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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="291640" ID-GBIF-Dataset="491fb153-8b8d-4650-86d6-bdc41aa9e845" ID-ISBN="978-3-258-08047-5" checkinTime="1706569728075" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner &amp; Andreas Gygax" docDate="2018" docId="A8C8299A72F67A426B7A7CD850908C4F" docLanguage="de" docName="FloraHelv.Polygonaceae.xml" docOrigin="Flora Helvetica, Bern: Haupt Verlag" docTitle="Rumex acetosella subsp. pyrenaicus Akeroyd" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="26D0ABA86F84233A2631810ACDCA552E" lastPageNumber="716" masterDocId="9C77E2969371652BAAF61248D4350AC5" masterDocTitle="Flora Helvetica - Polygonaceae" masterLastPageNumber="716" masterPageNumber="696" pageNumber="716" updateTime="1711166556588" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="76AD1C56C352E2B2839D700F8B007266" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="95FF0988B0D4A0A5D371C6526B3ED1D6">
<mods:title id="0932F7B42FE7DC1A62A753D9C2CB5E76">Flora Helvetica - Polygonaceae</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E1D67B1A3AC88F426F2C4F289AB193FC">Konrad Lauber</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="FB936C1B3F40A051D788A436754F7E86">Gerhart Wagner</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0D7116475E04A8D5B9E2BAE23FB1DE09" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C08D653072F27CBB3FCB3B40EEBD420E">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BFF160809B6C8BEA3851A16BE1EB7BFB">Andreas Gygax</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="222D5E14E016123A2E649C9B4E0D8450">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F4CEA1012EFBC2F96EBF556FDD9B9F71" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="D70930C042364ECAEF8835A024A5EA0D">
<mods:dateIssued id="737333D9F8C5BD39234A5B015B70CDEC">2018</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="3FD618AED83C5DA25CF5900E3F388086">Haupt Verlag</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="5FD80C69735A79DFEE722EEFF96A079D">
<mods:placeTerm id="03FA417BD94350794054BF0C6B3EC90D">Bern</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo id="9A916E8727633513A17838AF55D05849">
<mods:title id="6CB27DBBD636F74BD5AB1D4CF91A4948">Flora Helvetica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CD449BE85F7ED94D7AA1FE65EE754DCC">
<mods:extent id="D4A8B5DC6AA070C532D9A02B3578C755" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BFA4F9C8C239C6082635A055A4674522">696</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="1DEA23BCA333E8CC454660D3C5005B10">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9DC7622C415012140C5E13DBCD25012E" type="ISBN">978-3-258-08047-5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A8C8299A72F67A426B7A7CD850908C4F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10861162" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224055893" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10861162" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A8C8299A72F67A426B7A7CD850908C4F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8C8299A72F67A426B7A7CD850908C4F" lastPageNumber="716" pageNumber="716">
<subSubSection id="15C5A05E85B1CD37C17631E95F81E2F1" pageNumber="716" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CFC95C60209043CAB589372F6C8C8B8B" pageNumber="716">
<taxonomicName id="23F6CB8559A5F6544F7FD08F4B82DEB7" ID-CoL="7XHRR" authority="(Lapeyr.) Akeroyd" authorityName="Akeroyd" baseAuthorityName="Lapeyr." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Rumex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageNumber="706" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="acetosella" subSpecies="pyrenaicus">
<emphasis id="6CC835FE419CCFED0E5AA07AA18AEB2F" italics="true" pageNumber="716">Rumex acetosella</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="F9C8027DAA8AAF266FA0F70CE4EA40E9" italics="true" pageNumber="716">pyrenaicus</emphasis>
(Lapeyr.) Akeroyd
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFD833D6E3C5F01C64D247147D85071D" pageNumber="716" type="description">
<paragraph id="44819A659F1C70AE4294254755FB99F4" pageNumber="716">
Artbeschreibung: Innere
<normalizedToken id="76013AC86C0D8F198389F74083AE0B71" originalValue="Perigonblätter" pageNumber="706">Perigonblaetter</normalizedToken>
schwach nervig. Frucht ca.
