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data/E4/CA/15/E4CA15BC08D359B0979DD87D8799703F.xml
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<paragraph id="41A2D6BFDA21CF4AB11F7768647E945E" pageId="0" pageNumber="54205">Life Form: therophyte; Voucher: Nacoulma 4627 (OUA-17218)</paragraph>
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32D5412201ED92920F0178FD68654A51" ID-CoL="YX89" authority="Viereck, 1910" authorityName="Viereck" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cotesia fiskei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fiskei">Cotesia fiskei (Viereck, 1910)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5038951CF240321046D2F1D160F855CA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="54625BD0B6782A2F954E45A95A8E0C50" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8CCBACB13E5C953BC982FC27377ED9C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">NEA.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CAE8B19C728964A13318BBDF58416E94" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D89CB1D1D31DBA307F401515B1DD2246" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8EC718C2CE9827E943671D848E22C34C" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Ontario, Stittsville, 45.258675 -75.921130, 1.viii.1951, F.I.S., Voucher Code: CNC474910, CNC474911, CNC474912, CNC474913, CNC474914, CNC474915, CNC474916, CNC474917, CNC474918, CNC474919, CNC474920, CNC474921; 31.vii.1951, F.I.S., Voucher Code: CNC474902, CNC474903, CNC474904, CNC474905, CNC474906, CNC474907, CNC474908, CNC474909; 45.258796 -75.92113, 31.vii.1951, Voucher Code: CNCHYM00466.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
552
data/E4/CA/6C/E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F.xml
Normal file
552
data/E4/CA/6C/E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,552 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083" ID-GBIF-Dataset="66de20ce-96b4-44da-b227-b63f5a33d3b6" ID-PMC="PMC8948170" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-193-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CFA3BB191D525DE49C9EA631697622C0" ID-PubMed="35586123" ModsDocID="1314-2003-193-43" checkinTime="1647574140191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Le, Khuong Duy, Nguyen, Thanh Trung, Nguyen, Phuong Thanh, Hoang, Thao Thi, Wen, Fang & Do, Truong Van" docDate="2022" docId="E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 193: 43-53" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 193" docPubDate="2022-03-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083" docTitle="Oreocharis phuongii T. V. Do 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="CFA3BB191D525DE49C9EA631697622C0" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="CFA3BB191D525DE49C9EA631697622C0" masterDocTitle="Oreocharis phuongii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from central Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1668140693477" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Oreocharis phuongii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from central Vietnam</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Le, Khuong Duy</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-8750</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Centre for Research on Ha Long Bay, Faculty of Environment, Ha Long University, 258</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Thanh Trung</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Nguyen, Phuong Thanh</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Hoang, Thao Thi</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>th</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Wen, Fang</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3889-8835</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam & Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Do, Truong Van</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0585-5513</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation>th & Bach Dang, Uong Bi, Quang Ninh, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dovantruong_bttn@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number>2022-03-17</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>193</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>43</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>53</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-193-43</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CFA3BB191D525DE49C9EA631697622C0</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194097460" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="E4CA6C5F-BB46-50D5-A68A-E97BAD099F0F" authority="T. V. Do" authorityName="T. V. Do" authorityYear="2022" class="Aves" family="Paramythiidae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis phuongii" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phuongii" status="sp. nov.">Oreocharis phuongii T.V.Do</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Holotype of Oreocharis phuongii sp. nov. (Truong Van Do ĐVT 368, deposited at VNMN)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659973" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Oreocharis phuongii sp. nov. (A-J) A habitat B habit showing cymose inflorescence C adaxial leaf surface D abaxial leaf surface E-F structure of floral parts (two pairs of anther and filament indicated by a white arrow; shape of pistil indicated by a green arrow) G frontal view of opened flower showing backwards incurved upper lobes, glabrous inner surface of three lower lobes and a bilobed matured stigma longer than stamens (indicated by a blue arrow) H lateral view of opened flower I close-up of opened flower (in frontal view) J close-up of 2 - paired stamens; O. longifolia (K-M) K habit L frontal view of opened flower showing brown to brownish-yellow inner surface of three lower lobes with dark-purple striations M lateral view of an opened flower. A-J photos by Do Van Truong K-M photos by Nicholas Turland." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659974" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">, 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution of Oreocharis phuongii sp. nov. from central Vietnam (shown by black stars)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659975" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">, 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2019-11-21" collectorName="Do Van Truong" country="Vietnam" county="Bach Ma National Park" elevation="545" latitude="16.13236" location="Thua Thien Hue Province" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.75089" municipality="Thuong Lo Commune" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F:1C1E2EBEC8E8D59A245A1E10575A0750" country="Vietnam" county="Bach Ma National Park" latitude="16.13236" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.75089" municipality="Thuong Lo Commune" name="Thua Thien Hue Province">Thua Thien Hue Province</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4CA6C5FBB4650D5A68AE97BAD099F0F:62681B3E3350C7E2B5E617FA9B7EE7DA" country="Vietnam" county="Bach Ma National Park" latitude="16.13236" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.75089" municipality="Thuong Lo Commune" name="Nam Dong District">Nam Dong District</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality>Thuong Lo Commune</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty>Bach Ma National Park</collectingCounty>
|
||||
, on moist rocks under evergreen broad-leaved forests,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="56.5" value="16.13236">16°07'56.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="03.2" value="107.75089">107°45'03.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, ca.
