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<document id="FE73EF6793E65F57C54C20F10270FC85" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013" ID-PMC="PMC4910507" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--8013" ID-PubMed="27346954" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e8013" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea" checkinTime="1553126186093" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dale-Skey, Natalie, Askew, Richard R., Noyes, John S., Livermore, Laurence &amp; Broad, Gavin R." docDate="2016" docId="E4E61DC091DCB8832DCFF88F49D37164" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8013" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013" docTitle="Elachertus anthophilae Boucek 2002" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="8013" masterDocId="FF97FFC8521CFFF7FFB6FF94962EFFD0" masterDocTitle="Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea" masterLastPageNumber="8013" masterPageNumber="8013" pageNumber="8013" updateTime="1668123632585" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CAA040CDE8AA9FC7A84DD5AFBF213CE8">Checklist of British and Irish Hymenoptera - Chalcidoidea and Mymarommatoidea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0BA4A9D12B471E028D890838D2C9C9CA">Dale-Skey, Natalie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA4FC34EFD9F36D391F8385E14A88EEC">Askew, Richard R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EB4C91140FE4D4BDFB55E3FE1088BD37">Noyes, John S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A79BCC079DC76D06E0629503EEE86EA8">Livermore, Laurence</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="63536B50C4C8393971468BB2A5E7B5F3">Broad, Gavin R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B69453D0707B0978514A6E67E4BFD880">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6952AE91C77D59AA74E4FA05E72C2728">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C00B6DAB141ED01ED0250A1AA5088189">
<mods:date id="17DB914DFC44810C3DB6279E06359ED9">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EA6FE6DCE6C2870257227187A639BCE5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="0C012914BDDC60F57B384FF44AD55951">4</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C3A9AE75A82FAD500C539147E754C092" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8013</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1E01FD8A2D0DCE04DE81E983067E445F" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--8013</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E4E61DC091DCB8832DCFF88F49D37164" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4E61DC091DCB8832DCFF88F49D37164" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4E61DC091DCB8832DCFF88F49D37164" lastPageNumber="8013" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<subSubSection id="CA03D7D835546A2F772B144F08A1D46E" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3B3261F906304FB22D1FFE7914195736" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
<taxonomicName id="D223FDB225418383C7833D82D967FEDD" ID-CoL="38WCV" authority="Boucek, 2002" authorityName="Boucek" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Elachertus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Elachertus anthophilae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthophilae">
Elachertus anthophilae
<normalizedToken id="BB5D2BBE4085F7C8BB5C35BEA01EF2C5" originalValue="Bouček">Boucek</normalizedToken>
, 2002
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="79190CFF15CB1365B8563D7E6488C9DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" type="notes">
<paragraph id="DAA766F70D2A50231F849495F0CB877C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC9C385892DF7058A587672C9F1FFEE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013">
Added by
<bibRefCitation id="5F425E0DF04DA99A34CD162668B1ACA9" author="Boucek, Z." journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="8013" pagination="131 - 133" title="Elachertusanthophilae, a new species from Great Britain (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)" volume="53" year="2002">Boucek (2002)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b09b328e-de27-4071-8af6-eec29dc3b1df" ID-PMC="PMC6160804" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-107-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="686CFF85FFADFFEAC033443CF54BFFFC" ID-PubMed="30271249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1346433" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-107-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 107" ModsDocTitle="A revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae, Dissochaeteae)" checkinTime="1555330651054" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kartonegoro, Abdulrokhman, Veldkamp, Jan Frits, Hovenkamp, Peter &amp; Welzen, Peter van" docDate="2018" docId="E4E620F3785367DE49E840F9A6150180" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 107: 1-178" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 107" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548" docTitle="Dissochaeta bakhuizenii Veldkamp, Blumea 24: 443. 1979" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="686CFF85FFADFFEAC033443CF54BFFFC" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="686CFF85FFADFFEAC033443CF54BFFFC" masterDocTitle="A revision of Dissochaeta (Melastomataceae, Dissochaeteae)" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139007331" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart>Kartonegoro, Abdulrokhman</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Veldkamp, Jan Frits</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hovenkamp, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Welzen, Peter van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number>107</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1346433</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4E620F3785367DE49E840F9A6150180" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4E620F3785367DE49E840F9A6150180" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
7.
