5) L: 24, 60, 42, 75, 21; leg segments L: I-Leg-1–6: 40, 40, 54, 50, 54, 63; II-Leg-1–6: 45, 54, 48, 60, 60, 66; III-Leg-1–6: 65, 45, 60, 90, 102, 85; IV-Leg-1–6: 54, 42, 60, 60, 54, 65. + + +M +ale. +Dorsal surface and ventral surface, except size and proportion of genital field, similar to female. Coxal plates IV very large, their posterior margins extending far posterior to the genital field ( +Fig.7 +). Measurements (n=3). Idiosoma L 470–480, W 390–395; dorsal shield L 420–450, W 270–280; seta +Fch +48–55; coxal plates I ml 48; coxal plates III ml 54–60, W 108–114; coxal plates IV ml 185–190; distance between posterior margins: genital field to coxae IV 65–72; genital flaps L: 90–102, W 33–36, genital acetabula (ac-1–3) L:28–30, 24–30, 24–30; capitulum L 95–102; chelicera: basal segment 105–110, chela 35–37; pedipalp segments (P–1–5) L: 21–24, 51–54, 30–35, 60–66, 18–19; leg segments L: I-Leg-1–6: 36, 54, 48, 48, 54, 65; II-Leg-1–6: 39, 60, 48, 54, 54–60, 60–66; III-Leg-1–6: 54–60, 48–54, 54–60, 80–85, 95–100, 72–78; IV-Leg-1–6: 54–60, 50–54, 54–60, 65–70, 65–85, 75–85. + + + + +Remarks. +The present species is similar to the Himalayan + +Utaxatax brahmeri + +Panesar, +2004 + + +in the contour of an idiosoma and structure of the fourth pair of coxal plates. Differences between the two species are found in the following characters (character states of + +U. brahmeri + +given in parentheses, data from +Panesar 2004 +): female fourth coxal plates extending a little posterior to genital field, +Fig. 2 +(well extending posterior to genital field, +Fig. 14 +); setae and glandularia +Ci +and +Se +located in the soft interscutal membrane (fused with posterior margin of ventral shield);P-3 ventral seta longer than ventral seta(e) on P-2 and P-4,(not longer than ventral seta(e) on P-2 and P-3, +Fig. 15 +); IV-leg-6 terminal seta long, +Fig. 11 +(comparatively short, +Fig. 16 +). + + + + + +Etymology +. + +The species is named after the collector, Dr. Vitaly Stolbov. + + +Habitat. +Running waters. + + + + +Distribution. +Asia, +Kazakhstan +: Turkestan Province. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7B/A8/167BA8998FD87DE3617039FCBD8C1857.xml b/data/16/7B/A8/167BA8998FD87DE3617039FCBD8C1857.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b313cd7999b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7B/A8/167BA8998FD87DE3617039FCBD8C1857.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part O) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +696 +717 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Onopordum acanthium +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +2 + +: 827. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Europae ruderatis, cultis." RCN: 5984. + + + + + +Lectotype + +(Danin in Davis, +Fl. Turkey +5: 368. 1975): Herb. Burser XXI 44 ( +UPS +) + +. + + + + + +Generitype + +of + +Onopordum +Linnaeus + +(vide Green, +Prop. Brit. Bot. +: 179. 1929). + + + + +Current name: + + +Onopordum acanthium + +L. + +( +Asteraceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7B/A9/167BA9D7C7C82E960D57124F6EDD77A9.xml b/data/16/7B/A9/167BA9D7C7C82E960D57124F6EDD77A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f08c3f61509 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7B/A9/167BA9D7C7C82E960D57124F6EDD77A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ + + + +New species of the catfish genus Trichomycterus (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from the headwaters of the rio São Francisco basin, Brazil. + + + +Author + +Wolmar Benjamin Wosiacki + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +592 + + +1 +12 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:003431F8-DD57-4C9A-ACF9-B7F180E65729 + +journal article +z00592p001 +7907434C-6261-48ED-9034-27A3F4115F6E + + + + +T. johnsoni + + + +MZUSP 59367 (1 ex.); + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7B/B0/167BB0B09675945336DD3C6B97CC55EB.xml b/data/16/7B/B0/167BB0B09675945336DD3C6B97CC55EB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f338f54cb68 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7B/B0/167BB0B09675945336DD3C6B97CC55EB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,575 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Onagraceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/onagraceae.html + +url + + + + + +Epilobium obscurum +Schreb. + + + + + + +Dunkelgruenes +Weidenroeschen + + + + + +Art ISFS: 148800 Checklist: 1016640 +Onagraceae +Epilobium +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +30-100 cm +hoch, oft +aestig +, + +Staengel +2- oder 4kantig, oben behaart, unten meist kahl, mit langen, +duennen +, +beblaetterten +Auslaeufern + +. +Blaetter +gegenstaendig +, oberste +wechselstaendig +, schmal-lanzettlich, fein +gezaehnelt +, +2-10 cm +lang, sitzend oder bis +2 mm +lang gestielt. +Kronblaetter +rot, +5-7 mm +lang, tief ausgerandet. + +Kelch am Grund mit einzelnen +Druesenhaaren +, Pflanze sonst +druesenlos + +. Narben +keulenfoermig +vereinigt. Samen stumpfwarzig. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 7-9 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Graeben +, +Tuempel +, +Waldschlaege +/ kollin-montan / CH + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Europaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +4w33-33 + 2.c-h.2n=36 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform Krautiger Chamaephyt, +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +1.3.3 - Kalkarme Quellflur ( +Cardamino-Montion +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +sehr feucht; Feuchtigkeit +maessig +wechselnd ( ++/- +1-2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl LhalbschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +maessig +naehrstoffarm +bis +maessig +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Epilobium obscurum +Schreb. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Dunkelgruenes +Weidenroeschen + +Nom +francais +: + +Epilobe +fonce + +Nome italiano: +Garofanino scuro + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Checklist 2017 + +148800
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +1275
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +1053
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +1053
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +148800
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Landolt 1977 + +2120
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Landolt 1991 + +1734
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +148800
= +Epilobium obscurum Schreb. + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +1105
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +potenziell +gefaehrdet +(Near Threatened) +B2ab(iii)
Mittelland (MP) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +potenziell +gefaehrdet +(Near Threatened) +B2ab(iii)
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/05/167C05C1B21D596AAF5596EFD9944E53.xml b/data/16/7C/05/167C05C1B21D596AAF5596EFD9944E53.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c897af8b0b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/05/167C05C1B21D596AAF5596EFD9944E53.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Diversity of an Odonata assemblage from a tropical dry forest in San Buenaventura, Jalisco, Mexico (Insecta, Odonata) + + + +Author + +Gonzalez Soriano, Enrique +Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico +esoriano@ib.unam.mx + + + +Author + +Noguera, Felipe +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4417-8436 +Estacion de Biologia Chamela, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, San Patricio, Jalisco, Mexico + + + +Author + +Perez-Hernandez, Cisteil X +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6698-2524 +Laboratorio de Ecologia de la Conducta, Facultad de Biologia, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-02-23 + + +12 + + +116135 +116135 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e116135 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e116135 +1314-2828-12-e116135 +59FE8C5E5FC45E64B6A50A96AC992F8F + + + + +Pantala hymenaea (Say, 1840) + + + +Distribution +San Buenaventura, Las Higueras, Jalisco, MX + + +Notes +Phenology in SBV: Aug (6) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/3B/167C3B6CDE2D25A49C3A4D2DA8C45FE7.xml b/data/16/7C/3B/167C3B6CDE2D25A49C3A4D2DA8C45FE7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..23d71b630f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/3B/167C3B6CDE2D25A49C3A4D2DA8C45FE7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Triraphis Ruthe, 1855 + + + +Notes + +species of +Triraphis +excluded from the British and Irish list: + + +[tricolor (Wesmael, 1838, +Pelecystoma +); syn. solitarius (Watanabe, 1970, +Pelecystoma +); synonymy by +Papp (1995a) +] Listed by +Huddleston (1978) +, probably on the basis of the host-parasitoid catalogue of +Morley and Rait-Smith (1933) +, but this publication included non-British rearings from +Lepidoptera +that occur in Britain and there is no evidence that tricolor, a parasitoid of +Apoda limacodes +(Hufnagel) ( +Lepidoptera +: +Limacodidae +), has ever been found in Britain or Ireland. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/54/167C5495AD3B889DD84FA5B9A9ADA93C.xml b/data/16/7C/54/167C5495AD3B889DD84FA5B9A9ADA93C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..82187bd9e3d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/54/167C5495AD3B889DD84FA5B9A9ADA93C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Scopesis fraterna (Holmgren, 1857) + + + + +Mesoleius fraternus +Holmgren, 1857 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/87/167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868.xml b/data/16/7C/87/167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..61db8f4d999 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/87/167C87BD0C7FE256FF5E957CA04DF868.xml @@ -0,0 +1,426 @@ + + + +Bedazzled: a new, striking species of Corades from the outskirts of Quito questions our knowledge of Andean cloud forest butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) + + + +Author + +Pyrcz, Tomasz W. +Department of Invertebrate Evolution, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland + + + +Author + +Boyer, Pierre +7 Lotissement l’Horizon, Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France + + + +Author + +Petit, Jean-Claude +15 rue Saint-Rieul, Hameau de Ducy, 60800 Fresnoy-le-Luat, France + + + +Author + +Garlacz, Rafał +Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland + + + +Author + +Zając- Garlacz, Kamila S. +Nature Education Centre, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 5, 30 - 387 Kraków, Poland + + + +Author + +Espeland, Marianne +Leibniz Institute for the Analysis for Biodiversity Change, Zoological Research Museum, Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 127, 53113 Bonn, Germany + + + +Author + +Willmott, Keith R. +McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Research Associate, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-05-20 + + +5453 + + +2 + + +255 +262 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5360.3.8 + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5453.2.6 +1175-5326 +11233954 +3F3C8CC0-A99E-4F51-9D14-982FE04E7EED + + + + + + + +Corades yanacocha +Pyrcz, Boyer & Petit + +sp. n. + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +033A295A-B327-498B-AC05-0519F1560FE7 + + + + +Diagnosis: This species is immediately recognized from all other congeners by the wide, brick-red transverse band of the upperside of both forewing and hindwing. + + +FIGURE 1. +ML COI based tree of + +Corades + +occurring in the northern Andes indicating the position of + +C. yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +with bootstrap values on the nodes. Values less than 70 are not shown. + + + +Description: MALE ( +Figs. 1 +, +2 +): Head: Eyes blackish brown, hairy, labial palpi two times length of head, covered dorsally with brown, ventrally with chestnut hairy scales. Antennae two-fifths length of costa, russet-brown, naked, club same colour but slightly darker. Thorax: dorsally black, mostly naked, sparsely hairy laterally; legs dark grey, sparsely covered with whitish scales and lighter-grey hair, silvery and denser on femur. Forewing (length: +33.6mm +, n=3) triangular with a subacute apex and a straight outer margin. Forewing upperside chocolate-brown in basal area, gradually turning darker brown, becoming black in submarginal and marginal areas, lustrous, densely hairy in basal half of space CuA2-1A/2A, with an approximately +3–4 mm +wide, slightly variable in width, wavy postdiscal to submarginal, brick-red band extending from subapical area where fading away and basally extending into a small, double yellowish costal patch, to anal margin. Fringes crimson red from apex to vein CuA1, sandy yellow from CuA1 to 1A/2A. Hindwing with a gently undulating outer margin with a long tail-like extension along vein CuA2. Hindwing upperside ground colour similar to forewing, chocolate-brown in basal area, gradually turning darker brown, black towards outer margin, densely hairy in median half and along anal margin, with a straight postdiscal-submarginal band, +4–5 mm +wide at vein Rs, gradually narrowing, reaching +2 mm +approaching anal margin. Fringes mostly sandy yellow from apex to vein M2, crimson red beyond. Forewing underside ground colour chocolate-brown, lighter along anal margin, veins dusted with orange, more intensely along discal vein, postdiscal-submarginal band shaped as on upperside but orange and not extending into subapical area beyond vein M2, except for costal patch, milky white with some orange dusting, larger than on upperside, entire subapical and apical area, and along outer margin as far as into space M3-CuA1 densely dusted with silver scales with an overlying pattern of brown ripples. Hindwing underside densely dusted with silver scaling over almost its entire surface, with an overlying pattern of brown ripples, except for two areas which are mostly free of it, forming a diffused dark brown median band, and a postdiscal band with diffused basal margin but a rather sharp, straight outer margin, area distally from it is lighter, lilac, forming a faint band roughly mirroring brick-red band on upperside with three minute white dots in spaces Rs-M1, M1-M2 and M2-M3, and a fourth one near tornus in CuA2-1A/2A. Abdomen: dorsally black, sparsely hairy, ventrally more densely covered with beige hair; Genitalia ( +Fig. 3 +): Tegumen slender and elongated, with a flat dorsum, extending into a massive, slightly down-curved uncus, about same length as tegumen, and stout subunci, about two-thirds length of uncus, adhered to its base, pedunculus short and blunt, vinculum slightly arched in lateral view, extending into a short saccus flattened dorso-ventrally, valvae slender and elongated, slightly longer than tegumen+uncus, with a serrate dorsum; aedeagus tubular, one-fourth shorter than valva, gradually narrowing towards apex, with a smooth surface. FEMALE: unknown. + + + +FIGURE 2. + +Corades yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +male, left: dorsal, right: ventral. + + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Corades yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +in the field (phot. Abigail de Pozo). + + + +COI barcodes data ( +Fig. 4 +) were obtained for two individuals of + +C. yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +They cluster with + +C. dymantis +Thieme, 1907 + +, but their branch support is low (below 70), and four other species of + +Corades +, + +i.e. + +C. tripunctata +Weymer, 1890 + +, + +C. chirone +Hewitson, 1863 + +, + +C. cybele +Butler, 1866 + +, and + +C. medeba +Hewitson, 1850 + +, all of which forming a fully supported clade sister to + +C. chelonis +Hewitson, 1863 + +. + + + +Types +: +Holotype +male: +Ecuador +, +Pichincha +, +Reserva Yanacocha +, +West of Quito +, +S0°7’2” +W78°35’11” +, + +3520m + +, + +11.XI.2023 + +, +P. Boyer +leg., +PBF + + +[to be deposited in +INABIO +]; +Paratypes +: + +1 +♂ + +: +Pichincha +, +Reserva Yanacocha +, +West of Quito +, +S0°7’2” +W78°35’11” +, + +3520m + +, + +9.XI.2023 + +, +P. Boyer +leg., +PBF + +, + +[currently in +PBF +]; + +1 +♂ + +: same locality but + +14.XI.2023 + +, +P. Boyer +leg. [currently in +PBF +]; + +2 +♂ + +: same locality, + +9.XI.2023 + +, J-C +Petit +leg. [currently in +JCP +]; + +1 +♂ + +: same locality, + +14.XI.2023 + +, J-C +Petit +leg. [currently in +JCP +] + +. + + +Etymology: This species name is derived from that of the +type +locality, the Reserva Yanacocha, currently the only locality from where it is known. + + +Bionomics: During the visit to the site when the +type +series was collected, 9 +th +to 14 +th +of +November 2023 +, the weather was favourable for cloud forest butterfly activity, at least in the morning, with long periods of sunshine between 8.00–11.30am. Later in the day clouds and fog covered the sun. All individuals of + +Corades yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +were observed along the forested part of the main trail, which contours around the west side of Volcán +Pichincha +, none in open areas or on secondary trails where the vegetation was dense. The part of the trail where the species was observed was in the shade until 10:00 am, which allowed us to make observations and captures only between 09.30 am–12.00 pm. In contrast, from 8:00 am onwards we observed many other butterflies hill-topping on a tree, in a sunny area just before the beginning of the forested part of the trail, including + +Pedaliodes +spp. + +, + +Daedalma inconspicua +Butler, 1866 + +, + +Steremnia +sp. + +, and especially + +Dione glycera +(C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861) + +, + +Catasticta tricolor +Butler, 1897 + +, and unidentified +Lycaenidae +. We also observed + +Corades chirone + +around the same tree. Males of + +C. yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +were attracted to rotting fish bait, like all other large +Pronophilina +. We observed + +C. yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +in several places along the main trail, but most individuals were in a small clearing at the beginning of the forested part, where we witnessed some territorial behaviour. +One male +in particular repeatedly returned to a single spot, usually a leaf or a twig at the tip of an isolated branch, where it would stay motionless until seeing another male or another butterfly flying by. Occasionally, males were observed flying down to the ground, but more often they flew and perched three or four meters above the ground. Males rested most of the time with their wings closed, which made them difficult to detect, but when the sun was shining they sometimes opened their wings, in a basking position, which is a frequent behaviour among cloud forest butterflies given low temperatures in the morning. + +Chusquea + +bamboo, which are the most likely host plants, considering that other + +Corades + +also feed on this genus ( + +Greeney +et al. +2010 + +; +Montero & Ortiz, 2014 +), were scarce, hidden in the forest along secondary trails, not far away from the clearing where adults were observed flying. On the other hand, we observed abundant canes which we considered first as likely host plants, because we could not locate any + +Chusquea + +in the area where adults of + +C. yanacocha + + +sp. n. + +were observed ( +Fig. 5 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33450674A7FEF20D0F99CF8A1.xml b/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33450674A7FEF20D0F99CF8A1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..97fc70a2ddf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33450674A7FEF20D0F99CF8A1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,315 @@ + + + +Notes on the subgenus Tectodamaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae), with the description of a new species from China + + + +Author + +Xie, Lixia + + + +Author + +Yang, Maofa + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2727 + + +56 +62 + + + +journal article +46912 +10.5281/zenodo.200065 +11a76e6e-2d1d-4483-ac43-1aab9e7c3179 +1175-5326 +200065 + + + + + + +Key to species of + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) + + + + + + + + +1 Spinae adnatae present................................................................................. 2 + + +- Spinae adnatae absent.................................................................................. 3 + + + + + +2 Anal aperture wrapped by numerous cycloidal sculpturing, spinae adnatae large and hooked.............................................................................................. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +cordatus + + +sp. nov. + + + + + +- Anal aperture not wrapped by numerous cycloidal sculpturing; notogastral setae rather long, flagellate, curling.................................................................... + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +longus +Xie & Yang + + +comb. nov. + + + + + + + +3 Tubercle +Sp +slightly acute at tip, peach-shaped................................... + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +brevisetus + + + + + +- Tubercle +Sp +rectangular, triangle or anvil-shaped............................................................. 4 + + + + + + +4 Tubercle +Sp +triangular; Seta +d +on femora of legs sturdy............................... + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +yaoi + + + + + +- Tubercle +Sp +rectangular or anvil-shaped.................................................................... 5 + + + + + + +5 The length of notogastral setae short; Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) bowl-like............. .. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +cuii + + + + +- The length of notogastral setae not short................................................................... 6 + + + + + +6 Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) horn-shaped................................... + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +wulongensis + + + + + +- Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) not horn-shaped............................................................... 7 + + + + + + +7 With large spinuous tubercles present on femora I, II and trochanter III................ + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +spiniger + + + + +- Without large spinuous tubercles present on femora I, II and trochanter III......................................... 8 + + + + + +8 Tubercle +Sa +strongly developed; Length of tubercle +Sa +greater than +Sp................. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) + +exsertus + + + + +- Length of tubercle +Sp +greater than +Sa +...................................................................... 9 + + + + + + +9 Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) furcated at the tip, with a pair of tubercles on dorsum of acetabulum I.............................................................................................. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +furcatus + + + + + +- Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) not furcated at the tip.......................................................... 10 + + + + + + +10 Tubercle +Sp +somewhat anvil-shaped........................................ + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +exspinosus + + + + + +- Tubercle +Sp +rectangular at base......................................................................... 11 + + + + + + +11 Notogastral setae roughened with dense warts and distal half finely barbed, +c +1 directed anteriad............................................................................. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +daliensis +Xie & Yang + +, + +comb. nov. + + + + + +- Notogastral setae thick, smooth; markedly developed distal appendage on trochantera of legs III– IV............................................................................................. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +armatus + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33450674A7FEF23D7F973FC00.xml b/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33450674A7FEF23D7F973FC00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1d7be79d29a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33450674A7FEF23D7F973FC00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,287 @@ + + + +Notes on the subgenus Tectodamaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae), with the description of a new species from China + + + +Author + +Xie, Lixia + + + +Author + +Yang, Maofa + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2727 + + +56 +62 + + + +journal article +46912 +10.5281/zenodo.200065 +11a76e6e-2d1d-4483-ac43-1aab9e7c3179 +1175-5326 +200065 + + + + + + +Subgenus + +Tectodamaeus +Aoki + + + + + + + + + +Tectodamaeus + +Aoki, 1984 +: 110 + + +–111; + +Enami & Aoki, 1988 +: 33 + +–36; + +Xie & Yang 2009 +: 73 + +–82. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) + +, nov. stat. by + +Wang & Cui, 1994 +:63 + +. + + + + + +Type +species: + +Tectodamaeus armatus +Aoki, 1984 + +. + + + + +Distribution. +Palaearctic and Oriental Regions. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Large, dark-colored mites with long legs. Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) always present. Three pairs of tubercles ( +Da +, +Ba +and +Bp +) on prodorsum and 4 pairs of tubercles ( +E2a +, +E2p +, +Va +and +Vp +) on ventral side well developed. Epimeral setation: 3–1–3–4. Leg IV always longer than total body length. Genu IV bearing only 2 setae. Setae +d +of genu present on legs I–III. Solenidion of tibia has no protecting seta +d +on legs I–IV. + + + + +Remarks. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) + +and + +Damaeus +( +Damaeus +) + +are both large mites with leg IV always longer than their body length, and no protecting seta on the tibia of each leg. Initially, we considered the distinct difference of two setae on genu IV remarkable, and suggestive of genus level-status for + +Tectodamaeus +, + +but reductions also occur within + +Damaeus + +on other genua (I–III). Therefore, we follow Wang and Cui (1984) by regarding + +Tectodamaeus + +as a subgenus of + +Damaeus + +. Consequently, we transfer two species, + +Tectodamaeus daliensis +Xie & Yang, 2009 + +and + +Tectodamaeus longus +Xie & Yang, 2009 + +to + +Damaeus + +, i.e., + +Damaeus daliensis + + +comb. nov. + +and + +Damaeus longus + + +comb. nov. + +Prior to this work, nine valid species belonged to the subgenus + +Tectodamaeus + +: + +D. +( +T. +) +armatus + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +exspinosus + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +wulongensis + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +spiniger + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +brevisetus + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +yaoi + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +exsertus + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +furcatus + +, + +D. +( +T. +) +cuii + +. ( +Aoki 1984 +; +Wang & Norton 1989 +; + +Wang +et al. +1992 + +; +Wang & Cui 1994 +; Lu & Wang 1995). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33455674E7FEF239DFE8FF8AE.xml b/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33455674E7FEF239DFE8FF8AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7744cd835d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7C/87/167C87C33455674E7FEF239DFE8FF8AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,333 @@ + + + +Notes on the subgenus Tectodamaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae), with the description of a new species from China + + + +Author + +Xie, Lixia + + + +Author + +Yang, Maofa + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2010 + +2727 + + +56 +62 + + + +journal article +46912 +10.5281/zenodo.200065 +11a76e6e-2d1d-4483-ac43-1aab9e7c3179 +1175-5326 +200065 + + + + + + + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +cordatus + +sp. nov. + + + + +( +Fig.1 +) + + + + +Material examined: +Holotype +(male in Oudemans fluid), +China +: Ji An city, Mt. Jinggang ( +26°34′25.04′′N +, +114°10′38.05′′E +), Jiangxi province, from litter under Pteridophytes, +950 m +a.s.l., 6, July, 2008, coll. LiXia Xie. +Paratype +: Four +paratypes +( +2 males +, +2 females +), with same data as +holotype +. + + + + +Etymology. +The new specific name “ + +cordatus + +” is from Latin, and refers to the heart-shaped anal aperture. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) well developed. Setae of +in +and +ex +short, lanciform. Notogaster with latticed exuvial scalps. Sensillus relatively long, finely barbed. +Spinae adnatae +large and hooked. Setae of notogaster thick, darkly pigmented with barbs. Anal aperture wrapped by numerous cycloidal grain, heart-shaped. Leg IV extremely long, 3 times body length. Femur IV very long, proximal stalk 4.3 times length of bulb. Solenidion on genu I–III coupled with a respective seta +d +. Seta +d +on femur I sturdy, slightly barbed, inserted to the base of bulb. + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +cordatus + + +sp. nov. + +A. adult, dorsal view (100 μm); B. adult, ventral view (100 μm); C. femur and genu of leg I (100 μm); D. tibia and tarsus of leg I (100 μm); E. trochanter, femur and genu of leg IV; F. tibia and tarsus of leg IV (100 μm). + + + +Dimensions. +Mean body length 442 μm (range 431–453); Mean notogastral length 318μm (296–332); Mean notogastral width: 256 μm (range 224–283). + + +Integument. +Body color brown. Surface of body and leg segments with filamentous cerotegument. Conspicuous microtubercles present on prodorsum and around leg acetabula, legs with dense fungal mycelia. + + +Prodorsum. +Rostrum rounded in dorsal view, but slightly projected in lateral view. Seta +ro +long (59 μm), finely barbed. Seta +le +(98 μm) longer than +ro +. Distance between +ro +slightly less than that of +le +. Seta +in +(30 μm) and +ex +(49 μm) smooth, short, dark brown and lanciform. Sensillus ( +ss +) (167 μm) long, attenuate, with small barbs. Comparative length: +in +< +ex +< +ro +< +le +< +ss +. Propodolateral apophysis ( +P +) well developed. Tubercles +Da +, +Ba +and +Bp +all present. Tubercles +Da +relatively large. + + +Notogaster. +Ovate viewed perpendicular to circumgastric scissure, about 1.3 times longer than wide. Spinae adnatae large and hooked, directed into sejugal groove, pointed distally, with mutual distance equal to that between prodorsal tubercles +Bp +and less than that of setal pair +c +2. Notogastral setae of +c +-series brown, sturdy and straight. +l +- and +h +-series smooth, attenuate and tip curving. Comparative length of notogastral setae: +h +1 < +h +2 < +c +1 = +c +2 < +la += +lm += +lp +< +h +3, and their respective lengths: 34 μm, 39 μm, 44 μm, 49 μm and 54 μm. Setae of +c +-series directed anteriad, distance between +c +2 1.73 times that of +c +1. Pseudanal setae short, attenuate with small barbs, directed laterad, 30 μm long. + + +Ventral region. +Epimere I with medial pit ( +cp +) tapering anteriad as groove. Enantiophyses +E2 +and +V +present. +E2a +small, curved tubercle, represented by low, broadly curved ridge; +E2p +represented by broad ridge. Tubercle +Va +, triangular with pointed tip; +Vp +represented by low, broadly curved ridge. Tubercle +Sa +broadly cylindrical with hook tip, +Sp +subtriangular. Discidium ( +di +) subtriangular with rounded tip, directed posterolaterad. Epimeral setae smooth, short except for 3 +b +. Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-3-4. Anogenital region normal, seta +ad +3 far from seta +ad +1 and +ad +2. Fissure +ian +minute, represented by small, inconspicuous pore in anterolateral corner of valve. Anal aperture is wrapped by numerous cycloidal sculpturing, heart-shaped. Anal aperture appreciably narrower than genital one. + + +Gnathosoma. +Normal for family. Mentum and gena smooth, without carinae or depressions. + + +Legs. +Relative lengths (I–IV) 1: 0.76: 0.86: 1.29. Leg IV very long, 3 times ventral body length; Femur +IV 4 +times length of trochanter IV, proximal stalk of femur IV 4.3 times length of bulb. Leg setation (famulus included, solenidia in parenthesis) as shown in +Table 1 +. Solenidion on genu I–III coupled with a respective seta +d +. Seta +d +on femur I sturdy, with minute barbs, inserted to the base of bulb. Seta +d +of genua I–III longer than respective coupled solenidion δ. Tibial solenidion flagelliform. Solenidion φ1 on tibial of leg I very long, 3.2 times as long as φ2. Famulus emergent, simple, short. Femoral setal formula: 5-3-3-3. Two femoral setae ( + +v +1 + +ʹ, + +v +1 + +ʺ) of leg I are absent, as are two femoral setae ( + +v +1 + +ʹ, + +v +2 + +ʺ) of leg II–IV. Seta vb present on tibia of leg I, IV and the seta + +v +1 + +ʹ is missing on tibia of leg IV. Only three eupathidial setae on tarsus I ( +p +ʹ, +p +ʺ, +s +). + + + +TABLE 1. +The number of setae on segment of legs I–IV of + +Damaeus +( +Tectodamaeus +) +cordatus + +sp. nov. + + + +Legs Trochanter Femur Genu Tibia Tarsus +I 1 +5 4 (1) 5 (2) 18 (2) +II 1 +3 4 (0) 4 (1) 16 (2) +III 2 +3 3 (0) 3 (1) 17 (0) +IV 1 +3 2 (0) 4 (1) 15 (0) +Remarks. +The new species can be readily distinguished from all other known species in this genus by: the anal aperture wrapped by much cycloidal sculpturing and heart-shaped; spinae adnatae large and hooked; notogastral setae of +c +-series brown, sturdy and straight, and +l +- and +h +-series smooth, attenuate with curved tips; Leg IV extremely long, 3 times ventral body length. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7D/45/167D45699EE51608BABBD50DD1B0B820.xml b/data/16/7D/45/167D45699EE51608BABBD50DD1B0B820.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5b4878f7d2f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7D/45/167D45699EE51608BABBD50DD1B0B820.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Contribution to the knowledge of Oriental Phasmatodea II: A taxonomic study of the genus Paragongylopus (Phasmatodea: Pachymorphinae: Gratidiini) + + + +Author + +Ho, George Wai-Chun + +text + + +Journal of Orthoptera Research + + +2017 + +26 + + +2 + + +195 +203 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.15291 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.15291 +1937-2426-2-195 + + + + +Paragongylopus Chen & He, 1997 + + + +Subsequent literature.- + +Chen and He 1997 +: 297. +Bragg 2001 +: 670. +Cliquennois 2004 +: 314. +Zompro 2004 +: 317. +Otte and Brock 2005 +: 247. +Chen and He 2008 +: 208. +Hennemann et al. 2008 +: 19. +Ho 2014 +: 12. + + + +Type species.- + +Paragongylopus sinensis +Chen & He, 1997: 297, by original designation. + + + +Distribution.- +China (Guangxi and Yunnan), Thailand and Vietnam. + + +Notes.- +A total of two subgenera, six species and two subspecies are recognized from this genus. Keys to the species of both subgenera with checklist of known species are provided. + +Key to the subgenera of +Paragongylopus + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
P. (Paragongylopus)
P. (Planoparagongylopus)
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7D/80/167D80F61496BA60FAF426BDDF9D7A96.xml b/data/16/7D/80/167D80F61496BA60FAF426BDDF9D7A96.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a4917dcea00 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7D/80/167D80F61496BA60FAF426BDDF9D7A96.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Osservazioni sui Chilopodi dell'Appennino lucano e calabrese (Chilopoda) + + + +Author + +Marzio Zapparoli + +text + + +BIOGEOGRAPHIA-Lav. Soc. ital. Biogeoqr. N. S. + + +1986 + +10 + + +1984 + + +311 +340 + + + + +http://un.availab.le + +journal article +Zapparoli-1984-full-article + + + + + +Geophilus flavus ( +Degeer, 1778 +) + + + + + +Geophilus longicornis +: +Fanzago, 1875: 44, 53 + + +Geophilus flavus +: +Fanzago, 1880: 267 + + +G. longicornis +: +Manfredi, 1933: 268 + + +Geophilus longicornis +: +Manfredi, 1957: 23, 33 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7D/81/167D81E796E2CEE92F72E35F3216139B.xml b/data/16/7D/81/167D81E796E2CEE92F72E35F3216139B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..421561469a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7D/81/167D81E796E2CEE92F72E35F3216139B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +A review of the Cholevinae from the island of Borneo (Coleoptera, Leiodidae) + + + +Author + +Schilthuizen, Menno + + + +Author + +Perreau, Michel + + + +Author + +Njunjic, Iva + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +777 + + +57 +108 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.777.23212 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.777.23212 +1313-2970-777-57 +D9F353643DCD4BA6B70D62FB275DEB1B + + + + +Ptomaphaginus latimanus Schilthuizen & Perreau, 2008 +Figures 5i, 6g, h, 9j, 10h + + + + + +Ptomaphaginus +latimanus + +Schilthuizen & Perreau, 2008: 196, figs 22-23; type from Gunung Trus Madi, Sabah, Borneo (in RMNH, RMNH.INS.1086293). + + + +Description. + +(Adapted from +Schilthuizen and Perreau (2008) +). Length 2.3-2.9 mm. Habitus slender, ovoid. Pronotum 1.60-1.75 times as wide as long, as wide as the elytra. Elytra 1.15-1.25 times as long as their combined width (length measured from the caudal tip of the scutellum to the apex of the elytra). Winged. Aedeagus short and wide, with two elongated apical, laterally-directed +'wings' +and a short terminal processus. Spermatheca narrow, annulated, and bent over a rounded 90° angle, quite similar to that of +P. kinabaluensis +. Spermiduct long and narrow, with numerous coils. Antennae short, as long as the width of the head. Long setae on the ventral side of the male profemur and protibia absent. Male with broad and indistinct central notches on the 5th and 6th visible abdominal sternite. Male protarsi strongly dilated. + + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Ptomaphaginus latimanus +is closely related to +P. kinabaluensis +, but differs in the habitus, which is much more stocky in +P. latimanus +. Also, +P. kinabaluensis +has extended elytral apices in the female, less strongly dilated male protarsi, and a central extension on the male 4th abdominal sternite. + + + + +Habitat +and distribution. + + +Only known from montane forest at Gunung Trusmadi in Sabah, at 1400 m elev. One +bryanti +-group female (RMNH.INS.555611) from Sayap substation on Gunung Kinabalu is genetically unique (BOLD BIN: ACK0183) and might also belong to this species. + + + +Figure 10. +Ptomaphaginus +, female spermiduct and spermatheca. a +P. bryantioides +Schilthuizen & Perreau, Gunung Mulu (NHMUK) b +P. grandis +sp. n., Gunung Mulu, paratype (NHMUK) c +P. isabellarossellini +sp. n., Gunung Kinabalu, paratype (RMNH.INS.1086161) d +P. louis +sp. n., Gunung Mulu, paratype (NHMUK) e +P. muluensis +sp. n., Gunung Mulu, paratype (NHMUK) f +P. scaphaner +Szymczakowski, Gunung Mulu (NHMUK) g +P. kinabaluensis +Schilthuizen & Perreau, Gunung Kinabalu (TXEX) h +P. latimanus +Schilthuizen & Perreau, Gunung Trus Madi, paratype (RMNH). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7E/AB/167EABD9ADC5AD819E3C93494921B7B8.xml b/data/16/7E/AB/167EABD9ADC5AD819E3C93494921B7B8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f9d275012d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7E/AB/167EABD9ADC5AD819E3C93494921B7B8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,670 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of Stigmatomma Roger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Malagasy region + + + +Author + +Esteves, Flavia A. + + + +Author + +Fisher, Brian L. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8032 +8032 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8032 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8032 +1314-2828--8032 +5AE871B646CB4BEF8E4D19C0F05BDBFA + + + + +Stigmatomma janovitsika Esteves & Fisher +sp. n. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0161533 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0161533; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: +Mahe +Blanc 660; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Mahe +Island, Morne Blanc + +; verbatimElevation: +660 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.6574 +; decimalLongitude: +55.43325 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/10/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest near glacis; fieldNumber: BLF24151; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Paratype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0156023 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0156023; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: +Mahe +Blanc 660; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Mahe +Island, Morne Blanc + +; verbatimElevation: +660 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.6574 +; decimalLongitude: +55.43325 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/10/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest near glacis; fieldNumber: BLF24151; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Paratype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0161532 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1dQ +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0161532; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: +Mahe +Blanc 660; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Mahe +Island, Morne Blanc + +; verbatimElevation: +660 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.6574 +; decimalLongitude: +55.43325 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/10/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest near glacis; fieldNumber: BLF24151; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Paratype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0156022 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0156022; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: +Mahe +Blanc 660; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Mahe +Island, Morne Blanc + +; verbatimElevation: +660 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.6574 +; decimalLongitude: +55.43325 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/10/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest near glacis; fieldNumber: BLF24151; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +MHNG + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0145426 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: SEM mount; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0145426; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: +Mahe +Blanc 660; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Mahe +Island, Morne Blanc + +; verbatimElevation: +660 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.6574 +; decimalLongitude: +55.43325 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/10/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest near glacis; fieldNumber: BLF24151; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0159676 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0159676; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Conception 65; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Conception Island +; verbatimElevation: +65 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.66311 +; decimalLongitude: +55.36821 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +General collecting +; eventDate: +02/12/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest; fieldNumber: BLF24276; eventRemarks: under rootmat, litter on rock; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0159677 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0159677; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Silhouette 520; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Silhouette Island, above Jardin Marron on crest to Mont Plaisir and Pot +a +Eau + +; verbatimElevation: +520 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.4867 +; decimalLongitude: +55.2341 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +General collecting +; eventDate: +01/20/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23168; eventRemarks: ex rotten log; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0159679 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0159679; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Conception 65; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Conception Island +; verbatimElevation: +65 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.66311 +; decimalLongitude: +55.36821 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +General collecting +; eventDate: +02/12/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest; fieldNumber: BLF24244; eventRemarks: under rootmat, litter on rock; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0159680 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0159680; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Gratte Fesse 410; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Silhouette Island, Gratte Fesse +; verbatimElevation: +410 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.49169 +; decimalLongitude: +55.23886 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +General collecting +; eventDate: +01/25/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23396; eventRemarks: ex rotten log; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0160355 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0160355; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Conception 65; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Conception Island +; verbatimElevation: +65 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.66311 +; decimalLongitude: +55.36821 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/12/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest; fieldNumber: BLF24286; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0160379 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0160379; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Conception 65; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Conception Island +; verbatimElevation: +65 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.66311 +; decimalLongitude: +55.36821 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +9 MaxiWinks, mixed samples +; eventDate: +02/12/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest; fieldNumber: BLF24286; eventRemarks: sifted litter (leaf mold, rotten wood); Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0160792 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1m +; preparations: pin, slide; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0160792; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Silhouette 520; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Silhouette Island, above Jardin Marron on crest to Mont Plaisir and Pot +a +Eau + +; verbatimElevation: +520 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.4867 +; decimalLongitude: +55.2341 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +01/20/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23134; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0318444 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: pin; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0318444; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Gratte Fesse 410; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Silhouette Island, Gratte Fesse +; verbatimElevation: +410 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.49169 +; decimalLongitude: +55.23886 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +General collecting +; eventDate: +01/25/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23396; eventRemarks: ex rotten log; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0318418 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1w +; preparations: SEM mount; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0318418; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Conception 65; country: +Seychelles +; locality: +Conception Island +; verbatimElevation: +65 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.66311 +; decimalLongitude: +55.36821 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +General collecting +; eventDate: +02/12/2010 +; habitat: mixed forest; fieldNumber: BLF24276; eventRemarks: under rootmat, litter on rock; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0318446 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1m +; preparations: pin, slide; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0318446; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Silhouette 520; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Silhouette Island, above Jardin Marron on crest to Mont Plaisir and Pot +a +Eau + +; verbatimElevation: +520 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.4867 +; decimalLongitude: +55.2341 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +01/20/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23134; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0318447 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1m +; preparations: pin, slide; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0318447; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Silhouette 520; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Silhouette Island, above Jardin Marron on crest to Mont Plaisir and Pot +a +Eau + +; verbatimElevation: +520 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.4867 +; decimalLongitude: +55.2341 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +01/20/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23134; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0318448 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1m +; preparations: pin, slide; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0318448; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Silhouette 520; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Silhouette Island, above Jardin Marron on crest to Mont Plaisir and Pot +a +Eau + +; verbatimElevation: +520 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.4867 +; decimalLongitude: +55.2341 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +01/20/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23134; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +casent0318448 +; recordedBy: +B.L.Fisher et al. +; sex: +1m +; preparations: slide; associatedMedia: http://www.antweb.org/specimen/casent0318448; Taxon: scientificName: Stigmatommajanovitsika; genus: Stigmatomma; Location: locationID: Silhouette 520; country: +Seychelles +; locality: + +Silhouette Island, above Jardin Marron on crest to Mont Plaisir and Pot +a +Eau + +; verbatimElevation: +520 +; decimalLatitude: +-4.4867 +; decimalLongitude: +55.2341 +; georeferenceRemarks: coordinates obtained from GPS; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +01/20/2010 +; habitat: forest; fieldNumber: BLF23134; Record Level: institutionCode: +CASC + + + + +Description +Worker (Fig. 44; holotype values within parentheses): HL: 0.74-0.79 (0.79); HW: 0.63-0.67 (0.67); HW2: 0.58-0.62 (0.61); SL: 0.44-0.46 (0.46); ML: 0.54-0.57 (0.56); WL: 0.87-0.93 (0.93); PPW: 0.34-0.37 (0.37); PtL: 0.36-0.38 (0.38); PtW: 0.39-0.42 (0.42); CI: 84-88 (84); SI: 58-61 (58); MI: 71-75 (71); PtI: 90-93 (91). +Head: +Mandibular baso-masticatory margin skirted dorsally by row of filiform setae; medially, by spatular setae; ventrally, by longer acuminate flattened-apex setae (Fig. 45a). Dentition arrangement, from base to apex: single larger tooth; single smaller tooth; four pairs of teeth; bicuspid pre-apical tooth; apical tooth (Fig. 45a). Tooth couples with same dimensions; teeth basally fused. Pairs of teeth with similar dimensions along mandible's basoapical axis. Anterior clypeal margin with six tubercle-like cuticular processes arranged in a single row; armed anteriorly with asymmetrical mucronate dentiform setae (Fig. 45a). Most lateral clypeal cuticular process armed anterolaterally with row of numerous smaller, blunt, dentiform setae, continuing laterad on clypeal anterior margin, arising from flat cuticle (Fig. 45a). Clypeal cuticular processes approximately the same length as associated dentiform setae. Pair of long, filiform setae on clypeal median area, posterior to central-most pair of cuticular processes on anterior clypeal margin. Clypeal corners with brush of filiform setae; if absent, numerous punctations instead (Fig. 45a). Median clypeal area extending posteriorly between antennal sockets as a narrow longitudinal strip; frontoclypeal sulcus acute (Fig. 45b). Supraclypeal area as small oblong depression (Fig. 45b). Twelve antennomeres (Fig. 45b). Small genal teeth present. Compound eyes absent. Palpal formula: 4:2 (four maxillary, two labial; Fig. 45c). +Mesosoma: +In dorsal view, mesonotum narrower than remaining mesosoma (Fig. 46a). Metanotal suture absent (Fig. 46a). Mesepisternum not divided into anepisternum and kaptepisternum (Fig. 46b). Sulcus separating mesepisternum from posterior remainder of mesosoma, running from metathoracic spiracle to endoapodemal pit of mesopleural arm (Fig. 46b). Metathoracic spiracle round, pinched inside its opening, and surrounded by cuticular swell (Fig. 46b). Propodeal spiracle round, surrounded by cuticular swell (Fig. 46b). Propodeal declivitous face with raised lateral margins (Fig. 46a). +Legs: +Basoventral lamella of calcar of strigil reduced to a basal bud. Anterior face of calcar of strigil with tubiform microtrichia (Fig. 47a); posterior face with lanceolate microtrichia. Multiple paddle-like setae on antero-ventral face of protibial apex, next to calcar of strigil (Fig. 47a). Multiple paddle-like setae on anterior face of probasitarsus (Fig. 47a); row of stout setae along posterior face of probasitarsus, next to comb of strigil. Mesotibial spur absent. Apex of mesotibial inner face with long, stout, spiniform seta resembling a spur under the optical microscope, followed apically by a deep fovea concealing a small, stout, truncated seta (Fig. 47b, c, d). Slit-like longitudinal sulcus on anterodorsal face of mesobasitarsus, with apical end projected laterally (Fig. 47e). Two metatibial spurs; simple anterior spur with lanceolate microtrichia; posterior spur pectinate (Fig. 48a, b). Anterior face of posterior metatibial spur glabrous; posterior face with numerous antler-like microtrichia. Brush of truncated-apex long filiform setae on posterior face of metatibial apex, next to posterior metatibial spur (Fig. 48b). Absence of longitudinal sulcus on antero-dorsal face of metabasitarsus. Base of the inner face of metabasitarsus swollen anteriorly; swollen posterior face with longitudinal row of truncated, flattened-apex stout setae, followed by brush of filiform setae apically (Fig. 48a, b, c). Somewhat stout setae along inner face of remaining metabasitarsus. Arolium on pro-, meso-, and metapretarsus. +Metasoma: +Petiole sessile (Fig. 49a). Ventroanterior margin of petiolar tergite anterior dorso-latero-ventral carina (Ward 1990) much shorter than anterior margin of subpetiolar process, in lateral view (Fig. 49a). Subpetiolar process fin-like: obtuse angle on mid-length of its ventral margin (Fig. 49a). Absence of fenestra on lateral face of subpetiolar process (Fig. 49a). Petiolar proprioceptor zone a large, round concavity with few sensilla (Fig. 49b). Prora present (Fig. 49a). Scrobiculate sulcus between pretergite and postergite of abdominal segment III and presclerites and postsclerites of abdominal segment IV. Eight stout spiniform setae on apex of hypopygium (Fig. 49c). +Sculpture: +Mandibular dorsal face rugose-foveolate basally, grading into costate apically, except for smooth apical portion (Fig. 45a). Clypeal median area smooth, grading to costulate laterally (Fig. 45a). Supraclypeal area smooth (Fig. 45b). Head in dorsal view, areolate; area posterior to tentorial pit plicate (Fig. 45b). Labrum imbricate (Fig. 50). Mesosoma foveolate dorsally (Fig. 46a). Pronotum rugose-foveolate laterally; remainder of lateral face of mesosoma mostly costate (Fig. 46b). Propodeal declivitous face smooth (Fig. 46a). Petiolar tergite alveolate ventroanteriorly, grading to smooth anteriorly, imbricate laterally, and foveolate dorsally (Fig. 49a). Petiolar laterotergite smooth anteriorly, grading to alveolate posteriorly and imbricate lateroposteriorly (Fig. 49b). Petiolar poststernite imbricate anteriorly, grading to alveolate to smooth posteriorly (Fig. 49b). Abdominal segment III foveolate; segment IV punctate; segments V, VI, and VII imbricate (Fig. 49c). +Pilosity and color: +Erect to subdecumbent pilosity on head, dorsal face of mesosoma, petiolar tergite, and abdominal segments III and IV. Petiolar poststernite mostly glabrous, with row of setae along lateral margins. Longer pilosity on abdominal segments V, VI, and VII. Body color orange-brown; light-orange appendages. + +Comments on character variation +Under the stereomicroscope, there is no observable character variation on the specimens examined. + + +Other castes +Gyne (Fig. 51); alate when virgin: Very similar to the worker caste but for the greater body length, presence of compound eyes and ocelli, and differences on the mesosoma due to the presence of wings. Parapsidal lines on the mesoscutum; scuto-scutellar suture narrow, without apparent sculpture (Fig. 52a). Mesepisternum not divided into anepisternum and katepisternum by a sulcus, but the upper mesepisternum is clearly smoother than its lower section; mesepimeral lobe not distinct; metapleuron not divided into upper and lower sections but for a short and narrow longitudinal sulcus located around the mid-length of the suture separating mesopleuron from metapleuron; metapleuron not clearly distinct from the propodeum (Fig. 52b). + +Male (Fig. 53); alate: Mandibles falcate, with sharp, single apical tooth (Fig. 53a). Anterior margin of the clypeus with dentiform setae (Fig. 53a). Compound eyes with long setae among ommatidia (Fig. 54a). Palpal formula 4:2 (Fig. 55a). Notauli distinct; parapsidal lines present; scuto-scutellar suture narrow, not sculptured (Fig. 54b). Mesepisternum not divided into anepisternum and katepisternum; posterior oblique sulcus short, not well developed; mesepimeral lobe not distinct (Fig. 54c). Metapleuron divided into upper and lower sections by a sulcus; costate sulcus separating upper metapleuron from propodeum; lower metapleuron not completey distinct from the propodeum (Fig. 54c). Forewing (Figs 53d, 56a, b, 57a, b): pterostigma well developed; Rs.f2-3 may be indistinct; Rs.f5 present and reaching R.f3; 1r-rs absent; 2r-rs present; M.f2 present, but may be just slightly distinct; Rs+M complete or not well-developed; M.f3-4 present; 2rs-m absent; Cu.f2 present; 1m-cu present or just slightly distinct; A.f2 present; cu-a intercepting M+Cu anteriorly to the separation point between M.f1 and Cu.f1. Hindwing (Figs 56c, d, 57c, d): C slightly distinct; Sc+R, R, Rs.f1, and Rs.f2 absent; M+Cu just slightly distinct; 1rs-m, M.f1, M.f2, Cu, and cu-a absent; A present. Pygostyles present (Fig. 54d). Posterior margin of abdominal sternum IX convex (Fig. 55d). Visible division of the paramere into telomere and basimere. Digitus mushroom-shaped; presence of a short projection at the base of the digitus (Fig. 55c). Anterior half of the ventral margin of penisvalva clearly serrate; ventral portion of the penisvalva extremely reduced if compared with other +Stigmatomma +species in the Malagasy bioregion; dorsal portion somewhat sclerotized (Fig. 55b). + + + +Specimens used in prior studies + +This taxon was referenced as +Stigmatomma +SC01 (specimen CASENT0159676-D01) in +Ward and Fisher (2016) +. + + + + +Diagnosis +Worker + +With characters of the +tsyhady +species-group and the +sakalava +species-complex as described above, and the following characters (asterisks flag unique characters within the genus in the Malagasy bioregion): + +Integument orange-brown (Fig. 44); medium-sized ant (HL: 0.74-0.79, WL: 0.87-0.93). +Pairs of teeth along baso-masticatory margin of mandible have the same length along the baso-apical axis (Fig. 45a, b). +Bicuspid pre-apical tooth (Fig. 45a, b). +Long acuminate flattened-apex setae ventrally skirting baso-masticatory margin of mandible (Fig. 45b). +* Most lateral area of clypeus bearing a brush of filiform setae (when setae are not present, the region presents numerous punctuations; Figs 44a, 45a). +Dorsal face of the head areolate (Figs 44a, 45b). +Genal teeth present (Fig. 44a). +Palpal formula 4:2 (Fig. 45c). +Dorsal face of mesosoma foveolate; lateral face of propotum rugose-foveolate; remainder lateral face of mesosoma mostly costate; declivitous face of propodeum smooth (Fig. 46). +* Mesepisternum not divided into anepisternum and katepisternum (Fig. 46b). +* Basoventral lamella of calcar of strigil reduced to a basal bud. +Anterior face of calcar of strigil with tubiform microtrichia (Fig. 47a). +Mesotibial spur absent (Fig. 47b, c). +* Apex of mesotibial inner face bearing a long, stout, spiniform seta, resembling a spur under optical microscope (Fig. 47b, c). +Mesotibial apical stout seta apically followed by a deep fovea concealing small, stout, truncated seta (Fig. 47c, d). +Slit-like sulcus present on the anterodorsal face of mesobasitarsus, with apical end projected laterally (Fig. 47e). +Anterior face of posterior metatibial spur glabrous (Fig. 48a). +Brush of truncated filiform setae present on the posterior face of the apex of metatibia (Fig. 48b). +* Base of the inner face of metabasitarsus swollen anteriorly. Posterior face of basal swollen area bearing a row of truncated, flattened-apex stout setae, followed apically by a brush of filiform setae (Fig. 48c). +Absence of a longitudinal sulcus on metabasitarsus. +Subpetiolar process fin-like: half of its ventral margin obtusely angled (Fig. 49a). +Eight stout spiniform setae present on the apex of hypopygium (Fig. 49c). + +Stigmatomma janovitsika +is somewhat similar to +S. bolabola +and +S. sakalava +in palpal formula, shape of microtrichia on the posterior face of posterior metatibial spur, and absence of fenestra on the subpetiolar process. + +However, it may be distinguished from them by: brush of filiform setae present on the corners of the clypeus (if the setae are removed, the region will be densely punctuate); presence of genal teeth; the mesepisternum is not divided into anepisternum and katepisternum; head sculpture; proportion of lamella on the baso-ventral margin of the calcar of strigil; long, stout, spiniform seta on the mesotibial inner face apex (resembling a spur under the stereomicroscope), followed apically by a cuticular deep fovea concealing a small, stout, truncated seta; and distribution, since it does not occur in sympatry with any of its congeners. + + +Etymology + +The name +janovitsika +is a portmanteau of Janovitz and vitsika (Malagasy name for ants), meaning the ant of Janovitz. Dr. Tyler W. Janovitz is a medical scientist interested in myrmecology, and generously supported this study. + + + +Distribution + +Stigmatomma janovitsika +specimens were collected in forest, mixed forest, and mixed forest near glacis (rocky outcrop) habitats, from 60 to around 700 m above sea level, on three granitic islands of the Seychelles (Conception, +Mahe +, and Silhouette; Fig. 58). Specimens were recorded: (1) manually under rootmat and litter on rocks, and in rotten logs; (2) from sifted leaf mold and rotten wood; and (3) in a Malaise trap. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7F/1A/167F1A111CDC40EFF0B4677774A59964.xml b/data/16/7F/1A/167F1A111CDC40EFF0B4677774A59964.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1ba02094ecf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7F/1A/167F1A111CDC40EFF0B4677774A59964.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Melithaeidae of Japan (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea) re-examined with descriptions of 11 new species + + + +Author + +Matsumoto, Asako K. + + + +Author + +van Ofwegen, Leen P. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +522 + + +1 +127 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.522.10294 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.522.10294 +1313-2970-522-1 +72178B43CB244C57A24323CB13B9A8BF +72178B43CB244C57A24323CB13B9A8BF + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Alcyonacea Melithaeidae + + + +Melithaea satsumaensis +sp. n. +Figures 75c, 82, 83, 86 + + + + +Material +examined. + + +Holotype RMNH Coel. 41936 (AKM 743), Off Sata-misaki Cape, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, +30°56.0025'N +, +130°44.2299'E +- +30°56.2953'N +, +130°43.3981'E +, 116-120 m, R/V Tansei-maru, KT07-1 cruise, St. SM-1, Chain Bag Dredge, coll. A.K. Matsumoto, 23 February 2007. + + + +Description. +The holotype is a 16.5 cm long colony with holdfast (Fig. 75c). At the base the stem is 10 mm wide, the end branches are only 1 mm wide. On the lower half of the colony the polyps are situated on one side of the colony; the upper part has polyps all around the branches. The calyces are dome-shaped, and most polyps are expanded. Points with slightly bent spindles up to 0.20 mm long, distal end with more developed tubercles (Fig. 82a). Collaret with bent spindles up to 0.30 mm long, middle part with more developed tubercles (Fig. 82b). Tentacles with platelets, the larger ones crescent-shaped with irregular projections (Fig. 82c). These platelets are up to 0.15 mm long. Pharynx with straight spiny rods, up to 0.05 mm long (Fig. 82d). Coenenchyme with predominantly capstans (Fig. 82f), double disks (Fig. 82g), and unilaterally foliate spheroids (Fig. 83b), 0.05-0.15 mm long, and small clubs (Fig. 82h), up to 0.10 mm long. Spindles are also present, 0.10-0.25 mm long, with simple or complex tubercles (Fig. 83c). The calyces with additional clubs, up to 0.15 mm long (Fig. 83a). The axis has smooth and sparsely tuberculate rods (Fig. 82e). + + +Figure 82. Sclerites of +Melithaea satsumaensis +sp. n., RMNH Coel. 41936; a point spindles b collaret spindles c tentacle sclerites d pharynx rods e axial rod f capstans g double disks h clubs of coenenchyme. + + + + +Figure 83. Sclerites of +Melithaea satsumaensis +sp. n., RMNH Coel. 41936; a clubs of calyx b unilaterally foliate spheroids c spindles. + + + + +Color. +Colony orange with yellow polyps, coenenchymal sclerites orange, polyp ones yellow. + + +Distribution. +Off Cape Sata misaki, Kagoshima Prefecture (Fig. 86). + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the type locality, Satsuma, the old name of Kagoshima Prefecture. + + +Remarks. +This species is unique by its unilaterally foliate spheroids and spindles with complex tubercles. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/7F/B9/167FB9FB463651049455C1242412F80D.xml b/data/16/7F/B9/167FB9FB463651049455C1242412F80D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b7645f8b815 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/7F/B9/167FB9FB463651049455C1242412F80D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ + + + +Odonate diversity of a highly urbanised region: An annotated checklist of the damselflies and dragonflies (Insecta, Odonata) of Lario and Brianza (Lombardy, N Italy) + + + +Author + +Bazzi, Gaia +Area per l'Avifauna Migratrice (BIO-AVM), Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano Emilia, Italy + + + +Author + +Galimberti, Andrea +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-3024 +Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Milano, Italy & National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy +andrea.galimberti@unimib.it + + + +Author + +Foglini, Claudio +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-9372 +Via L. B. Alberti 8 / A, Cinisello Balsamo (MI), Italy + + + +Author + +Bani, Luciano +Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra, Milano, Italy & World Biodiversity Association onlus c / o NAT LAB Forte Inglese, Portoferraio (LV), Italy + + + +Author + +Bazzi, Lionello +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Bonvicini, Piero +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Brembilla, Roberto +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Brigo, Massimo +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Cavenaghi, Alberto +Odonata. it - Societa Italiana per lo Studio e la Conservazione delle Libellula (ODV), Perugia, Italy + + + +Author + +Colombo, Giuseppe +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Della Pieta, Cesare +Via Statale 77 ter, Merate (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Galliani, Carlo +Via Cherubini 7, Paderno Dugnano (MI), Italy + + + +Author + +Guarnaroli, Ettore +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Larroux, Nicola +Odonata. it - Societa Italiana per lo Studio e la Conservazione delle Libellule (ODV), Perugia, Italy & Gruppo Insubrico di Ornitologia, Clivio (VA), Italy + + + +Author + +Monti, Alessandro +Studio Tu. G. A (Tutela e Gestione Ambientale), Rovello Porro (CO), Italy + + + +Author + +Orioli, Valerio +Universita degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Terra, Milano, Italy + + + +Author + +Ornaghi, Francesco +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Pilon, Nicola +Elitron, Milano, Italy + + + +Author + +Pirotta, Giuliana +Centro Ricerche Ornitologiche Scanagatta, Varenna (LC), Italy + + + +Author + +Radaelli, Giovanni +Via Salerno 12, Lecco, Italy + + + +Author + +Tessa, Giulia +Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Morbegno, Morbegno (SO), Italy + + + +Author + +Assandri, Giacomo +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-5353 +National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy & Universita di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Torino, Italy + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-11-07 + + +11 + + +111358 +111358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e111358 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e111358 +1314-2828-11-e111358 +F34BA22C9F905143B2AF381147239531 + + + + +Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer, 1776) + + + +Native status +R + + +Conservation status +erl: LC; irl: LC + + +Notes +Flight period: I April - III July + +The species is rather localised in the study area, occurring in the belt between the south of Lake Como and north to the heavily urbanised area of the Monza and Brianza. There, it is mainly found in mature and well-preserved marshlands and along small streams, covered by rich aquatic vegetation, up to ca. 400 m a.s.l. Historical records at higher elevation (i.e. between ca. 400 m a.s.l. and ca. 1000 m a.s.l., at Piani di Nesso and Lake Segrino; +Balestrazzi and Pavesi (2008) +) were not confirmed in recent years. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/80/3E/16803E1798B7B614389790D9562AFFBA.xml b/data/16/80/3E/16803E1798B7B614389790D9562AFFBA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..85a3680ac8e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/80/3E/16803E1798B7B614389790D9562AFFBA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,282 @@ + + + +Differential patterns of ophiostomatoid fungal communities associated with three sympatric Tomicus species infesting pines in south-western China, with a description of four new species + + + +Author + +Min Wang, Hui + + + +Author + +Wang, Zheng + + + +Author + +Liu, Fu + + + +Author + +Xu Wu, Cheng + + + +Author + +Fang Zhang, Su + + + +Author + +Kong, Xiang Bo + + + +Author + +Decock, Cony + + + +Author + +Lu, Quan + + + +Author + +Zhang, Zhen + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2019 + +50 + + +93 +133 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.50.32653 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.50.32653 +1314-4049-50-93 + + + + +Sporothrix macroconidia H. Wang, Q. Lu & Z. Zhang +sp. n. +Fig. 15 + + + + +Etymology +. + + +'macroconidia' +(Latin), referring to the large conidia of this fungus. + + + +Type. + +CHINA, Yunnan, from +Tomicus yunnanensis +galleries in +Pinus yunnanensis +, Dec. 2016, collected by HM Wang, holotype CXY 1894, culture ex-holotype CFCC 52628 = CXY 1894. + + + +Description. +Sexual form: unknown. + +Asexual form: +Sporothrix +-like. Conidiophores semi-macronematous, mononematous; conidiogenous cells hyaline, simple or loosely branched, thin-walled, aseptate, bearing denticles forming a rachis (4.1-) 11.0-24.5 (-36.5) +x +(1.4-) 2.1-3.4 (-4.9) +μm +; conidia hyaline, cylindrical, ellipsoid to ovoid, 1-celled, smooth, (3.6-) 4.8-7.4 (-9.9) +x +(2.5-) 3.2-4.9 (-9.9) +μm +, solitarily or aggregating in slimy masses. + + + +Figure 15. Morphological characters of +Sporothrix macroconidia +sp. n. A, B Upper and reverse of cultures on 2% MEA 20 d after inoculation +C-H +conidiogenous cells of +Sporothrix +-like asexual state and conidia. Scale bars: 10 +μm +( +C-H +). + + + + +Culture characteristics. +Colonies on 2% MEA medium slow growing in the dark, reaching 34 mm in diam. in 8 days at 25 °C, growth rate up to 5 mm/day at the fastest; colony margin smooth. Hyphae appressed to flocculose, white; reverse hyaline to pale yellowish. Optimal growth temperature 25 °C, little growth at 5 °C and 35 °C. + + +Known substrates and hosts. + +Galleries of +Tomicus yunnanensis +and +T. brevipilosus +in +Pinus yunnanensis +and +P. kesiya +. + + + +Known insect vectors. + +Tomicus yunnanensis +, +T. brevipilosus +. + + + +Known distribution. +Yunnan Province, China. + + +Additional specimens examined. + +CHINA, Yunnan, from +Tomicus brevipilosus +galleries in +Pinus kesiya +, Dec. 2016, Jan. 2017, HM Wang, CFCC 52629 = CXY 1895, CFCC 52630 = CXY 1896. + + + +Note. + +Sporothrix macroconidia +is closely related to +O. valdivianum +, +S. bragantina +, +S. brunneoviolacea +and +S. fumea +in phylogenetic analyses inferred from LSU, ITS, TUB2 and CAL DNA sequence data. It differs from these species by its conidia, which are larger than those of the other four species, mostly 4.8-7.4 +x +3.2-4.9 +μm +and 4-6 +x +2 +μm +in +O. valdivianum +( +Butin and Aquilar 1984 +), 4-6 +x +2-2.5 +μm +in +S. bragantina +( +Pfenning and Oberwinkler 1993 +), 3-7 +x +1.5-3 +μm +in +S. brunneoviolacea +( +Madrid et al. 2010 +) and 1.5-2.0 +x +0.5-1.0 +μm +in +S. fumea +( +Nkuekam et al. 2012 +). In addition, a sexual state was observed in vitro for +O. valdivianum +, +S. bragantina +and +S. fumea +, which was not observed in +S. macroconidia +and +S. brunneoviolacea +. + + +Sporothrix macroconidia +was found associated with +T. yunnanensis +infesting +P. yunnanensis +and with +T. brevipilosus +infesting +P. kesiya +. The other four similar species have +very +different ecology and known geographic distributions. +Sporothrix fumea +was isolated from +Eucalyptus cloeziana +infested by +Phoracantha +beetles in South Africa ( +Nkuekam et al. 2012 +), whereas +O. valdivianum +, +S. bragantina +and +S. brunneoviolacea +were obtained from soil or +Nothofagus +in Europe and South America ( +Butin and Aquilar 1984 +, +Pfenning and Oberwinkler 1993 +, +Madrid et al. 2010 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/81/EB/1681EBF9D68C50A3B656E12F2FD44BAA.xml b/data/16/81/EB/1681EBF9D68C50A3B656E12F2FD44BAA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c1cc32a9733 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/81/EB/1681EBF9D68C50A3B656E12F2FD44BAA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,223 @@ + + + +Revision of the genera Xanthogaleruca Laboissiere, 1932 and Pyrrhalta Joannis, 1865 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae) of Taiwan, with type designation of Galerucella lineatipes Takei + + + +Author + +Lee, Chi-Feng +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-0557 +Applied Zoology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung 413, Taiwan +chifeng@tari.gov.tw + + + +Author + +Bezdek, Jan +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-7211 +Mendel University in Brno, Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Zemĕdĕlska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-05-20 + + +1039 + + +1 +108 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.64740 +1313-2970-1039-1 +3487C3570FAC4907A5C0C0A0C801C6E3 +FA2622A854585C59A7E8182A4E66C6DF + + + + + +Pyrrhalta tsoui +Bezdek +& Lee, 2019 + +Figs 23D-F +, 25 +, 26A + + + + +Pyrrhalta tsoui +Bezdek +& Lee, 2019: 531. + + + +Other material + +(specimens examined by + +Bezdek +and Lee (2019) + +excluded). + +Taiwan +. +Nantou +: +2♀ +(KMNH), Lushan Wenchuan (廬山溫泉), +6.VI.1976 +, leg. +H. Makihara +(one identified as + +P. maculata + +by Kimoto, 1983) + +; +1♂ +(TARI), Tsuifeng (翠峰), +12-14.IX.1984 +, leg. K. S. Lin & S. C. Lin. + + + +Redescription. + +Length 4.6-5.3 mm, width 2.3-2.8 mm. Body color (Fig. +23D-F +) reddish brown; vertex with one black spot at center; pronotum with three large black spots, one poorly defined elongate spot at center, from basal 1/3 to middle, one pair laterally; scutellum black; five pairs of large black spots on elytra, one pair near base at middle, two pairs in line with middle, one pair at apical 2/5 laterally, one pair at apical 1/5 near suture; metathoracic ventrites darker. Eyes small, interocular space 2.37-2.42 +x +diameter of eye. Antennae filiform in males (Fig. +25A +), antennomere I swollen, IV with a large tubercle on outer sides at middle, length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.5: 0.8: 0.9: 0.7: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 1.0, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 2.1: 1.9: 2.7: 2.6: 2.1: 1.9: 1.6: 1.5: 1.5: 1.4: 2.4; filiform in females (Fig. +25B +), antennomere I and IV not modified, length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0: 0.6: 0.9: 0.8: 0.7: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 0.6: 1.0, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 2.4: 2.1: 3.4: 2.7: 2.2: 1.9: 1.7: 1.5: 1.6: 1.6: 2.5. Pronotum and elytra convex. Pronotum 1.9-2.0 +x +wider than long, disc with reticulate microsculpture; dense, extremely coarse punctures and extremely short pubescence; with median longitudinal and lateral depressions; lateral margins moderately rounded, apical and basal margins straight; anterior and posterior setiferous punctures erect. Elytra elongate and broad, parallel-sided, 1.4-1.6 +x +longer than wide; disc with reticulate microsculpture, and with dense extremely coarse punctures and short pubescence. Apical spur of tibia of middle leg small (Fig. +25E +), tarsomere I not modified in males. Aedeagus (Fig. +25C, D +) extremely slender in dorsal view, 8.4 +x +longer than wide, sides asymmetric, curved near apex, apex truncate; strongly curved at apical 1/3 and near base in lateral view, apex truncate; ostium not covered by membrane, ventrally located, along lateral margin; two endophallic sclerites elongate, apex of primary endophallic sclerite with several teeth, 0.6 +x +as long as aedeagus, secondary sclerite much shorter, 0.7 +x +as long as primary endophallic sclerite, apex acute, with one tooth near apex. Only apices of gonocoxae (Fig. +25J +) sclerotized and transverse, with two long setae at apex of each gonocoxa. Ventrite VIII (Fig. +25F +) transverse; disc with several long setae and dense short setae along apical margin; spiculum long. Receptacle of spermatheca (Fig. +25G +) slightly swollen; pump short and strongly curved; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct wide and short. Apical margin of abdominal ventrite V truncate, with deeply rounded depression at middle in males (Fig. +25I +); slightly concave in females (Fig. +25H +). + + + +Remarks. + +Adults of + +P. tsoui + +Bezdek +& Lee and + +P. maculata + +Gressitt & Kimoto may be separated from others within the species group by the five pairs of large black spots on the elytra (Fig. +23 +), the strongly curved aedeagus in lateral view (Figs +24C +, +25C +), and gonocoxa with only two setae (Figs +24H +, +25J +). adults of + +P. tsoui + +differ from those of + +P. maculata + +by the normal antennomere III and antennomere IV with a large tubercle in males (Fig. +25A +) (antennomere III apically broadened in + +P. maculata + +(Fig. +24A +)), and slender antennomere III, <4.0 +x +longer than wide in females (Fig. +25B +) (extremely slender antennomere III,> 4.0 +x +longer than wide; in those of + +P. maculata + +(Fig. +24B +)). In males of + +P. tsoui + +, the apex of the primary endophallic sclerite has several teeth and one additional tooth on the secondary sclerite (Fig. +25C, D +). In + +P. maculata + +the primary endophallic sclerite is acute apically, and the secondary sclerite lacks additional teeth (Fig. +24C, D +). + + + +Food plant. + +Adults feed on flowers of + +Meliosma rhoifolia + +Maxim. ( +Sabiaceae +). + + + +Distribution. +This species is widespread in lowlands of Taiwan. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/82/9E/16829E6C72685DB6BD272A87AAB97FB2.xml b/data/16/82/9E/16829E6C72685DB6BD272A87AAB97FB2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a723c1d715 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/82/9E/16829E6C72685DB6BD272A87AAB97FB2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + + +Checklist of the ants (Formicidae Latreille, 1809) of Georgia. + + + +Author + +Gratiashvili, N. + + + +Author + +Barjadze, S. + +text + + +Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology + + +2008 + +23 + + +130 +146 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/23047/23047.pdf + +journal article +23047 + + + + +57. +L. (Lasius) niger +(L., 1758) + + + + +Distribution: E.G.: Gardabani, Grove across the riv. Iori, Manglisi, Sadakhlo, Sartichala, Tbilisi (Samgori field), Tetritskaro ( +Ruzsky, 1905 +; +Jijilashvili, 1964b +, +1966 +, +1968 +, +1974a +); W.G.: Abasha, Alakhadzi, Anaklia, Bank of Inkiti Lake, Bichvinta Reserve, Chaladidi, Kakhaberi, Khobi, Khrami gorge, Kobuleti, Menji, Natanebi, Ochamchire, Poti, Senaki, Surroundings of Paliastomi Lake, Surroundings of Poti ( +Ruzsky, 1905 +, +1907 +; +Jijilashvili, 1974b +); S.G.: Bakuriani, Borjomi ( +Ruzsky, 1905 +; +Jijilashvili, 1967a +, +1974a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/82/D8/1682D897972A7D7F994FC99B7FC94230.xml b/data/16/82/D8/1682D897972A7D7F994FC99B7FC94230.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..23c12acda90 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/82/D8/1682D897972A7D7F994FC99B7FC94230.xml @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ + + + +Fourmis d'Afrique et de Madagascar. + + + +Author + +Santschi, F. + +text + + +Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique + + +1912 + +56 + + +150 +167 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3715/3715.pdf + +journal article +3715 + + + + +Monomorium bicolor +. Em. + + + +- Cette espece soudanaise s'etend jusqu'a la Cote d'Ivoire (J. H. Lohier) ou elle varie legerement, etant plus svelte et le deuxieme n oe ud du pedicule un peu plus bas. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/82/DA/1682DAE484E103570B6BE6340FCAF0FF.xml b/data/16/82/DA/1682DAE484E103570B6BE6340FCAF0FF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..319c9c06a6c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/82/DA/1682DAE484E103570B6BE6340FCAF0FF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +Two new related oodine genera in the Oriental Region, with remarks on the systematic position of the genera Hololeius and Holosoma (Coleoptera, Carabidae) + + + +Author + +Gueorguiev, Borislav + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +2014 + +61 + + +2 + + +87 +104 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7754 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.7754 +1860-1324-2 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae + + + + +Hololeius +LaFerte-Senectere +, 1851 + + + + +Type species. + +Chlaenius nitidulus +Dejean, 1826 + + + +Diagnosis. +Small to medium-sized specimens (11-13 mm) for Oriental chlaeniines, with the following characters: habitus semi-elongate; color mostly olivaceous; integument punctate and pubescent, pubescence denser on sides of elytra and on sides of abdomen, less developed, scattered or lacking on rest of body; head with conspicuously large eyes and minute tempora; penultimate segment of labial palpomere without setae; antennomeres 1-3 lighter than other antennomeres, scape and pedicel glabrous, antennomere 3 with a few fine and scattered setae; pronotum subquadrate, without protruded angles, with basal margin laterally oblique towards posterior angle; elytra more densely pubescent and punctate laterally and apically, with only a few hairs basally and on disc; striae 1-7 of elytra punctiform; striae 5-7 obliterated anteriorly; stria 8 linear, somewhat more impressed than other striae; mesocoxa with two long setae, one lateral seta and one posteromedial seta; sterna 4-5 with pair of long ambulatory setae, sternum 3 without such setae; last abdominal sternum with two pores in male, four pores in female; male protarsomeres 1-3 longer than wide and with protarsomere 1 longer than each of following two protarsomeres separately; tarsomere 5 of all legs setose ventrally. + + +Taxonomic position. + + +LaFerte-Senectere +(1851 + +: 274) proposed +Hololeius +for +Chlaenius nitidulus +Dejean, 1826, due to: 1, pronotum at the base narrower than the base of elytra; 2, lack of pubescence; 3, antennomere 3 not longer than subsequent antennomeres. He placed the genus in tribe +Oodini +LaFerte-Senectere +, 1851, concluding: +"C'est-a-dire +qu'a +l'exception +de la largeur du corselet, cet insecte +reunit +tout les +characters +a +l'aide +desquels nous avons +separe +les Oodites des +Chlaoenides." +. In terms of the present knowledge, I can state that the first and third characters are true, but not the second one. When examined it was found that +Hololeius ceylanicus +has the integument partially and diffusely punctate and pubescent, both dorsally and ventrally. This state is opposed to one of the basic features of the +Oodini +, namely the lack of pubescence and lack of extensive punctation of the integument ( +Bousquet 1996 +: 448). Hence, the three characters +LaFerte-Senectere +mentioned are typical of +Chlaeniini +. The length and ratio of antennomere 3 to the following antennomeres is not of tribal significance. + + +Hololeius +is usually placed in the beginning of the genera of +Chlaeniini +( +Lorenz 1998 +, +2005 +), presumably because of some odd features that it possesses. Actually, the genus combines characters distinctive for either one or the other tribe and the importance of each is discussed below (see +'Affinities' +under +Bamaroodes +gen. n., +'Discussion' +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/85/29/168529E6DFAE550F08937F7283949D33.xml b/data/16/85/29/168529E6DFAE550F08937F7283949D33.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..58ed353807c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/85/29/168529E6DFAE550F08937F7283949D33.xml @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ + + + +Order Pholidota + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +530 +531 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Manis (Manis) pentadactyla +Linnaeus 1758 + + + + + + + +Manis (Manis) pentadactyla +Linnaeus 1758 + +, +Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 36 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Taiwan +. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Chinese Pangolin +. + + + + +Subspecies: +: + + +Subspecies + +Manis (Manis) pentadactyla +subsp. +pentadactyla +Linnaeus 1758 + + + +Subspecies + +Manis (Manis) pentadactyla +subsp. +auritus +Hodgson 1836 + + + +Subspecies + +Manis (Manis) pentadactyla +subsp. +pusilla +J. Allen 1906 + + + + + +Distribution: +E +Nepal +; NE +India +; E +Bangladesh +; +Burma +; +Thailand +; N +Cambodia +; N +Laos +; N +Vietnam +; C and S +China +, including +Hainan +Isl; +Taiwan +. + + + + +Conservation: +CITES +– Appendix II; +IUCN +– Lower Risk (nt). + + + + +Discussion: +Subgenus + +Manis + +. +Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951:214) +recognized three subspecies. Zhang and Shi (1991) analyzed mtDNA in two scale color morphs and concluded they could represent two taxa but Su-Bing et al (1994) concluded from protein polymorphisms that the two morphs were indistinguishable. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/85/68/1685680F48AE5B23936831A4829648E8.xml b/data/16/85/68/1685680F48AE5B23936831A4829648E8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ce692c1ebbf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/85/68/1685680F48AE5B23936831A4829648E8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ + + + +Megafauna of the German exploration licence area for seafloor massive sulphides along the Central and South East Indian Ridge (Indian Ocean) + + + +Author + +Gerdes, Klaas +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0164-8311 +INES - Integrated Environmental Solutions, Wilhelmshaven, Germany +kgerdes@ines-solutions.eu + + + +Author + +Kihara, Terue Cristina +INES - Integrated Environmental Solutions, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Martinez Arbizu, Pedro +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Kuhn, Thomas +Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany + + + +Author + +Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich +International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica + + + +Author + +Mah, Christopher L +Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America + + + +Author + +Norenburg, Jon L +Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America + + + +Author + +Linley, Thomas D +Newcastle University, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Shalaeva, Kate +Natural History Museum London, London, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Macpherson, Enrique +Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB), Blanes, Girona, Spain + + + +Author + +Gordon, Dennis +NIWA, Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Stoehr, Sabine +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-7239 +Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden + + + +Author + +Messing, Charles G +Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, United States of America + + + +Author + +Bober, Simon +University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Guggolz, Theresa +University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Christodoulou, Magdalini +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Gebruk, Andrey +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kremenetskaia, Antonina +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kroh, Andreas +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-8848 +Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria + + + +Author + +Sanamyan, Karen +Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia + + + +Author + +Bolstad, Kathrin +Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hoffman, Leon +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Gooday, Andrew J +National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Molodtsova, Tina +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-6952 +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-09-28 + + +9 + + +69955 +69955 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955 +1314-2828-9-e69955 +3627CBB8E2915973B82E80F917CD11AD + + + + +Culeolus spp. indet. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. +Occurrence: +recordedBy: ROPOS.COM; individualCount: +1 +; lifeStage: +Adult +; behavior: attached to basalt; occurrenceStatus: present; preparations: Imaged only; associatedMedia: R2104_00106.jpg; +Taxon: +taxonConceptID: Culeolus spp. indet.; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Chordata; class: Ascidiacea; order: Stolidobranchia; family: Pyuridae; genus: Culeolus; taxonRank: Genus; scientificNameAuthorship: Herdman, 1881; +Location: +waterBody: Indian Ocean; stateProvince: Rodriguez Triple Junction; locality: Vent site 4; verbatimLocality: Cluster 5; maximumDepthInMeters: 2508; locationRemarks: RV Pelagia Cruise INDEX2018 Leg 2; geodeticDatum: WGS84; coordinateUncertaintyInMeters: 25; +Identification: +identifiedBy: Karen Sanamyan; identificationRemarks: Identified only from imagery; identificationQualifier: spp. indet.; +Event: +eventDate: + +2018-12-04 + +; eventTime: 8:09:09 am; year: 2018; fieldNumber: INDEX2018-85ROPOS; fieldNotes: 1.8°C, 34.7 ppt; +Record Level: +language: en; institutionCode: DZMB; datasetName: INDEX; basisOfRecord: Human Observation + + + + +Notes + +Fig. +65 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/85/97/168597F0F09A5EC4B44F55A8A2EA0C4E.xml b/data/16/85/97/168597F0F09A5EC4B44F55A8A2EA0C4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..743bd46690a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/85/97/168597F0F09A5EC4B44F55A8A2EA0C4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +The bees of the family Halictidae (Hymenoptera) described by Ferdinand Morawitz from the collection of Aleksey Fedtschenko + + + +Author + +Astafurova, Yulia V. +Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Nab., 1, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-7792 + + + +Author + +Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. +Federal Scientific Centre for East Asian Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +994 + + +35 +104 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.994.58441 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.994.58441 +1313-2970-994-35 +532128F58058479E82FE6C4B7C7A73FC +393B39D12EC55CC3A3C55FB4C1296D55 + + + + +38. +Sphecodes pectoralis Morawitz, 1876 +Figure 33 + + + + +Sphecodes pectoralis +Morawitz, 1876: 256, ♀. + + + +Type locality. +Shardara District of Turkistan Province (Kazakhstan). + + +Published (original) locality. +Kazakhstan: coasts of Kosaral Lake; Kyzylkum [desert] near Chakany Well. + + +Lectotype. + +♀, designation by +Warncke 1992 +: 24, 24.[IV.1871] // +Kosaral +[Kazakhstan, "Kosaral Lake", Shardara (= Chardara) District of Turkistan (= South-Kazakhstan) Province], ≈ +41°10'N +, +68°06'E +// + +Sphecodes pectoralis + +Mor. [handwritten by F. Morawitz] // Lectotypus, +Warncke 1975 +<red label> [ZMMU]. + + + +Paralectotype. + +1 ♀, 28.[VI.1871] // +Kyzylkum +[Kyzylkum] // Paralectotype + +Sphecodes pectoralis + +Mor., design. Warncke <red label, labelled by Yu. Astafurova> [ZMMU]. + + + +Current status. + + +Sphecodes pectoralis + +Morawitz, 1876. + + + +Remarks. + +Description of male. +Meyer 1919 +: 126, as + +Sphecodes cristatus + +sensu Meyer (non Hagens 1882) (see + +Bluethgen +1924 + +: 475). + + + +Distribution. + +South Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China (Gansu, Xinjiang) ( +Astafurova et al. 2018a +, +b +, +2020 +). + + + +Figure 33. + +Sphecodes pectoralis + +Morawitz, 1876, lectotype, female +A +head, frontal view +B +habitus, lateral view and labels +C +mesosoma, dorsal view +D +metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars: 2.0 mm ( +B, D +), 1.0 mm ( +A, C +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/86/5F/16865FC07744AC9D5759D3903A3DC364.xml b/data/16/86/5F/16865FC07744AC9D5759D3903A3DC364.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf750069892 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/86/5F/16865FC07744AC9D5759D3903A3DC364.xml @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ + + + +Systematics of the Madagascar Anelosimus spiders: remarkable local richness and endemism, and dual colonization from the Americas + + + +Author + +Agnarsson, Ingi + + + +Author + +Jencik, Brian B. + + + +Author + +Veve, Giselle M. + + + +Author + +Hanitriniaina, Sahondra + + + +Author + +Agostini, Diego + + + +Author + +Goh, Seok Ping + + + +Author + +Pruitt, Jonathan + + + +Author + +Kuntner, Matjaz + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +509 + + +13 +52 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.509.8897 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.509.8897 +1313-2970-509-13 +6DD8D4EB478844E2B34C995D87F2A0DE + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Theridiidae + + + +Anelosimus andasibe Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005 +Fig. 6 +E-F + + + + +Notes +. + +The species, known only from females, is rediagnosed and genitalia re-illustrated. + + +Type material. + +Holotype female from +Perinet +Special Reserve (P.N. Andasibe Mantadia), Toamasina Province, Madagascar, ( +18.935°S +, +48.418°E +), 7-8.v.2001, montane forest, 900-1000 m, (I. Agnarsson and M. Kuntner), in NMNH, examined. + + + +Other material. +Additional specimens from same locality, 3-20.iv.2008 and 12-28.xi.2008, col. Agnarsson, Kuntner, and Hanitriniaina. + + +Diagnosis. + + +Anelosimus +andasibe + +differs from all but +Anelosimus nazariani +, +Anelosimus buffoni +sp. n., and +Anelosimus wallacei +sp. n. by the W-shaped septum (Fig. 6E), and from +Anelosimus nazariani +by the small distance between the septum and the epigynal margin and by being smaller. Clear diagnostic features separating females of the very similar +Anelosimus andasibe +, +Anelosimus buffoni +sp. n., and +Anelosimus wallacei +sp. n. have not been established, however, we predict they will be readily diagnosable based on palpal organs once males are discovered. +Anelosimus andasibe +can be diagnosed from +Anelosimus wallacei +sp. n. by lacking substitution A (241), and from +Anelosimus wallacei +sp. n. and +Anelosimus buffoni +sp. n. by lacking substitution G (249). It can be diagnosed from other Madagascan +Anelosimus +on the basis of the following unique mtDNA nucleotide substitutions at the following standard DNA barcode alignment positions: C (124), G (415), G (496), G (769). It can also be readily diagnosed from most other +Anelosimus +based the following partially shared nucleotide substitutions, and all other species by their unique combination: G (79, except some +Anelosimus lamarcki +sp. n.), G (184, except +Anelosimus buffoni +sp. n. and +Anelosimus wallacei +sp. n.), G (202, except most +Anelosimus ata +sp. n.), T (479, except +Anelosimus nazariani +), G (511, except +Anelosimus buffoni +sp. n.and +Anelosimus wallacei +sp. n.), T (553, except +Anelosimus tita +), T (709, except +Anelosimus ata +), G (772, except +Anelosimus lamarcki +), (796, except +Anelosimus buffoni +and some +Anelosimus may +), G (838, except +Anelosimus darwini +). + + + +Distribution. +Only known from type locality. + + +Natural history. +As in other species of this group a female can be found in its web with close to 50 juveniles and juveniles appear to cohabit in the web until close to adulthood. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/86/D8/1686D8192F7C747F7B4386A63DA4D658.xml b/data/16/86/D8/1686D8192F7C747F7B4386A63DA4D658.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..14af6b36c79 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/86/D8/1686D8192F7C747F7B4386A63DA4D658.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +Arachnospila (Ammosphex) anceps (Wesmael, 1851) + + + + +Pompilus anceps +Wesmael, 1851 + + +vaga +(Harris, 1870, +Sphex +) preocc. + + +unguicularis +(Thomson, 1870, +Pompilus +) + + +crobaci +(Tournier, 1890, +Pompilus +) + + +expleta +(Tournier, 1890, +Pompilus +) + + +lustrica +(Tournier, 1890, +Pompilus +) + + +nava +(Tournier, 1890, +Pompilus +) + + +radiosa +(Tournier, 1890, +Pompilus +) + + +saxea +(Tournier, 1890, +Pompilus +) + + +peninsulana +(Wolf, 1966, +Pompilus +) + + +serica +Wolf & Moczar, 1972 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/87/13/168713B4D3401D3F5B921CF222D6C901.xml b/data/16/87/13/168713B4D3401D3F5B921CF222D6C901.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68bc5c19908 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/87/13/168713B4D3401D3F5B921CF222D6C901.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828-4-8151 + + + + +Pygostolus otiorhynchi (Boudier, 1834) + + + + +Bracon otiorhynchi +Boudier, 1834 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland + + +Notes + +Achterberg (1992a) +separated otiorhynchi from falcatus but +Belokobylskij et al. (2003) +, without comment, treated the two names as synonymous again. This is not followed here as otiorhynchi and falcatus seem to be distinct species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/87/1F/16871FAC788D4459AB2A7206A462749C.xml b/data/16/87/1F/16871FAC788D4459AB2A7206A462749C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4b3f8aaabbd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/87/1F/16871FAC788D4459AB2A7206A462749C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +Deep-Water Octocorals (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Galapagos and Cocos Islands. Part 1: Suborder Calcaxonia + + + +Author + +Cairns, Stephen D. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +729 + + +1 +46 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21779 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.729.21779 +1313-2970-729-1 +F54F5FF9F0B449C584A48E4BFC345B54 + + + + +Narella ambigua (Studer, 1894) +Figures 2e, 9 + + + + + +Stachyodes +ambigua + +Studer 1894 +: 63-64; +Menneking 1905 +: 248-251, pl. 8, figs 1-2, pl. 9, figs 11-12; +Versluys 1906 +: 103-104; + +Kuekenthal +1919 + +: 464 (key to species); 1924: 314. + + +Narella ambigua +Cairns and Bayer 2007 +(not 2008): 86 (listed); +Cairns 2007b +: 512 (listed); +Cairns and Bayer 2009 +: 30 (listed). + + + +Material examined. +Branch fragments and detached polyps from Alb-3404, MCZ 79048, and USNM 1405230 (topotypic: possible syntypes); Alb-2818, 1 colony and SEM stubs 2312-2315, USNM 44165; Gilliss-21, 1 branch, USNM 57576; JSL-I-1927, 1 colony, USNM 1297223. + + +Types. + +As mentioned in the account of +Calyptrophora agassizii +, about 65% of the type lot (branches and detached polyps) of that species consisted of +Narella ambigua +. +Narella ambigua +was collected at the previous station (Alb-3403) to that of +C. agassizii +(Alb-3404), approximately 20 km to the northeast and bathymetrically 2 m shallower, both stations from off the southern coast of San +Cristobal +. The +Narella +specimens were separated from the type lot of +C. agassizii +in 2008 and cataloged as MCZ 79048. Since the type of +S. ambigua +could not be found at the MCZ in 2008, the specimens cataloged as MCZ 79048 may serve as representative topotypic specimens, and may in fact be type material. A fragment of this colony is also deposited at the NMNH (USNM 1405230). + + + + +Type +locality. + + +Alb-3403: +0°58'30"S +, +89°17'W +(south of San +Cristobal +, +Galapagos +), 702 m depth. + + + +Distribution. + +Galapagos +: off Santiago, Santa Cruz, and San +Cristobal +), 702-741 m deep. Elsewhere: off Panama, 1463 m depth (herein, GS-21). + + + + +Description +. + +The colony is uniplanar, and dichotomously (laterally) and sparsely branched (Figure 2e), large colonies being up to 28 cm in height and up to 1 cm in basal branch diameter. Terminal branches may be quite long, up to 15 cm. The axis is pale yellow. The polyps are arranged in whorls of five to seven (Figure 9e); whorls are not directly adjacent to one another and thus there are only approximately 2.5 whorls per cm branch length; the whorl diameter of terminal branchlets is about 6-7 mm. The horizontal length of a polyp is 2.5-3.0 mm. +The basal scales (Figure 9c, f) stand perpendicular to the branch and extend up to 2.8 mm in height, the distal 0.6-0.7 mm portion projecting beyond the junction with the medial scales as a broad lobate extension (Figure 9b). The lateral edge of one of the basal scales of a polyp will often enlarge and curve toward the corresponding enlarged basal scale of the adjacent polyp, forming a solid tube up to 3.5 mm in diameter that houses a commensal polychaete worm (Figure 9e). The dorso- and anterolateral faces of the basal scales are gently curved, not ridged. The medial scales (Figure 9g) are narrow, 0.9-1.1 mm in length, and have upturned edges proximally and distally (saddle-shaped). The buccal scales (Figure 9b, c, h) are longer (up to 1.6 mm) and about twice as wide as the medials, their distal edges rounded and smooth, forming a cowl (Figure 9a) up to 0.6 mm that encircles the operculum; the distal edges of the two buccal scales form a bilobate shape for the tip of each polyp, not unlike the distal edges of the basal scales. The ratio of the major body wall scales is about: 1:0.6:0.7. There are four pairs of small elliptical adaxial body wall scales (Figure 9d, j), ranging from 0.26 to 0.42 mm in greater diameter. The outer faces of all body wall scales are covered with small granules and thus look rather smooth. All of the opercular scales (Figure 9i) are roughly the same length, ranging from 1.0-1.3 mm in length, but the single abaxial opercular is quite broad (e.g., L:W = 1.2), whereas the single adaxial is quite slender (e.g., L:W = 3.0). The other six lateral operculars usually have a basal shoulder on their adaxial edges and thus have an intermediate L:W ratio. The outer surface of the operculars is granular like the body wall scales, whereas the inner surface bears a rounded keel. The coenenchymal scales (Figure 9k) are irregular to polygonal in shape, up to 1.4 mm in length, and have a flat to slightly concave outer surface. + + +Figure 9. Polyps and sclerites of +Narella ambigua +from Alb-2818, USNM 44165. a opercular stereo view of a polyp +b-d +abaxial, lateral, and adaxial stereo views of a polyp, respectively e axial view (drawing) of a whorl showing polychaete tube f basal scales g medial scale h buccal scales i opercular scales j adaxial buccal scales k coenenchymal scales. + + + + +Comparisons. + +Narella ambigua +is easily distinguished from the somewhat similar +Paracalyptrophora enigma +by its long terminal branches, polychaete commensalism that causes highly modified basal scales, fewer polyp whorls per cm, non-toothed basal scales, lack of an articular ridge, and granular (not ridged) coenenchymal scales. + + + +Remarks. +Although discussed by several authors through the years (see synonymy), this is the first subsequent report of this species since its original description. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/87/52/168752C31C3173F94C72299940881BBD.xml b/data/16/87/52/168752C31C3173F94C72299940881BBD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c7491184224 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/87/52/168752C31C3173F94C72299940881BBD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ + + + +Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species + + + +Author + +Fisher, J. Ray + + + +Author + +Fisher, Danielle M. + + + +Author + +Skvarla, Michael J. + + + +Author + +Nelson, Whitney A. + + + +Author + +Dowling, Ashley P. G. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +701 + + +1 +496 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261 +1313-2970-701-1 +23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD +23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD + + + + +Torrenticola unimaculata Fisher & Dowling +sp. n. + + + +Material examined. +HOLOTYPE (♀): from Canada, New Brunswick, York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036, DNA 3010. + +PARATYPES (7 ♀; 7 ♂): Arkansas, USA: 2 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Montgomery County, Caddo Gap, access track off Manfred Road, 0.3 km west of Route 8, 29 Jul 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110037 +* +4 ♀ from Montgomery County, Gaston, South Fork of Ouachita River, access off County Road 17 at Forest Road 903, 29 Jul 2011, by IM Smith, IMS110040 +* +2 ♂ from Montgomery County, Ouachita River, Pine Ridge, 5 Oct 2007, by AJ Radwell, & HW Robison, AJR070300A +* +2 ♂ from Montgomery County, Ouachita National Forest, South Fork of Ouachita River, 29 Jul 2011, by AJ Radwell, & B Crump, AJR110302 +* +New Brunswick, Canada: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036, DNA 3011 +* +1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from York County, SW Mirimachi River, beside Highway 107 between Napdogan and Juniper, 21 Jun 2012, by IM Smith, IMS120036. + + + +Type deposition. +Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and most paratypes (4 ♀; 3 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (3 ♀; 3 ♂) deposited in ACUA. + + +Diagnosis. + +Torrenticola unimaculata +are similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex ( +T. bittikoferae +, +T. hoosieri +, +T. larvata +, +T. pearsoni +, +T. olliei +, +T. sierrensis +, +T. tricolor +, +T. trimaculata +, +T. cardia +, +T. kringi +, +T. dimorpha +, and +T. mohawk +) in having a short, conical rostrum. +T. unimaculata +can be differentiated from most +Torrenticola +, including other members of the Tricolor Complex, by having a distinct dorsal pattern of a large anterior dorsal spot. The only other species with this pattern is +T. ululata +, which, like all +Rusetria +2-Plates, have anterio-lateral platelets fused to the dorsal plate and +T. kringi +, which has a more elongate rostrum (length/width = 1.9-2.2 in +T. unimaculata +, 2.6-3.2 in +T. kringi +). +T. unimaculata +are most similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex that have bold patterning ( +T. larvata +, +T. tricolor +, +T. trimaculata +, +T. cardia +, +T. kringi +, and +T. mohawk +). Female +T. unimaculata +can be further differentiated from these members of the complex by having a longer medial suture (♀ = 40-47.5 in +T. unimaculata +, 15-35 in others), except +T. cardia +(25-50) and +T. mohawk +(30-45). + + + +Description. +Female (Figure 265) (n = 6) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications. +Dorsum - (650-730 (720) long; 490-600 (600) wide) ovoid with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (127.5-145 (140) long; 62.5-70 (67.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (172.5-200 (200) long; 72.5-80 (80) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 350-425 (425)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.20-1.39 (1.20); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.34-1.41 (1.41); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.89-2.08 (2.07); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.29-2.57 (2.50); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.44 (1.43). +Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (242.5-265 (265) long (ventral); 176.25-194 (190) long (dorsal); 110-125 (125) tall) colorless. Rostrum (85-100 (92.5) long; 42.5-47.5 (47.5) wide) short and conical. Chelicerae (236-252 (250) long) with curved fangs (51-61.5 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.12-2.26 (2.12); rostrum length/width 1.89-2.18 (1.95). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (35-42.5 (42.5) long); femur (91.25-100 (100) long); genu (62.5-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (80-87.5 (87.5) long; 25-26.25 (26.25) wide); tarsus (20-25 (22.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.46-1.52 (1.48); tibia/femur 0.81-0.93 (0.88); tibia length/width 3.20-3.40 (3.33). +Venter - (700-860 (860) long; 539-630 (630) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (110-140 (140) long; 75-87.5 (80) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (40-47.5 (40) long). Genital plates (180-210 (210) long; 152.5-170 (170) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (243-290 (290) long (total); 128-162 (145) long (medial)); Cx-3 (358-426 (390) wide); anterior venter (182.5-205 (195) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.40-1.75 (1.75); anterior venter/genital field length 0.93-1.14 (0.93); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.15-1.30 (1.15); anterior venter/medial suture 4.06-4.88 (4.88). +Male (Figure 266) (n = 6) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications. +Dorsum- (525-690 (690) long; 400-520 (520) wide) ovoid with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (112.5-137.5 (137.5) long; 57.5-72.5 (72.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (160-205 (205) long; 65-82.5 (82.5) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 320-405 (405)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.30-1.43 (1.33); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.23-1.28 (1.28); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.90-2.09 (1.90); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.28-2.54 (2.48); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.43 (1.33). +Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (212.5-255 (255) long (ventral); 155-185 (185) long (dorsal); 90-110 (110) tall) colorless. Rostrum (80-95 (95) long; 37.5-48.75 (48.75) wide) short and conical. Chelicerae (195-235 (235) long) with curved fangs (42-55 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.32-2.42 (2.32); rostrum length/width 1.95-2.2 (1.95). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (32.5-40 (40) long); femur (80-97.5 (97.5) long); genu (55-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (70-80 (80) long; 22.5-27.5 (27.5) wide); tarsus (20-22.5 (22.5) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.39-1.48 (1.44); tibia/femur 0.82-0.91 (0.82); tibia length/width 2.90-3.11 (2.91). +Venter - (640-800 (800) long; 448-570 (570) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (97.5-132.5 (132.5) long; 62.5-77.5 (72.5) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (107.5-125 (125) long). Genital plates (130-161.25 (161.25) long; 92.5-112.5 (112.5) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (218-338 (290) long (total); 109-165 (165) long (medial)); Cx-3 (218-338 (290) wide); anterior venter (265-300 (300) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.44-1.83 (1.83); anterior venter/genital field length 1.86-2.13 (1.86); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.67-2.92 (2.67); anterior venter/medial suture 2.30-2.49 (2.40). +Immatures unknown. + + +Etymology. + +Specific epithet ( +unimaculata +) named for the single dark dorsal spot of this species (unus, L. one; macula, L. spot). + + + +Distribution. +Known only from Arkansas and New Brunswick (Figure 264). + + +Figure 264. +Torrenticola unimaculata +sp. n. distribution. + + + + +Figure 265. +Torrenticola unimaculata +sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100 +µm +. + + + + +Figure 266. +Torrenticola unimaculata +sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100 +µm +. + + + + +Remarks. + +Torrenticola unimaculata +groups with other members of the Tricolor Complex with high support and specimens of this species are less than 2% different in COI sequence from each other. In all analyses, +T. unimaculata +groups with two other species which also have dorsal spots: +T. trimaculata +and +T. tricolor +. This clade represents some of the most distinctive of all +Torrenticola +. This species is greater than 7% different in COI from sister species. + +This species hypothesis is supported by high divergence between species (3-15%), and by the morphological characters outlined in the diagnosis. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/88/08/1688088B0322B87D4FD9F6DA72103090.xml b/data/16/88/08/1688088B0322B87D4FD9F6DA72103090.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16633d1716d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/88/08/1688088B0322B87D4FD9F6DA72103090.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Marine Bryozoa of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gerovasileiou, Vasilis + + + +Author + +Rosso, Antonietta + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10672 +10672 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10672 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10672 +1314-2828--10672 + + + + +Bugulina turbinata (Alder, 1857) + + + +Notes + +Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1984 +, +Castritsi-Catharios and Kiortis 1985 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/88/2E/16882EF2E80E8B192AFE8DE60AD7C3D2.xml b/data/16/88/2E/16882EF2E80E8B192AFE8DE60AD7C3D2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e3f75d435e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/88/2E/16882EF2E80E8B192AFE8DE60AD7C3D2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5447 +5447 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 +1314-2828-3-5447 + + + + +Calluga (Micrulia) crassitibia (Warren 1901) + + + + +Calluga (Micrulia) crassitibia +Warren 1901a + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: sex: +m +; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: NHM + + + + +Distribution +Type locality: Barat Daya Islands, Dammer [Damar] island + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/88/46/1688468623FBF11E37AEE3830B08CD49.xml b/data/16/88/46/1688468623FBF11E37AEE3830B08CD49.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e214c240a37 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/88/46/1688468623FBF11E37AEE3830B08CD49.xml @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ + + + +Parasitic copepods (Crustacea, Hexanauplia) on fishes from the lagoon flats of Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific + + + +Author + +Soler-Jimenez, Lilia C. + + + +Author + +Morales-Serna, F. Neptali + + + +Author + +Aguirre-Macedo, Ma. Leopoldina + + + +Author + +McLaughlin, John P. + + + +Author + +Jaramillo, Alejandra G. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Jenny C. + + + +Author + +James, Anna K. + + + +Author + +Hechinger, Ryan F. + + + +Author + +Kuris, Armand M. + + + +Author + +Lafferty, Kevin D. + + + +Author + +Vidal-Martinez, Victor M. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +833 + + +85 +106 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.833.30835 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.833.30835 +1313-2970-833-85 +6F31349BBF7D434D8C064128FDD76A56 + + + + +Caligus laticaudus Shiino, 1960 + + + +Type host. + +Pagrus major +(as +Pagrosomus major +) (Temminck & Schlegel) ( +Sparidae +). + + + +Other host and localities. + +Pagrus major +(as +Pagrosomus major +) ( +Sparidae +) from Japan ( +Shiino 1960 +). +Acanthurus olivaceus +Bloch & Schneider ( +Acanthuridae +) from Eniwetok Atoll; +Dentex tumifrons +(Temminck & Schlegel) ( +Sparidae +) from Korea; +Liza haematocheila +(Temminck & Schlegel) ( +Mugilidae +) from China; +Caranx melampygus +( +Carangidae +), +Lutjanus vitta +(Quoy & Gaimard), +Lutjanus russellii +(Bleeker) ( +Lutjanidae +) and +Parapristipoma trilineatum +(Thunberg) ( +Haemulidae +), +Polydactylus plebeius +(Broussonet) and +Polydactylus sextarius +(Bloch & Schneider) ( +Polynemidae +) from Taiwan; +Parastomateus niger +(Bloch) ( +Carangidae +) from Malaysia; +Filimanus heptadactyla +(Cuvier) ( +Polynemidae +) and +Rhabdosargus sarba +( +Forsskal +) ( +Sparidae +) from India ( +Ho and Lin 2004 +, +Moon and Kim 2012 +). +Gnathanodon speciosus +( +Forsskal +), +Caranx sexfasciatus +Quoy & Gaimard ( +Carangidae +), +Heniochus acuminatus +(Linnaeus) ( +Chaetodontidae +), +Kyphosus bigibbus +Lacepede +( +Kiphosidae +), +Pseudolabrus guentheri +Bleeker ( +Labridae +), +Pagrus auratus +(Forster) ( +Sparidae +) from Australia ( +Boxshall 2018 +). + + + +Current host. + +Rhinecanthus aculeatus +(Linnaeus), +Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus +( +Rueppell +) ( +Balistidae +), +Mulloidichthys flavolineatus +, +Upeneus taeniopterus +Cuvier ( +Mullidae +), +Chrysiptera glauca +(Cuvier) ( +Pomacentridae +) and +Epinephalus merra +Bloch ( +Serranidae +). + + + +Site of infection. +Gills.. + + +Prevalence and mean intensity. + +5.6 and 1 (n = 18) to +Rhinecanthus aculeatus +; 50 and 21 ++/- +26.9 (n = 4) to +Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus +; 13.5 and 1.5 ++/- +0.5 (n = 52) to +Mulloidichthys flavolineatus +; 60 and 2.7 ++/- +2.1 (n = 5) to +Upeneus taeniopterus +; 3.33 and 2 (n = 3) to +Chrysiptera +glauca +; 50 and 1 (n = 2) to +Epinephalus merra +. + + + +Specimens deposited. + +CHCM No. 566 (voucher) (1 vial, 2 specimens ♂ ♀) (from +M. flavolineatus +). USNM No. 1550600 (voucher) (1 vial, 1 specimen ♂) (from +M. flavolineatus +). + + + +Remarks. + +Ho and Lin (2004) +indicated that the female of +C. laticaudus +may be identified by a combination of five characteristics (the corpus of the maxilliped with a large, conical protrusion in the myxal region; the terminal elements on last segment of exopod of leg 1 lack accessory processes; outermost element 1 of the four terminal elements of leg 1 exopod about one third of the length of other three elements which are subequal in length; formula of the 3-segmented exopod of leg 4 as I-0; I-0; III; and the terminal three spines on leg 4 subequal in length). Our results support the view that +C. laticaudus +infects fishes only from the Indo-West Pacific. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/88/9A/16889A91179C55CF967F480AF432C9F0.xml b/data/16/88/9A/16889A91179C55CF967F480AF432C9F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9d79be1c2ec --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/88/9A/16889A91179C55CF967F480AF432C9F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + + +The diversity of macromycetes in peatlands: nine years of plot-based monitoring and barcoding in the raised bog " Mukhrino ", West Siberia + + + +Author + +Filippova, Nina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9506-0991 +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia +filippova.courlee.nina@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Zvyagina, Elena +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-4847 +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia & Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Rudykina, Elena +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia + + + +Author + +Dobrynina, Alevtina +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia + + + +Author + +Bolshakov, Sergey +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-7792 +Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-10-20 + + +11 + + +105111 +105111 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e105111 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e105111 +1314-2828-11-e105111 +FE074B9663235E1BB0D0F4DF63C1DFFD + + + + +Thaxterogaster pinophilus Soop + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +catalogNumber: +YSU-F-07312 +; recordedBy: + +Filippova +, +Nina + +; associatedSequences: +OQ366578 +; occurrenceID: +62B63D0B-CB2E-57E4-82B9-D6F2B0666695 +; + +Location +: + +country: +Russian Federation +; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: +Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug +; county: +Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon +; locality: + +Mukhrino +field station of YSU, +20 km +SW from +Khanty-Mansiysk + +; decimalLatitude: +60.891781 +; decimalLongitude: +68.684251 +; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Filippova +, +Nina +| +Zvyagina +, +Elena + +; dateIdentified: +2023-02-28 +; identificationRemarks: +Identification +based on morphological and molecular characters; + +Event +: + +eventDate: +2016-09-05 +; habitat: Pine-dwarfshrubs-S.fuscum ombrotrophic bog + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/88/A4/1688A400F2B595ED7A60B277932E1BFE.xml b/data/16/88/A4/1688A400F2B595ED7A60B277932E1BFE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a7eb18c60e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/88/A4/1688A400F2B595ED7A60B277932E1BFE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ + + + +The medicinal plants of Myanmar + + + +Author + +DeFilipps, Robert A. +Deceased + + + +Author + +Krupnick, Gary A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826 +Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA +krupnick@si.edu + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2018 + +2018-06-28 + + +102 + + +1 +341 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380 +1314-2003-102-1 +AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67 +1306325 + + + + +Euphorbia neriifolia L. + + + +Names. + +Myanmar +: +shazaung-myin-na +, +ta-zaung +, +zizaung +. +English +: hedge euphorbia, Indian spurgetree, oleander-leaved euphorbia. + + + +Range. +India; perhaps also East Indies. Cultivated in Myanmar and elsewhere. + + +Use. + +Leaf +: Used to treat asthma. + + + +Note. + +Perry (1980) +discusses the uses of the species in Taiwan, the Malay Peninsula, the Philippines, and Indonesia. + + + +Reference. + +Forest Department (1999) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/88/DC/1688DCCD464BCC9545B4A4759EACD4E9.xml b/data/16/88/DC/1688DCCD464BCC9545B4A4759EACD4E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..457941224bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/88/DC/1688DCCD464BCC9545B4A4759EACD4E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Nycteridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +391 +394 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Nycteris hispida +(Schreber 1775) + + + + + + + +[Vespertilio] hispidus +Schreber 1775 + +, +Die Saugethiere, Vol. 1: 169 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Senegal +. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Hairy Slit-faced Bat +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Nycteris daubentoni +E. Geoffroy 1813 + +; + +Nycteris martini +Fraser 1834 + +; + +Nycteris pallida +J. A. Allen 1917 + +; + +Nycteris poensis +Gray 1843 + +; + +Nycteris villosa +Peters 1852 + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Senegal +, +Gambia +, and extreme S +Mauritania +to +Somalia +and south to +Angola +, C +Mozambique +, +Botswana +, and +Malawi +; +Zanzibar +; Bioko ( +Equatorial Guinea +). A South African record is dubious; see +Cotterill (1996) +. + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +2003 and +IUCN +/ +SSC +Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (lc). + + + + +Discussion: + +hispida + +species group. Revised by + +Van Cakenberghe and De Vree (1993 +b +) + +; also see +Koopman (1975) +. Does not include + +aurita + +. Several subspecies are often recognized, but these do not seem justified; see + +Van Cakenberghe and De Vree (1993 +b +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/89/11/168911B188DF5550FEFB726CF6C31A36.xml b/data/16/89/11/168911B188DF5550FEFB726CF6C31A36.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3e0767fcbd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/89/11/168911B188DF5550FEFB726CF6C31A36.xml @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + + +Aperileptus infuscatus +Foerster +, 1871 + + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes +BMNH, added here + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/89/3D/16893D15D7C02B00284D8B0E811D3C2A.xml b/data/16/89/3D/16893D15D7C02B00284D8B0E811D3C2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa3d6e15701 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/89/3D/16893D15D7C02B00284D8B0E811D3C2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Thornhill, Robert + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Lindbo, David + + + +Author + +Stucky, Jon + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1099 +1099 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 +1314-2828-2-1099 + + + + +Carex lutea LeBlond + + + +Ecological interactions + +Conservation status +State E, Fed E; S2, G2. + + + +Distribution +Wet pine savannas (VWLPS). + + +Notes + +Infrequent. +May-early +Jun. Sorrie 10149 (NCU!), Thornhill 1277 (NCSC). Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run: Taggart SARU 88, SARU 701, SARU 702, SARU 703 (WNC!). [= FNA, Weakley] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/89/CA/1689CAE7D53159A3A9DDF5DF85E57278.xml b/data/16/89/CA/1689CAE7D53159A3A9DDF5DF85E57278.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..19c216cebf2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/89/CA/1689CAE7D53159A3A9DDF5DF85E57278.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) + + + +Author + +Neubauer, Thomas A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 +Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria +thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-07-05 + + +602 + + +1 +358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 +1313-2970-602-1 +65EFA27673454AC69B78DBE7E98D6103 +FFA86D39FFE2FFF3FF8AFFEBC209FFDE +126863 + + + + +† + +Melanopsis metochiana +Pavlovic +, 1932 + + + + +Original source. + + +Pavlovic +1932 + +: 239, 247, pl. 1, figs 3-5. + + + +Type horizon. +Pontian (Dacian Basin), late Miocene-Pliocene. + + +Type locality. + +"Sela +Drsnika" +[village Drsnik], Kosovo. + + + +Types. + +The illustrated syntype is stored in the Natural History Museum, Belgrade, coll. no. 1196 ( +Milosevic +1962: 24). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8A/1B/168A1BE4718555A8A4F131C956DB970D.xml b/data/16/8A/1B/168A1BE4718555A8A4F131C956DB970D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fd08537b520 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8A/1B/168A1BE4718555A8A4F131C956DB970D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +A contribution towards checklist of fungus gnats (Diptera, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) in Georgia, Transcaucasia + + + +Author + +Kurina, Olavi +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4858-4629 +Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi st 5 D, 51006 Tartu, Estonia +olavi.kurina@emu.ee + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-03-26 + + +1026 + + +69 +142 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1026.63749 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1026.63749 +1313-2970-1026-69 +05EFF10E62144368BE471AA57A2C38D7 +762AC1314DE05514BFD79A8DC8F34E2F + + + + +167. + +Mycetophila formosa +Lundstroem +, 1911 + + + + +Material. + +1♂ +, SJ-3; +1♂ +, SJ-8. Total: +2♂♂ +. + + + + +Distribution in +Georgia +. + + +Samtskhe-Javakheti +. + + + +General distribution. +Palaearctic. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8A/DF/168ADFBDE705D837CD2AD8BEB0688E4D.xml b/data/16/8A/DF/168ADFBDE705D837CD2AD8BEB0688E4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c99bf2eae43 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8A/DF/168ADFBDE705D837CD2AD8BEB0688E4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +Exploration into the hidden world of Mozambique's sky island forests: new discoveries of reptiles and amphibians + + + +Author + +Conradie, Werner +Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld), P. O. Box 13147, Humewood 6013, South Africa & South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, P / Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa +werner@bayworld.co.za + + + +Author + +Bittencourt-Silva, Gabriela B. +University of Basel, Biogeography Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Basel 4056, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Engelbrecht, Hanlie M. +South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X 7, Claremont, 7735, South Africa & Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa + + + +Author + +Loader, Simon P. +University of Roehampton, Department of Life Sciences, London, SW 15 4 JD, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Menegon, Michele +MUSE, Museo delle Scienze, Viale del Lavoro e delle Scienza, 3 Trento 38122, Italy + + + +Author + +Nanvonamuquitxo, Cristovao +Faculty of Natural Sciences, Lurio University, Pemba, 958, Mozambique + + + +Author + +Scott, Michael +Khangela Safaris, www. khangelasafaris. com, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe + + + +Author + +Tolley, Krystal A. +South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X 7, Claremont, 7735, South Africa & Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2016 + +2016-09-26 + + +92 + + +2 + + +163 +180 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948 +1860-0743-2-163 +9DA068DAB881409199FE252D31DDC7D1 +FFCC824A3E5F060CFFF2FF83B964FFD2 +155320 + + + + +Ptychadena anchietae (Bocage, 1868) + + + +Material + + +Mt. +M'paluwe +(PEM +A11376 +, male, 35.0 mm SUL) + +. + + + +Comments +Was found on dry leaf litter at low elevation. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8A/FB/168AFB1D2C52E35D5772EE8861EF190E.xml b/data/16/8A/FB/168AFB1D2C52E35D5772EE8861EF190E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f07ceb1220b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8A/FB/168AFB1D2C52E35D5772EE8861EF190E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Pterostichus subacutus (Casey, 1918) + + + + +Gastrosticta subacuta +Casey, 1918: 373. Type locality: +"Texas" +(original citation), restricted to "7.9 mi[les] S[outh] of Cuero, De Witt Co[unty]" by Bousquet (1999: 132). Lectotype (♀), designated by Allen (1977: 286), in USNM [# 47118]. + + + +Distribution. + +This species is known from a few localities in Oklahoma (Latimer and Marshall Counties, CMNH, CNC), eastern, central, and southern Texas (De Witt, +Madison +, Anderson, Lee, and Houston Counties, CMNH, CNC, MCZ; Riley 2011), and +"Louisiana" +(CNC). + + + +Records. + +USA +: LA, OK, TX + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8B/23/168B2364583C35BAFB362D904456B2C8.xml b/data/16/8B/23/168B2364583C35BAFB362D904456B2C8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a7ba98022c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8B/23/168B2364583C35BAFB362D904456B2C8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +Saproxylic beetles of the Po plain woodlands, Italy + + + +Author + +Stefanelli, Silvia + + + +Author + +Della Rocca, Francesca + + + +Author + +Bogliani, Giuseppe + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1106 +1106 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1106 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1106 +1314-2828-2-1106 + + + + +Pseudovadonia livida (Fabricius, 1776) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Silvia Stefanelli +; individualCount: +2 +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:114867; scientificName: Pseudovadonialivida; order: Coleoptera; family: Cerambycidae; genus: Pseudovadonia; scientificNameAuthorship: Fabricius 1776; Location: country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Pavia; locality: +SIC "Boschi Siro Negri e Moriano" - BN1 +; verbatimElevation: 68 m; verbatimCoordinates: 32T 503258E 5007870N; verbatimCoordinateSystem: UTM WGS 84; decimalLatitude: +45.224312 +; decimalLongitude: +9.041499 +; georeferencedBy: Silvia Stefanelli; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: Carlo Pesarini; dateIdentified: 2011 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Silvia Stefanelli +; individualCount: +2 +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:114867; scientificName: Pseudovadonialivida; order: Coleoptera; family: Cerambycidae; genus: Pseudovadonia; scientificNameAuthorship: Fabricius 1776; Location: country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Pavia; locality: +SIC "Boschi Siro Negri e Moriano" - BN5 +; verbatimElevation: 62 m; verbatimCoordinates: 32T 502886E 5008393N; verbatimCoordinateSystem: UTM WGS 84; decimalLatitude: +45.229029 +; decimalLongitude: +9.036770 +; georeferencedBy: Silvia Stefanelli; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: Carlo Pesarini; dateIdentified: 2011 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Silvia Stefanelli +; individualCount: +3 +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:114867; scientificName: Pseudovadonialivida; order: Coleoptera; family: Cerambycidae; genus: Pseudovadonia; scientificNameAuthorship: Fabricius 1776; Location: country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Pavia; locality: +SIC "Boschi Siro Negri e Moriano" - BN10 +; verbatimElevation: 76 m; verbatimCoordinates: 32T 504479E 5006332N; verbatimCoordinateSystem: UTM WGS 84; decimalLatitude: +45.210461 +; decimalLongitude: +9.057038 +; georeferencedBy: Silvia Stefanelli; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: Carlo Pesarini; dateIdentified: 2011 + + + + +Distribution + +Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Britain I., Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Danish mainland, Estonia, European Turkey, French mainland, Germany, Greek mainland, Hungary, Ireland, Italian mainland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova Republic of, Norwegian mainland, Poland, Portuguese mainland, Romania, Russia Central, Russia East, Russia North, Russia Northwest, Russia South, Sicily, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spanish mainland, Sweden, Switzerland, The Netherlands, Ukraine, Yugoslavia, East Palaearctic, Near East ( +Fauna Europaea (2013) +). + + + +Notes + +The larva lives in the soil and feeds on the mycelia of fairy ring champignons. The adult appears from June to August on various flowers, mainly in meadows ( + +Hurka +2005 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8B/69/168B694020DD6B5FAFB0CF82FA24465E.xml b/data/16/8B/69/168B694020DD6B5FAFB0CF82FA24465E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..72ea482cf65 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8B/69/168B694020DD6B5FAFB0CF82FA24465E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ + + + +The ant genus Carebara Westwood (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): synonymisation of Pheidologeton Mayr under Carebara, establishment and revision of the C. polita species group + + + +Author + +Fischer, Georg + + + +Author + +Azorsa, Frank + + + +Author + +Fisher, Brian L. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +438 + + +57 +112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.438.7922 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.438.7922 +1313-2970-438-57 +65A5BAEC5E984029A740637590BD3126 +65A5BAEC5E984029A740637590BD3126 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Formicidae + + + +Carebara nicotianae (Arnold) +comb. n., stat. rev. +Figure 12 + + + + + +Sporocleptes +nicotianae + +Arnold, 1948: 220. Three syntype(?) minor workers: ZIMBABWE: Macheke, 3.x.1948? [not examined]. + + +Aneleus politus nicotianae +(Arnold): as subspecies of +Aneleus politus +(Santschi): +Arnold 1952 +: 460 (combination; change of status). + + +Oligomyrmex politus nicotianae +(Arnold): +Ettershank 1966 +: 124 (combination). + + + +Diagnosis. +Antennae with 11 segments. Major worker: Head in full-face view wider than long, wider posteriorly than anteriorly, posterior margin of head widely and shallowly concave to V-shaped medially, face with coarse, irregular, longitudinal rugose-reticulate sculpture and weakly punctate interspaces, dorsum of scutum in profile strongly convex, propodeal spines acute, triangular and directed upward, petiole with short, anteriorly directed tooth anteroventrally, gaster with abundant, short, appressed pilosity plus longer suberect standing hairs. Minor worker: Head in full-face view oval with strongly convex sides, face smooth and shiny with frontal carinae ending at about cephalic midlength, posterior margin of head deeply concave, in profile propodeal dorsum straight, mesonotum and propodeum with areolate sculpture and spines well developed, moderately long and triangular. Gaster with several relatively long suberect hairs. + + +Figure 12. +Carebara nicotianae +. Minor worker, CASENT0066894: A head in full-face view C body in profile E body in dorsal view. Major worker, CASENT0066710: B head in full-face view D body in profile F body in dorsal view. + + + + +Description of major worker. +Measurements (n=1): HW 2.09, HL 1.78, SL 0.82, MDL 0.94, EL 0.15, WL 2.27, PNH 1.48, PNW 1.71, MNH 2.27, PDH 0.94, PTL 0.91, PPL 0.59, PTH 0.73, PPH 0.70, PTW 0.70, PPW 1.01, PSL 0.45, MFL 1.45, MTL 1.22, CI 117, SI 39, MDI 45, EI 7, FI 70, PSLI 21, LPpI 83, DPpI 172, PpWI 143, PpLI 64, PpHI 97. +Head distinctly wider than long (CI 117), in full-face view massive and weakly heart shaped, posteriorly wider than anteriorly. Posterior margin of head widely and shallowly emarginate, sides convex. Mandibles triangular and masticatory margin with six teeth including the basal tooth. Anterior margin of clypeus medially straight, laterally concave. Antennae eleven-segmented, scapes reaching slightly beyond midlength of head (SI 39). Eyes relatively small, multi-faceted (EI 7). +In profile, mesosoma queenlike and large, pronotum high, with large and convex scutum, scutellum inconspicuous, most likely fused with scutum. Promesonotal suture present, metanotal sclerite strongly reduced, present as narrow band below overhanging scutum-scutellum. Anepisternum and katepisternum large and well-separated from each other and segmental figs surrounded by relatively wide grooves with several short, parallel, coarse and transverse carinae. Dorsal face of propodeum nearly straight, propodeal spines relatively long, acute and with blunt tips, posterior declivity of propodeum slightly concave with a shallow lamella starting from below the base of the spines towards propodeal lobes. Propodeal spiracle situated nearly in the center of lateropropodeum. +Petiole with short peduncle, in profile ventrally straight, with rounded posteroventral corner, subpetiolar process short and digitiform, pointing anteroventrally, anterodorsal face slightly concave, posterodorsal face vertical and concave, petiole node massive and tapering apically, widely transverse on dorsal edge and posteriorly marginate. Postpetiole roundly convex in profile, about as high as petiole (PpHI 97) and distinctly higher than long (PpLI 64), convex anterodorsally, the posterior margin towards gaster oblique and linear, and with a very short ventral face. In dorsal view, petiole node anteriorly and posteriorly compressed, wider than long, anterior and posterior faces nearly straight, postpetiole about 1.4 times wider than petiole (PpWI 143), anterior and posterior faces convex. +Mandibles smooth and shiny, with weak rugulae laterally near the bases. Clypeus smooth and shiny medially, with lateral carinae. Frons and remainder of face with coarse, irregular, longitudinal rugose-reticulate sculpture, the interspaces superficially reticulate-punctate. Frontal carinae absent or inconspicuous. Dorsal pronotum anteriorly rugose-reticulate, grading to posteriorly weakly punctate, scutum grading from medially superficially punctate to laterally irregularly and posteriorly coarsely rugose-reticulate. Lateral pronotum, anepisternum and katepisternum mostly smooth and shiny, the latter weakly rugulose at margins. In profile propodeum longitudinally rugulose near the lateral base, dorsolaterally with coarse rugae and punctures in between. Posterior propodeal declivity weakly punctate. Petiole node punctate and with strong vertical rugae near the posterodorsal base. Postpetiole dorsum with irregular, longitudinal rugoreticulate sculpture. Gaster, near articulation to postpetiole, with many short, but strongly developed, longitudinal carinae, covered with a dense coat of short pubescence, and anterior quarter of first gastral tergite with faint longitudinal rugulae present. + +Head and body with abundant long, erect to subdecumbent hairs, and with short, appressed to decumbent, very fine pilosity, the latter very abundant on postpetiole and +gaster +. Scapes and tibiae with short, very fine, and decumbent pilosity. Color reddish brown, antennae, legs and gaster yellowish light brown. + + + +Description of minor workers. +Measurements (n=5): HW 0.46-0.47 (0.46), HL 0.52-0.54 (0.53), SL 0.35-0.37 (0.36), MDL 0.27-0.29 (0.28), EL 0.02-0.03 (0.02), WL 0.52-0.65 (0.56), PNH 0.23-0.24 (0.23), PNW 0.26-0.28 (0.27), MNH 0.31-0.33 (0.32), PDH 0.23, PTL 0.23-0.26 (0.24), PPL 0.14-0.15 (0.15), PTH 0.14-0.15 (0.15), PPH 0.09-0.10 (0.10), PTW 0.07-0.09 (0.08), PPW 0.11-0.12 (0.11), PSL 0.09-0.10 (0.09), MFL 0.38-0.43 (0.41), MTL 0.30-0.34 (0.31), CI 86-89 (88), SI 76-80 (77), MDI 58-61 (60), EI 5-6 (5), FI 84-90 (88), PSLI 19-21 (20), LPpI 141-167 (153), DPpI 70-81 (76), PpWI 127-161 (140), PpLI 56-67 (62), PpHI 63-68 (65). +Head longer than wide (CI 86-89), narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly, posterior margin of head sharply concave, occipital corners convex, sides strongly convex. Mandibles with five well-defined teeth. Anteromedian margin of clypeus concave, with triangular denticle laterally. Antennae with eleven segments, scapes reaching about 6/7 towards posterior margin of head (SI 76-80). Eyes consisting of one ommatidium (EI 5-6). +In profile, promesonotum weakly convex to almost straight, roundly convex at posterodorsal corner, metanotal groove weakly impressed to inconspicuous. Pronotum in profile about as high as propodeum. Dorsum of propodeum slightly convex and much shorter than posterior declivity, propodeal spines long, very acute and lamellate, lamella reaching from spines down toward propodeal lobes. Propodeal spiracle in profile close to posterior border of propodeum, somewhat below base of spine. +In profile, petiole with relatively long peduncle, ventrally weakly concave near the anterior corner and convex near the posterior corner, with a very short and angular tooth anteriorly, anterodorsally deeply concave at center, peduncle about as long as petiole node, dorsal face of node subangulate, anterodorsally rounded. Postpetiole in profile on average about 1.5 times longer than high (LpPI 141-167) and lower than petiole (PpHI 63-68), dorsally convex, bluntly angulate anteriorly and slightly rounded posteriorly, with a small, convex ventral process anteriorly. In dorsal view, petiole node about 1.5 times longer than wide, postpetiole on average 1.4 times wider than petiole (PpWI 127-161), with anteriorly converging sides. Gaster very slender in dorsal view, with acute anterior corners lateral of postpetiole attachment. +Mandibles, clypeus and face smooth and shiny, malar area up to eye level weakly longitudinally striate, with one or a few faint striae reaching posteriorly towards posterolateral lobes. Frontal carinae moderately long, continuing behind eye level to about midlength of head. Promesonotum and posterior declivity of propodeum mostly smooth and shiny, but mesopleuron and lateral and dorsal propodeum entirely areolate. Petiole areolate. Postpetiole mostly smooth and shiny and covered with weak punctures. Gaster smooth and shiny. + +Head and body with several, relativel uniformly spaced, moderately long suberect to subdecumbent hairs, short decumbent pilosity very scattered and almost entirely absent from head and body surface. Posterolateral head corners with two to three short +stiff +hairs. Scapes and tibiae with short, decumbent pilosity. Color dark orange with slightly lighter legs and gaster. + + + +Distribution and biology. + +Carebara nicotianae +is found in Zambia and Zimbabwe (type locality), collected in miombo woodland (Zambia) and at elevations ranging from 1300 to 1650 m. + + + +Comments. + +Carebara nicotianae +may be confused with +Carebara polita +but major workers of +Carebara nicotianae +are without horns at posterolateral lobes while those of +Carebara polita +have small protuberances or horns, and mesonotum and propodeum of +Carebara nicotianae +minor workers are areolate while those of +Carebara polita +are smooth and shiny. + + +As +the type material for this species could not be obtained during our studies, we used the original description and drawing of the type specimen by Arnold for the identification of our material. The facts that the material collected in Zambia is fairly close to the locality of the old types and that it does not fit the character distribution found within material of +Carebara polita +led us to the conclusion that the new material is conspecific with +Carebara nicotianae +. Therefore it is here reinstated to the status of full species. + + + +Material examined. + +ZAMBIA: Central: Lusaka, Leopard Hill, Kapuka Farm, -12.55483, 30.29567, 1300m, miombo woodland, 29. +xi- +3.xii.2005 (B.L. Fisher et al.); Central, Lusaka, Leopard Hill, Kapuka Farm, 1330m, miombo woodland, 3.xii.2005 (B.L. Fisher et al.); Northern, 5.3 km 247° Senga Hill, -9.386, 31.19683, 1650m, miombo woodland, 27.xi.2005 (B.L. Fisher et al.). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8B/76/168B76C850585C37ADDA15117E805C9F.xml b/data/16/8B/76/168B76C850585C37ADDA15117E805C9F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6b67f4e344c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8B/76/168B76C850585C37ADDA15117E805C9F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +A contribution towards checklist of fungus gnats (Diptera, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae, Mycetophilidae) in Georgia, Transcaucasia + + + +Author + +Kurina, Olavi +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4858-4629 +Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi st 5 D, 51006 Tartu, Estonia +olavi.kurina@emu.ee + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-03-26 + + +1026 + + +69 +142 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1026.63749 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1026.63749 +1313-2970-1026-69 +05EFF10E62144368BE471AA57A2C38D7 +762AC1314DE05514BFD79A8DC8F34E2F + + + + +245. +Zygomyia valida Winnertz 1863 + + + +Material. + +10♂♂ +, + +SZS-4 ( +4♂♂ +ZFMK +, +3♂♂ +IUTG +, +3♂♂ +IZBE +). Total + +: +10♂♂ +. + + + + +Distribution in +Georgia +. + + +Samegrelo-Zemo Svanethi +. + + + +General distribution. +Palaearctic. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8B/79/168B79091F3077F5EBB35BE94B032FE6.xml b/data/16/8B/79/168B79091F3077F5EBB35BE94B032FE6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d3e7b7f7ae5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8B/79/168B79091F3077F5EBB35BE94B032FE6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + + +Guide to the littoral zone vascular flora of Carolina bay lakes (U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Howell, Nathan + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Braham, Richard R + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7964 +7964 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7964 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7964 +1314-2828--7964 + + + + +Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Muhl. + + + + +Arundinaria tecta +Basionym: +Arundo tecta +Walter + + +Arundinaria tecta +Taxon concept: [< +A. gigantea +(Walter) Muhl. - RAB, GW; = FNA, Weakley] + + + +Distribution +Lake Waccamaw: Bennedict 4350 (DUKE!) + + +Notes +Arborescent herbs. Eulittoral zone; at or just below the mean annual high water mark (NLSS−LW). Apr−Jul. The first author has not encountered this taxon in the field, but a single voucher specimen (see above) places it within the immediate vicinity. Fig. 80 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8B/83/168B83CDBE2F8C5DC341EFD4701B4DD3.xml b/data/16/8B/83/168B83CDBE2F8C5DC341EFD4701B4DD3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3a15c0a9540 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8B/83/168B83CDBE2F8C5DC341EFD4701B4DD3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gkelis, Spyros + + + +Author + +Ourailidis, Iordanis + + + +Author + +Panou, Manthos + + + +Author + +Pappas, Nikos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10084 +10084 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 +1314-2828--10084 + + + + +Asterocapsa aerophytica F. Lederer, 2000 + + + + +Asterocapsa aerophytica + + + +Notes + +Lamprinou et al. 2012 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8C/16/168C161ED14C2D059EF3C47B07D10404.xml b/data/16/8C/16/168C161ED14C2D059EF3C47B07D10404.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b0765c20dff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8C/16/168C161ED14C2D059EF3C47B07D10404.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Poaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +1458 +1570 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Poa badensis +Willd. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: + +Blaetter +2-5 mm +breit + +, mit breitem Knorpelrand. + +Blatthaeutchen +an den obersten +Blaettern +bis +6 mm +lang, spitz + +, oft zerschlitzt. + +Aehrchen +deutlich zweischneidig abgeflacht + +, +gelbgruen +bis violett gescheckt. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 5-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Trockene, steppenartige +Haenge +/ kollin-montan / JS + + + + +Verbreitung global: +Europaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl Fsehr trockenLichtzahl Lsehr hellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rbasisch (pH 6.5->8.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Gewoehnliches +Badener Rispengras + +Nom +francais +: + +Paturin +de Baden + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8C/20/168C20E8F84C2D428B606F3C3172BB4B.xml b/data/16/8C/20/168C20E8F84C2D428B606F3C3172BB4B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00898023777 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8C/20/168C20E8F84C2D428B606F3C3172BB4B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +A revision of the Chinese Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea) + + + +Author + +Zhao, Ke-xin + + + +Author + +Achterberg, Cornelis van + + + +Author + +Xu, Zai-fu + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +237 + + +1 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.237.3956 +1313-2970-237-1 + + + + +Gasteruption transversiceps Pasteels, 1958 +Figs 309-316 + + + + +Gasteruption transversiceps +Pasteels, 1958: 208-209, fig. 30. + + + +Type material. + +Lectotype here designated, ♀ (USNM), "[E. Malaysia: Sabah], Borneo, Sandakan, Baker", +"Paratype" +, " +Gasteruption transversiceps +n. sp., J. Pasteels det., 1955", " +Gasteruption transversiceps +Pasteels, Pasteels, 1955". + + + +Additional material. +1 ♀, (ZJUH), "[China:] Hainan, Mt. Wuzhi, 15-16.V.2008, Jing-xian Liu". + + +Diagnosis. +Apical third of ovipositor sheath ivory (Fig. 313); ovipositor sheath 1.8-2.0 times as long as body; occipital carina narrow and hardly or not lamelliform (Fig. 309); head transverse in dorsal view (Fig. 315); vertex slightly convex in front of occipital carina, rather shiny and densely finely punctate, without a medio-posterior depression; fourth antennal segment about 2.6 times as long as third segment and third segment 1.1 times as long as second segment; frons rugose; mesoscutum rugose; middle lobe of mesoscutum moderately protuberant (Fig. 311); hind tibia narrow (Fig. 316); hind basitarsus dark brown subbasally; ivory apical part of ovipositor sheath 5-8 times as long as hind basitarsus; hypopygium deep slit-shaped incised apically. + + +Description. +Lectotype, female, body length 14.4 mm, of fore wing 8.4 mm. +Head. Head comparatively transverse (Fig. 315); vertex rather shiny and densely finely punctate but nearly smooth near occipital carina, slightly convex and without a distinct depression medio-posteriorly; frons rather coarsely finely rugose and with distinct narrow groove in front of anterior ocellus (Fig. 315); head directly roundly narrowed behind eyes; temple 0.5 times as long as eye in dorsal view; fourth antennal segment 2.6 times as long as third segment and 1.4 times as long as second and third segments combined, fifth antennal segment 2.4 times as long as third segment, third antennal segment 1.1 times as long as second segment and 1.3 times as long as wide; occipital carina narrow, not lamelliform, straight and entirely black medio-dorsally (Fig. 309); OOL 1.4 times as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; face moderately wide (Fig. 314); minimum width of malar space 0.4 times as long as second antennal segment (Fig. 309); clypeus medially flat, medio-ventrally emarginate because of narrow triangular depression medio-ventrally, its lateral corners protruding forwards (Fig. 314); eye glabrous. + +Mesosoma +. Length of mesosoma 1.7 times its height; pronotal side high and ventrally reticulate-rugose and dorsally finely punctate but rugose posteriorly, with a small blunt antero-lateral protuberance (Fig. 310); mesoscutum not protruding anteriorly; propleuron robust (Fig. 310), 0.8 times as long as mesoscutum in front of tegulae; antesternal carina narrow and narrowly lamelliform; mesopleuron and metapleuron largely moderately regularly rugose-reticulate; mesoscutum with satin sheen, middle lobe densely and partly transversely rugose and lateral lobe densely rugulose-punctate, medio-posteriorly coarsely reticulate (Fig. 311); scutellum largely coarsely irregularly rugose. + +Wings. Fore wing: first discal cell parallel-sided and with outer posterior corner rounded (Fig. 312), glabrous; vein SR1 distinctly sinuate. +Legs. Hind coxa superficially transversely rugose and shiny dorsally, but laterally mainly punctulate-coriaceous and with satin sheen; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 5.1, 5.9 and 6.5 times their width, respectively (Fig. 316); middle tarsus 1.2 times as long as middle tibia; middle femur subparallel-sided and hardly slenderer than fore femur; hind femur slightly curved dorsally. +Metasoma. Ovipositor sheath about 1.8 times as long as body, about 7.9 times as long as hind tibia and about 2.7 times as long as metasoma; ivory part of ovipositor sheath incomplete, at least 3.5 times hind basitarsus; according to original description about 7.5 times as long as hind basitarsus ("posterior third of sheath ivory"); hypopygium slit-shaped incised apically. +Colour. Black or black-brown; mandible (except dark teeth), palpi, clypeus latero-ventrally, fore and middle legs (but middle femur somewhat darkened), hind coxa ventro-basally yellow-brown; hind tarsus (except basal half of basitarsus) and apex of ovipositor sheath broadly ivory; mesopleuron anteriorly and posteriorly and mesosternum largely brown; antenna, tegulae and remainder of legs largely dark brown; wing membrane subhyaline; pterostigma brown, but dark brown laterally. +Male. Unknown. +Variation. Chinese specimen: Body length 19 mm, ovipositor sheath twice as long as body, 2.8 times as long as metasoma, 5.3 times as long as hind tibia and tarsus combined and 9 times as long as hind tibia; its apical ivory part 6.7 times as long as hind basitarsus and 0.25 times length of ovipositor sheath. + + +Distribution. +Orental China (Hainan); East Malaysia (Sabah). + + +Biology. +Unknown. Collected in May. + + +Notes. +The designation of a lectotype is necessary because in the original description it is not indicated which of the type specimens (three females from Sabah and one female from Luzon) is the holotype. + + +Figures 309-316. +Gasteruption transversiceps +Pasteels, 1958, lectotype, female. 309 head lateral 310 mesosoma lateral 311 mesoscutum dorsal 312 fore wing 313 apex of ovipositor sheath 314 head anterior 315 head dorsal 316 hind leg. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8C/94/168C9450F846B793B4CCE0E0A6C0A0F7.xml b/data/16/8C/94/168C9450F846B793B4CCE0E0A6C0A0F7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68d42032901 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8C/94/168C9450F846B793B4CCE0E0A6C0A0F7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part T) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +878 +905 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Teucrium salicifolium +Linnaeus + +, + +Systema Naturae +, ed. 12, 2 + +: 388; + +Mantissa Plantarum + +: 80. 1767 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Oriente." RCN: 4133. + + + + + +Lectotype + +(Davis, +Fl. Turkey +7: 46. 1982): +Schreber +, Herb. Linn. No. 722.15 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Ajuga salicifolia + +(L.) Schreb. + +( +Lamiaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8C/D4/168CD4F5A8185197B9D81CC956C5401F.xml b/data/16/8C/D4/168CD4F5A8185197B9D81CC956C5401F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e3caa6a249a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8C/D4/168CD4F5A8185197B9D81CC956C5401F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) + + + +Author + +Neubauer, Thomas A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 +Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria +thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-07-05 + + +602 + + +1 +358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 +1313-2970-602-1 +65EFA27673454AC69B78DBE7E98D6103 +FFA86D39FFE2FFF3FF8AFFEBC209FFDE +126863 + + + + +† +Melanopsis (Lyrcea) senatoria var. intermedia Handmann, 1887 +[invalid] + + + +Original source. + +Handmann 1887 +: 19, pl. 2, fig. 14. + + + +Type horizon. +Pannonian, zone B-D, late Miocene. + + +Type locality. + +"Leobersdorf" +, Austria. + + + +Remarks. + +Junior homonym of + +Melanopsis intermedia + +Rzehak, 1883. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8C/DC/168CDC8D9D955473AFC8E696391A6376.xml b/data/16/8C/DC/168CDC8D9D955473AFC8E696391A6376.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7671f6351b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8C/DC/168CDC8D9D955473AFC8E696391A6376.xml @@ -0,0 +1,440 @@ + + + +Taxonomic study on the genus Stenochironomus Kieffer from the Baishanzu Nature Reserve, China (Diptera, Chironomidae) + + + +Author + +Song, Chao +College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China + + + +Author + +Zhu, Bin-Qing +Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China + + + +Author + +Moubayed-Breil, Joel +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6793-5746 +Freshwater & Marine biology, 10 rue des Fenouils, F- 34070 Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Lei, Teng +College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China + + + +Author + +Qi, Xin +College of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China +qixin0612@163.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-06-09 + + +1104 + + +93 +113 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1104.81403 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1104.81403 +1313-2970-1104-93 +E19A929655A846408DC00F9E34357F1E +F277CDFEDF6E5A888F2AB68235745385 + + + + +Stenochironomus annulus Song & Qi +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 3 +, 4 +, 5 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +(BOLD & TZU sample ID: ZJCH220; Field ID: BSZ87) 1 male, China, Zhejiang Province, Lishui City, Qingyuan County, Baishanzu National Nature Reserve, +27.76°N +, +119.31°E +, 11-12. VIII. 2020, light trap, Qi X & Song C. +Paratypes +: 2 males, same data as for holotype. + + + +Diagnostic characters. + +The adult males of + +S. annulus + +sp. nov. can be separated from known + +Stenochironomus + +species from China by the following combination of characters: spots on the membrane of wing restricted to RM and FCu areas; posterior portion of median vittae with little pale pigmentation; lateral vittae with stripe markings; postnotum with markings reaching the posterior margin; femur of mid and hind legs with an +Stenochironomus annulus +medially on each; superior volsella cylindrical, with four long setae; inferior volsella extending beyond apex of anal point, with two or three bristles and one well-developed terminal spine. + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the circular ring markings of the femur of mid and hind legs of the male adult. + + +Description. +Male imago (N = 3). Total length 3.59-4.17, 3.87 mm. Wing length 1.95-2.03, 2.00 mm. Total length / wing length 1.75-2.05, 1.94. Wing length / length of pro-femur 1.58-1.93, 1.73. + +Coloration +(Fig. +3 +). Mature adult mostly brownish. Head yellow. Thorax yellowish except for the lateral vittae, postnotum with dark pigmentation and medial lateral with light pigmentation (sometimes difficult to observe). Membrane with 2 dark spots restricted to RM and FCu areas. Legs. Apical 3/5 of femur of P1 dark brown; apical and annulus of femur, and Ta 5 P2-P3 dark brown; basal 1/2 of tibia of P3 dark brown. Abdomen. Tergites V-IX brown. + + + +Figure 3. +Male adult (holotype, in lateral view) of + +Stenochironomus annulus + +Song & Qi sp. nov. + + + + +Head +. + +AR 1.62-1.88 (2), ultimate flagellomere 680-770 +µm +long; Temporals 10-13, 12 setae including 5-8 inner, and 2-3 outer, verticals, postorbitals 1-3. Clypeus with 15-22, 19 setae. Tentorium 170-205 +μm +long, 45-53 +μm +wide at the widest part. Palp 5-segmented, lengths (in +μm +) of segments: 60-70, 66; 50-70, 60; 193-220, 203; 140-160, 152; 208-288, 248. Palpomere ratio (5th / 3rd) 1.09-1.31, 1.22. + + + +Thorax +. + +Dorsocentrals 16-17, 18; acrostichals 12-15, 14; prealars 5-6, 6; Scutellum with 11-13 setae in 2 rows. + + +Wing +(Fig. +4A +). VR 1.08-1.08, 1.06. Brachiolum with 2-3 setae. Distribution of setae on veins: R, 31-39, 34; R1, 28-40, 34; R4+5, 33-62, 46. Squama with 8-12, 10 setae. Anal lobe normally developed. + + + +Figure 4. +Male adult of + +Stenochironomus annulus + +Song & Qi, sp. nov. +A +wing +B +hypopygium in dorsal view +C +hypopygium in ventral view +D +legs. + + + +Legs +(Fig. +4D +). Fore leg: width at apex of tibia 43-50, 46 +μm +, tibia with blunt scale 35-40, 38 +µm +long. Mid leg: width at apex of tibia 53-65, 59 +μm +, tibia with 2 apical spurs 35-38, 37 and 40-45, 43 +µm +long. Hind leg: tibia 60-73 +μm +width at apex; tibial spurs 40-43, 42 and 40-43, 42 +µm +long, slightly fused medially. Lengths (in +μm +) and proportions of legs in Table +3 +. + + + +Table 3. +Male adult of + +Stenochironomus annulus + +sp. nov. Length (in +µm +) and proportions of legs ( +N += 3). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