|
||||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" unit="m" value="545.0">
|
||||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" unit="m" value="545.0">545 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
alt.,
|
||||
<collectingDate value="2019-11-21">21 Nov 2019</collectingDate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName>Do Van Truong</collectorName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ĐVT">ĐVT</normalizedToken>
|
||||
368 (
|
||||
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: VNMN!; isotypes: IBK!, VNMN!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659973" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. V. Do" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis phuongii" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. (
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Truong Van Do
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ĐVT">ĐVT</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
368, deposited at VNMN).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
The new species is morphologically similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
W.H.Chen in having peduncles up to 22 cm long, bracts 2, zygomorphic, yellow flowers with tubular corolla, stamens 4 and capsules up to 6 cm long; but it differs from the latter in its elliptic to ovate lamina (vs. narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate), cuneate to nearly rounded leaf base (vs. attenuate), obtuse to almost rounded leaf apex (vs. acute), crenulate margin (vs. serrulate), 3-4.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.5-1.8 mm calyx lobe size (vs. 5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2-3 mm), glabrous inner surface of corolla tube (vs. sparsely glandular puberulent with dark-purple striations) and exclusively yellow inner surface of three lower lobes without dots and striations (vs. brown to brownish-yellow with purple dots and striations).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Perennial acaulescent herbs, with conspicuous 12-14 cm long stolons, densely brown woolly, with (6-)8-14 leaves in a basal rosette. Petioles 1-3 cm long, densely brown villous. Leaf-blade elliptic to ovate, 4-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2-2.8 cm, base cuneate to nearly rounded, apex obtuse to almost rounded, margin crenulate, adaxially dark-green, densely grey puberulous, abaxially pale-green, densely grey puberulous and browner appressed villous on main veins, secondary veins pinnate, 4-5 pairs, tertiary veins reticulate, lightly sunken on adaxial surface and conspicuously prominent on abaxial surface. Inflorescences cymose, subumbel-like, axillary, 2-3 cymes, each 1-3-flowered; peduncles 12-19(-22) cm long, erect, brown, sparsely villous to pubescent; bracts 2, linear-lanceolate to elliptic, 2-5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.5-2 mm, outside with sparse, brown hairs, inside glabrescent, margin entire; pedicels 2-3 cm long, with sparse, brown hairs, sometimes bearing additional bracts at 1/2 to upper 1/3 of pedicel length, similar in size and morphology with bracts at branching points. Calyx equally 5-lobed, free to base, lobes triangular to lanceolate, 3-4.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.5-1.8 mm, both surfaces with a dense covering of long gland-tipped and eglandular hairs, margin entire. Corolla, zygomorphic, yellow, bilabiate, outside sparsely pubescent, inside glabrous; tube tubular, 28-30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
12-13 mm, abrubtly constricted at base, 8-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2.5-3 mm; upper lip slightly 2-lobed; lobes ovate, 5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4.5-5 mm, incurved backwards, apex obtuse to acute; lower lip 3-lobed, lobes elliptic, broadly ovate to semi-orbicular; lateral lobes 8-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-6 mm; middle lobe broader than lateral lobes, 8-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-7.5 mm, apex obtuse to acute or rounded. Stamens 4, anthers coherent in two pairs, filaments linear, glabrous; filaments of upper pair 15-17 mm long, adnate at 7-8 mm from the base of corolla tube; filaments of lower pair 1.1-1.3 cm long, adnate at 9-10 mm from the base of corolla tube; anthers reniform, 1-1.5 mm long, basifixed, glabrous; staminode absent. Disc ca. 1.3 mm in height, margin orbicular, glabrous. Pistil 21-26 mm long; ovary ca. 2.5 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diam., glabrescent; style 17-22 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diam., pubescent, longer than upper pair of filaments when mature; stigma bilobed, V-shaped, 1-1.5 mm long, glabrous. Capsules linear-oblong, straight, 5-6(-8)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
ca. 0.3 cm, glabrous to glabrescent, loculicidal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659974" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. V. Do" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis phuongii" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. (
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A-J</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
|
||||
habitat
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
|
||||
habit showing cymose inflorescence
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
|
||||
adaxial leaf surface
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
|
||||
abaxial leaf surface
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">E-F</emphasis>
|
||||
structure of floral parts (two pairs of anther and filament indicated by a white arrow; shape of pistil indicated by a green arrow)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">G</emphasis>
|
||||
frontal view of opened flower showing backwards incurved upper lobes, glabrous inner surface of three lower lobes and a bilobed matured stigma longer than stamens (indicated by a blue arrow)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">H</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view of opened flower
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">I</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of opened flower (in frontal view)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">J</emphasis>
|
||||
close-up of 2-paired stamens;
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(K-M)
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">K</emphasis>
|
||||
habit
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">L</emphasis>
|
||||
frontal view of opened flower showing brown to brownish-yellow inner surface of three lower lobes with dark-purple striations
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">M</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view of an opened flower.
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A-J</emphasis>
|
||||
photos by Do Van Truong
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">K-M</emphasis>
|
||||
photos by Nicholas Turland.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
The specific epithet honours Prof. Dr. Vu Xuan Phuong who has contributed significantly to our understanding of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Gesneriaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Vietnam.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Flowering was observed from October to November. Fruiting may occur from November to December.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
The new species is currently known from some protected forest areas (viz. Dakrong Nature Reserve, Quang Tri Province and Bach Ma National Park, Thua Thien Hue Province) within the Annamite Range, central Vietnam (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution of Oreocharis phuongii sp. nov. from central Vietnam (shown by black stars)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659975" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The new species grows on moist shady cliffs on the humus-rich limestone hills and moist rocks under evergreen broad-leaved forests, at elevations of 360-650 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659975" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. V. Do" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis phuongii" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. nov. from central Vietnam (shown by black stars).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="proposed iucn conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Proposed IUCN conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Two large-sized populations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. V. Do" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis phuongii" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were found in the core-zones of Dakrong Nature Reserve, Quang Tri Province and Bach Ma National Park, Thua Thien Hue Province, central Vietnam, which are almost entirely covered by primary forest and are well protected. Furthermore, our field observations of these populations indicated that there are many healthy individuals and seedlings that regenerate in well-protected habitats and there is no immediate threat to the populations from human activities. Thus, the new species is probably not at risk in the near future. This species is preliminarily assessed as Least Concern (LC) according to the IUCN Categories and Criteria (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" publicationUrl="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" refId="B12" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee, 2019. Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" title="Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/redlistguidelines" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
In the size and shape of the corolla and the structure of inflorescences,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. phuongii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to some species with the acaulescent and rosette-forming stems of the formerly circumscribed