<taxonomicName LSID="E4E620F3-7853-67DE-49E8-40F9A6150180" authority="Veldkamp, Blumea 24: 443. 1979." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Dissochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dissochaeta bakhuizenii" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bakhuizenii">Dissochaeta bakhuizenii Veldkamp, Blumea 24: 443. 1979.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 6. Dissochaeta bakhuizenii. a habit b branchlet c hypanthium d flower e fruits. Photographs by A. Kartonegoro; vouchers: Kartonegoro 1103 (BO, L)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/222104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Map 5" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Map 5. Distribution of D. atrobrunnea (●), D. bakhuizenii (■) and D. barbata (▲)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548.map5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/222105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. F. Maxwell" authorityYear="1980" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Dissochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dissochaeta microplectrosa" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="microplectrosa">Dissochaeta microplectrosa</taxonomicName>
J.F.Maxwell, Gard. Bull. Singapore 33: 313, fig. 3. 1980. Type: Indonesia. North Sumatra: Karoland, Mount Sinabung, 1400 m elev., 19 Aug 1928, J.A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lörzing">Loerzing</normalizedToken>
13673 (holotype: L [L0537283]!; isotype: BO!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakh fil" authorityYear="1943" baseAuthorityName="Bl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Neodissochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Neodissochaeta reticulata" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Neodissochaeta reticulata</taxonomicName>
auct. non Bakh.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f.</emphasis>
: Bakh.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f.</emphasis>
, Contr. Melastom.: 143. 1943.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p.p</emphasis>
., excl. type.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Dissochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dissochaeta sagittata" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sagittata">Dissochaeta sagittata</taxonomicName>
auct. non Blume: Bakh.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">f.</emphasis>
, Contr. Melastom.: 233. 1943.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">p.p</emphasis>
., excl. type.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Indonesia. West Sumatra: Ophir District, Tanang Taloe, 1100 m elev., 15 Jun 1917, H.A.B.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bünnemeijer">Buennemeijer</normalizedToken>
1053 (holotype: L [L0537231]!; isotypes: BO [BO1744599, BO1747935]!, PNH
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">n.v.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1346485" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/222104" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 6" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Dissochaeta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dissochaeta bakhuizenii" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bakhuizenii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dissochaeta bakhuizenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
branchlet
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">c</emphasis>
hypanthium
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">d</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">e</emphasis>
fruits. Photographs by A. Kartonegoro; vouchers: Kartonegoro 1103 (BO, L).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1346541" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.107.26548.map5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/222105" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Map 5" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Map 5.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. atrobrunnea" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="atrobrunnea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. atrobrunnea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(●),
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. bakhuizenii" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bakhuizenii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. bakhuizenii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(■) and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. barbata" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="barbata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. barbata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(▲).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Climbing up to 30 m in height. Branchlets terete, 3-5 mm in diameter, greyish or brown stellate-puberulous with small bristle enations; nodes swollen, interpetiolar ridge distinct with collar-shaped ridge or crest-like; internodes 5-10 cm long. Leaves: petioles flattened, 10-15 mm long, stellate-furfuraceous; blades elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 7.5-13.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-5.25 cm, membranous, base rounded, margin entire, apex acuminate, tip ca. 0.5-1 cm long; nervation with 1 pair of lateral nerves and 1 pair of intramarginal nerves; adaxially glabrous, glossy green, abaxially densely, brown, short stellate-puberulous. Inflorescences terminal, up to 25 cm long, many-flowered; main axis glabrous to sparsely stellate-puberulous, rarely bristly; primary axes up to 14 cm long with 4 or 5 nodes, secondary axes up to 5 cm long with 2 or 3 nodes, tertiary axes up to 2 cm long with 1 or 2 nodes; bracts and bracteoles minute, inconspicuous, caducous; pedicels sparsely stellate-furfuraceous, 3-4 mm long in central flowers, 1-2 mm long in lateral flowers. Hypanthium campanulate-tubular, 2-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-3 mm, sparsely stellate-puberulous or nearly glabrous, somewhat 8-ridged; calyx truncate with 4 undulate lobes, widened, ca. 1 mm long, glabrous; petal bud conical, 3-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3 mm; mature petals ovate, 4-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