-P1P2P3
Fe1060-1280, 1156920-1110, 9931120-1250, 1170
Ti1050-1150, 1116850-930, 8931070-1100, 1060
Ta 11500-1700, 1610540-720, 656860-910, 890
Ta 2750-820, 796370-380, 373460-500, 483
Ta 3630-660, 647270-280, 273360-380, 370
Ta 4440-570, 507150-160, 156220-220, 220
Ta 5210-240, 23075-90, 8280-100, 90
LR1.42-1.48, 1.440.64-0.80, 0.730.82-0.85, 0.84
BV1.75-1.80, 1.782.65-3.10, 2.872.64-2.78, 2.68
SV1.35-1.45, 1.412.52-3.33, 2.912.42-2.61, 2.50
+ + +Hypopygium +(Figs +4B, C +, +5 +). Anal point straight and parallel-sided in dorsal view, 103-113, 100 +μm +long and 30-43, 35 +µm +wide at base, 8-10, 9 +µm +wide at apex. Tergite IX with 19-22, 20 long setae medially and posterior margin of tergite IX with 6 strong setae and 5 spines. Laterosternite IX with 4-4, 4 setae. Transverse sternapodeme 43-50, 47 +μm +long; phallapodeme 78-88, 85 +μm +long. Gonocoxite 173-185, 181 +μm +long, gonostylus 205-270, 238 +μm +long. Superior volsella cylindrical, 40-45, 43 +μm +long, 20-20, 20 +μm +wide, with 4-5 long setae (Fig. +4C +). Inferior volsella elongate, 203-228 +μm +long, extending beyond the apex of anal point, with 2-3 long bristles and 1 strong terminal spine. HR 0.64-0.90, 0.77, HV 1.46-1.75, 1.64. + + + +Figure 5. +Male adult (holotype) of + +Stenochironomus annulus + +Song & Qi sp. nov. +A +hypopygium in dorsal view +B +hypopygium in ventral view +C +superior volsella. + + +Immature stages and female unknown. + + +Remarks. + +Morphologically, + +S. annulus + +sp. nov. shows high similarity to + +Stenochironomus xianjuensis + +Zhang, Gu, Qi & Wang, 2016, on the basis of the following similar common characters: membrane of wing with similar spot patterns; cylindrical superior and inferior volsella. However, the new described species could be distinguished in having a straight and parallel-sided anal point and different leg pigmentation patterns. According to the molecular data, + +S. annulus + +is sister to + +S. gibbus + +(Fig. +1 +), but could be separated by thorax vittate and leg coloration (Table +4 +). + + + +Table 4. +Main differences between + +S. annulus + +sp. nov., + +S. baishanzuensis + +sp. nov., + +S. gibbus + +, and + +S. xianjuensis + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
-Thorax vittaeAnal pointLegs pattern
+ +S. annulus + +Median vittae not obvious; lateral vittae with stripe pigmentationAnal point straight and parallel-sidedWith dark annulus on femur of P2 and P3
+ +S. baishanzuensis + +Median vittae with little pigmentation; lateral vittae with stripe pigmentationAnal point straight and parallel-sidedEntire femur of P2 pale; femur of P3 brown
+ +S. gibbus + +Thorax without pigmentationApex parallel-sided to slightly bulbousNearly 1/2 to entire femur of P2; basal 0.12-0.30 femur of P3 dark brown;
+ +S. xianjuensis + +Thorax without median vittae; lateral vittae with stripe pigmentationApex of anal point swollen and roundedApical 1/4 of P2 and P3 brown
+ + + +Distribution. +The species is currently known only from Zhejiang Province in Oriental China. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8D/5A/168D5AEFFCE76F959CCF7A935BE8CE6A.xml b/data/16/8D/5A/168D5AEFFCE76F959CCF7A935BE8CE6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..89b49852cdc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8D/5A/168D5AEFFCE76F959CCF7A935BE8CE6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Formicidae. + + + +Author + +Santschi, F. + +text + + +Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale (1911 - 1912). Résultats scientifiques. Hyménoptères + + +1914 + +2 + + +41 +148 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/8111/8111.pdf + +journal article +8111 + + + + +A. capensis Mayr, st. canescens Emery +. + + + + +Mayr, Verb. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 12, p. 699 (1862) ( +A. capensis +). - Emery, Ann. Mus. civ. Genova, vol. 38, p. 601 (1897), [[worker]] ( +st. canescens +). + + + +Afrique orientale anglaise: region cotiere, Ramisi (st. n°8, nov. 1911), 1 [[worker]]; - Blue Post Hotel, dans le pays Kikuyu (alt. 1.520 m., st. n° 29, l janv. 1912), 1 [[worker]]. +Uganda occidental: province d'Unyoro, pres Hoima (1909), 2 [[worker]]; - region de l'Albert-Nyanza (1909), 1 [[worker]]. + + +Distribution geographique. - Somalie, Abyssinie, Afrique orientale. Senegal. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8D/99/168D994D824708063DEAAE3B8610A4BC.xml b/data/16/8D/99/168D994D824708063DEAAE3B8610A4BC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ca9424040d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8D/99/168D994D824708063DEAAE3B8610A4BC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Agrypon sp. H + + + +Distribution +England, Wales + + +Notes +NMS, BMNH, det. Schnee, added here + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8D/F6/168DF67B77322C2F17ABA66292DE1317.xml b/data/16/8D/F6/168DF67B77322C2F17ABA66292DE1317.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..23746c63479 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8D/F6/168DF67B77322C2F17ABA66292DE1317.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +One hundred and one new species of Trigonopterus weevils from New Guinea + + + +Author + +Riedel, Alexander + + + +Author + +Sagata, Katayo + + + +Author + +Surbakti, Suriani + + + +Author + +Rene Taenzler, + + + +Author + +Michael Balke, + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +280 + + +1 +150 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.280.3906 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.280.3906 +1313-2970-280-1 + + + + +3. +Trigonopterus agathis Riedel +sp. n. + + + +Diagnostic description. + +Holotype, male (Fig. 3a). Length 2.04 mm. Color black; legs and antenna ferruginous. Body subglobose; in dorsal aspect with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron; with more distinct constriction in profile. Rostrum in basal half with 3 ridges posteriorly continued to and uniting on forehead; apical half scabrous; epistome smooth, forming indistinct transverse ridge. Pronotum punctate-rugose, interspaces between punctures forming longitudinal wrinkles; with distinct subapical constriction. Elytra subglabrous, striae deeply impressed, intervals costate; apex extended ventrad, beak-shaped. Femora edentate. Metafemur with denticulate dorsoposterior edge, subapically without stridulatory patch. Abdominal ven +ter +steeply flexed dorsad, concealed in elytral capsule. Aedeagus (Fig. 3b) with apex medially pointed; body in apical half with broad depression visible in lateral aspect; in basal half with x-shaped sclerite; subglabrous, with sparse indistinct setae; transfer apparatus markedly flagelliform, longer than body, curled, pointing apicad. Intraspecific variation. Length 1.86-2.04 mm. + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype (MZB): ARC1688 (EMBL # HE615975), WEST NEW GUINEA, Jayapura Reg., Cyclops Mts, Angkasa indah, +S02°30.346' +, +E140°42.087' +, 490 m, 28-VI-2010, sifted. Paratypes (SMNK): 4 exx, ARC1689 (EMBL # HE615976), same data as holotype. + + + +Distribution. +Jayapura Reg. (Cyclops Mts). Elevation: 490 m. + + +Biology. +Sifted from leaf litter in primary forest. + + +Etymology. +This epithet is based on the Greek noun agathis (ball, globe) in apposition and refers to the species' habitus. + + +Notes. + +Trigonopterus agathis +Riedel, sp. n. was coded as " +Trigonopterus +sp. 109" by + +Taenzler +et al. (2012) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8E/4E/168E4EFCFDDBDCB30B9C5BAA01BBDE37.xml b/data/16/8E/4E/168E4EFCFDDBDCB30B9C5BAA01BBDE37.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7421728f310 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8E/4E/168E4EFCFDDBDCB30B9C5BAA01BBDE37.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Checklist of the family Epitoniidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in Taiwan with description of a new species and some new records + + + +Author + +Huang, Chih-Wei + + + +Author + +Lee, Yen-Chen + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +5653 +5653 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e5653 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e5653 +1314-2828--5653 + + + + +Epitonium (Sodaliscala) multicostatum (G. B. Sowerby II 1844) + + + +Notes +new record of Taiwan + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8E/C4/168EC4A9D69CA7D235711FE1E2867A94.xml b/data/16/8E/C4/168EC4A9D69CA7D235711FE1E2867A94.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..19198aa459b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8E/C4/168EC4A9D69CA7D235711FE1E2867A94.xml @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +955 +1189 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Peromyscus melanotis +J. A. Allen and Chapman 1897 + + + + + + + +Peromyscus melanotis +J. A. Allen and Chapman 1897 + +, + +Bull. Am. +Mus +. Nat. Hist., 9: 203 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +México +, +Veracruz +, Las Vigas, +8000 ft +( + +2438 m + +). + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Black-eared Deermouse +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Peromyscus cecilii +Thomas 1903 + +; + +Peromyscus zamelas +Osgood 1904 + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Cordillera Transvolcanica in C +México +(E +Jalisco +to C +Veracruz +), northwards along Sierra Madre Oriental to S +Nuevo León +and along Sierra Madre Occidental to W +Chihuahua +; isolated populations in SE +Arizona +, +USA +. + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Lower Risk (lc). + + + + +Discussion: + +P. maniculatus + +species group. Genetic, karyotypic, and geographic variation studied by +Bowers et al. (1973) +, who included populations in S +Arizona +previously identified as + +P. maniculatus rufinus + +. However, see +Hoffmeister (1986) +who disputed their conclusions and maintained all +Arizona +populations as + +P. maniculatus + +. +Bowers (1974) +discerned no basis for subspecific divisions; geographic and nongeographic variation of populations inhabiting the +Cordillera +Transvolcanica evaluated by Martínez-Coronel et al. (1991). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8E/FD/168EFD30E44959B98C041473AD35E32B.xml b/data/16/8E/FD/168EFD30E44959B98C041473AD35E32B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7dcf71a2dce --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8E/FD/168EFD30E44959B98C041473AD35E32B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ + + + +A rich fauna of subterranean short-range endemic Anillini (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae) from semi-arid regions of Western Australia + + + +Author + +Giachino, Pier Mauro +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1167-5447 +World Biodiversity Association onlus. Private: via della Trinita 13, I- 10010 San Martino Canavese (TO), Italy +p.maurogiachino@libero.it + + + +Author + +Eberhard, Stefan +Subterranean Ecology Pty Ltd, 227 Coningham Road, Coningham, TAS 7054, Australia + + + +Author + +Perina, Giulia +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0349-3803 +Collections and Research, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-06-16 + + +1044 + + +269 +337 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.58844 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1044.58844 +1313-2970-1044-269 +DE81899437314028BBE9C53C4CE220AC +8EC99E5110F45866A56F56BA7EA3D3AB + + + + +Angustanillus Baehr & Main, 2016 +Figs 49-51 + + + +Type species. + + +Angustanillus striatipennis + +Baehr & Main, 2016 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Included species strongly characterised by: body very elongated, posterior supraorbital seta and longitudinal elytral grooves absent, pronotum with basal border narrower than anterior border, and sides posteriorly distinctly crenelated, basal seta of pronotum present, one or two elytral discal seta present, 8th pore of the umbilicate series located after the 9th pore (sensu +Giachino and Vailati 2011 +), metafemora dentate in males (state unknown in females), labial tooth absent, median lobe of the aedeagus long, slender and curved, parameres long and slender. + + + +Note. + +Describing + +Angustanillus + +Baehr and Main (2016) +mention the presence of two setae on the elytral disc, one located in the fifth basal section, and one in the fourth apical section. The species we describe here has only one seta, situated in the posterior one. Considering the taxonomic importance of the number of setae in establishing the systematics of a taxon in +Anillini +( +Giachino 2005 +; Giachno and Vailati 2011), together with the difficulties in identifying these setae without a proper preparation and observation with a microscope at high magnification, we consider the presence of one seta as the most probable character in this genus. However, in the genus diagnosis we account for the possible presence of one or two discal setae. + + +Additionally, in the genus diagnosis we indicate the presence of a large metafemoral tooth, at least in the male. The female of + +A. armatus + +sp. nov. is unknown to date, and the female holotype is known only for + +A. striatipennis + +Baehr and Main (2016) +, therefore still it is not possible to confirm the presence of this character state in both sexes of the two species. We hence re-describe the genus + +Angustanillus + +integrating the new characters presented by + +A. armatus + +sp. nov. + + + +Redescription. +Included large size species (TL> mm 2.40), anophthalmous. Depigmented and sclerified integument, with strong microsculpture (sometimes formed by distinct, deep, large punctures) and covered with dense pubescence. + +Head +wider than the pronotum base; mandibles short and simple, without hyperplasias. Maxillary palps ovoidal, swollen. Labium transverse, articulated; mentum not fused with submentum. Labial tooth absent. Antennae not strictly moniliform (with relatively elongated antennomeres). + + +Pronotum +elongated, with sides distinctly crenelated in the basal fourth, not sinuate in the basal third. Pronotum basal border slightly narrower than the anterior border; basal angles sharp and squared; basal seta present, placed before basal angles. + + +Elytra +subrectangular and elongated, separately rounded, not or distinctly emarginated apically; convex, without longitudinal grooves. Elytral striae present (4 striae) or missing (except for the sutural stria). Lateral margin, starting from the humeral area, hardly serrulate up to the level of 8th pore of the umbilicate series. + + +Scutellar pore present, large and umbilicate; umbilicate series of type B (sensu +Jeannel 1963 +; +Giachino and Vailati 2011 +), 8th pore placed after the 9th pore; disc bearing one (posterior) or two setae in the central area of the disc. + + +Legs +relatively long and slender. Male metafemora distally armed with a long, internal spur; metatrochanters normal; two protarsomeres dilated and without adhesive phanerae in males. + + +Aedeagus +relatively large; median lobe long, curved, not restricted before the basal bulb that is of normal size. Parameres relatively long and robust, bearing two setae: one apical and one subapical. Endophallus without sclerified phanerae. + + + +Species included. +The following two species belong to this genus: + + +Angustanillus striatipennis + +Baehr & Main, 2016 + + + +Angustanillus armatus + +sp. nov. + + + +Figures 49-51. + +Angustanillus armatus + +sp. nov., HT ♂ +49 +habitus +50 +left metafemur and metatrochanter in dorsal view +51 +aedeagus in lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8F/70/168F70ED96BDA9C0D791FDE4AEDA7518.xml b/data/16/8F/70/168F70ED96BDA9C0D791FDE4AEDA7518.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ed04cd2da0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8F/70/168F70ED96BDA9C0D791FDE4AEDA7518.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Generic and family transfers, and numina dubia for orb-weaving spiders (Araneae, Araneidae) in the Australasian, Oriental and Pacific regions + + + +Author + +W. Framenau, Volker + +text + + +Evolutionary Systematics + + +2019 + +3 + + +1 + + +1 +27 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.3.33454 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.3.33454 +2535-0730-3-1 +C7DB2091FB5440E8BDC27C92F218D53F + + + + +Araneus crinitus (Rainbow, 1893) + + + + +Anepsia crinita +Rainbow, 1893: 23-24, pl. 3, figs 5, 5a. + + +Araneus crinitus +(Rainbow). +Simon 1895 +: 869; +Rainbow 1911 +: 184; +Bonnet 1955 +: 471. + + +Aranea crinita +(Rainbow). +Roewer 1942 +: 826. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype of +Anepsia crinita +Rainbow, 1893: immature (?) female, Manly [ +33°48'S +, +151°17'E +, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA] (whereabouts unknown). + + + +Remarks. + +The holotype of +Anepsia crinita +is not present in the Australian Museum and must be considered lost. The original description of this species does not include an illustration of the epigyne nor are female genitalia mentioned anywhere in the text in contrast to all other species described in the same publication. +Rainbow (1893) +may therefore have described an immature specimen. +Simon (1895) +did not believe the species to belong to the genus +Anepsion +Strand, 1929 and based on its description considered it a 'normal +Araneus +'. It will not be possible to identify this species from the description alone and therefore I consider the species-group name +Anepsia crinita +a nomen dubium. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8F/82/168F8285DF34B19CAB76D95A08F0255B.xml b/data/16/8F/82/168F8285DF34B19CAB76D95A08F0255B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..611244a3deb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8F/82/168F8285DF34B19CAB76D95A08F0255B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Pseudanophthalmus intersectus Barr, 1965 + + + + +Pseudanophthalmus intersectus +Barr, 1965a: 57. Type locality: "Crossroads Cave, near Millboro Springs, Bath Co[unty], Virginia" (original citation). Holotype (♂) location unknown (originally in T.C. +Barr's +collection). + + + +Distribution. +This species is known only from the type-locality cave in western Virginia (Barr 2004: 18). + + +Records. + +USA +: VA + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/8F/8F/168F8F4F7DDDFA40603C4DCF3A0AF12C.xml b/data/16/8F/8F/168F8F4F7DDDFA40603C4DCF3A0AF12C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a1e9bb4921 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/8F/8F/168F8F4F7DDDFA40603C4DCF3A0AF12C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +252 +342 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Alsine media +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 272. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Europae cultis." RCN: 2166. + + + + +Lectotype +(Turrill in Turrill & Milne-Redhead, + +Fl. Trop. E. Africa, +Caryophyllaceae + +: 24. 1956): Herb. Linn. No. 388.1 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Generitype +of + +Alsine +Linnaeus + +(vide Hitchcock, +Prop. Brit. Bot. +: 143. 1929). + + + + +Current name: + + +Stellaria media + +(L.) Vill. + +( +Caryophyllaceae +). + + + + +Note: +Although Fawcett & Rendle ( +Fl. Jamaica +3: 178. 1914) indicated material in LINN as type, they did not distinguish between sheets 388.1 and 388.2 (which are evidently not part of a single gathering so Art. 9.15 does not apply). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/90/B3/1690B3CD325410D5E31455A83133AB4F.xml b/data/16/90/B3/1690B3CD325410D5E31455A83133AB4F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b6f7e86872d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/90/B3/1690B3CD325410D5E31455A83133AB4F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,288 @@ + + + +A new species and new records of the genus Alexeter Foerster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae) from Beijing with a key to Chinese species + + + +Author + +Sun, Shu-Ping + + + +Author + +Wang, Tao + + + +Author + +Sheng, Mao-Ling + + + +Author + +Zong, Shi-Xiang + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +858 + + +77 +89 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.858.35012 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.858.35012 +1313-2970-858-77 +7AF35F4407014CD4904C091928F3F5A5 + + + + + +Alexeter +beijingensis Sheng + +sp. nov. +Figs 1 +, +2 +, +3 +, +4 +, +5 +, +6 +, +7 +, +8 +, +9 +, +10 +, +11 + + + +Etymology. +The name of the new species is derived from the type locality. + + +Material examined. +Holotype female, Mentougou, Beijing, 20 August 2004, leg. Tao Wang and Shi-Xiang Zong (GSFGPM). + + +Diagnosis. + +Apical portion of clypeus shiny, apical margin weakly and evenly concave. Outer profiles of middle and hind tibiae with distinct spines. Propodeum ( +Fig. 7 +) shagreened, area between median longitudinal carinae shiny, almost smooth; posterolateral portion with long and dense grey setae. Head, mesosoma and metasoma almost entirely black. Subbasal portions of all tibiae and median bands of middle and hind tarsi white. + + + +Description. +Female. Body length approximately 11.5 mm. Fore wing length 10.0 mm. + + +Head. + +Inner margins of eyes weakly indented opposite antennal sockets. Face ( +Fig. 2 +) 1.3 times as wide as long, uppermedian portion slightly convex; shagreened, with dense fine indistinct punctures; upper margin with a small median smooth tubercle. Clypeus ( +Fig. 2 +) transversely convex medially; basal portion shagreened, with indistinct short transverse wrinkle; apical portion smooth, shiny; apical margin weakly and evenly concave. Mandible with dense dark grey setae, lower tooth slightly longer than upper tooth. Malar space 0.5 times as long as basal mandibular width. Gena almost evenly convergent backward, in dorsal view approximately 0.8 times as long as width of eye. Vertex ( +Fig. 3 +) and frons with sculpture as that of face. Postocellar line 0.5 times as long as ocular-ocellar line. Antenna with 50 flagellomeres; ratios of lengths from first to fifth flagellomeres: 4.8:2.2:2.0:1.9:1.7; ultimate flagellomere twice as long as penultimate flagellomere. Occipital carina complete. + + + +Figure 1. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Habitus (without wings), lateral view. + + + + +Figure 2. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Head, anterior view. + + + + +Figure 3. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Head, dorsal view. + + + + +Mesosoma. + +Pronotum shagreened, upper portion with dense fine transverse wrinkles; hind margin of lateral concavity with short transverse oblique wrinkles. Epomia indistinct. Mesoscutum ( +Fig. 4 +) finely shagreened, with relatively sparse shallow punctures, distance between punctures mostly subequal to one diameter of puncture. Notaulus weak, present on front half of mesoscutum. Scutoscutellar groove with dense longitudinal wrinkles. Scutellum and postscutellum finely shagreened. Mesopleuron ( +Fig. 5 +) with sculpture almost as that of mesoscutum, with indistinct fine punctures. Speculum very small, upper portion shagreened. Mesopleural fovea vestigial. Upper end of epicnemial carina almost reaching anterior margin of mesopleuron, at level of upper 0.6 of pronotum. Metapleuron almost flat, with sculpture as that of mesopleuron; posterior margin with short transverse wrinkles. Submetapleural carina distinct, complete. Wings ( +Fig. 6 +) slightly infuscate. Fore wing with vein 1cu-a distal to 1-M by 0.3 times length of 1cu-a. Areolet triangular, with long petiole, 0.4 times length of its height. 2m-cu slightly reclivous, connecting to posterior angle of areolet. Hind wing vein 1-cu 1.5 times as long as cu-a. Outer profiles of middle and hind tibiae with relative dense spines. Ratio of length of hind tarsomeres from first to fifth is 4.0:2.0:1.5:0.8:1.0. Tarsal claws simple, hind claw strongly thick and curved ( +Fig. 8 +). Propodeum ( +Fig. 7 +) with distinct posterior transverse and strong complete median longitudinal carinae, latter strongly constricted medially. Area between median longitudinal carinae shiny, with indistinct, irregular transverse oblique fine striae. Area petiolaris +with +irregular longitudinal wrinkles. Remainder with sculpture as that of mesopleuron. Posterolateral portion with long dense grey hairs. Propodeal spiracle circular. + + + +Figure 4. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Mesoscutum and scutellum, dorsal view. + + + + +Figure 5. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Mesosoma, lateral view. + + + + +Figure 6. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female +6 +wings +6a +areolet. + + + + +Figure 7. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Propodeum, dorsal view. + + + + +Figure 8. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Apex of hind tarsus with claw, lateral view. + + + + +Metasoma + +( +Figs 9 +- +11 +). Tergites shagreened. First tergite ( +Fig. 9 +) 2.4 times as long as apical width; median dorsal carina absent; dorsolateral carina indistinct, almost absent; spiracle distinctly convex, located slightly before mid of the tergite. Second tergite ( +Fig. 10 +) 1.1 times as long as apical width. Lateral margins of tergites 3 and 5, in dorsal view, almost parallel. Third tergite 1.1 times as long as apical width. Fourth tergite 0.8 times as long as apical width. Ovipositor sheath 0.5 times apical depth of metasoma. Ovipositor ( +Fig. 11 +) tapered from base to apex, with a large, deep, almost quadrangular notch. + + + +Figures 9. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. First tergite, dorsal view. + + + + +Figures 10. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Tergites 2-8, dorsal view. + + + + +Figures 11. + +Alexeter beijingensis + +sp. nov. Holotype. Female. Apex of metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view. + + + + +Coloration + +( +Fig. 1 +). Black, except for the following. Apical half of clypeus, anterior side and apical portion of fore femur red brown. Dorsoposterior portion of pronotum, fore tibia, basal halves of middle and hind tibiae except bases, mid tarsomeres 3 and 4, and hind tarsomeres 2-5 white. Apicomedian portion of scutellum yellowish white. Pterostigma and wing veins brownish black. + + + + +Comparative +diagnosis. + + +The new species is similar to + +A. niger + +(Gravenhorst, 1829) in coloration: mesosoma and metasoma black; basal and apical portions of hind tibiae black, median portions white or yellowish white, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following combinations of characters: median longitudinal carina of propodeum complete, strong (absent or indistinct in + +A. niger + +); fore wing vein 2m-cu connecting to posterior angle of areolet (basad in + +A. niger + +); antenna, face and tegula black (antenna yellow-brown, face and tegula yellow in + +A. niger + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/91/85/1691850A0A4E2E7C5191004B26CCD218.xml b/data/16/91/85/1691850A0A4E2E7C5191004B26CCD218.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3a4c1f370af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/91/85/1691850A0A4E2E7C5191004B26CCD218.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +Review of the New Caledonian species of Acritoptila Wells, 1982 (Trichoptera, Insecta), with descriptions of 3 new species + + + +Author + +Wells, Alice + + + +Author + +Johanson, Kjell Arne + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +397 + + +1 +23 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.397.7059 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.397.7059 +1313-2970-397-1 +213B7F9619904503BF09891445269D6C +213B7F9619904503BF09891445269D6C + + + + +Acritoptila forficata +sp. n. +Figs 18, 19, 35 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Superficially, males of + +Acritoptila +forficata + +resemble those of +Acritoptila parallela +sp. n., having similar elongate lateral lobes on abdominal segment IX. However, +Acritoptila forficata +has prominent forked parameres, rather than the fine filaments that characterize +Acritoptila parallela +and in that feature resemble +Acritoptila planichela +, although the parameres are more slender, and their forks more pronounced; +Acritoptila planichela +lacks lateral lobes on abdominal segment IX. + + + +Description. + +Male antennae each with 29-31 flagellomeres, with large +sensilla +placodea on surfaces; forewing length 2.1-2.3 mm (n = 3). Male genitalia (Figs 18, 19). Abdominal segment VII bearing a slender elongate process mid-ventrally. Abdominal segment IX in ventral view laterally produced posteriorly to form prominent lateral lobes. Gonopods and subgenital processes appear to be fused to form a rounded structure, apico-laterally rounded. Paired forked spiny parameres arise from stout apodemes. Phallic apparatus slender medially, dilated towards apex, a strap-like twist apically. Female unknown. + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype male (on slide): New Caledonia, Province Sud, Monts des Koghis, ca 800 m S Koghi Restaurant, +22.18406°S +, +166.50383°E +, 420 m, 11-26.xi.2003, Malaise trap, loc#022, KAJ (MNHP); Paratypes: 2 males, Province Nord, Mt +Panie +, stream at camp, +20.58139°S +, +164.76444°E +, 1310 m, 9.xii.2003-2.i.2004, Malaise trap, loc#074, KAJ (NHRS). + + + +Etymology. +Named for the forked appearance of the parameres. + + +Remarks. +Only 3 specimens of this species are known, from two widely separated localities, one in the south, the other in the north. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/91/AA/1691AA84FCD34E4B796BD4BD76F641D8.xml b/data/16/91/AA/1691AA84FCD34E4B796BD4BD76F641D8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b2676c99ea1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/91/AA/1691AA84FCD34E4B796BD4BD76F641D8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,307 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +955 +1189 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + +Lophiomyinae Milne Edwards 1867 + + + + + +Lophiomyinae Milne Edwards 1867 +, + +Arch. +Mus +. Hist. Nat. Paris, Memoires C ( +III +): 81-116 + + +. + + + + +Synonyms: +Lophiomides Milne Edwards 1867 +; + +Lophiomyidae +Gill 1872 + +; + +Lophiomyoidea +Gill 1872 + +. + + + + +Genera: +1 genus with 1 species: + + +Genus + +Lophiomys +Milne-Edwards 1867 + +(1 species) + + + + +Discussion: + +See +Carleton and Musser (1984) +for diagnosis, general characterisitics, habits, and habitat. The unique morphological adaptations of + +Lophiomys + +have always been recognized at either the family or subfamily level. Past estimates of phylogenetic relationships, or rather uncertainty, were expressed by arranging + +Lophiomys + +in its own family ( +Alston, 1876 +; +Ellerman, 1941 +; +Gill, 1872 +; +Reig, 1981 +; +Tullberg, 1899 +) or in a subfamily of either +Muridae +( +Carleton and Musser, 1984 +; +Musser and Carleton, 1993 +; +Thomas, 1896 +; +Weber, 1904 +; Winge, 1924), +Cricetidae +(G. M. +Allen, 1939 +; +Chaline et al., 1977 +; + +Corbet, 1978 +c + +; +Miller and Gidley, 1918 +; +Simpson, 1945 +), or + +Nesomyidae ( +Lavocat, 1973 +) + +. + + +Lavocat (1973) +regarded + +Lophiomys + +as a possible derivative from the Miocene Afrocricetodontinae. +Wahlert (1984) +postulated a close phylogenetic alliance, based upon dental morphology, between + +Lophiomys + +and + +Cricetops dormitor + +from the early Oligocene of Mongolia and +Kazakhstan +, allocated both to +Lophiomyinae +, and considered the subfamily closely related to +Cricetinae +. Close relationship between + +Lophiomys + +and + +Cricetops + +has been disproven ( +Carrasco and Wahlert, 1999 +), and + +Cricetops + +and the early Miocene + +Enginia + +from +Turkey +are now placed in the Cricetopsinae ( +McKenna and Bell, 1997 +), excluding + +Lophiomys + +. The independent acquisition of dental similarities between extant + +Lophiomys + +and + +Cricetops + +is indicated by lophiomyine fossils from +Spain +and +Morocco +. + +Protolophiomys ibericus + +, late Miocene of S +Spain +( +Aguilar and Thaler, 1987 +), combines some primitive cranial and dental states with the peculiar pebble-textured cranium like extant + +Lophiomys + +, and this combination also characterizes + +Lophiomys maroccanus + +from the Pliocene of +Morocco +( +Aguilar and Michaux, 1989 +-1990). Moroccan sediments have also yielded isolated molars identified as + +Lophiomys +sp. + +from Miocene-Pliocene (Geraads, 1998) and Pliocene-Pleistocene sediments ( +Aguilar and Michaux, 1989 +-1990). + + +Although extant + +Lophiomys + +have complex molars ( +Wahlert, 1984 +), they are less so in the extinct forms, which resemble Miocene cricetids such as + +Megacricetodon + +and + +Democricetodon + +. The latter first appears in early Miocene sediments of Europe, is among the most common cricetids uncovered in the middle Miocene, and is regarded as the ancestor for many later generic lineages (Kälin, 1999). + +Democricetodon + +has also been documented in the middle Miocene of East Africa, and +Tong and Jaeger (1993) +speculated that it represents the African ancestor of + +Lophiomys + +. Whether derived from an African or European ancestral stock, available dental evidence links + +Lophiomys + +with cricetids, not nesomyids, possibly originating from an ancestor resembling + +Democricetodon + +( +Carleton and Musser, 1984 +; +Tong and Jaeger, 1993 +). A test of this hypothesis with broader cladistic analyses of other information bases is welcomed. + + +Topachevskii and Skorik (1984) +described + +Microlophiomys + +, based upon isolated first upper and lower molars recovered from late Miocene sediments in +Ukraine +, as a member of +Lophiomyinae +. Its elaborate occlusal surfaces recall those of extant + +Lophiomys + +, but no other evidence so far confirms its allocation to the subfamily. The M1 (but not m1) also resembles that of extant + +Mesocricetus + +, and considering the spectacular parallelism in dental patterns among cricetids, one could interpret + +Microlophiomys + +as a derived form more closely related to Eurasian cricetines + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/91/D4/1691D4A5D008B14ADED1A4B3FA067DF6.xml b/data/16/91/D4/1691D4A5D008B14ADED1A4B3FA067DF6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4515b0239cd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/91/D4/1691D4A5D008B14ADED1A4B3FA067DF6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +New World species of the genus Calliscelio Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae, Scelioninae) + + + +Author + +Chen, Hua-yan + + + +Author + +Masner, Lubomir + + + +Author + +Johnson, Norman F. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +648 + + +1 +136 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.648.10935 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.648.10935 +1313-2970-648-1 +2A8EB7C41BD44C0D9F0AB3B39CB6C0B1 +2A8EB7C41BD44C0D9F0AB3B39CB6C0B1 + + + + + +Calliscelio +gatineau Chen & Johnson + +sp. n. +Figures 13, 118-123 + + + + +Description +. + + +Body length of female: 2.97 mm (n=1). Color of head: orange throughout. Color of antennal clava (A7-A12): dark brown to black. Shape of head: subglobose. Central keel of frons: absent. Setation of upper frons: with sparse, short setae. IOS/EH: IOS slightly greater than EH. Sculpture of ventrolateral frons: smooth with sparse punctures. Sculpture of frons below median ocellus: granulate to finely punctate. Sculpture of posterior vertex: granulate. Hyperoccipital carina: absent. Occipital carina medially: complete, weakly crenulate throughout. Length of OOL: less than 0.5 +x +ocellar diameter. Sculpture of postgena behind outer orbit: granulate. Ocular setae: absent. A4 in female: distinctly shorter than A3. A5 in female: shorter than A3, as long as wide. Shape of female A6: distinctly wider than long. + + +Color of mesosoma in female: orange throughout. Sculpture of dorsal pronotal area: rugose. Sculpture of lateral pronotal area: rugulose throughout. Sculpture of netrion: rugose. Notaulus: percurrent or nearly so. Sculpture of mesoscutum: granulate. Shape of mesoscutellum: semiellipsoidal. Foveolae of scutoscutellar sulcus between notauli: absent. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulate. Shape of metascutellum: posterior somewhat rounded, approximately 2.5 +x +wider than long. Sculpture of metascutellum in female: rugose. Dorsal propodeum in female: shallowly excavate medially, with lateral propodeal carinae widely separated. Sculpture of dorsal propodeum in female: rugose. Median keels on propodeum in female: absent. Mesopleural carina: absent. Sculpture of mesepisternum below mesopleural depression: smooth. Sculpture of ventral metapleural area: smooth. Color of legs: orange throughout. Sculpture of hind coxa: smooth. + +Color of fore wing: hyaline. Rs+M: spectral. Setae on R: short, decumbent, hardly exceeding the margin of the wing. Length of R: distinctly shorter than r-rs. Length of R1: approximately as long as r-rs. +Color of metasoma in female: orange throughout. Horn on T1 in female: present as a small bulge. Sculpture of T1 horn dorsally: granulate medially, with V-shaped keels laterally. Sculpture of posterior margin of T1 in female: longitudinally striate throughout. Development of longitudinal striae on T2 in female: reaching posterior margin of T2. Sculpture of T3: longitudinally striate throughout. Shape of T6 in female: short, wider than long. Sculpture of S3: longitudinally striate. + + +Figures 118-123. +Calliscelio gatineau +sp. n., female, holotype (OSUC 534340). 118 Lateral habitus 119 Head and mesosoma, lateral view 120 Dorsal habitus 121 Head and mesosoma, dorsal view 122 Head, anterior view 123 Metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species is most similar to the orange females of +Calliscelio rubriclavus +but can be distinguished based on the smooth sculpture of the mesepisternum below the mesopleural depression and the medially granulate T1 horn, with V-shaped keels laterally. + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet refers to the locality on the label of the holotype and should be treated as a noun in apposition. + + +Link to distribution map. +[http://hol.osu.edu/map-full.html?id=362062] + + +Material examined. + +Holotype, female: CANADA: QC, path/ridge/woodpile, Gatineau Park, +IX-XI +.1995, L. Masner, OSUC 534340 (deposited in CNCI). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/91/E4/1691E48409DF56EBB3F6C9BE8857DFB0.xml b/data/16/91/E4/1691E48409DF56EBB3F6C9BE8857DFB0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b16d40ac190 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/91/E4/1691E48409DF56EBB3F6C9BE8857DFB0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + +Benthic megafauna of the western Clarion-Clipperton Zone, Pacific Ocean + + + +Author + +Bribiesca-Contreras, Guadalupe +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8163-8724 +Life Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, London, UK +l.bribiesca-contreras@nhm.ac.uk + + + +Author + +Dahlgren, Thomas G. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6854-2031 +Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden & Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway + + + +Author + +Amon, Diva J. +SpeSeas, D'Abadie, Trinidad and Tobago + + + +Author + +Cairns, Stephen +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-9271 +Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA + + + +Author + +Drennan, Regan +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0137-5464 +National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK + + + +Author + +Durden, Jennifer M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6529-9109 +UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Eleaume, Marc P. +Collections & Research, Western Australia Museum, Perth, Australia + + + +Author + +Hosie, Andrew M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5683-662X +Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kremenetskaia, Antonina +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8851-3318 +School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK + + + +Author + +McQuaid, Kirsty +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-8332 +Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia + + + +Author + +O'Hara, Timothy D. +Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA + + + +Author + +Rabone, Muriel +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8351-2313 +National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK + + + +Author + +Simon-Lledo, Erik +UMR ISYEB, Department Origines et Evolution, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Smith, Craig R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-0889 +School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA + + + +Author + +Watling, Les +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6901-1168 +School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, USA + + + +Author + +Wiklund, Helena +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8252-3504 +Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden + + + +Author + +Glover, Adrian G. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9489-074X +National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-07-18 + + +1113 + + +1 +110 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1113.82172 +1313-2970-1113-1 +EB46BF265F2E51B3A83799886C5F084A + + + + +Plesiodiadema cf. globulosum (A. Agassiz, 1898) + + + + +Fig. 32 + + + +Material. + + +Clarion-Clipperton Zone • +1 specimen +; APEI 1; +11.2527°N +, +153.5848°W +; + +5204 m + +deep; +10 Jun. 2018 +; +Smith +& +Durden +leg.; +GenBank +: +ON400726 +(COI), +ON406628 +(18S); CASIZ 229305; +Voucher +code: CCZ_196 + +. + + + +Description. + +Single specimen, with a somewhat spherical, slightly flattened test (d = 2 cm, H = 1.5 cm). In situ colouration is purple, but the inflated anal cone is greyish blue (Fig. +32A +). Primary spines are also purple, very long (up to 17 cm), thin, flexible, and strongly verticillate (Fig. +32B, C +). Pedicellariae are tridentate (Fig. +32C +). + + + +Figure 32. +Plesiodiadema cf. globulosum +(A. Agassiz, 1898). Specimen CCZ_196: +A +in situ image +B +specimen after recovery +C +detail of pedicellaria of specimen CCZ_196. Scale bars: 2 cm ( +A +); 1 cm ( +B +). Image attribution: Durden and Smith ( +A +); Wiklund, Durden, Drennan, and McQuaid ( +B, C +). + + + + +Remarks. + +In 1980, the RV +Governor Ray +collected several +Aspidodiadematidae +specimens in the CCZ at ~ 4,800 m, and were assigned to the species + +P. globulosum + +. The type localities of + +P. globulosum + +are the north of Malpelo Island, and from off Galera Point, Ecuador in the Pacific Ocean, from 2877 to 3241 m depth ( +Agassiz 1898 +). There are no genetic sequences available on public databases for the genus, but both COI and 18S closest matches are to species of the genus + +Aspidodiadema + +A. Agassiz, 1879, within the same family (18S: 99.4% similar to + +A. jacobyi + +A. Agassiz, 1880). The COI-only tree recovered a monophyletic clade including three specimens of + +A. tonsum + +(Fig. +31 +), but the genetic divergence is within interspecific values for COI (6.5-11.7%). Despite morphological characters being in accordance with the diagnostic characters for + +P. globulosum + +, the specimen is listed as cf. as the collection site is much deeper than the type locality. + + + +Ecology. +The specimen was collected on the sedimented abyssal plain of APEI 1, at 5203 m depth. + + +Comparison with image-based catalogue. + +A very similar + +Plesiodiadema + +sp. morphotype (i.e., + +Plesiodiadema globulosum + +sp. inc., URC_003) has been commonly found in image-based megafauna assessments conducted in the eastern CCZ (e.g., +Amon et al. 2017b +) and other areas of the eastern Pacific abyss (e.g., Yuzhmorgeologiya exploration area; +Kamenskaya et al. 2013 +; Peru Basin; + +Simon-Lledo +et al. 2019a + +), both in nodule fields and in seamount areas. URC_003 is usually the most abundant echinoid encountered in image-based megafauna surveys conducted at the eastern CCZ. In contrast, URC_003 was not encountered in surveys conducted in abyssal areas of the Kiribati EEZ, where kamptosomatids (e.g., see below) appeared to dominate the echinoid community ( + +Simon-Lledo +et al. 2019d + +). + + + +Order +Echinothurioida +Claus, 1880 + + + + +Family +Kamptosomatidae +Mortensen, 1934 + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/91/FA/1691FA49B1BB9409252400CEF001309A.xml b/data/16/91/FA/1691FA49B1BB9409252400CEF001309A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..096459ce7bf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/91/FA/1691FA49B1BB9409252400CEF001309A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,176 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +955 +1189 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Peromyscus fraterculus +Miller 1892 + + + + + + + +Peromyscus fraterculus +Miller 1892 + +, +Am. Nat., 26: 261 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +USA +, +California +, San Diego Co., Dulzura. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Northern Baja Deermouse +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Peromyscus herroni +( +Rhoads 1893 +) + +; + +Peromyscus homochroia +Elliot 1903 + +; + +Peromyscus nigellus +(Rhoads 1894) + +; + +Peromyscus propinquus +J. A. +Allen 1898 + +. + + + + +Distribution: +SW +California +, +USA +, through +Baja California +Norte, to +EC +Baja California Sur +, +México +. + + + + +Discussion: + +P. eremicus + +species group. Long considered a geographic race of + +P. eremicus + +following the revision of +Osgood (1909 +; e.g., also and +Hall, 1981 +, + +Lawlor, 1971 +a + +). Studies of allozymic (Avise et al., 1974) and mitochondrial DNA variation ( +Walpole et al., 1997 +) within + +eremicus + +as conceived by Osgood have intimated that western and eastern moieties are specifically distinct. + +Riddle et al. (2000 +a + +, +c +) have confirmed this pronounced genetic divergence, reinstated + +fraterculus + +to species, demonstrated its common ancestry with + +P. eva + +, and interpreted its Pleistocene origination in a phylogeographic context. Synonyms follow + +Riddle et al. (2000 +c +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/92/68/1692686E4A1D948808AE5A1209E055BF.xml b/data/16/92/68/1692686E4A1D948808AE5A1209E055BF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ec428747276 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/92/68/1692686E4A1D948808AE5A1209E055BF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="74D72A43266F50B8F903E1CF5616E322" pageId="null" pageNumber="236" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="F9DE4F5CEA99B2DC7EA585B59A6A950A" pageId="null" pageNumber="236"> +<taxonomicName id="8FCEB5092107019B723AF1179B99C8E8" ID-CoL="MN97" ID-ENA="29660" authority="(L.) Keng" authorityName="Keng" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bothriochloa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ischaemum"> +<pageBreakToken id="C9B7DE3641EE7C7101683CAE5D621BFF" pageId="null" pageNumber="236">Bothriochloa</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="3BB7D14D5B0C9416D19C13B322256355" originalValue="Ischaémum" pageId="null" pageNumber="236">Ischaemum</normalizedToken> +(L.) Keng +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="3DB322AB7BE372359CDE8E3C513B86BA" pageId="null" pageNumber="236" type="reference_group"> +<paragraph id="83621ACCED93D7BB017A009F15FDB8B8" pageId="null" pageNumber="236"> +( +<taxonomicName id="4F09FF7E9339692ABBAFD1655E2860D6" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Andropogon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="null" pageNumber="236" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus"> +<emphasis id="677D49B99E0E87F670995C076CB6BCFF" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="236">Andropogon Ischaemum L.</emphasis> +</taxonomicName> +) +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="993CE1B50C818C5829EE9CBEC486E9D1" pageId="null" pageNumber="236" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="08414E83ED03986DAD0365E4F1AC0D60" pageId="null" pageNumber="236"> +<normalizedToken id="61BA82AAE1DD5B6F20FEFCD3EC1207B5" originalValue="Gewöhnliches" pageId="null" pageNumber="236">Gewoehnliches</normalizedToken> +Bartgras +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +30-100 cm hoch. Stengel aufrecht, gelegentlich verzweigt. +Blaetter +bis 3 mm breit, beiderseits locker mit 1-3 mm langen Haaren besetzt; +Blatthaeutchen +bis 1 mm lang, bewimpert; daneben am Blattgrund bis 5 mm lange Haare vorhanden; Blattscheiden kahl. +Scheinaehren +2-6, 3-7 cm lang. +Huellspelzen +der zwittrigen und der ♂ +Aehrchen +gleich, 4-5 mm lang, nicht hart. Deckspelze des zwittrigen +Aehrchens +nur aus einer braunen, wenig rauhen Granne bestehend, die 4-5mal so lang ist wie die +Huellspelzen +. Deckspelze des ♂ +Aehrchens +haeutig +, durchsichtig, zusammen mit den 2-3 +Zaehnen +viel +kuerzer +als die +Huellspelzen +. Vorspelze meist nicht vorhanden. - +Bluete +: Sommer und Herbst. + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n += +40: +Material aus +Europa +, Mittel- und Ostasien (var. + +Ischaemum +Celarier et Harlan + +), zum +grossen +Teil apomiktisch (Aposporie). +2n = 50: +Material aus China (Mehra et al. 1962). +2n = 50 und 60: +Material aus China, +Formosa +und Japan ( + +var. +songarica + +[Rupr.] Celarier et Harlan), fast +vollstaendig +apomiktisch; die beiden +Varietaeten +sind in den +aeussern +Merkmalen deutlich verschieden (alles nach Celarier und Harlan 1958, wo auch weitere Literatur zitiert ist). + + +Standort. +Kollin und montan. Trockene, steinige, nicht +geduengte +, kalkhaltige bis saure +Boeden +in sonniger Lage, Trockenwiesen. + + +Verbreitung. Eurasiatische Pflanze: +In +Europa +nordwaerts +bis Nordfrankreich, Mitteldeutschland, Tschechoslowakei, Polen, +Suedrussland +; +suedwaerts +bis Nordafrika, Kleinasien; durch Mittelasien und +Suedasien +(immer seltener werdend) bis Ostasien. Verbreitungskarten von Celarier und Harlan (1958) und Meusel (1964). (Die sonst in der Literatur angegebene weltweite Verbreitung in den subtropischen und tropischen Gebieten bezieht sich wohl auf die Artengruppe.) - Im Gebiet: Besonders in den +waermeren +Gegenden verbreitet und ziemlich +haeufig +; in den Nordalpen und im +noerdlichen +Alpenvorland selten. + + +Bemerkungen. +Singh und de Wet (1960) kreuzten + +B. +Ischaemum + +(2n = 40, Material aus Usbekistan in UdSSR) mit der australischen + +B. ambigua +S.T. Blake + +(2n = 60, Material aus Canberra, Australien); erstaunlicherweise war beim Bastard dieser geographisch weit entfernten Arten die Chromosomenpaarung (25 Paare) + +vollstaendig + +, was auf eine nahe Verwandtschaft der beiden elterlichen +Chromosomensaetze +schliessen +laesst +. + + + +B. +Ischaemum + +gehoert +in die Artengruppe der + +B. intermedia +Camus + +; die Vielgestaltigkeit dieser Artengruppe ist auf Bastardierungen zwischen Arten und zwischen Gattungen ( +Botriochloa +mit + +Capillipedium + +und + +Dichanthium + +), +Rueckkreuzungen +und partielle apomiktische Fortpflanzung +zurueckzufuehren +(de Wet und Harlan 1966). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/92/7B/16927B4EA91B4A072347C35EB712B05C.xml b/data/16/92/7B/16927B4EA91B4A072347C35EB712B05C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0bafc2f9441 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/92/7B/16927B4EA91B4A072347C35EB712B05C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography + + + +Author + +Price, Benjamin Wills + + + +Author + +Allan, Elizabeth Louise + + + +Author + +Marathe, Kiran + + + +Author + +Sarkar, Vivek + + + +Author + +Simon, Chris + + + +Author + +Kunte, Krushnamegh + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8051 +8051 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051 +1314-2828-4-8051 + + + + +Abroma bengalensis Distant, 1906 + + + + +Abroma bengalensis +Distant 1906 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNH(E) 1009605 +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Taxon: scientificName: Abromabengalensis Distant, 1906; Location: continent: Asia; country: +India +; locality: +Kurseong, Bengal +; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +[Metcalf, 1963] Bengal; India. [Duffels and van der Laan, 1985] Nepal. + + +Notes + +Authority: +Distant 1906c + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/92/B8/1692B87C7129DD3758F94F35CE415954.xml b/data/16/92/B8/1692B87C7129DD3758F94F35CE415954.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..22983c85934 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/92/B8/1692B87C7129DD3758F94F35CE415954.xml @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +754 +818 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Pteromys +G. Cuvier 1800 + + + + + + + +Pteromys +G. Cuvier 1800 + +, +Lecon's Anat. Comp., Part I: tab. 1 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Sciurus volans +Linnaeus 1758 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Sciuropterus +F. +Cuvier 1825 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +2 species with 4 subspecies: + + +Species + +Pteromys momonga +Temminck 1844 + + + +Species + +Pteromys volans +( +Linnaeus 1758 +) + + + +Subspecies + +Pteromys volans +subsp. +volans +Linnaeus 1758 + + + +Subspecies + +Pteromys volans +subsp. +athene +Thomas 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Pteromys volans +subsp. +buechneri +Satunin 1903 + + + +Subspecies + +Pteromys volans +subsp. +orii +Kuroda 1921 + + + + + +Discussion: +Subtribe +Pteromyina +. + +Sciuropterus + +was previously employed for this genus by +Simpson (1945:80) +; he believed + +Pteromys + +to be a synonym of + +Petaurista + +, but +Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951:466) +presented evidence for the validity of + +Pteromys + +. However, + +Pteromys + +may be the sister group to + +Petaurista +( + +Oshida et al., 2000 +b + +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/92/FD/1692FDEC1E8D592DA2D61A6828B54BD1.xml b/data/16/92/FD/1692FDEC1E8D592DA2D61A6828B54BD1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..207c89c6063 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/92/FD/1692FDEC1E8D592DA2D61A6828B54BD1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,190 @@ + + + +One new genus and four new species of Liocranidae Simon, 1897 (Arachnida, Araneae) from China and Vietnam + + + +Author + +Chu, Chang +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3520-5463 +College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416 +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China +lisq@ioz.ac.cn + + + +Author + +Yao, Yanbin +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-9299 +Jinshan College of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China + + + +Author + +Yao, Zhiyuan +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1631-0949 +College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning, China +yaozy@synu.edu.cn + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-10-06 + + +1181 + + +219 +240 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1181.108822 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1181.108822 +1313-2970-1181-219 +1DF5630C74594525892B647A84C2098F +6BA38450891853158C21659EC537DFD4 + + + + +Koppe ninger Chu & Li +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 1 +, 2 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar44617), +China +, Yunnan, +Pu'er +, +Ning'er +County, Jinpaoshan Park, +23°3.658′N +, +101°3.466′E +, hand catch in leaf litter, 26 July 2022, F. Gao leg. + + + +Etymology. +The specific name refers to the type locality and is a noun in apposition. + + +Diagnosis. + +The new species resembles + +K. princeps + +Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (cf. Figs +1 +, +2 +and +Deeleman-Reinhold 2001 +: 283, figs 391-396) by the similar rectangular epigynal window (Fig. +1A +), posteriorly located copulatory openings (Fig. +1A +), thin copulatory ducts (Fig. +1B +) and globular secondary spermathecae (Fig. +1B +). Females can be distinguished by the epigyne with a pair of long, oblique sclerotized area laterally (Fig. +1A +; vs. epigyne with a pair of short, similar point-shaped sclerotized area laterally), by the intertubular ducts globular (Fig. +1B +; vs. intertubular ducts tubular), by the primary spermathecae elliptical, separated by about their diameter (Fig. +1B +; vs. primary spermathecae kidney-shaped, separated by more than twice their diameter), by the secondary spermathecae separated by less than half of their diameter (Fig. +1B +; vs. secondary spermathecae separated by more than their diameter), and by the fertilization ducts pointing antero-laterally (Fig. +1B +; vs. fertilization ducts pointing postero-laterally). This species also resembles + +K. fusca + +Sankaran, 2022 (cf. Figs +1 +, +2 +and +Sankaran 2022 +: 438, figs 1, 2) by the similar rectangular epigynal window (Fig. +1A +), posteriorly located copulatory openings (Fig. +1A +), thin copulatory ducts (Fig. +1B +), globular secondary spermathecae (Fig. +1B +) and antero-laterally pointed fertilization ducts (Fig. +1B +). Females can be distinguished by the epigyne with a pair of long, oblique sclerotized area laterally (Fig. +1A +; absent), by the epigyne without distinct median flap (Fig. +1A +; present), by the intertubular ducts globular (Fig. +1B +; vs. intertubular ducts tubular, with anterior twist), by the primary spermathecae elliptical, separated by about their diameter (Fig. +1B +; vs. primary spermathecae kidney-shaped, separated by more than their diameter), and by the secondary spermathecae separated by less than half of their diameter (Fig. +1B +; vs. secondary spermathecae connected to each other). Male unknown. + + + +Description. + +Female +(holotype; Fig. +2A-C +). Total body length 5.35, carapace 2.22 long, 1.60 wide; opisthosoma 3.13 long, 2.11 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.08, PME 0.09, PLE 0.08; AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.10, PME-PME 0.18, PME-PLE 0.17, AME-PME 0.12, ALE-PLE 0.09. Carapace reddish-brown, smooth, with distinct radial grooves; fovea longitudinal, slit-like. Chelicerae reddish-brown, massive, with several setae on anterior surface, with three promarginal and seven retromarginal teeth. Endites and labium reddish-brown; endites narrower in middle, subapically with large, semicircular membranous area and dense scopula; labium longer than wide, with subbasal constriction and sparse scopula apically. Sternum reddish-brown, shield-shaped, with intercoxal sclerites between coxae; posterior margin extending between coxae IV; intercoxal sclerites distinctly enlarged, especially between coxae I and II, II and III. Legs yellowish-brown. Leg spination: femur I pl 1; tibiae I plv 9 rlv 8, II plv 7 rlv 6; metatarsi I plv 6 rlv 6, II plv 5 rlv 4. Palp and leg measurements: palp 2.97 (0.92, 0.43, 0.62, -, 1.00), I 8.76 (2.10, 0.69, 2.36, 2.23, 1.38), II 6.78 (1.84, 0.62, 1.61, 1.64, 1.07), III 5.89 (1.56, 0.60, 1.16, 1.59, 0.98), IV 8.29 (2.10, 0.70, 1.87, 2.37, 1.25). Leg formula: 1423. Dorsal opisthosoma brown with grey patterns, oval, with scutum covering half of dorsum surface. Lateral opisthosoma with pale stripes. Ventral opisthosoma yellowish with brown patterns posteriorly, epigastric scutum reddish-brown. Spinnerets yellowish. + + +Epigyne +(Fig. +1A, B +). Epigynal field nearly fan-shaped, with a pair of long, oblique sclerotized area laterally; posterior part medially with weakly sclerotized epigynal window. Copulatory openings hidden under epigynal plate. Copulatory ducts thin. Intertubular ducts globular. Primary spermathecae elliptical, separated by about their diameter; secondary spermathecae globular, separated by less than half of their diameter. Fertilization ducts pointing antero-laterally. + + + +Distribution. + +China (Yunnan, type locality; Fig. +12 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/93/09/1693092904E15894A2580FE1FF03A8A2.xml b/data/16/93/09/1693092904E15894A2580FE1FF03A8A2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..eb56c87416b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/93/09/1693092904E15894A2580FE1FF03A8A2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +A checklist of vascular plants of the W National Park in Burkina Faso, including the adjacent hunting zones of Tapoa-Djerma and Kondio + + + +Author + +Nacoulma, Blandine M. I. +Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Marco +Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany & Palmengarten, Frankfurt am Main, Germany +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6087-6117 +mschmidt@senckenberg.de + + + +Author + +Hahn, Karen +Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany + + + +Author + +Thiombiano, Adjima +Universite Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +8 + + +54205 +54205 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54205 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e54205 +1314-2828-8-e54205 +AC04300B71A5532C90F2702393102067 + + + + +Bulbostylis abortiva (Steud.) C.B.Clarke + + + + +Abildgaardia abortiva +(Steud.) Lye + + + +Distribution +Pluriregional African + + +Notes +Life Form: therophyte; Voucher: Zwarg 5 (FR-25005) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/93/51/169351C637E94D54B5ABD17BC477E8C5.xml b/data/16/93/51/169351C637E94D54B5ABD17BC477E8C5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01a262a2d7f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/93/51/169351C637E94D54B5ABD17BC477E8C5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomy of New World Euplectrus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Eulophidae), with focus on 55 new species from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica + + + +Author + +Hansson, Christer + + + +Author + +Smith, M. Alex + + + +Author + +Janzen, Daniel H. + + + +Author + +Hallwachs, Winnie + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +485 + + +1 +236 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.485.9124 +1313-2970-485-1 +F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F +F18CFD3D10294E8AA2E8CEF1AFDBAC8F + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Eulophidae + + + +Euplectrus mikeschauffi Hansson +sp. n. +Figures 26, 453-459, 772 + + + +Material. + +Holotype a female labeled "COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, ACG, San Cristobal, Puente Palma, 28.vi.2011, E. Araya, ex + +Enyo +ocypete + +eating +Tetracera hydrophila +, sibling of wasp DHJPAR0045452, 11-SRNP-2500" (BMNH). PARATYPES: 61♀ 6♂: COSTA RICA (ACG): Guanacaste: 25♀ 3♂ with same label data as holotype (BMNH, CNC, INBio, MZLU, MIUCR, USNM); Sector Pitilla, Ingas, 20.vi.2011, M. Rios, ex +Enyo ocypete +eating +Davilla nitida +, sibling of wasp DHJPAR0045456, 11-SRNP-31737 (36♀ 3♂, in BMNH, CNC, INBio, MIUCR, USNM). + + + +Diagnosis. + +Lower face medially yellowish-brown, pale area reaching to level of outer lateral margin of toruli (Figs 454, 455); fore and mid coxae yellowish-white, remaining parts of fore and mid legs and entire hind leg yellowish-brown (Fig. 453); dorsellum with a row of foveae along anterior margin (Fig. 772); propodeum with a wide median carina (Fig. 772); petiole 1.0 +x +as long as wide in female, 0.8 +x +in male; gaster in anterior +1/2 +with median part yellowish-white and lateral parts black, posterior +1/2 +black (Figs 456, 457); male antenna with scape enlarged, widest in the middle, and 2.5 +x +as long as wide (Fig. 459). + + + +Description. +Female. Length of body 1.9 mm. Antenna with scape yellowish-white, pedicel yellowish-brown, flagellomere 1 pale brown, 2-6 dark brown (Fig. 458). Mandibles and palpi yellowish-white. Head black and shiny, lower face medially yellowish-brown, pale area reaching to level of outer lateral margin of toruli, with parts between pale area and eyes black (Fig. 454). Frons with two irregular rows of setae (Fig. 464). Vertex smooth (Fig. 465). Occipital margin rounded (Fig. 465). + +Mesosoma black and shiny (Fig. 453). Each sidelobe of mesoscutum with 11 setae. Scutellum 0.9 +x +as long as wide; with rather weak engraved reticulation (Fig. 466). Dorsellum along anterior margin with a row of foveae (Fig. 772). Propodeum smooth (Fig. 772); anteromedially with a semicircular cup; propodeal callus with eight setae. Legs (Fig. 453): fore and mid coxae yellowish-white, remaining parts of fore and mid legs and entire hind leg yellowish-brown. Fore wing: costal cell with two irregular rows of setae on ventral surface, and margin with four setae close to marginal vein; with 21 admarginal setae, in basal +1/2 +in one row and in apical +1/2 +in two rows. + + +Gaster in anterior +1/2 +with median part yellowish-white and lateral parts black, posterior +1/2 +black (Fig. 456). + +Ratios. HE/MS/WM = 1.9/1.1/1.0; POL/OOL/POO = 6.7/3.8/1.0; OOL/DO = 1.4; WE/WF/WH/HH = 1.0/2.7/4.8/3.6; WH/WT = 1.1; PM/ST = 2.1; TS1/TS2/LT/LT1/LT2/LT3/LT4 = 4.3/2.8/7.3/2.0/1.8/1.0/2.0; LP/WP = 1.0; MM/LG = 1.1. + +Male. Length of body 1.6 mm. Scape white, enlarged and widest in the middle (Fig. 459), sensory pores confined to apicolateral +3/4 +on outside facing surface, sensory area white. Similar to female except shorter petiole and gaster. + +Ratios. LC/WS = 2.5; LP/WP = 0.8; MM/LG = 1.3. + + +Hosts and biology. + +Feeding on third instar larva of +Enyo ocypete +( +Sphingidae +) feeding on +Tetracera hydrophila +and +Davilla nitida +( +Dilleniaceae +), parasitoid cocoons stuck to dead larva and substrate. + + + +Distribution. +Costa Rica (Guanacaste Province). + + +Etymology. + +This species is named after Mike E. Schauff, in recognition of his contribution to the understanding of ACG +Hymenoptera +taxonomy. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/93/53/1693534F8209F015D2C530589682F099.xml b/data/16/93/53/1693534F8209F015D2C530589682F099.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..87c55e4e196 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/93/53/1693534F8209F015D2C530589682F099.xml @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part F) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +516 +528 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Festuca rubra +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 74. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Europae sterilibus siccis." RCN: 618. + + + +Lectotype +(Jarvis & al. in +Watsonia +16: 302, p1. 2B. 1987): +Linnaeus s.n. +(GB). + + + + +Current name: + + +Festuca rubra + +L. + +( +Poaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/93/89/169389F2BF512D6ACC321439C30D764F.xml b/data/16/93/89/169389F2BF512D6ACC321439C30D764F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4117830ce72 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/93/89/169389F2BF512D6ACC321439C30D764F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ + + + +Order Soricomorpha + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +220 +311 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Euroscaptor +Miller 1940 + + + + + + + +Euroscaptor +Miller 1940 + +, +J. Mammal., 21: 443 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Talpa klossi +Thomas 1929 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Eoscalops +Stroganov 1941 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +6 species with 2 subspecies: + + +Species + +Euroscaptor grandis +Miller 1940 + + + +Species + +Euroscaptor klossi +( +Thomas 1929 +) + + + +Species + +Euroscaptor longirostris +(Milne-Edwards 1870) + + + +Species + +Euroscaptor micrura +(Hodgson 1841) + + + +Species + +Euroscaptor mizura +(Gunther 1880) + + + +Subspecies + +Euroscaptor mizura +subsp. +mizura +Gunther 1880 + + + +Subspecies + +Euroscaptor mizura +subsp. +othai +Imaizumi 1955 + + + +Species + +Euroscaptor parvidens +Miller 1940 + + + + + +Discussion: + +Corbet (1978 +c +:32) + +, and subsequent work, included + +Euroscaptor + +in + +Talpa + +while Russian and Japanese authors retained it as a genus; most recently +Abe et al. (1991) +. Species allocations and limits are tentative. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/93/A8/1693A8FBD17A5E48A8C7B7419AF4BB22.xml b/data/16/93/A8/1693A8FBD17A5E48A8C7B7419AF4BB22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..08a5ea4a034 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/93/A8/1693A8FBD17A5E48A8C7B7419AF4BB22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ + + + +The Hercules pseudoscorpions from Madagascar: A systematic study of Feaellidae (Pseudoscorpiones: Feaelloidea) highlights regional endemism and diversity in one of the " hottest " biodiversity hotspots + + + +Author + +Lorenz, Michelle +Museum of Nature Hamburg - Zoology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & University of Hamburg, Biology Department, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany +michellelorenz@gmx.net + + + +Author + +Loria, Stephanie F. +Museum of Nature Hamburg - Zoology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Harvey, Mark S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1482-0109 +Western Australian Museum, Collections & Research, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia & University of Western Australia, School of Biological Sciences, Crawley WA 6009, Australia + + + +Author + +Harms, Danilo +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7189-5345 +Museum of Nature Hamburg - Zoology, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change (LIB), Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + +text + + +Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny + + +2022 + +2022-12-14 + + +80 + + +649 +691 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e90570 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e90570 +1864-8312-80-649 +AD0B1CC262414460B6B888E6B95F20D7 +FAE6DFEF69735531A4CBA275E078320D + + + + +Toliaranella pumila +sp. nov. + + + +Type material examined. + +MADAGASCAR: Holotype ♂ (CAS 9071606 [BLF5966]), allotype ♀ (ZMH-A0016718), paratypes: 25 ♂, 4 ♀ (CAS 9071606 [BLF5966]), 8 ♂, 3 ♀ (ZMH-A0016719 - ZMH-A0016729), Toliara Province, +Foret +de Tsinjoriaky, +22°48′08″S +43°25′14″E +, 6 March 2002, B.L. Fisher. + + + +Additional material examined. + + +MADAGASCAR +: +Toliara Province +[Atsimo-Andrefana Region]: +25 ♂ +, +10 ♀ +, 39 nymphs (CAS 9071598 [BLF 6070]), +6 ♂ +, +1 ♀ +, 5 nymphs (CAS 9071743 [BLF 6068]), + +Foret +de Beroboka + +, +22°13′59″S +43°21′59″E +, +12-16 March 2002 +, Fisher, Griswold et al + +. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Smallest body sizes of + +Toliaranella + +species and of all Malagasy feaellids (e.g., body length 1.56/1.96 ♂/♀ versus 1.60-1.85/2.04-2.33 ♂/♀; Pedipalps: femur length 0.44/0.53 ♂/♀ versus 0.45-0.55/0.56-0.67 ♂/♀); most robust male pedipalpal femur of + +Toliaranella + +(femur 1.63 +x +longer than broad versus 1.65-1.72); cheotaxy: +est +on fixed finger on same sagittal level as +sb +on movable finger ( +est +more distal than +sb +in + +T. griswoldi + +sp. nov. +and + +T. fisheri + +sp. nov. +). + + + +Etymology. + +This species is named after the latin ' +pumilus +, - +a +, - +um +' which means +"dwarf" +. The specific epithet references the small size of all specimens. + + + +Description. + +The following description is based on holotype and allotype. - +Carapace +(Fig. +20A +): 1.29-1.44 (♂), 1.24-1.47 (♀) times longer than broad. - +Pedipalp +(Fig. +20C, D +): Femora very robust (1.55-1.69 (♂), 1.43-1.80 (♀) times longer than broad; trichobothrial pattern: same as in + +Mahajanganella + +gen. nov. +, except: +est +on fixed finger on same sagittal level as +sb +on movable finger. Chelal fixed finger with 9-10 teeth in the OR, 12-15 in the MR and 8-12 in the IR; movable finger with 6-10 teeth in the OR, 9-11 in the MR and 9-10 in the IR; fixed finger with 6 equally sized and one larger terminal tooth, movable finger with 7 equally sized terminal teeth. - +Chelicera +, +legs +, +abdomen +and +genital region +: With same characters as all members before. - +Coxal region +: See genus description. - + +Dimensions + +(mm): +Holotype +♂: Body length 1.47; abdomen length 1.02, width (with pleura) 0.93, width (without pleura) 0.86; carapace length 0.45, width 0.32. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.21; femur length 0.45, width 0.27; patella 0.35; chela (without pedicel) 0.38; hand length 0.08, width 0.11; movable finger 0.30. Leg I: trochanter 0.08; femur 0.12; patella 0.15; tibia 0.11; tarsus 0.22. Leg IV: trochanter: 0.13; femur 0.11; patella 0.23; tibia 0.21; tarsus 0.26. +Allotype +♀: Body length 2.08; abdomen length 1.51, width (with pleura) 1.39, width (without pleura) 1.15; carapace length 0.55, width 0.40. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.26; femur length 0.58, width 0.36; patella 0.42; chela (without pedicel) 0.43; hand length 0.11, width 0.13; movable finger 0.35. Leg I: trochanter 0.09; femur 0.18; patella 0.19; tibia 0.15; tarsus 0.26. Leg IV: trochanter 0.15; femur 0.13; patella 0.27; tibia 0.28; tarsus 0.33. + + + +Figure 19. + +Toliaranella + +, +gen. nov. +, scanning electron micrographs. Specimen used for imaging: + +T. pumila + +sp. nov. +male paratype (ZMH-A0016722). +A +right chela from ventral with specialized setae in a group in detail (highlighted in red); +B +left chela with double trichobothrium +dt +in detail (highlighted in red); +C +left chela from medial with terminal teeth in a compact group in detail. Scale bar: 0.2 mm. + + + + +Figure 20. +Drawings of + +Toliaranella pumila + +sp. nov. +: +A +carapace from dorsal; +B +leg IV; +C +left chela from dorsal with trichobothrial pattern; +D +right pedipalp from dorsal. Scale bars: 0.2 mm ( +A +- +C +); 0.4 mm ( +D +). + + + + +Variation. +Body length 1.47-1.66 (♂), 1.83-2.11 (♀); abdomen length 1.02-1.16 (♂), 1.33-1.51 (♀); width (with pleura) 0.93-0.98 (♂), 1.13-1.39 (♀); width (without pleura) 0.83-0.88 (♂), 0.96-1.15 (♀); 1.19-1.32 (♂), 1.25-1.47 (♀) times longer than broad; carapace length 0.43-0.47 (♂), 0.48-0.55 (♀); width 0.32-0.35 (♂), 0.36-0.41 (♀); 1.29-1.41 (♂), 1.24-1.47 (♀) times longer than broad. Pedipalp: trochanter 0.18-0.22 (♂), 0.22-0.27 (♀); femur length 0.42-0.46 (♂), 0.48-0.58 (♀); width 0.25-0.30 (♂), 0.30-0.36 (♀); 1.50-1.84 (♂), 1.43-1.80 (♀) times longer than broad; patella 0.33-0.35 (♂), 0.40-0.43 (♀); chela (without pedicel) 0.37-0.39 (♂), 0.42-0.46 (♀); hand length 0.07-0.10 (♂), 0.09-0.12 (♀); width 0.11-0.12 (♂), 0.13-0.14 (♀); movable finger 0.30-0.31 (♂), 0.35-0.37 (♀). + + +GenBank Code. +OP589953. The species differs from all congeners by more than 5.3% in the H3 dataset. + + +Habitat. +Specimens were found in sifted litter of tropical dry forest (leaf mold, rotten wood) at an elevation of 375 m. + + +Distribution. +Presently known from the type locality (BLF9556) and one additional locality (BLF6070) in the Atsimo-Andrefana Region (formerly Toliara Province). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/94/07/169407225D0FB5BE4241CAD0DD87369E.xml b/data/16/94/07/169407225D0FB5BE4241CAD0DD87369E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7379a04da63 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/94/07/169407225D0FB5BE4241CAD0DD87369E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,491 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the tarantula genus Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae) within the United States + + + +Author + +Hamilton, Chris A. + + + +Author + +Hendrixson, Brent E. + + + +Author + +Bond, Jason E. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +560 + + +1 +340 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.560.6264 +1313-2970-560-1 +F4C1691C13584FA9A031E305DEE2B6A2 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Theraphosidae + + + +Aphonopelma paloma Prentice, 1993 +Figures 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111 + + + + + +Aphonopelma +paloma + +Prentice, 1993: 189; male holotype and female allotype from 3 miles NE exit 151 off I-8 (jct with Hwy 84), Pinal Co., Arizona, 32.856167 -112.086609 2, elev. 4310ft., 17-18.xi.1989, coll. Tom Prentice; deposited in AMNH. [examined] + + +Apachepelma paloma +Smith, 1995: 45. + + +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1997: 140. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Aphonopelma paloma +(Fig. 105) is a member of the +paloma +species group and can be identified by a combination of morphological, molecular, and geographic characteristics. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA identifies +Aphonopelma paloma +as a strongly supported monophyletic lineage (Figs 7-8) supported as the sister lineage to all other members of the +paloma +species group. +Aphonopelma paloma +is the smallest species in the United States (Fig. 106) and can easily be differentiated from syntopic species by its +much +smaller size and reduced extent of scopulation on metatarsi III and IV; it can be distinguished from other members of the +paloma +species group by locality. The most significant measurements that distinguish male +Aphonopelma paloma +from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are M1 and the extent of scopulation of metatarsus III. Male +Aphonopelma paloma +can be distinguished by possessing a larger M1/T3 (≥1.11; 1.11-1.16) than +Aphonopelma parvum +sp. n. (≤1.09; 0.99-1.09), +Aphonopelma saguaro +sp. n. (≤1.05; 0.99-1.05), +Aphonopelma superstitionense +sp. n. (≤1.04; 0.98-1.04), and +Aphonopelma xwalxwal +sp. n. (≤1.11; 1.09-1.11); and by possessing a smaller L3 scopulation extent (21%-41%) than +Aphonopelma chalcodes +(75%-86%), +Aphonopelma mareki +sp. n. (50%-56%), and +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +(44%-62%). The most significant measurements that distinguish female +Aphonopelma paloma +from its closely related phylogenetic and syntopic species are Cl and the extent of scopulation on metatarsus IV. Female +Aphonopelma paloma +can be distinguished by possessing a smaller L4 scopulation extent (0-25%) than +Aphonopelma chalcodes +(63%-81%), +Aphonopelma parvum +(33%-42%), and +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +(26%-37%); and by possessing a larger Cl/M4 (≥1.44; 1.44-1.60) than +Aphonopelma superstitionense +(1.25 ++/- +(only 1 specimen)). There are no significant measurements that separate female +Aphonopelma paloma +from +Aphonopelma mareki +or +Aphonopelma saguaro +. + + + +Figure 105. +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1993 specimens, live photographs. Male (L) - APH_1254; Female (R) - APH_3166. + + + + +Figure 106. A generalized comparison of the largest species in the United States, an adult female +Aphonopelma anax +, and the smallest species in the United States, an adult female +Aphonopelma paloma +. + + + + +Description. + +Male and female originally described by +Prentice (1993) +. + + + +Redescription of male exemplar + +(APH_1603; Fig. 107). Specimen preparation and condition: Specimen collected live wandering, preserved in 80% ethanol; deposited +in +AUMNH; original coloration faded due to preservation. Left legs I, III, IV, and left pedipalp removed for measurements and photographs; stored in vial with specimen. Right legs III & IV removed for DNA and stored at -80°C in the AUMNH (Auburn, AL). General coloration: Faded black or grey. Cephalothorax: Carapace 5.13 mm long, 4.73 mm wide; Very hirsute; densely clothed with grey pubescence mostly appressed to surface; fringe covered in long setae not closely appressed to surface; posterior region of carapace with long, stout setae; foveal groove medium deep and straight; pars cephalica region rises gradually from foveal groove to ocular area; AER very slightly procurved - mostly straight, PER straight; normal sized chelicerae; clypeus extends forward on a curve; LBl 0.732, LBw 0.878; sternum hirsute, clothed with grey, densely packed setae. Abdomen: Densely clothed in short black pubescence with numerous longer red/orange setae interspersed; possessing a dense dorsal patch of black Type I urticating bristles ( +Cooke et al. 1972 +) - smaller and distinct from large species. Legs: Hirsute; densely clothed in grey or faded black pubescence. Metatarsus I curved. F1 5.417; F1w 1.246; P1 2.083; T1 4.034; M1 4.058; A1 2.838; F3 4.565; F3w 1.74; P3 1.648; T3 3.51; M3 4.367; A3 2.884; F4 5.508; F4w 1.386; P4 1.733; T4 4.72; M4 5.454; A4 3.264; femur III is swollen. All tarsi fully scopulate. Extent of metatarsal scopulation: leg III (SC3) = 36.8%; leg IV (SC4) = 9.4%. Two ventral and two prolateral spinose setae on metatarsus III, with numerous medium stout setae throughout; +five +ventral spinose setae and one prolateral on metatarsus IV, with numerous medium stout setae throughout; two prolateral spinose setae on tibia I, one ventral spinose seta at the posterior margin of tibia I; one large megaspine is present at the apex on the retrolateral tibia of the mating clasper; one large megaspine at the apex of the retrolateral branch of the mating clasper. Coxa I: Prolateral surface covered by fine, hair-like setae. Pedipalps: Very hirsute, particularly ventrally; densely clothed in the same setal color as the other legs; one spinose seta near the anterior margin of the prolateral palpal femur; one spinose seta on the ventral palpal tibia, with numerous medium stout setae throughout; PTl 3.619, PTw 1.329. Palpal bulb is very short and stout; embolus tapers and gently curves to the retrolateral side, no keels; distinct dorsal and ventral transition from bulb to embolus. + + + +Figure 107. +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1993. +A-I +male specimen, APH_1603 A dorsal view of carapace, scale bar = 2mm B prolateral view of coxa I C dorsal view of femur III D ventral view of metatarsus III, scale bar = 1.5mm E ventral view of metatarsus IV, scale bar = 2mm F prolateral view of L pedipalp and palpal tibia, scale bar = 2mm G dorsal view of palpal bulb H retrolateral view of palpal bulb, scale bar = 0.5mm I prolateral view of tibia I (mating clasper), scale bar = 1.5mm. + + + +Variation (6).Cl 5.126-5.502 (5.343 ++/- +0.06), Cw 4.468-5.124 (4.824 ++/- +0.1), LBl 0.675-0.797 (0.741 ++/- +0.02), LBw 0.868-0.898 (0.878 ++/- +0), F1 5.289-6.208 (5.723 ++/- +0.15), F1w 1.176-1.402 (1.27 ++/- +0.04), P1 1.741-2.44 (2.047 ++/- +0.1), T1 4.034-5.248 (4.839 ++/- +0.18), M1 3.62-4.297 (4.017 ++/- +0.11), A1 2.785-2.876 (2.827 ++/- +0.01), L1 length 18.374-20.949 (19.453 ++/- +0.47), F3 4.466-4.958 (4.737 ++/- +0.08), F3w 1.456-1.831 (1.673 ++/- +0.06), P3 1.528-1.804 (1.694 ++/- +0.04), T3 3.244-3.795 (3.532 ++/- +0.09), M3 4.019-4.569 (4.332 ++/- +0.09), A3 2.658-3.047 (2.837 ++/- +0.06), L3 length 15.988-17.891 (17.131 ++/- +0.33), F4 5.308-5.984 (5.703 ++/- +0.11), F4w 1.112-1.445 (1.313 ++/- +0.05), P4 1.532-2.102 (1.829 ++/- +0.08), T4 4.578-5.096 (4.847 ++/- +0.08), M4 5.412-6.102 (5.71 ++/- +0.13), A4 3.042-3.374 (3.28 ++/- +0.05), L4 length 20.357-22.272 (21.37 ++/- +0.4), PTl 3.273-3.706 (3.53 ++/- +0.07), PTw 1.159-1.431 (1.263 ++/- +0.04), SC3 ratio 0.219-0.41 (0.309 ++/- +0.03), SC4 ratio 0.056-0.245 (0.12 ++/- +0.03), Coxa I setae = very thin tapered, F3 condition = swollen/slightly swollen. + + + +Description of female exemplar + +(APH_1255; Figs 108-110). Specimen preparation and condition: Specimen collected live from burrow, preserved in 80% ethanol; deposited in AUMNH; original coloration faded due to preservation. Left legs I, III, IV, and pedipalp removed for photographs and measurements; stored in vial with specimen. Right legs III & IV removed for DNA and stored at -80°C in the AUMNH (Auburn, AL). Genital plate with spermathecae removed and cleared, stored in vial with specimen. General coloration: Grey. Cephalothorax: Carapace 5.141 mm long, 4.393 mm wide; Hirsute, densely clothed with short grey pubescence closely appressed to surface, with short, stout setae throughout; fringe densely covered in slightly longer setae; foveal groove medium deep and procurved; pars cephalica region gently rises from thoracic furrow, arching anteriorly toward ocular area; AER very procurved, PER very slightly recurved; anterior margin of carapace broad, robust chelicerae, clypeus extends forward on a curve; LBl 0.807, LBw 0.963; sternum hirsute, clothed with short grey setae. Abdomen: Densely clothed dorsally in short black, faded black, and grey setae with longer, lighter setae (generally red or orange in situ) focused near the urticating patch; small but dense dorsal patch of black Type I urticating bristles ( +Cooke et al. 1972 +) - smaller and distinct from large species. Spermathecae: Paired and separate, short, very simple, with capitate bulbs and wide bases that are not fused. Legs: Hirsute; densely clothed in short grey pubescence; F1 4.192; F1w 1.303; P1 1.748; T1 +3.323 +; M1 2.151; A1 2.074; F3 3.249; F3w 1.123; P3 1.463; T3 2.154; M3 2.25; A3 2.102; F4 4.301; F4w 1.181; P4 1.634; T4 3.248; M4 3.27; A4 2.408. All tarsi fully scopulate. Extent of metatarsal scopulation: leg III (SC3) = 29.1%; leg IV (SC4) = 9.7%. Three ventral spinose setae and one prolateral on metatarsus III, with numerous thicker setae throughout; three ventral spinose setae and one prolateral on metatarsus IV, with numerous thicker setae throughout. Coxa I: Prolateral surface covered by fine, hair-like setae. Pedipalps: Densely clothed in the same setal color as the other legs; two spinose setae on the anterior margin of prolateral/ventral tibia, with numerous thicker setae throughout. + + + +Figure 108. +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1993. +A-E +female specimen, APH_1255 A dorsal view of carapace, scale bar = 2mm B prolateral view of coxa I C ventral view of metatarsus III, scale bar = 1mm D ventral view of metatarsus IV, scale bar = 1mm E prolateral view of L pedipalp and palpal tibia. + + + + +Figure 109. +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1993. +A-I +cleared spermathecae A +paloma +allotype B APH_0422 C APH_1102 D APH_1114 E APH_1115 F APH_1255 G APH_3170 H APH_3171 I APH_3172. + + + + +Figure 110. +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1993, cleared spermathecae. A APH_3189 B APH_3190 C APH_3194. + + + +Variation (12).Cl 4.635-7.058 (5.66 ++/- +0.24), Cw 4.192-6.092 (5.023 ++/- +0.21), LBl 0.763-1.197 (0.904 ++/- +0.04), LBw 0.903-1.346 (1.074 ++/- +0.04), F1 3.597-5.573 (4.52 ++/- +0.19), F1w 1.186-1.884 (1.508 ++/- +0.07), P1 1.494-2.461 (1.971 ++/- +0.09), T1 2.968-4.516 (3.726 ++/- +0.14), M1 1.911-3.189 (2.499 ++/- +0.12), A1 1.927-2.705 (2.295 ++/- +0.08), L1 length 11.984-18.261 (15.01 ++/- +0.61), F3 2.973-4.507 (3.635 ++/- +0.16), F3w 1.037-1.809 (1.346 ++/- +0.07), P3 1.318-2.141 (1.687 ++/- +0.08), T3 2.035-3.057 (2.523 ++/- +0.1), M3 2.067-3.361 (2.607 ++/- +0.13), A3 2.031-2.976 (2.401 ++/- +0.09), L3 length 10.438-15.884 (12.853 ++/- +0.55), F4 3.883-5.675 (4.735 ++/- +0.18), F4w 1.088-1.864 (1.374 ++/- +0.07), +P +4 1.521-2.33 (1.911 ++/- +0.09), T4 3.135-4.529 (3.799 ++/- +0.14), M4 3.083-4.612 (3.718 ++/- +0.16), A4 2.308-3.263 (2.741 ++/- +0.1), L4 length 13.93-20.232 (16.904 ++/- +0.65), SC3 ratio 0.26-0.496 (0.392 ++/- +0.02), SC4 ratio 0-0.247 (0.169 ++/- +0.02), Coxa I setae = very thin tapered. Spermathecae variation can be seen in Figures 109-110. + + + +Material examined. + +United States: Arizona: Maricopa: 1.2 miles S Aqueduct on Aguila-Wickenburg Rd, 33.571504 -112.818108 1, 1306ft., [APH_0432, 16/11/2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; 4.65 miles N I-8 (Sentinel) on Agua Caliente Rd, 32.908339 -113.262179 1, 584ft., [APH_0430, 16/11/2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; just NW of Jct. Vulture Mine Rd and Aguila Rd, 33.719699 -112.8824 1, 1716ft., [APH_1612-1613, 12/11/2012, 2♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; just S of White Tank Mtn Rd, 33.56397 -112.49147 2, 1360ft., [APH_1101-1103, 30/11/2009, 3 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Pima: 0.75 miles S Ball Rd in Why along Hwy-85, 32.25235 -112.745206 1, 1765ft., [APH_0424, 15/11/2008, 1 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH_0426-0427, 15/11/2008, 1♀, 1♂, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; Bates Well Rd, S of Ajo, 32.27002 -112.86087 2, 1673ft., [APH_1114-1116, 15/12/2009, 2♀, 1♂, June Olberding, AUMNH]; in desert east of Bates Well Rd, about 7 miles W of Why, AZ, 32.28612 -112.85435 4, 1720ft., [APH_0442-0449, 12/2008, 3♀, 5 juv, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Tucson area, near Catalina State Park, N side of Tangerine Rd and E of Tangerine Crossing, E of Marana, 32.42413 -111.03427 1, 2631ft., [APH_3170-3172, 12/11/2013, 3♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; W of Why, 32.26683 -112.847 2, 1650ft., [APH_1253-1258, 1/12/2010, 2♂, 4♀, June Olberding, AUMNH]; Saguaro National Park (West) - western portion, 32.32247 -111.12608 2, 2790ft., [APH_1675, 1/12/14, 1♂, Derrick Smith, AUMNH; Pinal: 0.7 miles S Skyline Dr. on Quail Run Ln, 33.180864 -111.496516 2, 1552ft., [APH_1671-1674, 6/12/2012, 4♀, June Olberding, Tim Cota, AUMNH]; in desert NW jct of Hwy-84 and Amarillo Valley Rd (3.2 miles NW I-8), 32.856511 -112.085564 1, 1541ft., [APH_0421-0423, 15/11/2008, 3 juv, Brent E. Hendrixson, Paul Marek, Charity Hall, Kojun, AUMNH]; [APH_1603-1606, 10/11/2012, 3♂, 1♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; off Florence-Kelvin Hwy, BLM land E of Florence, 32.99957 -111.26484 1, 1968ft., +[ +APH_3195, 15/11/2013, 1♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; [APH_3197-3198, 15/11/2013, 2♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; off Hwy 79 around 1/2 way between 77 split and Florence at Tom Mix Rest Area, 32.818271 -111.204751 1, 2338ft., [APH_3194, 15/11/2013, 1♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; off Hwy 79, E side of road, N of Tucson past Hwy 77 split, near Ninety Six hills, 32.682347 -111.072531 1, 2972ft., [APH_3189-3190, 14/11/2013, 2♀, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]; W of +Chuck's +Corner off S. Amarillo Valley Rd, off Hwy 84, N of I-8, 32.85665 -112.08419 1, 1501ft., [APH_3166, 11/11/2013, 1♀, Brent E. Hendrixson, Chris A. Hamilton, AUMNH]; [APH_3168, 11/11/2013, 1 juv, Chris A. Hamilton, Brent E. Hendrixson, AUMNH]. + + + +Distribution and natural history. + +Aphonopelma paloma +is widely distributed across lower elevation sections of southern and southwestern Arizona (Figs 1G, 111) in the Sonoran Basin and Range Level III Ecoregion. +Aphonopelma paloma +can be found in syntopy with +Aphonopelma chalcodes +throughout its entire distribution and with +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +north of Tucson. The breeding season, when mature males abandon their burrows in search of females, is limited to late fall and early winter ( +November-December +). Burrow entrances of +Aphonopelma paloma +are unique among species in the United States in that individuals frequently create a distinct crescent-shaped mound made from excavated soil and silk (Fig. 2F); this behavior has not been observed in other similar species (e.g., +Aphonopelma mareki +, +Aphonopelma parvum +, +Aphonopelma saguaro +, and +Aphonopelma superstitionense +). The natural history of +Aphonopelma paloma +is discussed in more detail by +Prentice (1993) +. + + + +Figure 111. +Aphonopelma paloma +Prentice, 1993. A distribution of known specimens B predicted distribution; warmer colors (red, orange, yellow) represent areas of high probability of occurrence, cooler colors (blue shades) represent areas of low probability of occurrence. + + + + +Conservation status. + +Aphonopelma paloma +is abundant throughout its distribution but can be difficult to find due to the cryptic nature of their burrows and narrow window of activity during the year. This species is secure. + + + +Remarks. + +Other important ratios that distinguish +Aphonopelma paloma +males: possess a smaller L3 scopulation extent (21%-41%) than +Aphonopelma parvum +(60%-65%) and +Aphonopelma xwalxwal +(65%-95%); by possessing a larger PTl/M1 (≥0.81; 0.81-0.92) than +Aphonopelma chalcodes +(≤0.75; 0.67-0.75) and +Aphonopelma xwalxwal +(≤0.64; 0.57-0.64); by possessing a larger M3/A3 (≥1.46; 1.46-1.61) than +Aphonopelma mareki +(≤1.42; 1.27-1.42) and +Aphonopelma parvum +(≤1.41; 1.21-1.41), but smaller than +Aphonopelma xwalxwal +(≥1.66; 1.66-1.91); by possessing a larger Cl/M3 (≥1.17; 1.17-1.31) than +Aphonopelma superstitionense +(≤1.12; 1.05-1.12) and +Aphonopelma xwalxwal +(≤1.01; 0.91-1.01). Other important ratios that distinguish females: +Aphonopelma paloma +possess a larger Cl/A4 (≥1.92; 1.92-2.21) than +Aphonopelma parvum +(≤1.91; 1.63-1.91), but smaller than +Aphonopelma chalcodes +(≥2.32; 2.32-2.64); by possessing a smaller L3 scopulation extent (25%-50%) than +Aphonopelma chalcodes +(78%-93%), +Aphonopelma parvum +(62-67%), +Aphonopelma superstitionense +(64% ++/- +(only 1 specimen)), and +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +(49%-69%, with slight overlap). For both males and females, certain morphometrics have potential to be useful, though due to the amounts of variation, small number of specimens, and the small differences between species, no others are claimed to be significant at this time (see Suppl. material 2). During evaluation of traditional PCA morphospace, males of +Aphonopelma paloma +separate in PCA morphological space from +Aphonopelma chalcodes +, +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +, +Aphonopelma parvum +, and + +Aphonopelma +xwalxwal + +but do not separate from +Aphonopelma mareki +, +Aphonopelma saguaro +, and +Aphonopelma superstitionense +. Female +Aphonopelma paloma +separate from +Aphonopelma chalcodes +, +Aphonopelma mareki +, +Aphonopelma parvum +, +Aphonopelma saguaro +, +Aphonopelma superstitionense +, and +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +in morphological space. Interestingly, +Aphonopelma paloma +males separate from +Aphonopelma chalcodes +, +Aphonopelma parvum +, +Aphonopelma superstitionense +, and +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +in three-dimensional PCA morphospace (PC1~PC2~PC3), but do not separate from +Aphonopelma mareki +or +Aphonopelma saguaro +. +Aphonopelma paloma +females separate from +Aphonopelma chalcodes +, +Aphonopelma mareki +, +Aphonopelma parvum +, +Aphonopelma saguaro +, +Aphonopelma superstitionense +, and +Aphonopelma vorhiesi +. PC1, PC2, and PC3 explain ≥96% of the variation in all analyses. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/94/45/169445177811F72BDC61E31EB6128C38.xml b/data/16/94/45/169445177811F72BDC61E31EB6128C38.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..548b7ce99b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/94/45/169445177811F72BDC61E31EB6128C38.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Breure, Abraham S. H. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, Leiden, the Netherlands +bbreure@xs4all.nl + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Natural History Museum, Division of Higher Invertebrates, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-03-21 + + +392 + + +1 +367 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 +1313-2970-392-1 +FFCF5A59FFB1FF93FFF10B43FFAFFFF5 +578044 + + + + +Bulimus erosus Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832 +Figs 7A +, L20vi + + + + +Bulimus erosus +Broderip in +Broderip and Sowerby I 1832b +: 106; +Reeve 1848 [1848-1850] +: pl. 22 fig. 140. + + +Bulimulus (Lissoacme) erosus +; +Pilsbry 1896 [1895-1896] +: 160, pl. 49 fig. 34. + + + +Type locality. + +"Peruvia +, Huantajaya near Iquiqui". + + + +Label. + +"Peru" +, taxon label in +Pfeiffer's +handwriting. M.C. label style I, V. + + + +Dimensions. +"long. 11/12, lat. 6/12 poll. [H 23.2, D 12.66 mm]"; figured specimen herein H 22.9, D 13.32, W 6.3. + + +Type material. +NHMUK 20100612, five syntypes (Cuming coll.). + + +Remarks. + +Breure (1979 +: 136), not having seen any type material, considered this taxon doubtfully a + +Bostryx + +and listed it as nomen inquirendum. The specimen now found in the NHMUK collection confirms this classification and agrees with +Richardson (1995 +: 24). + + + +Current systematic position. + +Bulimulidae +, + +Bostryx erosus + +(Broderip in Broderip and Sowerby I 1832). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/94/89/1694890F8C3CF94DD4E7354B46A453A3.xml b/data/16/94/89/1694890F8C3CF94DD4E7354B46A453A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b6c7870289f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/94/89/1694890F8C3CF94DD4E7354B46A453A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Ranunculaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +112 +162 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Aconitum lycoctonum +L. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: + +Blaetter +tief +handfoermig +5-9teilig + +, Abschnitte +keilfoermig +bis lanzettlich, 3spaltig. +Bluetenstand +meist +aestig +. + +Blueten +hellgelb. Oberstes Blumenblatt +schmal-helmfoermig + +, viel +hoeher +als breit, darin eingeschlossen 2 +kapuzenfoermige +, lang gestielte +Honigblaetter +. +Blumenblaetter +nach der +Bluete +abfallend. +Fruchtblaetter +3, meist kahl, selten mit +0,1 mm +langen +Druesenhaaren +. + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Gelber Eisenhut +, +Wolfswurz +Nom +francais +: +Aconit tue-loup +Nome italiano: +Aconito giallo + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/94/DE/1694DE9C605E5ACDB2F5C520818FF429.xml b/data/16/94/DE/1694DE9C605E5ACDB2F5C520818FF429.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75950b43ca4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/94/DE/1694DE9C605E5ACDB2F5C520818FF429.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Protura from Hainan Island, China: new species, checklist and distribution + + + +Author + +Bu, Yun + + + +Author + +Xiong, Yan + + + +Author + +Luan, Yun-Xia + + + +Author + +Yin, Wen-Ying + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +879 + + +1 +21 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.34404 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.34404 +1313-2970-879-1 +53FD6801C4B54C09B61B47210DE937A7 +D7E385CB91715F718747515174CEE2A1 + + + + +Eosentomon orientale Yin, 1965 + + + +Material examined. +1 female, locality 1, 25-XI-1984, coll. G. T. Jin & Z. Y. Liu. + + +Distribution. +Widely distributed in China (Hainan, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Liaoning). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/95/0A/16950A72167EAE55AC8ADE52D9354429.xml b/data/16/95/0A/16950A72167EAE55AC8ADE52D9354429.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f04d7958cb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/95/0A/16950A72167EAE55AC8ADE52D9354429.xml @@ -0,0 +1,153 @@ + + + +Two new species of Feroperis Lafer (Carabidae, Pterostichus) from China, with a key to all known Chinese species in this subgenus + + + +Author + +Sun, Xiaojie + + + +Author + +Shi, Hongliang + + + +Author + +Sang, Weiguo + + + +Author + +Axmacher, Jan Christoph + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +799 + + +95 +114 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.28834 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.799.28834 +1313-2970-799-95 +8258921BCA27422A8586951C0968D63E + + + + +Pterostichus (Feroperis) rasilis Park & Kwon, 1996 +Fig. 14C + + + + +Pterostichus (Feroperis) rasilis +Park & Kwon, 1996: 3 (holotype in Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biology, Kyungpook National University, Republic of Korea; type locality: northern slopes of Changbai Mountain, Jilin, China); +Lafer 2011 +: 434. + + + +Type locality. +Northern slopes of Changbai Mountain, Jilin, China. + + +Material examined. + +46 specimens (IZAS),"China, Jilin, Changbaishan Nature Reserve; 2011.VII.14, +42°3'15"N +, +128°4'2"E +- +42°10'47"N +, +128°8'15"E +, 870-2000 m, Zou Yi"; 83 specimens (IZAS),"China, Jilin, Changbaishan Nature Reserve; 2011.VII.27, +42°3'15"N +, +128°4'2"E +- +42°7'16"N +, +128°6'27"E +, 1330-2000 m, Zou Yi"; 39 specimens (IZAS),"China, Jilin, Changbaishan Nature Reserve; 2011.VIII.08, +42°3'15"N +, +128°4'2"E +- +42°7'15"N +, +128°6'26"E +, 1330-2000 m, Zou Yi"; 30 specimens (IZAS),"China, Jilin, Changbaishan Nature Reserve; 2012.VII.14, +42°3'15"N +, +128°4'2"E +- +42°5'41"N +, +128°4'3"E +, 1520-2000 m, Zou Yi"; 94 specimens (IZAS),"China, Jilin, Changbaishan Nature Reserve; 2012.VII.12, +42°3'15"N +, +128°4'2"E +- +42°7'9"N +, +128°6'17"E +, 1350-2000 m, Zou Yi"; 62 specimens (IZAS),"China, Jilin, Changbaishan Nature Reserve; 2012.VII.30, +42°3'15"N +, +128°4'2"E +- +42°7'9"N +, +128°6'17"E +, 1330-2000 m, Zou Yi". + + + +Diagnosis. +Body length 13-15 mm, blackish, elytra shiny without metallic lustre. Pronotum subcordate, widest at approximately anterior 1/3; lateral margins of pronotum strongly constricted to the base; posterior angles strongly protruding and forming very prominent denticles, lateral border at the posterior denticles strongly widened, at least twice as wide as the lateral broder of the pronotum anterior to the posterior angles; lateral border interrupted before posterior denticles; basal foveae rugose. Elytra with faint humeral teeth; the third interval usually with 3 or 4 setigerous pores close to the second stria, but position variable. Apical lamella of aedeagus elongate, apex slightly widened at both left and right margins in dorsal view; not thickened or bent downwards in lateral view. Right paramere long and bent, gradually narrowed to apex, apex pointed. + +This species can be distinguished from most species of the subgenus by: male genitalia with apical lamella of aedeagus rectangular, apex widened in dorsal view, but not thickened in lateral view, and pronotal posterior angles with strong denticles. From the above characters, this species is superficially similar to +P. vladivostokensis +Lafer. They can be distinguished by: in +P. rasilis +, the apical lamella of aedeagus shorter, length approximate 1.2 times as basal width, apex less widened, not capitate; while in +P. vladivostokensis +the apical lamella of aedeagus longer, length approximate 1.5 times as basal width, apex strongly widened, distinctly capitate. + + + +Distribution. +This species is known only from the northern slopes of Changbai Mountain, Jilin province in China, and it is a locally abundant species. It is probably also distributed within the DPR Korea, on the eastern slopes of Paektusan (the Korean name of Changbai Mountain). + + +Remark. + +This species was originally described based on 14 specimens from Paektusan, Hamgyeongbuk-do, DPR Korea. +Lafer (2011) +examined the type specimens and specified that the true type locality was on the northern slopes of the Changbai Mountain in the territory of China, based on a personal communication with Y.J. Kwon in 1994. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/95/5E/16955E76FDDA84A961180769763A1201.xml b/data/16/95/5E/16955E76FDDA84A961180769763A1201.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..86256193309 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/95/5E/16955E76FDDA84A961180769763A1201.xml @@ -0,0 +1,164 @@ + + + +Abyssal fauna of the UK- 1 polymetallic nodule exploration claim, Clarion-Clipperton Zone, central Pacific Ocean: Echinodermata + + + +Author + +Glover, Adrian G + + + +Author + +Wiklund, Helena + + + +Author + +Rabone, Muriel + + + +Author + +Amon, Diva J + + + +Author + +Smith, Craig R + + + +Author + +O'Hara, Tim + + + +Author + +Mah, Christopher L + + + +Author + +Dahlgren, Thomas G + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7251 +7251 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7251 +1314-2828-4-7251 + + + + +Freyastera benthophila (Sladen, 1889) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +b7ffe7a2-7be1-4d4f-b784-7aaecf0ee743 +; recordNumber: NHM_413; recordedBy: +Adrian Glover, Helena Wiklund, Thomas Dahlgren, Maggie Georgieva +; individualCount: +1 +; preparations: tissue and DNA voucher stored in 80% non-denatured ethanol aqueous solution; otherCatalogNumbers: 5023520; associatedSequences: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KU519550 | KU519518 | KU519535; Taxon: taxonConceptID: Freyasteracf.benthophila; scientificName: Freyasterabenthophila; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Echinodermata; class: Asteroidea; order: Brisingida; family: Freyellidae; genus: Freyastera; scientificNameAuthorship: (Sladen, 1889); Location: waterBody: Pacific; stateProvince: Clarion Clipperton Zone; locality: +UK Seabed Resources Ltd exploration claim UK-1 +; verbatimLocality: UK-1 Stratum A; maximumDepthInMeters: 4011; locationRemarks: RV Melville Cruise MV1313; decimalLatitude: +13.862225 +; decimalLongitude: +-116.546215 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Diva Amon, Chris Mah, Adrian Glover, Helena Wiklund, Thomas Dahlgren; dateIdentified: 2015-06-01; identificationRemarks: identified by DNA and morphology; identificationQualifier: cf; Event: samplingProtocol: +Remotely Operated Vehicle +; eventDate: +2013-10-21 +; eventTime: 00:39; habitat: Abyssal plain; fieldNumber: RV06; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: +NHMUK +; collectionCode: +ZOO +; datasetName: ABYSSLINE; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +16599946-2aba-4710-98e6-43c522061878 +; recordNumber: NHM_421; recordedBy: +Adrian Glover, Helena Wiklund, Thomas Dahlgren, Maggie Georgieva +; individualCount: +3 +; preparations: tissue and DNA voucher stored in 80% non-denatured ethanol aqueous solution; otherCatalogNumbers: 5023523; associatedSequences: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KU519551; Taxon: taxonConceptID: Freyasteracf.benthophila; scientificName: Freyasterabenthophila; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Echinodermata; class: Asteroidea; order: Brisingida; family: Freyellidae; genus: Freyastera; scientificNameAuthorship: (Sladen, 1889); Location: waterBody: Pacific; stateProvince: Clarion Clipperton Zone; locality: +UK Seabed Resources Ltd exploration claim UK-1 +; verbatimLocality: UK-1 Stratum A; maximumDepthInMeters: 4011; locationRemarks: RV Melville Cruise MV1313; decimalLatitude: +13.862225 +; decimalLongitude: +-116.546215 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Identification: identifiedBy: Diva Amon, Chris Mah, Adrian Glover, Helena Wiklund, Thomas Dahlgren; dateIdentified: 2015-06-01; identificationRemarks: identified by DNA and morphology; identificationQualifier: cf; Event: samplingProtocol: +Remotely Operated Vehicle +; eventDate: +2013-10-21 +; eventTime: 00:39; habitat: Abyssal plain; fieldNumber: RV06; Record Level: language: en; institutionCode: +NHMUK +; collectionCode: +ZOO +; datasetName: ABYSSLINE; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Description + +15cm long arm fragments of a +Freyellidae +recovered from ROV biobox. Identified by DNA and morphological examination (Fig. 10). Morphological identification suggests +Freyastera benthophila +detailed in +Sladen 1889 +). + +Genetic data for this taxa with new GenBank accession numbers are provided in Table 2 + + +Diagnosis + +Forms a unique monophyletic clade distinct from other AB01 specimens (Fig. 5). The speciemens differs significantly in sequence identity to the published 16S sequence of +Freyastera benthophila +on GenBank accession EU722993 (K2P = 0,064). The type locality of +Freyastera benthophila +is in South Pacific (39°41'S; 131°23'W, 4663m depth). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/95/76/1695765E563E58E5ACBB79725ACC5A93.xml b/data/16/95/76/1695765E563E58E5ACBB79725ACC5A93.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f54cd00c1e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/95/76/1695765E563E58E5ACBB79725ACC5A93.xml @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ + + + +A taxonomic treatment of Synopeas Foerster (Platygastridae, Platygastrinae) from the island of New Guinea + + + +Author + +Awad, Jessica +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6441-4016 +State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart. Rosenstein 1, 70191, Stuttgart, Germany +jessica.awad@smns-bw.de + + + +Author + +Bremer, Jonathan S. +FDACS-DPI. 1911 SW 34 + + + +Author + +Butterill, Philip T. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5554-6591 +th & St, Gainesville FL 32608, USA + + + +Author + +Moore, Matthew R. +FDACS-DPI. 1911 SW 34 + + + +Author + +Talamas, Elijah J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-6345 +FDACS-DPI. 1911 SW 34 + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2021 + +2021-12-23 + + +87 + + +5 +65 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.65563 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.87.65563 +1314-2607-87-5 +AC960296269742468E20BB61AA1AADBF +28A860579B6F5F42B8835BFDFA9C71DB +5811327 + + + + +Synopeas toto Awad +sp. nov. + + + +Description. +Body length 1.1-1.5 mm. Body color: black. Color of legs: coxae brown, otherwise yellow. Color of mesoscutellar spine: concolorous with mesoscutellar disc. + +Head. +Shape of head in anterior view: circular. Central keel: complete and well developed. Sculpture on frons: reticulate microsculpture. Epitorular sculpture: uncertain, minute rugulae; uncertain, reticulate microsculpture. Number of clypeal setae: 4. Length of median pair of clypeal setae: longer than lateral pair. Arrangement of clypeal setae: medial setae closer to each other than to lateral setae. Shape of mandible: bidentate. Distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye (OOL): less than 1 ocellar diameter. Hyperoccipital carina: complete. Hyperoccipital carina strength: uniformly weak. Distance between lateral ocellus and hyperoccipital carina: approximately 1 ocellar diameter. + + +Mesosoma. +Epomial carina: present, complete or nearly so. Microsculpture of lateral pronotum: present dorsally, absent ventrally. Lateral pronotal sculpture coverage: 1/2 to 2/3. Mesoscutellar spine: short and pointed. Mesoscutellar spine in lateral view: angled posterodorsally. Posterior margin of lateral propodeal carina in lateral view: pointed ventrally. Mesosomal dorsum in lateral view: convex. Notauli: unmarked or faintly suggested. Parapsidal lines: very faint. Setation of mesoscutum: sparse. Mesoscutal lamella: roughly triangular. Setation of mesoscutellum: absent medially. + + + +Figure 42. + +Synopeas toto + +A +lateral habitus (female paratype; FSCA 00000245) +B +dorsal habitus (female paratype; FSCA 00090421) +C +ventral habitus (female paratype; FSCA 00090421). + + + +Metasoma. +Microsculpture of S2: narrow band at posterior margin. Sculpture of T2: narrow transverse band of microsculpture at posterior margin. Length of T2: shorter than mesosoma; approximately as long as mesosoma. + + +Wing. +Length of setae on disc of forewing: shorter than distance between setal bases. Density of setae on disc of forewing: sparse. Arrangement of setae on disc of forewing: densely setose distally, sparsely setose proximally. Forewing marginal setae: setae on posterior margin distinctly longer than setae on anterior margin. + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Synopeas toto + +has a strong, distinct central keel on the frons. + +Synopeas psychotriae + +also has a line on the frons that extends from between the toruli to the median ocellus, but it is impressed rather than raised. Additionally, the parapsidal lines of + +S. psychotriae + +are well impressed (Fig. +20A +) and are very weak in + +S. toto + +(Fig. +42 +). + +Synopeas butterilli + +can have a complete central keel, but it is weakly developed. The sculpture of the lateral pronotum in + +S. butterilli + +is restricted to a narrow medial band (Fig. +27 +), rather than covering the dorsal half of the lateral pronotum as in + +S. toto + +. + + + +Etymology. + +The epithet " +Synopeas toto +" is Proto-Oceanic for +"cut" +( +Ross et al. 1998 +) and refers to the complete central keel dividing the frons. The name is to be treated as a noun in apposition. + + + +Plant associations. + +Reared from galls on + +Nauclea + +( +Rubiaceae +) [GALL217, GALL218]. + + + +Specimens examined. + + + +Holotype + +: + +Papua New Guinea + +: +♀ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +6.14141°S +, +146.87415°E +, +01.XII.2010 +, +Philip Butterill +leg., + +Nauclea + +sp. 1 (FSCA 00000252) + +. + + +Paratypes + +: + +Papua New Guinea + +: +♀ +♂ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +11.XI.2010 +, + +Nauclea + +sp. 1 (FSCA 00090421, 00094597) + +; + +2♂ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +25.XI.2010 +, + +Nauclea + +sp. 1 (FSCA 00090420, 00094494) + +; + +♂ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +26.XI.2010 +, + +Nauclea + +sp. 1, FSCA 00000412 + +); + +♀ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +01.XII.2010 +, + +Nauclea + +sp. 1 (FSCA 00000330) + +; + +♀ +2♂ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +26.I.2011 +, + +Nauclea + +sp. 1 (FSCA 00000406, 00094592-00094593) + +; + +5♀ +4♂ +, +Morobe +, +Yawan +, +21.XI.2012 +, + +Nauclea + +sp. 1 (FSCA 00000245, 00000258, 00000336-00000338, 00000393, 00094563-00094565) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/95/9B/16959B9C5F1EE1EB83FEB46E1E1443D0.xml b/data/16/95/9B/16959B9C5F1EE1EB83FEB46E1E1443D0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80be2ccbbb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/95/9B/16959B9C5F1EE1EB83FEB46E1E1443D0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,824 @@ + + + +Phylogenomic inference of the African tribe Monodoreae (Annonaceae) and taxonomic revision of Dennettia, Uvariodendron and Uvariopsis + + + +Author + +Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-1544 +DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France & Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458, USA +leopauldagallier@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Mbago, Frank M. +The Herbarium, Botany Department, Box 35060, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania + + + +Author + +Couderc, Marie +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7297-155X +DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Gaudeul, Myriam +Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite (ISYEB), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle-CNRS-SU-EPHE-UA, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75231 Paris, Cedex 05, France + + + +Author + +Grall, Aurelie +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-4703 +Herbaria Basel, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland & Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, UK + + + +Author + +Loup, Caroline +DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Wieringa, Jan J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0566-372X +Herbier MPU, DCSPH - CC 99010, Universite de Montpellier, 163 rue A. Broussonnet, F- 34090 Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Sonke, Bonaventure +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4310-3603 +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR, Leiden, Netherlands + + + +Author + +Couvreur, Thomas L. P. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-6587 +DIADE, Universite de Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, Montpellier, France + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2023 + +2023-09-22 + + +233 + + +1 +200 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.233.103096 +1314-2003-233-1 +EB874C2B403C5C42ACE3846B51EE6F22 + + + + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa (Diels) Robyns & Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 321 (1933) + + + + +Figs 77 +, 78 +, 80P-S + + + + +≡ Tetrastemma pedunculosum +Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53(3-5): 441 (1915). Type. Cameroon - South Region • G.A. Zenker 3868 (holotype: B! (B 10 0153122); isotypes: BM! (BM000554078), BR! (BR0000008824196, BR0000008824226), E! (E00718574), HBG! (HBG502486), K! (K000199041), M! (M0107937), P! (P00362601, P00362599), US! (US00098850)), Bipinde, Urwaldgebiet; +3°05'N +, +10°25'E +; 1909. + + += Uvariopsis vanderystii +Robyns & Ghesq., Ann. Soc. Sci. Bruxelles, Ser. B liii. 64 (1933). Type. Democratic Republic of the Congo - Bandundu • H.J.R. Vanderyst 9973 (holotype: BR! (BR0000008824387)), Kikwit; +5°02'S +, +18°49'E +; 1921. + + + +Description. +Shrub to tree 2-8 m tall, D.B.H 1.5-6.5 cm; young branches pubescent to glabrous, old branches glabrous. Petiole 2-5 mm long, 1.8-3 mm wide, glabrous. Leaf lamina 172-290 mm long, 57-108 mm wide, length:width ratio 2.3-3.9, elliptic to obovate, coriaceous, base acute, apex acuminate, acumen 3-23 mm long, surface above glabrous, surface below glabrous; midrib impressed above, raised below, glabrous above, glabrous below; secondary veins 8-15 pairs, brochidodromous to weakly brochidodromous, impressed above, raised below; tertiary veins reticulate. Flowers unisexual, male and female flowers dimorphic, on same individuals (plant monoecious). Flower buds globose. Male inflorescences borne on trunk, composed of 1 flower. Peduncle inconspicuous. Flower pedicel 14-320 mm long, 0.9-3 mm in diameter, sparsely pubescent to glabrous. Bracts 1 at base and 1 towards the middle or lower half of the pedicel, upper bract ca. 2 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, broadly ovate, adpressed, semi clasping the pedicel. Sepals 2, 2-7 mm long, 6-7.5 mm wide, very broadly ovate, basally fused, enclosing the petals in bud, sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, dark purplish red. Petals 4, 9-12 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, length:width ratio 1.3-2.2, broadly elliptic to elliptic, fused at base over 20-40 % of their length, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, cream outside, orangish to reddish brown inside. Stamens 650 to 900, 0.5-1 mm long, 0.1-0.3 mm wide, anthers linear, connective prolongation truncate or absent. Female inflorescences borne on trunk, composed of 1 flower. Flower pedicel 80-325 mm long, 1-3 mm in diameter, sparsely pubescent. Bracts 1 at base and 1 towards the middle or lower half of the pedicel, upper bract ca. 2 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, broadly ovate, adpressed, semi clasping the pedicel. Sepals 2, 6-18 mm long, 9-12 mm wide, very broadly ovate, basally fused, enclosing the petals in bud, sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, dark purplish red. Petals 4, 8-14 mm long, 6-10 mm wide, length:width ratio 1.3-2.2, broadly elliptic to elliptic, fused at base over 20-40 % of their length, pubescent outside, glabrous inside, cream outside, orangish to reddish brown inside. Carpels 50 to 140, 2-4 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, pubescent, free; stigma 0.2-0.5 mm long, 0.2-0.5 mm wide, globose. Fruiting pedicel 129-197 mm long, 2-2.2 mm in diameter, pubescent to glabrous. Monocarps, 4-9, 10-17 mm long, 7-11 mm wide, length:width ratio 1.3-1.6 (measures taken from unripe fruits), cylindrical, very verrucose, pubescent, blackish brown, sessile. + + +Figure 77. + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa + +(Diels) Robyns & Ghesq +A +base of trunk with flower +B +leaf, lower side +C +base of leaf, upper side +D +base of leaf, lower side +E +male flower, top view +F +female flower, top view +G +inflorescence +H +flower, side view +I +fruit, top view. +A, C, D, F, H +Couvreur 594 +B, G +Bidault 2300 +E +Couvreur 878 +I +Couvreur 885. Photos +A, C-F, H, I +Thomas Couvreur +B, G +Ehoarn Bidault (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0). + + + + +Distribution. +Endemic to Lower Guinean Domain of the Guineo-Congolian Region: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon. + + +Habitat and ecology. +Lowland to submontane mature or secondary rain forests. Altitude: 200-1100 m asl. + + +Phenology. +Flowers collected in from February to June and from October to December. Fruits collected in from April to June and in November and December. + + +Notes. + + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa + +resembles + +Up. dioica + +, + +Up. guineensis + +and + +Up. solheidii + +in having elliptic to obovate leaves, with acute base and acuminate apex. It has female flower pedicels 80-325 mm long, which is longer than in all + +Uvariopsis + +species, except in + +Up. congolana + +(200-400 mm long) and + +Up. solheidii + +(up to 198 mm long). It differs from + +Up. congolana + +in having 4 petals (vs. 3 petals) and verrucose monocarps (vs. longitudinally ridged monocarps). It differs from + +Up. solheidii + +in having broadly elliptic to elliptic petals, fused at base over 20-40% of their length (vs. ovate to narrowly ovate and free petals). In the Revision of the Flora of West Tropical Africa, Keay ( +Keay 1952 +) synonymised the name + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa + +(Diels) Robyns & Ghesq. with + +Up. dioica + +(Diels) Robyns & Ghesq. Based on the examination of many herbarium specimens (including the type specimen), we found that the specimens previously identified under the name + +Up. pedunculosa + +were morphologically very different from + +Up. dioica + +. Indeed, + +Up. dioica + +has free petals whereas + +Up. pedunculosa + +has basally fused petals. Rather, + +Up. pedunculosa + +is morphologically similar to specimens identified as + +Up. vanderystii + +Robyns & Ghesq. Thus, in the +Annonaceae +Flora of Cameroon ( +Couvreur et al. 2022 +), we synonymized + +Uvariopsis vanderystii + +Robyns & Ghesq. with + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa + +(Diels) Robyns & Ghesq. Phylogenetically, our results show that the holotype of + +Up. pedunculosa + +(Zenker 3868) did not cluster with + +Up. dioica + +, but with the specimens previously identified as + +Up. vanderystii + +(e.g. Couvreur 602) (Fig. +1 +, Suppl. materials 1, 2) confirming the synonymisation of the name + +Up. vanderystii + +with + +Up. pedunculosa + +. + + + +Figure 78. +Distribution map of + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa + +. Shades of grey represent elevation, from white (sea level) to darker grey (higher elevation). The inset shows the extent of the map over Africa. + + + + +Preliminary conservation status. + +This species has already been assessed (as + +Uvariopsis vanderystii + +) as Vulnerable VU under criteria B2ab(iii), mainly because of continuing decline in AOO due to the threat of agricultural expansion ( +Cheek 2014c +). Here, the EOO of + +Uvariopsis pedunculosa + +is estimated at 463,493 km2 and its AOO is estimated at 96 km2. It occurs in more than 20 locations. Based on AOO, it would qualify for Endangered EN B2b(iii), but do not meet any other subcriteria (a or c). Given the threat mentioned above, we assign a preliminary conservation status of Near Threatened NT. + + + +Additional specimens examined. + + +Cameroon +- +Littoral +• +T.L.P. Couvreur +1173 (K, MPU, P, WAG, YA), +Mapubi +, +30 km +before + +Edea on +Yaounde-Edea + +road. +On +forestry road, +5 km +direction to +Sanaga river +; 3°50'44.56'N, 10°23'21.98'E; alt. + +219 m + +; +28 Feb. 2018 + +- + +South Region +• +G.P. Tchouto Mbatchou +3242 (KRIBI, SCA, WAG), Campo-Ma'an area, +Massif des Mamelles +, along the path to +Mamelles +highlands; 2°33'57'N, 9°56'58'E; alt. + +280 m + +; +23 Apr. 2001 + +• + +G.P. Tchouto Mbatchou +ELEX15 (WAG), +Campo Ma'an area +, +Mont +d' +Elephant +, +Bidou area +towards +Hevecam +, path to the summit; 2°47'52'N, 10°01'12'E; alt. + +180 m + +; +16 Oct. 2001 + +• + +G.P. Tchouto Mbatchou +ONOX182 (WAG), +Campo Ma'an area +, +Onoyong +, between plots ONO1 and 10; 2°31'39'N, 10°41'49'E; alt. + +360 m + +; +18 Mar. 2001 + +• + +G.P. Tchouto Mbatchou +ONOX274 (WAG), +Campo Ma'an area +, +Onoyong +, between plots ONO1 and 10; 2°31'39'N, 10°41'49'E; alt. + +360 m + +; +18 Mar. 2001 + +- + +South-West Region +• +D.W. Thomas +2756 (K, MO), on the southern slope of +Mount + + +Cameroon +, above +Batoke +; +4°05'N +, +9°06'E +; alt. + +500 m + +; +29 Dec. 1983 + +• + +D.W. Thomas +7364 (P), +Takamanda Forest Reserve +; +6°13'N +, +9°26'E +; alt. + +500 m + +; +30 Apr. 1987 + +• + +G.K. Gottsberger +170307/11 (ULM, WAG), c. +2 km +from +Banyang Mbo Research Station +; +5°08'N +, +9°30'E +; +17 Mar. 2007 + +• + +G.W.J. Mildbraed +10745 (B, K), +Likomba - Pflanzung +, + +15-35 km +NE von Victoria + +; +4°06'N +, +9°20'E +; alt. + +50 m + +; +03 Dec. 1928 + +• + +J.F. Villiers +1427 (P), +Massif Ntali +, +crete +sommitale, + +30 km +SE +Mamfe + +; 5°33'53.69'N, 9°29'26.07'E; alt. + +1100 m + +; +14 Jun. 1982 + +• + +R.G. Letouzey +13849 (MO, P), + +Crete +de Nta Ali + +, entre cotes 1009 et 1202; + +30 km +SE Mamfe + +(feuille IGN 1/200.000 +Mamfe +); 5°33'39.99'N, 9°30'09.81'E; alt. + +1266 m + +; +19 Jun. 1975 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +1063 (MPU, WAG, YA), on forest trail, north of +Ngomboku village +; 4°54'48.49'N, 9°43'28.73'E; alt. + +793 m + +; +06 Apr. 2016 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +1066 (MPU, WAG, YA), on forest trail, north of +Ngomboku village +; 4°54'38.74'N, 9°43'48.18'E; alt. + +815 m + +; +06 Apr. 2016 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +517 (MPU, YA); +Fako +, on trail trough palm oil plantation, +3 km +before lava flow and +Seme Beach +hotel when coming from +Limbe +; 4°04'28.6'N, 9°05'06.64'E; alt. + +479 m + +; +18 Oct. 2013 + +- + +Unknown +major area • +W.G. Gosline +244 (K, MO, P, WAG, YA), +Kupe-Muanenguba Division +, +Ajang +saprophyte plot; +4°46'N +, +9°41'E +; alt. + +950 m + +; +01 Dec. 1999 + +. + +Equatorial Guinea +- +Centro Sur +• +B. Senterre +2989 (BRLU), + +SO du Parc National de Monte +Alen + +, +2 km +au NE du site de +traversee +du +rio Uolo +pour aller aux cataractas; 1°36'33.62'N, 10°05'32.96'E; alt. + +750 m + +; +23 Jun. 2002 + +. + +Gabon +- +Estuaire +• +T.L.P. Couvreur +602 (MPU, YA), +Crystal Mountains +, on trail behind the dam at + +Tchimbele + +; 0°37'02.43'N, 10°24'41.26'E; alt. + +617 m + +; +16 Nov. 2013 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +607 (MPU, YA), +Crystal Mountains +, on trail befind tunnel leading under dam; 0°36'47.64'N, 10°24'10.96'E; alt. + +492 m + +; +16 Nov. 2013 + +- + +Nyanga +• +J.L.C.H. van Valkenburg +2940 (BR, LBV, WAG), +Moukalaba Doudou +, national park, south of the road to +Kachimba +; 2°41'36'S, 10°27'06'E; alt. + +500 m + +; +22 Feb. 2004 + +- + + +Ogooue-Ivindo + +• +E. Bidault +2300 (BR, BRLU, LBV, MO, MO, P, WAG), concession +forestiere +Rougier-Ivindo +; 0°06'23.9'N, 12°21'06.3'E; alt. + +380 m + +; +29 Oct. 2015 + +• + +M.S.M. Sosef +2241 (BR, K, LBV, MO, WAG), c. +30 km +down the +Ivindo River +from the IRET +Research Station +, +SW of Makokou +; 0°21'30'N, 12°38'42'E; alt. + +350 m + +; +07 Nov. 2005 + +- + + +Ogooue-Lolo + +• +G.M.P.C. Le Testu +8525 (P), region +de Lastoursville +, +Lastoursville +; +0°50'N +, +12°42'E +; +18 Nov. 1930 + +- + +Woleu-Ntem +• +J.M. Reitsma +2554 (LBV, MO, WAG), +Inventory Oveng +; primary rain forest, ca + +25 km +WSW of Mintsic + +; +0°44'N +, +11°22'E +; +08 Nov. 1986 + +• + +J.M. Reitsma +891 (LBV, MO, WAG), chantier + +Rougier-Ocean + +, +Oveng +; +0°40'N +, +11°22'E +; alt. + +760 m + +; +08 May. 1985 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +594 (MPU, YA), +40 km +from +Sam +, on raod main road to +Medouneu +; 0°42'14.82'N, 10°20'53.39'E; alt. + +589 m + +; +14 Nov. 2013 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +878 (LBV, WAG, YA), on road from +Mitzic +to +Lalara +(N2), just after the bridge over the +Lara +, c. + +500 m + +in forest; 0°36'15.66'N, 11°29'12'E; alt. + +574 m + +; +15 Nov. 2015 + +• + +T.L.P. Couvreur +885 (LBV, WAG, YA), c. +15 km +south of +Mitzic +(N2), in +Foreex +logging conssession, +5 km +after the bridge after the main base camp ( +Saint Germain +, c. +25 km +from road N2), on abandoned logging road left to the main road; 0°41'51.34'N, 11°40'50.29'E; alt. + +531 m + +; +16 Nov. 2015 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/96/5F/16965F99DA4912F3D6C1E2DE33D3D2E1.xml b/data/16/96/5F/16965F99DA4912F3D6C1E2DE33D3D2E1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..50c703f9756 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/96/5F/16965F99DA4912F3D6C1E2DE33D3D2E1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,49 @@ + + + +A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). + + + +Author + +Ward, P. S. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2005 + +936 + + +1 +68 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/21008/21008.pdf + +journal article +21008 + + + + + + +Formica adamsi whymperi Wheeler +1917a + + + +Based on unavailable name whymperi Forel 1904b. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/96/68/169668676EE57809272FC6C1D4F0E336.xml b/data/16/96/68/169668676EE57809272FC6C1D4F0E336.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3cf888f70e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/96/68/169668676EE57809272FC6C1D4F0E336.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Larval food plants of Australian Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) - a review of available data + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7938 +7938 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7938 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7938 +1314-2828-4-7938 + + + + + +Epyaxa subidaria ( +Guenee +, 1858) + + + + +Ecological interactions + +Feeds on + +Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides +( +Araliaceae +) + + + + +Notes + +McQuillan (1999) +. Captured larvae were reared to the final instar. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/97/22/169722163FE4A2BC2207F73195C5BEBE.xml b/data/16/97/22/169722163FE4A2BC2207F73195C5BEBE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8d5ae9e466d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/97/22/169722163FE4A2BC2207F73195C5BEBE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,228 @@ + + + +Seventeen new genera of microgastrine parasitoid wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from tropical areas of the world + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose L +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 +Canadian National Collection of insects, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada +cnc.braconidae@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Boudreault, Caroline +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-2626 +Canadian National Collection of insects, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2018 + +2018-06-25 + + +64 + + +25 +140 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.64.25453 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.64.25453 +1314-2607-64-25 +A27707E3673148319A0BAAB6C2CD1412 +FFB89E571131B424FFEA6468C760FFF4 +1303466 + + + + + +Silvaspinosus +vespa Fernandez-Triana & Boudreault + +sp. n. + + + + + +Figs +34 + +, 35 + + + + +Holotype +. + +Female, Madagascar, CAS. + + +Holotype labels. + +Madagascar. +Toliara/Province: Vohidava/Forest, 88.9 km N/Amboasary, 24.40556°S. Second label: 46.287778°E, 500m,/6-8.XII.2006, MT, B. L./Fisher et al, BLF15694, +CNC649545 +. + + + +Holotype locality. + +MADAGASCAR, Toliara Province: Vohidava Forest, 88.9 km North of Amboasary, +24.40556°S +, +46.287778°E +, 500m. + + + +Paratypes. + +Madagascar. +(1♀ CNC), Toliara Province, Beza Mahafaly Reserve, +-22.840500 +, +44.731200 +, 165m, 24.xii.2002, coll. R. +Harin'Hala +, Voucher code: CNCH3044; (1♂ CAS), Tulear Province, Andohahela National Park, Ihazofotsy Parcelle III, +-24.830833 +, +46.536167 +, 80m, dry spiny forest, Malaise trap, 23.ix-4.x.2003, coll. M. Irwin, R. +Harin'Hala +& F. Parker, Voucher code: CASENT8402170; (3♂ CAS, CNC), Tulear Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Mitoho Forest, across trail at base of escarpment, +-24.048500 +, +43.752333 +, 120m, Dense dry forest, Malaise trap, 23-31.i.2009, coll. M. Irwin & R. +Harin'Hala +, Voucher codes: CASENT8402171, CASENT8402172, CASENT8402173; (1♀ 4♂ CAS, CNC), Toliara Province, Vohidava Forest, 88.9 km N Amboasary, +-24.240556 +46.287778 +, 500m, MT, 6-8.xii.2006, coll. B. L. Fisher et al, Voucher codes: CNC649540, CNC649542, CNC649543, CNC649544, CNC649546. + + + +Diagnosis. +This is the only known species in the genus so far, thus the generic diagnosis works as the species diagnosis as well. + + +Description. + +Female. Head and mesosoma mostly black, mesosoma mostly dark brown, except for T1 light brown; clypeus, labrum and flagellomeres dark brown; mandibles orange; scape and pedicel yellow-brown; palpi usually mostly white (except for labial palpi 1-2 dark brown), but some specimens with darker palpi (mostly dark brown); legs mostly dark brown (except for protibial, protarsus, mesotibia and mesotarsus which are orange-yellow or yellow-white, and small white spot on anterior 0.1 or less of all tibiae); metatibial spurs yellow-white; wings slightly infumated on apical half, veins brown but parastigma yellow-white. Clypeus extremely long and thin. Malar line extremely short, almost nonexistent (0.01 mm or less long). Mandible base separate from head by a desclerotized area that looks like an opening. Mandibles relatively stout and large. Tentorial pits relatively very large. Anteromesoscutum mostly smooth, with shallow and sparse punctures. Notauli not indicated by sculpture. Scutellar disc without posteromedian band of rugosity. Propodeum mostly with rugose sculpture, with median longitudinal carina complete. Fore wing with large, quadrangular areolet (second submarginal cell). Fore tarsus with a curved, spine-like seta. Metacoxa relatively short (its length not surpassing posterior margin of T2), metatibial spurs relatively short (less than half the length of first segment of metatarsus). T1 smooth and without median longitudinal sulcus. T2 smooth and with central area slightly raised and poorly defined +from +lateral areas by weak sulcus. T3+ smooth and with sparse, relatively long setae. Hypopygium relatively short, not extending beyond last tergites. Ovipositor sheaths mostly smooth and very short, 0.14 +x +metatibia length. +Body measurements (mm). +F2 L: 0.24 +( +0.21); F3 L: 0.23 (0.21); F14 L: 0.15 (0.13); F15 L: 0.15 (0.13); Malar sulcus L: 0.01 (0.03); Mandible W: 0.21 (0.21); T1 L: 0.51 (0.38); T1 W at posterior margin: 0.10 (0.10); T1 maximum W: 0.28 (0.23); T2 W at anterior margin: 0.60 (0.49); T2 W at +posterior +margin: 0.75 (0.68); T2 L: 0.25 (0.23); Metafemur L: 0.83 (0.79); Metafemur W: 0.33 (0.29); Metatibia L: 1.00 (1.00); Inner spur L: 0.18 (0.15); Outer spur L: 0.18 (0.18); First segment of Metatarsus L: 0.39 (0.38); Ovipositor sheaths L: 0.14 (0.18); Body L: 3.31 (3.19); Fore wing L: 2.83 (2.58). T1 L is approximate for 1 specimen. + + +Male. +As female. + + + +Figure 34. + +Silvaspinosus vespa + +female holotype. +A +Habitus +B +Head frontal +C +Fore wing +D +Head dorsal +E +Metasoma dorsal +F +Mesosoma dorsal +F +Propodeum. + + + + +Figure 35. + +Silvaspinosus vespa + +female CNC644540 ( +A-E +) and male CASENT8402171 ( +F +) paratypes. +A +Habitus +B +Head frontal +C +Fore wing +D +Metasoma dorsal +E +Head and mesosoma, dorsal +F +Head frontal, male. + + + + +Biology. +Host unknown. + + +Distribution. +Madagascar, apparently restricted to the Spiny Forest ecoregion, also known as Madagascar spiny thickets (sensu https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/at1311). + + +Molecular data. + +One of the female paratypes (CNCH3044) rendered a partial barcode (427bp), which is 8.3% different from the closest +Microgastrinae +(several + +Microplitis + +species). + + + +Etymology. + +From Latin " +Silvaspinosus vespa +" (meaning +"wasp" +), referring to the species being a parasitoid wasp. It also intends to play with the generic name (which means "spiny forest") thus producing the combined name of "wasp of the spiny forest" for the species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/97/2F/16972FCBDEB854E5CEF20C28722C74E7.xml b/data/16/97/2F/16972FCBDEB854E5CEF20C28722C74E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a93eee7a94 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/97/2F/16972FCBDEB854E5CEF20C28722C74E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,833 @@ + + + +Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve + + + +Author + +Telfer, Angela C +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +atelfer@uoguelph.ca + + + +Author + +Young, Monica R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Quinn, Jenna +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobel, Crystal N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sones, Jayme E +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Derbyshire, Rachael +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose +CNC, Ottawa, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 + + + +Author + +Rougerie, Rodolphe +Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Thevanayagam, Abinah +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Boskovic, Adrian +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Borisenko, Alex V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-3057 + + + +Author + +Cadel, Alex +University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pages, Anais +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Castillo, Anibal H +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0528 + + + +Author + +Nicolai, Annegret +EcoBio, Universite of Rennes, Rennes, France + + + +Author + +Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Bukowski, Belen +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Wilson, Bill +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Trojahn, Brock +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Lacroix, Carole Ann +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Brimblecombe, Chris +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hay, Christoper +University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Ho, Christmas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Steinke, Claudia +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Warne, Connor P +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Garrido Cortes, Cristina +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Engelking, Daniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Wright, Danielle +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lijtmaer, Dario A +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Gascoigne, David +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Hernandez Martich, David +Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo DR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic + + + +Author + +Morningstar, Derek +Myotistar, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Neumann, Dirk +SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Steinke, Dirk +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Dobias, Dylan +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sears, Elizabeth +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Richard, Ellen +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Damstra, Emily +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Zakharov, Evgeny V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Laberge, Frederic +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Collins, Gemma E +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin A +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Grainge, Gerrie +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Ansell, Graham +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Meredith, Greg +Grand River Conservation Authority, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hogg, Ian +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +McKeown, Jaclyn +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Topan, Janet +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Bracey, Jason +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Guenther, Jerry +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Sills-Gilligan, Jesse +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Addesi, Joseph +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Persi, Joshua +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Layton, Kara K S +The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia + + + +Author + +D'Souza, Kareina +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dorji, Kencho +National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan + + + +Author + +Grundy, Kevin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nghidinwa, Kirsti +Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia + + + +Author + +Ronnenberg, Kylee +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lee, Kyung Min +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Xie, Linxi +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Lu, Liuqiong +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Penev, Lyubomir +Pensoft, Sofia, Bulgaria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-5033 + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Mailyn +Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia + + + +Author + +Rosati, Margaret E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kekkonen, Mari +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Kuzmina, Maria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Iskandar, Marianne +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Mutanen, Marko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pentinsaari, Mikko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Bauman, Miriam +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nikolova, Nadya +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ivanova, Natalia V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Jones, Nathaniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Weerasuriya, Nimalka +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Monkhouse, Norman +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lavinia, Pablo D +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Jannetta, Paul +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hanisch, Priscila E +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +McMullin, R. Troy +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ojeda Flores, Rafael +Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Mouttet, Raphaelle +ANSES, Laboratoire de la Sante des Vegetaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France + + + +Author + +Vender, Reid +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Labbee, Renee N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Forsyth, Robert +New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0158 + + + +Author + +Lauder, Rob +London Homeopathy, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Dickson, Ross +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Kroft, Ruth +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Miller, Scott E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +MacDonald, Shannon +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Panthi, Sishir +Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal + + + +Author + +Pedersen, Stephanie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobek-Swant, Stephanie +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Naik, Suresh +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lipinskaya, Tatsiana +Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus + + + +Author + +Eagalle, Thanushi +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Decaens, Thibaud +Universite de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Kosuth, Thibault +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Braukmann, Thomas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Woodcock, Tom +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Roslin, Tomas +University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland + + + +Author + +Zammit, Tony +Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Campbell, Victoria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dinca, Vlad +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Peneva, Vlada +Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +deWaard, Jeremy R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +dewaardj@uoguelph.ca + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6313 +6313 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 +1314-2828-3-e6313 +FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1 +574474 + + + + +Phytomyza flavicornis Fallen, 1823 + + + +Notes +BOLD:AAH9376 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/97/52/169752FBACDB706E4E212433776363E7.xml b/data/16/97/52/169752FBACDB706E4E212433776363E7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..79dbb07d0b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/97/52/169752FBACDB706E4E212433776363E7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Review of the Oriental Monotypic Genus Pibrocha Kirkaldy (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Fulgoridae, Dorysarthrinae) + + + +Author + +Song, Zhi-Shun + + + +Author + +Bourgoin, Thierry + + + +Author + +Liang, Ai-Ping + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +132 + + +1 +13 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.132.1319 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.132.1319 +1313-2970-132-1 + + + + +Genus +Dichoptera Spinola, 1839 + + + + +Dichoptera +Spinola, 1839: 286; +Stal +, 1862: 487; Kirby, 1891: 147; Kirkaldy, 1902: 50; Melichar, 1912: 41; Metcalf, 1946: 23. Type species: +Fulgora hyalinata +Fabricius, 1781; by monotypy. + + + +Clonia + +Walker, 1858: 60. Type species: +Clonia lurida +Walker, 1858; by monotypy. Synonymised by +Stal +, 1962: 487. + + +Thanatophara +Kirkaldy, 1904: 280. Nom. nov. for +Clonia +Walker. + + + +Remarks. + +The genus +Dichoptera +was erected by Spinola in 1939 as one of five dictyopharid genera for the family +Dictyopharidae +. A total of eleven species are included in the genus, which is restricted in the Oriental region. The genus +Dichoptera +was moved by +Emeljanov (1979) +from +Dictyopharidae +to +Fulgoridae +and a taxonomic review on this group is preparing (Song and Liang, in prep.). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/97/7F/16977F1CFDAD1F9430BEDC5F448EDE20.xml b/data/16/97/7F/16977F1CFDAD1F9430BEDC5F448EDE20.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..94b7eb03d56 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/97/7F/16977F1CFDAD1F9430BEDC5F448EDE20.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +754 +818 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Spermophilus (Spermophilus) pygmaeus +subsp. +mugosaricus +Lichtenstein 1823 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Spermophilus (Spermophilus) pygmaeus +subsp. +kazakstanicus +(Goodwin 1935) + +; + +Spermophilus (Spermophilus) pygmaeus +subsp. +nikolskii +( +Heptner 1934 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/97/80/169780329F360F5A93C074F4FE7B6A74.xml b/data/16/97/80/169780329F360F5A93C074F4FE7B6A74.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76bfdfa9d27 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/97/80/169780329F360F5A93C074F4FE7B6A74.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Nine genera of Eucnemidae (Coleoptera) new to Peru, with a key to Peruvian genera + + + +Author + +Vahtera, Varpu + + + +Author + +Muona, Jyrki + + + +Author + +Linna, Ari + + + +Author + +Saeaeksjaervi, Ilari E. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4493 +4493 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4493 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4493 +1314-2828-3-4493 + + + + +Fornax sp. 5 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +2 +; Taxon: higherClassification: Coleoptera; Eucnemidae; Macraulacinae; Macraulacini; genus: Fornax Laporte, 1835; Location: continent: South America; country: +Peru +; county: Loreto; municipality: Iquitos; locality: +National Reserve of Allpahuayo Mishana (NRAM) + + + + +Notes +An undescribed species caught in white-sand forest (Suppl. material 2). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/98/0A/16980AFC2A91571DB5D69D20CB766FDF.xml b/data/16/98/0A/16980AFC2A91571DB5D69D20CB766FDF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..85add76b6dc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/98/0A/16980AFC2A91571DB5D69D20CB766FDF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ + + + +Taxonomic study of the genus Kuvera Distant, 1906 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) with descriptions of two new species from China + + + +Author + +Zhi, Yan +Key Laboratory of Medical Insects, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China +zhiyan0428@163.com + + + +Author + +Yang, Lin +Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China + + + +Author + +Chen, Xiang-Sheng +Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-01-18 + + +1141 + + +41 +63 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1141.84211 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1141.84211 +1313-2970-1141-41 +917B861982C6444DA3948D0E951DE940 +855AE513ABF7534A91E224A3BA6FFC2B + + + + +Kuvera basarukini Emeljanov, 1998 + + + + +Figs 1A, B +, 3 + + + + +Kuvera basarukini +Emeljanov, 1998: 133. + + + +Material examined. + + + +China + +: +1♂ +, +Guizhou Province +, +Duyun City +, +Doupengshan +( +26°21'N +, +107°23'E +), +19 August 2017 +, leg. +Liang-Jing Yang + +; + +1♂ +, +Guizhou Province +, +Rongjiang county +, +Xiaodanjiang +( + +660-800 m + +) ( +26°20'N +, +108°21'E +), +13-14 September 2005 +, leg. +Bin Zhang +, +Zi-Zhong Li. + + + + +Redescription. + +Body length: male: 5.5-5.9 mm ( +N += 2). + + + +Coloration +. + +General color blackish brown (Figs +1A, B +, +3A, B +). Eyes brown, ocelli yellowish brown. Vertex brown, pronotum dark brown and mesonotum blackish brown. Frons generally yellowish brown, blackish brown above frontoclypeal suture. Clypeus blackish brown. Rostrum generally brown except darker tip. Forewing semi-translucent, with a small irregular blackish brown spot at branch of Y-vein, stigma blackish brown. Hind tibiae yellowish brown and abdominal sternites blackish brown. + + + +Figure 1. +Habitus +A, B + +Kuvera basarukini + +Emeljanov, 1998, male +A +dorsal view +B +lateral view +C, D + +Kuvera campylotropa + +sp. nov., male +C +dorsal view +D +lateral view. + + + + +Figure 2. +Habitus +A, B + +Kuvera elongata + +sp. nov., male +A +dorsal view +B +lateral view +C, D + +Kuvera laticeps + +(Metcalf, 1936), male +C +dorsal view +D +lateral view. + + + + +Head and thorax +. + +Vertex (Fig. +3A +) broad, 2.2 times wider than long; anterior margin arched convex, posterior margin arched concave; median carina reaching transverse carinae, indistinct. Frons (Fig. +3B +) 1.2 times as wide as long, median carina indistinct, extending from slightly above level of lateral ocelli to median ocellus. Clypeus with median carina distinct and elevated throughout. Pronotum (Fig. +3A +) 2.2 times longer than vertex, posterior margin nearly at right angle. Mesonotum 1.6 times longer than pronotum and vertex combined. Forewing (Fig. +3C +) 3.0 times longer than wide, with 10 apical and 6 subapical cells; fork Sc+RP distad of fork CuA1+CuA2; first crossvein r-m basad of fork MP; RP 2 branches, MP with five terminals: MP11, MP12, MP2, MP3, and MP4, fork MP1+MP2 basad of fork MP3+MP4. Hind tibia with 2-3 lateral spines, metatibiotarsal formula: 6/7/7-8, second segment of hind tarsus with 2-3 platellae. + + + +Figure 3. + +Kuvera basarukini + +Emeljanov, 1998, male +A +head and thorax, dorsal view +B +face, ventral view +C +forewing +D +genitalia, lateral view +E +pygofer and gonostyli, ventral view +F +anal segment, dorsal view +G +gonostyli, inner lateral view +H +aedeagus, right side +I +aedeagus, left side +J +aedeagus, dorsal view +K +aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( +A, B, D-K +); 1.0 mm ( +C +). + + + + +Male genitalia +. + +Pygofer (Fig. +3D, E +) symmetrical, dorsal margin concave and U-shaped ventrally, widened towards apex; in lateral view, lateral lobes arched extended caudally. Medioventral process triangular in ventral view. Anal segment (Fig. +3D, F +) long, tubular, symmetrical, apical lobes slightly enlarged, 2.2 times longer than wide in dorsal view; anal style finger-like, not extending beyond anal segment. Gonostyli (Fig. +3D, E, G +) symmetrical in ventral view; in inner lateral view, apical part extended, apical margin round. Aedeagus (Fig. +3H-K +) in total with three processes. Right apex of periandrium with a medium-sized spinose process, curved and apex directed left-ventrocephalad; spinose process on left side near apical 1/3 of periandrium being the longest, gently curved from left to right side over periandrium and apex directed to the right side; base of periandrium ventrally with one small tooth. Endosoma slender, structure simple, left side near the middle with a stout and short spinose process, apex directed dorsocephalad. + + + +Host plant. +Unknown. + + +Distribution. +China (Guizhou), Russia (Sakhalin Island). + + +Remarks. +This species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by the following characters: anal segment symmetrical; aedeagus with three processes: right spinose process of periandrium curved and apex directed left-ventrocephalad; left spinose process of periandrium being the longest, curved over periandrium and apex exceeding right lateral margin of periandrium; spinose process of endosoma stout and short, apex directed dorsocephalad. + + +Note. +This species is recorded from China for the first time. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/98/67/169867850CA5A215D005732B36D4A887.xml b/data/16/98/67/169867850CA5A215D005732B36D4A887.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5bff2ee397f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/98/67/169867850CA5A215D005732B36D4A887.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +651 +689 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Manulea tomentosa +(Linnaeus) Linnaeus + +, + +Systema Vegetabilium +, ed. 13 + +:476. 1774 + + +. + + + +["Habitat ad Cap. b. spei. David Royen & J. Burmannus."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 877 (1763). RCN: 4562. + + + +Basionym: + +Selago tomentosa L. +(1760) + +. + + + +Type not designated. + + +Original material: as basionym. + + + +Current name: + + +Manulea tomentosa + +(L.) L. + +( +Scrophulariaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/98/D8/1698D8C5B74D592F89BAC8AC41F2E27B.xml b/data/16/98/D8/1698D8C5B74D592F89BAC8AC41F2E27B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bbebfd0a5f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/98/D8/1698D8C5B74D592F89BAC8AC41F2E27B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +Diversity pattern of insects from Macao based on an updated species checklist after 25 years + + + +Author + +Xian, Chunlan +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Leong, Chi Man +Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Beijing normal university - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China & Macao Entomological Society, Estrada Coronel Nicolau de Mesquita, Macao SAR, China + + + +Author + +Luo, Jiuyang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-9534 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Han, Hongxiang +Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China +hanhx@ioz.ac.cn + + + +Author + +Xie, Qiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-8808 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China +xieq8@mail.sysu.edu.cn + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-04-05 + + +12 + + +118110 +118110 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 +1314-2828-12-e118110 +57B0CE31B4055266A115FC1275D70C79 + + + + + +Spodoptera picta ( +Guerin-Meneville +, 1838) + + + + +Notes + +Pun and Batalha (1997) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/99/9F/16999F033307B412C4C7510B4CB2152E.xml b/data/16/99/9F/16999F033307B412C4C7510B4CB2152E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de86c30de9c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/99/9F/16999F033307B412C4C7510B4CB2152E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +A synopsis of the scorpion fauna of French Guiana, with description of four new species + + + +Author + +Ythier, Eric + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +764 + + +27 +90 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.764.25108 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.764.25108 +1313-2970-764-27 +8BB7E0E6315446E9A010D8E52E7EEF4E +8BB7E0E6315446E9A010D8E52E7EEF4E + + + + + +Auyantepuia kelleri +Lourenco +, 1997 + + + + +References. + + +Lourenco +1997b + +, +Fet et al. 2000 +, +Soleglad and Fet 2005 +, +Prendini and Wheeler 2005 +, + +Lourenco +and Qi 2007 + +, +Ythier 2015 +. + + + +Material. + +Cacao, one female (holotype), deposited in the MHNG, W. +Lourenco +leg., II/1989. + + + +Diagnosis. +General coloration brownish. Carapace brownish with darker spots on the anterior part of the carapace; posterior part and furrows lighter; ocular tubercle light. Tergites brownish with confluent yellowish spots. Venter yellowish brown. All metasomal segments uniformly dark reddish. Vesicle reddish with basis of aculeus reddish and tip of aculeus reddish black. Chelicerae yellowish red with greyish spots; fingers yellowish with reddish teeth. Pedipalps dark reddish, chela reddish. Legs yellowish with slightly variegated greyish spots. Carapace without granules, almost smooth; anterior edge very slightly concave. Tergites with few minute and scattered granules. Pectinal tooth count 6-6 in female. Sternites smooth with spiracles rounded in shape. Metasomal segment V with spinoid granulation ventrally; dorsal and latero-dorsal carinae on segments I to V weakly marked; other carinae absent. Vesicle flattened with few scattered granules ventrally; aculeus of medium size. Pedipalp femur with dorsal internal, dorsal external and ventral internal carinae well-marked; internal side granular; patella and chela with vestigial carinae; chela weakly granulated dorsally and with few scattered granules internally; dentate margins on movable fingers with five rows of granules separated by bigger granules. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/99/A5/1699A527214FC106A06067FB02B51AC5.xml b/data/16/99/A5/1699A527214FC106A06067FB02B51AC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4798fb147c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/99/A5/1699A527214FC106A06067FB02B51AC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,134 @@ + + + +Revision of the Afrotropical Oberthuerellinae (Cynipoidea, Liopteridae) + + + +Author + +Buffington, Matthew L. + + + +Author + +Noort, Simon van + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +202 + + +1 +154 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.202.2136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.202.2136 +1313-2970-202-1 + + + + +Tessmannella spinosa Hedicke +Figures 50-51 + + + + +Tessmannella spinosa +Hedicke, 1912: 303. + + + +Description. +Coloration of head and mesosoma black to dark brown; metasoma and legs reddish brown. Sculpture on vertex, lateral surface of pronotum and mesoscutum present, deeply striate on head, costate with foveae on pronotum, mesoscutum. + +Head. Broadly triangular, in anterior view. Pubescence on head present, dense setae covering head. Sculpture along lateral margin of occiput absent. Gena (meas +ured +from compound eye to posterolateral margin of head) short, ratio of length of gena to length of compound eye in dorsal view <0.3. Sculpture of gena smooth with remnants of costulae along posterior margin. Lateral margin of occiput defined by distinctly angled, raised, sharp carina. Occiput (except extreme lateral margin) smooth. Ocelli small, ratio of maximum diameter of a lateral ocellus to shortest distance between lateral ocelli 0.2-0.4. Anterior ocellus close to posterior ocelli, post +erior +margin of anterior ocellus behind or subcontiguous with a transverse line running through anterior margins of posterior ocelli. Relative position of toruli close to ocelli, ratio of vertical distance between inner margin of torulus and ventral margin of clypeus to vertical distance between anterior ocellus and torulus <2.0. Median keel of face present, short, not extending beyond toruli. Vertical carina adjacent to ventral margin of torulus absent. Facial sculpture present, punctate-rugose, transversely striate; striations meeting at midline of face. Facial impression absent, face flat. Antennal scrobe absent. Anterior tentorial pits small. Vertical delineations on lower face absent. Ventral clypeal margin laterally, close to anterior mandibular articulation, distinctly angled. Ventral clypeal margin medially emarginate. Clypeus circumscribed by clypeal carina; surface striate, converging ventro-medially. Malar space adjacent to anterior articulation of mandible evenly rounded, striate-foveate. Malar sulcus absent. Compound eye close to posterior ocellus, ratio of distance between compound eye and posterior mandibular articulation to distance between posterior ocellus and compound eye> 1.2. Compound eye, in dorsal view, distinctly protruding from the surface of the head, particularly laterally. Pubescence on compound eye absent. Orbital furrows absent. Lateral frontal carina of face absent. Dorsal aspect of vertex +deeply +foveate. Posterior aspect of vertex foveate. Hair punctures on lateral aspect of vertex present, indistinct. Posterior surface of head almost flat, not deeply impressed. + +Labial-maxillary complex. Apical segment of maxillary palp with pubescence, consisting only of erect setae. First segment of labial palp shorter than apical segment. Labial palp composed of three segments. Apical seta on apical segment of maxillary palp shorter than twice length of second longest apical seta. Erect setae medially on apical segment of maxillary palp present. Maxillary palp composed of four segments. Last two segments of maxillary palp (in normal repose) straight. Distal margin of subapical segment of maxillary palp straight, apical segment bending outwards. Apical segment of maxillary palp more than 1.5 times as long as preceding segment. +Antenna. Articulation between flagellomeres in antenna connate with articles broadly joined. Female antenna composed of 11 flagellomeres. Female F1 as long as F2. Flagellomeres of female antenna cylindrical, not widened towards apex, non-clavate. Placoidal sensilla absent. Distal flagellomeres of female antenna not conspicuously enlarged compared to proximal flagellomeres. +Pronotum. Macrosculpture on lateral surface of pronotum present, dorsomedially foveate, laterally foveate-costate. Pubescence on lateral surface of pronotum present, sparse, consisting of few short hairs. Anterior flange of pronotal plate distinctly protruding anteriorly, transversely striate. Carinae extending posteriorly from lateral margin of pronotal plate absent. Lateral pronotal carina present. Pronotal crest present, raised into a distinct process projecting above anterior margin of mesoscutum. Submedian pronotal depressions absent, represented by shallow depression. Lateral margin of pronotal plate defined all the way to the dorsal margin of the pronotum. Pronotal plate wide, almost as wide as head. +Mesoscutum. Mesoscutal surface convex, evenly curved. Sculpture on mesoscutum present, transversely costate with dorsally projected serrations. Notaulus present, wide, transversely striate, distinctly wider posteriorly. Median mesoscutal carina absent. Anterior admedial lines present, with adjacent cuticular surface wrinkled. Median mesoscutal impression present, short, indicated by notch. Parascutal carina nearly straight anteriorly, posteriorly curved mesally. +Mesopleuron. Dorsally with strigae running dorsoventrally; ventrally smooth, medially sparsely setose. Subpleuron anteriorly strigate, posteriorly smooth; medially with sparse, long setae. Lower mesopleuron medially smooth, glabrous; costate laterally, ventrally. Epicnemial carina absent. Lateroventral mesopleural carina present, marking abrupt change of slope of mesopectus. Mesopleural triangle present, distinctly impressed into longitudinal trough ventrally; dorsally striate, glabrous. Subalar pit large and well defined, lying in posterior end of mesopleural triangle. Speculum present, striate. Mesopleural carina absent. + +Scutellum. Dorsal surface of scutellum foveate-areolate. Circumscutellar carina absent. Posterior margin of axillula marked by distinct ledge, axillula distinctly impressed adjacent to ledge. Lateroventral margin of scutellum posterior to auricula smooth ventrally, obliquely longtidinally striate dorsally, entirely striate posteriorly. Dorsoposterior part of scutellum produced posteriorly into sharp spine, less than 1.0 +x +length of +petiole +. Dorsal part of scutellum entirely rugose. Scutellar plate absent. Scutellar foveae present, three. Longitudinal scutellar carinae absent. Single longitudinal carina separating scutellar foveae absent. Posterolateral margin of scutellum drawn out into distinct protuberance. Lateral Lateral bar narrow, with strong strigate, foveate sculpture. + +Metapectal-propodeal complex. Metapectal cavity anterodorsal to metacoxal base absent. Anterior margin of metapectal-propodeal complex seperated from mesopleuron by distinct dorso-ventral ledge. Posteroventral corner of metapleuron (in lateral view) extended posteriorly. Anterior impression of metepimeron present, triangular, with broadest part ventrally. Posterior margin of metepimeron distinct, separating metepimeron from propodeum. Subalar area slightly broadened anteriorly, without longitudinal division indicated. Calyptra present, blunt, lobe-like, polished posteriorly, strigate anteriorly with setiferous punctures. Dorsellum present, horizontally striate. Anterior impression of metepisternum, immediately beneath anterior end of metapleural carina, large and wide. Pubescence consisting of few scattered hairs on posterior part of metapleuron and lateral part of propodeum. Propodeal spurs present, striate. Lateral propodeal carinae present, not reaching scutellum. Ventral end of lateral propodeal carina reaching nucha, carinae separated from each other. Inter propodeal carinae space lightly setose, smooth. Petiolar foramen removed from metacoxae, directed posteriorly. Horizontal carina running anteriorly from lateral propodeal carina present. Lateral propodeal carina straight, sub-parallel. Calyptra, in lateral view, elongate. Propodeum 'neck-like', drawn out posteriorly. Calyptra, in posterior view, dorsoventrally elongate. +Legs. Pubescence posterolaterally on metacoxa sparse to moderately dense, confined dense hair patch absent. Microsculpture on hind coxa absent. Longitudinal carina on the posterior surface of metatibia absent. Metafemoral spine present, elongate, with adjacent serrate ridge posteriorly. Distal mesotibial spurs shorter than medial spurs. Distal metatibial spurs shorter than medial spurs. Ratio of first metatibial segment to remaining 4 segments equal to 1.0. Pubescence on outer surface of metatarsal claw sparse, consisting of few setae. Outer surface of metatarsal claw almost entirely smooth. Apical seta of metatarsal claw positioned on outer surface below dorsal margin. Base of metatarsal claw weakly expanded, apex slightly bent, ratio width of base to length of apex <0.6. +Forewing. Pubescence of forewing absent on basal half of wing, sparse distally. Apical margin of female forewing rounded. Rs+M of forewing tubular. Mesal end of Rs+M vein situated closer to posterior margin of forewing, directed towards posterior end of basalis. Vein R1 tubular along at least basal part of anterior margin of marginal cell. Basal abscissa of R1 (the abscissa between 2r and the forewing margin) of forewing as broad as adjacent wing veins. Coloration of forewing hyaline with slight infuscation covering marginal cell, area posterior to marginal cell. Marginal cell of forewing membranous, similar to other wing cells. Areolet absent. Hair fringe along apical margin of forewing absent. + +Petiole. Distinctly elongate,> 5 +-6x +longer than broad. Surface of petiole longitudinally costate, ventral keel absent, ventral costulae ribbed. Posterior part of female petiole not abruptly widened. Ventral flange of annulus of female petiole absent. + + +Metasoma +. Setal band (hairy ring) at base of tergum 3 absent, base of metasoma glabrous. Tergum 3 distinctly smaller than tergum 4. Posterior margin of tergum 3 smoothly rounded. Posterior margin of tergum 4 straight. Sternum 3 exposed, ventral border of T2-T7 visible. Sculpture on metasomal terga present, dorsally smooth, posteroventrally micropunctate. Syntergum absent, all postpetiolar terga free. Annulus absent. Peg-like setae on T6-T7 absent. Posteroventral cavities of female metasoma T7 present, glabrous save for few, long setae. Female posteroventral margin of T6-T7 straight, parallel, with medial carina. Terebrum and hypopygium (in lateral view) straight, pointing posteriorly. + + + +FIgure 50. +Tessmannella spinosa +Hedicke, holotype A lateral habitus B dorsal habitus C head and mesosoma, lateral view D head and mesosoma, dorsal view E head and pronotum, dorsolateral view F scutellum, dorsal view. + + + + +Figure 51. +Tessmannella spinosa +Hedicke, holotype A meso- and metapleurae, lateral view B metasoma, lateral view C head, anterior view D labels. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Closely resembles +Tessmannella expansa +and +Tessmannella nigra +by having the entire forewing uniformly infuscate (medially hyaline in +Tessmannella copelandi +, +Tessmannella kiplingi +and +Tessmannella roberti +); distinguished from +Tessmannella expansa +and +Tessmannella nigra +by the possession of a circum clypeal carina (lacking in these latter species). + + + +Link to distribution map. +[http://hol.osu.edu/map-full.html?id=181551] + + +Material examined. +Holotype, female: EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Uelleburg, VI-1908 - VIII-1908, von Tessman, USNM ENT 00764791 (deposited in ZMHU). Paralectotype: EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Uelleburg, VI-1908 - VIII-1908, von Tessman (1 female, USNM ENT 00764792 (ZMHU)). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/99/BA/1699BAE2A99F5073A99546B33422EFB5.xml b/data/16/99/BA/1699BAE2A99F5073A99546B33422EFB5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f7ccc6b296 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/99/BA/1699BAE2A99F5073A99546B33422EFB5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ + + + +Dendrochilum hampelii (Coelogyninae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) traded as ' Big Pink' is a new species, not a hybrid: evidence from nrITS, mat K and ycf 1 sequence data + + + +Author + +Sulistyo, Bobby P. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands & University of Applied Sciences Arnhem and Nijmegen, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands + + + +Author + +Boos, Ronny +Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Canberra, Australia + + + +Author + +Cootes, James E. +Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Canberra, Australia + + + +Author + +Gravendeel, Barbara +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands & University of Applied Sciences Leiden, 2333 CK Leiden, The Netherlands & Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands +barbara.gravendeel@naturalis.nl + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2015 + +2015-10-01 + + +56 + + +83 +97 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5432 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5432 +1314-2003-56-83 +FFEE0A50AE636B149C7FFFF9E92EFF97 +576309 + + + + +Dendrochilum hampelii Sulistyo, Gravend., R.Boos & Cootes +sp. nov. +Figs 3 +, 4 + + + +Type. + +Sine loco et anno, +Perry 490 +(holotype L!). + + + +Diagnosis. + +This new species is similar to + +Dendrochilum propinquum + +Ames, but is distinguished by its larger flowers with petals proportionally broader (1.4-1.5 +x +) than the sepals, a broadly cordate labellum (6.8-8.0 +x +7.2-7.6 m) and acute stelidia. + + +Medium-sized, tufted epiphytic herb. +Roots +appearing from the rhizome, ca. 2.7 mm in diameter. + +Pseudobulbs + +tightly clustered on a short rhizome, fusiform, 3.5-5.0 cm long, 0.5-1.4 cm in diameter, longitudinally striated when dry, 1-leaved, initially covered by ca. 3 imperfectly to nearly perfectly tubular, rounded to acute cataphylls that soon disintegrate into persistent fibers. +Leaves +convolute, dorsiventrally flattened, petiolate; petiole channeled, 3.0-4.5 cm long; lamina (ob)lanceolate, obtuse, 13.0-20.0 +x +3.7-5 cm, subcoriaceous, with 7-8 distinct (and many indistinct) nerves. +Inflorescence +synanthous, racemose; peduncle suberect, arched, slender, somewhat flattened, 18.0-21.2 cm long, sparsely and finely setose; rachis pendent with distichously alternating flowers (but the rachis axis twisted so as to produce a cylindrical inflorescence), many-flowered with internodes of 3-7 mm, somewhat furrowed, 20.0-27.5 cm long, sparsely and finely setose, basally with 1 appressed non-floriferous bract; flowering starting from the proximal part of the rachis. +Floral bracts +glumaceous, broadly lanceolate to (ovate-)oblong when flattened, obtuse to acute, 4.0-9.5 +x +2.2-4.3 mm, entire, +9 +- to 19-nerved from the base, finely setose on the dorsal side. +Flowers +non-resupinate, pinkish salmon-coloured (Fig. +4A-B +) or pale yellow (Fig. +4C +) with yellow anther. +Sepals +recurved with revolute margins, entire, obtuse to rounded, minutely mucronate, glabrous, 3- to 5-veined from the base; dorsal sepal lanceolate-oblong, 8.7-11.0 +x +3.5-3.7 mm when flattened; lateral sepals ovate-oblong, slightly oblique, 8.1-10.0 +x +3.7-4.0 mm when flattened. +Petals +recurved with flat margins, broadly (ovate-)elliptic, often with a subbasal fold in either side, rounded to acute, 8.4-11.1 +x +5.4-5.7 mm, 1.4-1.5 times as wide as the sepals, entire, glabrous, 3- to 5-veined from the base. +Labellum +firmly attached, sessile, describing a right to obtuse angle to the column, flat, broadly cordate with entire margins, acute to short-acuminate, 6.8-8.0 +x +7.2-7.6 mm, without ornaments, glabrous and smooth, 5- to 7-veined from the base. +Column +suberect, straight, semiterete, 1.7-2.1 mm long, smooth, distally prolonged into a truncate to obscurely 3-lobed wing that distinctly exceeds the anther; stelidia appearing from the distal part of column proper, erect, falcately triangular-oblong, acute, subequal to the apical wing; anther circular to transversely elliptic in upper view, rounded in front, lobed at the back, with a small wart on top; pollinia 4, ellipsoid, devoid of caudicles; rostellum slightly protruding, flat, semicircular; fertile stigma part crescent-shaped, concave. +Ovary +(including pedicel) subterete, slightly longitudinally furrowed, twisted through 180°, distally incurved, 3.8-4.5 mm long, glabrous. +Fruit +not seen. + + + +Figure 3. + +Dendrochilum hampelii + +: +a +habit +b +floral bract +c +flower +d +flower (sepals and petals removed) +e +dorsal sepal +f +petal +g +lateral sepal +h +labellum +i +column, front view +j +anther +k +pollinia. Drawing by Esmee Winkel based on +Hort. bot. Leiden 20130654 +(L! [spirit no. WAG0116920]). + + + + +Figure 4. + +Dendrochilum hampelii + +: +A +portion of inflorescence of cultivated pinkish salmon-coloured form +B +habit. Photographs by Lubbert Westra of +Hort. bot. Leiden 20130654 +(L! [spirit no. WAG0116920]) +C +portion of inflorescence of pale yellow-coloured form of a plant growing in the wild in the Philippines in the Misamis Oriental province of the island of Mindanao. Photograph by James Cootes. + + + + +Additional material examined. + +PHILIPPINES +? Sine loco et anno, +sine coll./cult. Hort. bot. Leiden 20130654 +(L! [spirit no. WAG0116920]). + + + +Etymology. +The specific epiphet honours Georg Hampel, who was one of the first to provide us with study material of the newly described species. + + +Distribution and ecology. + +The species occurs in the wild in the Philippines in the northern provinces of Bukidnon and Misamis Oriental on the island of Mindanao (Fig. +4C +). It grows as an epiphyte at elevations approximately 1,200 m above sea level among mosses on the trunks and branches of trees. Fresh flowers of plants observed in the wild were pale yellow whereas fresh flowers of the cultivated plants studied were pinkish salmon-coloured. We do not consider this reason to describe them as a different variety or forma as color dimorphism is known to occur in other +Coelogyninae +as well ( +Gravendeel 2000 +). + + + +Reproductive biology. + +The live plant in Leiden flowered in mid-December. Attempts to pollinate flowers of + +Dendrochilum hampelii + +were made using pollinia from the same flower and pollinia from a different flower in the same inflorescence. None of these efforts led to fruit formation. This indicates that + +Dendrochilum hampelii + +is probably self-incompatible, as previously demonstrated for + +Dendrochilum longibracteatum + +Pfitzer ( +Pedersen 1995 +), although it should be noted that experimental pollination was severely challenged by the small size of the stigmatic cavity. + + + +Conservation status. + +Although the species occurs in cultivation we as yet know very little about the distribution and abundance of + +Dendrochilum hampelii + +in the wild. As such, we recommend the species to be considered for the Data Deficient category of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ( +IUCN 2012 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9A/3C/169A3C8EB305528BAB91C49F2E6EAA5C.xml b/data/16/9A/3C/169A3C8EB305528BAB91C49F2E6EAA5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18d794361ad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9A/3C/169A3C8EB305528BAB91C49F2E6EAA5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Documenting museum records of West African Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) in Benin and Senegal + + + +Author + +Hounkpati, Kwevitoukoui + + + +Author + +McHugh, Joseph V. + + + +Author + +Niang, Abdoul Aziz + + + +Author + +Goergen, Georg + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +8 + + +47340 +47340 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e47340 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e47340 +1314-2828-8-e47340 +239E5BBB61345409ADA8FDA43A52FDDF + + + + +Epilachna iocosa (Mader, 1941) + + + +Distribution +South Africa + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9A/93/169A93B8FFA5AC5EB7B2EA3EBEFA614E.xml b/data/16/9A/93/169A93B8FFA5AC5EB7B2EA3EBEFA614E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b60979256a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9A/93/169A93B8FFA5AC5EB7B2EA3EBEFA614E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,575 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Pinaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/pinaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Pinus mugo +Turra subsp. +mugo + + + + + + +Leg-Foehre + + + + + +Unterart ISFS: 305500 Checklist: 1034090 +Pinaceae +Pinus +Pinus mugo Turra +Pinus mugo Turra subsp. mugo + + + +Bestimmungsschluessel + + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: + +Meist niederliegend-aufsteigender, nicht +ueber +5 m +hoher, strauchartiger Baum + +. Zapfen +2-5 cm +lang, +/- symmetrisch. +Schuppenschilder ziemlich flach, nicht hakig +. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 6-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Kampfzone an der Waldgrenze / (montan-)subalpin / A, M am Alpenrand, J ( +noerdlich +bis SO) + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Mittel- und +suedeuropaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +2 + wx2-424.n.2n=24 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Nanophanerophyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
5.4 - Zwergstrauchheiden
+5.4.3 - Subalpine Kalkheide (Erikaheide) ( +Ericion +) +
+5.4.5 - Mesophile subalpine Zwergstrauchheide (Alpenrosenheide) ( +Rhododendro-Vaccinion +) +
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +frisch; Feuchtigkeit +maessig +wechselnd ( ++/- +1-2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl RxTemperaturzahl T +subalpin ( +Fichtenwaelder +ohne Buchen bis zur Obergrenze der Fichte) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Pinus mugo +Turra subsp. +mugo + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Leg-Foehre + +, +Latsche +Nom +francais +: + +Pin +couche + +Nome italiano: + +Pino + +mugo, +Parancio + + + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Pinus mugo Turra subsp. mugo + + +Checklist 2017 + +305500
= +Pinus mugo Turra s.str. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +94
= +Pinus mugo Turra s.str. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +93
= +Pinus mugo Turra subsp. mugo + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +93
= +Pinus mugo Turra s.str. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +305500
= +Pinus mugo Turra s.str. + + +Landolt 1977 + +98
= +Pinus mugo Turra s.str. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +305500
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Kommentare aus der +Checklist 2017 +Wegfall des Ausdrucks s.str.: Alle "im engeren Sinn" (sensu stricto, s.str.) gefassten Arten werden neu in Unterarten mit gleichlautendem Unterart-Epithet gefasst (autonyme Unterart). Checklist + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +potenziell +gefaehrdet +(Near Threatened) +D2
Mittelland (MP) +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+International (Berner Konvention) +Nein
+FR + +Vollstaendig +geschuetzt +(12.03.1973)
+ + + + + + + + + +
+Schweiz +--
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/16/169C16572F3552E7A728C1821A49A821.xml b/data/16/9C/16/169C16572F3552E7A728C1821A49A821.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68e939b7bff --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/16/169C16572F3552E7A728C1821A49A821.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +A key to the North American genera of Stipeae (Poaceae, Pooideae) with descriptions and taxonomic names for species of Eriocoma, Neotrinia, Oloptum, and five new genera: Barkworthia, x Eriosella, Pseudoeriocoma, Ptilagrostiella, and Thorneochloa + + + +Author + +Peterson, Paul M. +Department of Botany MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA +peterson@si.edu + + + +Author + +Romaschenko, Konstantin +Department of Botany MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA + + + +Author + +Soreng, Robert J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-4915 +Department of Botany MRC- 166, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA + + + +Author + +Reyna, Jesus Valdes +Departamento de Botanica, Universidad Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, C. P. 25315, Mexico + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2019 + +2019-07-16 + + +126 + + +89 +125 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.34096 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.126.34096 +1314-2003-126-89 +FFC2D06D486FF317CE32972BDE2BFF93 +3348547 + + + + +Eriocoma hymenoides (Roem. & Schult.) Rydb., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 39(3): 102. 1912. + + + + +Stipa hymenoides +Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 2: 339. 1817 [Basionym] ≡ +Stipa membranacea +Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. II: 728. 1814 nom. illeg., non +Stipa membranacea +L. ≡ +Oryzopsis membranacea +Vasey, U.S.D.A. Div. Bot. Bull. 12(2): 10, t. 10. 1891, nom. illeg. superfl. ≡ +Eriocoma membranacea +(Vasey) Beal, Grass. N. Amer. 2: 232. 1896, nom. illeg. superfl. ≡ +Oryzopsis hymenoides +(Roem. & Schult.) Ricker ex Piper, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 109. 1906 ≡ +Achnatherum hymenoides +(Roem. & Schult.) Barkworth, Phytologia 74(1): 7-8. 1993. Type: USA, on the banks of the Missouri River, +J. Bradbury no. 12 +(lectotype: K-000912825 [image!] +designated here +; isolectotype: PH-00008181 [image!]). Fig. +1G-L +. + + +Eriocoma hymenoides += +Eriocoma cuspidata +Nutt., Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 40. 1818 ≡ +Milium cuspidatum +(Nutt.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 1: 251. 1824 ≡ +Urachne lanata +Trin. & Rupr., Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3,1(2-3): 126. 1834, nom. Illeg. superfl. ≡ +Eriocoma membranacea +Steud., Nomencl. Bot. (ed 2) 1: 586. 1840, nom. inval., as syn. of +Urachne lanata +Trin. ≡ +Oryzopsis cuspidata +(Nutt.) Benth. ex Vasey, Grass. U.S. 23. 1883. Type: USA, Platte Plains, +T. Nuttall s.n. +(lectotype: BM-001042144 [image!]) +designated here +; isolectotype: LE-TRIN 1466.01 ex PH!). + + +Eriocoma hymenoides += +Fendleria rhynchelytroides +Steud., Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 420. 1854. Type: USA, New Mexico, near Santa Fe, 1847, +A. Fendler 979 +(lectotype: P-01941338 [image!] +designated here +; isolectotypes: GH-00023719 [image!], K-000912824 [image!], NY [image!], S14-1154 [image!], US-823154 [image!], W-0029207 [image!], W-0029208 [image!], W-18890236595 [image!]. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/3B/169C3B892CD634CEAE3A5EB9E0721137.xml b/data/16/9C/3B/169C3B892CD634CEAE3A5EB9E0721137.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3aa26a00184 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/3B/169C3B892CD634CEAE3A5EB9E0721137.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +A taxonomic revision of the Neoserica (sensu lato) calva group (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini) + + + +Author + +Liu, Wan-Gang + + + +Author + +Fabrizi, Silvia + + + +Author + +Bai, Ming + + + +Author + +Yang, Xing-Ke + + + +Author + +Ahrens, Dirk + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +448 + + +47 +81 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.448.8368 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.448.8368 +1313-2970-448-47 +D62011A5C11248E59847F9C85B23DC50 + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Coleoptera Scarabaeidae + + + + +Neoserica (s. l.) menghaiensis +sp. n. +Figs 2 +A-D +, 6 + + + + +Type +material examined. + +Holotype: ♂ [China] "Menghai, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 18.VII.1958, 1200-1600m, leg. Wang Shuyong" (IZAS). Paratype: 1 ♂ "Defu, Napo, Guangxi, 19.VI.2000, 1350m, leg. Li Wenzhu" (ZFMK). + + +Description. +Body length: 5.1 mm, length of elytra: 3.9 mm, width: 3.5 mm. Body oval, dark reddish brown, antennal club yellowish brown, dorsal surface dull and nearly glabrous, labroclypeus and anterior half of frons shiny. +Labroclypeus subtrapezoidal, distinctly wider than long, widest at base; lateral margins strongly convergent and convex anteriorly; anterior angles blunt; anterior margin distinctly sinuate medially; margins moderately reflexed; surface weakly elevated medially and shiny, finely and densely punctate, with a few single setae. Frontoclypeal suture indistinctly incised, weakly elevated and moderately angled medially. Smooth area anterior to eye approximately twice as wide as long. Ocular canthus short and narrow, finely and sparsely punctate, with a single terminal seta. Frons on posterior half dull, finely and densely punctate, anterior midline narrowly impunctate and not elevated; with a few erect setae beside eyes and dense fine setae on posterior half. Eyes large, ratio diameter/interocular width: 0.72. Antenna with ten antennomeres, club with four antennomeres and straight, 1.2 times as long as remaining antennomeres combined. Mentum elevated and slightly flattened anteriorly. Labrum transverse, short, not produced medially, with weak median sinuation. +Pronotum moderately transverse, almost twice as wide as long, widest at base; lateral margins weakly evenly convex and weakly convergent, more strongly convergent in anterior third; anterior angles distinctly produced and sharp; posterior angles strongly rounded; anterior margin with a fine and complete marginal line, weakly convexly produced medially; surface densely and finely punctate, with minute setae in punctures; lateral and anterior border sparsely setose; hypomeron distinctly carinate basally. Scutellum long, with fine, dense punctures, at base punctures less dense, glabrous. + +Elytra short-oval, widest in posterior third; striae weakly impressed, finely and moderately densely punctate; even intervals flat, with evenly and moderately dense punctures; odd intervals convex, with sparse, fine punctures concentrated along striae, impunctate medially, with minute setae in punctures. Epipleural edge fine, ending at moderately curved external apical angle of elytra; epipleura densely setose; apical border with a fine rim of microtrichomes (visible at 100 +x +magnification). + +Ventral surface dull, finely and densely punctate. Metasternum except long seta on disc nearly glabrous, sparsely covered with minute setae in punctures. Metacoxa glabrous, with a few single setae laterally. Abdominal sternites finely and densely punctuate, glabrous except minute setae in punctures, with a transverse row of coarse punctures each bearing a robust long seta. Mesosternum between mesocoxae as wide as mesofemur. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.39. Pygidium weakly convex and dull, coarsely and densely punctate, with narrow smooth midline, with a few long setae at apex, otherwise glabrous. +Legs moderately slender. Femora with two longitudinal rows of setae, finely and sparsely punctate. Metafemur moderately shiny and sparsely finely punctate; anterior margin acute, behind anterior margin without serrated line; posterior margin entirely serrated ventrally and moderately widened at apex; posterior margin finely serrated dorsally, glabrous. Metatibia slender and moderately long, widest at apex, ratio of width/length: 1/3.2; dorsal margin indistinctly carinate, with two groups of spines; basal group at middle, apical group at three quarters of metatibial length; in basal half with a few short robust setae in single robust punctures with serrated margin; external face longitudinally convex, finely and sparsely punctate; ventral margin finely serrated, with three robust setae, with the apical one being more distant; medial face impunctate, glabrous, apex shallowly sinuate interiorly near tarsal articulation. Tarsomeres ventrally with sparse, short setae, not carinate laterally, with fine sparse punctures dorsally; metatarsomeres with a strongly serrated ventral ridge; metatarsomere I as long as following two tarsomeres combined and half of its length longer than dorsal tibial spur. Protibia short, bidentate, not widened laterally before basal tooth; anterior claws symmetrical, basal tooth of inner claw sharply truncate at apex. + +Aedeagus. Fig. 2 +A-C +. + + + +Figure 2. +A-D +Neoserica menghaiensis +sp. n. (holotype) +E-H +Neoserica liangi +sp. n. (holotype) +I-L +Neoserica calvoides +sp. n. (holotype). A, E, I aedeagus, left side lateral view C, G, K aedeagus, right side lateral view B, F, J parameres, dorsal view D, H, L habitus. Scale: 0.5 mm. Habitus not to scale. + + +Female unknown. + + +Diagnosis. + +Neoserica menghaiensis +sp. n. differs form +Neoserica calva +by the more wider body shape, shorter and straight antennal club, smaller eyes, less sharply carinate dorsal margin of metatibia, and the shape of the parameres: the left paramere is much more widened at base than in that +Neoserica calva +, the right paramere is almost straight. + + + +Etymology. +The new species is named after its type locality, Menghai. + + +Variation. +Body length of the paratypes: 5.1-5.7 mm, length of elytra: 3.9-4.3 mm. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/45/169C4553D4E22361E6436BD00EB4D41B.xml b/data/16/9C/45/169C4553D4E22361E6436BD00EB4D41B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e421b9af9c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/45/169C4553D4E22361E6436BD00EB4D41B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,338 @@ + + + +Sphodromantisviridis (Forskal, 1775): New for Portugal and new records of the rare and small mantids Apteromantisaptera (Fuente, 1894) and Perlamantisallibertii Guerin-Meneville, 1843 in the country (Mantodea: Mantidae and Amorphoscelidae) + + + +Author + +Marabuto, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Rodrigues, Ivo + + + +Author + +Henriques, Sergio S + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1037 +1037 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1037 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1037 +1314-2828-2-1037 + + + + + +Perlamantis allibertii +Guerin-Meneville +, 1843 + + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: Seabra (1937, 1939); Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Alto Alentejo; county: +Evora +; locality: +UTM: 29SNC96 +; verbatimLocality: Herdade da Mitra, +Evora +; Event: eventDate: +08-1938 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: occurrenceDetails: Grosso-Silva & Soares-Vieira (2004); individualCount: +1 +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Beira Alta; county: Guarda; locality: +UTM: 29TPF72 +; verbatimLocality: Castelo Rodrigo; Event: eventDate: +20-08-1997 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Sergio +Henriques + +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: +Tras-os-Montes +; county: +Braganca +; municipality: Miranda do Douro; locality: +UTM: 29TQF28 +; verbatimLocality: Vila +Cha +de Braciosa; locationRemarks: Natura 2000: PTZPE0038 / PTCON0022; verbatimLatitude: 41° +25.20N +; verbatimLongitude: 6° +20.22W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +ad hoc observation +; eventDate: +12-09-2006 +; eventRemarks: under stone + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Valter Jacinto +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Algarve; county: Faro; municipality: Castro Marim; locality: +UTM: 29SPB22 +; verbatimLocality: Corte do Gago; verbatimLatitude: 37° +17.39N +; verbatimLongitude: 7° +32.76W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +porch light +; eventDate: +26-06-2009 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Jorge Almeida, Pedro Pires, Paulo Rodrigues +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Beira Baixa; county: Castelo Branco; municipality: Almaceda; locality: +UTM: 29TPE12 +; verbatimLocality: Almaceda; verbatimLatitude: 40° +00.65N +; verbatimLongitude: 7° +39.65W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +light trap +; eventDate: +21-08-2010 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Valter Jacinto +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Algarve; county: Faro; municipality: Castro Marim; locality: +UTM: 29SPB22 +; verbatimLocality: Corte do Gago; verbatimLatitude: 37° +17.39N +; verbatimLongitude: 7° +32.76W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +porch light +; eventDate: +4-09-2010 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Eduardo Marabuto, Fernando +Romao + +; individualCount: +5 +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Beira Alta; county: Guarda; municipality: Figueira Castelo Rodrigo; locality: +UTM: 29TPF63 +; verbatimLocality: Faia Brava; locationRemarks: Natura 2000: PTZPE0039; verbatimLatitude: 40° +57.17N +; verbatimLongitude: 7° +04.15W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +light trap +; eventDate: +11-09-2010 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Eduardo Marabuto, Samuel Infante +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Beira Baixa; county: Castelo Branco; municipality: Monforte da Beira; locality: +UTM: 29SPD49 +; verbatimLocality: Monte Barata; locationRemarks: Natura 2000: PTZPE0042; verbatimLatitude: 39° +42.08N +; verbatimLongitude: 7° +18.90W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +light trap +; eventDate: +13-09-2010 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Eduardo Marabuto, +Nelson +Fonseca + +; individualCount: +3 +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Algarve; county: Faro; municipality: Silves; locality: +UTM: 29SNB61 +; verbatimLocality: Algoz; verbatimLatitude: 37° +09.66N +; verbatimLongitude: 8° +18.45W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +light trap +; eventDate: +6-08-2012 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Eduardo Marabuto, +Nelson +Fonseca + +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Algarve; county: Faro; municipality: +Loule +; locality: +UTM: 29SNB81 +; verbatimLocality: Fonte de +Benemola +; locationRemarks: Natura 2000: PTCON0049; verbatimLatitude: 37° +12.58N +; verbatimLongitude: 8° +00.60W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +light trap +; eventDate: +7-08-2012 + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Valter Jacinto +; Location: country: +Portugal +; stateProvince: Algarve; county: Faro; municipality: Castro Marim; locality: +UTM: 29SPB22 +; verbatimLocality: Corte do Gago; verbatimLatitude: 37° +17.39N +; verbatimLongitude: 7° +32.76W +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees decimal minutes; Event: samplingProtocol: +porch light +; eventDate: +6-10-2012 + + + + +Ecological interactions + +Conservation status + +Even though this species has a wide distribution, its elusive nocturnal habits (e.g. + +Bolivar +1914 + +) reduce its chances to be seen. Therefore, its poorly known biology coupled with habitat loss resulting from conversion to intensive agriculture of scrubland and Mediterranean forest types has led +Battiston et al. (2010) +to attribute a "Potential risk" status to this species. + + + + +Distribution + +This sole representative of the family +Amorphoscelidae +in Europe, this is an Atlanto-Mediterranean species generally distributed through the Iberian Peninsula, southern France and North Africa from Morocco to Tunisia ( +Battiston et al. 2010 +). In Spain, records are scattered although widespread ( +Correas 2009 +) and information on its biological requirements is scarce. Until now, solely known in Portugal from specimens collected in the thirties ( +Seabra 1937 +) and more recently, in 1997 ( +Grosso-Silva and Soares-Vieira 2004 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/D6/169CD6B0B875FA369020563989FD405A.xml b/data/16/9C/D6/169CD6B0B875FA369020563989FD405A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..78556a9c07e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/D6/169CD6B0B875FA369020563989FD405A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Bathyplectes infernalis (Gravenhorst, 1820) + + + + +Ichneumon infernalis +Gravenhorst, 1820 + + +infernalis +(Gravenhorst, 1829, +Mesoleptus +) preocc. + + +tristis +(Gravenhorst, 1829, +Campoplex +) + + +trochantellus +(Thomson, 1887, +Canidia +) + + + +Distribution +England, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/DB/169CDB05EB70E92B315CE307C2119444.xml b/data/16/9C/DB/169CDB05EB70E92B315CE307C2119444.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aaec425c3ca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/DB/169CDB05EB70E92B315CE307C2119444.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +806 +877 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Scandix australis +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 257. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in G. Narbonensi, Italia, Creta." RCN: 2059. + + + + +Lectotype +(Reduron & Jarvis in Jarvis & al. in +Taxon +55: 214. 2006): Herb. Burser VII(2): 49 ( +UPS +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Scandix australis + +L. + +( +Apiaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/DB/169CDB6C80B5E83C8EB25FEFF265A353.xml b/data/16/9C/DB/169CDB6C80B5E83C8EB25FEFF265A353.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c10cee57b0d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/DB/169CDB6C80B5E83C8EB25FEFF265A353.xml @@ -0,0 +1,833 @@ + + + +Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve + + + +Author + +Telfer, Angela C +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +atelfer@uoguelph.ca + + + +Author + +Young, Monica R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Quinn, Jenna +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobel, Crystal N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sones, Jayme E +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Derbyshire, Rachael +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose +CNC, Ottawa, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 + + + +Author + +Rougerie, Rodolphe +Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Thevanayagam, Abinah +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Boskovic, Adrian +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Borisenko, Alex V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-3057 + + + +Author + +Cadel, Alex +University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pages, Anais +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Castillo, Anibal H +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0528 + + + +Author + +Nicolai, Annegret +EcoBio, Universite of Rennes, Rennes, France + + + +Author + +Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Bukowski, Belen +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Wilson, Bill +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Trojahn, Brock +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Lacroix, Carole Ann +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Brimblecombe, Chris +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hay, Christoper +University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Ho, Christmas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Steinke, Claudia +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Warne, Connor P +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Garrido Cortes, Cristina +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Engelking, Daniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Wright, Danielle +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lijtmaer, Dario A +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Gascoigne, David +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Hernandez Martich, David +Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo DR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic + + + +Author + +Morningstar, Derek +Myotistar, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Neumann, Dirk +SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Steinke, Dirk +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Dobias, Dylan +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sears, Elizabeth +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Richard, Ellen +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Damstra, Emily +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Zakharov, Evgeny V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Laberge, Frederic +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Collins, Gemma E +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin A +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Grainge, Gerrie +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Ansell, Graham +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Meredith, Greg +Grand River Conservation Authority, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hogg, Ian +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +McKeown, Jaclyn +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Topan, Janet +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Bracey, Jason +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Guenther, Jerry +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Sills-Gilligan, Jesse +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Addesi, Joseph +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Persi, Joshua +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Layton, Kara K S +The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia + + + +Author + +D'Souza, Kareina +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dorji, Kencho +National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan + + + +Author + +Grundy, Kevin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nghidinwa, Kirsti +Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia + + + +Author + +Ronnenberg, Kylee +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lee, Kyung Min +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Xie, Linxi +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Lu, Liuqiong +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Penev, Lyubomir +Pensoft, Sofia, Bulgaria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-5033 + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Mailyn +Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia + + + +Author + +Rosati, Margaret E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kekkonen, Mari +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Kuzmina, Maria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Iskandar, Marianne +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Mutanen, Marko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pentinsaari, Mikko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Bauman, Miriam +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nikolova, Nadya +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ivanova, Natalia V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Jones, Nathaniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Weerasuriya, Nimalka +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Monkhouse, Norman +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lavinia, Pablo D +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Jannetta, Paul +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hanisch, Priscila E +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +McMullin, R. Troy +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ojeda Flores, Rafael +Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Mouttet, Raphaelle +ANSES, Laboratoire de la Sante des Vegetaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France + + + +Author + +Vender, Reid +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Labbee, Renee N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Forsyth, Robert +New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0158 + + + +Author + +Lauder, Rob +London Homeopathy, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Dickson, Ross +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Kroft, Ruth +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Miller, Scott E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +MacDonald, Shannon +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Panthi, Sishir +Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal + + + +Author + +Pedersen, Stephanie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobek-Swant, Stephanie +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Naik, Suresh +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lipinskaya, Tatsiana +Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus + + + +Author + +Eagalle, Thanushi +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Decaens, Thibaud +Universite de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Kosuth, Thibault +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Braukmann, Thomas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Woodcock, Tom +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Roslin, Tomas +University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland + + + +Author + +Zammit, Tony +Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Campbell, Victoria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dinca, Vlad +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Peneva, Vlada +Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +deWaard, Jeremy R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +dewaardj@uoguelph.ca + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6313 +6313 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 +1314-2828-3-e6313 +FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1 +574474 + + + + +Bombylius major Linnaeus, 1758 + + + +Notes +BOLD:ABV0388 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/F2/169CF254591BB3E2DFBDC2D63B0B6996.xml b/data/16/9C/F2/169CF254591BB3E2DFBDC2D63B0B6996.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..644e7078854 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/F2/169CF254591BB3E2DFBDC2D63B0B6996.xml @@ -0,0 +1,2045 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Rhinolophidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +350 +365 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Rhinolophus +Lacépède 1799 + + + + + + + +Rhinolophus +Lacépède 1799 + +, +Tabl. Div. Subd. Orders Genres Mammiferes: 15 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Vespertilio ferrum-equinum +Schreber 1774 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Aquias +Gray 1847 + +; + +Coelophyllus +Peters 1867 + +; + +Euryalus +Matschie 1901 + +; + +Phyllorhina +Leach 1816 + +; + +Rhinocrepis +Gervais 1836 + +; + +Rhinomegalophus +Bourret 1951 + +; + +Rhinophyllotis +Troughton 1941 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +77 species with 151 subspecies: + + +Species + +Rhinolophus acuminatus +Peters 1871 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus acuminatus +subsp. +acuminatus +Peters 1871 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus acuminatus +subsp. +audax +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus acuminatus +subsp. +calypso +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus acuminatus +subsp. +circe +K. Andersen 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus acuminatus +subsp. +sumatranus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus adami +Aellen and Brosset 1968 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus affinis +Horsfield 1823 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +affinis +Horsfield 1823 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +andamanensis +Dobson 1872 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +hainanus +Allen 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +himalayanus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +macrurus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +nesites +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +princes +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +superans +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus affinis +subsp. +tener +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus alcyone +Temminck 1853 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +Peters 1871 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +arcuatus +Peters 1871 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +angustifolius +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +beccarii +K. +Andersen 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +exiguus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +mcintyrei +Hill and Schlitter 1982 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +proconsulis +Hill 1959 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus arcuatus +subsp. +toxopeusi +Hinton 1925 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus beddomei +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus beddomei +subsp. +beddomei +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus beddomei +subsp. +sobrinus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus blasii +Peters 1866 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus blasii +subsp. +blasii +Peters 1866 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus blasii +subsp. +andreinii +Senna 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus blasii +subsp. +empusa +K. Andersen 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus blasii +subsp. +meyeroehmi +Felten 1977 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus bocharicus +Kastchenko and Akimov 1917 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus borneensis +Peters 1861 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus borneensis +subsp. +borneensis +Peters 1861 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus borneensis +subsp. +chaseni +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus borneensis +subsp. +importunus +Chasen 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus borneensis +subsp. +spadix +Miller 1901 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus canuti +Thomas and Wroughton 1909 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus canuti +subsp. +canuti +Thomas and Wroughton 1909 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus canuti +subsp. +timoriensis +Goodwin 1979 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus capensis +Lichtenstein 1823 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus celebensis +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus celebensis +subsp. +celebensis +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus celebensis +subsp. +javanicus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus clivosus +Cretzschmar 1828 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +clivosus +Cretzschmar 1828 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +acrotis +Heuglin 1861 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +augur +K. Andersen 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +brachygnathus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +keniensis +Hollister 1916 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +schwarzi +Heim de Balsac 1934 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus clivosus +subsp. +zuluensis +K. Andersen 1904 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus coelophyllus +Peters 1866 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus cognatus +K. Andersen 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cognatus +subsp. +cognatus +K. Andersen 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cognatus +subsp. +famulus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus convexus +Csorba 1997 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus cornutus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cornutus +subsp. +cornutus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cornutus +subsp. +miyakonis +Kuroda 1924 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cornutus +subsp. +orii +Kuroda 1924 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cornutus +subsp. +perditus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus cornutus +subsp. +pumilus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus creaghi +Thomas 1896 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus creaghi +subsp. +creaghi +Thomas 1896 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus creaghi +subsp. +pilosus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus darlingi +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus darlingi +subsp. +darlingi +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus darlingi +subsp. +damarensis +Roberts 1946 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus deckenii +Peters 1867 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus denti +Thomas 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus denti +subsp. +denti +Thomas 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus denti +subsp. +knorri +Eisentraut 1960 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus eloquens +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus eloquens +subsp. +eloquens +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus eloquens +subsp. +perauritus +De Beaux 1922 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus euryale +Blasius 1853 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryale +subsp. +euryale +Blasius 1853 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryale +subsp. +judaicus +K. Andersen and Matschie 1904 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus euryotis +Temminck 1835 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryotis +subsp. +euryotis +Temminck 1835 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryotis +subsp. +aruensis +K. +Andersen 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryotis +subsp. +burius +Hinton 1925 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryotis +subsp. +praestens +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryotis +subsp. +tatar +Bergmans and Rozendaal 1982 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus euryotis +subsp. +timidus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +(Schreber 1774) + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +ferrumequinum +Schreber 1774 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +creticum +Iliopoulou-Georgudaki and Ondrias 1985 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +irani +Cheesman 1921 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +korai +Kuroda 1938 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +nippon +Temminck 1835 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +proximus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus ferrumequinum +subsp. +tragatus +Hodgson 1835 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus formosae +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +Rüppell 1842 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +subsp. +fumigatus +Rüppell 1842 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +subsp. +abae +J. A. Allen 1917 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +subsp. +aethiops +Peters 1869 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +subsp. +diversus +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +subsp. +exsul +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus fumigatus +subsp. +foxi +Thomas 1913 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus guineensis +Eisentraut 1960 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus hildebrandtii +Peters 1878 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus hilli +Aellen 1973 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus hillorum +Koopman 1989 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +Bechstein 1800 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +subsp. +hipposideros +Bechstein 1800 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +subsp. +escalerae +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +subsp. +majori +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +subsp. +midas +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +subsp. +minimus +Heuglin 1861 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus hipposideros +subsp. +minutus +Montagu 1808 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus imaizumii +Hill and Yoshiyuki 1980 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus inops +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus keyensis +Peters 1871 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus keyensis +subsp. +keyensis +Peters 1871 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus keyensis +subsp. +amiri +Kitchener 1995 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus keyensis +subsp. +parvus +Goodwin 1979 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus keyensis +subsp. +simplex +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus landeri +Martin 1837 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus landeri +subsp. +landeri +Martin 1837 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus landeri +subsp. +angolensis +Seabra 1898 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus landeri +subsp. +lobatus +Peters 1852 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus lepidus +Blyth 1844 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus lepidus +subsp. +lepidus +Blyth 1844 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus lepidus +subsp. +cuneatus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus lepidus +subsp. +feae +K. +Andersen 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus lepidus +subsp. +monticola +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus lepidus +subsp. +refulgens +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus luctus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus luctus +subsp. +luctus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus luctus +subsp. +foetidus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus luctus +subsp. +lanosus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus luctus +subsp. +morio +Gray 1842 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus luctus +subsp. +perniger +Hodgson 1843 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus luctus +subsp. +spurcus +Allen 1928 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus maclaudi +Pousargues 1897 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus macrotis +Blyth 1844 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus macrotis +subsp. +macrotis +Blyth 1844 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus macrotis +subsp. +caldwelli +Allen 1923 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus macrotis +subsp. +dohrni +K. +Andersen 1907 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus macrotis +subsp. +episcopus +Allen 1923 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus macrotis +subsp. +hirsutus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus macrotis +subsp. +topali +Csorba and Bates 1995 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus madurensis +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus maendeleo +Kock, Csorba, and Howell 2000 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus malayanus +Bonhote 1903 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus marshalli +Thonglongya 1973 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +Gray 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +subsp. +megaphyllus +Gray 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +subsp. +fallax +K. Andersen 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +subsp. +ignifer +Allen 1933 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +subsp. +monachus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +subsp. +vandeuseni +Koopman 1982 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus mehelyi +Matschie 1901 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus mehelyi +subsp. +mehelyi +Matschie 1901 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus mehelyi +subsp. +tuneti +Deleuil and Labbe 1955 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus mitratus +Blyth 1844 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus monoceros +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus montanus +Goodwin 1979 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus nereis +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus osgoodi +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus paradoxolophus +Bourret 1951 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus pearsonii +Horsfield 1851 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pearsonii +subsp. +pearsonii +Horsfield 1851 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pearsonii +subsp. +chinensis +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +Waterhouse 1843 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +subsp. +philippinensis +Waterhouse 1843 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +subsp. +achilles +Thomas 1900 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +subsp. +alleni +Lawrence 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +subsp. +maros +Tate and Archbold 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +subsp. +robertsi +Tate 1952 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus philippinensis +subsp. +sanborni +Chasen 1940 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus pusillus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +pusillus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +blythi +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +calidus +G. M. Allen 1923 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +gracilis +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +lakkhanae +Yoshiyuki 1990 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +minutillus +Miller 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +pagi +Tate and Archbold 1939 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +parcus +Allen 1928 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus pusillus +subsp. +szechwanus +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus rex +G. M. Allen 1923 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus robinsoni +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus robinsoni +subsp. +robinsoni +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus robinsoni +subsp. +klossi +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus robinsoni +subsp. +thaianus +Hill 1992 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus rouxii +Temminck 1835 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus rouxii +subsp. +rouxii +Temminck 1835 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus rouxii +subsp. +rubidus +Kelaart 1850 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus rufus +Eydoux and Gervais 1836 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus ruwenzorii +J. Eric Hill 1942 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus sakejiensis +Cotterill 2002 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus sedulus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus shameli +Tate 1943 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus shortridgei +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus siamensis +Gyldenstolpe 1917 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus silvestris +Aellen 1959 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus simulator +K. Andersen 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus simulator +subsp. +simulator +K. Andersen 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus simulator +subsp. +alticolus +Sanborn 1936 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus sinicus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus sinicus +subsp. +sinicus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus sinicus +subsp. +septentrionalis +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus stheno +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus stheno +subsp. +stheno +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus stheno +subsp. +microglobosus +Csorba and Jenkins 1998 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus subbadius +Blyth 1844 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus subrufus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus subrufus +subsp. +subrufus +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus subrufus +subsp. +bunkeri +Taylor 1934 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus swinnyi +Gough 1908 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus thomasi +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus thomasi +subsp. +thomasi +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus thomasi +subsp. +latifolius +Sanborn 1939 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus trifoliatus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus trifoliatus +subsp. +trifoliatus +Temminck 1834 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus trifoliatus +subsp. +edax +K. Andersen 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus trifoliatus +subsp. +niasensis +K. Andersen 1906 + + + +Subspecies + +Rhinolophus trifoliatus +subsp. +solitarius +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus virgo +K. Andersen 1905 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus yunanensis +Dobson 1872 + + + +Species + +Rhinolophus ziama +Fahr, Vierhaus, Hutterer, and Kock 2002 + + + + + +Discussion: +For a comprehensive review of the genus (including detailed accounts for each species) see +Csorba et al. (2003) +. Includes + +Rhinomegalophus + +; see Thonglongyai (1973). For partial phylogenies see + +Qumsiyeh et al. (1988 +b +) + +, +Bogdanowicz and Owen (1992) +, and +Maree and Grant (1997) +; also see Guillén-Servent (2001). Species groups follow +Csorba et al. (2003) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9C/FB/169CFBB0148DBC737C082D2C700E13B3.xml b/data/16/9C/FB/169CFBB0148DBC737C082D2C700E13B3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cf154ca55d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9C/FB/169CFBB0148DBC737C082D2C700E13B3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828--1168 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 + + + + +Empria pallimacula (Serville, 1823) + + + + +Dolerus pallimacula +Serville, 1823 + + +Empria baltica +Conde, 1937 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9D/31/169D317A818A22E1DA48AFFEBC82D5CC.xml b/data/16/9D/31/169D317A818A22E1DA48AFFEBC82D5CC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..163d5d34934 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9D/31/169D317A818A22E1DA48AFFEBC82D5CC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gkelis, Spyros + + + +Author + +Ourailidis, Iordanis + + + +Author + +Panou, Manthos + + + +Author + +Pappas, Nikos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10084 +10084 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 +1314-2828--10084 + + + + +Schizothrix tenuis Woronichin, 1923 + + + + +Schizothrix tenuis + + + +Notes + +Anagnostidis 1968 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9D/5E/169D5E301B4E5723A2F739601DF4B5FF.xml b/data/16/9D/5E/169D5E301B4E5723A2F739601DF4B5FF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f06f3b8f511 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9D/5E/169D5E301B4E5723A2F739601DF4B5FF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,213 @@ + + + +On eleven species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae) + + + +Author + +Wang, Cheng +Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416 +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China +lisq@ioz.ac.cn + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-08-08 + + +1116 + + +85 +119 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.82858 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1116.82858 +1313-2970-1116-85 +28FBF60795F24E60AE387439D84DE527 +A6538A8A74C35AD0AA817B1EBFDE153F + + + + +Indomarengo yui Wang & Li, 2020 + + + + +Fig. 11 + + + + +Indomarengo yui +Wang & Li, 2020b: 51, figs 5A-D, 6A-E (male holotype, examined). + + + +Material examined. + + +1♂ +1♀ +(IZCAS-Ar42936-42937), +China +: +Yunnan +: +Xishuangbanna +, +Mengla County +, +Huigang Village +, +Xilu +habitat restoration area, seasonal rainforest ( +21°37.05'N +, +101°35.27'E +, + + +760 ++/- +25 m + + +alt.), +12.xii.2012 +, +Q. Zhao +and +Z. Chen +leg. + +; + +1♀ +(IZCAS-Ar42938), +Menglun Nature Reserve +, secondary tropical forest, around garbage dump ( +21°54.17'N +, +101°16.87'E +, ca + +610 m + +alt.), +31.xii.2018 + +, Z. Bai et al. leg. + + + +Diagnosis. + +The male was thoroughly diagnosed by +Wang and Li (2020b) +. The female resembles that of + +I. thomsoni + +(Wanless, 1978) from Borneo in having a similar epigyne, but it can be easily distinguished by the paired atria and L-shaped spermathecae (Fig. +11A-C +), whereas there is a single atrium and irregular spermathecae in + +I. thomsoni + +( +Wanless 1978b +: fig. 8B, D, E). The species also resembles + +Philates chelifer + +from Indonesia, but it can be easily distinguished by having the abdomen with pair of round patches and a transverse band anteriorly (Fig. +11E +), which are absent in + +P. chelifer + +, and by the L-shaped spermathecae (Fig. +11C +), which are almost U-shaped in + +P. chelifer + +( +Benjamin 2004 +: fig. 26C). + + + +Figure 11. + +Indomarengo yui + +A, B +epigyne, ventral +C +vulva, dorsal +D +male habitus, dorsal +E +female habitus, dorsal +F +ditto, lateral +G +ditto, ventral. Scale bars: 0.1 ( +A-C +); 0.5 ( +D-G +). + + + + +Description. + +Male +(Fig. +11D +). See +Wang and Li (2020b) +. + + +Female +(Fig. +11A-C, E-G +). Total length 3.20. Carapace 1.20 long, 0.79 wide. Abdomen 1.73 long, 0.76 wide. Clypeus almost invisible. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.28, ALE 0.12, PLE 0.11, AERW 0.73, PERW 0.78, EFL 0.51. Legs: I 2.48 (0.68, 1.05, 0.55, 0.20), II 1.57 (0.48, 0.58, 0.33, 0.18), III 1.51 (0.48, 0.50, 0.35, 0.18), IV 2.07 (0.64, 0.80, 0.45, 0.18). Carapace flat, red-brown to dark, covered with thin setae, bearing four clusters of white scales. Chelicerae, endites, labium, sternum, and legs similar to that of male. Abdomen elongated, dorsum brown to dark brown, with subtrapezoid sclerite, pair of round pale patches near anterior margin, followed by transverse pale band bearing pair of white patches at lateral margins; venter pale. + + +Epigyne (Fig. +11A-C +): longer than wide, with arched atrial ridge anteriorly; atria paired, oval, nearly touching; copulatory openings located at base of atria; copulatory ducts posterolaterally extending before returning to the middle part, then continuing, coiled into two semicircles, connecting to the lateral sides of spermathecae; spermathecae prominent, almost L-shaped, with small, hemispheric processes at anterior margins; fertilization ducts originating from anterior portions of longitudinal extensions of spermathecae. + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the type locality in Yunnan, China. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9D/AD/169DAD888CD25659A86DD3908F61ACF8.xml b/data/16/9D/AD/169DAD888CD25659A86DD3908F61ACF8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..47c223b6d95 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9D/AD/169DAD888CD25659A86DD3908F61ACF8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Documenting Mantodea species in South African museum collections and an updated species list + + + +Author + +Greyvenstein, Bianca +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-7113 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa +biagrey90@gmail.com + + + +Author + +van den Berg, Johnnie +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + + + +Author + +du Plessis, Hannalene +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-1468 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-12 + + +11 + + +102637 +102637 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 +1314-2828-11-e102637 +3B9B180709505F42978AE78376216E5C + + + + +Namamantis nigropunctata Kaltenbach, 1996 + + + +Native status + +Suspected to be endemic to southern Africa ( +Kaltenbach 1996 +) + + + +Notes + +ID: Lit ( +Kaltenbach 1996 +, +Ehrmann 2002 +) & (PC_CS) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9D/AE/169DAE7DFE6238A8BA694E84511220EF.xml b/data/16/9D/AE/169DAE7DFE6238A8BA694E84511220EF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e8ef54af48 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9D/AE/169DAE7DFE6238A8BA694E84511220EF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Ranunculaceae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292251 + +book +292251 +10.5281/zenodo.292251 +3-7643-0527-4 + + + +<subSubSection id="5A9219A76FC08A9614F3A30BB0C4CFB3" pageId="null" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="44DB64FB7CF2627BFF00BA8DDF16C749" pageId="null" pageNumber="74"> +<taxonomicName id="D4ABACBAAF6EBCE7C5016E902911D88C" authority="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="null" pageNumber="74" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpestris"> +<pageBreakToken id="4C3771F1716EC821972258BE35C2C31A" pageId="null" pageNumber="74" start="start">Ranunculus</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="9EEC9FA97C6E780EAAFA9B963EED8E3B" originalValue="alpéstris" pageId="null" pageNumber="74">alpestris</normalizedToken> +<authorityName id="525982B5097E4A61693EE5C681653E1E" pageId="null" pageNumber="74">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="5D607E586E631473DCE23A7569AC85A6" pageId="null" pageNumber="74" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="71EA47AC28D77C8A2893C4A717CD3F77" pageId="null" pageNumber="74"> +<normalizedToken id="B87D0BE2865A845FD672F9E096714172" originalValue="Alpen-Hahnenfuß" pageId="null" pageNumber="74">Alpen-Hahnenfuss</normalizedToken> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Ausdauernd; +bis 15 cm hoch; ganze Pflanze kahl. +Rhizom kurz. +Grundstaendige +Blaetter +im +Umriss +rundlich bis +nierenfoermig +, bis auf +3/4 +oder bis fast zum Grunde 3-5teilig; Abschnitte verschieden tief +gezaehnt +; + +Zaehne +stumpf. Stengel meist +Ibluetig +. + +Stengelblaetter +einfach oder 3teilig, oft zu 2 beisammen; Abschnitte schmal lanzettlich. +Blueten +weiss +, im Durchmesser 2-2,5 cm. +Kronblaetter +ausgerandet. +Fruechtchen +klein, etwa 2 mm lang und 1,5 mm breit, unberandet, kahl, mit langem Schnabel. + +Bluetenboden +kahl. + +- +Bluete +: +Frueher +Sommer. + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n += +16: +Material aus botanischen +Gaerten +(Langlet 1927, +Boecher +1938a), aus +Oesterreich +(Mattick in Tischler 1950), aus der Tatra in Polen (Skalinska et al. 1950), aus der Schweiz (Larsen 1954a). + + +Standort. +Subalpin und alpin, selten montan. Kalkhaltige, lange vom Schnee bedeckte, feuchte +Rohboeden +. +Schneetaelchen +, offener Rasen, +Felsbaender +, seltener +Geroellhalden +. +Arabidetum coeruleae +Br.-Bl. 1918, +Salicetum retuso-reticulatae +Br.-Bl. 1926. + + + +Verbreitung. Mittel- und +suedeuropaeische +Gebirgspflanze: + +Kantabrisches Gebirge, +Pyrenaeen +, Apennin, Jura, Alpen, Karpaten. Verbreitungskarte von Meusel (1965). - Im Gebiet: Nordalpen, +haeufig +; Zentral- und +Suedalpen +, nicht +haeufig +; Jura (von SW bis zur Balmfluh im Kt. Solothurn), selten. + + + +Bemerkungen. +R. alpestris + +ist nahe verwandt mit Arten aus dem +Suedtirol +( + +R. bilobus +Bertol. + +), aus den Ostalpen ( + +R. Traunfellneri +Hoppe + +, + +R. crenatus +Waldst. + +) und aus den Abruzzen ( + +R. magellensis +Ten. + +). + +R. alpestris + +ist sehr polymorph; eine Unterteilung der Art in systematisch +selbstaendige +Einheiten ist kaum +moeglich +. + +R. Traunfellneri + +ist eine ostalpine Sippe und kommt in der Schweiz nicht vor (Kunz 1938). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9D/D3/169DD3A3751237B9E6641729F612B2C3.xml b/data/16/9D/D3/169DD3A3751237B9E6641729F612B2C3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7f9bb0de4d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9D/D3/169DD3A3751237B9E6641729F612B2C3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Australian Formicidae. + + + +Author + +Clark, J. + +text + + +Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia + + +1926 + +12 + + +43 +52 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/6097/6097.pdf + +journal article +6097 + + + + +Acanthoponera occidentalis +n. ßp. (Pl. VI. 3). + + + +Worker: Length,3.5-4mm. +Head, thorax and node castaneous, abdomen with a yellow tinge; mandibles, antennae and legs testaceous. Hairs yellow, long, slender and erect, abundant on the apical segments of the gaster, longer and more bristle-like on the elypeus. Pubescence yellow, long and adpressed on the gaster, shorter and more abundant on the antennae and legs. +Head and thorax opaque, gaster shilling. Head finely and longitudinally, rugose on the middle, finer and more punctate on the frontal areas and ou the sides. Mandibles shining, with largo, +scattered, piligerous punctures. Thorax densely and coarsely punctate, becoming almost rugose on the epinotum. Node eoarsely punctate. Gaster densely covered with wide, shallow punctures. Head longer than broad, as broad in front as behind, the occipital border concave, the angles rounded sides feebly eonvex. frontal carinae rather flat, overhanging the antennal insertions in front, extending back to the eyes, and continued further as feeble carinae; there is a faint carinae in the middle, between the frontal carinae, extending from the front edge of the clypeus to the occipital border; in some examples the carinae is scarcely to be distinguished from the rugae of the head. Clypeus broadly rounded in front, convex above. Eyes small, flattened, plaeed behind the middle of the aides. No traces of ocelli. Mandibles triangular, the external border eonvex, the terminal border armed with five long sharp teeth. Antennae short and robust, the scapes extending back slightly beyond the posterior margin of the eyes, they are gradually thickened to the apex; first joint of the funiculus about twice as long as broad, the second a little longer than the third, but broader than long, third to tenth broader than long, the apical joint about twiee as long as broad, and as long as the four preceding joints together. Thorax fully one and one half times as long as broad, broadest through the pronotum,, which is almost twice as broad as the epinotum at the top of the deelivity; pro-mesonotal suture sharply impressed; the suture between the mesonotum and the epinotum feebly indicated. The anterior and lateral borders of the pronotum convex, the anterior angles sharp, the posterior border of the epinotum concave, the angles produced as tooth-like projections; in profile the thorax is rounded and eonvex above, the epinotal deelivity abrupt, feebly margined above and on the sides. Node twice as broad as long, broadest just behind the middle, almost oval, but the posterior border not so strongly eonvex as the anterior; in profile it is more than twice as high as long, the anterior face sloping at a slight angle, the top edge rounded, the posterior face straight, the ventral surface with a moderately long sharp tooth-like projection almost directly under the anterior face; this tooth has a broad translucent lamella attached to its anterior edge, the lamella is as long as it is broad. First segment of the gaster broader than long, broader behind than m front, the anterior border straight, the angles rounded, the sides eonvex; in profile it is bluntly produced in front below. A slight constriction between the first and second segment. The second segment is as long as the first, it is broader in front than behind. The apical segments short, hidden by the second. Sting long and stout. Legs short and stout. + + +Hab.: Western Australia, National Park (J. Clark). Described from a small colony found under a stone. + + + +This ant feigns death on being disturbed, or when the stone is removed from above the nest. This is the first example of the genus to be found in Western Australia. The other Australian species, +A. imbellis Forel +, was described from Queensland, but also oecurs in South Australia. I have lately received examples which were collected at Ferntree Gully, Victoria. The Variety +hilaris Forel +, was described also from Queensland. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9E/3F/169E3F8DB82E8402E32E627535145B0E.xml b/data/16/9E/3F/169E3F8DB82E8402E32E627535145B0E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80761f6bf3a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9E/3F/169E3F8DB82E8402E32E627535145B0E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Aethecerus nitidus Wesmael, 1845 + + + + +corcyriensis +(Berthoumieu, 1901, +Phaeogenes +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9E/ED/169EED6C1960B77AE771D7CE4C37A952.xml b/data/16/9E/ED/169EED6C1960B77AE771D7CE4C37A952.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..695c96a7eb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9E/ED/169EED6C1960B77AE771D7CE4C37A952.xml @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +718 +782 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Polygala alopecuroides +Linnaeus + +, + +Mantissa Plantarum Altera + +: 260. 1771 + + +. + + + +"Habitat ad Cap. b. spei montibus." RCN: 5152. + + + + +Lectotype +(Levyns in +J. S. African Bot., Suppl +. 2: 190. 1954): Herb. Linn. No. 882.30 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Muraltia alopecuroides +(L.) + +DC. ( +Polygalaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/9F/14/169F14C3B6B1963F59D9BE8BF0081453.xml b/data/16/9F/14/169F14C3B6B1963F59D9BE8BF0081453.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..723b44d7ba9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/9F/14/169F14C3B6B1963F59D9BE8BF0081453.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +A preliminary checklist of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Iran. + + + +Author + +Paknia, O. + + + +Author + +Radchenko, A. + + + +Author + +Alipanah, H. + +text + + +Myrmecologische Nachrichten + + +2008 + +11 + + +151 +159 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/21820/21820.pdf + +journal article +21820 + + + + +Lepisiota dolabellae (Forel, 1911) + + + +North Iran. +Det. Ward, Collingwood or Munsee + + +ARDEH +(1994), +HMIM + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A0/78/16A078E4724407DD24F139AB165393B0.xml b/data/16/A0/78/16A078E4724407DD24F139AB165393B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3888f3ee1cc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A0/78/16A078E4724407DD24F139AB165393B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,162 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Brassicaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +480 +566 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Hymenolobus procumbens +(L.) Nutt. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: Wie + +H. pauciflorus + +, aber bis +15 cm +hoch. +Staengelblaetter +tief fiederteilig, mit 3-7 Abschnitten, Endabschnitt +groesser +. +Schoetchen +elliptisch, 2-3mal so lang wie breit. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 6-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Feuchte, salzige +Boeden +, Sandsteinfelsen / kollin / +Frueher +FR + + + + +Verbreitung global: +Kuestenpflanze +Eurasiens und Nordamerikas + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +sehr feucht; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ++/- +2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen1
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Niederliegende Salzkresse +Nom +francais +: + +Hymenolobe +couche + +Nome italiano: +Iberidella maggiore + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A0/88/16A088020C9521C47F8CD0D03596A4E8.xml b/data/16/A0/88/16A088020C9521C47F8CD0D03596A4E8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..04687624253 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A0/88/16A088020C9521C47F8CD0D03596A4E8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ + + + +Additions to the taxonomy of New World Pheidole (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). + + + +Author + +Longino, J. T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2009 + +2181 + + +1 +90 + + + + +http://hol.osu.edu/reference-full.html?id=22820 + +journal article +22820 + + + + + +Pheidole +janzeni + +new species + + + +Figure 9 + + + + +Pheidole mackayi +Wilson, 2003 + +(part, image and description of minor worker). + + + + +Holotype major worker. Costa Rica, Guanacaste: Santa Rosa National Park, Sector Murcielago campground, +10.90092°N +85.72943°W +, ±100m, 50m, 27 Feb 2008 (J. Longino#6144.04) [ +INBC +, unique specimen identifier CASENT0608973]. + + +Paratypes: major and minor workers. Same data as holotype [ +BMNH +, +CAS +, +EAPZ +, ECOSCE, +FMNH +, +INBC +, +JTLC +, +LACM +, +MCZ +, +MHNG +, +MIZA +, +MZSP +, +UCD +, +ICN +, +USNM +]. + + + +Geographic Range +Costa Rica, Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas). + + +Diagnosis + +The morphometric profile of +Pheidole janzeni +is unique. The extemely small minor workers have the habitus of +P. laselva +and P. nigricula, differing from those in the more extensive foveolate sculpture on the katepisternum and propodeum, and the shorter propodeal spines. The major worker differs from those species in the presence of shallow, smooth antennal scrobes surrounded by reticulate rugose sculpture. + + + +Description of minor worker +Measurements (paratype): HL 0.43, HW 0.39, HLA 0.11, SL 0.33, EL 0.10, ML 0.48, PSL 0.00, PMG 0.00, SPL 0.02, PTW 0.07, PPW 0.10, CI 91, SI 84, PSLI 0, PMGI 0, SPLI 5, PPI 154. +Measurements (n=6): HL 0.40-0.44, HW 0.36-0.40, SL 0.32-0.36, CI 90-91, SI 84-95. +Face smooth and shining; margin of vertex flattened with median impression; occipital carina narrow, not visible in full face view; scape with abundant suberect setae about as long as maximum width of scape; promesonotal groove absent; propodeal spines reduced to short obtuse angles; lateral face of pronotum and entire promesonotal dorsum smooth and shining; anepisternum foveolate; katepisternum with medial shiny area surrounded by foveolae; dorsal face of propodeum foveolate, posterior face smooth and shining, lateral face foveolate dorsally, smooth and shining ventrally; mesosomal dorsum with 8-12 medium-length clear (not black) erect setae; dorsal (outer) margin of hind tibia with short decumbent pilosity, no long erect hairs; first gastral tergum smooth and shining; gastral dorsum with moderately abundant, somewhat stiff erect setae; color dark brown to black. +Description of major worker +Measurements (holotype): HL 0.74, HW 0.62, HLA 0.15, SL 0.32, EL 0.10, ML 0.62, PSL 0.01, PMG 0.00, SPL 0.03, PTW 0.11, PPW 0.18, IHT 0.12, OHT 0.24, CI 83, SI 52, PSLI 1, PMGI 0, SPLI 4, PPI 156, HTI 50. +Measurements (n=4): HL 0.73-0.81, HW 0.60-0.66, SL 0.32-0.36, CI 82-83, SI 51-57. +Mandibles smooth and shiny with 3-4 coarse, widely-separated longitudinal rugae on outer base, moderately abundant subdecumbent setae on dorsal surface; clypeus smooth and flat with shallow anterior notch; face with well-defined shallow antennal scrobes, medial area somewhat swollen, sloping to relatively depressed vertex lobes, scrobes smooth and shining, most of rest of face with reticulate rugose sculpture, extending to posterior margin of vertex, about 4 stronger longitudinal rugae on frontal space posterior to clypeus; in face view anterolateral margins of head slightly flaring at mandibular condyles; head with abundant short suberect setae projecting from sides of head in face view; scape smooth and shining, terete, with abundant erect setae longer than maximum width of scape; hypostomal margin gently curved; median tooth an inconspicuous short nub; inner hypostomal teeth small but distinct, slightly closer to midline than to outer hypostomal teeth; promesonotal groove absent, dorsal profile of promesonotum evenly arched; propodeal spines present, short; promesonotum smooth and shining with patch of foveolae and rugae on humeral angles; remaining mesosomal sculpture as in minor worker; dorsum of postpetiole smooth and shining; dorsal (outer) margin of hind tibia with short decumbent pilosity, no long erect hairs; pilosity abundant on mesosomal dorsum; first gastral tergite smooth and shining, with abundant erect setae; color dark brown. + + + +Biology + + +Pheidole janzeni +occurs in dry forest habitats. In Costa Rica, minor and major workers were collected at baits near a stream edge. Similarly, minor and major workers were collected at baits in dry forest localities in Chiapas, Mexico. Habitats have been open dry areas with frequent disturbance, including a recently slashed and burned field, and an area of heavy livestock use. An isolated minor worker was collected in pine oak forest at 1100m in Guatemala. It is likely that this species is common and widespread in seasonally dry areas of Mesoamerica but has been largely overlooked due to its small size. + + + +Etymology +This species is named for an important mentor of mine, D. H. Janzen. It may seem odd to name such a diminutive species for a giant in tropical ecology, but (1) it is a distinctive species, unlikely to be synonymized, (2) it is widespread in synanthropic habitats, and thus likely to be frequently encountered for generations to come, and (3) it is found in tropical dry forest habitats, the conservation of which Janzen has championed. + + +Comments + +The type series of +P. mackayi +was from a bait and is a mixed series, with the minor workers being this newly described species and not conspecific with the holotype major worker of +P. mackayi +. The collections from Costa Rica and Mexico are remarkably similar and appear identical in every respect; they show no geographic variation. + + + +Additional material examined + +GUATEMALA: Zacapa, 8.5km NE Tuculutan, +15°03'31"N +, +89°40'35"W +, 1100m (M. Branstetter); MEXICO: Chiapas, Sierra Morena, +16°09'15"N +, +93°35'23"W +, 1150m (J. Longino); 24km SW Cintalapa, +16°32'N +, +93°53'W +, 710m (W. MacKay). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A0/EA/16A0EADB07157E42322D9820EB492625.xml b/data/16/A0/EA/16A0EADB07157E42322D9820EB492625.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..bc163d8d00c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A0/EA/16A0EADB07157E42322D9820EB492625.xml @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ + + + +Clarias insolitus, a new species of clariid catfish (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from southern Borneo. + + + +Author + +Heok Hee Ng + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2003 + +284 + + +1 +8 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B2553DF-50B0-40B9-A2CF-AA08A243BF75 + +journal article +z00284p001 + + + + +Clarias meladerma +: + + +ZRC +38979 + +, 6 ex., 172.8-185.5 mm SL; +Sumatra +: +Jambi +, +Pasar Angso Duo +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A1/68/16A16807D646B21FCA49D993D7ADCD86.xml b/data/16/A1/68/16A16807D646B21FCA49D993D7ADCD86.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3dd36c2d6d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A1/68/16A16807D646B21FCA49D993D7ADCD86.xml @@ -0,0 +1,582 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Euphorbiaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/euphorbiaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Euphorbia platyphyllos +L. + + + + + + +Breitblaettrige +Wolfsmilch + + + + + +Art ISFS: 161000 Checklist: 1018360 +Euphorbiaceae +Euphorbia +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + + +Bestimmungsschluessel + + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +20-70 cm +hoch, +gelbgruen +, kahl oder zerstreut flaumig. + +Staengel +meist einzeln + +, nur oben verzweigt. +Blaetter +wechselstaendig +, +laenglich-lanzettlich +, +2-4 cm +lang, + +vorn sehr fein +gezaehnelt +. Dolde meist (4-)5strahlig + +, Strahlen oft gabelig verzweigt. +Tragblaetter +nicht verwachsen, breit 3eckig, + +mit feinem Spitzchen. +Huellbecher +mit ovalen, gelben +Druesen +. Frucht kurzwarzig, mit breiten, warzenlosen +Laengsstreifen + +, 3-3,5 mm breit. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 6-8 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Aecker +, +Wegraender +/ kollin(-montan) / J, M, zerstreut A + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Urspruenglich +suedeuropaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +3w43-342.t.2n=28 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Therophyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +8.2.3.2 - Kalkreicher, lehmiger Hackfruchtacker ( +Fumario-Euphorbion +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht; Feuchtigkeit +maessig +wechselnd ( ++/- +1-2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl LhalbschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl T +kollin ( +Laubmischwaelder +mit Eichen) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +maessig +naehrstoffarm +bis +maessig +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Euphorbia platyphyllos +L. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Breitblaettrige +Wolfsmilch + +Nom +francais +: + +Euphorbe +a +larges feuilles + +Nome italiano: +Euforbia rognosa + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Checklist 2017 + +161000
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +1319
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +789
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +789
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +161000
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Landolt 1977 + +1953
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Landolt 1991 + +1600
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +161000
= +Euphorbia platyphyllos L. + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +970
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Mittelland (MP) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +stark +gefaehrdet +(Endangered) +C2a(i)b
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) +nicht anwendbar (Not Applicable)
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)nicht anwendbar (Not Applicable)
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ +Status in sektoriellen Umweltpolitiken + + + + + + + +
+Umweltziele Landwirtschaft: +L - Leitartweitere Informationen
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/05/16A205C9D53457FD9000387E04AA541A.xml b/data/16/A2/05/16A205C9D53457FD9000387E04AA541A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5b851ee42c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/05/16A205C9D53457FD9000387E04AA541A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,217 @@ + + + +New and little-known bees of the genus Epeolus Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Nomadinae) from Mongolia + + + +Author + +Astafurova, Yulia V. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-7792 +Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia + + + +Author + +Proshchalykin, Maxim Yu. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-8226 +Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia +proshchalikin@biosoil.ru + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2021 + +2021-08-24 + + +84 + + +11 +28 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.67150 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.67150 +1314-2607-84-11 +F447C28DF4F44541952799465AF7D177 +7BBE5F1DCBF95F528903D5FBEA18F098 +5349447 + + + + + +Epeolus variegatus (Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + +Apis variegata +Linnaeus, 1758: 577, ♀, ♂ (type locality: Sweden). + + +Apis murcaria +Christ, 1791: 188-189, ♀, ♂ (type locality: Germany). + + +Apis festiva +Christ, 1791: 190-191, ♀, ♂ (type locality: Germany). + + +Epeolus pictus +Nylander, 1848: 174-175, ♀, ♂ (type locality: Siberia, Russia). + + +Epeolus productus +Thomson, 1870: 91, ♀, ♂ (type locality: Sweden). + + + +Material examined. + +Bayankhongor +, + +56 km +NW of +Bayankhongor +, +46°33'N +, +100°12'E +, + +2200 m + +, +12.VII.2004 +, ( +1 ♀ +), MK [OLBL/PCMS] + +; + + +2 km +S of Bayankhongor + +, +46°12'N +, +100°43'E +, + +12.VII. + +2004, 1880 m + + +, +10.VII.2004 +, ( +1 ♀ +), JH [OLBL/PCMS]; + +Selenge + + +, + + +90 km +N of Ulaanbaatar + +, +Segnez River +, + +1450 m + +, +6-8.VII.2003 +, ( +1 ♀ +), JH [OLBL/PCMS]; + +Tuv + + +, + + +50 km +N of Ulaanbaatar + +, E of +Mandal +, + +1180 m + +, +8-13.VIII.2007 +, ( +24 ♀ +), JH [OLBL/PCMS]; + +Ulaanbaatar + +, +Tola River +, +Urga +[=Ulaanbaatar], +14-16.VII.1905 +, ( +1 ♀ +), PK [ZISP] + +. + + + +Distribution. +Mongolia (*Bayankhongor, *Selenge, *Tuv, *Ulaanbaatar), North Africa, Europe, Russia (east to Yakutia), Turkey, Georgia, Central Asia, Iran, Pakistan. + + +Remark. + +Friese (1895 +: 208) determined some specimens from North Mongolia (without an exact locality) as + +Epeolus pictus + +Nylander, 1848, but noted that these specimens differed from + +E. variegatus + +. However, according to +Morawitz (1865 +: 50), + +Epeolus pictus + +is a synonym of + +E. variegatus + +, and this is supported by +Bogusch and Hadrava (2018) +who re-examined type specimens. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/09/16A209B97B1C1D6A99EB1C60E9584497.xml b/data/16/A2/09/16A209B97B1C1D6A99EB1C60E9584497.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9fae144c998 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/09/16A209B97B1C1D6A99EB1C60E9584497.xml @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ + + + +A revision of the Larainae (Coleoptera, Elmidae) of Venezuela, with description of nine new species + + + +Author + +Maier, Crystal A. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +329 + + +33 +91 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.329.4961 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.329.4961 +1313-2970-329-33 + + + + +Hexanchorus falconensis +sp. n. +Figs 4, 28, 29, 30, 31 + + + +Type Material. + +Holotype Male."Venezuela: +Falcon +State; +11°10.667'N +, +69°33.695'W +563 m; Cataratas del Hueque; scrubbing flat rocks in flow; leg. A. Short; VZ09-0709-01A" Holotype Deposited in MIZA. Paratypes (9): VENEZUELA: +Falcon +State: Same locality data as holotype (7 specimens SEMC). "Venezuela: +Falcon +State; +11°10.667'N +, +69°33.695'W +563 m; Cataratas del Hueque; Short & Gustafson; leafpacks/roots; at river margin; VZ09-0709-01B" (1 specimen SEMC). "Venezuela: +Falcon +State; +11°10.667'N +, +69°33.695'W +563 m; Cataratas del Hueque; leg. Shepard; mud puddles/pools; gross sample; VZ09-0709-01Z" (1 specimen SEMC). Paratypes will be deposited in: 1 in MALUZ, 1 in USNM, 7 in SEMC. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Hexanchorus falconensis +can be distinguished from all other species of +Hexanchorus +by the distinctive aedeagus, with a +"can-opener" +tooth at apex (Fig. 31), and the extremely elongated elytral apices of the female (Fig. 28). Additionally, the pronotum lacks a median longitudinal impression (Fig. 28). + + + +Description. +Holotype Male. Body elongate, subparallel, dorsum moderately convex. Length, 4.5 mm; greatest width, 1.1 mm. Body dark brown dorsally; venter dark brownish black (Fig. 28). Base of antenna testaceous ventrally, base of femur, trochanter testaceous (Fig. 29). Dorsal surface densely covered with short recumbent setae; ventral surface densely covered with longer, golden, recumbent setae. Setae with greenish iridescence (Fig. 28). Surface microreticulate, with dense fine punctures; fine punctures separated by distance equal to puncture diameter. + +Head moderately coarsely, densely punctate; punctures separated by their diameter; cuticle microreticulate. Clypeus with anterior margin straight; angle on each side square; lateral angles of clypeus with dense turt of golden setae. Labrum with anterior margin entire and broadly rounded; labrum expanded laterally, covered with setae approximately three times as long as setae on head; lateral margins of clypeus with thick brush of curly, golden setae. Eyes hemispherical, narrowed posteriorly and bordered by long black curved setae ( +"eyelashes" +) that arise near dorsal and ventral sides of eyes and extend toward middle of eye. Antenna pubescent, clubbed; basal antennomeres I and II testaceous ventrally, with dense recumbent setae and long, dark brown setae (Fig. 29). Antennae serrate, thickening slightly towards apex (Fig. 28). Antennae long, +reaching +past transverse groove of pronotum. Apical antennomeres dark brownish black, with dense recumbent setae. Apical antennomere pointed (Fig. 29). + +Pronotum 1.0 mm long, 0.9 mm wide; with strong sublateral groove; lateral margins slightly sinuate; anterolateral angles square, not explanate; base of pronotum slightly sinuate and with broad lobe medially; posterolateral angles obtuse, slightly explanate, declivous, depressed adjacent to each angle; discal area with fine, dense punctures, punctures separated by a distance equal to or less than their diameter; cuticle microreticulate (Fig. 28). Pronotal disc lacking median longitudinal depression, with slight postero-medial impression; disc covered with short, dense, iridescent setae (Fig. 28). Lateral projection of hypomeron reduced, nearly absent. Prosternum short in front of procoxae; lacking tuft of setae apicomedially (Fig. 29). Prosternal process broadly triangular, broad at base and slightly tapering to apex; disc slightly impressed, without V-shaped groove; lateral margins reflexed; middle concave; apex broadly acuminate (Fig. 29). Scutellum slightly longer than broad, strongly convex, distinctly elevated above the adjacent elytral intervals. Mesoventrite short, depressed, with a deep, broad, V-shaped depression for reception of apex of prosternal process. Metaventrite with disc inflated on posterior three-fourths, finely punctate behind mesocoxae, punctures becoming more sparse laterally, with large, rounded depressions scattered on disc; with deep longitudinal groove on midline of disc, groove deepest and broadest on posterior third of disc; with short, dense pubescence; cuticular surface of metaventrite finely microreticulate. +Legs long and slender, dark brown (Fig. 29). Procoxae and metacoxae moderately widely separated; mesocoxae slightly more widely separated (Fig. 29). Protibia lacking excavation for reception of tarsi, lacking apical tooth. Protarsus of male strongly expanded apicomedially. Mesotibiae of male with medial pubescent area long; lateral pubescent area only at extreme base; with fine, short, nearly longitudinal carina on inner apex. Tarsal claws long and stout, light brown. Metafemur of male with small internal glabrous patch. +Elytron with ten rows of fine punctures; punctures separated by a distance three to four times the diameter of the puncture; intervals with short, dense, iridescent pubescence; humeral area swollen (Fig. 28). Elytral striae obscured apically. Elytron widening to about posterior two-thirds before converging to rounded and acute apex. Apical third of elytron not, or just barely inflated. Elytron without strong impression at basal third. Lateral bead of elytron sinuate. Elytra three times as long as pronotum; broadest point across humeri. Inner side of apex rounded; lateral margins smooth; humeri gibbous; elytral intervals slightly elevated; punctures on intervals no larger than finest punctures of head and pronotum and separated by 2-5 times puncture diameter. + +Abdomen with five ventrites. First three ventrites broadly, deeply depressed and distinctly carinate adjacent to metacoxae; carinae extending longitudinally behind metacoxae for almost entire length of first ventrite; cuticle densely covered with short, recumbent setae. Last ventrite deeply and broadly emarginate. Aedeagus distinctive, with two small notches at tip ( +"can-opener" +apex), parameres reaching more than halfway up length of aedeagus. + + +Female +. Externally similar to male except elytral apices strongly acuminate and extended posteriorly (Fig. 28). Protibiae slightly less curved than those of male. Mesotibiae without carina on inner apex. Metaventral disc not as deeply and less extensively concave. Abdominal sterna 1-3 convex, not concave. + + + + +Intraspecific +variation. + +This species varies slightly in color, length (4.0-4.3 mm), and degree of setation. + + +Etymology. + +This species is named +"falconensis" +in reference to the type locality in +Falcon +State, Venezuela. + + + +Habitat and distribution. + +Hexanchorus falconensis +is only known from Cataratas del Hueque in +Falcon +State, Venezuela (Fig. 4). Specimens were collected in leaf packs and at stream margins, as well as in bulk samples and by scubbing rocks in the flowing water on flat, waterslide-like rocks. + + + +Associated species. + +This species was collected in association with +Phanocerus congener +. Other water beetles collected in the same habitat include: +Lutrochus vestitus +( +Lutrochidae +) (Maier & Short, 2013), +Heterelmis +spp., +Microcylloepus +spp., and +Onychelmis +spp. ( +Elmidae +: +Elminae +), and the larvae of +Psephenidae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/52/16A2525B436251D695BB236A8B03FFB9.xml b/data/16/A2/52/16A2525B436251D695BB236A8B03FFB9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0c5d56b686e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/52/16A2525B436251D695BB236A8B03FFB9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,732 @@ + + + +Four new species of Asian horned toads (Anura, Megophryidae, Megophrys) from southern China + + + +Author + +Lyu, Zhi-Tong +State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China & School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-3859 + + + +Author + +Li, Yuan-Qiu +Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve, Qingyuan 513000, China + + + +Author + +Zeng, Zhao-Chi +State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China & Shenzhen Shuanghuamu Biological Technology Co., LTD, Shenzhen 51800, China + + + +Author + +Zhao, Jian +Shenzhen Shuanghuamu Biological Technology Co., LTD, Shenzhen 51800, China + + + +Author + +Liu, Zu-Yao +State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China & Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern 3012, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Guo, Guo-Xin +Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve, Qingyuan 513000, China + + + +Author + +Wang, Ying-Yong +State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China +wangyy@mail.sysu.edu.cn + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +942 + + +105 +140 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys..47983 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys..47983 +1313-2970-942-105 +96C50618823C4800934897879B6B3B06 +182B102E3B9357318B7B0A275F6D3560 + + + + +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina Lyu, Liu & Wang +sp. nov. +Figures 4B +, 5 +, 6A + + + +Chresonymy. + + +Megophrys + +sp29 (SYS a002077, 2081, 4172-4173 in +Liu et al. 2018 +) + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +. + +SYS a004710 (Figs +4B +, +5 +), adult male, collected on 27 April 2016 by Zhi-Tong Lyu and Yuan-Qiu Li from Shimentai Nature Reserve ( +24.4095N +, +113.1095E +; ca 370 m a.s.l.), Yingde City, Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province, PR China. + + + +Paratypes +. + +Eleven adult males from the same locality as the holotype: SYS a002077, 2081-2085, collected on 25-26 April 2013 by Run-Lin Li and Yuan-Qiu Li; SYS a004172-4173, collected on 27 July 2015 by Ying-Yong Wang and Yuan-Qiu Li; SYS a005448/ CIB 110015 collected on 19 August 2016 and SYS a005992-5993 collected on 20 June 2017 by Zhi-Tong Lyu and Yong-You Zhao. + + + +Etymology. + +The specific epithet + +shimentaina + +refers to its type locality, Shimentai Nature Reserve. + + + +Common name. + +Shimentai Horned Toad (in English) / +Shi +Men +Tai +Jiăo +Chan +(石门台角蟾in Chinese) + + + +Diagnosis. + +(1) Body size small, SVL 28.0-30.6 (28.9 ++/- +0.9, +N += 12) mm in adult males; (2) snout rounded in dorsal view; (3) tympanum clear, TD/ED 0.57-0.66; (4) presence of weak vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth; (5) margin of tongue rounded, not notched behind; (6) hindlimbs slender, heels overlapping and tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward between tympanum to anterior corner of eye; (7) tibia 0.44-0.53 of SVL and foot 0.62-0.76 of SVL; (8) fingers with narrow lateral fringes, presence of indistinct subarticular tubercles at the bases; (9) toes with narrow lateral fringes and rudiment of webs, absence of subarticular tubercle; (10) presence of a small horn-like tubercle at the edge of upper eyelid; (11) presence of tiny, barely visible, black to dark brown spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs; (12) dorsal skin rough, a discontinuous "/ \"-shaped ridge with two discontinuous dorsolateral ridges on two sides on the back; (13) several large warts on the flanks; (14) supratympanic fold distinct and white, with tiny spines; (15) light brown above, a dark brown stripe on each upper eyelid; (16) single subgular vocal sac in males; (17) weak nuptial pads with serried olive nuptial spines, on the dorsal surface of the first and second fingers in adult males. + + + +Figure 5. +Adult male holotype SYS a004710 of +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. in life +A +dorsolateral view +B +ventral view +C +hand +D +foot +E +posterior view +F +large warts on the flanks and absence of conical spines on supratympanic fold. + + + + +Comparison. + +Comparative data of +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. with +M. (Pa.) mirabilis +sp. nov. and 42 recognized congeners of + +Panophrys + +are given in Table +4 +. + + +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. differs from +M. (Pa.) mirabilis +sp. nov. by the smaller body size, SVL 28.0-30.6 mm in males (vs. 55.8-61.4 mm in males), small horn-like tubercle at upper eyelid (vs. slightly large), presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent), the presence of tiny spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs (vs. such spines absent), presence of vocal sac in males (vs. absent), and presence of nuptial spines in males (vs. absent). + + +Compared with the five + +Panophrys + +species previously recorded from the hilly areas among Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hunan, +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. differs from +M. (Pa.) acuta +by the small horn-like tubercle at upper eyelid (vs. slightly large), snout rounded in dorsal view (vs. strongly remarkably pointed), presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent), presence of tiny spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs (vs. such spines absent), and overlapping heels (vs. not meeting). +M. (Pa.) shimentaina +sp. nov. differs from +M. (Pa.) brachykolos +by the smaller body size SVL 28.0-30.6 mm in males (vs. 33.7-39.3 mm in males), presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent), presence of tiny spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs (vs. such spines absent), narrow lateral fringes on toes (vs. absent), and overlapping heels (vs. not meeting). +M. (Pa.) shimentaina +sp. nov. differs from +M. (Pa.) nanlingensis +by the presence of tiny spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs (vs. such spines absent), and tongue not notched behind (vs. notched). +M. (Pa.) shimentaina +sp. nov. differs from +M. (Pa.) obesa +by the smaller body size SVL 28.0-30.6 mm in males (vs. 35.6 mm in single male), presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent), presence of tiny spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs (vs. such spines absent), narrow lateral fringes on toes (vs. absent), and overlapping heels (vs. not meeting). +M. (Pa.) shimentaina +sp. nov. differs from +M. (Pa.) shunhuangensis +by the presence of vomerine teeth (vs. absent), tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward between tympanum to anterior corner of eye (vs. at the eye), and the presence of tiny spines on the whole dorsal skin, flanks, dorsal limbs, the region around cloaca, and rear of hindlimbs (vs. such spines absent). + + +With a small body size, SVL 28.0-30.6 mm in adult males, +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. is significantly different from 15 congeners whose SVL> 35 mm in males, namely +M. (Pa.) baolongensis +, +M. (Pa.) binlingensis +, +M. (Pa.) caudoprocta +, +M. (Pa.) hoanglienensis +, +M. (Pa.) huangshanensis +, +M. (Pa.) insularis +, +M. (Pa.) jingdongensis +, +M. (Pa.) jinggangensis +, +M. (Pa.) latidactyla +, +M. (Pa.) liboensis +, +M. (Pa.) omeimontis +, +M. (Pa.) palpebralespinosa +, +M. (Pa.) sangzhiensis +, +M. (Pa.) shuichengensis +, and +M. (Pa.) spinata +. + + +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. can be further distinguished from the remaining 22 congeners by the following characteristics: vomerine teeth present [vs. absent in +M. (Pa.) binchuanensis +, +M. (Pa.) boettgeri +, +M. (Pa.) cheni +, +M. (Pa.) jiangi +, +M. (Pa.) kuatunensis +, +M. (Pa.) leishanensis +, +M. (Pa.) lini +, +M. (Pa.) lishuiensis +, +M. (Pa.) minor +, +M. (Pa.) mufumontana +, +M. (Pa.) ombrophila +, +M. (Pa.) tuberogranulatus +, +M. (Pa.) wugongensis +, +M. (Pa.) wuliangshanensis +, +M. (Pa.) wushanensis +, and +M. (Pa.) xianjuensis +]; tongue not notched behind [vs. notched in +M. (Pa.) cheni +, +M. (Pa.) boettgeri +, +M. (Pa.) fansipanensis +, +M. (Pa.) jiulianensis +, +M. (Pa.) kuatunensis +, +M. (Pa.) minor +, and +M. (Pa.) rubrimera +]; lateral fringes on toes narrow [vs. absent in +M. (Pa.) daweimontis +, +M. (Pa.) dongguanensis +, +M. (Pa.) fansipanensis +, +M. (Pa.) jiangi +, +M. (Pa.) jiulianensis +, +M. (Pa.) leishanensis +, +M. (Pa.) lishuiensis +, +M. (Pa.) minor +, +M. (Pa.) nankunensis +, +M. (Pa.) ombrophila +, +M. (Pa.) tuberogranulatus +, +M. (Pa.) wugongensis +, and +M. (Pa.) wuliangshanensis +; wide in +M. (Pa.) binchuanensis +, +M. (Pa.) boettgeri +, +M. (Pa.) cheni +, and +M. (Pa.) lini +; vs. absent in females while wide in males in +M. (Pa.) wushanensis +]; rudimentary webs on toes [vs. lacking webs in +M. (Pa.) daweimontis +, +M. (Pa.) fansipanensis +, +M. (Pa.) kuatunensis +, +M. (Pa.) lishuiensis +, +M. (Pa.) ombrophila +, +M. (Pa.) rubrimera +, and +M. (Pa.) wuliangshanensis +]. + + + +Figure 6. +Advertisement calls spectrograms +A +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. +B +M. (Pa.) xiangnanensis +sp. nov. +C +M. (Pa.) yangmingensis +sp. nov. +1 +sonogram +2 +waveform. + + + + +Description of holotype. +Adult male. Body size small, SVL 28.4 mm; head width slightly smaller than head length, HDW/HDL 0.95; snout rounded in dorsal view, projecting, sloping backward to mouth in profile, protruding well beyond margin of lower jaw; top of head flat; eyes large, ED 0.33 of HDL, pupil vertical; nostril oblique-ovoid; canthus rostralis well developed; loreal region slightly oblique; internasal distance slightly larger than interorbital distance; tympanum clear, in medium size, TD/ED 0.61; large ovoid choanae at the base of the maxilla; presence of weak vomerine ridge and vomerine teeth; margin of tongue rounded, not notched behind; presence of a single subgular vocal sac, a pair of slit-like openings at posterior of jaw. +Radio-ulna length 0.22 of SVL and hand 0.26 of SVL; hand without webs, fingers with narrow lateral fringes, relative finger length I ≈ II <IV <III; tips of fingers slightly dilated, round; one indistinct subarticular tubercle at the bases of each finger; inner metacarpal tubercle observably enlarged and the outer one smaller; nuptial pads with serried olive nuptial spines on the dorsal surface of the first and second fingers. Hindlimbs slender, tibio-tarsal articulation reaching forward to the posterior corner of eye when hindlimb is stretched along the side of the body; heels overlapping when the flexed hindlimbs are held at right angles to the body axis; tibia length 0.47 of SVL and foot length 0.67 of SVL; relative toe length I <II <V <III <IV; tips of toes round and slightly dilated; toes with distinct lateral fringes and rudiment of webs, without subarticular tubercle; inner metatarsal tubercle long ovoid and the outer one absent. +Dorsal skin rough; numerous granules densely arranged on the top of head, loreal region, lips, temporal region, dorsal body, flanks and dorsal limbs; several tubercles on upper eyelid, including a horn-like prominent tubercle on the edge; all granules and tubercles bearing tiny, barely visible spines; clear supratympanic fold with tiny spines, curving postero-ventrally from posterior corner of eye to a level above insertion of arm; tubercles and granules forming discontinuous "/ \"-shaped ridge and two discontinuous dorsolateral ridges on two sides at the central back; large tubercles and warts on the flanks; ventral surface smooth; several granules bearing black spines on the region around cloaca and rear of hindlimbs; small pectoral gland closer to axilla; a single large femoral gland on rear of thigh. + + +Coloration. +Light brown above in life; a dark brown stripe on dorsal surface of each eye; narrow dark brown transverse bands on forearms and hindlimbs; supratympanic fold white; dark vertical band below the eye; iris reddish brown; all spines black or dark brown; ventral surface pale; throat flesh color; scarlet spots on the chest; a large white blotch on the belly; a pair of lateroventral longitudinal broad black stripes with several white tubercles on two sides; ventral limbs flesh color with white spots; ventral hands and ventral feet brown, tips of digits pale brown; metacarpal tubercle and metatarsal tubercle reddish; pectoral gland and femoral gland white. + + +Variations. + +Measurement data of type series are listed in Table +6 +. All paratypes are extremely similar to the holotype but SYS a002082 has an +"X" +pattern on its back. + + + +Distribution and ecology. + +Currently, +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. is known only from Shimentai Nature Reserve, northern Guangdong. This toad is uncommon in its distribution areas. All individuals were found from two slowly flowing mountain streams between elevations of 210-500 m a.s.l. Males call on plant leaves from April to August, suggesting their breeding season corresponds to this period. Females and tadpoles have not been found. + + + +Vocalization. + +The advertisement calls of +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov. were recorded from four males at 18-20 °C air temperature on 27 April 2016. Thirty calls with 96 notes are measured and the spectrograms are shown in Fig. +6A +. The advertisement call is made up of 3.8 ++/- +0.4 (3-4, +N += 30) continuous click notes. Each call lasts 0.50 ++/- +0.07 s (0.36-0.58 s, +N += 30) and each note lasts 85 ++/- +8 ms (64-101 ms, +N += 96) with an interval of 67 ++/- +14 ms (44-121 ms, +N += 71) between every two notes. The peak frequency measures at 4895 ++/- +124 Hz (4688-5156 Hz, +N += 96). + + + +Table 6. +Measurements (in mm) of the type series of +Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina +sp. nov., * for the holotype. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- +SYS a004710 +* + +SYS a002077 + +SYS a002081 + +SYS a002082 + +SYS a002083 + +SYS a002084 + +SYS a002085 + +SYS a004172 + +SYS a004173 + +SYS a005448 / CIB 110015 + +SYS a005992 + +SYS a005993 +