<quantity id="D489FAAAA99BAAD79D530606602EECE4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageNumber="706" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
lang,
<emphasis id="F280E2CAE4FB4469FF60A78D5838EC69" bold="true" pageNumber="716">
mit den inneren
<normalizedToken id="9DB0BE451DCB36D41777D278074A2CB4" originalValue="Perigonblättern" pageNumber="706">Perigonblaettern</normalizedToken>
fest verbunden, bei der Reife nicht ausfallend
</emphasis>
(nur bei dieser
<emphasis id="B4F4730D39CB585761D455399329D8E2" italics="true" pageNumber="716">R.</emphasis>
-Art).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="64C4A60CD36C0768A8FB3769ABFEE8F3" pageNumber="716" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7F295E766BEF5D12FF8D44DD23012461" pageNumber="716">
Verbreitung global:
<normalizedToken id="69A27C44E0BD811B954348D43C86EF32" originalValue="Ursprünglich" pageNumber="706">Urspruenglich</normalizedToken>
mediterran
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="04F28B5554113DB9AAE774CA2C3F20DE" pageNumber="716" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="477C45BF78D9B62C094C54D4A397E766" pageNumber="716">
<normalizedToken id="CA76CF23AB66D28ECF29737B70D0895A" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="54F0CB1611C4EA3D71FD7C29E96D6413" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="716" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4FA883A4057B021F6C94123F98ED9D49" pageNumber="716">
<table id="7F8A38B61302AD27E74F6827DA09D317" class="table" inLine="true" pageNumber="716">
<tr id="290DB7D1051FFBB60494269794D46B29" pageNumber="716">
<th id="2D0637F14094B88565CDF50D10D2A413" colspan="2" pageNumber="716">
<emphasis id="3DB39376683E2DFF9DC94F82530FA9C9" bold="true" pageNumber="716">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="3733563862A00833703893315AAD5691" colspan="2" pageNumber="716">
<emphasis id="3CF265D7C98A3CC0274A884BB349F63E" bold="true" pageNumber="716">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="6FFF740655FEEBB15E8FD2D2650D400B" colspan="2" pageNumber="716">
<emphasis id="72F7B881E6F1AC9B9A1188CDB689410F" bold="true" pageNumber="716">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="D69C3FA7EB11A4BA0D64E6DD922B6D16" pageNumber="716">
<td id="058714B9031FE6EBE5C77A76027E33FA" pageNumber="716">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="E8A6914427810AD50191FF30C17769C2" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left;width:100px">--</td>
<td id="495E253A79179C8C3E819B0B487C882A" pageNumber="716">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="E998FDB22A8102856FB01B8C27ED5053" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
<td id="64FE0A5F9C59BBB29B36540DAE569BB8" pageNumber="716">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="3237042EDC19640256CAC3B110A93BBF" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="85F041A8329DC1C0F9E637C556019F65" pageNumber="716">
<td id="6CEC57F554903A6FE33A359642E596F1" pageNumber="716">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="2D7FC1AA142472253E7894EE6114F5A5" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="E41A06C228E584978EC2DACD0A3701D3" pageNumber="716">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="59E12B5EBF993B39C148920C0D189BE2" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="475E7D35095EE034B2D616041E31C511" pageNumber="716">
<td id="90D531D7EE8FD220E26D015FC5AFB70D" pageNumber="716">
<normalizedToken id="F54487D5D016EC888B56C0F89719ADDB" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="8CCCAA185F24C8AE821BB9B0E64C0DAF" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="10BC995B7784CEB736B35E7E49889C6D" pageNumber="716">
<normalizedToken id="1A190C995DC791DF0C0E313FF866B987" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="D31AC187D602526A9E19B8D5D72F6959" pageNumber="716" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AD176EDF0A8A507A2342A6933F32EFB3" pageNumber="716" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="69C46106FF288B93BE1FE2F9E6423C76" pageNumber="716">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="1B8C58EB9574F575FD05FC41D6B6AF53" language="deu" pageNumber="716">
<normalizedToken id="6CD4B4DC7004ECE22107D4381A824411" originalValue="Pyrenäischer">Pyrenaeischer</normalizedToken>
Kleiner Sauerampfer
</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="6420156C7A0BEB701C61BC39509C2B09" language="deu" pageNumber="716">
<normalizedToken id="70BC6372692201559BBE0E5A54970625" originalValue="Hüllfrüchtiger">Huellfruechtiger</normalizedToken>
Sauerampfer
</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="B204C0C7058591094CAA08D8A144F3EB" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="B64E22DB5CA1AC3800B748285513481F" language="fra" pageNumber="716">Petite oseille angiocarpe</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-75" checkinTime="1679617121532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje, Andre, Thiago, Skinner, David, Valderrama, Eugenio &amp; Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2023" docId="A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 75-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" docTitle="Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H. Maas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" masterDocTitle="Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1679617121532" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andre, Thiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-3662</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Botanica, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia (DF), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Skinner, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-925X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Le Jardin Ombrage, Tallahassee, (Private botanical garden, Botanic Gardens Conservation International - BGCI - registration ID 50148), Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Valderrama, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7746-512X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cdspecht@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
