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<document id="2B7E37C0A2298CD295BB14C8101BFE56" ID-CLB-Dataset="293154" ID-DOI="10.25221/fee.497.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5c30fba9-ea7d-4b4d-9117-36f1b725f3b2" ID-ISSN="2713-2196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10928438" ID-ZooBank="128F0AED-EE51-4358-BC31-738A3F4A73CE" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1712258789465" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ozerov, A. L. & Krivosheina, M. G." docDate="2024" docId="A83387E3FFB1FF848E83FCFCFB8F8264" docLanguage="en" docName="FarEastEntomol.497.1-5.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Far Eastern Entomologist 497" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/fee.497.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:68641B8F4A21450A5F9A74164B730F50.12:FarEastEntomol.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="68641B8F4A21450A5F9A74164B730F50" docStyleName="FarEastEntomol.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="12" docTitle="Scathophaga ferganensis Ozerov et Krivosheina 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="391A1105-077E-411E-89B2-BDCD56445FF8" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="540AFF9BFFB0FF808E60FFB2FFEE8077" masterDocTitle="A new species of Scathophaga Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) from Kyrgyzstan" masterLastPageNumber="5" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1712602120690" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="566F05DB283068EE09E706523CE9FB30">
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<mods:title id="D315274F952462DF961DF79725E9D5EB">A new species of Scathophaga Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Scathophagidae) from Kyrgyzstan</mods:title>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D3A0681AECDD0C55FDA831B9298B23CF">Ozerov, A. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6C51370B627D536D1373E55574D4F384">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B47910F426C1CCAB1F0616C27718ADB3">Krivosheina, M. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="89725CF7B29DAACFB64AE39C5AEDB448">Far Eastern Entomologist</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A359D6B165ABB0EDF94D8C348E569D94">
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<mods:date id="47D293CA2CF1D2251A82A79EAB215FAD">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA542520543FBEFE9D577717E3266433">2024-03-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="91F6C03903CA5676FFB62CCB1D50F0AE">497</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="886874A829CF8FAD977C91E4B910D799">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FDBAA7319FCB7627D075A62C2D63B6C6">5</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="A763B9C0550C44A2F10192D77F7ACD4B">http://dx.doi.org/10.25221/fee.497.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8CF6525D431A2B72961E9B8F9B9EA4A7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="53C35C46262C325851A4643DA3BCBED9" type="DOI">10.25221/fee.497.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E0C73EFD49E77FEFF6516C78FAD8791E" type="ISSN">2713-2196</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A83387E3FFB1FF848E83FCFCFB8F8264" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10945998" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10945998" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:391A1105-077E-411E-89B2-BDCD56445FF8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A83387E3FFB1FF848E83FCFCFB8F8264" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="6880657EFFB1FF818E83FCFCFBC783F0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="202536F5FFB1FF818E83FCFCFCA78311" blockId="1.[227,841,846,870]" box="[227,841,846,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="7B6D8199FFB1FF818E83FCFCFCA78311" box="[227,841,846,870]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="E79A4D76FFB1FF818E83FCFCFD118311" authority="Ozerov et Krivosheina" authorityName="Ozerov et Krivosheina" authorityYear="2024" box="[227,767,846,870]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferganensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB1FF818E83FCFCFD118311" bold="true" box="[227,767,846,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB1FF818E83FCFCFE178311" bold="true" box="[227,505,846,870]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Scathophaga ferganensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Ozerov et Krivosheina
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB1FF818D6DFCFCFCA78311" bold="true" box="[781,841,846,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="09DD579CFFB1FF818D6DFCFCFCA78311" box="[781,841,846,870]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="202536F5FFB1FF818E83FCC3FBC783F0" blockId="1.[227,1065,881,903]" box="[227,1065,881,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/
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<uuid id="543C0C20FFB1FF818C0DFCC3FBC783F0" box="[621,1065,881,903]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">391A1105-077E-411E-89B2-BDCD56445FF8</uuid>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6880657EFFB1FF818E83FC21FEAE83DC" box="[227,320,915,939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="202536F5FFB1FF818E83FC21FEAE83DC" blockId="1.[227,320,915,939]" box="[227,320,915,939]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB1FF818E83FC21FEAE83DC" box="[227,320,915,939]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6880657EFFB1FF818F69FC62FEC88433" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
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||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB1FF818F69FC62FEC88433" blockId="1.[227,1127,976,1583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
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<materialsCitation id="90F23CA8FFB1FF818F69FC62FEC88433" collectingDate="1966-07-22" collectingDateMax="2800-05" collectingDateMin="1966-07-22" collectionCode="V" country="Kyrgyzstan" elevation="2800" latitude="40.772" location="Ferghana Ridge" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="74.77" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
MATERIAL.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="FF218857FFB1FF818FC4FC62FDE9839F" box="[420,519,976,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="369CFD7CFFB1FF818C49FC63FDD1839F" box="[553,575,977,1000]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB1FF818C2EFC62FD3C839F" bold="true" box="[590,722,976,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
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<collectingCountry id="588D7665FFB1FF818C2EFC62FD3C839F" box="[590,722,976,1000]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Kyrgyzstan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, N slope of the
|
||||
<location id="2545602EFFB1FF818DEEFC62FBD3839F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A83387E3FFB1FF848E83FCFCFB8F8264:2545602EFFB1FF818DEEFC62FBD3839F" box="[910,1085,976,1000]" country="Kyrgyzstan" latitude="40.772" longLatPrecision="69" longitude="74.77" name="Ferghana Ridge" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Ferghana Ridge</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<locationDeviation id="31972FD7FFB1FF818A2CFC62FDEC8470" location="Chatyr-Kol Lake" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<quantity id="E7629B10FFB1FF818A2CFC62FEEB8470" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||||
W of Chatyr-Köl Lake
|
||||
</locationDeviation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="E7629B10FFB1FF818C6DFC5DFDB08471" box="[525,606,1007,1031]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2800.0">
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<elevation id="ABB7D1C6FFB1FF818C6DFC5DFDB08471" box="[525,606,1007,1031]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
|
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</quantity>
|
||||
(ca.