ca. 4 mm, base clawed, apex rounded, glabrous with ciliate margin, pale pink to violet. Stamens 8, equal or subequal, filaments straight; alternipetalous stamens with 4-6 mm long filaments, anthers oblong or lanceolate, straight, thecae 4-5 mm long, yellow, pedoconnective ca. 0.5 mm long, basal crests triangular with a small pair of acute auricles, 1.5-2 mm long, lateral appendages absent or prolonged from basal crest, 1-2 mm long; oppositipetalous stamens with 2.5-3 mm long filaments; anther oblong-lanceolate, straight, thecae 3-4 mm long, yellow, basal crest ligular, 1-1.5 mm long, lateral appendages a minute pair of auricles or absent. Ovary half as long as hypanthium, apex puberulous; style glabrous, curved at top, 10-12 mm long; stigma minute; extra-ovarial chambers 8, extending to the middle of the ovary. Fruits ovoid or subglobose, 4-5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-4 mm, glabrous, often with 8 lines, apex mammiform; calyx lobe remnants persistent. Seeds ca. 0.4 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Java (West).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Secondary forest, montane forest or near a crater in open forest, 700-1550 m elevation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="vernacular names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Vernacular names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Sumatra:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sanduduk</emphasis>
(Batak);
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pulutu</emphasis>
(Mentawai). Java:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">harendong areuy</emphasis>
(Sundanese).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This species can easily be distinguished by the presence of only fertile stamens without any lateral appendages and fruits with a mammiform apex. The mammiform apex on the fruits resembles that of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. nodosa" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nodosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. nodosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Sumatra and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. rectandra" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rectandra">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. rectandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Peninsular Malaysia. In the indumentum of the lower leaf surface, it resembles
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="D. inappendiculata" order="Myrtales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inappendiculata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. inappendiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Blume and it is sometimes misidentified when vegetative only.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">MALAYSIA. Pahang</emphasis>
: Cameron Highlands,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Robinson’s">Robinson's</normalizedToken>
Falls, 1600 m, 16 Apr 1978, J.F. Maxwell 78-197 (L);
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ibid.</emphasis>
, 1400 m, 20 Mar 1992, J. Klackenberg &amp; R. Lundin 673 (L);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Fraser’s">Fraser's</normalizedToken>
Hill, 1550 m, 27 Sep 1978, J.F. Maxwell 78-368 (L).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Perak</emphasis>
: Bukit Larut, Dec 1883,
<normalizedToken originalValue="King’s">King's</normalizedToken>
collector 5284 (L);
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ibid</emphasis>
., Gunung Hijau, 1320 m, 13 Jul 2006, M.K. Hisham et al. FRI 52047 (BO, L).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selangor</emphasis>
: Genting Highlands, Gunong Ulu Kali, 1200 m, 9 Apr 1978, J.F. Maxwell 78-83 (L).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">INDONESIA. Aceh</emphasis>
: Mt. Leuser, Gunung Bandahara, 800-1000 m, 20 Mar 1975, W.J.J.O. de Wilde &amp; B.E.E. de Wilde-Duyfjes 15596 (BO, K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jambi</emphasis>
: Kerinci, Kayu Aro, 850 m, 21 Oct 1954, W. Meijer 3007 (BO);
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ibid.</emphasis>
, Sungai Kumbang, 1400 m, 4 Apr 1914, H.C. Robinson &amp; C. Boden-Kloss s.n. (BM).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mentawai Islands</emphasis>
: Siberut, 10 Sep 1924, C. Boden-Kloss SFN 12282 (BO, K).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">North Sumatra</emphasis>
: Karo, Mount Sinabung, 1400 m, 19 Aug 1928, J.A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lörzing">Loerzing</normalizedToken>
13673 (BO, L);
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ibid.</emphasis>
, Road from Siantar to Berastagi, 1000 m, 21 Feb 1932, W.N. Bangham &amp; C.N. Bangham 951 (K); Tapanuli, Between Sidikalang and Pongkolan, 1200 m, 27 Mar 1954, A.H.G. Alston 14790 (BM, BO, PNH); Prapat, Gunung Batu Lopang, 1400 m, 8 Jul 1972, W.J.J.O. de Wilde &amp; B.E.E. de Wilde-Duyfjes 13528 (BO, K); Sibolangit, Bandar Baru, 800 m, 17 Jun 1916, J.A.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lörzing">Loerzing</normalizedToken>
4349 (BO); Sipirok, Dolok Sibual-Buali, 1200 m, 8 Mar 1983, Zahro 69 (BO).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">West Sumatra</emphasis>
: Ophir, Tanang Talu, 1100 m, 15 Jun 1917, H.A.B.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bünnemeijer">Buennemeijer</normalizedToken>
1053 (BO, L) Lubuk Sikaping, Mt. Gadang, 700 m, 15 Jun 1953, J. van Borssum-Waalkes 1893 (BO, K); Batu Sangkar, Mount Sago, Puncak Pato, 1200 m, 10 Mar 1989, H. Nagamasu 3782 (ANDA).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Banten</emphasis>
: Between Citorek &amp; Muncang, 800 m, 22 Jun 1911, C.A. Backer 1839 (BO).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">West Java</emphasis>
: Mt. Salak, Gunung Bunder to Kawah Ratu, 1300 m, 8 Jan 1941, C.N.A. de Voogd &amp; S. Bloembergen s.n. (BO, L);
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ibid.</emphasis>
