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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.218.3662" ID-GBIF-Dataset="be3ba212-df72-46fb-beca-4dafa0af7938" ID-PMC="PMC3433871" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-218-1" ID-PubMed="22977344" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-218-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 218" ModsDocTitle="Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland" checkinTime="1451248776473" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rix, Michael G. &amp; Harvey, Mark S." docDate="2012" docId="E73C0640F7179107678F8C2886F8950D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 218: 1-55" docOrigin="ZooKeys 218" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.218.3662" docTitle="Austrarchaea westi Rix &amp; Harvey, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFADD3385D72C973FFABFFCEFFA9FB49" masterDocTitle="Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1668154407282" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Australian Assassins, Part III: A review of the Assassin Spiders (Araneae, Archaeidae) of tropical north-eastern Queensland</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rix, Michael G.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Harvey, Mark S.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>218</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>50</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.218.3662</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.218.3662</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-218-1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036786" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1D560E1E-96FB-4F5B-A826-281429ADD500" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E73C0640F7179107678F8C2886F8950D" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1D560E1E-96FB-4F5B-A826-281429ADD500" authority="Rix &amp; Harvey" class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea westi" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westi">Austrarchaea westi Rix &amp; Harvey</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="12" pageNumber="13">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 122125
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lamb Range Assassin Spider</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Holotype male: Mount Williams, [Dinden National Park],
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-16.916666">16°55'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="145.66667">145°40'E</geoCoordinate>
, pyrethrum, trees and logs, 1000 m, 2.XII.1993, G. Monteith, H. Janetzki (QMB S59537).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Other material examined. AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Dinden National Park: same data as holotype, 1 juvenile (QMB S59537).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
The specific epithet is a patronym in honour of Paul West, for his friendship to MSH over many years, and for helping fund the Western Australian
<normalizedToken originalValue="Museums">Museum's</normalizedToken>
'archaeid
<normalizedToken originalValue="project">project'</normalizedToken>
from 2009-2012.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea westi" order="Araneae" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westi">Austrarchaea westi</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other
<taxonomicName family="Archaeidae" lsidName="" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="family">Archaeidae</taxonomicName>
from north-eastern Queensland by the presence of a unique Type B pedipalp (Fig. 6), with
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">very</pageBreakToken>
small bulb (width &lt;&lt; 0.30 mm) (Figs 6, 12D), and by the relatively short embolus, which is distally enclosed within the conductor (Figs 6, 12D). This species can be further distinguished by the very short, barely differentiated accessory setae on the male chelicerae (Fig. 12B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Holotype male: Total length 3.13; leg I femur 3.23; F1/CL ratio 2.65. Cephalothorax reddish-brown; legs beige with darker annulations; abdomen mottled grey-brown and beige, with darker brown dorsal scute and sclerites (Fig. 12A). Carapace tall (CH/CL ratio 2.15); 1.22 long, 2.62 high, 1.13 wide,
<normalizedToken originalValue="neck">'neck'</normalizedToken>
0.65 wide; bearing two pairs of rudimentary horns; highest point of pars cephalica (HPC) approaching posterior quarter of
<normalizedToken originalValue="head">'head'</normalizedToken>
(ratio of HPC to post-ocular length 0.71), carapace gently sloping posterior to HPC;
<normalizedToken originalValue="head">'head'</normalizedToken>
not strongly elevated dorsally (post-ocular ratio 0.27). Chelicerae with very short, barely differentiated accessory setae on anterior face of paturon (Fig. 12B). Abdomen 1.65 long, 1.10 wide; with two pairs of dorsal hump-like tubercles (HT 1-4); dorsal scute fused anteriorly to epigastric sclerites, extending posteriorly to first pair of hump-like tubercles; HT 3-4 each covered by separate dorsal sclerites. Unexpanded pedipalp (Figs 12C-E) of Type B morphology (Fig. 6), very small in size (width of bulb &lt;&lt; 0.30), with large, retrolaterally directed, arched conductor; embolus curved, distally enclosed within conductor, without spur; tegular sclerite 3 (TS 3) porrect, spur-like, with pointed, pro-distally directed apex; TS 2-2a looped over retrolateral edge of conductor, TS 2 not strongly developed distally, TS 2a projecting beyond distal rim of conductor; TS 1 very small, obscured by TS 2-3, not visible in ventral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Female: Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Archaeidae" genus="Austrarchaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Austrarchaea westi" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="westi">Austrarchaea westi</taxonomicName>
is known only from Mount Williams, on the Lamb Range 11 km west of Cairns (Figs 21, 25). The two known specimens were collected in high altitude tropical rainforest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Unknown (data deficient).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1858994c-378e-4e6e-bec9-ee565e3b3be1" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-88-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-88-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 88" ModsDocTitle="Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)" checkinTime="1451250740194" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bouchard, Patrice, Bousquet, Yves, Davies, Anthony E., Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A., Lawrence, John F., Lyal, Chris H. C., Newton, Alfred F., Reid, Chris A. M., Schmitt, Michael, Ślipinski, S. Adam &amp; Smith, Andrew B. T." docDate="2011" docId="E73C2CB844980D4BF11D0907B746EAF9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 88: 1-972" docOrigin="ZooKeys 88" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807" docTitle="Epiphanini Muona 1993" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="FFC1FFDA4E1CE6158E11FFCD0115FF8E" masterDocTitle="Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)" masterLastPageNumber="972" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="144" updateTime="1661732154594" updateUser="admin">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bouchard, Patrice</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Davies, Anthony E.