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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62b6d215-f763-403e-8931-b2f25666d5ab" ID-PMC="PMC4714362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-548-1" ID-PubMed="26798322" ID-ZBK="D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-548-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 548" ModsDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" checkinTime="1451243596421" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paukkunen, Juho, Berg, Alexander, Soon, Villu, Odegaard, Frode &amp; Rosa, Paolo" docDate="2015" docId="16450E670F62ABDDD9E0A490AA234894" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 548: 1-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 548" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164" docTitle="Parnopes grandior Pallas 1771" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="F34E322C6E3DFFFDFFB9090AFFD3FFAC" masterDocTitle="An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="90" updateTime="1668162373669" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>An illustrated key to the cuckoo wasps (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) of the Nordic and Baltic countries, with description of a new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Paukkunen, Juho</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Berg, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Soon, Villu</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Odegaard, Frode</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rosa, Paolo</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>548</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>116</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.548.6164</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-548-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">D5D7B51E5AC6460D9B3C7584E46F9B3F</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853015" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:16450E670F62ABDDD9E0A490AA234894" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/16450E670F62ABDDD9E0A490AA234894" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Chrysididae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="89" pageNumber="90" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName authority="Pallas, 1771" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1771" class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Parnopes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parnopes grandior" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandior">Parnopes grandior (Pallas, 1771)</taxonomicName>
Fig. 209
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis grandior" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandior">
<pageBreakToken pageId="90" pageNumber="91" start="start">Chrysis</pageBreakToken>
grandior
</taxonomicName>
Pallas, 1771: 474.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Parnopes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parnopes grandior" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandior">Parnopes grandior</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Mocsary, A" journalOrPublisher="Budapest, Academia Hungarica Scientarum" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" title="Chrysididae Faunae Hungaricae." year="1882">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mocsáry">Mocsary</normalizedToken>
1882
</bibRefCitation>
: 74.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Length 8-12 mm. The species is easy to differentiate from other North European cuckoo wasps by its unique structure and colouration. The head, mesosoma and most of T1 are green or green-blue, with golden or coppery reflections, especially in the female. The metasoma behind T1, tegulae and tibiae are usually non-metallic red (Fig. 209). Sometimes also T2, T3 (and T4) have a metallic sheen laterally or even dorsally. The female has three and the male four external tergites, and the posterior margin of the last tergite is irregularly dentate (Fig. 209). The mouthparts are longer than the rest of the head, and the tegulae are large covering the wing bases (Fig. 209).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
Lithuania. Very rare. The species has been recorded from five localities in southern Lithuania (
<bibRefCitation author="Orlovskytė, S" journalOrPublisher="New and rare for Lithuania insect species" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="141 - 156" title="Check-list of cuckoo-wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) of Lithuania." volume="22" year="2010">Orlovskytė et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
). - West Palearctic: from Europe and northern Africa to Yemen and southwestern Asia (
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Veroeffentlichungen aus dem Natur-Museum Luzern" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 139" title="Die Goldwespen der Schweiz." volume="9" year="1997">Linsenmaier 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Entomofauna, Supplement" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 281" title="Die Goldwespen Nordafrikas (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae)." volume="10" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="biology">
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
Habitat: xerothermic sparsely vegetated sandy areas. Adults often visit flowers of several different families (
<bibRefCitation author="Bischoff, H" editor="Schulze, P" journalOrPublisher="Berlin" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="75 - 83" title="Biologie der Tiere Deutschlands" year="1923">Bischoff 1923</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Trautmann, W" journalOrPublisher="Uschman, Weimar" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" title="Die Goldwespen Europas." year="1927">Trautmann 1927</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Molitor, A" journalOrPublisher="Konovia" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 7" title="Notizen betreffend Vorkommen, Oekologie und Phaenologie der Chrysididen Niederoesterreichs und des Burgenlandes." volume="14" year="1935">Molitor 1935</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Schneid, T" journalOrPublisher="Bericht der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bamberg" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" pagination="29 - 46" title="Die Wegwespen (Pompilidae) und Goldwespen (Chrysididae) der Umgebung Bambergs." volume="34" year="1954">Schneid 1954</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Veroeffentlichungen aus dem Natur-Museum Luzern" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 139" title="Die Goldwespen der Schweiz." volume="9" year="1997">Linsenmaier 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Rosa, P" journalOrPublisher="Giornale Italiano di Entomologia" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="79 - 90" title="Alcune osservazioni sulle relazioni tra Vegetazione e Crisidi (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae) in Italia." volume="11" year="2004">Rosa 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Flight period: July to August. Host:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembix rostrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">Bembix rostrata</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus) (
<taxonomicName family="Crabronidae" lsidName="" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="family">Crabronidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Gauss, R" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen des Badischen Landesvereins fuer Naturkunde und Naturschutz, Neue Folge" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="529 - 587" title="Verzeichnis der im badischen Gebiet bekanntgewordenen aculeaten Hautfluegler und Goldwespen (Hymenoptera) sowie von stylopisierten Arten." volume="9" year="1967">Gauss 1967</bibRefCitation>
), in southern Europe also other species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Bembix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bembix" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bembix</taxonomicName>