, Cangkuang, 1000 m, 16 Sep 1985, M.M.J. van Balgooy 5161 (BO, L, P); Mt. Halimun, Malasari, 1055 m, 10 Oct 2017, A. Kartonegoro 1103 (BO, L); Mt. Sembung, C.A. Backer 12256 (BO).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="1CDD5FAE6C30DD877F0B3673F80A2916" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="5195A2DCF70DC3CF525140E445C02286" ID-CoL="33GG" ID-ENA="176776" authority="Thorell, 1877" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1877" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria Thorell, 1877</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="08509974A5C73FA4405AA8E2084AF661" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="7C970F638CD98A5CA8B0937C0BB4D9E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName id="8C42B546E342734899FB909D0D0DE182" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoriella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoriella" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoriella</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1960 (synonymy established in Framenau, 2002: 210)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA43D4906443C63A13F83A65C7DBDEA2" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName id="6F1C6470AD63977A076CC211B357DB19" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Lycosula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycosula" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lycosula</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1960 (synonymy established in
<bibRefCitation id="B9854AFE9E95EB7DF2FA09D10DB90F08" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 34" title="Revision of the new Australian genus Artoriopsis in a new subfamily of wolf spiders, Artoriinae (Araneae: Lycosidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1391.1.1" volume="1391" year="2007">Framenau 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 5)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08DECB04B93AF89CE89EF777D2608988" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName id="33846819BCD14ABC5C57B28A59087AD8" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trabaeola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trabaeola" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trabaeola</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1960 (synonymy established in
<bibRefCitation id="AF32D92F04301F3DF37334CC2C600726" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="209 - 235" title="Review of the wolf spider genus Artoria Thorell (Araneae: Lycosidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT01028" volume="16" year="2002">Framenau 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 210)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="ACCA758259764EA0882A582AE1D6A2AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="type species">
<paragraph id="6E484E3D850BF9BD078BD1A4A2EED99C" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB31F62EC8A7174F1BB0F2B8EC2B12BA" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
<taxonomicName id="69AAC5625A202CED75F367712D545D6F" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria parvula" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvula">Artoria parvula</taxonomicName>
Thorell, 1877, by original designation (
<bibRefCitation id="67BC3B0E786E20F6EB6032B222CBEE5C" author="Thorell, T" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="341 - 637" title="Studi sui Ragni Malesi e Papuani. I. Ragni di Selebes raccolti nel 1874 dal Dott. O. Beccari." volume="10" year="1877">Thorell 1877</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94F7F1D16FE9D840F120BA313F14978F" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7B33765EDE5F23086EB562445ED7FD3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="845A6885D7933A905A10283585CB9241" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
In NSW and the ACT, five genera of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="ECDDAFD293633B35DAA4FB91509A2A03" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Artoriinae">Artoriinae</taxonomicName>
have been found:
<taxonomicName id="3EBC04D84BDEE4F534758B0F6F6532C2" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="93D3303216DC10CEBD3BA099FA2D731D" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoriopsis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoriopsis</taxonomicName>
Framenau, 2007,
<taxonomicName id="3C305E1460C6E016351F4CC6E56D9D35" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Diahogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diahogna" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diahogna</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1960,
<taxonomicName id="0DFA15379300C5A88BAC5347061677AA" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Kangarosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kangarosa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kangarosa</taxonomicName>
Framenau, 2010 and
<taxonomicName id="0B74B4FAD09F8B9F7D16923BF9752092" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Tetralycosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetralycosa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetralycosa</taxonomicName>
Roewer, 1960. The row of the anterior eyes in the latter three genera is generally wider than the row of the posterior median eyes and therefore these genera are thought to form a natural group (
<bibRefCitation id="D60E0879500ABE109C861E914A205575" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="273 - 292" title="Revision of the wolf spider genus Diahogna Roewer, 1960 (Araneae, Lycosidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930600661953" volume="40" year="2006">Framenau 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="471D73CD9981CA24E673C624E60A435F" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="113 - 142" title="Revision of the new Australian wolf spider genus Kangarosa (Araneae: Lycosidae: Artoriinae)." volume="68" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6E6B6EA6D1A7FAC54B64955951DD4044" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 72" title="Taxonomy, systematics and biology of the Australian halotolerant wolf spider genus Tetralycosa (Araneae: Lycosidae: Artoriinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2017.335" volume="335" year="2017">Framenau and Hudson 2017</bibRefCitation>
). In contrast, species in
<taxonomicName id="E02F79218973493714536742F86445E8" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 2
<normalizedToken id="6CE194E0764F6AA68B7AA04082C9A24E" originalValue="A–E">A-E</normalizedToken>
) and
<taxonomicName id="388C31A89E6398E43F215C98B4C826C1" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoriopsis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoriopsis</taxonomicName>
generally have the anterior eye row narrower than the posterior median eye row.
