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<mods:title id="9D268D9B16E68CC6F0EEE6B71F13E12F">The ants collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition.</mods:title>
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<treatment id="C60450321F97CAF0EBC2EAE01238E5CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6289037" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100134791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6289037" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C60450321F97CAF0EBC2EAE01238E5CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C60450321F97CAF0EBC2EAE01238E5CD" lastPageNumber="108" pageNumber="107">
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<taxonomicName id="A629B7464592CBFBC11D5365C0054DE8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147277" authority="Wheeler" authorityName="Wheeler" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Viticicola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Viticicola Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Viticicola</taxonomicName>
Wm. M. Wheeler
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<paragraph id="F1987C37303CE1FFA6DFD3E988B69A47" lastPageNumber="108" pageNumber="107">
Worker.-Closely related to
<taxonomicName id="6A9C0F7697675C476ABCB811DCFCD6F3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24859" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tetraponera Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraponera</taxonomicName>
. Head convex, and rounded behind, with the clypeus and mandibles shaped as in some species of
<taxonomicName id="CBE1445EA9EBD72331BE8D7C080D84FC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24859" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tetraponera Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraponera</taxonomicName>
, the external border of the mandibles deeply emarginate at the base. Eyes much smaller, only about one-sixth as long as the sides of the head, flat: ocelli usually absent, sometimes the anterior present. Frontal carina; short, farther apart than in
<taxonomicName id="C3C895A500203F2126C784417CD3491C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24859" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tetraponera Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraponera</taxonomicName>
but shorter and closer together than in
<taxonomicName id="921E24259C30004912D7ADF657F6A8FC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147162" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachysima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pachysima Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachysima</taxonomicName>
. Frontal area and frontal groove obsolete. Antennae short, 12-jointed; the funiculi with distinct 3-jointed club, the first funicular joint very long, joints 2 to 7 very short and transverse. Both maxillary and labial palpi 3-jointed. Thorax much as in
<taxonomicName id="B58C12B6E9873C642630092B7A3BE550" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24859" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tetraponera Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraponera</taxonomicName>
but more thickset, the pronotum convex and rounded, not marginate or submarginate on the sides, the epinotum very high and convex, hemispherical, with the epinotal gland on each side very long and narrow, extending obliquely upward and forward to the middle of the lateral surface of the segment. Petiole and postpetiole stout, without peduncles, the nodes from above not longer than broad, their ventral portions swollen, without teeth. Gaster and tibial spurs as in
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but the tarsal claws are simple, not toothed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96A1CDEB5E9437193D83A2DC92E0BEA8" pageNumber="108">Female winged, or ergatoid and wingless, exhibiting also subapterous forms. Even the winged form is much like the worker, but has well-developed ocelli, though the eyes are small and flat. Pronotum large and well developed; mesonotum depressed, flat. Petiole and postpetiole even broader and stouter than in the worker; both broader than long.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FCFEF98C82BF8087E5ADCF5FAA82A5C9" pageNumber="108">
Male.-Clypeus longer than in the worker and female; mandibles similar with dentate apical borders. Antennae short, 12-jointed, the second funicular joint much shorter than the scape, not longer than the first, which is slightly swollen. Eyes and ocelli rather large and convex. Mesonotum flattened or depressed, without Mayrian furrows and with very indistinct parapsidal furrows, not overarching the pronotum. There is a very deep and wide excision, separating the pro- and mesosterna and extending dorsally nearly to the mesonotal scutum. Petiole and postpetiole much as in the worker and female, but with their ventral portions even more swollen and convex. Genitalia extruded, less robust than those of
<taxonomicName id="D80EF0D5CD741D852055C37024C9EBA3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147162" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Pachysima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Pachysima Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pachysima</taxonomicName>
and
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. Wings with a discoidal cell, a rather broad, closed radial cell and only one cubital cell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D029400B47934F3CD1C5D5770967C9D4" pageNumber="108">
Larva hypocephalic as in
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and
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and like that of the latter genus in the development of the exudatoria and dorsal hairs.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A60C9B89A7A7A487EAC4E66A3DAA51A0" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CA0318B66A71F1A78D5A649828869666" pageNumber="108">
Genotype.-Sima
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.
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<subSubSection id="F28DBEF618B07110A4C9ADCC88406EDB" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6B3E76D57C2BE06BF5A8A250B4D8A5EC" pageNumber="108">
This monotypic genus seems to me to be sufficiently distinct from
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. The single species is highly specialized in adaptation to life in the stem cavities of a peculiar
<taxonomicName id="F359919A88251EF36286E45FAC0CA223" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:37325" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Tetraponera diana (Santschi)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liana">liana, Vitex</taxonomicName>
Staudtii (vide infra). The eyes have dwindled and the ocelli have disappeared; the venation of the wings has become more simple and there is a pronounced tendency for the production of wingless and subapterous females -a condition unknown in any species of
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. This peculiarity, the pale color, and the small eyes indicate that the ants never leave the cavities of their host plant, except when the latter is disturbed or during the marriage flight, and the very pale color of the males indicates that this flight must occur at night. The conspicuous development of the epinotum and of its glands suggests conditions like those in some species of
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of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="D3F956A1034D8A0A5F03703EEB3F2ED8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:147191" authority="Forel, 1912" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1912" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Physocrema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Physocrema Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Physocrema</taxonomicName>
(inflata, difformis, vacca, stethogompha, etc.) of the Indomalayan Region, the workers of which are supposed to feed on the secretions of one another's epinota (Bingham). As at present known, the distribution of the
<taxonomicNameLabel id="37402B2AF8907818271B59060B920568" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
is restricted to Spanish Guinea and the Ituri Basin of the Belgian Congo (Map 18). It probably also occurs in Cameroon.
</paragraph>
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<heading id="155A843CFFF1FFA34EDF8465FDEBF9F0" bold="true" box="[151,547,1634,1660]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34EDF8465FDEBF9F0" authority="(Marcus, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Marcus" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[151,547,1634,1660]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="albiventer">
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<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF8465FE97F9F0" bold="true" box="[151,351,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Kuma albiventer</emphasis>
(
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)
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(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF1FFA34EDF84D2FA59F8A0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34EDF84D2FF37F880" blockId="1.[151,1436,1749,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34EDF84D2FDFEF960" authority=": Marcus 1954" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,566,1749,1772]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="albiventer">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF84D2FE53F960" box="[151,411,1749,1772]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Haploposthia albiventer</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34FE284D2FDFEF960" author="Marcus, E." box="[426,566,1749,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="419 - 489" refId="ref4682" refString="Marcus, E. (1954) Turbellaria Brasileiros (11). Papeis Avulsos Departamento de Zoologia Secretaria da Agricultura Sao Paulo, 11, 419 - 489." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcus 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(p 420);
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34CD384D2FC8AF960" author="Mamkaev, Yu. V." box="[667,834,1749,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="26 - 116" refId="ref4648" refString="Mamkaev, Yu. V. (1967) Essays on the morphology of acoelous Turbellaria. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSR, 44, 26 - 116 [In Russian]." type="journal article" year="1967">Mamkaev 1967</bibRefCitation>
(p 40);
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34DD184D2FBD5F960" author="Dorjes, J." box="[921,1053,1749,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="56 - 452" refId="ref4242" refString="Dorjes, J. (1968) Die Acoela (Turbellaria) der deutschen Nordseekste und ein neues System der Ordnung. Zeitschrift f u r Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung, 6, 56 - 452." type="journal article" year="1968">Dörjes 1968</bibRefCitation>
(p 97);
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34A3C84D2FAB6F960" author="Dorjes, J. &amp; Karling, T. G." box="[1140,1406,1749,1772]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="175 - 189" refId="ref4279" refString="Dorjes, J. &amp; Karling, T. G. (1975) Species of Turbellaria Acoela in the Swedish Museum of Natural History, with remarks on their anatomy, taxonomy and distribution. Zoologica Scripta, 4, 175 - 189." type="journal article" year="1975">Dörjes and Karling 1975</bibRefCitation>
(p 180).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34EDF8512FA59F8A0" blockId="1.[151,1436,1749,1836]" box="[151,1425,1813,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34EDF8512FE13F8A0" authority=": Faubel 1976" authorityName=": Faubel" authorityYear="1976" box="[151,475,1813,1836]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="albiventer">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF8512FE81F8A0" box="[151,329,1813,1836]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Kuma albiventer</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34F1F8512FE13F8A0" author="Faubel, A." box="[343,475,1813,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="17 - 56" refId="ref4357" refString="Faubel, A. (1976) Interstitielle Acoela (Turbellaria) aus dem Littoral der nordfriesischen Inseln Sylt und Amrum (Nordsee). Mittheilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 73, 17 - 56." type="journal article" year="1976">Faubel 1976</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(p 35);
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34C798512FCEFF8A0" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S." box="[561,807,1813,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref4574" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S. (2004) New acoels (Acoela, Acoelomorpha from North Carolina. Zootaxa, 442, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="2004">
Hooge and
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFF1FFA34CE48512FD24F8A0" box="[684,748,1813,1836]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Smith</collectingRegion>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
(p 16);
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34D348512FC3BF8A0" author="Tekle, Y. I." box="[892,1011,1813,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="85 - 90" refId="ref4839" refString="Tekle, Y. I. (2004) A new Haploposthia species (Acoela) from the Swedish west coast. Sarsia 89, 85 - 90." type="journal article" year="2004">Tekle 2004</bibRefCitation>
(p 86);
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34A008512FA8BF8A0" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Rocha, C. E. F." box="[1096,1347,1813,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref4522" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Rocha, C. E. F. (2006) Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the northern beaches of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and a systematic revision of the family Otocelididae. Zootaxa, 1335, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2006">Hooge and Rocha 2006</bibRefCitation>
(p 17).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF1FFA04EDF855AFDE9FF56" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34EDF855AFDB6F813" blockId="1.[151,1436,1885,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF855AFECCF8FB" bold="true" box="[151,260,1885,1911]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Material</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; one set of 2-µm-thick serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA04E8F85AAFDE9FF56" blockId="1.[151,1436,1885,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,618]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34E8F85AAFEF7F84B" bold="true" box="[199,319,1965,1991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Localities</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF1FFA04F0585AAFDD5FF56" county="West Bay" elevation="30" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="23" latitude="16.832224" location="East of Carrie Bow Cay" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.108055" municipality="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4B72658BFFF1FFA34F0585AAFDACF84B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6048246FFF1FFA04EDF8465FD48FDE6:4B72658BFFF1FFA34F0585AAFDACF84B" box="[333,612,1965,1991]" county="West Bay" latitude="16.832224" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.108055" municipality="Carrie Bow Cay" name="East of Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">East of Carrie Bow Cay</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34C3C85AAFCC6F84B" box="[628,782,1965,1991]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="09" value="16.8025">16°48’09” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34D5185AAFC71F84B" box="[793,953,1965,1991]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-88.08194">88°04’55” W</geoCoordinate>
), from fine-grained sand in a sand trough at
<elevation id="C580D463FFF1FFA34EFE85D2FE8AF863" box="[182,322,2005,2031]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF1FFA34EFE85D2FF3CF863" box="[182,244,2005,2031]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, south of
<collectingMunicipality id="AE76A92AFFF1FFA34FF385D2FDB7F863" box="[443,639,2005,2031]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Carrie Bow Cay</collectingMunicipality>
at
<elevation id="C580D463FFF1FFA34CE085D2FCF7F863" box="[680,831,2005,2031]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF1FFA34CE085D2FD3CF863" box="[680,756,2005,2031]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
from sand collected at a sand bore (
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34AB385D2FA50F863" box="[1275,1432,2005,2031]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="53" value="16.764723">16°45’53” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF2FFA04EDF829FFEF1FF3E" box="[151,313,152,178]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-88.11917">88°07’09” W</geoCoordinate>
), and from Twin Cays near
<collectingCounty id="A7734BDCFFF2FFA04CCD829FFD3EFF3E" box="[645,758,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">West Bay</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF2FFA04D4F829FFC6BFF3E" box="[775,931,152,178]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="56" value="16.832224">16°49’56” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF2FFA04DF8829FFB9AFF3E" box="[944,1106,152,178]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-88.108055">88°06’29” W</geoCoordinate>
), from subtidal sand among mangrove roots and
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF2FFA04FCF82C7FDD5FF56" box="[391,541,192,218]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04FCF82C7FE31FF55" box="[391,505,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF2FFA04E8F82E0FB8DFE2E" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF2FFA04E8F82E0FB4CFEDE" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04E8F82E0FE90FE8D" bold="true" box="[199,344,231,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF2FFA04C1082EFFD7FFE8E" box="[600,695,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="460.0">460 µm</quantity>