Fabricius (
<bibRefCitation author="Linsenmaier, W" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 144" title="Revision der Familie Chrysididae (Hymenoptera), Zweiter Nachtrag." volume="41" year="1968">Linsenmaier 1968</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Kunz, PX" journalOrPublisher="Beihefte zu den Veroeffentlichungen fuer Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Wuerttemberg" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 188" title="Die Goldwespen (Chrysididae) Baden-Wuerttembergs. Taxonomie, Bestimmung, Verbreitung, Kartierung und Oekologie. - Mit einem Bestimmungsschluessel fuer die deutschen Arten." volume="77" year="1994">Kunz 1994</bibRefCitation>
). The larva does not consume the host larva until it is fully grown (
<bibRefCitation author="Malyshev, SJ" journalOrPublisher="Ltd., London" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" title="Genesis of the Hymenoptera and the phases of their evolution. Methuen &amp; Co." year="1968">Malyshev 1968</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
Figure 209.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Parnopes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parnopes grandior" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandior">Parnopes grandior</taxonomicName>
♂. Scale 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Table 3. Distribution of chrysidid species in the Nordic and Baltic countries. DK = Denmark, EE = Estonia, FI = Finland, LV = Latvia, LT = Lithuania, NO = Norway, SE = Sweden. 1 = recorded before 2000, 2 = recorded from 2000 onwards.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<table pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">Species</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">DK</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">EE</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">FI</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">LV</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">LT</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">NO</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">SE</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ormyridae" genus="Cleptes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleptes nitidulus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nitidulus">Cleptes nitidulus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ormyridae" genus="Cleptes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleptes semicyaneus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semicyaneus">Cleptes semicyaneus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ormyridae" genus="Cleptes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cleptes semiauratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiauratus">Cleptes semiauratus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hymenoptera" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omalus biaccinctus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biaccinctus">Omalus biaccinctus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hymenoptera" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omalus aeneus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">Omalus aeneus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hymenoptera" genus="Omalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omalus puncticollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puncticollis">Omalus puncticollis</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Pseudomalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomalus pusillus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">Pseudomalus pusillus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Pseudomalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomalus auratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auratus">Pseudomalus auratus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Pseudomalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomalus triangulifer" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulifer">Pseudomalus triangulifer</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Pseudomalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudomalus violaceus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="violaceus">Pseudomalus violaceus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Philoctetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philoctetes truncatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncatus">Philoctetes truncatus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Elampus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elampus constrictus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="constrictus">Elampus constrictus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Elampus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elampus foveatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foveatus">Elampus foveatus</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Elampus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elampus panzeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panzeri">Elampus panzeri</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Holopyga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holopyga fervida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fervida">Holopyga fervida</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Holopyga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holopyga metallica" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="metallica">Holopyga metallica</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Holopyga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holopyga generosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="generosa">Holopyga generosa</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Holopyga" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Holopyga inflammata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflammata">Holopyga inflammata</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychrum gerstaeckeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gerstaeckeri">Hedychrum gerstaeckeri</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychrum rutilans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rutilans">Hedychrum rutilans</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychrum nobile" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nobile">Hedychrum nobile</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychrum niemelai" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="niemelai">Hedychrum niemelai</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychrum chalybaeum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalybaeum">Hedychrum chalybaeum</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium zelleri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zelleri">Hedychridium zelleri</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium ardens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ardens">Hedychridium ardens</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium coriaceum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceum">Hedychridium coriaceum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium cupreum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreum">Hedychridium cupreum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium purpurascens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="purpurascens">Hedychridium purpurascens</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium caputaureum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputaureum">Hedychridium caputaureum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Hedychridium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hedychridium roseum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roseum">Hedychridium roseum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Pseudospinolia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudospinolia neglecta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neglecta">Pseudospinolia neglecta</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Spinolia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Spinolia unicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">Spinolia unicolor</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis gracillima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillima">Chrysis gracillima</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis bicolor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">Chrysis bicolor</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis westerlundi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westerlundi">Chrysis westerlundi</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis illigeri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="illigeri">Chrysis illigeri</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis succincta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="succincta">Chrysis succincta</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis leachii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leachii">Chrysis leachii</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis scutellaris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scutellaris">Chrysis scutellaris</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis splendidula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendidula">Chrysis splendidula</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis rutilans" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rutilans">Chrysis rutilans</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis pulcherrima" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcherrima">Chrysis pulcherrima</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis viridula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridula">Chrysis viridula</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis graelsii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="graelsii">Chrysis graelsii</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis indigotea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indigotea">Chrysis indigotea</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis fulgida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgida">Chrysis fulgida</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis iris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="iris">Chrysis iris</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ruddii" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruddii">Chrysis ruddii</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis corusca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corusca">Chrysis corusca</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis clarinicollis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clarinicollis">Chrysis clarinicollis</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis vanlithi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vanlithi">Chrysis vanlithi</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis subcoriacea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subcoriacea">Chrysis subcoriacea</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis angustula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustula">Chrysis angustula</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis longula" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longula">Chrysis longula</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis brevitarsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevitarsis">Chrysis brevitarsis</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis pseudobrevitarsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudobrevitarsis">Chrysis pseudobrevitarsis</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis mediata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mediata">Chrysis mediata</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis solida" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solida">Chrysis solida</taxonomicName>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis leptomandibularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leptomandibularis">Chrysis leptomandibularis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis schencki" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schencki">Chrysis schencki</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis ignita" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignita">Chrysis ignita</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis impressa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressa">Chrysis impressa</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis borealis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">Chrysis borealis</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis terminata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminata">Chrysis terminata</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis sexdentata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexdentata">Chrysis sexdentata</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis equestris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="equestris">Chrysis equestris</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Masaridae" genus="Chrysis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysis zetterstedti" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zetterstedti">Chrysis zetterstedti</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Trichrysis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichrysis cyanea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanea">Trichrysis cyanea</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysura austriaca" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="austriaca">Chrysura austriaca</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysura dichroa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dichroa">Chrysura dichroa</taxonomicName>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysura hirsuta" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">Chrysura hirsuta</taxonomicName>
</td>
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<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysura radians" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="radians">Chrysura radians</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Chrysura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysura trimaculata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trimaculata">Chrysura trimaculata</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<td colspan="1" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysididae" genus="Parnopes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parnopes grandior" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandior">Parnopes grandior</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:dateIssued id="1D44CF95DEC7AAF9E1E2739C871B5034">2018</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="60BF2A62689DD54610752683A8095802">Haupt Verlag</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="82C2D651999AA138C2A05AAD0C8C379A">Flora Helvetica</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="FFF4CF7CA5FAE44D2BDDFA3F8FCF6DB9" ID-CoL="3CNSC" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageNumber="456" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exigua">
<emphasis id="20CBF1809D2A36F5CD619EDE973E9E5E" italics="true" pageNumber="448">Euphorbia exigua</emphasis>
L.
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<paragraph id="4BDB0D0EB7D4D86202EB5A69AE41F5D7" pageNumber="448">
Artbeschreibung:
<emphasis id="2D086021329AE87D35500EED204ED9AA" bold="true" pageNumber="448">
<quantity id="C9026AF507E3411AD34DB048A0D58D83" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageNumber="456" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5-20 cm</quantity>
hoch
</emphasis>
, reich verzweigt, kahl.
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<normalizedToken id="1DF15486AF68266DCCEA214FCB04C51A" originalValue="Blätter" pageNumber="456">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
lineal
</emphasis>
,
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lang und
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breit, ganzrandig, stumpf oder kurz stachelspitzig.
