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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30d1c76a-41e1-4f66-9fb5-460bf381f752" ID-PMC="PMC5711039" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-700-1" ID-PubMed="29358897" ID-ZBK="EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-700-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 700" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1506009303549" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Heterick, Brian E., Castalanelli, Mark &amp; Shattuck, Steve O." docDate="2017" docId="A8281BBA54504F873C91AF1970BCC8F2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 700: 1-420" docOrigin="ZooKeys 700" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" docTitle="Melophorus minimus Heterick, Castalanelli &amp; Shattuck, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="D717B6CC-1649-43A0-A425-735EF1394368" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="184" masterDocId="FF93E60CA711CB7BFF95D521FFFDFF9A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="182" updateTime="1668164819442" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Heterick, Brian E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Castalanelli, Mark</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Shattuck, Steve O.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>700</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>420</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-700-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150814481" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D717B6CC-1649-43A0-A425-735EF1394368" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8281BBA54504F873C91AF1970BCC8F2" lastPageId="183" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
<subSubSection pageId="181" pageNumber="182" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/D717B6CC-1649-43A0-A425-735EF1394368" authority="Heterick, Castalanelli &amp; Shattuck" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Melophorus minimus Heterick, Castalanelli &amp; Shattuck</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="181" pageNumber="182">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="181" pageNumber="182" type="types">
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
Holotype minor worker (bottom ant) from St George ('Saint
<normalizedToken originalValue="George’">George'</normalizedToken>
-sic), Queensland, 14 January 1965, B.B. Lowery, sav. Woodland, ANIC Ants Vial 20.215 [ANIC32-900133] (ANIC). Paratypes: 2 minor workers on same pin and with same details as holotype (ANIC); minor worker from 50 km E of Cunnamulla, Queensland, 17 September 1976, P.J.
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="181" pageNumber="182" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
Greenslade, (9), 21 [ANIC32-900132] (BMNH); 3 minor workers on separate pin with same details as holotype (MCZ); minor worker from Milang Conservation Park, Koonamore, South Australia, 24 February 1973, P.J.
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="181" pageNumber="182" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
Greenslade, (8),
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="181" pageNumber="182" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
sp. 34) (SAM); major and 2 minor workers from Tropicana Minesite
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-29.26111">29°15'40&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="124.59722">124°35'50&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, Western Australia, January 2009, J. Summerhayes, pitfall trap
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casuarina" order="Fagales" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Casuarina</taxonomicName>
, CA 1:5 [JDM32-005036] (WAM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<pageBreakToken pageId="182" pageNumber="183" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
material examined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
New South Wales: Warialda (Oliver, T.). Queensland:
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Merigol’">'Merigol'</normalizedToken>
(Beutel, T.) (QM), Tindaree via Tara (House, A &amp; Brown, S.) (QM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Melophorus minimus</taxonomicName>
can be placed in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. biroi" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" rank="species" species="biroi">M. biroi</taxonomicName>
species-group on the basis of characters of the clypeus, propodeum, mandible and palps. The species is placed in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. biroi" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" rank="species" species="biroi">M. biroi</taxonomicName>
species-complex on the basis of a further suite of characters (viz, metatibia of major worker with only one preapical spur [except rarely in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="mjobergi" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" rank="species" species="mjobergi">mjobergi</taxonomicName>
clade]; clypeal psammophore placed anteriorly at or just above anterior margin of clypeus in the minor worker and often in the major worker; head dorsoventrally compressed to varying degrees in the minor worker of most species with the eyes placed high on the sides; compact legs, and small body size [excluding
<taxonomicName lsidName="mjobergi" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" rank="species" species="mjobergi">mjobergi</taxonomicName>
clade]; HW of smallest minor 0.36 mm, average HW of smallest minors 0.46 mm; HW of largest known major 1.29 mm, average HW of largest majors [where known] 1.05 mm).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Melophorus minimus</taxonomicName>
is the tiniest
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melophorus</taxonomicName>
with a head width of 0.47 mm in one measured major worker. Apart from minute size, the minor worker of this species has a distinctive profile with a strongly truncate, cuboidal propodeum that descends into its declivitous face at an angle approaching ninety degrees. The minor worker eye is large (EI 40-41) and the antennal scape is shorter than in most
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melophorus</taxonomicName>
(SI as little as 94). The mesosoma and first gastral tergite are always glabrous. The size of the major worker alone is sufficient to identify it, but its large eye combined with its smooth, glabrous mesosoma also separate it from other small
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melophorus</taxonomicName>
major workers in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. biroi" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" rank="species" species="biroi">M. biroi</taxonomicName>
species-complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="183" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Minor worker description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="183" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
Head. Head approximately oval with straight sides; posterior margin of head planar to strongly convex; frons shining with superficial shagreenation or microreticulation only; frons consisting exclusively or almost exclusively of well-spaced, appressed setae only (small, erect setae, if present, usually confined to ocular triangle or posterior margin of head). Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of side of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set at about midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical or slightly reniform. In full-face view, frontal carinae concave; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anteromedial clypeal margin broadly and evenly convex; clypeal psammophore set at or just above anterior clypeal margin; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in minor worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately vertical or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining and mainly smooth, vestigial shagreenation most noticeable on humeri and mesopleuron; anterior mesosoma in profile weakly elevated anteriad, thereafter gently sinuate, pronotum and mesonotum on same plane; erect pronotal setae absent; in profile, metanotal groove a weak or vestigial furrow; propodeum shining and shagreenate; propodeum angulate, propodeal angle blunt; length ratio of propodeal dorsum to its declivity about1:1; erect propodeal setae always absent; appressed propodeal setulae sparse or absent, if present then not regularly spaced; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and longer (length ≥ 0.50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile,
<pageBreakToken pageId="183" pageNumber="184" start="start">petiolar</pageBreakToken>
node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded; node shining and smooth with vestigial sculpture. Gaster. Gaster shining, shagreenate ('LP
<normalizedToken originalValue="record’">record'</normalizedToken>
appearance); pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of well-spaced short, inconspicuous, appressed setae only, erect setae always absent. General characters. Colour mainly concolorous brown; mesonotum may be orange tan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="183" pageNumber="184" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">Major worker description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
Head. Head square; posterior margin of head planar; cuticle of frons shining and smooth except for piliferous pits and a few striolae around antennal insertions and frontal carinae; frons consisting exclusively or almost exclusively of well-spaced, appressed setae only (small, erect setae, if present, usually confined to ocular triangle or posterior margin of head). Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set at about midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical, or roughly ovoid, eye narrowed posteriad. In full-face view, frontal carinae straight, divergent posteriad; frontal lobes curved towards antennal insertion. Anterior clypeal margin broadly and evenly convex; clypeal psammophore set below midpoint of clypeus; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in major worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately aligned vertically or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. with weak to moderate sheen and superficial microreticulation; anterior mesosoma in profile broadly convex; erect pronotal setae absent; in profile, metanotal groove a narrow but deep slit; propodeum shining and superficially microreticulate; propodeum smoothly rounded; propodeal dorsum and declivity confluent; erect propodeal setae absent; appressed propodeal setae sparse or absent, if present then not regularly spaced; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and shorter (length less than 0.50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node tapered with blunt vertex; node shining and smooth with vestigial microreticulation. Gaster. Gaster shining, shagreenate ('LP
<normalizedToken originalValue="record’">record'</normalizedToken>
appearance); pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of short, well-spaced appressed setae only. General characters. Colour dark brown, lateral mesonotum lighter in colour.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="183" pageNumber="184" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">Measurements.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">Worker (n = 4): CI 88-96; EI 40-41; EL 0.14-0.17; HL 0.37-0.44; HW 0.33-0.47; ML 0.43-0.55; MTL 0.23-0.28; PpH 0.06-0.06; PpL 0.19-0.24; SI 94-104; SL 0.34-0.39.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="183" pageNumber="184" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
With a total length of only around one millimetre, the minor workers of this species are probably the smallest
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melophorus</taxonomicName>
and are likely ecological competitors with small
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Monomorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monomorium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Monomorium</taxonomicName>
of the same dimensions. At present the species is known from a handful of records from arid and semi-arid NSW (TERC), QLD, SA and WA, but it has probably been overlooked in other mainland states because of its minute size. This species can be identified by a combination of its small size, short antennal scape, glossy appearance, anteriorly located clypeal psammophore, and square propodeum. No specimens were available for sequencing. Recorded habits are remnant brigalow, savanna woodland and mulga. Specimens from Merigol Station, QLD and Tindaree via Tara, QLD were pitfall-trapped but there are no other data.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="183" pageNumber="184" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
Latin (dim.)