+Sex +MaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMale
+SVL +28.428.528.130.629.029.228.828.030.428.029.328.7
+HDL +10.010.19.910.410.110.110.09.910.510.710.110.1
+HDW +9.69.59.510.09.69.79.59.810.010.39.89.9
+SNT +3.33.43.33.53.33.43.43.33.43.23.43.4
+IND +3.03.03.03.13.13.13.03.13.22.83.13.0
+IOD +2.62.82.82.92.82.82.72.82.93.12.82.6
+ED +3.33.23.33.43.33.33.33.43.43.43.43.4
+TD +2.01.81.92.22.01.92.01.92.12.12.22.1
+TED +1.61.61.51.61.71.51.51.41.61.51.51.5
+HND +7.47.27.37.57.57.47.36.87.27.87.17.5
+RAD +6.26.16.26.46.26.26.05.56.16.36.06.4
+FTL +19.119.919.020.519.419.319.317.918.721.419.420.3
+TIB +13.514.213.214.913.414.313.612.813.314.913.414.6
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/6E/16A26E3789C7E9540485A61B33AF34FF.xml b/data/16/A2/6E/16A26E3789C7E9540485A61B33AF34FF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00e85cbbdd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/6E/16A26E3789C7E9540485A61B33AF34FF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +The Crematogaster (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) of Costa Rica. + + + +Author + +Longino, J. T. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2003 + +151 + + +1 +150 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/20256/20256.pdf + +journal article +20256 +9813210B-5B9F-4FDE-86DD-3AE55166EC9C + + + + +There are two syntype workers of +uruguayensis +on a pin at NHMB, and I compared them to a syntype of +sericea +. They are a bit darker than the types of +sericea +, and the setal pattern on the fourth abdominal tergite is more like +torosa +than +crinosa +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/83/16A283D1EAD00D121B2AFB19D1B42A69.xml b/data/16/A2/83/16A283D1EAD00D121B2AFB19D1B42A69.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07823494a82 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/83/16A283D1EAD00D121B2AFB19D1B42A69.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +The Blattodeas. s. (Insecta, Dictyoptera) of the Guiana Shield + + + +Author + +Evangelista, Dominic A. + + + +Author + +Chan, Kimberly + + + +Author + +Kaplan, Kayla L. + + + +Author + +Wilson, Megan M. + + + +Author + +Ware, Jessica L. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +475 + + +37 +87 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.475.7877 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.475.7877 +1313-2970-475-37 +C4ACAF17E887406AAF7C6D0155E7F392 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Blattodea Ectobiidae + + + +Anisopygia decora Hebard, 1926 + + + +Materials. +Adult ♀ Figure 7. +Voucher number: DEKBO0504. +Collection locale. Capuchin Trail, Karanambo Ranch, Rupununi, Guyana. + +GPS: +3°44'43.70"N +, +59°18'51.88"W +. + +Date: 10 - June - 2013. +Collectors. Dominic A. Evangelista, Oswin Ambrose, Susan George, and Megan M. Wilson. + + +Collection/ecological information. +This specimen was collected by hand in an undisturbed forested area. This is the first record of this specimen from Guyana. + + +Morphological identification. + +This specimen was identified by comparison with +Hebard's +description ( +1926 +). + + + +Known geographic distribution. +Guyana (new record) and French Guiana. + + +Figure 7. +Anisopygia decora +adult female (DEKBO0504). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/A3/16A2A3254D863E6A498DA6E3E038FD8F.xml b/data/16/A2/A3/16A2A3254D863E6A498DA6E3E038FD8F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0fd8d6563a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/A3/16A2A3254D863E6A498DA6E3E038FD8F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5447 +5447 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 +1314-2828--5447 + + + + +Ecliptopera (Ecliptopera) rectilinea fortis Prout, 1932 + + + + +Ecliptopera (Ecliptopera) rectilinea fortis +Prout 1932a + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Syntype +. Occurrence: sex: +2m +; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: RBINS + + + + +Distribution +Type locality: Celebes [Sulawesi], Tonsea Lama + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A2/EC/16A2ECE95C849E07028A3339511C0025.xml b/data/16/A2/EC/16A2ECE95C849E07028A3339511C0025.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cd87535dd68 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A2/EC/16A2ECE95C849E07028A3339511C0025.xml @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ + + + +Further contributions to the longhorn beetle (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) fauna of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada + + + +Author + +Webster, Reginald P. +24 Mill Stream Drive, Charters Settlement, NB, Canada E 3 C 1 X 1 +reginaldwebster@rogers.com + + + +Author + +Alderson, Chantelle A. +Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7 + + + +Author + +Webster, Vincent L. +Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7 + + + +Author + +CoryC. Hughes, +Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7 + + + +Author + +Sweeney, Jon D. +Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent St., P. O. Box 4000, Fredericton, NB, Canada E 3 B 5 P 7 + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-01-13 + + +552 + + +109 +122 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6039 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.552.6039 +1313-2970-552-109 +0E9AFD798C744E1BA9D5C57B9BDDF78E +FF88FF84FFB79B23552CFF98FF99FFBC +292325 + + + + +Lepturges angulatus (LeConte, 1852) + + + +Material examined. + +New Brunswick, Northumberland Co. +, + +Upper Graham Plains +, +47.1001°N +, +66.8154°W +, +24.VII-7.VIII.2014 +, +C. Alderson +& +V. Webster +// +Old +black spruce ( + +Picea mariana + +(Mill.) B.S.P.) forest with white pine, +Lindgren funnel trap +in canopy of white pine (1, AFC). + +York Co. + +, Fredericton, Odell Park, +45.9484°N +, +66.6802°W +, +1-15.VIII.2014 +, +C. Alderson +& +V. Webster +// +Old +mixed forest, +Lindgren funnel traps +in canopy of hardwoods (1, AFC; 1, RWC) + +. + + + +Collection and habitat data. + +All adults (3) of + +Lepturges angulatus + +from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps in the canopy of trees; one from the canopy of a white pine in an old black spruce forest with white pine and two from the canopy of hardwoods in an old mixed forest stand. +Yanega (1996) +reports various hardwoods and pine as larval hosts of this species. Adults were collected during July and August in New Brunswick. + + + +Distribution in Canada and Alaska. + +ON, QC, +NB +( +Bousquet et al. 2013 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A3/09/16A309995DCFAC5081BF1503B6C70A6E.xml b/data/16/A3/09/16A309995DCFAC5081BF1503B6C70A6E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..281f819f883 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A3/09/16A309995DCFAC5081BF1503B6C70A6E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A first integrative study of the identity and origins of the British Dwarf Pill Millipede populations, Trachysphaeracf. lobata (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae) + + + +Author + +Wilbrandt, Jeanne + + + +Author + +Lee, Paul + + + +Author + +Read, Helen + + + +Author + +Wesener, Thomas + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5176 +5176 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5176 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5176 +1314-2828--5176 + + + + +Trachysphaera sp. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +895 +; recordedBy: +T. Wesener +; individualID: TW06; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: scientificName: Trachysphaera sp.; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Diplopoda; order: Glomerida; family: Glomeridae; genus: Trachysphaera; taxonRank: species; Location: locationID: 7; country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Piemonte; locality: +Oropa, NW Sanctuary of Oropa +; Event: eventDate: +14.iv.2011 +; year: 2011; month: 4; day: 14; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: MYR + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +896 +; recordedBy: +T. Wesener +; individualID: TW07; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; lifeStage: +adult +; Taxon: scientificName: Trachysphaera sp.; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Diplopoda; order: Glomerida; family: Glomeridae; genus: Trachysphaera; taxonRank: species; Location: locationID: 7; country: +Italy +; stateProvince: Piemonte; locality: +Oropa, NW Sanctuary of Oropa +; Event: eventDate: +14.iv.2011 +; year: 2011; month: 4; day: 14; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: MYR + + + + +Notes +Additional individual information in Table 9. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A3/CB/16A3CB7E2B7711E03CB042D7B515F6D3.xml b/data/16/A3/CB/16A3CB7E2B7711E03CB042D7B515F6D3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ed1866ae060 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A3/CB/16A3CB7E2B7711E03CB042D7B515F6D3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ + + + +A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean + + + +Author + +Crews, Sarah C. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +105 + + +1 +182 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724 +1313-2970-105-1 + + + + +Selenops actophilus Chamberlin, 1924 +Figs 53-56198Map 7 + + + + +Selenops actophilus +Chamberlin 1924 +: 655, Figs 95-98 (♂, ♀, examined). + + +Selenops actophilus +: +Muma 1953 +: 14, Figs 19-22 (♂, ♀). + + + +Type material. + +Holotype male: San Carlos Bay, Sonora, +Mexico +, 7.VII.1921, J.C. Chamberlin (CAS1435, examined). + + + +Other material examined. + +MEXICO +: Baja California: Meling Ranch, 26.V.1981, V. Roth, 1♂ (AMNH). Chihuahua: 19 mi SW Tejaban along Urique River, 19.V.1991, R.E. Stecker 1♂ (CAS); 10 mi SW Tejaban along Urique River, 11-15.V.1991, R.E. Stecker, 2♀, 1♂, 3 imm. (CAS); 25 mi SW Tejaban along Urique River, 20-23.V.1991, R.E. Stecker, 1♂ (CAS). Sinaloa: 40 miles south of +Culiacan +, 6.VIII.1956, V. Roth, W.J. Gertsch, 1♀ (AMNH). Sonora: Guaymas, under a rock on hill above Jamison's Dock, 3.IV.1964, W. Shear, 1♀ (AMNH); Guaymas, 24.VI.1943, F.J. Pough, 1♀ (AMNH); Guaymas, 14.IV.1921, J. C. Chamberlin, 1♀ (AMNH); Guaymas, 9.IV.1921, E.P. Van Duzee, 1♀ (AMNH); San Pedro Bay, 7.VII. 1921, J.C. Chamberlin (CAS1436); 15 miles west of Yecora, 4000', 7.VIII.1986, V. Roth, 1♀ (CAS); Navajoa, 1.VIII.1952, P., C. Vaurie, 1♂ (AMNH); Alamos, on building, 27.IV.1986, V. Roth, several (AMNH); Sonoran Highway on way to Yecora, +28°34'08.7"N +, +109°39'28.1"W +, 1512', 14.VII.2007, M. VanDam, 1♀ (EME sel_851). UNITED STATES: Arizona: Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mtns.,1.VI.1952, M. Cazier, W.J. Gertsch, R. Schrammel, 1♀ (AMNH); Cochise Co., 4 mi west of Portal, South fork of Cave Creek, 10.VI.1958, W.J, J.W. Gertsch, 1♀ (AMNH); Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mtns, SWRS, 5400', 5.VI.1965, D. Ligon, 1♀ (AMNH); Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mountains, South Fork of Cave Creek, 31.51 N, 109.12 W, 24.V.1963, W.J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, 1♂, 1♀ (AMNH); Mohave Co., South of Wickieup, 2.7 miles from Hwy 93, Burro Creek Crossing Road, 34°36'449"N, 113°28'921"W, S. Crews, L. Bell, 1♂ (CAS sel_001); Pima Co., Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, 10.VI.1952, M. Cazier, W. J. Gertsch, R. Schrammel, 1♂ (AMNH); Santa +Cruz +Co., Pena Blanca Lake, northwest of Nogales, 31.24 N, 111.05 W, 19.V.1963, W. J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, several (AMNH); Santa Cruz Co., 10 miles east of Nogales, 9.V.1961, W.J. Gertsch, 1♀, 1 imm. (AMNH); Santa Cruz Co., Santa Rita Mountains, Madera Canyon, 7.VI.1952, Cazier, Gertsch, Schrammel, 1♀ (AMNH - with a male, however, male cannot be confirmed as this species). Texas: Alpine Co, 30.VI.1965, running on ground, M.H. Muma, 1♂ (FSU); Brewster Co., Big Bend National Park, The Basin, 5400', 24.V.1965, K.W. Haller, 1♂ (AMNH); Presidio Co., 11 miles west of Valentine, VI.1948, Reagan, Flury, 2♀ (AMNH); Val Verde Co., 19 miles north of Comstock, 14.IV.1973, C. Soileau, 2♀, 1♂, 3 imm. (AMNH); Val Verde Co., Seminole Canyon, Hwy 90, under bridge, +29°42.523"N +, +101°18.138"W +, 18.XI.2004, along road, under rock, P. Paquin, PP-8804, 1 imm. (EME sel_208). + + + +Diagnosis. + +Males can be distinguished from +Selenops debilis +and +Selenops nesophilus +by a combination of the embolus beginning at the 5 o'clock position and a MA that is broad, but tapers suddenly to a finger-like extension. Additionally, the conductor and RTA are shaped differently than those of +Selenops debilis +and +Selenops nesophilus +(Figs 59-62). Females can be distinguished by a more triangular epigynal plate, with a distally narrower septum. Internally, there is a much smaller invagination of the posterodorsal fold than in the other two species, and the spermathecae consist of two nearly parallel branches extending anteriorly (Figs 55-56). + + + +Description. + +Holotype male: Color:carapace brownish-red; sternum red-brown; chelicerae reddish-brown; maxillae light yellow-brown, lightening to white distally; labium grey-brown, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally grey-brown, damaged; ventrally dusky grey with no markings; legs orange-brown, annulations no longer apparent on this specimen. Carapace:0.96 times longer than broad; Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.15, ALE 0.05, PME 0.20, PLE 0.33; interdistances AME-PME 0.05, PME-ALE 0.18, ALE-PLE 0.43. PME-PME 0.95 mm. ALE-ALE 1.58; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.40, PLE-PLE 1.95; clypeus 0.08 high. Mouthparts: chelicerae with a few stout setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:1.11 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:Leg formula 4321 (Muma, 1953); scopulae present on distal end of all 4 tarsi; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw toothed, rl claw with fewer teeth; Leg I, missing; Leg II, Fm pr 1 +-1- +1, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-2- +0, rl 1 +-1- +0, v 2 +-2- +2; Mt pr 1 +-1- +0, v 2-2, rl 1 +-1- +0; Leg III, Fm pr 1 +-1- +1, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-1- +0, rl 1 +-1- +0, v 2 +-1- +2; Mt v 2-2; Leg IV, Fm pr 1 +-1- +1, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-2- +0, rl 1 +-1- +0, v 2 +-2- +2; Mt pr 1 +-1- +0, v 2-2, rl 1 +-1- +0. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:Fm, spination dorsal 0 +-1- +4; cymbium ovoid in ventral view; conductor large, subangular structure arising mediolaterally, curved on one side and sinuous on the other, angular at bottom, tapering upwards with small hook distally, pointed toward 12 o'clock; embolus long, slender, curving around edge of bulb, beginning at 4 o'clock, terminating at 12 o'clock; MA located at 2 o'clock position, directed laterally, with short, very wide base and a long finger-like process; RTA with two branches, ventral process smaller of +the +two and blunt and curved, the lateral process a stout stalk with large nearly quadrangular process; tibial apophyses extend at least +1/4 +the length the cymbium in ventral view (Figs 53-54). Dimensions: Total length 8.60. Carapace length 4.25, width 4.45. Sternum length 2.00, width 1.80. Abdomen length 3.35, width 2.55. Pedipalp: Fm 1.50, Pt 0.30, Ti 0.75, Ta 1.00, total 3.55. Leg I: Missing. Leg II: Fm 5.50, Pt 2.00, Ti 5.00, Mt 4.75, Ta 2.00, total 18.75. Leg III: Fm 5.90, Pt 1.75, Ti 5.00, Mt and Ta missing. Leg IV: Missing. + + +Female (CAS 1436): Color:carapace (CAS 1436) brown-red (recent) dusky yellow with dark patches laterally; sternum (CAS 1436) red-brown (recent) light orange-brown darker at border; chelicerae (CAS 1436) reddish-brown (recent) dusky yellow with broad lateral brown stripes; maxillae (CAS 1436) red-brown lightening distally (recent) light brown lightening distally; labium (CAS 1436) red-brown, lightening distally (recent) orange-brown, dusky on sides, lightening distally; abdomen dorsally (CAS 1436) grey-brown, damaged (recent) grey to cream-colored, slightly damaged, markings not visible; ventrally (CAS 1436) dark grey (recent) cream-colored; legs (CAS 1436) orange-brown, markings not visible (recent) dusky cream with stripes, not present on retrolateral side of femur. Carapace:0.98 times longer than broad. Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.23, ALE 0.10, PME 0.35, PLE 0.53; interdistances AME-PME 0.05, PME-ALE 0.23, ALE-PLE 0.53. PME-PME 1.23. ALE-ALE 2.08; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.45, PLE-PLE 2.30; clypeus 0.23 high. Mouthparts:Chelicerae with stout setae medially and anteriorly; labium distally rounded. Sternum:1.13 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:Leg I only slightly shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 4321 (Muma, 1953); scopulae present on tarsi of all legs and metatarsi of legs I and II; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti v 2 +-2- +2; Mt v 2-2; leg II, Fm pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti v 2 +-2- +2; Mt v 2-2; leg III, Fm pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti v 2 +-2- +0; Mt v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1 +-1- +0, d 1 +-1- +1, rl 1 +-1- +1; Ti pr 1 +-0- +0, v 2 +-2- +0, rl 1 +-1- +0; Mt v 2-2. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:Claw with 11 teeth. Epigyne:epigynal plate triangular, narrow septum that widens and connects to what appear to be epigynal pockets, genital openings located where the septum begins to widen; internally, spermathecae simple, two branched cylindrical structures that extend anteriorly, with each branch nearly parallel to the other, though the outermost branches curve outward a bit; small posterodorsal fold present that doesn't cover any of the internal structures, and is just a very slight invagination of the bottom of the epigynal plate (Figs 55-56). Dimensions: Total length 8.68. Carapace: length 5.00 width 5.10. Sternum: length 2.25, width 2.00. Pedipalp: Fm 1.35, Pt 0.60, Ti 0.80, Ta 1.50, total 4.25. Leg I: Fm 5.00, Pt 1.80, Ti 4.00, Mt 3.50, Ta 1.75, total 16.05. Leg II: Missing. Leg III: Fm 5.80, Pt 2.00, Ti 4.65, Mt 4.00, Ta 1.75, total 18.20. Leg IV: Fm 5.75, Pt 2.00, Ti 4.75, Mt and Ta missing. + + + +Natural History. +Collected under rocks in the arid southwest (Fig. 198). + + +Distribution. + +Definitely found from Sonora, +Mexico +, east to west Texas (Map 7). It may also be found in other areas of desert southwest of North America. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A4/05/16A40581C7BAD94A56A9899EB7E905C4.xml b/data/16/A4/05/16A40581C7BAD94A56A9899EB7E905C4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d3f146f5951 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A4/05/16A40581C7BAD94A56A9899EB7E905C4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,193 @@ + + + +Die Milben in der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. Teil 10. Überfamilie Crotonioidea (I) + + + +Author + +Olszanowski, Z. + + + +Author + +Szywilewska-Szczykutowicz, A. + + + +Author + +Blaszak, C. + + + +Author + +Ehrnsberger, R. + +text + + +Spixiana + + +2007 + +30 + + +159 +167 + + + + +http://http://www.pfeil-verlag.de/04biol/pdf/spix30_2_02.pdf + +journal article +ORI11407 + + + + +Nothrus silvestris Nicolet, 1855 + + + + +Camisia biciliatus +: Oudemans 1902; non C. L. Koch, 1876 + + +Nothrus anauniensis sensu Berlese, 1885 +: Sitnikova 1975; non Canestrini et Fanzago, 1876 + + +Nothrus silvestris var. anauniensis +: Sellnick & Forsslund 1955 + + + + +Diagnose. +Laenge +des +Koerpers +: 710-810 µm. Interlamellarborsten verbreitern sich zur Spitze hin. Sensillus +borstenfoermig +, bedeckt mit seitlichen +Doernchen +mit hyaliner Scheide. Notogastralborsten +staebchenfoermig +, auf hinterem Teil des Schildes verbreitert, mit deutlichen Abzweigungen. Borsten h2 +laenger +als +uebrige +, charakteristisch +bogenfoermig +. Tarsus mit 1 oder 2 Krallen. + + + + +Verbreitung und +Oekologie +. Bis jetzt bekannt aus Holarktis und Neotropis. Bevorzugt deutlich Waldbiotope, kann aber auch auf Wiesen und im +Gebuesch +angetroffen werden. + + + + +Praeparate +aus der Kneissl-Sammlung + + +1. [K 1064, +Nothrus silvestris Nic. +]; 1 ex (ad), (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +2. [K 1066, +Nothrus silvestris Nic. +]; 1 ex (ad), (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +Praeparate +aus der Willmann-Sammlung + + +3. [W 178/13, +Nothrus biciliatus C. L. Koch +]; 1 ex (ad), (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +4. [W 178/17, +Nothrus biciliatus K. +]; 1 ex (ad), (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +5. [W 178/18, +Nothrus biciliatus C. L. K. +]; 1 ex (ad), (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +6. [W 178/22, * +Nothrus silesius +N. silvestris Nic. +]; 2 ex (ad) (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +Bemerkung: Im +Praeparat +zusaetzlich +1 Exemplar +N. pulchellus (Berlese, 1910) +. + + +7. [W 179/13, +Nothrus borussicus Selln. +]; 3 ex (ad), (C), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +Praeparate +aus der Vitzthum-Sammlung + + +8. [V 4093, +Nothrus silvestris Nic. var. Anauniensis Can. & Fanz. +(Prosopon, Nymphe)]; 2 ex (1d, 1ad), (B), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +9. [V 4107, +Nothrus silvestris Nic. var. anauniensis Can. & Fanz. +(W)]; 1 ex (ad), (A), det. Z. Olszanowski. + + +Praeparate +aus der Olszanowski-Sammlung + + +10. [ZO-075, +Nothrus silvestris +; + +Polen +, +Brzeziny neben Kalisz +, Kiefernwald, Mull von Kiefernstamm; + +22.07.1984 + +, leg. +Z. Olszanowski +]; 7 ex (ad), (A), det. Z. Olszanowski + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A4/25/16A42549D0A089AC2CA8AAE90FB2C6A3.xml b/data/16/A4/25/16A42549D0A089AC2CA8AAE90FB2C6A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06daaff8449 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A4/25/16A42549D0A089AC2CA8AAE90FB2C6A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + + +Callidora +Foerster +, 1869 + + + + + +PANTROPA +Foerster +, 1869 + + +NEOCALLIDORA +Ozols, 1966 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/0D/16A50D839C1A63F311FD7A729ADD7E6B.xml b/data/16/A5/0D/16A50D839C1A63F311FD7A729ADD7E6B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..160624d7100 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/0D/16A50D839C1A63F311FD7A729ADD7E6B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Breure, Abraham S. H. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, Leiden, the Netherlands +bbreure@xs4all.nl + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Natural History Museum, Division of Higher Invertebrates, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-03-21 + + +392 + + +1 +367 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 +1313-2970-392-1 +FFCF5A59FFB1FF93FFF10B43FFAFFFF5 +578044 + + + + +Bulimus koppeli Sowerby III, 1892 +Figs 24H +, L32iv + + + + +Bulimus koppeli +Sowerby III 1892: 297, pl. 23 figs 9-12; +Breure 1979 +: 120 (lectotype designation). + + +Drymaeus koppeli +; +Pilsbry 1899 +: pl. 6 figs 1-4; +Linares and Vera 2012 +: 195. + + + +Type locality. + +[Colombia] +"Bogota" +. + + + +Label. + +"Bogota" +, in da +Costa's +handwriting. + + + +Dimensions. +"Long. 25, diam. maj. 15 millim."; figured specimen herein H 25.5, D 15.0, W 5.6. + + +Type material. +NHMUK 1907.11.21.133, lectotype, 1907.11.21.134, one paralectotype (da Costa coll.). + + + +Remarks +. + + +Sowerby III (1892) described the species on the basis of "two specimens lent [to] me for description by Mr. Da Costa". The current systematic position follows +Richardson (1995) +. + + + +Current systematic position. + +Bulimulidae +, + +Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) koppeli + +(Sowerby III, 1892). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/52/16A5528B10ABDD39C0A92293A97657A9.xml b/data/16/A5/52/16A5528B10ABDD39C0A92293A97657A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ee06ae1e2b4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/52/16A5528B10ABDD39C0A92293A97657A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 3. Plumbaginaceae bis Compositae (2 nd edition): Unterfamilie _ tubuliflorae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292249 + +book +292249 +10.5281/zenodo.292249 +3-7643-0556-8 + + + +<subSubSection id="993D2A0A2C4F6EE07422F47735FD43BD" pageId="null" pageNumber="452" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="6018D942C3596C7DD135688834ECA7BA" pageId="null" pageNumber="452"> +<taxonomicName id="CB09B86A49B3B6918B64A64D59BFD71B" authority="Schrank" authorityName="Schrank" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="null" pageNumber="452" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolia">Centaurea angustifolia Schrank</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="490AC109AD86AA0241C4C8F557DBA54C" pageId="null" pageNumber="452" type="reference_group"> +<paragraph id="B958758237135B6851B03C2918710464" pageId="null" pageNumber="452"> +( +<taxonomicName id="5ED6DC3FCC0C7C548EC90CDCC0AA6DD2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="null" pageNumber="452" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amara"> +<emphasis id="A8BA8FD54BBE85B3F82E3CF872D33EB9" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="452">C. amara</emphasis> +</taxonomicName> +auct., +<taxonomicName id="9251157E16B73CA45D53BF720EE1FE60" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Centaurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="null" pageNumber="452" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pannonica"> +<emphasis id="26A1B593B1E95B0023ED3081A7E83D3B" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="452">C. pannonica</emphasis> +</taxonomicName> +[Heuffel] Hayek) +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="A83723E2BA89217D47C953F8BD553B6B" pageId="null" pageNumber="452" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="F86B60010D17DD313C94E20F8815CDBF" pageId="null" pageNumber="452"> +<normalizedToken id="1CD758041751F6BD90DB3110D4FC0887" originalValue="Schmalblättrige" pageId="null" pageNumber="452">Schmalblaettrige</normalizedToken> +Flockenblume +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Unterscheidet sich von + +C. +Jacea + +(Nr. 7c) durch folgende Merkmale: 20-150 cm hoch, meist mit +weissfilziger +Behaarung; + +Stengel meist bereits unterhalb der Mitte verzweigt, unterhalb der +Koepfe +reich +beblaettert +; + +untere +Blaetter +lanzettlich, meist im untern Teil der Pflanze mit wenigen, +unregelmaessig +fiederartigen Abschnitten, +die obern schmal lanzettlich, mindestens 8mal so lang wie breit; +die obersten +Blaetter +hoechstens +11/2 +mal so lang wie die +Huelle +der +Bluetenkoepfe +; +Huelle +der +bluehenden +Koepfe +0,9-1,4 cm dick, + +laenger +als dick. + +- +Bluete +: Sommer und Herbst ( +Bluehbeginn +fast 1 Monat +spaeter +als bei + +C. +Jacea Nr. + +7c). + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n += +44: +Material aus Frankreich (Guinochet 1956a, Gardou 1962 1967a), aus Ungarn (Baksay 1958), aus Frankreich und +Oesterreich +(Baltardive-Gardou 1970). Die von Guinochet (1956a) und von Gardou (1962) +erwaehnte +Zahl 2n = 22 +gehoert +zu nahe verwandten Sippen. + + +Standort +. Kollin, seltener montan oder subalpin. +Naehrstoffarme +, kalkhaltige, feuchte oder trockene, lehmige +Boeden +. Riedwiesen, Magerwiesen, +Bahndaemme +, +Gebuesche +. + + + +Verbreitung. +Europaeische +Pflanze: + +Nordwaerts +bis Mitteldeutschland und +Boehmen +; +suedwaerts +bis +Pyrenaeen +, Kalabrien und Thessalien; Nordwestafrika (?). - Im Gebiet verbreitet, ziemlich +haeufig +. + + +Bemerkungen +. Der Name + +C. angustifolia + +ist hier nur provisorisch gebraucht, da bereits ein alterer gleicher Name von Miller +fuer +eine +schmalblaettrige +Sippe von + +C. montana + +vorhanden ist. Es +muss +abgeklaert +werden, ob die Sippe identisch ist mit + +C. gracilior +Boreau + +, dann +koennte +dieser Name verwendet werden; auch die +Identitaet +mit + +C. pannonica +(Heuffel) Hayek + +ist nicht sicher. Weitere Unterscheidungsmerkmale +gegenueber + +C. +Jacea + +sind nach Baltardive-Gardou (1970): +Laenge +des zentralen +Bluetenkopfstiels +oberhalb der letzten Abzweigung so lang oder +laenger +als der seitliche +Bluetenkopfstiel +, mindestens 2/9 so lang wie die +Gesamthoehe +(bei + +C. +Jacea + +kuerzer +als der seitliche +Bluetenkopfstiel +und +hoechstens +2/9 so lang wie die +Gesamthoehe +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/91/16A591C822B85BFD9E3037DDB5EF53E6.xml b/data/16/A5/91/16A591C822B85BFD9E3037DDB5EF53E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f7a4ff9b5d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/91/16A591C822B85BFD9E3037DDB5EF53E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ + + + +An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera (Insecta) housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH): Part I. superfamilies Hepialoidea, Cossoidea, and Zygaenoidea + + + +Author + +Zahiri, Reza +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6274-6973 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Entomology Laboratory, Bldg. 18, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada +reza.zahiri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Tarmann, Gerhard +Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum der Tiroler Landesmuseen, Ferdinandeum, Krajnc-Strasse 1, 6060 Hall, Austria + + + +Author + +Efetov, Konstantin A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-7264 +Laboratory of Biotechnology and Department of Biological Chemistry, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, RU- 295051, Simferopol, Russia + + + +Author + +Rajaei, Hossein +Department Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Seidel, Matthias +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4913-8778 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Jaenicke, Birgit +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & Museum fuer Naturkunde, Invalidenstrasse 43; 10115 Berlin, Germany + + + +Author + +Dalsgaard, Thure +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Sikora, Marcy +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Husemann, Martin +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-6681 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + +text + + +Evolutionary Systematics + + +2021 + +2021-03-22 + + +5 + + +1 + + +39 +70 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62003 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62003 +2535-0730-1-39 +DEAAFC263BF64BAE9477135FC015082A +32A8ABA3497F5334A9B15F91274948F4 + + + + +8. +Phymatopus hecta ab. ornata (Bytinski-Salz, 1939) + + + + +Hepialus hecta ab. ornata +Bytinski-Salz, 1939: Ent. Rec. 51: 85. + + + +Original material examined. + + +Labelled +as + +" +Holotype +" + +( +ZMH 61357 +), +1♂ +(Fig. +8 +) + +. + +Thundersley, SX (Essex, Britain), +04.vii.1911 +, leg. +A.T. Stiff. +" +Hepialus +/ +hecta +/ ab. ornata / ByS / +Holotypus +m // +A.T. Stiff +, / Thundersley, SX. / +July 4 1911 +. // +Coll. Bytinski-Salz +/ Eing. Nr. 20-60 // ab. ornata / ByS. // +ZMH 61357 +" + +. + + + +Original locality. +Thundersley [Essex, Britain]. + + +Current status. +Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name. + + +Remarks. + +Bytinski-Salz (1939) +proposed this name as an aberration of a + +H. hecta + +, therefore it is deemed to be infrasubspecific, which is hence unavailable (Article 45.6.2, +ICZN 1999 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/95/16A595CB422720AB4951587C0FB8D01B.xml b/data/16/A5/95/16A595CB422720AB4951587C0FB8D01B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c0e20d73488 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/95/16A595CB422720AB4951587C0FB8D01B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Checklist of Fabaceae Lindley in Balaghat Ranges of Maharashtra, India + + + +Author + +Gore, Ramchandra + + + +Author + +Gaikwad, Sayajirao + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4541 +4541 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4541 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4541 +1314-2828-3-4541 + + + + +Indigofera glandulosa var. glandulosa Wendl. 1748 + + + +Materials + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: continent: Asia; country: +India +; countryCode: IN; stateProvince: Maharashtra; municipality: Ambajogai; locality: +Near Talni +; verbatimLatitude: 18° +44.377N +; verbatimLongitude: 76° +30.592E +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: month: August-January; fieldNumber: RDG- 020; fieldNotes: Erect herbs; Record Level: institutionCode: +Wachland College of Arts & Science, Solapur (WCAS). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/AE/16A5AE6FEE9BC76C07CA49417C34DBB1.xml b/data/16/A5/AE/16A5AE6FEE9BC76C07CA49417C34DBB1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a9734c38a36 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/AE/16A5AE6FEE9BC76C07CA49417C34DBB1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Phalaena brumata +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + + +P. +Geometra +seticornis, alis griseo-fuscis striga nigra postice pallidioribus; femina aptera. + + +Fn. svec. +921. @/ +Reaum. ins. +2. +t. +30. +f. +8, 9. + + +Raj. ins. +369. +n. +9. +s. +181. +n. +4. @/ +De Geer ins. +1. +t. +24. +f. +11, 19. + + + + +Habitat in +Pomonae +arboribus, quas misere devastat, octobri +ova ponens. Amoen. acad. 3. +p. +349. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/C2/16A5C2AA2B7FB9F767981B8FC545414D.xml b/data/16/A5/C2/16A5C2AA2B7FB9F767981B8FC545414D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dcc645066eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/C2/16A5C2AA2B7FB9F767981B8FC545414D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +Euglossa williamsi, a new species of orchid bee from the Amazon Basin of Ecuador and Peru, with notes on its taxonomic association and biogeography (Hymenoptera, Apidae) + + + +Author + +Hinojosa-Diaz, Ismael A. + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +159 + + +49 +63 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2239 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.159.2239 +1313-2970-159-49 + + + + + +Euglossa williamsi +Hinojosa-Diaz +& Engel + +sp. n. +Figs 114 + + + +Holotype. +♂, labeled: "ECUADOR, Napo; September 1987; Dressler, Wille,; Whitten, Williams // caryophyllene; oxide". The holotype is in the Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. + + +Paratype. + +♂, labeled: "PERU: Pasco Dept,; Villa Rica-Puerto Bermudas [ +Bermudez +] Rd.; 910 m. +10°34'18"S +, +75°5'30"W +; 17 OCT 1999, D.Brzoska; D.Velasquez, PERU 1B99 047; ex: methyl salicylate // [barcode]; SM0148018; KUNHM-ENT // Euglossa; spp.; det. R. W. Brooks 19 [first two lines handwritten, year missing last two digits]". The paratype is in the Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Lawrence, Kansas. + + + +Diagnosis. +Labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching sixth metasomal sternum; entire body with a dominant blue-green (teal) coloration, green iridescence, and some purple highlights (Figs 1-4, 7-8); paraocular ivory marks narrow, restricted to laterally-facing areas contiguous to compound eyes; ivory spot on antennal scape greatly reduced, present laterally on upper half of scape (Figs 3-4); anterior mesotibial tuft oblong, composed of pale, plumose setae getting darker posteriorly; posterior tuft reduced, semicircular, appearing as a continuation of anterior tuft (although differentiated from it) (Fig. 6); metatibia trapezoidal (distal third of posterodorsal margin parallel to anterior margin) (Fig. 8); second metasomal sternum with no integumental modifications (Fig. 7); punctation of mesal area of mesoscutellum, postero-ventral outer surface of metatibia, and mesal area of last two metasomal terga composed of large punctures separated by more than two puncture diameters (Figs. 1, 7-8); eighth metasomal sternum of male with posterior section triangular (lateral edges straight) (Fig. 10); dorsal process of gonocoxite broader than long; posterior margin of apical process of gonocoxite oblique (inner-posterior corner displaced posteriad) (Fig. 12); lateral area of gonostylar process of gonocoxite pronged; lateral section of gonostylus large, concave surface facing inwards and covered with dense, minutely-branched setae, gonostylar ventral lobe only differentiated apically as an acute apex (Figs. 12-14). + + +Figures 1-2. +Euglossa williamsi +Hinojosa-Diaz +and Engel sp. n., male holotype 1 Dorsal habitus 2 Lateral habitus. + + + + +Figures 3-8. +Euglossa williamsi +Hinojosa-Diaz +and Engel sp. n. male holotype 3 Facial aspect 4 Lateral aspect of mesepisterum showing preomaular spot (arrow) 5 Outer surface of mesotibia 6 Mesotibial tufts 7 Ventral view of metasoma showing the absence of integumental modifications on second sternum (arrow) 8 Outer view of metatibia. + + + + +Figures 9-14. Male genitalic features of +Euglossa williamsi +Hinojosa-Diaz +and Engel sp. n. 9 Seventh metasomal sternum, ventral aspect 10 Eighth metasomal sternum, ventral aspect 11 Eighth metasomal sternum, lateral aspect 12 Genitalic capsule, dorsal aspect 13 Genitalic capsule, ventral aspect 14 Genitalic capsule, lateral aspect. + + + + +Description. + +♂: Structure. Total body length 10.00 mm; labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching sixth metasomal sternum. Head length 2.85 mm, width 4.30 mm; upper interorbital distance 2.00 mm; lower interorbital distance 2.00 mm; upper clypeal width 1.11 mm; lower clypeal width 1.95 mm; clypeal protuberance 0.78 mm; medial clypeal ridge well developed, paramedial clypeal ridges undistinguishable (obscured by punctation); labrum square, slightly wider than long, length 1.04 mm, width 1.11 mm; medial labral ridge sharp; paramedial labral ridges weak, oblique, almost reaching distal margin of labrum; labral windows ovoid, occupying proximal half of labrum; interocellar distance 0.30 mm; ocellocular distance 0.68 mm; first +flagellomere +as long (0.33 mm) as second and third flagellomeres combined (0.33 mm); length of malar area 0.15 mm. Mandible bidentate. Pronotal dorso-lateral angle slightly obliquely truncate; upper section of preomaular area with a noticeable brown, flat, polished oval surface contiguous to pronotal lobe (preomaular spot) (Fig. 4); intertegular distance 3.93 mm; mesoscutal length 2.48 mm; mesoscutellar length 1.26 mm +; +mesal area of mesoscutum concave; posterior margin of mesoscutellum weakly convex (Fig. 1); mesotibial length 2.00 mm; mesobasitarsal length 1.93 mm, width 0.67 mm (as measured at proximal posterior keel), posterior keel projected in a rounded obtuse angle; metatibial shape trapezoidal (distal third of posterodorsal margin parallel to anterior margin) (Fig. 8), metatibial anterior margin length 3.11 mm, ventral margin length 2.22 mm, postero-dorsal margin length 3.93 mm, maximum metatibial thickness 1.11 mm; metatibial organ slit narrow, basal section oval, small (length 0.37 mm), distal section spur-shaped, separated from ventral margin by its own length, maximum width occupying about one-fifth of metatibial outer surface width (Fig. 8); metabasitarsal length 1.93 mm, mid-width 0.89 mm; metabasitarsal ventral margin oblique (forming obtuse angle with anterior margin). Forewing length 8.00 mm; jugal comb +with +13 blades; hind wing with 18 hamuli. Maximum metasomal width 4.07 mm; second metasomal sternum lacking integumental modifications (Fig. 7). + +Coloration. Head with a combination of blue-green (teal) and green areas as follows: frons and clypeal disc blue-green, antennal depressions green, paraocular areas mainly green fading into blue-green along epistomal sulcus, vertex dark blue-green anteriorly, green on posterolateral sections, gena green fading into blue-green along narrow margin of compound eye and smooth lower third; hypostoma green; epistomal sulcus and medial clypeal ridge very dark, this last with faint coppery hue; paraocular ivory marks narrow, restricted to laterally-facing areas contiguous to compound eyes, ivory color surrounded by thin brown margin; lower lateral parts of clypeus ivory, amber-translucent at edge; labrum ivory; labral anterior and posterior edges as well as labral windows amber-translucent; malar area mainly ivory (brown on narrow areas of anterior and posterior extremes); mandible ivory on outer surface, teeth and ridges brown; antennal scape, pedicel and first fagellomere dark brown, remaining flagellomeres light brown on anterior surface, dark brown on posterior surface; scape with greatly reduced ivory spot, present laterally on upper half (Figs 3-4). Pronotum green/blue-green iridescent, appearing mainly blue-green on anterior section of dorsum and dark blue-green on anterior-facing surface of pronotal lobe; mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, and tegula blue-green with green iridescence (Figs 1-2); lateral-facing surface of mesepisternum mainly green with blue-green iridescence (mainly blue-green on upper area contiguous to pronotal lobe) (Fig. 4); preomaular area with a large brown oval-shaped area (preomaular spot) on upper half (Fig. 4), otherwise blue-green; metepisternum and propodeum green with blue-green iridescence; pro- and mesocoxa and pro- and mesotrochanter brown with strong blue-green iridescence; profemur, protibia and probasitarsus with dominant blue-green iridescence; mesofemur with some purple iridescence on anterior surface otherwise with blue-green, mesotibia similarly colored except purple coloration stronger, mesobasitarsus blue-green on outer surface; hind leg with all podites (except metatarsomeres beyond metabasitarsus) blue-green on outer surfaces and few purple highlights; tarsomeres beyond basitarsi of all legs brown, pretarsal claws with yellow shaft and brown tips (Fig. 2); wings hyaline with brown veins and light green and coppery hue (Figs 1-2). First to fourt hmetasomal terga blue-green with green iridescence; fifth to seventh terga mainly green, all with faint purple highlights (highlights stronger on ventrolateral sections of first metasomal tergum) (Figs 1-2); sterna green with blue-green iridescence mesally and golden iridescence laterally (Fig. 7). + +Sculpturing. Face densely areolate-punctate, areole-punctures strong, about one-third median ocellar diameter on clypeal disc, smaller on frons (nearly one-tenth of median ocellar diameter) (Fig. 3); vertex on anterior ocellar area smooth with scattered round punctures; gena shallowly areolate, smooth on a narrow streak close to compound eye (except for scattered large punctures on upper margin) and particularly on lower area close to hypostoma. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum punctate, mesoscutal puncture size about one-quarter of median ocellar diameter on anterola +teral +corners and posterior margin, where they are also denser (contiguous), punctures smaller (about one-eighth of median ocellar diameter) and sparser (separated by at least one puncture diameter) on mesal area along median mesoscutal line, intermixed with some very minute punctures (Fig. 1); mesoscutellar punctures of two sizes, most as big as about one-third of median ocellar diameter, intermixed with scarcer minute punctures, punctation denser along posterior margin (contiguous punctures), and sparse on mesal area of mesoscutellar disc where punctures are separated by more than two puncture diameters leaving large smooth areas (Fig. 1); mesepisternal lateral-facing surface with sculpturing similar to that on lower frons or clypeal disc, punctures becoming slightly larger towards venter (Figs 2, 4); preomaular area with shallow punctures on metallic integument (not on preomaular spot), preomaular spot with polished edge and smooth-minutely imbricate main central area (Fig. 4); metatibial punctures equivalent in size to those on mesoscutellar central area, denser (separated by no more than a puncture diameter) along anterior margin, getting sparser (separated by two to three puncture diameters) towards posterior area, such that there is smooth integument on contact area with metatibial organ slit (Fig. 8). First metasomal tergum with anterolateral corners sculpturing comparable to that on anterolatreral corners of mesoscutum, quarter along anterior margin punctures as on mesoscutellar disc, posterior three-quarters densely punctate, punctures shallow, slightly smaller than those on median area of mesoscutum, leaving a narrow smooth area along posterior margin, ventrolateral sections polished; second to fourth terga with punctation as on posterior three-quarters of first tergum except larger and sparser punctures on lateral bending areas; anterior portion of fifth tergum with punctation as on preceding terga, punctures becoming progressively larger posteriorly, mesal section with median longitudinal smooth area; sixth and seventh terga punctures considerably larger and sparser, punctation comparable to that on mesoscutellum (Fig. 7); first metasomal sternum smooth; second metasomal sternum with anterolateral and lateral areas next to margins of contacting terga smooth, otherwise punctation comparable to that on sixth tergum, except mesally where punctures become smaller and shallower, posterior margin with smooth band all along; remaining sterna similarly punctuate, except denser punctures (Fig. 7). + + +Vestiture. Frontal fringe composed of two kinds of dense setae, some dark brown, minutely serrate, others fulvous, plumose, both evenly combined and about as long as two mid-ocellar diameters; clypeus and labrum with scattered, shorter brown and light setae, appearing simple, mandibular outer surface with similar setae but shorter; paraocular areas with moderately dense, pale, minutely-branched setae, becoming longer towards epistomal sulcus, area contiguous to upper section of epistomal sulcus with moderately dense, dark brown, minutely-serrate setae, as long as fringe setae; antennal depressions with dense, appressed, fulvous, plumose setae; vertex with scattered, fulvous, simple, minute setae on smooth area anterior to ocelli, some scattered, dark, simple setae on lateral areas contiguous to compound eye margin, central area of ocellar triangle and posterior section of vertex with moderately dense, dark, minutely-serrate, long setae, those on posterior margin nearly twice as long as those on fringe +and +intermixed with some shorter, fulvous, simple setae; gena with dense, fulvous, plumose setae, appearing simple on upper posterior area and increasing in size towards lower genal section, continuous with simpler setae along ventral mandibular margin, some scattered, dark, simple, short setae along compound eye margin; antennal scape and pedicel with scattered, dark, short, simple setae; flagellum covered with dense, fulvous, simple, minute setae (Figs 3-4). Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum covered with combination of setae similar to that of frontal fringe, slightly sparser and distributed in same pattern described for punctation; pronotal lobes densely covered by fulvous, plumose setae as long as those on fringe, intermixed with dark, minutely-serrate setae; lateral-facing surface of mesepisternum, metepisternum and propodeum covered by, dense, fulvous, plumose setae as long as those on frontal fringe, preomaular area uncovered on preomaular spot, otherwise with dense, fulvous, plumose setae shorter than those on lateral areas of mesosoma (Fig. 4); foreleg with moderately dense fulvous setae from procoxa to protibia, short and appearing simple on most surfaces, except posterior surfaces of profemur (especially) and protibia, where setae are of same nature as on lateral areas of mesosoma; basitarsus with dense, yellowish, sturdier setae on inner surface; chemical gathering tufts on second through fourth protarsomeres made of dense, orange, long, setae; mid- and hind legs with general vestiture similar to foreleg except as follows: coxae with dense plumose setae; basitarsi with dense, brownish, sturdy clothing on inner surfaces (mesobasitarsus with three major wavy setae); mesotibia with dense, simple, yellowish setae directed downwards on anterior surface, shorter scattered setae on posterior surface, microtrichia on outer mesotibial surface (velvety area) composed of dense, fulvous, simple, minute setae; anterior margin of velvety area concave, anterior mesotibial tuft oblong, diagonally oriented, composed of dense, pale, plumose setae becoming darker posteriorly; posterior tuft reduced, appearing as a semicircular posterior continuation of anterior tuft (although differentiated from it) (Fig. 6); metatibia with rather scattered setae on outer surface; metatibial organ slit closed with brown setae (Fig. 8). Metasomal terga appearing bare, but covered with dense, fulvous, simple minute setae with some scattered, dark sturdier setae, anterolateral corners of first tergum, lateral sections of second and third terga, and posterior margin of seventh tergum with long setae; second to sixth metasomal sterna covered with moderately dense, fulvous, simple, long setae, as long as those on frontal fringe, becoming sparser towards mesal area (Fig. 7). + + +Terminalia. Seventh metasomal sternum with posterior invagination bearing a fringe of simple setae on each side of invaginated area (Fig. 9); eighth metasomal sternum with posterior section triangular (dorsal or ventral view), lateral edges of posterior section straight or at most very shallowly invaginated (Fig. 10); posterior section covered with scattered, short, simple setae; dorsal surface of posterior section strongly convex (Fig. 11). Dorsal process of gonocoxite broader than long, appearing more like a semicircle; posterior margin of apical process of gonocoxite oblique (inner-posterior corner displaced posteriad) (Fig. 12); lateral area of gonostylar process of gonocoxite pronged; spatha surface with transversal-diagonal striae; lateral section of gonostylus large, extended with a concave surface facing inwards and covered with dense, m +inutely-branched +setae, gonostylar ventral lobe not very well differentiated from whole lateral section, but extended apically as an acute apex (Figs 12-14). + +♀: Unknown. + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is a patronym honoring Dr. Norris Williams, curator at the Florida Museum of Natural History, who granted access to the holotype and was also part of the team that collected it, and in recognition of his numerous contributions toward understanding the euglossine fauna. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/DC/16A5DC329779D922FC97D7494A6E43A4.xml b/data/16/A5/DC/16A5DC329779D922FC97D7494A6E43A4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7106f7fa03b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/DC/16A5DC329779D922FC97D7494A6E43A4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +Scarabaeinae dung beetles from Ecuador: a catalog, nomenclatural acts, and distribution records + + + +Author + +Chamorro, William + + + +Author + +Marin-Armijos, Diego + + + +Author + +senjo, Angelico + + + +Author + +Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +826 + + +1 +343 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.826.26488 +1313-2970-826-1 +B1550A3AE54744509A44BC4366D5E110 + + + + +Ateuchus connexus (Harold, 1868) +Plate 4A + + + + +Choeridium connexum +Harold, 1868a: 36 (characters in key), 55 (original description. Type locality: Ega [= +Tefe +]). + + +Choeridium connexum +: +Gemminger and Harold 1869 +: 1007 (list, distribution); +Gillet 1911a +: 52 (list, distribution); +Balthasar 1939a +: 60 (characters in key); +Blackwelder 1944 +: 204 (list of species for Latin America); +Roze 1955 +: 43 (list of species for Venezuela). + + +Ateuchus connexus +: +Vulcano and Pereira 1967 +: 589 (new combination, characters in key); +Vaz-de-Mello 2000 +: 190 (cited for Brazil); +Hamel-Leigue et al. 2006 +: 12 (cited for Bolivia); +Krajcik 2012 +: 49 (complete list of species); +Ratcliffe et al. 2015 +: 196 (cited for Peru); +Chamorro et al. 2018 +: 91 (cited for Ecuador). + + + +Type specimens. + +Choeridium connexum +Harold, 1868. Two syntypes examined deposited at the MNHN (ex coll. R +Oberthuer +and ex coll. HW Bates). Lectotype to be designated in a future work on this species group. + + + +Distribution. +Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela. + + +Records examined. + +ORELLANA: Parque Nacional +Yasuni +, +Estacion +de Biodiversidad Tiputini, 220 m USFQ (3 specimens CEMT). + + + +Temporal data. +Collected in June and July. + + +Remarks. +Inhabits the lowland evergreen forests of the Amazon region at 220 m a.s.l. Collected with flight interception traps and pitfall traps baited with human feces. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A5/DD/16A5DDBC65E24622FBDFBE8A1BF51C62.xml b/data/16/A5/DD/16A5DDBC65E24622FBDFBE8A1BF51C62.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d56571addaa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A5/DD/16A5DDBC65E24622FBDFBE8A1BF51C62.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +First records of the jewel beetles Chrysobothrisdesmaresti (Laporte & Gory, 1836) and Hiperanthastempelmanni Berg, 1889 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Bolivia + + + +Author + +Perger, Robert + + + +Author + +Guerra, Fernando + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4178 +4178 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4178 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4178 +1314-2828-3-4178 + + + + +Hiperantha stempelmanni Berg, 1889 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Robert Perger; Fernando Guerra +; individualCount: +15 +; behavior: foraging in Acacia flowers; Taxon: scientificName: Hiperanthastempelmanni; scientificNameAuthorship: Berg, 1889; Location: higherGeography: South America, Bolivia, Andes, Tarija, +Tariquia +National Reserve, Salinas Valley; continent: South America; country: +Bolivia +; stateProvince: Tarija; municipality: +O'Connor +; locality: +Salinas Valley +; verbatimElevation: 1118 m; verbatimCoordinates: 21 45 19S 64 13 27W; decimalLatitude: +-21.755278 +; decimalLongitude: +-64.224167 +; Identification: identifiedBy: Chuck Bellamy; Event: samplingProtocol: +beating sheet +; samplingEffort: five hours; year: 2011; month: 12; day: 24; habitat: Acacia trees; Record Level: institutionID: +Coleccion +Boliviana de Fauna + + + + +Distribution +Argentina: Cordoba, Salta, Santiago del Estero and Tucuman departments; Bolivia: Tarija department. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A6/5D/16A65D22533410EFDCB45935D0E91452.xml b/data/16/A6/5D/16A65D22533410EFDCB45935D0E91452.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71e3fcc5550 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A6/5D/16A65D22533410EFDCB45935D0E91452.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +Annotated type catalogue of lymnaeid snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the collection of the Natural History Museum, Berlin + + + +Author + +Vinarski, Maxim V. + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2016 + +92 + + +1 + + +131 +152 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.8107 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.8107 +1860-0743-1-131 +2589CECEF1F54D0FAC4EF032A70FB03F + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hygrophila Lymnaeidae + + + + +opacus +"Ziegler" + +Fig. 62 + + + + +Limnaea opaca +Dupuy 1851 +: 473. + + +Limnaeus pereger var. opacus +von +Gallenstein 1852 +: 43. + + +Limnaea peregra var. opaca +Moquin-Tandon 1855 +: 468. + + + +Material. +Two shells collected in Carniolia and kept in ZMB under accession number 109755. The largest of two shells is 10.0 mm height. + + +Current taxonomic allocation. + +Possibly a synonym of +Radix (Peregriana) peregra +auct. = +Radix labiata +sensu +Falkner et al. 2002 +. + + + +Remark. + +Though a few authors of the 19th century used this taxon name ( +Dupuy 1851 +; von +Gallenstein 1852 +; +Moquin-Tandon 1855 +), I could not trace the source where it was described originally. Perhaps, it should be considered as one of those numerous "manuscript names" attributed to the authorship of Ziegler (see also comment to +Limnaeus compactus +above). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A6/78/16A678F3F4915D5E91AD7BEC646B7C22.xml b/data/16/A6/78/16A678F3F4915D5E91AD7BEC646B7C22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..645130989e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A6/78/16A678F3F4915D5E91AD7BEC646B7C22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,308 @@ + + + +The first representatives of the millipede family Glomeridellidae (Diplopoda, Glomerida) recorded from China and Indochina + + + +Author + +Liu, Weixin +Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushanlu, Guangzhou 510642, China +da2000wei@163.com + + + +Author + +Golovatch, Sergei +Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +954 + + +1 +15 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.954.54694 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.954.54694 +1313-2970-954-1 +3879B114B4034407B7B0ED5B8B826CC6 +FDC60FB2C83C528A8A3B21F4C6178613 + + + + +Tonkinomeris huzhengkuni +sp. nov. +Figures 1 +, 2 +, 3 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +: ♂ (SCAU TY01), China, Guizhou Province, Tongren City, Jiangkou County, Baishuidong Scenic Area, +27.652873N +, +108.795223E +, 450 m a.s.l., 25.XI.2019, Zhengkun Hu leg. +Paratype +: 1 ♀ (SCAU TY02), same data as for holotype. + + + +Name. +Honours Mr Huzhengkun, the collector and a millipede fan. A noun in genitive case. + + +Diagnosis. + +Differs from + +T. napoensis + +Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, the sole other species of the genus ( +Nguyen et al. 2019 +), by the larger body size (> 11 mm vs 9.6 mm), the more numerous ommatidia (at least 6+1 vs 5+1), the glabrous, but caudomedially produced posterior margins of ♂ tergites 8-11 (vs unmodified in both sexes), the vivid, peculiar, sexually dimorphic colour pattern (vs even more vivid, but the same in both sexes), and some structural details of the telopods: the much higher central lobe and the much shorter horns of ♂ syncoxite 19 (vs the opposite), the shape and armament of both telopod pairs, the less strongly reduced, 4-segmented ♂ telopodites 17 (vs 2-segmented), etc. (see Discussion below). + + + +Description. + +Body length of holotype ♂ ca 12.5 mm, width of thoracic shield ca 8.0 mm (broadest), height of thoracic shield ca 4.2 mm (highest). Body length of paratype ♀, 11.2 mm, width of thoracic shield ca 7.1 mm (broadest), height of thoracic shield ca 4.0 mm (highest). Coloration (Fig. +1 +): body rather uniformly blackish, but with slightly yellowish edges. Dorsal pattern marbled yellow-brownish: collum with a small, rounded, central spot anteriorly and a paramedian pair of larger, transversely ovoid, lateral spots (Fig. +1D +); thoracic shield and tergites 3-11 each with a similar, but much larger pair of lateral spots and a yellowish, but slightly purplish, median, narrow, axial stripe. Anal shield (= pygidium) of ♂ without stripe (Figs +1F +, +2D +), but ♀ with a distinct, yellowish, median, triangular spot near caudal margin (Fig. +1C +). Head largely dark brown, only labrum and +Toemoesvary's +organ lighter, grey-yellowish. Antennomeres 3-6 brownish, slightly purplish, remaining antennomeres light yellow-brown. Venter and podomeres 1 and 2 entirely light grey-yellowish, remaining podomeres dark brown, slightly purplish (Fig. +1B, D +). + + + +Figure 1. +Habitus of + +Tonkinomeris huzhengkuni + +sp. nov. +A +Live coloration of ♂ holotype +B, C +body of ♀ paratype, ventral and dorsal views, respectively +D-F +body of ♂ holotype, ventral, lateral and dorsal views, respectively. + + + +Head +: mandibles (Fig. +3B, C +) equal in both sexes, each with a large external tooth and a smaller internal tooth, the latter with four cusps. Molar plate with a long membranous fringe and a groove. At least seven rows of pectinate lamellae and a scaly intermediate area. Gnathochilarium (Fig. +3A +) equal in both sexes, unmodified, typical of +Glomerida +. Left and right eyes asymmetrical, with 9+1/10+1 (♂) (Fig. +2A +) or 8+1/6+1 (♀) (Fig. +1B +) ommatidia. +Toemoesvary's +organ transversely oval, ca 1.6 times wider than long (Fig. +2A +). Lengths of antennomeres: 6>>3>4=5>1=2>7 (Fig. +1B, D +). Antennomere 6 ca 2.6 times as long as high. Antennomere 8 with four small, apical, sensory cones. + + +Collum +with two complete transverse striae (Fig. +1D +). Thoracic shield with a narrow hyposchism extending past caudal tergal margin; about 12 or 13 superficial transverse striae laterally and dorsolaterally, but five or six confusedly arranged and incomplete. One or two starting below, one in front of schism, all others above schism, with three crossing the dorsum; mid-dorsal region with five additional, incomplete, broken, confused, mostly short striolae behind last regular stria (Fig. +1E +). Tergites: surface smooth and shining, only paratergites with three or four short, incomplete, and superficial striae (Fig. +1E +). Tergite 9 in ♂ drawn posteriad into a small, triangular, glabrous (non-dentate), median lobe (Fig. +2D +), this being very week also in tergites 8, 10, and 11. Pygidium in both sexes uneven medially at caudal margin; in ♂ clearly impressed and concave centro-dorsally and with two very small, paramedian, flattened and rounded knobs (Figs +1D-F +, +2D +), in ♀ only slightly flattened dorsocaudally (Fig. +1C +). + + + +Figure 2. + +Tonkinomeris huzhengkuni + +sp. nov., ♂ holotype. +A +Right side of head +B +left leg 1 +C +right leg 2 with gonopore +D +posterior part of body, dorsal view +E +left leg 9. Abbreviations: +cx +: coxa, +f +: femur, +go +: gonopore, +O +: ommatidia, +ta +: tarsus, +To +: +Toemoesvary's +organ, +8-11 +refer to tergite numbers. + + + +Legs +long and slender. All podomeres densely setose, setae mostly being short. Coxae 1-16 each with a short, well-rounded, spinigerous, apico-mesal projection, this being especially evident in coxae 1 and 2 (Fig. +2B, C +). Coxae 4-21 each with a similar apico-lateral process. Tarsi 1-16 each with two irregular transverse rows of 7-8+7-8 dorsal spines and 9-12+9-12 ventral spines (Fig. +2B, C, E +). Femur 9, 2.4 times, tarsus 6.5 times longer than wide (Fig. +2E +). + + +Male sexual characters +: gonopore small, oval, with a few short setae around (Fig. +2C +). Legs 17 (Fig. +4A +) strongly reduced, very densely micropilose throughout. Coxae membranous, contiguous, but clearly separated medially. Each coxa with a very large, rather regularly rounded, outer lobe and a small, rounded, distomedial, setigerous finger. Telopodite 4-segmented, telopoditomere 2 largest, subrectangular, about twice as long as telopoditomere 1 or telopoditomeres 3 and 4 combined. +Anterior telopods +(Fig. +4B, C +) also very densely micropilose throughout. Syncoxite (=?coxosternum) membranous, on either side with a small rounded lobule at base of telopoditomere 1. Telopodite 4-segmented, with a spine apically. Telopoditomere 1 subrectangular, 1.2 times longer than wide. Telopoditomere 2 largest, a little swollen ventro-parabasally, its apico-mesal tooth on caudal face bulged at base, sharp apically and extending to basal 1/4 telopoditomere 3. The latter subtrapezoid, its apico-mesal tooth on caudal face small, rounded, projecting above base of a subcylindrical telopoditomere 4. +Posterior telopods +(Fig. +4D-G +) particularly strongly incrassate, likewise very densely micropilose throughout. A large, high, thick, and roundish syncoxite placed on a large membranous sternite, with a high, roundish, median lobe closely flanked by two inconspicuous, short, spiniform, obliquely truncate, setose horns (Fig. +3G +), each latter being much shorter than syncoxital lobe. Telopodite 4-segmented, with a spine apically. Telopoditomere 1 squarish, with a very small distomesal, setigerous cone (a strongly reduced trichostele). Telopoditomere 2 with a prominent, finger-shaped, distomesal process on caudal face, produced apically to ca 1/3 telopoditomere 3. The latter elongate, gently tapering distad and curved apically basad towards process on telopoditomere 2, with another, much smaller, caudad curved, caudolateral process. Telopoditomere 4 smallest, subcylindrical, erect, clearly shifted anteriad, subtended by and reaching the distal end of telopoditomere 3. + + +Vulva +(Fig. +3D +) densely setose, large, covering 1/2 coxa 2. + + + +Figure 3. + +Tonkinomeris huzhengkuni + +sp. nov., ♀ paratype. +A +Gnathochilarium, ventral view, +in situ +B, C +left mandible, mesal and subfrontal views, respectively +D +coxae 2 with vulvae. Abbreviations: +ca +: cardines of gnathochilarium, +et +: external tooth, +gu +: gula, +iA +: intermediate area, +ip +: inner palpus, +it +: inner tooth, +ll +: lamellae linguales, +lp +: lateral palpus, +m +: mentum, +md +: basal joint of mandible, +mf +: membranous fringe, +mg +: molar groove, +mp +: molar plate, +pl +: pectinate lamellae, +st +: stipites, +vu +: vulvae. + + + + +Figure 4. + +Tonkinomeris huzhengkuni + +sp. nov., ♂ holotype. +A +Left leg17, oral view +B +right anterior telopod, oral view +C +right anterior telopod, caudal view +D-F +left posterior telopod, oral, mesal and caudal views, respectively +G +tip of syncoxital horn, caudal view. Abbreviations: +cx +: coxa, +st +: sternite, +sx +: syncoxite, +t1-t4 +: telopoditomeres 1-4. Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( +A-C +, left); 0.5 mm ( +D-G +, right). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A6/97/16A697E87CFCBA257A21A25171A05D65.xml b/data/16/A6/97/16A697E87CFCBA257A21A25171A05D65.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1e86fdb47fd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A6/97/16A697E87CFCBA257A21A25171A05D65.xml @@ -0,0 +1,225 @@ + + + +New records and detailed distribution and abundance of selected arthropod species collected between 1999 and 2011 in Azorean native forests + + + +Author + +Borges, Paulo A. V. + + + +Author + +Gaspar, Clara + + + +Author + +Crespo, Luis Carlos Fonseca + + + +Author + +Rigal, Francois + + + +Author + +Cardoso, Pedro + + + +Author + +Pereira, Fernando + + + +Author + +Rego, Carla + + + +Author + +Amorim, Isabel R. + + + +Author + +Melo, Catarina + + + +Author + +Aguiar, Carlos + + + +Author + +Andre, Genage + + + +Author + +Mendonca, Enesima P. + + + +Author + +Ribeiro, Servio + + + +Author + +Hortal, Joaquin + + + +Author + +Santos, Ana M. C. + + + +Author + +Barcelos, Luis + + + +Author + +Enghoff, Henrik + + + +Author + +Mahnert, Volker + + + +Author + +Pita, Margarida T. + + + +Author + +Ribes, Jordi + + + +Author + +Baz, Arturo + + + +Author + +Sousa, Antonio B. + + + +Author + +Vieira, Virgilio + + + +Author + +Wunderlich, Joerg + + + +Author + +Parmakelis, Aristeidis + + + +Author + +Whittaker, Robert J. + + + +Author + +Quartau, Jose Alberto + + + +Author + +Serrano, Artur R. M. + + + +Author + +Triantis, Kostas A. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10948 +10948 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10948 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10948 +1314-2828-4-10948 + + + + +Polydesmus coriaceus Porat, 1871 + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Introduced + + + +Distribution +COR; FLO*; FAI; PIC; GRA; SJG*; TER; SMG; SMR + + +Notes +Also present: CAN (Biogeographical Realm: Western Palearctic) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A6/B8/16A6B849497B525A9F3671228BFD54C4.xml b/data/16/A6/B8/16A6B849497B525A9F3671228BFD54C4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07f50b6641a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A6/B8/16A6B849497B525A9F3671228BFD54C4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda, Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue + + + +Author + +Pall-Gergely, Barna +Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Herman Otto ut 15, Budapest, H- 1022, Hungary +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6167-7221 +pallgergely2@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Sajan, Sheikh +Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India & Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun 248 002, Uttarakhand, India +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2785-6824 + + + +Author + +Tripathy, Basudev +Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India + + + +Author + +Meng, Kaibaryer +National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China + + + +Author + +Asami, Takahiro +Department of Biology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390 - 8621, Japan +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-0272 + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Mollusca Section, Invertebrates Division, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museums, London SW 7 5 BD, United Kingdom + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +981 + + +1 +220 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.981.53583 +1313-2970-981-1 +5194AAC86B8A473F8A41470A60182A0B +7C44C797C4125A71BAE032A55E6FA5DC + + + + +Dicharax jaintiacus crassus (Godwin-Austen, 1914) + + + + +Alycaeus jaintiacus var. crassus +Godwin-Austen, 1914: 375, pl. 137, figs 5, 5a. + + +Alycaeus (Dicharax) jaintiacus Var. crassa +- +Gude 1921 +: 256-257. + + + +Type locality. +"in Nongjinghi, Jiantia, 4563 feet". + + +Material examined. +Nonjinghi, Jiantia, coll. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.2752 (4 syntypes in 2 vials). + + +Remarks. +Protoconch matte, R1 smooth, no spiral lines visible (although the entire shell is somewhat weathered); R2 of normal length, the ribs are overall low, they are slightly curved towards the aperture. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A6/F6/16A6F6929A31E174D5FA26617C69984E.xml b/data/16/A6/F6/16A6F6929A31E174D5FA26617C69984E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6490841cbd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A6/F6/16A6F6929A31E174D5FA26617C69984E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +The ant genus Tetramorium Mayr (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Malagasy region - taxonomic revision of the T. kelleri and T. tortuosum species groups. + + + +Author + +Hita Garcia, F. + + + +Author + +B. L. Fisher + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2012 + +3592 + + +1 +85 + + + + +http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2012/f/zt03592p085.pdf + +journal article +26064 +175-5326 +A2D9C9ED-C0BA-4B5F-A330-C9AB7D625704 + + + + +Tetramorium kelleri +species group + + + +Diagnosis +Eleven-segmented antennae; anterior clypeal margin medially impressed; frontal carinae well-developed and usually running to posterior head margin; anterior face of mesosoma weakly developed; margination between lateral and dorsal mesosoma very weakly developed, sides round smoothly onto dorsum; propodeal spines always long to extremely long, and spinose; propodeal lobes short, triangular, and blunted or acute; petiolar node clublike, anterodorsal margin situated lower and much less pronounced than posterodorsal margin, in profile approximately as long as high, in dorsal view distinctly longer than wide; postpetiole globular to subglobular; mandibles strongly sculptured; sculpture on head, mesosoma, and waist segments distinct and predominantly reticulate-rugose; gaster unsculptured, smooth, and shiny; whole body covered with numerous, very long, fine, standing hairs; sting appendage spatulate. + + +Comments + +The recently (Hita Garcia & Fisher, 2012) proposed +T. kelleri +species group contains +T. kelleri +and the +new species +T. +ankarana +. It is mainly distributed in the north and west of Madagascar, as well as on Nosy Be and Mayotte, and both species prefer forested habitats. + + +Other +Tetramorium +species from a different species group are unlikely to be confused with T. +ankarana +or +T. kelleri. +The possession of 11-segmented antennae and the very conspicuous petiolar node shape clearly distinguish them from all other Malagasy species groups. + + + + +Key to species of the +T. kelleri +species group (workers) + + +1. Species with smaller eyes (OI 20); relatively longer antennal scapes (SI 101-104); and long propodeal spines (PSLI 35-38) (Figs. 1, 2).................................................................................. T. +ankarana + + +Species with larger eyes (OI 24-26); relatively shorter antennal scapes (SI 89-99); and extremely long propodeal spines (PSLI 49-68) (Figs. 3, 4)............................................................................... +T. kelleri + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A7/1B/16A71B72B48A5F42ADAF5FFD7613E21B.xml b/data/16/A7/1B/16A71B72B48A5F42ADAF5FFD7613E21B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..de2ec6039df --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A7/1B/16A71B72B48A5F42ADAF5FFD7613E21B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Diversity pattern of insects from Macao based on an updated species checklist after 25 years + + + +Author + +Xian, Chunlan +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Leong, Chi Man +Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Beijing normal university - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China & Macao Entomological Society, Estrada Coronel Nicolau de Mesquita, Macao SAR, China + + + +Author + +Luo, Jiuyang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-9534 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Han, Hongxiang +Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China +hanhx@ioz.ac.cn + + + +Author + +Xie, Qiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-8808 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China +xieq8@mail.sysu.edu.cn + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-04-05 + + +12 + + +118110 +118110 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 +1314-2828-12-e118110 +57B0CE31B4055266A115FC1275D70C79 + + + + +Allobaccha apicalis (Loew, 1858) + + + +Notes + +DSPA (2022) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A7/56/16A756B178A6928258E4EBCDD0DE1ED8.xml b/data/16/A7/56/16A756B178A6928258E4EBCDD0DE1ED8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a355e9f18c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A7/56/16A756B178A6928258E4EBCDD0DE1ED8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Allium carinatum +, +spec. nov. + + + +13. Allium caule planifolio bulbifero, staminibus subulatis. + +Allium umbella bulbifera, vagina bicorni, foliis carinatis. +Hall. all. 24. t.1. f.2. + + +Ampeloprasum proliferum. +Lob. ic. 156. +* + + +β. Allium montanum bicorne angustifolium, flore dilute purpurascente. +Bauh. pin. 74. + + +Allium s. Moly montanum 2. +Clus. hist. 1. p. 195. + + + + +Habitat in +Germania +. + + + + + +* +Foliis caulinis teretibus. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A8/20/16A820C68D0850FC8D67A9961EB38603.xml b/data/16/A8/20/16A820C68D0850FC8D67A9961EB38603.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ca15d6f1c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A8/20/16A820C68D0850FC8D67A9961EB38603.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +Taxonomic studies on the sac spider genus Clubiona (Araneae, Clubionidae) from Xishuangbanna Rainforest, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Jianshuang +School of Life Sciences + + + +Author + +Yu, Hao +Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China +insect1986@126.com + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416 +School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China +lisq@ioz.ac.cn + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-04-26 + + +1034 + + +1 +163 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1034.59413 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1034.59413 +1313-2970-1034-1 +A2937A0DFF04468FB2DB6AC4D68ED997 +2DB5C14D37835632AB3585A3AECC3B1C + + + + +Clubiona zhangyongjingi Li & Blick, 2019 + + + + +Clubiona transversa +Zhang & Yin, 1998: 14, figs 16-19 (♀ only). + + +Clubiona zhangyongjingi +Li & Blick, 2019: 131 (replacement name for +C. transversa +; ♂ mismatched). + + + +Material examined. +None. + + +Diagnosis and description. + +See +Zhang and Yin (1998) +. + + + +Distribution. +China (Yunnan). + + +Remarks. + +Based on the original figures, the female is almost the same as that of + +C. melanosticta + +, and the male belongs to the + +C. ternatensis + +group and resembles + +C. kuu + +and + +C. subkuu + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A8/97/16A897554E29547D81BB5A762F94A2C9.xml b/data/16/A8/97/16A897554E29547D81BB5A762F94A2C9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6eb7ec7ee27 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A8/97/16A897554E29547D81BB5A762F94A2C9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,635 @@ + + + +Taxonomic synopsis of invasive and native Spartina (Poaceae, Chloridoideae) in the Pacific Northwest (British Columbia, Washington and Oregon), including the first report of Spartina xtownsendii for British Columbia, Canada + + + +Author + +Saarela, Jeffery M. +Research & Collections, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443 Stn. D, Ottawa, Ontario K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada +jsaarela@mus-nature.ca + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2012 + +2012-03-21 + + +10 + + +25 +82 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.10.2734 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.10.2734 +1314-2003-10-25 +FFDEFFB2FFCC5E0D8269FFD7FFD28A31 +576110 + + + + +Spartina patens (Aiton) Muhl., Descr. Gram. 55. 1817. + + + + +Spartina juncea +var. +patens +(Aiton) St.-Yves, Candollea 5: 86. 1932. + +Dactylis patens + +Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1: 104. 1789. +Type +. United Kingdom. Cultivated, native of North America, introduced 1781, by Mr. William Curtis (holotype: BM-001010621!). + + +Trachynotia juncea +Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 64. 1803. + +Limnetis juncea + +(Michx.) Rich., Syn. Pl. 1: 72. 1805. + +Spartina juncea + +(Michx.) Willd., Enum. Pl. 81. 1809. + +Spartina patens + +var. +juncea +(Michx.) Hitchc., Rhodora 8: 210. 1906. + +Spartina juncea + +subvar. +americana +St.-Yves, Candollea 5: 84. 1932. +Type. +United States of America. bord des Creeks +sales +Basse Caroline, Michaux s.n. (holotype: P, not seen). Note: See +Hitchcock (1908 +:153) for notes on the type specimen. Treatment of + +Trachynotia juncea + +as a synonym of + +Spartina patens + +follows +Mobberley (1956) +. + + +Limnetis juncea +var. +monogyna +M.A.Curtis, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 1: 136. 1837. + +Spartina patens + +var. +monogyna +(M.A.Curtis) Fernald, Rhodora 49: 114. 1947. +Type. +United States of America. North Carolina: M.A.Curtis s.n. (holotype: GH [GH00295532!], +Appendix Fig. 3 +). Note: +Fernald (1947 +:115) referred to this specimen as "The isotype of +Curtis's +variety in the Gray Herbarium +..." +and "The Curtis type or isotype +...." +; it likely is the holotype. + + +Spartina pumila +Roth, Catal. Bot. 3: 10. 1806. +Type. +United States of America. New York, 1794, Schreber s.n. (holotype: B-Willd.!). + + + +Description. + +See +Mobberley (1956) +, +Barkworth (2003) +, +Douglas et al. (2001) +, and Lonard et al. (2009). 2 +n += 40 ( +Marchant 1968b +). + + + +Common names. + +Saltmeadow cordgrass, saltmeadow grass, marsh hay, wiregrass, foxgrass, couchgrass, rush saltgrass, spartine +etalee +( +Lonard et al. 2010 +). + + + +Etymology. + +The Latin epithet +patens +means "spreading, outspread" ( +Stearn 1992 +), given in reference to the general habit of the species, which forms dense, monotypic stands. + + + +Illustrations. + +Hitchcock 1935 +: 494; +Hitchcock 1951 +:514; +Holmgren et al. 1998 +:750, +Douglas et al. 2001 +:271, +Barkworth 2003 +:251. + + + +Distribution. + +Native to the east coast of North America and Central America, distributed along the Atlantic coast of Newfoundland and Labrador to Texas, the Atlantic coast of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean Islands (e.g., +Barkworth 2003 +, +Beetle 1977 +, Howard et al. 1989, +Liogier and Martorell 2000 +, +Peterson 2001 +). It has been introduced to coastal regions in Spain ( +Campos et al. 2004 +, + +SanLeon +et al. 1999 + +, +Prieto et al. 2011 +), China ( +An et al. 2007 +), North Africa, and the west coast of the United States (Oregon, Washington), and Canada (British Columbia). + + + +Comments. + + +Spartina patens + +grows in coastal salt marshes and brackish waters, where it usually forms dense stands above the intertidal zone and into higher and drier areas of the salt marsh ( +Mobberley 1956 +). In Europe this taxon is sometimes treated as a separate species, + +Spartina versicolor + +Fabre, a traditional circumscription that some contemporary authors maintain (e.g., + +Sanchez +Gullon +2001 + +; +Clayton et al. 2002 +onwards; see + +SanLeon +et al. 1999 + +and +Prieto et al. 2011 +for summaries of this taxonomic problem). In North America + +Spartina patens + +hybridizes with + +Spartina pectinata + +in areas where they grow together, forming the hybrid taxon + + +Spartina +xcespitosa + + +. This hybrid is known from scattered locations along the Atlantic coast from Prince Edward Island to Maryland ( +Mobberley 1956 +, +Dore and Marchant 1968 +, +Barkworth 2003 +), but has not been recorded along the Pacific coast. The biology of + +Spartina patens + +is reviewed by +Lonard et al. (2010) +. + + +In Oregon, + +Spartina patens + +grows in the Siuslaw estuary on Cox Island (Lane Co.), where it has been introduced since at least 1939 and has expanded considerably since that time ( +Frenkel and Boss 1988 +). It is not reported from elsewhere in Oregon ( +Wilson et al. 2012 +). In Washington it has been reported from Dosewallips State Park on the west shore of Hood Canal ( +Frenkel 1987 +). In California it is present in Southampton Marsh in San Francisco Bay ( +Spicher and Josselyn 1985 +, +Baird and Thieret 2012 +). + + + +Spartina patens + +was the first of the invasive cordgrasses to be collected in British Columbia. It was discovered in 1979 in the Comox Estuary on Vancouver Island (Brayshaw 79-1143, V); nearly a decade later, in 1988, it was collected on the adjacent mainland coast in Burrard Inlet, North Vancouver (Lomer 88-140, UBC, +Fig. 9 +). + +Spartina patens + +was recognized as part of the provincial flora by +Douglas et al. (1994) +based on collections from these two localities, and is reported for the region in recent floras ( +Barkworth 2003 +, +Douglas et al. 2001 +). Large stands of the species were reported in 2000 at the Comox locality in the Courtenay River estuary at the delta of Brooklyn Creek to the embayed area of Goose Spit ( +Asp and Adams 2000 +). + +Spartina patens + +is also reported from Port Moody Arm of Burrard Inlet in British Columbia (Dresen et al. 2010). Voucher specimens from these latter two sites should be collected and deposited in herbaria. + + + +Figure 9. +Photograph of a specimen of + +Spartina patens + +collected at Maplewood mudflats, North Vancouver, British Columbia (Lomer 88-140, UBC). Image published with the permission of the University of British Columbia Herbarium, Beaty Biodiversity Museum. + + + + +Morphology. + + +Spartina patens + +exhibits considerable morphological variation and several authors have recognized two infraspecific taxa (see +Mobberley 1956 +). +Mobberley (1956) +studied this variation across the native range of the taxon and found plants at the northern and southern extremes of the +taxon's +range to be distinct, but considerable overlap and clinal variation from north to south in areas between the extremes. Based on these data he argued against the recognition of infraspecific taxa in + +Spartina patens + +, a circumscription followed by subsequent authors. + + +Based on specimens of + +Spartina patens + +examined here collected in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, introduced plants in these areas are similar morphologically to those in the eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, which tend to be smaller than plants distributed further south ( +Mobberley 1956 +). + + + + +Spartina +patens + + +can be distinguished from + +Spartina densiflora + +by the following combination of characters: branches distinctly one-sided, appressed, ascending or spreading from main axis, distant or weakly overlapping, and approximately the same length within an inflorescence [vs. branches not distinctly one-sided, appressed, strongly overlapping, and conspicuously decreasing in length towards the inflorescence apex], rhizomes wiry, plants forming dense mats [vs. rhizomes absent, rarely short, plants cespitose, forming distinct clumps], upper glumes distinctly 3-veined [vs. upper glumes 1-veined], and ligules 0.5-1 mm long [vs. ligules 1-2 mm long]. + + + +Spartina patens + +can be distinguished from + +Spartina alterniflora + +, + +Spartina anglica + +and + + +Spartina +xtownsendii + + +by: blade margins and adaxial surfaces scabrous [vs. blade margins and adaxial surfaces glabrous], blades 0.5-4 mm wide at base, involute for most or all of their length [vs. blades 3-10 mm wide at base, often involute distally], branches distinctly one-sided, distant or weakly overlapping [vs. branches not distinctly one sided, strongly overlapping], rhizomes thin and wiry [vs. rhizomes thick and fleshy], upper glumes conspicuously 3-veined [vs. upper glumes 1-3-veined, veins inconspicuous], and spikelets usually purple-tinged [vs. spikelets rarely or never purple-tinged]. + + + +Specimens examined. + +Canada. British Columbia: +Vancouver Island, Goose Spit, Comox, +49°40'N +, +124°54'W +, 14 Sep 1979, T.C.Brayshaw 79-1143 (V [V95308]); Vancouver Island, based of Comox Spit, +49°40'N +, +124°54'W +, 7 Aug 1984, T.C.Brayshaw 84-139 (V [V127117]); N shore of Burrard Inlet, E of Second Narrows Bridge, North Vancouver, +49.3099°N +, +123.1032°W +uncertainty 4052 m, sea level, Jul 1987, F.Lomer 87-001 (UBC [UBCV194265, Suppl. Fig. 29]); North Vancouver, Maplewood Mudflats, S of Dollarton Highway and E of Second Narrows bridge, +49.3042°N +, +123.0009°W +uncertainty 500 m, 27 Aug 1988, F. Lomer 88-140 (UBC [UBCV195726, +Fig. 9 +); North Vancouver, Maplewood mud flats, +49.3042°N +, +123.0009°W +uncertainty 500 m, 16 Sep 1993, F.Lomer s.n. (V [V169504, V169505]). +New Brunswick: +St. +Andrew's +, 16 Aug 1900, J.Fowler s.n. (CAN [CAN390994]). Charlotte Co.: Grand Manan, +44°41'53"N +, +66°49'20"W +, 31 Jul 1944, C.A.Weatherby & U.F.Weatherby 7300 (CAN [CAN33948]). Westmorland Co.: 1 mi E of Cape Bimet, 5 mi E of Shediac, +46°14'N +, +64°27'W +, 7 Aug 1981, M.Shchepanek & A.Dugal 3657 (CAN [CAN474807]); W of upper cape, 7 Aug 1964, P.R.Roberts & N.Bateman 64-2564 (CAN [CAN305984]); Memramcook, +45°58'15"N +, +64°35'36"W +, 21 Aug 1919, F.Rolland-Germaine 8022 (CAN [CAN332081]); Shediac, +46°13'17"N +, +64°32'23"W +, 5 Aug 1904, J.Fowler s.n. (CAN [CAN391711]); Moncton, +46°05'58"N +, +64°47'59"W +, 18 Sep 1912, M.O.Malte 108313 (CAN [CAN206830]). Restigouche Co.: Dalhousie, +48°2'55"N +, +66°23'25"W +, 4 Aug 1955, H.J.Scoggan 12683 (CAN [CAN240148]). +Newfoundland and Labrador: +Bonavista South District, Newman Sound Marsh, +48°32'15"N +, +53°58'06"W +, R.Charest, L.Brouillet, A.Bouchard & S.Hay 96-2065 (CAN [CAN58446]); St. +George's +, +48°24'55"N +, +58°29'40"W +, 13 Aug 1910, M.L.Fernald & K.M.Wiegand 2597 (CAN [CAN33945]); St. +George's +District, St. +George's +, +48°24'55"N +, +58°29'40"W +, 4 Aug 1986, L.Brouillet & I.Saucier 86170 (CAN [CAN546790]; St. +George's +District, Stephenville Crossing, saltmarsh NE of Main Gut bridge, +48°31'44"N +, +58°27'19"W +, 4 Aug 1986, L.Brouillet & I.Saucier 86183 (CAN [CAN546704]. +Nova Scotia: +N +end +of Summerville Beach, Summerville Center, +43°57'N +, +64°49'W +, 28 Sep 1979, D.F.Brunton & H.L.Dickson 2089 (CAN [CAN452656]; LeHave River, 6 Aug 1910, J.Macoun 82102 (CAN [CAN33949]. Cape Breton Co.: Grand Narrows, +45°57'24"N +, +60°47'32"W +, 27 Jul 1893, J.Macoun 21127, (CAN [CAN33952]); near mouth of George River, 27 Aug 1920, C.H.Bissell & D.H.Linder 19976 (CAN [CAN33951]. Digby Co.: Clare Municipality, Meteghan River, +44°13'N +, +66°08'W +, 30 Jul 1975, A.W.Dugal 75-131 (CAN [CAN475807]; Sissiboo River, Weymouth, +44°24'44"N +, +65°59'43"W +, 21 Aug 1920, M.L.Fernald, C.H.Bissell, C.B.Graves, B.Long & D.H.Linder 19974 (CAN [CAN33950]. Guysborough Co.: Canso, +45°20'12"N +, +60°59'40"W +, 15 Aug 1901, J.Fowler s.n. (CAN [CAN391709]. Hants Co.: mouth of Rennie Brook, East Walton, 17 Sep 1958, E.C.Smith, W.J.Curry, R.E.Clattenburg 18581 (CAN [CAN296579]). Kings Co.: Avonport, +45°06'01"N +, +64°15'27"W +, 23 July 1957, H.J.Scoggan 13850 (CAN [CAN255570]. Queens Co.: Port Mouton, +43°55'38"N +, +64°50'55"W +, C.H.Bissell & C.B.Graves 19978 (CAN [CAN33953]. Richmond Co.: Cape Breton Island, Fullers River Salt Marsh, 3 km W of Fourchu, off Hwy. 327, +45°43'N +, +60°18'W +, 23 Aug 1984, M.J.Shchepanek & A.W.Dugal 6426 (CAN [CAN521701]). Shelbourne Co.: Gunning Cove, +43°41'30"N +, +65°20'45"W +, 4 Oct 1982, S.J.Darbyshire 1790 (CAN [CAN487055]. Yarmouth Co.: Wedgeport, +43°44'23"N +, +65°58'48"W +31 July 1953, W.L.Klawe 1278 (CAN [CAN298545]; Sand Beach, +43°48'43"N +, +66°07'15"W +, 7 Sep 1920, M.L.Fernald, B.Long, D.H.Linder 19977 (CAN [CAN33954]. +Ontario: +Essex Co.: Windsor, Windsor Salt Factory, +42°17'N +, +83°06'W +, 21 Sep 1975, P.M.Catling & S.M.McKay s.n. (CAN [CAN396523]); Windsor salt works, 24 Aug 1977, W.Botham 2011 (CAN [CAN459521], CAN [CAN459519]); Windsor, near salt factory, 29 Jul 1979, W.Botham 2182 (CAN [CAN459520]); Windsor, E side of Euclid Avenue bordering Detroit River, just S of Prospect Street, Ojibway Park, near salt plant, +42°17'N +, +83°05'W +, 3 Nov 1975, P.D.Pratt 18 (CAN [CAN440539]); Windsor, 50 m W of Prospect Avenue, along Euclid Road, E shore Detroit River, +42°17'N +, +83°05'W +, 4 Sep 1979, D.F.Brunton & P.D.Pratt 1915 (CAN [CAN452513]). +Prince Edward Island: +Prince Co.: Tignish, +46°57'02"N +, +64°02'01"W +, 6 Aug 1912, M.L.Fernald, B.Long & H.St-John 113172 (CAN [CAN33946]). Queens Co.: Long Creek salt marsh, +1/4 +mi E of Pond Point, +46°03'N +, +62°57'W +, 15 Aug 1981, M.Shchepanek & A.Dugal 4119 (CAN [CAN475274]); Brackley Point, +46°23'04"N +, +63°11'06"W +, 3 Aug 1888, J.Macoun 28967 (CAN [CAN33947]). +Quebec: +Maria Co.: Bonaventure, +48°03'N +, +65°29'W +, 11 Aug 1930, F.Marie-Victorin, F.Rolland-Germaine & E.Jacques 33799 (CAN [CAN33955]); Magdalen Islands, sandy sea strand at the Narrows, Alright Island, 21 Aug 1912, M.L.Fernald, B.Long & H.St-John 6880 (CAN [CAN33956]); +Riviere-du-Loup +Co.: +Pointe-a-la-Loupe +, +L'Isle-Verte +, +48°4'38"N +, +69°16'28"W +, 2 Sep 1957, E.Lepage 13956 (CAN [CAN252814]); +Riviere-du-Loup +, Hwy. 20, N shore of bay, +47°49'N +, +69°32'W +, 29 Sep 1979, H.L.Dickson & D.F.Brunton 3271 (CAN [CAN457594]). Kamouraska Co.: Rankin Point near Kamouraska, 24 Aug 1947, J.H.Soper & D.A.Fraser 3647 (CAN [CAN257674]); Rimouski Co.: Rimouski, +48°27'N +, +68°32'W +30 Sep 1950, E.Lepage 13215 (CAN [CAN206869]); Le Bic, Cap aux Corbeaux, +48°23'N +, +68°43'W +, 30 Aug 1970, G.Lemieux 13630 (CAN [CAN444255]); +L'Isle-Verte +, + +48 +°01'N + +, +69°20'W +, 24 Aug 1951, L.McI.Terrill s.n. (CAN [CAN337522]); Tobin, 23 Aug 1951, L.McI.Terrill 6636 (CAN [CAN337521]); Iles-de-la-Madeleine, Cap de +l'Est +, +47°36'47"N +, +61°27'35"W +, s.d., M.M.Grandtner s.n. (CAN [CAN519307]); Dune du Nord, +pres +de la Grande Lagune, +47°29'N +, +61°45'W +, 66.08.06, M.M.Grandtner 10697-V (CAN [CAN519268]); Ile-aux-Coudres, La Baleine, pointe E de +l'ile +, 25 Aug 1977, J.Cayouette J77-133 (CAN [CAN466657]). +United State of America. Florida: +near Jacksonville, 17 Jul 1894, A.H.Curtiss 4948 (CAN [CAN373389]). +Louisiana: +Cameron Parish, along the Gulf of Mexico, S of an unnamed shell road which runs E from Cameron Parish Road 3106, on the E edge of Cameron, T15S, R9W, 30 Jun 1984, B.E.Button & D.W.Pritchett 2536 (CAN [CAN495018]); Jefferson Parish, roadside at +Elmer's +Island, 2 Oct 1976, J.Guider 5023 (CAN [CAN432238]). +Maryland: +sea coast, Sep 1863, Wm.M.Canby s.n. (CAN [CAN162200]). +Massachusetts: +Barnstable Co.: Sandy Meck, Cape Cod, +41°44'00"N +, +70°19'58"W +, 28 Oct 1939, J.H.Soper 1109 (CAN [CAN257821, CAN316382]). Dukes Co.: Katama Bay, Edgartown, Marthas Vineyard, +41°21'15"N +, +70°28'58"W +, 11 Sep 1901, M.L.Fernald s.n. (CAN [CAN162201]). +New Jersey: +Atlantic City, 1880, C.D.Fretz s.n. (CAN [CAN556282]). +New York: +Nassau Co.:Jones Beach, +40°35'40"N +, +73°30'10"W +, 18 Aug 1932, H.A.Gleason & A.C.Smith 149 (CAN [CAN162198]). +Washington: +Jefferson Co.: mouth of Dosewallips River, E of Route 101, SW of Sylopash Point, 1 m, T25N R2W S2, +47°41.4'N +, +122°53.5'W +, 9 Sep 2004, P.F.Zika & F.Weinmann 20160 (WTU [WTU359724, Suppl. Fig. 30]). +Oregon: +Lane Co.: Cox Island, Siuslaw Estuary, 2.5 km E of Florence, +43.9716°N +, +124.0672°W +, 9 Aug 1983, R.E.Frenkel 3060 (UBC [UBCV196070, Suppl. Fig. 31]); Lane Co.: center of Cox Island in Siuslaw River estuary, 3.5 km E of Florence, SW corner Sec 30, T. 18S, R. 11 W., W.M., +43.9716°N +, +124.0672°W +, 22 Oct 1977, R.E.Frenkel s.n. (WTU [WTU286900, Suppl. Fig. 32]). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A8/B4/16A8B4AE926558589791B07A6956C7D7.xml b/data/16/A8/B4/16A8B4AE926558589791B07A6956C7D7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d7f2e322545 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A8/B4/16A8B4AE926558589791B07A6956C7D7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ + + + +[The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Vietnam. Subfamily Pseudomyrmicinae. Subfamily Myrmicinae (tribes Calyptomyrmecini, Meranoplini, Cataulacini).] + + + +Author + +Dlussky, G. M. + + + +Author + +Radchenko, A. G. + +text + + +1990 +Naukova Dumka + +Kiev + + + + +Editor + +Akimov, I. A. + + + +Editor + +Emelianov, I. G. + + + +Editor + +et al., + + +[News of faunistics and systematics.] + + + +119 +125 + + + + +http://hdl.handle.net/10199/ + +book chapter +21374 + + + + +Tetraponera +(Т.) +attenuata +(F. Smith, 1877). + + + +Ареал охватывает континентальную часть Юго-Восточной Азии и Зондские о-ва. Для Вьетнама указан В.А. Караваевым (Karawajew, 1935): Лье Чеу, окр. Тоурана, Центр. Аннам. В нашем распоряжении име- ется материал из следующих точек Вьетнама: 30 км С Хошимина, долина р.Рай (По- каржевский); о.Че близ Нячанга; бухта Ванфонг, о.Мизянг (Курзенко); Дак-линь, 25 км Ю Ю З Буон-Ма-Туот (Медведев); 50 км С Ан-Кхе; ст. Ханьин (Янушев); арх. Байтылонг, о-ва Кебао и Донгкхо; о-ва Б айкань и Кондао (Радченко), а также из Ю ж - + + +ного Китая: Юньнань, 30 км ЮВ Чэли; Юньнань, окр. Фохая (Панфи- лов); Гуандун, Вэнцюань (Родендорф). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A8/E0/16A8E0EA117393477442362ACB83A687.xml b/data/16/A8/E0/16A8E0EA117393477442362ACB83A687.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..329e8b4ef29 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A8/E0/16A8E0EA117393477442362ACB83A687.xml @@ -0,0 +1,257 @@ + + + +Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups + + + +Author + +Salata, Sebastian + + + +Author + +Fisher, Brian L. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +905 + + +1 +235 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592 +1313-2970-905-1 +F4C766E4633A41039FFDE952718F41FB +4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961 + + + + +Pheidole ehazoara +sp. nov. +Figs 49A-F +, 84N +, 86N + + + +Type material. + + +Holotype +. + +Madagascar. •1 major worker; Toliara; Ehazoara Canyon, 26 km E Betioky; +-23.68333 +, +44.63333 +; alt. 175 m; 27 Apr 1997; Fisher et al. leg.; BLF01518, CASENT0872059, middle specimen (CASC). + +Paratype +. + +Madagascar. •2w., 2s.; same data as for holotype; CASENT0198555, CASENT0923186, CASENT0872218, CASENT0872219 (CASC). + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Major workers +. + +Head in full-face view elongated; sides of the head with dense, very long, erect pilosity; occipital lobes with thick, sparse, short, irregular, and arcuate rugae, interspaces indistinctly rugulose; inner hypostomal teeth distinct, narrow, and triangular, closely spaced, with narrow and rounded apex directed outward; outer hypostomal teeth bigger and wider than inner hypostomal teeth, dentate. + +Minor workers +. + +Head foveolate, foveolate, with additional longitudinal rugae on frons and malar area; genae with fading sculpture; scape, when laid back, reaching head margin; promesonotum low, convex, short, with posterior declivity smoothly declining towards propodeum; mesosoma foveolate; propodeal spines short, triangular. + + + +Description. + +Major workers. +Measurements ( +N += 3): HL: 1.07-1.1 (1.08); HW: 0.85-0.88 (0.87); SL: 0.41-0.44 (0.42); EL: 0.14-0.15 (0.14); WL: 0.82-0.86 (0.84); PSL: 0.13-0.14 (0.14); MTL: 0.44-0.46 (0.45); PNW: 0.49-0.51 (0.5); PTW: 0.15-0.16 (0.16); PPW: 0.38-0.42 (0.4); CI: 81.5-83.6 (82.3); SI: 41.8-49.0 (45.9); PSLI: 13.5-15.0 (14.09); PPI: 34.8-37.3 (36.2); PNI: 54.9-55.7 (55.4); MTI: 47.2-52.5 (50.4). + +Head +. + +In full-face view longitudinal, longer than wide, anterior of eyes straight, posterior of eyes slightly convex, occipital margin of lobes straight, inclining towards centre (Fig. +49B +). In lateral view sub-oval; ventral and dorsal faces convex; dorsal face finely depressed posteriorly, forming indistinct transverse depression between frons and occipital lobes; inner hypostomal teeth visible. Sides of the head with dense, very long, erect pilosity; whole head with dense, moderately long, suberect to erect pilosity. Antennal scrobes indistinct and not delimited by carinulae; scrobe surface shiny, with thick, moderately sparse, longitudinal rugae; interspaces rugulose. Occipital lobes shiny, with thick, sparse, short, irregular, and arcuate rugae, interspaces indistinctly rugulose; frons with moderately sparse, thick, longitudinal rugae, on the anterior part of frons interspaces with fine, short, and longitudinal rugulae, on the posterior part of frons interspaces with fine and irregular rugulae; genae shiny, with fine, dense and longitudinal rugulae, and behind the eyes smooth; malar area with thick, sparse, longitudinal rugae, interspaces smooth to indistinctly rugulose. Centre of clypeus shiny and smooth, lateral sides with longitudinal rugae; median notch indistinct; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, not reaching the midlength of head; pilosity erect (Fig. +49B, D +). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, narrow, and triangular, closely spaced, with narrow and rounded apex directed outward; outer hypostomal teeth bigger and wider than inner hypostomal teeth, dentate (Fig. +84N +). + +Mesosoma +. + +In lateral view, promesonotum relatively low and arched, posterior mesonotum relatively convex, with small, tubercle-like projections; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spines short, triangular, with sharp apex and very wide base; humeral area laterally weakly produced (Fig. +49D +). Surface foveolate; promesonotum with additional indistinct and thin, transverse rugulae; its dorsal surface with fading sculpture; propodeum with additional longitudinal rugae, its dorsoventral side with fading sculpture. Pilosity moderately dense, long, suberect to erect (Fig. +49D, F +). + +Petiole +. + +Shiny; peduncle moderately short, finely foveolate, with distinct, short, horizontal lobes on its basal part; node with fading sculpture, relatively high, triangular, with rounded apex, in rear view node slightly convex; pilosity long and erect (Fig. +49D, F +). + +Postpetiole +. + +Shiny and finely shagreened, dorsum with fading sculpture; in dorsal view sides with moderately short, very wide, acute, and triangular projections; pilosity long and erect (Fig. +49D, F +). + +Petiole +. + +Shiny and finely shagreened on the basal part of first gastral tergite; pilosity dense, long, and erect (Fig. +49D, F +). + +Colour +. + +Dark yellow; lower part of malar area brown; gaster yellowish brown to brown (Fig. +49D, F +). + + + +Figure 49. + +Pheidole ehazoara + +sp. nov., full-face view ( +A +), profile ( +C +), and dorsal view ( +E +) of paratype minor worker (CASENT0923186) and full-face view ( +B +), profile ( +D +), and dorsal view ( +F +) of holotype major worker (CASENT0872059). + + + +Minor workers. +Measurements ( +N += 2): HL: 0.52-0.51; HW: 0.47-0.46; SL: 0.42-0.4; EL: 0.12-0.1; WL: 0.6-0.59; PSL: 0.1-0.09; MTL: 0.37-0.34; PNW: 0.33-0.32; PTW: 0.09-0.09; PPW: 0.17-0.15; CI: 83.6-81.5; SI: 41.8-49.0; PSLI: 15.0-13.9; PPI: 36.3-34.8; PNI: 54.9-55.7; MTI: 47.2-52.5. + +Head +. + +Occipital margin straight or indistinctly concave; occipital carina indistinct (Fig. +49A +). Pilosity moderately dense, short, suberect. Head shiny, foveolate, with additional longitudinal rugae on frons and malar area; genae with fading sculpture. Clypeus with fine, short, and longitudinal rugulae; median longitudinal carina absent; two lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, reaching head margin; pilosity suberect to erect (Fig. +49A, C +). + +Mesosoma +. + +In lateral view, promesonotum low, convex, short, with posterior declivity smoothly declining towards propodeum; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove present; propodeal spines small, triangular, with acute apex (Fig. +49C +). Sculpture foveolate. Pilosity moderately sparse, moderately short, and erect (Fig. +49C, E +). + +Petiole +. + +Shiny; peduncle finely foveolate; short and thin; node moderately low, globular, and small; with few short, erect setae (Fig. +49C, E +). + +Postpetiole +. + +Moderately long, low, and slightly convex; with few short, erect setae (Fig. +49C, E +). + +Petiole +. + +With moderately sparse, erect pilosity (Fig. +49C, E +). + +Colour +. + +Dark yellow (Fig. +49C, E +). + + + +Etymology. +After the locus typicus. + + +Biology. +The species was collected at 175 m in elevation, in tropical dry rainforest. Nest was located under a stone. + + +Comments. + + +Pheidole ehazoara + +sp. nov. is most similar to + +P. fitarata + +sp. nov. + +Major workers +. + +It differs from + +P. fitarata + +sp. nov. in dark yellow body colouration, frons with rugae connected with rugae on the occipital lobes, absence of foveolae on head, shorter propodeal spines with wider base, and dentate outer hypostomal teeth directed outward. + +Minor workers +. + +It differs from + +P. fitarata + +sp. nov. in presence of the additional longitudinal rugae on frons and malar area, longer postpetiole, and never smooth genae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/A8/EF/16A8EF2F10A6D891C92BC7D018461749.xml b/data/16/A8/EF/16A8EF2F10A6D891C92BC7D018461749.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..694a6ada7d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/A8/EF/16A8EF2F10A6D891C92BC7D018461749.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +List of primary types of the larentiine moth species (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) described from Indonesia - a starting point for biodiversity assessment of the subfamily in the region + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5447 +5447 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5447 +1314-2828--5447 + + + + +Episteira (Episteira) delicata isoepes Prout, 1958 + + + + +Episteira (Episteira) delicata isoepes +Prout 1958 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: sex: +unknown +; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: NHM + + + + +Distribution +Type locality: [Moluccas], Ceram [Seram] (central), Manusela + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AA/33/16AA33249E81D3FA4C60613C3D5CD4FA.xml b/data/16/AA/33/16AA33249E81D3FA4C60613C3D5CD4FA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7c21504e105 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AA/33/16AA33249E81D3FA4C60613C3D5CD4FA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +451 +529 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) kuhlii +subsp. +lepidus +Blyth 1845 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) kuhlii +subsp. +canus +Blyth 1863 + +; + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) kuhlii +subsp. +leucotis +Dobson 1872 + +; + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) kuhlii +subsp. +lobatus +Jerdon 1867 + +; + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) kuhlii +subsp. +vispistrellus +Bonaparte 1837 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AA/5E/16AA5EC801CB50BD0BEC9B639F5B3199.xml b/data/16/AA/5E/16AA5EC801CB50BD0BEC9B639F5B3199.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7338f45daa2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AA/5E/16AA5EC801CB50BD0BEC9B639F5B3199.xml @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ + + + +Minimalist revision and description of 403 new species in 11 subfamilies of Costa Rican braconid parasitoid wasps, including host records for 219 species + + + +Author + +Sharkey, Michael J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-7340 +The Hymenoptera Institute, 116 Franklin Ave., Redlands, CA, 92373, USA +msharkey@uky.edu + + + +Author + +Janzen, Daniel H. +Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 - 6018, USA + + + +Author + +Hallwachs, Winnie +Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 - 6018, USA + + + +Author + +Chapman, Eric G. +Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 - 0091, USA + + + +Author + +Smith, M. Alex +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575 +Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph and Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dapkey, Tanya +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Ratnasingham, Sujeevan +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Naik, Suresh +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Manjunath, Ramya +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Milton, Megan +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul +Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA + + + +Author + +Shaw, Scott R. +Department of Ecosystem Science, University of Wyoming, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA + + + +Author + +Kittel, Rebecca N. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0032-5764 +Museum Wiesbaden, Hessisches Landesmuseum fuer Kunst und Natur, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 2, 65185 Wiesbaden, Germany + + + +Author + +Solis, M. Alma +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-1004 +Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA + + + +Author + +Metz, Mark A. +Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA + + + +Author + +Goldstein, Paul Z. +Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville Agriculture Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum Natural History, MRC 168, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA + + + +Author + +Brown, John W. +Division of Entomology, PO Box 37012 12. National Museum of Natural History E 515 MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA + + + +Author + +Quicke, Donald L. J. +Department of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand + + + +Author + +Achterberg, C. van +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853 +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands + + + +Author + +Brown, Brian V. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-6057 +Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA + + + +Author + +Burns, John M. +Division of Entomology, PO Box 37012 12. National Museum of Natural History E 515 MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-02-02 + + +1013 + + +1 +665 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1013.55600 +1313-2970-1013-1 +CFDCEFBB523040339D46E302F66E9886 +E4329863A39E5EEBA395938413BDD579 + + + + +Orgilus scottmilleri Sharkey +sp. nov. +Figure 345 + + + +Diagnostics. +BOLD:AAW8985. Consensus barcode. TATTTTATATTTTTTATTTGGTATTTGATCTGGTATTTTAGGTATATCAATAAGTTTAATTATTCGTATAGAATTAGGTATACCTGGGACATTAATTGGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATAGAGTTGTAACAGCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATGCCAATTATAATTGGGGGGTTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCAATAATATTAGGATGTCCTGATATGGCTTTTCCTCGTATAAATAATATAAGTTTTTGATTATTAATTCCCTCATTAATTTTTTTAATTTTTAGTGGGGTTTTAAATGTTGGAGTTGGTACAGGGTGAACTGTTTATCCTCCCTTATCTTTAGGTATTGGTCATGGTGGATTTTCAGTGGATATAGCTATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCAATTATGGGGGCAATTAATTTTATTACTACTATTTTAAATATACGTTCTGATAAAGTTTTAATAGATAAAATTTCTTTATTAAGATGATCGGTATTAATTACAGCTATTTTGTTGTTATTATCTTTACCGGTATTAGCAGGGGCAATTACAATATTATTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCTTCTGGAGGTGGGGATCCTATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT. + + +Holotype ♀. + +Alajuela, Sector San Cristobal, Quebrada Cementerio, +10.87124 +, +-85.38749 +, 700 meters, caterpillar collection date: 6/vii/2009, wasp eclosion date: 21/vii/2009. Depository: CNC. + + + +Host data +. + + +Anadasmus + +Janzen11 ( +Depressariidae +) feeding on + +Nectandra hihua + +( +Lauraceae +). + + + +Caterpillar and holotype voucher codes +. + +09-SRNP-3511, DHJPAR0040031. + + + +Paratypes. +None. + + +Etymology. + + +Orgilus scottmilleri + +is named in honor of Scott Miller attending the international NSF-funded planning meeting for the All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) of Terrestrial Systems, and contributing his wisdom to the planning that was the founding of Costa +Rica's +national BioAlfa today. + + + +Figure 345. + +Orgilus scottmilleri + +, holotype. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AA/93/16AA9316320C507D9B793E67B5C7FFA8.xml b/data/16/AA/93/16AA9316320C507D9B793E67B5C7FFA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..be3559949f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AA/93/16AA9316320C507D9B793E67B5C7FFA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,299 @@ + + + +Revisiting the taxonomy of the Neotropical Haemodoraceae (Commelinales) + + + +Author + +Pellegrini, Marco O. O. +Universidade de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Botanica, Rua do Matao 277, CEP 05508 - 900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8783-1362 +marcooctavio.pellegrini@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Hickman, Ellen J. +University of Western Australia, Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management and School of Biological Sciences, Albany, Western Australia 6330, Australia + + + +Author + +Guttierrez, Jorge E. +Jardin Botanico Nacional, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba + + + +Author + +Smith, Rhian J. +Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Kew Green, Richmond, Surrey TW 9 3 AB, UK + + + +Author + +Hopper, Stephen D. +University of Western Australia, Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management and School of Biological Sciences, Albany, Western Australia 6330, Australia + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2020 + +169 + + +1 +59 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57996 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.169.57996 +1314-2003-169-1 +4C3FED0F8EE9579F9DAF15D7FBD5E167 + + + + +4.2. +Schiekia silvestris (Maas & Stoel) Hopper, E.J.Hickman, Rhian J.Sm. & M.Pell. +stat. nov. +Figs 15 +, 16 +, 17 + + + + +Schiekia orinocensis subsp. silvestris +Maas & Stoel in Maas PJM and Maas-van de Kamer H, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 61: 21. 1993. Holotype. BRAZIL. Amazonas: Rio Negro, road from Camanaus to +Vaupes +airport, fl., 30 Oct 1971, G.T. Prance et al. 15864 (INPA barcode INPA34082!; isotypes: F, K barcode K000574292!, MG n.v., MO n.v., NY barcode NY00247969!, S barcode S06-6076!, U barcode U0002448!, US barcode US00592174!). + + + +Distribution and habitat. + +Brazil (States of Amazonas, +Para +, and Roraima), Colombia, French Guiana, Surinam, and Venezuela (Fig. +18 +). Found growing in the seasonally-flooded forest understorey, near rivers. + + + +Phenology. +It was found in flower and fruit from January to November, but peaking during the dry season. + + +Conservation status. + + +Schiekia silvestris + +possesses a wide EOO (1,634,289 km2) but a relatively narrow AOO (ca. 392 km2). This narrow AOO might, once again, be related to the difficulty for collection in the Amazon Region. Nonetheless, the number of known collections is relatively large, which leads us to believe this species might be much more common than +Maas and Maas-van de Kamer (1993) +were led to believe. Thus, following + +IUCN's +(2001) + +recommendations, + +S. silvestris + +should be considered as Least Concern (LC). + + + +Figure 15. + +Schiekia silvestris + +(Maas & Stoel) Hopper et al. +A +habit of two flowering specimens +B +habit of a fruiting specimen +C, D +inflorescence: +C +inflorescence with flowers at anthesis +D +inflorescence with flowers at post-anthesis +E, F +flower: +E +side view of a flower showing the nectar drop (arrow) in the perianth aperture +F +frontal view of a flower +G +inflorescence bearing last few flowers and several capsules +H +detail of the cincinnus showing immature capsules. All photos by H. Galliffet, except for G by S. Sant. + + + + +Figure 16. + +Schiekia silvestris + +(Maas & Stoel) Hopper et al. Full colour whole plant illustration. Illustration by E.J. Hickman. Scale bar: 1 cm. + + + + +Comments. + + +Schiekia silvestris + +is by far the easiest species to differentiate from the three accepted by us in the present study. It is the only species to exclusively inhabit understorey and other mesic habitats and has a growth form similar to that of + +Xiphidium caeruleum + +, with its long and trailing rhizomes and leaves evenly distributed along the stem. Aside from that, the leaves are considerably more delicate and broader, and herbarium specimens of + +S. silvestris + +are commonly misidentified as + +X. caeruleum + +in Brazilian herbaria. Furthermore, the inflorescences of + +S. silvestris + +generally possess a corymb-like appearance, added to the diminutive and strongly bilabiate, pendulous, apricot to orange-yellow flowers, with tepals recurved in the upper half and non-inflated medial filament. The capsules of + +S. silvestris + +also tend to be much broader than those of + +S. orinocensis + +and + +S. timida + +, ranging from green when immature to chocolate brown when mature. Finally, it is the only species of + +Schiekia + +to present seeds with short and coarse trichomes scattered across the reticulate testa (Fig. +17U-W +). On the other hand, + +S. orinocensis + +and + +S. timida + +(Fig. +20T-V +) present evenly reticulate testa. + + + +Figure 17. + +Schiekia silvestris + +(Maas & Stoel) Hopper et al. +A, B +rhizome: +A +rhizome, showing persistent leaf bases +B +longitudinal section +C +cincinnus +D +flower bud +E +flower in frontal view +F +hairs +G-I +perianth: +G +upper perianth lobes, showing the nectar guides +H +lateral outer perianth lobe with adnate staminode-like structure +I +medial inner perianth lobe +J +staminode-like structure +K +flower with the perianth removed, showing the androecium and gynoecium +L, M +stamens: +L +lateral stamen (frontal and dorsal view) +M +medial stamen (frontal and dorsal view) +N, O +gynoecium: +N +style +O +stigma +P-T +fruit: +P +immature capsule +Q +capsule in longitudinal section +R +capsule in cross-section +S +placenta with ovules +T +dehisced capsule +U-W +seed: +U +dorsal view +V +ventral view +W +longitudinal section. Illustration by E.J. Hickman. Scale bars: 1 cm ( +A, B, G-I, K +); 1.5 mm ( +C-E, P-R, T +); 0.3 mm ( +F +); 0.75 mm ( +J, L-N, S, U-W +); 0.15 mm ( +O +); + + + + +Figure 18. +Distribution of + +Schiekia silvestris + +(Maas & Stoel) Hopper et al. Light Green - Subtropical Coniferous Forests; Red - Deserts, Xeric Shrublands and Tropical Coniferous Forests; Orange - Tropical/Subtropical Grasslands, Savannahs and Shrublands; Maroon - Dry Broadleaf Forests; Green - Moist Broadleaf Forests; Lilac - Montane Grasslands and Shrublands. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AA/D3/16AAD34F3D3B5F5EB3549BC5E2594605.xml b/data/16/AA/D3/16AAD34F3D3B5F5EB3549BC5E2594605.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dfc5a7e27fd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AA/D3/16AAD34F3D3B5F5EB3549BC5E2594605.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Review of Podothrips from China (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), with one new species and three new records + + + +Author + +Dang, Li-Hong + + + +Author + +Zhao, Le + + + +Author + +Wang, Xia + + + +Author + +Qiao, Ge-Xia + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +882 + + +41 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.882.39029 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.882.39029 +1313-2970-882-41 +C4D59916490F4C72A5E0124441E76F94 +73D780007B8C5581A31AED35C86C4EEB + + + + +Podothrips sasacola Kurosawa +Figs 5 +, +9 +, +11 +, +21 + + + + +Podothrips sasacola +Kurosawa, 1940: 100. + + + +Remarks. + +Previously known only from Japan, this species is quite similar to + +P. bicolor + +in the body colour pattern - head, pronotum, and abdominal segments +VIII-X +brown. Specimens are identified here as + +P. sasacola + +have antennal segments +III-IV +each with two sense cones ( +Fig. 9 +), and the fore tibia with a distinct inner apical tubercle ( +Fig. 5 +) as described by +Okajima (2006) +. This species is recorded here for the first time from China, Sichuan, based on five males taken from reeds. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AB/31/16AB317E1B26749D56B298244211B142.xml b/data/16/AB/31/16AB317E1B26749D56B298244211B142.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..53dccd4d895 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AB/31/16AB317E1B26749D56B298244211B142.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828--1168 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 +3C3EC7B09BA145848E3E89CBBD28B432 + + + + +Kaliofenusa altenhoferi Liston, 1993 + + + + +Kaliofenusa carpinifoliae +Liston, 1993 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland + + +Notes + +Added by +Liston (1994) +. Synonymy with +Kaliofenusa carpinifoliae +according to +Liston (1996) +. +Dolerus pusillus +Serville cannot at present be placed as conspecific with +Kaliofenusa ulmi +or +Kaliofenusa altenhoferi +, and must be treated as an unplaced species ( +Blank et al. 2001 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AB/CE/16ABCEAF0C665F01A0EC203647CAD5C4.xml b/data/16/AB/CE/16ABCEAF0C665F01A0EC203647CAD5C4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01512b3a749 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AB/CE/16ABCEAF0C665F01A0EC203647CAD5C4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Disintegration of the genus Prosopis L. (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade) + + + +Author + +Hughes, Colin E. +Department of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland +colin.hughes@systbot.uzh.ch + + + +Author + +Ringelberg, Jens J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-5210 +Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, UK + + + +Author + +Lewis, Gwilym P. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-4577 +Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas - Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 S. M. de Tucuman, Argentina + + + +Author + +Catalano, Santiago A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9153-1365 +Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo, Universidad Nacional de Tucuman, Miguel Lillo 205, 4000 S. M. de Tucuman, Argentina + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2022 + +2022-08-22 + + +205 + + +147 +189 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.205.75379 +1314-2003-205-147 +1396FDE670D4506385C78B2620B2BD5B + + + + +Strombocarpa palmeri (S. Watson) C.E. Hughes & G.P. Lewis +comb. nov. + + + +Basionym. + + +Prosopis palmeri + +S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 24: 48. 1889. + + + +Sopropis palmeri + +(S. Watson) Britton & Rose in N.L. Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 23: 183. 1928. + + + +Type material. + +Mexico. Eastern Baja California, +Mulege +, +E. Palmer 2 +(isotypes: BM [BM000952298], GH [GH00003471], K [K000478262], NDG [NDG24111], NY [NY00005123], US [US00930830]). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AC/5A/16AC5AC29A147E6C9B3D7ADF696EAB50.xml b/data/16/AC/5A/16AC5AC29A147E6C9B3D7ADF696EAB50.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f36bd1de5c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AC/5A/16AC5AC29A147E6C9B3D7ADF696EAB50.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +The ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Strandzha Mountain and adjacent coastal territories (Bulgaria and Turkey) + + + +Author + +Kostova, Rumyana + + + +Author + +Gueorguiev, Borislav + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8135 +8135 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8135 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8135 +1314-2828--8135 + + + + +Bembidion (Ocydromus) decorum decorum (Panzer, 1799) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +R. Kostova +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Brodilovo Vill, along Eleshnitsa River +; verbatimElevation: +17 +; verbatimCoordinates: +N42°05'35.4" +, +E27°49'53.0" +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate: +05/07/2009 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Yasna Polyana Vill. +; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke & Wrase (1988: 49) + + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Primorsko, Ropotamo Reserve, "Coast" +; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: +Mueller-Motzfeld +(1986b: 154) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AD/3A/16AD3A46852AAA7041DBC96DCFB659ED.xml b/data/16/AD/3A/16AD3A46852AAA7041DBC96DCFB659ED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c96223cd79 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AD/3A/16AD3A46852AAA7041DBC96DCFB659ED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ + + + +Miscellanea myrmicologiques, II (1905). + + + +Author + +Forel, A. + +text + + +Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique + + +1905 + +49 + + +155 +185 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4001/4001.pdf + +journal article +4001 + + + + +Cremastogaster Auberti Em., r. laestrygon +Em. + + + +- Kairouan. + + +- Dans la terre. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AD/57/16AD573E796B0A2F250186E143A1222E.xml b/data/16/AD/57/16AD573E796B0A2F250186E143A1222E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..08ca839b55b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AD/57/16AD573E796B0A2F250186E143A1222E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Sertularia lendigera +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +S. denticulis obsoletis, calycibus secundis cylindricis parallelis passim congestis, surculis filiformibus. + +Ellis corall. +27. +n. +24. +t. +15. +f. B. +Corallina exigua, caule geniculato scandens, vesiculis ex unoquoque geniculo sic dispositis, ut syringam panis referant. + + +Raj. angl. +3. +p. +38. +n. +3. Fucoides lendigerum, capillamentis cuscutae instar implexis. + + + + +Habitat in +Oceano. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AD/A7/16ADA78CD23654028CC1CE340A5F4BE0.xml b/data/16/AD/A7/16ADA78CD23654028CC1CE340A5F4BE0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5186e5840bd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AD/A7/16ADA78CD23654028CC1CE340A5F4BE0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,360 @@ + + + +A foundation monograph of Convolvulus L. (Convolvulaceae) + + + +Author + +Wood, John R. I. +Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK & Honorary Research Associate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew + + + +Author + +Williams, Bethany R. M. +Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK & Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK + + + +Author + +Mitchell, Thomas C. +Plant Biodiversity Research, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Maximus-von-Imhof Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany + + + +Author + +Carine, Mark A. +Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK + + + +Author + +Harris, David J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6801-2484 +Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH 3 5 LR, UK + + + +Author + +Scotland, Robert W. +Department of Plant Sciences, South Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK +robert.scotland@plants.ox.ac.uk + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2015 + +2015-06-18 + + +51 + + +1 +282 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.51.7104 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.51.7104 +1314-2003-51-1 +E76E3938E216FF804849B803C469FE14 +576310 + + + + +109. +Convolvulus trabutianus Schweinf. & Muschl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 566. 1911. (Schweinfurth and Muschler, 1911: 566). +Figure 15, t. 1-7 + + + + +Convolvulus ifniensis +Caball., Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat., ser. Bot. 30: 7. 1935. ( +Caballero 1935 +: 7). Type. MOROCCO, Ifni, +Caballero +s.n. (lectotype MA, designated by + +Sa'ad +1967 + +: 71). + + + +Type. + +ALGERIA, Oran, +Diels +s.n. (holotype B†). + + + +Description. + +Intricate, nearly leafless, spiny undershrub to 50 cm, stems and branches spinescent, branches arising at right angles, stems and vegetative parts glabrous to strongly adpressed pubescent. Leaves alternate on younger shoots but commonly clustered on very short thick brachyblasts on older shoots, sessile, 0.4-2.2 +x +0.1-0.4 cm, oblanceolate, obtuse, entire, attenuate at the base. Flowers solitary (very rarely paired), axillary but sometimes appearing to be in clusters on brachyblasts from which the leaves have fallen; peduncles 0-6 mm, woody, persistent and spinescent; bracteoles c. 1 mm long, scale-like; pedicels 1-3.5 mm, commonly recurved; calyx somewhat globose, sepals similar, 4-5 +x +2.5-3 mm, elliptic, rounded and minutely mucronulate, pubescent; corolla 1.4-1.6 cm, white, very shallowly lobed, midpetaline bands pilose, pink; ovary very sparsely pilose; style sparsely pilose below, divided 5 mm above base, stigmas 4-6 mm, somewhat unequal. Capsule and seeds not seen. [ + +Sa'ad +1967 + +: 71 p. p.] + + + +Figure 15. +1-7 + +Convolvulus trabutianus + +1 +leaf +2 +bracteole +3 +outer sepal +4 +middle sepal +5 +inner sepal +6 +stamen +7 +ovary and style. From +Raymond +32 (RAB) +8-16 +Convolvulus rottlerianus subsp. rottlerianus +8 +leaf +9 +bracteole +10 +outer sepal +11 +middle sepal +12 +inner sepal +13 +stamen +14 +ovary and style +15 +capsule +16 +seed. From +Wight +s.n. (OXF) +17-25 + +Convolvulus pilosellifolius + +17 +leaves +18 +bracteole +19 +outer sepal +20 +middle sepal +21 +inner sepal +22 +stamen +23 +ovary and style +24 +capsule +25 +seed +17 +from + +Bornműller + +1530 (STU) +18-23 +from + +Bornműller + +1531 (W) +24-25 +from +Sintenis +516 (B) +26-34 + +Convolvulus prostratus + +26 +leaves +27 +bracteole +28 +outer sepal +29 +middle sepal +30 +inner sepal +31 +stamen +32 +ovary and style +33 +capsule +34 +seed +26-32 +from +Sieber +s.n. (L) +33-34 +from +Letourneaux +280 (W) +35-43 + +Convolvulus chondrilloides + +35 +leaves +36 +bract +37 +outer sepal +38 +middle sepal +39 +inner sepal +40 +stamen +41 +ovary and style +42 +capsule +43 +seed +35-41 +from + +Bornműller + +7640 (W) +42-43 +from +Schmid +6469 (W) +44-51 + +Convolvulus sarmentosus + +44 +leaf +45 +bract +46 +outer sepal +47 +inner sepal +48 +stamen +49 +ovary and style +50 +capsule +51 +seeds. From +Miller et al. +10221 (K). + + + + + +Distribution +. + + +Restricted to the Maghreb of northwestern Africa: Mauritania ( +Chevalier +s.n., +Monod +19597); Morocco ( +Lewalle +9758, +Jury et al. +14457, 19615, 20738, +Jehandiez +156, +Davis +48684, +Allorge +s.n. [17/4/1913], +Podlech +49240); Algeria ( +Humbert +s.n. [4/1924]). + + + +Notes. + +A rather variable plant, sometimes glabrous, sometimes densely adpressed pubescent so approaching + +Convolvulus caput-medusae + +in this respect; flowers can be solitary and pedunculate (e.g. +Davis +48684), when the spine-like peduncles persist, but may also develop in apparent pedicellate clusters on virgate brachyblasts. These differences merit further study. + + + +Sa'ad +(1967) + +treated + +Convolvulus trabutianus + +under + +Convolvulus caput-medusae + +(it is + +Convolvulus trabutianus + +that is illustrated under the name + +Convolvulus caput-medusae + +) but the two plants are distinct. + +Convolvulus caput-medusae + +is always white-sericeous, only the branches are spinescent, the flowers are more or less sessile and only 8-10 mm long, amongst many differences. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AD/D1/16ADD11C193911333F9027C649752982.xml b/data/16/AD/D1/16ADD11C193911333F9027C649752982.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18f61b0398c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AD/D1/16ADD11C193911333F9027C649752982.xml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + + + +Order Chiroptera - Family Vespertilionidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +451 +529 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) maderensis +Dobson 1878 + + + + + + + +Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) maderensis +Dobson 1878 + +, + +Cat. +Chiroptera Brit. +Mus +.: 231 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Madeira +Isls, +Madeira +Isl ( +Portugal +). + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Madeiran Pipistrelle +. + + + + +Distribution: +Madeira +Isl ( +Portugal +); Canary Isls ( +Spain +). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +2003 and +IUCN +/ +SSC +Action Plan (2001) – Vulnerable. + + + + +Discussion: +Subgenus + +Pipistrellus + +. Phylogeography investigated by +Pestano et al. (2003) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AD/E6/16ADE6F4204C820B59D0CBC3F67FE1F8.xml b/data/16/AD/E6/16ADE6F4204C820B59D0CBC3F67FE1F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a94f8cc8d85 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AD/E6/16ADE6F4204C820B59D0CBC3F67FE1F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + + + +Checklist of Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Bankov, Nikola + + + +Author + +Todorov, Milcho + + + +Author + +Ganeva, Anna + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +25295 +25295 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e25295 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e25295 +1314-2828-6-25295 + + + + + +Difflugia angulostoma +Gauthier-Lievre +and Thomas, 1958 + + + + +Distribution + +Rila Mt. ( +Todorov and Golemansky 2000 +); Stara Planina Mt. (new data). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AE/71/16AE71FC706FF65FE78856665D3229BA.xml b/data/16/AE/71/16AE71FC706FF65FE78856665D3229BA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..38e94051be1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AE/71/16AE71FC706FF65FE78856665D3229BA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ + + + +Review of the Eustrophinae (Coleoptera, Tetratomidae) of America north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Pollock, Darren A. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +188 + + +1 +153 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.188.2976 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.188.2976 +1313-2970-188-1 + + + + +Eustrophopsis ornatus (Van Dyke, 1928) +Figures 10-11233547617376 + + + + +Eustrophinus ornatus +Van Dyke 1928 +: 251.-U.S.A., Arizona, Cochise Co., Chiricahua Mts., near Cave Creek; +Leng and Mutchler 1933 +: 36; +Poole and Gentili 1996 +: 299. + + +Eustrophopsis ornatus +(Van Dyke).- +Pollock 2008 +: 290. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Individuals of +Eustrophopsis ornatus +share the following diagnostic features: antennomeres 5-10 distinctly widened, in males flattened on one side and with elongate, accessory setae; most specimens with at least faint indication of light elytral markings (seen in their maximum extent in Fig. 10). This species is a putative close relative of + +Eustrophopsis +crowdyi + +; males of the two species can be separated on the elytral color. However, non-maculate, dark males of +Eustrophopsis ornatus +have elongate antennal sensilla, whereas males of +Eustrophopsis crowdyi +have short sensilla. As well, the prosternal process of +Eustrophopsis crowdyi +is relatively +blunter +and more rounded than that of +Eustrophopsis ornatus +. Finally, specimens of +Eustrophopsis ornatus +tend to have antennae with contrastingly colored antennomeres, while antennomeres of +Eustrophopsis crowdyi +are more or less similar in color. + + + +Description. + +TL 5.3-7.6 mm; GEW 2.3-3.3 mm. Body elongate oval, relatively narrow, moderately tapered posteriorly (Figures 10-11), moderately convex dorsally (Fig. 23); dorsal color various, some specimens uniformly dark, piceous to near black (Fig. 11); other specimens with very faint indications of light(er) elytral markings; some specimens (typical form) with distinct rufous elytral markings, along lateral margin and encroaching upon disc (Fig. 10); ventral surface in most specimens at least slightly lighter in color than dorsum; antennomeres 1-4 dark rufous; at least the distal half of antennomere 11 in most specimens distinctly contrasting in color, orange-red; eyes approximate dorsally (Fig. 35), either touching, or separated by a distance equal to 1-2 facet diameters; antennomeres 5-10 distinctly widened in both sexes, subquadrate, wider than long; antennomeres 5-11 of male with ventral sides flattened, with lon +g +, conspicuous +"accessory" +setae (sensilla) on ventral surface; last maxillary palpomere not widened distally, apex slightly oblique; prosternal process acute, narrowly rounded distally, not attaining posterior margin of procoxae; coarse elytral punctures forming striae; prothoracic episternal suture present, surface of proepisternum smooth, punctation not obscured by rugose macrosculpture; meso- and metatibiae with numerous, oblique ridges; male with small, ovate, setiferous pit on ventral edge of profemur; aedeagus (Fig. 61) with apical piece of tegmen longer than basal piece; struts on median lobe short, narrow, inner margins broadly U-shaped; sternite 9 basally V-shaped. + + + +Figures 35-37. Nearctic +Eustrophinae +, frontal view of head. 35 +Eustrophopsis ornatus +36 +Eustrophopsis crowdyi +, sp. n. 37 +Synstrophus repandus +. + + + + +Figures 38-43. Nearctic +Eustrophinae +, prosternal process. 38 +Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis +39 +Pseudoholostrophus discolor +40 +Holostrophus bifasciatus +41 +Eustrophus tomentosus +42 +Eustrophopsis confinis +43 +Eustrophopsis bicolor +. + + + + +Figures 44-49. Nearctic +Eustrophinae +, prosternal process. 44 +Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus +45 +Eustrophopsis indistinctus +46 +Eustrophopsis arizonensis +47 +Eustrophopsis ornatus +48 +Eustrophopsis crowdyi +, sp. n. 49 +Synstrophus repandus +. + + + + +Figures 50-53. Prothorax (50-52) and hind leg (53) of selected Nearctic +Eustrophinae +. 50 +Eustrophus tomentosus +51 +Eustrophopsis indistinctus +52 +Eustrophopsis arizonensis +53 +Pseudoholostrophus impressicollis +. + + + + +Figures 54-55. Hind leg of selected Nearctic +Eustrophinae +. 54 +Eustrophopsis indistinctus +55 +Synstrophus repandus +. + + + + +Figures 56-61. Aedeagi of Nearctic +Eustrophopsis +spp. 56 +Eustrophopsis confinis +57 +Eustrophopsis bicolor +58 +Eustrophopsis brunneimarginatus +59 +Eustrophopsis indistinctus +60 +Eustrophopsis arizonensis +61 +Eustrophopsis ornatus +. + + + + +Distribution +(Figures 73, 76).The Nearctic distribution of this species is restricted to southernmost Arizona and New Mexico; the range also extends south into Mexico. It is perhaps more widespread in Mexico and Central America, with the U.S. localities representing the northern extent of its range. The 132 specimens are from the following jurisdictions: MEXICO: JALISCO, SONORA. UNITED STATES: ARIZONA: Cochise, Pima, Santa Cruz. NEW MEXICO: Luna. (Complete label data given in Appendix 1). + + +Types. + +Eustrophinus ornatus +Van Dyke. HOLOTYPE, sex unknown, labeled "Chiricahua Mts. Ariz 7000ft. June 21, 1927 / Cave Creek Cochise Co. / J.A. Kusche Collector / Van Dyke Collection / Holotype Eustrophinus ornatus Van Dyke / California Academy of Sciences Type No. 2581", in CASC. + + + +Natural history. +Label data: under dead pine bark (AZ); WPB-baited Lindgren funnel trap (AZ); at UV light (AZ). + + +Notes. + +Van Dyke described this species as +"ornatus" +due to the presence of distinctive, lighter colored markings on the dark elytra. In fact, of all specimens of +Eustrophopsis ornatus +examined for this study (other than the types), only very few specimens exhibited this +"typical" +coloration. Many specimens had only a very faint indication of the lighter coloration, while others were entirely dark. The remarkably modified male antennomeres of this species and +Eustrophopsis crowdyi +is an indication of their possible close relationship. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AE/92/16AE92AF9D8E0CE1058C7726152A6260.xml b/data/16/AE/92/16AE92AF9D8E0CE1058C7726152A6260.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..20b28582e99 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AE/92/16AE92AF9D8E0CE1058C7726152A6260.xml @@ -0,0 +1,606 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Asteraceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/asteraceae.html + +url + + + + + +Taraxacum aquilonare +Hand. -Mazz. + + + + + + +Graugruener +Loewenzahn + + + + + +Art ISFS: 412100 Checklist: 1046020 +Asteraceae +Taraxacum +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand. +-Mazz. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +5-15 cm +hoch. + +Blaetter +blass-blaugruen +, +/- tief +gezaehnt +, mit geraden, 3eckigen +Zaehnen + +. +Huelle +hoechstens +1,5 cm lang. +Aeussere +Huellblaetter +oval bis lanzettlich, +mit weissem Hautrand +, trocken oft +roetlich +hautrandig, die inneren an der Spitze meist ohne kleine +Hoecker +. + +Fruechte +dunkelrot + +, Schnabel 1,5-2mal so lang wie die Frucht. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 7-8 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Rasen, Ruhschutt / montan-alpin / +Oestliches +VS, westliches TI, GR, SZ + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Mittel- und +suedwesteuropaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +232-51 + 4.h.2n=? + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Verletzlich + + + + +Nationale +Prioritaet +: 4 - +Maessige +nationale +Prioritaet + + +Internationale Verantwortung +: 1 - Gering Erhalten/ +Foerdern +Gefaehrdungen +Kleine, isolierte Vorkommen, Datendefizit Fehlende populationsbiologische und +autoekologische +Kenntnisse der Art + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + +
+4.3.1 - Blaugrashalde ( +Seslerion +) +
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +trocken +Lichtzahl Lsehr hellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +unter-alpin, supra-subalpin und ober-subalpin ( +Arven-Laerchenwaelder +) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Abhaengigkeit +vom Wasser + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Fluesse +0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.
Ruhiges Wasser0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.
Grundwasser0 - unbedeutend, keine Bindung.