<normalizedToken id="1AE049656F0F7272ECFFAC0B3AB61D61" originalValue="Gesamtblütenstand" pageNumber="456">Gesamtbluetenstand</normalizedToken>
doldig, mit 3-5 Strahlen, diese mehrmals gabelig verzweigt.
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<normalizedToken id="3B87AC3937E30F5326F48DADC6C84632" originalValue="Tragblätter" pageNumber="456">Tragblaetter</normalizedToken>
schmal-lanzettlich
</emphasis>
(nur bei dieser Art), nicht verwachsen.
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<normalizedToken id="7D714393F69739E3BC73A403E7A6D686" originalValue="Drüsen" pageNumber="456">Druesen</normalizedToken>
des
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gelb, mit 2
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<normalizedToken id="FF31609ED221ADC1535A2C76E25F33CB" originalValue="Anhängseln" pageNumber="456">Anhaengseln</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
. Frucht glatt,
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lang.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C56C853AA367858B4701E4A4FAE2D315" pageNumber="448" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="AA3120833CB3A056287A1B6715F86B55" pageNumber="448">
<normalizedToken id="F00980FB7DD3F04EA8BBAF9E31533C18" originalValue="Blütezeit" pageNumber="456">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
: 5-10
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9CDA6B9059581C9696909E57EEE3E7F2" pageNumber="448">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz:
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,
<normalizedToken id="28861A70084A22526FEC8522AC45097C" originalValue="Wegränder" pageNumber="456">Wegraender</normalizedToken>
, Bahnareale / kollin-montan / J, M, vereinzelt A
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<paragraph id="F9935C12B9DA29C7A4E039862E3823A2" pageNumber="448">
Verbreitung global:
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mediterran-westasiatisch
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<paragraph id="6FD5DDAE19D7B88CB0B412BFF1412EE4" pageNumber="448">
<normalizedToken id="A3B59995FBB7DA7CF9C7B2A4B34723BA" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="19C50CE19FE333D3A0BF1459783306B9" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="448" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B365FDE52EF73A63B35AE4568D01D39" pageNumber="448">
<table id="FEB99CB60022AF0964A931AA3B9EBAA9" class="table" inLine="true" pageNumber="448">
<tr id="FFF22792E530EF534DEDEC1A00E8FD53" pageNumber="448">
<th id="FC41D1C546AF0719503C5AFC6BBC9621" colspan="2" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="B552FD5B2EE719CA2D666B84C600B30E" bold="true" pageNumber="448">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="0E118635A5C9362B5771DF5621B1AADB" colspan="2" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="9D70B2229C343E25B4B6FB312BA706D2" bold="true" pageNumber="448">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="645D7BA20E3B63540336DAAAFD0C4DC2" colspan="2" pageNumber="448">
<emphasis id="97815A7B25544481307E26F722C754DB" bold="true" pageNumber="448">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="5E31C035F2EE3407F431671E40FFEB81" pageNumber="448">
<td id="6B3C60EC31157B43F27BE5F9A20B875D" pageNumber="448">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="7F894B1BB43603934AFA78CFD16F2E4C" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left;width:100px">
<normalizedToken id="5D55C63232AFB62757E17A6CD337250B" originalValue="mässig">maessig</normalizedToken>
trocken
</td>
<td id="399CC333DE2CA984BFE0479B1CB83BF2" pageNumber="448">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="107FD22B7013A33190681627755DC90E" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left;width:60px">hell</td>
<td id="FBAC78758DA1CEFCB8D4738EB7EA6AD4" pageNumber="448">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="14E580DDA1FF74148990A3E5CE2DB8E9" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="743301551B4CFA796E320E067B1D88D4" pageNumber="448">
<td id="A152B1B69F5D64794C7775C3E0B615ED" pageNumber="448">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="396462E87163DFCC1A72510EF90B5D1F" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left">basisch (pH 6.5-&gt;8.5)</td>
<td id="D2A70B0E3D7198C42A8114BD4D2FCC1A" pageNumber="448">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="BB790D906426164B32D26C0A2DDF03B8" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left">warm-kollin</td>
</tr>
<tr id="ED05A03C2DEFC9974584EC0092E8D5A8" pageNumber="448">
<td id="6D4470BC029628C9C5A5FA548FBFD5C5" pageNumber="448">
<normalizedToken id="F75032CBE12B99AB3D966EC015A0DE97" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="673DF82BDF229FF2E4A24D7EFCDACF8A" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left">
<normalizedToken id="652DC9A8FA2BBA22BC02FFC579C33BE5" originalValue="nährstoffreich">naehrstoffreich</normalizedToken>
</td>
<td id="73B33C8AC940E01B5AE5A1FE8EA13097" pageNumber="448">