<taxonomicName lsidName="minimus" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" rank="species" species="minimus">minimus</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘least’">'least'</normalizedToken>
); adjective in the nominative singular.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
<paragraph pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
Figure 43.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus minimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">Melophorus minimus</taxonomicName>
sp. n.: major worker paratype (JDM32- 005036-top ant) frons (a), profile (b) and dorsum (c); minor worker holotype (ANIC32-900133-bottom ant) frons (d), profile (e) and dorsum (f); distribution map for the species (g). Low resolution scale bars: 0.5 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="d–f">d-f</normalizedToken>
); 0.2 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–c">a-c</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="AAF56DF5F27B3155B9C20944B36E89F2" ID-CLB-Dataset="54197" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5244.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="07a94daf-bdce-4614-af45-845fe1753862" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7663560" ID-ZooBank="B08C1F72-7AB7-4455-B0E5-3A901F31C55E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677050994355" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cejp, Benjamin, Jimi, Naoto &amp; Aguado, M. Teresa" docDate="2023" docId="A8288798FFE40F05FF4F30EEFDCFF895" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5244.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5244 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5244.4.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Clavisyllis tenjini Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado 2023, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="1C2434F6-71CD-49D8-A512-2EABE3B01F62" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="352" masterDocId="5411FFE0FFED0F0EFFD83079FF98FF83" masterDocTitle="Another piece for the syllid puzzle: A new species from Japan and its mitochondrial genome reveal the enigmatic Clavisyllis (Phyllodocida: Syllidae) as a member of Eusyllinae" masterLastPageNumber="360" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="350" updateTime="1699475631605" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:affiliation id="8F2DC2DD2D91223FDAA38C29F47A82A9">Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, 55128, Germany (current). https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3166 - 9781 &amp; Biodiversitätsmuseum, Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology &amp; Anthropology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, 37073, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:url id="B824EFEF23BAD7964959342095B74094">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5244.4.2</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="F66679C1E2B65FFDA8B0206D569E9C6A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="231A9A0F0A9B32EA2235C2FBACC6B975" type="CLB-Dataset">54197</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="07714FB628233814719E43E8FBC341CB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5244.4.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="84D253C2B8E98F0943C87BF19BDD5E97" type="Zenodo-Dep">7663560</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E54D3C11F5C6ABB4DB1FD593593A9649" type="ZooBank">B08C1F72-7AB7-4455-B0E5-3A901F31C55E</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A8288798FFE40F05FF4F30EEFDCFF895" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663536" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209339421" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7663536" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1C2434F6-71CD-49D8-A512-2EABE3B01F62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8288798FFE40F05FF4F30EEFDCFF895" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="352" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE40F07FF4F30EEFE0CFF56" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF4F30EEFE2AFF32" blockId="9.[151,434,151,249]" box="[151,434,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<heading id="7B7681E2FFE40F07FF4F30EEFE2AFF32" bold="true" box="[151,434,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF4F30EEFE2AFF32" bold="true" box="[151,434,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FF4F30EEFEF0FF32" ID-CoL="30129a25-7bab-4ab5-a281-f9439419cbac" authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,360,151,178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF4F30EEFEF0FF32" bold="true" box="[151,360,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Clavisyllis tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09C657E7FFE40F07FEA830EEFE2AFF32" box="[368,434,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF4F30C2FE0CFF56" blockId="9.[151,434,151,249]" box="[151,404,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<heading id="7B7681E2FFE40F07FF4F30C2FE0CFF56" bold="true" box="[151,404,187,213]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF4F30C2FE0CFF56" bold="true" box="[151,404,187,213]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Cejp, Jimi &amp; Aguado</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE40F07FF4F30A6FE98FF7A" box="[151,256,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="description">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF4F30A6FE98FF7A" blockId="9.[151,434,151,249]" box="[151,256,223,249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FF4F30A6FE98FF7A" box="[151,256,223,249]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStart-4="FIGURE 7" captionStart-5="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1429,1453]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionStartId-3="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionStartId-4="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-5="16.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox-0="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetBox-3="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetBox-4="[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-5="[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetId-0="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@11.[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetId-2="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId-3="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetId-4="figure-18@15.[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetId-5="figure-26@16.[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionTargetPageId-4="15" captionTargetPageId-5="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. anterior end, dorsal view; B. nuchal organs; C. anterior nuchal extensions; D. anterior end." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." captionText-4="FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. modified notopodia with natatory chaeta and dorsal cirri; B. dorsal cirri; C. anterior half, complete lateral view; D. posterior half, lateral view; E. body surface with bundles of cilia; F. posterior end." captionText-5="FIGURE 8. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A, B, D. chaetae of anterior segments; C. parapodium of anterior segment (not modified and without natatory chaetae)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663568" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663574" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663576" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7663568/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7663574/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7663576/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 3–8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE40F07FF4F315EFCB1FE09" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF4F315EFCB1FE09" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF4F315EFE12FEC2" bold="true" box="[151,394,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Material examined:</emphasis>
Four specimens:
<materialsCitation id="90E93CD3FFE40F07FDBD315EFC25FEC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4035847303" box="[613,957,295,321]" collectingDate="2015-05-24" collectionCode="MNCN, ZMUG" country="Japan" latitude="27.094362" location="Ogasawara Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.19511" municipality="Chichijima Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01, ZMUG 30258" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="holotype">
NSMT-Pol H-901 (
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FC92315EFC2AFEC2" box="[842,946,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="90E93CD3FFE40F07FC14315EFAA2FEC2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4035847301" box="[972,1338,295,321]" collectingDate="2015-05-24" collectionCode="MNCN, ZMUG" country="Japan" latitude="27.094362" location="Ogasawara Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.19511" municipality="Chichijima Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01, ZMUG 30258" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
NSMT-Pol P-902 (
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FB74315EFA96FEC2" box="[1196,1294,295,321]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
1),
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="90E93CD3FFE40F07FA90315EFE21FEE6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4035847302" collectingDate="2015-05-24" collectionCode="MNCN, ZMUG" country="Japan" latitude="27.094362" location="Ogasawara Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.19511" municipality="Chichijima Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01, ZMUG 30258" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70279EF5FFE40F07FA90315EFF4CFEE6" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="Museum">MNCN 16.01</specimenCode>
/17366 (
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FEEA3132FE0CFEE6" box="[306,404,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
2);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="90E93CD3FFE40F07FE673132FCBDFE09" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4035847304" collectingDate="2015-05-24" collectionCode="MNCN, ZMUG" country="Japan" latitude="27.094362" location="Ogasawara Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.19511" municipality="Chichijima Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" specimenCode="MNCN 16.01, ZMUG 30258" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="70279EF5FFE40F07FE673132FDC6FEE5" box="[447,606,331,358]" collectionCode="ZMUG" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/dcif-mx0c" name="Zoologisches Museum der Universitat Gottingen" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">ZMUG 30258</specimenCode>
(
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FDB43132FD56FEE6" box="[620,718,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
3).
<collectingCountry id="5896761EFFE40F07FD203135FCA3FEE5" box="[760,827,332,358]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="255E6055FFE40F07FC9D3132FB82FEE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A8288798FFE40F05FF4F30EEFDCFF895:255E6055FFE40F07FC9D3132FB82FEE6" box="[837,1050,331,357]" country="Japan" latitude="27.094362" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="142.19511" municipality="Chichijima Island" name="Ogasawara Islands" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Ogasawara Islands</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="C05AACF4FFE40F07FBFC3132FB76FEE6" box="[1060,1262,331,357]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Chichijima Island</collectingMunicipality>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="45B55049FFE40F07FAD83134FA04FEEB" box="[1280,1436,333,360]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" precision="1" seconds="39.7" value="27.094362">27°05′39.7″N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="45B55049FFE40F07FF4F3108FEA7FE0F" box="[151,319,369,396]" degrees="142" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" precision="1" seconds="42.4" value="142.19511">142°11′42.4″E</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingMethod id="F9C04E99FFE40F07FE8B3116FE23FE09" box="[339,443,367,394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">light trap</collectingMethod>
, coll. NJ by hand,
<date id="543F104EFFE40F07FD543116FCBDFE09" box="[652,805,367,394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" value="2015-05-24">
<collectingDate id="447BE9A6FFE40F07FD543116FCBDFE09" box="[652,805,367,394]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" value="2015-05-24">24 May 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE40F07FF1F31EAFBAAFA66" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="description">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF1F31EAFE36FDBE" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF1F31EAFEC3FE2E" bold="true" box="[199,347,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Description:</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FEBB31EAFE53FE2E" box="[355,459,403,429]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(NSMT-Pol H-901) 13,6 mm long, 62 chaetigers.
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FBD331EDFBF5FE2D" box="[1035,1133,404,430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
1 (NSMT-Pol P-902) 14,4 mm long, 62 chaetigers.
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FE6131C1FD83FE51" box="[441,539,440,466]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
2 (incomplete) 11,2 mm long, 55 chaetigers (about 8–10 additional posterior chaetigers were used for molecular analyses; MNCN 16.01/17366).
