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<document id="690259E8BCAD123233B712E680DA96F6" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.674.3.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14520902" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1734556439204" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Margońska, Hanna B." docDate="2024" docId="03E21F3DFFC0AC36FF1CFABFFC5CFC5E" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.674.3.297-300.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 674 (3)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.674.3.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Pseudoliparis twardowskiana Margonska 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="FFDB6745FFC0AC34FF94FFC0FFC4FFD6" masterDocTitle="A new species of Pseudoliparis (Malaxidinae, Orchidaceae) from New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="297" pageNumber="297" updateTime="1740753770070" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="84C5FA238EFFC9C3D269657D6D5C32DB">A new species of Pseudoliparis (Malaxidinae, Orchidaceae) from New Guinea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B0984C410559EAD12728AC7F7BB81BE8">Margońska, Hanna B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="33186A18EFD36297E656157FCF728487">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FE2E9DBD0BED4CDA30D2DD7668BF79A4">2024</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC0AC34FF1CFABFFCD1FA41" blockId="0.[136,1452,1407,1503]" box="[136,789,1407,1431]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC0AC34FF1CFABFFD8FFA41" authority="Margonska" authorityName="Margonska" authorityYear="2024" box="[136,587,1407,1431]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pseudoliparis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="twardowskiana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC0AC34FF1CFABFFE0EFA41" bold="true" box="[136,458,1407,1431]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Pseudoliparis twardowskiana</emphasis>
Margońska
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC0AC34FDC2FA40FD63FA41" box="[598,679,1408,1431]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20CCF42FFC0AC34FDC2FA40FD63FA41" box="[598,679,1408,1431]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Figs 1,2)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC0AC34FF1CFA65FE0BFA09" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC0AC34FF1CFA65FE0BFA09" blockId="0.[136,1452,1407,1503]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
Type:—
<materialsCitation id="3B23A476FFC0AC34FF47FA65FE0EFA09" collectingDate="1959-10-12" collectionCode="L" collectorName="Brass L. J." country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1400" location="Arau" municipality="Arau" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" specimenCode="53991" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Highlands" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F35CEEBBFFC0AC34FF47FA65FE00FA6C" box="[211,452,1445,1467]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">PAPUA NEW GUINEA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="498F60C9FFC0AC34FE5AFA66FD46FA6D" box="[462,642,1445,1467]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Eastern Highlands" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Eastern Highlands</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6B903451FFC0AC34FD1FFA65FD79FA6C" box="[651,701,1445,1466]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Arau</collectingMunicipality>
,
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<elevation id="00664918FFC0AC34FD5CFA65FCD7FA6D" box="[712,787,1445,1467]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
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, collected by the 6th Archbold Expedition,
<date id="FFF588EBFFC0AC34FB2DFA65FAFDFA6D" box="[1209,1337,1445,1467]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" value="1959-10-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB17103FFC0AC34FB2DFA65FAFDFA6D" box="[1209,1337,1445,1467]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" value="1959-10-12">12 Oct. 1959</collectingDate>
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,
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC0AC34FAD7FA66FF3DFA08" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<collectorName id="26BECBFDFFC0AC34FAD7FA66FA68FA6D" box="[1347,1452,1446,1467]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Brass L. J.</collectorName>
32020
</emphasis>
(
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:
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<specimenCode id="DBED0650FFC0AC34FEE8FA09FE04FA09" box="[380,448,1481,1503]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">53991</specimenCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC0AC34FF1CF9CFFD26F961" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC0AC34FF1CF9CFFD26F961" blockId="0.[136,1452,1551,2079]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
The new species is easily distinguished by its characteristic apical gynostemium ornamentation, two symmetrical appendages (below anther base), which are erect, suborbicular and gently flattened. Its habit and floral elements seems to be similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC0AC34FF1CF997FCFBF9B9" authority="(Smith 1900: 2) Margonska (2003 b: 63" authorityName="Margonska" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityPageNumber="2" baseAuthorityYear="1900" box="[136,831,1623,1647]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pseudoliparis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moluccana">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC0AC34FF1CF997FE53F9B9" box="[136,407,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">Pseudoliparis moluccana</emphasis>
(Smith 1900: 2)
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAD3DAFFC0AC34FDDDF997FCFBF9B9" author="Margonska, H. B." box="[585,831,1623,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" pagination="357 - 372" refId="ref1531" refString="Margonska, H. B. (2003 b) Materials towards the revision of the genus Pseudoliparis Finet (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae), part 2, section Oistochilus. Annales Botanici Fennici 40: 357 - 372." type="journal article" year="2003">Margońska (2003b: 63</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.; sect.