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<mods:start>75</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9</mods:identifier>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="taxonomy">
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName LSID="A8C88702-9884-54E3-B7F2-78BEECF5CEC4" authority="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola" status="sp. nov.">Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H.Maas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H. Maas A cultivated plant grown from seeds from the Plowman &amp; Davis 4396 accession now growing at the Utrecht Botanical Gardens, The Netherlands B cultivated plant obtained from the established nursery trade, accession D. Skinner R 2847 C flowers showing spreading labellum with lateral markings and a prominent honey mark D bracts with green and red erect appendages E comparison of leaf plication between (i) C. whiskeycola and (ii) C. erythrophyllus F comparison of ligule and leaf bases of (i) C. whiskeycola and (ii) C. erythrophyllus G comparison of leaf sections showing thicker mesophil layer in (i) C. whiskeycola v. (ii) C. erythrophyllus. Leaf images in C-D taken from plants that were pressed and accessioned as D. Skinner R 3026 (C. Costus whiskeycola sp. nov.) and D. Skinner R 2948 (C. erythrophyllus). Photo A by Lubbert Westra, photos B-F by Dave Skinner." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828359" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">20</figureCitation>
) looks quite similar to
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus erythrophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Loes., sharing many features of inflorescence and flowers, but it is markedly different in their leaves which lack the distinct plication and which have a dark, olive green adaxial surface.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828359" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 20" startId="F20">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
cultivated plant grown from seeds from the
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Plowman &amp; Davis 4396</emphasis>
accession now growing at the Utrecht Botanical Gardens, The Netherlands
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
cultivated plant obtained from the established nursery trade, accession
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D.Skinner R2847</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
flowers showing spreading labellum with lateral markings and a prominent honey mark
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
bracts with green and red erect appendages
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
comparison of leaf plication between (i)
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (ii)
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. erythrophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
comparison of ligule and leaf bases of (i)
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and (ii)
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. erythrophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">G</emphasis>
comparison of leaf sections showing thicker mesophil layer in (i)
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
v. (ii)
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. erythrophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Leaf images in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C-D</emphasis>
taken from plants that were pressed and accessioned as
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D.Skinner R3026</emphasis>
(C.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.) and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D.Skinner R2948</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. erythrophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Photo
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
by Lubbert Westra, photos
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B-F</emphasis>
by Dave Skinner.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1974-11-05" collectorName="Quebrada El Whiskey, Plowman, Davis" country="Colombia" county="Km" elevation="400" location="Quebrada El Whiskey" municipality="Mocoa-Puerto Asis Road" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Putumayo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Putumayo">Putumayo</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty>Km</collectingCounty>
42 of
<collectingMunicipality>Mocoa-Puerto Asis Road</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4:053696692457E3A83283FB096F9DE187" country="Colombia" county="Km" municipality="Mocoa-Puerto Asis Road" name="Quebrada El Whiskey" stateProvince="Putumayo">Quebrada El Whiskey</location>
</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4:FB9C0F01502F2FF548BE8C0934BCE2A4" country="Colombia" county="Km" municipality="Mocoa-Puerto Asis Road" name="Finca Santa Marta" stateProvince="Putumayo">Finca Santa Marta</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A8C88702988454E3B7F278BEECF5CEC4:BA8CC2007CB14D41E5FADB66B51A4DBA" country="Colombia" county="Km" municipality="Mocoa-Puerto Asis Road" name="Hilltop forest" stateProvince="Putumayo">Hilltop forest</location>
, c.