<normalizedToken id="42CDACD796DE04426B87F2F66B19D1AF" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="E7A71A4CECA1985ADDC5FF211413013E" pageNumber="448" style="text-align:left">subkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="814E9251642371194BEB2BBE0080547A" pageNumber="448" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="777D02F16D9C35FDA8DDC1AAB4E630DE" pageNumber="448">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="C29DA507ECA4772EC762A4F736D9D446" language="deu" pageNumber="448">Kleine Wolfsmilch</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="51F38E199E1162B8A4B0A06CE0541D69" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="719F2007ADBC8EE0F1CB822923FEDC70" language="fra" pageNumber="448">Euphorbe fluette</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="00918A95D09AE461F6735CEDBA874EB5" language="ita" pageNumber="448">Euforbia sottile</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

133
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<taxonomicName id="59ECAAD4FFCAFFFCD9FDD1FF3261FF63" ID-CoL="624CV" authority="(Retief &amp; A. E. van Wyk) Weigend &amp; Hilger" authorityName="Weigend &amp; Hilger" baseAuthorityName="Retief &amp; A. E. van Wyk" box="[151,838,227,253]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Codonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Codonaceae (Retief &amp; A.E.van Wyk) Weigend &amp; Hilger</taxonomicName>
,
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Basionym:
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subfam.
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. —
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:
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<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCDDF0D01635C6FEBF" box="[1178,1249,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Codon</emphasis>
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L., generic
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species:
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<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCD848D036309DFEDF" box="[290,442,298,321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Codon royenii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FA7DACA6FFCAFFFCD8ADD0363386FEDF" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[455,673,298,321]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refId="ref2943" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, 12 ed., Vol. 2. Stockholm, L. Salvius. 736 pp." type="book" year="1767">Linnaeus 1767: 292</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E53D157FFCAFFFCD9FDD06D31DDFC4C" blockId="1.[151,1436,369,1171]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">
Subperennial or perennial, densely branched, spiny shrublets. Strong taproot present. Stems terete, erect. Indumentum of white spines consisting of 3–12 cystolithic foot cells, stiff, unicellular trichomes and 2–5- celled, uniseriate, gland-tipped trichomes. Leaves alternate, estipulate, entire, petiolate, petioles stiffly curved towards shoot apex and lamina held +/- parallel to shoot axis, lamina (narrowly) ovate with acuminate apex and rounded base, margin entire to coarsely serrate, adaxially densely spiny, abaxially with spines only on the very prominent midvein, venation pinnate with lateral veins ascending. Inflorescence frondose-bracteose, initially scorpioid, later straight monochasia, rarely reduced to a single terminal flower. Flowers erect, with 10–20 perianth elements, actinomorphic, bisexual, hypogynous. Calyx divided nearly to base, calyx lobes unequal in width, narrow and wide calyx lobes alternating, densely spinose and pubescent. Corolla white or yellow, sympetalous, campanulate to saucer-shaped, lobes half-erect to spreading, oblong with rounded apex, inside with 6–10 flap-like protrusions near filament bases. Stamens 6–10, filaments basally pubescent, epipetalous, inserted ca. 1/5
<superScript id="69997C1FFFCAFFFCD88ED20630D6FCB6" attach="left" box="[484,497,794,808]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">th</superScript>
from the base of the tube, incurved and closing the tube near base, then erect, anthers dorsifix, exserted. Ovary bicarpellate, nearly two-locular by deeply intruding placentae, style terminal, divided into two long stigmatic lobes for ca 1/2 of its length. Fruit a dry, bivalved capsule, loculicidal, seeds numerous, ellipsoidal to ovoidal, testa with deeply reticulate epidermis cells. Endosperm copious.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6F682DCFFCAFFFCD9ACD2C3321CFB0D" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="9E53D157FFCAFFFCD9ACD2C3321CFB0D" blockId="1.[151,1436,369,1171]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">
This new family consist only of the genus