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FC4731A5FB99FE75" box="[927,1025,476,502]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
3 cut in half and prepared for SEM (ZMUG 30258) (anterior part ca. 3,3 mm, ~21 chaetigers; posterior part 4,1 mm, ~26 chaetigers; overall around 7,4 mm and ~47 chaetigers).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF1F323EFDECFD71" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
Body broad, elongated, dorsally arched (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD41323EFD6EFDE2" box="[665,758,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Dorsal surface of anterior segments with bunches of cilia (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FF473212FE87FD06" box="[159,287,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. anterior end, dorsal view; B. nuchal organs; C. anterior nuchal extensions; D. anterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663568/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs 4A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FEF33212FED6FD06" box="[299,334,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. modified notopodia with natatory chaeta and dorsal cirri; B. dorsal cirri; C. anterior half, complete lateral view; D. posterior half, lateral view; E. body surface with bundles of cilia; F. posterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663574/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">7E</figureCitation>
). Dorsal side covered at the sides with ovoid to round dorsal cirri, leaving an uncovered space in the middle along the anterior-posterior axis (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD4932F6FCA3FD2A" box="[657,827,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 3A, C–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FC9F32F6FC14FD29" box="[839,908,655,682]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">5A–F</figureCitation>
). From dorsal, parapodia are visible where not covered by dorsal cirri. Colour of in 70% ethanol preserved specimens white, eyes red, tips of many dorsal cirri bright yellow-orange (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FE4A32AEFD80FD72" box="[402,536,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 3A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FDFC32AEFDF0FD71" box="[548,616,727,754]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">5A–F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF1F3282FBAAFA66" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
Prostomium rounded, with four eyes arranged in a rectangle (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FCBE3282FC5EFC96" box="[870,966,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FC083282FB8DFC95" box="[976,1045,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">5A–B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FBC73282FBDCFC96" box="[1055,1092,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">6A</figureCitation>
). Two palps inserting ventrally, fused at the base. Two papillae at the anterior side of the base of the palps (ventral prostomial papillae in
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FAD43366FA09FCBA" box="[1292,1425,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 6A–B</figureCitation>
). Antennae lost in
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FE8E333AFE23FCDE" box="[342,443,835,861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, antennophores of lateral antennae above the papillae, between the anterior eyes, median antennophore in the middle between the posterior eyes (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FCD4331EFC0BFC02" box="[780,915,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 6A–B</figureCitation>
). Antennae of
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FBED3311FB0DFC01" box="[1077,1173,872,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
2 large and ovoid (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FAB7331EFF25FC25" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
); no antennae preserved in other specimens. Two ovate projections emerging laterally from the prostomium, at the level between anterior and posterior eyes (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD4533D6FCBCFC4A" box="[669,804,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 6A–B</figureCitation>
). Lateral projections as long as antennae but thinner and without antennophore. Nuchal organs long, sinuous, reaching parallelly until the 7
<superScript id="D7F49BC6FFE40F07FB9233AAFBCFFC62" attach="left" box="[1098,1111,979,993]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">th</superScript>
chaetiger on the dorsal side (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FF47338EFE9CFB92" box="[159,260,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 3D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FEC8338EFEAEFB92" box="[272,310,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. anterior end, dorsal view; B. nuchal organs; C. anterior nuchal extensions; D. anterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663568/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">4A</figureCitation>
), strongly ciliated and attached to the dorsal surface (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FC57338EFB8CFB92" box="[911,1044,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1429,1453]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[151,1436,181,1406]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. anterior end, dorsal view; B. nuchal organs; C. anterior nuchal extensions; D. anterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663568/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 4B, C</figureCitation>
). Dorsally, two anterior extensions of the nuchal organs emerge (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FE063462FDFAFBB6" box="[478,610,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 3A–B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FDB43462FD6AFBB5" box="[620,754,1051,1078]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">5A–B, D–E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD243462FCDCFBB6" box="[764,836,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">6A–B</figureCitation>
). Nuchal extensions in shape and size similar to palps, with pointy tips. Lateral projections and nuchal extensions of
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FC8A3439FC2AFBD9" box="[850,946,1088,1114]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
2 smaller than in the other specimens (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FAB73446FF25FBFD" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetId="figure-26@12.[151,1436,181,1854]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 5. A. Paratype 2, anterior end; B. Paratype 1, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 1, anterior end, lateral view; E. Paratype 1, anterior dorsal view; F. holotype, complete specimen. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663570" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663570/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). Two pairs of ovoid to balloon-like tentacular cirri. Dorsal cirri shaped the same way as tentacular cirri. Cirri of
<typeStatus id="FF3A882CFFE40F07FF4F34F1FF6FFB21" box="[151,247,1160,1186]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
1 smaller than those of other specimens (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD1434FEFCBFFB22" box="[716,807,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-26@10.[176,1411,181,1884]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. A. Paratype 1, complete dorsal view; B. Holotype, anterior end; C. Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view; D. Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Surface of dorsal cirri with a reticulate pattern. Dorsal cirri inserting alternately more dorsally and more ventrally on the side of each segment (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FB8734D2FB7BFB46" box="[1119,1251,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. modified notopodia with natatory chaeta and dorsal cirri; B. dorsal cirri; C. anterior half, complete lateral view; D. posterior half, lateral view; E. body surface with bundles of cilia; F. posterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663574/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 7A, D</figureCitation>
). Parapodia with distinct upper lobe and ventral cirrus ovoid in shape, slightly larger than dorsal lobe (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FB9634B6FB28FB6A" box="[1102,1200,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 6C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FB6434B6FB46FB6A" box="[1212,1246,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-26@16.[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A, B, D. chaetae of anterior segments; C. parapodium of anterior segment (not modified and without natatory chaetae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663576/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">8C</figureCitation>
), between which bundles of chaetae emerge (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FE0C348AFDB6FA8E" box="[468,558,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-26@16.[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A, B, D. chaetae of anterior segments; C. parapodium of anterior segment (not modified and without natatory chaetae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663576/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
). Number of chaetae per bundle around
<quantity id="E7799B6BFFE40F07FC21348AFBC5FA8E" box="[1017,1117,1267,1294]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" unit="in" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 in</quantity>
the anterior part, increasing towards the mid-body. Chaetae compound, heterogomph falcigers (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FC5A356EFB92FAB2" box="[898,1034,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-26@16.[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A, B, D. chaetae of anterior segments; C. parapodium of anterior segment (not modified and without natatory chaetae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663576/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 8A–D</figureCitation>
). Bidentate blades with teeth similar in size and shape. Cutting edge with spines; basal spines short, spines in the middle of the edge long, exceeding the tip of the blade. Blades all similar in length (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD653526FCB9FAFA" box="[701,801,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,967,991]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,181,939]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,943]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Drawing of the anterior end of the holotype with indicated structures; B. SEM picture of the anterior end of paratype 3. Highlighted structures: orange—nuchal extensions, green—lateral projections, violet—palps, blue—papillae, yellow—antennophores; C. Midbody parapodium, anterior view; D. Midbody chaetae. Scales C: 100 um, D. 20 um." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663572" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663572/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 6D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FCF63526FCEDFAFA" box="[814,885,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetId="figure-26@16.[151,1436,181,1385]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A, B, D. chaetae of anterior segments; C. parapodium of anterior segment (not modified and without natatory chaetae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663576/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">8A–B</figureCitation>
). Two pointed acicula per parapodium. From the 11
<superScript id="D7F49BC6FFE40F07FF6A35FAFF27FA12" attach="left" box="[178,191,1411,1425]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">th</superScript>
chaetiger until the end, parapodia strongly enlarged notopodium lobes with additional natatory simple chaetae (epigamic reproductive modifications) (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FD8B35DEFD41FA42" box="[595,729,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. modified notopodia with natatory chaeta and dorsal cirri; B. dorsal cirri; C. anterior half, complete lateral view; D. posterior half, lateral view; E. body surface with bundles of cilia; F. posterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663574/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Figs. 7C–D</figureCitation>
). Proventricle 6 to 7 segments long, beginning in chaetiger 5–7. Pharyngeal tooth and/or trepan not seen. Pygidium with two cirrophores (
<figureCitation id="B8BA2A0BFFE40F07FC1735B2FBBCFA66" box="[975,1060,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[176,1412,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. SEM pictures of paratype 3. A. modified notopodia with natatory chaeta and dorsal cirri; B. dorsal cirri; C. anterior half, complete lateral view; D. posterior half, lateral view; E. body surface with bundles of cilia; F. posterior end." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663574" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663574/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE40F07FF1F3596FCC3F9F6" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF1F3596FCF0F989" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" box="[199,872,1519,1546]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF1F3596FEFBF98A" bold="true" box="[199,355,1519,1545]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Distribution:</emphasis>
Chichijima Island, Ogasawara Islands,