long when fully elongated and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF2FFA04A0C82EFFB5BFE8E" box="[1092,1171,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF2FFA04AAF82EFFA8CFE8E" box="[1255,1348,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,661,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-250@2.[264,1323,659,1613]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Haploposthia vandula. B. Kuma albiventer. C. Male copulatory organ of Kuma albiventer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). Body cylindrical. Anterior and posterior ends rounded; posterior more blunt. Body color dark reddish-brown by transmitted light. Often with prominent unpaired oocytes in posterior portion of body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF2FFA04E8F8367FB8DFE2E" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
Male gonopore terminal at posterior end of body (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF2FFA04D598367FCA5FEF6" box="[785,877,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,661,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-250@2.[264,1323,659,1613]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Haploposthia vandula. B. Kuma albiventer. C. Male copulatory organ of Kuma albiventer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
). Ciliated male antrum leads to ring of granular gland cells. Conspicuous mucoid gland cells surround seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF2FFA04D92838FFBFDFE2E" box="[986,1077,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,661,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-250@2.[264,1323,659,1613]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Haploposthia vandula. B. Kuma albiventer. C. Male copulatory organ of Kuma albiventer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF2FFA04E8F83A8FD48FDE6" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF2FFA04E8F83A8FD48FDE6" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,618]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04E8F83A8FEF1FE45" bold="true" box="[199,313,431,457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Remarks</emphasis>
. Prior to this collection,
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF2FFA04C1383B7FCD7FE45" authorityName=": Faubel" authorityYear="1976" box="[603,799,432,457]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="albiventer">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04C1383B7FCD7FE45" box="[603,799,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Kuma albiventer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was known only from the Island of São Sebastiao, off the coast of the state of
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFF2FFA04FE383DFFDEBFE7E" box="[427,547,472,498]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFF2FFA04C6783DFFDBEFE7E" box="[559,630,472,498]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF2FFA04CCD83DFFCEBFE7E" author="Marcus, E." box="[645,803,472,498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" pagination="419 - 489" refId="ref4682" refString="Marcus, E. (1954) Turbellaria Brasileiros (11). Papeis Avulsos Departamento de Zoologia Secretaria da Agricultura Sao Paulo, 11, 419 - 489." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcus 1954</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF2FFA04D6783DFFBFBFE7E" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Rocha, C. E. F." box="[815,1075,472,498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref4522" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Rocha, C. E. F. (2006) Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from the northern beaches of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and a systematic revision of the family Otocelididae. Zootaxa, 1335, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="2006">Hooge &amp; Rocha 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Our
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFF2FFA04A3383DFFB0EFE7E" box="[1147,1222,472,498]" name="Belize" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Belize</collectingCountry>
specimens appear almost identical to those from
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFF2FFA04FB38007FD8AFD96" box="[507,578,512,538]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and their conspecificity is confirmed by the presence of the ring of gland cells with granular contents located at the proximal end of the male antrum, which are interspersed with the more prominent mucoid glands (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF2FFA04C5E8057FDB9FDE6" box="[534,625,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,661,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-250@2.[264,1323,659,1613]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Haploposthia vandula. B. Kuma albiventer. C. Male copulatory organ of Kuma albiventer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086528/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

147
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<heading id="155A843CFFF1FFA34EDF81C2FD08FC53" bold="true" box="[151,704,965,991]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34EDF81C2FD08FC53" authority="Hooge and Tyler, 2001" authorityName="Hooge and Tyler" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,704,965,991]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="vandula">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF81C2FD08FC53" bold="true" box="[151,704,965,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF81C2FE6AFC53" bold="true" box="[151,418,965,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Haploposthia vandula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34FE281C2FD08FC53" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S." box="[426,704,965,991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="414 - 426" refId="ref4610" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2001) Interstitial acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114, 414 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">Hooge and Tyler, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF1FFA34EDF81EFFECBFB8E" box="[151,259,1000,1026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34EDF81EFFECBFB8E" blockId="1.[151,704,965,1026]" box="[151,259,1000,1026]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
(
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF1FFA34ED781EFFF32FB8E" box="[159,250,1000,1026]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,661,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-250@2.[264,1323,659,1613]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Haploposthia vandula. B. Kuma albiventer. C. Male copulatory organ of Kuma albiventer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086528/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF1FFA34EDF8630FB35FB46" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34EDF8630FCCCFBDE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1079,1466]" box="[151,772,1079,1106]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EDF8630FECCFBDD" bold="true" box="[151,260,1079,1105]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Material</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34E8F8658FB35FB46" blockId="1.[151,1436,1079,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34E8F8658FEE4FBF5" bold="true" box="[199,300,1119,1145]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Locality</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF1FFA34F728667FA95FBF6" box="[314,1373,1120,1146]" latitude="16.8025" location="Subtidal" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.08194" municipality="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4B72658BFFF1FFA34F728667FE53FBF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6048246FFF1FFA34EDF81C2FB8DFA36:4B72658BFFF1FFA34F728667FE53FBF6" box="[314,411,1120,1146]" latitude="16.8025" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.08194" municipality="Carrie Bow Cay" name="Subtidal" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Subtidal</location>
medium-grained sand surrounding
<collectingMunicipality id="AE76A92AFFF1FFA34D768667FC34FBF6" box="[830,1020,1120,1146]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Carrie Bow Cay</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34A458667FB6FFBF6" box="[1037,1191,1120,1146]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="09" value="16.8025">16°48’09” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34AFB8667FA9CFBF6" box="[1203,1364,1120,1146]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-88.08194">88°04’55” W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF1FFA34B218667FBAAFB2E" latitude="16.664722" location="Manatee Cay" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.1925" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1">
subtidal sediment from the south end of
<location id="4B72658BFFF1FFA34C12868FFD30FB2E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6048246FFF1FFA34EDF81C2FB8DFA36:4B72658BFFF1FFA34C12868FFD30FB2E" box="[602,760,1160,1186]" latitude="16.664722" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.1925" name="Manatee Cay" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Manatee Cay</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34D43868FFC60FB2E" box="[779,936,1160,1186]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="53" value="16.664722">16°39’53” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34DFF868FFB91FB2E" box="[951,1113,1160,1186]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-88.1925">88°11’33” W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF1FFA34A39868FFB31FB46" latitude="16.832224" location="Twin Cays" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.108055" municipality="West Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1">
and subtidal sand among mangrove roots and
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34FCF86B7FDE9FB46" box="[391,545,1200,1226]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34FCF86B7FE31FB45" box="[391,505,1200,1225]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
from
<location id="4B72658BFFF1FFA34C2186B7FD2EFB46" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6048246FFF1FFA34EDF81C2FB8DFA36:4B72658BFFF1FFA34C2186B7FD2EFB46" box="[617,742,1200,1226]" latitude="16.832224" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.108055" municipality="West Bay" name="Twin Cays" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Twin Cays</location>
near
<collectingMunicipality id="AE76A92AFFF1FFA34D6086B7FC50FB46" box="[808,920,1200,1226]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">West Bay</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34DE186B7FB8BFB46" box="[937,1091,1200,1226]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="56" value="16.832224">16°49’56” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF1FFA34A0786B7FB38FB46" box="[1103,1264,1200,1226]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-88.108055">88°06’29” W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF1FFA34E8F86D0FC47FACE" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34E8F86D0FC47FACE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1079,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34E8F86D0FE90FB7D" bold="true" box="[199,344,1239,1265]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens were ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF1FFA34CDE86DFFD3CFB7E" box="[662,756,1240,1266]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 µm</quantity>
long and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF1FFA34D3186DFFC1FFB7E" box="[889,983,1240,1266]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="300.0">300 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF1FFA34A6186DFFB4EFB7E" box="[1065,1158,1240,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,661,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-250@2.[264,1323,659,1613]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Haploposthia vandula. B. Kuma albiventer. C. Male copulatory organ of Kuma albiventer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086528" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086528/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Body with distinctive yellow-gold coloration. Anterior end rounded, posterior more blunt due to presence of terminal male gonopore. Mature specimens with prominent paired strands of oocytes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF1FFA34E8F8748FB8DFA36" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF1FFA34E8F8748FB8DFA36" blockId="1.[151,1436,1079,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34E8F8748FEF1FAE5" bold="true" box="[199,313,1359,1385]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34F028757FD99FAE5" authorityName="Hooge and Tyler" authorityYear="2001" box="[330,593,1360,1385]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="vandula">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34F028757FD99FAE5" box="[330,593,1360,1385]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Haploposthia vandula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the most commonly occurring acoel in our sediment samples. Its bright yellow coloration and broad body make it easily distinguishable from other acoels. This is the first finding of
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF1FFA34EAB87A7FEADFA35" authorityName="Hooge and Tyler" authorityYear="2001" box="[227,357,1440,1465]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="vandula">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF1FFA34EAB87A7FEADFA35" box="[227,357,1440,1465]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">H. vandula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
outside of its
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFF1FFA34C4387A7FDF5FA36" box="[523,573,1440,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFF1FFA34C8C87A7FCE7FA36" box="[708,815,1440,1466]" name="Bermuda" pageId="1" pageNumber="22">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF1FFA34D7787A7FBF0FA36" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S." box="[831,1080,1440,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="22" pagination="414 - 426" refId="ref4610" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2001) Interstitial acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114, 414 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">Hooge &amp; Tyler 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

288
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<mods:title id="52C1E5DC214C5E7AE47E08D8C1D9B0C6">Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Belize</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF2FFA04EDF853FFD85F8DE" blockId="2.[151,589,1848,1908]" box="[151,589,1848,1874]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="155A843CFFF2FFA04EDF853FFD85F8DE" bold="true" box="[151,589,1848,1874]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04EDF853FFD85F8DE" bold="true" box="[151,589,1848,1874]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF2FFA04EDF853FFE20F8DE" authority="Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2007" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,488,1848,1874]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04EDF853FFE20F8DE" bold="true" box="[151,488,1848,1874]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Parahaploposthia longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5239FFF2FFA04FB8853FFD85F8DE" box="[496,589,1848,1874]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF2FFA04EDF855DFEDFF8F8" blockId="2.[151,589,1848,1908]" box="[151,279,1882,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
(
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF2FFA04ED7855DFEC7F8F8" box="[159,271,1882,1908]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,255,1556,1580]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,255,1392,1416]" captionTargetBox-0="[272,1323,589,1535]" captionTargetBox-1="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetBox-2="[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetId-0="figure-321@3.[264,1323,589,1541]" captionTargetId-1="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId-2="figure-217@5.[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Male and female copulatory organs." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; whole-mounts stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of ventral body-wall musculature. Arrowheads point to diagonally-directed parenchymal muscles located beneath the body-wall musculature. B. Projection of male antrum." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086530" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086534" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5086530/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5086534/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF2FFA04EDF85ADFAC4F860" blockId="2.[151,1435,1962,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF2FFA04EDF85ADFE8EF848" bold="true" box="[151,326,1962,1988]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF2FFA04F1D85ADFD80F860" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="USNM 1096760" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFF2FFA04F1D85ADFE0EF848" box="[341,454,1962,1988]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<specimenCode id="1E0B9B2BFFF2FFA04F9985ADFD5EF848" box="[465,662,1962,1988]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM 1096760</specimenCode>
, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF2FFA04C1B85D5FAC0F860" box="[595,1288,2002,2028]" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="USNM 1096761" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFF2FFA04C1B85D5FD75F860" box="[595,701,2002,2028]" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
.
<specimenCode id="1E0B9B2BFFF2FFA04C8085D5FC45F860" box="[712,909,2002,2028]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM 1096761</specimenCode>
, epoxy-embedded whole mount
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8F8290FE05FE8D" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF3FFA14E8F8290FE00FE8D" elevation="6" latitude="16.8025" location="South of Carrie Bow Cay" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.08194" municipality="Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14E8F8290FEADFF3D" bold="true" box="[199,357,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFF3FFA14E8F8290FECCFF3D" box="[199,260,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
.