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="45AE5032FFB1FF818CF4FC5DFD118471" box="[660,767,1007,1031]" degrees="40.772" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="55" value="40.772">40.772º N</geoCoordinate>
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||||
<geoCoordinate id="45AE5032FFB1FF818D67FC5DFC9D8470" box="[775,883,1007,1031]" degrees="74.770" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="55" value="74.77">74.770º E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<date id="54241035FFB1FF818DE7FC5DFBE28470" box="[903,1036,1007,1031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="1966-07-22">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="4460E9DDFFB1FF818DE7FC5DFBE28470" box="[903,1036,1007,1031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="1966-07-22">22.VII.1966</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="468BAE30FFB1FF818A2DFC5DFB8D8471" box="[1101,1123,1007,1030]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Zaitsev [labelled "N скл. Ферг. хр. 40 км W оЗ. Чатыркёль
|
||||
<date id="54241035FFB1FF818D10FBBFFC2B8452" box="[880,965,1037,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2800-05">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="4460E9DDFFB1FF818D10FBBFFC2B8452" box="[880,965,1037,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2800-05">2800 В.</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
Зайцев 22 VII 966"].
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6880657EFFB1FF848F69FBF9FD52812A" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB1FF818F69FBF9FBBA856D" blockId="1.[227,1127,976,1583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="468BAE30FFB1FF818F69FBF9FE548414" box="[265,442,1099,1123]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">DESCRIPTION</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<collectionCode id="468BAE30FFB1FF818FA5FBF9FDFA8414" box="[453,532,1099,1123]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MALE</collectionCode>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB1FF818C7FFBF9FDB78414" box="[543,601,1099,1123]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
. Frontal vitta yellow in lower third and black in upper part, delicately whitish dusted; face and gena yellow, whitish dusted; frontoorbital plate, ocellar triangle, and postcranium blackish, greyish dusted. Setae: 3 orbitals, 4–5 frontals, 1 ocellar, 1 postocellar, 1 inner vertical, 1 outer vertical; 1 pair of strong vibrissae and 2 pairs of subvibrissae present. Postcranium covered with white hairs. Antenna black; postpedicel about twice as long as wide; arista black, bare. Palpus reddish yellow with darkened apex, filiform, without long apical seta.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB1FF818F69FA93FC6B8659" blockId="1.[227,1127,976,1583]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB1FF818F69FA93FEB8854E" box="[265,342,1313,1337]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
. Completely black, densely pale grey dusted. Acrostichals not differentiated from the other hairs on scutum, 2 postpronotals, 2 notopleurals, 1+2 supra-alars, 1+1 intra-alars, 2 postalars, and 2+3 dorsocentrals. Proepisternum centrally and ventrally with whitish hairs, without strong setae ventrally. Proepimeron covered with whitish hairs anteriorly. Anepisternum covered with hairs completely and with 2–3 strong setae along posterior margin. Katepisternum covered with hairs completely, with one strong seta in posterodorsal corner. Postmetacoxal bridge absent. Scutellum greyish dusted, covered with hairs dorsally and with a pair of strong basal scutellar and a pair of strong apical scutellar setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="74E5667DFFB2FF828F69FB0FFEB5857D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" targetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB2FF828F69FB0FFEB5857D" blockId="2.[227,1127,1213,1290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
Figs 1–5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E79A4D76FFB2FF828F0BFB0FFDB184A5" authority="Ozerov & Krivosheina, 2024" authorityName="Ozerov & Krivosheina" authorityYear="2024" box="[363,607,1213,1234]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferganensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB2FF828F0BFB0FFDB184A5" box="[363,607,1213,1234]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Scathophaga ferganensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09DD579CFFB2FF828C0CFB0FFD4F84A5" box="[620,673,1213,1234]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB2FF828F69FA82FE5D862C" blockId="2.[227,1127,1327,1627]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB2FF828F69FA82FED28530" box="[265,316,1328,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Legs</emphasis>
|
||||
. All coxae black, greyish dusted. All femora black, greyish dusted. All tibiae and tarsi yellow, each tarsus darkened dorsally at apex. Fore femur covered with whitish and blackish hairs, without striking setae. Fore tibia with a row of posterodorsal setae, with 2 dorsal, 1–2 posterior, 1 preapical anterodorsal, 1 apical posterodorsal, 1 apical posterior setae. Mid femur with a row of anterodorsal thin setae, with 1 preapical posterodorsal and 1 preapical posterior setae. Mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal, and 1–2 posterior setae, also with a ring of apicals. Hind femur with a row of dorsal/ anterodorsal thin setae. Hind tibia with 2–3 posterodorsal, 2–3 anterodorsal, 1 preapical dorsal, 1 preapical anterodorsal, and 2 apical anteroventral setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="74E5667DFFB3FF838F69FB4EFE76853E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946008" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10946008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946008/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[265,306,1276,1298]" targetBox="[255,1088,269,1229]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB3FF838F69FB4EFE76853E" blockId="3.[227,1127,1276,1353]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
Figs 6–10.