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC0AC34FC17F997FBC7F9B9" box="[899,1027,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC0AC34FC17F997FC3BF9B9" box="[899,1023,1623,1647]" pageId="0" pageNumber="300" rank="section" section="Oistochilus">Oistochilus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
without of any column appendages) but can be easily distinguished by its floral morphology,
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC0AC34FD50F9BCFD20F945" box="[708,740,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">e.g</emphasis>
., narrower petals, flat lip lamina, abbreviated lip auricles and two well-developed, suborbicular gynostemium appendages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC0AC36FF29F903FF15FE65" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="0" pageNumber="297" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC0AC36FF29F903FF15FE65" blockId="0.[136,1452,1551,2079]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,159,904]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="0" pageNumber="297">
Terrestrial herbs,
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tall (including inflorescences). Rhizome cm long,
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in diameter, creeping, covered by scales or their remains. Pseudobulbs 2.003.00 ×
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, with 23 basal scales. Leaves 36, the younger larger and more oblong than the others, (1.0)1.54.0 × (0.7)
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, oblong ovate to lanceolate, falcate, distinctly apically attenuate, usually trinerved, margins crinkled; petiole 0.501.20 ×
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(when spread); leaf sheaths 0.41.0 cm long,
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in diameter. Inflorescence
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long, ca. 1020-flowered. Sterile bract 1, recurved. Floral bracts up to
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long, recurved. Flowers ca.
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in diameter, green. Sepals trinerved. Dorsal sepal 5.05.6 × 2.0
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, oblong ovate to oblong, obtuse to subapiculate, basally nearly cordate. Lateral sepals 4.825.40 ×
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, oblique, ovate, obtuse to subapiculate, basally cordate. Petals 4.14.3 ×
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, oblong elliptic, apically and basally slightly attenuate, gently falcate, 1-nerved. Lip 4.14.4 ×
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at widest basal part, obscurely sagittate in outline, generally flat, only around central part of base softly concave; midlobe semiovate, apiculate apically; lateral lobes with auricles reduced, not reaching over the lip base, distally round; central lip with 2, main external nerves (over its base with external, shorter branches); main central nerves thick, all main nerves connate to the basal callus. Gynostemium
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long, elongate, erect, minutely papillate, greenish blue, staminodes and apical part of the column with anther distinctly darker coloured; front of apical portion of the column with 2 symmetrical appendages (below anther base), up to
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long, up to
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erect (suborbicular and gently laterally flattened); staminodia up to
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high,
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in diam., subequal to the anther, parallel each other, erect, slightly recurved (more at anthesis), obtriangular, upper edge cut straightly, basally disappearing just above beginning of the upper appendage line; anther narrowly ovate; rostellum subequal to the anther.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF34FEA3FFC1AC35FF1CF82CFB43F7D5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14520904" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14520904" box="[136,1159,2028,2051]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14520904/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" startId="1.[136,229,2028,2050]" targetBox="[168,1419,188,2002]" targetPageId="1" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC1AC35FF1CF82CFB43F7D5" blockId="1.[136,1159,2028,2051]" box="[136,1159,2028,2051]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC1AC35FF1CF82CFF33F7D7" bold="true" box="[136,247,2028,2050]" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. Habit of
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC1AC35FECDF82DFDB2F7D4" authorityName="Margonska" authorityYear="2024" box="[345,630,2029,2050]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pseudoliparis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="twardowskiana">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC1AC35FECDF82DFDB2F7D4" box="[345,630,2029,2050]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="298">Pseudoliparis twardowskiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. (Photo of the holotype, L53991, by H.B. Margońska.)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC2AC36FF29FE7FFEADFE2D" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC2AC36FF29FE7FFEADFE2D" blockId="2.[136,1452,159,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FF29FE7FFE98FE01" bold="true" box="[189,348,447,471]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Etymology:—</emphasis>
Names in honour of Jan Jakub Twardowski (19152006), a Polish poet, for his cheerfulness and admiration of nature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC2AC36FF29FDC7FC72FDC9" box="[189,950,519,543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC2AC36FF29FDC7FC72FDC9" blockId="2.[136,1452,159,904]" box="[189,950,519,543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FF29FDC7FEFFFDC9" bold="true" box="[189,315,519,543]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Ecology:—</emphasis>
In
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC2AC36FECCFDC7FE1EFDC8" box="[344,474,519,542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FECCFDC7FE1EFDC8" box="[344,474,519,542]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Castanopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-oak mountain forests, ca.