+ + +Nomenklatur + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Taraxacum aquilonare +Hand. + +-Mazz. + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Graugruener +Loewenzahn + +Nom +francais +: +Pissenlit du nord +Nome italiano: +Tarassaco nordico + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +Checklist 2017 + +412100
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +2300
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +2301
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +2301
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +412100
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +412100
= +Taraxacum aquilonare Hand.-Mazz. + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +1955
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Verletzlich + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: D2 + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU)--
Mittelland (MP)--
Alpennordflanke (NA) +ungenuegende +Datengrundlage (Data Deficient) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) +verletzlich (Vulnerable)D2
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) +verletzlich (Vulnerable)D2
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA)verletzlich (Vulnerable)D2
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +Nationale +Prioritaet + + +4 - +Maessige +nationale +Prioritaet +
+Massnahmenbedarf +0 - Kein Massnahmebedarf
+ +Internationale Verantwortung + +1 - Gering
+ +Ueberwachung +Bestaende + + +0 - +Ueberwachung +ist nicht +noetig +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + +Erhalten/ +Foerdern +Gefaehrdungen +und Massnahmen Kleine, isolierte Vorkommen, Datendefizit Schutz aller +groesseren +Fundstellen (Mikroreservate) Detailkartierung der wichtigen Vorkommen Meldungen zu dieser Art +foerdern +Fehlende populationsbiologische und +autoekologische +Kenntnisse der Art Masterarbeiten und andere wissenschaftliche Arbeiten zur Gattung +Taraxacum +foerdern + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AF/07/16AF07EFAF0923D5E2B3FC41D11F5800.xml b/data/16/AF/07/16AF07EFAF0923D5E2B3FC41D11F5800.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5dc1654f98e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AF/07/16AF07EFAF0923D5E2B3FC41D11F5800.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +Pemphredon Latreille, 1796 + + + + +CEMONUS +Panzer, 1806 + + +DINEURUS +Westwood, 1837 + + +CERATOPHORUS +Shuckard, 1837 + + +DIPHLEBUS +Westwood, 1840 + + +CHEVRIERIA +Kohl, 1883 + + +SUSANOWO +Tsuneki, 1972 + + + +Notes + +Taxonomy follows +Dollfuss (1995) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AF/37/16AF37EAE2F2BAACDE5831D2996F1C24.xml b/data/16/AF/37/16AF37EAE2F2BAACDE5831D2996F1C24.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e355bfdfd3f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AF/37/16AF37EAE2F2BAACDE5831D2996F1C24.xml @@ -0,0 +1,358 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Rosaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/rosaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Alchemilla mollis +(Buser) Rothm. + + + + + +Weicher Frauenmantel + + + + +Art ISFS: 17200 Checklist: 1002020 +Rosaceae +Alchemilla +Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: + +20-100 cm +hoch. +Blaetter +8-22 cm +breit + +, auf 5-25 % des Radius eingeschnitten, +beiderseits dicht samtig behaart +. Haare an Blattstielen und +Staengel ++/- waagrecht abstehend (90-120°). + +Nebenblattoehrchen +auf +1-7 mm +miteinander verwachsen + +. +Bluetenstiele +kahl. Kelchbecher meist behaart, seltener kahl, oft +kuerzer +als die Kelch- und +Aussenkelchblaetter +. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 6-8 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Als Zierpflanze kultiviert und in Parks, Rasen und Staudenfluren verwildert und +eingebuergert +/ kollin-subalpin / + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Suedosteuropaeisch-westasiatisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +334-33 + 2.c.2n=102-106 + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Krautiger Chamaephyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + +KEINE ANGABE + + +
+
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LhalbschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Alchemilla mollis +(Buser) Rothm. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Weicher Frauenmantel +Nom +francais +: + +Alchemille +molle + +Nome italiano: +Ventaglina molle + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. + + +Checklist 2017 + +17200
= +Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +454
= +Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +454
= +Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +17200
= +Alchemilla mollis (Buser) Rothm. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +17200
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500) + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AF/65/16AF654444F68577731A3FC0AF928DEB.xml b/data/16/AF/65/16AF654444F68577731A3FC0AF928DEB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..028a15a95e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AF/65/16AF654444F68577731A3FC0AF928DEB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,863 @@ + + + +A taxonomic synopsis of Altingiaceae with nine new combinations + + + +Author + +Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M. +UA Museum of the North Herbarium (ALA), Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 907 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775 - 6590 USA + + + +Author + +Wen, Jun +Department of Botany, MRC- 166, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, D. C. 20013 - 7012 USA + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2013 + +2013-12-17 + + +31 + + +21 +61 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.31.6251 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.31.6251 +1314-2003-31-21 +3273FFA3FF812C50FFE0FF98024A9177 +576190 + + + + +14. +Liquidambar styraciflua +L., Sp. Pl. 999, 1753. TYPE: +Kalm +, Herb. Linn. No. 1134.1 (LINN), (lectotype designated by Wijnands in Bot. Commelins: 109. 1983, [LINN HL1134.1, seen as image!]). + + + + +Liquidambar barbata +Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. iv. 332, 1812. + + +Liquidambar gummifera +Salisb., Prod. 393, 1796. + + +Liquidambar macrophylla +Oerst., Am. Centr. 16 t. 10, 11, 1863. TYPE. NICARAGUA: Monte Pantasmo. +A.S. Oersted 3050 +(lectotype designated by Sosa in Flora Veracruz 1:2. 1978 [C], as photo at MEXU; isolectotype [F!]). + + +Liquidambar styraciflua +var. +macrophylla +(Oerst.) Nied. in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3, Abt. 2a: 124, fig. 69H, 1891. + + +Liquidambar styraciflua +var. +mexicana +Oerst., Amer. Centr. 16, t. 11. 1863. TYPE. MEXICO: Veracruz: H. +Bartholome +, +F.M. Liebmann 3052 +(lectotype designated by Sosa in Flora Veracruz 1:2. 1978 [C], as photo at ALA! and XAL). + + + +Representative specimens examined. + +Belize +: +Cayo +: Chiquibul, Ceibo Grande to Main Divide, +A.K. Monro 2626 +(MO), Ceibo Grande to drill sites track, +M. Pena 1046 +(MO); Chalate, Vicinity of La Palma, Dept. of Chalatenango, +P.H. Allen 7265 +(F). +El Salvador: +Dept. Chalatenango +: Along trails from San Ignacio to Las Pilas, west slope, +J.M. Tucker 1209 +(F); Chalate, El Jute, +S. Calderon 1928 +(F); Hacienda San Miguel near Metapan, +M.C. Carlson 757 +, (F); On the road between San Salvador and La Palma, +M.C. Carlson 608 +(F); Salvador, Ana, forested slopes between Rio San Miguel and summit of Cerro El Pinal, Pine-aok zone, mountains near Finca San Jose, 10 km, +N.C. Fassett 28302 +, (F, GH, MO); San Ignacio, La Palma, +M. Hernandez 558 +(MO); San Jose Igenio, P.N. Montecristo, +V.M. Martinez 142, 454 +, (MO); 20 kms al SO de Montecristo, +R.A. Molina 12578 +(F). +Guatemala: +Cerro Negro, +J.A. Steyermark 51726 +(A); Chicoyonito, Dept. Alta Verapaz, +J.D. Smith 1855 +(GH); Cocola, Reion de Cocola, northeast of Carcha, Dept. Alta, +P.C. Standley 70309 +(A); Dept. Alta Verapaz, Coban, +H. Tuerckheim 1804 +(E, GH, MO); Dept. Huehuetenango: Cerro Victoria, +J.A. Steyermark 49713 +, (A); Dept. Zacapa: pine-covered slopes, Sierra de las Minas, +J.A. Steyermark 29732 +(A); Dept. Zacapa: along Rillito del Volcan de Monos, +J.A. Steyermark 42409 +, (A); Huehne, Yalambohoch, +E. Seler 3024 +(GH); Nebaj, Dept. Quiche, +A.F. Skutch 1739 +(A); Sierra de las Minas, near San Geronimo, +W.A. Kellerman 6412 +(MO); Valley of Rio de las Violetas, north of Nebaj, +G.R. Proctor 25212 +(F, MO); Verapaz, Baja Verapaz. Mun. Chilasco, 6km al SW de Chilasco, + +L +.P. Tenorio 14900 + +(MO). +Honduras: +Aldea El Carmelo, 1 km SE of Valle de Angeles, +G. Amador 172 +(F); Floresta de pino-liquidambar de la Monatana Zanquin, +R.A. Molina 2834 +(F, GH); Lempira, Celaque National Park, ca. 7 km of Gracias, +T.F. Daniel 9628 +(MO); Rio Pijol Valley, 6-7 km south of Nueva Eperanza, +R.L. Liesner 26609 +(MO); Trencheras, 20 km N of Siguatapeque, +R. Howard 627 +(A); Valle Encantado, slopes of Mt. Uyuca, +P.H. Allen 11181 +(A); +Dept. Morazan +: entre Pena Blany, Lo de Ponce, +L.O. Williams 17113 +(GH); slopes of Cerro de Uyuca, +P.C. Standley 887 +(F); +Dept. Altantida +: vicinty of La Ceiba, near Danto river, +T.G. Yuncker 8776 +(GH); +Dept. of Comayagua +: edge of ravine near El Achote, +T.G. Yuncker 5830 +(F, GH); El Achote, near Siguatepeque, +P.C. Standley 56158 +(A); +Comaya +: bosque mixto y humedo de Barranco Trincheras, +R.A. Molina 10807 +(F); R. Selan, +V. J. Rodriguez 2840 +(F); vicinity of Siquatepeque, +P.C. Standley 6497 +(F); +Cortes +: Montana de Cusuco, Cordillera de Idalfonso, +R.A. Molina 7254 +(F); +Montana +San Cristobal, sur de Agua Fria, +R.A. Molina 7614 +(F); +Montana +Agua Fria, +R.A. Molina 11342 +(F); Montana San Idalfonso entre Banaderos y Cusuco, +R.A. Molina 11454 +(F). +El Paraiso +: Guinope, +V.J. Rodriguez 1883 +(F); +Montana +Teupasenti, entre Junquillo y Teupasenti, +R.A. Molina 11940 +, (F); Mt. Volcan, +L. Williams 12190 +(F); Paraiso; +Lempira: +Montana de Celaque, SE portion of massif, +G. Davidse 34570 +(MO); Mount Elaque National Park, +J. Renfrow 16 +(MO); +Moraza +: 20 km de Tegucigalpa, +Montanna +La Tigra, +A. Rubio 63 +(MO); Bosques del Volcan de Guaimaca, Cordillera Misoco, +R.A. Molina 6127 +(F); Campamento de Las Flores, +P.C. Standley 13708 +(F); Cerca de +Montana +La Tigra, +R.A. Molina 13755 +(F); Faldas de Uyuca, +R.A. Molina 983 +(F); Los Planes. 25 km al N.E. de Tegucigalpa, +S. Y. Chevez 119 +(MO); Pinares entre La Piramide y Zambrano, +R.A. Molina 11034 +(F); Region of El Quebracho, +P.C. Standley 23747 +(F); Valle Encantado, slopes of Mt. Uyuca, +P.H. Allen 11181 +(F); +Ocotep +: Cordillera Merendon 10 km from Nueva Ocotepeque, +R.A. Molina +22235 (F +) +; +Olanch +: +Montana +La Bellota en Cordillera Almendares, +R.A. Molina 8430 +(F); +Siguate +: 7.5 km SW of Gracias, Lempira. Celaque National Park, +T. Hawkins 176 +(MO); Alrededor del Centro de Visitantes, +D. Mejia 357 +(MO); Guamil alrededor de Los Planes, +D. Mejia 402 +(MO). +Mexico: Chiapas +: A 500 m al N de Rayon, camino de Pichucalco, +S.E. Martinez 24118 +(MO); 3 km northwest of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacan, +R.F. Thorne 40034 +(MO); at Rincon Chamula, 12 km northwest of Pueblo Nuevo, +P.H. Raven 19784 +(F); Colegio Linda Vista (Yerba Buena), +G.L. Webster 17747 +(MO); Colonia Kokijaz, +A. Mendez Ton 6087 +(MO); Mpio. De Bochil, Puliupul, +C.H. Perino 3262 +(MO); Ridge with Montane Rain Forest- Pine Oak, +D.E. Breedlove 21762 +(MO); San Andres Larrainzar, +L.G. Gonzalez 233 +(MO); Steep slope with montane rain forest, +D.E. Breedlove 34365 +(MO); West of Tenejapa Center, +D.E. Breedlove 6886 +(F); +Hidalgo +: 5 kms al oeste de Tianguistengo, +M. Hernandez 5630 +(MO), +M. Hernandez 6912 +(MO); 5 kms al oeste de Tianguistengo, district Zacualtipan, +H.E. Moore 1925 +(GH); 4 kms al oeste de Tianguistengo, +(styraciflua) +(MO); along Highway 85, +D.H. Norris, 17397 +(MO); district Jacala, municipality Chapulhuacan, +H.E. Moore 2176 +(GH); district Molango, municipality Molango, +H.E. Moore 1995 +(GH); +Nuevo Leon +: Dulces Nombres, +F.G. Meyer 2799 +(MO); +Oaxaca +: 12 km al N de Guevea de Humboldt, distr. De Juchitan, +R. Torres 2541 +(F); Distrito Mixe: Municipio de Totontepec: Totontepec, +Reyes Rivera, J. 257 +(MO); Loma del Guayabo, Huautla de Jimenez, +M. Hernandez 448 +(MO); +Municipio +de Santiago Comaltepec: La Esperanza, +R. Lopez Luna 27 +(MO); Municipio de Totontepec: Totontepec, +R.J. Rivera 907 +(MO); Municipio de Totontepec, Chinantequilla, +E. Vargaz Ruiz 44, 124 +(MO); +Puebla +: Region Orizaba (second label states Xalapa), +M. Bourgeau 2412 +(GH); +Tamaulipas +: Rancho del Cielo (property of Frank Harrison), ca. 7 km WNW of Gomez Farias, +W. Burger 26 +(F); En el Rancho El Julilo, +S.E. Martinez 3872 +(F); +Veracruz +: 1 km above and NW of San Andres Tlalnehuayocan, +M. Nee 26198 +(F); 1 km al norte de Banderilla, Mun. Banderilla, +J.I. Calzada 5246 +(F); 1 km NW of Elotepec along (impassable), +M. Nee 28898 +(F); 2 km al NE de Banderilla, Rancho La Mesa, Banderilla, +M.G. Zola 500 +(F, MO); 3 km SSW of Zongolica along gravel road to Chichiquila, Mun. Huatusco, +M. Nee 29442, 29444 +(F); 6 km (by road) ESE of Ixhuacan de Los Reyes, Mun. Ixhuacan de Los Reyes, +M. Nee 22484 +(F, GH); 10 km north of Huatusco in typical +Liquidambar +forest, +G.K. Arp 4186 +(F); 18 mi North of Jacala on Highway 85, +D. Seigler 3601 +(F); along Huayacocotla--Zontecomatlan rd., between Barro, La Calabaza and 5 km by road SE of Zilacatipan, Mun. Huayacocotla, +M. Nee 26885 +(F); along very winding road from Naolinco to Misantla, 13 km by road S of turnoff to Yecuatla and 6 km by road N of Paz de Enriquez, Mun. Yecuatla, +M. Nee 26393 +(F); about 8 mi N of Teziutlan, toward El Mohon (near border of state of Puebla), +E.W. Manning 53823 +(GH); between Coscomatepec and Huatusco, +F. Boutin 3480 +(F); Camino Bastonal a Santa Marta, +Gomez-Pompa 5382 +(F); Camino a Rancho Nuevo, Huayacotla, +M. Hernandez M 1499 +(F); Cerca de San Fernando, camino a San Fernando, +O.R. Ortega 1234 +(F); Cerro de Macuiltepetl, Xalapa, +M.G. Zola 697 +(F); Cerro de San Martin, +J.I. Calzada 539 +(F); Cerro de Villa Rica cerca de Mundo Nuevo, +C.G. Castillo +1803, (F); Coacoatzintla, +R. Ortega 837 +(F); Consolapan, 4 km al norte de la desviacion, +J.I. Calzada 5250 +(F); en el volcan Santa Marta a 25 km al N de Catemaco, +S.E. Martinez 3972 +(MO); entre Zongolica y Nepopoalco, Zongolica, +T.V. Vazquez +153 (F); gorge at Puente Acabaloya, ca. 1 km SE of Xico Viejo, +M. Nee 26295 +(F);); Jalapa, +C.G. Pringle 7754 +(GH), +C.L. Smith 1778 +(GH); Jardin Botanico y Arboretum de Insitituto de Investigaciones Sobre Recursos Bioticos (INIREB), ca., 4km SSW of Xalapa, +H.H. Iltis 942 +(F); kilometro 7, carretera San Adresito, Xalapa, +M.G. Zola 616 +(F); Lado SE de Laguna Catemaco, +J.H. Beaman 5148 +(F); Los Tuxtlas, Ocotal Grande, 5 km N de Mecayapan, Ibarra, +G. Manriquez 2339 +(MO); Mun. Juchique Ferrer La Cima, Plan de las Hayas, +M. Hernandez 1610 +(F); Mun. San Andres Tuxtla, Cerro Vigia al E de Volcan San Martin, +J.H. Beaman 6276 +(F); Mun. San Andres Tuxtla, cima del Volcan San Martin, +J.H. Beaman 5970 +(F); Mun. Xalapa, Jardin Botanico Clavijero, 3 km SE of Xalapa, +M. Nee 29700 +(F); Nacaxtla, Zongolica, +T.V. Vazquez 260 +(F); N Banderilla, +J. Dorantes +(MO); Bastonal-Sierra Santa Marta road, +A. Gentry 32417 +(MO); Near Highway 130 between Huachinango and Tulancingo, +J. Conrad 3262 +(F); Near Huatusco, +F. Boutin 3494 +(F); Nogales, +E. Matuda 1157 +(MO); Parque Ecologico of the Jardin Botanico Fco. Javier, Clavijero, 2km SW of Jalapa along road to Coatepec, +M. Nee 23457 +(F); Paz de Enriquez cloud forest, 15 km south of Misantla, +L. Bohs 1798 +(GH); Orizaba, +Botteri 860 +(GH); Paxopec, Municipio de Cacoatzintla, +F.A. Ventura 19250 +(MO); Rancho del Mesa, Municipio Banderilla, +R.W. Marquez 997 +(F); Rancho Nuevo entre Plan de las Hayas y Tierra, +C.G. Castillo 1350 +(F); Ridge on S side of gorge of Cascada de Texolo, 3 km SE of Villa Xico (Xico=Jico), +M. Nee 26005 +(F); Road to microwave station from Ran +cho +Chula Vista near Coscomatepec, +F. Boutin 3485 +(F); Sierra de Sta. Marta, +M. Sousa 3548 +(F, MO); Loc. Choapan, Mpio. Santiago Choapan, +L.P. Tenorio 5329 +(MO); Tenejapa, carretera Huatusco - Coscomatepec, + +R. +Avendano +277 + +(F); Tlalneuayocan, +M.G. Zola 651 +(F); Vaxin, cerca del Volcan San Martin, +M. Sousa 3433 +(F, MO); vicinity of small dam, 1/2 km W of Cinco Palos and 8 km NW of Consolapan, Mun. Jalapa, +M. Nee 29689 +(F); Xonamanca, Zongolica, +T.V. Vazquez 286 +(F); Camino al Sumidero, Xalapa, +M.G. Zola 746 +(F). +Nicagaragua: Jinotego +: Esteli, N slope of Cerro El Fraile, +W.D. Stevens 18095 +(MO); Finca Aventina, in sierra east of Jinotega, +P.C. Standley 10026 +(F); Hacienda La Balestina, situada a unos 10 km E de la ciudad de Jinotega, +A. Grijalva 250 +(MO); Macizos de Penas Blancas, +W.D. Stevens 11510 +(MO); N slope of Volcan Yali, +W.D. Stevens 15074 +(MO; +Madriz +: 5 km SW of San Juan de Rio Coco, +W.D. Stevens 17665 +(MO); 5.2 km N of San Fernando, +W.D. Stevens +(MO); Cerro El Fraile, +P.P. Moreno 22766 +(MO); +Matagalpa +: 5 km east of Yucul, +C.E. Hughes 330 +(MO); Cerca de entrada a bosque de Selva Negra, +M. Araquistain 3538 +(MO); El Ocotal km 134 between Matagalpa and Santa Maria, +R.A. Molina 20435 +(F, MO); Macizos de Penas, Blancas, SE side, +W.D. Stevens 21054 +(MO); Sta. Maria de Ostuma, Cordillera Central de Nicaragua, +L.O. Williams 28004 +, +23388 +(F); +Wiwili +: Deparmento de Nueva Segovia: ca. 5.2 km N of San Fernando, valley of Rio San Fernando, +G.W. Stevens 3248 +(MO); Jinotega, Municipio de Wiwili, Reserva Natural Kilambe, Communidad Aguas Frias, sector Caballo, +R. Rueda 16311 +(MO); +Nueva Segovia +: Cerro Mogoton, +J.T. Atwood 9 +(MO), +D.A. Neil s.n +. (F); Cerro Mogoton, 0.5 km W of El Volcan, 3.5 km NE of Dipilto, +S. Tomlin 176 +(MO); Dipilto, El Placer, km 247 carretera a Las Manos, +P.P. Moreno 25910 +(MO); Rio Arenal de Yali, Jalapa, +J.T. Atwood 6816 +(MO). +U.S.A.: Alabama +: Alabama Biological Survey, Auburn, Earle, F. S., (MO); Alabama, Rt. 11, near Knoxville, +C.F. Reed 102737 +(MO); Bienville Blvd., near Cadillac Sq., Dauphin Island, +R. Deramus 1043 +(MO); Rt. 21, 1 mi S of Riedmont, +C.F. Reed 149022 +(MO); Rt. 31, near Stapleton, +C.F. Reed 103825 +(MO); +Arkansas +: 0.8 mi north of Arkansas-Louisiana state line; Hulton, +B.F. Bush 2425 +(MO); Boston Mountains, +P.H. Raven 26323 +(MO); Bottoms, P.O. Malvern, Hot Springs Co., +D. Delmaree 14502 +(MO); Brazil, +D. Delmaree 10971 +(MO); Bruton, +J.M. Greenman 4299 +, (MO); Flat woods, P.O. Star City, +D. Delmaree 16748 +(MO); Lake City, +D. Delmaree 6945 +(MO); Lookout Mountain. Near the line between Tennessee and Georgia which crosses the mountain, +J.R. Churchill s.n +. (MO); Monticello PO, +D. Delmaree 1661 +(MO); Near Nogo, +G.M. Merrill 61 +(MO); Nogo, +G.M. Merrill 168 +(MO); Ponca, +L. Hubricht 1357 +(MO); Rush, Marion County, along streams, +E.J. Palmer 6031 +(MO); Springs National Park, +L.H. Pammel 189 +(MO); Westfork, +E.J. Palmer 8223 +(MO); Woods along White River, near Calico Rock, +E.J. Palmer 35546 +(MO); Yell County: Bridge over the Petit Jean River, 2.6 miles north of Ola on State Hwy., +T.G. Lammers 8304 +(F); +Conneticut +: Driftway Lane, +F.C. Seymour 20577 +(MO); Woods, Tokeneke, near Darien, +R. C. Ward s.n +. (MO); +Florida +: Eglin Air Force Base; 11.7 mi east of Florida State Route 285 on Air Force Base Route 213, +J.S. Miller 9554 +(MO); Gainesville and vicinity of Lake Alice, +T.B. Croat 25056 +(MO); Near Jacksonville, +A.H. Curtiss 4530 +(MO); Hummock land, vicinity of Eustis, Lake County, +G.V. Nash 860 +(MO); Swales along Rt. 17, N of Yulee near Goodbread Circle, +C.F. Reed 102948 +(MO); Tall Timbers Research Station on S-12 north of +Talahassee +, +D.A. Breil 376 +(MO); Woods near Oak Hill, Volusia Co., +C.F. Reed 35659 +(MO); Woods, Rt. 41, 2 mi N of Brooksville, +C.F. Reed 101308 +(MO); +Georgia +: 1/2 mi S of Brewton, +G.L. Bracewell 42 +(MO); 2.4 mi E of Ailey on US 280, +J.C. Solomon 2070 +(MO); Alapha River swamp, 6 mi S of Stockton, +J. Norsworthy +(MO); Edge of Damp woods, Leslie, +R.M. Harper 1391 +(MO); Farm Woods, Rt. 301 just N of Ogeeche River, +C.F. Reed 116746 +(MO); Flood plain and banks of Ty Creek, +W.R. Faircloth 3374 +(MO); Hammock area (elevated terrain) surrounded by low pinelands on the E side of Moody AFB Reservation, +W.R. Faircloth 3709 +(MO); +Illinois +: 2.9 mi S of Gorham Rd. on ILL 3, then 3.9 mi E on Turkey Bayou Rd., bank of the big muddy river, +J.C. Solomon 3719 +(MO); Fountain Bluff, mesic woods along summit roadside, +R. Carlson s.n +. (MO); Horseshoe Island, +G.N. Jones 12054 +(MO); Mound city, +E.J. Palmer 14826 +(MO); Near Mississippi River, Chester, +E.J. Palmer 44553 +(MO); Tunnel Hill, +E.J. Palmer 15227 +(MO); +Indiana +: Awensvillle, +C.F. Reed 3213 +(MO); Near Arlington, +C.F. Reed 3494 +(MO); Brandywine, +C.F. Reed 2840 +(MO); Calvert Co., +C.F. Reed 2463 +(MO); Damp woods along River R. near Herald Beach, +C.F. Reed 30915 +(MO); David Hill Park, Balto, +W.N. Lee 6 +(MO); Double Rock Park, Parkerville, +L.E. Schauer s.n +. (MO); Flats Region, Guthrie Memorial Tract, +R.C. Friesner 10161 +(MO); Indian Head, +C.F. Reed 3079 +(MO); Lower Marlboro, +C.F. Reed 4829 +(MO); marches just south of Curtes Bay, Brandens Shore, +C.F. Reed 31066 +(MO); Middle River, +C.F. Reed 3094 +(MO); Oak-maple woods, Rt. 313, 1 mi N of Mossey, +C.F. Reed 127985 +(MO); on Rantan Formation, Elk Neck State Park at Rogus Harbor Boating facility cutoff, +C.F. Reed 126623 +(MO); Pt. Lookout.527, St. M., +C.F. Reed 2476 +(MO); Shiloh, +C.F. Reed 409 +(MO); Swampy woods E of Patiewment, S of Upper Marlboro, +C.F. Reed 22817 +(MO); Swampy woods near Pomonkey, +C.F. Reed 23414 +(MO); Wicomico, +C.F. Reed 2533 +(MO); woods along road to Southland Bog, +C.F. Reed 125997 +(MO); woods just north of East Riverside, +C.F. Reed 29353 +(MO); Woods Point Park, Bush R., +C.F. Reed 128078 +(MO); woods south of Drum Point, +C.F. Reed 29290 +(MO); Warwick, between Rt. 282 and Rt. 301, +C.F. Reed 136283 +(MO); +Kentucky +: 1 mile north of Cogswell, Rowan County, wet ditches, +C.F. Reed s.n +. (MO); 1 mile north of Cogswell, Rowan County, wet ditches, +C.F. Reed 13437 +(MO); along Ison Creek, on igneaous mica-perodotite dike west of Stephens, +C.F. Reed 115816 +(MO); along Axley Branck, Morehead, +H. Williston 111 +(MO); along Maxon Rd., just w of Concord, off Rt. 60, +C.F. Reed 110706 +(MO); Bowling Green, +S.F. Price s.n +. (MO); Georgetown, +C.F. Reed 81477 +(MO); Low woodlands, Rte. 68, near Erie, +C.F. Reed 129641 +(MO); Near Reed, Rt. 60, +C.F. Reed 117576 +(MO); Near Wago, Rt. 90. 3 mi W of Albany, +C.F. Reed 52888 +(MO); Redd Hallow, L.B.L., 0.5 mi W of Kentucky 94, +K. Hutchens 12 +(MO); Rt. 42, Skylight, +C.F. Reed 44907 +(MO); +Robey's +Swamp, 3 mi NW of Franklin, +C.F. Reed 82311 +(MO); Rt. 45, 1.5 mi NE of Water Valley, +C.F. Reed 52801 +(MO); Rt. 470, Larue Co., near Buffalo, +C.F. Reed 45066 +(MO); Woods at Lovely, +C.F. Reed 75623 +(MO); Woods, Diohmans Springs, 7 mi NW of Barbourville, +C.F. Reed 7176 +(MO); Woods near Goddard, Fleming Co., +C.F. Reed 10446 +(MO); +Louisiana +: 15 ft. from University Lake along Lousiana 42, S of Baton Rouge, +K. Sijam s.n +. (MO); 2 miles north of Gorum, Kisatchie Wood, Natchitiches Parish, +J. Ewan 17630 +(MO); 6 mi West of Ruston on Lousiana 507, +P. Lohman 31 +(MO); Cemetery, waste area and neighboring woodlands, +J.K. Parrott 427 +( +MO); Cypress Creek bottom, two miles N of Vienna, +G. Fischer 20 +(MO); just north of +D'Arbonne +Fire Tower, +P. Both 315 +(MO); Ponchatoula, Williams Lumber, (MO); +Mississipi +: Meramec State Park. Cambell Hollow, +D. Dress 4 +(MO); Natchez, +F. Shimak s.n +. (MO). Ocean Springs, Shekan, J., (MO); +Missouri +: at base of limestone bluffs alongs Frederick Pork near "The Narrows", west of Calm, +J.A. Steyermark 18919 +(MO); base of Black Mtn., +J.A. Steyermark 21077 +(MO); base of wooded lime slopes along spring branch of Williams spring on east side of current river, T25N, R1E, sect. 34, SW of Grandin, +J.A. Steyermark 11853 +(MO); Bilsted, Gum near Illmo, +A. Christ s.n +. (MO); Campbell Mts., +B.F. Bush 227 +(MO); Ca. 8 mi NE of Salem (T35 R4W S33 S2 SE4), Upper Ozark Section of Ozark Natural Division. Indian Trail conservation Area, +T. Smith 3500 +(MO); Columbia, near corner of Paquin an Waugh Streets, +C. Dietrich 265 +(MO); Kirkwood, +F. Comte 437 +(MO); low ground area in valley Blue Spring Itol, T27 N, R7 E sect. 20, 2 mi E of Chaonia, +J.A. Steyermark 6313 +(MO); lowland woods between Menfro and Belgique, 2 mi southwest of Belgique, +J.A. Steyermark 14027 +(MO); on a siding of the Terminal Railroad Association, +V. Muehlenbach 3361 +(MO); Pleasant Grove, +B.F. Bush 258 +(MO), +K.K. Mackenzie 421 +(MO); Poplar Bluffs, +G. Letterman s.n +. (MO), +H. Eggert s.n +. (MO); rich swampy woods on elevated portion, +J.A. Steyermark 8662 +(MO); Timber Tract, 10 mi southwest of Wolf Island; Low woods along mud creek, T26N, R7E, sect. 20, 2 mi northwest of Rombauer, +J.A. Steyermark 11294 +(MO); Williamsville, +E.J. Palmer 4805 +(MO); Woods, Butler County, +B.F. Bush 3721 +(MO); +North Carolina +: Dry open woods east of Chapel Hill off 15-501, +J.P. May 95 +(MO); near +Sisk's +house, foot of Table rock, +S.K. Small 292 +(MO); Swamps, Bladen Country, Biltmore, 4178, (MO); Open marshy area, Durham, +C. Henninger s.n +. (MO); Woods just S of Grandy, Currituk Co., +C.F. Reed 41634 +(MO); +Oklahoma +: Broken Bow, +E.J. Palmer 10496 +(MO); growing on flat ground in valley, +H. Newton 94 +(MO); near Page, +G.W. Stevens 2634 +(MO); wet sandy loam soil in a wood, 4 mi SW of Broken Bow, +R. Stratton 585 +(MO); +Pennsylvania +: N of Boulevard, along Philadelphia-Trenton border of P.R.R., Cedar Grove, +J.W. Adams 177 +(MO); +South Carolina +: 1 mile north of Bloomfield, low pasture, beside Hwy 25, +A. Chandler 2047 +(MO); Anderson, +J. Davis s.n +. (MO); McKinney Spring, +J. Davis s.n +. (MO); +Simpson's +Mill near Anderson, +J. Davis s.n +. (MO); Upper coastal plain, sandy soil, +M.L. Conrad 11171 +(MO): +Tennessee +: Hancock-Claiborne County line, Damp cove, +Vogenberger 8066 +(MO); Knoxville, +A. Ruth s.n +. (MO); Aumville (?), +A. Ruth 271 +(MO); Nashville 12 mi west on River Rd., +E. Quaterman 1036 +(MO); Near Memphis, +E.J. Palmer 17516 +(MO); Near Shepherd, +E.J. Palmer 17478 +(MO); +Texa +s: 2nd Bottom, +E.D. Marshall 8711 +(MO); Big Thicket National Preserve. Lance Rosier Unit. Ca., +J. Stone 3096 +(MO); Houston, +B.F. Bush 16, 22 +(MO); Livingston, Polk county, +E.J. Palmer 5235 +(MO); +West Virginia +: Banks of James River, near Richmond, +J.R. Churchill s.n +. (MO); Camden Ave., near Ritchie St., Buchanon, +G.B. Rossbach s.n +. (MO); Carrollton, Isle of Wight Co, +C.F. Reed 102408 +(MO); Huntington, +Williams 306 +(MO); Miles Creek, Rt. 58, 6 mi S of South hill, +C.F. Reed 53398 +(MO); Paducah, McCracken County, +E.J. Palmer 17884 +(MO); Pigeon creek near Enons School, Mingo County, +E.E. Berkley 966 +(MO); Rt. 617 off Rt. 205, NE of Edgehill, +C.F. Reed 130382 +(MO); woods near Norfolk, +F. Blanchard +vicinity of Norfolk, +M.C. Jensen s.n +. (MO); Walls Run Creek at Rt. 10 near Rt. 609, +C.F. Reed 89698 +(MO); +woods +south of Suffolk, +C.F. Reed 8946 +(MO); +s.n +. (MO); woods, 8 mi SW of South Hill, Rt. 58, Mecklenburg Co., +C.F. Reed 53404 +(MO); woods along Rt. 14, Mattaponi, King and Queen Co., C. +F. Reed 45994 +(MO); woods just E of Pohick Church, on Old Colchester Rd., +C.F. Reed 103177 +(MO); woods just W of Camplain P.O., Rt. 17, +C.F. Reed 100957 +(MO). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AF/65/16AF65E0732C5168ABFCD1B333EBD608.xml b/data/16/AF/65/16AF65E0732C5168ABFCD1B333EBD608.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ac657f04d56 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AF/65/16AF65E0732C5168ABFCD1B333EBD608.xml @@ -0,0 +1,247 @@ + + + +A review of Diplommatina species in eastern Thailand with the descriptions of five new species + + + +Author + +Dumrongrojwattana, Pongrat +Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand +pongrat@buu.ac.th + + + +Author + +Kamtuptim, Chanakarn +Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand + + + +Author + +Wongkamhaeng, Koraon +Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7671-8869 + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2020 + +8 + + +57689 +57689 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e57689 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e57689 +1314-2828-8-e57689 +C64E4072151642149AA929407AFD28F8 +0B1409D35772513D82AA8939048BC260 + + + + +Diplommatina chadathongae Kamtuptim, Dumrongrojwattana & Wongkamhaeng 2020 +sp. n. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. +Occurrence: +catalogNumber: +ZRCBUU-0092 +; recordedBy: +Pongrat Dumrongrojwattana +; individualCount: +1 +; lifeStage: +adult +; preparations: dry shell material; +Taxon: +scientificName: Diplommatinachadathongae; +Location: +country: +Thailand +; stateProvince: Chanthaburi; locality: +Wat Khaowongkotrujiwongsaram, Kanghaengmaeo District +; verbatimCoordinates: +12°53'11.4"N +101°49'06.2"E +; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; +Identification: +identifiedBy: +Pongrat Dumrongrojwattana +; dateIdentified: 2012; +Event: +samplingProtocol: +hand collecting +; eventDate: +2020 +; habitat: limestone hills; +Record Level: +language: en; collectionCode: +Mollusc +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + +Type status: +Paratype +. +Occurrence: +catalogNumber: +ZRCBUU-0093 +; recordedBy: +Pongrat Dumrongrojwattana +; individualCount: +29 +; lifeStage: +adult +; preparations: dry shell material; +Taxon: +scientificName: Diplommatinachadathongae; +Location: +country: +Thailand +; stateProvince: Chanthaburi; locality: +Wat Tam Khaochan, Khaochakan District +; verbatimCoordinates: +12°53'11.4"N +101°49'06.2"E +; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; +Identification: +identifiedBy: +Pongrat Dumrongrojwattana +; dateIdentified: 2012; +Event: +samplingProtocol: +hand collecting +; eventDate: +2020 +; habitat: limestone hills; +Record Level: +language: en; collectionCode: +Mollusc +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Description + +Holotype. +Shell height 1.61 mm, shell width 0.78 mm. Aperture height 0.50 mm, aperture width 0.60 mm. Shell width/shell height ratio = 0.49. Aperture width/aperture height ratio = 1.21 (Fig. +2 +C). + + +Paratypes (6 shells). +Shell height 1.93-2.07 mm (1.98 ++/- +0.05 mm), shell width 0.84-0.93 mm (0.88 ++/- +0.03 mm). Aperture height 0.51-0.63 mm (0.58 ++/- +0.05 mm). Aperture width 0.59-0.67 mm (0.63 ++/- +0.02 mm). Shell width/shell height ratio = 0.45 ++/- +0.01. Aperture width/aperture height ratio = 1.09 ++/- +0.07. + + +Shell +minute dextral, cylindrical, translucent, whitish, with about 5 +3/4 +whorls that increase regularly in size and diameter until the last whorl; +protoconch +orange, smooth, consisting of 1 +1/2 +whorls; +teleoconch +light orange, consisting of about 4 +1/4 +keeled whorls; +sculpture +consists of strong, rather narrowly-spaced radial ribs which are about 20 ribs/mm on the penultimate whorl and about 14 ribs/mm on the body whorl; +sutures +well impressed; +umbilicus +closed; +aperture +round; +peristome +thickened and expanded and doubled; +columellar +lamella well developed and directed anteriorly (Fig. +4 +). + + + +Diagnosis +Shell minute, dextral, cylindrical, translucent, whitish, teleoconch sculpture of narrowly-spaced axial ribs, whorls aperture rounded, columellar lamella well developed, peristome thickened, expanded and doubled. + + +Etymology + +We named this new species " + +chadathongae + +" in memory of the second author's beloved mother, Ms. Wiang Chadathong. + + + +Distribution +Only known from the type locality. + + +Taxon discussion + + +Diplommatina chadathongae + +sp. n. is another one of the Thai smallest + +Diplommatina + +species (average shell height = 1.69 ++/- +0.04 mm) and same size as + +D. krabiensis + +Panha & Burch, 1998 (shell height of type specimens are 1.6-1.7 mm and average shell height = 1.69 ++/- +0.04 mm). This new species differs from + +D. krabiensis + +by its dextral, cylindrical, narrowly-fine radial ribs, while the smallest species is sinistral, shell fusiform or ovate with widely-spaced radial ribs. This new species differs from + +Diplommatina miriensis + +Godwin-Austen, 1917 from Nepal by its shell being more slender and columellar lamella well developed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/AF/B8/16AFB80D0F335632B412BAA7F98D247D.xml b/data/16/AF/B8/16AFB80D0F335632B412BAA7F98D247D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..19f4f13a423 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/AF/B8/16AFB80D0F335632B412BAA7F98D247D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ + + + +Comparative geometric morphometrics of male genitalia in Xiphocentron subgenera (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): new species, revision and phylogenetic systematics of the subgenus Sphagocentron + + + +Author + +Vilarino, Albane +0000-0003-3912-8928 +Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil + + + +Author + +Calor, Adolfo R. +0000-0003-3975-3176 +Universidade Federal da Bahia, Instituto de Biologia, Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil + +text + + +Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny + + +2024 + +2024-05-21 + + +82 + + +407 +431 + + + +journal article +10.3897/asp.82.e112587 +CB81B265-46A0-4247-A2F2-C9AC2394BC4E + + + + + +Xiphocentron +( +Sphagocentron +) +julus +Schmid, 1982 + + + + + +Figures 10 A – C + + + + +Schmid 1982: 56 +[Type locality: +Holotype +MEXICO +• +♂ +; +Veracruz +, Puente Nacional, + +USNM + +]. — +Armitage et al. 2018: 3 +[distribution]. — +Harris and Armitage 2019: 7 +[distribution]. — +Armitage et al. 2021: 8 +[distribution]. — +Bueno-Soria et al. 2022: 201 +[checklist]. + + + + +Material examined. + + + +MEXICO +• +♂ +; +Veracruz +, +Puente Nacional +, + +15. vi. 1964 + +, +F. S. Blanton +leg., + +USNM + + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + + +Xiphocentron julus + +is particularly similar to + +X. tampati + + +sp. nov. + +by the posterior margin of sternum IX mostly straight with very small mesal lobes; and can be differentiated from this and other species mainly by the uniform width of the preanal appendage, the posterior margin of sternum IX mostly straight with very small mesal lobes, and the paraproct apex oblique. + + + + +Synopsis. + + +Male. Forewing length 4.0 mm. Color overall brown, forewing uniformly dark brown. Genitalia (Fig. +10 A – C +). Tergum IX in lateral view, wide basally, narrower apically (Fig. +10 A +); in dorsal view, posterior margin with two ogival shaped lobes and small lateral flanges (Fig. +10 B +). Sternum IX, in ventral view, posterior margin abruptly truncated, straight at its ventro-apical margin, forming two low lobes, barely produced (Fig. +10 C +). Paraproct, in lateral view, slender tapering to a pointed apex (Fig. +10 A +); in dorsal view, apex round and forming two apical lobes (Fig. +10 B +). Preanal appendage in lateral view, regularly narrow and pointed at apex (Fig. +10 A +). Inferior appendage, in lateral view, about 2.5 × as long as tergum IX, coxopodite and harpago completely fused to each article, inner face with longitudinal area of dense, long spine-like setae, and row of regular setae from midlenght to apex (Fig. +10 A +); basal region (coxopodite) wide, mesal sclerite region indistinct; apical region (harpago) narrow, digitate 2 × as long as basal region, curved dorsad (Fig. +10 A +); in dorsal view, strongly curved mesad, apex twisted posterad (Fig. +10 B +). Phallus tubular, very long and narrow, reaching segment V, basally conical, subapically annulate, weakly sclerotized, apex enlarged. + + + + + + + +Xiphocentron +( +Sphagocentron +) +julus +Schmid, 1982 + +, holotype, male ( +USNM +). Genitalia: +A +left lateral, +B +dorsal, +C +ventral. Modified from +Schmid (1982) +. Small dots are inferred based on other species. + + + + + +Distribution. + + +Mexico +, +Panama +. + + + + +Remarks. + + +Type +was fixed in a permanent slide and displayed in lateral view. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B0/C2/16B0C25AAA9036F75D0B43609000F002.xml b/data/16/B0/C2/16B0C25AAA9036F75D0B43609000F002.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..00c5f928996 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B0/C2/16B0C25AAA9036F75D0B43609000F002.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Scandix nodosa +, +spec. nov. + + + +6. Scandix seminibus subcylindricis hispidis, caule hispido, geniculis tumidis. + +Chaerophyllum articulis tumidis, umbella universali trifida. +Hort. cliff. 102. Roy. lugdb. 112. + + +Cerefolium annuum nodosum, semine aspero majore. +Moris. hist. 3. p.303. s.9. t.10. f.4. + + +Myrrhis nodosa annua, semine aspero. +Moris. blaes. 288. + + + + +Habitat in +Sicilia +. ☉ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B1/07/16B107DBA14A83F69F2BA73A1F22D8F9.xml b/data/16/B1/07/16B107DBA14A83F69F2BA73A1F22D8F9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..abf57f1c669 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B1/07/16B107DBA14A83F69F2BA73A1F22D8F9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe +Apatini Billberg, 1820 + + + + +Apatides +Billberg, 1820a: 47 [stem: Apat-]. Type genus: +Apate +Fabricius, 1775 [nomen protectum (see Borowski and +Wegrzynowicz +2009)]. Comment: this family-group name was also used in the same year by Billberg (1820b: 394, as +Apatides +). + + +Ligniperdidae +Jacobi, 1906: 139 [stem: Ligniperd-]. Type genus: +Ligniperda +Pallas, 1772 [nomen oblitum (see Borowski and +Wegrzynowicz +2009); syn. of +Apate +Fabricius, 1775]. + + +Chileniidae +Lesne, 1921b: 287 [stem: Chileni-]. Type genus: +Chilenius +Lesne, 1921. + + +Bostrychopsini +Lesne, 1921b: 288 [stem: Bostrychopse-]. Type genus: +Bostrychopsis +Lesne, 1899 [syn. of +Apate +Fabricius, 1775]. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B1/3C/16B13C9EC16331B0BDA6B193C54DB687.xml b/data/16/B1/3C/16B13C9EC16331B0BDA6B193C54DB687.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ba526d99a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B1/3C/16B13C9EC16331B0BDA6B193C54DB687.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +Guide to the Vascular Flora of the Savannas and Flatwoods of Shaken Creek Preserve and Vicinity (Pender & Onslow Counties, North Carolina, U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Thornhill, Robert + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Lindbo, David + + + +Author + +Stucky, Jon + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1099 +1099 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1099 +1314-2828--1099 + + + + +Andropogon dealbatus (C. Mohr ex Hack.) Weakley & LeBlond + + + +Distribution +Wet pine savannas (SPS-T, VWLPS). + + +Notes + +Occasional. +Sep-Oct +. Thornhill 1113, 1118, 1196 (NCSC). Specimens seen in the vicinity: Sandy Run [ +Haw's +Run]: Taggart SARU 647 (as +Andropogon capillipes +var. 2), Taggart SARU 662 (WNC!). [< +Andropogon virginicus +L. sensu RAB; < +Andropogon virginicus L. var. glaucus +Hack. sensu FNA; = Weakley] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B1/6B/16B16B32BB7F0EF7897F51CBF2BC2402.xml b/data/16/B1/6B/16B16B32BB7F0EF7897F51CBF2BC2402.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ddfa3382b16 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B1/6B/16B16B32BB7F0EF7897F51CBF2BC2402.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part E) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +490 +515 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Epidendrum domesticum +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +2 + +: 952. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Indiae orientalis Bataviae arboribus, parasitica." RCN: 6877. + + + +Lectotype +(Garay in +Harvard Pap. Bot. +2: 49. 1997): [icon] " +Angurek warna +" in Kaempfer, Amoen. Exot. Fasc.: 867, 869. 1712. - +Epitype +(Goldblatt & Mabberley in +Novon +15: 129. 2005): +E. Davall +in + +Herb. J.E. Smith, No. 89.42 ( +LINN-SM +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + +Belamcanda chinensis +(L.) A. DC. + +( +Iridaceae +). + + + + +Note: +The name has been associated with the genus + +Vanilla + +, probably as a result of Linnaeus reducing it to an unnamed variety of + +E. vanilla + +( +Sp. Pl. +, ed. 2, 2: 1348. 1763), and is evidently based on the cited Kaempfer reference. However, Garay has recently typified the name using part of +Kaempfer's +illustration that he identifies as + +Belamcanda chinensis +(L.) DC. + +( +Iridaceae +). As a consequence, + +E. domesticum + +falls into the synonymy of the latter. However, if + +Belamcanda + +is subsumed within +Iris +, as favoured by Goldblatt & Mabberley (in +Novon +15: 128-132. 2005), the correct name for + +E. domesticum + +is + +I. domestica +(L.) Goldblatt & Mabb. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B1/90/16B19028903643F26512CB449BCAA6E5.xml b/data/16/B1/90/16B19028903643F26512CB449BCAA6E5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3308fd3feb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B1/90/16B19028903643F26512CB449BCAA6E5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + + +Chelonus (Chelonus) acuminatus +Herrich-Schaeffer +, 1838 + + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes +NMS, det. Huddleston, added here + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B1/D8/16B1D8D4DF26DDF918240245198BC01C.xml b/data/16/B1/D8/16B1D8D4DF26DDF918240245198BC01C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c56aaaaa815 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B1/D8/16B1D8D4DF26DDF918240245198BC01C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828-4-8151 + + + + +Chorebus euryale (Nixon, 1944) + + + + +Dacnusa euryale +Nixon, 1944 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B2/68/16B2686F8B5DDE2618F2553FE4CFE84C.xml b/data/16/B2/68/16B2686F8B5DDE2618F2553FE4CFE84C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..13ab29fa8dd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B2/68/16B2686F8B5DDE2618F2553FE4CFE84C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + + +Mesoleptus distinctus ( +Foerster +, 1876) + + + + + +Exolytus distinctus +Foerster +, 1876 + + +flavipes +(Thomson, 1884, +Atractodes +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales + + +Notes + +added by +Jussila et al. (2010) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B2/BF/16B2BFBAB4EA76B7BFABAF529A1CD8A8.xml b/data/16/B2/BF/16B2BFBAB4EA76B7BFABAF529A1CD8A8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ea78cbaf89e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B2/BF/16B2BFBAB4EA76B7BFABAF529A1CD8A8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe +Mauesiini Lane, 1956 + + + + +Mauesinae +Lane, 1956: 19 [stem: Mauesi-]. Type genus: +Mauesia +Lane, 1956. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B3/84/16B3842FA6B3B4D2E2038D24B6471A0E.xml b/data/16/B3/84/16B3842FA6B3B4D2E2038D24B6471A0E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5a3169edfdc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B3/84/16B3842FA6B3B4D2E2038D24B6471A0E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + + +Simandrena +Perez +, 1890 + + + + + +PLATANDRENA +Viereck, 1924 + + +STENANDRENA +Timberlake, 1949 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B3/E8/16B3E8B2AF20D9943B4C125E85203CE0.xml b/data/16/B3/E8/16B3E8B2AF20D9943B4C125E85203CE0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37b36d3790c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B3/E8/16B3E8B2AF20D9943B4C125E85203CE0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +Descriptions de nouveaux formicides africains et notes diverses. - II. + + + +Author + +Santschi, F. + +text + + +Revue de Zoologie Africaine + + +1924 + +12 + + +195 +224 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3607/3607.pdf + +journal article +3607 + + + + +92. - +Macromichoides aculeatus st. militaris +n. st. + + + +(fig. 8 g). +[[ worker ]] Long: 5 a 5,2 mm. Rouge sombre; base du gastre jaune brunatre; reste du gastre, dessus des n oe uds, epines, pattes et antennes d'un brun noiratre; le bout du funicule et derniers tarses roussatres. Plus grossierement ride rugueux qu' aculeatus, surtout sur la tete qui en est moins luisante. Un sillon plus marque entre les epaules du pronotum. Les epines, longues et robustes atteignent le milieu du postpetiole et leurs bases sont assez epaisses pour paraitre presque contigues. Postpetiole lisse dessus, aussi long que large. + + +Congo belge: Basongo VII, 1921 (Dr. H. Schouteden) Quelques [[ queen ]]. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B4/05/16B4058F9C3D9784BD89BDF58B035F5A.xml b/data/16/B4/05/16B4058F9C3D9784BD89BDF58B035F5A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f245281515c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B4/05/16B4058F9C3D9784BD89BDF58B035F5A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +Myrmecologische Studien. + + + +Author + +Mayr, G. + +text + + +Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien + + +1862 + +12 + + +649 +776 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4445/4445.pdf + +journal article +4445 +DA235B82-5671-44E8-B2F3-B0440AC51542 + + + + +31. +C. crassus +n. sp. + + + +[[ worker ]] Laenge: 7 - 8,5 mm. Tiefschwarz, matt, sehr fein und dicht fingerhutartig punctirt, Wangen vorne und Schaft roth, Geissel und die 4 letzten Tarsenglieder gelbroth. Die abstehende Behaarung reichlich, die anliegende spaerlich. Mandibeln glaenzend und weitlaeufig grob punctirt. Clypeus vorne etwas lappig, in der Mitte schwach ausgerandet. Thorax kurz, vorne breit, oben ziemlich flach, Metanotum so breit als das Metasternum, abschuessige Flaeche fast senkrecht. Schuppe etwas breiter als hoch, oben breiter als unten, oberer Rand bogig, nicht ausgerandet. + + +Rio Janeiro (Novara). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B4/18/16B41844F8AE20469FCDF1ACFD7331EB.xml b/data/16/B4/18/16B41844F8AE20469FCDF1ACFD7331EB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75c34debd88 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B4/18/16B41844F8AE20469FCDF1ACFD7331EB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +A new species of Aulacaspis Cockerell, 1893 from China with a key to Chinese species (Hemiptera, Coccoidea, Diaspididae) + + + +Author + +Wei, Jiufeng + + + +Author + +Jing, Xiaopeng + + + +Author + +Zhang, Hufang + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +619 + + +13 +24 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.619.9399 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.619.9399 +1313-2970-619-13 +3A35F45DB6E94CEBA367FD1C5DDFACAF +3A35F45DB6E94CEBA367FD1C5DDFACAF + + + + +Taxon +classification Animalia Hemiptera Diaspididae + + + + +Aulacaspis zunyiensis +sp. n. +Figures 1-9 + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype and 11 paratypes, adult female. China: Guizhou Province. Zunyi city, longitude 106.9122, latitude: 27.7087, on +Cycas revoluta +Thunb, 17.vii. 2015, leg. Weijiufeng and Niu Minmin. + + + +Description. +Female scale. Adult female cover convex, circular white; exuvia on front end. Male scale. Not recorded. + +Adult female. Slide-mounted adult female 1150-1301 +µm +long (holotype 1246 +µm +long); widest part of body 901-950 +µm +wide (holotype 922 +µm +wide). Body outline fusiform, derm membranous except for pygidium. Usually widest at mesothorax, lateral abdominal and thoracic lobes well-developed; prosomatic tubercles slightly produced. Cephalothorax. Antennae each with one seta. Anterior spiracles each with 14-16 trilocular pores in a cluster, posterior spiracles without trilocular pores. Pygidial lobes. With three pairs of lobes; L1 well-developed, zygotic basally, much larger than lateral lobes; protruding from pygidial margin, with one deep notch and small serrations on outer margin and one obvious notch on apex. Without setae between median lobes; L2 bilobate, inner lobule rounded, much larger than outer lobule, outer lobule very small, smaller than L3, a pair of obvious paraphyses arising from the mesal margin of the L2 lobes. L3 bilobate, slightly smaller than L2. Gland spines. One present between L1 and L2, one present between L2 and L3, two present on abdominal segment VI, 3-5 on abdominal segment III, 4-5 on abdominal segment IV, 5-6 on abdominal segment V, 1-2 on abdominal segment II, 0-1 on abdominal segment I. Gland spines on segment I and II shorter than those on other segments. Ventral gland tubercles present on submargins of metathorax and abdominal segments I and II. Ducts. Marginal macroducts, of two-barred type, 12.8-16.3 +µm +long (holotype 16.0 +µm +long), absent between L1, one present between L1 and L2, two present between L2 and L3, two present on the abdominal segment V. Dorsal macroducts on pygidium and abdominal segments shorter than marginal macroducts; 8.5-10.2 +µm +long (9.6 +µm +long), of two-barred type, arranged segmentally in submedian and submarginal rows; submarginal dorsal macroducts present on abdominal segment II to V: 10-11 on segment II, 8-9 on segment III, 5-6 on segment IV, 4-7 on segment V; submedian dorsal macroducts present on segment II to V: 4-6 on segment II, 5-6 on segment III, 4-5 on segment IV, 3-6 on segment V. Lateral macroducts few, 5-7 in total, present between abdominal II and III, of which, 2-3 on segment II, 3-4 on segment III, smaller than dorsal ducts present on abdominal and pygidium. Ventral microducts scattered on pygidium, few. Anal opening small, in holotype posterior margin of anal opening is situated 155 +µm +from base of L1. Perivulvar pores in five groups, 13-16 in the median group, 30-35 in each of the anteriolateral and 29-30 in each of the posteriolateral groups. + + + +Figure 1-9. +Aulacaspis zunyiensis +Wei & Jing, sp. n., adult female; 1 habitus 2 antennae 3 anterior spiracle 4 detail of dorsal gland macroduct 5 gland tubercles 6 paraphyses 7 detail of end of pygidium 8 pygidium 9 quinquelocular pores. + + + + +Remarks. + +This species is very similar to +Aulacaspis maesae +(Takagi, 1970) in body shape. But differs in having (character-states on +Aulacaspis maesae +in brackets): (i) posterior spiracle +without +trilocular pores (posterior spiracle with trilocular pores); (ii) dorsal macroducts absent from submedial region of abdominal segment VI (present); (iii) dorsal macroducts absent from submedial region of abdominal segment II (present). + + + +Host plant. + +Cycas revoluta +Thunb. + + + +Etymology. +The specific epithet is named after Zunyi, the type locality. + + +Distribution. +China (Guizhou). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B4/9D/16B49D596908F5D1EE6E98B0F830E3E9.xml b/data/16/B4/9D/16B49D596908F5D1EE6E98B0F830E3E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8476a71f2ad --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B4/9D/16B49D596908F5D1EE6E98B0F830E3E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part E) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +490 +515 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Euphorbia portlandica +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 458. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Angliae Devonschire." RCN: 3535. + + +Type not designated. + + +Original material: none traced. + + + +Current name: + +Euphorbia portlandica +L. + +( +Euphorbiaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B6/39/16B63943193157F2DFD195B305802EEB.xml b/data/16/B6/39/16B63943193157F2DFD195B305802EEB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1f4fc0333ea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B6/39/16B63943193157F2DFD195B305802EEB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ + + + +A checklist of rheophytes of Cameroon + + + +Author + +Kuetegue, Felix + + + +Author + +Sonke, Bonaventure + + + +Author + +Ameka, Gabriel K. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2019 + +121 + + +81 +131 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.121.29924 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.121.29924 +1314-2003-121-81 +B21D393FFFFBFC4EFF96FFA7FFF98263 +3484962 + + + + +28. + +Ledermanniella schlechteri (Engl.) C.Cusset, Adansonia +ser +., 2, 14(2): 275 (1974) + + + + + +Dicraeia schlechteri +Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 381 (1909) + + +Inversodicraeia tenuissima +Hauman, Bull. Jard. Bot. +Etat +17: 180 (1944) + + + +Type. + +Congo Democratic Republic, 01 Jun 1899, +R. Schlechter12574 +(K). Basionym: + +Dicraeia schlechteri + +Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 381 (1909). + + + +Specimens examined. + +Dehane, between Edea and Kribi, Jun, +Annet 459 +(P). + + + +Habitat. +River rapids and waterfalls. + + +Distribution. + +Cameroon (Fig. +25 +), Congo and Democratic Republic of Congo. + + + +Conservation status in Cameroon. + + +Ledermanniella schlechteri + +is listed on http://www.iucnredlist.org as Vulnerable, globally ( +Ghogue 2010j +). The taxon is known from two localities. The extent of occurrence is less than 100 km2, and the area of occupancy is about 8 km2. The proposed dam at Edea waterfall will further deteriorate the quality of the habitat of the species at that locality. Base on this threat and the number of localities where the species is currently found, + +L. schlechteri + +is here reassessed as Endangered. IUCN Red List Category: +Endangered ENB1+2ab (iii). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B6/40/16B6406E056C06275E5C7953416D99DE.xml b/data/16/B6/40/16B6406E056C06275E5C7953416D99DE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d2b8dad92a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B6/40/16B6406E056C06275E5C7953416D99DE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,205 @@ + + + +A systematic revision of Operclipygus Marseul (Coleoptera, Histeridae, Exosternini) + + + +Author + +Caterino, Michael S. + + + +Author + +Tishechkin, Alexey K. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +271 + + +1 +401 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.271.4062 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.271.4062 +1313-2970-271-1 + + + + + +Operclipygus +crenatus (Lewis, 1888) + +Figs 17 +C-D +18E, GMap 6 + + + + +Phelister crenatus +Lewis, 1888: 192; +Wenzel (1976 +: 257); +Operclipygus crenatus +: +Wenzel (1976 +: 257). + + +Phelisteroides miladae +Wenzel & Dybas, 1941: 450; +Operclipygus miladae +: +Wenzel (1976 +: 257). syn. n. + + +Pseudister propygidialis +Hinton, 1935e: 12; +Phelisteroides propygidialis +: +Wenzel and Dybas (1941 +: 454). +Operclipygus propygidialis +: +Wenzel (1976 +: 257). syn. n. + + + +Type locality. + +PANAMA: +Chiriqui +: +Baru +Volcano [ +8°48'N +, +82°32.5'W +]. + + + +Type material. + +Phelister crenatus +: Lectotype, here designated, probably male: "Sp. figured +"/" +V. de +Chiriqui +, 3-4000 ft. Champion" / "LECTOTYPE +Phelister crenatus +Lewis 1864, M.S.Caterino & A.K.Tishechkin des. 2010" (BMNH). This species was described from an unspecified number of specimens, and the lectotype designation +fixes +primary type status on the only known original specimen. +Phelisteroides miladae +: Holotype female (FMNH): "Villavicencio, Meta, Colomb. VII:25:38 +"/" +under rotten bark +"/" +Coll. by H. Dybas +"/" +Type +Phelisteroides miladae +Wenz. & Dybas"; examined 2006. +Pseudister propygidialis +: Type repository unknown; published type locality: Morelos, Cuernevaca, Mexico. + + + +Other material. + +ARGENTINA: Jujuy: 1: Parque Nac. Calilegua, Aguas Negras, 440m, 18-28.xii.1987, malaise/FIT, S. & J. Peck (CHSM); 2: Parque Nac. Calilegua, El Cortaderal, km6, 800m, 18-28.xii.1987, malaise/FIT, forest, S. & J. Peck (CHSM). COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: 1: Parque Nac. Corcovado, Sirena Stn. Corcovado Trail, +8°29'7"N +, +83°34'39"W +, 150m, 28. +vi- +1.vii.2000, FIT, Z. Falin (SEMC); 1: Rancho Quemado, Peninsula de Osa, 200m, v.1992, F. Quesada y G. Varela, (INBIO), 1: xii.1991, F. Quesada, (INBIO); 1: Est. Agujas, Sendero Ajo, 300m, 24-26.ix.1996, in fruit, A. Azofeifa, (INBIO). Cartago: 1: Ref. Nac. Fauna Silv. Tapanti, Quebrada Segunda, 1250m, iii.1992, G. Mora, (INBIO); same data except as noted: 1: ix.1992, (INBIO); 5: v.1992 (INBIO), 1: v.1993, (INBIO), 1: 1250m, vi.1992, (INBIO), 20: 1250m, vii.1992, (INBIO), 2: 1250m, x.1992, (INBIO), 5: 1300m, vi.1992, (INBIO), 1: Grano de Oro, Chirripo, Turrialba, 1120m, iii.1993, P. Campos, (INBIO). FRENCH GUIANA: 1: Montagne des Chevaux, +4°43'N +, +52°24'W +, 11.x.2009, FIT, SEAG (CHND). PERU: Cusco: 1: Consuelo, Manu rd. km 165, 11.x.1982, palm litter, L. Watrous & G. Mazurek (FMNH); same data except as noted: 5: 3.x.1982 (FMNH), 1: 5.x.1982 (FMNH), 2: 8.x.1982 (FMNH). Huanuco: 1:Tingo Maria region, 6-14.vi.1987, F. Woytkowski (SEMC). +Junin +: 3: La Merced, 9.5km NE La Merced-Villa Rica Rd., +10°58'42"S +, +75°18'18"W +, 880m, 15-21.x.1999, FIT, R. Brooks (SEMC); 1: 7.5km NE Puerto Ocopa, Cananeden, +11°4.9'S +, +74°16.1'W +, 1180m, 5-9.i.2007, A.V. Petrov (AKTC). Madre de Dios: 1:Manu National Park, Rio Alto Madre de Dios, Pantiacolla Lodge, +12°39.3'S +, +71°13.9'W +, 14-19.xi.2007, FIT, D. Brzoska (SEMC). VENEZUELA: Monagas: 3: Caripe, Cueva +Guacharo +, 700m, 20-30.vii.1987, malaise/FIT, forest over coffee, S. & J. Peck (FMNH). + + + +Diagnosis. + +Length: 2.25-2.62 mm, width: 1.93-2.28 mm; body piceous; median portion of frontal stria weaker, occasionally absent across middle; supraorbital stria complete across vertex; anterior submarginal pronotal stria generally attached to lateral submarginal stria (angulate behind median pronotal gland opening); anterior emargination of pronotum barely or not outwardly angulate, with a complete marginal stria; elytra with a few fragments of inner subhumeral stria generally present, sutural stria from two-thirds to three-quarters complete; pygidium with fine, dense ground punctation and with coarser secondary punctures uniformly interspersed, apical sulcus complete, crenulate, shallower than in +Operclipygus panamensis +. Male genitalia (Figs 18E, G): T8 lacking unique secondary sclerotization along edge of apical emargination; S9 slightly broader, abruptly expanded near apex, with midline sclerotization vague; tegmen evenly rounded, narrowing toward apex, narrowed but more or less straight to near apex in lateral aspect. + + + + +Remarks +. + + +See above for characters distinguishing +Operclipygus crenatus +from +Operclipygus panamensis +. While their distributions overlap, and +Operclipygus crenatus +is very widespread, it is curious that, in Panama, +Operclipygus crenatus +is only known from the type locality. + + +Wenzel and Dybas's (1941) +Operclipygus miladae +was not compared with other species in the original description, and at the time +Operclipygus crenatus +was still included in the genus +Phelister +. However, in +Wenzel's (1976) +key, the characters presented do not allow their consistent separation, and the variation seen in +Operclipygus crenatus +fully encompasses the states found in +Operclipygus miladae +. The proposed synonymy of +Pseudister propygidialis +here is admittedly more tentative, in the absence of a type specimen. However, Hinton's description and figure suggest a close match, and specimens identified as +Operclipygus propygidialis +in various collections are clearly +Operclipygus crenatus +. Hopefully the type specimen will eventually surface and this can be confirmed. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B6/E7/16B6E7005591D6984875CD1E6267E25A.xml b/data/16/B6/E7/16B6E7005591D6984875CD1E6267E25A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3bd5cb86b71 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B6/E7/16B6E7005591D6984875CD1E6267E25A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +A survey of the family Carabodidae C. L. Koch, 1836 (Acari: Oribatida) + + + +Author + +Mahunka, S. + +text + + +Acta Zoologica Hungarica + + +1986 + +32 + + +73 +135 + + + + +http://unknown + +journal article +ORI5666 +8A93F5C4-1ED6-4698-8284-1B31E250AF9D + + + + +Archegocepheus +Aoki, 1965 (Figs 6-8) + + + +Aoki, 1965: 158. + + +Prodorsum: Normally developed, without any conspicuous chitinous structure. Lamellae rounded anteriorly, lamellar setae phylliform, with serrate margin, arising on the outer surface of lamellae. Rostral setae narrowed, with roughened margin. Interlamellar setae originating on a pair of tubercles in the interlamellar region. Sensillus uncate. +Notogaster: Median part of notogaster gradually convex, nearly semicircular in lateral view, but chitinous structure and dorsosejugal hollow or depression absent. Fifteen pairs of phylliform notogastral setae, among them two pairs arising on the shoulder. + +Coxisternal region: Epimeral setal formula: 2 +-1-1- +1 (?). Apodemes and epimeral borders well developed composing a network. + + +Anogenital region: Its surface ornamented by of ribs forming the letter H. Anogenital setal formula: 4 +-1-2- +2. Lyrifissure iad was not mentioned. Inner margin of anal plates ending in a medium long spine. + + + + +Type species: +Archegocepheus imadatei Aoki +, 1965. Doi Suthep, Thailand. + + + +Remarks: The description was based only on the holotype. Since then no further reference is known. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B7/0C/16B70C3B58D0E7E74BBEB1E9F2B1EE98.xml b/data/16/B7/0C/16B70C3B58D0E7E74BBEB1E9F2B1EE98.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75ff5477c2e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B7/0C/16B70C3B58D0E7E74BBEB1E9F2B1EE98.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +Order Afrosoricida + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +71 +81 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Microgale taiva +Major 1896 + + + + + + + +Microgale taiva +Major 1896 + +, +Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 18: 461 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Ambohimitombo forest, Tanala Country, +Madagascar +[Ambohimitombo town, +43 km +by road SE of Ambositra, +10 km +into eastern forest, +Fianarantsoa +, +20°43’S +47°26’E +(MacPhee, 1987)]. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Taiva Shrew Tenrec +. + + + + +Distribution: +Southern regions of eastern humid forest of +Madagascar +. + + + + +Discussion: +Synonymised with + +M. cowani + +by MacPhee (1987), specific status recognised by +Jenkins et al. (1996) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B7/38/16B738C4A38D098C4683247DB942FB0D.xml b/data/16/B7/38/16B738C4A38D098C4683247DB942FB0D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..89dbd93386a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B7/38/16B738C4A38D098C4683247DB942FB0D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +718 +782 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Podophyllum peltatum +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 505. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in America septentrionali." RCN: 3833. + + + + +Lectotype +(Reveal in Jarvis & al., +Regnum Veg +. 127: 77. 1993): Herb. Linn. No. 667.1 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Generitype +of + +Podophyllum +Linnaeus + +(vide Green, +Prop. Brit. Bot +.: 160. 1929). + + + + +Current name: + +Podophyllum peltatum +L. + +( +Berberidaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B7/41/16B7412356AB91039627672E288BC874.xml b/data/16/B7/41/16B7412356AB91039627672E288BC874.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cee927e5070 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B7/41/16B7412356AB91039627672E288BC874.xml @@ -0,0 +1,692 @@ + + + +A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World + + + +Author + +Wood, John R. I. + + + +Author + +Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo + + + +Author + +Williams, Bethany R. M. + + + +Author + +Scotland, Robert W. + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2020 + +143 + + +1 +823 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.143.32821 +1314-2003-143-1 +F6F11A6EE4FF5A1885CEA2B60AE965A5 + + + + +221. + +Ipomoea tiliacea +(Willd.) Choisy in A.P. de Candolle + +, Prodr. 9 +: 375. 1845. (Choisy 1845: 375) + + + + + +Convolvulus tiliaceus +Willd. + +, Enum. Pl. 1 +: 203. 1809. (Willdenow 1809: 203). Type. BRAZIL. +Hoffmansegg +s.n. (holotype B-W03691-01). + + + +Convolvulus indicus +Miller, Gard. Dict. + +, ed. 8: 5. 1768 (Miller 1768: 5), nom. illeg., non + +Convolvulus indicus +Burm. (1755) + +. Type. JAMAICA +W. Houston +(holotype BM000953181). + + + +Ipomoea cymosa +G. Mey. + +, Prim. Fl. Esseq. 99 +. 1818. (Meyer 1818: 99). Type. SURINAM. +E.K. Rodschied +89 (GOET 002526). + + + +Ipomoea surinamensis +Miq. + +, Linnaea 18 +: 600. 1845. (Miquel 1845: 600). Type. SURINAM. +H.C. Focke +816 (holotype U0001416). + + + +Ipomoea alba +Garcke + +, Linnaea 22 +: 66. 1849. (Garcke 1849: 66), nom. illeg., non. + +I. alba + +L. (1753). Type. SURINAM. +H. Kegel +960 (GOET002527). + + + +Ipomoea stenocolpa +Garcke + +, Linnaea 22 +: 67. 1849. (Garcke 1849: 67). Type. SURINAM. Paramaribo, +H. Kegel +987 (holotype GOET002528). + + + +Ipomoea fastigiata +var. +vulgaris +Meisn. in Martius et al. + +, Fl. Brasil. 7 +: 267. 1869. (Meisner 1869: 267). Type. BRAZIL. Salzman 360 (lectotype P03538439, designated here). + + + +Convolvulus umbellatus +Sesse +& +Mocino + +, Pl. Nov. Hisp. 22 +1887 [pub. 1888]. ( +Sesse +and +Mocino +1887-1890: 220), nom. illeg., non + +Convolvulus umbellatus + +L. (1753). Type. MEXICO. + +Sesse +& +Mocino + +s.n. (MA5017). + + + +Convolvulus biflorus +Sesse +& +Mocino + +, Fl. Mex. 35 +. 1893. ( +Sesse +y Lacasta and +Mocino +1893: 35), nom. illeg., non + +Convolvulus biflorus + +L. (1763). Type. MEXICO. + +Sesse +& +Mocino + +5048 (probable holotype MA603862). + + + +Ipomoea fastigiata +var. +pauciflora +Meisn., Meisn. in Martius et al. + +, Fl. Brasil. 7 +: 267. 1869. (Meisner 1869: 267). Type. BRAZIL. +Raben +283 (lectotype BR00005306763, designated here). + + + +Type. + +Based on + +Convolvulus tiliaceus +Willd. + + + + +Description. + +Twining perennial herb to several metres in height, usually glabrous in all vegetative parts; stems woody below, herbaceous above. Leaves petiolate, 4-16 +x +2.2-11 cm, ovate, shortly acuminate and mucronate (rarely retuse), base cordate with rounded (rarely acute or dentate) auricles, margin entire or (rarely) somewhat dentate, abaxially paler; petioles 1-13 cm. Inflorescence of axillary pedunculate cymes; peduncles 1.5-8 cm; bracteoles ovate, c. 1 mm, caducous; secondary peduncles 0.2-1.5 cm; pedicels 5-15 mm; sepals slightly unequal, glabrous, outer 6-10 +x +3-4 mm, ovate to oblong-ovate or oblong-elliptic, strongly mucronate, margins scarious, inner 9-11 +x +4-7 mm, elliptic to obovate, obtuse and mucronate, scarious; corolla 3.5-6 cm long, pink often with a dark centre, glabrous, funnel-shaped, limb 4.5-5 cm, undulate but midpetaline bands ending in small teeth; filaments thinly pubescent for half their length. Capsules c. 8 +x +9 mm, depressed globose, glabrous; seeds c. 4 +x +3 mm, black, glabrous or shortly pubescent on the angles. + + + +Illustration. + +Figure +112 +; +Acevedo-Rodriguez +(2005: 180). + + + +Figure 112. + +Ipomoea tiliacea + +. +A +habit +B +outer sepal +C +middle sepal +D +inner sepal +E +corolla opened out to show stamens +F +ovary and style +G +capsule +H +seed. Drawn by Rosemary Wise +A-F +from +Curtiss +1293; +G +from +Stearn +38; +H +from +Proctor +18508. + + + + +Distribution. + +Secondary forest and disturbed bushland, usually within a few kilometres of the coast. In South American along the Caribbean and Atlantic coasts south to Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. On the Pacific only confirmed from the Choco in Colombia northwards. Widespread and frequent on the Caribbean Islands and on the Caribbean coasts of Central America north to Veracruz but less common on the Pacific side. Reported as naturalised in the Old World but most, probably all, of these records are errors for + +Ipomoea littoralis + +or + +I. batatas + +. + + +BRAZIL. Amazonas +: Dermini River, + +P. +Acevedo-Rodriguez +et al. + +8166 (NY). +Bahia +: +Blanchet +1016 (BM); +Glocker +330 (BM). + +Para + +: Breves, Amazon estuary, +E.P. Killip & A.C. Smith +30211 (NY). + +Parana + +: Balneario de Canoas, Pontal de +Parana +, +E.L. Siquiera et al. +525 (MBM); Ilha dos Ihres, +Sao +Francisco do Sul, +F. Vieira +974 (MBM). +Pernambuco +: Tapera, +B. Pickel +128 (BM). +Rio de Janeiro +: +J.F.Widgren +331 (S). +Roraima +: +J.A. Ratter et al +. 5900 (E). +Rio Grande do Sul +: +P.P.A. Ferreira +126 (ICN), fide Ferreira and Miotto (2009: 449). + +Sao +Paulo + +: Bertioga, 30 km E of Santos, + +A. Krapovickas & C. +Cristobal + +33565 (CTES, MBM); +Cananeia +, +M.G. Caxambu et al. +4124 (MBM). + + +FRENCH GUIANA. +P. Sagot +371 (BM, S), 372 (BM); +F. Billiet & B. Jadin +1609 (BM, BR). + + +SURINAM. +W.R. Hostman +330 (BM, OXF); +J. Lanjouw +1086 (S). + + +GUYANA. +Jenman +4200 (BM); +A.S. Hitchcock +16664 (S). + + +COLOMBIA. +sine data + +, +Linden +1591 + +(BM, OXF). +Magdalena +: +H.H. Smith +1912 (BM), 1567 (K); +E.P. Killip & A.C. Smith +20917 (COL); +J. Cuatrecasas +13354 (COL, US). + + +VENEZUELA. +Moritz +41 (BM). +Delta Amacuro +: +J. Steyermark +87685 (K). +Monagas +: Paloma, +H.H. Rusby & Squires +15 (BM, NY). + + +PANAMA. +C. Hamilton et al. +1300 (FTG, MO) + + +COSTA RICA. +Vera Blanca de +Sarapiqui +, +A.F. Skutch +3672 (K, S); San +Jose +, +A. Tonduz +7089 (K), 8622 (BM); Limon, Cahinta, +P. Wilkin & S.B. Jennings +117 (BM). + + +NICARAGUA. +L.O. Williams +42321 (BM, F); Jinotega, Mun. Wiwili, +I. Coronado et al. +3120 (BM, MO). + + +HONDURAS. +La Mosquitia, +C. Ashe +57 (BM); +J. Saunders +709 (FTG); Ceiba, +T.G. Yuncker +8561 (BM, K, MO). + + +BELIZE. +Hector Creek, Sibun River, +P. H. Gentle +1409 (K, S); +M.E. Peck +664 (K); Stann Creek, +W.A. Schipp +283 (BM, K). + + +GUATEMALA. +Esquintla, +J. Donnell Smith +1999 (K); ibid., 2222 (K) + + +MEXICO. Campeche +: + +E. & H. de +Cabrera + +14469 (IEB). +Chiapas +: Esquintla, +E. Matuda +2133 (K); San Pedro Nolasco, +C. Jurgensen +592 (K). +Guerrero +: Atoyac, Galeana, +G.B. Hinton +10900 (K, S). + +Yucatan + +: Izamal, +G.F. Gaumer +915 (BM, K, S). + + +BAHAMAS. +Great Bahama, +L. Brace +3600 (NY). + + +CUBA. +C. Wright +1648 (BM, S); Bayate, +E.L. Ekman +10122 (NY, S); 6636 (BM, S); +A.H. Curtiss +249 (HAC); +J. Shafer +s. n. [4/1903] (HAC). +Camaguey +: +J.A Shafer +1846 (NY). +Granma +: La Anita, + +M. +Lopez +Figueiras + +781 (NY). +La Habana +: Santiago de las Vegas, + +H. Van Hermann + +231 (BM). + +Pinar del +Rio + +: +N.L. Britton et al. +9666 (NY). +Villa Clara +: Manicaragua, +F. de la Puente +5324 (FTG); Camajuani, +F. de la Puente +5347 (FTG). + + +CAYMAN ISLANDS. +D.R. Stoddart +5057 (BM); +M. Brunt +1716 (BM); +W. Kings +299 (BM). + + +JAMAICA. +G.R. Proctor +8308 (BM), 21911 (BM); +A.B. Rendle +152 (BM); +A.D. Skelding +3534 (BM); +W. Stearn +38 (BM, S); +Maxon +10504 (S). + + +HAITI. +E.L. Ekman +H9156 (S); Etang Saumatre, +E.C. Leonard +3544 (NY). + + +DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. +Santo Domingo, +E.L. Ekman +H11152 (NY, S); La Vega, +A.H. Liogier +24738 (NY); +H.A. Allard +13192 (S); +P. Fuertes +425 (E), 1156 (E). + + +PUERTO RICO. +R.J. Wagner +457 (BM); Lajas, +A.H. Liogier +31128 (NY); San Juan, +F.S. Axelrod +3396 (NY). + + +LESSER ANTILLES. US Virgin Islands +: fide +Acevedo-Rodriquez +(2005). +Netherlands Antilles +: St Eustatius: +B.M. Boom et al. +11202 (NY). St Marten: +I. Boldingh +2913 (NY). St Kitts: +G.R. Proctor +18508 (BM). +Antigua +: +H.E. Box +1049 (BM), 1362 (BM). +Montserrat +: +G.R. Proctor +19015 (BM). +Guadeloupe +: +R.P. Quentin +631 (P); Marie Galante, +G.R. Proctor +20265 (BM). +Dominica +: +C. Whitefoord +3961 (BM), 43411 (BM). +Martinique +: +W. Hahn +80 (BM); +C. Sastre +7691 (P). +St Lucia +: +G.R. Proctor +18007 (BM). +St Vincent +: +H.H. & G.W. Smith +1293 (BM); Bequia fide Powell (1979). +Grenada +: +G.R. Proctor +17155 (BM); +G.C. Druce +s.n. (OXF). +Barbados +: fide Gooding et al. (1965). + + +TRINIDAD. +A. Fendler +585 (BM). +Tobago +: +Clement & Ryves +93/230 (BM); +W.E. Broadway +4395 (S). + + + +Typification. + +Tropicos (www.tropicos.org) states that Nelson (1997: 393) designated +Sesse +and +Mocino +5048 as lectotype of + +Ipomoea biflora + +but this is doubtful as he merely cited it as the type and it may in any case be the de facto holotype in the absence of other possible types. + + + +Notes. + + +Ipomoea tiliacea + +is quite variable in sepal and to a lesser extent corolla size. It is a perennial, which is nearly always completely glabrous and with unlobed leaves. In the neotropics it is only likely to be confused with rare forms of + +Ipomoea batatas + +combining glabrous sepals with entire leaves. From these it is best distinguished by the lax, clearly cymose inflorescence. Records of + +I. tiliacea + +from the Old World are all, or mostly, errors for the superficially similar + +I. littoralis + +, which is best separated by its rounded or obtuse, somewhat succulent leaves and 1-3-flowered cymes. The range of the two species appears not to overlap and molecular studies support their distinctiveness. + + +Records from Peru (McPherson 1993) are probably errors for + +Ipomoea batatas + +and require confirmation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B7/B7/16B7B76596695470A4556255A0E3B369.xml b/data/16/B7/B7/16B7B76596695470A4556255A0E3B369.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a5c6b869c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B7/B7/16B7B76596695470A4556255A0E3B369.xml @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + + + +Checklist of the marine malacofauna of Culuccia Peninsula (NW Sardinia, Italy), with notes on relevant species + + + +Author + +Mariottini, Paolo +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-7108 +Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy +paolo.mariottini@uniroma3.it + + + +Author + +Smriglio, Carlo +Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy + + + +Author + +Oliverio, Marco +Dept. of Biology & Biotechnologies ' Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy + + + +Author + +Rossi, Sabrina +Biru S. r. l. Agricola, S. Teresa di Gallura (SS), Italy + + + +Author + +Di Giulio, Andrea +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0508-0751 +Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy & NBFC - National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-02-28 + + +12 + + +115051 +115051 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e115051 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e115051 +1314-2828-12-e115051 +71D09B0C44175D4AAD6B2BD0C86E12F6 + + + + +Callista chione (Linnaeus, 1758) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +occurrenceID: +6BBA1D87-092A-5607-A3BB-5F4EA8D82E0E +; + +Location +: + +country: +Italy +; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: +Sassari +; locality: + +Island of Culuccia + +; verbatimLatitude: +41 11 46.79N +; verbatimLongitude: +9 17 20.34E +; geodeticDatum: WGS + +84 + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +occurrenceID: +12035329-C7ED-5ABA-A66E-1FA1782D1FC8 +; + +Location +: + +country: +Italy +; countryCode: IT; stateProvince: +Sassari +; locality: + +Island of Culuccia + +; verbatimLatitude: +41 11 56.04N +; verbatimLongitude: +9 17 33.63E +; geodeticDatum: WGS84 + + + + + + + + +Notes +Shell. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B7/BA/16B7BACF8D5B500E35CCFD9DE9A6DACB.xml b/data/16/B7/BA/16B7BACF8D5B500E35CCFD9DE9A6DACB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a5aae618085 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B7/BA/16B7BACF8D5B500E35CCFD9DE9A6DACB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Hornmilben (Oribatida) [pages 149 to 212] + + + +Author + +Weigmann, G. + + + +Author + +Miko, L. + +text + + +2006 +Goecke & Evers + +Keltern + + + +Hornmilben (Oribatida) [Dahl, Tierwelt Deutschlands, Teil 76] + + + +149 +212 + + + + +http://www.goeckeevers.de/verlag/dahl.html + +book chapter +Weigmann2006pp149to212 + + + + +Nothrus borussicus Sellnick +, 1928 [78b] + + + +Syn., Tax.: Sellnick 1928. Sellnick & Forsslund 1955 (B); Ghilarov & Krivoluckij 1975 (B); Balogh & Mahunka 1983 (B); Olszanowski 1996 (B). + + + +Oekologie +: Schwerpunkt in montanen Wiesen und +Waeldern + + + + +Verbreitung: Holarktis; u.a. Schweiz, +Oesterreich +, Polen; bisher nicht in Deutschland. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B7/EC/16B7ECD1DD5E545AAE56AA72BAFCF96D.xml b/data/16/B7/EC/16B7ECD1DD5E545AAE56AA72BAFCF96D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0da275ebbb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B7/EC/16B7ECD1DD5E545AAE56AA72BAFCF96D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,252 @@ + + + +A revision of the parasitoid wasp genus Alphomelon Mason with the description of 30 new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 +Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada +cnc.braconidae@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Shimbori, Eduardo M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-2591 +Coleccion Nacional de Insectos, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tercer Circuito, S / N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, C. P. 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico + + + +Author + +Whitfield, James B. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3031-9106 +University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA + + + +Author + +Penteado-Dias, Angelica M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-5591 +Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil + + + +Author + +Shaw, Scott R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5024-4594 +College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, USA + + + +Author + +Boudreault, Caroline +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-2626 +Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada + + + +Author + +Sones, Jayme +Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Manjunath, Ramya +Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Burns, John M. +Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C., USA + + + +Author + +Hebert, P. D. N. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3081-6700 +Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Smith, M. Alex +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8650-2575 +Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hallwachs, Winnifred +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Janzen, Daniel H. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-5107 +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-08-16 + + +1175 + + +5 +162 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068 +1313-2970-1175-5 +D7BCD6CE4E8C4664BBB9F0D6CEB60FB4 +5DFB56AFD476555B982D868A74D00E17 + + + + +Alphomelon citroloma Deans, 2003 + + + + +Figs 18A-E +, 19A-C +, 20A-F + + + +Distribution. +Argentina, Belize*, Bolivia, Brazil (PE, RJ, RO), Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Peru*, Trinidad & Tobago, Venezuela. + + +Biology. +No data. + + +DNA barcoding. +No BIN but four partial barcodes (109-234 bp) available. + + +Notes. + +In the CNC collection many specimens from Central and South America look morphologically similar to + +A. citroloma + +. However, they differ in coloration, sculpture of T2, and the number of spines on the tarsal claws. We suspect additional cryptic species may be discovered in the future when the South American fauna is better studied and more DNA barcodes become available. + + + +Other specimens examined. + +( +79 females +, +72 males +, 1 sex unknown): CNC280515, CNCHYM 00019, CNCHYM 00016, CNCHYM 00018, CNCHYM 00012, CNCHYM 00013, CNCHYM 00014, CNCHYM 00015, CNCH0686, CNC704128, CNC704129, CNC704130, CNC704131, CNC704132, CNC704133, CNC704134, CNC704135, CNC704136, CNC704137, CNC704138, CNC704139, CNC704140, CNC704141, CNC704142, CNC704143, CNC704144, CNC704145, CNC704146, CNC704147, CNC704148, CNC704149, CNC704150, CNC704151, CNC704152, CNC704153, CNC704154, CNC704155, CNC704156, CNC704157, CNC704158, CNC704159, CNC704160, CNC704161, CNC704162, CNC704163, CNC704164, CNC704165, CNC704166, CNC704167, CNC704168, CNC704169, CNC704170, CNC704171, CNC704172, CNC704173, CNC704174, CNC704175, CNC704176, CNC704177, CNC704178, CNC704179, CNC704180, CNC704181, CNC704182, CNC704183, CNC704184, CNC704185, CNC704186, CNC704187, CNC704188, CNC704189, CNC704190, CNC704191, CNC704192, CNC704193, CNC704194, CNC704195, CNC704196, CNC704197, CNC704198, CNC704199, CNC704200, CNC704201, CNC704202, CNC704203, CNC704204, CNC704205, CNC704206, CNC704207, CNC704208, CNC704209, CNC704210, CNC704211, CNC704212, CNC704213, CNC704214, CNC704215, CNC704216, CNC704217, CNC704218, CNC704219, CNC704220, CNC704221, CNC704222, CNC704223, CNC704224, CNC704225, CNC704226, CNC704227, CNC704228, CNC704229, CNC704230, CNC704231, CNC704232, CNC704233, CNC704234, CNC704235, CNC704236, CNC704237, CNC704238, CNC704239, CNC704240, CNC704241, CNC704242, CNC704243, CNC704244, CNC704245, CNC704246, CNC704247, CNC704248, CNC704249, CNC704250, CNC704251, CNC704252, CNC704253, CNC704670, CNC704671, CNC704672, CNC704673, CNC704674, CNC704675, CNC704676, CNC704677, CNC704678, CNC704679, CNC704680, CNC704681, CNC704682, CNC704685, CNC704686, CNC704687, CNC1065904. + + + +Figure 18. + +Alphomelon citroloma + +Deans female CNC704170 +A +habitus, lateral +B +head, frontal +C +fore wing +D +propodeum and metasoma, dorsal +E +mesosoma, dorsal. + + + + +Figure 19. + +Alphomelon citroloma + +Deans +holotype +female USNMENT00828298 +A +close-up of habitus, lateral +B +habitus, dorsal +C +habitus, lateral. + + + + +Figure 20. + +Alphomelon citroloma + +Deans male CNCHYM 00019 +A +habitus, lateral +B +head, frontal +C +wings +D +head, fronto-lateral +E +metasoma, dorsal +F +mesosoma, dorsal. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B8/34/16B834B83A43C290D7F77D243CFF614F.xml b/data/16/B8/34/16B834B83A43C290D7F77D243CFF614F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68b3921d9a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B8/34/16B834B83A43C290D7F77D243CFF614F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Scabiosa argentea +, +spec. nov. + + + + +13. Scabiosa corollulis quinquefidis, foliis pinnatis: laciniis lanceolatis, pedunculis nudis laevibus longissimis. +Roy. lugdb. 190. + + +Scabiosa orientalis argentea, foliis inferioribus incisis. +Tournef. cor.34. + + +Asterocephalus perennis argenteus laciniatus, caule tenui eburneo. +Vaill. act. 1722. p.181. + + + + +Habitat in +Oriente +. ♃ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B8/71/16B871A1ED722C97DD1188A7386CCF4D.xml b/data/16/B8/71/16B871A1ED722C97DD1188A7386CCF4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e0adf6da187 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B8/71/16B871A1ED722C97DD1188A7386CCF4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ + + + +A catalogue of the ants of Paraguay (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). + + + +Author + +Wild, A. L. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1622 + + +1 +55 + + + + +http://www.antbase.org/ants/publications/21367/21367.pdf + +journal article +21367 + + + + +spp. ( +flavens-group +indet). + + + + +Central, +Paraguari +(ALWC). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B9/23/16B92361D0E1D63929D29E8AA2EE9964.xml b/data/16/B9/23/16B92361D0E1D63929D29E8AA2EE9964.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6656ce54bf7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B9/23/16B92361D0E1D63929D29E8AA2EE9964.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Exploration into the hidden world of Mozambique's sky island forests: new discoveries of reptiles and amphibians + + + +Author + +Conradie, Werner +Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld), P. O. Box 13147, Humewood 6013, South Africa & South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, P / Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa +werner@bayworld.co.za + + + +Author + +Bittencourt-Silva, Gabriela B. +University of Basel, Biogeography Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Basel 4056, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Engelbrecht, Hanlie M. +South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X 7, Claremont, 7735, South Africa & Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa + + + +Author + +Loader, Simon P. +University of Roehampton, Department of Life Sciences, London, SW 15 4 JD, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Menegon, Michele +MUSE, Museo delle Scienze, Viale del Lavoro e delle Scienza, 3 Trento 38122, Italy + + + +Author + +Nanvonamuquitxo, Cristovao +Faculty of Natural Sciences, Lurio University, Pemba, 958, Mozambique + + + +Author + +Scott, Michael +Khangela Safaris, www. khangelasafaris. com, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe + + + +Author + +Tolley, Krystal A. +South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X 7, Claremont, 7735, South Africa & Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2016 + +2016-09-26 + + +92 + + +2 + + +163 +180 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.92.9948 +1860-0743-2-163 +9DA068DAB881409199FE252D31DDC7D1 +FFCC824A3E5F060CFFF2FF83B964FFD2 +155320 + + + + +Philothamnus angolensis Bocage, 1882 + + + +Material + + +Mt. Namuli +(PEM +R21187 +, female, +641 mm +SVL + +254 mm +TL) + +. + + + +Comments +One specimen collected from mid-elevation forested stream, swimming across the stream at the base of the two Namuli granite domes when disturbed. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B9/89/16B989CF0B7A3008CE5C1F7CED855F28.xml b/data/16/B9/89/16B989CF0B7A3008CE5C1F7CED855F28.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..634cd2aac54 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B9/89/16B989CF0B7A3008CE5C1F7CED855F28.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Aphidius absinthii Marshall, 1896 + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes + +Treated as a valid species of +Aphidius +by +Rakhshani et al. (2011) +rather than a synonym of asteris. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/B9/F2/16B9F28FA1F34C3014B95A850D1116D1.xml b/data/16/B9/F2/16B9F28FA1F34C3014B95A850D1116D1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..984be5944f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/B9/F2/16B9F28FA1F34C3014B95A850D1116D1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Bathythrix rugulosa (Thomson, 1884) + + + + +Leptocryptus rugulosus +Thomson, 1884 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Ireland + + +Notes + +added by +Sawoniewicz (1980) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BA/0A/16BA0A437423561487B08D17F06610FA.xml b/data/16/BA/0A/16BA0A437423561487B08D17F06610FA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9e182cdede6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BA/0A/16BA0A437423561487B08D17F06610FA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,850 @@ + + + +A new short brown unpatterned moray eel (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) from the southeast coast of India, Bay of Bengal + + + +Author + +Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4636-3056 +ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh - 226 002, India & Faculty of Fisheries Science, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala - 682 506, India + + + +Author + +Kantharajan, Ganesan +ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh - 226 002, India + + + +Author + +Mohapatra, Anil +Estuarine Biology Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Gopalpur-on-Sea, Ganjam, Odisha - 761 002, India + + + +Author + +Ajith Kumar, T. T. +ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh - 226 002, India +tt.ajith@icar.gov.in + + + +Author + +Kumar Sarkar, Uttam +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-4375 +ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh - 226 002, India + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2023 + +2023-03-23 + + +99 + + +1 + + +253 +260 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.100461 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.99.100461 +1860-0743-1-253 +A86FEFE87DFD458E9E34616C17E4D06E +3F037C3AB81851DAB88B519BE1E07A9E + + + + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 2 +, 3 +, 4 +, 5 + + + +Type material. + +The holotype and paratype specimens are deposited at the National Fish Repository of the ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India). + +Holotype +. + +NBFGR/MURGTAM (487 mm TL), collected from trawl landings at Mudasalodai fish landing centre, off Cuddalore coast, Bay of Bengal, 11°29'N, 79°46'E, 26 June 2022, coll. by G. Kantharajan and P. Kodeeswaran. + + + +Paratypes +. + +Three specimens, NBFGR/ MURGTAM.2 (296 mm TL); EBRC/ ZSI/F14687 (2: 272-451 mm TL), were collected along with the holotype. + + + +Diagnosis. +A new species of a short brown unpatterned moray eel with the following combination of characters: series of lines of small dark spots present on head and a single line of black spots on mid-line of body, origin of dorsal fin at middle of rictus and gill opening, anus just before mid-body, pre-anal length 45.7-47.4% TL, snout blunt and very short, 6.5-7.7 mm in HL, eye small, teeth serrated, uniserial, ethomovomerine teeth five on each side with one tooth on mid-point, vomerine with eight teeth in a series, jaw pores with white rim, anal-fin margin whitish, 3 pre-dorsal vertebrae, 56-59 pre-anal vertebrae, 139-150 total vertebrae. + + +Figure 2. + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov. holotype, NBFGR/MURGTAM, 487.8 mm TL, fresh colouration, collected from Mudasalodai fish landing centre, off Cuddalore, Bay of Bengal. + + + + +Description + +(all measurements in mm). A medium-sized, moderately elongated eel with tapering body, anus just before mid-body, pre-anal length 45.7-47.4% TL, depth at gill opening 19.8-32.8 in TL, depth at anus 31.1-49.0 in TL. Head moderate, 7.8-8.2 in TL, snout blunt, and very short, 6.5-7.7 in HL, both jaws almost equal, upper jaw 2.5-3.0 in HL, lower jaw 2.4-2.8 in HL, eye small, 9.1-12.2 in HL, at middle of upper jaw, far from rictus, interorbital space 7.0-12.6 in HL. Dorsal-fin origin before gill opening, at mid-length of rictus and gill opening, pre-dorsal length 9.3-11.0 in TL, anal fin starts just after anus, gill opening a minute diagonal slit, 8.0-11.3 in HL. Teeth serrated, uniserial; five pointed ethomovomerine teeth on each side, one tooth on mid-point, three median ethomovomerine teeth, middle tooth larger than other two, maxillary teeth uniserial, 12-13 on each side, uniserial vomerine with eight teeth; lower jaw teeth uniserial, 16-17 teeth on each side, three anterior teeth enlarged (Fig. +3 +). Head pores moderate-sized, three supraorbital pores, four infraorbital pores, six mandibular pores before rictus, cephalic pores in white rims. Branchial pores two behind the dorsal-fin origin (Fig. +4 +). Three pre-dorsal vertebrae, 56-59 pre-anal vertebrae, 139-150 total vertebrae. + + + +Figure 3. +Dentition pattern on upper jaw and lower jaw of + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov (holotype). + + + + +Figure 4. +Lateral view of head and cephalic pores of + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov. (holotype, NBFGR/MURGTAM). Supraorbital pores (SO) - Blue closed dots, Infraorbital pores (IO) - Green, Mandibular pores (M) - Red, Branchial pores (B) - Black; DFO - dorsal-fin origin, PN - Posterior nostril, AN - Anterior nostril, GO - Gill opening. + + + + +Table 1. +Meristic and morphometric characters of + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov. compared with other short brown unpatterned moray described from Indian waters. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov. + + +G. andamanensis + + + +G. mishrai + + + +G. odishi + +
HolotypeParatypeParatypeParatypen = 2n = 1n = 11
Total length (mm)487451296272325-464324420-700
+In TL +
Pre-anal length2.22.12.12.22.1-2.22.01.9-2.1
Predorsal length11.09.310.99.59.9-10.8-8.4-10.8
Head length8.27.88.18.28.16.96.7-7.6
Depth at gill opening19.822.128.832.815-17.119.011.5-18.4
Depth at anus31.131.838.749.016-19.124.917.3-24.0
+In HL +
Snout length6.56.77.46.64.46.54.3-5.4
Eye diameter10.312.29.111.66.7-7.620.28.6-10.8
Inter-orbital space7.08.212.611.16.7-8.88.76.0-7.9
Jaw length2.52.62.63.02.2-2.42.92.2-2.8
+Vertebrae +
Pre-dorsal vertebrae3333394
Pre-anal vertebrae59565657575956-58
Total vertebrae150143139140135-136134134-138
+ +Counts and measurements of the holotype in mm: TL 487.8, pre-anal length 223.1, tail length 260.7, trunk length 155, pre-dorsal length 44.4, head length 59.6, depth at anus 15.7, width at anus 12.3, snout length 9.2, eye diameter 5.7, upper jaw length 23.9, interorbital width 8.5, gill opening 6.8. Vertebral formula 3-59-150. + + +Colouration. + +In fresh condition, body uniform chocolate brown, head with numerous line marks, ventral-most portion of lower body pale, dorsal fin brown, dorsal-fin margin black, anal-fin margin whitish, head pores with white rim, series of small dark spots forming several lines on head and a single line of black spot-on mid-line of body (Fig. +2 +). After preservation, body tanned, series of small dark spot lines remain the same in the head and body (Fig. +5 +). + + + +Figure 5. + +Gymnothorax tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov. holotype, NBFGR/MURGTAM, 487.8 mm TL preserved colouration. + + + + +Distribution. +Indian Ocean: off Cuddalore Coast, Bay of Bengal, southeast coast of India. The species were collected at a depth of about 25-30 metres. + + +Etymology. + +The species is named " +tamilnaduensis +" with reference to the state Tamil Nadu from where it was collected. + + + +Remarks. + +The brown unpatterned groups of morays were divided into two groups by + +Boehlke +(1997 + +, +2000 +): the long brown unpatterned morays (> 150 vertebrae) and the short brown unpatterned morays (<150 vertebrae). The species described herein comes under the short brown unpatterned moray. From Indian waters, only three species of short brown unpatterned morays have been described to date ( +Mohapatra et al. 2019 +). All three short brown unpatterned morays reported from India have smooth teeth, and the new species clearly differs from all three species in having serrated teeth. The new species differs from all the Indian water short brown morays by having jaw pores with white rim (vs. black in + +G. andamanensis + +, brown in + +G. mishrai + +and dark in + +G. odishi + +); having more total vertebrae (139-150 vs. 135-136 in + +G. andamanensis + +, 134 in + +G. mishrai + +and 133-138 in + +G. odishi + +); smaller snout (6.5-7.4 in HL vs. 4.4 in + +G. andamanensis + +, 6.5 in + +G. mishrai + +, 4.3-5.4 in + +G. odishi + +); having a distinct series of lines of small dark spots present on head and a single line of black spot on the mid-line of the body (vs. absent in all the other species). + + +The new species shares serrate teeth with + +Gymnothorax atolli + +(Pietschmann, 1935), + +G. australicola + +Lavenberg 1992, + +G. panamensis + +(Steindachner, 1876) and + +G. pindae + +Smith 1962, but the new species differs from the species mentioned above by having more total vertebrae (139-150 vs. 127-133 in + +G. atolli + +, 122-137 in + +G. panamensis + +and 110-124 in + +G. pindae + +), fewer predorsal vertebrae (3 vs. 4-6 in + +G. atolli + +, 5-6 in + +G. australicola + +, 8-12 in + +G. panamensis + +and 5-7 in + +G. pindae + +) and uniserial maxillary teeth (vs. biserial in + +G. atolli + +, + +G. australicola + +and + +G. panamensis + +). + + +Further, the new species differs from the other unpatterned morays, such as + +Gymnothorax herrei + +Beebe & Tee-Van, 1933, + +G. kontodontos + +Boehlke +, 2000, + +G. microstictus + +Boehlke +, 2000 and + +G. pseudoherrei + +Boehlke +, 2000 by having serrate teeth (vs. smooth in all the remaining species); more total vertebrae (139-150 vs. 108-122 in + +G. herrei + +, 126-135 in + +G. kontodontos + +, 113-121 in + +G. microstictus + +, 110-118 in + +G. pseudoherrei + +); more pre-anal vertebrae (56-59 vs. 45-50 in + +G. herrei + +, 40-43 in + +G. kontodontos + +, 40-44 in + +G. microstictus + +, 44-50 in + +G. pseudoherrei + +) (Table +2 +). + + + +Table 2. +Comparative characters from short brown unpatterned + +Gymnothorax + +(data obtained from + +Boehlke +(2000) + +and specimens examined from India). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
- + +G. tamilnaduensis + +sp. nov. + + +G. andamanensis + + + +G. atolli + + + +G. australicola + + + +G. herrei + + + +G. kontodontos + + + +G. microstictus + + + +G. mishrai + + + +G. odishi + + + +G. panamensis + + + +G. pindae + + + +G. pseudoherrei + +
+Branchial pores +221112222222
+Pre-dorsal vert. +334-65-67-117-94-5948-125-75-9
+Pre-anal vert. +56-595751-5452-5645-5040-4340-445955-5850-5542-4644-50
+Total vert. +139-150135-136127-133141-146108-122126-135113-121134133-138122-137110-124110-118
+Jaw pores +White rimBlack rimWhite rimWhite rimPale rimPale rimBrown rimBrown rimDark rimWhite rimBrown rimBrown rim
+Median EV teeth +0-33222-32233222
+Inner EV teeth +038-147-128-159-130-7009-120-108-21
+MX teeth +UniserialBiserialBiserialBiserialBiserial2-3 series1-2 seriesUniserialUniserialBiserialUniserialBiserial
+DFO/GO +BeforeBeforeBeforeBeforeBehindBehindBeforeBeforeBeforeBehindBeforeBefore
+VM teeth +UniserialUniserialUniserialUniserialUniserial2-3 seriesUniserialUniserialUniserialIrregularStaggeredStaggered
+Teeth edge +SerrateSmoothSerrateSerrateSmoothSmoothSmoothSmoothSmoothSerrateSerrateSmooth
+ + + +Molecular analysis. + +Based on the 16s rRNA gene sequences, the new species exhibits 8.0% genetic divergence with + +G. reticularis + +sequences in the Kimura 2 parameter. Further, the new species exhibits 10.1% genetic divergence with + +G. sagmacephalus + +, followed by + +G. albimarginatus + +by 11.2%-12.1%, + +G. castaneus + +(11.9%) and + +G. pictus + +(12.6%). The Maximum Likelihood tree (Fig. +6 +) shows the new species forms a strongly distinct clade from the congeners with a high bootstrap value supporting the status as a new species. + + + +Figure 6. +The Maximum Likelihood tree of the genus + +Gymnothorax + +plotted with a model of HKY+G+I with 1000 bootstrap replicates, based on 16s rRNA sequences (500 bp). Each node represents branch support values. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BB/20/16BB203FD78C22D60C33A31458308A31.xml b/data/16/BB/20/16BB203FD78C22D60C33A31458308A31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7e0f24f9d3c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BB/20/16BB203FD78C22D60C33A31458308A31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,251 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Asteraceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/asteraceae.html + +url + + + + + + +Doronicum +x +excelsum + +(N. E. Br.) Stace + + + + + + +Hohe +Gaemswurz + + + + + +Art ISFS: 140180 Checklist: 1015635 +Asteraceae +Doronicum +Doronicum plantagineum +aggr. +Doronicum +xexcelsum +(N. E. Br.) Stace + + + +Bestimmungsschluessel + + + +Zusammenfassung +KEINE ANGABE + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + +
KEINE ANGABE
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Doronicum +xexcelsum + + +(N. E. Br.) Stace + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Hohe +Gaemswurz + +Nom +francais +: +Doronic +Nome italiano: +Doronico gigante + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= + +Doronicum +xexcelsum +(N. E. Br.) Stace + + + +Checklist 2017 + +140180
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Kommentare aus der +Checklist 2017 +Neues Taxon: Von SISF-2 nicht +beruecksichtigter +, stabiler (ohne Eltern vorkommender) Hybrid. Checklist + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500) + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BB/22/16BB2281330C5D46A0328AC46DC5ACAE.xml b/data/16/BB/22/16BB2281330C5D46A0328AC46DC5ACAE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7fca166f956 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BB/22/16BB2281330C5D46A0328AC46DC5ACAE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,371 @@ + + + +Taxonomic study of the tribe Campsomerini (Hymenoptera, Scoliidae) from northern Vietnam, with the description of a new species and a checklist of Vietnamese scoliid wasps + + + +Author + +Pham, Phong Huy +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-3865 +Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam +phong.wasp@gmail.com + + + +Author + +van Achterberg, Cornelis +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853 +State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +2023 + +2023-10-06 + + +70 + + +2 + + +369 +385 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101152 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101152 +1860-1324-2-369 +D51A716B7B5142EB882572744472351E +92BE51A262F4519D86D6B2D28552489B + + + + +Phalerimeris phalerata phalerata (de Saussure, 1858) + + + + +Fig. 5A-C + + + + +Elis (Campsomeris) phalerata +de Saussure, 1858: 233. + + +Elis (Dielis) phalerata +de Saussure: de +Saussure and Sichel 1864 +: 201. + + +Elis (Dielis) iris +Lepeletier: +Magretti 1892 +: 247. + + +Campsomeris albopilosa +Rohwer, 1911: 480. + + +Campsonleris (Dielis) phalerata phalerata +(de Saussure): +Betrem 1928 +: 103. + + +Campsomeris lindenii +(Lepeletier): +Yano 1932 +: 317. + + +Campsomeris (Phalerimeris) phalerata +(de Saussure): Betrem in +Bradley and Betrem 1967 +: 294. + + +Phalerimeris phalerata phalerata +(de Saussure): +Bradley 1974 +: 460. + + + +Specimens examined. + + +Vietnam +: +Quang Ninh +: +3 ♀♀ +, +Yen Tu National Park +, +Uong Bi +, +27.vi.2013 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham + +; + +2 ♂♂ +, +Bai Chay +, +14.vi.2020 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + +Nam Dinh +: +1 ♀ + ++ + +1 ♂ +, +Xuan Thuy National Park +, +Xuan Thuy +, +31.xii.2015 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + +Ha Noi +: +2 ♀♀ + ++ + +2 ♂♂ +, +My Dinh +, +Nam Tu Liem +, +17.xi.2015 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham + +; +3 ♀♀ ++ + +2 ♂♂ +, +Lien Mac +, +Bac Tu Liem +, +6.vii.2019 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham + +; +1 ♀ ++ + +2 ♂♂ +, +Van Hoa +, +Ba Vi +, +8.i.2020 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham + +; +1 ♀ ++ + +2 ♂♂ +, +Long Bien +, +12.xii.2015 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham + +; + +4 ♀♀ +, +Co Nhue +2, +Bac Tu Liem +, +03.iv.2017 +, +4.iv.2022 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + +Hoa Binh +: +2 ♀♀ + ++ + +4 ♂♂ +, +Tan Lac +, +Yen Thuy +, +3.viii.2017 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + +Thai Binh +: +3 ♀♀ + ++ + +5 ♂♂ +, +Dong Minh +and +Dong Hoang +, +Tien Hai +, +27.vii.2018 +, +Coll. Phong Huy Pham. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +Female. +Body length 12-20 mm. Front with deep punctures in front of anterior ocellus; lateral carina of propodeum extended beyond spiracle; forewing yellowish and hyaline, with first submarginal cell almost entirely covered with short setae and with a large black spot subapically; legs ferruginous; antenna black; mandible often red-brown; T1-T3 with narrow yellow bands apically; apical fringes on T1-T4 reddish-golden; erect vestiture and tomentum reddish-golden, except black on two last metasomal segments (Fig. +5A +). + + + +Figure 5. + +Phalerimeris phalerata phalerata + +(de Saussure, 1858). +A +. Habitus, female, dorsal view; +B +. Habitus, male, dorsal view; +C +. Genitalia, ventral view. + + + +Male. +Body length 10-13 mm. Antenna and legs wholly black; metasoma with faint blue reflections; clypeus, except for large black spot medially, base of mandible, lower part of inner eye orbit, scrobe, elongate mark on gena, scapula, callosity, tiny mark on mesoscutum posterolaterally, small spot on tegula anteriorly, narrow band on scutellum anteriorly, large median spot on metanotum, anterior side of fore coxa, apical mark on fore and hind femora beneath, narrow stripes above and below on mid-femur, outer surfaces of fore and mid-tibiae and outer surface of first fore tarsi yellow; apical yellow bands on T1-T4, covering less than one-half of their length (Fig. +5B +); S2-S4 with narrow apical yellow bands, that on S4, broadly interrupted medially; erect vestiture pale white, except black on two last metasomal segments and some black setae on T5 apically; wings hyaline, slightly infumated at apex; forewing without dark mark subapically; base of volsella with sparse setae, distance between bases of these setae more than their own diameter (Fig. +5C +). + + + +Distribution. + +Vietnam (new record): Ha Noi, Hoa Binh, Nam Dinh, Quang Ninh, Thai Binh (Fig. +8F +). Elsewhere: Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Taiwan, Thailand ( +Betrem 1928 +; +Gupta and Jonathan 2003 +; Girish Kumar and Pham Ph 2015; +Liu et al. 2021a +; + +Taylor and +Barthelemy +2021 + +). + + + +Phalerimeris phalerata + +is widely distributed in the Oriental region and ranges from Sri Lanka, India and Nepal, eastwards to Southeast Asia and also into China and Taiwan. Three subspecies have been recorded + +P. phalerata phalerata + +(de Saussure), + +P. p. turneri + +(Betrem, 1928) and + +P. p. bankanensis + +(Betrem, 1928). +Osten (2005) +did not recognise the last subspecies. In females, these three subspecies are distinguished, based on apical fringes on the metasomal terga and the yellow bands on T1 and T2. In + +P. p. phalerata + +, the apical fringes on T1-T4 are reddish-golden, the apical fringe on T5 and setae on T6 are black and the yellow bands on T1 and T2 are narrow and continuous in the middle area. In + +P. p. turneri + +, the apical fringes on T1-T5 and setae on T6 are reddish-golden and the yellow bands on T1 and T2 are moderately broad and continuous in the middle area. In + +P. p. bankanensis + +, the apical fringes on T1-T5 and setae on T6 are reddish-golden and the yellow bands on T1 and T2 are rather narrow and interrupted in the middle. The males of all three subspecies are very similar (de +Saussure 1858 +; +Betrem 1928 +; +Gupta and Jonathan 2003 +). + + +In some female specimens of + +P. phalerata phalerata + +from North Vietnam, the apical yellow bands on T1 and T2 are narrow, about one-third the length of T1 and one-fifth that of T2 and continuous in the middle area. The apical yellow band on T3 is also narrow, but interrupted in the middle. The apical fringe on T5 includes both median black and lateral yellow setae and setae on T6 are entirely black. Therefore, the population of this species in northern Vietnam shows variation suggesting that + +P. p. turneri + +should be synonymised with + +P. p. phalerata + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BC/57/16BC57A4CDD756318D08E289F60826D2.xml b/data/16/BC/57/16BC57A4CDD756318D08E289F60826D2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..92d71eba37d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BC/57/16BC57A4CDD756318D08E289F60826D2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Additions to the vascular flora of the Tyumen region, Western Siberia + + + +Author + +Kapitonova, Olga A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6618-7029 +Tobolsk complex scientific station of the Ural branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 626152, Russia, Tyumen Region, Tobolsk, 15 Academic Yu. Osipov St +kapoa.tkns@gmail.com + +text + + +Acta Biologica Sibirica + + +2020 + +2020-10-05 + + +6 + + +339 +355 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/abs.6.e52696 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/abs.6.e52696 +2412-1908-6-339 +9FF763A6E92E47F5A081FB6648E1AE7A +BF0606D3FEDD5165BD1AD6C2DD4921AE + + + + +Galega orientalis Lam. + + + +Material examined. + + +RUSSIA +, +Tyumen + +Reg. - +Vagai distr. + +• neighbourhood of village +Kas'yanova +; +58.0181°N +, +69.1345°E +; left-coast floodplain of the +Irtysh River +, fallow on the manes between the lakes; +20 Jun. 2019 +; +V.I. Kapitonov +leg. (Fig. +1 +) + +. + + + +Note. +A new location of this alien species in the territory of the Tyumen Region. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BC/C1/16BCC1E889291EF3A05BE2043092C368.xml b/data/16/BC/C1/16BCC1E889291EF3A05BE2043092C368.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1966896019b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BC/C1/16BCC1E889291EF3A05BE2043092C368.xml @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ + + + +Order Primates + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +111 +184 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Mandrillus +Ritgen 1824 + + + + + + + +Mandrillus +Ritgen 1824 + +, +Natureichen Eintheilung der Saugethiere: 33 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Simia maimon +Linnaeus 1766 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Chaeropithecus +Gray 1870 + +; + +Drill +Reichenbach 1862 + +; + +Maimon +Trouessart 1904 + +; + +Mandril +Voigt 1831 + +; + +Mormon +Wagner 1839 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +2 species with 2 subspecies: + + +Species + +Mandrillus leucophaeus +(F. Cuvier 1807) + + + +Subspecies + +Mandrillus leucophaeus +subsp. +leucophaeus +F. Cuvier 1807 + + + +Subspecies + +Mandrillus leucophaeus +subsp. +poensis +Zukowsky 1922 + + + +Species + +Mandrillus sphinx +( +Linnaeus 1758 +) + + + + + +Discussion: +Not +a synonym of + +Papio + +(see Groves, 1989), pace +McKenna and Bell (1997) +. +Delson and Napier (1976:46) +considered these two species in genus + +Papio + +, subgenus + +Papio + +; placed in subgenus + +Mandrillus + +by +Dandelot (1974:9) +. + +Mandrillus + +considered a full genus by Groves (1989, 2001 +c +); placed as a subgenus of + +Cercocebus + +by Goodman et al. (1998). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BD/CD/16BDCD5DF6EE506F808E841F4F6478B7.xml b/data/16/BD/CD/16BDCD5DF6EE506F808E841F4F6478B7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e11fede594c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BD/CD/16BDCD5DF6EE506F808E841F4F6478B7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + + +An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera (Insecta) housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH): Part I. superfamilies Hepialoidea, Cossoidea, and Zygaenoidea + + + +Author + +Zahiri, Reza +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6274-6973 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Entomology Laboratory, Bldg. 18, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada +reza.zahiri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Tarmann, Gerhard +Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum der Tiroler Landesmuseen, Ferdinandeum, Krajnc-Strasse 1, 6060 Hall, Austria + + + +Author + +Efetov, Konstantin A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-7264 +Laboratory of Biotechnology and Department of Biological Chemistry, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, RU- 295051, Simferopol, Russia + + + +Author + +Rajaei, Hossein +Department Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Seidel, Matthias +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4913-8778 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Jaenicke, Birgit +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & Museum fuer Naturkunde, Invalidenstrasse 43; 10115 Berlin, Germany + + + +Author + +Dalsgaard, Thure +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Sikora, Marcy +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Husemann, Martin +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-6681 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + +text + + +Evolutionary Systematics + + +2021 + +2021-03-22 + + +5 + + +1 + + +39 +70 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62003 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62003 +2535-0730-1-39 +DEAAFC263BF64BAE9477135FC015082A +32A8ABA3497F5334A9B15F91274948F4 + + + + +29. +Zygaena (Mesembrynus) brizae staudingeriana Reiss, 1932 + + + + +Zygaena (Mesembrynus) corycia staudingeriana +Reiss, 1932: Int. Ent. Z. 26: 270. + + + +Type material examined. + +Syntypes 6♂♂ (ZHM 61385- ZMH 61390) (Fig. +29 +). "SYRIA / LIBANON / BSCHARRE / 1600M 1,-15 VI.31 / E. PFEIFFER LEG / F DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// CO-TYPE VON / +Z. CORYCIA +SSP. / +STAUDINGERIANA +/ REISS / DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20, 1960 // v. staudingeralis / +Reiss +. // ZMH 61385"; "SYRIA / LIBANON / BSCHARRE / 1600M 1,-15 VI.31 / E. PFEIFFER LEG / F DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// CO-TYPE VON / +Z. CORYCIA +SSP. / +STAUDINGERIANA +/ REISS / DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20, 1960 // ZMH 61386"; "SYRIA / LIBANON / BSCHARRE / 1300M 1, -15 VI.31 / E. PFEIFFER LEG / F DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// CO-TYPE VON / +Z. CORYCIA +SSP. / +STAUDINGERIANA +/ REISS / DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20, 1960 // ZMH 61387"; "Becharree / Libanon / Juni 31. / Kulzer. // CO-TYPE VON / +Z. CORYCIA +SPP. / +STAUDINGERIANA +/ REISS / DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20, 1960 // ZMH 61388"; "Becharree / Libanon / Juni 31. / Kulzer // CO-TYPE VON / +Z. CORYCIA +SPP. / +STAUDINGERIANA +/ REISS / DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20, 1960 // ZMH 61389"; "Becharree / Libanon / Juni 31. / Kulzer // CO-TYPE VON / +Z. CORYCIA +SPP. / +STAUDINGERIANA +/ REISS / DANIEL / +MUENCHEN +// Coll. Bytinski-Salz / Eing. Nr. 20, 1960 // ZMH 61390". + + + +Type locality. +Libanon, Bscharre [Lebanon]. + + +Current status. +Valid subspecies. + + +Remarks. + +Reiss (1932a) +proposed this name as a subspecies of + +Z. corycia + +Staudinger, 1871, but this species name was synonymized with +Z. (Mesembrynus) brizae +(Esper, 1800) ( +Hofmann and Tremewan 1996 +), thus the current combination is +Z. (M.) brizae staudingeriana +Reiss, 1932. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BE/13/16BE13E2884855EE84E8E13A9EAFC2E0.xml b/data/16/BE/13/16BE13E2884855EE84E8E13A9EAFC2E0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..10eccfbf649 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BE/13/16BE13E2884855EE84E8E13A9EAFC2E0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,198 @@ + + + +Early teleost otolith morphogenesis observed in the Jurassic of Franconia, Bavaria, southern Germany + + + +Author + +Schwarzhans, Werner +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4842-7989 +Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Kobenhavn, Denmark & Ahrensburger Weg 103, 22359 Hamburg, Germany +wwschwarz@aol.com + + + +Author + +Keupp, Helmut +Freie Universitaet Berlin, Institut fuer Geologische Wissenschaften, Fachrichtung Palaeontologie, Malteser Strasse 74 - 100, Haus D, 12249 Berlin, Germany + +text + + +Zitteliana + + +2022 + +2022-04-12 + + +96 + + +51 +67 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.81737 +2747-8106-96-51 +CD8C70BA025345408EFCD430A12F6B35 +FCEF2A912BC258BBB022681E86486B06 + + + + +Leptolepis inaequalis (Weiler, 1954) + + + + +Plate 3, figs 9-11 + + + + +Otolithus inaequalis +1954 +Otolithus +(inc.sed.) +inaequalis +- Weiler: pl. 4, fig. 170. + + +Otolithus calloviensis +1956 +Otolithus calloviensis +- +Schroeder +: pl. 6, figs 17-18. + + + +Otolithus +puenzendorfensis + +1956 +Otolithus + +puenzendorfensis + +- +Schroeder +: pl. 7, fig. 39. + + +Leptolepis inaequalis +2018 +Leptolepis inaequalis +(Weiler, 1954) - Schwarzhans: fig. 2E. + + + +Material. + + +4 specimens +: +Weiler's +holotype +of + +Ot. inaequalis + +from the +Callovian +to +Oxfordian of Kandern +, + +Baden-Wuertemberg + +(SMF P.3067, refigured in Plate +3 +, fig. 11) + +; + +3 specimens +from +Schroeder's +collection from the early Callovian: +holotype +of + +Ot. calloviensis + +from + +Puenzendorf + +(SNSB-BSPG +2022 III 8 +, Plate +3 +, fig. 10) and + +1 paratype +from +Puenzendorf +(SNSB-BSPG +2022 III 9 +), +holotype +of + +Ot. puenzendorfensis + +(emended spelling, SNSB-BSPG +2022 III +39, Plate +3 +, fig. 9). + + + +Differential diagnosis. + + +Leptolepis inaequalis + +is characterized by being very thin with nearly flat inner and outer faces. It shares these features only with + +L. macrocephalus + +(see below), from which it differs in its slightly slenderer shape (OL:OH = 1.5 vs. 1.35-1.4) and its shallow and rather long postdorsal rim (vs. rounded and expanded). + + + +Discussion. + +Due to the fragile nature of these thin and delicate otoliths, only one complete specimen of + +L. inaequalis + +is known: the holotype from Weiler. All three specimens from +Schroeder +, which we synonymized with + +L. inaequalis + +, are incomplete because they lack the rostrum, but they do show the typical flat inner face in combination with the shallow and long postdorsal rim. +Schroeder's +drawing of the holotype of + +Ot. calloviensis + +indicates a complete specimen, but the one found in his collection is slightly damaged, which possibly happened after the drawing was made. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BE/1E/16BE1EBCBFE30A6DCCEADB93E0DCE2DA.xml b/data/16/BE/1E/16BE1EBCBFE30A6DCCEADB93E0DCE2DA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3bf9c03d0e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BE/1E/16BE1EBCBFE30A6DCCEADB93E0DCE2DA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +A new species of armored scale, Mycetaspis ailynaomi (Hemiptera, Diaspididae, Aspidiotinae), associated with Mammea americana L. (Malpighiales, Calophyllaceae) from Puerto Rico + + + +Author + +Dones, Ramon A. + + + +Author + +Evans, Gregory A. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +108 + + +1 +10 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.108.1214 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.108.1214 +1313-2970-108-1 + + + + +Mycetaspis ailynaomi Dones and Evans +sp. n. +Figs 1-6 + + + +Adult female. +Appearance in life was not recorded, but the scale is not pupillarial. Body 1241µm long and 1136µm wide in the holotype; 1347µm long and 998µm wide in the paratype; almost circular. Pygidium slightly produced, almost (1.1 times) as broad as long, 279µm long by 423µm wide and 263µm long by 440µm wide in holotype and paratype, respectively. + + +Description. + +Cephalothorax. Anterior margin of head heavily sclerotized with 10-14 tooth-like, sclerotized lobular processes. Eyes are represented by a sclerotized dot. Antennae each composed of a conspicuous seta and a tubercle. A group of 18-20 microducts in front of each anterior spiracle. A band of microducts between the anterior and posterior spiracles extending outward from the median area to the margin in a slight upward angle without reaching the margin. Pygidium. Lobes. With 4 well-developed lobes (L1-L4); L1 more or less symmetrical, longer than L2-L4, flask-shaped, divergent on the mesal margin, which are shorter than the lateral margin. L2 with mesal margin one third as long as the lateral margin, with 2 or 3 small round teeth. L3 and L4 similar to L2, but more diagonally set with the lateral margin about 4 times as long as the mesal margin. Basal sclerosis. Similar in shape to a paraphysis, arising from the mesal margin of the L1 lobes, about twice as long as the lobe and about one third as wide as the base of the lobe, almost parallel-sided and rounded on the top. Paraphyses. Arranged 2-3-3 on each side of the pygidium. First interlobular space (space between L1 and L2) with a long paraphysis terminating in a club and almost twice as long the basal sclerosis associated with L1; a smaller paraphysis arising from mesal base of L2 and slightly shorter than half the length of the long paraphyses in the space. Second interlobular space with 3 paraphyses: the mesal one arising from the lateral basal corner of L2, similar to the paraphysis arising from the mesal corner of L2 in size and shape; the median paraphysis in the space about twice as long as the mesal paraphysis, approximately the same as the long paraphysis in the first interlobular space in size and shape; the lateral paraphysis from the mesal corner of L3, similar to the mesal paraphysis. The third interlobular space has 2 or 3 paraphyses: a short paraphysis arising at the lateral basal corner of L3, followed by a longer one more than twice as long as the former one. Paraphyses arising from the mesal basal corner of L4 faint or almost obsolete; pygidial margin anterior to L4 also with some short paraphyses. Plates. Plates occurring between lobes, but their numbers are difficult to determine in the available specimens. Plates occurring between L1 and L2 slender and simple, short, not extending beyond the apices of the lobes; plates between L2 and L3 slightly longer and wider with truncate apices; space between L3 and L4 appearing to have 3 short plates, one slender and 2 wider with truncate apices. Anal opening. Small, 14.5 +µm +in diameter, +separated +from the bases of L1 by a space about 6.5 times as long as its diameter. Perivulvar pores. Absent. + + + +Male. +Unknown. + + + +Type +material. + + +Two adult females, holo- and paratype, Puerto Rico: 27.vi.2006, M. Resto, on +Mammea americana +fruit. Specimens are mounted in Canada Balsam. Both specimens are deposited in the U.S. Museum of Natural History (USNM) in Beltsville, Maryland. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Mycetaspis ailynaomi +is most similar to +Mycetaspis defectopalus +Ferris in the shape of the pygidial lobes and the relative lengths and shapes of the paraphyses, but differs from the latter and other species in the genus in having 10-14 sclerotized lobular processes along the anterior margin of the cephalothorax; whereas the anterior margin of the cephalothorax is sclerotized, but smooth and rounded in the other species. + + + +Biology. + +This species in only known to occur on +Mammea americana +fruit in Puerto Rico. Several embryos were present in both the holotype and paratype specimens. + + + +Etymology. + +The species name is the combination of the names of the first +author's +daughters, Ailyn and Naomi, as a testimony of his love to them. + + + +Figures 1-4. +Mycetaspis ailynaomi +holotype female 1 habitus 2 detail of lobes on head 3 detail of cluster of thoracic pores 4 detail of pygidial lobes. + + + + +Figure 5. +Mycetaspis ailynaomi +, habitus of holotype female. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BE/34/16BE349D2F910E0D972CCDF383624BA8.xml b/data/16/BE/34/16BE349D2F910E0D972CCDF383624BA8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9e924e66c12 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BE/34/16BE349D2F910E0D972CCDF383624BA8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +252 +342 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Asplenium trichomanes +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +2 + +: 1080. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Europae fissuris rupium." RCN: 7838. + + + + +Lectotype +(Bobrov in +Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. +21: 15. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 1250.12 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Asplenium trichomanes + +L. subsp. + +trichomanes + + +( +Aspleniaceae +). + + + + +Note: +See discussion by Viane (in +Nordic J. Bot. +14: 150. 1994), who designated a Burser collection as +lectotype +but this choice is predated by that of Bobrov. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BE/E7/16BEE7EAF80B6C66BCDC6B82519315DD.xml b/data/16/BE/E7/16BEE7EAF80B6C66BCDC6B82519315DD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..92b9ea9eb42 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BE/E7/16BEE7EAF80B6C66BCDC6B82519315DD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Hornmilben (Oribatida) [pages 149 to 212] + + + +Author + +Weigmann, G. + + + +Author + +Miko, L. + +text + + +2006 +Goecke & Evers + +Keltern + + + +Hornmilben (Oribatida) [Dahl, Tierwelt Deutschlands, Teil 76] + + + +149 +212 + + + + +http://www.goeckeevers.de/verlag/dahl.html + +book chapter +Weigmann2006pp149to212 + + + + +Poroliodes farinosus +(C.L. Koch, 1840) [91] + + + + +Diagnose: ss gestielt, distal blattartig verbreitert; in und ex kurz, le fehlend; PD grubig; G quergeteilt, vorn mit (3-)5 g, hinten mit (1-)2 g-, 1 ag, 2 ad, 2 an. +Koerperlaenge +1000- 1100 µm. + + + + +Syn., Tax.: +Nothrus farinosus C.L. Koch +,1840 (CMA 29.8). +Neoliodes f. +: Willmann 1931a (B). +Poroliodes f. +: Grandjean 1934f; Perez-Inigo 1997 (B). + + + + +- " +Nothrus theleproctus +": Michael 1888 (B). + + + + +Oekologie +: In Flechten und Moos an +Staemmen +und Zweigen von +Baeumen +; an Totholz. + + + +Verbreitung: Palaearktis, in Deutschland selten. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BF/07/16BF07378326A4CA0E01C90CB85CFEA5.xml b/data/16/BF/07/16BF07378326A4CA0E01C90CB85CFEA5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d39e59ae3b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BF/07/16BF07378326A4CA0E01C90CB85CFEA5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Hornmilben (Oribatida) [pages 323 to 417] + + + +Author + +Weigmann, G. + + + +Author + +Miko, L. + +text + + +2006 +Goecke & Evers + +Keltern + + + +Hornmilben (Oribatida) [Dahl, Tierwelt Deutschlands, Teil 76] + + + +323 +417 + + + + +http://www.goeckeevers.de/verlag/dahl.html + +book chapter +Weigmann2006pp323to417 + + + + +Ceratozetes laticuspidatus Menke +, 1964 [203i-l] + + + +Syn., Tax.: Menke 1964b; Ghilarov & Krivoluckij 1975 (B); Perez-Inigo 1993 (B). + + + +Oekologie +: In pflanzlichem Bestandsabfall, auf +Ruderalflaechen +. + + + +Verbreitung: Europa. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BF/29/16BF293C6FEF4224FA052D82267217E6.xml b/data/16/BF/29/16BF293C6FEF4224FA052D82267217E6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b8ffc64001e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BF/29/16BF293C6FEF4224FA052D82267217E6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Megacraspedus Zeller, 1839, a challenging taxonomic tightrope of species delimitation (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) + + + +Author + +Huemer, Peter + + + +Author + +Karsholt, Ole + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +800 + + +1 +278 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.800.26292 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.800.26292 +1313-2970-800-1 +EB5EC9C8D9804F5ABD9AE48DB4158D59 +EB5EC9C8D9804F5ABD9AE48DB4158D59 + + + + +Megacraspedus pacificus +sp. n. + + + +Examined material. + +Holotype ♂, "29.VII.1963 Afghan.[istan] centr., O v [East of] Band-i-Amir, 3600 m Kasy & Vartian leg." "Gen. +Praep +. Mus. Vind. 16.661 ♂" (NHMW). Paratype. Afghanistan. 1 ♀, prov. Bamyan, Band-i-Amir, 3000 m, 30.vii.1963, leg. Kasy & Vartian, genitalia slide Mus. Vind. 16.662 (NHMW). + + + +Description. +Adult. Male (Figure 149). Wingspan 15 mm. Segment 2 of labial palpus with long scale brush, blackish brown on outer surface, white mottled with brown on inner surface, white on lower and upper surface; segment 3 white with black tip. Antennal scape with a single pecten; flagellum indistinctly ringed black and grey. Head, thorax and tegula light grey-brown. Forewing bone white mottled with grey and brown, especially at base and along veins and wing margins; margin of costa white; black dots in fold at 2/5, and at 3/5 in middle of wing and at end of cell; scattered black scales forming an interrupted line along termen; fringes light grey. Hindwing grey with light grey fringes. +Female (Figure 150). Wingspan 12 mm. Antenna ringed black and white. Head, thorax and tegula white. Forewing slightly ellipsoid, white, slightly mottled with brownish and black scales, especially along veins; a black subcostal spot at one-quarter. Hindwing reduced in width and with extended apex. Otherwise similar to male. +Variation. None from the few examined specimens. + +Male genitalia (Figure 265). Uncus sub-rectangular, slightly longer than broad, distally weakly produced with evenly rounded apex; gnathos hook moderately slender, apically pointed, approximately 1.5 times length of uncus, bent at right angles at about one-third; tegumen with broad and shallow anterior emargination, anteriolaterally with short sclerotised ridges merged near middle of tegumen; pedunculi small, suboval; valva stout, extending slightly beyond base of uncus, basally broad, distal part with sclerotised setose ridge, apex shovel-shaped, distorted; saccular area densely covered with setae, without separated sacculus; posterior margin of vinculum shallow, with curved lateral hump; saccus stout, V-shaped, about length of valva, posterior +margin +hardly emarginated, with indistinctly sinusoid mediolateral humps, medial part with sclerotised ridge from posterior margin to middle of saccus, lateral sclerites slightly exceeding maximum width of saccus; phallus with weakly inflated coecum, distal three quarters slender, sub-basally with a prominent, weakly dentated thorn, medially covered with about a dozen short spinules. + +Female genitalia (Figure 304). Papilla analis small, apically rounded, largely membranous; apophysis posterior slender rod-like, about 3 mm long, posterior end bordered by small sclerotised field; segment VIII approximately 0.7 mm long, weakly sclerotised to membranous; subgenital plate with large subostial sclerotisation delimiting ostium bursae, sub-triangular process from base of apophysis anterior pointed anteromedially and delimiting anterior margin of segment VIII, and posteromedially pointed process, demarcating lateral part of ostium bursae by deeply sclerotised wall; apophysis anterior rod-like, anterior part of 1 mm length, venula a longitudinal sclerotised zone along entire segment VIII; colliculum short, weakly sclerotised; ductus bursae slender, widened to weakly delimited corpus bursae; entire length of ductus and corpus bursae approximately 2.6 mm; signum a small, transverse, spiny plate. + + +Diagnosis. + +Megacraspedus pacificus +sp. n. is characterised by its light greyish brown forewings with three weak black dots and an interrupted black line along the termen. It is similar to +M. imparellus +(Figs 100-102) which has slightly broader and lighter forewings with more distinct black dots. This species and +M. pacificus +sp. n. have a single pecten on the antennal scape, whereas the somewhat similar +M. leuca +(Figs 111-112) has several hairs on the antennal scape. See also +M. armatophallus +sp. n. (see below) and +M. majorella +(p 124). The shape of the valva and the characteristic thorn of the phallus are unmistakable diagnostic characters in the male genitalia. The female genitalia are similar to +M. armatophallus +sp. n. but differ in particular in the much smaller and weakly sclerotised colliculum. + + + +Molecular data. +Not available, available specimens too old. + + +Distribution. +Central Afghanistan (prov. Bamyan). + + +Biology. +Host plant and early stages are unknown. The adults have been collected at the end of July at high altitudes from 3000 to 3600 m. + + +Etymology. + +The species name is derived from the Latin word +pacificus +, in the sense of bringing peace to the type locality of Afghanistan. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BF/81/16BF81EB0A284E6465186A03C96E45D1.xml b/data/16/BF/81/16BF81EB0A284E6465186A03C96E45D1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f35cee6e5d5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BF/81/16BF81EB0A284E6465186A03C96E45D1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828-2-1168 + + + + + +Ametastegia equiseti ( +Fallen +, 1808) + + + + + +Tenthredo equiseti +Fallen +, 1808 + + +Tenthredo coxalis +(Hartig, 1837, +Tenthredo +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BF/9C/16BF9CC65BE106740155ED40F6D6C299.xml b/data/16/BF/9C/16BF9CC65BE106740155ED40F6D6C299.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3f6dda5a778 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BF/9C/16BF9CC65BE106740155ED40F6D6C299.xml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ + + + +Checklist of Fabaceae Lindley in Balaghat Ranges of Maharashtra, India + + + +Author + +Gore, Ramchandra + + + +Author + +Gaikwad, Sayajirao + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4541 +4541 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4541 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4541 +1314-2828-3-4541 + + + + +Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc. 1968 + + + +Materials + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: continent: Asia; country: +India +; countryCode: IN; stateProvince: Maharashtra; municipality: Patoda (Beed); locality: +Chincholi +; verbatimLatitude: 18° +55.914N +; verbatimLongitude: 75° +14.981E +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: degrees minutes; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: month: August-December; fieldNumber: RDG- 284; fieldNotes: Erect herbs; Record Level: institutionCode: +Wachland College of Arts & Science, Solapur (WCAS). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/BF/EE/16BFEE699FF443979124832D0CE5B0DA.xml b/data/16/BF/EE/16BFEE699FF443979124832D0CE5B0DA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..105032900e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/BF/EE/16BFEE699FF443979124832D0CE5B0DA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Muridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +1189 +1531 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Melomys obiensis +(Thomas 1911) + + + + + + + +[Melomys] obiensis +(Thomas 1911) + +, +Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 7: 208 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Indonesia +, Malukus, Pulau Obi. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Obi Island Melomys +. + + + + +Distribution: +Endemic to Obi and Bisa, Isls, south of Halmahera (Flannery, 1995 +b +; + +Helgen, 2003 +b + +). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Lower Risk (nt). + + + + +Discussion: +Judged by morphological traits, possibly a close relative of + +M. fraterculus + +from Seram, and more closely related to Australian + +Melomys cervinipes + +than to any New +Guinea +species, an observation gleaned from Musser’s study of specimens and earlier recorded by +Tate (1951:297) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C0/6D/16C06DB3A2545D83179421581E4AC0CF.xml b/data/16/C0/6D/16C06DB3A2545D83179421581E4AC0CF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d3c0d1d7444 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C0/6D/16C06DB3A2545D83179421581E4AC0CF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Texas spiders + + + +Author + +Dean, David Allen +Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America +a-dean-ento@tamu.edu + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-03-02 + + +570 + + +1 +703 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095 +1313-2970-570-1 +CE0DA439F6F64DCF82255700A3C50098 +E376FF8EFFF1F22C326D1E0DFF8BFFDF +579094 + + + + +Nodocion floridanus (Banks, 1896) + + + + +Nodocion floridanus +Bowen et al. 2004 +: 189; +Breene et al. 1993c +: 16, 47, 89, mf (figs 112A-B); +Calixto et al. 2013 +: 182; +Dean et al. 1982 +: 255; +Jackman 1997 +: 164; +Li 1990 +: 137, 142, 144; +Lombardini et al. 2005 +: 1378; +Platnick and Dondale 1992 +: 259, mf, desc. (figs 22-23, 405-409); +Platnick and Shadab 1980a +: 14 [S], mf, desc. (figs 21-26, 33); +Trevino 2014 +: 12; +Tugmon et al. 1990 +: 44; +Young and Edwards 1990 +: 17; +Zolnerowich and Horner 1985 +: 82 + + +Liodrassus deceptus +Gertsch and Mulaik, 1936; +Bonnet 1957 +: 2545; +Gertsch and Mulaik 1936a +: 12, mf, desc. (figs 22-24); +Roewer 1955 +: 424; +Vogel 1970b +: 10 + + + +Distribution. +Eastern 2/3 Texas; Baylor, Burleson, Cameron, Comanche, Grayson, Hidalgo, Jim Wells, Kenedy, Kerr, Robertson, San Patricio, San Saba, Travis, Walker, Webb, Wichita + + +Locality. +Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Bill Haney Pecan Orchard, Buddy Adams Pecan Orchard, Ellis Prison Unit, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Wichita, Storey Pecan Orchard + + +Time of activity. +Male (April - August, October - December); female (January, April - October) + + +Habitat. +(crops: cotton); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [m]); (orchard: pecan); (soil/woodland: post oak savanna with pasture, tamarisk bower, under bark) + + +Method. +Boll weevil pheromone trap [f]; cardboard band [mf]; pitfall trap [f] + + +Type. +Florida, Punta Gorda + + +Etymology. +locality (state) + + +Collection. +DMNS, MSU, TAMU + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C0/9A/16C09AD2C9E855D49767AF5641E20A11.xml b/data/16/C0/9A/16C09AD2C9E855D49767AF5641E20A11.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7a25123655c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C0/9A/16C09AD2C9E855D49767AF5641E20A11.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Breure, Abraham S. H. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, Leiden, the Netherlands +bbreure@xs4all.nl + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Natural History Museum, Division of Higher Invertebrates, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-03-21 + + +392 + + +1 +367 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 +1313-2970-392-1 +FFCF5A59FFB1FF93FFF10B43FFAFFFF5 +578044 + + + + +Otostomus emeus hypozonus Martens, 1893 +Figs 23E +, L27v + + + + +Bulimulus palpaloensis +Strebel in +Strebel and Pfeffer 1882 +: 85, pl. 5 figs 12d, 16. + + +Otostomus emeus +var. +hypozonus +Martens 1893 [1890-1901] +: 223. + + +Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) hypozonus +; + +Koehler +2007 + +: 150, fig. 116 (lectotype designation). + + + +Type locality. +"East Mexico". + + +Label. +"E. Mexico", in Martens handwriting. + + +Dimensions. +Not given; figured specimen herein H 19.3, D 11.3, W 5.7. + + + +Type +material. + +NHMUK 1901.6.22.794-795, two paralectotypes, H. Strebel leg. (Godman coll.). + + +Remarks. + +Strebel gave the measurements of nearly 30 specimens in his description of + +Bulimulus palpaloensis + +, but did not mention the material as presented by Martens-who remarked on the label " +Otostomus palpaloensis +Streb /.../ collected by Strebel". From their remarks ( +Strebel and Pfeffer 1882 +: 86) it is likely that Strebel collected the material himself (see also +Martens 1893 [1890-1901] +: 223). The specimens found are evidently material studied by Martens and described as his variety +hypozonus +; this variety is based on +Strebel and Pfeffer 1882 +: pl. 5 figs 12d, 16. No further evidence is given in this paper on which specimens these figures are based. The suggestion in + +Koehler +(2007) + +that Martens based this taxon on ZMB material is questionable, as +Martens 1890-1901 +was entirely based on the Godman collection which is now in NHMUK. The current systematic position is according to +Thompson (2011) +. + + + +Current systematic position. + +Bulimulidae +, + +Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) emeus + +(Say, 1830). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C1/C5/16C1C507D89B7D70850BA6D82F055AC5.xml b/data/16/C1/C5/16C1C507D89B7D70850BA6D82F055AC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9e58dda0b7f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C1/C5/16C1C507D89B7D70850BA6D82F055AC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part B) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +343 +369 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Bromelia nudicaulis +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 286. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in America meridionali." RCN: 2268. + + +Type not designated. + + +Original material: [icon] in Plumier in Burman, Pl. Amer.: 51, t. 62. 1756. + + + +Current name: + +Aechmea nudicaulis +(L.) Griseb. + +( +Bromeliaceae +). + + + + +Note: +Smith & Downs (in +Fl. Neotropica +14: 1928. 1979) indicated " +Plumier s.n. +(P), West Indies" as type but it is unclear if such a specimen exists at P and, if it does, it would not have been studied by Linnaeus so would not be original material for the name. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C2/1C/16C21C69750BF8D3A079A49A8A3EDA64.xml b/data/16/C2/1C/16C21C69750BF8D3A079A49A8A3EDA64.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d611ef4829d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C2/1C/16C21C69750BF8D3A079A49A8A3EDA64.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Ctenichneumon messorius (Gravenhorst, 1820) + + + + +Ichneumon messorius +Gravenhorst, 1820 + + +montivagus +(Giraud, 1877, +Amblyteles +) + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C2/20/16C2206D9894E1019660532BBAFF54CE.xml b/data/16/C2/20/16C2206D9894E1019660532BBAFF54CE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0e8eda2def7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C2/20/16C2206D9894E1019660532BBAFF54CE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Checklist of Serengeti Ecosystem Grasses + + + +Author + +Williams, Emma Victoria + + + +Author + +Elia Ntandu, John + + + +Author + +Ficinski, Pawel + + + +Author + +Vorontsova, Maria + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8286 +8286 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8286 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8286 +1314-2828--8286 + + + + +Echinochloa haploclada (Stapf) Stapf + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +K001087221 +; recordNumber: 5605; recordedBy: +Leippert +; Taxon: scientificName: Echinochloahaploclada (Stapf) Stapf; kingdom: Plantae; family: Poaceae; genus: Echinochloa; specificEpithet: haploclada; scientificNameAuthorship: (Stapf) Stapf; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Tanzania +; stateProvince: Mara; county: Serengeti; locality: +Banagi +; verbatimLocality: Riverside, Serengeti National Park, Banagi.; minimumElevationInMeters: 1350; decimalLatitude: +-2.3 +; decimalLongitude: +34.833333 +; Event: eventDate: +1965-03-03 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +K +; collectionCode: +Herbarium +; ownerInstitutionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +K001087222 +; recordNumber: 9839; recordedBy: +Greenway, PJ +; Taxon: scientificName: Echinochloahaploclada (Stapf) Stapf; kingdom: Plantae; family: Poaceae; genus: Echinochloa; specificEpithet: haploclada; scientificNameAuthorship: (Stapf) Stapf; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Tanzania +; stateProvince: Mara; county: Serengeti; locality: +Seronera +; minimumElevationInMeters: 1554; decimalLatitude: +-2.433333 +; decimalLongitude: +34.816667 +; Event: eventDate: +1961-03-17 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +K +; collectionCode: +Herbarium +; ownerInstitutionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +K001087223 +; recordNumber: 5391; recordedBy: +Vesey-FitzGerald, LDEF +; Taxon: scientificName: Echinochloahaploclada (Stapf) Stapf; kingdom: Plantae; family: Poaceae; genus: Echinochloa; specificEpithet: haploclada; scientificNameAuthorship: (Stapf) Stapf; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Tanzania +; stateProvince: Mara; county: Serengeti; locality: +Lobo springs +; verbatimLocality: Serengeti national park.; minimumElevationInMeters: -9999; decimalLatitude: +-2.033333 +; decimalLongitude: +35.216667 +; Event: eventDate: +1967-09-01 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +K +; collectionCode: +Herbarium +; ownerInstitutionCode: K; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +Tropical Africa + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C3/3D/16C33D0D2240E23023FA8B0A11211DAD.xml b/data/16/C3/3D/16C33D0D2240E23023FA8B0A11211DAD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..58fcf60599b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C3/3D/16C33D0D2240E23023FA8B0A11211DAD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + +A taxonomic review of the pericaline ground-beetles in Taiwan, with descriptions of new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini) + + + +Author + +Hunting, Wesley + + + +Author + +Yang, Man-Miao + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +816 + + +1 +164 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.816.29738 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.816.29738 +1313-2970-816-1 +51CEEF2E1E1040A8A6731140426ED5A7 +51CEEF2E1E1040A8A6731140426ED5A7 + + + + +Amphimenes beichatiensis +sp. n. +Figs 6, 7 +A-C +, 8A, 12 + + + +Specific epithet. +The name of this species refers to the locality, Beichatien Mountain (北插天山), where the single specimen was collected. + + +Types and other material examined. + +Holotype (male) labeled +"Holotype" +[circular, ringed with red]; "TAIWAN: Taoyuan Co./Fuxing township,/Beichatien Mountain/24.7906N, 121.4410E"; "hand collecting, night/~1320m,/Acc. Ti-96b /June 17, 2011/Coll. W. M. Hunting"; " NCHU/100698". + + + +Type locality. +Beichatien Mountain (北插天山). + + +Diagnosis. + +This species is distinguished from other Taiwanese +Amphimenes +by a combination of elytra with a black suture in apical half and a disc with randomly scattered punctures on entire dorsal surface of, +/- irregularly shaped in basal half. + + + +Description. +OBL 6.3 mm. Length: head 0.64, pronotum 1.20, elytra 3.50, metepisternum 0.84 mm; width: head 1.12, pronotum 1.56, elytra 2.5, metepisternum 0.52 mm. +Body proportions. HW/HL 1.75; PWM/PL 1.30; EL/EW 1.40; ML/MW 1.62. +Color. Fig. 6. Dorsum of head brunneo-piceous; clypeus and labrum rufo-brunneous; pronotum nearly piceous with margins rufo-brunneous; proepipleuron rufo-brunneous; antennae rufo-brunneous; palpi rufo-brunneous; elytral disc nearly piceous, lateral margins and sutural margin rufo-brunneous, translucent; elytral epipleura rufo-brunneous; thoracic sclerites brunneo-piceous; abdominal sterna brunneo-piceous medially and nearly piceous at lateral margins; legs with trochanter and femora rufo-testaceous, tibia rufo-brunneous to brunneo-piceous. + + +Figure 6. Dorsal habitus and color pattern of +Amphimenes beichatiensis +sp. n.. (OBL 6.30 mm). + + + +Microsculpture. Dorsum of head and pronotum with isodiametric mesh pattern easily visible at 50 +x +magnification; elytra with transverse sculpticells forming elongate mesh, faintly visible at 50 +x +magnification. + +Macrosculpture and pilosity. Elytra randomly scattered punctures on intervals, more or less evenly spaced throughout length, -/+ irregularly shaped in basal half; striae faintly punctate along length. + +Pilosity. Elytra with scattered punctures visible, each bearing a small seta not visible at 50 +x +magnification. + +Luster. Elytra moderately glossy; ventral thoracic sterna and abdominal sterna moderately glossy. +Head. Fig. 8A. Labrum with indentation along apical margin, somewhat bilobed; eyes moderately convex. +Pronotum. Lateral margins narrow; posterio-lateral margins obtuse, almost right-angled; basal lobe present. +Elytra. Humeri broadly rounded; striae moderately impressed; lateral margins somewhat rounded; elytral apices truncate. +Hind wings. Macropterous. +Legs. Meso-tibia with several shallow notches from mid-way to base along ventral surface. + +Male genitalia. Fig. 7 +A-C +. Length 1.60 mm. Phallus with several carina from base (bpc), longer to shorter from center to right of center when viewed ventrally; ventral carina from median of shaft almost to ostium margin; endophallus with small internal endophallic sclerite near apex. + + + +Figure 7. Digital images of male genitalia of +Amphimenes beichatiensis +sp. n.. A right lateral aspect B ventral aspect C left lateral aspect. Legend: bpc basal phallic carina. + + + + +Figure 8. Line drawing and comparison of menta of A +Amphimenes beichatiensis +sp. n. (with tooth) B +Brachichila hypocrita +Chaudoir (without tooth). + + + +Female +genitalia. Female unknown. + + + +Habitat, habits, and seasonal occurrence. +The single specimen was collected from a live tree trunk in a montane mixed secondary forest. It was hand collected one night in June, at an elevation of 1320 meters. + + +Geographical distribution. +Known only from type locality. See Figure 12. This locality was not sampled well or often so it is possible that many more specimens will be collected in the near future. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C3/49/16C349EF38EFB19A8EBE42A45A73BAD8.xml b/data/16/C3/49/16C349EF38EFB19A8EBE42A45A73BAD8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..abae99b4c66 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C3/49/16C349EF38EFB19A8EBE42A45A73BAD8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ + + + +New Formicidae, with notes on some little-known species. + + + +Author + +Clark, J. + +text + + +Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria + + +1930 + +43 + + +2 +25 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/6104/6104.pdf + +journal article +6104 + + + + +Eusphinctus (Nothosphinctus) brunnicornis +, n. sp. (Text-fig. 1, No. 1.) + + + +Worker.-Length, 3-5-4-5 mm. +Yellow. Mandibles and funiculus, except the apical segment, brown. +Shining. Finely and densely punctate throughout. +Hair yellow, short and suberect, longer and more numerous on the apical segments of the gaster. Pubescence very fine, short, particularly on the antennae and legs. +Head one fourth longer than broad, as broad in front as behind, the occipital border concave, the sides feebly convex. Frontal carinae erect, truncate behind. Clypeus very short, with a blunt translucent tooth-like projection at the middle in front. Cheeks not, or very feebly, carinate. No trace of eyes or ocelli. Antennae short and robust, scapes not extending beyond the middle of the head; segments one to ten of the funiculus broad er than long, the apical as long as the four preceding together. Mandibles large and triangular, furnished with twelve to fourteen teeth. Thorax one and three-quarter times longer than broad, without traces of sutures, feebly constricted in the mesonotal region, posterior border of the epinotum feebly margined. Epinotal declivity abrupt, concave below, submarginate on the sides above; there is a blunt, tooth-like projection at each side below. Node as broad as long, slightly broader behind than in front, the anterior border straight, the sides and posterior border feebly convex; in profile as high as long, almost dome shaped; there is a broad, blunt, tooth-like projection on the ventral surface in front. Postpetiole almost one and a half times broader than long, broader behind than in front, the sides feebly convex. There is a deep and wide constriction between each of the segments of the gaster, all the segments broader than long. Pygidium truncate, flattened above, with a row of short, sharp spines on each side. Legs short and stout. + + +Habitat.-Western Australia: Collie (J. Clark). + + + +Near +E. (N.) silaceus Clark +, from which it is readily distinguished by the somewhat shorter thorax, longer node and broader postpetiole, as well as by the colour of the mandibles and antennae. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C3/70/16C370B9B1ECDE4EB9F48136CC07D619.xml b/data/16/C3/70/16C370B9B1ECDE4EB9F48136CC07D619.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cb146a8a2a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C3/70/16C370B9B1ECDE4EB9F48136CC07D619.xml @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ + + + +Studi sulle formiche della fauna Neotropica. + + + +Author + +Emery, C. + +text + + +Bollettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana + + +1896 + +28 + + +33 +107 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3798/3798.pdf + +journal article +3798 + + + + +E. (H.) porcatum +n. sp. + + + + +[[ worker ]] Per la forma del capo allungata e notevolmente ristretta dagli occhi al margine occipitale, come pure pel peduncolo allungato, si avvicina molto all' +E. striatulum Mayr +(1). Ne differisce per la striatura assolutamente e relativamente piu grossolana e piu regulare, col tegumento piu lucido tra i solchi: tra un occhio e l'altro si contano circa 20 rughe, mentre ve ne sono almeno 24 nell' +E. striatum +. La stessa differenza si osserva nelle strie delle altre parti del corpo; quelle del torace si prolungano, quasi senza modificarei, fino all'estremo inferiore del metanoto, il quale manca di qualsiasi vestigio di cresta o carena limitante la faccia declive. Il profilo dorsale del pedunculo forma una linea curva continua e convessa, dal margine anteriore rialzato e tagliente fino al punto dove si ripiega bruscamente alla faccia posteriore (nell' +E. striatulum +, il profilo dorsale del peduncolo e sinuoso, concavo in avanti e il nodo e piu rotondato). Il margine anteriore delle mesopleure e rialzato e tagliente, ma non forma lobo. Colore bruno scuro, quasi piceo, con le mandibole e i membri ferruginei. L. 5 1 / 2 mm. + + + +Alajuela, Costa Rica, un solo esemplare. + + +Nel descrivere queste differenti forme di Holcoponera, come specie distinte, non mi dissimulo che sono fra loro estremamente affini e forse meritano piuttosto di essere considerate come sottospecie o varieta. Il mio materiale e troppo scarso per permettere di giudicare del loro grado di costanza. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C3/8F/16C38F83F2DAAE65FEB4C4C77E4F19E0.xml b/data/16/C3/8F/16C38F83F2DAAE65FEB4C4C77E4F19E0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a87f6756d96 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C3/8F/16C38F83F2DAAE65FEB4C4C77E4F19E0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Die Oribatiden-Arten (Acari) eines suedwestdeutschen Buchenwaldes I. + + + +Author + +Beck, L. + + + +Author + +Woas, S. + +text + + +carolinea + + +1991 + +49 + + +37 +82 + + + + +http://unknown + +journal article +ORI5378 + + + + +Malaconothridae + + + +Vorkommen: Eine Art, + +Malaconothrus gracilis +VAN DER HAMMEN, 1952, +unregelmaessig +und +spaerlich +in der Bodenstreu. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C3/D7/16C3D7B21BAFCD52DF0B1177278DCD73.xml b/data/16/C3/D7/16C3D7B21BAFCD52DF0B1177278DCD73.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..96377ac3415 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C3/D7/16C3D7B21BAFCD52DF0B1177278DCD73.xml @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ + + + +Targeting a portion of central European spider diversity for permanent preservation + + + +Author + +Candek, Klemen + + + +Author + +Gregoric, Matjaz + + + +Author + +Kostanjsek, Rok + + + +Author + +Frick, Holger + + + +Author + +Kropf, Christian + + + +Author + +Kuntner, Matjaz + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +980 +980 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e980 +1314-2828--980 + + + + +Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) + + + +Materials + + +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kuntner, +Candek + +; sex: +1 female +, +1 male +; Location: locationID: SI50; country: +Slovenia +; locality: + +Sp. +Praprece + +; minimumElevationInMeters: 351; maximumElevationInMeters: 351; decimalLatitude: +46.1620 +; decimalLongitude: +14.6933 +; Event: eventDate: +2010-08-03 +/ +2012-05-28 +; habitat: house and surroundings + + +Occurrence: recordedBy: + +Kostanjsek +, +RTSB +2011 + +; sex: +1 female +; Location: locationID: SI68; country: +Slovenia +; locality: + +Sv. Jurij ob +Scavnici + +; minimumElevationInMeters: 235; maximumElevationInMeters: 235; decimalLatitude: +46.5687 +; decimalLongitude: +16.0223 +; Event: eventDate: +2011-07-22 +; habitat: school + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C3/E1/16C3E11A003E562A819B074A25A324F8.xml b/data/16/C3/E1/16C3E11A003E562A819B074A25A324F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1122bb51a33 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C3/E1/16C3E11A003E562A819B074A25A324F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,264 @@ + + + +Megafauna of the German exploration licence area for seafloor massive sulphides along the Central and South East Indian Ridge (Indian Ocean) + + + +Author + +Gerdes, Klaas +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0164-8311 +INES - Integrated Environmental Solutions, Wilhelmshaven, Germany +kgerdes@ines-solutions.eu + + + +Author + +Kihara, Terue Cristina +INES - Integrated Environmental Solutions, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Martinez Arbizu, Pedro +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Kuhn, Thomas +Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany + + + +Author + +Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich +International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica + + + +Author + +Mah, Christopher L +Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America + + + +Author + +Norenburg, Jon L +Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, United States of America + + + +Author + +Linley, Thomas D +Newcastle University, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Shalaeva, Kate +Natural History Museum London, London, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Macpherson, Enrique +Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB), Blanes, Girona, Spain + + + +Author + +Gordon, Dennis +NIWA, Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Stoehr, Sabine +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-7239 +Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden + + + +Author + +Messing, Charles G +Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, United States of America + + + +Author + +Bober, Simon +University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Guggolz, Theresa +University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Christodoulou, Magdalini +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Gebruk, Andrey +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kremenetskaia, Antonina +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Kroh, Andreas +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-8848 +Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria + + + +Author + +Sanamyan, Karen +Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia + + + +Author + +Bolstad, Kathrin +Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hoffman, Leon +Senckenberg am Meer, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany + + + +Author + +Gooday, Andrew J +National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, Southampton, United Kingdom + + + +Author + +Molodtsova, Tina +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7171-6952 +P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, Russia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2021 + +2021-09-28 + + +9 + + +69955 +69955 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e69955 +1314-2828-9-e69955 +3627CBB8E2915973B82E80F917CD11AD + + + + +Munidopsis pallida sp. inc. Alcock, 1894 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. +Occurrence: +recordedBy: +BGR/ GEOMAR +; individualCount: +1 +; lifeStage: +Adult +; behavior: on seafloor; occurrenceStatus: present; preparations: Imaged only; associatedMedia: + +2013-12-13 + +_09-23-30_Sonne_INDEX2013-2_051ROV07_Logo.jpg; +Taxon: +taxonConceptID: Munidopsis pallida sp. inc.; scientificName: Munidopsis pallida; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Malacostraca; order: Decapoda; family: Munidopsidae; genus: Munidopsis; taxonRank: Species; scientificNameAuthorship: Alcock, 1894; +Location: +waterBody: Indian Ocean; stateProvince: +Central Indian Ridge +; locality: +Vent site 2 +; verbatimLocality: Cluster 4; maximumDepthInMeters: 3048; locationRemarks: +FS Sonne Cruise +INDEX2013 Leg 2; geodeticDatum: WGS84; coordinateUncertaintyInMeters: 30; +Identification: +identifiedBy: +Enrique MacPherson +; identificationRemarks: Identified only from imagery; identificationQualifier: sp. inc.; +Event: +eventDate: +2013-12-13 +; eventTime: 9:23:30 am; year: 2013; fieldNumber: INDEX2013-51ROV; +Record Level: +language: en; institutionCode: DZMB; datasetName: INDEX; basisOfRecord: Human Observation + + + + + +Notes + +Fig. +19 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C4/4C/16C44CA1C9241E4B19206A7EEB513B91.xml b/data/16/C4/4C/16C44CA1C9241E4B19206A7EEB513B91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8d92654b670 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C4/4C/16C44CA1C9241E4B19206A7EEB513B91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,118 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Leguminosae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292251 + +book +292251 +10.5281/zenodo.292251 +3-7643-0527-4 + + + +<subSubSection id="94FD95267FCAC75405B5A29F71BAA682" pageId="null" pageNumber="509" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="560A2817165E1680ED787EC93B1E751A" pageId="null" pageNumber="509"> +<taxonomicName id="0AE38A5531268DEB0573074FA89A606B" authority="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Trifolium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="null" pageNumber="509" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spadiceum"> +<pageBreakToken id="35F6C26C24BE165910CF1F6CE2569340" pageId="null" pageNumber="509" start="start">Trifolium</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="9701261B33F3A4829694BB44A5012956" originalValue="spadíceum" pageId="null" pageNumber="509">spadiceum</normalizedToken> +<authorityName id="7B4FDDB3B954172DE73DBA6304CF1984" pageId="null" pageNumber="509">L.</authorityName> +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="5A19594D1B3388B5B71913C28BE9699C" pageId="null" pageNumber="509" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="0C3D28B4A657349E254EB03D1A22E5DC" pageId="null" pageNumber="509">Moor-Klee</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Unterscheidet sich von + +T. badium + +(Nr. 1) durch folgende Merkmale: + +1-2 +jaehrig +; + +Stengel aufrecht, bis 40 cm hoch; + +Bluetenstaende +eifoermig +bis zylindrisch + +, 0,6-2,5 cm lang und 0,9-1,3 cm dick; +Kelchzipfel lang bewimpert +(Wimperhaare ca. 1 mm lang); + +Krone 5-6 mm lang, nach dem +Verbluehen +dunkelbraun bis schwarz + +; Griffel etwa +1/4 +so lang wie die Frucht. - +Bluete +: Sommer. + + +Zytologische Angaben. 2n += +14: +Material unbekannter Herkunft (Karpetschenko aus Tischler 1950). + + +Standort. +Montan und subalpin. Zeitweise nasse, kalkarme +Boeden +. Nasse Wiesen, Moore. + + +Verbreitung. Eurosibirische Pflanze: +Mittel- und +suedeuropaeische +Gebirge, Mittel- und +Suedskandinavien +, Nordosteuropa; Baikalseegebiet. - Im Gebiet: Jura ( +nordostwaerts +bis Berner Jura), Vogesen (Champ du Feu, +Vallee +de +l'Ehn +), +suedlicher +Schwarzwald, Baar, Alpen ( +ostwaerts +bis Unterwallis und Freiburger Alpen; Oberengadin, Vintschgau); nicht +haeufig +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C4/9C/16C49CA1CE6EF20B6EB13B88F5C467BE.xml b/data/16/C4/9C/16C49CA1CE6EF20B6EB13B88F5C467BE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b636befa4d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C4/9C/16C49CA1CE6EF20B6EB13B88F5C467BE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe +Polyrhaphidini Thomson, 1860 + + + + +Polyrhaphitae +J. Thomson, 1860a: 30 [stem: Polyrhaphid-]. Type genus: +Polyrhaphis +Audinet-Serville, 1835. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C5/47/16C547DE7071856986918CCE27DC3461.xml b/data/16/C5/47/16C547DE7071856986918CCE27DC3461.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a8cf57f7552 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C5/47/16C547DE7071856986918CCE27DC3461.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Torymus veronicae Ruschka, 1921 + + + +Notes + +Added by +Graham and Gijswijt (1998) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C5/67/16C567ECBB75ADE541167176084DD85E.xml b/data/16/C5/67/16C567ECBB75ADE541167176084DD85E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..644e4729fe3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C5/67/16C567ECBB75ADE541167176084DD85E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Rhyssella approximator Fabricius, 1793 + + + + +Ichneumon approximator +Fabricius, 1793 + + +Rhyssella approximator +curvipes (Gravenhorst, 1829, +Rhyssa +) + + +Rhyssella approximator +rugicollis (Zetterstedt, 1838, +Tryphon +) + + +bellator +( +Schiodte +, 1839, +Rhyssa +) synonymy by +Horstmann (2004c) + + +Rhyssella approximator +approximatrix (Schulz, 1906, +Rhyssa +) + + +silbernageli +(Kiss, 1926, +Rhyssa +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C5/87/16C587B4309A5E09B48940415C74B751.xml b/data/16/C5/87/16C587B4309A5E09B48940415C74B751.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..24a27502b22 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C5/87/16C587B4309A5E09B48940415C74B751.xml @@ -0,0 +1,183 @@ + + + +Land snail diversity in central China: revision of Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of seven new species + + + +Author + +Wu, Min +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5434-5544 +School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China +minwu1969@aliyun.com + + + +Author + +Shen, Wang +School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China + + + +Author + +Chen, Zhong-Guang +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-3321 +Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, Institute of Life Science and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-03-20 + + +1154 + + +49 +147 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1154.86237 +1313-2970-1154-49 +4E410C2ACC03438F8AC7C5370819DE6C +E4F41DD1A11059DAB4A979F00E85D50F + + + + +Laeocathaica zhengpingliui Wu +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 2A +, 2B +, 37A +, 38 +, 44D +, 47K +, 47L + + + +Type material. + +Holotype +HBUMM05553-spec.1, fma, Hengdan, Wenxian, Gansu Province; north side of Baishuijiang River, along 212 Guodao, near point ( +32.864025°N +, +104.859517°E +); hillside, bushes; 2006-IX-29; coll. Wu, M., Liu, J.-M., Zheng, W. and Gao, L.-H.; DNA voucher HBUMM05527. +Paratypes +HBUMM05553-spec.2-49, 49 shells including 3 fms (1 broken), 15 juvs and 41 fma, same data as holotype. Ten shells randomly selected from 43 fully mature shells were measured. 2 fma dissected (anatomy no. sp2). HBUMM05565b, 1 fms without protoconch, 9 juvs; Hengdan, Wenxian, Gansu Province; north side of Baishuijiang River, along 212 Guodao, top of hill; 2006-IX-29, Wu, M., Liu, J.-M., Zheng, W. and Gao, L.-H. HBUMM05576c, 1 fma with partially broken shell, dissected; same data as HBUMM05565b. + + + +Figure 37. +A + +Laeocathaica zhengpingliui + +Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM05553-spec.1, holotype +B + +L. cheni + +Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM05553b-spec.1, holotype +C + +L. qingchuanensis + +Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM01179a-spec.1, holotype +D + +L. nordsiecki + +Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM08446-spec.1, holotype. + + + + +Measurement of holotype. +Shell height 10.0 mm, maximum diameter 19.6 mm, aperture height 5.6 mm, aperture breadth 7.5 mm, umbilicus diameter 7.0 mm, protoconch whorls 15/8, whorls 91/4. + + +Figure 38. +Genital anatomy of + +Laeocathaica zhengpingliui + +Wu, sp. nov., HBUMM05553-spec.1, holotype +A +general view +B +right view of dart apparatus +C +cross-section of dart sac at the position arrowed in ( +A +). Abbreviations: AS - accessory sac; At - atrium; BCD - bursa copulatrix duct; DS - dart sac; DtC - a chamber containing love dart; Ep - epiphallus; FO - free oviduct; MG - mucous glands; P - penis; PAS - proximal accessory sac; PR - penial retractor muscle; PS - penial sheath; Va - vagina; VD - vas deferens. + + + + +Diagnosis. +Protoconch without granules. Umbilicus more than 1/3 maximum diameter, through which protoconch is visible. Beneath carina a chestnut band present. Palatal with two blunt teeth. Mucous glands six. Proximal 4/5 of penis with ~ 6 thick internal pilasters. Two adjacent pairs of penial pilasters fusing into two Y-shaped forks at distal 2/3 of penis. Vagina between atrium and dart sac moderately elongated. Proximal accessory sacs two, separate, symmetrical, each with a pore leading to opening of accessory sac. + + +Description of shell. +Sinistral, depressed, thin but somewhat solid. Shell with 85/8-91/4 fairly flat whorls. Suture impressed. Protoconch 11/2-13/4 whorls, with very fine axial striae which may be invisible on the first whorl possibly by weathering or erosion. Growth lines thick or rib-like above but fine beneath carina. Above periphery a sharp whitish carina present. Aperture oblique, peach-shaped, slightly descending in front. On ring-like thickening within aperture, a blunt tooth present near columella and another one near carina. Peristome almost not expanded, just minutely reflexed at lower part. Columella oblique. Umbilicus with a tint of pale brown, broadly conical, more than 1/3 of maximum diameter. Protoconch visible through umbilicus. Whorls apically in yellowish white with intermittent brownish patches. In umbilical view shell yellowish white with several brownish patches, and just beneath carina a chestnut band present. + + +General anatomy. +Eversible head wart lowly present. At mantle edge leaf-shaped appendage absent. On internal body wall of head region between ommatophorous insertions with neither glands nor tiny pits. Body greyish brown, central dorsum with pale longitudinal stripes. Sole dirty white. Jaw arcuate, with ~ 6 more or less projecting ribs. + + +Anatomy of genital organs. +Penial sheath very short. Penis distally slightly expanded, externally simple. Penis of proximal 4/5 internally with ~ 6 thick longitudinal pilasters, two adjacent pairs of which fuse into two Y-shaped forks at distal 2/3; pilasters then branching into fine pilasters that are connected to form network. Epiphallic papilla absent. Vas deferens narrow throughout. Vagina between atrium and dart sac somewhat elongated. Accessory sac spherical, empty, inserting into dart sac at middle part, opening near the opening of dart chamber. Mucous glands six, each a single tube or simply branched. Proximal accessory sacs two, separate, symmetrical, each with a pore leading to opening of accessory sac/dart chamber. Love dart ~ 5 mm long, rounded and bladeless throughout. Bursa copulatrix duct equally narrow. + + +Etymology. +This new species is named after Mr. Liu, Zheng-Ping [刘正平], an amateur Chinese conchologist. + + +Ecology. +This species is found on exposed slate rocks of hill side. + + +Distribution. +This species is only known from the type locality. + + +Remarks. + +The new species is conchologically close to + +Laeocathaica odophora + +; however, its carina is blunter, the aperture has only two weak teeth near the columella instead of two strong apertural teeth in the latter species, and the umbilicus is significantly broader. Regarding genitalia, the new species has two separated proximal accessory sacs of equal size, while in + +Laeocathaica odophora + +two proximal accessory sacs are ventrally adjacent and separated only by a very thin membrane, and the much smaller right proximal accessory sac makes + +L. odophora + +have an asymmetrical dart sac. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C5/8D/16C58DCFBB25EDC9550C86B24EB72FC5.xml b/data/16/C5/8D/16C58DCFBB25EDC9550C86B24EB72FC5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..02652b32fe2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C5/8D/16C58DCFBB25EDC9550C86B24EB72FC5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +252 +342 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Aspalathus capitata +Linnaeus + +, + +Plantae Rariores Africanae + +: 14. 1760 + + +. + + + +["Habitat ad Cap. b. spei."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 2: 1000 (1763). RCN: 5216. + + +Type not designated. + + + +Original material: Herb. Burman (3 sheets?) (G); + +Herb. Linn. No. 893.5 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Aspalathus capitata + +L. + +( +Fabaceae +: +Faboideae +). + + + + +Note: +Dahlgren (in +Opera Bot. +11(1): 30. 1966) designated a specimen in S (Herb. Linn. No. 295.7) as +lectotype +but it is unannotated by Linnaeus and is not original material for the name. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C5/FE/16C5FEC24052EE115FFF0F8577094ABE.xml b/data/16/C5/FE/16C5FEC24052EE115FFF0F8577094ABE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1fbd6d2ff15 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C5/FE/16C5FEC24052EE115FFF0F8577094ABE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Asteraceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +1074 +1250 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Achillea nobilis +L. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: +15-50 cm +hoch, verzweigt oder unverzweigt, wollig bis filzig behaart, aromatisch. +Blaetter +2-3fach fiederschnittig, +im Umriss 2-3mal so lang wie breit +, jederseits mit 5-15 +groesseren +Abschnitten, +dazwischen mit kleinen Zipfeln +. +Koepfe +sehr zahlreich (meist +ueber +50), Durchmesser nur +4-5 mm +, +Huelle +2-3,5 mm +lang, mit 4-6 +Zungenblueten +. +Fruechte +ca. +1 mm +lang, ohne Pappus. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 6-8 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Trockenwarme +Huegel +, Felsensteppen / kollin-montan / VS, vereinzelt J + + + + +Verbreitung global: +Suedeuropaeisch-westasiatisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +trocken +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffarm + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +kontinental (sehr niedrige Luftfeuchtigkeit, sehr grosse Temperaturschwankungen, kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Edle Schafgarbe +Nom +francais +: + +Achillee +noble + +Nome italiano: +Millefoglio nobile + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C6/60/16C660FEFE4A5D909B7ADE954D15E0B3.xml b/data/16/C6/60/16C660FEFE4A5D909B7ADE954D15E0B3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a8a202b4167 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C6/60/16C660FEFE4A5D909B7ADE954D15E0B3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +Diversity pattern of insects from Macao based on an updated species checklist after 25 years + + + +Author + +Xian, Chunlan +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Leong, Chi Man +Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Beijing normal university - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, China & Macao Entomological Society, Estrada Coronel Nicolau de Mesquita, Macao SAR, China + + + +Author + +Luo, Jiuyang +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2748-9534 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Jia, Fenglong +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China + + + +Author + +Han, Hongxiang +Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China +hanhx@ioz.ac.cn + + + +Author + +Xie, Qiang +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-8808 +School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China +xieq8@mail.sysu.edu.cn + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-04-05 + + +12 + + +118110 +118110 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e118110 +1314-2828-12-e118110 +57B0CE31B4055266A115FC1275D70C79 + + + + +Chaetarthria saundersi Orchymont, 1923 + + + +Notes + +Jia et al. (2018) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C6/B5/16C6B5C983DE4A6B17F55CA884B92A20.xml b/data/16/C6/B5/16C6B5C983DE4A6B17F55CA884B92A20.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6556a42a37b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C6/B5/16C6B5C983DE4A6B17F55CA884B92A20.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 2. Nymphaceae bis Primulaceae (2 nd edition) (p. 956): Umbelliferae + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1976 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.292251 + +book +292251 +10.5281/zenodo.292251 +3-7643-0527-4 + + + +<subSubSection id="4CDE1EF0672379548D0A47DC3D4D9A8C" pageId="null" pageNumber="870" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="40B89FA7218836F95D47B49DE9B370DE" pageId="null" pageNumber="870"> +<taxonomicName id="BDF3B9BD5A4E518A86240DBEDD16C988" authority="Hoffm." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bifora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="870" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus"> +<pageBreakToken id="B49E4E7D10170A7897A968793E90496B" pageId="null" pageNumber="870" start="start">Bifora</pageBreakToken> +Hoffm. +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="5E08657CCEF15591D3A1B546816A2153" pageId="null" pageNumber="870" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="F6ABA9AE56BA2F20F1C42ACD881E182E" pageId="null" pageNumber="870">Hohlsame</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Unterscheidet sich von der Gattung + +Coriandrum + +(S. 868) durch folgende Merkmale: +Kelch undeutlich +, + +ohne +Zaehne + +(wo nichts anderes vermerkt ist, besitzt der Kelch immer +Zaehne +; an diesem Merkmal zur +Bluetezeit +von + +Coriandrum + +einfach zu unterscheiden); + +jede Teilfrucht kugelig und die beiden +Teilfruechte +durch eine kleine +Fugenflaeche +miteinander verbunden, Frucht deshalb etwa 2mal so breit wie lang, nie mit Rippen. + + + +Die Gattung + +Bifora +umfasst +4 Arten; 3 davon sind in den Subtropen der Alten Welt verbreitet, 1 Art in Texas. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+1. Dolden 1. Ordnung mit 4-7 Dolden 2. Ordnung; +Oberflaeche +der Frucht fast glatt, mit undeutlich buckligen Erhebungen (10fache +Vergroesserung +!); Griffel 1,5-2 mm lang + + +B. radians + +(Nr. 1) +