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB3FF838FE0FB4EFD878566" box="[384,617,1276,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E79A4D76FFB3FF838FE0FB4EFE138566" authorityName="MEIGEN" authorityYear="1803" box="[384,509,1276,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scathophaga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lapponica
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ringdahl), male: 6 – abdominal sternite 5; 7 – abdominal sternite 4; 8 – aedeagus; 9 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 10 – same, lateral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB3FF838F69FADDFE1F85D2" blockId="3.[227,1127,1390,1629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB3FF838F69FADDFEAC85F1" box="[265,322,1391,1414]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Wing</emphasis>
|
||||
tinged with brownish, veins brownish. Calypteres, including margins, yellowish. Halter yellow.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB3FF838F69FA1EFCD98676" blockId="3.[227,1127,1390,1629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB3FF838F69FA1EFE8085B3" box="[265,366,1452,1476]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
black, greyish dusted, covered with hairs. Male sternite 4 roundish, a little longer than wide (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB3FF838F8DFA78FDDD8595" box="[493,563,1482,1506]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Male sternite 5 with short lobes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB3FF838DA3FA78FBE88595" box="[963,1030,1482,1506]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Cercal plate equal to surstyli (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB3FF838FB6FA5BFDD88676" box="[470,566,1513,1537]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Aedeagus as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB3FF838C92FA5BFCDD8676" box="[754,819,1513,1537]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB3FF838F69F9BAFC108668" blockId="3.[227,1127,1390,1629]" box="[265,1022,1543,1568]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
MEASUREMENTS. Length of body 5.0 mm. Length of wing
|
||||
<quantity id="E7629B10FFB3FF838DC5F9B5FC148668" box="[933,1018,1543,1567]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB3FF838F69F995FE1C8649" blockId="3.[227,1127,1390,1629]" box="[265,498,1574,1599]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FEMALE. Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB4FF848F69FEBAFD52812A" blockId="4.[227,1127,264,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
COMPARISONS. The new species resembles
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB4FF848C99FEBAFC1E8157" box="[761,1008,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E79A4D76FFB4FF848C99FEBAFC6C8157" authorityName="MEIGEN" authorityYear="1803" box="[761,898,264,288]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scathophaga</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lapponica
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ringdahl, 1920) by external characters and in the structure of the genitalia. These species can be distinguished from each other as follows:
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6880657EFFB4FF848E83FEC1FB8F8264" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="key">
|
||||
<keyStep id="9B6E2E50FFB4FF848E83FEC1FB8F8264" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<key id="540B61C4FFB4FF848E83FEC1FB8F8264" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB4FF848E83FEC1FB8B81C8" blockId="4.[227,1127,371,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="9B6B95C0FFB4FF848E83FEC1FB8B81C8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
1. Femora of mid and hind legs completely black; palpus reddish yellow with darkened apex; male sternite 4 as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848FAFFE3DFDE781D3" box="[463,521,399,421]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
; lobes of male sternite 5 shorter (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848D2AFE3DFC6C81D2" box="[842,898,399,421]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
); aedeagus as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848A48FE3DFB8C81D3" box="[1064,1122,399,421]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
; cercal plate, surstyli and aedeagus as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848CE9FE18FD3281B7" box="[649,732,426,448]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[265,306,1213,1235]" captionTargetBox="[251,1109,268,1172]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[236,1118,257,1191]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Scathophaga ferganensis, sp. n., male: 1 – abdominal sternite 5; 2 – abdominal sternite 4; 3 – aedeagus; 4 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 5 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946004" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946004/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
...............................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E79A4D76FFB4FF848DC2FE18FBC781C8" authority="Ozerov & Krivosheina, 2024" authorityName="Ozerov & Krivosheina" authorityYear="2024" box="[930,1065,426,447]" class="Insecta" family="Scathophagidae" genus="Scathophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferganensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB4FF848DC2FE18FBC781C8" box="[930,1065,426,447]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. ferganensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB4FF848A4FFE18FB8B81C8" bold="true" box="[1071,1125,426,447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09DD579CFFB4FF848A4FFE18FB8B81C8" box="[1071,1125,426,447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="202536F5FFB4FF848E83FE74FB8F8264" blockId="4.[227,1127,371,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<keyLead id="9B6B95C0FFB4FF848E83FE74FB8F8264" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
– Femora of mid and hind legs yellow apically; palpus reddish yellow completely; male sternite 4 as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848FC5FE53FE0C8180" box="[421,482,481,503]" captionStart="Figs 6–10" captionStartId="3.[265,306,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[255,1088,269,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[227,1122,257,1239]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 6–10. Scathophaga lapponica (Ringdahl), male: 6 – abdominal sternite 5; 7 – abdominal sternite 4; 8 – aedeagus; 9 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 10 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946008/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
; lobes of sternite 5 longer (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848C98FE53FCDB8180" box="[760,821,481,503]" captionStart="Figs 6–10" captionStartId="3.[265,306,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[255,1088,269,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[227,1122,257,1239]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 6–10. Scathophaga lapponica (Ringdahl), male: 6 – abdominal sternite 5; 7 – abdominal sternite 4; 8 – aedeagus; 9 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 10 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946008/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
); aedeagus as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848D83FE53FBCE8181" box="[995,1056,481,503]" captionStart="Figs 6–10" captionStartId="3.[265,306,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[255,1088,269,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[227,1122,257,1239]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 6–10. Scathophaga lapponica (Ringdahl), male: 6 – abdominal sternite 5; 7 – abdominal sternite 4; 8 – aedeagus; 9 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 10 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946008/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||||
; cercal plate, surstyli and aedeagus as in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B8A12A70FFB4FF848C29FE4FFD468265" box="[585,680,509,531]" captionStart="Figs 6–10" captionStartId="3.[265,306,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[255,1088,269,1229]" captionTargetId="figure-0@3.[227,1122,257,1239]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 6–10. Scathophaga lapponica (Ringdahl), male: 6 – abdominal sternite 5; 7 – abdominal sternite 4; 8 – aedeagus; 9 – epandrium, cercal plate and surstyli, dorsal view; 10 – same, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946008" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946008/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs 9, 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
.................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="12EEEAE7FFB4FF848D1BFE4FFC1D8265" box="[891,1011,509,530]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lapponica</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ringdahl)
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
454
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Normal file
454
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<mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:title>Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 - 0620, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Jameson, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS 67260 - 0026, USA</mods:affiliation>
