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Dalman, 1820
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(Walker, 1837,
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(Walker, 1837,
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Wesmael, 1853
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<taxonomicName id="1C210895FE07FFE9C8367E1A54897A1D" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ethelurgina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethelurgina cautus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cautus">cautus</taxonomicName>
(Berthoumieu, 1898,
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)
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<taxonomicName id="7199435578C23BB026C7BBAD1C38852F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Ethelurgina" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethelurgina rufipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">rufipes</taxonomicName>
Constantineanu, 1951
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<paragraph id="F2F3728E6DCD5CFEC9C5982E2BD150F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">England</paragraph>
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11.
<taxonomicName LSID="E4CB5244-3A6A-5AC9-AE86-878ECCF5A85D" authority="Sw., Prodr. 92: 1788." authorityName="Sw., Prodr. 92:" authorityYear="1788" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Tanaecium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tanaecium jaroba" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaroba">Tanaecium jaroba Sw., Prodr. 92: 1788.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Morphological diversity of Tanaecium. A-K Flowers A T. bilabiatum B T. dichotomum C T. duckei D T. jaroba E T. parviflorum F T. pyramidatum G T. revillae H T. tetragonolobum I T. tetramerum J T. truncatum K T. xanthophyllum. L-P Fruits L T. bilabiatum M T. cyrtanthum N T. jaroba O T. selloi P T. tetragonolobum. Q-T Seeds Q T. cyrtanthum R T. jaroba S T. revillae T T. selloi. Photos by A. Frazao, except A by B. Gomes B by R. Lopes E, M by C. Siniscalchi G by E. Kataoka H by Stevens I by Parada-Gutierrez J by L. H. M. Fonseca." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.132.37538.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/342579" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" tableDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.132.37538.figure1">Fig. 1D, N, R</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Jamaica, s. loc., s.d., O. Swartz s.n. (holotype, S not seen).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sw., Prodr. 92:" authorityYear="1788" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Tanaecium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tanaecium jaroba" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaroba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Tanaecium jaroba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in flooded and swampy forests (
<bibRefCitation author="Gentry, AH" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" refId="B9" refString="Gentry, AH, 1997. Bignoniaceae. In Steyermark JA, Berry PE, Holst BK (Eds) Fl. Venez. Guayana. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 3, 403-491." title="Bignoniaceae. In Steyermark JA, Berry PE, Holst BK (Eds) Fl. Venez. Guayana. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 3, 403 - 491." year="1997">Gentry 1997</bibRefCitation>
) in Bolivia (Beni, La Paz), Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
, Roraima), Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Atlántico">Atlantico</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">Caqueta</normalizedToken>
, La Guajira, Magdalena, Sucre), Costa Rica (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
), Ecuador (Napo, Orellana), French Guiana (Cayenne), Guyana, Lesser Antilles (Jamaica, St. Vincent),
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
), Peru (Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali), Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guárico">Guarico</normalizedToken>
, Zulia).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="40" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Flowering: April to August and November to December; fruiting: March to August and December.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="40" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="40">
This species has the longest wide infundibular white flowers in the whole tribe
<taxonomicName authorityName="O.Swartz" authorityYear="1788" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="tribe" tribe="Bignonieae">Bignonieae</taxonomicName>
, with corollas up to 35 cm long (
<bibRefCitation author="Gentry, AH" journalOrPublisher="Novon" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" refId="B9" refString="Gentry, AH, 1997. Bignoniaceae. In Steyermark JA, Berry PE, Holst BK (Eds) Fl. Venez. Guayana. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 3, 403-491." title="Bignoniaceae. In Steyermark JA, Berry PE, Holst BK (Eds) Fl. Venez. Guayana. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis 3, 403 - 491." year="1997">Gentry 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Howard, RA" editor="Howard, RA" journalOrPublisher="Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge" pageId="17" pageNumber="48" pagination="312 - 336" refId="B13" refString="Howard, RA, 1989. Bignoniaceae. In: Howard, RA, Ed., Flora of the Great Antilles: Leeward and Windward Islands. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University, Cambridge 6: 312 - 336" title="Bignoniaceae." volume="6" volumeTitle="Flora of the Great Antilles: Leeward and Windward Islands." year="1989">Howard 1989</bibRefCitation>
). It is most morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. crucigerum" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="species" species="crucigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">T. crucigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares ellipsoid fruits that bear wingless woody seeds (Tab.