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
(&quot;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.84048" unit="ft" value="1260.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.84048" unit="ft" value="1260.0">1260 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
&quot;),
<collectingDate value="1974-11-05">5 Nov 1974</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Plowman</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Davis</collectorName>
4396
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
COL; isotype PSO)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Herb</emphasis>
0.5-0.7 m tall.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
sheaths 10-18 mm diam; ligule 10-20 mm long, obliquely truncate; petiole 5-15 mm long; sheaths, ligule and petiole glabrous, purple-red to green; lamina ovate-elliptic to narrowly ovate-elliptic, 22-29
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
10-13 cm, dark, olive green adaxially, red-purple to dark purple abaxially, with 5-6 dark green bands corresponding with slightly raised veins above, adaxial and abaxial surfaces both glabrous, base acute, apex acute to shortly acuminate (acumen 3-5 mm long).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescence</emphasis>
ovoid, ca. 7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4.5 cm, terminating a leafy shoot; bracts and appendages of bracts, bracteole, calyx, and ovary glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
abaxially oriented; bracts red, coriaceous, broadly ovate, 3-4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3.5 cm; appendages green, foliaceous, ascending, triangular-ovate, 2.5-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3.5 cm, apex acute; bracteole boat-shaped, 24-30 mm long; calyx red, 12-20 mm long, lobes very shallowly triangular, 2-5 mm long; corolla white, 60-75 mm long, glabrous, lobes narrowly elliptic, 45-60 mm long; labellum white, distal edge horizontally spreading, broadly obovate, 60-70
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
50 mm, lateral lobes striped with red, middle lobe reflexed with yellow honey mark, irregularly lobulate, margin crenulate; stamen white, tinged with red, 35-40
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
13-14 mm, not exceeding the labellum, apex 3-dentate, anther 8-10 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Capsule</emphasis>
not seen.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 21.</emphasis>
Distribution maps for new species of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Costaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="C.D.Specht &amp; D.W.Stevenson" authorityYear="2006" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Chamaecostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecostus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Chamaecostus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus douglasdalyi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="douglasdalyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus douglasdalyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Chamaecostus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaecostus manausensis" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manausensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Chamaecostus manausensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alfredoi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alfredoi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus alfredoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alleniopsis" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alleniopsis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus alleniopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; D.Skinner
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alticolus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus alticolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus antioquiensis" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="antioquiensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus antioquiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus callosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="callosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus callosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus cochabambae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cochabambae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus cochabambae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus convexus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="convexus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus convexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; D.Skinner
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus douglasdalyi" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="douglasdalyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus douglasdalyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Colombia (Putumayo). Ecuador (Napo), Peru (Loreto) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae. Costus gibbosus - Costus whiskeycola m A Costus gibbosus D. Skinner &amp; Maas B Costus mollissimus Maas &amp; H. Maas C Costus obscurus D. Skinner &amp; Maas D Costus oreophilus Maas &amp; D. Skinner E Costus pitalito C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas F Costus prancei Maas &amp; H. Maas G Costus pseudospiralis Maas &amp; H. Maas H Costus rubineus D. Skinner &amp; Maas I Costus whiskeycola Maas &amp; H. Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">22I</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828361" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 22.</emphasis>
Distribution maps for new species of
<taxonomicName family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" rank="family">Costaceae</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus">Costus gibbosus</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">Costus whiskeycola</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
m