+1*. Dolden 1. Ordnung mit 2-3 Dolden 2. Ordnung; +Oberflaeche +der Frucht mit deutlichen, oft scharfkantigen, +unregelmaessigen +und gebogenen, netzartigen Leisten (10fache +Vergroesserung +!); Griffel ca. 0,5 mm lang + + +B. testiculata + +(Nr. 2) +
+ + + + +<normalizedToken id="E4C56219CB481EF84FB441603F01E2C8" originalValue="Schlüssel" pageId="null" pageNumber="870">Schluessel</normalizedToken> +zur Gattung +<taxonomicName id="D49C8B68A8212A3F7205DDFB770F875A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Bifora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="870" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bifora</taxonomicName> + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C7/45/16C745CF9B4CD6BD69B78B18F26EF32E.xml b/data/16/C7/45/16C745CF9B4CD6BD69B78B18F26EF32E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ecc5d2242c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C7/45/16C745CF9B4CD6BD69B78B18F26EF32E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Texas spiders + + + +Author + +Dean, David Allen +Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America +a-dean-ento@tamu.edu + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-03-02 + + +570 + + +1 +703 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095 +1313-2970-570-1 +CE0DA439F6F64DCF82255700A3C50098 +E376FF8EFFF1F22C326D1E0DFF8BFFDF +579094 + + + + +Pelegrina flavipes (Peckham & Peckham, 1888) + + + + +Pelegrina flavipes + +Paquin and +Duperre +2003 + +: 198 [new name] + + +Pelegrina flavipedes +Maddison, 1996 [ +Maddison 1996 +: 278 (figs 142-143, 201, 241, 319-323, 338-339)] + + + +Distribution. +Archer, Bandera, Fannin, Wichita + + +Locality. +Lost Maples State Park + + +Time of activity. +Female (March) + + +Type. +Canada + + +Etymology. +Latin, yellow legs + + +Collection. +MSU, TAMU + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C7/7C/16C77CFC9BB757CCA45ECF462EBA86B7.xml b/data/16/C7/7C/16C77CFC9BB757CCA45ECF462EBA86B7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7b4d1b4690e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C7/7C/16C77CFC9BB757CCA45ECF462EBA86B7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,87 @@ + + + +New records of Sabethini (Diptera: Culicidae) from Colombia + + + +Author + +Naranjo-Diaz, Nelson +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-2859 +Grupo de Investigacion en Sistematica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellin, Calle 59 A 63 - 20. Bloque 16, Laboratorio 102, Medellin, Colombia +jezzid4@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Suaza-Vasco, Juan +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3810-617X +Grupo de Investigacion en Sistematica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellin, Calle 59 A 63 - 20. Bloque 16, Laboratorio 102, Medellin, Colombia + + + +Author + +Pineda-Angel, Jacobo +Grupo de Investigacion en Sistematica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellin, Calle 59 A 63 - 20. Bloque 16, Laboratorio 102, Medellin, Colombia + + + +Author + +Uribe, Sandra +Grupo de Investigacion en Sistematica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellin, Calle 59 A 63 - 20. Bloque 16, Laboratorio 102, Medellin, Colombia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2022 + +2022-02-03 + + +10 + + +68413 +68413 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e68413 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e68413 +1314-2828-10-e68413 +CB4E97216A6B539DB93D6AD4992C8FD3 + + + + +Trichoprosopon lanei (Antunes, 1937) + + + +Distribution +Meta: Restrepo [Apure-Villavicencio Dry Forests]. + + +Notes + +Reported by +Barreto-Reyes (1955) +, +Stone et al. (1959) +, +Marchon-Silva et al. (1996) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C7/BB/16C7BBAA67555128929BD57F238DAD71.xml b/data/16/C7/BB/16C7BBAA67555128929BD57F238DAD71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..91ad8217c6a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C7/BB/16C7BBAA67555128929BD57F238DAD71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,85 @@ + + + +Distribution patterns of Chinese Cixiidae (Hemiptera, Fulgoroidea), highlight their high endemic diversity + + + +Author + +Luo, Yang +Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, Yangling, China + + + +Author + +Bourgoin, Thierry +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9277-2478 +Institut de Systematique, Evolution, Biodiversite, ISYEB-UMR 7205, MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Universite-EPHE-Univ. Antilles, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, CP 50, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75005, Paris, France +thierry.bourgoin@mnhn.fr + + + +Author + +Zhang, Jia-Lin +Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, Yangling, China + + + +Author + +Feng, Ji-Nian +Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China, Yangling, China +jinianf@nwsuaf.edu.cn + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2022 + +2022-01-24 + + +10 + + +75303 +75303 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e75303 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.10.e75303 +1314-2828-10-e75303 +07802C19F192544C9F561556F25CA5C4 + + + + +Myndus kotoshonis Matsumura, 1940 + + + + +Myndus kotoshonis +Matsumura, 1940: 45.| Tsaur et al., 1991a: 74. + + + +Distribution + +China: Taiwan ( +Tsaur et al. 1991a +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C7/F7/16C7F7B76AD7B1D9EE4ED4CF3C4D6307.xml b/data/16/C7/F7/16C7F7B76AD7B1D9EE4ED4CF3C4D6307.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b845a8ca5a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C7/F7/16C7F7B76AD7B1D9EE4ED4CF3C4D6307.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part P) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +718 +782 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Pyrus malus +Linnaeus var. +epirotica +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 480. 1753 + + +. + + + +RCN: 3662. + + + +Neotype +(Mabberley & al. in +Telopea +9: 423. 2001): [icon] + +"Api" + +in Hogg, Herefordshire Pomona: t. 74, f. 2. 1884 (see pp. 22, 23). + + + + +Current name: + +Malus pumila +Mill. + + +'Pomme +d'Api' + +( +Rosaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C8/3B/16C83B36796EEEDEC0F21AF4FBE3B7DC.xml b/data/16/C8/3B/16C83B36796EEEDEC0F21AF4FBE3B7DC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e50e73171b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C8/3B/16C83B36796EEEDEC0F21AF4FBE3B7DC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Alomya debellator (Fabricius, 1775) + + + + +Ichneumon debellator +Fabricius, 1775 + + +fischeri +(Schrank, 1776, +Ichneumon +) + + +trituberculata +(Gmelin, 1790, +Ichneumon +) + + +ovator +(Fabricius, 1793, +Ichneumon +) + + +victor +Curtis, 1826 + + +nigra +Gravenhorst, 1829 + + +debellatrix +Schulz, 1906 + + +victrix +Schulz, 1906 + + +silvicola +Ulbricht, 1909 unavailable + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Ireland, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C8/3E/16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0.xml b/data/16/C8/3E/16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f50c4a49fa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C8/3E/16C83EC5647E5FF09F72EC256DB4FFB0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + +A revision of the Neotropical genus Coptoborus Hopkins (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae, Xyleborini) + + + +Author + +Smith, Sarah M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5173-3736 +Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA +camptocerus@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Cognato, Anthony I. +Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-06-16 + + +1044 + + +609 +720 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.144.62246 +1313-2970-1044-609 +66F01A49D32448A8AC2669BF3374894C +C96ED07B505A52A8ADA354E1F70BB7C0 + + + + +Coptoborus Hopkins, 1915 + + + +Type species. + + +Xyleborus vespatorius + +Schedl, 1931; original designation. + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Coptoborus + +is distinguished from all other +Xyleborini +genera by the following combination of characters: antennal funicle four-segmented, antennal club type 3, 4 or 2 (typically type 3) with two (rarely three) arcuate sutures visible on the posterior face, club round or longer than wide, posterior face of the protibiae flat and unarmed, both elytral discal striae and interstriae uniseriate punctate, anterior margin of pronotum typically weakly produced with a row of serrations, pronotal disc alutaceous, procoxae contiguous, scutellum small, flush with elytral surface and mycangial tufts absent. + + + +Coptoborus + +is very similar to + +Euwallacea + +Hopkins, 1915, and like + +Euwallacea + +, is diagnosed by a combination of homoplastic characters ( +Smith et al. 2019a +, +2020 +). Both genera have the posterior face of the antennal club with 2 or 3 arcuate sutures near the apex. + +Euwallacea + +species typically have a subquadrate or quadrate pronotum (types 3, 4, 8) but some species do have rounded anterior margins like + +Coptoborus + +(types 2, 7). All + +Coptoborus + +have rounded anterior margins of the pronotum (types 7, 2, 1 or 9) (except + +C. obtusicornis + +(type b) which is conspicuously elongate and acuminate frontally), and most have the median area of the pronotum weakly produced and bearing a row of serrations, usually 2-6. + +Euwallacea + +species with rounded anterior margins of the pronotum always lack serrations, have semi-circular protibiae with evenly rounded outer edge (except obliquely triangular in + +E. luctuosus + +(Eggers, 1939)) and a posterolateral costa that extends to at interstriae 7 (except inconspicuous, short in + +E. luctuous + +). + + + +Revised description. + +Female. +Length 1.4-3.6 mm and 2.1-4.3 +x +as long as wide. Body nearly glabrous to densely setose; color variable, light to dark brown, red brown to nearly black; legs and antennae yellow brown to red brown. Appearing very stout to slender, elytra rather variable, appearing round, attenuate, or acuminate. Mycangial tufts absent. + + + +Head +: + +Epistoma entire, transverse, lined with a row of hair-like setae. Frons slightly convex from epistoma to upper level of eyes; surface shagreened, dull, reticulate; punctures small, fine, shallow. Eyes broadly or narrowly emarginate above level of antennal insertion, upper portion of eyes smaller than lower part. Submentum slightly or deeply impressed below genae, narrowly or broadly triangular. Scape short and thick or long and thick, about as long as club. Antennal funicle four-segmented, segments equal in size. Pedicle shorter than funicle or as long as funicle. Club variable, either obliquely truncate, type 2, approximately circular, segment 1 corneous, transverse or weakly convex on anterior face, nearly covering all of posterior face; segment 2 slightly procurved, corneous, visible on anterior and posterior faces of club or club flattened, types 3 or 4 (rarely obliquely truncate and type 2), approximately circular or longer than wide, segment 1 corneous, transverse or sinuate on anterior face, with segments 1, 2, and rarely 3 visible on posterior face. +Pronotum +: 0.8-1.75 +x +as long as wide. Pronotum from lateral view typically elongate with disc as long or slightly longer than anterior slope (type 7), taller than basic (type 2), or round (type 1), rarely basic (type 0) or elongate with disc much longer than anterior slope (type 8). In dorsal view typically rounded frontally and long (type 7), basic and parallel-sided (type 2), rarely rounded (type 1) or rounded frontally and very long (type 9) or conspicuously elongate and angulate frontally (type b), anterior margin of pronotum typically weakly produced with a row of 2-6 serrations. Surface alutaceous, anterior slope finely asperate, asperities close, arranged in concentric rings from midpoint of pronotum to anterior and anterolateral areas; disc finely and evenly punctate. Lateral margins variable, obliquely costate, carinate on basal third or along entire length. Posterior angles acutely rounded. Base transverse. +Elytra +: 1.2-2.5 +x +as long as wide. Elytral base transverse, margin oblique; humeral angles rounded. Scutellum small to minute, triangular or linguiform, flat, flush with elytra. Elytral shape quite variable, sides straight between basal 42-88%. Disc convex, longer than declivity, rarely as long as declivity. Disc smooth, shiny, finely punctate; striae not impressed, interstrial punctures seriate, or confused (rare). Declivity variable. Posterolateral margin of declivity typically with interstriae 3 and 9 joining, forming a carina and continuing submarginally to apex, but may also be costa, or carinate from suture to interstriae 2, 7, or 8. +Legs +: Procoxae contiguous. Protibiae obliquely triangular, broadest at apical third, or distinctly triangular, or with evenly rounded outer margin, posterior face flat, unarmed; 5-8 denticles present on outer margin. Meso- and metatibiae obliquely triangular, flattened, posterior face unarmed with 6-12 and 6-11 denticles, respectively. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C8/8A/16C88AA8E00961244257B7F30556D9F3.xml b/data/16/C8/8A/16C88AA8E00961244257B7F30556D9F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a63b4973b63 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C8/8A/16C88AA8E00961244257B7F30556D9F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ + + + +Additions to the knowledge of the land snails of Sabah (Malaysia, Borneo), including 48 new species + + + +Author + +Vermeulen, Jaap J. + + + +Author + +Liew, Thor-Seng + + + +Author + +Schilthuizen, Menno + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2015 + +531 + + +1 +139 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.531.6097 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.531.6097 +1313-2970-531-1 +C845838EC9124BD8AB4E07980F91959E + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Stylommatophora Endodontidae + + + +Philalanka moluensis (E.A. Smith, 1893) +Figure 44 + + + + + +Sitala +moluensis + +E.A. Smith, 1893: 343. +Philalanka moluensis +(E.A. Smith). +Schilthuizen et al., 2002 +: 356-257; +Schilthuizen and Vermeulen 2003 +: 96; +Schilthuizen 2004 +: 94; +Clements et al. 2008 +: 2762. Type from Malaysia, Sarawak, Mulu area). + + +Sitala inaequisculpta +E.A. Smith, 1895: 112. Type from Malaysia, Sarawak, Mount Rabong). + + + +Examined material from Sabah. + +Interior Province. Upper Padas valley, Matang River South of Long Pasia (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 9812). Crocker Range N.P., Kalang Waterfalls (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 1178); Crocker Range N.P., Gua Laing c. 12 km North of Keningau (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 1110, V 1124); West of the km 10 marker on the road Tambunan-Ranau, Mahua Waterfall (leg. J.J. Vermeulen & M. Schilthuizen, V 9728). Gunung Trusmadi slopes, Gua Loloposon (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 13232). Pinangah valley, Batu Urun (= Bukit Sinobang) (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 8001, V 1166, V 1167, BOR/MOL 782; leg. M. Schilthuizen, BOR/MOL 773); Batu Punggul (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 1986; leg. M. Schilthuizen, BOR/MOL 778); Batu Temurung (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 8047, BOR/MOL 781; leg. M. Schilthuizen, BOR/MOL 777); Bukit Tinahas, East end of Batu Punggul limestone (leg. J.J. Vermeulen & M. Schilthuizen, V 7631); Gua Pungiton (leg. J.J. Vermeulen & M. Schilthuizen, V 7558, BOR/MOL 770); Gua Sanaron (leg. J.J. Vermeulen & M. Schilthuizen, V 7668; leg. M. Schilthuizen, BOR/MOL 3619, BOR/MOL 775). Sandakan Province. Kinabatangan valley, Gomantong Hill 30 km South of Sandakan (leg. J.J. Vermeulen & H. Duistermaat, V 1617). Tawau Province. Batu Baturong c. 50 km W.S.W. of Lahad Datu (leg. J.J. Vermeulen & H. Duistermaat, V 1858); North slope (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 7595). Segama valley, +'Kirk's +Cave' +8 km North of Lahad Datu (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 1219), West Coast Province. Kinabalu N.P., Poring Hot Springs, along path to waterfall (leg. J.J. Vermeulen, V 13009). + + + +Figure 44-46. 44 +Philalanka moluensis +(E.A. Smith, 1893). 44A Frontal view, shell 2.3 mm high 44B Umbilical view (Malaysia, Sabah, Interior Province, Sepulut valley, Gua Pungiton, V 7558) 45 +Philalanka obscura +sp. n. 45A Frontal view, shell 2.1 mm high 45B Umbilical view (Indonesia, Kalimantan Timur, Sangkulirang Peninsula, Meweding Cave near village Tabalar Ulu (RMNH.5003939, holotype) 46 +Philalanka thienemanni +B. Rensch, 1932 46A Frontal view, shell 2.7 mm high 46B Umbilical view (Indonesia, Java, Bremi, V 4019). + + + + +Description. + +Shell very small, rather thin, more or less opaque, brown, very rarely yellowish, conical with approx. flat or slightly convex sides; apex rounded. Surface about dull or with a silky luster above the periphery, glossy below. Whorls convex, approx. rounded. Protoconch whorls convex; sculpture: 9-12 inconspicuous to distinct, very fine, thin spiral threads; radial sculpture absent or some subordinate wrinkles. Teleoconch: Last whorl with a distinct spiral thread coinciding with the suture of the penultimate whorl, above this 2-4 slightly less distinct threads with a very fine (just visible at 40 times magnification) spiral striation in between, particularly towards the periphery; below the periphery up to 4 fine spiral threads close to it, with very fine +spiral +striation in between. Radial sculpture: densely placed, very fine (just visible at 40 times magnification), narrow riblets that may be inconspicuous locally. Umbilicus open, narrow. Dimensions: Height up to 2.9 mm; width up to 2.8 mm; diameters of the first four whorls 0.55-0.65 mm, 0.9-1.1 mm, 1.35-1.55 mm, 1.9-2.1 mm respectively; number of whorls up to 5 7/8; height aperture up to 1.2 mm; width aperture up to 1.6 mm. + + + +Habitat in Sabah and distribution. +Primary and secondary forest on limestone and sandstone soil, up to 1100 m alt. Sabah: West part; scattered localities along East coast. Also in Sarawak. Endemic to Borneo. + + +Cross diagnosis. + +Resembles +Kaliella microconus +(Mousson), which also occurs in Sabah, but it has much coarser and less regularly spaced spiral threads, and more convex whorls. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C8/CD/16C8CDFD87A9F73F23CE08A84A371700.xml b/data/16/C8/CD/16C8CDFD87A9F73F23CE08A84A371700.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..302af20014f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C8/CD/16C8CDFD87A9F73F23CE08A84A371700.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Polyblastus (Labroctonus) melanostigmus Holmgren, 1857 + + + + +grammicus +Holmgren, 1857 + + +lucidus +Brischke, 1892 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C8/DD/16C8DD1F36C451F1A3F9665B38E359B0.xml b/data/16/C8/DD/16C8DD1F36C451F1A3F9665B38E359B0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f13dc87879c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C8/DD/16C8DD1F36C451F1A3F9665B38E359B0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,244 @@ + + + +Neotropical Nilothauma Kieffer, 1921 (Diptera, Chironomidae): Key, eleven new species, re-descriptions, new combination and new records + + + +Author + +Pinho, Luiz Carlos +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9153-9997 +Laboratory of Systematics of Diptera, Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040 - 900, Florianopolis, Brazil +luizcarlospinho@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Andersen, Trond +Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7800, NO- 5020, Bergen, Norway + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-04-22 + + +1033 + + +81 +125 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1033.60686 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1033.60686 +1313-2970-1033-81 +BEFB015F4A354987AD10DFEB7D4F91DD +2E6467D3D0025F778A77798A4072BCB5 + + + + +Nilothauma zitoi Mendes & Andersen, 2009 +Figure 16D + + + +Additional material. + + +1 male +, slide-mounted: +Brazil +, +Mato Grosso +, + +Ribeirao +Cascalheira + +, +Fazenda Campina Verde +, + +Rio +Suia +Micu + +, +12°48.591'S +, +52°06.925'W +, +10.x.2007 +, +light trap +, +L.C. Pinho +, +S. Mateus +, +L. Torati +& +F.R. Silva +leg. + + + + +Figure 16. +Distribution maps of Neotropical + +Nilothauma + +species +A + +N. hamadae + +sp. nov., + +N. jupau + +sp. nov., + +N. terena + +sp. nov., + +N. yekwana + +sp. nov., + +N. complicatum + +Mendes & Andersen, 2009 +B + +N. leccii + +sp. nov., + +N. marianoi + +sp. nov., + +N. mateusi + +sp. nov., + +N. txukuyana + +sp. nov., + +N. maya + +sp. nov. +C + +N. karitiana + +sp. nov., + +N. duena + +Roback, 1960, + +N. calori + +Mendes & Andersen, 2009 +D + +N. werekena + +sp. nov., + +N. zitoi + +Mendes & Andersen, 2009, + +N. strebulosum + +(Adam & +Saether +, 2000). + + + + +Distribution + + +(Fig. +16D +). + +The species was originally described by +Mendes and Andersen (2009) +, based on a single male from +Sao +Paulo State; the range is now extended to the Mato Grosso State. + + + +Figure 17. +Distribution maps of Neotropical + +Nilothauma + +species +A + +N. fittkaui + +(Soponis, 1987), + +N. amazonense + +Mendes & Andersen, 2009 +B + +N. aripuanense + +Mendes & Andersen, 2009, + +N +Nilothauma aleta + +Roback, 1960 +C + +N. reissi + +(Soponis, 1987), + +N. soka + +Andersen, +Bello-Gonzalez +& Hagenlund, 2016 +D + +N. anamariae + +Dantas & Hamada, 2017, + +N. jaraguaense + +Mendes & Andersen, 2009. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C9/AF/16C9AF29E81C85E48A3B3B217F410D7A.xml b/data/16/C9/AF/16C9AF29E81C85E48A3B3B217F410D7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1465861e3f8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C9/AF/16C9AF29E81C85E48A3B3B217F410D7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,411 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Solanaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/solanaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Nicandra physalodes +(L.) Gaertn. + + + + + +Giftbeere + + + + +Art ISFS: 270900 Checklist: 1030250 +Solanaceae +Nicandra +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +30-100 cm +hoch, verzweigt, +/- kahl. + +Blaetter +eifoermig +, buchtig +gezaehnt + +, gestielt. +Blueten +einzeln auf +abwaerts +gebogenen Stielen. +Krone blauviolett mit heller Mitte +, weit +trichterfoermig +, mit 5teiligem ausgebreitetem Saum, Durchmesser +2-4 cm +. + +Kelch scharf 5kantig, am Grund mit 5 +rueckwaerts +gerichteten Zipfeln, zur Fruchtzeit stark aufgeblasen, eine +/- saftlose, braune Beere umschliessend + +. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 7-10 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Schuttplaetze +, als Zierpflanze kultiviert und gelegentlich verwildert / kollin / BA, SG (Rheintal), TI u.a. + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Stammt aus Peru + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +334-453.t.2n=20 + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Therophyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +7.1.4 - +Einjaehrige +Ruderalflur ( + +Sisymbrion + +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +sehr warm-kollin (nur an +waermsten +Stellen, Hauptverbreitung in +Suedeuropa +) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K + +subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, +maessige +Temperaturschwankungen und +maessig +tiefe Wintertemperaturen) +
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Nicandra physalodes +(L.) Gaertn. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Giftbeere +Nom +francais +: +Nicandre coqueret +Nome italiano: + +Nicandra + + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Checklist 2017 + +270900
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +1548
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +1517
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +1517
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +270900
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +Landolt 1977 + +2577
= +Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +270900
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500) + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/C9/F9/16C9F990F1F403015FB603AF5638E744.xml b/data/16/C9/F9/16C9F990F1F403015FB603AF5638E744.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..89aa25c76c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/C9/F9/16C9F990F1F403015FB603AF5638E744.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gkelis, Spyros + + + +Author + +Ourailidis, Iordanis + + + +Author + +Panou, Manthos + + + +Author + +Pappas, Nikos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10084 +10084 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 +1314-2828-4-10084 + + + + +Hyella inconstans Al-Thukair & Golubic 1991 + + + + +Hyella inconstans + + + +Notes + +Pantazidou et al. 2006 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CA/9C/16CA9CE1D745575C85919DFB86C165F8.xml b/data/16/CA/9C/16CA9CE1D745575C85919DFB86C165F8.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6e580bfeff0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CA/9C/16CA9CE1D745575C85919DFB86C165F8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,516 @@ + + + +Three new species and one subspecies of the Amynthas corticis - group from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) + + + +Author + +Dong, Yan + + + +Author + +Law, Michelle Man Suet + + + +Author + +Jiang, Jibao B. + + + +Author + +Qiu, Jiangping P. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +884 + + +23 +42 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.884.30988 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.884.30988 +1313-2970-884-23 +F1B4B6A8288C4CE9AFEF7DE08DBE9CC0 +6251848C807E5E0896A9C39CC22ECD19 + + + + +Amynthas tortuosus Qiu & Dong +sp. nov. +Figure 3 +, Table 3 + + + +Material. + +Holotype +: 1 clitellate (C-GX201306-06A): China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shiwan Mountain Nature Reserve ( +21.84739°N +, +107.88989°E +), 553 m asl, black soil besides road, 13 May 2013, JP Qiu, Y Hong, JB Jiang, LL Zhang, Y Dong legit. +Paratypes +: 7 clitellates: 2 clitellates (C-GX201306-06B): same data as for holotype. 1 clitellate (C-GX201301-09): China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shiwan Mountain Nature Reserve ( +21.48588°N +, +107.57018°E +), 130 m asl, black sandy soil at riverside, 11 May 2013, JP Qiu, Y Hong, JB Jiang, LL Zhang, Y Dong legit. 4 clitellates (C-GX201305-07): China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Shiwan Mountain Nature Reserve ( +21.50396°N +, +107.53350°E +), 494 m asl, black sandy soil besides road, 13 May 2013, JP Qiu, Y Hong, JB Jiang, LL Zhang, Y Dong legit. + + + +Figure 3. +A +Ventral view showing spermathecal pores, female pores and male pores of + +Amynthas tortuosus + +sp. nov. +B +spermathecae of + +Amynthas tortuosus + +sp. nov. +C +illustration of the details of the male pore region. + + + + +Table 3. +A comparison of characters of + +A. tortuosus + +sp. nov., + +A. carnosus + +, + +A. corticis + +, + +A. homosetus + +, + +A. exiguus aquilonius + +, and + +A. stricosus + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Characteristics + +A. tortuosus + +sp. nov. + + +A. carnosus + + + +A. corticis + + + +A. homosetus + + + +A. exiguus aquilonius + + + +A. stricosus + +
Body length (mm)55-86110-34045-17011639-6372-97
Body width (mm)2.5-2.84.0-9.03.0-6.05.21.9-2.62-2.8
Pigment------
dorsumPurple brown before clitellum, light purple brown afterDark brown or purpleGreenish brownDark chocolate on anterior, grey on other partsDark reddish brownNo pigment
ventrumLight purple brown before clitellum, no afterDark brown or purpleNoGreyLight gray on ventrumNo pogment
First dorsal pore13/1412/1310/11 or 12/13, usually at 11/1212/136/711/12 or 12/13
Clitellum locality +XIV-XVI + +XIV-XVI + +XIV-XVI +, occasionally shorter + +XIV-XVI + +XIV-XVI + +XIV-XVI +
Setal formulaAA=1.2-2.0AB, ZZ=1.4-2.0ZY-----
Spermathecal pores4 pairs, in 5/6-8/9, 0.25C4 pairs in 5/6-8/9 or 3 pairs in 6/7-8/9, 0.33C4 pairs, 5/6-8/9, 0.33C4 pairs, in 5/6-8/9, 0.25C4 pairs, 5/6-8/9, ventral, 0.45C4 pairs, 5/6-8/9, 0.40C
Male poresMiddle, round, surrounded by 3-4 rhombic ridges, 0.25CRound or ellipticSmall, circular to transverse elliptical di sc,0.24-0.30CRoundish glandular area, about 1.5mm in diameter, 0.25CRound, smooth, slightly elevated with a male aperture inconspicuous on lateral concave area, 0.23-0.30Con a coniform glandular disc surrounded by a round pad, 0.33C
Papillae preclitellum +Four pairs of postsetal genital papillae in +VI-IX +8 papillae just overhead 8 spermathecal pores, 2 pairs preclitellar arranged on VIII and IXPaired presetal and/or postsetal in some or all, near spermathecal poresInvisiblepresetal and postsetal, widely paired in 7, 8 and 9, number highly variableInvisible
Papillae postclitellum2 presetal crescent indented-topped genital papilla medial of male pores2 paired presetal genital on XVIII and IX, 1 pair postsetal genital on XVIIIPresent or absent, occasionally one or more near male poreInvisiblepresetal and postsetal, widely paired in XVII, XVIII and XIX, number highly variablepostsetal, single or paired in XVII, XIX and XX
Prostate glands +XVII-XXII +Well developed +XVII-XX +, rudimentary or absent + +XVI-XXI + +XVI-XX +, wrinkled + +XVI-XX +, coarsely lobate +
SpermathecaeAbout 2.4mm long, ampulla slender heart-shaped; duct shortAmpulla oval or pear-shaped, duct equal to or slightly shorter than ampullaAmpulla ovoid-Ampulla peach-shaped, stalk straight, much shorter than ampullaAbout 1.6mm long; ampulla heart-shaped, gradually slender duct as long as ampulla
DiverticulumAbout 2.0mm long, terminal 4/5, swollen, S-shaped twisted seminal chamberOne-third to half of ampulla, slender stalk and a wider seminal chamberBlunt ovioid, straight stalkShorter, seminal chamber ovoid and whitishShorter, seminal chamber rudimentary or absent, straight or slightly bentAs long as main spermathecal axis, slender, terminal 0.4 dilated into a band shaped chamber
Accessory glands1 stalked accessory gland observed near the ental part of each spermatheca-Stalked, coelomic, bound down to parietes or retained within body wallInvisibleround, stalked observed in spermathecal pores and male pores regionInvisible
+ + + +Diagnosis. + +Dimensions 55-86 mm by 2.5-2.8 mm at clitellum, 55-83 segments. First dorsal pore in 13/14. Setae numbering 24-26 at III, 34-36 at V, 34-36 at VIII, 32-36 at XX, 36-40 at XXV; 8-9 between male pores; setae between spermathecal pores numbering 9-12 at VI, 10-12 at VII, 12-13 at VIII. Four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6-8/9, eye-like. Four pairs of postsetal genital papillae in +VI-IX +, 0.20 circumference ventrally apart from each other. One pair of male pores in XVIII, each on the top of a central, round porophore surrounded by three or four rhombic ridges, with one presetal crescent indented-topped genital papilla medial of each male pore. Ampulla slender, heart-shaped; duct short. Diverticulum shorter than main pouch, terminal 4/5 slightly dilated into a swollen, S-shaped twisted seminal chamber. Prostate glands well developed. + + + +Description. + +External characters +: Pre-clitellum, purple-brown pigment on dorsum, light purple-brown on ventrum. Post-clitellum, light purple-brown on dorsum, no pigment on ventrum. Clitellum taupe. Dimensions 76 mm by 27 mm at clitellum. 75 segments. Prostomium +1/2 +epilobous. First dorsal pore in 13/14. Setae numbering 24 at III, 34 at V, 36 at VIII, 36 at XX, 40 at XXV; 8 between male pores; Setae between spermathecal pores numbering 11 at VI, 10 at VII, 13 at VIII. Setae formula AA = 1.2-2.0AB, ZZ = 1.4-2.0ZY. Clitellum annular, pale taupe, in +XIV-XVI +, setae not visible externally. Four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6-8/9, eye-like, 0.25 circumference ventrally apart from each other. Four pairs of postsetal genital papillae in +VI-IX +, 0.20 circumference ventrally apart from each other. One pair of male pores in XVIII, 0.25 circumference apart ventrally, each on the top of a central, round porophore surrounded by three or four rhombic ridges, with one presetal crescent indented-topped genital papilla in the center of each male pore region ( +Figure 2A +). Single female pore in XIV. + + +Internal characters. +Septa 5/6-7/8 thick and muscular, 10/11-12/13 slightly thickened, 8/9-9/10 absent. Gizzard ball-shaped, in +VIII-X +. Intestine enlarged distinctly from XVI onwards. Intestinal caeca paired in XXVII, simple, smooth, extending anteriorly to XXIV. Four pairs of esophageal hearts in +X-XIII +, the first pair very thin, the last three pairs developed. Ovaries in XIII. Four pairs of spermathecae in +VI-IX +, small, 2.4 mm long. Ampulla slender, heart-shaped; duct short. Diverticulum 2.0 mm long, slightly shorter than main pouch, terminal 4/5 slightly dilated into a swollen, S-shaped twisted seminal chamber ( +Figure 2B +). One stalked accessory gland observed medial to each spermathecal duct. Holandric: two pairs of testis sacs in +X-XI +, separated from each other, developed. Two pairs of seminal vesicles in +XI-XII +, well developed. Prostate glands well developed, inserting in XVIII and extending from +XVII-XXII +, coarsely lobate, prostatic duct C-shaped, uniform thickness. No accessory glands observed. + + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the crooked shape of its diverticulum. + + +Remarks. + + +Amynthas tortuosus + +sp. nov. is a comparatively small earthworm and shares some similarities to + +A. carnosus + +and + +A. corticis + +. All of them have genital markings both on the spermathecal and the male pore regions and share similar setal numbers. However, the body size of + +A. tortuosus + +sp. nov. is very distinct from others. The new species has roughly half the body size of + +A. carnosus + +and + +A. corticis + +, both in length and width. The first dorsal pore is in 13/14 and the distance between the spermathecal pores and male pores is less than those of + +A. carnosus + +and + +A. corticis + +. Moreover, + +A. tortuosus + +sp. nov. has long diverticulum with an S-shaped twisted seminal chamber and eight stalked accessory glands observed near the spermathecal duct, rather than a straight or slender stalk and an absence of accessory glands in + +A. carnosus + +. + + +We also compare the new species with + +Amynthas homosetus + +( +Chen 1938 +) described from Hainan Island, which has a very similar distance between the male pores and spermathecal pores, and similar setal numbers. The differences between the two species are as follows: the body size of + +A. tortuosus + +is much smaller than + +A. homosetus + +; the size of prostate glands is larger in + +A. tortuosus + +; the shape of the seminal chamber is S-shaped twisted in + +A. tortuosus + +, while it is ovoid in + +A. homosetus + +; and several genital markings are present in the spermathecal pore region and male pore region in + +A. tortuosus + +sp. nov., while these markings are absent in + +A. homosetus + +. + + +The body size of + +A. tortuosus + +sp. nov. is similar to + +Amynthas exiguus aquilonius + +Tsai et al., 2001 described from Taiwan Island and + +Amynthas stricosus + +Qiu & Sun, 2012 described from Hainan Island. The first dorsal pore of the new species is in 13/14, but in 6/7 in + +A. exiguus aquilonius + +, and in 11/12 or 12/13 in + +A. stricosus + +. The new species has more closely spaced spermathecal pores than + +A. exiguus aquilonius + +and + +A. stricosus + +. Additionally, + +A. exiguus aquilonius + +has more genital papillae observed in spermathecal pores and male pores region than the new species. Accessory glands are observed in spermathecal pores and male pores region in + +A. exiguus aquilonius + +, but in the new species, accessory glands are only observed in spermathecal pores region. Furthermore, + +A. stricosus + +has a band shaped chamber, no genital papillae near spermathecal pores region, no accessory glands, and papillae observed in XVII, XIX and XX, but the new species has a S-shaped twisted seminal chamber, four pairs of genital papillae in spermathecal pores region, accessory glands near spermathecal duct, and no genital papillae observed in XVII, XIX and XX. Details of the comparison are showed in table 3. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CA/F2/16CAF2291C6F56EC8982105BD06CBC3E.xml b/data/16/CA/F2/16CAF2291C6F56EC8982105BD06CBC3E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c67eb8bae2c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CA/F2/16CAF2291C6F56EC8982105BD06CBC3E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,150 @@ + + + +Insect collecting bias in Arizona with a preliminary checklist of the beetles from the Sand Tank Mountains + + + +Author + +Johnston, M. Andrew +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-6985 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America +ajohnston@asu.edu + + + +Author + +Waite, Evan S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6877-3964 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Wright, Ethan R +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-5967 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Reily, Brian H. +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +De Leon, Gilma Juanita +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0727-4031 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Esquivel, Angela Iran +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1228-662X +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kerwin, Jacob +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-1935 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Salazar, Maria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-4639 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Sarmiento, Emiliano +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-3088 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Thiatmaja, Tommy +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-8110 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Lee, Sangmi +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9636-8242 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Yule, Kelsey +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Franz, Nico +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-7018 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-06-28 + + +11 + + +101960 +101960 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e101960 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e101960 +1314-2828-11-e101960 +B479CEE677FA57978AE0EE6220BA7572 + + + + +Diclidia greeni Liljeblad, 1918 + + + +Notes + +Identification reference: +Liljeblad (1945) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CB/4C/16CB4C4975867CB539ACD4CB2D27A264.xml b/data/16/CB/4C/16CB4C4975867CB539ACD4CB2D27A264.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9158c1167fb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CB/4C/16CB4C4975867CB539ACD4CB2D27A264.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828-4-8151 + + + + +Rasivalva marginata (Nees, 1834) + + + + +Microgaster marginatus +Nees, 1834 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CB/58/16CB585AC6A400C7E0682BB5B68EF442.xml b/data/16/CB/58/16CB585AC6A400C7E0682BB5B68EF442.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..218ae51ccfd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CB/58/16CB585AC6A400C7E0682BB5B68EF442.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +370 +473 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Canna indica +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 1. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat inter tropicos Asiae, Africae, Americae." RCN: 1. + + + + +Lectotype +(Maas in Jarvis & al., +Regnum Veg. +127: 29. 1993): Herb. A. van Royen No. 912.356-390 ( +L +) + +. + + + + +Generitype +of + +Canna +Linnaeus + +(vide Hitchcock, +Prop. Brit. Bot. +: 114. 1929). + + + + +Current name: + + +Canna indica + +L. + +( +Cannaceae +). + + + + +Note: +Siddiqi (in Jafri & El-Gadi, +Fl. Libya +74: 2. 1970) indicated + +Herb. Linn. 1.1 ( +LINN +) + +as type but this collection is a post-1753 addition to the collection and ineligible as type. It is superseded by +Maas' +type choice. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CB/9A/16CB9A23F5D9E5A8836E5D94A9EE3F9C.xml b/data/16/CB/9A/16CB9A23F5D9E5A8836E5D94A9EE3F9C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fc5ba3aa58e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CB/9A/16CB9A23F5D9E5A8836E5D94A9EE3F9C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Texas spiders + + + +Author + +Dean, David Allen +Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America +a-dean-ento@tamu.edu + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-03-02 + + +570 + + +1 +703 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.570.6095 +1313-2970-570-1 +CE0DA439F6F64DCF82255700A3C50098 +E376FF8EFFF1F22C326D1E0DFF8BFFDF +579094 + + + + +Plectreurys sp. + + + + +Plectreurys +data from Dave Richman + + + +Distribution. +Presidio + + +Locality. +Big Bend Ranch State Park + + +Habitat. +(web: web under rock) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CB/BD/16CBBD9F97754A38AAE6CAB35A0A6808.xml b/data/16/CB/BD/16CBBD9F97754A38AAE6CAB35A0A6808.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..07d10dc2091 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CB/BD/16CBBD9F97754A38AAE6CAB35A0A6808.xml @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Subfamily +Lycoperdininae Bromhead, 1838 + + + + +Lycoperdinadae +Bromhead, 1838: 419 [stem: Lycoperdin-]. Type genus: +Lycoperdina +Latreille, 1807. Comment: name previously attributed to L. Redtenbacher (1844); incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + +Eumorphidae +Gistel, 1848: [10] [stem: Eumorph-]. Type genus: +Eumorphus +Weber, 1801. + + +Dapsini +Gerstaecker, 1858: 170 [stem: Daps-]. Type genus: +Dapsa +Latreille, 1829. + + +Corynomalidae +Gorham, 1873: 14 [stem: Corynomal-]. Type genus: +Corynomalus +Gerstaecker, 1857. + + +Amphicini +Csiki, 1910: 25 [stem: Amphic-]. Type genus: +Amphix +Laporte, 1840. + + +Beccariini +Arrow, 1925: 278 [stem: Beccari-]. Type genus: +Beccaria +Gorham, 1885 [preoccupied genus name, not +Beccaria +Bourguignat, 1883 [Mollusca]; syn. of +Beccariola +Arrow, 1943]. Comment: permanently invalid (Art. 39): based on preoccupied type genus. + + +Amphisternini +Strohecker, 1964: 319 [stem: Amphistern-]. Type genus: +Amphisternus +Germar, 1843. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CC/13/16CC13DDA9861BEB76A34AFD26194363.xml b/data/16/CC/13/16CC13DDA9861BEB76A34AFD26194363.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a6d6700c7a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CC/13/16CC13DDA9861BEB76A34AFD26194363.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828--20997 + + + + +Otopsis chardyi Katzmann, 1974 + + + +Notes + +Reported from Greece by +Arvanitidis (2000a) +based on a single specimen. Type locality: Mediterranean (Adriatic). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CC/FA/16CCFA7B5EA00F287710F8AD817AD519.xml b/data/16/CC/FA/16CCFA7B5EA00F287710F8AD817AD519.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ba716451ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CC/FA/16CCFA7B5EA00F287710F8AD817AD519.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828-2-1168 + + + + +Nematus (Kontuniemiana) olfaciens Benson, 1953 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CE/2E/16CE2E73566EDC73C529662A18B959C2.xml b/data/16/CE/2E/16CE2E73566EDC73C529662A18B959C2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d113e60b32c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CE/2E/16CE2E73566EDC73C529662A18B959C2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part H) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +557 +585 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Haematoxylum campechianum +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 384. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Campeche Americes." RCN: 3019. + + + + +Lectotype +(Howard & Staples in +J. Arnold Arbor. +64: 529. 1983): Herb. Linn. No. 538.1 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Generitype +of + +Haematoxylum +Linnaeus. + + + + + +Current name: + +Haematoxylum campechianum +L. + +( +Fabaceae +: +Caesalpinioideae +). + + + + +Note: +Fawcett & Rendle ( +Fl. Jamaica +4: 97. 1920) indicated material in LINN as type but did not distinguish between sheets 538.1 and 538.2. These two collections (one is ex Herb. Clifford) do not appear to be part of a single gathering, so Art. 9.15 does not apply. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CE/69/16CE69AC3BB6D69892D7BE969ECD4B03.xml b/data/16/CE/69/16CE69AC3BB6D69892D7BE969ECD4B03.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16a7b001b3d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CE/69/16CE69AC3BB6D69892D7BE969ECD4B03.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Amara schwarzi Hayward, 1908 + + + + +Isopleurus septentrionalis +LeConte, 1847: 358 [secondary homonym of + +Amara septentrionalis + +Curtis, 1840]. Type locality: "Lacum Superiorem" (original citation), herein restricted to Marquette, Marquette County, Michigan (USNM). Syntype(s) in MCZ [# 7386]. + + +Amara schwarzi +Hayward, 1908: 42. Replacement name for + +Amara septentrionalis + +(LeConte, 1847). Note. Because +Hayward's +name was expressly proposed as a replacement name, the syntype of + +Amara schwarzi + +Hayward in MCZ [# 25669] has no status (see ICZN 1999: Article 72.7). + + + +Distribution. + +This species inhabits the Laurentian Highlands from the north shore of the Saint Lawrence Gulf (Larochelle 1975: 48) to the Great Slave Lake in the Northwest Territories (Lindroth 1968: 684), south to central Washington (Kittitas County, CMNH), southwestern Alberta (Indian Creek at 49 +°48' +N - 114 +°07' +W, CNC), northeastern Minnesota, and the upper peninsula of Michigan (Lindroth 1968: 684). The record from South Dakota (Kirk and Balsbaugh 1975: 26) was based on a small specimen of + +Amara latior + +in MCZ; those from Labrador (Larochelle 1975: 48) and Yukon Territory (Lindroth 1968: 684), and probably also from Colorado (Wickham 1902: 237), refer to + +Amara lindrothi + +(CNC). The records from Ohio (Everly 1927: 155), New Jersey (Smith 1910: 206), and "New York" (Leng and +Beutenmueller +1893: 139; Wickham 1896b: 38) are likely in error; that from northern Wisconsin along Lake Superior (Wickham 1896c: 133, as + +Amara septentrionalis + +) needs confirmation. + + + +Records. + +CAN +: AB, MB, NT, ON, QC +USA +: MI, MN, WA [WI] + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CF/93/16CF9338EBE6C4C44C625F90C4A1A719.xml b/data/16/CF/93/16CF9338EBE6C4C44C625F90C4A1A719.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b2ca89948c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CF/93/16CF9338EBE6C4C44C625F90C4A1A719.xml @@ -0,0 +1,605 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Lamiaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/lamiaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Lamium amplexicaule +L. + + + + + + +Staengelumfassende +Taubnessel + + + + + +Art ISFS: 225600 Checklist: 1025660 +Lamiaceae +Lamium +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +10-25 cm +hoch, +/- behaart. + +Blaetter +rundlich bis +nierenfoermig + +, +1-2 cm +lang und +1-3 cm +breit, + +grob und stumpf +gezaehnt +bis radial geteilt + +, viel +kuerzer +als die +Staengelglieder +, die untersten gestielt, +die oberen mit breitem Grund umfassend +. +Blueten +quirlig in den obersten Blattwinkeln. +Krone hellpurpurn +, 1-1,5 cm lang, mit enger und gerader +Roehre +, innen ohne Haarring. + +Teilfruechte +warzig + +. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 4-9 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Gaerten +, +Aecker +, Weinberge, +Schuttplaetze +, in warmen Lagen / kollin-subalpin / CH (besonders AS, MW, J) + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Eurasiatisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +2 + 34-444.t.2n=18 + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Therophyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + +8.2.3.2 - Kalkreicher, lehmiger Hackfruchtacker ( +Fumario-Euphorbion +) + + + +
+
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl FfrischLichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +kollin ( +Laubmischwaelder +mit Eichen) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Lamium amplexicaule +L. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Staengelumfassende +Taubnessel + +Nom +francais +: + +Lamier +a +feuilles embrassantes + +Nome italiano: +Falsa ortica reniforme +, +Erba ruota + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Checklist 2017 + +225600
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +1658
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +1567
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +1567
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +225600
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Landolt 1977 + +2515
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Landolt 1991 + +2045
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +225600
= +Lamium amplexicaule L. + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +1392
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Indigen + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Mittelland (MP) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +potenziell +gefaehrdet +(Near Threatened) +A2c
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+International (Berner Konvention) +Nein
+GE + +Vollstaendig +geschuetzt +(25.07.2007)
+ + + + + + + + + +
+Schweiz +--
+ +Status in sektoriellen Umweltpolitiken + + + + + + + +
+Umweltziele Landwirtschaft: +L - Leitartweitere Informationen
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/CF/B7/16CFB7AD019054B79F70206AB5941961.xml b/data/16/CF/B7/16CFB7AD019054B79F70206AB5941961.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3c748d5fca9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/CF/B7/16CFB7AD019054B79F70206AB5941961.xml @@ -0,0 +1,280 @@ + + + +Revision of the genus Cenophengus LeConte, 1881 (Coleoptera, Phengodidae), with the description of four new species, new geographic records and a new synonymy + + + +Author + +Vega-Badillo, Viridiana +Laboratorio de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico & Posgrado en Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Morrone, Juan J. +Museo de Zoologia " Alfonso L. Herrera ", Departamento de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago +Laboratorio de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510 Mexico City, Mexico +zaragoza@ib.unam.mx + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-11-04 + + +1068 + + +73 +148 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1068.70295 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1068.70295 +1313-2970-1068-73 +89A3452A6BB649FBA9A86F1DAE80CB5A +2D5A42FB953E51BE83ABD467628C151D + + + + +Cenophengus niger Wittmer, 1986 + + + + +Fig. 22A-H + + + + +Cenophengus niger +Wittmer, 1986: 160. + + + +Type locality. +Monteverde, Costa Rica. + + +Type material examined. + +Holotype +♂: "COSTA RICA: Punt. / Monteverde. 1400 m/ 23 May 1979/ H & A Howden" " + +Cenophengus +/ +Cenophengus niger + +Wittmer" " +PHENGODIDAE +/ PHENG00000347" | NHMB. + + + +Remarks. + + +Cenophengus niger + +is morphologically similar to + +C. howdeni + +, but can be distinguished by the length of antennomere 1 and the diameters of the punctures. In + +C. niger + +, antennomere 1 is equal to the length of antennomeres 2 and 3 combined, whereas in + +C. howdeni + +, it is shorter than antennomeres 2 and 3 combined. In + +C. niger + +, the punctures are twice as long as eye facets and separated by approximately 0.2 punctured diameters, whereas in + +C. howdeni + +, they are as long as eye facets and separated by approximately 1 punctured diameter. + + + +Diagnosis. +Integument chagreened, head less wide than pronotum, antennae less than twice the length of the pronotum, antennal rami twice as long as the respective antennomere and each elytron 3.5 times as long as wide; aedeagus with three teeth at the inner apex of paramere. + + +Redescription. + +Male. +Body length 6.0-6.3 mm, maximum body width 0.80-0.85 mm (pronotum). Body dark brown, only mouthparts, three first antennomeres, two last abdominal segments, all legs with trochanter and coxae yellowish (Fig. +22A, B +). + +Head +. + +Wider (0.80-0.83 mm) (0.81 ++/- +0.0.17 mm, n = 3) than long (0.55-0.60 mm) (0.56 ++/- +0.028 mm, n = 3) (Fig. +22C +), at eye level, less wide than the pronotum, integument chagreened, punctures twice as long as eye facets and separated by approximately 0.2 punctured diameters, each puncture bearing a yellow-brown seta; interantennal distance (0.08-0.10 mm) (0.089 ++/- +0.11 mm, n = 3) less than the length of antennomere 1 (0.14-0.15 mm) (0.146 ++/- +0.005 mm, n = 3); eyes 1/2 as long as head in lateral view, longer (0.26-0.28 mm) (0.266 ++/- +0.011 mm, n = 3) than wide (0.12-0.14 mm) (0.126 ++/- +0.011 mm, n = 3); interocular distance (0.40-0.42 mm) (0.403 ++/- +0.011 mm, n = 3) 3 times eye width; antennae short (2.2-2.3 mm) (2.26 ++/- +0.057 mm, n = 3) less than twice the length of the pronotum; antennomere 1 (0.14-0.15 mm) (0.146 ++/- +0.005 mm, n = 3) equal to the length of the next two combined, antennomere 3 cup-shaped, 4 (0.13-0.14 mm) (0.136 ++/- +0.005 mm, n = 3) shorter than following antennomeres, 5 to 11 about equal in length (0.15-0.16) (0.156 ++/- +0.005, n = 3), 12 (terminal) (0.20-0.21 mm) (0.206 ++/- +0.005 mm, n = 3), antennal rami lanceolate in lateral view, twice as long as the respective antennomere; terminal maxillary palpomere robust, securiform (0.25-0.27 mm) (0.263 ++/- +0.011 mm, n = 3), as long as the preceding three combined; terminal labial palpomere spindle-shaped (0.05-0.06 mm) (0.056 ++/- +0.005 mm, n = 3), 3 times as long as preceding one (0.02 mm) (0.02 ++/- +0 mm, n = 3). + +Thorax +. + +Pronotum longer (0.95-0.98 mm) (0.966 ++/- +0.015 mm, n = 3) than wide (0.80-0.85 mm) (0.833 ++/- +0.0.11 mm, n = 3) (Fig. +22D +); integument chagreened, punctures twice as long as eye facets and separated by approximately 0.2 punctured diameters, with a yellow-brown seta in each puncture; disc convex, weakly elevated dorsally forming a small depression in the basal part of each side, posterior margin curved, sides almost straight, anterior angles rounded and posterior angles acute; mesosternal suture complete; scutellum with posterior margin rounded; each elytron 3.5 times as long (1.62-1.74 mm) (1.68 ++/- +0.061 mm, n = 3) as wide (0.46-0.48 mm) (0.473 ++/- +0.011 mm, n = 3), convex, without longitudinal costae, elytral apex rounded; hind wings with posterior radial vein (RP) length 6.5 times less than the length of MP1+2, radial cell closed, r3 vein absent, r4 vein developed (reaching the radial cell), those of the anterior anal and posterior anal sectors, evident (Fig. +22E +). Legs: tarsomere 1 of pro-, meso- and metathoracic legs is longer than 2. + +Abdomen +. + +Integument shiny, punctured, with long dense setae, sternite 7 with margin sinuate, sternite 8 with margin notched; aedeagus with three teeth at the inner apex of paramere (Fig. +22F-H +). + + + +Figure 22. + +Cenophengus niger + +Wittmer, 1986, male. Habitus: +A +dorsal +B +ventral +C +head dorsal +D +pronotum dorsal +E +hind wing. Wing venation: CR = Radial Cell; r4 = radial 4 vein; RP = Posterior Radial vein; MP1+2 = Posterior Median vein; CuA = Cubital vein; AA and AP = Anterior and Posterior Anal veins. Aedeagus: +F +dorsal view +G +lateral view +H +ventral view. + + + + +Female and immatures. +Unknown. + + +Distribution. + +Costa Rica: Monteverde, Heredia and Puntarenas (Fig. +19 +). + + + +Additional material examined. + +" + +COSTA RICA +: +Heredia +/ +La Selva +, + +75 m + +/ +10°26'N +, +84°01'W +/ +Sept 1992 +/ +P. Hansen +, Malaise" "From the Michael/ Ivie Collection" (2) | MTEC; " +COSTA RICA +: +Puntarenas +/ + +3 km +SW +Rincon + +/ +8.683°N +, +83.483°W + +July +1991. 10 m + +/ +P. Hanson. Malaise +" "From the Michael/ Ivie Collection" (1) | MTEC + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D0/07/16D0079D90D813B08DA9E4483FEB9289.xml b/data/16/D0/07/16D0079D90D813B08DA9E4483FEB9289.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d345378984f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D0/07/16D0079D90D813B08DA9E4483FEB9289.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +The bee family Halictidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from Central Asia collected by the Kyushu and Shimane Universities Expeditions + + + +Author + +Murao, Ryuki + + + +Author + +Tadauchi, Osamu + + + +Author + +Miyanaga, Ryoichi + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +15050 +15050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e15050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e15050 +1314-2828--15050 + + + + +Halictus (Vestitohalictus) nasica Morawitz, 1876 + + + +Ecological interactions + +Host of + +Tamarix +sp. + + + + +Distribution +North Africa to central Asia. This species has been recorded from Turkmenistan in central Asia. + + +Notes +New record for Kazakhstan. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D0/3A/16D03A73026B76086C8DDD86C3199362.xml b/data/16/D0/3A/16D03A73026B76086C8DDD86C3199362.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..73c832eb35c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D0/3A/16D03A73026B76086C8DDD86C3199362.xml @@ -0,0 +1,76 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Ericydnus baleus (Walker, 1838) + + + + +Encyrtus baleus +Walker, 1838 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D0/74/16D0741C2B7B56CB9A28912F72BAEFC3.xml b/data/16/D0/74/16D0741C2B7B56CB9A28912F72BAEFC3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..538185e7ba9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D0/74/16D0741C2B7B56CB9A28912F72BAEFC3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +An updated inventory of sea slugs from Koh Tao, Thailand, with notes on their ecology and a dramatic biodiversity increase for Thai waters + + + +Author + +Mehrotra, Rahul +Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center, Koh Mun Nai, Kram, Klaeng District, Rayong 21110, Thailand + + + +Author + +A. Caballer Gutierrez, Manuel +American University of Paris, Department of Computer Science Math and Environmental Science, 6 rue du Colonel Combes, 75007 Paris, France & Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 55 rue de Buffon, 75005 Paris, France + + + +Author + +M. Scott, Chad +Conservation Diver. 7321 Timber Trail Road, Evergreen, Colorado, 80439, USA + + + +Author + +Arnold, Spencer +Conservation Diver. 7321 Timber Trail Road, Evergreen, Colorado, 80439, USA + + + +Author + +Monchanin, Coline +Aow Thai Marine Ecology Center, Koh Mun Nai, Kram, Klaeng District, Rayong 21110, Thailand & Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA), Center for Integrative Biology (CBI); CNRS, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, France + + + +Author + +Viyakarn, Voranop +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-6356 +Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand + + + +Author + +Chavanich, Suchana +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6266-7300 +Reef Biology Research Group. Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand +suchana.c@chula.ac.th + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-06-09 + + +1042 + + +73 +188 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1042.64474 +1313-2970-1042-73 +9CF986D86A474E179A67245C78FB8AFD +1BB0A10A35DD5541850FDAFFDB7119C2 + + + + +* +Roxaniella multistriata (Schepman, 1913) +Figure 6H + + + +Material examined. + +Two specimens +5-9 mm +, LB. + + + +Ecology. + +Very similar to those of + +Aliculastrum + +spp. though more regularly found immersed within/under cyanobacterial mats than on top. Often found together with other +Haminoeidae +species from Koh Tao, apart from + +Atys + +sp. Depth 8-18 m. + + + +Distribution. + +Known across the Indo-Pacific including Tanzania, the Philippines, Fiji ( +Gosliner et al. 2008 +), Indonesia, Palau, Guam, Tahiti ( +Too et al. 2014 +), and Hawaii ( +Kay 1979 +). Here representing a first record from Thai waters. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D1/15/16D1157A4FB35693B0DDC14EB401D84A.xml b/data/16/D1/15/16D1157A4FB35693B0DDC14EB401D84A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30515083e3c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D1/15/16D1157A4FB35693B0DDC14EB401D84A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +A new species of Racelda Signoret, with taxonomical notes and a key to the males of the genus (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Ectrichodiinae, Ectrichodiini) + + + +Author + +Gil-Santana, Helcio R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-348X +Laboratorio de Diptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040 - 360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil +helciogil@uol.com.br + + + +Author + +Oliveira, Jader +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2588-1911 +Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica, Laboratorio de Entomologia em Saude Publica, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil & Laboratorio de Parasitologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista " Julio de Mesquita Filho ", Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas UNESP / FCFAR, Rodovia Araraquara Jau, KM 1, 14801 - 902, Araraquara, SP, Brazil + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2022 + +2022-09-23 + + +1122 + + +53 +79 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1122.84424 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1122.84424 +1313-2970-1122-53 +9E53F534649549D3A32ACA041E2DBEAE +E42742427D1C5107A2F967943A42B8D4 + + + + +Racelda moerens Breddin, 1898 + + + + +Figs 9 +, 10 + + + +Type material examined. + +Male holotype +: + +Racelda + +/ + +Racelda moerens + +[letters " +mo +" underlined with green] / Bredd. [handwritten label] // Espirito-Santo / Brasil. / ex coll. Fruhstorfer. [printed green label] // Tyqus [ +sic +] [printed red label] // Holotypus [printed red label] // Coll. / Breddin [printed label] (SDEI). + + +According with the original description ( +Breddin 1898 +), + +R. moerens + +was described based on a unique male from state of +Espirito +Santo, Brazil ( +Breddin 1898 +). It is deposited in SDEI and bears two red labels, one reading +"Tyqus" +[certainly meaning +"Typus" +, a mere typo] and other +"Holotypus" +(Figs +9 +, +10 +). +Gaedike (1971) +listed this type specimen as the holotype of the species. It is known that several type specimens described in that time currently bear +"typus" +, holotypus" or +"paratypus" +labels, although these were not attached by the author of the species, but subsequently in curatorial practice. In any case, taking into account that the evidence supports that +Breddin's +description was based on this single specimen, even not stated as the holotype in the original publication, it is considered fixed as such by monotypy (ICZN, Art. 73.1.2) and also in accordance with +Gaedike (1971) +. + + +Dougherty (1995) +recorded a large variation in the size of males of + +R. moerens + +, with a range in total length from 9.5 to 18.2 mm, although the individuals were otherwise identical. The collecting of variously sized individuals on the same date and at the same locality implies that they belonged to the same population ( +Dougherty 1995 +). + + + +Racelda moerens + +has been recorded so far only from Brazil ( +Maldonado 1990 +; +Dougherty 1995 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D1/53/16D1530D2ECB62BFA9A56D5DB39AC11F.xml b/data/16/D1/53/16D1530D2ECB62BFA9A56D5DB39AC11F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f19a90c200d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D1/53/16D1530D2ECB62BFA9A56D5DB39AC11F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe +Anopsilini Bondar, 1942 + + + + +Anopsilini +Bondar, 1942: 253 [stem: Anopsil-]. Type genus: +Anopsilus +Kirsch, 1870. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D1/90/16D190FC8584E07BC58CA00910CC801B.xml b/data/16/D1/90/16D190FC8584E07BC58CA00910CC801B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..31da3a03916 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D1/90/16D190FC8584E07BC58CA00910CC801B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,178 @@ + + + +Revision of the Plant Bug Genus Tytthus (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Miridae, Phylinae) + + + +Author + +Henry, Thomas J. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +220 + + +1 +114 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.220.2178 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.220.2178 +1313-2970-220-1 + + + + + +Tytthus +piceus (Osborn & Drake) + +comb. n. +Figs 35 +-3771-78167- +170 + + + + +Isoproba picea +Osborn and Drake 1915 +: 533 (orig. descrip.); +Carvalho 1952 +: 72 (as type); Carvalho 1958(2): 201 (cat.); +Cassis 1984 +: 165 (subfam. note); +Schuh 1995 +: 498 (cat.). + + +Tytthus hondurensis +Carvalho 1984 +: 203 (orig. descrip.); +Schuh 1995 +: 248 (cat.). syn. n. + + + +Diagnosis. +This species, known from macropterous males and females (Figs 35, 36) and brachypterous females (Fig. 37), is distinguished by the bulbous black head, the black pronotum and scutellum having a distinct glaucous sheen, the raised finely punctate pronotal calli, the pale translucent-brown hemelytra, and the pale yellow to white first antennal segment with a narrow black ring at the base. + +Tytthus piceus +keys out with +Tytthus pallidus +, n. sp but can be distinguished by the bulbous head, especially in males, the shorter antennal segment I that is only subequal to the interocular width, and the distinct calli that are covered in a glaucous sheen. + + + +Description. +Male (n = 10; holotype in parentheses) (Figs 35, 71, 72): Length to apex of hemelytron 2.35-2.50 mm (2.70 mm), length to base of cuneus 1.70-1.75 mm (1.89 mm), width across hemelytra 0.62-0.66 mm (wings folded). Head: Length 0.34-0.37 mm (0.35 mm), width across eyes 0.51-0.54 mm (0.50 mm), interocular width 0.24-0.26 mm (0.26 mm). Labium: Length 1.07-1.14 mm (imbedded in glue). Antenna: Segment I, length 0.26-0.27 mm (antennae missing); II, 0.98-1.02 mm; III, 0.50-0.56 mm; IV, 0.40-0.50 mm. Pronotum: Length 0.32-0.34 mm (0.32 mm), basal width 0.59-0.61 mm (0.59 mm). + +Coloration: Head (Figs 73-75): Shiny black; eyes black. Labium: Segment I fuscous to black, apex paler yellowish brown, tinged with red or reddish brown in some specimens; segments +II-IV +pale yellowish brown, apex of segment IV fuscous. Antenna: Segment I pale yellowish brown to white, with a narrow black ring at base; segments +II-IV +uniformly black. Pronotum, mesoscutum, and scutellum: Shiny black, with a distinct glaucous sheen. Hemelytron: Uniformly smoky brown, slightly darker brown on clavus. Ostiolar evaporative area (Fig. 76): Dark reddish brown to fuscous. Ventral surface: Thorax dark brown or fuscous; abdomen in males dark brown, sometimes paler ventrally, genital capsule fuscous to black; abdomen in females yellowish green to pale brown, with broad lateral margins and ovipositor fuscous to black. Legs: Uniformly yellowish brown, inner face of pro- and mesofemora and outer face of metafemur usually with a narrow reddish line; claw (Fig. 78). + + +Structure, texture, and vestiture: Head: Impunctate, round or bulbous in both sexes, slightly wider than long; with scattered, long, erect setae on frons and vertex and a few short, erect setae on eyes. Labium: Extending to abdominal segment II or III. Pronotum: Trapeziform, narrowest anteriorly, lateral margins weakly concave, flaring to humeral angles; impunctate, except for a few scattered punctures on distinctly swollen calli. Mesoscutum: Broadly exposed. Scutellum: Equilateral, weakly convex, rising just +above +level of hemelytra. Hemelytron: Translucent, subparallel; in macropterous males and females (Figs 35, 36) cuneus longer than wide at base, membrane fully developed, extending well beyond apex of abdomen; in brachypterous females (Fig. 37) lateral margins slightly more rounded than macropters, cuneus reduced to about as wide as long, membrane greatly reduced, extending only to the sixth or seventh abdominal tergite, exposing apex of abdomen. + +Male genitalia: Left paramere (Fig. 167): Mitt-shaped; right arm long, wide, apically blunt; left arm shorter, apically pointed. Right paramere (Fig. 168): Elongate oval. Endosoma (Fig. 169): Strongly C-shaped, apically blunt. Phallotheca (Fig. 170): Relatively slender, apically acute. +Macropterous female (n = 10) (Fig. 36): Length to apex of hemelytron 2.60-2.85 mm, length to base of cuneus 1.85-2.05 mm, width across hemelytra 0.70-0.83 mm. Head: Length 0.35-0.40 mm, width across eyes 0.54-0.58 mm, interocular width 0.27-0.29 mm. Labium: Length 1.18-1.22 mm, extending to near base of ovipositor. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.26 mm; II, 0.85-0.93 mm; III, 0.51-0.53 mm; IV, 0.43-0.45 mm. Pronotum: Length 0.34-0.37 mm, basal width 0.69-0.70 mm. +Brachypterous female (n = 3) (Fig. 37): Length to apex of hemelytron 1.80-1.90 mm; length to base of cuneus 1.55-1.60 mm; length to apex of abdomen 2.20-2.40 mm; width across hemelytra 0.64-0.70 mm. Head: Length 0.35-0.40 mm, width across eyes 0.54-0.58 mm, interocular width 0.29 mm. Labium: Length 1.10-1.14 mm, extending to abdominal segment II. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.26-0.29 mm; II, 0.82-9.94 mm; III, 0.51-.56 mm; IV, 0.43-0.45 mm. Pronotum: Length 0.29-0.34 mm, basal width 0.51-0.59 mm. + + +Host. + +Adults and nymphs have been taken in large numbers on switch grass, +Panicum virgatum +L. cv +'Alamo' +[ +Poaceae +], infested with +Delphacidae +(A. G. Wheeler, pers. comm.). + + + +Distribution. + +This species was described and known previously only from Guatemala (as +Isoproba picea +) and Honduras (as +Tytthus hondurensis +). Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, and the United States (Florida, Maryland, and South Carolina) represent new country records and considerable range extensions. + + + +Discussion. + +Specimens of +Tytthus piceus +from Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Mexico, and Panama represent an expected distribution for a Central American species, but the recent detection of it in Florida, Maryland, and South Carolina in the United States is somewhat of a mystery. The eastern United States is relatively well collected, so it seems unlikely that early workers overlooked this unusual bug, given that other obscure species of the genus with similar habits, such as +Tytthus vagus +(Knight) and the tiny +Tytthus alboornatus +(Knight), have been discovered. The most logical explanation is that +Isoproba piceus +has been inadvertently introduced relatively recently and moved around on ornamental grasses, such the one A. G. Wheeler found serving as a host in the South Carolina Botanical Gardens. + + +I have examined the holotypes of +Tytthus hondurensis +and +Tytthus piceus +and find them conspecific. + + + +Type material examined. + +Holotype ♂ (of +Isoproba picea +) (00162336) (OSU): GUATEMALA: Pt. Barios: 3/3/05 [J. S. Hine coll., as per Osborn and Drake, 1915], +Herbert +Osborn collection. Holotype ♂ (of +Tytthus hondurensis +) (00162205) (USNM): HONDURAS:Atlantida: Lancetilla, Aug 1701, Stadelmann. + + + +Other specimens examined. + +COLOMBIA:Cundinamarca: Sasaima, +4.96638°N +, +76.4375°W +, 1221 m, 28 Aug 1965, J. A. Ramos, 1 ♀ (00161785) (USNM). COSTA RICA:Cartago: Pejibaye, 24 Mar 1987 - 25 Mar 1987, W. E. Steiner, 1 ♀ (00161786) (USNM). Puntarenas: El Palmar, Jan 1962, J. O. Harrison, 2 ♂♂ (00161449 - 00161450) (USNM). MEXICO: San Luis Potosi: Huichihayan, 25 Sept. 1938, L. J. Lipovsky, 1 ♂ (UK). + + +PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, 12 Mar. 1969, R. L. Fischer, elev. 2000 ft., 1 ♀ (00166062) (AMNH). UNITED STATES:Florida:Miami-Dade Co.: Coral Gables, Matheson Hammock, 10 May 1997, Vince Golia, sweeping, 1 ♀ (00161829) (USNM). Maryland:Howard Co.: Howard Co. field, 18 Oct 1961, collector unknown, red clover ( +Fabaceae +), 1 ♂ (00161827) (USNM). South Carolina:Pickens Co.: South Carolina Botanical Garden, Clemson, 28 Aug 2004, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., +Panicum virgatum +, 1 ♀ (00161813) ( +Poaceae +), 5 ♂♂ (00161814 - 00161818), 7 ♀♀ (00161819 - 00161825), 1 nymph (00161826) (USNM); 31 Jul 2005, A. G. Wheeler, Jr., +Panicum virgatum +( +Poaceae +), 11 ♂♂ (00161787 - 00161797), 15 ♀♀ (00161798 - 00161812) (USNM). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D2/08/16D2086557845F97993DF50F9265BFFF.xml b/data/16/D2/08/16D2086557845F97993DF50F9265BFFF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..90fdfc2fa18 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D2/08/16D2086557845F97993DF50F9265BFFF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ + + + +Insect collecting bias in Arizona with a preliminary checklist of the beetles from the Sand Tank Mountains + + + +Author + +Johnston, M. Andrew +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-6985 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America +ajohnston@asu.edu + + + +Author + +Waite, Evan S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6877-3964 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Wright, Ethan R +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9226-5967 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Reily, Brian H. +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +De Leon, Gilma Juanita +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0727-4031 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Esquivel, Angela Iran +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1228-662X +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kerwin, Jacob +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-1935 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Salazar, Maria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2709-4639 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Sarmiento, Emiliano +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-3088 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Thiatmaja, Tommy +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-8110 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Lee, Sangmi +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9636-8242 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Yule, Kelsey +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + + + +Author + +Franz, Nico +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-7018 +Biodiversity Knowledge Integration Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-06-28 + + +11 + + +101960 +101960 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e101960 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e101960 +1314-2828-11-e101960 +B479CEE677FA57978AE0EE6220BA7572 + + + + +Scymnus sp. + + + +Notes + +Identification of this genus requires examination of male terminalia. Our single putatively female specimen was only identified to the subgenus +Scymnus (Pullus) +, of which there are a number of species known from this region. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D2/0A/16D20AD5B27E557B872C6F11AB39D00E.xml b/data/16/D2/0A/16D20AD5B27E557B872C6F11AB39D00E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d6cbfd02482 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D2/0A/16D20AD5B27E557B872C6F11AB39D00E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +New combinations in Neotropical Thelypteridaceae + + + +Author + +Salino, Alexandre +Departamento de Botanica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 - Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Caixa Postal 486, CEP 30123 - 970 +salinobh@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Almeida, Thais E. +Programa de Ciencias Naturais, Instituto de Ciencias da Educacao - Universidade Federal do Oeste do Para, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s / n, Campus Rondon - Santarem, Para, Brazil 68040 - 070 + + + +Author + +Smith, Alan R. +University Herbarium, University of California, 1001 Valley Life Sciences Bldg. # 2465, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 2465, USA + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2015 + +2015-12-02 + + +57 + + +11 +50 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.57.5641 +1314-2003-57-11 +98412B4A8904FFAAFFD64239FFE1FF8E +576315 + + + + +Amauropelta tapantensis (A.R.Sm. & Lellinger) Salino & T.E.Almeida +comb. nov. + + + + +Thelypteris tapantensis A.R.Sm. & Lellinger +, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 98(4): f 11. 927. 1985. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D2/12/16D212A08A7950CFEB16266FCA4D6FFD.xml b/data/16/D2/12/16D212A08A7950CFEB16266FCA4D6FFD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..355b1dd11f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D2/12/16D212A08A7950CFEB16266FCA4D6FFD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Taxonomy of ant species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) collected by pitfall traps from Sinai and Delta region, Egypt. + + + +Author + +Mohamed, S. + + + +Author + +Zalat, S. + + + +Author + +Fadl, H. + +text + + +Egyptian Journal of Natural History + + +2001 + +3 + + +40 +61 + + + +journal article +21622 +10.4314/ejnh.v3i1.30001 + + + + +Tetramorium brevicorne Brondroit +,1918 + + + + +Tetramorium caspitum var. brevicorne Bondroit +, 1918: Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr.87:108. + + +Tetramorium brevicorne Bondroit +, 1918 in Baroni Urbani, 1964: Atti. Accad. Gioenia Sc. Nat. Catania (6)16:53. + + + +World distribution: Corsica & Egypt. +Distribution in Egypt: Sinai. + + +Material examined: Sahab: 14.XI.1998 (1) (Ain. Coll.). + + +Note: This species is a new record to the Egyptian fauna. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D3/53/16D353D2A998A715A69239D6CF504AF9.xml b/data/16/D3/53/16D353D2A998A715A69239D6CF504AF9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..075e23ae0aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D3/53/16D353D2A998A715A69239D6CF504AF9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Potos flavus +subsp. +chapadensis +J. A. Allen 1904 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Potos flavus +subsp. +brasiliensis +Ihering 1911 + +; + +Potos flavus +subsp. +caudivolvulus +(Pelzeln 1883) + +; + +Potos flavus +subsp. +dugesii +Villa 1944 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D3/67/16D367C604DF1FA021D497D2A91EF90F.xml b/data/16/D3/67/16D367C604DF1FA021D497D2A91EF90F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0fff34baeb9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D3/67/16D367C604DF1FA021D497D2A91EF90F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Scarabaeus ceratoniae +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +S. muticus, thorace scabro lateribus tridentato, elytris griseis. � + +Hasselqv. iter. +409. +n. +99. Scarabaeus ceratoniae. + + + + +Habitat in +Ceratonia +Cairi. + + + + +* * +Os maxillis forcipatis. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D3/DC/16D3DCC7DC2C9DF2186EC5D0A18E387D.xml b/data/16/D3/DC/16D3DCC7DC2C9DF2186EC5D0A18E387D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0989e078abd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D3/DC/16D3DCC7DC2C9DF2186EC5D0A18E387D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Checklist of bees (Apoidea) from a private conservation property in west-central Montana + + + +Author + +Kuhlman, Marirose + + + +Author + +Burrows, Skyler + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +11506 +11506 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11506 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11506 +1314-2828--11506 + + + + +Ceratina (Zadontomerus) acantha Provancher 1895 + + + +Notes +New species record for Montana + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D4/3A/16D43AF466C026BFB001A1922F3B568C.xml b/data/16/D4/3A/16D43AF466C026BFB001A1922F3B568C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6aec72d5143 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D4/3A/16D43AF466C026BFB001A1922F3B568C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ + + + +Description of Lentistivalius philippinensis, a new species of flea (Siphonaptera, Pygiosyllomorpha, Stivaliidae), and new records of Ascodipterinae (Streblidae) on bats and other small mammals from Luzon, The Philippines + + + +Author + +Hastriter, Michael W. + + + +Author + +Bush, Sarah E. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +260 + + +17 +30 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.3971 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.260.3971 +1313-2970-260-17 + + + + +Maabella stomalata Hastriter & Bush, 2006 + + + +Material examined. + +Philippines, Luzon Island, Cagayan Province: Mt. Cagua 2, Magrafil Barangay ( +18.236°N +, +122.104°E +), elev. 680m, +Rhinolophus inops +K. Anderson (JAC093), 20 VII 2011, S. Villa and S. Knutie, (1 dealate ♀ w/o caudal disc, P4631); same data except +Rhinolophus inops +(JAC094) (1dealate ♀ with caudal disc, P4632); same data except +Rhinolophus inops +(JAC096) (1 dealate ♀ w/o caudal disc and 1 dealate ♀ with caudal disc, P4640); and same data except +Rhinolophus inops +(JAC097) (1dealate ♀ with caudal disc, 2 dealate ♀♀ w/o caudal discs, P4636). + + + +Remarks. + +Maabella +is a widespread monotypic genus. +Hastriter and Bush (2006) +described +Maabella stomalata +from China and Vietnam with records from +Rhinolophus affinis +Horsfield, +Rhinolophus macrotis +Blyth, and +Rhinolophus paradoxalophus +(Bourret). Subsequently +Hastriter (2007) +documented a +Maabella stomalata +in Borneo, Java, Moluccas, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippine Islands, and West Papua and cited the additional bat host species of +Rhinolophus acuminatus +Peters, +Rhinolophus euryotis +Temminck, +Rhinolophus megaphyllus +Gray, +Rhinolophus rufus +Eydoux and Gervais, +Hipposideros calcuratus +(Dobson), +Hipposideros cervinus +(Gould), and +Rousettus amplexicaudatus +(E. Geoffroy). Although our study does not expand the distribution of +Maabella +, +Rhinolophus inops +represents a new host record. Members of the bat family +Rhinolophidae +are the preferred hosts of +Maabella stomalata +. Its occurrence on +Rousettus amplexicaudatus +is probably an accidental association. The site of penetration of neosomes has commonly been found on the leading edge of the wing and over the joints of the front part of the wings (Hastriter, 2007). Our specimens were also found over wing bones and joints (Figs 2-3) with occasional specimens in the skin or +"patagia" +of the wings unassociated with bones. Locations over the bones/joints of the wing might be an adaptation of +Maabella +to prevent suffocation by the +host's +skin from blocking the spiracles that protrude through the +host's +thin skin via the caudal disc. The underlying wing bones are also more open to surface air when wings are folded during rest/sleep. Note in Figs 2 and 3 that the neosomes within the cysts lay horizontal to the surface. +Ascodipteron +species that occupy body tissues penetrate deeper and arrange themselves (in situ) perpendicular to the skin surface (not horizontal). + + + +Figures 2-3. Cysts containing neosomes of +Maabella stomalata +. 2 Cyst located on dorsal surface directly over wing digit number five of +Rhinolophus +sp. (species undetermined) 3 Cyst located on dorsal surface directly over the radius-ulna/thumb joint of +Rhinolophus inops +. Arrow depicts caudal disc (spiracle breathing structure) protruding through the skin. + + + + +Figures 4-7. +Lentistivalius philippinensis +sp. n. (P2316) 4 Overview, male holotype 5 Thorax 6 Head, pronotum, forecoxa 7 Abdominal tergites. (Scale: Fig. 4 = 100 +µ +; Figs 5-7 = 200µ). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D4/94/16D494F0F6951CE2E035AE41AEF9995B.xml b/data/16/D4/94/16D494F0F6951CE2E035AE41AEF9995B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6f4cd4bd2ba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D4/94/16D494F0F6951CE2E035AE41AEF9995B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,170 @@ + + + +Description of two new Temnothorax species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Italy. + + + +Author + +Schulz, A. + + + +Author + +Heinze, J. + + + +Author + +Pusch, K. + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1471 + + +1 +14 + + + + +http://www.antbase.org/ants/publications/21073/21073.pdf + +journal article +21307 +64EDC170-4FA3-443E-9100-E3A77FC1EDB5 + + + + +Temnothorax saxatilis +nov. spec. + +(Figs 12, 13, 23, 27, 32, 33) + + +Holotype +worker. +ITALY +, +Abruzzi, Prov. L’Aquila +, +Gran Sasso, 6 km NE. Castel del Monte, 1600m.a.s.l. + +12.iv.1994 + +, Leg. +M. Sanetra +[ +SMNK +]. + + + + +Paratypes +. 8 workers and 1 gyne, same data as holotype [ +SMNG +, +MHNG +, +MCSN +, +PCAS +] + +. + + + +Etymology. The Latin word means “between the rocks,” a tribute to the name of the type locality, Gran Sasso. + + +Description of worker. Measurements and indices [holotype] (n=10): HL [0.637] 0.62±0.02 (0.59-0.66), HW [0.532] 0.51±0.02 (0.48-0.54), SL [0.428] 0.42±0.02 (0.38-0.43), FCD [0.214] 0.21±0.01 (0.20-0.22), ML [0.822] 0.77±0.03 (0.72-0.82), MW [0.399] 0.37±0.02 (0.35-0.40), PSL [0.081] 0.08±0.01 (0.07-0.10), PEL [0.261] 0.25±0.02 (0.23-0.28), PEW [0.176] 0.16±0.01 (0.14-0.18), PEH [0.228] 0.21±0.01 (0.19- 0.23), PPW [0.228] 0.21±0.01 (0.20-0.23), HS 0.56±0.02 (0.53-0.59), HW/HL 0.82±0.02 (0.78-0.84), SL/ HS 0.74±0.02 (0.67-0.77), FCD/HS 0.37±0.01 (0.35-0.39), MW/ML 0.46±0.01 (0.48-0.50), PSL/ML 0.11±0.01 (0.09-0.12), PEH/PEL 0.84±0.05 (0.76-0.90), PEW/PEL 0.64±0.04 (0.59-0.68), PEW/PPW 0.75±0.03 (0.71-0.79). +Head slender, narrower anterior to eyes than posteriorly, vertexal corners evenly rounded, posterior vertexal margin medially slightly concave. Anterior margin of clypeus slightly convex, medially with a shallow depression or straight. Frontal carinae short, nearly parallel-sided. Scapes short. Mesosoma relatively narrow, in lateral view moderately high, with the dorsal margin mainly straight, or slightly convex. Propodeal spines short, broadly attached, nearly triangular, in dorsal view nearly linear and only slightly divergent distally, with rounded tips. Petiole pedunculate, average high and broad, in lateral view with a broadly rounded node. Anterodorsal petiolar node weakly angulate, anterior petiolar face concave. In dorsal view the node is evenly rounded, without angles or a crest. In dorsal view the postpetiole is subrectangular, slightly broader anteriorly than posteriorly. +Mandibles partially rugoreticulate, lucid. Frontal triangle faintly granulate, lateral parts of clypeus irregularly striate to rugoreticulate, medially faintly granulate, with one superimposed shallow carina, surface subopaque. Frons reticulate with some striae, sublucid. Genae rugoreticulate, around the eyes, and whole vertex mainly reticulate. Larger specimens more rugoreticulate. Ventral surface of head faintly reticulate, medially lucid. Entire mesosoma densely reticulate, with a few superimposed rugulae on dorsum and pronotum. Propodeum between the propodeal spines and postpetiole reticulate, petiolar dorsum rugoreticulate, dorsal face of propodeum reticulate. Gaster lucid. Colour dark ferrugineus to brown; head darker than gaster and appendages. Antennal clubs dark brown. Standing pilosity of head, mesosoma and gaster sparse, transparent, with blunt tips. +Description of gyne. Measurements and indices (n=1): HL 0.74, HW 0.67, SL 0.50, FCD 0.26, ED 0.20, ML 1.33, MW 0.76, PSL 0.05, PEL 0.31, PEW 0.23, PEH 0.28, PPL 0.20, PPW 0.30, HS 0.72, HW/HL 0.94, SL/HS 0.70, FCD/HS 0.36, ED/HS 0.28, MW/ML 0.57, PSL/ML 0.04, PEH/PEL 0.89, PEW/PEL 0.73, PPL/ PPW 0.68, PEW/PPW 0.76. +Head in relation to the mesosoma large and broad, especially behind the eyes. Genae weakly convex and convergent. Behind the eyes the margins are convex, vertexal margin broadly rounded, medially nearly linear. Anterior margin of clypeus slightly convex, medially with a shallow depression. Frontal triangle negligibly impressed. Eyes very small. Frontal carinae short and widely separated. Scapes short. Mesosoma in lateral view flat. Scutellum distinctly broader than long, posterior margin straight. Propodeal spines very short, dentiform. +Petiole pedunculate, average high, but broad, node with a truncated and rounded apex. Anterior-dorsal margin is slightly concave in profile. Subpetiolar process inconspicuous, nearly triangular. In dorsal view with narrow peduncle, strongly divergent, from midlength the sides are nearly parallel. The node apex has rounded, weak lateral corners, in dorsocaudal view. Postpetiole of same shape as in workers. +Mandibles longitudinally striate, lucid. Frontal triangle lucid, clypeus carinate. A small strip of frons nearly unsculptured, lucid, bordered by longitudinal carinae, which are connected by shallow transverse strigae. Each frontal carina fades to less stronger carinae posteriorly. Posterior part of frons reticulo-striate. Genae, surface around the eyes and vertex more strongly rugose, with reticulate interstices. Ventral surface of head reticulo-striate. Lateral parts of mesosoma rugose to carinate with scattered reticulate interstices. Pronotum rugose, mesonotum irregularly and densely carinate with some anastomoses, anterior surface unsculptured medially. Scutellum lucid medially, lateral surface striate. Dorsum of propodeum and surface between the spines transversely carinate. Petiole rugoreticulate, with transverse strigae on dorsum, dorsal petiolar surface and entire postpetiole irregularly reticulate. Dark brown, unicoloured, with the gaster somewhat lighter testaceus to brown. Appendages orange-brown, darker scapes, antennal clubs, and femora. + + + +Differential diagnosis. The workers of +T. saxatilis +are distinguishable from most Italian +Temnothorax +by the brown colour in combination with a conspicuously truncated and robust petiole. In comparison to +T. saxatilis +, +T. nigriceps (Mayr +, 1855) (Fig. 14, 15, 24) has longer scapes and is usually bicoloured with ferruginous mesosoma and waist and contrastingly darker head and gaster. Additionally, the sculpture is much rougher and more visible especially on the head and mesosoma. Workers of +T. tuberum (Fabricius +, 1775) (Fig. 16, 17, 25) always have a distinctly lighter mesosoma and head, and also stronger sculpture on dorsal head surface, than in +T. saxatilis +. Other Mediterranean dark coloured +Temnothorax +species are +T. laestrygon (Santschi +, 1931), +T. niger (Forel +, 1894) and the usually lighter, but sometimes equally dark coloured +T. exilis (Emery +, 1869). The petiole of all three species is lower, triangular, and with a more or less distinct apical crest in lateral view. Furthermore, these species occur only at lower elevations with Mediterranean climate. The arboreal species +T. affinis (Mayr +, 1855) (Fig. 20 & 21) is similar, when specimens are darker than usual, but they differ by distinctly longer propodeal spines. Very rarely specimens of +T. affinis +may have shorter spines in combination with darker reddish brown colour. In such cases, these specimens have a more triangular petiolar node and a more evenly reticulate head, without superimposed rugae. A morphologically similar species outside Italy is the tentatively determined +T. anodontoides (Dlussky & Zabelin +, 1985) (Fig. 18 & 19) from Transcaucasia and a probably isolated population on high mountains of southern Greece. +Temnothorax anodontoides +from Greece can be distinguished from +T. saxatilis +by longer scapes, shorter propodeal spines, lower waist (Table 3) dark brown to nearly black colour, coarser rugose sculpture, and truncated, weakly rounded dorsum/apex of petiolar node. + + +For comparison only one gyne of +T. saxatilis +is available. The gyne of +T. nigriceps +has longer propodeal spines, more triangular petiolar node in lateral view, and more coarsely sculptured head and mesosoma. Temnothorax +tuberum +is a morphologically variable species, but has a smaller head and somewhat shorter propodeal spines. Furthermore, in +T. tuberum +, the mesosoma and especially the scutellum is more densely rugose, and the legs are evenly yellowish, whereas the legs of +T. saxatilis +are somewhat bicoloured, mostly brown with ferrugineous patches. The gyne of +T. affinis +(Fig. 36 & 37) is normally lighter coloured than in +T. saxatilis +, but darker specimens occur. The propodeal spines are usually longer and the petiole is lower in profile. Head sculpture of +T. affinis +(Fig. 37) is more reticulate and less rugulose, than in +T. saxatilis +. The brownish to black gynes of +T. exilis +, +T. laestrygon +and +T. niger +are distinctive in their low petiole with a triangular and acute petiolar node in profile. The morphometric differentiation of gynes of +T. saxatilis +and +T. anodontoides +from Greece is difficult; only one gyne each is available for comparison. +Temnothorax anodontoides +has a distinctly lower and truncated petiolar node in profile. In addition, in this species the sculpture is mainly rugose and coarser. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D4/9F/16D49FA825BAA10F5EA93EAE2917FB42.xml b/data/16/D4/9F/16D49FA825BAA10F5EA93EAE2917FB42.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b15dc5d15c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D4/9F/16D49FA825BAA10F5EA93EAE2917FB42.xml @@ -0,0 +1,586 @@ + + + +Bridging the distributional gap of Tyloridastriata (Thorell, 1877) and new synonymy (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) + + + +Author + +Kulkarni, Siddharth + + + +Author + +Yadav, Swara + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +4878 +4878 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4878 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e4878 +1314-2828-3-4878 + + + + +Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877) + + + + +Meta striata +Thorell, 1877: 427. + + +Meta striata +Hasselt, 1882: 25. + + +Argyroepeira bigibba +Thorell, 1887: 140. + + +Argyroepeira +s. Thorell, 1887: 142. + + +T. striata +Simon, 1894a: 737, f. 809. + + +Argyroepeira +s. Workman & Workman, 1894: 19, pl. 19. + + +Tylorida magniventer +Boesenberg +& Strand, 1906: 187, pl. 15, f. 397. + + +T. striata +Boesenberg +& Strand, 1906: 187, pl. 15, f. 420. + + +Sternospina concretipalpis +Schmidt and Krause, 1993: 7, f. 1. + + +Tylorida stellimicans +Simon, 1885: 449. New synonymy. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Syntype +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +O. Beccari +; individualCount: +2 +; sex: +Female +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceStatus: present; Taxon: scientificNameID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; taxonomicStatus: accepted; Location: locationID: Ambon Islands, Indonesia; continent: Asia; islandGroup: Maluku archipelago; island: Ambon; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; Identification: identifiedBy: Thorell; identificationReferences: Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Thorell, T. (1877); Event: year: 1874; Record Level: type: specimen; institutionID: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria", Italy; institutionCode: +MSNG +; basisOfRecord: Preserved specimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +C.L.and P.R. Deeleman +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +1 female +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: locationID: TYPE LOCALITY; continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: SOUTH EAST SULAWESI; locality: +Taneah, 40 km south of Kendari, sea-faced +; Event: eventDate: +08/11/1980 +; Record Level: type: specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BNHS Sp. 139-144 +; occurrenceRemarks: live in its orb web; recordedBy: +Prathamesh Patel +; individualCount: +6 +; sex: +6 females +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceStatus: present; Taxon: scientificNameID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; taxonomicStatus: accepted; Location: locationID: 853155; continent: Asia; country: +India +; countryCode: IN; stateProvince: Gujarat; locality: +Pariyer +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; decimalLatitude: +22.56 +; decimalLongitude: +72.954 +; Identification: identifiedBy: Siddharth Kulkarni; identificationReferences: Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Thorell, T. (1877); Morphological and phylogenetic atlas of the orb-weaving spider family Tetragnathidae. +Alvarez-Padilla +, F.; Event: samplingProtocol: +visual searching +; eventDate: +2014-07-09 +; year: 2014; month: 7; day: 9; habitat: Low grass; eventRemarks: post monsoon; Record Level: type: specimen; institutionID: Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai; collectionID: Spider; institutionCode: +BNHS +; collectionCode: +Sp. +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BNHS Sp. 154-157 +; occurrenceRemarks: live in its orb web; recordedBy: +Atul Vartak +; individualCount: +4 +; sex: +4 females +; lifeStage: +adult +; occurrenceStatus: present; Taxon: scientificNameID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); nomenclaturalCode: ICZN; taxonomicStatus: accepted; Location: continent: Asia; country: +India +; stateProvince: Maharashtra; locality: +Boisar +; verbatimCoordinateSystem: decimal degrees; decimalLatitude: +19.8 +; decimalLongitude: +72.75 +; Identification: identifiedBy: Siddharth Kulkarni; identificationReferences: Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Thorell, T. (1877); Morphological and phylogenetic atlas of the orb-weaving spider family Tetragnathidae. +Alvarez-Padilla +, F.; Event: samplingProtocol: +visual searching +; eventDate: +2014-10-10 +; year: 2014; month: 10; day: 10; habitat: Low grass; eventRemarks: post monsoon; Record Level: type: specimen; institutionID: Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai; collectionID: Spider; institutionCode: +BNHS +; collectionCode: +Sp. +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +C.L and P.R. Deeleman +; individualCount: +5 +; sex: +4 females +, +1 juvenile +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: NORTH SULAWESI; locality: +(Palu) Lore Lindu Res +; Event: eventDate: +07/23/1982 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +C.L and P.R. Deeleman +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +1 Female +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: SUMATRA; locality: +20 km east of Medan +; Event: eventDate: +01/07/2001 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman +; individualCount: +2 +; sex: +1 male +, +1 juvenile +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: SUMATRA; locality: +Mount Singalang +; Event: eventDate: +07/10/1994 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +leg. Preston +; individualCount: +2 +; sex: +1 male +, +1 female +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: SULAWESI; locality: +Tangkoko +; Event: eventDate: +02/26/1997 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +leg. Preston-Mafham +; individualCount: +21 +; sex: +15 females +, +6 juveniles +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: BALI; locality: +Ambengan +; Event: eventDate: +03/19/1990 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman and leg. Suh. Djojosudharmo +; individualCount: +4 +; sex: +3 females +, +1 juvenile +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: SUMBAWA BESAR; locality: +Samokat, 20 km west +; Event: eventDate: +01/03/1990 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Leg. M.v.D. Putten +; individualCount: +3 +; sex: +3 juveniles +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: WEST IRIAN; locality: +Sorong +; Event: eventDate: +08/05/1984 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman and leg. Suh. Djojosudharmo +; individualCount: +3 +; sex: +2 females +, +1 juvenile +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: WEST SUMATRA; locality: +Mount Singalang +; Event: eventDate: +10/19-07-1994 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +P.R. Deeleman +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +1 male +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: EAST KALIMANTAN; locality: +Sepaku +; Event: eventDate: +07/13/1979 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman +; individualCount: +3 +; sex: +3 females +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: BALI; locality: +Ambengan +; Event: eventDate: +01/20/1990 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman +; individualCount: +1 +; sex: +1 female +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: AMBON; locality: +Hila Garden +; Event: eventDate: +01/30/1995 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman and leg. Suh. Djojoosudharmo +; individualCount: +3 +; sex: +1 male +, +2 females +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: WEST.SUMATRA; locality: +Mount Singalang +; Event: eventDate: +07/12/1994 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +Deeleman and leg. Suh. Djojoosudharmo +; individualCount: +12 +; sex: +3 males +, +9 females +; Taxon: taxonID: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:014401; scientificName: Tyloridastriata; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Arachnida; order: Araneae; family: Tetragnathidae; genus: Tylorida; taxonRank: species; scientificNameAuthorship: (Thorell, 1877); Location: continent: Asia; country: +Indonesia +; countryCode: IDN; stateProvince: NORTH BALI; locality: +Ambengan +; Event: eventDate: +01/09/1990 +; Record Level: type: Specimen; institutionID: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden; institutionCode: +RMNH +; collectionCode: +Arachnida +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Description +Syntypes (Fig. 1) (examined by Siddharth Kulkarni). Two adult females, undissected epigyna, abdomen detached from cephalothorax; abdomen of one female damaged right laterally. Measurements of one syntype. Total length 5.36, carapace 2.03, 1.60 wide, abdomen 2.74 long, 3.14 high. +Carapace brown, sternum and legs fawn; trichobothrial sockets on proximal quarter length of femora IV. Abdomen yellowish brown with shiny guanine patches lined from apex towards ventral side, as also seen in live specimen (Fig. 2). Abdomen globose, roughly triangular in lateral view with two small tubercles at apex. Epigynal plate flat, 1.5 times wider than long, coils of fertilization ducts seen translucently (Fig. 1c). +Dissected epigynum in other material shows, coiled and sclerotized fertilization and copulatory ducts, parallel just before joining spermatheca (Fig. 3). + +Remarks + +The female length of +T. striata +per taxonomic literature and examined specimens ranges between 3.2-5.5 mm (Suppl. material 1). + +Alvarez-Padilla +and Hormiga (2011) + +reported average size of female as 10 mm which is an error (pers. comm. Fernando +Alvarez-Padilla +). + + + +Synonymy + +Original description of +T. stellimicans +by +Simon (1885) +mentioned 'excessivement voisine' (extremely close) to +T. striata +distinguished +T. stellimicans +on the basis of arrangement and size of eyes. This description is of sub-adult +T. striata +where eye dimensions vary and ventral side of abdomen including epigynal plate surface is blackish. Also, wide distribution of +T. striata +including locality region of +T. stellimicans +and apparent absence of records elsewhere of +T. stellimicans +; we propose +T. stellimicans +as synonym of +T. striata +. + + + + +Taxon discussion + +Dimitrov et al. (2008) +stated the location of type material was uncertain and possibly in the Natural History Museum of the city of Geneva based on unpublished notes of Levi. The type(s) of +T. striata +are not there and none of +Thorell's +types have been deposited in Geneva (pers. comm. Peter Schwendinger, Curator, Natural History Museum, Geneva). There is likely to be confusion between Geneva (Switzerland) and Genoa (Italy) due to similar spellings and pronunciation. Many of +Thorell's +types have been deposited at Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova (also known as the Natural History Museum of Giacomo Doria, Genoa). The existence of two syntypes collected by O. Beccari in 1874 from Kandari, Indonesia was confirmed (Fig. 1d) at this museum in Genoa. +Thorell (1877) +mentions collection of three females, but only two were found in the vial labelled as +'Cotypi' +and one remaining specimen is missing. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D4/E0/16D4E0A8A465029BBAAF3090D1DD3ED5.xml b/data/16/D4/E0/16D4E0A8A465029BBAAF3090D1DD3ED5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a508d722419 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D4/E0/16D4E0A8A465029BBAAF3090D1DD3ED5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ + + + +Order Artiodactyla + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +637 +722 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +moupinensis +Milne-Edwards 1871 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +acrocranius +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +chirodontus +Heude 1888 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +chirodonticus +Heude 1899 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +collinus +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +curtidens +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +dicrurus +Heude 1888 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +flavescens +Heude 1899 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +frontosus +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +laticeps +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +leucorhinus +Heude 1888 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +melas +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +microdontus +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +oxyodontus +Heude 1888 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +paludosus +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +palustris +Heude 1888 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +planiceps +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +scrofoides +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +spatharius +Heude 1892 + +; + +Sus scrofa +subsp. +taininensis +Heude 1888 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D5/17/16D5175AF4CEEBE0C602509D4A5533A6.xml b/data/16/D5/17/16D5175AF4CEEBE0C602509D4A5533A6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2403f34c4a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D5/17/16D5175AF4CEEBE0C602509D4A5533A6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + + + +Keys to the blow flies of Taiwan, with a checklist of recorded species and the description of a new species of Paradichosia Senior-White (Diptera, Calliphoridae) + + + +Author + +Yang, Shih-Tsai + + + +Author + +Kurahashi, Hiromu + + + +Author + +Shiao, Shiuh-Feng + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +434 + + +57 +109 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.434.7540 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.434.7540 +1313-2970-434-57 +FD21DB91B5384F7A8BE48E9777F17CE9 +FD21DB91B5384F7A8BE48E9777F17CE9 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Calliphoridae + + + + +Bellardia menechma ( +Seguy +, 1934) + + + + +Materials. +1♂, Hualien Hsien, Juisui, 11.xi.1985, K. Kanmiya (NSMT); 1♂, Chihpen, 10.vi.1972, R. Kano (NSMT); 7♂ 6♀, Juisui, 10-11.xi.1985, K. Kanmiya (NSMT); 2♀, Chihpen, 10.vi.1973, H. M. Lin (IDD); 2♀, Fenchifu, 1,405 m, 2.xi.1985, M. Iwasa (IDD); 1♀, Taichung Hsien, Chichiawanchi, Huanshan, 6.xi.1985, K. Kanmiya (IDD). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D5/A4/16D5A4347AC23C9DB75A9F408134AEE4.xml b/data/16/D5/A4/16D5A4347AC23C9DB75A9F408134AEE4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c34a72ca2dd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D5/A4/16D5A4347AC23C9DB75A9F408134AEE4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Bathythrix thomsoni (Kerrich, 1942) + + + + +Thysiotorus thomsoni +Kerrich, 1942 + + +corsicator +(Aubert, 1961, +Panargyrops +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D6/0F/16D60F50EE236FEB13A1B47EEE64F800.xml b/data/16/D6/0F/16D60F50EE236FEB13A1B47EEE64F800.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4b0c2cd802e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D6/0F/16D60F50EE236FEB13A1B47EEE64F800.xml @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Kristotomus laticeps (Gravenhorst, 1829) + + + + +Tryphon laticeps +Gravenhorst, 1829 + + + +Distribution +England + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D6/81/16D681D0A1810C1B4BA7B3AD09E89019.xml b/data/16/D6/81/16D681D0A1810C1B4BA7B3AD09E89019.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..43c83783849 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D6/81/16D681D0A1810C1B4BA7B3AD09E89019.xml @@ -0,0 +1,161 @@ + + + +The ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of the Strandzha Mountain and adjacent coastal territories (Bulgaria and Turkey) + + + +Author + +Kostova, Rumyana + + + +Author + +Gueorguiev, Borislav + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8135 +8135 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8135 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8135 +1314-2828-4-8135 + + + + +Gynandromorphus etruscus etruscus (Quensel, 1806) + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +R. Kostova +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Varovnik Vill., near the bridge at Fakiiska River +; verbatimElevation: +125 +; verbatimCoordinates: +N42°13'33.7" +, +E27°11'33.7" +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate: +09/06/2009 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +R. Kostova +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Bulgari Vill., PA "Marina reka" +; verbatimElevation: +172 +; verbatimCoordinates: +N42°06'41.7" +, +E27°45'53.0" +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate: +11/06/2009 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +R. Kostova +; individualCount: +3 +; Location: countryCode: TR; locality: + +Kiyikoey +surroundings + +; verbatimElevation: +38 +; verbatimCoordinates: +N41°39'25.7" +, +E28°05'11.2" +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate: +24/05/2010 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +R. Kostova +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Kosti Vill., "St. Ilia" Place +; verbatimElevation: +35 +; verbatimCoordinates: +N42°03'23.2" +, +E27°45'51.6" +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventDate: +09.06-02.07.2009 +; habitat: meadow with single trees + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: + +J. +Maran +& K. Taborsky + +; individualCount: +1 +; Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Maslen nos Cape +; Event: eventDate: +VI.1933 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +NMP + + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Kiten +; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke & Wrase (1988: 113) + + +Type status: +Other material +. Location: countryCode: BG; locality: +Ropotamo +; Record Level: bibliographicCitation: Hieke & Wrase (1988: 113) + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D6/A1/16D6A131B366507A8D647617FF251663.xml b/data/16/D6/A1/16D6A131B366507A8D647617FF251663.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..68f9623b51b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D6/A1/16D6A131B366507A8D647617FF251663.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Documenting Mantodea species in South African museum collections and an updated species list + + + +Author + +Greyvenstein, Bianca +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-7113 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa +biagrey90@gmail.com + + + +Author + +van den Berg, Johnnie +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + + + +Author + +du Plessis, Hannalene +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-1468 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-12 + + +11 + + +102637 +102637 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 +1314-2828-11-e102637 +3B9B180709505F42978AE78376216E5C + + + + +Antistia parva Beier, 1953 + + + +Distribution +NAM + + +Notes +ID: Dep. M. Beier 1952 & A. Kaltenbach 1989. (DNMNH) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D6/C0/16D6C004841C5B7A9831658786522F6A.xml b/data/16/D6/C0/16D6C004841C5B7A9831658786522F6A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76ac3701078 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D6/C0/16D6C004841C5B7A9831658786522F6A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Nomenclatural changes in Coleus and Plectranthus (Lamiaceae): a tale of more than two genera + + + +Author + +Paton, Alan J. + + + +Author + +Mwanyambo, Montfort + + + +Author + +Govaerts, Rafael H. A. + + + +Author + +Smitha, Kokkaraniyil + + + +Author + +Suddee, Somran + + + +Author + +Phillipson, Peter B. + + + +Author + +Wilson, Trevor C. + + + +Author + +Forster, Paul I. + + + +Author + +Culham, Alastair + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2019 + +129 + + +1 +158 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988 +1314-2003-129-1 +BF57C6B3C3065AEE9B4B3D47189C908F +3382366 + + + + +Plectranthus praetermissus Codd, Fl. Pl. Africa 45: t. 1791 1979 + + + + +Plectranthus praetermissus +Codd, Fl. Pl. Africa 45: t. 1791. 1979. Type: South Africa, Port St Johns, Stutterrhiem sub PRE 57330 (holotype: PRE). + + + +Distribution. +South Africa: SE. Cape Prov. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D7/11/16D711CBAEF35C6289989BC3C546D59D.xml b/data/16/D7/11/16D711CBAEF35C6289989BC3C546D59D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c893e68bf2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D7/11/16D711CBAEF35C6289989BC3C546D59D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ + + + +Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies + + + +Author + +Moore, Matthew R. +Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 - 0620, USA + + + +Author + +Jameson, Mary L. +Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS 67260 - 0026, USA +maryliz.jameson@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Garner, Beulah H. +Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK + + + +Author + +Audibert, Cedric +Musee des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13 A Rue Bancel, F- 69007 Lyon, France + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. +Research Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada + + + +Author + +Seidel, Matthias + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +2017-04-06 + + +666 + + +1 +349 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.666.9191 +1313-2970-666-1 +B3C377E8BBB14F328AECA2C22D1E625A +C43EEB41A94B930FFE439D1FAD29FF9C +579453 + + + + +Pelidnota estebandurani estebandurani (Soula, 2006) + + + + +Strigidia estebandurani estebandurani +Soula, 2006: 12, 24-25 [original combination]. + + +Pelidnota estebandurani estebandurani +(Soula) [new combination by +Soula 2009 +: 115]. + + + +Distribution. + +COLOMBIA: Huila ( +Soula 2006 +). + + + +Types. + +The following specimens are deposited at CCECL. 1 ♂ holotype, 1 ♀ allotype, 1 ♂ paratype, 1 ♀ paratype: "Albania, Colombie 20-31/VII/1975//Holotype 2005 + +Strigidia estebandurani + +Sou. Soula det." (47030293); "Albania, Colombie 20-31/VII/1975//Allotype 2005 + +Strigidia estebandurani + +Sou. Soula det." (47030294); "Colombia Gigante Huila (parte alta cordillera)//Zona n˚3//Col. O. Rojas//Paratype 2005 + +Strigidia estebandurani + +Sou. Soula det." (47030296); "Gazon ( +sic +); 900 m 20/VII/1975 Colombie M. SOULA det 19//Paratype 2005 + +Strigidia estebandurani + +Soula Soula det." (47030295). Genitalia card-mounted underneath the male holotype, female allotype, and one male paratype. Box 4618658 SOULA. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D7/5A/16D75A5EB37670ACA8EEBBAD823D78AE.xml b/data/16/D7/5A/16D75A5EB37670ACA8EEBBAD823D78AE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ec65d345c78 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D7/5A/16D75A5EB37670ACA8EEBBAD823D78AE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + + +Seven new species of the Neotropical electric fish Gymnotus (Teleostei, Gymnotiformes) with a redescription of G. carapo (Linnaeus). + + + +Author + +James S. Albert + + + +Author + +William G. R. Crampton + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2003 + +287 + + +1 +54 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:19CA5B52-4CA5-45CC-A4C7-B234596A8470 + +journal article +z00287p001 + + + + +Gymnotus esmeraldas +n. sp. +Albert and Crampton + + + +(Fig. 5, Tables 2 and 3) + + + + +Holotype +: +MCZ +58729, 296 mm, collected 18 June, 1977, at Hoja Blanca nr. San Miguel, +Rios +Cayapas, +Rio +Esmeraldas drainage, +Ecuador +( +01°05'N +, +79°03'W +) by K. Miyata and A. Rankis. + + + + +Paratypes +: +MCZ +162745 (4), 200-309 mm; collected with holotype. + + + + + +Nontypes: 2 lots with 3 specimens, all collected in +Ecuador +. + +CAS +164103 (1), 355 mm, 01 December, 1949, nr. mouth of +Rio +Quinide, +Rio +Toachi, +Rio +Blanco, +Rio +Esmeraldas drainage. + + +FMNH +92041 (2), 229-288 mm, 31 July, 1974 nr. Station 16, +Rio +Palenque Biological Station, +Los Rios Department +, +Rio +Guayaquil drainage. + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Gymnotus esmeraldas +can be distinguished from all species of the +G. carapo +species-group except +G. bahianus +by the absence of alternating dark and light pigment bands on the anterior 80% of the body. Specimens in the type series of +G. esmeraldas +from the +Rio +Esmeraldas basin possess a unique speckled color pattern composed of irregular pale yellow or cream-colored patches interspersed on a dark brown ground color over most body and anal-fin surfaces, in which the pale pigment patches are about 2-3 scales in width and height. +Gymnotus esmeraldas +is most similar to +G. henni +n. sp. +(see below) from the +Rio +Calima on the Pacific Slope of Colombia, from which it can be distinguished by: 1, reticulated color pattern without bands on the majority of the body surface and without pale blotches on the head (vs. presence of 13-16 pigment bands and pale blotches on the head]; 2, body shape laterally compressed (BW 58-77% BD [mean 69%, n=8] vs. 77-87% [mean 80%, n=7]); 3, moderate number of pored lateral-line scales to first ventral ramus (PLR 51-54 [median 52, n=8] vs. 59-68 [median 62, n=7]). In addition to color differences, +G. esmeraldas +can be distinguished from +G.bahianus +by: 1, a more slender body (BD 8.2-9.8% HL [mean 8.8%, n=8] vs. 9.3-13.3% [mean 11.1, n=21]); 2, more pectoralfin rays (P1R 17-19 [mode 17, n=8] vs. 15-16 [mode 16, n=6]); 3, a longer preanal region (PA 82-98% HL [mean 92%, n=8] vs. 76-97% [mean 85%, n=22]); 4, elongate (vs. circular) scales (SAL 8-9 [mode 8, n=8] vs. 6-7 [mode 7, n=16]); and 5, broader electric organ with more rows of electroplates (CEP 4-5 [mode 5, n=8] vs. 3-4 [mode 4, n=6]). +Gymnotus esmeraldas +can further be distinguished from congeners by the unique combination of character states provided in Table 4. + + + +Description. Fig. 5 illustrates head and body shape and pigment patterns. Morphometric data in Table 2 and meristic data in Table 3. Size up to 309 mm. Size at reproductive maturity and sexual dimorphism unknown. Scales present on entire post-cranial portion of body from nape to caudal appendage. Scales above lateral line large, 8-9 to dorsal midline at midbody. Most scales on body moderately elongate, scales above lateral line at midbody approximately 2-3 times as long as deep, their proportional elongation increasing with body size. Gape size in mature specimens large, extending to or beyond posterior nares. Mouth position superior, rictus decurved. Eye position below horizontal with front of mouth. Anterior narial pore partially or entirely included within gape. Circumorbital series ovoid. Caudal appendage short, less 0.5 times length of pectoral fin. Single hypaxial electric organ, extending along entire ventral margin of body. Electric organ discharge not known. Many osteological features not known due to paucity of specimens for clearing and staining; some character states were determined from radiographs. Dorsoposterior laterosensory ramus of preopercle with two superficial pores. Displaced hemal spines absent. Multiple anal-fin ray branching posterior to rays 10-17. Length of anal-fin pterygiophores equal to or longer than hemal spines. +Color in alcohol. Ground color of body pale brown with slight countershading, and chromatophores concentrated along dorsum near midline. Body with 6-10 very irregular dark bands with wavy margins or broken to blotches restricted to the posterior 20% of body. Pigment bands not apparent on anterior 80% of post-cranial body, coloration composed here of irregularly distributed pigment patches in a reticulate pattern of cream-colored and dark brown areas over body and anal-fin surfaces. Pigment patches about 2-4 scale-diameters across, with dark and light patches summing to approximately equal total surface areas in region over hypaxial musculature. +Head ground-color dark chocolate dorsally, without blotches, pale yellow ventrally. Dark regions on dorsal surface of head composed of numerous dark brown chromatophores with even pigment densities. Branchiostegal membranes and ventral surface of head almost without pigments. Pectoral-fin interradial membranes dusky or hyaline. Color of anal-fin membrane graded along body axis, from light brown or hyaline anteriorly to dark brown or black posteriorly, with short, obliquely oriented hyaline and dark stripes near fin base in posterior-most region. + + + +Distribution. Known from two river basins on Pacific Slope of Ecuador; the +Rio +Esmeraldas and +Rio +Palenque +, Guayaquil basin (Fig. 4). + + + +Common name. Unknown. + +Etymology. Specific epithet in allusion to the +Rio +Esmeraldas. A noun in apposition. + + + + +Remarks. Specimens referred to +G. esmeraldas +from the +Rio +Guayaquil basin are uniformly dark brown (without speckles or reticulated pattern). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D7/B8/16D7B8FDA5DEED88E780AA0E15D45797.xml b/data/16/D7/B8/16D7B8FDA5DEED88E780AA0E15D45797.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f18a4630a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D7/B8/16D7B8FDA5DEED88E780AA0E15D45797.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +Three new species of Fancy Case caterpillars from threatened forests of Hawaii (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae, Hyposmocoma) + + + +Author + +Kawahara, Akito Y. + + + +Author + +Rubinoff, Daniel + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +170 + + +1 +20 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.170.1428 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.170.1428 +1313-2970-170-1 + + + + +Hyposmocoma auropurpurea Walsingham, 1907 +Figs 11118 + + + +Diagnosis. + +This species is unique among species of +Hyposmocoma +because it has metallic purple wings with a narrow, diagonal orange band near the wing apex. + + + +Re-description. +Male. (n = 2; Fig 1). Forewing length 4.8-5.0 mm.Head with a mixture of copper and metallic purple colored scales arranged radially from compound eye. Haustellum with light brown scales. Maxillary palpus reduced. Labial palpus curved with copper and metallic purple colored scales, scale color similar on all surfaces of palpus. Antenna brown with a mosaic of metallic purple scales. Thorax mostly copper; dark brown/purple scales present along anterior margin. Foreleg coxa with brown and metallic purple scales; femur, tibia, and tarsomeres mostly dark brown. Midleg as foreleg, but spurs covered in a mixture of dark and light-brown scales. Hindleg as midleg, but longer with long hairs on dorsal margin of tibia. Forewing metallic with a narrow diagonal orange band near wing apex. Diffuse orange patch in proximal region of FW along anal margin. Fringe orange and brown/metallic purple, longer scales tending to be brown/metallic purple, shorter ones orange. Hindwing brown with brown fringe. Abdomen dorsally dark brown; ventrally metallic brown/purple, with tuft of long dark brown scales covering lateral surface of genitalia. + + +Figures 1-6. Purse-cased +Hyposmocoma +. 1 +Hyposmocoma auropurpurea +, male2 +Hyposmocoma inversella +, male. 3 +Hyposmocoma ipohapuu +sp. n.holotype male 4 +Hyposmocoma makawao +sp. n.holotype male 5 +Hyposmocoma nebulifera +, male 6 +Hyposmocoma tantala +sp. n.holotypefemale. In order to examine genitalia, the abdomen of each was removed after photographs were taken. Scale bar = 5 mm. + + +Male genitalia (Fig. 11).Right brachium of uncus sickle shaped and curved at 1/2, tapering gradually, heavily sclerotized. Left brachium small, not sclerotized. Tegumen wide and sclerotized. Valvae roughly symmetrical, two long thin setae arising from approximately 2/3 length along dorsal margin of both valvae. Dense row of fine, hair-like setae disposed comblike along inner ventral margin of valva. Phallus stout, heavily sclerotized, open ventrally, tapered, and bent ventrad at about 1/2 of length; vesica without spines or cornuti. Anellus with two symmetrical rounded lobes with short setae. +Female. (n = 4). Externally as male, forewing length 5.2-5.5 mm. +Female genitalia. (Fig 18). Papillae anales very short and setose. Anterior and posterior apophyses slender, long, posterior apophyses about same length as anterior apophyses. Ostium bursae small, heavily sclerotized, externally protruding, roughly triangular, not snail-shaped. Corpus bursae oval and elongate, with very light scobination; signum absent. Ductus bursae long and narrow, slightly twisted, about equal in length of corpus bursae. Apical margin of tergum VIII with median emargination. +Larval case (n = 7).Dark brown, smooth, 7-9 mm in length and 1.7-2 mm wide. + + +Material examined. + +(2♂, 4♀). 1♂, 1♀: HI: Oahu, Waianae Range, Palikea trail, +"purse" +case 15-I-09, em. 23-III-2009, #DR09A3I, coll. P. Schmitz, D. Rubinoff, W. Haines, J. Eiben. 1♂, 1♀: HI: Oahu, Waianae Mountains, Palikea area, ~ elev. 850 on +Pittosporum +sp. leaves, 23-X-2009, em. 22-I-2010, #DR09J1A, coll. P. Krushelnycky. 1♀: HI: Oahu, Waianae Mountains, Palikea area, ~elev. 850 m, 5-XI-2009, em. 28-I-2010, #DR09K1A, coll. P. Krushelnycky. 1♀: HI: Oahu, South Waianae Mountains, Palikea area, 800-925 m, 30-III to 8-IV-2010, em 15-V-2010, #DR10C7B, coll. P. Krushelnychy and OANRP staff. All specimens from the UHIM. + + + +Specimens sequenced. +Eight specimens from Oahu, Hawaii, USA (UH log numbers DR09A3I (1), DR09J1A (3), DR09K1A (2), DR10C17B (2)), extraction codes DN1202, DN1219, DN1262, DN1315, DN1328, DN1329, DN1330, and DN1331. + + +Biology. + +Case-making larvae were collected from October to April. Larvae were typically found in leaf litter, but in some cases were found on leaves such as +Pittosporum +sp. ( +Pittosporaceae +). + + + +Distribution. +Known only from the Waianae Mountain Range, Oahu. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D7/D4/16D7D4BEB640159D0373A0E86B2A7A0A.xml b/data/16/D7/D4/16D7D4BEB640159D0373A0E86B2A7A0A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9a6dd9bceb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D7/D4/16D7D4BEB640159D0373A0E86B2A7A0A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,323 @@ + + + +Systematic position of Eulachnus cembrae Boerner with description of hitherto unknown sexual morphs of E. pumilae Inouye (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Lachninae) + + + +Author + +Kanturski, Mariusz +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-1028 +Zoology Department, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40 - 007 Katowice, Poland +kanturski.m@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Wieczorek, Karina +Zoology Department, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Bankowa 9, 40 - 007 Katowice, Poland + +text + + +Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift + + +2014 + +2014-10-24 + + +61 + + +2 + + +123 +132 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8048 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8048 +1860-1324-2-123 +9D0F7DEA4421421DB2AABCDC2F9256D6 +54A4937FDBCA5E28BDE4F8D333DD5878 +575711 + + + + + + +Eulachnus cembrae +Boerner + +Figs 2 +, 3b, d + + + + + +Eulachnus +cembrae + + +Boerner +1950 + +: 2, by original designation + + + +Redescription. + +Oviparous female +(Fig. +2 +; Table +1 +, +2 +). Colour in life unknown. Pigmentation of mounted specimens: head, thorax and abdomen pale or yellowish. Antennae light-brown, except ant. segm. I, which is pale at base and light-brown at apex or antennae uniformly yellowish-brown. Fore and middle femora yellow with darker ends. Hind femora yellow or light brown with paler anterior part. Fore and middle tibiae yellow or light-brown. Hind tibiae brown. Tarsi brown. Siphuncular sclerite brown. Body elongated, oval (Fig. +2a +). Head with big compound eyes, without triommatidia. Head width 0.29-0.40 times length of antennae. Head chaetotaxy: dorsal side with 9-10, ventral side with 12 blunt setae, 0.012-0.095 mm long. Head setae arising from wart-like bases. Antennae 6-segmented (Fig. +2b, c +) 0.49-0.57 times length of body. Ant. segm. III (Fig. +2b +) shorter than segm. IV+V+VI with smooth proximal part and imbricated apex. Ant. segm. IV (Fig. +2b +) shorter than ant. segm. V. Ant. segm. V (Fig. +2c +) longer than ant. segm. VI, with 1 rounded or oval primary rhinarium at apex with well-developed sclerotic rosette with smooth edge. Ant. segm. VI (Fig. +2c +) with very short VIb, 0.16-0.22 times VIa. VIa with 1 rounded or oval primary rhinarium with little sclerotic rosette and 5-6 accessory rhinaria situated close to each other in about +3/4 +of length of segment. One of them much bigger, with very well-developed sclerotic rosette surrounded by 1 medium sized and 2-3 small other ones. Ant. segm. IV-VI imbricated on whole length. Other antennal ratios: VI:III 0.51-0.57, V:III 0.59-0.66, IV:III 0.38-0.53. Antennal chaetotaxy: segm. I with 4-6 setae, segm. II with 4-5 setae, segm. III with 17-23 setae, segm. IV with 6-9 setae, segm. V with 8-11 setae, segm. VI with 6-7 basal, 6 apical and without subapical setae. Ant. segm. III-IV with short, blunt or spatulate setae (Fig. +2b +). Ant. segm. VI with short and pointed setae. Setae shorter than diameter of segments, longest seta on ant. segm. III 0.56-0.66 times BD III. Rostrum short, reaching behind hind coxae. ARS blunt, with very short apical part (Fig. +2d +), 0.18-0.20 times ant. segm. III, 0.33-0.37 times ant. segm. VI and 0.35-0.41 times HT II, with 6 primary and without accessory setae. Dorsal side of thorax covered by short, 0.007-0.02 mm long blunt setae. Some setae on meso- and metanotum may arise from scleroites. Hind legs long, covered by slightly blunt setae, which are as long as or slightly longer than width of tibiae. Hind tibiae (Fig. +2e +) slightly swollen, with 32-58 irregular pseudosensoria which are reaching mostly to half of length of tibiae. Basal length of HT I 0.30-0.33 times dorsal length, 0.23-0.24 times ventral length and 0.70-0.92 times intersegmental length, with 2 dorsal and 12 ventral, pointed setae (Fig. +2f +). HT II 0.48-0.55 times length of ant. segm. III and 0.90-1.00 ant. segm. VI. Dorsal side of abdomen membranous. Abd. segm. I-VI without sclerites and scleroites (Fig. +2a +). Abd. segm. I-VI with few, very short slightly blunt dorsal setae, 0.015-0.025 mm long. Abd. segm. VII and VIII with slightly longer and pointed dorsal setae, 0.035-0.062 mm. Setae on abd. segm. VII and VIII arising from oval scleroites. Siphunculi very low with a narrow cone-shaped base. Subgenital fig in the middle subdivided. Cauda broadly rounded with numerous long, fine and pointed setae and very short spinules. + + + +Figure 2. + +Eulachnus cembrae + +- oviparous female: +(a) +general view, +(b) +antennal segments I-IV, +(c) +antennal segments V and VI, +(d) +apical segment of rostrum, +(e) +hind tibia, +(f) +hind tarsus. Alate male: +(g) +head, +(h) +antennal segments I-IV, +(i) +antennal segments V and VI, +(j) +apical segment of rostrum, +(k) +hind tarsus, +(l) +abdomen. + + + + +Redescription. + +Alate male +(Figs +2 +, +3b, d +; Table +1 +, +3 +). Colour in life unknown. Pigmentation of mounted specimens: head and thorax sclerotized, yellow or brown. Antennae light brown with ant. segm. I, II and proximal part of segm. III pale. Legs yellow to light brown with darker apices of femora and sometimes darker tibiae. Tarsi dark. Wings pale with light brown veins and brownish pterostigma. Abdomen pale with light brown sclerites and scleroites. Siphuncular sclerites and genitalia brown. Body elongated, oval. Head (Fig. +2g +) with big and very well-de +veloped +compound eyes, without triommatidia and with 3 well-developed ocelli. Head width 0.23-0.24 times length of antennae. Head chaetotaxy: dorsal side with 11, ventral side with 10 blunt setae, 0.045-0.075 mm long. Head setae arising from well-developed and light brown, oval scleroites. Antennae (Fig. +2h, i +) 6-segmented, 0.78-0.81 times length of body. Ant. segm. III (Fig. +2h +) shorter than segm. IV+V+VI, with 80-120 secondary rhinaria. Ant. segm. IV (Fig. +2h +) shorter than ant. segm. V, with 29-42 secondary rhinaria. Ant. segm. V (Fig. +2i +) longer than ant. segm. VI, with 1 rounded primary rhinarium at apex, with little developed sclerotic rosette and 23-38 secondary rhinaria. All secondary rhinaria on ant. segm. III-V small and rounded, situated on whole length and surface of segment. Ant. segm. VI (Fig. +2i +) with short VIb, 0.19-0.24 times VIa, with 1 rounded or oval primary rhinarium with little sclerotic rosette, 4-5 accessory rhinaria situated close to each other in about ⅔ of length of segment and 4-10 small and rounded secondary rhinaria, situated behind VIa. Other antennal ratios: VI:III 0.45-0.51, V:III 0.60-0.71, IV:III 0.50-0.62. Antennal chaetotaxy: segm. I with 4-5 setae, segm. II with 5-6 setae, segm. III with 14-17 setae, segm. IV with 6-11 setae, segm. V with 12-15 setae, segm. VI with 6-7 basal, 5-6 apical and without subapical setae. Ant. segm. III-IV with short, blunt or spatulate setae. Ant. segm. VI with short and pointed setae. Longest seta on ant. segm. III 0.62-0.67 times BD III. Rostrum reaching meso- or metasternum. ARS blunt, with very short apical part (Fig. +2j +), 0.12-0.14 times ant. segm. III, 0.27-0.29 times ant. segm. VI and 0.32-0.40 times HT II, with 6 primary and without accessory setae. Dorsal side of thorax covered by fine and pointed setae, 0.012-0.025 mm long. Media with 1 fork. Hind legs long, covered by blunt and pointed setae, not longer than width of tibiae. Basal length of HT I 0.26-0.31 times dorsal, 0.21-0.23 times ventral and 0.68-0.80 times intersegmental length, with 2 dorsal +and +14 ventral, pointed setae (Fig. +2k +). HT II 0.35-0.38 times length of ant. segm. III and 0.72-0.83 ant. segm. VI. Dorsal side of abdomen membranous with pointed setae, on abd. segm. I-VI 0.017-0.025 mm long, on segm. VII- VIII 0.032-0.052 mm long. Spinal setae arranged in two pairs on each segment arising from oval scleroites (Fig. +2l +). Siphunculi very low with narrow cone-shaped base. Abd. segm. VI and VII sclerotised on whole surface. Cauda broadly rounded with numerous long, fine and pointed setae and very short spinules. Parameres present, located above basal part of phallus, clearly visible, basally fused. Their lobate parts, capitate in shape, arise into distinct, forceps-like projection toward base of phallus. Parameres dark pigmented, with numerous long setae on entire surface. Basal part of phallus club-shaped, brown, with few short setae in middle part. Sclerotized arms clearly visible, strongly sclerotized, dark pigmented. Proximal part robust and ends in triangular apex, distal part thinner. Sclerotized arms form upper half-circle-shaped structure that surrounds genital area (Fig. +3b, d +). + + + +Figure 3. +External male genitalia of + +Eulachnus pumilae + +(a, c) +and + +Eulachnus cembrae + +(b, d): +bp -basal part of phallus with sclerotized arms consists of short proximal (solid arrow), long distal (dotted arrow) part and upper half-circle-shaped structure that surrounds the genital area (arrow-head), P - parameres, C - cauda. + + + + +Host plants. + + +Pinus cembra + +( +Binazzi 1978 +, +1984 +; + +Boerner +1950 + +, +1952 +; + +Boerner +and Franz 1956 + +; +Barbagallo and Patti 1994 +; +Chumak 2004 +; +Heinze 1962 +; +Kanturski and Wieczorek 2014 +; + +Pasek +1952 + +, +1954 +; +Pintera 1968 +; +Roberti 1993 +; +Szelegiewicz 1962a +, +1962b +, +1968 +, +1978 +; +Tashev 1985 +), + +Pinus peuce + +( +Tashev 1985 +), + +Pinus strobus + +( +Chumak 2004 +). + + + +Distribution. + +Austria ( + +Boerner +1950 + +, +1952 +; + +Boerner +and Franz 1956 + +; +Heinze 1962 +; +Pintera 1968 +), Bulgaria ( +Tashev 1985 +), Italy ( +Barbagallo and Patti 1994 +; +Binazzi 1978 +, +1984 +; +Roberti 1993 +), France (MNHN collection), Poland ( +Szelegiewicz 1962a +, +1962b +, +1968 +, +1978 +; +Kanturski and Wieczorek 2014 +), Slovakia ( + +Pasek +1952 + +, +1954 +), Switzerland (BMNH collection, MZLU collection), Ukraine ( +Chumak 2004 +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D8/0C/16D80C86C195D02F719C4617E20C5229.xml b/data/16/D8/0C/16D80C86C195D02F719C4617E20C5229.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3cc76b5b3a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D8/0C/16D80C86C195D02F719C4617E20C5229.xml @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828--8013 + + + + + +Anagrus obscurus +Foerster +, 1861 + + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes +Added by Triapitsyn and Berezovskiy (2004) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D8/1E/16D81E00F90A5EB602D4BC456019C571.xml b/data/16/D8/1E/16D81E00F90A5EB602D4BC456019C571.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8342acbe249 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D8/1E/16D81E00F90A5EB602D4BC456019C571.xml @@ -0,0 +1,66 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828-4-8151 + + + + + +Helconini +Foerster +, 1863 + + + + +Notes + +Much distribution and taxonomic data from +Achterberg (1987) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D8/52/16D8523ABDCC19EA0CB7F4D2564E5152.xml b/data/16/D8/52/16D8523ABDCC19EA0CB7F4D2564E5152.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..400bea6491b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D8/52/16D8523ABDCC19EA0CB7F4D2564E5152.xml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + + +Limerodes arctiventris ( +Schiodte +, 1839) + + + + + +Ichneumon arctiventris +Schiodte +, 1839 + + +arctiventris +(Boie, 1841, +Ichneumon +) + + +ophioniventris +Wesmael, 1845 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D8/98/16D898090D5C1714C880A982975D9C00.xml b/data/16/D8/98/16D898090D5C1714C880A982975D9C00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cd342f4604b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D8/98/16D898090D5C1714C880A982975D9C00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Prionailurus bengalensis +subsp. +javanensis +Desmarest 1816 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Prionailurus bengalensis +subsp. +anguliferus +Fitzinger 1868 + +; + +Prionailurus bengalensis +subsp. +javensis +Elliot 1882 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D9/13/16D913FAF74D863685978E9CB8187E92.xml b/data/16/D9/13/16D913FAF74D863685978E9CB8187E92.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..14b5f1265aa --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D9/13/16D913FAF74D863685978E9CB8187E92.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Necremnus tidius (Walker, 1839) + + + + +Eulophus tidius +Walker, 1839 + + +metanira +(Walker, 1839, +Eulophus +) + + +zeugma +(Walker, 1839, +Eulophus +) + + +mamurius +(Walker, 1848, +Eulophus +) + + +duplicatus +Gahan, 1941 + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes + +N. hippia +(Walker, 1839, +Eulophus +) was removed from synonymy under +N. tidius +by +Gebiola et al. (2015) +; there is no evidence that +N. hippia +has been recorded from Britain as Walker did not specify a type locality and only a +'var.' +was described as having being collected from near London, which is not equivalent to +N. hippia +sensu +Gebiola et al. (2015) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D9/25/16D9256C2E08C44FD79DE9EBA7AC307F.xml b/data/16/D9/25/16D9256C2E08C44FD79DE9EBA7AC307F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..83be9f25042 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D9/25/16D9256C2E08C44FD79DE9EBA7AC307F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +Rene Mauge's ornithological collections from Kupang Bay, West-Timor, Indonesia, August-November 1801, with special regard to type-specimens + + + +Author + +Jansen, Justin J. F. J. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands +justin.jansen@gmail.com + +text + + +Zoosystematics and Evolution + + +2017 + +2017-11-16 + + +93 + + +2 + + +467 +492 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.19964 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.19964 +1860-0743-2-467 +BF2CF2025D134B07AAC2274E93DA7527 +FF9CE05ECF612430340FFFA1B62A5A07 +1139700 + + + + +Cuculus variegatus Vieillot + + + + +Cuculus variegatus +Vieillot, 1817, + +Nouv. Dict. Nat. +ed + +. 8: 224 (Australasie). + + +Heteroscenes pallidus +(Latham, 1801). See +Mathews 1913 +: 154, +Hellmayr 1916 +: 110 and +Voisin and Voisin 1999 +: 392. - Now. + + + +Type materials. + +SYNTYPE: MNHN-ZO-MO-1997-1224 [MNHN A.C. 1954], immature, collected near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor ( +10°11'0"S +; +123°35'0"E +), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by +Rene +Mauge +. + + +Pedestal underside: + +Timor / M. +Mauge +/ 1954 / +Cacomantis pallidus +/ Lath. / +Cacomantis variegatus +/ Vieill + +. Type. Pedestal label: + +Cacomantis +Heteroscenes pallidus +/ Lath, / M. +Mauge +/ Timor + +. + + +SYNTYPE: MNHN-ZO-2014-426 [MNHN A.C. 1956], immature, collected near Kupang Bay, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, West-Timor ( +10°11'0"S +; +123°35'0"E +), between 22 August and 13 November 1801, by +Rene +Mauge +. + + +Pedestal underside: + +Timor / M. +Mauge +/ 1956 / +Cacomantis pallidus +/ Lath + +. Pedestal label: + +Cacomantis pallidus +/ (Lath.) / M. +Mauge +Timor + +. + + + +Comments. + +Vieillot does not mention the number of birds examined, but his description mentions both adults and immature birds, so clearly more birds were involved. He also does not mention which collection were used, but as most of the birds he examined for his contributions to the + +Nouveau Dictionnaire +d'Histoire +Naturelle + +(1816-19) were housed in the MNHN, it can safely be assumed that this is where he made his description. The MNHN specimens were catalogued around 1854 (MNHN Laboratory, ZMO-GalOis 1) and were the only specimens in the MNHN for a long time. They were followed by a bird collected on the + +L'Uranie + +voyage captained by Louis de Freycinet (1817-1820). The type locality is erroneous (Australasie), and therefore corrected and restricted to: West-Timor, near Kupang Bay (article 76a.2.A (ICZN 1999)). Vieillot named this species + +Cuculus variegatus + +or +'variegated' +( +Jobling 2017 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/D9/36/16D9360FDD0967FA487A0878E5DE5855.xml b/data/16/D9/36/16D9360FDD0967FA487A0878E5DE5855.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8acd63cba6b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/D9/36/16D9360FDD0967FA487A0878E5DE5855.xml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="C99AD37EA3244F77EE8DB27A581BA628" pageId="null" pageNumber="690" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="A3479E0085D955540439FB567D9A068D" pageId="null" pageNumber="690"> +<taxonomicName id="795FCED02F700D8F93E9C4AFBDE0B727" ID-CoL="8VXN4" ID-ENA="21024" authority="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="null" pageNumber="690" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus"> +<pageBreakToken id="9A91653D39E51BC8163B1B26ABA17484" pageId="null" pageNumber="690" start="start"> +<normalizedToken id="711E2F73FBEABFCC47006A2BF1B1552B" originalValue="Fágus" pageId="null" pageNumber="690">Fagus</normalizedToken> +</pageBreakToken> +L. +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="7D075461E094B4C0C718D1CE5A343A39" pageId="null" pageNumber="690" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="B2CF3ADB8527B417C385D41992CCD39A" pageId="null" pageNumber="690">Buche</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Baeume +. +Rinde des Stammes glatt +(wenn intensiver Sonnenstrahlung ausgesetzt, mit rauher Rinde), +gleichmaessig +grau. An den aufrechten Langtrieben +Blaetter +schraubig, an den horizontalen Trieben 2zeilig angeordnet, +sommergruen +. ♂ +Bluetenstaende +vielbluetig +, + +knaeuelig +, an langen Stielen +haengend + +, in Blattachseln, gleichzeitig mit den +Blaettern +erscheinend; Perigon 5-7teilig, in der untern +Haelfte +verwachsen, zottig behaart; +Staubblaetter +4-15; +rudimentaere +♀ +Bluetenteile +oft vorhanden. ♀ + +Bluetenstaende +2 +bluetig +, auf + ++/- + +aufrechtem, langem Stiel; beide +Blueten +gemeinsam von weichstachligem Fruchtbecher + +( +Cupula +) + +umgeben; Perigon mit 6 +Zaehnen + +, behaart, mit dem Fruchtknoten verwachsen; Fruchtknoten 3 +faecherig +, in jedem Fach 2 Samenanlagen. + +Frucht eine 3kantige +Nuβ + +, 1- oder 2samig. + +Fruchtbecher zur Fruchtreife 4klappig sich +oeffnend + +( + +2 +Nuesse +enthaltend + +). + + +Die Gattung + +Fagus + +umfasst + +12 Arten, die in den +gemaeβigten +Zonen der +noerdlichen +Hemisphaere +vorkommen + +(davon 7 Arten in Ostasien). In +Suedosteuropa +grenzt ans Verbreitungsgebiet von + +F. silvatica + +die +suedwestasiatische + +F. orientalis +Lipsky + +und am +Suedfuss +der Karpaten + +F. taurica +Popl. Verbreitungskarten + +der 12 Arten von Meusel (1964). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DA/E9/16DAE96434B40018EF3B243C564DCF20.xml b/data/16/DA/E9/16DAE96434B40018EF3B243C564DCF20.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e1e8bc57264 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DA/E9/16DAE96434B40018EF3B243C564DCF20.xml @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + +A DNA barcode-assisted annotated checklist of the spider (Arachnida, Araneae) communities associated to white oak woodlands in Spanish National Parks + + + +Author + +Crespo, Luis C + + + +Author + +Domenech, Marc + + + +Author + +Enguidanos, Alba + + + +Author + +Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba + + + +Author + +Cardoso, Pedro + + + +Author + +Moya-Larano, Jordi + + + +Author + +Frias-Lopez, Cristina + + + +Author + +Macias-Hernandez, Nuria + + + +Author + +De Mas, Eva + + + +Author + +Mazzuca, Paola + + + +Author + +Mora, Elisa + + + +Author + +Opatova, Vera + + + +Author + +Planas, Enric + + + +Author + +Ribera, Carles + + + +Author + +Roca-Cusachs, Marcos + + + +Author + +Ruiz, Dolores + + + +Author + +Sousa, Pedro + + + +Author + +Tonzo, Vanina + + + +Author + +Arnedo, Miquel A. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +29443 +29443 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e29443 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e29443 +1314-2828--29443 + + + + +Clubiona neglecta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Location: locationID: P4; continent: Europe; country: +Spain +; countryCode: ES; stateProvince: Castilla y +Leon +; county: +Leon +; locality: +El Canto +; verbatimElevation: +943.48 +; decimalLatitude: +43.17227 +; decimalLongitude: +-4.90857 +; geodeticDatum: WGS84; Event: eventID: 1; samplingProtocol: +Sweeping +; eventTime: Night + + + + +Distribution +Palearctic + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DA/F8/16DAF8BD4FE83AF746978351551682DF.xml b/data/16/DA/F8/16DAF8BD4FE83AF746978351551682DF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d70ea8a1d90 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DA/F8/16DAF8BD4FE83AF746978351551682DF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Flora der Schweiz und angrenzender Gebiete. Band 1. Pteridophyta bis Caryophyllaceae (2 nd edition): Registerzuband 1 + + + +Author + +Hess, Hans Ernst + + + +Author + +Landolt, Elias + + + +Author + +Hirzel, Rosmarie + +text + +1972 +Birkhaeuser Verlag + + +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291815 + +book +291815 +10.5281/zenodo.291815 +3-7643-0843-5 + + + +<subSubSection id="E7902D62103AC718474FEA6DD1E1C7A6" pageId="null" pageNumber="102" type="nomenclature"> +<paragraph id="5BB82E35A5F343D635AB6A5575493E0B" pageId="null" pageNumber="102"> +<taxonomicName id="734A303FC2720D85B14F09784900109C" ID-CoL="64RFJ" authority="L." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Adiantum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="102" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="capillus-veneris"> +<pageBreakToken id="255960C9F5500516544365FD9271FF43" pageId="null" pageNumber="102">Adiantum</pageBreakToken> +<normalizedToken id="E789C564F06EB129079185143821E244" originalValue="Capíllus-Véneris" pageId="null" pageNumber="102">Capillus-Veneris</normalizedToken> +L. +</taxonomicName> +</paragraph> +</subSubSection> +<subSubSection id="24223E4DF7263C5A69AFBEA832AC3BC0" pageId="null" pageNumber="102" type="vernacular_names"> +<paragraph id="888F3E47C1AF4AD1D7576A046AF5DACB" pageId="null" pageNumber="102">Frauenhaarfarn</paragraph> +</subSubSection> + + + +Rhizom kriechend, +spaerlich +verzweigt. +Blaetter +in 2 Reihen, bis 50 cm hoch. Blattstiel 3kantig, meist +laenger +als die Blattspreite, +glaenzend +, dunkelbraun bis schwarz, kahl; + +Blattspreite im +Umriβ +oval + +, an +ueppigen +Pflanzen bis 30 cm lang und 25 cm breit, +2-3fach gefiedert +, sehr +duenn +und zart; Fiedern letzter Ordnung + +auf +haarduennen +Stielen + +, im +Umriss +rhombisch oder an der Spitze breit abgerundet, bis 25 mm lang und 20 mm breit, nach dem Grunde stets +keilfoermig +verschmaelert +, 3-10teilig; +bloss +einzelne Einschnitte bis +gegen +die Mitte, die andern weniger tief; Abschnitte +gezaehnt +; sporentragende Abschnitte mit nach unten umgebogenem Rand; + +umgebogene Lappen rechteckig oder +sichelfoermig +, zur Zeit der Sporenreife dunkelbraun + +. Sporenreife: Sommer und Herbst. + + + +Zytologische +Angaben. 2n = 60: + +Material aus Italien und Spanien (Manton 1950), aus Nordamerika (Britton 1953), aus Indien (Verma und Loyal 1960, Roy, Baxi und Shina 1961). + + +Standort +. Kollin (an Thermalquellen auch +hoeher +). Feuchte, schattige Kalkfelsen, in Schluchten, Grotten, an +Wasserfaellen +und Quellen. + + + +Verbreitung. Pflanze der Tropen und Subtropen beider +Hemisphaeren + +. In +Europa +nordwaerts +von Irland, Rhein, Alpen, +Suedkarpaten +. Karte mit Angabe der Nordgrenze der Verbreitung in Eurasien und Nordamerika von +Hulten +(1962). - Im Gebiet: +Alpensuedseite +(tiefe +Taeler +des Piemont, Aostatal, Luganersee-, Langensee- und Comerseegebiet, Bormio, Veltlin, Bergamasker Alpen, Meran), +Suedfuss +des Jura von Savoyen bis an den Neuenburgersee; zerstreut, nicht +haeufig +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DB/70/16DB70DD75AEEE518B42B9F5EA99E050.xml b/data/16/DB/70/16DB70DD75AEEE518B42B9F5EA99E050.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c087c76255b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DB/70/16DB70DD75AEEE518B42B9F5EA99E050.xml @@ -0,0 +1,115 @@ + + + +Filling the BINs of life: Report of an amphibian and reptile survey of the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, with DNA barcode data + + + +Author + +Mulcahy, Daniel G. + + + +Author + +Lee, Justin L. + + + +Author + +Miller, Aryeh H. + + + +Author + +Chand, Mia + + + +Author + +Thura, Myint Kyaw + + + +Author + +Zug, George R. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +757 + + +85 +152 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.757.24453 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.757.24453 +1313-2970-757-85 +559E4F4F7C35438089D5BA42A5D38004 + + + + +Occidozyga lima (Gravenhorst, 1829) + + + +Description. +Adult females (n = 3) 26.5-32.3 mm SVL, adult male (n = 1) 26.5 mm SVL. All had strongly tuberculate skin dorsally on trunk, bold black horizontal stripe on rear of thighs, and strongly patterned venter with pair of dark chin stripes. + + +Natural history notes. +These frogs occurred in human-modified habitats. All females were gravid. + + +General Distribution. +Widespread, eastern India to southern China southward through Southeast Asia to Java. + + +Molecular Data. + +We included one individual from Sagaing (USNM 520376) and one from Mandalay (MBM-JBS 5405). These two were placed in the same COIBIN and the Tanintharyi specimens formed a separate BIN. These were sister to each other in our combined analysis (Fig. 2). These specimens formed a 16S clade with specimens from GenBank identified as +O. lima +from Java (AB530619), Myanmar (DQ283224), Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos, (KR827958-60, respectively). We note other specimens identified as +O. lima +in GenBank are placed elsewhere in the tree but are misidentified, such as AF215398 placed with +O. laevis +, and AB488903 placed with +O. martensii +specimens. + + + +Comments. + +The Common Puddlefrog in Myanmar or the frogs that have been identified as +O. lima +contain at least three distinct morphotypes. The taxa vary in size and coloration. The southern Tanintharyi "O. lima" is smaller and has a bold black and white ventral pattern lacking in the "O. lima" from northern Mon State and adjacent Bago, but it does share the bold, dark thigh stripe of the northern frogs. + + + +Specimens examined. +MBM-JBS 5405, USNM 520376, USNM 586924-927. + + +Red List status. +LC. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DB/BC/16DBBCF63A185821B20BA9F4F643C7F1.xml b/data/16/DB/BC/16DBBCF63A185821B20BA9F4F643C7F1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ed141d4da01 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DB/BC/16DBBCF63A185821B20BA9F4F643C7F1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + + +The diversity of macromycetes in peatlands: nine years of plot-based monitoring and barcoding in the raised bog " Mukhrino ", West Siberia + + + +Author + +Filippova, Nina +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9506-0991 +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia +filippova.courlee.nina@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Zvyagina, Elena +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2063-4847 +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia & Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia + + + +Author + +Rudykina, Elena +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia + + + +Author + +Dobrynina, Alevtina +Yugra State University, Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia + + + +Author + +Bolshakov, Sergey +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-7792 +Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-10-20 + + +11 + + +105111 +105111 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e105111 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e105111 +1314-2828-11-e105111 +FE074B9663235E1BB0D0F4DF63C1DFFD + + + + +Amanita porphyria Alb. & Schwein. + + + +Materials + + +Type status: + +Other material +. + +Occurrence +: + +catalogNumber: +YSU-F-04416 +; recordedBy: + +Filippova +, +Nina + +; associatedSequences: +OP866197 +; occurrenceID: +A7AEF718-99A1-509F-9458-802CCF98FFF5 +; + +Location +: + +country: +Russian Federation +; countryCode: RU; stateProvince: +Khanty-Mansiyskiy Avtonomnyy Okrug +; county: +Khanty-Mansiyskiy Rayon +; locality: + +Mukhrino +field station of YSU, +20 km +SW from +Khanty-Mansiysk + +; decimalLatitude: +60.892632 +; decimalLongitude: +68.677156 +; + +Identification +: + +identifiedBy: + +Filippova +, +Nina +| +Zvyagina +, +Elena + +; dateIdentified: +2023-02-28 +; identificationRemarks: +Identification +based on morphological and molecular characters; + +Event +: + +eventDate: +2013-09-07 +; habitat: Dwarfshrubs - sphagnum ombrotrophic bog + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DC/5D/16DC5D27A0E462155136CB81BDE256AA.xml b/data/16/DC/5D/16DC5D27A0E462155136CB81BDE256AA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f0e66915d16 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DC/5D/16DC5D27A0E462155136CB81BDE256AA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +Review of the genus Harnischia Kieffer from China (Diptera, Chironomidae), with description of one new species + + + +Author + +Yan, Chun-Cai + + + +Author + +Guo, Qin + + + +Author + +Liu, Ting + + + +Author + +Guo, Wei + + + +Author + +Wang, Xin-Hua + + + +Author + +Pan, Bao-Ping + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +634 + + +79 +99 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.634.10323 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.634.10323 +1313-2970-634-79 +27BD754195FF434D88AC1E3E1348EFAB + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Chironomidae + + + +Harnischia longispuria Wang & Zheng, 1993 +Fig. 7 + + + + + +Harnischia +longispuria + +: +Wang and Zheng 1993 +: 459; +Wang 1999 +: 170; +Wang 2000 +: 644. + + +Harnischia okilurida +: +Sasa 1993 +: 127 Syn. n. + + + +Type locality. +China (Hainan). + + +Material examined. + +China: Holotype, ♂ (BDN No. 05224), Hainan Province, Ledong Li Autonomous County, Jianfeng town, 17.05.1988, light trap, Leyi Zheng.Japan: Holotype ( +Harnischia okilurida +Sasa), ♂ (No. 246: 10), at the side of a dam of Yona River, Lake Nawagaike, 20.05.1993, insect net. + + + +Diagnostic characters. +Thorax yellow with dark brown spots; AR 0.98, frontal tubercles absent; postrior margin of tergite IX triangular and cone-like; anal point constricted at base and swollen distally, with median ridges, bearing setae and microtrichia; anal tergite bands V-shaped, slightly flat at bottom; a fusion of gonostylus and gonocoxite obviously constricted, gonostylus straight, rod-like, both sides almost parallel, round and blunt at apex, without conspicuous short setae in inner margin. + + +Figures 7. +Harnischia longispuria +. A Wing; Hypopygium: B (dorsal) C (ventral). + + + + +Distribution. +China (Hainan); Japan. + + +Remarks. + +Wang (1999) +treat +Harnischia longispuria +Wang & Zheng as a synonym of +Harnischia curtilamellata +(Malloch). After re-examining, the specimens of +Harnischia longispuria +Wang & Zheng, (which should be +Harnischia okilurida +Sasa), it currently should be a valid species. However, +Harnischia okilurida +Sasa (December 1993) described later than +Harnischia longispuria +Wang & Zheng (October 1993), is consequently considered as a new synonym of +Harnischia longispuria +Wang & Zheng. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DC/5F/16DC5FAB97F32D63A6AE34D42F8C6F31.xml b/data/16/DC/5F/16DC5FAB97F32D63A6AE34D42F8C6F31.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3c0274dd745 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DC/5F/16DC5FAB97F32D63A6AE34D42F8C6F31.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Order Pilosa + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +100 +103 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Choloepus hoffmanni +subsp. +florenciae +J. A. Allen 1913 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Choloepus hoffmanni +subsp. +andinus +J. A. +Allen 1913 + +; + +Choloepus hoffmanni +subsp. +augustinus +J. A. +Allen 1913 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DC/89/16DC891900996C85F0DE308ECA6374A9.xml b/data/16/DC/89/16DC891900996C85F0DE308ECA6374A9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dad04f4101e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DC/89/16DC891900996C85F0DE308ECA6374A9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,376 @@ + + + +Review of the millipede family Opisotretidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida), with descriptions of new species + + + +Author + +Golovatch, Sergei I. + + + +Author + +Geoffroy, Jean-Jacques + + + +Author + +Stoev, Pavel + + + +Author + +Spiegel, Didier Vanden + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +302 + + +13 +77 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.302.5357 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.302.5357 +1313-2970-302-13 + + + + + +Carlotretus +triramus + +sp. n. +Figs 36-41 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype ♂ (IZAS), China, Guangxi, Chongzuo County, Longzhou Xian, Shanglong Xiang, Lenglei, Nonggang Forest, +106.964835°E +, +22.467175°N +, litter, Berlese extraction, 07.03.2005, leg. L. Deharveng & A. Bedos (CHIgx05-068). + + + +Paratypes. + +1 ♂ (SEM), same data as holotype (CHIgx05-066); 1 ♂ (SCAU), same locality, Shanglong Xiang, Nonghang, Nonggang Forest, +106.90575°E +, +22.48617°N +, +litter +, sieving and Berlese extraction, 14.04.2010, leg. L. Deharveng & A. Bedos (CHIgx10-07). + +Non-types. 1 ♂ subadult (SEM), same locality, together with holotype (CHIgx05-068); 1♀ (SEM), same data as holotype (CHIgx05-064); 1♀, 3 ♀ subadults (MNHN JC 346), same locality (CHIgx10-07). + + +Diagnosis. + +Differs readily from +Carlotretus setosus +, the only known congener, by the much longer, strong and totally unprotected solenomere branch, whereas the parabasal branches are slender and subunciform. + + + + +Name +. + +To emphasize the clearly triramous midlength process of the gonopod telopodite. + + +Description. + +Length of holotype ca 4.3 mm, width of midbody pro- and metazona ca 0.4 and 0.55 mm, respectively. Length of paratype ♂ ca 4.6 mm, +width +of midbody pro- and metazona ca 0.45 and 0.6 mm, respectively. Length of adult ♀ ca 6.0 mm, width of midbody pro- and metazona ca 0.6 and 0.7 mm, respectively. Coloration in alcohol from uniformly pallid to head and metaterga faintly rusty reddish. + + +Body with 19 (♂) or 20 (♀) segments. All characters like in +Martensodesmus spiniger +sp. n., except as follows. + +Antennae medium-sized, extending behind segment 2 when stretched dorsally. + +Caudal corner of postcollum paraterga mostly dentiform, always clearly rounded and extending increasingly well behind rear tergal margin only in segments 15-18 (♂) or 16-19 (♀), a little better produced behind than in +Martensodesmus spiniger +sp. n. (Figs 36A, B). + + +Gonopod telopodite (Figs 38 +B-E +, 40 +D-H +, 41) clearly curved, but its basal half quite stout, unipartite; solenomere (sl) very long, slender and simple, only faintly curved, orifice of seminal groove placed on a small subapical tooth, with neither bacilliform ornamentations, nor accessory seminal chamber, nor a hairy pulvillus. Two large, subunciform processes, m and n, at base of sl, process n lying more dorsally and being slightly larger than a ventral, very finely and densely microspinulate m. + + + +Figure 36. +Martensodesmus spiniger +sp. n., ♂ holotype (A, B), and +Carlotretus triramus +sp. n., ♂ paratype (C, D) A, C left paratergite 13, dorsal view B, D left paratergites 17 and 18, dorsal view. - Scale bar: 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figure 37. +Carlotretus triramus +sp. n., ♂ paratype (CHIgx10-07); A, D, G, K anterior body part, dorsal, lateral, ventral and frontodorsal views, respectively B, E, H midbody segments, dorsal, lateral and ventral views, respectively C, F, I posterior body part, dorsal, lateral and ventral views, respectively J tergal seta, lateral view L, M tegument texture, limbus and tergal seta, dorsal view N midbody leg. - Scale bars: A, B, +D-H +, K 0.1 mm; C, I, N 0.05 mm; L, M 0.02 mm. + + + + +Figure 38. +Carlotretus triramus +sp. n., ♂ paratype (CHIgx10-07); A head, ventral view +B-D +gonopods in situE dissected left gonopod, subdorsal view. - Scale bars: B, C 0.1 mm; A, D, E 0.05 mm. + + + + +Figure 39. +Carlotretus triramus +sp. n., ♂ paratype (CHIgx05-068); A anterior body part, dorsal view B, D midbody segments, dorsal and lateral views, respectively C, E, I posterior body part, dorsal, lateral and ventrocaudal views, respectively F gnathochilarium, ventral view G antennomeres 5-8, dorsal view H segments 6 and 7 with gonopods in situ, ventral view J cross-section of a midbody segment, caudal view. - Scale bars: +A-D +, +F-J +0.1 mm; E 0.05 mm. + + + + +Figure 40. +Carlotretus triramus +sp. n., ♂ paratype (CHIgx05-068); A long tactile distodorsal seta on a midbody tibia B caudolateral corner of a midbody ozoporiferous paratergite C tegument texture, limbus and setae, dorsal view D left gonopod in situ, ventral view +E-H +dissected left gonopod, frontomesal, frontal, subventral and ventral views, respectively. - Scale bars: G 0.1 mm; +D-F +, H 0.05 mm; +A-C +0.02 mm. + + + + +Figure 41. +Carlotretus triramus +sp. n., ♂ paratype (CHIgx10-07), right gonopod, mesal view. - Scale bar: 0.1 mm. + + + + +A +key to genera of +Opisotretidae +, based mainly on male characters + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Figs 11A, BFig. 11C +Opisthoporodesmus +