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elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC2AC36FF29FDEBFB1CFD95" box="[189,1240,555,579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC2AC36FF29FDEBFB1CFD95" blockId="2.[136,1452,159,904]" box="[189,1240,555,579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FF29FDEBFEA8FD95" bold="true" box="[189,364,555,579]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Distribution:—</emphasis>
So far known only from one small population near Arau, Highlands, New
<collectingCountry id="F35CEEBBFFC2AC36FB17FDEBFB10FD95" box="[1155,1236,555,579]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C351FDA0FFC2AC36FF29FD8FFC5CFC5E" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC2AC36FF29FD8FFBADFD21" blockId="2.[136,1452,159,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FF29FD8FFEE4FDB1" bold="true" box="[189,288,591,615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Notes:—</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54F01089FFC2AC36FEC0FD90FE46FDBE" box="[340,386,592,616]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">type</typeStatus>
specimen comprises two plants with few-flowered inflorescences (flowers in different stages of anthesis, all flowers were studied). Due to the presence of gynostemium appendages, without any doubt this species belongs to the
<typeStatus id="54F01089FFC2AC36FF59FD58FF3FFD66" box="[205,251,664,688]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">type</typeStatus>
section. Based on habit and lip shape, this species has similarities to
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC2AC36FC7EFD58FEC5FD05" authority="(Smith 1900: 2) Margonska (2003 b: 63" authorityName="Margonska" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityPageNumber="2" baseAuthorityYear="1900" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pseudoliparis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="moluccana">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FC7EFD58FBBEFD79" box="[1002,1146,663,687]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">P. moluccana</emphasis>
(Smith 1900: 2)
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAD3DAFFC2AC36FAA0FD57FEC5FD05" author="Margonska, H. B." pageId="2" pageNumber="299" pagination="357 - 372" refId="ref1531" refString="Margonska, H. B. (2003 b) Materials towards the revision of the genus Pseudoliparis Finet (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae), part 2, section Oistochilus. Annales Botanici Fennici 40: 357 - 372." type="journal article" year="2003">Margońska (2003b: 63</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.; sect.
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC2AC36FED3FD7BFE04FD05" box="[327,448,699,723]" pageId="2" pageNumber="300" rank="section" section="Oistochilus">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FED3FD7BFE04FD05" box="[327,448,699,723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">Oistochilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) but can be easily distinguished by its floral morphology,
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FBBEFD7CFB93FD05" box="[1066,1111,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">e.g.,</emphasis>
narrower petals, flat lip lamina, abbreviated pair of well-developed lip auricles and 2 suborbicular gynostemium appendages.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF4AE2BFFC2AC36FF29FCC3FC5CFC5E" blockId="2.[136,1452,159,904]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">
The newly proposed species is so far known only from one small population. However, analysing the history of many
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC2AC36FF1CFCE7FEC9FCE9" box="[136,269,807,831]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Malaxidinae">Malaxidinae</taxonomicName>
species, I have found that after publication of their descriptions, although initially also based on poor specimens, these species were found at more localities. For example,
<taxonomicName id="4C4BD5A8FFC2AC36FD73FC8CFB1CFCB5" authority="Margonska (2005: 289 - 291)" authorityName="Margonska" authorityPageNumber="289 - 291" authorityYear="2005" box="[743,1240,843,867]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Pseudoliparis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kortylewskiana">
<emphasis id="B93F7239FFC2AC36FD73FC8CFC65FCB5" box="[743,929,843,867]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="299">P. kortylewskiana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDAD3DAFFC2AC36FC33FC8BFB1CFCB5" author="Margonska, H. B." box="[935,1240,843,867]" pageId="2" pageNumber="299" pagination="267 - 291" refId="ref1571" refString="Margonska, H. B. (2005) Materials towards the revision of the genus Pseudoliparis Finet (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae), part 3. Section Pseudoliparis. Annales Botanici Fennici 42: 267 - 291." type="journal article" year="2005">Margońska (2005: 289291)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, originally based on only one collection, was recognized in two other locations in a few years.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,371 @@
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<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF90C63CFD46FF04FCE0FE99" blockId="6.[666,1103,236,294]" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF90C63CFD46FF04FD0CFEBC" box="[666,722,236,259]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">Data</taxonomicName>
, genetic distances and phylogenetic reconstructions
</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF90C63CFD46FEACFC4BFDF1" blockId="6.[666,1173,324,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">
A total of 803 base pairs (bp) from two mitochondrial gene fragments were obtained, with 39.9% variable sites in cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF90C63CFC13FE62FC02FE1E" box="[975,988,394,417]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">b</emphasis>
(155 bp, 35.3% parsimony informative) and 24.1% variable sites in 16S rRNA (100 bp, 20.9% parsimony informative). When excluding the outgroups, cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF90C63CFD1FFDFCFD0EFD94" box="[707,720,532,555]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">b</emphasis>
had 11.8% variable sites and 4.3% parsimony informative sites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF90C63CFD69FDB1FB5AFC3A" blockId="6.[666,1173,324,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Focusing into the nuclear DNA dataset, a total of 3698 bp were obtained (Pod15b 515 bp, Pod55 405 bp, MC1R 635 bp, RAG1 856 bp, NKTR 587 bp and UBN1 700 bp). Out of the 515 bp of Pod15b 72 sites (13.9%) were variable and 48 sites (9.3%) were parsimony informative. The percentages of the variable and parsimony sites of the less informative nuclear markers are shown in supplementary table S4.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF90C63CFD69FC79FD39FB25" blockId="6.[666,1173,324,1766]" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">
The pairwise genetic distances (p-distances) within the mtDNA dataset ranged from 0-24.2% for cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF90C63CFD25FC3EFCD8FC52" box="[761,774,982,1005]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">b</emphasis>
and from 0-13% for 16S rRNA. Regarding the nuDNA dataset, the range of pairwise distances was 0-3.31% for Pod55, 0-5.11% for Pod15b, 0-1.87% for MC1R, 0-2.45% for RAG1, 0-4.71% for NKTR and 0-5.74% for UBN1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF90C63DFD69FB4DFD8EFEE4" blockId="6.[666,1173,324,1766]" lastBlockId="7.[115,622,182,1766]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">