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lawrence, John F.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lyal, Chris H. C.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Newton, Alfred F.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Reid, Chris A. M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Schmitt, Michael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ślipinski, S. Adam</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>88</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>972</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.88.807</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-88-1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159363145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E73C2CB844980D4BF11D0907B746EAF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E73C2CB844980D4BF11D0907B746EAF9" lastPageId="144" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
<subSubSection pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
Tribe
<taxonomicName authority="Muona, 1993" authorityName="Muona" authorityYear="1993" lsidName="" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" rank="tribe" tribe="Epiphanini">Epiphanini Muona, 1993</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="144" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" type="reference_group">
<paragraph lastPageId="144" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="143" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName genus="Epiphanini" lsidName="Epiphanini" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" rank="genus">*Epiphanini</taxonomicName>
Muona, 1991a: 167 [stem: Epiphan-]. Type genus:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Epiphanis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epiphanis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="143" pageNumber="144" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epiphanis</taxonomicName>
Eschscholtz, 1829. Comment: unavailable family-group name, proposed after
<pageBreakToken pageId="144" pageNumber="145" start="start">1930</pageBreakToken>
without description or bibliographic reference to such a description (Art. 13.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" rank="tribe" tribe="Epiphanini">Epiphanini</taxonomicName>
Muona, 1993: 45 [stem: Epiphan-]. Type genus:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Epiphanis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epiphanis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epiphanis</taxonomicName>
Eschscholtz, 1829.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.395.7110" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d9627d89-aad8-4b48-b024-c7a97d580231" ID-PMC="PMC3978236" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-395-33" ID-PubMed="24715788" ID-ZBK="B4D4D101C9AE47F09B7B320735B69D1D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-395-33" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 395" ModsDocTitle="Six new species of Philiris Röber, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Papua New Guinea" checkinTime="1451246046685" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mueller, Chris J." docDate="2014" docId="E73C4BA50EAA0DFCD3C40E3ABDD1B954" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 395: 33-55" docOrigin="ZooKeys 395" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.395.7110" docTitle="Philiris hindenburgensis Mueller, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="5DE19383-BA6A-42EA-A2A2-FC8D199927C7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FFEBBE73FFD8D16FFFC64B5A751FFFB3" masterDocTitle="Six new species of Philiris Roeber, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Papua New Guinea" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1668158131885" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Six new species of Philiris Roeber, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from Papua New Guinea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mueller, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>395</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>33</mods:start>
<mods:end>55</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">B4D4D101C9AE47F09B7B320735B69D1D</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B4D4D101C9AE47F09B7B320735B69D1D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152052282" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5DE19383-BA6A-42EA-A2A2-FC8D199927C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E73C4BA50EAA0DFCD3C40E3ABDD1B954" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/5DE19383-BA6A-42EA-A2A2-FC8D199927C7" authority="Mueller" class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris hindenburgensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hindenburgensis">
Philiris hindenburgensis
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="11" pageNumber="44">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 47-49, 72
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
Holotype ♂ (Figs 47-49): Papua New Guinea, Hindenburg Wall, Western Province, 1800 m (
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.116667">5°07'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="141.25">141°15'E</geoCoordinate>
), 9-12 Feb, 2013, Chris J.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller">Mueller</normalizedToken>
(ANIC), Registration: ANIC Database No. 31-023126. No Paratypes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris hindenburgensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hindenburgensis">Philiris hindenburgensis</taxonomicName>
is a small species with rounded wings that is unique among those species in the genus with predominantly purple-blue uppersides to the males, in bearing a very broad dark border to the costa and inner margin of the hindwing upperside where the purple-blue is essentially restricted between veins 2 and 6. The broad forewing border that is parallel to the termen is also a feature of the males of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris satis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satis">Philiris satis</taxonomicName>
Tite, 1963 (Holotype; Figs 50, 51, 81),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris oreas" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreas">Philiris oreas</taxonomicName>
Tite, 1963 (Holotype; Figs 52, 53, 82) and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris albihumerata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albihumerata">Philiris albihumerata</taxonomicName>
Tite, 1963 (Holotype; Figs 54, 55, 83). However, these taxa all have glossy white undersides with a large, prominent black spot on the inner margin of the hindwing underside. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris hindenburgensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hindenburgensis">Philiris hindenburgensis</taxonomicName>