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Characters useful to recognize Tanaecium species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3FCD43D7CC198CD76572A0AD43FE5C85" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" tableUuid="3FCD43D7CC198CD76572A0AD43FE5C85">1</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sw., Prodr. 92:" authorityYear="1788" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Tanaecium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tanaecium jaroba" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaroba">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">Tanaecium jaroba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. crucigerum" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="species" species="crucigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">T. crucigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the glabrous or pubescent leaflets abaxially (vs. whitish-tomentose leaflets abaxially in
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. crucigerum" pageId="9" pageNumber="40" rank="species" species="crucigerum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="40">T. crucigerum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

57
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[
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Anas minor, purpureo capite.
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1.
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95.
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95.
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<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in aquis dulcibus</emphasis>
Americae
<emphasis italics="true">septentrionalis.</emphasis>
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91
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="126">Type locality.</emphasis>
-
</paragraph>
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-
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="126">CAR, Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Lake 1, Base camp, laboratory tent, night capture 29.I.2012 (♂) (Collector NM and PA) (RCNM); Lake 1, Base camp, Genitalia Moulin NM0040 (1♂), UV trap 07-12.II.2012 (5♂) (Collector NM and PA) (RCNM).</paragraph>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Calypogeia goebelii (Schiffn.) Steph.: A plant habit, fragment, ventral view B, C leaves D, E Underleaves Calypogeia ceylanica S. Hatt. et Mizut.: F plant habit, fragment, dorsal view G plant habit, fragment, ventral view H, I, J underleaves K, L, M leaves Calypogeia cuspidata (Steph.) Steph.: N plant habit, fragment, dorsal view O plant habit, fragment, ventral view P underleaf Q leaf Calypogeia japonica Steph. R plant habit, fragment, ventral view S plant habit, fragment, dorsal view T, U, Z, AC, AD, AE, AF underleaves V, W, X, Y, AA, AB leaves. A-E from Syntype G 00115804; F-M isotype G 00064248; N-Q lectotype G 00069713; R-W from Neotype G 00047413 / 9720; X-Z, AE, AF from G 00047412 / 9717; AA-AD from holotype of Calypogeia ovifolia H. Inoue TNS 76048." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.153.52920.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432967" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Figures 6A-E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Calypogeia marginella Mitt.: A plant habit, fragment, ventral view B leaf C leaf margin cells D underleaf Calypogeia tosana (Steph.) Steph.: F, G underleaves H leaf I leaf middle cells Calypogeia goebelii (Schiffn.) Steph. J plant habit, fragment, ventral view K, L leaf M leaf middle cells Scale: 1 mm (A, J); 500 µm (B, H, K, L); 200 µm (D, F, G); 50 µm (C, I, M). A, B, C, D from Syntype G 00113555 / 5289; F, G, H, I from Holotype G 00047274 / 26013; J, K, L, M Syntype G 00115804." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.153.52920.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/432969" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">, 8J-M</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Basionym.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schiffner" authorityYear="1893" class="Jungermanniopsida" family="Calypogeiaceae" genus="Kantius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kantius goebelii" order="Jungermanniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="goebelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Kantius goebelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schiffn., Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 60 (2): 260. 1893.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Java. K. Goebel (syntype: G [G00115804!]).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="111" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">
The species was described from Java based on K. Goebel specimen (
<bibRefCitation author="Schiffner, V" journalOrPublisher="Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" pagination="219 - 316" refId="B60" refString="Schiffner, V, 1893. Ueber exotische Hepaticae, hauptsaechlich aus Java, Amboina und Brasilien, nebst einigen morphologischen und kritischen Bemerkungen ueber Marchantia. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum 60 (2): 219 - 316" title="Ueber exotische Hepaticae, hauptsaechlich aus Java, Amboina und Brasilien, nebst einigen morphologischen und kritischen Bemerkungen ueber Marchantia." volume="60" year="1893">Schiffner 1893</bibRefCitation>