<collectingCountry id="5896761EFFE40F07FCF83589FCFBF989" box="[800,867,1520,1546]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF1F366AFCC3F9F6" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF1F366AFEEDF9AE" bold="true" box="[199,373,1555,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Reproduction:</emphasis>
All
<specimenCount id="3687FD07FFE40F07FE7C366AFDD6F9AE" box="[420,590,1555,1581]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
show strongly modified midbody-posterior parapodia with natatory chaetae (elongated simple notochaetae), indicating the individuals were in reproductive state at the time of sampling. This provides evidence for an epigamic reproduction in this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE40F05FF1F3606FEA8F94D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="352" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE40F07FF1F3606FE46F816" blockId="9.[151,1437,295,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FF1F3606FEA5F91A" bold="true" box="[199,317,1663,1689]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Remarks:</emphasis>
The characteristic ovoid, balloon like dorsal cirri with alternating insertion points are shared between all three species of
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FEAC36DAFE72F93E" authorityName="Knox. Herein" authorityYear="1957" box="[372,490,1699,1725]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FEAC36DAFE72F93E" box="[372,490,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Clavisyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The new species is larger than
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FC8036DDFBEAF93E" authority="(Watson 2009)" baseAuthorityName="Watson" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[856,1138,1699,1726]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="yongei">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FC8036DDFC5CF93E" box="[856,964,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">C. yongei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="44104B7FFFE40F07FC0B36DAFBF3F93E" author="Watson, C." box="[979,1131,1699,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" pagination="77 - 84" refId="ref10838" refString="Watson, C. (2009) A New Species of Clavisyllis Knox, 1957 (Polychaeta: Syllidae): A Genus with the Unusual Distribution of New Zealand and the Great Barrier Reef, Northern Queensland, Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 25, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="2009">Watson 2009</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and roughly as long as
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FA5B36DDFF66F962" authorityName="Knox" authorityYear="1957" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alternata">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FA5B36DDFF66F962" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">C. alternata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with approximately the same number of segments (
<bibRefCitation id="44104B7FFFE40F07FC8E36BEFB38F962" author="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G." box="[854,1184,1735,1761]" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref8744" refString="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G. (2008) Re-description of some enigmatic genera of Syllidae (Phyllodocida: Polychaeta). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531540800026 X" type="journal article" year="2008">Aguado &amp; San Martín 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FB6D36BEFAE5F962" authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[1205,1405,1735,1761]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FB6D36BEFAE5F962" box="[1205,1405,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Clavisyllis tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FA5E36BEFF20F886" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09C657E7FFE40F07FA5E36BEFF20F886" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
also shares the shape of nuchal epaulettes with
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FD363695FCE1F886" authorityName="Knox" authorityYear="1957" box="[750,889,1771,1798]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alternata">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FD363695FCE1F886" box="[750,889,1771,1798]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">C. alternata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, lacking however the unique and characteristic nuchal cirrus of the latter. Exclusive to the new species are the prominent nuchal extensions on the anterior end of the epaulettes, as well as lateral projections emerging from the sides of the prostomium. These morphological differences, together with the occurrence more than
<quantity id="E7799B6BFFE40F07FD3C372EFCD0F8F2" box="[740,840,1879,1906]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" unit="km" value="4500.0">4500 km</quantity>
far from the other
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE40F07FBC7372EFB0DF8F2" authorityName="Knox. Herein" authorityYear="1957" box="[1055,1173,1879,1905]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="350" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE40F07FBC7372EFB0DF8F2" box="[1055,1173,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="350">Clavisyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurrences justify the designation to a new species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="74FE6606FFE70F04FF4F370DFEC8F87A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663566" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7663566" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663566/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="351" startId="10.[151,250,1908,1932]" targetBox="[176,1411,181,1884]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE70F04FF4F370DFEC8F87A" blockId="10.[151,1437,1908,2041]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE70F04FF4F370DFEA0F80F" bold="true" box="[151,312,1908,1932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">FIGURE 3. A.</emphasis>
Paratype 1, complete dorsal view;
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE70F04FD68370CFD5FF80E" bold="true" box="[688,711,1909,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">B.</emphasis>
Holotype, anterior end;
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE70F04FC14370DFC7CF80F" bold="true" box="[972,996,1908,1932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">C.</emphasis>
Paratype 2, anterior end, lateral view;
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE70F04FA5C370CFA04F80E" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1909,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="351">D.</emphasis>
Paratype 2, anterior end, dorsal view. Visible structures are labelled: a = antennae, dc = dorsal cirrus with coloured tip, lp = lateral projetions, mnp = modified notopodium, nex = nuchal extensions, snc = natatory notochaetae, snl = sinuous nuchal lappets, p = palps.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="74FE6606FFE60F05FF4F35ECFE80FA51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7663568" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7663568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7663568/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" startId="11.[151,250,1429,1453]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1406]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE60F05FF4F35ECFE80FA51" blockId="11.[151,1436,1429,1490]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FF4F35ECFE8DFA2E" bold="true" box="[151,277,1429,1453]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
SEM pictures of paratype 3.
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FD9735ECFDFFFA2E" bold="true" box="[591,615,1429,1453]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">A.</emphasis>
anterior end, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FC5C35EFFC02FA2D" bold="true" box="[900,922,1430,1454]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">B.</emphasis>
nuchal organs;
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FB9B35ECFBC4FA2E" bold="true" box="[1091,1116,1429,1453]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">C.</emphasis>
anterior nuchal extensions;
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FA5C35EFFA04FA2D" bold="true" box="[1412,1436,1430,1454]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">D.</emphasis>
anterior end.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE60F05FF1F3679FEA8F94D" blockId="11.[151,1437,1536,1814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">
The presence of a pharyngeal tooth and/or trepan could not be assessed since the specimens were not dissected. There are currently very few
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE60F05FE3C365DFDC2F9BD" authorityName="Knox. Herein" authorityYear="1957" box="[484,602,1572,1598]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FE3C365DFDC2F9BD" box="[484,602,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">Clavisyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens available: one for
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE60F05FC76365DFBAFF9BD" authorityName="Knox" authorityYear="1957" box="[942,1079,1572,1598]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alternata">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FC76365DFBAFF9BD" box="[942,1079,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">C. alternata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, one for
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE60F05FB47365DFA94F9BD" baseAuthorityName="Watson" baseAuthorityYear="2009" box="[1183,1292,1572,1598]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="yongei">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FB47365DFA94F9BD" box="[1183,1292,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">C. yongei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and four for
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE60F05FF4F3631FE98F9E1" authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,256,1608,1634]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FF4F3631FE98F9E1" box="[151,256,1608,1634]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">C. tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FEDF3631FEDEF9E1" bold="true" box="[263,326,1608,1634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09C657E7FFE60F05FEDF3631FEDEF9E1" box="[263,326,1608,1634]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(one not complete, another prepared for SEM). The presence/absence of a pharyngeal tooth and/or a trepan would not influence the description of
<taxonomicName id="E7814D0DFFE60F05FD683615FC82F905" authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[688,794,1644,1670]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FD683615FC82F905" box="[688,794,1644,1670]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">C. tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FCF93615FCF9F905" bold="true" box="[801,865,1644,1670]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="09C657E7FFE60F05FCF93615FCF9F905" box="[801,865,1644,1670]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
as a new species. Hence, we preferred to keep the anterior end of the specimens with all its unique characteristics (lateral projections and dorsal nuchal extensions) not dissected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="689B6505FFE60F05FF1F36A1FDCFF895" pageId="11" pageNumber="352" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="203E368EFFE60F05FF1F36A1FDCFF895" blockId="11.[151,1437,1536,1814]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FF1F36A1FED0F971" bold="true" box="[199,328,1752,1778]" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">Etymology</emphasis>
: The species name is dedicated to Tenjin (
<emphasis id="12F5EA9CFFE60F05FCFF36A0FCC7F973" box="[807,863,1753,1776]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">RDz</emphasis>
), the patron or deity (kami) of academics, scholars and learners in Shinto religion of
<collectingCountry id="5896761EFFE60F05FDC83685FDCBF895" box="[528,595,1788,1814]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="352">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

183
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<mods:title>Another piece for the syllid puzzle: A new species from Japan and its mitochondrial genome reveal the enigmatic Clavisyllis (Phyllodocida: Syllidae) as a member of Eusyllinae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Cejp, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, 55128, Germany (current). https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3166 - 9781 &amp; Biodiversitätsmuseum, Animal Evolution and Biodiversity, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology &amp; Anthropology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, 37073, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Jimi, Naoto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory, Toba, Sugashima, 517 - 0004, Japan. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8586 - 3320 &amp; Centre for Marine &amp; Coastal Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 1180 USM, Penang, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Aguado, M. Teresa</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,512,1020,1047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
Genus