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||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">maryliz.jameson@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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||||
<mods:namePart>Garner, Beulah H.</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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||||
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|
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|
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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||||
<mods:namePart>Audibert, Cedric</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Musee des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13 A Rue Bancel, F- 69007 Lyon, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation>Research Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128344257" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A833F20698BD25AD601329F889334E2F" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="A833F206-98BD-25AD-6013-29F889334E2F" authority="MacLeay, 1819" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pelidnota MacLeay, 1819</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Characters of the mesofemora and metatibiae in pelidnotine genera. A Epichalcoplethis aciculata (F. Bates), metatibia somewhat flattened (dorsal view) B Pelidnota virescens, metatibia not flattened (dorsal view) C Mecopelidnota sp., metatibia at base with a semicircular notch D Pseudogeniates cordobaensis Moore et al., metatibia simple at base E Mesomerodon gilletti Soula male, acute production of posterior margin of mesotibia (ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of the thorax (ventral view) and elytral apex (dorsal and lateral views). Mesosternal keel not surpassing base of mesocoxae (A) or keel surpassing base of mesocoxae (B). Acute, spiniform projections at apex of elytra (C, D). A Homonyx elongatus B Pelidnota dobleri Frey C Mesomerodon gilletti, dorsal view D Mesomerodon gilletti, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130431" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Pelidnota ancilla F. Bates male holotype from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130481" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 53</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Pelidnota (Odontognathus) adriani Martinez (valid name Pelidnota bahiana adriani [Martinez]) paratype male from CMNC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130482" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 54</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Pelidnota (Ganonota) boyi Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota boyi Ohaus) holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130483" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 55</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Pelidnota burmeisteri burmeisteri Burmeister male specimen from MSPC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130484" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 56</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="F57" captionText="Figure 57. Pelidnota tricolor Nonfried (valid name Pelidnota burmeisteri tricolor Nonfried) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Male genitalia, lateral view D Male parameres, caudal view E Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure57" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130485" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 57</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="F58" captionText="Figure 58. Pelidnota crassipes Ohaus type male (see " Type specimens and lectotype designation " in Methods) from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure58" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130486" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 58</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="F59" captionText="Figure 59. Pelidnota cuprea var. coerulea Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota cuprea [Germar]) invalid type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130487" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 59</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="F60" captionText="Figure 60. Pelidnota cuprea var. nigrocoerulea Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota cuprea [Germar]) invalid type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure60" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130488" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 60</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 61" captionStartId="F61" captionText="Figure 61. Pelidnota cuprea var. rufoviolacea Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota cuprea [Germar]) invalid type male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure61" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130489" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 61</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="F62" captionText="Figure 62. Pelidnota discicollis Ohaus holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure62" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130490" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 62</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 63" captionStartId="F63" captionText="Figure 63. Pelidnota dubia F. Bates syntype male from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure63" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130491" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 63</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 64" captionStartId="F64" captionText="Figure 64. Pelidnota ebenina (Blanchard) female specimen compared [by Jameson] with syntype from MNHN. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure64" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130492" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 64</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 65" captionStartId="F65" captionText="Figure 65. Pelidnota fracida F. Bates syntype male from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure65" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130493" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 65</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 66" captionStartId="F66" captionText="Figure 66. Pelidnota fusciventris Ohaus type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and egg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure66" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130494" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 66</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 67" captionStartId="F67" captionText="Figure 67. Pelidnota (Odontognathus) gabrielae Martinez (valid name Pelidnota gabrielae Martinez) allotype female from MACN. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure67" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130495" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 67</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 68" captionStartId="F68" captionText="Figure 68. Pelidnota hoefigi Ohaus syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130496" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 68</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 69" captionStartId="F69" captionText="Figure 69. Strigidia incerta Soula holotype female from CCECL (valid name Pelidnota incerta (Soula )). A Dorsal habitus B Female gonocoxites, dorsal view C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure69" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130497" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 69</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 70" captionStartId="F70" captionText="Figure 70. Pelidnota (Chalcoplethis) jolyi Martinez (valid name Pelidnota jolyi Martinez) paratype male from CMNC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure70" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130498" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 70</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 71" captionStartId="F71" captionText="Figure 71. Pelidnota kirschi var. tenuistriata F. Bates (valid name Pelidnota kirschi tenuistriata F. Bates) holotype female from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130499" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 71</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota kuhnti [Ohaus]) holotype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 72</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 73" captionStartId="F73" captionText="Figure 73. Pelidnota assumpta Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota liturella assumpta Ohaus) holotype male from ZMHB. A Lateral habitus B Specimen labels and male genitalia C Male parameres, dorsal view D Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130501" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 73</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 74" captionStartId="F74" captionText="Figure 74. Pelidnota malyi Soula male paratype from CCECL. A Dorsal habitus B Male genitalia, dorsal view C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130502" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 74</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 75" captionStartId="F75" captionText="Figure 75. Pelidnota (Ganonota) matogrossensis Frey (valid name Pelidnota matogrossensis Frey) paratype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Male