Focusing on the genetic distances among the major lineages of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF90C63CFCB3FB20FC3FFB60" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[879,993,1224,1247]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF90C63CFCB3FB20FC3FFB60" box="[879,993,1224,1247]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as revealed by the phylogenetic trees, the pairwise genetic distances ranged from 1.51-6.52% for cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF90C63CFB9DFAE5FB90FA9B" box="[1089,1102,1293,1316]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">b</emphasis>
, 0.52- 1.76% for 16S rRNA, 0.02-0.27% for Pod55, 0-1.2% for Pod15b, 0-0.37% for MC1R, 0.2- 0.46% for RAG1, 0-0.73% for NKTR and 0.35- 2.39% for UBN1. According to the mitochondrial dataset, the highest genetic distance is observed between the lineage of Samothrace and Northeast
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF90C63CFCE2FA17FC3BF9A9" box="[830,997,1535,1558]" country="Greece" name="Sterea Ellada" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Central Greece</collectingRegion>
, and the lowest between the lineage of
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF90C63CFC43F9CAFBFBF986" box="[927,1061,1570,1593]" country="Greece" name="Peloponnisos" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Peloponnese</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF90C63CFBBDF9CAFCC6F9E3" country="Greece" name="Sterea Ellada" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Central Greece</collectingRegion>
, whereas the highest genetic distance based on the nuclear dataset is observed between the lineages of
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF90C63CFC4AF962FBC2F91E" box="[918,1052,1674,1697]" country="Greece" name="Peloponnisos" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Peloponnese</collectingRegion>
and Northeast
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF90C63CFD0DF944FCC2F97C" box="[721,796,1708,1731]" name="Greece" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Greece</collectingCountry>
and the lowest between the lineages of Northwest
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF90C63CFCB7F927FC68F959" box="[875,950,1743,1766]" name="Greece" pageId="6" pageNumber="177">Greece</collectingCountry>
and Central/Western
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF91C63DFFAFFF5EFF1CFF72" box="[115,194,182,205]" name="Greece" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">Greece</collectingCountry>
. The mean genetic distances between the major lineages of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF91C63DFEBEFF32FE11FF4E" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[354,463,218,241]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFEBEFF32FE11FF4E" box="[354,463,218,241]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well as the distances calculated between
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF91C63DFE71FF15FDC7FEAB" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[429,537,253,276]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFE71FF15FDC7FEAB" box="[429,537,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the other
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF91C63DFF6EFEC9FEBBFE87" box="[178,357,289,312]" class="Reptilia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFF6EFEC9FED1FE87" box="[178,271,289,312]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">Podarcis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
included in the analysis are given in supplementary tables S5 and S6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF91C63DFF52FE8FFEDEFE56" blockId="7.[115,622,182,1766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">The nucleotide substitution models and the best-fit partitioning scheme selected for each phylogenetic analysis are shown in supplementary table S5.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF91C63DFF52FE1DFEC3FC09" blockId="7.[115,622,182,1766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">
The phylogenetic reconstruction based on cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFFAFFDF1FF5EFD8F" box="[115,128,537,560]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">b</emphasis>
, which aimed to clarify the phylogenetic position of south Balkan lineages of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF91C63DFE27FDD5FDB3FDEB" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[507,621,573,596]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFE27FDD5FDB3FDEB" box="[507,621,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in regard to the rest of the European lineages, revealed five very well supported southern Balkan lineages. These lineages, which correspond to distinct geographic regions of
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF91C63DFFAFFD06FF1FFCBA" box="[115,193,750,773]" name="Greece" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">Greece</collectingCountry>
, clustered with central European, Italian and Turkish lineages. Additionally, the lineage from Samothrace (
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF91C63DFEE0FCDDFE11FCF3" box="[316,463,821,844]" country="Greece" name="Voreio Aigaio" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">north Aegean</collectingRegion>
Sea) seems to group with Turkeys lineages with high statistical support. The cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFE88FC94FEBFFC2C" box="[340,353,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">b</emphasis>
tree is shown in supplementary
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF91C63DFF0DFC77FEC7FC09" box="[209,281,927,950]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="3.[115,175,1719,1738]" captionTargetBox="[121,1166,199,1682]" captionTargetId="figure-5@3.[117,1170,196,1685]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1. Map showing the sampling localities of the P. muralis specimens used for DNA analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657233" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657233/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">fig. S1</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF91C63DFF52FC2BFDCEF98A" blockId="7.[115,622,182,1766]" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">
Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses produced fairly similar topologies for the mitochondrial (
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF91C63DFEB4FBE1FE72FB9F" box="[360,428,1033,1056]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[666,726,1659,1678]" captionTargetBox="[747,1090,179,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-330@7.[816,1090,179,1624]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the mitochondrial dataset. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657243/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">figs. 3</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF91C63DFE3FFBE1FE21FB9F" box="[483,511,1033,1056]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[115,175,962,981]" captionTargetBox="[121,1167,174,924]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[117,1170,173,928]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Spatial distribution of the P. muralis specimens. A: sampling localities of the P. muralis specimens used for DNA analysis. B: Spatial distribution of the seven lineages derived from the mitochondrial BI phylogenetic analysis. C: Spatial distribution of the three lineages derived from the nuclear BI phylogenetic analysis. D: Spatial distribution of the five lineages derived from the concatenated BI phylogenetic analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">4b</figureCitation>
) and concatenated (