+Figs +67 + +Solaenaulus +
+Figs +1B, C40 +D-H +41 + +Carlotretus +
Figs 2B3 +Corypholophus +
+Figs +910C, D293235 + +Martensodesmus +
Figs 13B15C, D16B, C +Retrodesmus +
+Figs 8D18 +B-D +20C, D2123C, D2526F, G + +Opisotretus +
+ + + + +A key to species of +Martensodesmus + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Figs 10A, BFigs 10C, D +Martensodesmus bicuspidatus +
Fig. 9 +Martensodesmus himalayensis +
+Martensodesmus sherpa +
+Martensodesmus nagarjungicus +
+Figs 31 +E-H +32 + +Martensodesmus bedosae +
Fig. 35 +Martensodesmus spiniger +
+Martensodesmus excornis +
+Figs 28 +E-I +29 + +Martensodesmus cattienensis +
+ + + + +A +key to species of +Opisotretus + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Fig. 23AFigs 23C, D +Opisotretus hagen +
Fig. 26AFigs 26F, G +Opisotretus spinosus +
+Opisotretus mimus +
Fig. 8D
+Opisotretus euthus +
+Opisotretus kraepelini +
+Figs 18 +B-D +20C, D + +Opisotretus beroni +
Fig. 25 +Opisotretus deharvengi +
+ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DC/D6/16DCD69EC8E95805AEF2EBCF2D3CDB4D.xml b/data/16/DC/D6/16DCD69EC8E95805AEF2EBCF2D3CDB4D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6812fa38b72 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DC/D6/16DCD69EC8E95805AEF2EBCF2D3CDB4D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ + + + +Documenting Mantodea species in South African museum collections and an updated species list + + + +Author + +Greyvenstein, Bianca +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-7113 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa +biagrey90@gmail.com + + + +Author + +van den Berg, Johnnie +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + + + +Author + +du Plessis, Hannalene +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-1468 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-12 + + +11 + + +102637 +102637 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 +1314-2828-11-e102637 +3B9B180709505F42978AE78376216E5C + + + + +Galepsus (Onychogalepsus) capensis Beier, 1930 + + + +Native status + +Suspected to be endemic to southern Africa ( +Kaltenbach 1996 +) + + + +Notes + +ID: Lit ( +Ehrmann 2002 +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DC/DA/16DCDA5540C3593D96D16DF7CA6F3756.xml b/data/16/DC/DA/16DCDA5540C3593D96D16DF7CA6F3756.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e73e70c8074 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DC/DA/16DCDA5540C3593D96D16DF7CA6F3756.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Catalogue of the type material of Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) deposited in the Research Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Tokyo, Japan + + + +Author + +Kaneko, Naoki +Laboratory of Entomology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1737 Funako, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243 - 0034, Japan +naoki.1993062z@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Wada, Kaoru +School of Science and Engineering, Meisei University, 2 - 1 - 1 Hodokubo, Hino, Tokyo 191 - 8506, Japan + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +958 + + +35 +89 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.958.52799 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.958.52799 +1313-2970-958-35 +101EE6D955804A4CB7C063FF9E2993A2 +48B3235B7EBF5310B8A9F2905C223E0F + + + + +Mimela marginipennis Miyake +Figure 2C + + + + +Mimela marginipennis +Miyake, 1994: 151. + + + +Note. +The holotype is deposited in RIEB (ex coll. Y. Miyake): + + +Holotype + +(♂). +'[Borneo] / Crocker Range / 1800-1400m alt. / nr. Keningau C. / X. 1988. M. ITOI leg. // Holotype: / +Mimela +/ +marginipennis +/ Y. MIYAKE, 1994'. (Fig. +2C +) + + + +Type condition. +The aedeagus of the holotype is pinned separately, and the left mesotarsus is missing. + + +Current status. + +Junior subjective synonym of + +Mimela margarita + +Arrow, 1910, see +Wada (2001) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DC/E3/16DCE3A0D3549AD83AC72FC47AB69ACA.xml b/data/16/DC/E3/16DCE3A0D3549AD83AC72FC47AB69ACA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba69b35c80d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DC/E3/16DCE3A0D3549AD83AC72FC47AB69ACA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +A survey of five Pireneitega species (Agelenidae, Coelotinae) from China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Xiaoqing + + + +Author + +Zhao, Zhe + + + +Author + +Zheng, Guo + + + +Author + +Li, Shuqiang + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +663 + + +45 +64 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.663.11356 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.663.11356 +1313-2970-663-45 +940A0A63CA924007B2D69348112C8428 + + + + +Genus +Pireneitega Kishida, 1955 + + + + +Pireneitega +Kishida, 1955: 11. Type species +Amaurobius roscidus +L. Koch, 1868 (= +P. segestriformis +(Dufour, 1820)) from Germany. + + +Paracoelotes +Brignoli, 1982: 348. Type species +Coelotes armeniacus +Brignoli, 1978 from Turkey. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Females of +Pireneitega +can be distinguished from all other coelotine genera by the widely separated epigynal teeth, the large atrium with subparallel margins, and the broad copulatory ducts (Fig. 2 +A-B +); other coelotines usually have a small atrium and copulatory ducts. The males can be distinguished by the small RTA, the distinct median apophysis and the absence of a conductor dorsal apophysis (Fig. 1 +A-C +); other coelotines usually have a broad conductor dorsal apophysis and a reduced or indistinct median apophysis ( +Zhang and Marusik 2016 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DD/01/16DD01F58525AD124D67C85B032F7A51.xml b/data/16/DD/01/16DD01F58525AD124D67C85B032F7A51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5a2f6d82a1b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DD/01/16DD01F58525AD124D67C85B032F7A51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ + + + +A new genus and species of bristle worm from Beibu Gulf, South China Sea (Annelida, Polychaeta, Amphinomidae) + + + +Author + +Sun, Yue + + + +Author + +Li, Xinzheng + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +708 + + +1 +10 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.708.12967 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.708.12967 +1313-2970-708-1 +ACFDC0F89AD8436F827B181DBCD01A73 +ACFDC0F89AD8436F827B181DBCD01A73 + + + + +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +sp. n. +Figs 1, 2 + + + +Material examined. + +Holotype, MBM200146, Beibu Gulf, +20°15'N +, +109°15'E +, 38 meters, mud, coll. Ruiping Sun, 27 August 1962. Paratype: MBM010006, Beibu Gulf, +19°30'N +, +108°30'E +, 66 meters, mud, coll. Zhengang Fan, 14 May 1960. + + + +Measurements. +Holotype incomplete, with anterior fragment and posterior fragment, without posterior end. Anterior fragment with 62 chaetigers, 71 mm long, and 10 mm maximum width, posterior fragment with 50 chaetigers, 60 mm long. Paratype complete, broken into two fragments. Anterior fragment with 60 chaetigers, 75 mm long, and 8 mm maximum width, posterior fragment with 61 chaetigers, 57 mm long. + + +Diagnosis. + +Body elongate, quadrangular. Caruncle trilobed, conspicuous, attached to and confluent with posterior prostomial lobe, free from body wall, median lobe +broadly +sinusoidal, each lateral lobe with 6-7 folds, supported by a basal plate. Parapodia biramous, with thickened collars encompassing noto- and neuropodial fascicular lobes; chaetiger 2 first complete anteriormost annular ring. Branchiae present from chaetiger 4, continuing almost to end of body, dendritically branched. Notochaetae coarser and shorter than neurochaetae, include harpoon chaetae and capillaries; barbs of harpoon chaetae on anteriormost chaetigers absent to few in number, better developed in following chaetigers. Bifurcate neurochaetae capillary. + + + +Description. +Type specimens preserved alcohol pale, without pigmentation. Body quadrangular in cross section, middle region enlarged, tapering posteriorly (Fig. 1a). + + +Figure 1. +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +gen. n. & sp. n., a Entire animal in lateral view b Prostomium and caruncle, dorsal view c Caruncle, dorsal view d Caruncle, lateral view. Caruncle, dorsal view f Anterior chaetigers, ventral view g Parapodia of middle chaetigers, lateral view h Branchia of posterior chaetiger i pygidium, dorsal view. +a-d +, +f-i +holotype e paratype. Scale bars a 0.5 cm; b 0.5mm, c 0.25 mm; +d-e +, i 0.2 mm; f 1 mm; g 2 mm; h 0.5 mm. + + +Prostomium rectangular, divided into two parts by transverse groove. Anterior lobe prominent, slightly bilobed anteriorly, with two palps and two lateral antennae, palps on ventrolateral part (Fig. 2a, b), lateral antennae subulate, emerging on posterior edge of anterior lobe, similar in shape and size to palps. Posterior lobe rectangular, slightly smaller than anterior one, with median antenna, digitiform, emerging in front of caruncle, short, extending back only to first chaetiger (Figs 1b; 2a). Two pairs of eyes present. Buccal opening occupying two chaetigers (Figs 1f; 2b). Caruncle trilobed, conspicuous, about 2 times as long as prostomium, attached to and confluent with posterior prostomial lobe, free from body wall, extremity tapering, extending back to middle of fourth chaetiger, median keel broadly sinusoidal, lateral lobes plicate each with approximately 6-7 folds (Figs 1b-e; 2a), located slightly behind posterior prostomial lobe, supported by a basal plate. Pharynx unarmed, sac-like (Figs 1f; 2b). +All parapodia biramous, with thickened collars encompassing noto- and neuropodial fascicular lobes. Chaetiger 1 greatly reduced, incomplete dorsally and ventrally. Chaetiger 2 surrounding mouth posteriorly, represents first complete segmental ring (Figs 1f; 2b), with distinctly separated notopodia and neuropodia (Figs 1g, 2c); dorsal and ventral cirri conical and digitiform, respectively, both with stout basal cirrophores and slender distal cirrostyles; cirri of anterior 2 chaetigers longer than those of following chaetigers. +Branchiae present from chaetiger 4, dendritically branched, filaments densely ciliated (Figs 1h, 2a). First branchia with eight terminal filaments, best developed branchiae with 43-46 terminal filaments in 21-53 chaetigers, reducing posteriorly to four or five filaments, the last three chaetigers without branchiae. + +Notochaetae coarser and shorter than neurochaetae. Notochaetae of three kinds: simple chaetae (harpoon chaetae without barbs, Fig. 2d), stout harpoon chaetae, greatly reduced in anterior chaetigers (Fig. 2 +e-g +), well developed on following chaetigers (Fig. 2h); and slender capillary chaetae. Notoaciculae spinose, numbering 4-6 per fascicle, (Fig. 2i), arranged in row immediately in front of dorsal cirri, extending beyond chaetal lobe. Chaetiger 5 with 20 simple chaetae and few capillary chaetae; chaetiger 14 with six harpoon chaetae (with 8-9 barbs), 12 harpoon chaetae (without barbs) and 12 capillary chaetae; middle and posterior chaetigers each with 19-22 harpoon chaetae (each with about 23 coarse barbs) and 21-23 capillary chaetae. Neurochaetae of one basic kind: capillaries with or without spurs (Fig. 2j), the former with smooth long prongs 3-4 times length of short prongs (Fig. 2 +k-m +). Neuroaciculae spinose, numbering 7-9, extending beyond neuropodial lobe, arranged along dorsal superior region of fascicle (Fig. 2n). + + + +Figure 2. +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +gen. n. & sp. n., holotype. a Anterior chaetigers, dorsal view b Anterior chaetigers, ventral view c Parapodia of middle chaetiger, posterior view d Greatly reduced harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 5 +e-g +Reduced harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 14 h Harpoon chaeta, notopodium of chaetiger 106 i Acicula, notopodium of chaetiger 106 j Capillary chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 85 k Bifurcate chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 22 +l-m +Bifurcate chaetae, neuropodium of chaetiger 85 n Simple chaeta, neuropodium of chaetiger 85. Scale bars: +a-b +1 mm; c 0.5 mm; +d-n +50 +μm +. + + + +Paratype +: Pygidium with dorsal anus opening on last three chaetigers (Fig. 1i), pygidial cirrus with rounded anal papilla. + + + +Etymology. +The name of this species refers to the slender form of its capillary neurochaetae. + + +Distribution. +Presently known only from the type location, Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. + + +Remarks. + +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +sp. n. is anatomically similar to +Eurythoe rullieri +Fauvel, 1953 because the caruncle of both species is free from the body wall. For example, the relatively narrow median keel of +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +sp. n., does not overlap the lateral lobes, while that of +Eurythoe rullieri +broadly overlaps the contiguous lateral lobes. The new species is further differentiated in having branchiae first present from chaetiger 4, rather than chaetiger 3, and lacking the thick bifurcate neurochaetae that are characteristic of +E. rullieri +and the genus +Eurythoe +( +Fauvel 1953 +). + + +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +sp. n. also resembles +E. paupera +( +Grube 1856 +) in having quadrangular body form, branchiae first present from the fourth chaetiger. However, caruncles and notochaetae differ in these species. The caruncle of +Alleurythoe tenuichaeta +is attached to and confluent with the posterior prostomial lobe, and free of the body wall, while the caruncle of +E. paupera +is fixed to the first two chaetigers, extending to the anterior edge of the third chaetiger. Meanwhile, +A. tenuichaeta +sp. n. has harpoon notochaetae and bifurcate neurochaetae, both of which are absent in +E. paupera +( +Grube 1856 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DD/22/16DD22F2A7733792F994CD00765F9DEB.xml b/data/16/DD/22/16DD22F2A7733792F994CD00765F9DEB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ec377a813a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DD/22/16DD22F2A7733792F994CD00765F9DEB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Vulpes vulpes +subsp. +rubricosa +Bangs 1898 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Vulpes vulpes +subsp. +bangsi +Merriam 1900 + +; + +Vulpes vulpes +subsp. +deletrix +Bangs 1898 + +; + +Vulpes vulpes +subsp. +rubricos +Churcher 1960 + +; + +Vulpes vulpes +subsp. +vafra +Bangs 1897 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DD/2E/16DD2E842C0D5D45BE5454A44D3EE3BB.xml b/data/16/DD/2E/16DD2E842C0D5D45BE5454A44D3EE3BB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aea8f24ed67 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DD/2E/16DD2E842C0D5D45BE5454A44D3EE3BB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,120 @@ + + + +A review of the species in the genus Cryptops Leach, 1815 from the Old World related to Cryptops (Cryptops) hortensis (Donovan, 1810) (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha + + + +Author + +Lewis, John G. E. + +text + + +International Journal of Myriapodology + + +2011 + +4 + + +11 +50 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/ijm.4.1116 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/ijm.4.1116 +1313-2970-4-11 +80935B6A-E9B4-4147-993B-1F66CB04555F + + + + +Cryptops kalobensis Goffinet, 1971 +Figs 63-65 + + + + +Cryptops kalobensis +Goffinet, 1971 +Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 83: 51, figs 1-3. + + + +Material examined. + +MRAC. Three paratypes 9, 11 and 12 mm. Det G. Goffinet 1970 Congo: Katanga, Chute Kaloba, +riviere +Lofoi, base du plateau des Kundulungu [alt 1,070 m (Freson, R.). +Ref +. +n° +CM 1661]. 2.xi.1968. R.G. Mus. Afr. Centr. 13.135 + + + +Description. + +( + +Goffinet's +(1971) + +data in parentheses where relevant). Length 9-12 mm. (With brown subcuticular pigment). Cephalic plate without sutures. Clypeus with 2 pairs of post-antennal setae and 3 intermediate setae forming an inverted triangle in front of a row of 6 prelabral setae. Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite +feebly +rounded on each side with 2 robust submarginal setae alternating with 2 or 3 small setae (Fig. 63). (Poison gland calyx subspherical situated in anterior region of forcipular trochanteroprefemur. Paramedian sutures incomplete on tergites 4 and 5 complete from 6). Posterior margin of sternite 21 straight (broadly rounded). Pore field occupying anterior 55 % of coxopleuron (with 6-13, but usually 8-11 pores) and without setae. Three setae along posterior margin of coxopleuron and 5 between pore field and margin (Fig. 64). (Ultimate leg with lanceolate setae ventrally and laterally and with 5-6 tibial and (2) 3 tarsal saw teeth). Pretarsi of legs 1-20 each with a single long accessory spur 47% of length of pretarsus (Fig. 65). + + + +Remarks. + +I regard +Cryptops kalobensis +, from the Democratic Republic of Congo, as conspecific with +Cryptops nigropictus +from Taiwan and the Ryuku Islands of which it is a junior subjective synonym (see p. 35). + + + +Figures 55-65. +Cryptops inermipes +holotype. 55 Antennal articles 10, 11 (setae omitted) 56 Detail of proximal region of antennal article 10 57 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite 58 Right forcipule 59 Detail of poison gland calyx 60 Sternite 21 61 Leg 2 62 Pretarsus leg 18. +Cryptops kalobensis. +63 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite (paratype specimen 2) 64 Coxopleuron and parts of sternite 21 and ultimate leg prefemur (paratype specimen 1) 65 Pretarsus leg 9 (paratype specimen 3). Scale lines = 0.5 mm except Fig. 64 = 0.25 and Figs 56, 59, 61, 63-65 = 0.1 mm. + + + + +Figures 66-77. +Cryptops lobatus +. 6. Forcipular coxosternite and right forcipule (after +Verhoeff 1931 +) 67 Ultimate leg coxopleuron (after +Iorio and Geoffroy 2008 +). +Cryptops mauritianus +. 68 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite (after +Lewis 2002 +) 69 Left coxopleuron (after +Lewis 2002 +) 70 Pretarsus leg 4 (after +Lewis 2002 +). +Cryptops melanotypus +holotype 71 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite 72 Ultimate leg tibial and tarsal saw teeth 73 Pretarsus of ambulatory leg (freehand sketch). +Cryptops niloticus +74 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite (holotype Sudan) 75 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite (Yemen) 76 Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite (Rodrigues, after +Lewis 2002 +) 77 Pretarsus leg 5 (Rodrigues specimen 5). Scale lines: Figs 68, 69 = 0.5 mm. Figs 71, 24-26 = 0.25 mm. Figs 70, 72, 73, 77 = 0.1 mm. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DD/5A/16DD5A7E71BBAF1B4F3DB9464006CA6E.xml b/data/16/DD/5A/16DD5A7E71BBAF1B4F3DB9464006CA6E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..437532cb9af --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DD/5A/16DD5A7E71BBAF1B4F3DB9464006CA6E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Coruna Walker, 1833 + + + + +PACHYCREPIS +Foerster +, 1856 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DD/7E/16DD7E059DB695BC66D3BC40B6ACFE1B.xml b/data/16/DD/7E/16DD7E059DB695BC66D3BC40B6ACFE1B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b878efd6cea --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DD/7E/16DD7E059DB695BC66D3BC40B6ACFE1B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Chrysomela elongata +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +C. elongata atra, thorace rubro subvilloso. + + + +Habitat in +Germania. +P. Forsk�hl. + + + + +Haec reliquis longior +& +admodum angusta ratione congenerum +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DE/E8/16DEE8844881408CCF2033C5C2C3E093.xml b/data/16/DE/E8/16DEE8844881408CCF2033C5C2C3E093.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c008ec0727b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DE/E8/16DEE8844881408CCF2033C5C2C3E093.xml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Platygastroidea + + + +Author + +Buhl, Peter N. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Notton, David G. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7991 +7991 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7991 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7991 +1314-2828--7991 + + + + +Leptacis orchymonti (Debauche, 1947) + + + + +Anacoryphe orchymonti +Debauche, 1947 + + +Leptacis + + + +Distribution +England, Wales, Ireland, Isle of Man + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DF/05/16DF058FBBD474E2922232316F0C6123.xml b/data/16/DF/05/16DF058FBBD474E2922232316F0C6123.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1121aa90c94 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DF/05/16DF058FBBD474E2922232316F0C6123.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +†Tribe +Kuschelomacrini Riedel, 2010 + + + + +Kuschelomacerini +Riedel, 2010: 31 [stem: Kuschelomacr-]. Type genus: +Kuschelomacer +Riedel, 2010. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/DF/31/16DF31FE766D5B0A8CD62C8122B26C8C.xml b/data/16/DF/31/16DF31FE766D5B0A8CD62C8122B26C8C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db7761f971f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/DF/31/16DF31FE766D5B0A8CD62C8122B26C8C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Documenting Mantodea species in South African museum collections and an updated species list + + + +Author + +Greyvenstein, Bianca +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-7113 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa +biagrey90@gmail.com + + + +Author + +van den Berg, Johnnie +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + + + +Author + +du Plessis, Hannalene +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-1468 +North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-12 + + +11 + + +102637 +102637 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e102637 +1314-2828-11-e102637 +3B9B180709505F42978AE78376216E5C + + + + +Miomantis coxalis Saussure, 1898 + + + +Distribution +AG, LS, MOZ, NAM + + +Notes +ID: Dep. J.A.G. Rehn 1925, M. Beier 1952 & A. Kaltenbach 1988. (DNMNH, IZIKO) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E0/07/16E00701D62A5A12B9BEDA3BFB171F51.xml b/data/16/E0/07/16E00701D62A5A12B9BEDA3BFB171F51.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ad16bf56381 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E0/07/16E00701D62A5A12B9BEDA3BFB171F51.xml @@ -0,0 +1,657 @@ + + + +The North American bees of the genus Ptilothrix Cresson, 1878 (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Emphorini), with the description of two new species + + + +Author + +Florez-Gomez, Nathalia +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-4131 +Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA +naf63@cornell.edu + + + +Author + +Danforth, Bryan +Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2023 + +2023-02-24 + + +95 + + +275 +293 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96025 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96025 +1314-2607-95-275 +55CB05E0743C4CDBBD293D114676F090 +0FA7E4924154536085306BF9AB0C71E5 + + + + +Ptilothrix bombiformis Cresson, 1878 + + + + +Figs 5 +, 6G, H +, 7G, H +, 8 + + + + +Emphor bombiformis +Cresson, 1878. + + +Emphor fuscojubatus +Cockerell, 1913. + + +Ptilothrix bombiformis +Cresson, (1878). (Lectotype: ANSP #f: Kansas, Snow). + + + +Diagnosis. + +Large bees, female body size from 13.5-19 mm, males from 12.5-18.6 mm. This species is clearly recognizable by the white to pale yellow pubescence on the head and mesosoma, and entirely black metasoma, except T1 which has whitish pubescence on the lateral sides in some specimens. Differs from + +P. sumichrasti + +, + +P. chiricahua + +and + +P. zacateca + +by the absence of yellowish metasomal bands, darkened wings, entirely black scopa, and overall larger size. First flagellomere length twice its apical width, as in other + +Ptilothrix + +species except + +P. sumichrasti + +and + +P. chiricahua + +. Shape of male S7, S8 and genital capsule as shown in Figs +2G, H +, +3G, H +. + + + +Figure 6. + +Ptilothrix zacateca + +sp. nov. +A +male holotype habitus, lateral view +B +male holotype habitus; frontal view +C +male holotype dorsal view +D +male holotype metasoma +E +female paratype habitus, lateral view +F +female paratype habitus, frontal view +G +female paratype dorsal view +H +female paratype metasoma. + + + + +Material examined. + + +United States of America +- + +Alabama + +• +1 ♂ +; +Morgan +; +34.6059°N +, +86.9833°W +; alt + +178 m + + +; +Aug.1944 +; GE Bohart leg.; BBSL 511531 • + +2 ♀ +; +Houston +, +Cowarts +; +31.2°N +, +85.3047°W +, +1 Aug. 1916 +;> AMNH 00260371 to 00260372 + +. - + + +Arkansas + +• +1 ♂ +; +Monroe +, +Cotton Plant +, +5.4 mi +SWbS; +34.9327°N +, +91.2726°W +; alt. + +54 m + + +; +21 Jul. 2015 +; P.L. Stephenson leg.; BBSL 1027862 • + +1 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; BBSL 1027868 + +• + +1 ♀ +; +Prairie Des Arc +, +6.8 mi +SE, +Cache River +NWR; +34.9231°N +, +91.3959°W +; alt. + +50 m + + +; +24 Jun. 2015 +; P.L. Stephenson leg.; BBSL 1027864 • + +1 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; BBSL 1027863 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +Monroe +, +Brinkley +, +7.6 mi +SW; +34.8521°N +, +91.3242°W +; alt. + + +49 m + +. + + +; +16 Jul. 2015 +; PL Stephenson leg.; BBSL 1027865 • + +1 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; BBSL 1027867 + +• + +1 ♂ +; +St. Charles +, +4.4 mi +SWbS; +White River +NWR. + + +55 m + +. + + +34.3117 +, +-91.1213 +. +24-VII-2015 +. P.L. Stephenson; BBSL 102786. - + + +Illinois + +• +13 ♂ +; +Calhoun +, +Two Rivers +NWR, HQ TI3S-RIW-S. 16; +38.94888°N +, +90.5889°W +; +2 Jul. 2012 +; +B Loges +leg.;> AMNH 00260559 to 00260571 + +- + + +Indiana + +• +1 ♀ +; +Ripley +, +Friendship +; +38.9703°N +, +85.1477°W +, alt. + +194 m + + +; on + +Hibiscus syriacus + +; +29 Jul. 1950 +; LW Chandler leg.; BBSL 511562 - + + +Iowa + +• +2 ♂ +; +Louisa +, +Port Louisa +NWR (HSB6) +Rush Lake Rd. +; +41.22°N +, +91.12°W +; +3 Jul. 2012 +; +J Young +;> AMNH 00260557 to 00260558 + +- + + +Kansas + +• +1 ♂ +; +Crawford Pittsburg +, 404 +West Jefferson Street +; +37.40049°N +, +94.7119°W +; alt. + +286 m + + +; on + +Hibiscus syriacus + +; +14 Jun. 2010 +; BBSL 1046881 • + +1 ♀ +; same data as for preceding; +15 Jul. 2003 +; BBSL 1046887 + +• + +2 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; +15 Jul. 2003 +; BBSL 1046885 to 1046886 + +• + +2 ♂ +; +Crawford +, +Pittsburg +; +37.41092°N +, +94.6993°W +; alt. + +283 m + + +; on + +Hibiscus + +sp.; +20 Jul. 2003 +; BBSL 1046882 to 1046883 • + +2 ♀ +; +Douglas +, +Lawrence +, + +Mary's +Lake + +; +38.9284°N +, +95.2171°W +; alt. + +253 m + + +; +8 Aug. 1996 +; B Alexander leg.; BBSL 207987 to 207988 - + + +Kentucky + +• +1 ♂ +; +Franklin +, +Frankfort +, +Lakeview Park +; +38.21638°N +, +84.8303°W +; alt. + +231 m + + +; +25 Jul. 1999 +; DM Gordon leg.; on + +Helianthus + +sp.; BBSL 1047096 • + +2 ♀ +; same data as for preceding; + +on + +Ipomoea + + +sp.; +16-19 Jul. 2000 +; BBSL 1047109 to 1047110 + +• + +7 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; BBSL 1047097 to 1047106 + +• + +2 ♀ +; +Franklin. Frankfort +, 504 +Piaute Trail +; +38.2149°N +, +84.8362°W +; alt. + +227 m + + +; +1 Jun 1999 +; DM Gordon leg.; BBSL 1047111 to 1047112 - + + +Louisiana + +• +2 ♀ +; +Saint Tammany +, +Abita Creek +Preserve; +30.517°N +, +89.967°W +; +07 Aug. 2002 +; +D Prowell +leg.; + +on + +Hibiscus aculeatus + + +; BBSL 664704 to 664705 + +• + +2 ♂ +; same data as for preceding; BBSL 664706 to 664707 + +- + + +Mississippi + +• +1 ♀ +; +Pearl River +, +Poplarville +; +30.84°N +, +89.5342°W +; alt. + +102 m + + +; +18 Aug.1998 +; B Sampson leg.; on + +Hibiscus cannabinus + +; BBSL 511533 - + + +Virginia + +• +1 ♀ +; +Warren +; +39.006°N +, +78.071°W +; alt. + +159 m + + +; +03 Aug. 2014 +; E Bodnar; BBSL 1096111. + + + +Figure 7. + +Ptilothrix sumichrasti + +A +female +lectotype +habitus, lateral view +B +female +lectotype +habitus; frontal view +C +female +lectotype +, dorsal view +D +female +lectotype +habitus metasoma +E +male habitus, lateral view +F +male habitus, frontal view +G +male dorsal view +H +male metasoma. + + + + +Comments. + +This species is the most widely distributed in North America, its geographical range from Ontario, Canada ( +Sharkey et al. 2020 +) to South Texas and Florida (Fig. +5 +). It is mainly associated to flowers of + +Hibiscus + +, although occasionally visits species of + +Ipomoea + +. It is active mid- to late summer. + + + +Figure 8. + +Ptilothrix bombiformis + +A +female lectotype habitus, lateral view +B +female lectotype habitus; frontal view +C +female lectotype, dorsal view +D +female lectotype habitus metasoma +E +male habitus, lateral view +F +male habitus, frontal view +G +male dorsal view +H +male metasoma. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E0/17/16E017D8EE8F69F702060B53E32049B4.xml b/data/16/E0/17/16E017D8EE8F69F702060B53E32049B4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e7de9ca8618 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E0/17/16E017D8EE8F69F702060B53E32049B4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Muridae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +1189 +1531 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Rattus mollicomulus +Tate and Archbold 1935 + + + + + + + +Rattus mollicomulus +Tate and Archbold 1935 + +, + +Am. +Mus +. Novit., 802: 4 + + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Indonesia +, +Sulawesi +, SW +Sulawesi +, + +Gunung Lampobatang, Wawokaraeng, + +1500 m + + +. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: + +Lampobatang +Sulawesi +Rat + +. + + + + +Distribution: +Known only from higher slopes of +Gunung Lampobatang +, +Sulawesi +( +Musser and Holden, 1991 +). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Vulnerable. + + + + +Discussion: + +Rattus rattus + +species group. Morphological and distributional limits outlined by +Musser and Holden (1991) +, who also provided past historical allocations of the name. Closest relative is + +R. hoffmanni + +, which occurs in lowlands of the SW peninsula and throughout the rest of +Sulawesi +(see that account). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E0/85/16E08543141154AA8B45E7204BD10DEC.xml b/data/16/E0/85/16E08543141154AA8B45E7204BD10DEC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4189e1cb222 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E0/85/16E08543141154AA8B45E7204BD10DEC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,196 @@ + + + +An illustrated catalogue of the type specimens of Lepidoptera (Insecta) housed in the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH): Part I. superfamilies Hepialoidea, Cossoidea, and Zygaenoidea + + + +Author + +Zahiri, Reza +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6274-6973 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Entomology Laboratory, Bldg. 18, 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON K 1 A 0 C 6, Canada +reza.zahiri@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Tarmann, Gerhard +Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum der Tiroler Landesmuseen, Ferdinandeum, Krajnc-Strasse 1, 6060 Hall, Austria + + + +Author + +Efetov, Konstantin A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-7264 +Laboratory of Biotechnology and Department of Biological Chemistry, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, RU- 295051, Simferopol, Russia + + + +Author + +Rajaei, Hossein +Department Entomology, State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Seidel, Matthias +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4913-8778 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Jaenicke, Birgit +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany & Museum fuer Naturkunde, Invalidenstrasse 43; 10115 Berlin, Germany + + + +Author + +Dalsgaard, Thure +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Sikora, Marcy +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + + + +Author + +Husemann, Martin +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5536-6681 +Centrum fuer Naturkunde, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany + +text + + +Evolutionary Systematics + + +2021 + +2021-03-22 + + +5 + + +1 + + +39 +70 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62003 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.62003 +2535-0730-1-39 +DEAAFC263BF64BAE9477135FC015082A +32A8ABA3497F5334A9B15F91274948F4 + + + + +59. +Zygaena zapateri ab. rubrior Reiss, 1958 + + + + +Zygaena zapateri ab. rubrior +Reiss, 1958: Bulletin de la +Societe +entomologique de Mulhouse 1958: 47. + + + +Original material examined. + + +Labelled as " +Type +/ Cotype" +3♂♂ +(ZMH 835559- ZMH 835561) (Fig. +59 +). "Sierra Alta de / Albarracin + +1700 m + +/ 5-25.7.35. / coll. +Herbert Noack. +// +Type +// +Type +m / +zapateri +ab / rubrior +Reiss +/ 1936 / +H. Reiss +// ZMH 835559"; " +Dr. Geipke +// Sierra Alta de / Albarracin + +1700 m + +/ 5-25.7.35. / coll. +Herbert Noack. +// Cotypen // ZMH 835560"; " +Dr. Geipke +// Sierra Alta de / Albarracin + +1700 m + +/ 5-25.7.35. / coll. +Herbert Noack. +// ZMH 835561" + +. + + + +Original locality. +"Sierra Alta de Albarracin" [Spain: Teruel, Albarracin, Sierra Alta, 1700 m]. + + +Current status. +Infrasubspecific and hence unavailable name. + + +Remarks. + +Reiss (1958) +proposed this name as an aberration of + +Z. zapateri + +Reiss, 1936. Therefore, it is deemed to be infrasubspecific, it is hence unavailable (Article 45.6.2, +ICZN 1999 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E0/B6/16E0B68E57029A30B6E294311B1BAB70.xml b/data/16/E0/B6/16E0B68E57029A30B6E294311B1BAB70.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e41034c055 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E0/B6/16E0B68E57029A30B6E294311B1BAB70.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Order Rodentia - Family Cricetidae + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2 + + + +955 +1189 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316535 + + + + + +Microtus (Alexandromys) mujanensis +Orlov and Kovalskaya 1978 + + + + + + + +Microtus (Alexandromys) mujanensis +Orlov and Kovalskaya 1978 + +, +Zool. Zh., 57: 1224 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Russia +, Buryat, Bauntovski Dist., Vitim River Basin, Muya Valley. + + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Muya Valley Vole +. + + + + +Distribution: +Known only from vicinity of the type locality (Meyer et al., 1996). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Critically Endangered. + + + + +Discussion: +Subgenus + +Alexandromys + +, + +maximowiczii + +species group ( +Pavlinov and Rossolimo, 1998 +; + +Pavlinov et al., 1995 +a + +; +Zagorodnyuk, 1990 +). A member of subgenus + +Microtus + +according to +Pavlinov and Rossolimo (1987) +and Meyer et al. (1996). Analysis of molar variation in the + +M. maximowiczii + +species group indicates close relationship between + +M. mujanensis + +(2n = 38, FN = 50-53) and + +M. evoronensis + +(2n = 40, FN = 58) ( +Pozdnyakov, 1993 +), as does integration of morphological, karyological, and hybridization data ( +Meyer, 1983 +; Meyer et al., 1996). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E1/6A/16E16A963D8310D9BAFCF9A629F0CFF1.xml b/data/16/E1/6A/16E16A963D8310D9BAFCF9A629F0CFF1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..908a995f92c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E1/6A/16E16A963D8310D9BAFCF9A629F0CFF1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Meringopus cyanator (Gravenhorst, 1829) + + + + +Cryptus cyanator +Gravenhorst, 1829 + + +Meringopus cyanator +? +fuscescens +(Gmelin, 1790, +Ichneumon +) + + +Meringopus cyanator +? +roeselii +(Bechstein & Scharfenberg, 1805, +Ichneumon +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E2/31/16E2310DA9581B01FB1A4A9D24C90071.xml b/data/16/E2/31/16E2310DA9581B01FB1A4A9D24C90071.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1012b068ea3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E2/31/16E2310DA9581B01FB1A4A9D24C90071.xml @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ + + + +A catalogue of the fishes held in the Istanbul University, Science Faculty, Hydrobiology Museum. + + + +Author + +Nurettin Meriç + + + +Author + +Lütfiye Eryilmaz + + + +Author + +Müfit Özulug + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1472 + + +29 +54 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:428F3980-C1B8-45FF-812E-0F4847AF6786 + +journal article +z01472p029 + + + + +Dentex maroccanus Valenciennes, 1830 + + + + + +Aegean Sea +: +15000-284 +(5 spc.), + +12.05.1967 + +, +Edremit Bay, 64 m +, +M. Demir + +; + +15000-557 +(1 spc.), + +13.08.1989 + +, + + +Goekova + +Bay + +, +trawl +, 76 m, + +N. +Meric + + +; + +15000-283 +(2 spc.), + +13.08.1989 + +, + + +Goekova + +Bay + +, +trawl +, 76 m, + +N. +Meric + + +; + +15000-275 +(1 spc.), + +13.08.1989 + +, + + +Goekova + +Bay + +, +trawl +, 76 m, + +N. +Meric + + +; + +15000-282 +(2 spc.), + +13.08.1989 + +, + + +Goekova + +Bay + +, +trawl +, 76 m, + +N. +Meric + + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E2/BA/16E2BAF8889259D5B3882ACB50154126.xml b/data/16/E2/BA/16E2BAF8889259D5B3882ACB50154126.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..67d4deae5da --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E2/BA/16E2BAF8889259D5B3882ACB50154126.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +Annotated type catalogue of the Bulimulidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Orthalicoidea) in the Natural History Museum, London + + + +Author + +Breure, Abraham S. H. +Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P. O. Box 9517, Leiden, the Netherlands +bbreure@xs4all.nl + + + +Author + +Ablett, Jonathan D. +Natural History Museum, Division of Higher Invertebrates, London, SW 7 5 BD, UK + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-03-21 + + +392 + + +1 +367 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.392.6328 +1313-2970-392-1 +FFCF5A59FFB1FF93FFF10B43FFAFFFF5 +578044 + + + + + +Helix rocayana +d'Orbigny +, 1835 + +Figs 15K-L +, L52iv + + + + +Helix rocayana + +d'Orbigny +1835 + +: 13. + + +Bulimus rocayanus +; + +d'Orbigny +1837 [1834-1847] + +: 277, pl. 33 figs 6-7 [19 June / 7 Aug 1837; text 23 April 1838]; +Gray 1854 +: 16. + + +Naesiotus rocayanus +; +Breure 1975b +: 1147 (lectotype designation). + + + +Type locality. +"provincia Santa Cruz de la Sierra (republica Boliviana)". + + +Label. + +"rio Grande. Sta Cruz (Bolivia)", in +d'Orbigny's +handwriting. + + + +Dimensions. +"Latit. 14 millim. [see remarks]; longit. 8 millim."; figured specimen herein H 22.9, D 9.07, W 8.5. + + +Type material. + +NHMUK 1854.12.4.176, six paralectotypes ( +d'Orbigny +coll.). + + + +Remarks. + + +d'Orbigny +(1838 [1834-1847]) + +corrected the measurements to "Longueur totale, 24 +millimetres" +, and specified the locality as "les bois +epais +qui bordent le Rio grande (...) surtout +pres +du hameau de Pacu" (see +Breure 1973 +: 128, fig. 5). + + + +Current systematic position. + +Bulimulidae +, + +Naesiotus rocayanus + +( +d'Orbigny +, 1835). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E2/CF/16E2CFFAD3946337C1319B022B2BCADB.xml b/data/16/E2/CF/16E2CFFAD3946337C1319B022B2BCADB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..29d4c0b564c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E2/CF/16E2CFFAD3946337C1319B022B2BCADB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,83 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + +Micronephthys sphaerocirrata (Wesenberg-Lund, 1949) + + + + +Micronephthys sphaerocirrata +(Wesenberg-Lund, 1949)| +Nephthys sphaerocirrata +Wesenberg-Lund, 1949 + + + +Notes + +Ravara et al. (2010) +regard the presence of the species in the Mediterranean as doubtful due to its otherwise Indo-Pacific distribution. Greek specimens may also have been confused with +Micronephthys stammeri +(Augener, 1932) in the past. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E2/EE/16E2EEBEF1FE2D993B0244190615CD96.xml b/data/16/E2/EE/16E2EEBEF1FE2D993B0244190615CD96.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e0661f6e0a1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E2/EE/16E2EEBEF1FE2D993B0244190615CD96.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Exochus albicinctus Holmgren, 1873 + + + + +anospilus +Thomson, 1887 + + +nigricans +( +Szepligeti +, 1898, +Amesolytus +) + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E3/33/16E333580DF1216D88941A9429CF1BE1.xml b/data/16/E3/33/16E333580DF1216D88941A9429CF1BE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db3c51c70e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E3/33/16E333580DF1216D88941A9429CF1BE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ + + + +Voyage de M. E. Simon à l'île de Ceylan (janvier - février 1892). 3 e Mémoire. Formicides. + + + +Author + +Emery, C. + +text + + +Annales de la Société Entomologique de France + + +1893 + +62 + + +239 +258 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3767/3767.pdf + +journal article +3767 +04A75521-B9F8-4ADE-967F-ACAF45DA916F + + + + +Tetramorium Doriae +Emery. + + + +J'ai decrit cette espece sur des exemplaires provenant d'Assab. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E3/72/16E372532CBAC6746BF575717B2809AD.xml b/data/16/E3/72/16E372532CBAC6746BF575717B2809AD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9e14e4713eb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E3/72/16E372532CBAC6746BF575717B2809AD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828--9042 + + + + +Eutanyacra crispatoria (Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + +Ichneumon crispatorius +Linnaeus, 1758 + + +limbatoria +(Thunberg, 1824, +Ichneumon +) + + +rufatoria +(Gravenhorst, 1829, +Ichneumon +) preocc. + + +nemoralis +(Tischbein, 1876, +Ichneumon +) preocc. + + +laticincta +(Rudow, 1888, +Amblyteles +) + + +bicuspis +(Berthoumieu, 1892, +Amblyteles +) + + +pallidior +(Pic, 1898, +Amblyteles +) + + + +Distribution +England, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E3/F1/16E3F15E8BA54FFF0460FE6EE2CF2CB3.xml b/data/16/E3/F1/16E3F15E8BA54FFF0460FE6EE2CF2CB3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a20b5a8ccd5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E3/F1/16E3F15E8BA54FFF0460FE6EE2CF2CB3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Buprestinae +incertae sedis + + + + +†Glaphyropteridae +Pongracz +, 1935: 541 [stem: Glaphyropter-]. Type genus: +Glaphyroptera +Heer, 1852. Comment: the older name +Glaphyropteridae +Brauer, 1852 is a collective name for most +Neuroptera +in the present sense and it is not based on a genus name (Ponomarenko 2009 pers. comm.). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E4/13/16E413223E65F7FB29528BE9E7F5FDEA.xml b/data/16/E4/13/16E413223E65F7FB29528BE9E7F5FDEA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..905b11a1e8d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E4/13/16E413223E65F7FB29528BE9E7F5FDEA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,833 @@ + + + +Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve + + + +Author + +Telfer, Angela C +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +atelfer@uoguelph.ca + + + +Author + +Young, Monica R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Quinn, Jenna +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobel, Crystal N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sones, Jayme E +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Derbyshire, Rachael +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose +CNC, Ottawa, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 + + + +Author + +Rougerie, Rodolphe +Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Thevanayagam, Abinah +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Boskovic, Adrian +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Borisenko, Alex V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-3057 + + + +Author + +Cadel, Alex +University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pages, Anais +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Castillo, Anibal H +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0528 + + + +Author + +Nicolai, Annegret +EcoBio, Universite of Rennes, Rennes, France + + + +Author + +Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Bukowski, Belen +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Wilson, Bill +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Trojahn, Brock +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Lacroix, Carole Ann +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Brimblecombe, Chris +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hay, Christoper +University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Ho, Christmas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Steinke, Claudia +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Warne, Connor P +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Garrido Cortes, Cristina +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Engelking, Daniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Wright, Danielle +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lijtmaer, Dario A +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Gascoigne, David +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Hernandez Martich, David +Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo DR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic + + + +Author + +Morningstar, Derek +Myotistar, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Neumann, Dirk +SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Steinke, Dirk +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Dobias, Dylan +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sears, Elizabeth +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Richard, Ellen +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Damstra, Emily +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Zakharov, Evgeny V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Laberge, Frederic +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Collins, Gemma E +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin A +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Grainge, Gerrie +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Ansell, Graham +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Meredith, Greg +Grand River Conservation Authority, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hogg, Ian +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +McKeown, Jaclyn +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Topan, Janet +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Bracey, Jason +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Guenther, Jerry +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Sills-Gilligan, Jesse +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Addesi, Joseph +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Persi, Joshua +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Layton, Kara K S +The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia + + + +Author + +D'Souza, Kareina +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dorji, Kencho +National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan + + + +Author + +Grundy, Kevin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nghidinwa, Kirsti +Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia + + + +Author + +Ronnenberg, Kylee +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lee, Kyung Min +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Xie, Linxi +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Lu, Liuqiong +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Penev, Lyubomir +Pensoft, Sofia, Bulgaria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-5033 + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Mailyn +Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia + + + +Author + +Rosati, Margaret E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kekkonen, Mari +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Kuzmina, Maria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Iskandar, Marianne +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Mutanen, Marko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pentinsaari, Mikko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Bauman, Miriam +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nikolova, Nadya +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ivanova, Natalia V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Jones, Nathaniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Weerasuriya, Nimalka +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Monkhouse, Norman +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lavinia, Pablo D +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Jannetta, Paul +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hanisch, Priscila E +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +McMullin, R. Troy +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ojeda Flores, Rafael +Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Mouttet, Raphaelle +ANSES, Laboratoire de la Sante des Vegetaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France + + + +Author + +Vender, Reid +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Labbee, Renee N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Forsyth, Robert +New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0158 + + + +Author + +Lauder, Rob +London Homeopathy, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Dickson, Ross +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Kroft, Ruth +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Miller, Scott E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +MacDonald, Shannon +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Panthi, Sishir +Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal + + + +Author + +Pedersen, Stephanie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobek-Swant, Stephanie +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Naik, Suresh +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lipinskaya, Tatsiana +Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus + + + +Author + +Eagalle, Thanushi +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Decaens, Thibaud +Universite de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Kosuth, Thibault +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Braukmann, Thomas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Woodcock, Tom +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Roslin, Tomas +University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland + + + +Author + +Zammit, Tony +Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Campbell, Victoria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dinca, Vlad +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Peneva, Vlada +Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +deWaard, Jeremy R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +dewaardj@uoguelph.ca + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6313 +6313 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 +1314-2828-3-e6313 +FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1 +574474 + + + + +Myolepta nigra Loew, 1972 + + + +Notes +BOLD:AAV0836 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E4/AB/16E4AB9F5529EC6F679E6641D0A9AE1D.xml b/data/16/E4/AB/16E4AB9F5529EC6F679E6641D0A9AE1D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ab29e86fe06 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E4/AB/16E4AB9F5529EC6F679E6641D0A9AE1D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ + + + +Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini) + + + +Author + +Moore, Matthew R. +Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA +cyclocephala@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Cave, Ronald D. +Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Indian River Research and Education Center, 2199 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA + + + +Author + +Branham, Marc A. +Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Building 1881 Natural Area Drive, Steinmetz Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +2018-03-22 + + +745 + + +101 +378 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.745.23685 +1313-2970-745-101 +8785DC6BC2A244FD94B6243EB07C717F +047DFFCAFFA5F32EA97C873F4708943F +1222435 + + + + +Genus +Stenocrates Burmeister, 1847 + + + + +Stenocrates +Burmeister, 1847: 83-84 [original usage]. + + + +Type species. + + +Scarabaeus laborator + +Fabricius, subsequent designation by +Casey 1915 +: 114. + + + +Keys. + + +Endrodi +1966 + +, +1985a +, + +Moron +1979 + +(Veracruz, Mexico), + +Moron +et al. 1985 + +(Chiapas, Mexico), + +Moron +et al. 1985 + +(Jalisco, Mexico), +Jameson et al. 2002 +, +Ratcliffe 2003 +(Costa Rica and Panama), +Ratcliffe and Cave 2006 +(Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador), +Ratcliffe et al. 2013 +(Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize), +Ratcliffe and Cave 2015 +(West Indies), +Ratcliffe 2015 +(catalog), +Pardo-Locarno 2013 +(Valle del Cauca, Colombia), +Villalobos-Moreno et al. 2017 +(Colombia), +Dupuis 2017 +(French Guiana). + + + +Valid taxa. +52 species and subspecies + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E4/E1/16E4E162D71FB11480B2B76939B7F493.xml b/data/16/E4/E1/16E4E162D71FB11480B2B76939B7F493.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c59cddc14b8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E4/E1/16E4E162D71FB11480B2B76939B7F493.xml @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ + + + +Four new species of Cymatodera Gray from Mexico (Coleoptera, Cleridae, Tillinae) + + + +Author + +Burke, Alan F. + + + +Author + +Zolnerowich, Gregory + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +387 + + +33 +49 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.6827 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.387.6827 +1313-2970-387-33 +462836DE651F47528897C8F1A0E41C73 +462836DE651F47528897C8F1A0E41C73 + + + + +Cymatodera bogcioides Burke +sp. n. +Figs 1, 6, 11, 16, 17, 26, 30, 31 + + + +Type material. + +Holotype: male, Mexico, Jalisco, Careyes, Hotel Costa Careyes, 7-VII-1991, tropical deciduous forest, at light, J. Rifkind and P. Gum, printed red label, holotype deposited in CASC. Paratypes: 3 males and 2 females. 1 male and 1 female: +same +data as holotype except male collected 4-7-VII-1991 and female collected 6-7-VII-1991 (JNRC); 1 male: Mexico, Jalisco, Estacion Biologica Chamela, 10-20-VII-1985, E. Giesbert (FSCA); 1 male: Mexico, Jalisco, Estacion de Biologia Chamela, UNAM, 14-IX-1993, Black light, Morris, Huether and Wappes, (RFMC); 1 female: Mexico, Jalisco, vic. Chamela UNAM, 19-IX-1993, J. E. Wappes (JEWC). + + + +Differential diagnosis. + +Males of +Cymatodera bogcioides +are characterized by the presence of a broad, rather deep carina that extends transversely on the first visible ventrite (Fig. 30). +Bogcia oaxacae +Barr, +Cymatodera limatula +Burke, and +Cymatodera obliquefasciata +Schaeffer also have a transversal carina on the first visible ventrite and similar antennae. From these, +Cymatodera bogcioides +is most similar to the sympatric +Bogcia oaxacae +(Fig. 5) and can be distinguished from +Bogcia oaxacae +by the shape of antennomeres 4-11 (Figs 6, 10). +Cymatodera bogcioides +has the antennomeres 4-10 longer than broad and the posterior distal angle of these is somewhat blunt or rounded, the last antennomere is longer than the ninth and tenth antennomeres, and its distal margin is compressed medially (Fig. 6). +Bogcia oaxacae +has antennomeres 4-10 as broad as long and the posterior distal angle sharply pointed, and the last antennomere is about the same length as the tenth antennomere, with its distal margin moderately oblique (Fig. 10). Differences in the protarsal unguis and abdominal segments are also evident for these species. The position of the protarsal claw is very close to the denticle in +Bogcia oaxacae +, but conspicuously separated in +Cymatodera bogcioides +. In addition, the male of +Cymatodera bogcioides +has the posterior margin of the sixth visible ventrite moderately emarginate (Fig. 16), and the posterior margin of the sixth tergite broadly rounded (Fig. 17), while the male of +Bogcia oaxacae +has the posterior margin of the sixth visible ventrite and sixth tergite narrowly truncate (Figs 24-25). The female terminalia of these two species is very similar (Figs 26, 29); as a result, identification of the female of +Cymatodera bogcioides +is only possible in combination with male specimens. Likewise, differences in the male genitalia are also apparent for these species. +Cymatodera bogcioides +has the lateral margin of the tegmen triangular, with the parameres moderately developed (Fig. 11) while +Bogcia oaxacae +has the lateral margins of the tegmen subparallel with the anterior 1/3 strongly oblique, and the parameres are poorly developed (Fig. 15). + + + +Figures 1-5. Habitus of: 1 +Cymatodera bogcioides +(holotype male) 2 +Cymatodera pueblae +sp. n. (holotype male) 3 +Cymatodera mitae +sp. n. (holotype male) 4 +Cymatodera lineata +sp. n. (holotype male) 5 +Bogcia oaxacae +(male). Scale bars = 1 mm. + + + + +Figures 6-10. Antennae of: 6 +Cymatodera bogcioides +male 7 +Cymatodera pueblae +(male) 8 +Cymatodera mitae +(male) 9 +Cymatodera lineata +(male) 10 +Bogcia oaxacae +(male). + + + + +Figures 11-15. Male genitalia of: 11 +Cymatodera bogcioides +12 +Cymatodera pueblae +13 +Cymatodera mitae +14 +Cymatodera lineata +15 +Bogcia oaxacae +. + + + + +Figures 16-29. Terminalia of: 16 +Cymatodera bogcioides +(male, ventral view) 17 +Cymatodera bogcioides +(male, dorsal view) 18 +Cymatodera pueblae +(male, ventral view) 19 +Cymatodera pueblae +(male, dorsal view) 20 +Cymatodera mitae +(male, ventral view) 21 +Cymatodera mitae +(male, dorsal view) 22 +Cymatodera lineata +(male, ventral view) 23 +Cymatodera lineata +(male, dorsal view) 24 +Bogcia oaxacae +(male, ventral view) 25 +Bogcia oaxacae +(male, dorsal view) 26 +Cymatodera bogcioides +(female ventral view) 27 +Cymatodera pueblae +(female ventral view) 28 +Cymatodera mitae +(female ventral view) 29 +Bogcia oaxacae +(female, ventral view). + + + + +Figures 30-33. First and second visible ventrites of: 30 +Cymatodera bogcioides +(male) 31 +Cymatodera bogcioides +(female) 32 +Cymatodera mitae +(male) 33 +Cymatodera mitae +(female). Arrows indicate transverse carinae. + + + + +Description. +Holotype. Medium-sized, rather robust, posterior wings fully developed, TL = 12.75 mm. Color: Head, pronotum, prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum ferruginous, remainder of body uniformly brown. Each elytron with two pairs of dark maculae, the first pair dark brown, located on the humeral angles, the second pair on the median region of the elytral ground, this pair extends from the second to the fifth stria (Fig. 1). + +Head: HL = 1.2 mm, HW = 2.2 mm. Measured across eyes wider than pronotum; finely, moderately punctate, vested with semirecumbent setae; surface slightly rugose; frons moderately bi-impressed; eyes large, feebly emarginate in front, rounded, bulging laterally, separated by approximately 1.2 eye-widths. Antennae loosely composed, extending slightly beyond elytral base; third antennomere 2.0 +x +longer than second antennomere, antennomeres 4-10 subequal in length, longer than broad, strongly serrate; blunt at posterolateral portion; last antennomere 2.1 +x +longer than tenth antennomere (Fig. 6). + + +Thorax +: PL = 2.75 mm, PW = 1.85 mm. Pronotum widest at middle; sides constricted subapically, more strongly constricted behind middle; disc flat, not constricted in front of middle; moderately vested with short, semirecumbent setae intermixed with less numerous, semierect setae; surface rather rugose, rugosity becoming more apparent on sides; moderately punctate, punctation somewhat shallow and less numer +ous +on disk; subbasal tumescence feebly indicated. Prosternum smooth, very feebly puncticulate, slightly rugose. Mesosternum moderately, coarsely punctate; scarcely vested with fine, recumbent setae. Metasternum convex; moderately, finely punctate; mesal area with a longitudinal sulcus; covered with fine, recumbent setae. + +Legs: Clothed with semirecumbent, semierect, and erect setae of various sizes; femora moderately, shallowly puncticulate, rugulose; tibia moderately, shallowly punctate, rugose; fourth protarsomere with pulvillus medially incised, incision does not extend beyond apical fourth. + +Elytra: EL = 7.7 mm, EW = 3.5 mm; broader than pronotum; humeri indicated, rounded; sides subparallel; widest behind middle; disc flattened above; surface shiny, slightly rugose; apices subquadrate; moderately dehiscent; elytral declivity moderately steep; clothed with short, semierect setae intermixed with less numerous, long, semierect and erect setae; sculpture consisting of coarse punctations arranged in regular striae that gradually become smaller and shallower behind posterior 1/4, punctations not reaching elytral apex; interstices at elytral base about 2.5 +x +width of punctation. + +Abdomen: Ventrites 1-5 rugose; moderately, finely punctate; clothed with long, fine, recumbent setae. First ventrite convex; subquadrate; posterior margin conspicuously elevated with a transverse carina originating next to posterolateral angles producing a broad, deep, arcuate emargination (Fig. 30). Second visible ventrite somewhat convex; subquadrate; posterior margin slightly elevated with a longitudinal carina producing a moderately broad, rather deep, arcuate emargination. Ventrites 3-4 convex; subquadrate; posterior margin truncate. Fifth visible ventrite convex; lateral margins oblique; posterior margin broadly, deeply emarginate, emargination extending to posterior third of its length; hind angles rounded (Fig. 16). Sixth ventrite subtriangular; surface rugulose; feebly convex; broader than long; lateral margins feebly arcuate, strongly oblique; posterolateral angles rounded; posterior margin broadly, very feebly, shallowly emarginate. Fifth tergite convex; surface rugulose; subquadrate; posterior margin very feebly, narrowly emarginate (Fig. 17). Sixth tergite feebly convex; semicircular; lateral and posterior margins broadly rounded. Sixth tergite extending beyond apical margin of sixth visible ventrite, fully covering sixth ventrite from dorsal view. Aedeagus: 1.95 mm long; ratio of length of paramere to whole tegmen 0.35: 1; tegmen partially covering phallus; parameres moderately developed, pointed at apex; phallobase wide; phallus with copulatory piece acuminate distally; phallic plate devoid of denticles, finely granulate on posterolateral area; phallobasic apodeme rather long, moderately robust distally; endophallic struts slender throughout length (Fig. 11). + +Females in the type series differ from males by having the first visible ventrite moderately longer than males, and ventrites 1-2 posteriorly truncate and lacking the moderately elevated transversal carina (Fig. 31). Other abdominal differences in the female are as follows: fifth visible ventrite rugulose; lateral margins oblique; posterior margin shallowly, moderately broadly emarginate. Sixth visible ventrite semicircular; rugulose; feebly convex; lateral and posterior margins broadly rounded (Fig. 26). Fifth +tergite +rugulose; subtriangular; lateral margins oblique; posterior margin shallowly, moderately broadly and triangularly emarginate. Sixth tergite subtriangular; rugulose; broader than long; surface inconspicuously convex; lateral and posterior margins strongly oblique, producing a rather continuous and semicircular margin. Sixth tergite extending beyond sixth visible ventrite. + + + +Variation. +Length of males 12.2-14.9 mm, length of females 12.3-15.2 mm; n = 4. Length to width ratio of head: males average 0.65, females 0.74. Length to width ratio of thorax: males average 1.53, females average 1.49. Length to width ratio of elytra: males average 2.33, females average 2.39. Two males and one female have a slightly more obscure coloration on the elytral ground, these individuals have the humeral maculae completely black, rather than dark brown, as in the holotype. + + +Distribution. +The type series was collected in two localities close to each other in the western portion of the state of Jalisco, Mexico. The first locality is in Costa Careyes, in the Costalegre region, and the second locality is the UNAM Biological Research Station located in the Chamela-Cuitzmala natural reserve (Fig. 34). + + +Figure 34. Map of central Mexico showing geographic position of collecting localities for: +Cymatodera bogcioides +(yellow circles); +Cymatodera pueblae +(red circles); +Cymatodera mitae +(green circles); and +Cymatodera lineata +(light blue circles). + + + + +Etymology. + +The specific epithet refers to the resemblance of this species to +Bogcia oaxacae +and +Bogcia disjuncta +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E5/20/16E5205F5DCE56403735D25CCF0570AF.xml b/data/16/E5/20/16E5205F5DCE56403735D25CCF0570AF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..cc009e96c30 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E5/20/16E5205F5DCE56403735D25CCF0570AF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Guide to the littoral zone vascular flora of Carolina bay lakes (U. S. A.) + + + +Author + +Howell, Nathan + + + +Author + +Krings, Alexander + + + +Author + +Braham, Richard R + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7964 +7964 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7964 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7964 +1314-2828-4-7964 + + + + +Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik. + + + + +Amelanchier canadensis +Basionym: +Mespilus canadensis +L. + + +Amelanchier canadensis +Taxon concept: [=RAB, GW, FNA, Weakley] + + + +Distribution +Bay Tree Lake: Radford 1354 (NCU!) + + +Notes +Shrubs or small trees. Juncture of eulittoral and supralittoral zones. Mar−Apr; May−Jun. Fig. 189 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E6/2F/16E62F21CAEBC7B23E7453B832A1D1BC.xml b/data/16/E6/2F/16E62F21CAEBC7B23E7453B832A1D1BC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a532a4ff5a8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E6/2F/16E62F21CAEBC7B23E7453B832A1D1BC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - aculeates (Apoidea, Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea) + + + +Author + +Else, George R. + + + +Author + +Bolton, Barry + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8050 +8050 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8050 +1314-2828-4-8050 + + + + +Andrena (Micrandrena) nana (Kirby, 1802) + + + + +Melitta nana +Kirby, 1802 + + + +Distribution +England + + +Notes +Probably extinct in Britain. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E6/5C/16E65CF7A74A9F4C556C805EB95E657D.xml b/data/16/E6/5C/16E65CF7A74A9F4C556C805EB95E657D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9169551291b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E6/5C/16E65CF7A74A9F4C556C805EB95E657D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ + + + +Cordylancistrus nephelion (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), a new and endangered species of suckermouth armored catfish from the Tuy River, north-central Venezuela. + + + +Author + +Francisco Provenzano + + + +Author + +Nadia Milani + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2006 + +1116 + + +29 +41 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A3A1A678-3619-48D3-AD5F-1DD0F3A94E22 + +journal article +z01116p029 + + + + +C. platycephalus +: + + + +BMNH 1898.11.4.42, holotype, 110.3 mm SL; ANSP 153645, 2 ex., 86.6-115.4 mm SL; FMNH 97429, 1 ex., 90.1 mm SL. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E6/66/16E66630CAE953C42509E6CC64BDFB28.xml b/data/16/E6/66/16E66630CAE953C42509E6CC64BDFB28.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..08ec57ee47d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E6/66/16E66630CAE953C42509E6CC64BDFB28.xml @@ -0,0 +1,408 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Caryophyllaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/caryophyllaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Cerastium dubium +(Bastard) +Guepin + + + + + +Klebriges Hornkraut + + + + +Art ISFS: 103500 Checklist: 1011380 +Caryophyllaceae +Cerastium + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +10-35 cm +hoch, ohne sterile Triebe. + +Staengel +und +Blaetter +druesig-klebrig + +. +Blaetter +schmal-lanzettlich, bis +3 cm +lang. Alle + +Deckblaetter +krautig, ohne Hautrand + +. +Kronblaetter +weiss, +5-8 mm +lang, bis auf 1/4 ihrer +Laenge +ausgerandet, bedeutend +laenger +als die +Kelchblaetter +, diese +druesig +behaart. +Griffel 3 +. Kapsel 1,5-2,5mal so lang wie der Kelch, mit 6 +Zaehnen +aufspringend (bei den andern +C. +-Arten ausser + +C. cerastoides +Nr. 1177: 5 Griffel und Kapsel + +mit 10 +Zaehnen +). + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 4-6 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Ufer, +Graeben +, zeitweise +ueberschwemmte +Boeden +, selten adventiv / kollin / + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Mediterran + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +4 + w + 43+353.t.2n=38 + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Therophyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + +KEINE ANGABE + + +
+
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F--Lichtzahl L--Salzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl R--Temperaturzahl T--
+Naehrstoffzahl +N +-- +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +--
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Cerastium dubium +(Bastard) +Guepin + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Klebriges Hornkraut +Nom +francais +: + +Ceraiste +douteux + +Nome italiano: +Peverina anomala + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +Checklist 2017 + +103500
= + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +388
= + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +1178
= + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +1178
= + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +103500
= + +Cerastium dubium (Bastard) +Guepin + + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +103500
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: - + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E6/66/16E666CE73431C792E59DEB590150858.xml b/data/16/E6/66/16E666CE73431C792E59DEB590150858.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..06b186835a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E6/66/16E666CE73431C792E59DEB590150858.xml @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Balsaminaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +758 +760 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Impatiens noli-tangere +L. + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: Bis +1 m +hoch, +aestig +, kahl. +Blaetter +wechselstaendig +, gestielt, breit-lanzettlich, stumpf +gezaehnt +, +3-12 cm +lang. + +Blueten +gelb + +, einzeln oder zu wenigen, + +haengend +. Das kronblattartige Kelchblatt mit dem Sporn +2,5-3 cm +lang, der Sporn hakig +gekruemmt + +. Das unpaare Kronblatt +2,5 cm +lang und fast ebenso breit, mit roten Punkten. + +Frucht +2-3 cm +lang + +, +spindelfoermig +, kantig. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 6-8 + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Feuchte Waldstellen, Auen / kollin-montan(-subalpin) / CH + + +Verbreitung global: Eurosibirisch + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +sehr feucht; Feuchtigkeit +maessig +wechselnd ( ++/- +1-2 Stufen) +Lichtzahl LschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tunter-montan und ober-kollin
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Wald-Springkraut +, + +Ruehrmichnichtan + +Nom +francais +: +Impatiente ne-me-touchez-pas +, +Balsamine des bois +Nome italiano: +Balsamina gialla + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E6/6E/16E66E4032255829B8A8D1E37AEDD128.xml b/data/16/E6/6E/16E66E4032255829B8A8D1E37AEDD128.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..76809fed2b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E6/6E/16E66E4032255829B8A8D1E37AEDD128.xml @@ -0,0 +1,277 @@ + + + +Three new monobasic genera and three new species of the New World treehopper tribe Acutalini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae) with a key to all genera + + + +Author + +McKamey, Stuart H. +Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, c / o National Museum of Natural History, P. O. Box 37012, Washington, D. C. 20013, USA +stuart.mckamey@usda.gov + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2023 + +2023-01-31 + + +1143 + + +189 +203 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1143.94124 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1143.94124 +1313-2970-1143-189 +B53AD6038F904A3A82E130BE552A060A +DC50C0839CC954B387105DDA511ED9CD + + + + +Quinquespinosa septamacula +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 18-24 +, 25-31 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Frontoclypeal sutures bordered by conspicuous black spots; pronotum with pair of dorsal pale longitudinal stripes dorsally and another pair more laterally, at level of suprahumeral spines; posterior portion of pronotum with 7 distinct dark marks (Figs +22 +, +24 +): 2 pairs, one pair straddling the apical middle spine and the second pair more laterally, behind the bases of apical lateral spines, and one on each of the 3 posterior spines. + + + +Description. + +Measurements (mm). Length with forewing in repose ♂ 7.0-7.5, ♀ 8.0-8.5; width across suprahumeral spines ♂ 3.6-4.0, ♀ 4.1-4.3; height in anterior view ♂ 3.1-3.2, ♀ 3.2-3.4. + +Pronotum +. + +With apical lateral spine extending to Cu vein, middle spine attaining mid-point of Cu and M 3+4 (Fig. +20 +). + +Terminalia +. + +Male. Pygofer with lateral plate large, subquadrate in dorsal view (Fig. +25 +); subgenital plates subtriangular, tips rounded (Fig. +27 +); style recurved with acute apex (Figs +27-29 +); aedeagus narrow throughout, gradually recurved, its sides bearing short sharp points along outer margin (Figs +26 +, +28 +, +29 +). Female first valvula gradually narrowed, dorsal margin smooth in basal 3/4ths, weakly crenulate in distal +1/4 +(Fig. +30 +); second valvula dorsally smooth throughout (Fig. +31 +). +Color +(female Figs +18-20 +, male Figs +22-24 +). Yellow orange throughout except with 2 black marks along head lateral margin and pair straddling frontoclypeus larger than pair just below eyes, and in traverse narrow band on eyes (Figs +19 +, +23 +). Pronotum surprahumeral spine apex black, 4-5 pale longitudinal stripes (along lateral margins and laterally) in both genders (Figs +18-20 +, +22-24 +), and in male (Fig. +22 +) also on medial carina, and 7 black marks posteriorly (Figs +22 +, +24 +): 1 pair straddling base of middle apical spine, 1 pair lateral behind base of each lateral spine, and one on apex of each apical spine. + + + +Material examined. + + + +Holotype + +♂ +(EPNC) with labels " +ECUADOR +: NAPO: Reserva Ethnica | Waorani, +1 km +. S Onkone Gare | Camp Trans. Ent +9. Feb 1995 +| + +220m + +| +11-Feb-1995 +00 °39'10"S +076 °26'W +| +T.L Erwin +: et al ", "Insecticidal fogging of mostly bare | green leaves, some with covering | of lichenous or bryophytic plants in | terre firme forest At Trans 1, | Sta. 2 Project MAXUS Lot 1021." and red " +HOLOTYPE +| +Quinquespinosa +| +Quinquespinosa septamacula +| +S.H. McKamey. +" +Non-types +: +16 specimens +. Two (USNM) have the same data as the holotype except as noted: +1♀ +8-Feb-1996 +Lot 971; +1♀ +29-Jun-1994 +lot 755. The +other specimens +have the same data as the +holotype +except coordinates +00 °39'25.7"S +076 °27'10.8"W +and otherwise noted: +1♀ +8-Feb-1996 +lot#1470 (EPNC); +1♂ +, +1♀ +, 8-Feb-95 +Lot +952 (USNM); +1♂ +6-Oct-1994 +Lot +873 (EPNC); +1♀ +15-Jan-1994 +Lot +579 (USNM); +2♂ +6-Jul-1995 +Lot +1114 (EPNC); +1♀ +7 Oct-1995 +Lot +1239 (EPNC); +1♀ +, +8-Feb-1996 +Lot +1469 (USNM); +1♀ +3-Oct-1996 +Lot +1729 (USNM). +There +are four non-Ecuadorian specimens: +1♂ +, (INPA) " +BRAZIL +: AMAZONAS | Rio Januaca, 40 | km sw Manaus | +10 Mar 1979 +| +03 °20' S +. +060 °17'W +", "Montgomery, Erwin, | Sucharaov, Scxhimmel. | Kirischik, Date, | Bacon, Collectors", "White water inun- | dation forest canopy | fogged with Pyrethrum | Sample #62. +1♀ +(MNHN) "CAMOPI-OYAPOCK | GUYANE +19.Nov-1969 +, " +GUYANE +MISSION | BALACHOWSKY-GRUNER | OCT-NOV.1969", "Piege | lumineux", +"Museum +Paris | 1095-5". +2♀ +(1 MUSM, 1 USNM) with labels " +PERU +: +MADRE DE DIOS +| Rio Manu, BIOLAT Biol. Sta., | Pakitza, + +356m + +26 Sep 1991 +| +11°56'47"S +071°17'00"W +" | +T.L. Erwin +", "Insecticidal fog of bamboo at + +4m + +| green, scattered dry leaves, stems | +Tr. Zungaro +/3.5 Lot 121." + + + + +Distribution. +Brazil, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru. + + +Etymology. + +The specific epithet is feminine, based on the seven ( +septa +-) black marks (- +macula +) on the posterior portion of the pronotum. + + + +Notes. + +There is variability in the length of the suprahumeral spines and the size of the four preapical black spots (compare Figs +18 +and +22 +); neither is correlated to body size or gender. The pronotum of the specimen from French Guiana (MNHN) is unique in being black only on the tips of the five spines, lacking the four other black marks altogether and is considered to be a variety, possibly geographical, of the same species. + +The 13 specimens from Ecuador fogging samples in the Reserva Etnica Waorani were collected in January, February, June, July, and October, from 1994-1996. The Peruvian and French Guiana specimens were collected in September (1991) and November (1969), and the Brazilian specimen in March (1979). Considered together, the only gaps are April, May, August, and December. The April-May gap possibly represents the growth of a second generation but the one-month gaps are probably too short to indicate other generations. Other explanations are sampling error, annual or seasonal fluctuations in climate, or that the adults are present throughout the year at least somewhere in their large range. +All specimens were collected by insecticidal fogging of the tree canopy (one from inundation forest and the others from terre firme forest) except the specimen from French Guiana, which was collected at a light trap. Although various leafhoppers feed on bamboo, no treehoppers have been found feeding on it, so the bamboo record for the Peruvian specimen is probably not its host plant. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E6/A3/16E6A34A63BF6A03861BAE23A8BD27BD.xml b/data/16/E6/A3/16E6A34A63BF6A03861BAE23A8BD27BD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0b8d696b485 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E6/A3/16E6A34A63BF6A03861BAE23A8BD27BD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + + +Order Peramelemorphia + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +38 +42 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Microperoryctes +Stein 1932 + + + + + + + +Microperoryctes +Stein 1932 + +, +Z. Saugetierk., 7: 256 + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Microperoryctes murina +Stein 1932 + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Ornoryctes +Tate and Archbold 1937 + +. + + + + +Species and subspecies: +3 species with 3 subspecies: + + +Species + +Microperoryctes longicauda +(Peters and Doria 1876) + + + +Subspecies + +Microperoryctes longicauda +subsp. +longicauda +Peters and Doria 1876 + + + +Subspecies + +Microperoryctes longicauda +subsp. +dorsalis +Thomas 1922 + + + +Subspecies + +Microperoryctes longicauda +subsp. +ornatus +Thomas 1904 + + + +Species + +Microperoryctes murina +Stein 1932 + + + +Species + +Microperoryctes papuensis +Laurie 1952 + + + + + +Discussion: +For synonymy of + +Ornoryctes + +with + +Microperoryctes + +instead of with + +Peroryctes + +, see +Groves and Flannery (1990) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E7/65/16E7650E4B8D380A7F8AC272E0FEE385.xml b/data/16/E7/65/16E7650E4B8D380A7F8AC272E0FEE385.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..30f860c0adb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E7/65/16E7650E4B8D380A7F8AC272E0FEE385.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Systematics of the family Ariidae (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes), with a redefinition of the genera. + + + +Author + +Alexandre P. Marceniuk + + + +Author + +Naércio A. Menezes + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1416 + + +1 +126 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FFC65592-D8DB-41BE-AEAC-A41EAB6C6185 + +journal article +z01416p001 + + + + +Arius uncinatus +Ng & Sparks, 2003 + + + + +Arius uncinatus +Ng & Sparks, 2003: 12, fig. 7. + +Type locality: +Lake Andrapongy near Antsohihi +, +Madagascar +. +Holotype +: + +MHNG +2622.81 + +. + + +Paratypes +: + +AMNH +211458 + +, + + + +MHNG +2537.66 + +, + + + +UMMZ +238058 + +. + + + + +Distribution: Lake Andrapongy, Madagascar +Countries: Madagascar + + +Habitat: Freshwater. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E7/F4/16E7F4EFE8E7DAB7DD09EF86548EBDE4.xml b/data/16/E7/F4/16E7F4EFE8E7DAB7DD09EF86548EBDE4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dd4f75294b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E7/F4/16E7F4EFE8E7DAB7DD09EF86548EBDE4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,126 @@ + + + +The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka: an annotated provisional catalogue, regional checklist and bibliography + + + +Author + +Price, Benjamin Wills + + + +Author + +Allan, Elizabeth Louise + + + +Author + +Marathe, Kiran + + + +Author + +Sarkar, Vivek + + + +Author + +Simon, Chris + + + +Author + +Kunte, Krushnamegh + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8051 +8051 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8051 +1314-2828-4-8051 + + + + +Pomponia linearis (Walker, 1850) + + + + +Dundubia linearis +Walker, 1850 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Holotype +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +BMNH(E) 1009401 +; sex: +male +; Taxon: scientificName: Pomponialinearis (Walker, 1850); Location: locality: +Locality unknown +; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Taxon: scientificName: Pomponialinearis (Walker, 1850); Location: continent: Asia; country: +India +; locality: +Tenmalai, Travancore, S. India +; verbatimElevation: +500 - 800 ft +; Event: eventDate: +11-17/10/1938 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +NHMUK +; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen + + + + +Distribution +[Distant, 1889/92] Continental India: Margherita, Assam; Naga Hills; Seebsagar; Neelgiri Hills (north slopes); Sylhet and Cachar (Bangladesh). [Metcalf, 1963] Sumatra; Bengal; Assam; India; Silhet; Java; Philippine Islands; Aru Islands; Hindustan; Malay Peninsula; Japan; Malacca; Tonkin; Malay Archipelago; Palaearctic Japan; Formosa; Ryukyu Islands; China; Singapore Island; Perak; Johore; Penang; British India; Sunda Islands; Indochina; Kyushu (?); Kwangtung; East Indies; Siam; Selangor; New Guinea; East Indies (?); Eastern India; Japan (?); Loochoo Islands; Sarawak; Ishigaki Island; Kwangsi; Jehol; Naga Hills; Madras; Yaeyama Islands; Chekiang; Fukien; Sikang; Burma; Uttar Pradesh; Borneo; Malaya. [Duffels and van der Laan, 1985] Taiwan; Ryukyu Islands; Japan; China; Malaysia; India; Yaeyama Islands (Japan); Nepal; Thailand. [Sanborn, 2014] Japan, Malaysia, China, Hunan, Taiwan, Indonesia, Kratatau, Borneo, Sabah, Peninsular Malaysia, Indo-China, New Guinea, Java, Sarawak, Shaanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xizang, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Taiwan, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Singapore, Indonesia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Nepal, Manipur, Assam, Margherita, Naga Hills, Nilgiri Hills, Sibsagar, Sylhet, Philippines, Bhutan, Philippine Republic, Southeast Asia, Laos, Bangladesh. + + +Notes + +Authority: +Walker 1850 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E8/91/16E8916E1DCA9A5E94FA35548396F0EC.xml b/data/16/E8/91/16E8916E1DCA9A5E94FA35548396F0EC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f9e5c50bd8f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E8/91/16E8916E1DCA9A5E94FA35548396F0EC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,374 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Ranunculaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/ranunculaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Helleborus orientalis +Lam. + + + + + + +Oestliche +Nieswurz + + + + + +Art ISFS: 197450 Checklist: 1022520 +Ranunculaceae +Helleborus +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Bis +60 cm +hoch, mit +ueberwinternden +Blaettern +. Meist nur 1 +grundstaendiges +Blatt, dieses sehr gross, + +fuss- bis +handfoermig +geteilt + +, Abschnitte +eifoermig +bis lanzettlich, doppelt +gezaehnt +. +Staengelblaetter +kleiner. + +Blumenblaetter ++/- ausgebreitet, blass +gruenlich-gelb +bis dunkelpurpurn + +. Fruchtknoten bis zum Grund frei. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: (2-)3-4 + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz Kultiviert, selten verwildert, J, M, AN + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Stammt aus Kleinasien + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +333-242.g.2n=64 + + + + + +Oekologie + + +Lebensform Geophyt + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + +KEINE ANGABE + + +
+
+ + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +kollin ( +Laubmischwaelder +mit Eichen) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +maessig +naehrstoffarm +bis +maessig +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K +subozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Helleborus orientalis +Lam. + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Oestliche +Nieswurz + +Nom +francais +: + +Hellebore +oriental + +Nome italiano: +Elleboro orientale + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +Checklist 2017 + +197450
= +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +120
= +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +118
= +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +118
= +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +197450
= +Helleborus orientalis Lam. + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +197450
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Status Indigenat +: Neophyt: nach der Entdeckung von Amerika in der Region aufgetreten (nach 1500) + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E9/AD/16E9ADF276BE5E22A402AECF2ADE5A1A.xml b/data/16/E9/AD/16E9ADF276BE5E22A402AECF2ADE5A1A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..32140f80372 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E9/AD/16E9ADF276BE5E22A402AECF2ADE5A1A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,113 @@ + + + +Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan + + + +Author + +Abe, Hirokazu +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7753-9368 +Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan +habe@iwate-med.ac.jp + + + +Author + +Sato-Okoshi, Waka +Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 - 8572, Japan + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-02-04 + + +1015 + + +1 +86 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387 +1313-2970-1015-1 +F6BD92139DB74564AA003C61B2F43B2D +AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A + + + + + +Polydora hoplura +Claparede +, 1868 + +Fig. 8F + + + +Larval morphology. +Overall body shape slender or somewhat fusiform. Prostomium broad and rounded anteriorly. Three pairs of black eyes present, most lateral pairs double-eyes. Ramified melanophores between first and second innermost pair of eyes absent. Black pigmentation patches on lateral peristomium absent. Dorsal pigmentation consists of two rows of melanophores from chaetiger III with those of first five pairs band-shaped and then replaced by ramified melanophores in posterior chaetigers. Lateral pigments found on late larvae on chaetigers II-IV. Dorsolateral pigments at base of the parapodia start from chaetiger VII. A pair of black pigment occur on pygidium. Ventral pigment absent. Modified chaetae develop in chaetiger V in late larvae. Gastrotrochs occur on chaetigers III, V, VII, X, XIII, and XV. + + +Remarks. + +This species is a shell-borer, and adult specimens were collected from the turban snail + +Omphalius rusticus + +(Gmelin, 1791) in Gobu-ura and Onagawa Bay. This species was identified as + +P. hoplura + +as its adult morphology agrees with descriptions by +Sato-Okoshi and Abe (2012 +, as + +P. uncinata + +) and +Sato-Okoshi et al. (2017) +. The larvae and adults were confirmed to match (18S: 1769/1769, 16S: 464/475 bp) using molecular data (Fig. +2 +). + + +Only late larvae were found in July in Onagawa Bay. The larval morphology of this species agrees with descriptions by +Wilson (1928) +and +Radashevsky and Migotto (2017) +. This species has adelphophagic and lecithotrophic larval development, in which larvae feed on nurse eggs in brood capsules, hatch at a very late stage, and have only a short pelagic life ( +Wilson 1928 +; Read 1975; +Sato-Okoshi et al. 2008 +, as + +P. uncinata + +; +Radashevsky and Migotto 2017 +). The poecilogenous development of this species with planktotrophic and adelphophagic planktonic larvae was reported by +David et al. (2014) +, +David and Simon (2014) +, and +Simon (2015) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E9/CE/16E9CE6A75BDC9F9FEE859BB7ECBDCE2.xml b/data/16/E9/CE/16E9CE6A75BDC9F9FEE859BB7ECBDCE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1d571718ac3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E9/CE/16E9CE6A75BDC9F9FEE859BB7ECBDCE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ + + + +Macrobenthic fauna from an upwelling coastal area of Peru (Warm Temperate South-eastern Pacific province - Humboldtian ecoregion) + + + +Author + +Tasso, Vicente + + + +Author + +El Haddad, Mustapha + + + +Author + +Assadi, Carolina + + + +Author + +Canales, Remy + + + +Author + +Aguirre, Luis + + + +Author + +Velez-Zuazo, Ximena + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2018 + +6 + + +28937 +28937 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e28937 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e28937 +1314-2828--28937 + + + + +Allopetrolisthes spinifrons (Milne Edwards, 1837) + + + + +Porcellana spinifrons +Milne Edwards, 1837 + + + +Notes +Types of substrate: hard bottom. Depth / bathymetric range: 5 m. Station code: D4(5). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/E9/EB/16E9EBBEFA2937F5AC989CFDAF9DC018.xml b/data/16/E9/EB/16E9EBBEFA2937F5AC989CFDAF9DC018.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e5bf5168faf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/E9/EB/16E9EBBEFA2937F5AC989CFDAF9DC018.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + +Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of rice field banks and restored habitats in an agricultural area of the Po Plain (Lombardy, Italy) + + + +Author + +Pilon, Nicola + + + +Author + +Cardarelli, Elisa + + + +Author + +Bogliani, Giuseppe + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2013 + +1 + + +972 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e972 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.1.e972 +1314-2828--972 + + + + +atrorufus +Patrobus +Carabidae +Polyphaga +Coleoptera +Endopterygota +Pterygota +Insecta +Arthropoda +Animalia + + + + +Patrobus atrorufus (Stroem, 1768) + + + +Notes +Siberic-European. Silvi-ripicolous. Ptedirimorphic, with winter larvae. Small size. Predator. +Common in the study area (n = 314). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EA/14/16EA147C5C9403DCAAF83234E8AA2A88.xml b/data/16/EA/14/16EA147C5C9403DCAAF83234E8AA2A88.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9b5a0c58337 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EA/14/16EA147C5C9403DCAAF83234E8AA2A88.xml @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Tachys potomaca (Erwin, 1981) + + + + +Paratachys potomaca +Erwin, 1981b: 152. Type locality: "Plummers Island, Montgomery County, Maryland" (original citation). Holotype (♂) in USNM [# 76906]. + + + +Distribution. + +This species is known from south-central Ohio (Fairfield County, CMNH) to +"Massachusetts," +south to "North Carolina" (Erwin 1981b: 152). + + + +Records. + +USA +: MA, MD, NC, OH, PA, VA + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EA/22/16EA22610AD95FC092E2B934D86A99CF.xml b/data/16/EA/22/16EA22610AD95FC092E2B934D86A99CF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..720071f9590 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EA/22/16EA22610AD95FC092E2B934D86A99CF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ + + + +Checklist of digeneans (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda, Digenea) of Georgia + + + +Author + +Arabuli, Lela +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9921-6343 +Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia +lela.arabuli.1@iliauni.edu.ge + + + +Author + +Murvanidze, Lali +Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia + + + +Author + +Faltynkova, Anna +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3013-5881 +Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Mumladze, Levan +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-6973 +Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-01-08 + + +12 + + +110201 +110201 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e110201 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e110201 +1314-2828-12-e110201 +2E017986F1F55AB49BD4F0A41AB76F82 + + + + +Asymphylodora demeli Markowski, 1935 + + + +Parasite of + +fishes - +Gobiidae +: + +Ponticola constructor + +. + + +Site of infection +: intestine. + + + +Distribution + +Occurring in Europe; +in Georgia +: River Mtkvari reported by +Kurashvili et al. 1980 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EA/6E/16EA6EDD05EFB32DA49C31CAD4509D6F.xml b/data/16/EA/6E/16EA6EDD05EFB32DA49C31CAD4509D6F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4f801c32ea8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EA/6E/16EA6EDD05EFB32DA49C31CAD4509D6F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,163 @@ + + + +A taxonomic revision of the Cymindis (Pinacodera) limbata species group (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini), including description of a new species from Florida, U. S. A. + + + +Author + +Hunting, Wesley M. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2013 + +259 + + +1 +73 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.259.2970 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.259.2970 +1313-2970-259-1 + + + + +Cymindis (Pinacodera) rufostigma Hunting +sp. n. +Figs 18, 19A, 20B-C, 21 + + + +Type material. + +Eleven specimens, labeled as follows. HOLOTYPE male, "FLORIDA: HIGHLANDS CO./ ARCHBOLD BIOL. STA./ 22.IX.1976/ L.L. LAMPERT, JR."; "U. V. LIGHT" [handwritten]; +"UASM#/141621," +[FSCA]. Ten additional PARATYPES, sex and label data as follows. Male, same as holotype except "UASM#/ 202040" [ABSC]. Male, same as holotype except "UASM#/ 141609" [FCSA]. Female, same as holotype except +"... +19.IV.1976; "UASM#/ 202044 " [ABSC]. Female, same as holotype except +"... +17.IX.1977; "UASM#/ 202042" [ABSC]. Female, same as holotype except +"... +23.IX.1977; "UASM#/ 202041" [ABSC]. Female, same as holotype except +"... +3.IX.1981/ UVL [handwritten]"; "UASM#/ 202043" [ABSC]. Male, "FLORIDA ALACHUA CO.,/ AUSTIN CARY FOREST/ 28-VI-1976/ G. B. FAIRCHILD"; "INSECT LIGHT TRAP/ #2, CO2-BAITED"; "UASM/ 141619" [FSCA]. Male, "Austin Cary Forest [handwritten]/ Alachua Co./ Fla. 21.VI.1961 [handwritten]/ ...Hetrick/ ...light trap" [handwritten, partially illegible]"; "UASM#/ 141620" [FSCA]. Female, "FLA. Indian River Co./ SR 512.5 mi. W. I. 95/ 16-30-III-1977/ Fla. Med. Ent. Lab."; "sorted from dusk;dawn/ suction trap sample in/ and near bayhead/ M. C. Thomas collection"; " UASM#/ 141608" [FSCA]. Male, "St. Augustin/ Fla."; "Liebeck/ Collection"; "UASM#/ 136905" (head missing) [MCZC]. + + + +Type locality. +Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County, Florida, U.S.A. + + +Specific epithet. +This is a two part feminine Latin noun in apposition, nominative case, based on the adjective rufus (red) and the noun stigma (mark), referring to the rufo-testaceous central mark on the elytra of adult members of this species. + + +Diagnosis. +This species (Fig. 18) differs from others in the following ways: testaceous head and pronotum, pronotum with posteriolateral margins right- angled (Fig. 19A, cf.19B) and elytra with large oblong rufous central macula. Male genitalia with distinct basal endophallic lobe (bel) (Fig. 20B). + + +Figure 18. Dorsal habitus and color pattern of +Cymindis rufostigma +, new species (OBL 9.17 mm). + + + + +Figure 19. Photographs of pronota of (A) +Cymindis rufostigma +, new species, and (B) +Cymindis platicollis atripennis +(Casey). + + + + +Figure 20. Structural features of male genitalia of (A) +Cymindis platicollis atripennis +(Casey), showing appearance of endophallus apex when spine patch is everted, (B) +Cymindis rufostigma +, new species, with spine patch not everted, and (C) female genitalia of +Cymindis rufostigma +, new species. Legend: aa, apical area; bc, bursacopulatrix; bel, basal endophallic lobe; bl, basal lobe; co, common oviduct; ep, endophallic plate; esp, endophallic spine patch; espi, endophallic spine patch invagination; gc1, gonocoxite 1; gc2, gonocoxite 2; lt, lateral tergite; s, shaft; sd, spermathecal diverticulum; sg, spermathecal gland; sgd, spermathecal gland duct; sp, spermatheca. + + + + + +Description +. + + +With character states of subgenus +Pinacodera +restricted as follows: OBL. 9.1 - 10.3 mm. Length (n= 7 males, 3 females): head 0.88 - 1.00, pronotum 1.52 - 1.76, elytra 5.25 - 6.00, metepisternum 1.26 - 1.50 mm; width: head 1.72 - 2.00, pronotum 2.10 - 2.44, elytra 3.42 - 3.92, metepisternum 0.54 - 0.84 mm. + +Body proportions. HW/HL 1.82 - 2.04; PWM/PL 1.29 - 1.45; EL/EW 1.48 - 1.58; ML/MW 1.92 - 2.41. +Color. Dorsum of head and pronotum rufous to rufo- testaceous; antennae rufo-testaceous to rufo-brunneous; palpi rufo-testaceous to brunneous; elytra brunneo-piceous to rufo-piceous with large oblong rufo-testaceous central macula and pale, somewhat translucent margins; elytral epipleura testaceous to rufo-testaceous; thoracic sclerites and abdominal sterna testaceous to rufo-piceous. + +Microsculpture. Microlines not visible on dorsum of head capsule and pronotum at 50 +x +magnification. Elytra with mesh pattern isodiametric, microlines clearly impressed throughout. + + +Macrosculpture +and pilosity. Head capsule with shallow, randomly scattered setigerous punctures on dorsal surface from constriction of neck extended anteriorly toward clypeus. Elytra with striae moderately impressed and punctulate throughout length; intervals 2, 4, 6 and 8 typically with two to three rows of scattered punctures; all other intervals with one row of punctures; some specimens with intervals 1, 3 and 5 somewhat raised toward apex. + +Metepisternum. Distinctly longer than wide. +Hind wings. Macropterous. +Male genitalia. Phallus (Fig. 20A) length 1.70 - 2.00 mm. Endophallus with basal endophallic lobe (bel) distinctly formed. + + +Habitat and seasonal occurrence. + +The known elevational range of +Cymindis rufostigma +extends from sea level to 65 m. Some specimens were collected in stands of slash pine. Methods of collecting include: dusk-dawn suction traps, u.v. light traps, CO2-baited insect light traps. + + + +Geographical distribution. +The range of this species extends from southern Florida north to northern Florida (Fig. 21). + + +Figure 21. Map of southeastern U.S.A. (primarily Florida), showing position of localities for +Cymindis rufostigma +, new species. + + + + + +Chorological +affinities. + + +Cymindis rufostigma +is sympatric in portions of its range with +Cymindis platicollis atripennis +and +Cymindis limbata +. It is allopatric with +Cymindis platicollis platicollis +and all other species in the limbata group. + + + +Material examined. +The type material. See above for details. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EA/E0/16EAE0F4C42EA67029A348DEAF968FA0.xml b/data/16/EA/E0/16EAE0F4C42EA67029A348DEAF968FA0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b380a8bc82e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EA/E0/16EAE0F4C42EA67029A348DEAF968FA0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the rock-dwelling door snail genus Montenegrina Boettger, 1877 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Clausiliidae) + + + +Author + +Feher, Zoltan + + + +Author + +Szekeres, Miklos + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +599 + + +1 +137 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.599.8168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.599.8168 +1313-2970-599-1 +8BEE967F7C6946928210A440AD8E2018 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Stylommatophora Clausiliidae + + + +Montenegrina perstriata perstriata (Wagner, 1919) +Fig. 27A + + + + +Delima laxa perstriata +Wagner, 1919: 71-72. + + +Delima (Albanodelima) perstriata +- +Wagner 1924 +: 120. - +Wagner 1925 +: 61, plate 14, figs 97 +a-b +. + + +Montenegrina perstriata perstriata +- +Nordsieck 1977 +: 84, plate 4, fig. 13. - +Zilch 1981 +: 130. - +Nordsieck 2009 +: 74. + + + +Diagnosis. +Shell medium, tumid, dark corneous. Lower whorls smooth, flattened, nearly of the same width. Upper whorls very finely, indistinctly wrinkled-costate. Neck densely costate. Peristome with simple, somewhat reflexed margin. Lamellae superior and spiralis overlap. In front view lamella subcolumellaris not visible. Lunella dorsolateral, not connected to the basalis. Subclaustralis short, sulcalis present. Anterior plica superior absent or weak, separate from the lunella complex. Clausilium plate barely visible through the aperture. + + +Dimensions + +(in mm). Hs: 21.2, Ws: 5.5 (holotype according to +Nordsieck 1977 +). + + + +Figure 27. A +Montenegrina perstriata perstriata +(Wagner, 1919), +Galicnik +, NHMW 110430/MN/0105 B +Montenegrina perstriata callistoma +Feher +& Szekeres, 2006, holotype, HNHM 94883 C +Montenegrina perstriata diminuta +Feher +& Szekeres, 1999, holotype, HNHM 70832 D +Montenegrina perstriata drimica +Nordsieck, 1972, holotype of crassa, HNHM 70834 E +Montenegrina perstriata drimica +Nordsieck, 1972, holotype, SMF 221048 F +Montenegrina perstriata mavrovoensis +Nordsieck, 2009, paratype, SMF320048 G +Montenegrina perstriata occidentalis +Nordsieck, 1977, holotype, SMF 237804 H +Montenegrina perstriata ochridensis +(Wagner, 1925), Ohrid, SMF 167047 I +Montenegrina perstriata plenostoma +Feher +& Szekeres, 2006, holotype, HNHM 94840 J +Montenegrina perstriata radikae +Nordsieck, 1972, holotype, SMF 221050 K +Montenegrina perstriata steffeki +Eross +& Szekeres, 2006, holotype, HNHM 94891 L +Montenegrina perstriata subcristatula +Nordsieck, 1977, holotype, SMF 221318 M +Montenegrina perstriata tenebrosa +Nordsieck, 2009, paratype, SMF 328780. Scale bar: 5 mm. + + + + +Type locality. + +Macedonia, Mavrovo District, +Galicnik +. + + + +Type material. + +According to +Nordsieck (1977) +, the type specimen is in Warsaw (MIZPAS 10114) (not seen). + + + +Other material. + +Macedonia, 1 km E of +Galicnik +, 1440 m, +41.5942°N +, +20.6716°E +, leg. ZF, EH, KJ, HS, 14.x.2014 (NHMW 110430/MN/0104); same locality, leg. ZE, ZF, AH, 9.iv.2004 (HNHM 94436); +Galicnik +, 1440 m, +41.5936°N +, +20.6575°E +, leg. ZF, EH, KJ, HS, 14.x.2014 (NHMW 110430/MN/0105); same locality, leg. ZE, ZF, AH, 9.iv.2004 (HNHM 94437); 10 km SW from Mavrovo toward +Galicnik +and 1 km W on a minor road, 1740 m, +41.6240°N +, +20.6768°E +, leg. ZF, EH, KJ, HS, 14.x.2014 (NHMW 110430/MN/0106). + + + +Remarks. + +Wagner (1925) +clarified that the unintentional assignement of this taxon to +laxa +in the original description was due to an editorial error during publication. + + + +Distribution. + +Western part of the Bistra Mts in the vicinity of +Galicnik +(Fig. 25). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EB/4C/16EB4C0D34F46F318EFBDF773100C2D0.xml b/data/16/EB/4C/16EB4C0D34F46F318EFBDF773100C2D0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..16c9f0d1649 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EB/4C/16EB4C0D34F46F318EFBDF773100C2D0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + + + +The genus Atropacarus Ewing (Acari: Cryptostigmata) + + + +Author + +Kamill, B. W. + + + +Author + +Baker, A. S. + +text + + +Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology series) + + +1980 + +39 + + +189 +204 + + + + +http://unknown + +journal article +KAMILL1980 + + + + +Atropacarus terrapene (Jacot) +comb. nov. + + + +(Figs 27-29) + + + +Steganacarus terrapene Jacot +, 1937: 165. 'Cotypes', Buncombe County, N. Carolina (MCZ, Cambridge, Mass., no. 35F6.2-36). [Examined.] + + + + +Aspis (Fig. 29): 164-208 +ym +in length. All the dorsal setae are short, stout and apparently simple. Setae (il) and (ro) are more or less equal in length and about twice as long as the lamellars (la). The sensilli are expanded and serrated distally, while the basal portion is smooth, slender and distinctly cranked. In front of the il-la row there is a pronounced and rather truncated median keel. The prodorsal integument is sculptured in a rugose pattern. + + +Notogaster (Figs 27-28): The notogaster ranges in length from 276-352 +ym +with a greatest depth of 184-240 +ym +. There are 16 pairs of setae all of which are very short (less than c1-d1), stout and apparently simple. Anteriorly there is a well defined cowl bearing setae c1-3. The vestiges of setae f1, and f2 are present. The integument is rugose. + +Ano-genital region: There are four pairs of marginal anal setae (an1-4) and a single pair of adanals (ad) located submarginally and rather far forward. Setae an1-4 are more or less equal in length and distinctly longer than the adanals. On the genital plates the setal bases are difficult to discern owing to the rather opaque nature of the integument. However, there appear to be eight pairs of genital setae arranged in a pattern of 4 + 4 along the paraxial borders. The integument is rugose. + +Legs: The setal and solenidial formulae for the legs are as in +A. striculus +. All the solenidia are long and straight. On tarsus I the seta coupled with solenidion omega2 is very short. Seta a" is almost as long as the famulus and located on a level with solenidion omega2. Setae (tc) and (w) on tarsus I and (tc), (u), (p) and 5 on tarsi II-IV are ribbon-like, hooked distally and bear whorls of sharply pointed spicules in the middle third. + +Material: Eight 'cotypes' from oak litter, Bent Creek Experimental Forest, N. Carolina, U.S.A. The material was collected by Dr A. P. Jacot, 15 July 1935. + + +Remarks: The eight 'cotypes' examined are in good condition and mounted in Canada Balsam. They are undissected and although only partially cleared, most of the chaetotactic characters can be discerned. + + +Figs +27-29 +Atropacarus terrapene +: (27) notogaster, lateral; (28) notogaster, dorsal; (29) aspis, lateral. + + + +A. terrapene +shows an overall similarity to +A. phyllophorus +. In both species the aspal keel is markedly truncated and the notogaster bears a well-developed cowl. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EB/64/16EB64D5DB6C518992DA0B8B900C9E62.xml b/data/16/EB/64/16EB64D5DB6C518992DA0B8B900C9E62.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7c90d1094c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EB/64/16EB64D5DB6C518992DA0B8B900C9E62.xml @@ -0,0 +1,88 @@ + + + +Floristic inventory and distribution characteristics of algific talus slopes in a specific area of forest biodiversity in South Korea + + + +Author + +Lee, Jong-Won +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-8396 +Korea National Arboretum, Yanggu, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Yun, Ho-Geun +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Hwang, Tae Young +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Kim, Kyungmin +Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +Jung, Se-Hoon +Daoneco, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea + + + +Author + +An, Jong Bin +Korea National Arboretum, DMZ Forest Biological Conservation, Yanggu-gun, Republic of Korea +ajb8825@korea.kr + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2023 + +2023-12-18 + + +11 + + +113952 +113952 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e113952 +1314-2828-11-e113952 +5B963235F71B550FA1E3BC1F0E590B10 + + + + +Quercus variabilis Blume, 1851 + + + +Distribution +Central & South Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Central, East & South China, Tibet, Vietnam + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EB/BF/16EBBF8754CD22D2BECC5B5085976DDB.xml b/data/16/EB/BF/16EBBF8754CD22D2BECC5B5085976DDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2264789ae07 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EB/BF/16EBBF8754CD22D2BECC5B5085976DDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,621 @@ + + + +Info Flora Schweiz - Poaceae + + + +Author + +Info Flora + +text + +2021 +2023-10-20 +Info Flora Schweiz + +Geneve + + + +https://www.infoflora.ch/de/flora/poaceae.html + +url + + + + + +Arrhenatherum elatius +(L.) J. Presl & C. Presl + + + + + + +Franzoesisches +Raygras + + + + + +Art ISFS: 45900 Checklist: 1004930 +Poaceae +Arrhenatherum +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl +Enthaelt +: +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl subsp. elatius + +Arrhenatherum elatius subsp. bulbosum (Willd.) +Schuebl +. & G. Martens + + + + +Bestimmungsschluessel + + + +Zusammenfassung + + + + +Artbeschreibung + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 50-120(-150) cm hoch. +Blaetter +4-8 mm +breit, rau, oberseits kurzhaarig. +Blatthaeutchen +1-3 mm +lang, gestutzt. +Bluetenstand +eine schlaffe, nur zur +Bluetezeit +ausgebreitete Rispe. + +Aehrchen +glaenzend +, gelblich, oft violett gescheckt + +, 2 +bluetig +, am Grund mit langen Haaren. + +Deckspelze der unteren +Bluete +mit am Grund +eingefuegter +, das +Aehrchen +um +5-10 mm +ueberragender +Granne + +, Deckspelze der oberen +Bluete +ohne oder mit ganz kurzer Granne. +Aehrchen +selten 3 +bluetig +, dann mit 2 langen Grannen. + + + + +Bluetezeit + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: 6-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: Fettwiesen, +Wegraender +/ kollin-montan(-subalpin) / CH + + + + +Verbreitung global + +(nach +Lauber & al. 2018 +) + +: +Europaeisch-westasiatisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte + +(nach +Landolt & al. 2010 +) + +334+343.h.2n=14(28) + + + +Status + + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Anatomie + +Beschreibung (Englisch) + + +Culm-diameter +1-2 mm +, wall thin, radius of culm in relation to wall thickness approximately 1:0.25 or <0.25. Outline circular wavy. Culm-center hollow and surrounded by many large thin-walled, not lignified cells. Epidermis-cells thin-walled all around. Large vascular bundles arranged in one peripheral row. Chlorenchyma in round, oval, square or rectangular groups. Sclerenchyma in a large, peripheral continuous belt (> 3 cells). Cells medium thick-walled. Girders square, rectangular or conic. Small sclerenchymatic sheath with 1-2 cells around vascular bundles. Largest vessels in vascular bundles in lateral position. Largest vessel in the bundle 20-50 +μm +. Cavities (intercellulars) between parenchyma cells present, small, often triangular. Distinct cavities (intercellulars) in the protoxylem area of vascular bundles. + + + +Oekologie + + + +Lebensform +Mehrjaehriger +Hemikryptophyt + + +Lebensraum Lebensraum +nach +Delarze & al. 2015 + + + + + + + + +
+ +4.5.1 - Talfettwiesen (Fromentalwiese) ( +Arrhenatherion +) + +
+ + + +fett + +Dominante Art, welche das Aussehen des Lebensraumes +mitpraegt + +Charakterart +Weniger strikt an den Lebensraum gebundene Art + + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LhalbschattigSalzzeichen1
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +kollin ( +Laubmischwaelder +mit Eichen) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K + +subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, +maessige +Temperaturschwankungen und +maessig +tiefe Wintertemperaturen) +
+ + + + +Nomenklatur + + + + +Gueltiger +Name ( +Checklist 2017 +) + +: + +Arrhenatherum elatius +(L.) J. Presl & C. Presl + + + + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: + +Franzoesisches +Raygras + +, +Glatthafer +, +Fromental +Nom +francais +: +Fenasse +, + +Fromental +eleve + +Nome italiano: + +Avena altissima + + + + + +Uebereinstimmung +mit anderen Referenzwerken + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
RelationNomReferenzwerkeNo
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl + + +Checklist 2017 + +45900
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +Flora Helvetica 2001 + +2736
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +Flora Helvetica 2012 + +2925
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. Presl & C. Presl + + +Flora Helvetica 2018 + +2925
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +Index synonymique 1996 + +45900
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +Landolt 1977 + +240
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +Landolt 1991 + +221
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +SISF/ISFS 2 + +45900
= +Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. & C. Presl + + +Welten & Sutter 1982 + +2283
+ + + += Taxon stimmt mit akzeptiertem Taxon +ueberein +( +Checklist 2017 +) <Taxon ist im akzeptierten Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) enthalten> Taxon +enthaelt +(neben anderen) auch das akzeptierte Taxon ( +Checklist 2017 +) + + + + + +Kommentare aus der +Checklist 2017 +Die +ungueltige +oder fehlerhafte Autorangabe (Autorenzitat) wurde korrigiert. Checklist + + + + +Status Indigenat +: +Enthaelt +indigene und +archaeophytische +Taxa + + + + +Liste der +gefaehrdeten +Pflanzen IUCN + +(nach +Walter & Gillett 1997 +): + +Nein + + +Status Rote Liste national 2016 + + +Status IUCN +: Nicht +gefaehrdet + + + +Zusaetzliche +Informationen + +Kriterien IUCN: -- + + +Status Rote Liste regional 2019 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Biogeografische RegionenStatusKriterien IUCN
Jura (JU) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Mittelland (MP) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Alpennordflanke (NA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Alpensuedflanke +(SA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+Oestliche +Zentralalpen (EA) + +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
Westliche Zentralalpen (WA) +nicht +gefaehrdet +(Least Concern) +
+ + + +Status nationale +Prioritaet +/Verantwortung + + + + + + + +
+Keine nationale +Prioritaet +oder internationale Verantwortung +
+ + +Schutzstatus + + + + + + +
Kein internationaler, nationaler oder kantonaler Schutz