genitalia, lateral view D Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure75" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130503" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 75</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 76" captionStartId="F76" captionText="Figure 76. Pelidnota (Ganonota) ohausi Frey (valid name Pelidnota ohausi ohausi Frey) paratype from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure76" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130504" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 76</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 77" captionStartId="F77" captionText="Figure 77. Pelidnota (Pelidnota) perplexa Hardy (valid name Pelidnota perplexa Hardy) paratype female from CNC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure77" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130505" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 77</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 78" captionStartId="F78" captionText="Figure 78. Rutela pulchella Kirby (valid name Pelidnota pulchella pulchella [Kirby]) syntype female from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure78" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130506" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 78</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 79" captionStartId="F79" captionText="Figure 79. Scarabaeus punctatus Linnaeus (valid name Pelidnota punctata [Linnaeus]) female lectotype from UUZM. A Dorsal habitus B Ventral habitus C Specimen labels. Photographs courtesy of Dr. Hans Mejlon, Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Sweden." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure79" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130507" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 79</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 80" captionStartId="F80" captionText="Figure 80. Pelidnota rostrata Burmeister (male specimen compared with Burmeister's syntype by Ohaus from the Weber Collection). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure80" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130508" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 80</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 81" captionStartId="F81" captionText="Figure 81. Pelidnota viridana Blanchard (female specimen compared with Blanchard's syntype by Ohaus which is deposited at MNHN) (valid name Pelidnota rostrata Burmeister). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure81" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130509" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 81</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 82" captionStartId="F82" captionText="Figure 82. Odontognathus riedeli Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota rubripennis riedeli [Ohaus]) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male parameres, caudal view E Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure82" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130510" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 82</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 83" captionStartId="F83" captionText="Figure 83. Pelidnota rubripennis rubripennis (Burmeister) (male specimen compared with Burmeister's syntype by Ohaus from MLUH). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130511" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 83</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F84" captionText="Figure 84. Pelidnota rufipennis Waterhouse (valid name Pelidnota rubripennis [Burmeister]) type female (see " Type specimens and lectotype designation " in Methods) from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130512" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 84</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Pelidnota pubes Ohaus syntype male from ZMHB (valid name Pelidnota sanctidomini sanctidomini Ohaus). A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male parameres, dorsal view E Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130513" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 85</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 86" captionStartId="F86" captionText="Figure 86. Pelidnota sanctidomini sanctidomini Ohaus holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130514" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 86</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 87" captionStartId="F87" captionText="Figure 87. Pelidnota soederstroemi Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota soederstroemi Ohaus) holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and mouthparts." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130515" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 87</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 88" captionStartId="F88" captionText="Figure 88. Pelidnota subandina Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota subandina subandina Ohaus) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male parameres, dorsal view E Male genitalia, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure88" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130516" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 88</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 89" captionStartId="F89" captionText="Figure 89. Pelidnota vittipennis F. Bates (valid name Pelidnota testaceovirens vittipennis F. Bates) syntype male from BMNH. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure89" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130517" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 89</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 90" captionStartId="F90" captionText="Figure 90. Pelidnota thiliezi male, neotype from CCECL. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male genitalia, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure90" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130518" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 90</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 91" captionStartId="F91" captionText="Figure 91. Pelidnota zikani Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota tibialis tibialis Burmeister) syntype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure91" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130519" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 91</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 92" captionStartId="F92" captionText="Figure 92. Heteropelidnota cribrata Ohaus paralectotype male (valid name Pelidnota touroulti Soula) from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure92" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130520" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 92</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 93" captionStartId="F93" captionText="Figure 93. Pelidnota uncinata Ohaus type male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure93" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130521" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 93</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 94" captionStartId="F94" captionText="Figure 94. Pelidnota unicolor var. infuscata Ohaus (unavailable name) (valid name Pelidnota unicolor [Drury]) invalid type female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure94" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130522" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 94</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 95" captionStartId="F95" captionText="Figure 95. Heteropelidnota ustarani Martinez (valid name Pelidnota ustarani [Martinez]) holotype male from MACN. A Dorsal habitus B Specimen labels and male genitalia." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure95" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130523" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 95</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 96" captionStartId="F96" captionText="Figure 96. Pelidnota viridicuprea Ohaus holotype female from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and egg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure96" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130524" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 96</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 97" captionStartId="F97" captionText="Figure 97. Pelidnota (Ganonota) vitalisi Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota vitalisi Ohaus) type male (see " Type specimens and lectotype designation " in Methods) from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure97" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130525" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 97</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Scarabaeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scarabaeus punctatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Scarabaeus punctatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Linnaeus, 1758.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">195 species and subspecies; length 11-37 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