<taxonomicName id="1F575631C62D55D5D8159E4F7EA77F7E" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoriopsis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoriopsis</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="59660D1C145F08D5E286E2D3C7BBF2E7" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria</taxonomicName>
by a more elongated carapace that is adorned by distinct light lateral bands, and a distinct colouration of the abdomen with a central diamond-shaped black spot (with the exception of
<taxonomicName id="ABD2A0F3AB656D0505B9CEA734694075" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoriopsis whitehouseae" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="whitehouseae">Artoriopsis whitehouseae</taxonomicName>
Framenau, 2007, which has a black abdomen with irregular light central band (
<bibRefCitation id="E09F447030F23A9C1CCDB28E9B420322" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 34" title="Revision of the new Australian genus Artoriopsis in a new subfamily of wolf spiders, Artoriinae (Araneae: Lycosidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1391.1.1" volume="1391" year="2007">Framenau 2007</bibRefCitation>
)). There are also genus-specific differences between the male pedipalps of all genera, specifically with respect to the basoembolic and tegular apophyses. For example, the tegular apophyses in
<taxonomicName id="C9A3591489E2D9A10CCD26F9CD16CF2C" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Diahogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diahogna" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diahogna</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3558D8BAA8F5D21C88E997B05D0593FF" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Kangarosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kangarosa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kangarosa</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EA1E2C3F1D6BEB59ACD34ADE0C45C43E" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Tetralycosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetralycosa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetralycosa</taxonomicName>
are generally wider at the base than apically, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="93662511B47008A0853E585335DBC1F8" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria</taxonomicName>
they are narrow at the base and widen apically. The tegular apophysis of
<taxonomicName id="AD227965620CEDEFDE857E1602F9A9C7" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoriopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoriopsis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoriopsis</taxonomicName>
is variable and in general most similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="694A4DD5B54689339175833E7A63C948" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria</taxonomicName>
, but the genera are easily distinguished by the somatic characters above.
</paragraph>
<caption id="226393F6A9546080FD160FCD8CDEDA9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
<paragraph id="EBFC391881023DF5303ECA6E98EC6B6C" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName id="DB13BDF153BFA54F2D7479889E9884DA" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Artoria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Artoria" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Artoria</taxonomicName>
males, anterior eye row, frontal view: A,
<taxonomicName id="4AA14722EF946CB82F6D05D60D8FA191" lsidName="A. strepera" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" rank="species" species="strepera">A. strepera</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (AM KS127760) straight, evenly spaced; B,
<taxonomicName id="AF32C58169CE84A29880C4A94B02844E" lsidName="A. barringtonensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" rank="species" species="barringtonensis">A. barringtonensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (AM KS122794) straight, distance between AME/AME at least twice of AME/ALE.; C,
<taxonomicName id="1448F9F602EDA46377526D468BEF59D0" lsidName="A. kanangra" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" rank="species" species="kanangra">A. kanangra</taxonomicName>
(KS45008) slightly procurved, evenly spaced; D,
<taxonomicName id="F22BA8866290745C80F944C8C59ACB54" lsidName="A. belfordensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" rank="species" species="belfordensis">A. belfordensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (AM KS127759) eyes strongly procurved, evenly spaced.; E,
<taxonomicName id="B6ECACCC970E932A54323C51B9660796" lsidName="A. extraordinaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" rank="species" species="extraordinaria">A. extraordinaria</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (AM KS128074) eyes strongly procurved, distance between AME/ALE at least twice AME/AME. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="90A40577C719E3AEBA6BC308FC230139" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" type="description">
<paragraph id="3390FF2DB3664843A8CFACE5775E18E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85E4F74DB8BCA463E64543473D299E95" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">
(after
<bibRefCitation id="50B8F0F9F9B74B8A90531BC90A36381C" author="Framenau, VW" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="169" pagination="209 - 235" title="Review of the wolf spider genus Artoria Thorell (Araneae: Lycosidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1071/IT01028" volume="16" year="2002">Framenau 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Small to medium-sized wolf spiders (total length ca. 2.5-10 mm); males slightly smaller than females; carapace brown to black with darker radial pattern; light median and lateral bands sometimes present; abdomen brown to dark grey, often with mottled pattern and mostly with a light lanceolate heart mark; carapace longer than wide, dorsal profile straight in lateral view; head flanks in frontal view steep in most males but may be a gentle slope in females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="049F10A5B1D6B8AB71FF93C8B4BE7ECF" pageId="0" pageNumber="169">Chelicerae with three (rarely one or two) promarginal and three (rarely one or two) retromarginal teeth; labium as long as or slightly longer than wide; leg formula IV&gt;I&gt;I&gt;III; tegular apophysis located apically at tegulum and of variable shape; basoembolic apophysis broad, heavily sclerotised and bent ventrally; embolus of varying