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="84NMG" authority="Knox, 1957" authorityName="Knox. Herein" authorityYear="1957" box="[238,512,1020,1047]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[238,362,1020,1047]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Knox, G. A." box="[370,512,1020,1047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="493 - 496" refId="ref9397" refString="Knox, G. A. (1957) Clavisyllis alternata, gen. et sp. nov., a new polychaete from New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 493 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708655989" type="journal article" year="1957">Knox, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,443,1089,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<treatmentCitation author="Knox, G. A." box="[151,438,1089,1113]" page="493" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" year="1957">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="84NMG" authority="Knox, 1957: 493" authorityName="Knox. Herein" authorityPageNumber="493" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,438,1089,1113]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[151,258,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Knox, G. A." box="[264,438,1089,1113]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="493 - 496" refId="ref9397" refString="Knox, G. A. (1957) Clavisyllis alternata, gen. et sp. nov., a new polychaete from New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 493 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708655989" type="journal article" year="1957">Knox, 1957: 493</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,634,1089,1144]" box="[151,634,1119,1144]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<typeStatus box="[151,201,1120,1144]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName authority="Knox, 1957" authorityName="Knox" authorityYear="1957" box="[294,630,1119,1144]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alternata">
<emphasis box="[294,501,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis alternata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Knox, G. A." box="[507,630,1119,1143]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="493 - 496" refId="ref9397" refString="Knox, G. A. (1957) Clavisyllis alternata, gen. et sp. nov., a new polychaete from New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 493 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708655989" type="journal article" year="1957">Knox, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1189,1792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,276,1189,1215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
(modified from
<bibRefCitation author="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G." box="[464,784,1190,1216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref8744" refString="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G. (2008) Re-description of some enigmatic genera of Syllidae (Phyllodocida: Polychaeta). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531540800026 X" type="journal article" year="2008">Aguado &amp; San Martín 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Knox, G. A." box="[797,927,1190,1217]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="493 - 496" refId="ref9397" refString="Knox, G. A. (1957) Clavisyllis alternata, gen. et sp. nov., a new polychaete from New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 493 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708655989" type="journal article" year="1957">Knox 1957</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="San Martin, G. &amp; Aguado, M. T." box="[940,1260,1190,1216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="152 - 308" refId="ref10648" refString="San Martin, G. &amp; Aguado, M. T. (2022) Syllidae Grube, 1850. In: Purschke, G., Boggemann, M. &amp; Westheide, W. (Eds.), Pleistoannelida, Errantia II. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 152 - 308." type="book chapter" year="2022">San Martín &amp; Aguado 2022</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Watson, C." box="[1272,1424,1190,1216]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="77 - 84" refId="ref10838" refString="Watson, C. (2009) A New Species of Clavisyllis Knox, 1957 (Polychaeta: Syllidae): A Genus with the Unusual Distribution of New Zealand and the Great Barrier Reef, Northern Queensland, Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 25, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="2009">Watson 2009</bibRefCitation>
): Macrofaunal species, body broad, subcylindrical. Palps fused at base, ventrally directed. Nuchal organs form two prominent, long, sinuous nuchal epaulettes and one additional single, digitiform nuchal cirrus (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Knox" authorityYear="1957" box="[1194,1420,1262,1288]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alternata">
<emphasis box="[1194,1420,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis alternata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), or curved epaulettes with knob-like tips (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2009" box="[606,805,1298,1324]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="yongei">
<emphasis box="[606,805,1298,1324]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis yongei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), or two prominent, long, sinuous nuchal epaulettes with anterior extensions (
<taxonomicName authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[384,584,1334,1360]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[384,584,1334,1360]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[593,658,1334,1360]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[593,658,1334,1360]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
). Prostomium with lateral projections in
<taxonomicName authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[1133,1240,1334,1360]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[1133,1240,1334,1360]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C. tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1249,1314,1334,1360]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1249,1314,1334,1360]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Antennae, tentacular and dorsal cirri large, ovoid, inflated, with distinct cirrophores; ventral cirri ovoid. Dorsal cirri strongly alternating between lateral and dorsal segmental positions, to give the appearance of four longitudinal rows along the body. Parapodia uniramous with projecting upper lobe, 1–2 aciculae and compound heterogomph falcigers with blades having distinct bidentate tips and long spines. Pharynx and proventricle of similar length. Pharynx with single tooth or trepan of 12–13 teeth. Proventricle barrel-shaped. Member of
<taxonomicName box="[972,1094,1514,1540]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eusyllinae">Eusyllinae</taxonomicName>
. Plesiomorphic mitochondrial gene order. Reproduction by epigamy (seen in
<taxonomicName authority="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado, 2023" authorityName="Cejp &amp; Jimi &amp; Aguado" authorityYear="2023" box="[675,780,1550,1576]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tenjini" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[675,780,1550,1576]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">C. tenjini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[786,849,1550,1576]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[786,849,1550,1576]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="349" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1189,1792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,355,1585,1611]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Distribution:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[363,470,1586,1612]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Australia</collectingCountry>
: Great Barrier Reef, North
<collectingRegion box="[787,923,1586,1612]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Queensland</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingCountry box="[936,1093,1586,1612]" name="New Zealand" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
: New Plymouth, North Island and Banks Pensinsula, South Island;
<collectingCountry box="[565,633,1622,1648]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Japan</collectingCountry>
: Ogasawara Islands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="349" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="8.[151,1437,1189,1792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,317,1658,1684]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Remarks:</emphasis>
None of the previous authors were able to assign the genus to any subfamily of
<taxonomicName box="[1211,1303,1658,1684]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Syllidae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G." pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="35 - 56" refId="ref8744" refString="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G. (2008) Re-description of some enigmatic genera of Syllidae (Phyllodocida: Polychaeta). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 35 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 002531540800026 X" type="journal article" year="2008">Aguado &amp; San Martín 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Knox, G. A." box="[351,478,1694,1721]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="493 - 496" refId="ref9397" refString="Knox, G. A. (1957) Clavisyllis alternata, gen. et sp. nov., a new polychaete from New Zealand. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 10, 493 - 496. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935708655989" type="journal article" year="1957">Knox 1957</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Watson, C." box="[488,638,1694,1720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="77 - 84" refId="ref10838" refString="Watson, C. (2009) A New Species of Clavisyllis Knox, 1957 (Polychaeta: Syllidae): A Genus with the Unusual Distribution of New Zealand and the Great Barrier Reef, Northern Queensland, Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, 25, 77 - 84." type="journal article" year="2009">Watson 2009</bibRefCitation>
). To date,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Knox. Herein" authorityYear="1957" box="[749,867,1694,1720]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Clavisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[749,867,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Clavisyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been included in a single phylogenetic analysis based on morphological data (
<bibRefCitation author="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G." box="[495,821,1730,1756]" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" pagination="379 - 402" refId="ref8801" refString="Aguado, M. T. &amp; San Martin, G. (2009) Phylogeny of Syllidae (Polychaeta) based on morphological data. Zoologica Scripta, 38, 379 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2008.00380. x" type="journal article" year="2009">Aguado &amp; San Martín 2009</bibRefCitation>
). This study showed it sister to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Day" authorityYear="1960" box="[1186,1329,1730,1756]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Lamellisyllis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1186,1329,1730,1756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="349">Lamellisyllis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and both nested within
<taxonomicName box="[308,426,1766,1792]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="349" phylum="Annelida" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eusyllinae">Eusyllinae</taxonomicName>
genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

416
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<taxonomicName id="E7817C91FFEDAB4FB1B2FB59FC10FB59" authority="Tsai and Shen, 2010" authorityName="Tsai and Shen" authorityYear="2010" box="[441,934,1187,1212]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hongyehensis">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEDAB4FB1B2FB59FD09FB5E" bold="true" box="[441,703,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Amynthas hongyehensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44107AE3FFEDAB4FB2CEFB59FC10FB59" author="Tsai CF &amp; Shen HP &amp; Tsai SC" box="[709,934,1187,1211]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" pagination="1251 - 1267" refId="ref14553" refString="Tsai CF, Shen HP, Tsai SC. 2010. Four new species of Amynthas earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from the Central Mountain Range of southern Taiwan. J Nat Hist. 44 (21 - 24): 1251 - 1267." type="journal article" year="2010">Tsai and Shen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEDAB4FB0D8FAF9FE6EFAF9" box="[211,472,1283,1307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Amynthas hongyehensis</emphasis>
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, p. 1263
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<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEDAB4FB0D8FAA1FE13FA91" box="[211,421,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Material examined</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="FF3AB9B0FFEDAB4FB0D8FA79FE88FA79" box="[211,318,1411,1435]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(TESRI-O-H-34) and
<typeStatus id="FF3AB9B0FFEDAB4FB269FA7EFD73FA7E" box="[610,709,1412,1436]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(TESRI-O-P-29) collected
<date id="543F21D2FFEDAB4FB410FA79FEBEFA59" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" value="2000-03-16">16 March 2000</date>
along the Yenping Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEDAB4FB2ECFA59FC9AFA59" box="[743,812,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</quantity>
) near Hongyeh Village,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEDAB4FB437FA59FE9EFA38" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by C.F. Tsai, S.C. Tsai, H.P. Shen, S.