From southeastern Canada to Argentina and the Caribbean, members of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are obvious members of the entomofauna with diverse forms (some with enlarged metafemora such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. burmeisteri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burmeisteri">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. burmeisteri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), diverse colors (from metallic silver in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. teocuitlamayatli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="teocuitlamayatli">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. teocuitlamayatli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Delgado-Castillo, Deloya, and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to shiny red and blue in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rubripennis subsp. riedeli" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rubripennis" subSpecies="riedeli">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rubripennis riedeli</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[Ohaus]), and diverse maculations (striped green and tan in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. liturella" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liturella">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. liturella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[Kirby] or colorfully spotted in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. xanthospila" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xanthospila">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. xanthospila</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[Germar]). Their large size, abundance, and beauty make them fairly recognizable. Some species are recognized as pests:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. filippiniae" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filippiniae">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. filippiniae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Soula, which defoliates plantations (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672011000300017" author="Lunz, MA" journalOrPublisher="Acta Amazonica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="439 - 422" refId="B185" refString="Lunz, MA, Vaz-de-Mello, FZ, Monteiro, OM, 2011. Pelidnota filippiniae Soula, 2009 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae): a new defoliator of Australian wattle, Racosperma mangium (Willd.) (Fabaceae), in the eastern Amazon, Brazil. Acta Amazonica 41 (3): 439 - 422, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672011000300017" title="Pelidnota filippiniae Soula, 2009 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae): a new defoliator of Australian wattle, Racosperma mangium (Willd.) (Fabaceae), in the eastern Amazon, Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672011000300017" volume="41" year="2011">Lunz et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. punctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. punctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that feeds on leaves in vineyards (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ratcliffe, BC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 570" refId="B322" refString="Ratcliffe, BC, Paulsen, MJ, 2008. The scarabaeoid beetles of Nebraska. Bulletin of the Nebraska State Museum 22: 1 - 570" title="The scarabaeoid beetles of Nebraska." volume="22" year="2008">Ratcliffe and Paulsen 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Complete life cycle and representative larvae are described (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ritcher, PO" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Lexington" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="3 - 19" refId="B326" refString="Ritcher, PO, 1945. Rutelinae of eastern North America with descriptions of the larvae of Strigodermella pygmaea (Fab.) and three species of the tribe Rutelini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Bulletin of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station Lexington 471: 3 - 19" title="Rutelinae of eastern North America with descriptions of the larvae of Strigodermella pygmaea (Fab.) and three species of the tribe Rutelini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)." volume="471" year="1945">Ritcher 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ritcher, PO" journalOrPublisher="Oregon State University Press, Corvallis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B327" refString="Ritcher, PO, 1966. White grubs and their allies. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis" title="White grubs and their allies." year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1976,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="109 - 118" refId="B240" refString="Moron, MA, Deloya, C, 2002. Observaciones sobre el ciclo de vida de Pelidnota (Pelidnota) virescens Burmeister, 1844 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Rutelinae). Acta Zoologica Mexicana (N. S.) 85: 109 - 118" title="Observaciones sobre el ciclo de vida de Pelidnota (Pelidnota) virescens Burmeister, 1844 (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Rutelinae). Acta Zoologica Mexicana (N. S." volume="85" year="2002">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Deloya 2002
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Rodriguez et al. 2012,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000300004" author="Garcia, FP" journalOrPublisher="Biota Neotropica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="38 - 43" refId="B78" refString="Garcia, FP, Rodrigues, SR, Bagnara, CAC, de Oliveira, DS, 2013. Survey of saproxylophagous Melolonthidae (Coleoptera) and some biological aspects in Aquidauana, MS. Biota Neotropica 13 (3): 38 - 43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000300004" title="Survey of saproxylophagous Melolonthidae (Coleoptera) and some biological aspects in Aquidauana, MS." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032013000300004" volume="13" year="2013">Garcia et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hardy, AR" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 43" refId="B108" refString="Hardy, AR, 1975. A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). University of California Publications in Entomology 78: 1 - 43" title="A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)." volume="78" year="1975">Hardy (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
revised the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from North and Central America and provided a key to species. He geographically restricted his revision to North and Central American species due to the large size of the group. The work stabilized the classification of North and Central American taxa and provided the only method of accurately identifying species in this region. He did not discuss relationships among the subgenera of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, although he noted that the classification and subgeneric concept (as proposed by Ohaus) were in need of study. Subsequent to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hardy’s">Hardy's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
revision (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hardy, AR" journalOrPublisher="University of California Publications in Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 43" refId="B108" refString="Hardy, AR, 1975. A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). University of California Publications in Entomology 78: 1 - 43" title="A revision of the genus Pelidnota of America north of Panama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)." volume="78" year="1975">Hardy 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), many new species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been described. Keys to the Mexican species (Delgado et al. 1988) and Costa Rican species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Solis, A" journalOrPublisher="Folia Entomologica Mexicana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 41" refId="B352" refString="Solis, A, Moron, MA, 1994. Nuevas especies de Rutelini (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) del sureste Costa Rica. Folia Entomologica Mexicana 92: 31 - 41" title="Nuevas especies de Rutelini (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) del sureste Costa Rica." volume="92" year="1994">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Solís">Solis</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1994
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are available.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B358" refString="Soula, M, 2006. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2006">Soula (2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B360" refString="Soula, M, 2009. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: "Pelidnotina"). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: " Pelidnotina "). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B361" refString="Soula, M, 2010a. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: "Pelidnotina"). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: " Pelidnotina "). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2010 a">2010a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="Besoiro" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="11 - 12" refId="B362" refString="Soula, M, 2010b. Pelidnotopsis Ohaus, revalidation du genre. Besoiro 19: 11 - 12" title="Pelidnotopsis Ohaus, revalidation du genre." volume="19" year="2010 b">2010b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B364" refString="Soula, M, 2011. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) described 104 species and subspecies and provided difficult-to-use keys to many species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Research on