shape (slim to very thick); terminal apophysis functioning as conductor, sometimes forming a groove for the resting embolus; most species with varying number of macrosetae at tip of male cymbium; a scopulate patch of setae occasionally present dorsally on cymbium. Epigyne variable, a simple opening of varying shape or covered by a sclerotised ovoid plate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.589.7933" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6d2188dd-976a-47a7-b857-5a14d5eb2081" ID-PMC="PMC4926661" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-589-23" ID-PubMed="27408533" ID-ZBK="EECEC70CA98343C486A208CD536293EB" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-589-23" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 589" ModsDocTitle="The first revision of the carnivorous land snail family Streptaxidae in Laos, with description of three new species (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Streptaxidae)" checkinTime="1463539066408" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Inkhavilay, Khamla, Siriboon, Thanit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Rowson, Ben &amp; Panha, Somsak" docDate="2016" docId="E4E68B4AED1C33387648A45A44CB31C0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 589: 23-53" docOrigin="ZooKeys 589" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.589.7933" docTitle="Perrottetia unidentata Inkhavilay &amp; Panha, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="B47C107D-B7A5-4D70-8640-47F10AE13AC7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FFF6FFEEFFBEFFA73169C413B161FFDC" masterDocTitle="The first revision of the carnivorous land snail family Streptaxidae in Laos, with description of three new species (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Streptaxidae)" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1668163105615" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The first revision of the carnivorous land snail family Streptaxidae in Laos, with description of three new species (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Streptaxidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Inkhavilay, Khamla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Siriboon, Thanit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Rowson, Ben</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number>589</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127892683" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B47C107D-B7A5-4D70-8640-47F10AE13AC7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4E68B4AED1C33387648A45A44CB31C0" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Taxon classification Animalia Pulmonata Streptaxidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B47C107D-B7A5-4D70-8640-47F10AE13AC7" authority="Inkhavilay &amp; Panha" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia unidentata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unidentata">Perrottetia unidentata Inkhavilay &amp; Panha</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="13" pageNumber="36">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 1, 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
, 7E, F, 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
, I; Table 1
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Holotype CUMZ 6281 (Fig. 5F). Measurement: shell height 5.3 mm, shell width 9.7 mm and
<normalizedToken originalValue="6½">61/2</normalizedToken>
whorls. Paratypes CUMZ 6282 (4 shells; Fig. 5G), CUMZ 6283 (1 specimen in ethanol; Figs 7E, F, 9
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
, I), NHMUK 20160250 (2 shells).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Figure 6. Shells of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Perrottetia</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Indoartemon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Indoartemon" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Indoartemon</taxonomicName>
spp. A, B
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia megadentata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="megadentata">Perrottetia megadentata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. A holotype CUMZ 6286 with apertural dentition, and B paratype CUMZ 6287. C
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Indoartemon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Indoartemon tridens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tridens">Indoartemon tridens</taxonomicName>
holotype SMF 108507/1 with apertural dentition
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Indoartemon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Indoartemon diodonta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diodonta">Indoartemon diodonta</taxonomicName>
sp. n. D holotype CUMZ 6289 with apertural dentition E paratypes CUMZ 6290, and F specimen from Tam Nang Ann, Tha Khek, Khammouan CUMZ 2691.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Figure 7. Genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Haploptychius</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Perrottetia</taxonomicName>
species. A, B
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius pellucens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellucens">Haploptychius pellucens</taxonomicName>
CUMZ 2670 A reproductive system, and B insertion of vas deferens into penial sheath C, D
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius porrectus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="porrectus">Haploptychius porrectus</taxonomicName>
CUMZ 6274 C reproductive system, and D insertion of vas deferens into penial sheath E, F
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia unidentata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unidentata">Perrottetia unidentata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. CUMZ 6283 E reproductive system, and F insertion of vas deferens into penial sheath.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Figure 8. Genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius pellucens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellucens">Haploptychius pellucens</taxonomicName>
A completed reproductive system CUMZ 2670 B, C completed reproductive system with &quot;vaginal caecum&quot; CUMZ 6265, and D aphallic reproductive system CUMZ 6265.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Figure 9. Internal sculpture of genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Haploptychius</taxonomicName>
spp.