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus gibbosus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gibbosus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus gibbosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.Skinner &amp; Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus mollissimus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mollissimus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus mollissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus obscurus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obscurus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.Skinner &amp; Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; D. Skinner" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus oreophilus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oreophilus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus oreophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; D.Skinner
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. D. Specht &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus pitalito" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pitalito">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus pitalito</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.D.Specht &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus prancei" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prancei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus prancei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus pseudospiralis" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pseudospiralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus pseudospiralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. Skinner &amp; Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus rubineus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubineus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus rubineus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.Skinner &amp; Maas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">I</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus whiskeycola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">In tropical wet forests at an elevation of 250-400 m. Flowering period is uncertain.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
This species has been named after its type locality El Whiskey (Putumayo, Colombia), with
<normalizedToken originalValue="“cola”">&quot;cola&quot;</normalizedToken>
the Latin for &quot;living in&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Colombia. Putumayo</emphasis>
: El Chapo, 250 m,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R 3463</emphasis>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Cultivated Material</emphasis>
Greenhouse of
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Sandwijck”">&quot;Sandwijck&quot;</normalizedToken>
, near Utrecht, the Netherlands, 3 Aug 1978,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Maas 74-618</emphasis>
(AAU, COL, K, NY, QCA, P, U161001, U161002, US), from the type collection
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Plowman &amp; Davis 4396</emphasis>
; cultivated in USBRG as 1994-680,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R 2257</emphasis>
(UC); cultivated in Jesse Durko Nursery,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R 2847</emphasis>
; cultivated by Bob Campos,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R 2948</emphasis>
; Smith College Botanical Garden,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R 3026</emphasis>
(UC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
This new species has long been widely cultivated worldwide, originally grown from seeds collected by Tim Plowman when preparing
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Plowman &amp; Davis 4396</emphasis>
at the type locality. Until a late stage in our revision, we united this species with
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. erythrophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Loes. Although the flowers and inflorescence look very much like those of that species, the leaves are quite different in their colour and the almost absence of distinct plication. They also have a thicker mesophil layer and are waxy in living plants. This species can also be distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. erythrophyllus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. erythrophyllus</emphasis>
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by the length and shape of the ligules, which are truncate to obliquely truncate instead of being deeply lobed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
In April 2022, Dave Skinner visited the Santa Cruz private reserve of Project Amazonas near Iquitos, Loreto, Peru and found large populations of plants in primary forest that are identical vegetatively and have flowers that match those of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus whiskeycola" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="whiskeycola">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus whiskeycola</emphasis>
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. However, the bracts lack leafy appendages. It is yet to be determined whether or not these plants are of this same species.
</paragraph>
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Subtribe
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Chaudoir, 1873b: 97 [stem: Calleid-]. Type genus:
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Dejean, 1824 [as
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, unjustified emendation of type genus name by Agassiz (1846b: 58), not in prevailing usage]. Comment: original vernacular name available (Art. 11.7.2): first used in latinized form by H. W. Bates (1873: 311, as
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), generally accepted as in Csiki (1932b: 1436, as
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[incorrect stem formation]); incorrect stem formation, not in prevailing usage.
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Gozis, 1875: 3 [stem: Plochion-]. Type genus:
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Dejean, 1821.
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Habu, 1967: 117 [stem: Anomotar-]. Type genus:
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Chaudoir, 1875.