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and its allies was initiated by one of us in the 1990s (MLJ). This research, however, became intractable when Soula began describing many pelidnotine taxa and depositing type specimens in his private collection where they were not accessible to other scientists. Additionally, Soula created many new species for North American morphotypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. punctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. punctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see "
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota punctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota punctata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Linnaeus) species hypothesis and synonyms" below). A comprehensive revision of the genus and its allies is needed, including identification resources for all species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses are necessary to unravel the evolutionary and ecological patterns within this interesting group. For over a century, taxonomy and nomenclature of the genus has been mired with several genus-level nomenclatural and classification conflicts (F.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02746.x" author="Bates, F" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="249 - 276" refId="B7" refString="Bates, F, 1904. A revision of the sub-family Pelidnotinae of the coleopterous family Rutelidae, with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1904: 249 - 276, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02746.x" title="A revision of the sub-family Pelidnotinae of the coleopterous family Rutelidae, with descriptions of new genera and species." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1904.tb02746.x" volume="1904" year="1904">Bates 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 241" refId="B278" refString="Ohaus, F, 1918. Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus 20: 1 - 241" title="Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae." volume="20" year="1918">Ohaus 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">1934b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Machatschke, JW" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="157 - 158" refId="B187" refString="Machatschke, JW, 1970. Rutelinae (Col., Scarabaeidae): Synonymische Bemerkungen. The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 105: 157 - 158" title="Rutelinae (Col., Scarabaeidae): Synonymische Bemerkungen." volume="105" year="1970">Machatschke 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Machatschke, JW" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 361" refId="B188" refString="Machatschke, JW, 1972. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa 66: 1 - 361" title="Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae." volume="66" year="1972">1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Machatschke, JW" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="363 - 429" refId="B189" refString="Machatschke, JW, 1974. Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa 66: 363 - 429" title="Scarabaeoidea: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae." volume="66" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Krajcik, M" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B155" refString="Krajcik, M, 2008. Animma. X. Supplement 4. Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the World. 2. Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Second Edition. Plzen, 142 pp." title="Animma. X. Supplement 4. Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the World. 2. Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Second Edition. Plzen, 142 pp." year="2008">Krajcik 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Oezdikmen, H" journalOrPublisher="Munis Entomology and Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="139 - 147" refId="B293" refString="Oezdikmen, H, 2009. Nomenclatural changes for five preoccupied scarab beetle genus group names (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Munis Entomology and Zoology 4: 139 - 147" title="Nomenclatural changes for five preoccupied scarab beetle genus group names (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)." volume="4" year="2009">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Özdikmen">Oezdikmen</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2009
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B358" refString="Soula, M, 2006. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 1: Rutelini 1. Revision des Pelidnotina 1 et des Lasiocalina. Une revision des genres Strigidia, Chalcoplethis, Epichalcoplethis, Sorocha, Lasiocala, Minilasiocala, Pseudochlorota, Homeochlorota, Pachacama (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: Pelidnotina et Lasiocalina). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2006">Soula 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B360" refString="Soula, M, 2009. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: "Pelidnotina"). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 3: Rutelini 3. Revision des Pelidnotina 3. Photos de toutes les especes de Lagochile. Une revision des genres Pelidnota, Ectinoplectron, Pseudogeniates, Xenopelidnota (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: " Pelidnotina "). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2009">2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B361" refString="Soula, M, 2010a. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: "Pelidnotina"). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 4: Rutelini 4. Revision des Pelidnotina 4. Une revision des genres Catoclastus, Homonyx. Retour sur quelques especes ou groupe d'especes de Pelidnota. Addenda 2010. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini: " Pelidnotina "). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2010 a">2010a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B364" refString="Soula, M, 2011. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 5: Geniatini 1. Revision du genre Bolax (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelini: Geniatini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.377" author="Moore, MR" journalOrPublisher="The Coleopterists Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="377 - 387" refId="B226" refString="Moore, MR, Jameson, ML, 2013. Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 67: 377 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.377" title="Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini)." url="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X-67.3.377" volume="67" year="2013">Moore and Jameson 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Whereas the taxonomy and composition of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="(Pelidnota)" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota (Pelidnota)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pelidnota">Pelidnota (Pelidnota)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is stable (ICZN 2003) and fairly homogeneous, other genus-level names are much less stable, the composition unknown, and identification is problematic (including
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Chalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Epichalcoplethis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epichalcoplethis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epichalcoplethis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Strigidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Strigidia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Strigidia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Odontognathus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Odontognathus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Odontognathus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Ganonota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganonota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ganonota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Ohaus). It is possible that
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sensu lato</emphasis>
|
||||
includes several natural groups (=genera), but to truly unravel the group, an unabridged systematic revision (taxonomy, phylogeny) must be undertaken and the group must be examined within a broad context of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="tribe" tribe="Rutelini">Rutelini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Due to possible paraphyly, diagnosis of the genus is difficult. For most species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the pronotal basal bead is complete (obsolete in some); external margin of the mandible is bidentate; mesosternum with a transverse suture that separates the metasternum; prosternal projection more or less prominent and beaded; scutellum as wide as long; mesosternal projection not well-developed, not strongly produced anteriorly; elytral shoulder with a bead; metatrochanters sometimes protruding; claws simple in both sexes; male protarsal claw with or without inner tubercle; metatibia simple, gradually widening from base or corbeled.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="273 - 319" refId="B273" refString="Ohaus, F, 1912. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 73: 273 - 319" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X." volume="73" year="1912">Ohaus (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on one, unusual male specimen (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">Ohaus 1934b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Plate 2, Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Chrysina giesberti Monzon paratype male from MSPC. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, caudal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">11</figureCitation>