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius pellucens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellucens">Haploptychius pellucens</taxonomicName>
, CUMZ 2670 A details of atrium surface B arrangement of penial hooks C top view of penial hook (from white square in B) D arrangement of penial hooks E lateral view of penial hook, and F arrangement of undulated parallel vaginal folds.
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–M">G-M</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius porrectus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="porrectus">Haploptychius porrectus</taxonomicName>
specimen CUMZ 6275 G details of atrium surface H arrangement of penial hooks in distal area I lateral view of penial hook in distal area J arrangement of penial hooks in proximal area K lateral view of penial hook in proximal area L arrangement of papillae and vaginal folds, and M arrangement of vaginal folds.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Tam Than Kaisone, Viengxay, Houaphanh, Laos: CUMZ 6284 (5 shell; Fig. 5I), CUMZ 6285 (2 shells; Fig. 5H).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
The limestone outcrop at Ban Nawit, Viengxay, Houaphanh, Laos (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="20.377028">20°22'37.3&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="104.27867">104°16'43.2&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
) about 700 meters above mean sea level.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
This new species differs from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia daedaleus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="daedaleus">Perrottetia daedaleus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Perrotettia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Perrotettia aquilonaria" order="Celastrales" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilonaria">Perrotettia aquilonaria</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">Perrottetia dugasti</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia messageri" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="messageri">Perrottetia messageri</taxonomicName>
from Vietnam in having an oblique shell, a single parietal lamella, widely expanded lip, the last whorl strongly axially deflected, the left side of penultimate whorl well extended beyond the diameter of last whorl, and the distal end of penis with a wing-like structure. The other four species have two parietal lamellae, the last whorl little axially deflected and the left side of penultimate whorl not extended beyond the diameter of the last whorl. For further comparison,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia daedaleus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="daedaleus">Perrottetia daedaleus</taxonomicName>
has an elevated spire, transverse ridges over the entire shell and a basal lamella located deep inside aperture (Fig. 5C);
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Perrotettia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Perrotettia aquilonaria" order="Celastrales" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aquilonaria">Perrotettia aquilonaria</taxonomicName>
has a smaller shell, elevated spire, bifid columellar lamella, and genitalia with atrial pores and vaginal hooks absent (Fig. 5E);
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">Perrottetia dugasti</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia messageri" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="messageri">Perrottetia messageri</taxonomicName>
have a smooth shell surface, a bifid collumella lamella and a supracolumellar lamella (Fig. 5A, D).