<location id="4B72658BFFF3FFA14F3C829FFD56FF3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6048246FFF2FFA74EDF853FFAE3F8F1:4B72658BFFF3FFA14F3C829FFD56FF3E" box="[372,670,152,178]" latitude="16.8025" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.08194" municipality="Carrie Bow Cay" name="South of Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">South of Carrie Bow Cay</location>
at
<elevation id="C580D463FFF3FFA14C8B829FFC96FF3E" box="[707,862,152,178]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF3FFA14C8B829FFCDDFF3E" box="[707,789,152,178]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3– 8 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
from sand collected at a sand bore (1645’53” N,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF3FFA14EDF82B8FEF1FF55" box="[151,313,191,217]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-88.11917">88°07’09” W</geoCoordinate>
), and south of
<collectingMunicipality id="AE76A92AFFF3FFA14FA582B8FD67FF55" box="[493,687,191,217]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Carrie Bow Cay</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF3FFA14C8982B8FC95FF55" box="[705,861,191,217]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="09" value="16.8025">16°48’09” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF3FFA14D2382B8FBC5FF55" box="[875,1037,191,217]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-88.08194">88°04’55” W</geoCoordinate>
), from medium-grained in a sand trough at
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF3FFA14F4F82E0FEFCFE8D" box="[263,308,231,257]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="5.0">
<elevation id="C580D463FFF3FFA14F4F82E0FEFCFE8D" box="[263,308,231,257]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="5.0">5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
water depth
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8F8309FB1DFEC3" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14E8F8309FDC9FEA4" bold="true" box="[199,513,270,296]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Other material examined</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; three sets of 2-µm-thick serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimens; whole mount for fluorescence imaging of musculature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF3FFA14E8F835AFBBFFEFB" box="[199,1143,349,375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8F835AFBBFFEFB" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,533]" box="[199,1143,349,375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14E8F835AFE84FEFB" bold="true" box="[199,332,349,375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Etymology</emphasis>
. Species name refers to the long tube-like nature of the male antrum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF3FFA64E8F8383FEC1FE8D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8F8383FD52FD99" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14E8F8383FE90FE12" bold="true" box="[199,344,388,414]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
. Unsqueezed, mature specimens ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF3FFA14CA58383FC81FE12" box="[749,841,388,414]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="400.0">400 µm</quantity>
long and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF3FFA14D858383FBE1FE12" box="[973,1065,388,414]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14A318383FB29FE12" box="[1145,1249,388,414]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,589,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-321@3.[264,1323,589,1541]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Male and female copulatory organs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086530/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14AA58383FADBFE12" box="[1261,1299,388,414]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14B688383FA80FE12" box="[1312,1352,388,414]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1392,1416]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-217@5.[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; whole-mounts stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of ventral body-wall musculature. Arrowheads point to diagonally-directed parenchymal muscles located beneath the body-wall musculature. B. Projection of male antrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">4A</figureCitation>
). Body cylindrical. Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Body color yellow by transmitted light. Epidermis completely ciliated. Without rhabdoid glands. Frontal organ well developed (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14DBC83D4FB9AFE61" box="[1012,1106,467,493]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Mouth opening on ventral surface, anterior half of body (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14FB383FCFD90FD99" box="[507,600,507,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14C2D83FCFD45FD99" box="[613,653,507,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1392,1416]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-217@5.[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; whole-mounts stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of ventral body-wall musculature. Arrowheads point to diagonally-directed parenchymal muscles located beneath the body-wall musculature. B. Projection of male antrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">4A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1AD263D8FFF3FFA14EDF8413FE12F9C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086530" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5086530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086530/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" startId="3.[151,255,1556,1580]" targetBox="[272,1323,589,1535]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14EDF8413FE12F9C7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1556,1611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14EDF8413FED1F9A0" bold="true" box="[151,281,1556,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF3FFA14F698413FD87F9A7" authority="Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2007" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[289,591,1556,1579]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14F698413FD87F9A7" box="[289,591,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Parahaploposthia longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF3FFA14C1E8413FD64F9A0" bold="true" box="[598,684,1556,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5239FFF3FFA14C1E8413FD64F9A0" box="[598,684,1556,1580]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Male and female copulatory organs.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8E8475FA5BF8A5" blockId="3.[151,1436,1650,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
Body-wall musculature with circular muscles that encircle the body along entire length of animal; straight longitudinal muscles present between frontal pore and anterior edge of mouth; longitudinal-cross-over muscles (fibers with a longitudinal orientation anteriorly, but bend medially to cross diagonally) present in both dorsal and ventral body wall; longitudinal muscles in anterior half of body that wrap around posterior rim of mouth (U-shaped muscles) present in ventral body wall; without anterior ventral diagonal muscles (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14B6F8508FA4EF8A5" box="[1319,1414,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1392,1416]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-217@5.[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; whole-mounts stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of ventral body-wall musculature. Arrowheads point to diagonally-directed parenchymal muscles located beneath the body-wall musculature. B. Projection of male antrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8E8530FC75F8DD" blockId="3.[151,1436,1650,2031]" box="[198,957,1847,1873]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Ovary unpaired, ventral. Testes paired, lateral to ovary, compact.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA14E8E8559FC96F82C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1650,2031]" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
Female gonopore and vagina absent. Seminal bursa, with sponge-like tissue wall, positioned in caudal portion of body, ventral to seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14CDC8581FD33F82C" box="[660,763,1926,1952]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,589,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-321@3.[264,1323,589,1541]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Male and female copulatory organs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086530/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Figs. 2B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14D4F8581FC98F82C" box="[775,848,1926,1952]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">3A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF3FFA64E8E85AAFEC1FE8D" blockId="3.[151,1436,1650,2031]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,257]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">
Male gonopore terminal at posterior end of body opens to long (~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF3FFA14DF585AAFBD4F84B" box="[957,1052,1965,1991]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 µm</quantity>
), ciliated male antrum (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14B6785AAFF65F863" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1556,1580]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,589,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-321@3.[264,1323,589,1541]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Male and female copulatory organs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086530" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086530/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Figs. 2A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14EF385D2FEE6F863" box="[187,302,2005,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">3A, B, D</figureCitation>
). Male antrum wall composed of outer longitudinal and inner circular muscle fibers (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF3FFA14B7885D2FA47F863" box="[1328,1423,2005,2031]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1392,1416]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetId="figure-217@5.[321,1266,194,1368]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; whole-mounts stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of ventral body-wall musculature. Arrowheads point to diagonally-directed parenchymal muscles located beneath the body-wall musculature. B. Projection of male antrum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086534/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Epithelium of antrum penetrated by necks of gland cells that empty into lumen of antrum (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF4FFA64AF5829FFAD3FF3E" box="[1213,1307,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
). Proximal end of male antrum capped with small, sperm-filled, seminal vesicle with thin tissue wall lacking musculature (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF4FFA64ED782E0FF33FE8D" box="[159,251,231,257]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetId="figure-110@4.[264,1323,312,1750]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Parahaploposthia longituba sp. nov.; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="1AD263D8FFF4FFA64EDF84E9FEABF8E2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086532" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5086532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086532/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" startId="4.[151,255,1774,1798]" targetBox="[272,1323,312,1750]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF4FFA64EDF84E9FEABF8E2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1774,1902]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF4FFA64EDF84E9FED1F88A" bold="true" box="[151,281,1774,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF4FFA64F6884E8FD85F88A" authority="Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2007" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[288,589,1775,1798]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF4FFA64F6884E8FD85F88A" box="[288,589,1775,1798]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Parahaploposthia longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF4FFA64C1C84E9FD61F88A" bold="true" box="[596,681,1774,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5239FFF4FFA64C1C84E9FD61F88A" box="[596,681,1774,1798]" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; Sagittal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B. Posterior end of animal, showing copulatory organs. Epidermal fold is an artifact of fixation and does not lead to a pore in body wall. C. Anterior end of animal. D. Portion of ciliated male antrum, showing gland cells (arrowheads) within antrum epithelium.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1AD263D8FFF5FFA74EDF8777FB50FA41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086534" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5086534" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086534/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" startId="5.[151,255,1392,1416]" targetBox="[321,1266,194,1368]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF5FFA74EDF8777FB50FA41" blockId="5.[151,1436,1392,1485]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74EDF8777FED1FA04" bold="true" box="[151,281,1392,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74F688776FD86FA04" authority="Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2007" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[288,590,1393,1416]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74F688776FD86FA04" box="[288,590,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Parahaploposthia longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74C1D8777FD62FA04" bold="true" box="[597,682,1392,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5239FFF5FFA74C1D8777FD62FA04" box="[597,682,1392,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; whole-mounts stained with Alexa-488-labeled phalloidin and viewed with confocal microscopy. A. Projection of ventral body-wall musculature. Arrowheads point to diagonally-directed parenchymal muscles located beneath the body-wall musculature. B. Projection of male antrum.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF5FFA74E8E8424FAE3F8F1" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF5FFA74E8E8424FAE3F8F1" blockId="5.[151,1436,1571,1917]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74E8E8424FEF0F9B1" bold="true" box="[198,312,1571,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
. As is the case with
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74C618423FCBCF9B1" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[553,884,1572,1597]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74C618423FCBCF9B1" box="[553,884,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Parahaploposthia longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the five previously described species of
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74B1F8423FEF8F9E9" authorityName="Dorjes" authorityYear="1968" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74B1F8423FEF8F9E9" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Parahaploposthia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have an unpaired ovary, paired testes, and a ciliated male antrum (see
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF5FFA74A31844CFA8BF9E9" author="Tyler, S. &amp; Schilling, S. &amp; Hooge, M. &amp; Bush, L. F." box="[1145,1347,1611,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" refId="ref4868" refString="Tyler, S., Schilling, S., Hooge, M. &amp; Bush, L. F. (comp.) (2006) Turbellarian taxonomic database. Version 1.5. Available from: http: // turbellaria. umaine. edu (02 / 13 / 07)." type="url" year="2006">
Tyler
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74AF7844BFB33F9E9" box="[1215,1275,1612,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74B1F844BFE63F901" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74B1F844BFE63F901" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Parahaploposthia longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stands distinct from all the others in having well-developed frontal glands and an exceptionally long male antrum. The antrum of
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74C80849BFC7AF939" authority="Fegley" authorityName="Fegley" box="[712,946,1691,1717]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="thiophilus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74C80849BFC92F939" box="[712,858,1692,1717]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. thiophilus</emphasis>
Fegley
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFF5FFA74DF6849CFBCFF939" box="[958,1031,1691,1717]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Smith</collectingRegion>
, &amp; Rieger, 1984, is similarly elongated but only about half the length of that of
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74C8884C3FC86F951" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[704,846,1732,1757]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74C8884C3FC86F951" box="[704,846,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF5FFA74D2784C4FC77F951" box="[879,959,1731,1757]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 µm</quantity>
vs
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF5FFA74DA284C4FB83F951" box="[1002,1099,1731,1757]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="140.0">140 µm</quantity>
). Like
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74AD784C3FED6F889" authority="Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2001" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2001" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="velvetum">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74AD784C3FAEDF951" box="[1183,1317,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. velvetum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF5FFA74B6684C4FED6F889" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S." pageId="5" pageNumber="26" pagination="414 - 426" refId="ref4610" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2001) Interstitial acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114, 414 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74F1384EBFE24F889" box="[347,492,1772,1797]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="thiophilus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74F1384EBFE24F889" box="[347,492,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. thiophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74FB384EBFD5BF889" box="[507,659,1772,1797]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longitubus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74FB384EBFD5BF889" box="[507,659,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. longitubus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a seminal bursa, but it lacks the vagina that connects the bursa to the posterior end of the body in those two species (
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Fegley
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74D178513FC52F8A1" box="[863,922,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
1984
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF5FFA74DA28514FB29F8A1" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S." box="[1002,1249,1811,1837]" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" pagination="414 - 426" refId="ref4610" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2001) Interstitial acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114, 414 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">Hooge &amp; Tyler 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74ABC8513FA49F8A1" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[1268,1409,1812,1837]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="longituba">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74ABC8513FA49F8A1" box="[1268,1409,1812,1837]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. longituba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is further distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74F9E853BFDA2F8D9" box="[470,618,1852,1877]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="thiophilus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74F9E853BFDA2F8D9" box="[470,618,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. thiophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having pale coloration (brown in
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74A6A853BFB7DF8D9" box="[1058,1205,1852,1877]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="thiophilus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74A6A853BFB7DF8D9" box="[1058,1205,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. thiophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a more anteriorly positioned mouth (mid-body in
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF5FFA74C448563FD55F8F1" box="[524,669,1892,1917]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Parahaploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="thiophilus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF5FFA74C448563FD55F8F1" box="[524,669,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">P. thiophilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and frontal glands extending posterior to the statocyst.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

213
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<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44EDF82DAFDC8FF7B" bold="true" box="[151,512,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44EDF8348FE8EFEE5" bold="true" box="[151,326,335,361]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Type material</emphasis>
.
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.