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Briggsia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Briggsia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Briggsia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which previously comprised ca. 30 species and four varieties and was mainly distributed in Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar and Vietnam (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, WT" editor="Wang, WT" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 69. Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="125 - 581" refId="B32" refString="Wang, WT, Pan, KY, Zhang, ZY, Li, ZY, 1990. Gesneriaceae. In: Wang, WT, Ed., Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Vol. 69. Science Press, Beijing: 125 - 581" title="Gesneriaceae." volumeTitle="Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae." year="1990">Wang et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, WT" editor="Wu, ZY" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 18. Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="244 - 401" refId="B33" refString="Wang, WT, Pan, KY, Li, ZY, Weitzman, AL, Skog, LE, 1998. Gesneriaceae. In: Wu, ZY, Raven, PH, Eds., Flora of China. Vol. 18. Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis: 244 - 401" title="Gesneriaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of China." year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Vu, PX" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" refId="B31" refString="Vu, PX, 2018. Gesneriaceae. In: Tran TH (Ed.) Flora of Vietnam. Vol. 18. Technology & Science Publishing House, Hanoi." title="Gesneriaceae. In: Tran TH (Ed.) Flora of Vietnam. Vol. 18. Technology & Science Publishing House, Hanoi." year="2018">Vu 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Nineteen species and four varieties of acaulescent, rosette forming
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Briggsia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Briggsia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Briggsia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Craib, WG" journalOrPublisher="Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="255 - 268" refId="B10" refString="Craib, WG, 1920. Didissandra and allied genera in China and N India. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 11: 255 - 268" title="Didissandra and allied genera in China and N India." volume="11" year="1920">Craib 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Pan, KY" journalOrPublisher="Acta Phytotaxa Sinica" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="450 - 457" refId="B26" refString="Pan, KY, 1988. New taxa of Briggsia Craib (Gesneriaceae) from China. Acta Phytotaxa Sinica 26: 450 - 457" title="New taxa of Briggsia Craib (Gesneriaceae) from China." volume="26" year="1988">Pan 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) were moved to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
s.l. in a later revision (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.23.1.1" author="Moeller, M" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 36" refId="B21" refString="Moeller, M, Middleton, D, Nishii, K, Wei, YG, Sontag, S, Weber, A, 2011. A new delineation for Oreocharis incorporating an additional ten genera of Chinese Gesneriaceae. Phytotaxa 23 (1): 1 - 36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.23.1.1" title="A new delineation for Oreocharis incorporating an additional ten genera of Chinese Gesneriaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.23.1.1" volume="23" year="2011">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möller">Moeller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Moeller, M" journalOrPublisher="Gardens' Bulletin (Singapore)" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="195 - 205" refId="B22" refString="Moeller, M, Chen, WH, Shui, YM, Atkins, H, Middleton, DJ, 2014. A new genus of Gesneriaceae in China and the transfer of Briggsia species to other genera. Gardens' Bulletin (Singapore) 66: 195 - 205" title="A new genus of Gesneriaceae in China and the transfer of Briggsia species to other genera." volume="66" year="2014">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Of which,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. phuongii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Craib) Mich.
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möller">Moeller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& A.Weber in having peduncles up to 22 cm long, bracts 2, zygomorphic, yellow flowers with tubular corolla, stamen 4 with two pairs of coherent anthers and capsules up to 6 cm long, but it clearly differs from the latter in the shape of leaf blade, leaf base, leaf apex, leaf margin, number of flowers, shape and size of calyx lobes, inner surface of corolla tube and inner surface of three lower corolla lobes. Detailed morphological comparisons of the new species with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are shown in Table
|
||||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Detailed morphological comparisons of Oreocharis phuongii with O. longifolia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CB8F9F16282C6CCAD3CEBE04038A090B" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="CB8F9F16282C6CCAD3CEBE04038A090B">1</tableCitation>
|
||||
and Figure
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Oreocharis phuongii sp. nov. (A-J) A habitat B habit showing cymose inflorescence C adaxial leaf surface D abaxial leaf surface E-F structure of floral parts (two pairs of anther and filament indicated by a white arrow; shape of pistil indicated by a green arrow) G frontal view of opened flower showing backwards incurved upper lobes, glabrous inner surface of three lower lobes and a bilobed matured stigma longer than stamens (indicated by a blue arrow) H lateral view of opened flower I close-up of opened flower (in frontal view) J close-up of 2 - paired stamens; O. longifolia (K-M) K habit L frontal view of opened flower showing brown to brownish-yellow inner surface of three lower lobes with dark-purple striations M lateral view of an opened flower. A-J photos by Do Van Truong K-M photos by Nicholas Turland." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.193.77083.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/659974" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">2</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="CB8F9F16282C6CCAD3CEBE04038A090B" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CB8F9F16282C6CCAD3CEBE04038A090B" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Detailed morphological comparisons of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="T. V. Do" authorityYear="2022" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis phuongii" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. phuongii" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phuongii">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. phuongii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp.nov.
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
*
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Stems</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">with conspicuous stolons</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">without stolons</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Leaves</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">lamina</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">elliptic to ovate</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">base</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">cuneate to nearly rounded</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">attenuate</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">apex</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">obtuse to almost rounded</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">acute</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">margin</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">crenulate</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">serrulate</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Cymes</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">1-3-flowered</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">1-10-flowered</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Peduncle length (cm)</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">12-19(-22)</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">5.5-22</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Calyx</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">shape</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">equally 5-lobed, lobes triangular to lanceolate</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">subequally 5-lobed, lobes ovate</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">size (mm)</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||||
3-4.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.5-1.8
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||||
5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2-3
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Corolla</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">tube size (cm)</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||||
2.8-3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.2-1.3
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">
|
||||
(1-)1.8-2.3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
0.8-1.6
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">outer surface of tube</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">sparsely pubescent</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">densely trichomes</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">inner surface of tube</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">glabrous without striations</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">sparsely glandular puberulent with purple striations</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">inner surface of three lower lobes</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">exclusively yellow without dots and striations</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">brown to brownish-yellow with purple dots and striations</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Distribution</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">Central Vietnam</td>
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rowspan="1">South-western China and northern Myanmar</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<tableNote pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
* Morphological characters following
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, WT" editor="Wu, ZY" journalOrPublisher="Vol. 18. Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="244 - 401" refId="B33" refString="Wang, WT, Pan, KY, Li, ZY, Weitzman, AL, Skog, LE, 1998. Gesneriaceae. In: Wu, ZY, Raven, PH, Eds., Flora of China. Vol. 18. Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae. Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis: 244 - 401" title="Gesneriaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of China." year="1998">Wang et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and our own observations.