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF91C63DFF38FBC5FEFAFBFB" box="[228,292,1069,1092]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[115,175,1706,1725]" captionTargetBox="[181,1106,182,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[551,1106,182,1665]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the concatenated data set. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657237/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">figs. 2</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF91C63DFE89FBC5FEAFFBFB" box="[341,369,1069,1092]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[115,175,962,981]" captionTargetBox="[121,1167,174,924]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[117,1170,173,928]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Spatial distribution of the P. muralis specimens. A: sampling localities of the P. muralis specimens used for DNA analysis. B: Spatial distribution of the seven lineages derived from the mitochondrial BI phylogenetic analysis. C: Spatial distribution of the three lineages derived from the nuclear BI phylogenetic analysis. D: Spatial distribution of the five lineages derived from the concatenated BI phylogenetic analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657245/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">4d</figureCitation>
) datasets. In all BI analyses, all MCMC diagnostic metrics indicated that all runs reached convergence and stationarity. The average standard deviation of split frequencies was 0.017 for the cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFE1FFB53FE0EFB6D" box="[451,464,1211,1234]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">b</emphasis>
dataset, 0.006 for the mtDNA dataset and 0.01 for the concatenated one (when this value approaches zero, the tree samples are more similar), the plot of generation versus log-likelihood of the data had characteristic “white-noise” morphology after burn-in. In addition, for all parameters, the Potential Scale Reduction Factor (PSRF) values were
<quantity id="4CBED7D3FF91C63DFFAFFA3FFF12FA51" box="[115,204,1495,1518]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" unit="in" value="1.0">1.000 in</quantity>
both datasets and the minimum Effective Sample Sizes (ESS) values were well over 200 for all parameters in both datasets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF91C632FF52F9A9FF66FA53" blockId="7.[115,622,182,1766]" lastBlockId="8.[115,621,1101,1766]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">
In all phylogenetic trees,
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF91C63DFE79F9A9FDCDF9E7" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[421,531,1601,1624]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFE79F9A9FDCDF9E7" box="[421,531,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF91C63DFEEDF98DFE4BF9C3" baseAuthorityName="Rafinesque-Schmaltz" baseAuthorityYear="1810" box="[305,405,1637,1660]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="siculus">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFEEDF98DFE4BF9C3" box="[305,405,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">P. siculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from the Italian group than to the rest of the Balkan species, verifying its prior classification as a member of Italian group. Considering the rest of Balkan species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE88FBA6FE6FFBDA" baseAuthorityName="Wagler" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[340,433,1102,1125]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE88FBA6FE6FFBDA" box="[340,433,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Podarcis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all analyses produced trees with similar topologies and high statistical supports, distinguishing two major groups of species, which are in agreement with previously published studies; the group of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FF4BFAE8FED1FAA8" baseAuthorityName="Bedriaga" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[151,271,1280,1303]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erhardii">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FF4BFAE8FED1FAA8" box="[151,271,1280,1303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. erhardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE86FAE8FE04FAA8" baseAuthorityName="Wettstein" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[346,474,1280,1303]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cretensis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE86FAE8FE04FAA8" box="[346,474,1280,1303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. cretensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE32FAE8FDB9FAA8" authorityName="Lymberakis, Poulakakis, Kaliontzopoulou, Valakos &amp; Mylonas" authorityYear="2008" box="[494,615,1280,1303]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="levendis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE32FAE8FDB9FAA8" box="[494,615,1280,1303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. levendis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FFAFFACBFF3CFA85" baseAuthorityName="Bedriaga" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[115,226,1315,1338]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erhardii">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FFAFFACBFF3CFA85" box="[115,226,1315,1338]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. erhardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FF33FACBFE67FA85" baseAuthorityName="Bibron &amp; Bory" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[239,441,1315,1338]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peloponnesiacus">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FF33FACBFE67FA85" box="[239,441,1315,1338]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. peloponnesiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE1AFACBFD9FFA85" box="[454,577,1315,1338]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE28FACBFD9FFA85" box="[500,577,1315,1338]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thais">P. thais</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and the group of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FF2BFAAFFEB8FAE1" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[247,358,1351,1374]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricus">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FF2BFAAFFEB8FAE1" box="[247,358,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. tauricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE7CFAAFFDDBFAE1" box="[416,517,1351,1374]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ionicus">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE7CFAAFFDDBFAE1" box="[416,517,1351,1374]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. ionicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FDCDFAAFFF51FA3D" baseAuthorityName="Bedriaga" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="milensis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FDCDFAAFFF51FA3D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. milensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FF40FA83FED3FA3D" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1814" box="[156,269,1387,1410]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricus">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FF40FA83FED3FA3D" box="[156,269,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. tauricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE9BFA83FE37FA3D" baseAuthorityName="Braun" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[327,489,1387,1410]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melisellensis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE9BFA83FE37FA3D" box="[327,489,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. melisellensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD707C7FF9EC632FE2BFA83FF32FA1A" author="Poulakakis, N. &amp; Lymberakis, P. &amp; Antoniou, A. &amp; Chalkia, D. &amp; Zouros, E. &amp; Mylonas, M. &amp; Valakos, E." pageId="8" pageNumber="179" pagination="38 - 46" refId="ref11494" refString="Poulakakis, N., Lymberakis, P., Antoniou, A., Chalkia, D., Zouros, E., Mylonas, M., Valakos, E. (2003): Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the wall-lizard Podarcis erhardii (Squamata: Lacertidae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 28: 38 - 46." type="journal article" year="2003">Poulakakis et al., 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