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221
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sagittatus subsp. subvar." order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subVariety" species="sagittatus" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="villosus">Convolvulus sagittatus subvar. villosus</taxonomicName>
Hallier f., Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 533. 1898, as &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sagittatus subsp. subvar. var. parviflorus" order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subVariety" species="sagittatus" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="villosus" variety="parviflorus">Convolvulus sagittatus var. parviflorus Hallier f. subvar. villosus</taxonomicName>
Hallier f.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation author="Hallier, H" editor="Schinz, H" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de L'Herbier Boissier" pageId="203" pageNumber="204" pagination="529 - 548" refId="B146" refString="Hallier, H, 1898a. Convolvulaceae. In: Schinz, H, Ed., Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Afrikanische Flora VII. Bulletin de L'Herbier Boissier 6: 529 - 548" title="Convolvulaceae." volume="6" volumeTitle="Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Afrikanische Flora VII." year="1898 a">Hallier 1898a</bibRefCitation>
: 533). Type. Based on
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker, Bull Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 67. 1894. (Baker" authorityYear="1894" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus thomsonii" order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Convolvulus thomsonii</emphasis>
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Baker
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sagittatus subsp. var. var. villosus" order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="sagittatus" subSpecies="var." variety="villosus">Convolvulus sagittatus var. villosus</taxonomicName>
(Hallier f.) Rendle, Fl. Trop. Africa (Oliver et al.) 4(2): 96. 1905. (
<bibRefCitation author="Baker, JG" journalOrPublisher="Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London" pageId="198" pageNumber="199" pagination="62 - 206" refId="B19" refString="Baker, JG, Rendle, AB, 1905. Flora of Tropical Africa volume 4: Hydrophyllaceae to Pedalineae. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London: 62 - 206" title="Flora of Tropical Africa volume 4: Hydrophyllaceae to Pedalineae" year="1905">Baker and Rendle 1905</bibRefCitation>
: 96). Type. Based on
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus subsp. subvar." order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subVariety" species="sagittatus" subSpecies="subvar." subVariety="villosus">Convolvulus subvar. villosus</taxonomicName>
Hallier f.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pilger" authorityYear="1908" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus bussei" order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bussei">Convolvulus bussei</taxonomicName>
Pilg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 41: 295. 1908. (
<bibRefCitation author="Pilger, R" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" pagination="293 - 297" refId="B270" refString="Pilger, R, 1908. Convolvulaceae africanae. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 41: 293 - 297" title="Convolvulaceae africanae." volume="41" year="1908">Pilger 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 295). Type. TANZANIA, Songea District,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Busse</emphasis>
938 (holotype B†; isotype EA).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulze-Menz" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus hallierianus" order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hallierianus">Convolvulus hallierianus</taxonomicName>
Schulze-Menz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: 377. 1939. (
<bibRefCitation author="Schulze-Menz, GK" editor="Mildbraed, J" journalOrPublisher="Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin" pageId="211" pageNumber="212" pagination="377 - 378" refId="B323" refString="Schulze-Menz, GK, 1939. Convolvulaceae. In: Mildbraed, J, Ed., Neue Arten aus dem Mantengo-Hochland, sudwestliches Tanganyika-Territ, leg. H Zerny II. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 14: 377 - 378" title="Convolvulaceae." volume="14" volumeTitle="Neue Arten aus dem Mantengo-Hochland, sudwestliches Tanganyika-Territ, leg. H Zerny II." year="1939">Schulze-Menz 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 377). Type. TANZANIA, Matengo hills,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Zerny</emphasis>
17 (holotype W!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulze-Menz" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus zernyi" order="Solanales" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zernyi">Convolvulus zernyi</taxonomicName>
Schulze-Menz, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 14: 377. 1939. (
<bibRefCitation author="Schulze-Menz, GK" editor="Mildbraed, J" journalOrPublisher="Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin" pageId="211" pageNumber="212" pagination="377 - 378" refId="B323" refString="Schulze-Menz, GK, 1939. Convolvulaceae. In: Mildbraed, J, Ed., Neue Arten aus dem Mantengo-Hochland, sudwestliches Tanganyika-Territ, leg. H Zerny II. Notizblatt des Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 14: 377 - 378" title="Convolvulaceae." volume="14" volumeTitle="Neue Arten aus dem Mantengo-Hochland, sudwestliches Tanganyika-Territ, leg. H Zerny II." year="1939">Schulze-Menz 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 377). Type. TANZANIA, Matengo hills,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Zerny</emphasis>
370 (holotype W!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="type">
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
TANZANIA, N. of Lake Nyasa,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Thomson</emphasis>
s.n. (holotype K!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="81" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
Prostrate perennial herb, densely tomentose on all vegetative parts, often brownish when dry. Leaves petiolate, 1.2-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-2.5 cm, variable in shape, ovate, lanceolate-deltoid or, most commonly oblong, margin undulate to crenate, base hastate to sagittate; petioles 3-6 (-20) mm. Flowers solitary, axillary, pedunculate; peduncles solitary or, occasionally, paired, 1.5-4 cm, often arching; bracteoles 5-7