|
||||
</tableNote>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
This new species is the first record of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurring in central Vietnam, which raised the species number of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Vietnam to nine. Amongst the nine known
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species from Vietnam, the new species shares the yellow to orange corolla with five other species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. aurea" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. aurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. argyrophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argyrophylla">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. argyrophylla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. grandiflora" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. grandiflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longituba" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longituba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longituba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. tribracteata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tribracteata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. tribracteata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs69(2).2017-08" author="Chen, WH" journalOrPublisher="Gardens' Bulletin (Singapore)" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="295 - 305" refId="B8" refString="Chen, WH, Middleton, DJ, Nguyen, HQ, Nguyen, HT, Averyanov, LV, Chen, RZ, Nguyen, KS, Moeller, M, Shui, YM, 2017. Two new species of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae) from Northwest Vietnam. Gardens' Bulletin (Singapore) 69 (2): 295 - 305, DOI: https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs69(2).2017-08" title="Two new species of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae) from Northwest Vietnam." url="https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs69(2).2017-08" volume="69" year="2017">Chen et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.21329" author="Chen, WH" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="95 - 106" refId="B9" refString="Chen, WH, Nguyen, QH, Chen, RZ, Nguyen, TH, Nguyen, SK, Nguyen, VT, Moeller, M, Middleton, DJ, Shui, YM, 2018. Two new species of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae) from Fan Si Pan, the highest mountain in Vietnam. PhytoKeys 94: 95 - 106, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.21329" title="Two new species of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae) from Fan Si Pan, the highest mountain in Vietnam." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.94.21329" volume="94" year="2018">2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428618000148" author="Moeller, M" journalOrPublisher="Edinburgh Journal of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="309 - 319" refId="B24" refString="Moeller, M, Atkins, HJ, Bramley, GLC, Middleton, DJ, Baines, R, Nguyen, VD, Bui, HQ, Barber, S, 2018. Two new species of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae) from Northern Vietnam. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 75 (3): 309 - 319, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428618000148" title="Two new species of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae) from Northern Vietnam." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960428618000148" volume="75" year="2018">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möller">Moeller</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, it is clearly different from these five species by having a tubular corolla tube (vs. funnel to narrowly funnel corolla tube in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. argyrophylla" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argyrophylla">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. argyrophylla</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. grandiflora" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. grandiflora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. longituba" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longituba">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. longituba</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. tribracteata" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tribracteata">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. tribracteata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and urceolate corolla tube in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="O. aurea" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aurea">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">O. aurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40379" author="Jin, X" journalOrPublisher="Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" pagination="379 - 388" refId="B13" refString="Jin, X, Ling, SJ, Wen, F, Ren, MX, 2021. Biogeographical patterns and floral evolution of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae). Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao 39 (4): 379 - 388, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40379" title="Biogeographical patterns and floral evolution of Oreocharis (Gesneriaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40379" volume="39" year="2021">Jin et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
showed that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sl. could be separated into two clades: Clade A was mainly distributed in SW China and predominantly showed yellow to orange corollas; Clade B was mainly distributed in S and SE China and predominantly showed purple corollas, of which, Clade A includes ca. 20 species. In order to facilitate identification, a key to five yellow to orange species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Oreocharis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocharis" order="Passeriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Oreocharis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Vietnam is provided.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="additional specimen examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Additional specimen examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Vietnam. Quang Tri Province, Dakrong District, Dakrong Nature Reserve, on moist shady cliffs on the humus-rich limestone hills,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="50.97" value="16.497492">16°29'50.97"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="09.25" value="107.00257">107°00'09.25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 650 m alt., 18 Oct 2019, Do Van Truong
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ĐVT">ĐVT</normalizedToken>
|
||||
362 (VNMN).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
374
data/E4/CA/7D/E4CA7DDEE9A758939128FCE5AFEF535C.xml
Normal file
374
data/E4/CA/7D/E4CA7DDEE9A758939128FCE5AFEF535C.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
|
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<mods:namePart id="1096C1817F578022B7A3E5D56901DE2D">Ruiz-Ramoni, Damian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="82450EDCEFD998C6204C137D7F54FC9B">Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina & Instituto Argentino de Nivologia, Glaciologia y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), Av. Ruiz Leal s / n, Parque Gral. San Martin, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A0AABEAEF271380DA581FC85FB5E6849">Chavez-Aponte, Edwin</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="D2C15ADEE13D1BF5278F4A1053AEBF79">Sistema Nacional de Museos, Fundacion Museos Nacionales (FMN), Museo de la Estampa y el Diseno " Carlos Cruz Diez ", ZP 1011, El Silencio, Caracas, Venezuela & Fundacion Nacional de Parques Zoologicos, Zoocriaderos y Acuarios (FUNPZZA) y Universidad Popular del Ambiente " Fruto Vivas ", del Ministerio del P. P. para el Ecosocialismo, ZP 1010, Caracas, Venezuela & Parque Zoologico El Pinar, Instituto Nacional de Parques, ZP 1010, Caracas, Venezuela</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DBBB5747B2D493EF07435252B447D06D">Prevosti, Francisco Juan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CDCE12A12C5ACAE4003C1D599F319EB7" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0511-4720</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="CD35BC72EE99058D1F99DDABA7CF572B">Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina & Museo de Ciencias Antropologicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Rioja (UNLaR), Av. Luis M. de la Fuente s / n, 5300, La Rioja, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3A4A9C149A57DA0595658871AD89DBCC">Segura, Valentina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="58BCC09F2338CFDF746F29E468CB8EF1">Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina & Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-Fundacion Miguel Lillo), Miguel Lillo 251, CP 4000, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A6921D2769FCC0EBE7CD416099F25C84">Carlini, Alfredo