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; Kiourtzoglou et al., 2021).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF392ABEFF91C63DFD46F993FCDBF962" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14657243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657243/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="178" startId="7.[666,726,1659,1678]" targetBox="[747,1090,179,1622]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF91C63DFD46F993FCDBF962" blockId="7.[666,1173,1659,1757]" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF91C63DFD46F993FD32F931" bold="true" box="[666,748,1659,1678]" pageId="7" pageNumber="178">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the mitochondrial dataset. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF392ABEFF9EC632FFAFFC2AFD8CFB9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657245" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14657245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657245/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" startId="8.[115,175,962,981]" targetBox="[121,1167,174,924]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF9EC632FFAFFC2AFD8CFB9A" blockId="8.[115,1173,962,1061]" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FFAFFC2AFF1AFC6A" bold="true" box="[115,196,962,981]" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Spatial distribution of the
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE76FC2AFDDEFC6B" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[426,512,962,980]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE76FC2AFDDEFC6B" box="[426,512,962,980]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens. A: sampling localities of the
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FCBEFC2AFC66FC6B" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[866,952,962,980]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FCBEFC2AFC66FC6B" box="[866,952,962,980]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens used for DNA analysis. B: Spatial distribution of the seven lineages derived from the mitochondrial BI phylogenetic analysis. C: Spatial distribution of the three lineages derived from the nuclear BI phylogenetic analysis. D: Spatial distribution of the five lineages derived from the concatenated BI phylogenetic analysis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF9EC633FF52FA11FEE0FF4F" blockId="8.[115,621,1101,1766]" lastBlockId="9.[115,621,182,833]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">
<collectingCounty id="629802BAFF9EC632FF52FA11FECEF9AF" box="[142,272,1529,1552]" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Considering</collectingCounty>
the focal species (
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9EC632FE31FA11FD80F9AF" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[493,606,1529,1552]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FE31FA11FD80F9AF" box="[493,606,1529,1552]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the mitochondrial tree, based on dataset 2 containing cyt-
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9EC632FEC3F9A8FEF2F9E8" box="[287,300,1600,1623]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">b</emphasis>
and 16s RNA sequences, revealed seven lineages corresponding to seven geographical areas within the
<collectingMunicipality id="6B9DE04CFF9EC632FE15F960FDD4F920" box="[457,522,1672,1695]" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greek</collectingMunicipality>
territory that had high posterior probabilities, but relatively low bootstrap support (
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9EC632FE6FF927FE30F959" box="[435,494,1743,1766]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[666,726,1659,1678]" captionTargetBox="[747,1090,179,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-330@7.[816,1090,179,1624]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the mitochondrial dataset. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657243/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">fig. 3</figureCitation>
);
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FDDAF927FDB3F959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FDDAF927FDB3F959" box="[518,621,1743,1766]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Northeast" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Northeast</location>
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9EC632FD46FBA5FD36FBDB" box="[666,744,1101,1124]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greece</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FD2FFBA5FCADFBDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FD2FFBA5FCADFBDB" box="[755,883,1101,1124]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Samothrace" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Samothrace</location>
,
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FCA3FBA5FC30FBDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FCA3FBA5FC30FBDB" box="[895,1006,1101,1124]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Northwest" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Northwest</location>
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9EC632FC29FBA5FB9DFBDB" box="[1013,1091,1101,1124]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greece</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FB92FBA5FD1DFB35" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FB92FBA5FD1DFB35" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Northeast" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Northeast</location>
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FD11FB9BFCADFB35" box="[717,883,1139,1162]" country="Greece" name="Sterea Ellada" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Central Greece</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FC5DFB9BFBF9FB35" box="[897,1063,1139,1162]" country="Greece" name="Sterea Ellada" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Central Greece</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FBE9FB9BFD12FB0F" country="Greece" name="Peloponnisos" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Peloponnese</collectingRegion>
, and
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FCCDFB71FC81FB0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FCCDFB71FC81FB0F" box="[785,863,1177,1200]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Central" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Central</location>
&amp;
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FC52FB71FBC1FB0F" box="[910,1055,1177,1200]" country="Greece" name="Dytiki Ellada" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">West Greece</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FBF3FB71FB4EFB0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FBF3FB71FB4EFB0F" box="[1071,1168,1177,1200]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="However" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">However</location>
, the phylogenetic relationships among these lineages remain unresolved.