|
||||
) (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota kuhnti [Ohaus]) holotype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The color and form of the specimen (the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. kuhnti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[Ohaus] and the only known representative of the taxon) (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 72" captionStartId="F72" captionText="Figure 72. Heteropelidnota kuhnti Ohaus (valid name Pelidnota kuhnti [Ohaus]) holotype male from ZMHB. A Dorsal habitus B Lateral habitus C Specimen labels, mouthparts, and male genitalia D Male genitalia, lateral view E Male parameres, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.666.9191.figure72" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/130500" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">72</figureCitation>
|
||||
) was compared with individuals of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. aeruginosa subsp. var. var. citripennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="aeruginosa" subSpecies="var." variety="citripennis">P. aeruginosa var. citripennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(valid name
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. semiaurata subsp. citripennis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="semiaurata" subSpecies="citripennis">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. semiaurata citripennis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="273 - 319" refId="B273" refString="Ohaus, F, 1912. Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung 73: 273 - 319" title="Beitraege zur Kenntnis der Ruteliden, X." volume="73" year="1912">Ohaus 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Examination of this specimen reveals that it is an aberrant, teratological specimen (see discussion of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. kuhnti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in "Annotated Catalog"). In
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ohaus’">Ohaus'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1934b)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
discussion of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, he compared the genus with
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hoplopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hoplopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoplopelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xenopelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, both of which possess a dense row of setae near the ventral apex of the elytra.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B286" refString="Ohaus, F, 1934b. Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T.1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199A: 1-172." title="Coleopteralamellicornia, Fam. Scarabaeidae, Subfam. Rutelinae. T. 1: Tribus Rutelini. Genera Insectorum Fasc. 199 A: 1 - 172." year="1934 b">Ohaus (1934b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
stated that
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hoplopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hoplopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hoplopelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="F. Bates" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenopelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xenopelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xenopelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differ from
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the bidentate mandible and produced mesometasternal peg. It should be noted that the dense row of setae on the ventral side of the elytra is observed within many rutelines, but the position (subapically, anteapically, apically) and the density of setae varies widely. The function of this character is unknown (possibly functioning in flight or preventing water loss) and should be investigated. Ohaus included a new species in the genus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cribrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. cribrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Ohaus), and he transferred
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota rostrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota rostrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Burmeister (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Ohaus, F" journalOrPublisher="Coleopterorum Catalogus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 241" refId="B278" refString="Ohaus, F, 1918. Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae. Coleopterorum Catalogus 20: 1 - 241" title="Scarabaeidae: Euchirinae, Phaenomerinae, Rutelinae." volume="20" year="1918">Ohaus 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) to the genus.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Martinez, A" journalOrPublisher="Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="145 - 154" refId="B203" refString="Martinez, A, 1967. Notas coleopterologicas XI: Comentarios sobre el genero Heteropelidnota Ohaus, con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae). Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 183: 145 - 154" title="Notas coleopterologicas XI: Comentarios sobre el genero Heteropelidnota Ohaus, con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae)." volume="183" year="1967">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1967)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ustarani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustarani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ustarani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), also including it in the genus. After examination of the species included in the genus and based on lack of sufficient
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“collective”">"collective"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
characters that support the genus,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">Soula (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
transferred
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cribrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cribrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. cribrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ustarani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustarani">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ustarani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rostrata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rostrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">Soula 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, he retained
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. kuhnti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the genus based on its many
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“singularities.”">"singularities."</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Indeed,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Soula, M" journalOrPublisher="AECFT, Saintry" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B359" refString="Soula, M, 2008. Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale. AECFT, Saintry" title="Les Coleopteres du Nouveau Monde. Volume 2: Rutelini 2. Revision des Pelidnotina 2. Revision des genres: Parhoplognathus, Chipita n. gen., Heteropelidnota, Homothermon, Hoplopelidnota, Mesomerodon, Mecopelidnota, Patatra n. gen. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini). Besoiro: Supplement au Bulletin de liaison de l'Association Entomologique pour la Connaissance de la Faune Tropicale." year="2008">Soula (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
also seemed to imply that
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. kuhnti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kuhnti">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. kuhnti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was a member of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Herein, we consider
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ohaus" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Heteropelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteropelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Heteropelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
a new
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">junior synonym</emphasis>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Lacking certainty of the species association due to the extreme deformities, we retain the species name and transfer the species to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Pelidnota" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pelidnota" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pelidnota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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