<pageBreakToken pageId="81" pageNumber="82" start="start">mm</pageBreakToken>
, linear; pedicels 3-8 (-15) mm; outer sepals 9-11
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5 mm, ovate, acute to shortly acuminate, densely hairy; corolla (1.3-)1.5-1.8 cm long, white, unlobed, midpetaline bands pubescent, terminating in a tooth; ovary glabrous. Capsule glabrous; seeds glabrous, nearly smooth but somewhat rugose on the angles. [
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt, B" editor="Hubbard, CE" journalOrPublisher="HMSO, London" pageId="213" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 161" refId="B373" refString="Verdcourt, B, 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, CE, Milne-Redhead, E, Eds., Flora of Tropical East Africa. HMSO, London: 1 - 161" title="Convolvulaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1963">Verdcourt 1963</bibRefCitation>
: 42 (as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schulze-Menz" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus zernyi" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zernyi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus zernyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
Malawi (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Synge</emphasis>
WC 251,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Pawek</emphasis>
13111,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Richards</emphasis>
20646); Tanzania (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Lovett et al.</emphasis>
2089,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Mgaza</emphasis>
121). 1800-2100 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="81" pageNumber="82" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
We have widened the concept of this species from that of
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt, B" editor="Hubbard, CE" journalOrPublisher="HMSO, London" pageId="213" pageNumber="214" pagination="1 - 161" refId="B373" refString="Verdcourt, B, 1963. Convolvulaceae. In: Hubbard, CE, Milne-Redhead, E, Eds., Flora of Tropical East Africa. HMSO, London: 1 - 161" title="Convolvulaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1963">Verdcourt (1963)</bibRefCitation>
to include plants with a somewhat smaller corolla and calyx, including the type of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker, Bull Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 67. 1894. (Baker" authorityYear="1894" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus thomsonii" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is atypical in its relatively short calyx and corolla but is clearly an immature specimen of this taxon. This species appears to be frequent in the highlands of northern Malawi and southern Tanzania. It is very close to
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus sagittatus" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sagittatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus sagittatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in the larger sepals, 9-11 mm in length and the tomentose indumentum, which dries brown. The rather long, often arching peduncles are also very characteristic. An unusual feature is the occasional presence of paired peduncles. It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl., Abh. Koenigl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 2: 349. 1892. (Engler" authorityYear="1892" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus aschersonii" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aschersonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus aschersonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. I. Wood &amp; R. W. Scotland" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus austroafricanus" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="austroafricanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus austroafricanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the larger solitary flowers as well as the tomentose indumentum. It is also close to
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. H. Wright, Fl. Cap. (Harvey) 4 (2): 75. 1904. (Baker and Wright" authorityYear="1904" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus galpinii" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="galpinii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus galpinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differing principally in the longer, gradually narrowed sepals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
As with many other African species, intermediates with other species are found. These have the same indumentum, relatively large corollas and sepals of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker, Bull Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 67. 1894. (Baker" authorityYear="1894" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus thomsonii" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thomsonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus thomsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but inflorescences of 2-3 flowers.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Phillips</emphasis>
2738 and 3920 from northern Malawi and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Richards</emphasis>
6071 from Zambia appear to be intermediate with
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. I. Wood &amp; R. W. Scotland" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus austroafricanus" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="austroafricanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus austroafricanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or possibly
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl., Abh. Koenigl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 2: 349. 1892. (Engler" authorityYear="1892" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Convolvulus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Convolvulus aschersonii" order="Solanales" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aschersonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Convolvulus aschersonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>