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EB/C6/16EBC6BFA25759909B0529CDFEA38C7C.xml b/data/16/EB/C6/16EBC6BFA25759909B0529CDFEA38C7C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a6507d557b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EB/C6/16EBC6BFA25759909B0529CDFEA38C7C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,204 @@ + + + +Agrostis and Podagrostis (Agrostidinae, Poaceae) from paramos of Boyaca, Colombia: synoptic taxonomy including a key to Colombian species + + + +Author + +Sylvester, Steven P. +College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Long Pan Road No. 159, Nanjing, 210037, China & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AE, UK +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-8782 +steven_sylvester@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Cuta-Alarcon, Lia E. +Grupo Sistematica Biologica, Herbario UPTC, Escuela de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39 - 115, Tunja-Boyaca, Colombia + + + +Author + +Bravo-Pedraza, William J. +Grupo Sistematica Biologica, Herbario UPTC, Escuela de Biologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39 - 115, Tunja-Boyaca, Colombia + + + +Author + +Soreng, Robert J. +Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC 20560, USA +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-4915 + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2020 + +151 + + +107 +160 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.151.50538 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.151.50538 +1314-2003-151-107 +42D1EB2DF0545744B92BFCCCB395C45B + + + + +Agrostis L. Sp. Pl. 1: 61. 1753 + + + + += +Vilfa +Adans., Fam. Pl. 2: 495. 1763. Type: +Vilfa stolonifera +(L.) P. Beauv. (lectotype, designated by +Hitchcock 1920 +: 127). + + += +Trichodium +Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. (Michaux) 1: 41. 1803. Type: +Trichodium laxiflorum +Michx. (lectotype, designated by +Hitchcock 1920 +: 127). Many other heterotypic synonyms. + + + +Type. + + +Agrostis stolonifera + +L. (lectotype, designated by +Hitchcock 1920 +: 125) + + + +Description. + +Annuals or perennials. Leaves +basal or cauline; +ligules +membranous to scarious. +Inflorescence +a panicle, lax and open to contracted and spikelike. +Spikelets +1-flowered, disarticulating above the glumes, laterally compressed; +glumes +as long as the spikelet, equal or subequal, persisting on the plant after the florets have fallen, usually 1-veined, rarely 3-veined; +floret +usually notably shorter than the glumes or reaching to +3/4 +the length of the glumes, exceptionally longer; +lemmas +membranaceous or hyaline, generally thinner than the glumes, dorsally rounded, 3- or 5-veined, veins not or distinctly evident; +paleas +often absent or noticeably shorter than the lemma, sometimes reaching to +3/4 +the length of the lemma, hyaline and slightly to notably thinner than the lemmas, keels usually obscure, rarely distinct, glabrous, usually smooth, rarely scaberulous; +calluses +rounded, glabrous or pubescent and usually with 2 lateral tufts of short hairs; +rachilla +prolongation absent. +Flowers +perfect; +anthers +3 in number, 0.3-1.8 mm long. +Caryopses +hard (in species from Colombia) or sometimes with liquid endosperm. + + + +Notes. + +In Colombian +paramos +, taxa of + +Agrostis + +can be most easily confused with those of + +Calamagrostis + +s.l. (i.e., + +Cinnagrostis + +Griseb., + +Deschampsia + +P. Beauv., + +Paramochloa + +P.M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & +Barbera +, + +Peyritschia + +E. Fourn.; +Peterson et al. 2019 +; +Sylvester et al. 2019a +), + +Podagrostis + +, + +Polypogon + +Desf., and + +Sporobolus + +R. Br. The genera previously circumscribed as + +Calamagrostis + +s.l. ( +Peterson et al. 2019 +; +Sylvester et al. 2019a +) can usually be differentiated by a combination of a prolonged hairy rachilla emerging from the base of the floret, a well-developed palea, a hairy callus, an awn present and inserted dorsally on the lemma, and an upper glume with well-developed lateral veins, although certain species are missing some of these characteristics (see +Sylvester et al. 2019a +). + +Polypogon + +is principally differentiated by spikelets that disarticulate below the glumes, with the grain, lemma, palea, glumes and part of the pedicel falling together. The glumes are also often awned in + +Polypogon +. +Sporobolus + +is principally differentiated by its ligule in the form of a line of hairs, its well-developed paleas with the same consistency as the lemma, and the lemmas being 1(-3) veined. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EB/D9/16EBD98F75C8A37CED56C32563728363.xml b/data/16/EB/D9/16EBD98F75C8A37CED56C32563728363.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a8e3b6a7aa3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EB/D9/16EBD98F75C8A37CED56C32563728363.xml @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Braconidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Shaw, Mark R. + + + +Author + +Godfray, H. Charles J. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8151 +8151 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8151 +1314-2828--8151 + + + + +Aleiodes coxalis (Spinola, 1808) + + + + +Rogas coxalis +Spinola, 1808 + + +ater +(Curtis, 1834, +Rogas +) + + +tristis +Wesmael, 1838 + + + +Distribution +England, Scotland, Isle of Man + + +Notes +Anticipates synonymy to be published by van Achterberg & Shaw (in prep.). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EC/46/16EC46C5D7B2BC29FD086A3F73CB5221.xml b/data/16/EC/46/16EC46C5D7B2BC29FD086A3F73CB5221.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..954bf07f525 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EC/46/16EC46C5D7B2BC29FD086A3F73CB5221.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +A catalogue of the fishes held in the Istanbul University, Science Faculty, Hydrobiology Museum. + + + +Author + +Nurettin Meriç + + + +Author + +Lütfiye Eryilmaz + + + +Author + +Müfit Özulug + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2007 + +1472 + + +29 +54 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:428F3980-C1B8-45FF-812E-0F4847AF6786 + +journal article +z01472p029 + + + + +Ophisurus serpens (Linnaeus, 1758) + + + + + +Aegean Sea +: +3500-600 +(1 spc.), + +13.10.2000 + +, +Front of Izmir +, +Birkan Umut + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EC/5A/16EC5A021D5DC3BE72A7271A0897407C.xml b/data/16/EC/5A/16EC5A021D5DC3BE72A7271A0897407C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8b8eaff63cb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EC/5A/16EC5A021D5DC3BE72A7271A0897407C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ + + + +First Canadian records of genera Apimela Mulsant & Rey and Gyronycha Casey from New Brunswick: description of two new species and new provincial distribution records (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) + + + +Author + +Klimaszewski, Jan + + + +Author + +Webster, Reginald P. + + + +Author + +Zanetti, Adriano + + + +Author + +Bourdon, Caroline + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +672 + + +35 +48 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.672.12488 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.672.12488 +1313-2970-672-35 +CDCE50DBE70B4F08932EB0001AFB43E5 +CDCE50DBE70B4F08932EB0001AFB43E5 + + + + +Apimela canadensis Klimaszewski & Webster +sp. n. +Figs 9-15 + + + + +Holotype + + +(male). CANADA, New Brunswick, Restigouche Co., Jacquet River Gorge PNA, +47.8257°N +, +66.0779°W +, 14.V.2010, R.P. Webster, coll. // Partially shaded cobblestone bar near outflow of brook at Jacquet River, under cobblestones and gravel on sand (LFC). PARATYPES: New Brunswick, Restigouche Co., Jacquet River Gorge +PNA +, +47.8257°N +, +66.0779°W +, 14.V.2010, R.P. Webster coll. // Partially shaded cobblestone bar near outflow of brook at Jacquet River, under cobblestones & gravel on sand (RWC) 2 males, 1 female; Carleton Co., Belleville, Meduxnekeag Valley Nature +Preserve +, +46.1942°N +, +67.6832°W +, 9.VI.2008, R.P. Webster coll. // River margin, under cobblestones among grasses away from +water's +edge (RWC) 1 female. + + + +Figures 9-15. +Apimela canadensis +Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n.: 9 habitus in dorsal view 10 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view; 11, male tergite VIII 12 male sternite VIII 13 female tergite VIII 14 female sternite VIII 15 spermatheca. Scale bars: 1 mm for habitus; 0.2 mm for remaining structures. + + + + +Etymology. +Named after Canada, the country of origin, and to commemorate the 150th anniversary of Canada. + + +Description. +Body length 2.0-3.0 mm, subparallel, yellowish brown with slightly darker head, moderately glossy, forebody with fine and dense pubescence, punctation fine; head subquadrate, eyes moderately large and shorter than postocular region of head, posterior angles rounded and slightly angular, pubescence directed straight and obliquely anteriad; antennomeres V-X strongly transverse, head slightly broader than pronotum; pronotum slightly transverse, posterior angles angular; elytra elongate, at suture longer than pronotum, and about one sixth wider than pronotum, abdomen subparallel, with first four visible tergites deeply impressed basally, males lacking tubercles on first and fifth visible tergites. MALE. Median lobe of aedeagus with tubus strongly produced ventrally, its venter sinuate with apex turned slightly upward, internal sac with complex structures as illustrated (Fig. 10); tergite VIII truncate apically (Fig. 11); sternite VIII truncate and broadly arcuate apically (Fig. 12). FEMALE. Spermatheca S-shaped, capsule spherical, slightly arched with a narrow apical tubular multiple micro-coiled projection, stem sinuate, S-shaped (Fig. 15); tergite VIII truncate apically (Fig. 13); sternite VIII rounded apically (Fig. 14). + + +Distribution. +Known only from New Brunswick, Canada. + + +Collection and habitat data. + +The holotype and three paratypes were captured on a partially shaded cobblestone bar near the outflow of brook along the Jacquet River. The adults were found under cobblestones and gravel in sand. One paratype was found along a river margin under a cobblestone among grasses away from the +water's +edge. Adults were collected in May and June. + + + +Comments. + +This species clearly belongs to a different species group than +A. fusciceps +, which has capsule of spermatheca entirely tubular. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EC/9A/16EC9A9AF4BE91962E532F9F474A7F4E.xml b/data/16/EC/9A/16EC9A9AF4BE91962E532F9F474A7F4E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..71e3d05d8f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EC/9A/16EC9A9AF4BE91962E532F9F474A7F4E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ + + + +Megastigmus seed chalcids (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) radiated much more on Angiosperms than previously considered. I- Description of 8 new species from Kenya, with a key to the females of Eastern and Southern Africa + + + +Author + +Roques, Alain + + + +Author + +Copeland, Robert S. + + + +Author + +Soldati, Laurent + + + +Author + +Denux, Olivier + + + +Author + +Auger-Rozenberg, Marie-Anne + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +585 + + +51 +124 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.585.7503 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.585.7503 +1313-2970-585-51 +B914D8CF92A14C948EDC7CE8B0202076 +B914D8CF92A14C948EDC7CE8B0202076 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Torymidae + + + +Megastigmus laventhali Roques & Copeland +sp. n. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype ♀, Kenya, Coast Province, Base of Kasigau Mountain, +3.81301°S +, +38.64050°E +, 619m, 5 Mar 2012, ex. +Lannea schweinfurthii +fruits, CHIESA coll. N°141, R. Copeland leg. (NMKE); + + +Paratype 1♀ Kenya, Coast Province, Funzi island, +4.57776°S +, +39.44127°E +, near sea level, Malaise trap in mixed grass and woodland, 24 to 28 Jul 2012, R. Copeland leg. (ICIPE). + + + + +Description +. + + +Holotype ♀. Medium-sized species with body length (without ovipositor) 4.0 mm; length of ovipositor sheaths 3.4 mm. Body colour predominantly orange (Figures 75-77). Head entirely orange (Figure 78); pilosity on lower face pale; upper face and dorsum of head with conspicuous black hairs. Antenna light brown except scape entirely orange (Figure 79). Thorax entirely light orange except a small black spot at wing insertion (Figure 77). Pilosity on thorax black; a row of 6 black hairs along each lateral suture of mid lobe of mesoscutum; 3 pairs of black hairs on scutellum (Figure 77). Legs entirely pale yellow except claws brown. Forewing stigma brown without infuscation; basal cell indistinct, with two small setae on disc; basal setal line with 1 seta; costal setal line without setae; costal cell without setae (Figure 80). Propodeum light orange with a darker longitudinal line medially (Figure 75); propodeal spiracle very conspicuous; propodeum hairs entirely pale. Gaster dark orange, darker than propodeum; pilosity on gaster black. Ovipositor sheaths black, long, 1.9 +x +as long as gaster, 0.8 +x +as long as body, 0.9 +x +as long as thorax plus gaster (Figure 76). + + +Head rounded, width: height ratio: 1.0 (Figure 78); POL:OOL: 1.1. Scape 1.1 +x +as long as combined length of pedicel, anellus and F1 (Figure 79); scape 0.8 +x +as long as combined length of pedicel, anellus, F1 and F2; anellus subquadrate; F1 1.1 +x +as long as pedicel, twice as long as wide; F2 1.1 +x +as long as 1st funicular segment; following funicular segments longer than wide, with F7 1.4 +x +longer than wide. Pronotum, mid- and lateral lobes of mesoscutum with coarse transverse carinae; axilla with finer striae; mid-lobe of mesoscutum elongate, 1.3 +x +as long as scutellum; scutellum 1.2 +x +as long as wide, reticulate; frenum 0.4 +x +as long as scutellum length, reticulate. Forewing stigma oblique, nearly rectangular, 1.5 +x +as long as wide (Figure 80); upper part of stigmal vein 0.4 +x +as long as stigma length; uncus relatively elongate, 0.8 +x +as long as upper part of stigmal vein; marginal vein 0.9 +x +as long as postmarginal vein. Propodeum with coarse longitudinal carinae and conspicuous spiracles. + +Variation. In the paratype, the basal cell presents two long setae on disc, and the basal setal line has 1 seta. +No males reared. + + +Host plants. + +Lannea schweinfurthii +( +Anacardiaceae +). Probably a seed feeder but it could not be integrated in the molecular analysis because too few specimens were available. + + + +Distribution. +Known from the base of Kasigau Mountain, a Taita Hills outlier. Only 1 of 168 fruits (0.6%) was infested (Table 3). Also collected in a Malaise trap sample from Funzi Island, just off the southeast coast of Kenya (Figure 2). + + +Etymology. +Named in honour of Leo Laventhal, historian, Yiddish scholar and union man. + + +Diagnosis. + +Females can be separated easily from those of other species associated with fruits of +Anacardiaceae +by the combination of a predominantly orange body and a relatively long ovipositor, at least 1.8 +x +as long as the gaster. In most of the other +species +, body colour combines dark and yellow patterns ( +Megastigmus hypogeus +, +Megastigmus ozoroae +, +Megastigmus lanneae +, +Megastigmus smithi +). For the remaining species that have a predominantly orange body colour, the ovipositor length is at most 1.4 +x +gaster length ( +Megastigmus pistaciae +, +Megastigmus thomseni +and +Megastigmus transvaalensis +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EC/9D/16EC9D4B3EC8548E96F257625D52BB4B.xml b/data/16/EC/9D/16EC9D4B3EC8548E96F257625D52BB4B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4430c019e2d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EC/9D/16EC9D4B3EC8548E96F257625D52BB4B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,137 @@ + + + +Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan + + + +Author + +Abe, Hirokazu +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7753-9368 +Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan +habe@iwate-med.ac.jp + + + +Author + +Sato-Okoshi, Waka +Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 - 8572, Japan + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2021 + +2021-02-04 + + +1015 + + +1 +86 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387 +1313-2970-1015-1 +F6BD92139DB74564AA003C61B2F43B2D +AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A + + + + +Pseudopolydora cf. kempi (Southern, 1921) +Fig. 9C + + + +Larval morphology. + +Overall body shape fusiform, head region enlarged due to broad prostomium and expanded lateral lips of vestibule. Prostomium gently notched anteriorly. Three pairs of black eyes present in more or less a straight line, most lateral pairs double-eyes. Mid-dorsal melanophore on first chaetiger usually absent (Fig. +9C +), small non-ramified melanophore present in some individuals. Dorsal pigment consists of four rows of lateral and central pairs of pigment spots. Lateral and central pigments usually begin from chaetigers II and III, respectively. There pigment spots undergo expansion and contraction. Ventral pigment begins on chaetiger III, consists of paired bars on posterior border of each chaetiger. Anterior and posterior margin of prostomium have considerable brown pigment. Black pigment spots occur on sides of peristomium. Pygidium has black central spot. Gastrotrochs on chaetigers V and VII in 13-chaetiger larvae. + + + +Remarks. + +Adult individuals of this species were collected from muddy sediment in Gamo Lagoon in January, May, and December 2011, and April 2013. Adult morphology agrees with the description of +P. cf. kempi +by +Abe et al. (2016) +. Therefore, these individuals were referred to +P. cf. kempi +. The 16S rRNA gene sequence obtained in the present study showed a 99.7% (305/306 bp) similarity with that of + +P. kempi japonica + +Imajima & Hartman, 1964 from Russia (MG460897) reported by +Radashevsky et al. (2020b) +, indicating these two are same species. It will need to be clarified whether + +P. kempi + +(type locality India) and subspecies + +P. kempi japonica + +(type locality Japan) are the same species. The larvae and adults were confirmed to 100% match using molecular data (Fig. +2 +). + + +Planktonic larvae of this species larger than 12-chaetiger stages were collected from Gamo Lagoon in August 2012. The larval morphology of this species observed in the present study agrees with the descriptions of + +P. kempi + +by +Blake and Woodwick (1975) +and of +P. cf. kempi +by +Kondoh et al. (2017) +. These species have adelphophagic and lecithotrophic larval development, in which larvae feed on nurse eggs in brood capsules, hatch at a very late stage, and have a short pelagic life ( +Blake and Woodwick 1975 +; +Kondoh et al. 2017 +). Reproduction and larval development of these species under the name of + +P. kempi + +and + +P. kempi japonica + +were also described by +Srikrishnadhas and Ramamoorthi (1977) +, +Myohara (1979) +, and +Radashevsky (1985) +. However, the larvae of species in these descriptions resemble those of +Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata +Radashevsky & Hsieh, 2000 described by +Kondoh et al. (2017) +and of the present study in having planktotrophic development without nurse eggs and distinct dorsal melanophores including a middorsal melanophore on the first chaetiger. The taxonomy of + +P. kempi + +is unclear because its original description is quite brief, and the current location of type specimen is unknown (Radashevsky and Hsieh 2000). Therefore, studies resolving the taxonomy of + +P. kempi + +are necessary. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/EF/AF/16EFAFF5A30706023B2CD51506FC5059.xml b/data/16/EF/AF/16EFAFF5A30706023B2CD51506FC5059.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..308638e3454 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/EF/AF/16EFAFF5A30706023B2CD51506FC5059.xml @@ -0,0 +1,630 @@ + + + +A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador + + + +Author + +Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina + + + +Author + +Whitfield, James B. + + + +Author + +Janzen, Daniel H. + + + +Author + +Winifred Hallwachs, + + + +Author + +Dyer, Lee A. + + + +Author + +Smith, M. Alex + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D. N. + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2019 + +890 + + +1 +685 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 +1313-2970-890-1 +FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5 +2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97 + + + + +Glyptapanteles garygibsoni Arias-Penna, sp. nov. +Figs 86 +, +87 + + + +Female. + +Body length +2.22 mm +, antenna length +2.53 mm +, fore wing length +2.42 mm +. + + + +Type material. + + + +Holotype + +: +COSTA RICA +• +1♀ +; 91-SRNP-1820, DHJPAR0000063; + +Area + +de +Conservacion + + +Guanacaste +, +Guanacaste +, +Sector Santa Rosa +, +Cafetal +; + +280 m + +; +10.85827 +, +-85.61089 +; + +16.vii.1991 + +; gusaneros leg.; separate, light brown cocoons on back of caterpillar and formed on + +25.vii.1991 + +; adult parasitoids emerged on + +01.viii.1991 + +; ( +CNC +) + +. + + +Paratypes +. + +• 60 ( +2♀ +, +3♂ +) ( +44♀ +, +11♂ +); 91-SRNP-1820, DHJPAR0000063; same data as for holotype; ( +CNC +) + +. + + + +Other material. + +Reared material. + +COSTA RICA +: + + +Area + +de +Conservacion + + +Guanacaste + +, + +Guanacaste + +, + +Sector Santa Rosa + +, + + +Area +Administrativa + + +: • 57 ( +3♀ +, +3♂ +) ( +43♀ +, +8♂ +); 82-SRNP-418, DHJPAR0000052; dry forest; + +295 m + +; +10.83764 +, +-85.61871 +; + +01.vii.1982 + +; +DH Janzen +leg.; caterpillar collected in fourth instar, found with the cocoons already out of the caterpillar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoids emerged on + +03.vii.1982 + +and caterpillar was still alive when the wasps eclosed + +. + + + +Area +de +Conservacion + + +Guanacaste, +Guanacaste + +, + +Sector Santa Rosa + +, + +Cafetal + +: • 13 ( +3♀ +, +3♂ +) ( +15♀ +, +2♂ +); 91-SRNP-1814, DHJPAR0000061; + +280 m + +; +10.85827 +, +-85.61089 +; + +16.vii.1991 + + + +; gusaneros leg.; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoons adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on +25.vii.1991 +; adult parasitoids emerged on +01.viii.1991 +. • + +8 ( +2♀ +, +2♂ +) ( +4♀ +, 0 +♂ +); 91-SRNP-1816, DHJPAR0000062; same data as for preceding except: hard dorsal cocoons adhered to the larval cuticle; adult parasitoids emerged on + +24.viii.1991 + + +. + + + +Area +de +Conservacion + + +Guanacaste, +Guanacaste + +, + +Sector El Hacha + +, +Sendero Bejuquilla +: • 3 ( +1♀ +, +1♂ +) (0 +♀ +, +1♂ +); 98-SRNP-5332, DHJPAR0000113; intergrade dry-rain forest; + +280 m + +; +11.03004 +, +-85.52699 +; + +03.vii.1998 + +; +Roster Moraga +leg. + + +; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; small white-gray somewhat separate cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on +11.vii.1998 +; adult parasitoids emerged on +21.vii.1998 +. + + + +Diagnosis. + +Phragma of the scutellum partially exposed ( +Figs 86B, C +, +87B, C +), longitudinal median carina on face absent, inner margin of eyes straight throughout, scutellar punctation scattered throughout ( +Figs 86B, C +, +87B, C +), petiole on T1 distally with lateral margins curved (convex, +Figs 86D, G +, +87D, G +), propodeal spiracle without distal carina ( +Figs 86B, C +, +87B, C +), nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae ( +Figs 86B, C +, +87B, C +), propodeum without median longitudinal carina ( +Figs 86B, C +, +87B, C +), antenna longer than body, fore wing with 2RS vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( + +Figs +86I + +, + +87I + +), and lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition ( +Figs 86D, G +, +87D, G +). + + + +Figure 86. + +Glyptapanteles garygibsoni + +sp. nov. female 91-SRNP-1820 DHJPAR0000063 +A +Habitus +B, E +Mesosoma +B +Dorsolateral view +E +Lateral view +C +Metanotum, propodeum, dorsolateral view +D +T1-2, dorsal view +F, G +Metasoma +F +lateral view +G +Dorsal view +H +Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view +I, J +Wings +I +Fore +J +Hind. + + + + +Figure 87. + +Glyptapanteles garygibsoni + +sp. nov. male 91-SRNP-1820 DHJPAR0000063 +A +Habitus +B, E +Head, mesosoma +B +Dorsolateral view +E +lateral view +C +Metanotum, propodeum, laterodorsal view +D +T1-3, dorsal view +F, G +Metasoma +F +lateral view +G +Dorsal view +H +Genitalia: parameres, lateral view +I, J +Wings +I +Fore +J +Hind. + + + + +Coloration + +( +Fig. 86A +). General body coloration light brown except labrum, mandibles, glossa, maxillary and labial palps, scape, pedicel, and tegulae yellow; three-four most proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), following flagellomeres dark brown on both sides. Eyes gray and ocelli silver. Fore and middle legs yellow except coxae and claws brown; hind legs yellow except coxae, apex of femora, distal 3/4 of tibiae and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 yellow-brown/light brown, contours darkened and sublateral areas yellow-brown; T2 with median and wide adjacent areas light brown, and lateral ends yellow-brown; T3 and beyond light brown; distally each tergum with a very narrow transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 and S1-3 completely yellow-brown remaining terga and sterna brown. + + + +Description. + +Head +( +Fig. 86A +). Head rounded with pubescence short and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.16:0.05, 0.18:0.05, 0.18:0.05), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.10:0.05, 0.08:0.05), antenna longer than body (2.53, 2.22); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face flat or nearly so, with dense fine punctations, interspaces with microsculpture and longitudinal median carina absent. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces with microsculpture. Inner margin of eyes straight throughout; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.08, 0.10). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally pointed or nearly so and dorsally wide. + + +Mesosoma +( + +Fig. 86 +A-C +, E + +). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Distal 1/3 of mesoscutum with lateral margin slightly dented, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces with microsculpture. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with +BS +, scutellar punctation scattered throughout, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; +BS +only very partially overlapping the +MPM +; +ATS +demilune with short stubs delineating the area and inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal +ATS +groove with semicircular/parallel carinae. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation smooth, shiny and depressed centrally. Metanotum with +BM +wider than +PFM +(clearly differentiated); +MPM +circular without median longitudinal carina; +AFM +without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as +PFM +; +PFM +thick and smooth; ATM proximally with semircular/undulate carina and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved and relatively polished and distal half relatively polished; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron finely sculptured only ventrally and dorsally with a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove shallow, but visible and with faintly transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped. + + +Legs. +Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire, but with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.09, 0.06). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.23, 0.15), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.10, 0.10). + + +Wings +( + +Fig. +86I +, J + +). Fore wing with r vein curved, 2RS vein straight; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein straight; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area, vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A present only proximally as tubular vein; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe wide, subdistally straightened and subproximally straightened, and setae present proximally, but absent distally. + + +Metasoma +( + +Fig. 86A, D, +F-H + +). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole on T1 completely smooth and polished, with faint, satin-like sheen, virtually parallel-sided over most of length, but narrowing over distal 1/3, apex truncate (length 0.32, maximum width 0.19, minimum width 0.11), and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition (length median area 0.09, length T2 0.14), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.09, maximum width 0.20, minimum width 0.04); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.20, 0.14) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense. + + +Cocoons +( +Fig. 4P +). Light brown or gray oval cocoons with ordered silk fibers, but covered by a net. Cocoons on back of caterpillar or attached to the leaf substrate. + + + +Comments. + +This species looks like + +Distatrix + +, the lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 are far from the proximal edge of T3. + + + +Male + +( + +Fig. 87 +A-J + +). The body coloration and the body shape similar to female. + + + +Etymology. + +Gary A. P. Gibson is a research scientist at Agriculture and Agri-Food +Canada +, Ottawa, +Ontario +, +Canada +. His expertise is focused upon systematics of chalcid parasitoid wasps ( +Chalcidoidea +), especially the families +Eupelmidae +and +Pteromalidae +and functional and comparative morphology of +Chalcidoidea +and +Hymenoptera +. + + + +Distribution. + +Parasitized caterpillars were collected in +Costa Rica +, ACG, Sector El Hacha (Sendero Bejuquilla) and Sector Santa Rosa ( +Area +Administrativa and Cafetal), during July of 1982, 1991, and 1998 at +280 m +and +295 m +in coffee plantations, dry forest, and intergrade dry-rain forest. + + + +Biology. +The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is gregarious. + + +Host. + + +Nystalea collaris + +Schaus ( +Fig. 4P +) ( +Noctuidae +: +Nystaleinae +) feeding on + +Psidium guineense + +and + +Eugenia salamensis + +( +Myrtaceae +) and + +N. guzmani + +Schaus feeding on + +Calyptranthes chytraculia + +( +Myrtaceae +). Caterpillar were collected in fourth instar and cocoons were already out of the caterpillar. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F0/2C/16F02CA6641159D0EDCE159AA92AB0EB.xml b/data/16/F0/2C/16F02CA6641159D0EDCE159AA92AB0EB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b42d57393c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F0/2C/16F02CA6641159D0EDCE159AA92AB0EB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Ctenopelma Holmgren, 1857 + + + + +DIEDRUS +Foerster +, 1869 + + +ERYMA +Foerster +, 1869 + + +XANIOPELMA +Tschek, 1869 + + +ZACHRESTA +Foerster +, 1869 + + +HOLMGRENIA +Kriechbaumer, 1877 + + +KRIECHBAUMERIA +Dalla Torre, 1885 + + +POLYOMORUS +Kriechbaumer, 1894 + + +POLYHOMORUS +Schulz, 1906 + + +PSEUDOBANCHUS +Szepligeti +, 1911 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F0/8B/16F08B6085208B32B95A0F7424931142.xml b/data/16/F0/8B/16F08B6085208B32B95A0F7424931142.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5ff8b01419a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F0/8B/16F08B6085208B32B95A0F7424931142.xml @@ -0,0 +1,105 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part M) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +651 +689 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Medeola virginiana +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +1 + +: 339. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Virginia." RCN: 2615. + + + + +Lectotype +(Reveal in Jarvis & al., +Regnum Veg. +127: 65. 1993): +Kalm +, Herb. Linn. No. 468.1 ( +LINN +) + +. + + + + +Generitype +of + +Medeola +Linnaeus + +(vide Hitchcock, +Prop. Brit. Bot. +: 148. 1929). + + + + +Current name: + + +Medeola virginiana + +L. + +( +Liliaceae +/ +Convallariaceae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F1/97/16F197157EEDC7804DBF956F8D880256.xml b/data/16/F1/97/16F197157EEDC7804DBF956F8D880256.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa627972216 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F1/97/16F197157EEDC7804DBF956F8D880256.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Birds from the Azores: An updated list with some comments on species distribution + + + +Author + +Barcelos, Luis MD + + + +Author + +Rodrigues, Pedro R + + + +Author + +Bried, Joel + + + +Author + +Mendonca, Enesima P + + + +Author + +Gabriel, Rosalina + + + +Author + +Borges, Paulo Alexandre Vieira + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6604 +6604 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6604 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6604 +1314-2828-3-6604 + + + + +Catharus minimus (Lafresnaye, 1848) + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Nearctic + + + +Distribution +COR; FLO + + +Notes + +Occasional Migrant. +Rodrigues et al. (2010) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F1/CA/16F1CAF73DFE57ACAAA2029264FE6C55.xml b/data/16/F1/CA/16F1CAF73DFE57ACAAA2029264FE6C55.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ba5305f434 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F1/CA/16F1CAF73DFE57ACAAA2029264FE6C55.xml @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ + + + +Four new species and two new records of genus Zeugophora (Coleoptera, Megalopodidae, Zeugophorinae) from China + + + +Author + +Li, Kai-Qin +Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China + + + +Author + +Liang, Hong-Bin +Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China +lianghb@ioz.ac.cn + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +975 + + +51 +78 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.975.53472 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.975.53472 +1313-2970-975-51 +BE4102C193CF45CF83BFD578B8F73751 +7172D90116F35F129A70C38295126B6A + + + + +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) trifasciata +sp. nov. +Figures 58-61 +, 62-66 + + + +Specimens examined. + + +Holotype +: + +male, China, Yunnan, Ailaoshan, Xujiaba, 1986.viii.21 / Holotype, +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) trifasciata +sp. nov., des. by K.Q. Li & H.B. Liang, 2020 [red label]. +Paratype +, 1 male, same data as holotype but 1986.x.31 / Paratype +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) trifasciata +sp. nov., des. by K.Q. Li & H.B. Liang, 2020 [yellow label]. + + + +Figures 58-61. +Holotype of +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) trifasciata +sp. nov., male +58 +dorsal view +59 +ventral view +60 +head, anterior view +61 +pronotum, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm ( +58, 59 +); 0.5 mm ( +60, 61 +). + + + + +Diagnosis. +Head brown; antennae black, with basal four antennomeres brown; pronotum yellowish brown; scutellum dark brown; elytra dark blue with a pale yellow transverse band from epipleura to suture on the center; underside dark blue except prosternum and mesoventrite yellowish brown; legs yellowish brown except hind femur dark blue; antennae elongate, lateral sides of elytra sub-paralleled; dorso-central portion of the median lobe with one sclerite from base to apical portion. + + +Description. +BL = 4.3-4.4 mm, BW = 1.7-1.9 mm. Head brown; antennae black, with basal four antennomeres brown; pronotum yellowish brown; scutellum dark brown; elytra dark blue with a pale yellow transverse band from epipleura to suture on the center; underside dark blue except prosternum and mesoventrite yellowish brown; legs yellowish brown except hind femur dark blue. + +Head: +eyes prominent, inner margin with distinct canthus; center of vertex sparsely punctate and pubescent, lateral sides densely punctate and pubescent; occiput strongly constricted; frons finely punctate and pubescent, center slightly concave; clypeus rectangular, width 2.4 +x +that of length, central portion slightly prominent, punctate and pubescent laterally, separated from frons by deep fronto-clypeal suture; shallow oblique groove from inner margin of upper portion of eye to fronto-clypeal suture; labrum rectangular, slightly narrower than clypeus, anterior margin with punctures and pubescence; antennae slender, exceeding half the length of body, antennomere 1 long and swollen, antennomere 2 short, shorter than half the length of antennomere 1, antennomere 3 slightly shorter than antennomere 1, antennomere 4 subequal to antennomere 1, antennomere 5 equal to 6 in length, and two-thirds as long as antennomere 4, antennomeres 7-10 equal to each other in length and slightly shorter than antennomere 5, antennomere 11 slightly longer than antennomere 5 and apex acute, antennomeres 1-4 sparsely punctate and pubescent, antennomeres 5-11 densely punctate and pubescent. + + +Thorax: +PW/PL = 1.5-1.6; anterior margin slightly flattened; posterior margin arching backwards medially; length of anterior margin nearly equal to posterior margin; anterior and posterior groove indistinct; lateral sides subparallel at anterior portion, then gradually expanding in the middle, strongly constricted posterior to the middle; lateral tubercle prominent and blunt; with a shallow oblique groove behind the lateral tubercle to basal portion; disc convex, with fine punctures and pubescence, basal portion slightly depressed; basal portion of each side slightly prominent. Scutellum trapezoid, slightly emarginate at apex, densely punctate and pubescent. + + +Elytra: +EL/EW = 1.6-1.7; elongate, elytral humeri projecting antero-laterally, humeral groove somewhat deep; lateral sides subparallel; disc slightly flattened, base slightly prominent and posterior slightly depressed, base densely punctate and pubescent, apex coarsely punctate and pubescent; suture with one row of punctures and pubescence; epipleura narrow, base with two rows of punctures and pubescence, apex with one row of punctures and pubescence. + + +Abdomen and legs: +underside sparsely punctate and pubescent. Legs moderately long, femora robust, mid- and hind-tibiae slightly curved. Pygidium moderately long, apex portion exposed. Last abdominal ventrite with apical margin slightly prominent. Median lobe flattened, slightly curved in lateral view, sides and apex sclerotized, dorso-central portion with one sclerite from base to apical portion, sides moderately thick, apical portion tongue-shaped, apex sharp; median struts rod-shaped, widely separated from each other, approximately 2.8 +x +as long as median lobe; basal portion of tegmen Y-shaped, tegminal ring sub-round, paramere trapezoid, apical margin of paramere slightly emarginate in middle, lateral sides with setae; endophallus membranous, with paired granulated and sclerotized area. Spiculum Y-shaped, apical margin trifid. + + + +Distribution. +China (Yunnan). + + +Host plant. +Unknown. + + +Etymology. + +The specific name + +trifasciata + +refers to the transverse bands on the elytra. + + + +Remarks. + +This species is similar to +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) formosana +Gressitt, 1945 in having the transverse bands on the elytra, but differs in having the antennae elongate, the lateral sides of the elytra subparallel, the base of the pronotum without a distinct transverse groove (antennae shorter, lateral sides of elytra gradually expanding posteriorly from the base, broadest behind the middle, and the base of the pronotum with a transverse groove in +Z. (P.) formosana +). + + +This species is also similar to +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) pallidicinata +Gressitt, 1945 in color, but differs in having the elytra elongate and the lateral sides subparallel (elytra broad and short, the lateral sides expanding posteriorly from the base, widest behind the middle in +Z. (P.) pallidicinata +). + + +The median lobe of this species is distinct with the dorsal portion of the median lobe having a long triangular sclerite (Figs +62 +, +63 +). + + + +Figures 62-66. +Holotype of +Zeugophora (Pedrillia) trifasciata +sp. nov., male genitalia +62 +median lobe and median struts, lateral view +63 +median lobe, dorsal view +64 +tegmen, dorsal view +65 +spiculum, dorsal view +66 +sclerotized area of endophallus. Scale bars: 0.5 mm ( +62, 64 +); 0.2 mm ( +63, 65, 66 +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F2/16/16F2161602CDD93898295A63E9E37965.xml b/data/16/F2/16/16F2161602CDD93898295A63E9E37965.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c185c151e13 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F2/16/16F2161602CDD93898295A63E9E37965.xml @@ -0,0 +1,249 @@ + + + +Review of the genera of Conoderinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) from North America, Central America, and the Caribbean + + + +Author + +Anzaldo, Salvatore S. +School of Life Sciences, PO Box 874501, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287 - 4501, USA +sanzaldo@asu.edu + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2017 + +2017-07-07 + + +683 + + +51 +138 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.683.12080 +1313-2970-683-51 +D7FD86CA6374480C821BA10C26CDDF32 +FFE5FFF8E647B33FFFFCFF9AFFB0D404 +1149788 + + + + +Psomus Casey, 1892: 458 +Fig. 91 + + + + +Type +species. + + + +Psomus politus + +Casey, 1892 [by monotypy] (= + +Orchestes armatus + +Dietz, 1891). + + + +Gender. +Masculine. + + +Figures 91-94. +Lateral and dorsal habitus images of +Lechriopini +and +Zygopini +. All scale bars = 1 mm unless otherwise specified. +91a-b + +Psomus armatus + +[ARTSYS0000533] +92a-b + +Turcopus viscivorus + +[ARTSYS000530]; scale bar = 2 mm +93a-b + +Arachnomorpha circumlineata + +[ARTSYS0000535] +94a-b + +Archocopturus laselvaensis + +[ASUHIC0086633]. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +The combination of concealed pygidium, appendiculate tarsal claws, and sulcate subapical pronotal constriction readily distinguishes + +Psomus + +from the other genera treated here. + +Philides + +is the only other genus without simple tarsal claws and + +Peltophorus + +and + +Zygops + +have a sulcate subapical pronotal constriction, but each of those three genera have an exposed pygidium (which + +Psomus + +does not) and are otherwise distinct in habitus. + +Psomus + +is unique among the lechriopine genera for having a flattened mesoventrite and Type II sclerolepidia (Type II sclerolepidia also known from + +Copturus + +, + +Microzurus + +, and + +Euzurus + +, though each has a modified mesoventrite) although this combination is also found in + +Lissoderes + +, which is currently a zygopine ( +Lyal et al. 2006 +: 229); neither of those genera seem very well placed in their current tribes. + + +Some observed species have a ventrally expanded first abdominal ventrite and modifications to the profemora and tibiae that are similar to what is found in some + +Cleogonini + +( +Prena and Whitehead 2012 +: 57). These differences were not mentioned by Champion when describing three Central American species, but he considered his species as "perfectly congeneric with + +P. politus + +, Casey [= + +P. armatus + +(Dietz)]" ( +Champion 1906b +: 128). In addition to the characters given above distinguishing the genus, the species of + +Psomus + +have a second funicular article that is about equal to the first and a tibial apex with an uncus at the posterior apical angle or the middle of the apex. + + + +Phylogenetic relationships. + +The appendiculate tarsal claws (shared only with + +Philides + +) and a deep subapical pronotal constriction (shared only with + +Zygops + +and + +Peltophorus + +) are easily observed characters but not particularly suggestive of a relationship. The single U.S. species, + +P. armatus + +(Dietz, 1891) was originally described in the genus + +Orchestes + +Illiger, 1798 ( +Curculioninae +: +Rhamphini +). + +Psomus + +bears a resemblance to the cleogonine + +Isotrachelus + +(which was previously placed in the Old World conoderine tribe +Lobotrachelini +Lacordaire, 1865), but differs from + +Isotrachelus + +by the insertion of the antenna on the rostrum, which in + +Psomus + +is in the basal half of the rostrum, and the tarsal claws, which in + +Isotrachelus + +are simple. + + + +Host associations. + + +Psomus armatus + +can be found on ash trees ( +Oleaceae +Hoffmanns. & Link: + +Fraxinus + +L.) ( +Sleeper 1963 +). Hosts of the Central American species are unknown. + + + +Described species. +Four. + + +Range. +Eastern Canada and U.S.A., Guatemala, Panama. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F2/82/16F282CC7FF7FD88A59475191E7A4ED1.xml b/data/16/F2/82/16F282CC7FF7FD88A59475191E7A4ED1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..477848f0ee9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F2/82/16F282CC7FF7FD88A59475191E7A4ED1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,222 @@ + + + +Taxonomic guide and historical review of starfishes in northeastern Brazil (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) + + + +Author + +Gondim, Anne Isabelley +Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Laboratorio de Invertebrados Marinhos Paulo Young, Bairro Cidade Universitaria s / n, CEP. 58059 - 900, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brasil +anneisabelley@yahoo.com.br + + + +Author + +Christoffersen, Martin Lindsey +Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Biologicas (Zoologia), Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia, Laboratorio de Invertebrados Marinhos Paulo Young, Bairro Cidade Universitaria s / n, CEP. 58059 - 900, Joao Pessoa, PB, Brasil + + + +Author + +Pereira Dias, Thelma Lucia +Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, CCBS, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratorio de Biologia Marinha, Campus I, Rua Baraunas, 351, Bairro Universitario, CEP 58429 - 500, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +2014-10-22 + + +449 + + +1 +56 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.449.6813 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.449.6813 +1313-2970-449-1 +75DDC58463EB4BF1BBF908C1D2954CAC +6920FF8C5744C128FF87527A336C6949 +578570 + + + + + +Astropecten +cingulatus Sladen, 1833 + +Figure 5e-h + + + + + +Astropecten +cingulatus + +Sladen, 1883: 266. +Brito 1962 +: 3; +1968 +: 9, pl. 4, fig. 4. +Tommasi 1970 +: 5, fig. 16; +1985 +: 3. +Carrera-Rodrigues and Tommasi 1977 +: 84-86. +Tommasi and Aron 1987 +: 3. +Manso 1989 +: 357. +Tommasi et al. 1988 +: 5. +Ventura et al. 2007 +: 231. +Xavier 2010 +: 75. + + +Astropecten mesactus +Studer, 1884: 46. + + +Astropecten jarli +Madsen, 1950: 181. + + + +Material examined. +Rio de Janeiro: Cabo Frio, 1 spec., MNRJ1853, 18.VI.1997. + + +Type locality. + +Pernambuco, Brazil ( +Clark and Downey 1992 +). + + + +Description. + +Body pentagonal, flattened dorso-ventrally. Five long (~37.70 mm) and narrow (~9.56 mm) arms (length of arm corresponds to approximately four times its width) (Fig. +5e +). Madreporite oval (~1.52 mm) and marginal. Epiproctal cone pronounced. Paxillae small and granulose, with 1-4 central spinelets and 9-12 marginal spinelets. Paxillar spinelets granulose (Fig. +5e +). Superomarginal figs granulose (Fig. +5g +). Two fringes of marginal spines aligned horizontally. First row of spines of inferomarginal figs with three marginal spines, disposed in parallel to each other, two being of the same length and one shorter. Second row with four elongate and slightly flattened spines, three of which are subequal in length and one much shorter. Oral spines short, forming a bundle at the apex of the jaw (Fig. +5f +). Adambulacral figs with 3-4 divergent spines, the median one being the largest (Fig. +5h +). Subambulacral spines forming a bundle of elongate and slightly flattened (lanceolate) spines. Pedicellariae rarely present. + + +Colour. +According to +Benavides-Serrato et al. (2011) +and +Bernasconi (1957) +, the species has the abactinal surface red or orange-red and the actinal surface white. +Ventura et al. (2007) +recorded a cream-colour on the dorsal surface and white on the oral surface in Brazilian specimens. + + + +Distribution. + +North Carolina, the Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Mexico, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Africa ( +Tommasi 1970 +, + +Carrera-Rodriguez +and Tommasi 1977 + +, +Clark and Downey 1992 +, +Ventura et al. 2007 +, +Alvarado et al. 2008 +). In Brazil: PE, RJ, SP, and SC, including the submarine banks and mountain ranges +Vitoria-Trindade +and +Vitoria +Island (SP) ( +Brito 1962 +, +Tommasi 1970 +, +1985 +, +Tommasi and Aron 1987 +, +Manso 1989 +, +Xavier 2010 +). Intertidal to 1350 m in depth ( +Clark and Downey 1992 +), being most frequent between 51 and 129 m ( + +Carrera-Rodriguez +and Tommasi 1977 + +). + + + +Remarks. + + +Astropecten cingulatus + +differs from its closest species, + +Astropecten articulatus + +, for having three rounded spines on each inferomarginal fig, and for having subambulacral spines that are smaller than the adambulacral spines and rounded. +Bernasconi (1957) +stresses a few morphological variations observed in specimens from Uruguay and Argentina. Among these are the aspect of the superomarginal figs, which do not have large spines, or then there are only a few small, granuliform spines on the first figs. According to +Ventura et al. (2007) +the specimens collected along the Brazilian coast have short arms, in contrast to the indication in the original diagnosis. The single individual we examined, on the other hand, corresponds to that indicated in the literature (lenght about four time its width). + + + +Ecological notes. + +This species lives on sandy or muddy bottoms of the littoral region up to depths of 50 m ( +Tommasi 1970 +, +Machado et al. 2008 +). It feeds mainly on gastropods, bivalves, crustaceans, and cirripeds ( +Ventura et al. 2007 +). + +Astropecten cingulatus + +, and other species of the genus, are frequently captured in trawling nets and the species is presently included among those vulnerable to extinction in Brazil ( +Machado et al. 2008 +). According to +Brito (1962) +, this species is abundant along the coast of Pernambuco, but no other works conducted in this state confirm this observation. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F2/CE/16F2CEE0ED9F45EE350109A482EC01F0.xml b/data/16/F2/CE/16F2CEE0ED9F45EE350109A482EC01F0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a102952fa5a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F2/CE/16F2CEE0ED9F45EE350109A482EC01F0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part A) + + + +Author + +Jarvis, Charlie +Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK + +text + + +2007 +Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum + +London + + + +Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types + + + +252 +342 + + + +book chapter +https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971 +978-0-9506207-7-0 +291971 + + + + + + + +Aster novae-angliae +Linnaeus + +, + +Species Plantarum +2 + +: 875. 1753 + + +. + + + +"Habitat in Nova Anglia." RCN: 6329. + + + + +Lectotype +(Semple in Hoffmann in +Feddes Repert. +107: 181. 1996): Herb. Clifford: 408, + +Aster + +7 +"novae angliae" +(BM-000647084) + +. + + + + +Current name: + + +Aster novae-angliae + +L. + +( +Asteraceae +). + + + + +Note: +The type choice intended for publication by Semple (in Jarvis & Turland, +Taxon +47: 354. 1998) was published inadvertently by Hoffmann in 1996, who attributed it to "JARVIS et al., pers. comm., design, ined.". Confirmation that the choice is attributable to Semple is provided in the 1998 paper. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F3/95/16F3957C3876AA25DC256544803E22AF.xml b/data/16/F3/95/16F3957C3876AA25DC256544803E22AF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d5a8d9c37f5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F3/95/16F3957C3876AA25DC256544803E22AF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ + + + +A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) + + + +Author + +Neubauer, Thomas A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 +Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria +thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-07-05 + + +602 + + +1 +358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 +1313-2970-602-1 +65EFA27673454AC69B78DBE7E98D6103 +FFA86D39FFE2FFF3FF8AFFEBC209FFDE +126863 + + + + + +Melanopsis +fragilis Gassies, 1874 + + + + +Original source. + +Gassies 1874 +: 382. + + + +Type locality. + +"Ouagap" +[Wagap], New Caledonia. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F3/DD/16F3DD0D9D01643A2841DED9C819EFDB.xml b/data/16/F3/DD/16F3DD0D9D01643A2841DED9C819EFDB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4c034256cd3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F3/DD/16F3DD0D9D01643A2841DED9C819EFDB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Sawflies, ' Symphyta' + + + +Author + +Liston, Andrew D. + + + +Author + +Knight, Guy T. + + + +Author + +Sheppard, David A. + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1168 +1168 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1168 +1314-2828-2-1168 + + + + +Harpiphorus Hartig, 1837 + + + + +ASTICTA +Newman, 1838 preocc. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F3/FA/16F3FAFC99214564D641B7CAF9A5BB07.xml b/data/16/F3/FA/16F3FAFC99214564D641B7CAF9A5BB07.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4a5906fef2e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F3/FA/16F3FAFC99214564D641B7CAF9A5BB07.xml @@ -0,0 +1,833 @@ + + + +Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve + + + +Author + +Telfer, Angela C +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +atelfer@uoguelph.ca + + + +Author + +Young, Monica R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Quinn, Jenna +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Perez, Kate +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobel, Crystal N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sones, Jayme E +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Derbyshire, Rachael +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Fernandez-Triana, Jose +CNC, Ottawa, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-0309 + + + +Author + +Rougerie, Rodolphe +Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Thevanayagam, Abinah +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Boskovic, Adrian +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Borisenko, Alex V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-3057 + + + +Author + +Cadel, Alex +University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada + + + +Author + +Brown, Allison +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pages, Anais +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Castillo, Anibal H +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1537-0528 + + + +Author + +Nicolai, Annegret +EcoBio, Universite of Rennes, Rennes, France + + + +Author + +Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Bukowski, Belen +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Wilson, Bill +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Trojahn, Brock +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Lacroix, Carole Ann +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Brimblecombe, Chris +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Hay, Christoper +University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Ho, Christmas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Steinke, Claudia +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Warne, Connor P +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Garrido Cortes, Cristina +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Engelking, Daniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Wright, Danielle +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lijtmaer, Dario A +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Gascoigne, David +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Hernandez Martich, David +Universidad Autonoma de Santo Domingo DR, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic + + + +Author + +Morningstar, Derek +Myotistar, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Neumann, Dirk +SNSB, Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen, Munich, Germany + + + +Author + +Steinke, Dirk +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Dobias, Dylan +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sears, Elizabeth +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Richard, Ellen +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Damstra, Emily +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Zakharov, Evgeny V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Laberge, Frederic +University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Collins, Gemma E +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +Blagoev, Gergin A +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Grainge, Gerrie +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Ansell, Graham +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Meredith, Greg +Grand River Conservation Authority, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hogg, Ian +University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand + + + +Author + +McKeown, Jaclyn +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Topan, Janet +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Bracey, Jason +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Guenther, Jerry +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Sills-Gilligan, Jesse +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Addesi, Joseph +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Persi, Joshua +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Layton, Kara K S +The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia + + + +Author + +D'Souza, Kareina +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dorji, Kencho +National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan + + + +Author + +Grundy, Kevin +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nghidinwa, Kirsti +Ministry of Environment and Tourism in Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia + + + +Author + +Ronnenberg, Kylee +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lee, Kyung Min +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Xie, Linxi +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Lu, Liuqiong +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Penev, Lyubomir +Pensoft, Sofia, Bulgaria +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2186-5033 + + + +Author + +Gonzalez, Mailyn +Instituto de Investigacion de Recursos Biologicos Alexander von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia + + + +Author + +Rosati, Margaret E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +Kekkonen, Mari +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Kuzmina, Maria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Iskandar, Marianne +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Mutanen, Marko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Fatahi, Maryam +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Pentinsaari, Mikko +University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland + + + +Author + +Bauman, Miriam +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Nikolova, Nadya +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ivanova, Natalia V +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Jones, Nathaniel +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Weerasuriya, Nimalka +The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Monkhouse, Norman +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lavinia, Pablo D +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Jannetta, Paul +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Hanisch, Priscila E +Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales " Bernardino Rivadavia " (MACN-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +McMullin, R. Troy +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario Herbarium, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Ojeda Flores, Rafael +Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico + + + +Author + +Mouttet, Raphaelle +ANSES, Laboratoire de la Sante des Vegetaux, Montferrier sur Lez, France + + + +Author + +Vender, Reid +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Labbee, Renee N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Forsyth, Robert +New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, Canada +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-0158 + + + +Author + +Lauder, Rob +London Homeopathy, London, Canada + + + +Author + +Dickson, Ross +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Kroft, Ruth +rare Charitable Research Reserve (Affiliate of), Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Miller, Scott E +Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, United States of America + + + +Author + +MacDonald, Shannon +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Panthi, Sishir +Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal + + + +Author + +Pedersen, Stephanie +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Sobek-Swant, Stephanie +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Naik, Suresh +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Lipinskaya, Tatsiana +Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus + + + +Author + +Eagalle, Thanushi +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Decaens, Thibaud +Universite de Montpellier Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Kosuth, Thibault +Universite de Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Braukmann, Thomas +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Woodcock, Tom +rare Charitable Research Reserve, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Roslin, Tomas +University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland + + + +Author + +Zammit, Tony +Grand River Conservation Authority, Cambridge, Canada + + + +Author + +Campbell, Victoria +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Dinca, Vlad +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +Peneva, Vlada +Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria + + + +Author + +Hebert, Paul D N +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada + + + +Author + +deWaard, Jeremy R +Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, Guelph, Canada +dewaardj@uoguelph.ca + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +6313 +6313 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e6313 +1314-2828-3-e6313 +FFE5FF837519E9253D17614AFFA8FFC1 +574474 + + + + +Empria nordica Ross 1936 + + + +Notes +BOLD:ACI4328 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F4/1A/16F41A62E6908047274A82527F1A6066.xml b/data/16/F4/1A/16F41A62E6908047274A82527F1A6066.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..31fcba587da --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F4/1A/16F41A62E6908047274A82527F1A6066.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Doris verrucosa +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + + +Doris +corpore supra tuberculato. + + +Rumph. mus. +38. Limax marina verrucosa. + + +Seb. mus. +2. +t. +61. +f. +5. Mitella verrucosa. + + + + +Habitat in +Oceano. + + + + +Corpus oblongum, semicylindricum, convexum, extremitatibus +rotundatis, supra verrucosum. Margo lateralis deflexus. + + +Pes ut in Limace, ovalis, oblongus margine plano. Os +tentaculis brevissimis, circiter octo. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F4/22/16F422A81C675FFF9B361C753D667574.xml b/data/16/F4/22/16F422A81C675FFF9B361C753D667574.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fe662b5dee3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F4/22/16F422A81C675FFF9B361C753D667574.xml @@ -0,0 +1,264 @@ + + + +Revealing the stygobiotic and crenobiotic molluscan biodiversity hotspot in Caucasus: Part I. The phylogeny of stygobiotic Sadlerianinae Szarowska, 2006 (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Hydrobiidae) from Georgia with descriptions of five new genera and twenty-one new species + + + +Author + +Grego, Jozef +Horna Micina 219, 97401, Banska Bystrica, Slovakia + + + +Author + +Mumladze, Levan +Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Kakutsa Cholokashvili Ave 3 / 5, Tbilisi 0162, Georgia +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-6973 + + + +Author + +Falniowski, Andrzej +Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland + + + +Author + +Osikowski, Artur +Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24 / 28, 30 - 059, Krakow, Poland +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-2687 +a.osikowski@urk.edu.pl + + + +Author + +Rysiewska, Aleksandra +Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland + + + +Author + +Palatov, Dimitry M. +Department of Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, 1 - 12 Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation + + + +Author + +Hofman, Sebastian +Department of Comparative Anatomy, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 9, 30 - 387, Krakow, Poland + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +955 + + +1 +77 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.955.51983 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.955.51983 +1313-2970-955-1 +C8EF4A4B6F054621B9B5AE47FEE7C217 +F7018CF19C6158309D57C83A2F5E9478 + + + + +Caucasogeyeria ignidona Grego & Palatov +sp. nov. +Plate 15 +(1); Fig. 14A-C + + + +Type locality. + +Georgia • Imereti, Kumistavi, Prometheus Cave (პრომეთეს +მღვიმე +); +42°22'33"N +, +42°36'2"E +; 175 m a.s.l.; bottom of cave stream. + + + +Plate 15. +1 + +Caucasogeyeria ignidona + +sp. nov., Imereti, Kumistavi, Prometheus Cave, holotype +2 + +Caucasogeyeria colchis + +sp. nov., Samegrelo, Pirveli Balda, Motena Cave, holotype +3 + +Caucasogeyeria colchis + +sp. nov., Samegrelo, Pirveli Balda, spring in village, holotype +4 + +Caucasogeyeria colchis + +sp. nov., Imereti, Nakhriduri 2 left side spring in Turchu Gamosadivari Basin above small ford, paratype +5-8 + +Caucasogeyeria pseudocolchis + +sp. nov., Samegrelo, Mukhuri, Shisha Spring +5 +holotype +6-8 +paratypes. The numbers correspond to individuals, and the letters represent the different views of the same individual. Photograph J. Grego. + + + + +Material. + +Holotype +: Georgia • adult, dry; type locality; 01 May 2018; J. Grego, L. Mumladze and M. +Olsavsky +leg.; ISU FM-T005-H. +Paratypes +: Georgia • same as for holotype; ISU FM-T005-P1/1 dry and 1 wet, coll. JG F0969/1 dry and 2 wet. + + + +Diagnosis. + +The new species can be distinguished from other members of the genus by the typical shell aperture. + +Caucasogeyeria gloeri + +sp. nov. has a larger, more robust shell with different aperture, + +C. colchis + +sp. nov. has more sinuated and more deeply cut labral margin at its columellar side, and + +C. chrysomallos + +sp. nov. has smaller, more conical and elongate shell with a greater number of whorls and proportionally smaller, differently shaped aperture. + + + +Description. + +Shell +: conical with blunt protoconch and with +31/2 +inflated whorls separated by semi-deep suture. Height 1.4-1.7 mm. Shell surface milky white, glossy with occasional rusty brown incrustations. Aperture expanded, proportionally larger, rhomboidal with a weak negative sinuation at labral junction with the body whorl and a weak positive sinuation at columellar margin. Umbilicus slit-like. + + +Operculum +: paucispiral, glass-like translucent. + + +Animal body +: white, without eye spots. + + +Holotype measurements +: H-1.60 mm; W-1.10 mm; BH-1.15 mm; BW-0.9 mm; AH-0.85 mm; AW-0.70 mm; CA: 28°. + + +Anatomy +: the penis (Fig. +14A-C +) bent, simple, narrow, gradually narrowing towards its distal end, vas deferens inside running straight. + + + +Figure 14. +A-C + +Caucasogeyeria ignidona + +sp. nov., Imereti, Kumistavi, Prometheus Cave +D + +C. chrysomallos + +sp. nov., Kanti, Mapeli Spring, morphology of the penis. Photograph A. Falniowski and A. Rysiewska. + + + + +Etymology. + +Name derived from Latin word + +ignidona + +meaning of "donating fire", referring to the gift of Prometheus to the mankind, indirectly indicating the name of type locality in the Prometheus Cave near Kutaisi. + + + +Habitat. +Stygobiotic species. Live individuals of the new species were found in the cave stream on submerged stones and gravel, covered by a layer of dark brown-black layer of bacterial mats. Empty shells were found in sandy sediment of the cave stream. + + +Distribution. +Only known from the type locality. + + +Conservation status. +The number of known locations (1) is no more than 5 and EOO is smaller than 20 km2. There is no reason to suppose that AOO, EOO, number of locations, number of subpopulations or the number or mature individuals are declining however due to its extremely small EOO we assessed as Vulnerable (VU) D2. + + +Remarks. + +The sympatric + +Imeretiopsis prometheus + +sp. nov. has more numerous populations throughout the cave stream. It is not clear whether both species share the micro-habitats within the same cave stream. + + + +Plate 16. +1-6 + +Caucasogeyeria chrysomallos + +sp. nov., Samegrelo, Mukhuri, Kanti, Mapeli Spring +1 +holotype +2-6 +paratypes +7, 8 + +Caucasogeyeria chrysomallos + +sp. nov., Samegrelo, Mukhuri, Kanti, Mapeli Spring +9 +Caucasogeyeria cf. gloeri +, Samegrelo, Mukhuri, Mapeli Cave, paratype. The numbers correspond to individuals, and the letters represent the different views of the same individual. Photograph J. Grego. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F4/4F/16F44F99202A8E4C2B236B6E47BF12A7.xml b/data/16/F4/4F/16F44F99202A8E4C2B236B6E47BF12A7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2608b39ca85 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F4/4F/16F44F99202A8E4C2B236B6E47BF12A7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ + + + +Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Gkelis, Spyros + + + +Author + +Ourailidis, Iordanis + + + +Author + +Panou, Manthos + + + +Author + +Pappas, Nikos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +10084 +10084 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084 +1314-2828-4-10084 + + + + + +Jaaginema mauchanum (Claus) Anagnostidis & +Komarek +, 1988 + + + + + +Oscillatoria cf. mauchiana + + + +Notes + +Lamprinou et al. 2012 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F4/85/16F485CAD479C2970C08FDE71F550FCE.xml b/data/16/F4/85/16F485CAD479C2970C08FDE71F550FCE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..49df1d2ed02 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F4/85/16F485CAD479C2970C08FDE71F550FCE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +Order Dasyuromorphia + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +22 +37 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Dasyuroides +Spencer 1896 + + + + + + + +Dasyuroides +Spencer 1896 + +, + +Proc. Roy. Soc. +Victoria +, N. S., VIII: 5 + + +. + + + + +Type Species: + +Dasyuroides byrnei +Spencer 1896 + + + + + +Species and subspecies: +1 species: + + +Species + +Dasyuroides byrnei +Spencer 1896 + + + + + +Discussion: +Included in + +Dasycercus + +by +Mack (1961) +, Mahoney and Ride ( +in +Walton, 1988 +) and +Groves (1993) +, but +Kirsch et al. (1997) +considered this "premature"; see also Cooper et al. (2000), who also favoured making them congeneric. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F4/F8/16F4F81D0FD5820B52C03D53FE8B3959.xml b/data/16/F4/F8/16F4F81D0FD5820B52C03D53FE8B3959.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..5c8743f014e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F4/F8/16F4F81D0FD5820B52C03D53FE8B3959.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Tribe +Cisanthribini Zimmerman, 1994 + + + + +Cisanthribini +Zimmerman, 1994a: 232 [stem: Cisanthrib-]. Type genus: +Cisanthribus +Zimmerman, 1938. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F5/2F/16F52FD6589CECF1E65B1EB7720CF5CC.xml b/data/16/F5/2F/16F52FD6589CECF1E65B1EB7720CF5CC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b07b2e3b54 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F5/2F/16F52FD6589CECF1E65B1EB7720CF5CC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,46 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Ovis aries subsp. africana +[ +subspec. nov. +] + + + + +africana. +Raj. +75. +pro lana pilis brevibus hirta. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F5/77/16F577E37A4C5B4292F70BE01A7918C5.xml b/data/16/F5/77/16F577E37A4C5B4292F70BE01A7918C5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..69f82b9b125 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F5/77/16F577E37A4C5B4292F70BE01A7918C5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ + + + +Checklist of aquatic Diptera (Insecta) of Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia, a UNESCO world heritage site + + + +Author + +Ivkovic, Marija + + + +Author + +Doric, Valentina + + + +Author + +Baranov, Viktor + + + +Author + +Mihaljevic, Zlatko + + + +Author + +Kolcsar, Levente-Peter + + + +Author + +Kvifte, Gunnar Mikalsen + + + +Author + +Nerudova, Jana + + + +Author + +Pont, Adrian C. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2020 + +918 + + +99 +142 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.918.49648 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.918.49648 +1313-2970-918-99 +A8ACA00F1AEF41C4AE0E402C3E5A6A7B +B1E99D1C226850AA9F76EEB66ECEDCEB + + + + +Antocha (Antocha) vitripennis (Meigen, 1830) + + + +Literature reference. + +• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier +Novakovica +Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) ( + +Kolcsar +et al. 2015 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F5/8E/16F58E6D812C51C4A02E44480AAF2D26.xml b/data/16/F5/8E/16F58E6D812C51C4A02E44480AAF2D26.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c961f1341b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F5/8E/16F58E6D812C51C4A02E44480AAF2D26.xml @@ -0,0 +1,138 @@ + + + +Four new species of Diaporthe (Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales) from forest plants in China + + + +Author + +Cao, Lingxue +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1991-4593 +Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China + + + +Author + +Luo, Dun +Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Control of Diseases and Pests of South Plantation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China + + + +Author + +Lin, Wu +Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Control of Diseases and Pests of South Plantation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China + + + +Author + +Yang, Qin +Key Laboratory for Non-Wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China +T20192466@csuft.edu.cn + + + +Author + +Deng, Xiaojun +Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2022 + +2022-07-06 + + +91 + + +25 +47 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.91.84970 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.91.84970 +1314-4049-91-25 +08CCAE0A6B3B598A99060B28310299AD + + + + +Diaporthe eres Nitschke, Pyrenomyc. Germ. 2: 245, 1870. + + + +Description. + +See +Udayanga et al. (2014b) +. + + + +Specimens examined. + + +China +. +Beijing +: +Pinggu District +, on branches of + +Populus +x +xiaohei + +, +10 July 2020 +, + +Q. Yang + +(CSUFT101; living cultures: CSUFTCC101, CSUFTCC102, and CSUFTCC103) + +. + + + +Notes. + + +Diaporthe eres + +is the type species of the genus and was originally described by +Nitschke (1870) +, from + +Ulmus + +sp. in Germany, which has a widespread distribution and a broad host range as an endophyte or saprobe, or pathogen causing leaf spots, stem cankers and diseases of woody plants ( +Udayanga et al. 2014b +). In the present study, three isolates (CSUFTCC101, CSUFTCC102, and CSUFTCC103) are embedded into the + +D. eres + +species based on DNA sequence data (Fig. +1 +). We therefore describe + +D. eres + +as a known species for this clade. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F5/95/16F5958713BC1563B81D0BD5C4F36DA4.xml b/data/16/F5/95/16F5958713BC1563B81D0BD5C4F36DA4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..384e30e495f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F5/95/16F5958713BC1563B81D0BD5C4F36DA4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + + +A newly discovered biodiversity hotspot of many-plumed moths in the Mount Cameroon area: first report on species diversity, with description of nine new species (Lepidoptera, Alucitidae) + + + +Author + +Ustjuzhanin, Peter + + + +Author + +Kovtunovich, Vasily + + + +Author + +Safian, Szabolcs + + + +Author + +Maicher, Vincent + + + +Author + +Tropek, Robert + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2018 + +777 + + +119 +139 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.777.24729 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.777.24729 +1313-2970-777-119 +B3FA0CD572134EA08A85FA17DDBC3032 +B3FA0CD572134EA08A85FA17DDBC3032 + + + + +Alucita longipenis Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich +sp. n. + + + +Type material. + +Holotype, male, (NECJU 201801) CAMEROON, Elephant Camp, 1850 m a.s.l., Mount Cameroon (SW slope), +N4.11700° +, +E9.07292° +, 19-24.XI.2014, V. Maicher, Sz. +Safian +, +S +. +Janecek +, R. Tropek. Paratypes: 4 males, 2 females (NECJU, CUK) same data as holotype; 1 male (CUK), PlanteCam, 09-14.IV.2015, V. Maicher, Sz. +Safian +, +S +. +Janecek +, R. Tropek. + + + +Figures 2-4. +Alucita longipenis +Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. n. 2 Adult male, Holotype, NECJU3 Male genitalia, Holotype, NECJU, preparation slide no. 201801 4 Female genitalia, Paratype, NECJU, preparation slide no. 201810. Scale bar: 5 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis. + +In the +wings' +colour and the male genital structure, the new species is unique, with no analogues among known African +Alucitidae +. The phallus length, disproportionate in relation to the entire genital structure, distinguishes this species from all the known species of this family. + + + +External characters. + +Head with white spiky hairs, thorax, and tegula white with portions of brown strokes. Labial palpus thin, straight, 2 +x +longer than longitudinal eye diameter; brown on the outside, white on the inside. Third segment thin, narrow, tapered to apex. Antenna white, scape laterally thickened. Wingspan 18-23 mm, of holotype 22 mm. Wings white, with patches of brown strokes and spots. Small, dark brown rectangular spot in basal part of first lobe of fore wing. Larger, pale brown elongated spot with triangle cut in middle part of lobe. Alternating white, pale brown, and dark brown patches in the distal part of the first lobe. Apical part darkened with black scales. Dark brown elongated patches separated by narrow white bands on second lobe. Alternating brown and white elongated portions of scales on other four lobes of fore wing. Lobes of hind wing white, with patches of elongated brown strokes and spots. Fringe on wing pale, between first and second lobe of fore wing fringe with portions of dark brown scales. Abdomen white, with small spots of dark brown scales. Hind leg pale yellow. + + + +Male genitalia. + +Uncus long, equally wide along entire length. Gnathos longer than uncus, sharply thickened at end. Gnathos arms narrow, tapered to apices. Valva reduced, poorly expressed. Anellus arms long, narrow, slightly widened at apices. Saccus very long, elongated, smoothly curved in distal part. Phallus extremely long: 5 +x +longer than the entire genital structure, sharp arched bands in middle part, without cornuti. + + + +Female genitalia. + +Papilla analis narrow, elongated. Posterior apophyses straight, thin, long. Anterior apophyses equal in length to posterior apophyses, but slightly thicker and undulated. Antrum narrow, tubulate, length almost equal to posterior apophyses. Ductus corrugated, thin, very long: 4 +x +longer than antrum. Bursa copulatrix small, oval, barely exceeds length of antrum, without signa. + + + +Distribution. +Cameroon. + + +Flight period. +April, November. + + +Etymology. +The species is named after the morphological peculiarity of the phallus; the species name is a noun in apposition. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/06/16F606F18305F938AFFBB904AA44BBF5.xml b/data/16/F6/06/16F606F18305F938AFFBB904AA44BBF5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..559e57256e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/06/16F606F18305F938AFFBB904AA44BBF5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,114 @@ + + + +Diversity of mantids (Dictyoptera: Mantodea) of Sangha-Mbaere Region, Central African Republic, with some ecological data and DNA barcoding + + + +Author + +Moulin, Nicolas +82, route de l'ecole, Hameau de Saveaumare, 76680 Monterolier, France. +nmentomo@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Decaens, Thibaud +Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS, Universite de Montpellier, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. + + + +Author + +Annoyer, Philippe +Insectes du Monde Sabine, 09230 Sainte Croix de Volvestre, France. + +text + + +Journal of Orthoptera Research + + +2017 + +2017-11-24 + + +26 + + +2 + + +117 +141 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19863 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19863 +1937-2426-2-117 +DBD570D64A5F4D5F8C594A228B2217FF +4346FFDCFFD3FFEFC323FFAB6959FFD3 +1140837 + + + + +Amorphoscelis lamottei Roy, 1963 + + + +Roy 1963. Mem. Inst. Fond. Afr. Noire 66: 173 + + + +Type locality. +- + +Nimba, Ziela (Guinea). + + + +Material examined. +- + + +CAR, Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve, Bayanga-Lidjombo, PK 21 toward south-west, Genitalia Roy 4247, UV trap 16.VI.1998 (♂) (Collector PA) (RCNM); Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve, Bayanga, platform on the canopy 54m, +"Ayous" + +Triplochiton scleroxylon + +, +Sterculariaceae +, UV trap 13.X.2008 (2♂) (Collector PA) (IDM); Dzanga-Sangha Special Reserve, Bayanga, platform on the canopy 54m, +"Ayous" + +Triplochiton scleroxylon + +, +Sterculariaceae +, UV trap 14.X.2008 (♂) (Collector PA) (IDM); Dzanga-Ndoki NP, Lake 1, platform on the canopy 38m, +"Azobe" + +Lophira alata + +, +Ochnaceae +, UV trap 12.II.2012 (♂) (Collector NM and PA) (IDM). + + + + +Distribution. +- + +CAR, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, Uganda. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/8D/16F68DA1FF1DC4E5B7D0AC0A33B10BC0.xml b/data/16/F6/8D/16F68DA1FF1DC4E5B7D0AC0A33B10BC0.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c471232c130 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/8D/16F68DA1FF1DC4E5B7D0AC0A33B10BC0.xml @@ -0,0 +1,219 @@ + + + +Order Pilosa + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +100 +103 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Cyclopes didactylus +(Linnaeus 1758) + + + + + + + +[Myrmecophaga] didactyla +Linnaeus 1758 + +, +Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 35 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +"America australi;" restricted to +Surinam +by + +Thomas (1911 +a +) + + +. + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Silky Anteater +. + + + + +Synonyms: + +Cyclopes dydactyla +Brongniart 1792 + +; + +Cyclopes jurnanus +Cabrera 1958 + +. + + + + +Subspecies: +: + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +didactylus +Linnaeus 1758 + + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +catellus +Thomas 1928 + + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +dorsalis +Gray 1865 + + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +eva +Thomas 1902 + + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +ida +Thomas 1900 + + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +melini +Lönnberg 1928 + + + +Subspecies + +Cyclopes didactylus +subsp. +mexicanus +Hollister 1914 + + + + + +Distribution: +México +( +Veracruz +and +Oaxaca +) to +Colombia +and west of Andes to S +Ecuador +, east of Andes to +Venezuela +, +Trinidad +, +Guyana +, +Surinam +, +French Guiana +, and S +Colombia +and +Venezuela +, south to +Bolivia +( +La Paz +and +Santa Cruz +) and +Brazil +( +Acre +east to +Alagoas +). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Lower Risk (lc). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/92/16F69239850C5107A0FC07C42E3E4C0E.xml b/data/16/F6/92/16F69239850C5107A0FC07C42E3E4C0E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..80823bf0628 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/92/16F69239850C5107A0FC07C42E3E4C0E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,96 @@ + + + +A checklist of Nigerian ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): a review, new records and exotic species + + + +Author + +Jimoh, Bunmi Omowumi +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Gomez, Kiko +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-157X +Independent Researcher, Barcelona, Spain + + + +Author + +Kemabonta, Kehinde Abike +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-9196 +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Wakanjuola, Winifred Ayinke +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Phiri, Ethel Emmarantia +Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa + + + +Author + +Mothapo, Palesa Natasha +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8724-4328 +Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa +mothapo@sun.ac.za + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-01-29 + + +12 + + +99555 +99555 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e99555 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e99555 +1314-2828-12-e99555 +767A4AD8287A5FE99D4806177D4BACF0 + + + + +Camponotus perrisii Forel, 1886 + + + +Notes + +( +Medler 1980 +, +Ewuim 2007 +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/A4/16F6A412F66B7BCBE82A7842646ADCFA.xml b/data/16/F6/A4/16F6A412F66B7BCBE82A7842646ADCFA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a2766d3e25d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/A4/16F6A412F66B7BCBE82A7842646ADCFA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea + + + +Author + +Dale-Skey, Natalie + + + +Author + +Askew, Richard R. + + + +Author + +Noyes, John S. + + + +Author + +Livermore, Laurence + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +8013 +8013 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013 +1314-2828-4-8013 + + + + +Aprostocetus (Aprostocetus) subanellatus Graham, 1961 + + + +Distribution +England, Ireland + + +Notes +Added by Graham (1987) + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/B0/16F6B0CD75169DCF659987DE76B77073.xml b/data/16/F6/B0/16F6B0CD75169DCF659987DE76B77073.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b65db60f68c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/B0/16F6B0CD75169DCF659987DE76B77073.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves +Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada +bousquety1@yahoo.com + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2012 + +2012-11-28 + + +245 + + +1 +1722 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416 +1313-2970-245-1 +FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E +578462 + + + + +Amara apachensis Casey, 1884 + + + + +Amara apachensis +Casey, 1884b: 3. Type locality: +"Arizona" +(original citation), herein restricted to Tucson, Pima County (see Casey 1918: 241, as + +Bradytus specularis + +). Lectotype (♀), designated by Hieke (1993: 115), in USNM [# 47202]. + + +Bradytus specularis +Casey, 1918: 241. Type locality: +"Tucson +[Pima County], Arizona" (original citation). Lectotype [as typus] (♀), designated by Hieke (1994: 336), in USNM [# 47163]. Synonymy established by Hieke (1994: 336). + + +Celia amplipennis +Casey, 1918: 266. Type locality: +"Arizona" +(original citation). Lectotype [as holotypus] (♂), designated by Hieke (1993: 116), in USNM [# 47194]. Synonymy established by Hieke (1993: 115). + + +Celia patula +Casey, 1918: 270. Type locality: +"Arizona" +(original citation). Lectotype (♂), designated by Hieke (1993: 116), in USNM [# 47203]. Synonymy established by Hieke (1993: 115). + + +Celia decora +Notman, 1922b: 101. Type locality: "Sabino Canyon [Pima County], Ariz[ona]" (original citation). Holotype (♂) in USNM [# 26592]. Synonymy established by Hieke (1993: 115). + + + +Distribution. +This species ranges from northern Oregon to southern California and Sonora, east to western Texas and Chihuahua in Mexico (Hieke 2001: 128). The record from southwestern Utah (Tanner 1928: 270) needs confirmation. + + +Records. + +USA +: AZ, CA, NM, OR, TX [UT] - Mexico + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/D0/16F6D02580A0C7BA17BA8D4E7BB18239.xml b/data/16/F6/D0/16F6D02580A0C7BA17BA8D4E7BB18239.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..86b4456e092 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/D0/16F6D02580A0C7BA17BA8D4E7BB18239.xml @@ -0,0 +1,207 @@ + + + +Revision of the orchid bee subgenus Euglossella (Hymenoptera, Apidae), Part I, The decorata species group + + + +Author + +Hinojosa-Diaz, Ismael A. + + + +Author + +Engel, Michael S. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +140 + + +27 +69 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1923 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.140.1923 +1313-2970-140-27 + + + + + +Euglossa (Euglossella) singularis +Mocsary + +Figs 47-56 + + + + +Euglossa singularis +Mocsary +in +Friese, 1899 +: 169. Holotype ♀ (HNHM, visum). + + +Euglossa decorata ruficauda +Cockerell, 1918: 688. Holotype ♀ (AMNH, visum), syn. n. + + + +Material examined. + +Brazil: "SERRA do NAVIO; Terr. +Amapa +BRASIL; K. Lenko leg. // +COLECAO +; CAMPOS SEABRA" (1♂) FLMNH. + + +French Guiana: "FRENCH GUIANA; +Sauel +, Mt. Galbao Summit, 740 m; +3°37'18"N +, +53°16'42"W +; 6 JUN 1997; J.Ashe, R.Brooks; FG1AB97 152 // Euglossa; decorata F. +Smith 1874 +♀ [sex handwritten]; det. R.W. Brooks 1998 // [bar code];SM0103108; KUNHM-ENT" (1♀) SEMC; "FRENCH GUIANA; 19 km. SW. Kourou;16 July 1977. C.D.; Michener, T.Kukuk" (1♀) SEMC; "FRENCH GUIANA; Kourou, Km. 17 SW. [number handwritten]; 20Feb77; D. Roubik.No.91" (1♀) FLMNH; "FRENCH GUIANA; Kourou, Km. 16 SW. [number handwritten]; 13 April 1977 [date handwritten]; D. Roubik. No.127 // +Euglossa +; decorata Smith; det. R.L. +Dressler 1978 +[last two digits handwritten]" (1♀) SEMC. + + +Guyana: "Kalacoon; Bartica District; British Guiana // TYPE [red label] // Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.; Dept. Invert. Zool.; No.24484 [number handwritten] // Trop. Research Station; New York Zool. Society; No.; ac: 531b [last line handwritten on underside] // Euglossa; decorata n [?]; ruficauda;Ckll. TYPE. [label handwritten]" +( +1♀) AMNH; "BRITISH GUIANA:; Kartabo, Bartica; Dist. 1920 [last two digits handwritten] // Trop. Research Station; New York Zool. Society; No.201122 [number handwritten] // Gift of New York; Zoo.Soc.,Dept.; Tropical Research; William Beebe. Dir // Euglossa; decorata ♀; var. ruficauda; Cockerell; Det. Schwarz // Comment on; intermixed; dark hairs on; thorax and; vertex; darker; scutellar cushion,; etc. [last two +labels +handwritten]" (1♀) AMNH; Kartabo; Bartica District; British Guiana; 17-III-1922 [month and day handwritten] // Gift of New York; Zoo.Soc.,Dept.; Tropical Research; William Beebe. Dir // // Euglossa; decorata ♀; var. ruficauda; Cockerell; Det. H.F. Schwarz [label handwritten] " (1♀) AMNH; "Dawa, Tapakuma; Pomeroon, Guyana; C.Dodson 3-27-1970 [day handwritten]; Vanillin // Euglossa; decorataSmith; det. R.L. Dressler 1968 [last digit handwritten]" (1♂) FLMNH; same collecting data, no identification label (1♂) FLMNH; same collection data except date missing the day (3♂♂); "Kamakusa; Brit.Guiana; H.Lang // Euglossa; singularis; Mocs.; Det. J.S.Moure 1957 [first three lines and last two digits of year handwritten]" (1♀) NHML. + + +Surinam: "Amer. mer.; Surinam // Euglossa TYPE [second word handwritten]; singularis Mocs.; det. R.L.Dressler, 1975 // [big red label with no writing]" (1♀) HNHM; "[small pink label with no writing] // Surinam [handwritten] // Euglossa; singularis; ♂ Mocs.; 1910 Friese det. [first three lines handwritten, third and fourth lines overlapped] // Am. Mus. Nat. Hist.; Dept. Invert. Zool.; No.26004 [number handwritten] // Head fell off; and was reattached; by I. +Hinojosa-Diaz +2006 [all handwritten except for name and first three digits of year]" (1♂) AMNH. + +Venezuela: "VENEZUELA: BO. [state acronym handwritten]; Icabaru [handwritten]; 25 II 1967 [handwritten except first three digits of year] // Euglossa;singularisMocs.; det. R.L. Dressler 1968 [last digit handwritten]" (1♂) FLMNH. + + +Diagnosis. +Labiomaxillary complex in repose barely reaching sixth metasomal sternum in the male, and posterior margin of third metasomal sternum in the female (Figs 48, 50); both sexes with posterior margin of mesoscutellum evenly convex (Figs 47, 49); integument of head and mesosoma of both sexes brown to dark brown, with coppery-green hue, greener on mesoscutum (Figs 47-52); malar area length on average 0.15 the basal mandibular width; male mesotibia with posterior and anterior tufts separated by a distinguishable gap, posterior tuft characteristically circular (Fig. 54); male metatibia scalene right triangular (forming a right or slightly obtuse angle at intersection of anterior and ventral margins) (Fig. 55); first metasomal tergum orange, second tergum orange anteriorly, brown on posterior third, remaining terga brown to dark brown, similar pattern on sterna (some specimens, especially females with all metasoma dark brown), entire metasoma with faint coppery hue; legs yellow to dark brown (Figs 48, 50, 53-56); lateral section of gonostylus with dorsal sector straight, not projected, ventral lobe apically acute. + + +Description. + +♂: Structure. Total body length 10.81 mm (10.59-10.96; n=5); labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching anterior margin of sixth metasomal sternum (Fig. 48). Head length 2.73 mm (2.67-2.89; n=5), width 4.38 mm (4.22-4.48; n=5); upper interorbital distance 2.21 mm (2.19-2.22; n=5); lower interorbital distance 1.87 mm (1.81-1.93; n=5); upper clypeal width 1.01 mm (0.96-1.11; n=5); lower clypeal width 1.84 mm (1.78-1.89; n=5); clypeal protuberance 0.58 mm (0.44-0.67; n=5); clypeal ridges, labral ridges and labral windows as described for +Euglossa aurantia +; labrum about as wide as long, length 0.98 mm (0.96-1.04; n=5), width 1.00 mm (0.93-1.04; n=5); interocellar distance 0.3 mm (n=5); ocellocular distance 0.70 mm (0.67-0.74; n=5); first flagellomere as long [0.45 mm (0.44-0.48; n=5)] as second and +third +flagellomeres combined [0.45 mm (0.44-0.48; n=5)]; length of malar area 0.10 mm (0.09-0.11; n=5). Mandible tridentate. Pronotal lateral angle as described for +Euglossa aurantia +; intertegular distance 3.32 mm (3.19-3.41; n=5); mesoscutal length 2.62 mm (2.52-2.67; n=5); mesoscutellar length 1.27 mm (1.19-1.33; n=5); posterior margin of mesoscutellum evenly convex (Fig. 47); mesotibial length 2.13 mm (2.00-2.30; n=5); mesobasitarsal length 2.13 mm (2.20-2.30; n=5), width 0.62 mm (0.56-0.67; n=5); posterior keel as described for +Euglossa aurantia +; metatibial shape scalene right triangular (forming a right or slightly obtuse angle at intersection of anterior and ventral margins) (Fig. 55), metatibial anterior margin length 3.19 mm (2.93-3.41; n=5), ventral margin length 1.97 mm (1.56-2.22; n=5), postero-dorsal margin length 3.90 mm (3.78-4.15; n=5), maximum metatibial thickness 1.19 mm (1.04-1.33; n=5); metatibial organ slit as described for +Euglossa aurantia +(Fig. 55); basal section of metatibial organ slit length 0.55 mm (0.48-0.67; n=5); metabasitarsal length 2.48 mm (2.37-2.59; n=5), mid-width 0.85 mm (0.44-0.59; n=5); metabasitarsal ventral border truncate. Forewing length 8.74 mm (8.07-9.26; n=5); jugal comb with 12-15 (n=5) blades; hind wing with 18-21 (n=5) hamuli. Maximum metasomal width 4.28 mm (4.07-4.44; n=5); second metasomal sternum integumental modifications as described for +Euglossa aurantia +. + + +Coloration. Head integument and ivory areas as describred for +Euglossa decorata +, except coppery iridescence dominant on clypeus (Fig. 51). Mesosoma as described for +Euglossa decorata +(Figs 47-48); legs yellow to dark brown, with a similar pattern as in +Euglossa aurantia +(Figs 48, 53-55); tegulae and wings as described for +Euglossa aurantia +(Figs 47-48). First metasomal tergum orange, second tergum orange anteriorly, brown on posterior third, remaining terga brown to dark brown, similar pattern on sterna (some specimens, specially females with all metasoma dark brown), all metasoma with faint coppery hue (Figs 47-48). + + +Sculpturing. As described for +Euglossa aurantia +. + + +Vestiture. General vestiture as described for +Euglossa aurantia +. + + +Terminalia. Hidden sterna and capsule as described for +Euglossa apiformis +, lateral section of gonostylus with a straight or slightly convex dorsal sector (Fig. 33). + + +♀: Structure. Total body length 10.92 mm (10.00-11.63; n=5); labiomaxillary complex in repose reaching posterior margin of third metasomal sternum (Fig. 50). Head length 2.78 mm (2.67-2.85; n=5); head width 4.53 mm (4.41-4.59; n=5); upper interorbital distance 2.37 mm (2.26-2.44; n=5); lower interorbital distance 2.06 mm (2.00-2.11; n=5); upper clypeal width 1.11 mm (1.11-1.13; n=5); lower clypeal width 1.99 mm (1.93-2.00; n=5); clypeal protuberance 0.59 mm (0.52-0.67; n=5); medial and paramedial clypeal ridges well developed; labrum about as wide as long, length 1.02 mm (0.96-1.05; n=5), width 1.08 mm (1.04-1.11; n=5); labral ridges and windows as in male; anterior edge of labrum arched outwards; interocellar distance 0.30 mm (0.30-0.31; n=5); ocellocular distance 0.74 mm (n=5); length of first flagellar article [0.43 mm (0.41-0.44; n=5)] almost equal to combined lengths of second and third flagellar articles [0.45 mm (0.44-0.48; n=5)]; length of malar area 0.11 mm (0.08-0.15; n=5). Mandible tridentate. Pronotal lateral angle as in male; intertegular distance 3.33 mm (3.26-3.41; n=5); mesoscutal length 2.63 mm (2.44-2.78; n=5); mesoscutellar length 1.26 mm (1.19-1.33; n=5); posterior border of mesoscutellum as +in +male (Fig. 49); mesotibial length 2.19 mm (2.07-2.30; n=5); mesobasitarsal length 2.02 mm (1.93-2.15; n=5), maximum width 0.63 mm (0.52-0.70; n=5); metatibia triangular; metatibial anterior margin length 3.01 mm (2.96-3.19; n=5); metatibial ventral margin length 1.74 mm (1.56-1.93; n=5); metatibial postero-dorsal margin length 3.39 mm (3.33-3.48; n=5). Forewing length 8.34 mm (8.00-8.59; n=5); hind wing with 20-21 hamuli. Maximum metasomal width 4.67 mm (4.59-4.74; n=5). + +Coloration. In general as described for male. Paraocular marks absent; ivory coloration on mandible restricted to proximal one-third, antennal scape with yellow spot occupying most of antero-lateral surface although noticeably narrower than in male (Fig. 52). +Sculpturing. As described for male except mesepisternum with punctures not as dense (separated by about one puncture diameter). + +Vestiture. As described for male (see comments); mesoscutellar tuft rhomboid, composed of dense, fulvous and/or brown (see comments), erect, thick, multibranched (branches minute) setae (Fig. 49). Other features as described for female of +Euglossa aurantia +. + + + +Comments. + +Within the variety of specimens examined in the present study, most of those that exhibited a darker coloration deviating from the orangish color of the +Euglossa decorata +type bore identification labels from several experts referring to them as +Euglossa singularis +. As was noted above for +Euglossa decorata +in which there is a range of color variation, including numerous intermediates, blending to very dark specimens, the same can be recognized for +Euglossa singularis +. Despite the fewer number of specimens of +Euglossa singularis +(as here recognized) available for this study, a similar (although not as extreme) variation of integumental coloration can be appreciated. The female holotype is the darkest of the specimens examined for this species, and the holotype of +Euglossa decorata ruficauda +is the lightest. All specimens examined, both male and female, are on average smaller than any other species in the decorata group and the males are easily recognizable by the shape of the mesotibial posterior tuft. The rather copperyclypeus added to the previous features, and the restriction of these specimens to the Guiana Shield region, makes +Euglossa singularis +a distinctive species, for which characterization should not rely solely on integumental color. + + + +Figures 47-48. +Euglossa (Euglossella) singularis +Mocsary +, male. 47 Dorsal habitus 48 Lateral habitus. + + + + +Figures 49-50. +Euglossa (Euglossella) singularis +Mocsary +, female holotype 49 Dorsal habitus 50 Lateral habitus. + + + + +Figures 51-56. +Euglossa (Euglossella) singularis +Mocsary +51Facial aspect of male 52 Facial aspect of female 53 Outer surface of male mesotibia 54 Mesotibial tufts 55 Outer view of male metatibia and metatarsus 56 Outer view of female metatibia and metatarsus. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F6/D3/16F6D3EB30CB68370F11FEE869F16EBC.xml b/data/16/F6/D3/16F6D3EB30CB68370F11FEE869F16EBC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..309733f5f97 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F6/D3/16F6D3EB30CB68370F11FEE869F16EBC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + + +Einige interessante Thiere von Bonn (Excerpt) + + + +Author + +Bertkau + +text + + +Verhandlungen des naturhhistorischen Vereines der preussischen Rheinlande, Westfalens und des Reg. - Berzirks Osnabrück + + +1889 + +6 + + +5 + + +73 +75 + + + + +http://antbase.org/ants/publications/Bertkau_1889Excerpt/Bertkau_1889Excerpt.pdf + +journal article +Bertkau_1889Excerpt + + + + + +Comaroma + +( +n. g. +) +Simonii +n. sp. + + + + +Die Merkmale dieser neuen Gattung sind folgende: Sternum +fast +ein gleichseitiges Dreieck, die vordere Seite nur wenig +kuerzer +als die beiden anderen und die vorderen Ecken +staerker +abgerundet als die hintere. Unterlippe mit dem Sternum zusammengewachsen, ebenfalls (breit) dreieckig mit zugerundeter Spitze, Unterkiefer +schraeg +nach innen +ueber +die Unterlippe zusammengeneigt, mit ihren Spitzen einander aber nicht +beruehrend +, am Endo gerade abgeschnitten, Aussenrand dem Innenrand parallel, daher der Umriss rhomboidisch. Oberkiefer +kraeftig +, nicht sehr lang, sonst ohne besondere Auszeichnung. Die Mittclaugcn der vorderen Reihe sind ganz +verkuemmert +; die Seitenaugcn sehr gross, rund; die hinteren Seitenaugen mit ihnen fast in +Beruehrung +, elliptisch; die Scheitelaugen weit kleiner als die vorderen Seitenaugen, nicht regelmaessig rund, nicht ganz um ihren Durchmesser von einander, und ebenso weit von den Seitenaugen entfernt; von oben betrachtet ist die hintere Augenreihe (Vorderrand der Augen) gerade. Cephalothorax im Umkreis +eifoermig +, +ueber +den +Ruecken +massig und regelmaessig +gewoelbt +, mit aufgeworfenem Rande; die vordere Augenreihe fast um den dreifachen Durchmesser der Seitenaugen von dem Stirnrand entfernt. - Hinterleib breit +eifoermig +, etwas +niedergedrueckt +, von vorn nach hinten wenig verbreitert und hinten +ploetzlich +gerundet zugespitzt. In der Haut 2, beim ♂ 3 Hornplatten; eine +groessere +, auf der +Rueckenflaeche +dicht +ueber +dem Hinterleibsstiel beginnend und an den Seiten bis hinter die Mitte hcrabziehend, auf der +Bauchflaeche +mit stark ausgeschnittener Mitte, die die Genitalspalte begrenzt. Eine weit kleinere Platte stellt einen Ring um die Spinnwarzen dar, die denselben nur wenig +ueberragen +; in diesem Ringe auch das Tracheenstigma. Die Haut zwischen diesen Platten besitzt dicht +gedraengte +Inselchen einer ebenfalls +staerker +verhornten Haut; diese Inselchen sind in der Mitte vertieft und tragen ein nach hinten gerichtetes Haar; beim ♂ hat die +Rueckenflaeche +eine fast bis zum After reichende dritte Platte; auch das Sternum in beiden Geschlechtern mit grob eingestochenen Punkten. - Weiblicher Taster ohne Kralle; Beine an den Schienen und Tarsen mit langen, fast stachelartigen Haaren. + + + + +Was die systematische Stellung dieser Gattung angeht, so scheint sie mir zu den Theridiaden zu +gehoeren +. Der Mangel einer weiblichcn Tasterkralle +koennte +zwar +fuer +die +Zugehoerigkeit +zu den Micryphantiden sprechen; indessen kommt dieser Mangel auch bei +Pholcomma +z.B. vor. Die geringe Breite der Tracheenspalte, die an ihren Ecken nicht erweitert ist, spricht +dafuer +, dass die Tracheen nur 4 einfache +Roehren +sind. + + + + +Gesammtlaenge +des ♂ 1,5; des ♀ 2 mm. - Lebhaft rötlich, die verhornten Theile dunkler; Rand des Cephalothorax braunroth; zwischen den vorderen Seitenaugen ein schwarzer Wisch als einzige Andeutung der Stirnaugen. - Die Samentaschen durch die Bauchplatte +braunroth +durchschimmernd; eine +aeussere +Oeffnung nicht sichtbar, so dass ihr Eingang wahrscheinlich in der Genitalspalt.e liegt. - Taster des ♂ kurz; Knie unbedeutend +laenger +als dick, cylindrisch; Tibia etwas +laenger +als das Knie, +ueber +den +Ruecken +hoch +gewoelbt +, nach beiden Enden hin +verschmaelert +, vorne an der Innenseite etwas +ueber +das letzte Glied verbreitert. Schiffchen hoch +gewoelbt +, vorn zugespitzt, Bulbus bis zur Spitze des Schiffchens reichend, auf der Unterseite bis zur Mitte ziemlich stark hervorragend. In der Mitte befindet sich ein fast senkrecht abstehender, etwas gebogener kurzer Fortsatz; nahe der Mitte des Innenrandes entspringt der +kraeftige +Eindringer, der gebogen ist und bis zur Spitze des Schiffchcns reicht und sich hier mit einem an der +aeusseren +Haelfte +des Bulbus entspringenden +kraeftigen +, gerade nach vorn gerichteten, bandartigen und an seinem Grunde etwas gedrehten Fortsatz kreuzt. - + + + + +Ein ♀ fand ich am 1. April d. J. bei +Roehndorf +unter einem Stein; das ♂ verehrte mir Simon +guetigst +zur +Vervollstaendigung +der Beschreibung; es stammt von Castelnuovo ( +noerdl +. Istrien); ausserdem besitzt er die Art aus Ungarn. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F7/30/16F7304EBF401CB2D742ABCE6F631D91.xml b/data/16/F7/30/16F7304EBF401CB2D742ABCE6F631D91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..847fdd0fd61 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F7/30/16F7304EBF401CB2D742ABCE6F631D91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ + + + +Polychaetes of Greece: an updated and annotated checklist + + + +Author + +Faulwetter, Sarah + + + +Author + +Simboura, Nomiki + + + +Author + +Katsiaras, Nikolaos + + + +Author + +Chatzigeorgiou, Giorgos + + + +Author + +Arvanitidis, Christos + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2017 + +5 + + +20997 +20997 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e20997 +1314-2828-5-20997 + + + + +Platynereis dumerilii (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1834) + + + +Notes + +Lobo et al. (2016) +show that specimens from Portugal and Italy genetically diverge, indicating potentially more than one cryptic species in Europe (pending further corroboration through analysis of more specimens). One of the sibling species of +Platynereis dumerilii +occurring near CO2 vents in Ischia, Italy, was recently shown to correspond to +Platynereis massiliensis +(Moquin-Tandon, 1869) ( +Valvassori et al. 2015 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F7/50/16F7508D98BDBA186026AF49C68F00D1.xml b/data/16/F7/50/16F7508D98BDBA186026AF49C68F00D1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..af04a0661ee --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F7/50/16F7508D98BDBA186026AF49C68F00D1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ + + + +The Pteridaceae family diversity in Togo + + + +Author + +Abotsi, Komla Elikplim + + + +Author + +Radji, Aboudou R. + + + +Author + +Rouhan, Germinal + + + +Author + +Dubuisson, Jean-Yves + + + +Author + +Kokou, Kouami + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2015 + +3 + + +5078 +5078 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5078 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.3.e5078 +1314-2828-3-5078 + + + + +Haplopteris guineensis var. guineensis (Desv.) Crane + + + + +Vittaria guineensis +Desv, +V. congoensis +H.Christ, +V. guineensis var. cancellata +Hieron. +Pteris guineensis +(Desv) Desv + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12466 +; recordNumber: 8174; recordedBy: +J.-F. Brunel +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Haplopterisguineensis(Desv.)Cranevar.guineensis; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Haplopteris; specificEpithet: guineensis; infraspecificEpithet: guineensis; taxonRank: variety; scientificNameAuthorship: (Desv.) Crane; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7.5833333 +; decimalLongitude: +0.6 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: J.-F. Brunel; dateIdentified: /1/1984; Event: eventDate: +/1/1984 +; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: catalogNumber: +12467 +; recordNumber: 5592; recordedBy: +J.-F. Brunel +; lifeStage: +Adult +; reproductiveCondition: Fertile; Taxon: nameAccordingToID: The Plant List; scientificName: Haplopterisguineensis(Desv.)Cranevar.guineensis; kingdom: Plantae; phylum: Monilophyta; class: Polypodiidae; order: Polypodiales; family: Pteridaceae; genus: Haplopteris; specificEpithet: guineensis; infraspecificEpithet: guineensis; taxonRank: variety; scientificNameAuthorship: (Desv.) Crane; Location: continent: Africa; country: +Togo +; stateProvince: Plateaux; decimalLatitude: +7 +; decimalLongitude: +0.75 +; geodeticDatum: WGS 1984; Identification: identifiedBy: J.-F. Brunel; Record Level: institutionID: Herbarium togoense; collectionID: TOGO + + + + +Ecological interactions + +Native status +Native + + + +Distribution + +Togo (Ecological Zone 4), Congo, Guinea, Sao +Tome +, Principe Isl., Bioko Isl., Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Angola, Uganda + + + +Notes + +Haplopteris guineensis var. guineensis +is a small epiphytic fern, with a shortly creeping rhizome covered by scales, black and lanceolate, darker in the center, with a colorless light. The frond is linear-lanceolate, 10 to 60 cm long and 0.4 to 1.2 cm width. The stipe is 2-5 cm long, blackish at the base. The end of the leaf blade is acute, mucronnate, with terminal hydathode. Midrib only appears only at the base of the frond. The lateral ribs are not visible, except for the young fronds. The sori are marginal, immersed. The plant usually grows on the trunks of trees in the gallery forests and rainforests. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F8/79/16F87935CEB39FF95E7C9846CEFE3A8D.xml b/data/16/F8/79/16F87935CEB39FF95E7C9846CEFE3A8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8535ce32635 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F8/79/16F87935CEB39FF95E7C9846CEFE3A8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ + + + +Advances in Legume Systematics 14. Classification of Caesalpinioideae. Part 2: Higher-level classification + + + +Author + +Bruneau, Anne +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5547-0796 +Institut de recherche en biologie vegetale and Departement de Sciences biologiques, Universite de Montreal, 4101 Sherbrooke E., Montreal (QC) H 1 X 2 B 2, Canada +anne.bruneau@umontreal.ca + + + +Author + +de Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7436-0939 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ringelberg, Jens J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0567-5210 +Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland & School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh EH 8 9 YL, UK + + + +Author + +Borges, Leonardo M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9269-7316 +Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Departamento de Botanica, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, 13565 - 905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil + + + +Author + +Bortoluzzi, Roseli Lopes da Costa +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7445-7244 +Programa de Pos-graduacao em Producao Vegetal, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias Agroveterinarias, Avenida Luiz de Camoes 2090, 88520 - 000, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil + + + +Author + +Brown, Gillian K. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7940-5435 +Queensland Herbarium and Biodiversity Science, Department of Environment and Science, Toowong, Queensland, 4066, Australia + + + +Author + +Cardoso, Domingos B. O. S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7072-2656 +Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biodiversidade e Evolucao (PPGBioEvo), Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Bahia (UFBA), Rua Barao de Jeremoabo, s. n., Ondina, 40170 - 115, Salvador, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Clark, Ruth P. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9974-2933 +Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK + + + +Author + +Conceicao, Adilva de Souza +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-422X +Programa de Pos-graduacao em Diversidade Vegetal, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Herbario HUNEB, Campus VIII, Rua do Gangorra 503, 48608 - 240, Paulo Afonso, Bahia, Brazil + + + +Author + +Cota, Matheus Martins Teixeira +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-7501 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Demeulenaere, Else +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-3051 +Center for Island Sustainability and Sea Grant, University of Guam, UOG Station, Mangilao, 96923, Guam + + + +Author + +de Stefano, Rodrigo Duno +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-4121 +Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, A. C. (CICY), Calle 43 No. 130 x 32 y 34, Chuburna de Hidalgo; CP 97205, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico + + + +Author + +Ebinger, John E. +Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 61920, USA + + + +Author + +Ferm, Julia +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8762-3942 +Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, 10691, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden + + + +Author + +Fonseca-Cortes, Andres +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7207-9940 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Gagnon, Edeline +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-9688 +Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph (ON) N 1 G 2 W 1, Canada & Chair of Phytopathology, Technical University Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany & Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 3 5 LR, UK + + + +Author + +Grether, Rosaura +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2673-665X +Departamento de Biologia, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Apdo. Postal 55 - 535, 09340 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico + + + +Author + +Guerra, Ethiene +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-1717 +Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, Bloco IV - Predio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501 - 970, Brazil + + + +Author + +Haston, Elspeth +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9144-2848 +Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, EH 3 5 LR, UK + + + +Author + +Herendeen, Patrick S. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-8671 +Chicago Botanic Garden, 1000 Lake Cook Road, Glencoe, IL 60022, USA + + + +Author + +Hernandez, Hector M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1741-5515 +Departamento de Botanica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Cd. Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico + + + +Author + +Hopkins, Helen C. F. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-8224 +Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK + + + +Author + +Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-5875 +Herbario Alwyn Gentry (HAG), Universidad Nacional Amazonica de Madre de Dios (UNAMAD), AV. Jorge Chavez N ° 1160, Madre de Dios, Peru + + + +Author + +Hughes, Colin E. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9701-0699 +Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8198-8898 +Department of Biology & Wildlife & Herbarium (ALA) at the University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Fairbanks, P. O. Box 756960, Fairbanks AK 99775 - 6960, USA + + + +Author + +Iganci, Joao +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5740-3666 +Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, Bloco IV - Predio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501 - 970, Brazil & Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Fisiologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Campus Universitario Capao do Leao, Passeio Andre Dreyfus, Departamento de Botanica, Predio 21, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 96010 - 900, Brazil + + + +Author + +Koenen, Erik J. M. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4825-4339 +Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Faculte des Sciences, Campus du Solbosch - CP 160 / 12, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, 50, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium + + + +Author + +Lewis, Gwilym P. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2599-4577 +Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW 9 3 AE, UK + + + +Author + +de Lima, Haroldo Cavalcante +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-670X +Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlantica / INMA-MCTI, Av. Jose Ruschi, 4, Centro, 29650 - 000, Santa Teresa, Espirito Santo, Brazil + + + +Author + +de Lima, Alexandre Gibau +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9168-2507 +Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil & Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden + + + +Author + +Luckow, Melissa +https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2543-0516 +School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, 215 Garden Avenue, Roberts Hall 260, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA + + + +Author + +Marazzi, Brigitte +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3252-5816 +Natural History Museum of Canton Ticino, Viale C. Cattaneo 4, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland + + + +Author + +Maslin, Bruce R. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3039-0973 +Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia, 6983, Australia & Singapore Herbarium, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore, Singapore + + + +Author + +Morales, Matias +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5540-9725 +Instituto de Recursos Biologicos, CIRN-CNIA, INTA. N. Repetto & Los Reseros s. n., Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina & Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290 (C 1425 FQB), Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina + + + +Author + +Morim, Marli Pires +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-8429 +Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, 22460 - 030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil + + + +Author + +Murphy, Daniel J. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-363X +Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia + + + +Author + +O'Donnell, Shawn A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0731-7425 +Geography and Environmental Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE 1 8 ST, UK + + + +Author + +Oliveira, Filipe Gomes +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0244-3262 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Oliveira, Ana Carla da Silva +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7042-5360 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Rando, Juliana Gastaldello +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-8231 +Programa de Pos-graduacao em Ciencias Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Rua Professor Jose Seabra Lemos 316, 47800 - 021, Barreiras, Bahia, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ribeiro, Petala Gomes +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-9971 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Ribeiro, Carolina Lima +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9508-2894 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Santos, Felipe da Silva +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1068-0578 +Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Av. Transnordestina s / n, Campus, Novo Horizonte. 44036 - 900, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil + + + +Author + +Seigler, David S. +https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5177-5893 +Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA + + + +Author + +da Silva, Guilherme Sousa +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4250-0017 +Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083 - 876, Sao Paulo / SP, Brazil + + + +Author + +Simon, Marcelo F. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5732-1716 +Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (Embrapa) Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estacao Biologica, Caixa Postal 02372, 70770 - 917, Brasilia / DF, Brazil + + + +Author + +Soares, Marcos Vinicius Batista +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2660-1771 +Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Av. Bento Goncalves 9500, Bloco IV - Predio 43433, Porto Alegre, RS, 91501 - 970, Brazil + + + +Author + +Terra, Vanessa +https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5669-1304 +Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105 - 900, Santa Maria / RS, Brazil + +text + + +PhytoKeys + + +2024 + +2024-04-03 + + +240 + + +1 +552 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.240.101716 +1314-2003-240-1 +B699D9DE2B435B1093DE3C38C703D430 + + + + +Viguieranthus Villiers, Legum. Madagascar: 271. 2002. + + + + +Figs 204 +, 205 +, 207 + + + + +Type +. + + + +Viguieranthus alternans + +(Benth.) Villiers [≡ + +Calliandra alternans + +Benth.] + + + +Description. + +Unarmed shrubs or trees to 25 m, with trunks up to 80 cm diameter. +Stipules +coriaceous, not spinescent, more or less persistent. +Leaves +bipinnate, rarely pinnate; petioles with an extrafloral nectary at the apex, sometimes also present on the rachis tips, sometimes the petioles and rachis with narrowly winged margins; pinnae of bipinnate leaves 1 pair; leaflets alternate to opposite, sometimes 1 or 3 per pinna, 1 pair per leaf in pinnate leaves, up to 7.7 +x +4.6 cm, but frequently more numerous (to 34 per pinna), and smaller (9-35 +x +2-15 mm). +Inflorescences +spherical heads, elongate spikes or racemes, pedunculate, solitary or fasciculate, arising from leaf axils, sometimes organised in pseudopanicles, homomorphic. +Flowers +hermaphrodite; calyx usually cup-shaped, less frequently broadly obovoid, obconical or hemispherical, 4-5-lobed; corolla obconical, with the petals connate into a tube, 4-5-lobed; stamens numerous, long exserted from the corolla, white, always with the base fused forming a tube inserted in the corolla, anthers eglandular; pollen in 16-grained polyads, acalymmate, discoid, heteromorphic, without eccentric lens-shaped thickenings on the central cells; ovary sessile or short-pedicellate; stigma funnel-shaped or capitate. +Fruits +linear-oblanceolate, linear-elliptic, or linear-obovate to narrowly obovate, flattened, straight or slightly curved, with thickened margins, the valves chartaceous, coriaceous or ligneous, dehiscing along both margins. +Seeds +ovoid, oblong or rhomboid, without a pleurogram. + + + +Chromosome number. +Unknown. + + +Included species and geographic distribution. + +Eighteen species occurring in Madagascar, all endemic (except + +V. subauriculatus + +Villiers also recorded from Comoro Islands) (Fig. +207 +). + + + +Figure 207. +Distribution of + +Viguieranthus + +based on quality-controlled digitised herbarium records. See Suppl. material 1 for the source of occurrence data. + + + + +Ecology. + +Most species are reported from the eastern, humid, evergreen forests in Madagascar. However, some species grow in areas covered by dry deciduous woodland or xerophytic scrubland. Populations are reported from sea level to 1600 m ( +Villiers 2002 +). + + + +Etymology. + +Named after +Rene +Viguier (1880-1931), French botanist. + + + +Human uses. + +The wood of some species is reported to be used as firewood, and for house construction and joinery ( +Villiers 2002 +). + + + +Notes. + +In the original description of + +Viguieranthus + +, published in The +Leguminosae +of Madagascar one year after J.F. +Villiers' +death ( +Villiers 2002 +), it was mentioned that the genus comprises 23 species distributed in Madagascar and Asia. However, only 18 species were considered, including new combinations and new species. As concluded by +Souza et al. (2016) +, the five remaining species not considered by Villiers correspond to five Asian species: three currently recognised under + +Thailentadopsis + +( +Lewis and Schrire 2003 +); to + +Calliandra cynometroides + +Bedd., later transferred to + +Sanjappa + +( +Souza et al. 2016 +); and + +C. umbrosa + +(Wall.) Benth., one species from India, Bangladesh and Myanmar. The latter species certainly does not belong to + +Calliandra + +in its current concept (see +Calliandra +clade, page 358), and its generic placement is awaiting critical evaluation4. + + +In light of the previous considerations, + +Viguieranthus + +is a Madagascan genus, characterised by constantly having leafy (not spinescent) stipules; bipinnate leaves with only 1 pair of pinnae; a variable number of opposite or alternate pairs of leaflets per pinna, sometimes reduced to one leaflet per pinna ( + +V. unifoliolatus + +Villiers and + +V. brevipennatus + +Villiers); and homomorphic inflorescences ( +Villiers 2002 +). The polyads, described as Type A polyads by Guinet and + +Hernandez +(1989) + +, are 16-grained, acalymmate, discoid, heteromorphic, and lack the eccentric, lens-shaped thickenings on the central cells, characteristic of + +Zapoteca + +. + +Viguieranthus + +is probably a monophyletic genus (further sampling is required; +Souza et al. 2013 +, +2016 +) and sister to a clade that includes + +Faidherbia + +, + +Sanjappa + +and + +Thailentadopsis + +( +Ringelberg et al. 2022 +). + + + +Taxonomic references. + +Villiers (2002) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F9/48/16F948D0BDB446EF7F6ADF71F987C8D2.xml b/data/16/F9/48/16F948D0BDB446EF7F6ADF71F987C8D2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..621f5010dcf --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F9/48/16F948D0BDB446EF7F6ADF71F987C8D2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + +Two new species of Hygrophorus from temperate Himalayan Oak forests of Pakistan + + + +Author + +Naseer, Arooj + + + +Author + +Khalid, Abdul Nasir + + + +Author + +Healy, Rosanne + + + +Author + +Smith, Matthew E. + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2019 + +56 + + +33 +47 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.56.30280 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.56.30280 +1314-4049-56-33 + + + + +Hygrophorus alboflavescens A. Naseer & A.N. Khalid +sp. nov. +Figures 1, 2 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +can be distinguished from related species by its white, centrally depressed pileus having yellow dots, with straight, even margins; occurrence of white stipe with yellow patches at lower half and broader (4.98 +μm +) basidiospores. + + + +Figure 1. Morphology of +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +(Holotype). +A-D +Basidiomata A, BLAH35244; FLAS-F-59457 C, DLAH35243. Scale bar: 1.5 cm. + + + + +Figure 2. Anatomy of +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +. +A-DLAH +35243 (holotype) A Basida B Basidiospores C Pileipellis D Stipitipellis. Scale bars: 2.0 +μm +(A); 4.5 +μm +(B); 13.7 +μm +(C); 7.8 +μm +(D). + + + + +Typification. + +PAKISTAN. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Swat, Shawar Valley, 2100 m alt., solitary or in pairs, on soil under +Quercus incana +, 14 July 2014, Arooj Naseer & Abdul Nasir Khalid, ASSW36 (holotype: LAH35243). + + + +Etymology. +The species epithet refers to the white pileus with yellow dots and white stipe with yellow patches. +Basidiomata medium to large sized. Pileus 7-10.5 cm in diameter, butter white (0.1B 8.8/0.3) with yellow (5.2Y 4.3/4) dots, plane, centrally depressed, context moderately thick, margin, even, smooth, straight, sometime incurved. Lamellae white (5.1GY 7.9/1.9) with yellow (6.1 Y 6.8/5.5) and pink (2.8Y 6.9/3.9) colouration, decurrent, thick, distant, L = 30-41, even, entire. Lamellulae irregular, of variable length, alternating with lamellae. Stipe 1.5-2.5 cm thick at apex, 0.5-1.5 cm at base, 8 -12.5 cm long, white (0.1B 8.8/0.3) with yellow (5.4Y 5.3/4) patches at lower half, cylindrical, slightly tapering at base, central, hollow. + +Basidiospores [60/3/2] (5.52-) 5.6-7.9 (-8.1) +x +(3.84-) 3.9-6.5 (-6.7), avL +x +avW = 6.64 +x +4.98, Q = (1.20-) 1.21 +x +1.40 (-1.43), avQ = 1.34, light green to hyaline in 5% KOH, ellipsoid, oblong, thick-walled. Basidia 31.6-48.8 +x +5.8-6.7 +μm +, hyaline in 5% KOH, four-spored, clavate with long sterigmata (up to 3.0-4.2 +μm +), densely guttulated. Hymenophoral Trama 4-5.2 +μm +in diameter, thin-walled, branched, septate, oil contents, clamp connection present. Pileipellis an ixocutis of wide, thick hyphae, 3.0-5.5 +μm +in diameter. Stipitipellis a cutis of parallel and erect hyphae, 3.1-5.3 +μm +in diameter, light yellow in 5% KOH, septate. Clamp Connections present in all tissues. + + + +Habit and distribution. + +Solitary and in pairs on soil under +Quercus incana +, at 2100 m a.s.l., in thick moist temperate forest of the western Himalaya. + + + +Additional material examined. + +PAKISTAN, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Swat, Shawar Valley, 2100 m a.s.l., solitary or in a pair, on soil under +Quercus incana +, 14 July 2014, Arooj Naseer & Abdul Nasir Khalid, ASSW81 (LAH35244; FLAS-F-59457). + + + +Notes. + +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +nom. prov. can be distinguished from closely related species by the following combination of characters: a white, plane, centrally depressed pileus having straight margins; stipe that is white above and yellow below; and broadly ellipsoid spores. The closely related species +Hygrophorus penarioides +is +also +an oak-specific species (Table 1). However, they differ morphologically. +Hygrophorus penarioides +can easily be distinguished by its convex pileus with broad umbo and its involute margins ( +Jacobsson and Larsson 2007 +), whereas +H. alboflavescens +has centrally depressed pileus (without umbo) and straight margins. +Hygrophorus penarioides +has a pure white pileus and stipe which become cream or slightly pinkish with age, whereas +H. alboflavescens +has a white stipe and pileus with yellow colouration on both. +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +has a longer stipe (8-12.5 cm) and broader spores (3.9-6.7 +μm +) as compared to +H. penarioides +. +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +is further differentiated from closely related taxa, +H. sordidus +, which has a convex, expanded to plane pileus that is larger (8-20 cm broad) compared with the smaller (7-10.5 cm broad), centrally depressed pileus of +H. alboflavescens +. +Hygrophorus alboflavescens +has even, smooth and straight margins that differ from involute and subnoccose margins of +H. sordidus +. Molecular analyses based on ITS and LSU regions also support +H. alboflavescens +as a distinct taxon and demonstrate its ECM relationship with oak in Pakistan. + + + +Table 1. Comparsion of +Hygrophorus +spp. from Pakistan with morphologically similar species. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Characters/ Species +H. alboflavescens +sp. nov. + +H. penarioides +Jacobsson & E. Larss. + +H. sordidus +Peck + +H. scabrellus +sp. nov. + +H. eburneus +(Bull.) Fr. + +H. cossus +(Sowerby) Fr. +
Pileus
Stipe
Basidiospores
Habitat +Fagus +
+ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F9/54/16F95452D157FFB13E9D1BAE8EF83060.xml b/data/16/F9/54/16F95452D157FFB13E9D1BAE8EF83060.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..64ced5a7f89 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F9/54/16F95452D157FFB13E9D1BAE8EF83060.xml @@ -0,0 +1,229 @@ + + + +Taxonomic revision of the genus Oodera Westwood, 1874 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae, Cleonyminae), with description of ten new species + + + +Author + +Werner, Jennifer +Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Arthropoda Department, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany + + + +Author + +Peters, Ralph S. +Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Arthropoda Department, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany +r.peters@zfmk.de + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2018 + +2018-04-30 + + +63 + + +73 +123 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.63.12754 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.63.12754 +1314-2607-63-73 +2A715390E97E4107A34BB4A3A3355753 +FFD8FFA77D44FFB4FFE7FFE4FFACDA15 +1243337 + + + + + +Oodera +madegassa +Boucek +, 1958 + +Figs 3f +, 6f +, 9f +, 12f +, 15f + + + + + +Oodera +madegassa + +Boucek +, 1958: 376. + + + +Diagnosis. + +FEMALE (N = 1). Large-sized (10.30 mm). Head and mesosoma dark blue to blackish. Fore wing partly infumate. Body slender (mesonotum 1.52 +x +as long as wide). Head elongated (1.77 +x +as high as long). Eyes large (0.63 +x +as high as head) (Fig. +9f +). Eye distance very short, head width 7.09 +x +eye distance. Corona slim (7.13 +x +as long as wide), structure continuous (Fig. +6f +). Pronotum oval and wider than long, with broadest part at midlength (Fig. +12f +). Mesoscutellum slender (0.85 +x +as long as wide), anterior margin convex (part anterior to imaginary transverse line connecting posterior margins of axillae more than 1/3 of mesoscutellum length; 0.44), mesoscutellum almost lineate in anterior third, longitudinally rugose in posterior two thirds (Fig. +15f +). Propodeum large (0.20 +x +as long as mesoscutum) (Fig. +15f +). Profemur elongated (2.38 +x +as long as wide). Marginal vein long (1.19 +x +as long as postmarginal vein). Metasoma medium (0.48 +x +as long as body). Ovipositor rather long (0.17 +x +as long as metasoma) (Fig. +3f +). + + + +Redescription. + +FEMALE. +Colour +(Figs +3f +, +6f +, +9f +, +12f +, +15f +). Scape brown, slightly brightening apically, rest of antenna dark brown. Procoxa dark blue to blackish, profemur dark brown, all other parts of legs brown. Metasoma black, with greenish spots laterally on tergites 2 to 5. + + +Head +(Figs +6f +, +9f +). Face completely reticulate. Head 1.86 +x +as wide as long. Head width 7.09 +x +eye distance. Malar space 0.38 +x +head height. Corona 0.61 +x +as long as eye height. POL 2 +x +OOL. Scape length not available. Clava 0.10 +x +as long as funicle. Flagellum 1.53 +x +as long as head width. + + +Mesosoma +(Figs +12f +, +15f +). Pronotum 0.95 +x +as long as wide. Pronotum 0.51 +x +as long as mesonotum. Mesonotum 1.43 +x +as long as mesoscutum. Mesoscutum 1.06 +x +as long as wide. Mesoscutellum 0.43 +x +as long as mesoscutum. Profemur 1.33 +x +as long as protibia. + + +Wings +(Fig. +3f +). Fore wing 3.40 +x +as long as wide. Costal cell 0.35 +x +as long as fore wing. Marginal vein 0.22 +x +as long as fore wing. Marginal vein 4.41 +x +as long as stigmal vein. Postmarginal vein 3.70 +x +as long as stigmal vein. + +MALE. Unknown. + + +Material examined. + + +AFRICA. + +Madagascar + +: female +holotype +, + + +Haute-Vallee + +de Sambirano + +, det. Z. + +Boucek +(1958) + +(NMP) (OMad01) + +. + + + +Biology. +Unknown. + + +Distribution. +Madagascar. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F9/B5/16F9B5F34C02D2FC5C32D4B6C32B4D9A.xml b/data/16/F9/B5/16F9B5F34C02D2FC5C32D4B6C32B4D9A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..963c2a82c0e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F9/B5/16F9B5F34C02D2FC5C32D4B6C32B4D9A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,58 @@ + + + +Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Ichneumonidae + + + +Author + +Broad, Gavin R. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +9042 +9042 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9042 +1314-2828-4-9042 + + + + +Ichneumon caloscelis Wesmael, 1845 + + + + +caloscelus +Marshall, 1872 + + +decens +(Berthoumieu, 1910, +Amblyteles +) + + + +Distribution +England, Ireland + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/F9/F6/16F9F6F868A02B3A6F64C062DE813AE2.xml b/data/16/F9/F6/16F9F6F868A02B3A6F64C062DE813AE2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..37605239ba1 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/F9/F6/16F9F6F868A02B3A6F64C062DE813AE2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,92 @@ + + + +A nomenclator of extant and fossil taxa of the Melanopsidae (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea) + + + +Author + +Neubauer, Thomas A. +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1398-9941 +Geological-Paleontological Department, Natural History Museum Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria +thomas.neubauer@nhm-wien.ac.at + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2016 + +2016-07-05 + + +602 + + +1 +358 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.602.8136 +1313-2970-602-1 +65EFA27673454AC69B78DBE7E98D6103 +FFA86D39FFE2FFF3FF8AFFEBC209FFDE +126863 + + + + + +Fagotia +letourneuxi Bourguignat, 1884 + + + + +Original source. + +Bourguignat 1884 +: 45. + + + +Type locality. + +"Riviere +entre Plaski et Ostaria, et dans la Save entre Agram et Sissek" [river between +Plaski +and +Ostarije +, and in the Sava river between Zagreb and Sisak], Croatia. + + + +Remarks. + +Note that Bourguignat denoted the authority as "Bourguignat, 1879". +Starobogatov et al. (1992 +: 60) considered the species as a junior synonym of + +Fagotia + +[= + +Esperiana + +] + +acroxia + +Bourguignat, 1884 + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FA/2D/16FA2D783FA45292A9FA9AA157A4E4AF.xml b/data/16/FA/2D/16FA2D783FA45292A9FA9AA157A4E4AF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1174534177d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FA/2D/16FA2D783FA45292A9FA9AA157A4E4AF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ + + + +A checklist of Nigerian ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): a review, new records and exotic species + + + +Author + +Jimoh, Bunmi Omowumi +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Gomez, Kiko +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-157X +Independent Researcher, Barcelona, Spain + + + +Author + +Kemabonta, Kehinde Abike +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4301-9196 +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Wakanjuola, Winifred Ayinke +University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria + + + +Author + +Phiri, Ethel Emmarantia +Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa + + + +Author + +Mothapo, Palesa Natasha +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8724-4328 +Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa +mothapo@sun.ac.za + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2024 + +2024-01-29 + + +12 + + +99555 +99555 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e99555 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e99555 +1314-2828-12-e99555 +767A4AD8287A5FE99D4806177D4BACF0 + + + + +** Nylanderia bourbonica (Forel, 1886) + + + +Notes +New record for Nigeria. +New Records: 2, 4, 8, 9, 11 + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FA/69/16FA6946518E1E2A8FF64B8E979EFA84.xml b/data/16/FA/69/16FA6946518E1E2A8FF64B8E979EFA84.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e26d2e43528 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FA/69/16FA6946518E1E2A8FF64B8E979EFA84.xml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ + + + +Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1753 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669 + +book +10.5281/zenodo.3931989 +3931989 + + + + +Linum perenne +, +spec. nov. + + + +2. Linum calycibus capsulisque obtusis, foliis alternis lanceolatis integerrimis. + +Linum foliis alternis lanceolatis integerrimis, calycibus apice obtusis, capsulis muticis. +Hort. ups.72. + + +Linum perenne, ramis foliisque alternis lineari-lanceotis. +Hort. cliff. 114. Roy. lugdb. 434. Sauv. monsp.53. + + +Linum perenne majus caeruleum, capitulo majore. +Moris. hist. 2. p.573. + + +Linum sylvestre caeruleum perenne erectius, flore & capitulo majore. +Raj. angl. 3. p.362. + + + + +Habitat in +Sibiria +et +Cantabrigiae +. ♃ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FA/74/16FA74F5B531334AD9698C9CB5118F55.xml b/data/16/FA/74/16FA74F5B531334AD9698C9CB5118F55.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a397830665f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FA/74/16FA74F5B531334AD9698C9CB5118F55.xml @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ + + + +Die Milbenfauna der Nordseeinsel Wangerooge + + + +Author + +Willmann, C. + +text + + +Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Meeresforschung Bremerhaven + + +1952 + +1 + + +139 +186 + + + + +http://unknown + +journal article +ORI11037 +1CD7624C-FC8F-4DD0-AA34-762D8FFB6267 + + + + +126. +Notaspis coleoptratus +(L. 1758). + + + + + +Fundort: + +Maehwiese +, Binnendeich, +suedlich +des Bahnhofes + +, + +8. X. 49 + +. + + + + + +Die Art ist weit verbreitet, sie ist +fuer +die Insel nicht charakteristisch. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FA/77/16FA772262EEBB709F87F10A6F1AA5EB.xml b/data/16/FA/77/16FA772262EEBB709F87F10A6F1AA5EB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..918ae122a1c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FA/77/16FA772262EEBB709F87F10A6F1AA5EB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +Order Artiodactyla + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +637 +722 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Sus verrucosus +subsp. +verrucosus +Boie 1832 + + + + + + + +Sus verrucosus +subsp. +verrucosus +Boie 1832 + +, +Neues Statsb. Mag. Schleswig, 1: 466 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +Indonesia +, " +Java +"; " +Java +, Palang" ( +Jentink, 1892:191 +). + + + + + +Synonyms: + +Sus verrucosus +subsp. +borneensis +Forsyth +Major 1897 + +; + +Sus verrucosus +subsp. +ceramica +Gray 1868 + +; + +Sus verrucosus +subsp. +mystaceus +Gray 1873 + +; + +Sus verrucosus +subsp. +olivieri +Sody 1941 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FB/6D/16FB6D531D1152EB945BBF9A716D4404.xml b/data/16/FB/6D/16FB6D531D1152EB945BBF9A716D4404.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..93825c6003d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FB/6D/16FB6D531D1152EB945BBF9A716D4404.xml @@ -0,0 +1,720 @@ + + + +Revisiting the taxonomy and molecular systematics of Sesamia stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina): updated classification and comparative evaluation of species delimitation methods + + + +Author + +Hévin, Noémie M. C. +0000-0003-1730-0010 +CBGP, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Kergoat, Gael J. +0000-0002-8284-6215 +CBGP, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Zilli, Alberto +0000-0002-3416-8069 +Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France + + + +Author + +Capdevielle-Dulac, Claire +Natural History Museum, Life Sciences, DC 2 - 2 N, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD, London, UK + + + +Author + +Musyoka, Boaz K. +Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France + + + +Author + +Sezonlin, Michel +Unité de Recherche UMR 247, African Insect Science for Food and Health (icipe), PO Box 30772 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya + + + +Author + +Conlong, Desmond +Département de Zoologie et de Génétique, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Bénin & South African Sugarcane Research Institute, Private Bag X 02, Mount Edgecombe, 4300, Republic of South Africa + + + +Author + +Van Den Berg, Johnnie +School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of Kwazulu – Natal, Private Bag X 01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, Republic of South Africa + + + +Author + +Ndemah, Rose +School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520 – Republic of South Africa + + + +Author + +Le Gall, Philippe +International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PO Box 2008 – Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon + + + +Author + +Cugala, Domingos +Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Av. J. Nyerere, Campus Universitario 1, Maputo, Republic of Mozambique + + + +Author + +Nyamukondiwa, Casper +0000-0002-0395-4980 +Eduardo Mondlane University, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Av. J. Nyerere, Campus Universitario 1, Maputo, Republic of Mozambique + + + +Author + +Pallangyo, Beatrice +Department of Biology and Biotechnological Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana. E-mail: nyamukondiwac @ biust. ac. bw + + + +Author + +Njaku, Mohamedi +Department of Biology and Biotechnological Sciences, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana. E-mail: nyamukondiwac @ biust. ac. bw + + + +Author + +Goftishu, Muluken +0000-0002-7194-9470 +Biocontrol Program, PO Box 30031, Kibaha, Tanzania + + + +Author + +Assefa, Yoseph +School of Plant Sciences, Haramaya University, P. O. Box 138, Diredawa, Ethiopia + + + +Author + +Kandonda, Onésime Mubenga +Department of Crop Production, University of Swaziland, Swaziland + + + +Author + +Bani, Grégoire +Faculté des Sciences agronomiques, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo + + + +Author + +Molo, Richard +Centre de Recherches Agronomiques de Loudima (CRAL), BP 28 – Loudima, Republic of the Congo + + + +Author + +Chipabika, Gilson +Namulonge Agricultural and Animal Production Research Institute (NAARI), PO Box 7084 – Kampala, Uganda + + + +Author + +Ong’amo, George +Zambia Agriculture Research Institute, Mount Maluku Central Research Station, PO Box 8 – Chilanga, Zambia + + + +Author + +Clamens, Anne-Laure +School of Biological Science, College of Physical and Biological Sciences (Chiromo Campus), University of Nairobi, PO Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya + + + +Author + +Barbut, Jérôme +De ́ partement Syste ́ matique et Evolution, Entomologie, Muse ́ um National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France + + + +Author + +Le Ru, Bruno +Natural History Museum, Life Sciences, DC 2 - 2 N, Cromwell Road, SW 7 5 BD, London, UK & Laboratoire Evolution Génomes Comportement et Ecologie, UMR CNRS 9191, IRD 247 and Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, France + +text + + +Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny + + +2024 + +2024-06-13 + + +82 + + +447 +501 + + + +journal article +10.3897/asp.82.e113140 +25470FD2-80E2-4849-A9EC-C97FB6514182 + + + + + +Sesamia poephaga +Tams & Bowden, 1953 + + + + + +Figures 8 J, U +; +9 H +; +11 +; +12 Q – T + + + + + + + +Sesamia poephaga + + +– +Tams and Bowden (1953: 668) +, + + +Poole +(1989: 908 + + +[catalogue]). + + + + + + + +Type material. + + + +Holotype +♂ +, [ + +GHANA + +], +Gold Coast +, N. [orth] +Territories +, +Kete-Krachi +, SES / 31, +B. M. 1925-126 +, Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1238, +A. W. Cardinall +Leg., ( + +NHM + +) + +; + +Paratypes +: + +GHANA + +: +one ♀ +, +Gold Coast +, North +Ashanti +, +Wenchi +, + +7. xii. 1947 + +, +ex maize +, + +NHM + +] + +; + + +NIGERIA + +: +one ♀ +, +Niger +, +Anambara Creek +, +Rothschild Bequest +B. M. 1939-1 +, Ses. 100, + + +Sesamia poephaga +Tams + + +Paratype ♀ det., +W. H. T. Tams +Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1408, ( + +NHM + +) + +; + +one ♂ +, +Anambara Creek +, +Rothschild Bequest +B. M. 1939-1 +., Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1282, ( + +NHM + +) + +; + +one ♀ +, +Nigeria +, +Ogruga +, +R. Niger +, + +NHM + +] + +; + + +REPUBLIC OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE + +: +one ♀ +, +Bingerville +, + +1–5. VIII. 1918 + +, ( + +NHM + +) + +; + + +TOGO + +: +five ♀ +, +British Mandated Togoland +, +Kpeve +, + +X. 1949 + +, +ex maize +, ( + +NHM + +) + +. + + + + +Other material. + + + + +ZAMBIA + +: +two ♂ +, +Western Province +, +Kantongo +, + +09 ° 29 ′ 03 ″ S +, +32 ° 37 ′ 54 ″ E + +, + +1378 m + +a. s. l., + +III. 2012 + +, +light trap +, gen. Prep. LE RU Bruno / 111-153, ( +B. Le Ru +leg.) ( + +MNHN + +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +(See also the identification key of + +incerta + +subgroup, section 3.4. 2.). This species can be distinguished from the other known members of the + +incerta + +subgroup by the combination of the following characters of the male and female genitalia: tegumen with large erected peniculi; vinculum u-shaped at the outer margin with a large sized saccus, rectangular; sacculus with a broad and short apical extension, curved inwards, strongly club-shaped; juxta large, the inferior plate almost triangular, produced into a sharp point, the superior plate broad and of medium length, shortly bifid terminally; phallus short and thick; vesica with a small semi-circular flat cornutus; ventrolateral plates of female segment A 8 very large, trapezoidal, the anterior side rounded, as long as wide; ostium bursae large, funnel-shaped sclerotized, with slightly pointed tip on each side; ductus bursae with two posterior very narrow and long sclerotized areas. + + + + +Description. + + +(Fig. +12 Q – T +). The species has been described in great detail by +Tams and Bowden (1953) +. However, Tams and Bowden did not mention the fact that the wings are more elongated in females than in males. — +Forewing length +: male +32–35 mm +(x ̅ = +33.5 mm +, N = 4); female +34–40 mm +(x ̅ = +37.2 mm +, N = 6). — +Male genitalia +(Fig. +8 J, U +). Tegumen with large erected peniculi; vinculum u-shaped at the outer margin and w-shaped at the inner margin without indentation, with a large saccus, rectangular. Valve with sacculus and cucullus separate; costa short and narrow, heavily sclerotized, ending with a stout and short straight spine, with two apical teeth; sacculus heavily sclerotized rounded at base, a broad and short apical extension, curved inwards, strongly club-shaped, bearing numerous short and stout spines; cucullus longer than sacculus, weakly sclerotized, slightly clavate at apex, with scattered and papillated hairs; juxta large, the inferior plate almost triangular, produced into a sharp point, the superior plate broad and of medium length, shortly bifid terminally; uncus angled and stout at base, narrowed in distal part, pointed at apex, tufted with long hairs on upper side; phallus short and thick, a bit curved in the middle; lamina ventralis with an elongate carinal crest, produced into paired lateral lobes; vesica with a small semi-circular flat cornutus. — +Female genitalia +(Fig. +9 H +). Apophyses anteriores with spatulate tips; ventrolateral plates of segment A 8 very large, trapezoidal, sclerotized, the anterior side rounded, as long as wide; ostium bursae large, funnel-shaped, sclerotized, with slightly pointed tip on each side; ductus bursae long and narrow, with two posterior very narrow and long sclerotized areas; corpus bursae pyriform, without signa; ovipositor lobes at least 2.8 times longer than wide with dorsal surface bearing numerous short and stout setae, the ventral side of each lobe slightly curved; apophyses posteriores more slender than apophyses anteriores. + + + + +Distribution. + + +Benin +, +Cameroon +, +Ghana +, +Mali +, +Republic of Côte d’Ivoire +, +Zambia +. Known from localities in different vegetation mosaics (‘ wetter Zambezian miombo woodland (dominated by + +Brachystegia + +, + +Julbernardia + +and + +Isoberlinia + +’ (Mosaic # 25), ‘ Sudanian woodland with abundant + +Isoberlinia + +’ (Mosaic # 27), ‘ undifferentiated woodland (Sudanian and North Zambezian) ’ (Mosaic # 29 a, c )) ( +White 1983 +) (Fig. +10 +) belonging to the Congolian, Sudanian and Zambezian bioregions (sensu +Linder et al. 2012 +). We never found this species in Eastern Africa despite the collection of hundreds of + +Sesamia + +specimens belonging to the + +S. epunctifera + +species complex (made of + +S. epunctifera + +, + +S. kamba + + +sp. nov. + +and + +S. poephaga + +). + + + + +Ecology. + + +This species is an occasional minor pest of maize and sorghum and sugarcane ( +Tams and Bowden 1953 +; +Ratnadass and Djimadoumngar 2002 +; +Mathieu et al. 2006 +). According to +Ratnadass and Djimadoumngar (2002) +and +Mathieu et al. (2006) +, this species inhabits the savannahs of West and Central Africa. On one occasion, +two specimens +were light-trapped by us in a dry Nyombo forested area in +Zambia +, which confirms that this is a species that inhabits relatively dry habitats. + + + + +Remarks. + + +Morphological and molecular results indicate that + +S. poephaga + +is closely related to + +S. epunctifera + +and + +S. kamba + + +sp. nov. + +. When +Tams and Bowden (1953) +described + +S. poephaga + +, they designated a female +allotype +from +Tanzania +and +17 paratypes +(all females except +one male +from +Kenya +). Tams and Bowden considered that + +S. poephaga + +was a widespread species, as the +paratypes +come from Eastern Africa ( +Kenya +and +Uganda +), Southern Africa ( +Malawi +and +Zimbabwe +), Western Africa ( +Ghana +, +Ivory Coast +, +Nigeria +and +Togo +) and the +Comoro Islands +. The genitalia of the female +allotype +([ +Tanzania +], Tanganyika, Chunya District, Chunya, +2650 ft. +, 1926, Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1239, G. Swynnerton [Leg.], [ + +NHM + +]), designated by +Tams and Bowden (1953) +clearly does not belong to a female of + +S. poephaga + +but to an unknown species of the + +cretica + +species group, morphologically close to + +S. albivena +Hampson. On + +the other hand, the female +paratype +from +Nigeria +, Anambara Creek, Agrotidae genitalia slide No. 1408, [ + +NHM + +] clearly belongs to the species + +S. poephaga + +. Without the possibility of dissecting the genitalia and taking into account the results of our extensive collections in Central, Eastern, Southern and Western Africa (several hundred specimens collected from more than 15 countries), specimens from Eastern Africa should belong to + +S. kamba + + +sp. nov. + +, and those from Southern Africa should belong either to the + +S. pennipuncta + +species complex (made of + +S. lalaci + + +sp. nov. + +, + +S. lusese + + +sp. nov. + +, + +S. msowero + + +sp. nov. + +and + +S. pennipuncta + +) or to the + +S. epunctifera + +species complex. The single specimen from the +Comoro Islands +seems to belong to a distinct species. In Western Africa the species is obtained from maize and sorghum on which it is an occasional pest in the southern part of the savannah zone; there are no records from wild host plants. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FC/1E/16FC1ECA1FFAFE02B34DC822D718BBCF.xml b/data/16/FC/1E/16FC1ECA1FFAFE02B34DC822D718BBCF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..6fe1d2480ac --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FC/1E/16FC1ECA1FFAFE02B34DC822D718BBCF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +An annotated checklist of the Chilopoda and Diplopoda (Myriapoda) of the Abrau Peninsula, northwestern Caucasus, Russia + + + +Author + +Korobushkin, Daniil I. + + + +Author + +Semenyuk, Irina I. + + + +Author + +Tuf, Ivan H. + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7308 +7308 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7308 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7308 +1314-2828-4-7308 + + + + +Brachydesmus furcatus Lohmander, 1936 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +IIS; Sampling: Hand +; individualCount: +4 +; Location: country: +Russia +; stateProvince: Krasnodar; locality: +{16} +; verbatimCoordinates: +44°44'27''N +, +37°29'53'' E +; 295; Event: eventDate: +06/2011 + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: recordedBy: +IIS; Sampling: Hand +; individualCount: +2 +; Location: country: +Russia +; stateProvince: Krasnodar; locality: +{17} +; verbatimCoordinates: +44°43'46''N +, +37°29'13'' E +; 116; Event: eventDate: +06/2011 + + + + +Notes + +B. furcatus +was described in the Northern Caucasus ( +Lohmander 1936 +), but the exact range of the species remains unknown. In the studied region, it occurs in broad-leaf ( +T. begoniifolia +and +F. orientalis +) forests, mainly in the upper soil and the compressed FH layers. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FC/59/16FC594FB6945E40804DC04E3F5BFEAD.xml b/data/16/FC/59/16FC594FB6945E40804DC04E3F5BFEAD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..14fb2919f87 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FC/59/16FC594FB6945E40804DC04E3F5BFEAD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ + + + +Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta) + + + +Author + +Bouchard, Patrice + + + +Author + +Bousquet, Yves + + + +Author + +Davies, Anthony E. + + + +Author + +Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A. + + + +Author + +Lawrence, John F. + + + +Author + +Lyal, Chris H. C. + + + +Author + +Newton, Alfred F. + + + +Author + +Reid, Chris A. M. + + + +Author + +Schmitt, Michael + + + +Author + +Ślipinski, S. Adam + + + +Author + +Smith, Andrew B. T. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2011 + +88 + + +1 +972 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807 +1313-2970-88-1 + + + + +Subtribe +Thomassetiina Bellamy, 1987 + + + + +Thomassetiini +Bellamy, 1987: 223 [stem: Thomasseti-]. Type genus: +Thomassetia +Thery +, 1928. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FD/06/16FD06D647E15F3E8E2BD20E5A7E3BBC.xml b/data/16/FD/06/16FD06D647E15F3E8E2BD20E5A7E3BBC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4e4a6315a44 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FD/06/16FD06D647E15F3E8E2BD20E5A7E3BBC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,166 @@ + + + +Novel taxa and species diversity of Cordyceps sensu lato (Hypocreales, Ascomycota) developing on wireworms (Elateroidea and Tenebrionoidea, Coleoptera) + + + +Author + +Zha, Ling-Sheng +https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4935-0725 +School of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, P. R. China & School of Sciences, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand + + + +Author + +Kryukov, Vadim Yu +Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze str., 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia + + + +Author + +Ding, Jian-Hua +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-9847 +School of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, P. R. China + + + +Author + +Jeewon, Rajesh +https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-957X +Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit 80837, Mauritius + + + +Author + +Chomnunti, Putarak +School of Sciences, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand & Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand +putarak.cho@mfu.ac.th + +text + + +MycoKeys + + +2021 + +2021-03-29 + + +78 + + +79 +117 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.78.61836 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.78.61836 +1314-4049-78-79 +A7805105FFAF5D3EA781AE792370B9B9 + + + + +Ophiocordyceps variabilis (Petch) G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora + + + + +Cordyceps variabilis +≡ +Cordyceps variabilis +Petch + + +Cordyceps viperina += +Cordyceps viperina +Mains + + + +Hosts. + +Xylophagidae +larvae ( +Diptera +) ( +Hodge et al. 1998 +; +Yaroslavtseva et al. 2019 +). + + + +Known distribution. + +China (Shaanxi),Europe, Russia (Far East, Western Siberia), North America ( +Petch 1937 +; +Liang 2007 +; +Hodge et al. 1998 +; +Yaroslavtseva et al. 2019 +). + + + +Notes. + +In early literature, + +O. variabilis + +was recorded on +Coleoptera +(e.g. +Elateridae +) and +Diptera +larvae in rotten wood ( +Petch 1937 +; +Mains 1958 +; +Liang 2007 +). +Hodge et al. (1998) +checked many samples and confirmed the hosts to be +Xylophagidae +larvae ( +Diptera +). More than 40 samples of + +O. variabilis + +were collected in Russia (Far East, Western Siberia) and all of them developed on +Xylophagidae +larvae ( +Yaroslavtseva et al. 2019 +; Kryukov et al., unpublished). Ecological habits and morphology of +Xylophagidae +larvae and wireworms are closely similar, but their last abdominal segments are distinctly different. As with + +O. ferruginosa + +listed above, we conclude that + +O. variabilis + +is not a pathogen of wireworms. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FD/A7/16FDA75814A546E2F5E42C415C53FE5E.xml b/data/16/FD/A7/16FDA75814A546E2F5E42C415C53FE5E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ba6fe87f140 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FD/A7/16FDA75814A546E2F5E42C415C53FE5E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ + + + +Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis + + + +Author + +Linnaeus, Carolus + +text + +1758 +Laurentius Salvius + +Stockholm + + + +https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf + +book +2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975 +https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 +3922206 + + + + +Chaetodon capistratus +[ +spec. nov. +] + + + +C. spinis pinnae dorsalis 12, corpore striato, ocello subcaudali. + +Mus. Ad. Fr. +1. +p. +63. +t. +33. +f. +4. Chaetodon pallidus, fascia capitis ocelloque subcaudali fuscis. @/D. {12/32}. P. 14. V. 1/6. A. {3/21}. C. 18. + + +Gron. mus. +2. +n. +195. Chaet. macrolepidotus, linea nigra ad oculos, macula rotunda ad pinnam dorsalem. @/D. {12/30}. P. - - V. 1/5. A. {2/18}. C. - - + + +Amoen. acad. +1. +p. +314. Labrus rostro reflexo, ocello +purpureo +iride alba juxta caudam. @/D. {13/31}. P. 14. V 1/6. A. {3/17}. C. - - + + + + +Habitat in +Indiis. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FD/C3/16FDC3C76B720A922FBA5FFA00546CAE.xml b/data/16/FD/C3/16FDC3C76B720A922FBA5FFA00546CAE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..fa7126ad30f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FD/C3/16FDC3C76B720A922FBA5FFA00546CAE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,665 @@ + + + +Aspilota-group (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) diversity in Mediterranean Natural Parks of Spain + + + +Author + +Peris-Felipo, Francisco Javier + + + +Author + +Belokobylskij, Sergey A + + + +Author + +Falco-Gari, Jose Vicente + + + +Author + +Jimenez-Peydro, Ricardo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1112 +1112 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1112 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1112 +1314-2828-2-1112 + + + + +Aspilota procreata Fischer, 1976 + + + +Materials + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-05-04 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +2 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-05-18 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-05-25 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +3 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-06-01 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +2 +; sex: +males +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-06-01 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-06-08 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-06-15 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-06-22 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2004-12-14 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2005-03-04 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2005-03-23 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2005-04-26 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2005-12-12 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2006-05-01 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +2 +; sex: +females +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2006-06-06 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2006-06-26 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-03-20 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-04-03 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-04-16 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-05-01 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +2 +; sex: +females +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-05-08 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +male +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-05-08 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +1 +; sex: +female +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-05-15 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +3 +; sex: +males +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-05-15 +; Record Level: institutionCode: +ENV + + + + +Type status: +Other material +. Occurrence: individualCount: +2 +; sex: +females +; Location: country: +Spain +; stateProvince: Alicante; locality: +Torrevieja, Natural Park of Lagunas de La Mata-Torrevieja +; verbatimElevation: 6 m; verbatimLatitude: +38°01'49''N +; verbatimLongitude: +000°42'00''E +; Identification: identifiedBy: F. J. Peris-Felipo; Event: samplingProtocol: +Malaise trap +; eventDate: +2007-05-29 + + + + +Distribution +Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary and Spain (new record). + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FD/FF/16FDFFF01988C35312CCBE4DE7AD965A.xml b/data/16/FD/FF/16FDFFF01988C35312CCBE4DE7AD965A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..45a009f5045 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FD/FF/16FDFFF01988C35312CCBE4DE7AD965A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ + + + +Order Carnivora + + + +Author + +Wilson, Don E. + + + +Author + +Reeder, DeeAnn + +text + + +2005 +The Johns Hopkins University Press + +Baltimore + + + +Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 1 + + + +532 +628 + + + +book chapter +0-8018-8221-4 +10.5281/zenodo.7316519 + + + + + +Gulo gulo +(Linnaeus 1758) + + + + + + + +[Mustela] gulo +Linnaeus 1758 + +, +Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 45 + +. + + + + +Type Locality: + +"alpibus Lapponiæ, Ruffiae, Sibiriae, sylvis vastissimis", restricted by + +Thomas (1911 +a +) + +to "Lapland" + +. + + + + +Vernacular Names: +Wolverine +. + + + + +Subspecies: +: + + +Subspecies + +Gulo gulo +subsp. +gulo +Linnaeus 1758 + + + +Subspecies + +Gulo gulo +subsp. +albus +(Kerr 1702) + + + +Subspecies + +Gulo gulo +subsp. +katschemakensis +Matschie 1918 + + + +Subspecies + +Gulo gulo +subsp. +luscus +Linnaeus 1758 + + + +Subspecies + +Gulo gulo +subsp. +luteus +Elliot 1904 + + + +Subspecies + +Gulo gulo +subsp. +vancouverensis +Goldman 1935 + + + + + +Distribution: +Canada +, +China +(Heilongiang, +Xinjiang +, +Inner Mongolia +), +Finland +, +Mongolia +, +Norway +, +Russia +, +Sweden +, +USA +( +Alaska +, +Wyoming +, +Idaho +, +Montana +). + + + + +Conservation: +IUCN +– Vulnerable. + + + + +Discussion: +Degerbøl (1935) and Kurtén and Rausch (1959) demonstrated that + +gulo + +and + +luscus + +are conspecific. Reviewed by Pasitschniak-Arts and Larivière (1995). Synonyms allocated according to +Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951) +and Pasitschniak-Arts and Larivière (1995). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FE/56/16FE56C61A8698F3A016BB267AF9D0B6.xml b/data/16/FE/56/16FE56C61A8698F3A016BB267AF9D0B6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2c6a9303556 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FE/56/16FE56C61A8698F3A016BB267AF9D0B6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ + + + +Larval food plants of Australian Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) - a review of available data + + + +Author + +Schmidt, Olga + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2016 + +4 + + +7938 +7938 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7938 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7938 +1314-2828--7938 + + + + +"Chloroclystis" insigillata (Walker, 1863) + + + +Ecological interactions + +Feeds on + +Bertya +sp. ( +Euphorbiaceae +) + + + + +Notes + +Common 1990 +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FE/67/16FE67115B099BC295E61997EAFBDA7F.xml b/data/16/FE/67/16FE67115B099BC295E61997EAFBDA7F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4005f0c6f25 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FE/67/16FE67115B099BC295E61997EAFBDA7F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,149 @@ + + + +A new species of Cyphomyia Wiedemann from the Dominican Republic with a key to Caribbean species of the genus (Diptera, Stratiomyidae, Clitellariinae) + + + +Author + +Woodley, Norman E. + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2014 + +453 + + +111 +119 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8623 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.453.8623 +1313-2970-453-111 +CF46C00835444340B9D2D6C90238E7D1 +CF46C00835444340B9D2D6C90238E7D1 + + + +Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Stratiomyidae + + + +Cyphomyia baoruco Woodley +sp. n. +Figs 1-6 + + + +Diagnosis. + +Cyphomyia baoruco +can be separated from all other Caribbean species of +Cyphomyia +by its bluish black body, the abdomen without silvery pilose spots dorsally, and its darkly infuscated wings. The male (female unknown) can be separated from New World mainland species by its eyes that have very long pilosity that appears slightly crinkly. Mainland species with pilose eyes generally have hairs that are shorter and denser, and none have crinkly pilosity. + + + +Description. + +Male. (Figs 1-2). +Head +: Black, frontal triangle vaguely more brownish; eyes large, holoptic on upper frons, ommatidia nearly uniform in size without abrupt transition, with moderately dense, black pilosity that is about the length of scape and slightly crinkly (Figs 3-4); face very slightly convex, evenly receding to oral margin; postocular orbit, only narrowly visible in lower half in profile; head largely devoid of tomentum, present only along lower part of postocular orbit and extremely narrow strip along eye margin on gena, face, and frons, where it is grayish; head with very long pilosity, about length of scape+pedicel, of moderate density, black on ocellar triangle, face, and gena, with some whitish hairs intermixed on lower part of face and entirely whitish on lower gena and postgena; antenna (Fig. 4) black, 1.71 times length of head, gradually tapering from base to apex, ratio of segments 19:9:91[16:10:7:6:8:10:12:22], last flagellomere acuminate, scape and pedicel very densely set with bushy black pilosity, some hairs almost as long as scape+pedicel, flagellum velvety tomentose, a few short hairs present on apical flagellomere; palpus black, small, two-segmented (mostly obscured by labellum); proboscis dark yellowish, brownish laterally on labellum. + + + +Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of +Cyphomyia baoruco +Woodley, sp. n.. + + + + +Figures 2-4. Photographic images of the holotype male of +Cyphomyia baoruco +Woodley, sp. n. 2 Dorsal habitus 3 Head and thorax, left lateral view 4 Anterior part of head and antenna, left lateral view. + + + +Thorax +: Black, vaguely browner under wing base, postpronotal lobe, lateral part of postalar callus, and scutellar spines brownish yellow; scutellum with spines a little longer than scutellum, almost in same plane as scutellum, curving very slightly upward; prosternum and medial part of laterotergite with yellowish white tomentum, small areas on meron with sparser, inconspicuous tomentum; pilosity of thorax primarily silvery white, partly semi-appressed on scutum where it forms a narrow medial vitta that decreases in width posteriorly so that it is only a few hairs wide near scutellum, and sublateral patches forming wider, more poorly developed vittae anterior to transverse suture; other areas of scutum with semi-appressed dark hairs, and both scutum and scutellum including spines with very long, erect, slightly wavy black hairs (Fig. 3); central part of anepisternum, most of meron, and medial part of subscutellum bare and shiny; legs dark brown to brownish black, front and middle tarsi with basal two tarsomeres paler, dark yellowish; legs mostly pilose, a mixture of pale and dark hairs, mostly short and semi-appressed, longer erect hairs present on posterior and ventral surfaces of front and middle femora, most of hind femur, and posterior surfaces of front and middle tibiae; wing with dark brown infuscation over entire surface that gradually gets paler posteriorly, entirely set with microtrichia except for strip along anterior portion of cell cup and most of alula; halter with stem yellowish, knob brown. + + +Abdomen +: Dark brownish with slight bronzy reflections, subshiny on tergites 1 and 2 and basal part of tergite 3, remainder black with distinct metallic blue reflections, shiny; sternite 1 brown, uniformly set with brownish tomentum, 2-5 black with metallic blue reflections, shiny, segments beyond 5 brownish; tergites with dark, semi-appressed pilosity, with longer erect hairs laterally, some of which are whitish on basal two tergites, becoming progressively shorter posteriorly; first two sternites with erect, whitish hairs medially, otherwise sternites with short, semi-appressed pilosity. + +Male terminalia: With gonocoxites (Fig. 6) slightly longer than wide with lateral triangular processes covering gonostylar articulation, gonocoxal apodemes extending anteriorly beyond anterior margin of genital capsule; hypandrium completely fused, posterior portion of ventral bridge grooved medially, sharply bilobed; gonostylus with weakly developed rounded process posterolaterally, dorsal edge sharp, slightly produced; phallic complex complicatedly fused with gonocoxites, apparently trifid, medial lobe sharply pointed, apparent lateral lobes longer than medial lobe, flattened and with medial curvature posteriorly; epandrium (Fig. 5) simple, more or less quadrate, a little longer than wide, posterior margin evenly rounded; cercus short, slightly widened and rounded posteriorly. + + +Figures 5-6. Male terminalia of +Cyphomyia baoruco +Woodley, sp. n. 5 Epandrium and postgenital segments, dorsal view 6 Genital capsule and phallic complex, dorsal view. + + +Measurements: Length exclusive of antennae, 9.1 mm; antennal length, 2.5 mm; wing length, 9.5 mm. +Female. Unknown. + + +Distribution. +Known only from the Dominican Republic on the island of Hispaniola. + + +Type material. + +Holotype male (USNM), DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Pedernales Province, Parque Nacional Sierra de Baoruco, Las Abejas, +18°09.011'N +, +71°37.342'W +, +1150 +meters, 17 July 2006, N.E. Woodley. A Smithsonian Institution barcode label is attached to the specimen: USNMENT 01028720. The holotype is in excellent condition. + + + +Etymology. +The species epithet, baoruco, is a noun in apposition from the name of the mountain range, Sierra de Baoruco, where the holotype specimen was collected. + + +Remarks. + +As noted in the introduction, this species differs from all other Caribbean species of +Cyphomyia +in general appearance. It looks more like many Central and South American species that have a dark bluish black body and dark brown wings. The females of these mainland species often have a bright yellow head, and it will be interesting to see if the female of +Cyphomyia baoruco +also has this feature when it is discovered. + + +The type locality of +Cyphomyia baoruco +, Las Abejas, is at the southwestern end of the Sierra de Baoruco range, which is more or less continuous with the Massif de la Selle in eastern Haiti. The habitat at this site is classified as premontane wet forest ( +Fisher-Meerow and Judd 1989 +), an epiphyte-rich diverse hardwood forest which occurs in a thin strip along the southern part of the mountain range mostly between 1100-1200 meters. Las Abejas has been a fairly well-known collecting site since at least the early 1980s, and has produced some remarkable new species (e.g., +Woodley 1993 +, +Konstantinov and Chamorro-Lacayo 2006 +). This habitat in this region is critically endangered ( + +Leon +et al. 2013 + +). Even though this habitat type is now largely within Parque Nacional Sierra de Baoruco, it has suffered extensive deforestation primarily for subsistence farming, and this is probably more intense at its western end near Haiti. I first visited Las Abejas in 1984 and last in 2006 and the extent of deforestation at the site during that time span was significant. + + +I have composed a key to the described species of +Cyphomyia +found on Caribbean islands that is provided below. It should be noted, however, that due to the paucity of collecting on many islands in the region, it is likely that additional undescribed species will be found. After the key a few brief notes on the included species are given. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FF/00/16FF00A3B34B1C7FA675D1833585C72D.xml b/data/16/FF/00/16FF00A3B34B1C7FA675D1833585C72D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2964db1c26f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FF/00/16FF00A3B34B1C7FA675D1833585C72D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ + + + +Flora Helvetica - Fabaceae + + + +Author + +Konrad Lauber + + + +Author + +Gerhart Wagner + + + +Author + +Andreas Gygax + +text + + +2018 +Haupt Verlag + +Bern + + + +Flora Helvetica + + + +37 +400 + + + +book chapter +978-3-258-08047-5 + + + + + +Laburnum alpinum +(Mill.) Bercht. & J. Presl + + + + + +Artbeschreibung: +Aehnlich +wie + +L. anagyroides + +, aber junge Zweige und +Blaetter +, +Bluetenstiele +und Kelch +kahl oder abstehend behaart +, Krone nur +1,4-1,8 cm +lang, +Frucht kahl +, nur +2-5 cm +lang, am oberen Rand bis +2 mm +breit +gefluegelt +. + + + + +Bluetezeit +: 5-7 + + +Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: +Bergwaelder +/ kollin-montan(-subalpin) / JS, MW, ANW, VS, TI, GR (Bergell, Puschlav), vereinzelt BO (Brienzersee) + + + + +Verbreitung global: Mittel- und +suedosteuropaeisch + + + + +Oekologische +Zeigerwerte nach +Landolt & al. (2010) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Bodenfaktoren + +Klimafaktoren + +Salztoleranz +
Feuchtezahl F +maessig +feucht +Lichtzahl LhalbschattigSalzzeichen--
Reaktionszahl Rschwach sauer bis neutral (pH 4.5-7.5)Temperaturzahl T +kollin ( +Laubmischwaelder +mit Eichen) +
+Naehrstoffzahl +N + +maessig +naehrstoffarm +bis +maessig +naehrstoffreich + +Kontinentalitaetszahl +K + +subozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, +maessige +Temperaturschwankungen und +maessig +tiefe Wintertemperaturen) +
+ + + + +Volksname Deutscher Name: +Alpen-Goldregen +Nom +francais +: +Aubour des Alpes +Nome italiano: +Maggiociondolo di montagna + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FF/40/16FF40764BDC5CEBE7A90B89DAE2749E.xml b/data/16/FF/40/16FF40764BDC5CEBE7A90B89DAE2749E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2b589a9aec7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FF/40/16FF40764BDC5CEBE7A90B89DAE2749E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Brazilian Trichoptera Checklist II + + + +Author + +Paprocki, Henrique + + + +Author + +Franca, Diogo + +text + + +Biodiversity Data Journal + + +2014 + +2 + + +1557 +1557 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 + +journal article +http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1557 +1314-2828--1557 + + + + +Chimarra (Chimarrita) chela Blahnik, 1997 + + + +Distribution +Amazonas + + +Notes + +Blahnik 1997 +, +Santos and Nessimian 2009d + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/16/FF/BE/16FFBE6CD82B6A0092623C8AF5856B08.xml b/data/16/FF/BE/16FFBE6CD82B6A0092623C8AF5856B08.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2157ba96171 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/16/FF/BE/16FFBE6CD82B6A0092623C8AF5856B08.xml @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + + + +Two new glyptosternine catfishes (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Vietnam and China. + + + +Author + +Heok Hee Ng + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2004 + +428 + + +1 +12 + + + + +http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BFEF4C79-EDC0-4FED-BF8F-E3320FA684EB + +journal article +z00428p001 + + + + +Pareuchiloglanis anteanalis +: + + + + + + +BMNH +1969.4.15.93 + +(1), 154.6 mm SL; +China +: +Sichuan province +, +Shiba +. + +Additional data from Fang et al. (1984). + + + + \ No newline at end of file