<taxonomicName id="59ECAAD4FFCAFFFCDBABD2C33228FC66" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" box="[705,783,991,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Dictyopharidae" genus="Codon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCDBABD2C33228FC66" box="[705,783,991,1016]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Codon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with two species,
<taxonomicName id="59ECAAD4FFCAFFFCDA87D2C334BBFC67" authority="Schinz (1884: 173)" authorityName="Schinz" authorityPageNumber="173" authorityYear="1884" box="[1005,1436,991,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Dictyopharidae" genus="Codon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schenckii">
<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCDA87D2C33596FC66" box="[1005,1201,991,1016]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Codon schenckii</emphasis>
Schinz (1884: 173)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="59ECAAD4FFCAFFFCD9A1D51A3368FB81" authority="Linnaeus (1767: 292)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="292" authorityYear="1767" box="[203,591,1029,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Dictyopharidae" genus="Codon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenii">
<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCD9A1D51A3064FB81" box="[203,323,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">C. royenii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FA7DACA6FFCAFFFCD821D5193368FB81" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[331,591,1029,1055]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refId="ref2943" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, 12 ed., Vol. 2. Stockholm, L. Salvius. 736 pp." type="book" year="1767">Linnaeus (1767: 292)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="E6FB91C7FFCAFFFCDB12D519326DFB81" box="[632,842,1029,1055]" name="Namibia" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Southwest Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="E6FB91C7FFCAFFFCDA31D51935A9FB81" box="[859,1166,1029,1055]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Republic of South Africa</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="E6FB91C7FFCAFFFCDDA1D519341FFB81" box="[1227,1336,1029,1055]" name="Namibia" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Namibia</collectingCountry>
).
<taxonomicName id="59ECAAD4FFCAFFFCDC26D51A31CAFBDB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" class="Insecta" family="Dictyopharidae" genus="Codon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenii">
<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCDC26D51A31CAFBDB" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Codon royenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been typified by
<bibRefCitation id="FA7DACA6FFCAFFFCD891D53033CFFBD8" author="Jarvis, C. E. &amp; Barrie, F. R. &amp; Allan, D. M. &amp; Reveal, J. L." box="[507,744,1068,1094]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 100" refId="ref2895" refString="Jarvis, C. E., Barrie, F. R., Allan, D. M. &amp; Reveal, J. L. (1993) A list of Linnaean generic names and their types. Regnum Vegetabile 127: 1 - 100." type="journal article" year="1993">
Jarvis
<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCDB26D53033ADFBDB" box="[588,650,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
(1993)
</bibRefCitation>
, but for
<taxonomicName id="59ECAAD4FFCAFFFCDA3ED5303507FBDB" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1884" box="[852,1056,1068,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Dictyopharidae" genus="Codon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schenckii">
<emphasis id="AC980D45FFCAFFFCDA3ED5303507FBDB" box="[852,1056,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Codon schenckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
several
<typeStatus id="41576FF5FFCAFFFCDDE0D53035D2FBD8" box="[1162,1269,1068,1094]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
are available (
<bibRefCitation id="FA7DACA6FFCAFFFCD9F5D54E3335FBF2" author="Friedrich-Holzhammer, M." box="[159,530,1106,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refId="ref2746" refString="Friedrich-Holzhammer, M. (1967 b) 118. Hydrophyllaceae. Prodromus einer Flora von Sudwestafrika, Lieferung 13. J. Cramer, Germany. 2 pp." type="book" year="1967">Friedrich-Holzhammer 1967b</bibRefCitation>
). A recent, critical revision of the genus is not available, only the cursory treatment in
<bibRefCitation id="FA7DACA6FFCAFFFCD841D56533BAFB0D" author="Friedrich-Holzhammer, M." box="[299,669,1145,1171]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refId="ref2746" refString="Friedrich-Holzhammer, M. (1967 b) 118. Hydrophyllaceae. Prodromus einer Flora von Sudwestafrika, Lieferung 13. J. Cramer, Germany. 2 pp." type="book" year="1967">Friedrich-Holzhammer (1967b)</bibRefCitation>
for
<collectingCountry id="E6FB91C7FFCAFFFCDBA4D5653210FB0D" box="[718,823,1145,1171]" name="Namibia" pageId="1" pageNumber="27">Namibia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>