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FC05FB0CFBC6FB44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FC05FB0CFBC6FB44" box="[985,1048,1252,1275]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="When" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">When</location>
examining the phylogeny retrieved from the concatenated dataset (
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9EC632FD2BFAD8FCE0FAF8" box="[759,830,1328,1351]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[115,175,1706,1725]" captionTargetBox="[181,1106,182,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[551,1106,182,1665]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the concatenated data set. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657237/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">figs. 2</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9EC632FCA0FAD8FC47FAF8" box="[892,921,1328,1351]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[115,175,962,981]" captionTargetBox="[121,1167,174,924]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[117,1170,173,928]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Spatial distribution of the P. muralis specimens. A: sampling localities of the P. muralis specimens used for DNA analysis. B: Spatial distribution of the seven lineages derived from the mitochondrial BI phylogenetic analysis. C: Spatial distribution of the three lineages derived from the nuclear BI phylogenetic analysis. D: Spatial distribution of the five lineages derived from the concatenated BI phylogenetic analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657245/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">4d</figureCitation>
), five distinct lineages were observed in
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9EC632FC85FABEFC79FAD2" box="[857,935,1366,1389]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greece</collectingCountry>
, in which the mtDNA lineages of
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FCF8FA93FC74FA2D" box="[804,938,1403,1426]" country="Greece" name="Peloponnisos" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Peloponnese</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FC31FA93FB4AFA2D" box="[1005,1172,1403,1426]" country="Greece" name="Sterea Ellada" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Central Greece</collectingRegion>
were merge, as well as the mtDNA lineages of
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FD46FA2FFD36FA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FD46FA2FFD36FA61" box="[666,744,1479,1502]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Central" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Central</location>
&amp;
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9EC632FCD1FA2FFC4BFA61" box="[781,917,1479,1502]" country="Greece" name="Dytiki Ellada" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">West Greece</collectingRegion>
and
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FC10FA2FFBE5FA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FC10FA2FFBE5FA61" box="[972,1083,1479,1502]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Northwest" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Northwest</location>
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9EC632FB9FFA2FFB4CFA61" box="[1091,1170,1479,1502]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greece</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FD46FA05FD74F9BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FD46FA05FD74F9BB" box="[666,682,1517,1540]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="It" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">It</location>
should be noted however that the
<location id="8E992CEDFF9EC632FBFAFA05FB4BF9BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EFCB20FF90C633FD46FF04FF1CF959:8E992CEDFF9EC632FBFAFA05FB4BF9BB" box="[1062,1173,1517,1540]" country="Greece" county="Considering" municipality="Greek" name="Northwest" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sterea Ellada">Northwest</location>
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9EC632FD46F9FAFD3BF996" box="[666,741,1554,1577]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greece</collectingCountry>
lineage is represented by only
<specimenCount id="9D40B1BFFF9EC632FB83F9FAFCD2F9F0" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="179" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
. When looking at the trees produced solely using the nuDNA markers, three poorly (with the exception of the lineage of Samothrace) resolved lineages were revealed; Samothrace, Northeast
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9EC632FC96F927FC4BF959" box="[842,917,1743,1766]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="179">Greece</collectingCountry>
and a group including the rest of the mtDNA lineages (supplementary
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9FC633FFAFFF31FF66FF4F" box="[115,184,217,240]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[115,175,1706,1725]" captionTargetBox="[181,1106,182,1672]" captionTargetId="figure-5@5.[551,1106,182,1665]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the concatenated data set. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657237/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">fig. S2</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9FC633FF30FF31FEECFF4F" box="[236,306,217,240]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[115,175,962,981]" captionTargetBox="[121,1167,174,924]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[117,1170,173,928]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Spatial distribution of the P. muralis specimens. A: sampling localities of the P. muralis specimens used for DNA analysis. B: Spatial distribution of the seven lineages derived from the mitochondrial BI phylogenetic analysis. C: Spatial distribution of the three lineages derived from the nuclear BI phylogenetic analysis. D: Spatial distribution of the five lineages derived from the concatenated BI phylogenetic analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657245/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">fig. 4c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF9FC633FF52FF14FEA3FCFE" blockId="9.[115,621,182,833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">
According to the Median Joining Network analysis, the mitochondrial markers revealed a clear structure with the exception of an overlap in Northeast Central Greece and Peloponnese noticed in the 16S rRNA marker. In the cyt
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FD83FE6FFDB2FE21" box="[607,620,391,414]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">b</emphasis>