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, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF6FFA44E8F8398FDE9FDBE" blockId="6.[151,1436,335,722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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locality
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(
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), from fine-grained sand in a trough at
<elevation id="C580D463FFF6FFA44EDF83CFFEEEFE6E" box="[151,294,456,482]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="30.0">
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF6FFA44EDF83CFFF1EFE6E" box="[151,214,456,482]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
, south of
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at
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<quantity id="89559EB5FFF6FFA44CDF83CFFD2DFE6E" box="[663,741,456,482]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
from sand collected at a sand bore (
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,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF6FFA44EDF83F7FEF1FD86" box="[151,313,496,522]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-88.11917">88°07’09” W</geoCoordinate>
), and from
<collectingMunicipality id="AE76A92AFFF6FFA44F8B83F7FD89FD86" box="[451,577,496,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Twin Cays</collectingMunicipality>
near
<collectingCounty id="A7734BDCFFF6FFA44CCD83F7FD3EFD86" box="[645,758,496,522]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">West Bay</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF6FFA44D4F83F7FC6BFD86" box="[775,931,496,522]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="56" value="16.832224">16°49’56” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF6FFA44DF883F7FB9AFD86" box="[944,1106,496,522]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" precision="15" seconds="29" value="-88.108055">88°06’29” W</geoCoordinate>
), from subtidal sand among mangrove roots and
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF6FFA44FCF801FFDD5FDBE" box="[391,541,536,562]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44FCF801FFE31FDBD" box="[391,505,536,561]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp
</taxonomicName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF6FFA44E8F8038FDF6FD0E" blockId="6.[151,1436,335,722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44E8F8038FDCDFDD5" bold="true" box="[199,517,575,601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Other material examined</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; one set of 2-µm-thick serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF6FFA44E8F8088FE1AFD5E" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF6FFA44E8F8088FE1AFD5E" blockId="6.[151,1436,335,722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44E8F8088FE84FD25" bold="true" box="[199,332,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named in honor of James Rodman of the
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFF6FFA44D078097FC4BFD26" box="[847,899,656,682]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">U.S.</collectingCountry>
National Science Foundation, a champion of systematics and taxonomy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF6FFA44EDF850DFE0FF8EB" blockId="6.[151,1436,1802,1895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44EDF850DFED2F8AE" bold="true" box="[151,282,1802,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF6FFA44F6A850CFDAAF8AE" authority="Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2007" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[290,610,1803,1826]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Pseudohaplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="rodmani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44F6A850CFDAAF8AE" box="[290,610,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44C22850DFD09F8AE" bold="true" box="[618,705,1802,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5239FFF6FFA44C22850DFD09F8AE" box="[618,705,1802,1826]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF6FFA54E8F859DFE59FE7E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF6FFA54E8F859DFC97FF56" blockId="6.[151,1436,1946,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,152,898]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF6FFA44E8F859DFE90F838" bold="true" box="[199,344,1946,1972]" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF6FFA44C1F859CFD7EF839" box="[599,694,1947,1973]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="450.0">450 µm</quantity>
long and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF6FFA44D76859CFC53F839" box="[830,923,1947,1973]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF6FFA44DA6859CFBB4F839" box="[1006,1148,1947,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Figs. 5A, B</figureCitation>
). Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Epidermis uncolored by transmitted light. Epidermis completely ciliated. Numerous red rhab- doids present in body wall, especially concentrated on dorsal side (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54DE8829FFBE1FF3E" box="[928,1065,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Figs. 5A, B</figureCitation>
). Frontal organ well developed. Mouth opening on ventral surface, middle of body (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54CBD82C7FC9AFF56" box="[757,850,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8E82EFFB0BFEA6" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Ovary unpaired, ventral, extends from mouth posteriorly to seminal bursa. Testes paired, lateral to ovary, compact, separate from ovary, extend from level of statocyst posteriorly to seminal vesicle.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8E833FFCD3FEF6" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
Female gonopore and vagina absent. Seminal bursa positioned caudally, ventral to seminal vesicle. Bursa with ventro-anteriorly directed bursal nozzle (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54CF98367FCC6FEF6" box="[689,782,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8E838FFE59FE7E" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
Male gonopore ventral, at posterior end of body (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54D4B838FFCA4FE2E" box="[771,876,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Figs. 5D</figureCitation>
). Gonopore surrounded by large gland cells that do not stain distinctly in toluidine blue (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54CC883B7FD29FE46" box="[640,737,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). Seminal vesicle positioned slightly anterior to gonopore gland cells (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54F6D83DFFE4BFE7E" box="[293,387,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,778,1775]" captionTargetId="figure-216@6.[148,1440,778,1778]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani sp. nov.; A. Dorsal view of living specimen. B. Sagittal histological section of whole specimen. C. Sagittal histological section through seminal bursa and bursal nozzle. D. Sagittal histological section through male gonopore." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086536/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF7FFA54E8E83F8FF2BFC0E" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8E83F8FDC8FD1E" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54E8E83F8FEF0FD95" bold="true" box="[198,312,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Remarks</emphasis>
. This species was easily distinguished from other acoels in our samples by its numerous red rhabdoid glands. While most specimens we collected were of a similar size, we encountered
<specimenCount id="58ABF8D9FFF7FFA54AB1802FFA54FDCE" box="[1273,1436,552,578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
that was much larger and seemed to have a significantly larger copulatory organ; we were unable to confirm if this specimen was conspecific.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8E80A7FF2BFC0E" blockId="7.[151,1436,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54E8E80A7FDEDFD35" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[198,549,672,697]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Pseudohaplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="rodmani">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54E8E80A7FDEDFD35" box="[198,549,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Pseudohaplogonaria rodmani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is united with the five previously described species in the genus in having a seminal bursa with a sclerotized bursal nozzle and a weakly developed or absent seminal vesicle (see
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF7FFA54B0980CFFF33FC86" author="Tyler, S. &amp; Schilling, S. &amp; Hooge, M. &amp; Bush, L. F." pageId="7" pageNumber="28" refId="ref4868" refString="Tyler, S., Schilling, S., Hooge, M. &amp; Bush, L. F. (comp.) (2006) Turbellarian taxonomic database. Version 1.5. Available from: http: // turbellaria. umaine. edu (02 / 13 / 07)." type="url" year="2006">
Tyler
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54BCF80CFFF7DFC85" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
). The relative simplicity of the male and female copulatory organs of this species is similar to that of the much smaller (~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF7FFA54F37811FFE15FCBE" box="[383,477,792,818]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 µm</quantity>
long)
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54C60811FFC0AFCBE" authority="Ehlers and Dorjes, 1979" authorityName="Ehlers and Dorjes" authorityYear="1979" box="[552,962,792,818]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Pseudohaplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="minima">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54C60811FFD54FCBD" box="[552,668,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">P. minima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF7FFA54CEC811FFC0AFCBE" author="Ehlers, U. &amp; Dorjes, J." box="[676,962,792,818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref4324" refString="Ehlers, U. &amp; Dorjes, J. (1979) Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. XXIII. Acoela (Turbellaria). Mikrofauna Meeresboden, 72, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1979">Ehlers and Dörjes, 1979</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from the Galapagos; however, unlike
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54BCE811FFEB7FCD5" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54BCE811FFF3AFCD5" authorityName="Ehlers and Dorjes" authorityYear="1979" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Pseudohaplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="minima">P. minima</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54EB78147FEB7FCD5" authorityName="Hooge &amp; Tyler" authorityYear="2007" box="[255,383,832,857]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Pseudohaplogonaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="rodmani">P. rodmani</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
lacks a vagina connecting the seminal bursa to the common gonopore (
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF7FFA54A908147FF1EFC0E" author="Ehlers, U. &amp; Dorjes, J." pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 75" refId="ref4324" refString="Ehlers, U. &amp; Dorjes, J. (1979) Interstitielle Fauna von Galapagos. XXIII. Acoela (Turbellaria). Mikrofauna Meeresboden, 72, 1 - 75." type="journal article" year="1979">Ehlers &amp; Dörjes 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

113
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54EDF866DFDD1FB08" blockId="7.[151,537,1130,1191]" box="[151,537,1130,1156]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="155A843CFFF7FFA54EDF866DFDD1FB08" bold="true" box="[151,537,1130,1156]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54EDF866DFDD1FB08" ID-CoL="3M6F2" authority="Correa, 1960" authorityName="Correa" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,537,1130,1156]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Hofsteniidae" genus="Hofstenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="miamia">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EDF866DFDD1FB08" bold="true" box="[151,537,1130,1156]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EDF866DFEB8FB08" bold="true" box="[151,368,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Hofstenia miamia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF7FFA54F3F866DFDD1FB08" author="Correa, D. D." box="[375,537,1130,1156]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="208 - 216" refId="ref4210" refString="Correa, D. D. (1960) Two new marine Turbellaria from Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean, 10, 208 - 216." type="journal article" year="1960">Correa, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF7FFA54EDF868AFEF9FB2B" box="[151,305,1165,1191]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54EDF868AFEF9FB2B" blockId="7.[151,537,1130,1191]" box="[151,305,1165,1191]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
(
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54ED7868AFEE0FB2B" box="[159,296,1165,1191]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-199@8.[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Hofstenia miamia collected from decaying mangrove leaves. B. Hofstenia miamia collected from a bed of Thalassia sp. C. Avagina cf. marci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086538/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Figs. 6A, B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF7FFA54EDF86DAFCC0FA1B" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54EDF86DAFD9FFA93" blockId="7.[151,1436,1245,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EDF86DAFECCFB7B" bold="true" box="[151,260,1245,1271]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Material</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="28BCAB95FFF7FFA54F5E86DAFEA3FB7B" box="[278,363,1245,1271]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
1096778 and
<collectionCode id="28BCAB95FFF7FFA54C5686DAFDBBFB7B" box="[542,627,1245,1271]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8z6v-f8is" name="Department of Paleozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">SMNH</collectionCode>
89913, two sets of 2-µm-thick serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimens stained with toluidine blue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8F872AFCC0FA1B" blockId="7.[151,1436,1245,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54E8F872AFEF7FACB" bold="true" box="[199,319,1325,1351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Localities</emphasis>
. Grouper Garden, Twin Cays (
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF7FFA54CF7872AFC95FACB" box="[703,861,1325,1351]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="46" value="16.829445">16°49’46” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF7FFA54D25872AFBDBFACB" box="[877,1043,1325,1351]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-88.102776">88°06’10” W</geoCoordinate>
), from submerged and decaying mangrove leaves surrounding mangrove rhizomes, and Carrie Bow Cay (
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF7FFA54A488752FB54FAE3" box="[1024,1180,1365,1391]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="09" value="16.8025">16°48’09” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF7FFA54AE28752FA84FAE3" box="[1194,1356,1365,1391]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-88.08194">88°04’55” W</geoCoordinate>
), from subtidal
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54EB3877AFE5DFA1B" box="[251,405,1405,1431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EB3877AFEA5FA1A" box="[251,365,1405,1430]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
roots and underlying sediment.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF7FFA54E8F87A2FD9EF9D3" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54E8F87A2FD9EF9D3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1245,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54E8F87A2FE90FA33" bold="true" box="[199,344,1445,1471]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF7FFA54C1587A2FD6CFA33" box="[605,676,1445,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
long contracted and
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF7FFA54DE087A2FBC3FA33" box="[936,1035,1445,1471]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
when elongated. Specimens collected from mangrove leaves usually with brown coloration and three white cross bands (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54AF887CAFAC6FA6B" box="[1200,1294,1485,1511]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-199@8.[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Hofstenia miamia collected from decaying mangrove leaves. B. Hofstenia miamia collected from a bed of Thalassia sp. C. Avagina cf. marci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086538/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
); often with additional spots of white. Specimens collected from
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54CB487F2FC5EF983" box="[764,918,1525,1551]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54CB487F2FCA6F982" box="[764,878,1525,1550]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
mostly white, with wide brown band covering the lateral regions of the dorsal side but not crossing over the dorsal midline (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF7FFA54A11841AFB7FF9BB" box="[1113,1207,1565,1591]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-199@8.[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Hofstenia miamia collected from decaying mangrove leaves. B. Hofstenia miamia collected from a bed of Thalassia sp. C. Avagina cf. marci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086538/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Internal morphology identical in the two color morphs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

133
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFA54EDF8542FD67F8D3" blockId="7.[151,687,1861,1922]" box="[151,687,1861,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="155A843CFFF7FFA54EDF8542FD67F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,687,1861,1887]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF7FFA54EDF8542FD67F8D3" ID-CoL="K29H" authority="Dorjes and Karling, 1975" authorityName="Dorjes and Karling" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,687,1861,1887]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Avagina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="marci">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EDF8542FD67F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,687,1861,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EDF8542FF32F8D3" bold="true" box="[151,250,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Avagina</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54F6E8542FEA4F8D3" bold="true" box="[294,364,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">marci</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF7FFA54F3C8542FD67F8D3" author="Dorjes, J. &amp; Karling, T. G." box="[372,687,1861,1887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="175 - 189" refId="ref4279" refString="Dorjes, J. &amp; Karling, T. G. (1975) Species of Turbellaria Acoela in the Swedish Museum of Natural History, with remarks on their anatomy, taxonomy and distribution. Zoologica Scripta, 4, 175 - 189." type="journal article" year="1975">Dörjes and Karling, 1975</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF7FFAA4EDF85B5FE8DFF56" blockId="7.[151,1435,1970,2036]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,498]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54EDF85B5FECCF840" bold="true" box="[151,260,1970,1996]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="FEC5390DFFF7FFAA4F5B85B5FE89FF56" county="Carrie Bow Cay" elevation="30" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" latitude="16.764723" location="Living" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.11917" municipality="Localities. East of Carrie Bow Cay" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<location id="4B72658BFFF7FFA54F5B85B5FEA9F840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C6048246FFF7FFAA4EDF8542FF11FE7E:4B72658BFFF7FFA54F5B85B5FEA9F840" box="[275,353,1970,1996]" county="Carrie Bow Cay" latitude="16.764723" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-88.11917" municipality="Localities. East of Carrie Bow Cay" name="Living" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Living</location>
specimens in squeeze preparation; ethanol-preserved specimens for DNA extraction.