, the underside is a light grey-white and the spot on the inner margin is merely represented as a barely recognisable brown smear.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
Figures 71-83.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
male genitalia. 71
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris albiplaga" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albiplaga">Philiris albiplaga</taxonomicName>
(Mefor Island, Papua) (a sociuncus in ventral view, b valvae in ventral view, c aedeagus in lateral view) 72
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris hindenburgensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hindenburgensis">Philiris hindenburgensis</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂, (a genitalia in ventral view with aedeagus removed, b genitalia in lateral view, c aedeagus in lateral view) 73
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris parsonsi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parsonsi">Philiris parsonsi</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂, (a genitalia in ventral view with aedeagus removed, b genitalia in lateral view, c aedeagus in lateral view) 74
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris angabunga" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angabunga">Philiris angabunga</taxonomicName>
♂ (Fane, Central Province) (a genitalia in ventral view with aedeagus removed, b genitalia in lateral view, c aedeagus in lateral view) 75
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris lavendula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lavendula">Philiris lavendula</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view 76
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris marginata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginata">Philiris marginata</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view 77
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris vicina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicina">Philiris vicina</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view with aedeagus at right 78
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulgens">Philiris fulgens</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view with aedeagus at right 79
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris fulgens subsp. septentrionalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fulgens" subSpecies="septentrionalis">Philiris fulgens septentrionalis</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view with aedeagus at right 80
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris apicalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Philiris apicalis</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view 81
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris satis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="satis">Philiris satis</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view 82
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris oreas" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oreas">Philiris oreas</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view 83
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris albihumerata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albihumerata">Philiris albihumerata</taxonomicName>
holotype ♂ genitalia in ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris hindenburgensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hindenburgensis">Philiris hindenburgensis</taxonomicName>
are highly distinctive and do not resemble those of any known
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
species. The sociuncus is long and tapered such that the socii are not obviously separated and the lateral margin of the socii is concave. The valvae in
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are most unusual, with long, slightly asymmetric appendages stemming from the lateral margin of the bulbous base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">♂ (Figs 47-48): Forewing length 15.5 mm, antenna 8.5 mm (holotype). Head, palpus and thorax dark grey dorsally, light grey ventrally, abdomen dark grey dorsally, light grey ventrally, frons dark grey with white eye ring; legs light grey with black areas on tibiae; antenna shaft black, ringed conspicuously with white between segments, apex of club brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Fore wing termen slightly convex, inner margin very slightly bowed in middle, apex slightly rounded; upperside dull frosty purple-blue, termen broadly dark brown-black and of even width (1.5 mm wide), cilia dark brown black; underside uniformly light grey-white, a small dark brown basal patch near inner margin, cilia light grey but dark brown-black at vein ends.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
Hind wing rounded; upperside dull frosty purple-blue, costa and inner margin very broadly dark brown so that purple area is, with the exception of a few bordering purple scales, restricted between veins 2 and 6, termen broadly dark brown (approximately 1.5 mm wide), cilia light grey-white but dark brown at vein ends; underside
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="45" start="start">uniformly</pageBreakToken>
light grey-white, a very obscure small brown spot between veins 1a and 1b approximately one third the distance from the base to the tornus, cilia light grey-white, dark brown-black at vein ends.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Male genitalia (Fig. 72): Vinculum and tegumen ring long, tapered posteriorly towards sociuncus, sociuncus narrow and rounded, socii with lateral margin pointed apically, concave in middle, dorsally socii unseparated by sinus, saccus tapered posteriorly, brachium long and tapered dorsally; valva slightly asymmetrical, with left valva longer than right valva, valva bulbous at base, with a long appendage stemming from lateral margin and tapering apically; phallus with large median zone of intricate cornuti, vesica with dorsal flange apically.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">♀. Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">This species is named after the type locality, the monumental Hindenburg Wall.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Western Province, Papua New Guinea.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="45" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
Few species of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Philiris</taxonomicName>
occur at high altitude and in the Hindenburg Wall area at 1800 m (Fig. 85) and above, the only species recorded by the author, besides
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris hindenburgensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hindenburgensis">Philiris hindenburgensis</taxonomicName>
, were
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris biplaga" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biplaga">Philiris biplaga</taxonomicName>
Sands, 1981 and
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Tite, 1963, all of which were recorded proximal to streams during rare periods of strong sunshine.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
Figures 84-98.