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEDAB4FB2C2FA38FD6BFA38" box="[713,733,1474,1498]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">T</collectionCode>
. Chang, H.S. Fang, H.P. Yang and
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEDAB4FB466FA39FB36FA38" box="[1133,1152,1475,1498]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">T</collectionCode>
.J. Lin; one clitellate (dissected) collected
<date id="543F21D2FFEDAB4FB28EFA18FC98FA18" box="[645,814,1506,1530]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" value="2000-03-16">16 March 2000</date>
along the Yenping Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEDAB4FB141F9F8FE29F9F8" box="[330,415,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
) near Hongyeh,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEDAB4FB26AF9F8FCA1F9F8" box="[609,791,1538,1562]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by the same collectors as for the
<typeStatus id="FF3AB9B0FFEDAB4FB0D8F9D8FE81F9D8" box="[211,311,1570,1594]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(coll. no. 2000-27-Shen); one aclitellate collected
<date id="543F21D2FFEDAB4FB353F9D8FB9CF9D8" box="[856,1066,1570,1594]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" value="2005-09-16">16 September 2005</date>
at Tuban Village (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEDAB4FB195F9B8FE50F9B8" box="[414,486,1602,1626]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" unit="m" value="390.0">390 m</quantity>
), Dajen,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEDAB4FB244F9B8FCB5F9B8" box="[591,771,1602,1626]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by H.P. Chen, I.M. Hsiao and S.
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEDAB4FB477F9B8FB26F9B8" box="[1148,1168,1602,1626]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">T</collectionCode>
. Chang (coll. no. 2005-40) (voucher number: TBM1); three clitellates [one dissected (voucher number: East 38)] and 20 aclitellates collected
<date id="543F21D2FFEDAB4FB36BF978FC47F978" box="[864,1009,1666,1690]" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" value="2010-07-13">13 July 2010</date>
from Coastal Mountains
<taxonomicName id="E7817C91FFEDAB4FB153F958FD93F958" box="[344,549,1698,1722]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEDAB4FB153F958FD93F958" box="[344,549,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Cycas taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nature Reserve (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEDAB4FB350F958FC13F958" box="[859,933,1698,1722]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277" unit="m" value="490.0">490 m</quantity>
),
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEDAB4FB3B1F958FBD9F958" box="[954,1135,1698,1722]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="20" pageNumber="2277">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by H.P. Chen and C.I. Chang (coll. no. 2010-40) (voucher numbers of specimens used for DNA barcoding analyses:
<geoCoordinate id="45B561D5FFECAB4EB1F8FF32FDCDFF3D" box="[499,635,199,223]" degrees="36, 38" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" precision="555" value="36.38">East 36, 38</geoCoordinate>
, 39); one clitellate collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB3C6FF3DFF72FF1D" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2010-10-18">18 October 2010</date>
from Coastal Mountains
<taxonomicName id="E7817C91FFECAB4EB1F9FF1DFD76FF1D" box="[498,704,231,255]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="taitungensis">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB1F9FF1DFD76FF1D" box="[498,704,231,255]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Cycas taitungensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nature Reserve (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB3F3FF1DFBF4FF1D" box="[1016,1090,231,255]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="490.0">490 m</quantity>
),
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB084FEFDFEF2FEFD" box="[143,324,263,287]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB17AFEFDFE3EFEFD" box="[369,392,263,287]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">R</collectionCode>
.C. Jang, M.H. Chen and L.H. Chen (coll. no. 2010-59); seven clitellates collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB17EFEDDFD8AFEDD" box="[373,572,295,319]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2010-10-19">19 October 2010</date>
along the Hongshih Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB084FEBDFE91FEBD" box="[143,295,327,351]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3169999999999997" metricValueMax="1.354" metricValueMin="1.28" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="1317.0" valueMax="1354.0" valueMin="1280.0">1280–1354 m</quantity>
) near Guanshan,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB1FCFEBDFD1AFEBD" box="[503,684,327,351]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB2D2FEBDFD46FEBD" box="[729,752,327,351]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">R</collectionCode>
.C. Jang, M.H. Chen and L.H. Chen (coll. no. 2010-60) (voucher number of specimen used for DNA barcoding analyses: East 81); two clitellates collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB233FE7CFD59FE7C" box="[568,751,390,414]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2010-10-20">20 October 2010</date>
along the Yenping Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB109FE5CFE20FE5C" box="[258,406,422,446]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.335" metricValueMax="1.338" metricValueMin="1.3319999999999999" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="1335.0" valueMax="1338.0" valueMin="1332.0">1332–1338 m</quantity>
) near Hongyeh,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB245FE5CFCB6FE5C" box="[590,768,422,446]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB32EFE5CFC8AFE5C" box="[805,828,422,446]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">R</collectionCode>
.C. Jang, M.H. Chen and L.H. Chen (coll. no. 2010-66) (voucher number of specimen used for DNA barcoding analyses: East 101); one clitellate collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB279FE1CFC9AFE1C" box="[626,812,486,510]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2010-10-20">20 October 2010</date>
along the Yenping Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB147FDFCFE52FDFC" box="[332,484,518,542]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.222" metricValueMax="1.274" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="1222.0" valueMax="1274.0" valueMin="1170.0">1170–1274 m</quantity>
) near Hongyeh,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB2A2FDFCFCE9FDFC" box="[681,863,518,542]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB385FDFCFC13FDFC" box="[910,933,518,542]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">R</collectionCode>
.C. Jang, M.H. Chen and L.H. Chen (coll. no. 2010-67); one clitellate collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB359FDDCFBBCFDDC" box="[850,1034,550,574]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2010-10-20">20 October 2010</date>
along the Yenping Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB226FDBCFDC2FDBC" box="[557,628,582,606]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.54" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="754.0">754 m</quantity>
) near Hongyeh,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB33CFDBCFC5BFDBC" box="[823,1005,582,606]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Taitung County</collectingRegion>
by
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB411FDBCFB87FDBC" box="[1050,1073,582,606]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">R</collectionCode>
.C. Jang, M.H. Chen and L.H. Chen (coll. no. 2010-69) (voucher number: East 123); one clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134)] collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB347FD7CFC68FD7C" box="[844,990,646,670]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2011-05-24">24 May 2011</date>
along the Changliang Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB228FD5FFDDAFD5F" box="[547,620,677,701]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
), Jhuohsi,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB2E3FD5FFC29FD5F" box="[744,927,677,701]" country="Taiwan" name="Hualien" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Hualien County</collectingRegion>
by S.
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB3D5FD5FFC44FD5F" box="[990,1010,677,701]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">T</collectionCode>
. Chang, M.H. Chen and C.I. Chang (coll. no. 2011-2); one clitellate (voucher number: East 135) and two aclitellates collected
<date id="543F21D2FFECAB4EB203FD1FFD20FD1F" box="[520,662,741,766]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" value="2011-05-24">24 May 2011</date>
along the Changliang Forest Road (elevation
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB0D5FCFFFE91FCFF" box="[222,295,773,797]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
), Jhuohsi,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFECAB4EB1A8FCFFFDEDFCFF" box="[419,603,773,797]" country="Taiwan" name="Hualien" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Hualien County</collectingRegion>
by S.