<collectingMunicipality id="AE76A92AFFF7FFA54E8F85DDFDACF878" box="[199,612,2010,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF7FFA54E8F85DDFEF7F878" bold="true" box="[199,319,2010,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Localities</emphasis>
. East of Carrie Bow Cay
</collectingMunicipality>
(
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,
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), from fine-grained sand in a sand trough at
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depth
</elevation>
, and south of
<collectingCounty id="A7734BDCFFF8FFAA4F94829FFD52FF3E" box="[476,666,152,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Carrie Bow Cay</collectingCounty>
at
<elevation id="C580D463FFF8FFAA4CF6829FFC9FFF3E" box="[702,855,152,178]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF8FFAA4CF6829FFCC7FF3E" box="[702,783,152,178]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3– 8 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
from sand collected at a sand bore (
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,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF8FFAA4EDF82C7FEF0FF56" box="[151,312,192,218]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-88.11917">88°07’09” W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF8FFAA4E8F82E0FBC6FEDE" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF8FFAA4E8F82E0FBC6FEDE" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4E8F82E0FE90FE8D" bold="true" box="[199,344,231,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF8FFAA4C1E82EFFD7CFE8E" box="[598,692,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="600.0">600 µm</quantity>
in length and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF8FFAA4D3882EFFC06FE8E" box="[880,974,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF8FFAA4A6882EFFBB7FE8E" box="[1056,1151,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-199@8.[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Hofstenia miamia collected from decaying mangrove leaves. B. Hofstenia miamia collected from a bed of Thalassia sp. C. Avagina cf. marci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086538/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). Anterior and posterior ends rounded; posterior end club-shaped (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF8FFAA4CC78317FD27FEA6" box="[655,751,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1538,1562]" captionTargetBox="[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-199@8.[266,1321,554,1514]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Photomicrographs of living acoel specimens. A. Hofstenia miamia collected from decaying mangrove leaves. B. Hofstenia miamia collected from a bed of Thalassia sp. C. Avagina cf. marci." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086538/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
). Body without coloration in transmitted light. Rhabdoid glands not present. Mouth opening on ventral surface, anterior half of body.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF8FFAA4E8F8358FF11FE7E" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF8FFAA4E8F8358FF11FE7E" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4E8F8358FEF1FEF5" bold="true" box="[199,313,351,377]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Remarks</emphasis>
. Mature specimens of this species were relatively fragile, thereby preventing us from obtaining material suitable for histological sections. We tentatively identify this species as
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF8FFAA4A38838FFAD6FE2D" authorityName="Dorjes and Karling" authorityYear="1975" box="[1136,1310,392,417]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Avagina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="marci">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4A38838FFAD6FE2D" box="[1136,1310,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Avagina marci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to its superficial similarity in appearance to
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF8FFAA4C1383B7FD77FE45" authorityName="Dorjes and Karling" authorityYear="1975" box="[603,703,432,457]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Isodiametridae" genus="Avagina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="marci">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4C1383B7FD77FE45" box="[603,703,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">A. marci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well its nearly identical 18S rDNA sequence (unpublished data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

179
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<paragraph id="4E123350FFF8FFAA4EDF8525FD01F8B0" blockId="8.[151,713,1826,1887]" box="[151,713,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="155A843CFFF8FFAA4EDF8525FD01F8B0" bold="true" box="[151,713,1826,1852]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF8FFAA4EDF8525FD01F8B0" ID-CoL="6VY5T" authority="Hooge and Smith, 2004" authorityName="Hooge and Smith" authorityYear="2004" box="[151,713,1826,1852]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Proporidae" genus="Proporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4EDF8525FD01F8B0" bold="true" box="[151,713,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4EDF8525FE68F8B0" bold="true" box="[151,416,1826,1852]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Proporus carolinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFF8FFAA4FE08525FD01F8B0" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S." box="[424,713,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref4574" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S. (2004) New acoels (Acoela, Acoelomorpha from North Carolina. Zootaxa, 442, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="2004">Hooge and Smith, 2004</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF8FFAA4EDF8542FED0F8D3" box="[151,280,1861,1887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF8FFAA4EDF8542FED0F8D3" blockId="8.[151,713,1826,1887]" box="[151,280,1861,1887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
(
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF8FFAA4ED78542FEC6F8D3" box="[159,270,1861,1887]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="9.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox-0="[276,1323,706,1877]" captionTargetBox-1="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId-0="figure-222@9.[264,1323,702,1877]" captionTargetId-1="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Dorsal view of unsqueezed specimen. B. Lateral view of squeezed specimen. C. Lateral view of anterior end, showing the pharynx. D. Lateral view of posterior end, showing male copulatory organ." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086540" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5086540/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Figs. 7–8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF8FFAB4EDF8592FA5EFF56" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF8FFAA4EDF8592FCEDF85B" blockId="8.[151,1436,1941,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF8FFAA4EDF8592FECCF823" bold="true" box="[151,260,1941,1967]" pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Material</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="28BCAB95FFF8FFAA4F5B8592FEA0F823" box="[275,360,1941,1967]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
1096763, one set of 2-µm-thick serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimens stained with toluidine blue; living specimens in squeeze preparation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF9FFAB4E8E8290FA5EFF56" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF9FFAB4E8E8290FEE3FF3D" bold="true" box="[198,299,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Locality</emphasis>
. Carrie Bow Cay (
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,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFF9FFAB4CE6829FFC86FF3E" box="[686,846,152,178]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-88.08194">88°04’55” W</geoCoordinate>
), from a patch of clean, medium-grained sand that abuts the southern edge of a
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF9FFAB4FA882C7FDB2FF56" box="[480,634,192,218]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF9FFAB4FA882C7FD9AFF55" box="[480,594,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
bed, approximately
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF9FFAB4D2082C7FC6BFF56" box="[872,931,192,218]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
from the northeast end of Carrie Bow Cay.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFF9FFAB4E8E82E0FE65FD1E" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF9FFAB4E8E82E0FD10FEA6" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF9FFAB4E8E82E0FE9FFE8D" bold="true" box="[198,343,231,257]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF9FFAB4C0E82EFFCCCFE8E" box="[582,772,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.35" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="835.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="670.0">670 to 1000 µm</quantity>
long and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFF9FFAB4DC182EFFC2FFE8E" box="[905,999,232,258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4A7182EFFB0DFE8E" box="[1081,1221,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[276,1323,706,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-222@9.[264,1323,702,1877]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Dorsal view of unsqueezed specimen. B. Lateral view of squeezed specimen. C. Lateral view of anterior end, showing the pharynx. D. Lateral view of posterior end, showing male copulatory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086540/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Figs. 7A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4A9A82EFFB32FE8E" box="[1234,1274,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">8A</figureCitation>
). Body cylindrical. Anterior end rounded, posterior end blunt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF9FFAB4E8E833FFF04FEF6" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
Mouth opening subterminal, ventral, anterior end of body. Mouth opens to ciliated pharynx (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4B65833FFA5EFEDE" box="[1325,1430,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[276,1323,706,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-222@9.[264,1323,702,1877]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Dorsal view of unsqueezed specimen. B. Lateral view of squeezed specimen. C. Lateral view of anterior end, showing the pharynx. D. Lateral view of posterior end, showing male copulatory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086540/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Figs. 7C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4EDF8367FF76FEF6" box="[151,190,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF9FFAB4E8E838FFE59FE46" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
Ovary unpaired, ventral. Testes paired, lateral; converge to central mass immediately anterior to seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4EB083B7FE4BFE46" box="[248,387,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Figs. 8A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF9FFAB4E8E83DFFE65FD1E" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
Female gonopore, vagina, and seminal bursa all absent. Male gonopore terminal at posterior end, opens to ciliated, tubular male antrum (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4FB18007FDA9FD96" box="[505,609,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[276,1323,706,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-222@9.[264,1323,702,1877]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Dorsal view of unsqueezed specimen. B. Lateral view of squeezed specimen. C. Lateral view of anterior end, showing the pharynx. D. Lateral view of posterior end, showing male copulatory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086540/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Figs. 7D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4C268007FD5BFD96" box="[622,659,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">8B</figureCitation>
). Wall of antrum with circular and longitudinal muscles (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4B798007FA45FD96" box="[1329,1421,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). Seminal vesicle at proximal end of male antrum; sperm in antrum aligned in parallel, longitudinally (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4B67802FFA5FFDCE" box="[1327,1431,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[276,1323,706,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-222@9.[264,1323,702,1877]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Dorsal view of unsqueezed specimen. B. Lateral view of squeezed specimen. C. Lateral view of anterior end, showing the pharynx. D. Lateral view of posterior end, showing male copulatory organ." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086540/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Figs. 7D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4EDF8057FF74FDE6" box="[151,188,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">8B</figureCitation>
). Sperm of seminal vesicle surrounded by long, filamentous, metachromatic red strands (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFF9FFAB4A838057FAEEFDE6" box="[1227,1318,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" captionTargetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetId="figure-225@10.[294,1292,194,1197]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 8. Proporus carolinensis; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
), likely to be glandular secretions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="1AD263D8FFF9FFAB4EDF8566FDEAF832" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086540" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5086540" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086540/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" startId="9.[151,255,1889,1913]" targetBox="[276,1323,706,1877]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFF9FFAB4EDF8566FDEAF832" blockId="9.[151,1436,1889,1982]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF9FFAB4EDF8566FED1F8F5" bold="true" box="[151,281,1889,1913]" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFF9FFAB4F698565FDC5F8F5" authorityName="Hooge and Smith" authorityYear="2004" box="[289,525,1890,1913]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Proporidae" genus="Proporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFF9FFAB4F698565FDC5F8F5" box="[289,525,1890,1913]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">Proporus carolinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Dorsal view of unsqueezed specimen. B. Lateral view of squeezed specimen. C. Lateral view of anterior end, showing the pharynx. D. Lateral view of posterior end, showing male copulatory organ.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1AD263D8FFFAFFA84EDF86C2FA98FB73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086542" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5086542" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086542/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" startId="10.[151,255,1221,1245]" targetBox="[306,1292,194,1197]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFFAFFA84EDF86C2FA98FB73" blockId="10.[151,1435,1221,1279]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84EDF86C2FED1FB51" bold="true" box="[151,281,1221,1245]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFFAFFA84F5686C2FDC1FB50" authorityName="Hooge and Smith" authorityYear="2004" box="[286,521,1221,1244]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Proporidae" genus="Proporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84F5686C2FDC1FB50" box="[286,521,1221,1244]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Proporus carolinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A. Whole specimen. B. Male copulatory organ. Arrowheads point to metachromatic red filamentous strands surrounding sperm of seminal vesicle.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFFAFFA84E8E8735FDC5F9B0" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFFAFFA84E8E8735FDC5F9B0" blockId="10.[151,1436,1330,1596]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84E8E8735FEF0FAC0" bold="true" box="[198,312,1330,1356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Remarks</emphasis>
. Previously known only from its
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFFAFFA84C848735FD36FAC0" box="[716,766,1330,1356]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
locality at Oak Island,
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFFAFFA84A518735FB04FAC0" box="[1049,1228,1330,1356]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFFAFFA84A958735FF1EFAF8" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S." pageId="10" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref4574" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S. (2004) New acoels (Acoela, Acoelomorpha from North Carolina. Zootaxa, 442, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="2004">
Hooge &amp;
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFFAFFA84B1E8735FA54FAC0" box="[1366,1436,1330,1356]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Smith</collectingRegion>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFFAFFA84EA1875CFE5BFAF8" authorityName="Hooge and Smith" authorityYear="2004" box="[233,403,1371,1396]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Proporidae" genus="Proporus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="carolinensis">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84EA1875CFE5BFAF8" box="[233,403,1371,1396]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">P. carolinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was uncommon in our samples and was found at only one collection site. The metachromatic red strands surrounding the sperm of the seminal vesicle in the newly collected specimens were not visible in the histological sections of the
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFFAFFA84C1A87ADFD4CFA48" box="[594,644,1450,1476]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">type</typeStatus>
material from
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFFAFFA84D7B87ADFC2FFA48" box="[819,999,1450,1476]" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
; however, we wonder if these strands contribute to the appearance in living specimens that the seminal vesicle contains sclerotized needles. It was previously thought that this appearance was caused solely by the sperm of the seminal vesicle being aligned in parallel (
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFFAFFA84EB68425FDC9F9B0" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S." box="[254,513,1570,1596]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 24" refId="ref4574" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Smith, J. P. S. (2004) New acoels (Acoela, Acoelomorpha from North Carolina. Zootaxa, 442, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="2004">