Armando</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="5901EB2C005F3A04AD75DCFB66EDFC44">Laboratorio de Morfologia Evolutiva y Desarrollo (Morphos), Facultad de Cs. Naturales y Museo, UNLP, La Plata, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="90E3AB17EE9362BA8C3BAD867A33F279">Garbe, Lisa</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="9125DE773461DF35A76444EE1BE2A6B9">Archeozoologie, Archeobotanique, Societes, Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), UMR 7209, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5780E68B8D53AD8D684BD280890950FF">Tombret, Olivier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="849BBE17E306E796A59F715CA400DD7E">Archeozoologie, Archeobotanique, Societes, Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), UMR 7209, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C6DF3F9303BC236710491BD40EBD724B">Zazzo, Antoine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6C6DDCF549D731E7834946C5FB9A1A32">Archeozoologie, Archeobotanique, Societes, Pratiques et Environnements (AASPE), UMR 7209, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0CB13507B719A740E7EBD57E682AB3D4">Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="01524969788509C2EBD4716CDB5EB899">Universitaet Zuerich, Palaeontologisches Institut, Karl-Schmid-Strasse 4, 8006 Zuerich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="621B04D65B4D11D1B3C26AFD2F7DBBD9" type="email">m.sanchez@pim.uzh.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="4AD3762823005C513E713B56B1805ABB">Fossil Record</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2DF3A4BE4F7845AC300C3DDEF4BB7320">
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<mods:date id="45963F767663FE9C7B90712CD0E6BAD3">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EED2FB366BB23C82E9B52BD1A2E66427">2024-04-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1BA1CEB43E33E2CFA870CF448CA5C9E8">27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="826159459A993004CE0C5C776B87C9BD">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A07D827FCB53B400AD389E9EB52A86A5">187</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7FF7E8346D0C9893667936841B4F77D7">207</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="E88C8C38D74FA3031441948EBD0B0985">
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<mods:url id="AAD8854FD0758CD783EA48BB294C92EE">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.27.e119967</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F5C2E14C182F3D2312E11F12F4E25853">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B5F42304B19F9D231CDB3CACBF384006" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/fr.27.e119967</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C1BA5A1E0CF92B1413A73D4F3CB7F4ED" type="Pensoft-Pub">2193-0074-1-187</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E4CA7DDEE9A758939128FCE5AFEF535C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E4CA7DDEE9A758939128FCE5AFEF535C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4CA7DDEE9A758939128FCE5AFEF535C" lastPageNumber="187" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
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<subSubSection id="47D55F7C2D4EA631549CBA3E897F9AAF" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CEAD5AD545371FE6BF831A12801750D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
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†
|
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<taxonomicName id="8543966BF02E17937149343B942A16DB" LSID="E4CA7DDE-E9A7-5893-9128-FCE5AFEF535C" authority="(Ameghino, 1888)" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Gomphotheriidae" genus="Notiomastodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notiomastodon platensis" order="Proboscidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">Notiomastodon platensis (Ameghino, 1888)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C40BA3166C67A261ACD4A91BCBBC85DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A43BEFD22A7CA36AEBD2875E7EDA4539" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
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<figureCitation id="10802ED6BBE245FAC31AD57D0419ED3C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B306EFBE30BB9510B85EA3A49962111F" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E3F28EBA7ABCDBCFDB1807096905F827" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Referred material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7E5ADC4F466E0DDF58FC8FD6ECFA5935" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
A mandible (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="74B627F0756074E21A06B39B5101D009" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A1</figureCitation>
|
||||
), the proximal part of a humerus and the distal end of the radius with what appears to be parts of very deteriorated carpals and metacarpals, all assigned as AMU-CURS-1269 and collected from Cauca
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A361E1E341885CEAA7F34A89AE117D9D" originalValue="“A”">"A"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="9869FC4DABF547D664BAD4D6E1D7CBB7" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Excavations at the Cauca site. Cauca " A " (A), Cauca " B " (B), and Cauca " E " (C), showing the defence of Notiomastodon platensis (AMU-CURS- 1359) in situ. Mandible of N. platensis in plaster jacket in Cauca " A " (D). Cauca " D " with remains (tibia and ribs) of cf. Eremotherium laurillardi (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023339" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). An isolated M2 (AMU-CURS-1045) collected about
|
||||
<quantity id="1D70BC22483F99359255A63A0D568AC9" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</quantity>
|
||||
northwest of Cauca
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FAA9907741FD13FF8518B348AF7D3BF2" originalValue="“C”">"C"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0D868DA664B7CF14B71FCE11B59D2B48" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic location of the Cauca site (A) and the excavation area (B). The different bone groupings are referred to as " S " and the excavations as " A-E ". The M 2 isolated from a juvenile Notiomastodon platensis (AMU-CURS- 1045) is referred to with a triangle and *. Lithic artefacts referred to here are illustrated in Fig. 9." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023336" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">1B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and a complete and isolated tusk (AMU-CURS-1359) (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="EA3AF08FE981C3CC89F7E28B60D5FBFA" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7C</figureCitation>
|
||||
) from Cauca
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CD662FB9EEBB6F706B49EAB055257501" originalValue="“E”">"E"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2FB4E0B08B23CD2906307BA5C7B4F405" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Excavations at the Cauca site. Cauca " A " (A), Cauca " B " (B), and Cauca " E " (C), showing the defence of Notiomastodon platensis (AMU-CURS- 1359) in situ. Mandible of N. platensis in plaster jacket in Cauca " A " (D). Cauca " D " with remains (tibia and ribs) of cf. Eremotherium laurillardi (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023339" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Other dental and postcranial fragments (see below) in a very poor state of preservation could not be collected.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="B69BBB31DC8A8D80625BA30F01AE4F15" doi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
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<paragraph id="8080785E3043588B0E9A07969FB813D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C1C23EE12183C96006ABF4DF809C3E14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BEA421E2B66C6825A34F7BB2DA59DFAD" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Gomphotheriidae" genus="Notiomastodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notiomastodon platensis" order="Proboscidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="04BB8F1382A4E1C298CAC7BA964D9F38" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Notiomastodon platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
remains from Cauca site.
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E77A41728B6E9D54A5505C9DC90BFD2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A1, A5.</emphasis>
|
||||
Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS-1269);
|
||||
<emphasis id="E142D386C3B4C3ECED2AF3F0B51D256C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A2, A3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m2 and (
|
||||
<emphasis id="43AD9DC0EFD0E7D42C4B578075C156EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">A4</emphasis>
|
||||
), occlusal view of m3;
|
||||
<emphasis id="CF8AFE560B0463F3FEA0D12869906A9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">B1, B2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Occlusal and lateral view of M2 (AMU-CURS-1045).