network, a high number of mutational steps is observed, as well as a great number of inferred (unsampled) sequences. Networks derived from nuclear markers do not indicate a clear structure of haplotypes, as the majority of samples group together. The haplotypes that seem to group apart more commonly are the ones found in the samples of Samothrace and
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9FC633FE44FD77FE2EFD09" box="[408,496,671,694]" name="Ukraine" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
, as opposed to the Northeast
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9FC633FEE9FD2AFE5DFD66" box="[309,387,706,729]" name="Greece" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">Greece</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9FC633FE48FD2AFDE4FD66" box="[404,570,706,729]" country="Greece" name="Sterea Ellada" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">Central Greece</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="4982B4D4FF9FC633FFAFFD0CFF27FD44" box="[115,249,740,763]" country="Greece" name="Peloponnisos" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">Peloponnese</collectingRegion>
samples that share many haplotypes. Haplotype networks are shown in detail in supplementary
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9FC633FEEDFCC2FEA7FCFE" box="[305,377,810,833]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="7.[666,726,1659,1678]" captionTargetBox="[747,1090,179,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-330@7.[816,1090,179,1624]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 3. Bayesian Inference tree retrieved from the mitochondrial dataset. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap support (BI/ML) are given on top of branches. n.a: in case of discrepancy." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657243" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657243/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">fig. S3</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF9FC633FFAFFC9BFF3CFC12" blockId="9.[115,551,883,941]" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FFAFFC9BFF3CFC12" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">Species delimitation and divergence time estimation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF97A36FF9FC633FFAFFC27FF1CF959" blockId="9.[115,622,975,1766]" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">
The analysis of STACEY (ln L = 10 743.69) identified all
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9FC633FED1FC1AFEA1FBB6" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[269,383,1010,1033]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FED1FC1AFEA1FBB6" box="[269,383,1010,1033]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lineages as a single species (supplementary
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9FC633FE5DFBFDFE0FFB93" box="[385,465,1045,1068]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[115,175,962,981]" captionTargetBox="[121,1167,174,924]" captionTargetId="figure-9@8.[117,1170,173,928]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Spatial distribution of the P. muralis specimens. A: sampling localities of the P. muralis specimens used for DNA analysis. B: Spatial distribution of the seven lineages derived from the mitochondrial BI phylogenetic analysis. C: Spatial distribution of the three lineages derived from the nuclear BI phylogenetic analysis. D: Spatial distribution of the five lineages derived from the concatenated BI phylogenetic analysis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657245/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">fig. S4</figureCitation>
). This agrees with the results of A11 analysis of BPP. The A00 analysis of BPP was specifically conducted to determine the parameters for species divergence times (
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FEDEFB49FED0FB07" box="[258,270,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">τ</emphasis>
s) and population sizes (
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FDC8FB49FDFEFB07" box="[532,544,1185,1208]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">θ</emphasis>
s). The A00 analysis revealed an Inverse Gamma distribution (IG) which resulted in values of
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FDCAFB0EFDFCFB42" box="[534,546,1254,1277]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">τ</emphasis>
s IG (3, 1.5) and
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FF22FAE1FED4FA9F" box="[254,266,1289,1312]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">θ</emphasis>
s IG (3, 0.02). These derived values served as the prior parameters for the subsequent A11 analysis of BPP. The A11 analysis results indicated that there were no posterior probabilities exceeding 0.95 within the
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9FC633FFAFFA50FF3FFA70" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[115,225,1464,1487]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FFAFFA50FF3FFA70" box="[115,225,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, (Posterior probability = 1, prior = 0.073), suggesting the absence of distinct clustering. Divergence time estimation was performed using the distinct lineages that arose from the species delimitation, even those with low support, as distinct clusters. The intraspecific diversification of
<taxonomicName id="4C4601B5FF9FC633FEB8F961FE11F91F" baseAuthorityName="Huson and Scornavacca" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[356,463,1673,1696]" class="Reptilia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Podarcis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muralis">
<emphasis id="B932A624FF9FC633FEB8F961FE11F91F" box="[356,463,1673,1696]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">P. muralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within
<collectingCountry id="F3513AA6FF9FC633FDFEF961FDB3F91F" box="[546,621,1673,1696]" name="Greece" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">Greece</collectingCountry>
was estimated at 1.93 Mya (early Pleistocene) (
<figureCitation id="137D66B3FF9FC633FFA7F927FF6AF959" box="[123,180,1743,1766]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[115,175,791,810]" captionTargetBox="[227,1060,176,754]" captionTargetId="figure-9@10.[227,1060,176,756]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Divergence times of the main lineages of Podarcis sp. using StarBEAST2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14657249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14657249/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="180">fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>