Hooge &amp;
<collectingRegion id="8C69FDB2FFFAFFA84F3B8425FE71F9B0" box="[371,441,1570,1596]" country="Bermuda" name="Smith's" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Smith</collectingRegion>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

114
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<mods:title id="C11704766E5E2A4ECA915DFF7C05CD2A">Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Belize</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFFAFFA84EDF851DFD20F8B8" box="[151,744,1818,1844]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFFAFFA84EDF851DFD20F8B8" blockId="10.[151,744,1818,1844]" box="[151,744,1818,1844]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<heading id="155A843CFFFAFFA84EDF851DFD20F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,744,1818,1844]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFFAFFA84EDF851DFD20F8B8" authority="Hooge and Tyler, 2001" authorityName="Hooge and Tyler" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,744,1818,1844]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Sagittiferidae" genus="Antrosagittifera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="corallina">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84EDF851DFD20F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,744,1818,1844]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84EDF851DFE03F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,459,1818,1844]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Antrosagittifera corallina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFFAFFA84F9B851DFD20F8B8" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S." box="[467,744,1818,1844]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" pagination="414 - 426" refId="ref4610" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2001) Interstitial acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114, 414 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">Hooge and Tyler, 2001</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFFAFFA84EDF8567FA5DF82D" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFFAFFA84EDF8567FD31F8F6" blockId="10.[151,1436,1888,2034]" box="[151,761,1888,1914]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84EDF8567FECCF8F6" bold="true" box="[151,260,1888,1914]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Material</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E123350FFFAFFA84E8E858FFA5DF82D" blockId="10.[151,1436,1888,2034]" box="[198,1429,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84E8E858FFEE3F82E" bold="true" box="[198,299,1928,1954]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Locality</emphasis>
. The west side of Carrie Bow Cay (
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFFAFFA84C82858FFCACF82E" box="[714,868,1928,1954]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" precision="15" seconds="09" value="16.8025">16°48’09” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2B995597FFFAFFA84D27858FFBC7F82E" box="[879,1039,1928,1954]" degrees="88" direction="west" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-88.08194">88°04’55” W</geoCoordinate>
), from the leaves of
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFFAFFA84AB4858FFA5DF82D" box="[1276,1429,1928,1954]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84AB4858FFAA6F82D" box="[1276,1390,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Thalassia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B760DBFFFAFFA94E8E85B7FD72FE2E" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E123350FFFAFFA94E8E85B7FD72FE2E" blockId="10.[151,1436,1888,2034]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,152,418]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFAFFA84E8E85B7FE9FF846" bold="true" box="[198,343,1968,1994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Description</emphasis>
. Mature, unsqueezed specimens ~
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long and ~
<quantity id="89559EB5FFFAFFA84D9285B7FBF1F846" box="[986,1081,1968,1994]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 µm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFFAFFA84AC585B7FB26F846" box="[1165,1262,1968,1994]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1489,1513]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,474,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-209@11.[321,1266,474,1465]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Antrosagittifera corallina; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Bursal nozzle. C. Sagittocysts at posterior end of animal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086544/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Greenish-brown color conferred by numerous zooxanthellae. Paired strands of oocytes extend posteriorly to seminal bursa with distinctively shaped bursal nozzle (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFFBFFA94B24829FFF75FF56" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1489,1513]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,474,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-209@11.[321,1266,474,1465]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Antrosagittifera corallina; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Bursal nozzle. C. Sagittocysts at posterior end of animal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086544/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). Male gonopore subterminal at posterior end. Long male antrum opens to walled seminal vesicle. Longest and most easily visible sagittocysts at posterior end of body, behind seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="D6962FD5FFFBFFA94B468317FAA3FEA6" box="[1294,1387,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1489,1513]" captionTargetBox="[321,1266,474,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-209@11.[321,1266,474,1465]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 9. Antrosagittifera corallina; photomicrographs of living specimen. A. Dorsal view of lightly squeezed specimen. B. Bursal nozzle. C. Sagittocysts at posterior end of animal." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5086544" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5086544/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFBFFA94E8E8330FEF0FEDD" bold="true" box="[198,312,311,337]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Remarks</emphasis>
. This is the first finding of
<taxonomicName id="89AD48D3FFFBFFA94C37833FFCC3FEDD" authorityName="Hooge and Tyler" authorityYear="2001" box="[639,779,312,337]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Sagittiferidae" genus="Antrosagittifera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="11" pageNumber="32" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="corallina">
<emphasis id="7CD9EF42FFFBFFA94C37833FFCC3FEDD" box="[639,779,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">A. corallina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
outside of its
<typeStatus id="91168DF2FFFBFFA94DFC833FFC2EFEDE" box="[948,998,312,338]" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFFBFFA94A24833FFB1FFEDE" box="[1132,1239,312,338]" name="Bermuda" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2A3C4EA1FFFBFFA94AA0833FFF1EFEF6" author="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S." pageId="11" pageNumber="32" pagination="414 - 426" refId="ref4610" refString="Hooge, M. D. &amp; Tyler, S. (2001) Interstitial acoels (Platyhelminthes, Acoela) from Bermuda. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 114, 414 - 426." type="journal article" year="2001">Hooge &amp; Tyler 2001</bibRefCitation>
). While specimens collected in
<collectingCountry id="36BA73C0FFFBFFA94C048367FD7FFEF6" box="[588,695,352,378]" name="Bermuda" pageId="11" pageNumber="32">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
were found in coarse coral sand, the
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specimens seemed to be exclusively associated with
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sp.
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Suzuki, 1963: 40
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–41; Shear 2010: 17–18 (reinstated
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); Schönhofer 2013: 24.
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<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411DDBA104FEF45C3D" box="[151,288,856,878]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Dendrolasma</emphasis>
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–122 (synonymised
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); Shear &amp; Gruber 1983: 51; Schwendinger &amp; Gruber 1992: 57.
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species:
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, by monotypy and original designation.
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<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411DDBA18BFEC55CA3" bold="true" box="[151,273,983,1008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Carapace with only one forward-projecting lateral conical process on either side of ocularium; metapeltidium free from abdominal scutum. Penis with short and compact shaft. Glans with large and small spines. Stylus short and pointed, without torsion, but apical part of stylus slightly bent.
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<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411D8BA61FFEB45B0F" bold="true" box="[199,352,1091,1116]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="36BA7668FFA775411C2BA618FE795B0F" box="[359,429,1092,1116]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="36BA7668FFA775411CF4A618FDCA5B0F" box="[440,542,1092,1116]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="36BA7668FFA775411F65A619FDB95B0F" box="[553,621,1093,1116]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
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94
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<heading id="155A8194FFA775411DDBA6F3FE285B9A" bold="true" box="[151,508,1199,1225]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411DDBA6F3FE285B9A" bold="true" box="[151,508,1199,1225]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411C21A6F3FE285B9A" ID-CoL="7NZPK" box="[365,508,1199,1225]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411C21A6F3FE285B9A" bold="true" box="[365,508,1199,1225]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Cladolasma</emphasis>
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1 Ocularium without circumocular keels; abdominal scutum without enlarged, dorsad-directed tubercles....................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA7754119F4A748FA9D5A7A" box="[1208,1353,1300,1321]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA7754119F4A748FA9D5A7A" box="[1208,1353,1300,1321]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">C. damingshan</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5791FFA775411803A74FFA4F5A7B" box="[1359,1435,1299,1320]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="F55C95CDFFA775411DDBA76DFA485A15" box="[151,1436,1329,1350]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">- Ocularium with circumocular keels; abdominal scutum with enlarged, dorsad-directed tubercles....................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="F5592E5DFFA775411DDBA712FA485ACD" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA775411DDBA712FA485A30" blockId="1.[151,1436,1270,1438]" box="[151,1436,1358,1379]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
<keyLead id="F55C95CDFFA775411DDBA712FA485A30" box="[151,1436,1358,1379]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
2 Area I–IV each with a pair of enlarged, dorsad-directed tubercles......................................
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411868A712FA485A30" ID-CoL="7V89D" box="[1316,1436,1358,1379]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulum">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411868A712FA485A30" box="[1316,1436,1358,1379]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">C. parvulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA775411DDBA730FA485ACD" blockId="1.[151,1436,1270,1438]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
<keyLead id="F55C95CDFFA775411DDBA730FA485ACD" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
- Area I without enlarged tubercles, area II with two, area III with four, area IV with six enlarged, dorsad-directed tubercles................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411809A7D5FA485ACD" ID-CoL="9X63J" box="[1349,1436,1417,1438]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411809A7D5FA485ACD" box="[1349,1436,1417,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">C. angka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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313
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<heading id="155A8194FFA775411DDBA7B2FDFC595B" bold="true" box="[151,552,1518,1544]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411DDBA7B2FE17595B" box="[151,451,1518,1544]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411DDBA7B2FE17595B" bold="true" box="[151,451,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Cladolasma damingshan</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411DD3A44DFEC4597A" box="[159,272,1553,1577]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStart-2="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStart-3="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionStartId-3="6.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetBox-2="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetBox-3="[366,1225,217,1918]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetId-3="figure@6.[350,1236,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." captionText-3="FIGURES 19 – 24. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, penis. 19. Dorsal view. 20. Lateral view. 21. Ventral view. 22. Penis tip, dorsal view. 23. Ditto, lateral view. 24. Ditto, ventral view. DS, dorsal spines; LS, lateral spines; SS, small spines; VS, ventral spines. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs 19 – 21); 0.05 mm (Figs 22 – 24)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/216597/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Figs 1–24</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B76573FFA775411DDBA406FEC659EA" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA775411DDBA406FEC659EA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1625,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">
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<typeStatus id="9116885AFFA775411DDBA406FF065921" box="[151,210,1626,1650]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
Male
<typeStatus id="9116885AFFA775411CDBA405FE295922" box="[407,509,1625,1649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectingCountry id="36BA7668FFA775411F40A405FDB35922" box="[524,615,1625,1649]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">CHINA</collectingCountry>
, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Wuming County,
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411842A405FA485922" box="[1294,1436,1625,1649]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan" status="sp. nov.">Damingshan</taxonomicName>
National Nature Reserve (
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,
<geoCoordinate id="2B99503FFFA775411F70A421FD7F59C6" box="[572,683,1661,1685]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" precision="925" value="108.433334">108°26´E</geoCoordinate>
), elevation
<quantity id="89559B1DFFA775411E7AA421FC4559C6" box="[822,913,1661,1685]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2309999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" unit="m" value="1231.0">1231 m</quantity>
,
<date id="3A131038FFA775411EEEA421FB9259C6" box="[930,1094,1661,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" value="2012-07-18">18. July 2012</date>
, C. Zhang leg. (MHBU-Opi- 12ZC030).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B76573FFA775411D8BA499FED8588A" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411D8BA499FE95598D" bold="true" box="[199,321,1733,1758]" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Base of penis dorsoventrally compressed, truncus penis bent to ventral after proximal third (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411823A499FF635852" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[366,1225,217,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[350,1236,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, penis. 19. Dorsal view. 20. Lateral view. 21. Ventral view. 22. Penis tip, dorsal view. 23. Ditto, lateral view. 24. Ditto, ventral view. DS, dorsal spines; LS, lateral spines; SS, small spines; VS, ventral spines. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs 19 – 21); 0.05 mm (Figs 22 – 24)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216597/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Glans with eight small spines and six large spines: small ones arranged around base of stylus; large ones situated on dorsal, lateral, and ventral side at the central and basal part of the glans (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411900A551FB045876" box="[1100,1232,1805,1829]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[366,1225,217,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[350,1236,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, penis. 19. Dorsal view. 20. Lateral view. 21. Ventral view. 22. Penis tip, dorsal view. 23. Ditto, lateral view. 24. Ditto, ventral view. DS, dorsal spines; LS, lateral spines; SS, small spines; VS, ventral spines. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs 19 – 21); 0.05 mm (Figs 22 – 24)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216597/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Figs 22–24</figureCitation>
). Ocularium (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411826A551FF73581A" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411DF8A56DFF0B581A" box="[180,223,1841,1865]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">5–6</figureCitation>
) without circumocular keels (see Suzuki 1974: 123, fig. 1 for
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411EEEA56EFBFB581A" box="[930,1071,1841,1865]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulum">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411EEEA56EFBFB581A" box="[930,1071,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">C. parvulum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Schwendinger &amp; Gruber 1992: 58, fig. 2 for
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411C63A50AFE40583E" box="[303,404,1877,1901]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411C63A50AFE40583E" box="[303,404,1877,1901]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">C. angka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The eyes at the highest part of the ocularium and the hood projections sloping slightly to ventral (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411DB9A525FEEF58C2" box="[245,315,1913,1937]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