|
||||
<emphasis id="71023293385D74249AC53214ADDE2C39" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">C</emphasis>
|
||||
. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS-1359).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F21E2CCF58E75C2A55DD85CEFDA6527B" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="289FB5676D3E435D1F2BB551AB3F8109" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Descriptions.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="19A323C80424B46D321DB9441FCCBEEE" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
The mandible AMU-CURS-1269 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="64E6CB10D29D17796A9D56A0F422B010" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A1</figureCitation>
|
||||
) preserves the complete right m2 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FF974F31D27157D281DBCE35BB072FCC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A1-A3, A5</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and erupted m3 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="850218A74C1FEA235BDEBCC6E111E1FB" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A1, A4</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and erupted left m2 and m3 in a fragmentary state (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="299B061F019792DC788EA6BF9A7CEEF5" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A1, A5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Part of the mandibular ramus and condylar processes are not preserved. The right m2 is a bunodont and trilophodont molar with a well-defined heel and cingulum (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="AB224CA2474DA00E8D184FB7B3C96641" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A2, A3</figureCitation>
|
||||
); it is 150 mm in Tl. This molar presents a wear state of
|
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<normalizedToken id="29CFAE06B641785B8D72F6079BE0EF4C" originalValue="“3”">"3"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(following
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6EE3302E396DC52744C00B373DFAB323" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0001-37652010005000001" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="983 - 996" refId="B78" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Winck, GR, 2010. Population structure of the gomphothere Stegomastodon waringi (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the Pleistocene of Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 82 (4): 983 - 996, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0001-37652010005000001" title="Population structure of the gomphothere Stegomastodon waringi (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the Pleistocene of Brazil." url="https://doi.org/10.1590/S0001-37652010005000001" volume="82" year="2010">
|
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<normalizedToken id="44D429C9849E8DE64FE78FC20A029F90" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2010)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which suggests that it could correspond to a subadult/adult individual. Abundant fragments referring to upper molars M2-M3 of the same individual were recovered on the mandibular remains (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5D5BDFBF63526A302A94A9877BAD252A" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Remains of fossil vertebrates emerging on the surface at the Cauca site. Skull (A), pelvis (B) and appendicular elements (C) of megatheriid Eremotherium. A, C. correspond to unexcavated S 2 (see Fig. 1 B). Upper molars (D) of gomphoteriid Notiomastodon platensis, with the root completely eroded, associated with the mandible AMU-CURS- 1269 from Cauca " A " (Fig. 1 B)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023338" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). A small portion of a tusk was also found a few centimetres from the specimen, which was not collected due to the high degree of disintegration. Of the postcranial remains associated with the lower jaw, the proximal part of a right humerus is only preserved in the posterior section and what appears to be the distal end of the radius with carpal and metacarpal fragments are in a very poor state of preservation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F0C0493A1F870B7EC7958077288CCE68" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
The isolated tusk AMU-CURS-1359 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="5A272AC6AEEA39F91345555E30B2E009" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), whose position on the skull is undetermined, measures about 1700 mm long and could belong to an adult. It is curved, although it shows no apparent natural twist and lacks an enamel band. The tusk lies about 14 m north of the Cauca
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AB9BCC2923554AC279B8353A8411B189" originalValue="“A”">"A"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
site and its association with the jaw and the other elements is uncertain. Near the collection site of this tusk and on the surface, some fragmented and indeterminate postcranial bones were observed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9758006A85B7E76D6EAD9ACA320B3D61" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
A few metres northeast of the Cauca
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BB451BB16C565D093A8E709A83CBB56F" originalValue="“D”">"D"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="860B2EC963C06CEA5A312A8AF0952B1C" originalValue="“E”">"E"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
excavations, a tusk and bone fragments were found emerging on the surface. However, these were not collected due to the poor state of preservation (grouping 7; Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="D189AE1E95A5ED7E84468994ADD534AE" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Geographic location of the Cauca site (A) and the excavation area (B). The different bone groupings are referred to as " S " and the excavations as " A-E ". The M 2 isolated from a juvenile Notiomastodon platensis (AMU-CURS- 1045) is referred to with a triangle and *. Lithic artefacts referred to here are illustrated in Fig. 9." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023336" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">1B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In addition, small fragments of gomphotherid molars were scattered on the surface of the site, possibly because of transport by runoff. A possible upper left M2 (AMU-CURS-1045) not worn and with ~ 96 mm in Tl (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="637EEF8D6C482943916C1A66A4B62C22" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7B1, B2</figureCitation>
|
||||
), was collected a few metres northeast of excavation
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6AE4871C34A291D1A914044A046FFB47" originalValue="“C”">"C"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, suggesting the probable presence of a juvenile individual at the site. On the other hand, we do not have any evidence that allows us to associate the cranial and dental remains found in Cauca
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4B43A849BCE160E59390583C1CEB6E3C" originalValue="“A”">"A"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, with the other gomphothere elements reported herein, resulting in an uncertain number of adult individuals present at the site.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="73DCA838D5661894D02EC9D0741B9901" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="26AB27CC5100A18DF2AA5E7E2FCFC5CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="073F57C515268FE2E3559E425F06C3E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
In recent times, consensus has emerged suggesting the validity of only two genera of gomphothere in the southern continent,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74A386CFF5FF1AE795F5CCF6B39C3828" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1814" class="Mammalia" family="Gomphotheriidae" genus="Cuvieronius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cuvieronius hyodon" order="Proboscidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hyodon">
|
||||
<emphasis id="722190B483EA5EFA47C5FBE3F83863EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Cuvieronius hyodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fischer, 1814 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8B57AC57C80BED14ABFA14E619111DEC" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Gomphotheriidae" genus="Notiomastodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Notiomastodon platensis" order="Proboscidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8A98E5155CCCCD75F7B0CAD5DE7F9D3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Notiomastodon platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA4E3C6A5CCF26BFFDFD8B566B91BF35" baseAuthorityName="Ameghino" baseAuthorityYear="1888" class="Mammalia" family="Gomphotheriidae" genus="Stegomastodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegomastodon platensis" order="Proboscidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="23332673C52EE6B77E7CDBF269E03712" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Stegomastodon platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CE6DC58C11C0EE1ED79767F7C944E0B0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B79" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Cozzuol, MA, Winck, GR, 2012. Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South America lowlands. Quaternary International 276-277: 2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" title="Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South America lowlands. Quaternary International 276 - 277: 2 - 7." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" year="2012">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="78A4AD71CD0653198BAA840E13CDD6F4" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="215EA74B4E4FE679843D301F195E4D70" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="23 - 32" refId="B80" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Cozzuol, MA, 2013. The South American gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 20: 23 - 32, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" title="The South American gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" volume="20" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AC10E1F0D5ABDFE1E36F09082A92F315" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="165 - 177" refId="B82" refString="Mothe, D, Ferretti, MP, Avilla, L, 2017a. Running over the same old ground: Stegomastodon never roamed South America. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 26: 165 - 177, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" title="Running over the same old ground: Stegomastodon never roamed South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" volume="26" year="2017 a">2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EC59521023B55CCE2DBEF8BF229016B0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067754" author="Alberdi, MT" journalOrPublisher="Historical Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="1685 - 1691" refId="B3" refString="Alberdi, MT, Prado, JL, 2022. Diversity of the fossil gomphotheres from South America. Historical Biology 34 (8): 1685 - 1691, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067754" title="Diversity of the fossil gomphotheres from South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067754" volume="34" year="2022">Alberdi and Prado (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The stratigraphic and geographic distribution, as well as the diagnostic features that have been used to differentiate both genera, which are based on the skull and mandibular symphysis morphology and upper tusk and molars, are discussed in detail by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="57A3F4B37D3BD58D036FE5E3CEDEDF71" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147009" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B81" refString="Mothe, D, Marco, PF, Avilla, LS, Beatty, BL, 2016. The dance of tusks: rediscovery of lower incisors in the Pan-American Proboscidean Cuvieronius hyodon revises incisor evolution in Elephantimorpha. PLoS ONE 11(1): e0147009. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147009" title="The dance of tusks: rediscovery of lower incisors in the Pan-American Proboscidean Cuvieronius hyodon revises incisor evolution in Elephantimorpha. PLoS ONE 11 (1): e 0147009." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147009" year="2016">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="29F43A8280981C28D78B8D0DBF567889" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2016
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B0DD2DC0BF1E6A28649BC0AC22D72B99" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="165 - 177" refId="B82" refString="Mothe, D, Ferretti, MP, Avilla, L, 2017a. Running over the same old ground: Stegomastodon never roamed South America. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 26: 165 - 177, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" title="Running over the same old ground: Stegomastodon never roamed South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" volume="26" year="2017 a">2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9245A62CD211214D7A0A02212955FBD5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.4072/rbp.2017.1.12" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="149 - 152" refId="B83" refString="Mothe, D, Aguanta, WF, Belatto, SL, Avilla, L, 2017b. First record of Notiomastodon platensis (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from Bolivia. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 20 (1): 149 - 152, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4072/rbp.2017.1.12" title="First record of Notiomastodon platensis (Mammalia, Proboscidea) from Bolivia." url="https://doi.org/10.4072/rbp.2017.1.12" volume="20" year="2017 b">2017b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B9429FFAB014D0CA1F1AE71ED629723D" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067754" author="Alberdi, MT" journalOrPublisher="Historical Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="1685 - 1691" refId="B3" refString="Alberdi, MT, Prado, JL, 2022. Diversity of the fossil gomphotheres from South America. Historical Biology 34 (8): 1685 - 1691, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067754" title="Diversity of the fossil gomphotheres from South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067754" volume="34" year="2022">Alberdi and Prado (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="68DF8767B8EBF792075A0A2FB7DD0187" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00273-7" author="Carrillo-Briceno, JD" journalOrPublisher="Swiss Journal of Palaeontology" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B25" refString="Carrillo-Briceno, JD, Vezzosi, RI, Ming, KM, Christen, ZM, Mothe, D, Ruiz-Ramoni, D, Sanchez-Villagra, MR, 2023. Nearctic Pleistocene ungulates from the Pampean region (Argentina) in the historical collections of Santiago Roth in Switzerland: an overview. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 142(1)12-26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00273-7" title="Nearctic Pleistocene ungulates from the Pampean region (Argentina) in the historical collections of Santiago Roth in Switzerland: an overview. Swiss Journal of Palaeontology 142 (1) 12 - 26." url="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13358-023-00273-7" year="2023">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="871227571C388F373504044A865A235C" originalValue="Carrillo-Briceño">Carrillo-Briceno</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2023)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="85A459E9AB3424754CBEA47E666AB040" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
Based on the taxonomic differences mentioned above and used to differentiate both genera of gomphotheres in South America, we assigned the better-preserved specimens referred to in this section to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9F06FE6E4E21B2E0C338748CF01BB81C" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. platensis" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E3C834C6F7DEFFF52D84CB47AFDF4307" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">N. platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This assignment is supported by: 1) the double to single clover wear pattern present in the right m2 of the AMU-CURS-1269 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="961DEF33F782EAED4C00EBA723745CD6" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7A2</figureCitation>
|
||||
), which resembles the pattern present in molars with advanced wear state in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C670DBFF717AC906737BC994B4D0009E" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. platensis" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="06760F244BA5256FA41788F951808787" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">N. platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7647432DC4338002562CFB7667C07148" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B79" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Cozzuol, MA, Winck, GR, 2012. Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South America lowlands. Quaternary International 276-277: 2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" title="Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South America lowlands. Quaternary International 276 - 277: 2 - 7." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" year="2012">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1EE52C0BAEB7D8F9ACD04D9988A2A663" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. (2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="11FBED346505DA755BBF0013ED482576" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="23 - 32" refId="B80" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Cozzuol, MA, 2013. The South American gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 20: 23 - 32, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" title="The South American gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" volume="20" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="67E9284964D39AA0919A379A17CF23A4" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="165 - 177" refId="B82" refString="Mothe, D, Ferretti, MP, Avilla, L, 2017a. Running over the same old ground: Stegomastodon never roamed South America. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 26: 165 - 177, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" title="Running over the same old ground: Stegomastodon never roamed South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-017-9392-y" volume="26" year="2017 a">2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and references therein); 2) the robustness, curved shape and lack of twist and enamel bands in the tusk AMU-CURS-1359 (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="96B962C80A1ABE990BC36AAF2EF5B0DC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Notiomastodon platensis remains from Cauca site. A 1, A 5. Dorsal and anterodorsal views of the mandible (AMU-CURS- 1269); A 2, A 3. Occlusal and labial views of preserved right m 2 and (A 4), occlusal view of m 3; B 1, B 2. Occlusal and lateral view of M 2 (AMU-CURS- 1045). C. lateral view of tusk (AMU-CURS- 1359)." figureDoi="10.3897/fr.27.e119967.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1023342" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">7C</figureCitation>
|
||||
), which contrast with the shape and morphology of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EE7F12CC8E4269D1CAF89532A8909DEA" lsidName="C. hyodon" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="hyodon">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2E9CDD557D84CA340A0C20323C00F743" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">C. hyodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