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB291FCFFFD18FCFF" box="[666,686,773,797]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">T</collectionCode>
. Chang, M.H. Chen and C.I. Chang (coll. no. 2011-3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFECAB4EB084FC9DFEB8FC9C" blockId="21.[143,270,871,894]" box="[143,270,871,894]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB084FC9DFEB8FC9C" box="[143,270,871,894]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFECAB4EB084FC74FEDDFB46" blockId="21.[143,1104,909,1380]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB084FC74FECEFC44" box="[143,376,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">External characters.</emphasis>
Total length (clitellates)
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB2A6FC77FCFCFC47" box="[685,842,909,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.63" metricValueMax="1.97" metricValueMin="1.29" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="mm" value="163.0" valueMax="197.0" valueMin="129.0">129–197 mm</quantity>
. Weight
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB3B4FC77FBFDFC44" box="[959,1099,909,934]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.425" metricValueMax="6.21" metricValueMin="2.64" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="g" value="4.425" valueMax="6.21" valueMin="2.64">2.64–6.21 g</quantity>
. Segments numbering 85–138. Clitellum XIV–
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB2ADFC54FD6FFC27" box="[678,729,942,965]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XVI</collectionCode>
, setae and dorsal pores absent, length
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB0D0FC37FECFFC07" box="[219,377,973,997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.545" metricValueMax="6.77" metricValueMin="4.32" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="mm" value="5.545" valueMax="6.77" valueMin="4.32">4.32–6.77 mm</quantity>
and width
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB1FEFC37FD21FC07" box="[501,663,973,997]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.825" metricValueMax="7.17" metricValueMin="4.48" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="mm" value="5.825" valueMax="7.17" valueMin="4.48">4.48–7.17 mm</quantity>
. Prostomium epilobous. Three annulets (secondary segments) per segment in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB232FC14FDD4FBE7" box="[569,610,1006,1029]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">VII</collectionCode>
–XIII. Setal number
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB344FC17FC06FBE7" box="[847,944,1005,1029]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5112999999999999" metricValueMax="1.8542" metricValueMin="1.1684" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="in" value="59.5" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="46.0">46–73 in</quantity>
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB3B3FC14FC54FBE7" box="[952,994,1006,1029]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">VII</collectionCode>
,
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB3E4FC17FBF9FBE7" box="[1007,1103,1005,1029]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7907" metricValueMax="2.0827999999999998" metricValueMin="1.4986" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="in" value="70.5" valueMax="82.0" valueMin="59.0">59–82 in</quantity>
XX, and 10–18 between male pores in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB232FBF4FD35FBC7" box="[569,643,1038,1061]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XVIII</collectionCode>
. First dorsal pore in 11
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB389FBF7FC38FBC7" box="[898,910,1037,1061]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">/</emphasis>
12. Spermathecal pores three or four pairs, small, buried deeply in intersegmental furrows of 6
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB3E9FBD7FC58FBA7" box="[994,1006,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">/</emphasis>
7–8
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB41DFBD7FB94FBA7" box="[1046,1058,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">/</emphasis>
9 or 5
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB096FBB7FF1FFB87" box="[157,169,1101,1125]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">/</emphasis>
6–8
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB0DAFBB7FF6BFB87" box="[209,221,1101,1125]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">/</emphasis>
9 (
<figureCitation id="B8BA1B97FFECAB4EB0F6FBB7FECFFB87" box="[253,377,1101,1125]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]" captionText="Figure 4. Amynthas hongyehensis Tsai and Shen, 2010. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
), distance between paired pores 0.24–0.29 body circumference ventrally apart. Genital papillae absent in the preclitellar region. Female pore single, mid-ventral in XIV.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFECAB4CB0B1FB56FC30FF3D" blockId="21.[143,1104,909,1380]" lastBlockId="23.[143,1103,167,287]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="2280" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">
<materialsCitation id="90E90D4FFFECAB4CB0B1FB56FC34FF3D" collectionCode="XVIII, XIX" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="2280" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
Male pores paired in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB1BBFB57FE4FFB26" box="[432,505,1197,1220]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XVIII</collectionCode>
, 0.22–0.29 body circumference ventrally apart. Each pore on a round, white porophore
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFECAB4EB22DFB36FD0CFB06" box="[550,698,1228,1252]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" unit="mm" value="0.675" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.55">0.55–0.8 mm</quantity>
in diameter, surrounded by one to three shallow skin folds. Genital papillae large, round, usually two pairs located slightly medially to the porophore in presetal
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB226FAF7FDC5FAC6" box="[557,627,1293,1316]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XVIII</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB2A2FAF7FD69FAC6" box="[681,735,1293,1316]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XIX</collectionCode>
, and an additional pair in XX for
<typeStatus id="FF3AB9B0FFECAB4EB084FAD7FF44FAA7" box="[143,242,1325,1349]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="B8BA1B97FFECAB4EB0F4FAD6FEC4FAA6" box="[255,370,1324,1348]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]" captionText="Figure 4. Amynthas hongyehensis Tsai and Shen, 2010. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
), occasionally one pair only in presetal
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB32FFAD7FCDCFAA6" box="[804,874,1325,1348]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XVIII</collectionCode>
or
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB385FAD7FC77FAA6" box="[910,961,1325,1348]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XIX</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="B8BA1B97FFECAB4EB3C5FAD6FBF4FAA6" box="[974,1090,1324,1348]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]" captionText="Figure 4. Amynthas hongyehensis Tsai and Shen, 2010. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Figure 4C</figureCitation>
), or two pairs in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFECAB4EB14EFAB7FE3DFA86" box="[325,395,1357,1380]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">XVIII</collectionCode>
with one pair antero-medial and the other postero-medial to male porophores (
<figureCitation id="B8BA1B97FFEEAB4CB150FF5DFE64FF5D" box="[347,466,167,191]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]" captionText="Figure 4. Amynthas hongyehensis Tsai and Shen, 2010. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Figure 4D</figureCitation>
), or two pairs in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB29BFF52FD60FF5D" box="[656,726,168,191]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVIII</collectionCode>
together with one pair in presetal
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB084FF32FF70FF3D" box="[143,198,200,223]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XIX</collectionCode>
. Each papilla
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB16FFF3DFDB4FF3D" box="[356,514,199,223]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1499999999999995" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="0.715" valueMax="0.98" valueMin="0.45">0.45–0.98 mm</quantity>
in diameter with depressed centre
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="74FE579AFFECAB4EB084FA48FCABF977" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" startId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]">
<paragraph id="203E0712FFECAB4EB084FA48FCABF977" blockId="21.[143,1104,1458,1685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName id="E7817C91FFECAB4EB0F3FA48FD0BFA2A" authority="Tsai and Shen, 2010" authorityName="Tsai and Shen" authorityYear="2010" box="[248,701,1458,1480]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hongyehensis">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFECAB4EB0F3FA48FE52FA2A" box="[248,484,1458,1480]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278">Amynthas hongyehensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="44107AE3FFECAB4EB1E0FA48FD0BFA2A" author="Tsai CF &amp; Shen HP &amp; Tsai SC" box="[491,701,1458,1480]" pageId="21" pageNumber="2278" pagination="1251 - 1267" refId="ref14553" refString="Tsai CF, Shen HP, Tsai SC. 2010. Four new species of Amynthas earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from the Central Mountain Range of southern Taiwan. J Nat Hist. 44 (21 - 24): 1251 - 1267." type="journal article" year="2010">Tsai and Shen, 2010</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB0B1FF1DFC00FEFD" blockId="23.[143,1103,167,287]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Preserved specimens purple brown on head and dorsum, light brown on ventrum, and darkish purple brown around clitellum. Setal ring white, distinctive.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB084FEA9FBF3FE28" blockId="23.[143,1104,339,841]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB084FEA9FED2FE89" box="[143,356,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Internal characters.</emphasis>
Septa 5
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB1B6FEA9FE7FFE89" box="[445,457,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
6–7
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB1FAFEA9FE4BFE89" box="[497,509,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
8 and 10
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB250FEA9FDD1FE89" box="[603,615,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
11 thick, 11
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB2ECFEA9FD45FE89" box="[743,755,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
12–13
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB33DFEA9FCF4FE89" box="[822,834,339,363]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
14 muscular. Nephridial tufts thick on anterior faces of 5
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB20FFE89FDA6FE69" box="[516,528,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
6
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB215FE89FD9CFE69" box="[542,554,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
7. Gizzard in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB2C2FE89FD4DFE68" box="[713,763,371,394]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">VIII</collectionCode>
–X, large, yellowish in colour. Intestine enlarged from
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB192FE69FE79FE48" box="[409,463,403,426]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVI</collectionCode>
. Intestinal caeca paired in XXVII, extending anteriorly to XXII–XXIV, each simple, slender, slightly wrinkled. Oesophageal hearts in XI–XIII.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB0B1FE28FED3FD88" blockId="23.[143,1104,339,841]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
Spermathecae three pairs in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB208FE29FD9CFE08" box="[515,554,467,490]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">VII</collectionCode>
–IX or four pairs in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB310FE29FC8FFE08" box="[795,825,467,490]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">VI</collectionCode>
–IX, ampulla large, oval or peach-shaped, surface wrinkled, each
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB268FE08FCB5FDE8" box="[611,771,498,522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.645" metricValueMax="3.91" metricValueMin="1.38" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="2.645" valueMax="3.91" valueMin="1.38">1.38–3.91 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB372FE08FBBAFDE8" box="[889,1036,498,522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.97" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="1.97" valueMax="2.54" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.54 mm</quantity>
wide, with a short, stout spermathecal stalk
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB248FDE8FD54FDC8" box="[579,738,530,554]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" metricValueMax="5.699999999999999" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="0.45999999999999996" valueMax="0.57" valueMin="0.35">0.35–0.57 mm</quantity>