; in comparison to Suzuki 1974: 123, fig. 1; Schwendinger &amp; Gruber 1992: 58, fig. 3). Abdominal scutum (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA775411DB4A5C1FEE858E6" box="[248,316,1949,1973]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) without enlarged, dorsad-directed tubercles (compare Schwendinger &amp; Gruber 1992: 58, fig. 3 for
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA775411DDBA59EFF2F588A" box="[151,251,1985,2009]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="1" pageNumber="444" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angka">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA775411DDBA59EFF2F588A" box="[151,251,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="444">C. angka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B76573FFA475421D8BA2C4FBAA5FFC" box="[199,1150,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA475421D8BA2C4FBAA5FFC" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,716]" box="[199,1150,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA475421D8BA2C4FE9A5FE3" bold="true" box="[199,334,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species epithet is a noun in apposition, referring to the
<typeStatus id="9116885AFFA475421EA0A2C4FBC85FE3" box="[1004,1052,152,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B76573FFA475431D8BA2E7FF0A580C" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="446" pageId="2" pageNumber="445" type="description">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA475421D8BA2E7FAF65EFF" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA475421D8BA2E7FE8D5F87" bold="true" box="[199,345,187,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Description.</emphasis>
Male (
<typeStatus id="9116885AFFA475421CEBA2E0FDD95F87" box="[423,525,188,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) habitus as in
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421FE2A2E0FCA75F87" box="[686,883,188,212]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStart-1="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetBox-1="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." captionText-1="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Figs 1–2 and 4–6</figureCitation>
. Coloration in alcohol generally dark brown with yellow background color: dorsum with yellowish brown background (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421E89A283FBFA5FA4" box="[965,1070,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
). Propeltidium with two brown lateral areas. Eye rings black, hood pale brown to yellow (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421E64A358FCB95E4F" box="[808,877,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Meso- and metapeltidium with a lighter median area in the center. Most of the opisthosomal scutum brown, only area V yellowish brown posteriorly, where thinning into tubercle structures. Venter dark brown, slightly lighter in ventral midline (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA4754219C6A310FB065E37" box="[1162,1234,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Chelicerae dark brown. Pedipalpi pale brown except for dark brown trochanter. Legs yellowish brown except for dark brown trochanters, metatarsi and tarsi; femora of legs I, III and IV banded brown (base and center) and yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA475421D8BA3E4FB6F5D9F" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,716]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">
Dorsum (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421C7EA3EBFE4E5E9C" box="[306,410,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421CE5A3EBFE6D5E9C" box="[425,441,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">5</figureCitation>
). Entire body strongly sclerotized. Metapeltidium clearly separated from carapace and abdominal scutum (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421CC9A380FE035EA7" box="[389,471,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421CA0A380FE285EA7" box="[492,508,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">5</figureCitation>
). Free tergites not visible from above. Surface covered with a network of interconnected anvil-shaped tubercles. Anterior border of carapace with one lateral conical process on each side of ocularium; central portion of carapace with four longitudinal rows of anvil-shaped tubercles connected with each other by transverse bridges; lateral margin of carapace smooth, without anvil-shaped tubercles. Metapeltidium with a transverse row of anvil-shaped tubercles (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421FC6A030FD005DD7" box="[650,724,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421FAEA030FD265DD7" box="[738,754,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">5</figureCitation>
). Abdominal scutum with intricate lattice of interconnected anvil-shaped tubercles, its posterior margin with a fence-like row of 6 enlarged, posteriad-directed digitiform tubercles. Free tergites on caudal surface of body with low keels in transverse rows (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA475421904A0E8FB455D9F" box="[1096,1169,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA4754219D1A0E8FB795D9F" box="[1181,1197,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1AD26670FFA475421DDBA5DAFDFD5889" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="445" targetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA475421DDBA5DAFDFD5889" blockId="2.[151,1437,1926,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA475421DDBA5DAFEE858CF" bold="true" box="[151,316,1926,1949]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">FIGURES 1–4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA475421C0FA5DBFD9558CE" box="[323,577,1927,1949]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="2" pageNumber="445" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA475421C0FA5DBFD9558CE" box="[323,577,1927,1949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">Cladolasma damingshan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA475421F05A5DBFD4E58CF" bold="true" box="[585,666,1927,1948]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5791FFA475421F05A5DBFD4E58CF" box="[585,666,1927,1948]" pageId="2" pageNumber="445" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA2CBFC685E6C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
Hood (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C55A2CBFEBC5FFC" box="[281,360,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C36A2CBFE715FFC" box="[378,421,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 5 – 6" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[229,1356,216,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[220,1367,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 5 – 6. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, drawings. 5. Body, dorsal view. 6. Body, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216595/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">5–6</figureCitation>
) highly arched, with one median, unpaired and 4 lateral, paired digitiform tubercles, decreasing in length toward base of the hood; these digitiform tubercles usually with small basal cross-bars and decreasing in diameter from base to tip. Basal stem of the hood very short in comparison to other species, and hood projecting ventral and not bent in central part. Eyes thus located relatively high, not below the level of the hood if seen from lateral. No circumocular keels or lace-like elevations present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA311FE4C5EA7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
Venter (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C6DA310FEB35E37" box="[289,359,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 4" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1926,1949]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,772,1897]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,772,1903]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 4. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Photographs of holotype male. 1. Entire animal, dorsal view. 2. Body and parts of appendages, dorsal view. 3. Hood, dorsal view. 4. Body and parts of appendages, ventral view. Scale bars: 2 mm (Fig. 1); 0.5 mm (Figs 2, 4); 0.2 mm (Fig. 3)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216594/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Coxae with small wart-bearing setae on ventral surfaces and with dorso-distal rows of anvilshaped tubercles; a row of anvil-shaped tubercles along anterior and posterior margins of coxae II, III and IV; coxae I and II with distal digitiform processes retrolaterally; coxa IV with similar process prolaterally. Genital operculum short and tongue-shaped, surface with tubercles. Sternites with transverse rows of low keels, these reduced at the midline.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA3A3FCBA5DD7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
Chelicerae (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C18A3A3FE155D44" box="[340,449,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 7–9</figureCitation>
). Basal segment without glandular area and dorsomedial tooth, only ventrally and dorsally with a few setae. Second segment with one basal, prodorsal tooth (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431EAEA078FBF15D6F" box="[994,1061,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) and many long dorsal setae, and rows of short setae at base of fixed finger (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431F3EA01BFD025D0C" box="[626,726,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 7, 9</figureCitation>
). Fingers short, with diaphanous teeth and dark subapical teeth: one dark tooth on movable finger, two dark teeth on fixed finger.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA0D3FCCC5DBC" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
Pedipalpi (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C0EA0D3FE1C5DF4" box="[322,456,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 10–12</figureCitation>
). Coxae with one ventral setiferous tubercle. Trochanters with two ventral setiferous tubercles. Femora with few clavate hairs. Patellae medially with many clavate hairs and laterally with few clavate hairs. Tibiae and tarsi densely covered with clavate hairs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA0A1FC475C2C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C41A0A0FE445C47" box="[269,400,764,788]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 13–18</figureCitation>
). All trochanters prodorsally and retrodorsally with one enlarged tubercle. Femora, patellae and tibiae without pseudoarticulations, with distinctive microsculpture as shown in
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA57543191BA143FB7F5C64" box="[1111,1195,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURES 7 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[327,1252,219,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[304,1278,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 7 – 18. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male. 7. Left chelicera, prolateral view. 8. Ditto, retrolateral view. 9. Second and third segment of chelicera, dorsal view. 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral view. 11. Ditto, retrolateral view. 12. Tarsus of pedipalpus, prolateral view. 13. Right leg I, retrolateral view, showing distribution of ornamentation. 14 – 17. Right legs, retrolateral view. 14. Leg I. 15. Leg II. 16. Leg III. 17. Leg IV. 18. Microsculpture of femur leg II. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (Figs 7 – 9, 12, 18); 0.5 mm (Figs 10 – 11); 1 mm (Figs 13 – 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216596/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
, composed of broad, thick, conical, slightly inclined denticles. Metatarsi and tarsi without annulations and microsculpture, only with setae. Tarsal segments I–IV: 4 (2+2), 5 (3+2), 6 (2+2+2), 6 (2+2+2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA1D0FF1F5B97" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
Penis (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431C5EA1D0FE455CF7" box="[274,401,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[366,1225,217,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[350,1236,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, penis. 19. Dorsal view. 20. Lateral view. 21. Ventral view. 22. Penis tip, dorsal view. 23. Ditto, lateral view. 24. Ditto, ventral view. DS, dorsal spines; LS, lateral spines; SS, small spines; VS, ventral spines. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs 19 – 21); 0.05 mm (Figs 22 – 24)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216597/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 19–24</figureCitation>
) slender; no clear distinction between shaft, glans and stylus. Shaft with nearly parallel sides for most of its length (seen from dorsal and ventral), then tapering distally; in proximal portion dorsoventrally compressed and ventrally flattened (best seen from lateral), in median portion elliptical and wider than long in cross-section, in distal portion elliptical and longer than wide in cross-section, close to glans almost circular. Base of truncus drawn out in two large lobe-like roots, containing the muscles. Glans strongly bulged ventrally and slightly bulged dorsally (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA575431CE2A663FDD65B04" box="[430,514,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[366,1225,217,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[350,1236,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, penis. 19. Dorsal view. 20. Lateral view. 21. Ventral view. 22. Penis tip, dorsal view. 23. Ditto, lateral view. 24. Ditto, ventral view. DS, dorsal spines; LS, lateral spines; SS, small spines; VS, ventral spines. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs 19 – 21); 0.05 mm (Figs 22 – 24)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216597/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
); distal part of glans with eight small spines at the base of the stylus and basal part with six large spines, the latter arranged as follows: two dorsal, two lateral, and two ventral (
<figureCitation id="D6962A7DFFA5754319F1A638FA975B2F" box="[1213,1347,1124,1148]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 24" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1953,1976]" captionTargetBox="[366,1225,217,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[350,1236,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 24. Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. Holotype male, penis. 19. Dorsal view. 20. Lateral view. 21. Ventral view. 22. Penis tip, dorsal view. 23. Ditto, lateral view. 24. Ditto, ventral view. DS, dorsal spines; LS, lateral spines; SS, small spines; VS, ventral spines. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (Figs 19 – 21); 0.05 mm (Figs 22 – 24)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216597/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Figs 22–24</figureCitation>
). Stylus simple, straight, slightly inclined towards dorsal side, without torsion; tip of stylus slightly bent towards ventral side.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA68CFE495BBB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" box="[199,413,1232,1256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA6A8FD985A2B" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA575431D8BA6A8FEA25A5F" bold="true" box="[199,374,1268,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Measurements</emphasis>
. Male
<typeStatus id="9116885AFFA575431C8FA6A8FDFE5A5F" box="[451,554,1268,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
: Total length (including hood and posterior tubercles) 3.15. Prosoma 0.75 long, 1.35 wide. Opisthosoma 1.23 long, 1.31 wide. Median hood process 1.00 long, 0.82 wide. Basal segment of chelicerae 0.55 long, 0.22 wide; second segment of chelicerae 0.60 long, 0.18 wide. Measurements of left pedipalpus and right legs as in
<tableCitation id="032F0343FFA575431CBDA73CFD915A2B" box="[497,581,1376,1400]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,1447,1471]" captionTargetBox="[159,1347,1530,1759]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Pedipalpus and legs measurements of the Cladolasma damingshan sp. nov. holotype; length / width given for femora." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1AD26670FFA575431DDBA7FBFF3E5A8C" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" tableUuid="1AD26670FFA575431DDBA7FBFF3E5A8C">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1AD26670FFA575431DDBA7FBFF3E5A8C" ID-Table-UUID="1AD26670FFA575431DDBA7FBFF3E5A8C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1AD26670FFA575431DDBA7FBFF3E5A8C" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" targetBox="[159,1347,1530,1759]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431DDBA7FBFF3E5A8C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1447,1503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA575431DDBA7FBFEDC5AEC" bold="true" box="[151,264,1447,1471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Pedipalpus and legs measurements of the
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA575431F82A7F4FBE85AEC" bold="true" box="[718,1084,1447,1472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA575431F82A7F4FC0B5A93" box="[718,991,1448,1472]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA575431F82A7F4FC0B5A93" bold="true" box="[718,991,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Cladolasma damingshan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="67EA5791FFA575431EAAA7FBFBE85AEC" box="[998,1084,1447,1471]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
holotype; length/width given for femora.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431C08A7A6FAE8598C" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<table id="3CADC458FFA58ABF1DD3A7A6FA97598C" box="[159,1347,1530,1759]" gridcols="8" gridrows="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<tr id="F09D34BAFFA58ABF1DD3A7A6FA975943" box="[159,1347,1530,1552]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1C08A7A6FE665943" box="[324,434,1530,1552]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Trochanter</th>
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1CA5A7A6FD9E5943" box="[489,586,1530,1552]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Femur</th>
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1FC5A7A6FD1B5943" box="[649,719,1530,1552]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Patella</th>
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E65A7A6FC8A5943" box="[809,862,1530,1552]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Tibia</th>
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E86A7A6FBED5943" box="[970,1081,1530,1552]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Metatarsus</th>
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF193CA7A6FB665943" box="[1136,1202,1530,1552]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Tarsus</th>
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF185CA7A6FA975943" box="[1296,1347,1530,1552]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Total</th>
</tr>