) and is mostly Malesian-Papuasian in distribution, probably reaching westward to northern Thailand (if the report by
<bibRefCitation author="Kitagawa, N" journalOrPublisher="Nova Hedwigia" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" pagination="163 - 170" refId="B39" refString="Kitagawa, N, 1988. Studies on the Hepaticae of Thailand V. The family Calypogeiaceae. Nova Hedwigia 90: 163 - 170" title="Studies on the Hepaticae of Thailand V. The family Calypogeiaceae." volume="90" year="1988">Kitagawa 1988</bibRefCitation>
is correct) and spreading eastward to Samoa. We did not see the specimens of this species from northern Indochina. However,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Mitt., J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 5 (18): 107. 1860" authorityYear="1861" class="Jungermanniopsida" family="Calypogeiaceae" genus="Calypogeia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calypogeia lunata" order="Jungermanniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="species" species="lunata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Calypogeia lunata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite abundant, morphologically malleable and provides some modifications superficially resembling
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. goebelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="goebelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">C. goebelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in northern Vietnam, although never having such distinctly lobed leaves as occur in
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘true’">'true'</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. goebelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="goebelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">C. goebelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nor narrow underleaves (1.5-2.0 as wide as the stem, as commonly occurs in
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. goebelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="goebelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">C. goebelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Moreover,
<bibRefCitation author="Kitagawa, N" journalOrPublisher="Nova Hedwigia" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" pagination="163 - 170" refId="B39" refString="Kitagawa, N, 1988. Studies on the Hepaticae of Thailand V. The family Calypogeiaceae. Nova Hedwigia 90: 163 - 170" title="Studies on the Hepaticae of Thailand V. The family Calypogeiaceae." volume="90" year="1988">Kitagawa (1988)</bibRefCitation>
did not observe blue oil bodies in his specimens, and he provides a yellowish color for the plants, whereas the plants that have blue oil bodies commonly develop greenish-whitish to grayish pigmentation in the herbarium. Thus, it is an open question whether the specimens named
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. goebelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="goebelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">C. goebelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Kitagawa truly even belong to the blue-oil-bodied
<taxonomicName authorityName="Raddi" authorityYear="1818" class="Jungermanniopsida" family="Calypogeiaceae" genus="Calypogeia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calypogeia" order="Jungermanniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" phylum="Marchantiophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">Calypogeia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. The type of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. goebelii" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="goebelii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">C. goebelii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is actually similar to that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. tosana" pageId="0" pageNumber="111" rank="species" species="tosana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="111">C. tosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general outlook, and the differentiation from the latter in the absence of oil bodies is quite troublesome. Therefore, we are unable to confirm or reject this species from the northern Indochinese flora, although we doubt it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="111">
The description based on the isotype is as follows: plants brownish, pellucid, glistening, 1.5-2.5 mm wide, 5-8 cm long; stem 150-200
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, sparsely ventrally branched; rhizoids brownish, common to numerous, obliquely to erect spreading fascicles; leaves contiguous to somewhat distant, slightly convex, decurrent for 1-2 stem widths, 750-1250
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
575-1050
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, divided by U-shaped sinus into two acute lobes; underleaves, obliquely spreading, 1.5-2.5 as wide as stem, bisbifid, the undivided portion in the underleaf middle 2 cells high, arcuately inserted, not or barely decurrent; midleaf cells thin-walled, trigones very small, concave, 37.5-55.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
25.0-37.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>