tusk (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AD7F297854C3F3A39705DB7323971903" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B79" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Cozzuol, MA, Winck, GR, 2012. Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South America lowlands. Quaternary International 276-277: 2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" title="Taxonomic revision of the Quaternary gomphotheres (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) from the South America lowlands. Quaternary International 276 - 277: 2 - 7." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2011.05.018" year="2012">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EAD4A70E4ACE2A8AE25F119FB8457886" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D0B3FF361AFDFC87482EF43AD128C558" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Mammalian Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="23 - 32" refId="B80" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, LS, Cozzuol, MA, 2013. The South American gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography. Journal of Mammalian Evolution 20: 23 - 32, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" title="The South American gomphotheres (Mammalia, Proboscidea, Gomphotheriidae): taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10914-012-9192-3" volume="20" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="04F4539B9E10291646469DFD34302578" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Quaternary Science Reviews" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="23 - 35" refId="B77" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, L, 2015. Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea). Quaternary Science Reviews 110: 23 - 35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013" title="Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013" volume="110" year="2015">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D89C4EE40F326B5C2766B06064EDECF6" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Avilla 2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); and 3) a jaw with no trace of lower tusks; meanwhile,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9C6B68DEBCE248D07EC9B98F917CED41" lsidName="C. hyodon" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" rank="species" species="hyodon">
|
||||
<emphasis id="368A949F9D64ED3825C0153E1A54F7BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">C. hyodon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
presents a pair of lower incisors or its corresponding vestigial alveoli (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="77E78DBC27E976F5CBB935CCA5AB3D4E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013" author="Mothe, D" journalOrPublisher="Quaternary Science Reviews" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="23 - 35" refId="B77" refString="Mothe, D, Avilla, L, 2015. Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea). Quaternary Science Reviews 110: 23 - 35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013" title="Mythbusting evolutionary issues on South American Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia: Proboscidea)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.013" volume="110" year="2015">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="31C2429D5B332BFA9C77FF19262EDCE0" originalValue="Mothé">Mothe</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Avilla 2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). By analogy, we believe the other remains of gomphotheres found at the Cauca site (e.g. tooth fragments and probably postcranial elements), and with a poor state of preservation (for example these from grouping 7) could also belong to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D4E25FBD58B888358D7C0896C9C55165" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. platensis" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A6C7F394CDECA50F6A088BE888BBC86E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">N. platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B96E0EC76553E1729E170AE32FE77040" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
Abundant specimens of gomphotheres have been reported for several locations in the
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1E3075677E17DE69B26B7953C67AEFFC" originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
State and other sites in Venezuela (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F3668F0E8FA3FF018E1A0B961157E5EB" author="Carrillo-Briceno, JD" journalOrPublisher="Boletin Antropologico" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="233 - 266" publicationUrl="http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/30824" refId="B21" refString="Carrillo-Briceno, JD, Chavez-Aponte, AE, Alfonso, HI, 2008a. Notas preliminares sobre los mastodontes gonfoterios (Mammalia: Proboscidea) del Cuaternario venezolano. Boletin Antropologico 26 (74): 233 - 266, http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/30824" title="Notas preliminares sobre los mastodontes gonfoterios (Mammalia: Proboscidea) del Cuaternario venezolano." url="http://www.saber.ula.ve/handle/123456789/30824" volume="26" year="2008 a">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EDACE2D2E7E34C7072545269CC4C94BA" originalValue="Carrillo-Briceño">Carrillo-Briceno</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2008a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="49A78069B5338845FC5B54F65AC548D5" author="Carrillo-Briceno, JD" journalOrPublisher="Boletin del Centro de Historia del Estado Trujillo" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="33 - 44" refId="B22" refString="Carrillo-Briceno, JD, Alfonzo-Hernandez, I, Chavez-Aponte, EO, 2008b. Primer registro paleontologico de Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia Proboscidea) para la Serrania de Trujillo, Estado Trujillo. Boletin del Centro de Historia del Estado Trujillo 17 (63): 33 - 44" title="Primer registro paleontologico de Gomphotheriidae (Mammalia Proboscidea) para la Serrania de Trujillo, Estado Trujillo." volume="17" year="2008 b">2008b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CA3F529862495F1E0C3D820383854830" originalValue="Chávez-Aponte">Chavez-Aponte</normalizedToken>
|
||||
et al. 2008;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7EB52224AEE733218D9498486B9BC9E5" author="Carrillo-Briceno, JD" editor="Sanchez-Villagra, MR" journalOrPublisher="Printwork Art GmbH, St. Gallen" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" pagination="313 - 322" refId="B19" refString="Carrillo-Briceno, JD, 2012. Los Mastodontes y sus Parientes: El Registro Fosil de los Proboscidios. In: Sanchez-Villagra, MR, Ed., Venezuela Paleontologica: Evolucion de la diversidad en el pasado. Printwork Art GmbH, St. Gallen: 313 - 322" title="Los Mastodontes y sus Parientes: El Registro Fosil de los Proboscidios." volumeTitle="Venezuela Paleontologica: Evolucion de la diversidad en el pasado." year="2012">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F3BEB41620E28E3D4F05FB39F52F04F1" originalValue="Carrillo-Briceño">Carrillo-Briceno</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2012
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2B2DF81ED74800AEEB92FCE5058BDC38" author="Carrillo-Briceno, JD" journalOrPublisher="Rio Verde, Caracas" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" refId="B20" refString="Carrillo-Briceno, JD, 2015. Bestias Prehistoricas de Venezuela "Colosos de la Edad de Hielo". Rio Verde, Caracas" title="Bestias Prehistoricas de Venezuela " Colosos de la Edad de Hielo "." year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); however, their taxonomic assignment should be re-evaluated. The gomphothere remains collected from the palaeontological/archaeological sites of Muaco, Taima-Taima and
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AB0242BC87FBB9A1D5FFBB5A10178F77" originalValue="Cucuruchú">Cucuruchu</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="818AB6186183C176EB38429160EFDDD4" originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
State, should be assigned to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96E6F11D5B27A8DB89339805E26CACFA" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. platensis" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="F52DDFCC180816253687E74F15B86BC7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">N. platensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(e.g. J.D.C.B., pers. obs. (2022)).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0F93075AF071AA06B28CD87F85205F3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6E9D5215B7C9561EB9C9B30138BD3E93" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D2C81EEDE2678315887DEC4551F94B" class="Mammalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Perissodactyla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Owen, 1848
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C7F3E1E86649F984A390DAE3CF66CE1C" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9DC1B2A3F278F2547BFCE9A339305850" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F4AC67764475810E5C036A8CA4F6F6B5" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" class="Mammalia" family="Equidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Equidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Gray, 1821
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="05684E0BF265BC264C756468F9B66684" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBE5BBAA83CA2B78DD05456CBAA8D6ED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3DE254395603E1235DBDD7A36381BCEF" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Equidae" genus="Equus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Equus" order="Perissodactyla" pageId="0" pageNumber="187" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1E55ABF23DD6C59A0A6B2E3704A75E48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="187">Equus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Linnaeus, 1758
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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