<tr id="F09D34BAFFA58ABF1DD3A47FFA97596A" box="[159,1347,1571,1593]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1DD3A47FFEDA596A" box="[159,270,1571,1593]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Pedipalpus</th>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1C08A47FFE66596A" box="[324,434,1571,1593]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.37</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1CA5A47FFD9E596A" box="[489,586,1571,1593]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.70/0.10</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1FC5A47FFD1B596A" box="[649,719,1571,1593]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.38</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E65A47FFC8A596A" box="[809,862,1571,1593]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.48</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF193CA47FFB66596A" box="[1136,1202,1571,1593]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.32</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF185CA47FFA97596A" box="[1296,1347,1571,1593]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">2.25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F09D34BAFFA58ABF1DD3A411FA975930" box="[159,1347,1613,1635]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1DD3A411FEDA5930" box="[159,270,1613,1635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Leg I</th>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1C08A411FE665930" box="[324,434,1613,1635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.34</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1CA5A411FD9E5930" box="[489,586,1613,1635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.27/0.23</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1FC5A411FD1B5930" box="[649,719,1613,1635]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.55</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E65A411FC8A5930" box="[809,862,1613,1635]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.96</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E86A411FBED5930" box="[970,1081,1613,1635]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.33</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF193CA411FB665930" box="[1136,1202,1613,1635]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.60</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF185CA411FA975930" box="[1296,1347,1613,1635]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">4.05</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F09D34BAFFA58ABF1DD3A42AFA9759DF" box="[159,1347,1654,1676]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1DD3A42AFEDA59DF" box="[159,270,1654,1676]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Leg II</th>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1C08A42AFE6659DF" box="[324,434,1654,1676]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.40</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1CA5A42AFD9E59DF" box="[489,586,1654,1676]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">3.00/0.18</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1FC5A42AFD1B59DF" box="[649,719,1654,1676]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.00</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E65A42AFC8A59DF" box="[809,862,1654,1676]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">2.50</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E86A42AFBED59DF" box="[970,1081,1654,1676]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.30</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF193CA42AFB6659DF" box="[1136,1202,1654,1676]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.48</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF185CA42AFA9759DF" box="[1296,1347,1654,1676]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">9.68</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F09D34BAFFA58ABF1DD3A4FCFA9759E5" box="[159,1347,1696,1718]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1DD3A4FCFEDA59E5" box="[159,270,1696,1718]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Leg III</th>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1C08A4FCFE6659E5" box="[324,434,1696,1718]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.34</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1CA5A4FCFD9E59E5" box="[489,586,1696,1718]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.40/0.23</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1FC5A4FCFD1B59E5" box="[649,719,1696,1718]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.55</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E65A4FCFC8A59E5" box="[809,862,1696,1718]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.03</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E86A4FCFBED59E5" box="[970,1081,1696,1718]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.32</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF193CA4FCFB6659E5" box="[1136,1202,1696,1718]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.65</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF185CA4FCFA9759E5" box="[1296,1347,1696,1718]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">4.29</td>
</tr>
<tr id="F09D34BAFFA58ABF1DD3A495FA97598C" box="[159,1347,1737,1759]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<th id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1DD3A495FEDA598C" box="[159,270,1737,1759]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Leg IV</th>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1C08A495FE66598C" box="[324,434,1737,1759]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.34</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1CA5A495FD9E598C" box="[489,586,1737,1759]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.85/0.23</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1FC5A495FD1B598C" box="[649,719,1737,1759]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.65</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E65A495FC8A598C" box="[809,862,1737,1759]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">1.72</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF1E86A495FBED598C" box="[970,1081,1737,1759]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.40</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF193CA495FB66598C" box="[1136,1202,1737,1759]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">0.70</td>
<td id="B34C5DC6FFA58ABF185CA495FA97598C" box="[1296,1347,1737,1759]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">5.66</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA57FFF0A580C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1827,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA575431D8BA57FFEFE586F" bold="true" box="[199,298,1827,1852]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Habitat.</emphasis>
The single specimen was collected by sieving leaf litter in a sub-tropical evergreen broad-leaved forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06B76573FFA575431D8BA537FDEC58F4" pageId="3" pageNumber="446" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4E1236F8FFA575431D8BA537FDEC58F4" blockId="3.[151,1436,1827,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="7CD9EAEAFFA575431D8BA537FEB458D7" bold="true" box="[199,352,1899,1924]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">Distribution.</emphasis>
This species is so far known only from the
<typeStatus id="9116885AFFA575431E3AA531FC7258D6" box="[886,934,1901,1925]" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">type</typeStatus>
locality, the
<taxonomicName id="89AD4D7BFFA57543190FA530FB0458D7" box="[1091,1232,1900,1924]" class="Arachnida" family="Nemastomatidae" genus="Cladolasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="3" pageNumber="451" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="damingshan" status="sp. nov.">Damingshan</taxonomicName>
National Natural Reserve in Guangxi Province,
<collectingCountry id="36BA7668FFA575431CA2A5D3FDE158F4" box="[494,565,1935,1959]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="446">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="DD630EE54362C6C3721913B6998AF5D2" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
<taxonomicName id="5E0C20A6B7CA32AD888D9CD94BAB3248" authority="Koch" authorityName="Koch" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Chaerophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="832" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villarsii">
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Koch
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<subSubSection id="B6D466BA7F0ADC0813A6E8B004CD6118" pageId="null" pageNumber="832" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="DB01FB3894C73493EABE82D11382405D" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
(
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<emphasis id="56BD4C4926BA4F5A9C6483A0F363298E" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Ch. hirsutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ssp.
<taxonomicName id="BF3DC9487D10041FC49B97C578543CF7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Chaerophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="832" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="villarsii">
<emphasis id="C1B43D2CA3CC377BF135BFCCE620710A" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Villarsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[Koch] Arcang.,
<taxonomicName id="0D5E11DC1380403D400E9F581487B257" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Laserpitium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="null" pageNumber="832" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hirsutum">
<emphasis id="894A458BE4F8F692040692DBD853E2AE" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Ch. hirsutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
auct.)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB3E11F0E2474BAACE540AF9FA66292A" pageId="null" pageNumber="832" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="660DE3299AF1FDBC9B204BEB6AF58A91" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Villars Kerbel</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</title>
<subSubSection id="C6D5228E499DEE5E956CF52BAD0B7D0C" pageId="null" pageNumber="832" type="description">
<paragraph id="9BC6FBBCEF18AD649D963BED1FA2BAA6" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
<emphasis id="8A64EC8403961EAF1D05D1205B02EDFC" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
An den untersten
<normalizedToken id="8E6EA2A6847BBDA7B8C002005227F51D" originalValue="Blättern" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Blaettern</normalizedToken>
jederseits das unterste Teilblatt 1. Ordnung viel kleiner als der Rest der nach vorn
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Blattspreite;
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Teilblatt letzter Ordnung tief (bis gegen den Mittelnerv)
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; Scheiden der obersten
<normalizedToken id="8C4F24278837774E0D8838DD7FBBA417" originalValue="Blätter" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
3-10 mm lang.
<emphasis id="1421730CAE56B47EE87258DC81AD4ADA" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Stengel, Blattstiele und Blattnerven auf der Blattunterseite mit abstehenden Borstenhaaren;</emphasis>
Frucht 8-20 mm lang. -
<normalizedToken id="8BE642A8DC9F0F143B2329D091E502D3" originalValue="Blüte" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Bluete</normalizedToken>
: Sommer.
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<paragraph id="9668E5BA77ACA8068F80D7F9FE0A4FE5" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
<emphasis id="E2DD0B32B0EE4D72E82014A7A4902D59" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Zytologische Angaben. 2n</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="00C04FD9DE911A5FE0BEE586D7695900" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">22:</emphasis>
Material aus der Schweiz (
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St. Bernhard, Schynige Platte, Gantrisch) (Rohner 1954), aus den
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(Bocher und Larsen 1955).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51547C13C447C780884DA7C811C67EA6" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
<emphasis id="A8A0B3C24CD8F739875C2684004211EC" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Standort</emphasis>
. Subalpin und alpin, selten montan.
<normalizedToken id="48E6BCF75519924C6794CBDEEEED22AB" originalValue="Nährstoffreiche" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Naehrstoffreiche</normalizedToken>
, meist kalkarme, feuchte bis sickernasse, steinige bis tonige
<normalizedToken id="5AB46F9D155B570C6375F9D2BAFA814F" originalValue="Böden" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Boeden</normalizedToken>
. Bergwiesen (nicht Fettwiesen), Bach- und
<normalizedToken id="788DF32F1FC9AC10B18B3C61C6C53AB7" originalValue="Quellränder" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Quellraender</normalizedToken>
, Hochstaudenfluren,
<normalizedToken id="423A4CD6E0E958C15540181BE440F02B" originalValue="Erlengebüsch" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Erlengebuesch</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="5DC6BC8FD1A57399BA4D269D50338C9C" originalValue="Fichtenwälder" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Fichtenwaelder</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61CF4CBEB7B11D5A6709787CECA0EF83" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
<emphasis id="301D41C76E3994999125E26B99ED1DF0" italics="true" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">
Verbreitung. Mittel- und
<normalizedToken id="7A98699C3616695F87A6119127A24A91" originalValue="südeuropäische" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">suedeuropaeische</normalizedToken>
Gebirgspflanze:
</emphasis>
<normalizedToken id="8818A5537A051CCCB4110162D6E28DDC" originalValue="Pyrenäen" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">Pyrenaeen</normalizedToken>
(?), Auvergne, Alpen, Jura, Kroatien. - Im Gebiet in den Alpen und Molassevorbergen verbreitet,
<normalizedToken id="D1B66934489544E86C36B363D1F5778F" originalValue="häufig" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">haeufig</normalizedToken>
; im Jura von Westen her bis in den Solothurner Jura, ziemlich
<normalizedToken id="BC7F59D882CC6123ECFBD7B94D73BB2E" originalValue="häufig" pageId="null" pageNumber="832">haeufig</normalizedToken>
.
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116
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<paragraph id="4AC94090025C0C5EB7F62BA8F7CC149A" pageNumber="515">
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<emphasis id="D6C0D4948AAEB508B14AE39BAE24A3B4" italics="true" pageNumber="515">Myotis ridleyi</emphasis>
Thomas 1898
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<treatmentCitation id="532E6DF9B46E9DF63299A85A8E6DC21C" author="Thomas" authority="Thomas 1898" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" journal="Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" page="361" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi" title="Myotis ridleyi" volume="1" year="1898">
<taxonomicName id="44058A08E6614B394274A2B6263C7F09" ID-CoL="8LZJB" authority="Thomas 1898" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Myotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageNumber="515" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ridleyi">
<emphasis id="09C1E7EB04020811131345C85EB0B661" italics="true" pageNumber="515">Myotis ridleyi</emphasis>
Thomas 1898
</taxonomicName>
,
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</treatmentCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="1667CF5D10702E18F2442F81BA71D1C0" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="5A36D91C3CFDB08D723A45E81D003F79" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="515">Type Locality:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="2034653511313895005F5E7900D57AC6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4867287612" country="Malaysia" pageNumber="515" stateProvince="Selangor">
<collectingCountry id="FB159ED1D940970BEFFB4E725FAF1607" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="EE28D99A88071EA06278F0ED48F6FDE1" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor</collectingRegion>
(= Kepong).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="952D33FF9E51AEC5162D845BF9367F17" pageNumber="515" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="3AE01D2B1B468D36AD1AEBF51C5E0392" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="028C04E2BD1DAFD68B20530394FF8448" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="515">Vernacular Names:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="41882519E9AC9F5459C33420EFA3FE8D" language="eng" pageNumber="515">Ridley's Myotis</vernacularName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="65D131863B619C12B88110E6AB2E438C" pageNumber="515" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="78857FD0CFB323D0E7DAACD77A024D79" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="6CB928F563CB8A225E6952A50F8574E9" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="515">Distribution:</emphasis>
W
<collectingCountry id="4108BB3D6922CB9ECB8998BBE4C833D2" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, Sumatra, Borneo.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1240C0DD54D80CE95C124A54C13BD40" pageNumber="515" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="FB7EB5C9B75E1AA6A0EF086E1795B03E" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="8CA47365CE4BE887AAF4F4F341416A0D" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="515">Conservation:</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="11A0655C089D4AC594F68D99EB991BB7">IUCN</collectionCode>
2003 and
<collectionCode id="4A64B8337AD68C9377E4827E8585046A">IUCN</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="69328356AF25C679A8DBDAC1C41A9586" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9wqd-8bvt" name="Sacramento State University" type="">SSC</collectionCode>
Action Plan (2001) – Lower Risk (nt).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3CCF42F36E794D784F7E49A9494E886B" pageNumber="515" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F774E621ED720C32DCC05C6C0F89A8C2" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="EE9917F38E435D75F1319B51002B0252" inLineHeading="true" pageNumber="515">Discussion:</emphasis>
Transferred from
<taxonomicName id="1C3C661CFE7304C12001CB29425A3C53" authorityName="Kaup" authorityYear="1829" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Pipistrellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="35BAC90E947D93FA9483768C7E5472BF" italics="true" pageNumber="515">Pipistrellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="DEC773F49117EEF91FC5C42D1D7BF768" author="Medway, L." refId="ref235493" refString="Medway, L. 1978. The wild mammals of Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia) and Singapore. Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur, 128 pp." year="1978">
<collectingRegion id="38F2B6148BC49B3FDD75A3C1139CA8FA" country="United Kingdom" name="Medway">Medway</collectingRegion>
(1978)
</bibRefCitation>
; also see Hill and Topál (1973).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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