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia gudei" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gudei">Perrottetia gudei</taxonomicName>
from north Vietnam differs from the new species in having an elevated spire, in being less deviated from the vertical axis, and in having thin transverse ridges (see
<bibRefCitation author="Siriboon, T" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="24" pageNumber="47" pagination="41 - 57" title="Three new species of the carnivorous snail genus Perrottetia Kobelt, 1905 from Thailand (Pulmonata, Streptaxidae)." url="10.3897/zookeys.287.4572" volume="287" year="2013">Siriboon et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Shell. Shell oblique-heliciform, semi-transparent; whorls
<normalizedToken originalValue="6½">61/2</normalizedToken>
, spire weakly convex with distinct suture. Shell surface glossy with strong transverse ridges on upper shell surface. Embryonic shell large, about
<normalizedToken originalValue="2½">21/2</normalizedToken>
whorls, with a smooth surface; following whorls regularly coiled. Shell periphery shouldered; last whorl axially deflected; two deep longitudinal furrows present. Aperture semi-ovate; peristome discontinuous; parietal callus thin; lip thickened, broadly expanded and slightly reflected. Apertural dentition with one large, strong and sinuous parietal lamella, one small upper palatal lamella, one palatal lamella, one large basal lamella, one strong columellar lamella, and one small supracolumellar lamella. Umbilicus widely open and shallow (Fig. 5
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–I">F-I</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Radula. Each row consists of 26-38 teeth with formula (13-19)-1-(13-19). Central tooth small and triangular, with pointed cusp. Lateral and marginal teeth undifferentiated, lanceolate, unicuspid. Latero-marginal teeth gradually reduce in size, with outermost teeth much smaller and shorter than inner teeth (Fig. 10I).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Figure 10. Internal sculpture of genitalia of
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia unidentata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unidentata">Perrottetia unidentata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. paratype CUMZ 6283 A details of atrium surface B arrangement of penial hooks C top view of penial hook D lateral view of penial hooks E arrangement of vaginal hooks, and F top view of vaginal hook. Radula morphology of G
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius pellucens" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pellucens">Haploptychius pellucens</taxonomicName>
specimen CUMZ 2670 H
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Haploptychius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Haploptychius porrectus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="porrectus">Haploptychius porrectus</taxonomicName>
specimen CUMZ 6275, and I
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Perrottetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Perrottetia unidentata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="36" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unidentata">Perrottetia unidentata</taxonomicName>
sp. n. paratype CUMZ 6283.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">Genital organs. Atrium (at) short. Proximal penis (p) long and slender; distal part near retractor muscle with an expanded wing-like structure (a flat blade on either side of the penis, each about one-tenth of penis length). Penial sheath (ps) thin and extending about one-third of penis length; penial sheath retractor muscle (psr) very thin, originating at atrium and inserting distally on penial sheath (Fig. 7E). Vas deferens (vd) passes through about one-third of penial sheath length before entering into penis apically (Fig. 7F). Penial retractor muscle (pr) thin and long, inserted at penis and vas deferens junction.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="36">
Internal wall of atrium generally smooth (Fig. 10A). Penial wall densely covered with light brown penial hooks, about 20 hooks/200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
2; hooks located on low elliptical penial papillae. Penial hooks small (&lt;0.1 mm in length), slender, expanded at base, tips pointed and curved towards genital orifice (Fig. 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="37" start="start">Vagina</pageBreakToken>
(v) short, about one-tenth of penis length. Gametolytic duct (gd) a long tube extending as far as albumin gland; gametolytic sac (gs) ovate. Free oviduct (fo) long and cylindrical with equivalent diameter to vagina, tapering distally. Oviduct (ov) enlarged and folded; prostate gland inconspicuous and bound to oviduct. Talon (ta) very small, short and club shape. Hermaphroditic duct (hd) bearing very short and thin seminal vesicle (sv) about one and half times longer than the length from talon to branching point of seminal vesicle (Fig. 7E).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">
Vaginal wall with transparent vaginal hooks (about 10 hooks/200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
2). Hooks located on low conical vaginal papillae. Vaginal hooks small (&lt;0.1 mm in length), short and expanded at base; tips pointed and straight to slightly curving away from genital orifice (Fig. 10E, F).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">
The specific epithet
<normalizedToken originalValue="“unidentata”">&quot;unidentata&quot;</normalizedToken>
derived from the Latin words
<normalizedToken originalValue="“unus”">&quot;unus&quot;</normalizedToken>
meaning
<normalizedToken originalValue="“one”">&quot;one&quot;</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken originalValue="“dens”">&quot;dens&quot;</normalizedToken>
meaning
<normalizedToken originalValue="“tooth”">&quot;tooth&quot;</normalizedToken>
. It referred to a single parietal lamella (or teeth) of the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">This species is known only from the type locality, Houaphanh, a limestone karst area.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="37">Shell variation is evident from specimens from Tam Than Kaisone, about 20 km west of the type locality (Fig. 5H, I; CUMZ 6284, 6285). They are smaller, with a sinuous parietal lamella, and sometimes lack the upper palatal lamella (Table 1). However, only five shells and no living specimens were collected, so we provisionally identifying them as the same species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>