in length. Diverticulum with an oval-shaped seminal chamber
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB1E3FDC8FDDBFDA8" box="[488,621,562,586]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.1 mm</quantity>
long and a slender stalk
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB39AFDC8FB87FDA8" box="[913,1073,562,586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.23" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.81" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="1.23" valueMax="1.65" valueMin="0.81">0.81–1.65 mm</quantity>
in length (
<figureCitation id="B8BA1B97FFEEAB4CB0EFFDA8FEEEFD88" box="[228,344,594,618]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]" captionText="Figure 4. Amynthas hongyehensis Tsai and Shen, 2010. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Figure 4E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB0B1FD88FCF1FCAB" blockId="23.[143,1104,339,841]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
Holandry: testes large, two pairs in ventrally joined sacs in X and XI. Vas efferens connected in XII on each side to form a vas deferens. Seminal vesicles two pairs in XI and XII, large, occupying the full compartment, usually anterior pair larger, each vesicle with a round, finely folliculated dorsal lobe, darker in colour. Prostate glands large, lobed, folliculated, in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB1DBFD08FDB5FCEB" box="[464,515,754,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVI</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB219FD08FDF0FCEB" box="[530,582,754,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XIX</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB258FD08FD30FCEB" box="[595,646,754,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVI</collectionCode>
–XX, or
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB2E6FD08FC9CFCEB" box="[749,810,754,777]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVII</collectionCode>
–XX. Prostatic duct long, U-shaped in
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB128FCE8FED6FCCB" box="[291,352,786,809]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVII</collectionCode>
–
<collectionCode id="46909FD7FFEEAB4CB164FCE8FE00FCCB" box="[367,438,786,809]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">XVIII</collectionCode>
. Accessory glands sessile, each oval-shaped,
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB3BBFCEBFBF9FCCB" box="[944,1103,785,809]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="mm" value="0.65" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.55">0.55–0.75 mm</quantity>
long, corresponding to its external genital papilla (
<figureCitation id="B8BA1B97FFEEAB4CB2CDFCCBFC8CFCAB" box="[710,826,817,841]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="21.[143,210,1458,1480]" captionText="Figure 4. Amynthas hongyehensis Tsai and Shen, 2010. (A) Ventral view of spermathecal pore region of a 163-mm clitellate [dissected (voucher number: East 134), coll. no. 2011-2] (sp, spermathecal pore); (B) ventral view of male pore region of paratype (TESRI-O-P-29) (gp, genital papilla; mp, male porophore); (C) ventral view of male pore region of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (voucher number: East 134); (D) ventral view of male pore region of a 129-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2010-60); (E) dorsal view of left spermathecae of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (amp, ampulla; dv, diverticulum); (F) dorsal view of left prostate gland of a 163-mm clitellate (coll. no. 2011-2) (ag, accessory gland). Scale bar 1 mm." pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB084FC60FE99FC50" blockId="23.[143,303,922,946]" box="[143,303,922,946]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB084FC60FE99FC50" box="[143,303,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">DNA barcodes</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB084FC38FE01FBFB" blockId="23.[143,1103,962,1049]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<materialsCitation id="90E90D4FFFEEAB4CB084FC38FE05FBFB" accessionNumber="JX290399, JX290419, JX290421, JX290422, JX290427, JX290400, JX290406, JX290410 and JX290411" longitude="36.38" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" specimenCount="1">
GenBank accession numbers
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,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB257FC38FD79FC38" box="[604,719,962,986]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290419" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290419</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB2D0FC38FCFBFC38" box="[731,845,962,986]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290421" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290421</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB352FC38FC7AFC38" box="[857,972,962,986]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290422" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290422</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB3D3FC38FBFDFC38" box="[984,1099,962,986]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290427" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290427</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB084FC18FEB4FC18" box="[143,258,994,1018]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290400" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290400</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB106FC18FE36FC18" box="[269,384,994,1018]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290406" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290406</accessionNumber>
,
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB187FC18FE4AFC18" box="[396,508,994,1018]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290410" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290410</accessionNumber>
and
<accessionNumber id="3FD29AF1FFEEAB4CB23FFC18FD12FC18" box="[564,676,994,1018]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/JX290411" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">JX290411</accessionNumber>
(TBM1,
<geoCoordinate id="45B561D5FFEEAB4CB306FC18FC3AFC18" box="[781,908,994,1018]" degrees="36, 38" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" precision="555" value="36.38">East 36, 38</geoCoordinate>
, 39, 81, 101, 123, 134 and 135, respectively)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB084FB91FF47FB61" blockId="23.[143,241,1131,1155]" box="[143,241,1131,1155]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB084FB91FF47FB61" box="[143,241,1131,1155]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="203E0712FFEEAB4CB084FB69FE51FA2B" blockId="23.[143,1104,1170,1481]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<taxonomicName id="E7817C91FFEEAB4CB084FB69FE23FB49" authorityName="Tsai and Shen" authorityYear="2010" box="[143,405,1171,1195]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hongyehensis">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB084FB69FE23FB49" box="[143,405,1171,1195]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Amynthas hongyehensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation id="90E90D4FFFEEAB4CB196FB68FE69FA2B" county="Central Mountain Range" elevation="800" location="Changliang Forest" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Hualien">
is found at elevations of
<quantity id="E779AAF7FFEEAB4CB2BEFB68FC88FB48" box="[693,830,1170,1194]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="13.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="m" value="800.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="250.0">
<elevation id="ABACE021FFEEAB4CB2BEFB68FC88FB48" box="[693,830,1170,1194]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="13.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" unit="m" value="800.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="250.0">250–1350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
on the east slope of the
<collectingCounty id="C95F7F9EFFEEAB4CB084FB48FE04FB29" box="[143,434,1202,1227]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Central Mountain Range</collectingCounty>
, with
<collectingMunicipality id="C05A9D68FFEEAB4CB1F0FB48FCA5FB28" box="[507,787,1202,1226]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB1F0FB48FD7BFB28" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB1F0FB48FD7BFB28" box="[507,717,1202,1226]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Changliang Forest" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">Changliang Forest</location>
Road
</collectingMunicipality>
in southern
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEEAB4CB3A3FB48FBB4FB28" box="[936,1026,1202,1226]" country="Taiwan" name="Hualien" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Hualien</collectingRegion>
to the north and
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB100FB28FEE2FB08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB100FB28FEE2FB08" box="[267,340,1234,1258]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Tuban" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">Tuban</location>
in southern
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEEAB4CB1E1FB28FDF4FB08" box="[490,578,1234,1258]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Taitung</collectingRegion>
to the south of its distribution range according to the current information on field collections.
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB2DFFB08FCB6FAE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB2DFFB08FCB6FAE8" box="[724,768,1266,1290]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="The" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">The</location>
<typeStatus id="FF3AB9B0FFEEAB4CB302FB09FC8FFAE9" box="[777,825,1267,1291]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB3A8FB08FF7AFAC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB3A8FB08FF7AFAC8" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Yenping Forest Road" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB3A8FB08FBF9FAE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB3A8FB08FBF9FAE8" box="[931,1103,1266,1290]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Yenping Forest" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">Yenping Forest</location>
Road
</location>
near
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB104FAE8FE79FAC8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB104FAE8FE79FAC8" box="[271,463,1298,1322]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Hongyeh Village" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">Hongyeh Village</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="E245C9F0FFEEAB4CB1D7FAE8FD81FAC8" box="[476,567,1298,1322]" country="Taiwan" name="Taitung" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">Taitung</collectingRegion>
, is approximately located in the central part of the above-mentioned range.
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB1D9FAC8FE43FAA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB1D9FAC8FE43FAA8" box="[466,501,1330,1354]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="All" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">All</location>
specimens from the
<typeStatus id="FF3AB9B0FFEEAB4CB2E9FAC8FCA4FAA8" box="[738,786,1330,1354]" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">type</typeStatus>
locality are sexthecate with spermathecal pores in intersegmental furrows of 6
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB2BDFAA8FD74FA88" box="[694,706,1362,1386]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
7–8
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB2E1FAA8FD40FA88" box="[746,758,1362,1386]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">/</emphasis>
9, whereas those collected from other localities are octothecate.
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB1E6FA88FDB6FA6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB1E6FA88FDB6FA6B" box="[493,512,1394,1417]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="It" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">It</location>
seems that reduction in the numbers of spermathecae might not be uncommon among the native
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB273FA6BFD5AFA4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB273FA6BFD5AFA4B" box="[632,748,1425,1449]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Taiwanese" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">Taiwanese</location>
earthworms as discussed in the
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB084FA4BFF47FA2B" box="[143,241,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">
<location id="255E51C9FFEEAB4CB084FA4BFF47FA2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A828B604FFEDAB4CB1B2FB59FE51FA2B:255E51C9FFEEAB4CB084FA4BFF47FA2B" box="[143,241,1457,1481]" county="Central Mountain Range" municipality="Changliang Forest Road" name="Remarks" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" stateProvince="Hualien">Remarks</location>
</emphasis>
of
<taxonomicName id="E7817C91FFEEAB4CB11DFA4BFE69FA2B" authorityName="Shen" authorityYear="2012" box="[278,479,1457,1481]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Amynthas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opisthopora" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amplipapillatus">
<emphasis id="12F5DB00FFEEAB4CB11DFA4BFE69FA2B" box="[278,479,1457,1481]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="2280">A. amplipapillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>