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habitats, live adults and early stages. 84 Mt. Otto, West New Britain
<normalizedToken originalValue="Provincetypical">Province-typical</normalizedToken>
habitat of
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85 Hindenburg Range 1800 m, Western
<normalizedToken originalValue="Provincetype">Province-type</normalizedToken>
locality of
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86 Hindenburg Range, approx. 1000 m, near type locality of
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and
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87
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male perched in territory (Hindenburg Range) 88
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second instar larva in dorsal view 89
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fourth instar larva in dorsal view 90
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final instar larva in dorsal view 91
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris petriei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petriei">Philiris petriei</taxonomicName>
pupa in dorsal view 92
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pupa in lateral view 93
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris harterti" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harterti">Philiris harterti</taxonomicName>
final instar larva in dorsal view 94
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lycaenidae" genus="Philiris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Philiris harterti" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harterti">Philiris harterti</taxonomicName>
pupa in dorsal view 95
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pupa in lateral view 96
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final instar larva in lateral view 97
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adult male frons 98
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adult male frons. Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. 88), = 2 mm (Figs 89-96).
</paragraph>
</caption>
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(
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&amp;
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)
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:
</emphasis>
♀,
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5500FEFDE0E1FE89" bold="true" box="[312,645,260,285]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<collectingCountry id="17828789B4472C3D5500FEFDE385FE89" box="[312,481,260,285]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
: Queensland:
</emphasis>
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D56B5FEFDE0A2FE89" box="[653,710,260,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
S of Pine Mt,
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<geoCoordinate id="0AA1A1DEB4472C3D57C1FEFDE6E5FE88" box="[1017,1153,260,284]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" precision="5" value="148.8393">148.8393°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D50B5FEFDE6B2FE88" box="[1165,1238,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="m" value="230.0">230 m</quantity>
,
<date id="1B2BE1D9B4472C3D50DBFEFDE71CFE88" box="[1251,1400,260,284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" value="2000-03-24">24 Mar 2000</date>
, G. Monteith, ex. Malaise trap in vine scrub (
<collectionCode id="09845FDCB4472C3D565DFED1E0D8FED4" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[613,700,296,320]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">AMNH</collectionCode>
_PBI 00399811) (QM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="278F9492B4472C3D54FFFEB5E0C3FD3C" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4472C3D54FFFEB5E0C3FD3C" blockId="1.[151,1437,260,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54FFFEB5E325FEF1" bold="true" box="[199,321,332,357]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4472C3D5573FEB5E028FEF0" box="[331,588,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5573FEB5E028FEF0" box="[331,588,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Megadrymus brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D566EFEB5E0FCFEF1" bold="true" box="[598,664,332,357]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4472C3D566EFEB5E0FCFEF1" box="[598,664,332,357]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is distinguished by the following characters: very small size, &lt;
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D5141FEB5E2A1FE13" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, ovate, robust body, general colour reddish brown, entire forefemora and apical three quarters of meso- and metafemora orange-brown, remainder of legs pale cream brown; corium with distinct patches of light cream and darker reddish brown; inner corium without distinct distal pale spot, only diffusely pale; posterior pronotal lobe pale overall; transparent (colourless) wing membrane; sparse distribution of very short simple setae on abdominal venter, denser laterally; middle of posterior pronotal lobe with v-shaped depression; tricarinate keel of pronotum removed from anterior margin of scutellum, scutellum strongly inclined anteriorly, keel without thickened anterior arms; prosternum slightly elevated but without longitudinal ridge between forecoxae; posterior lobe of metapleuron punctate; forefemur weakly incrassate, only with anteroventral row of spines, hind tarsi with 1st tarsomere less than twice 2nd and 3rd together.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="278F9492B4472C3D54FFFD4DE3E9F90C" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="description">
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4472C3D54FFFD4DE3EAFB7C" blockId="1.[151,1437,260,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54FFFD4DE33DFD59" bold="true" box="[199,345,692,717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Description.</emphasis>
Female. COLOURATION.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D56A3FD4DE087FD59" bold="true" box="[667,739,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Head:</emphasis>
dark reddish brown; labium cream, labial segment orangish.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54AFFD2EE374FD64" bold="true" box="[151,272,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Antennae:</emphasis>
orange-brown.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D55F2FD21E02DFD7B" bold="true" box="[458,585,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Pronotum:</emphasis>
explanate pronotal margins cream; anterior pronotal lobe uniformly redbrown; posterior pronotal lobe cream, with prominent red-brown v-shaped marking medially from anterior margin and two diffuse semi-circular orangey patches from posterior margin, punctations red-brown, posterolateral corners orange-brown.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D557CFCBDE3A6FCC9" bold="true" box="[324,450,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Scutellum:</emphasis>
mostly red-brown, anterolateral corners slightly darker, lighter cream markings along posterolateral margins adjacent to clavus.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5644FC9EE09BFC14" bold="true" box="[636,767,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Hemelytra:</emphasis>
punctations red-brown; clavus orange-brown, cream dash posteriorly; corium banded, orange-brown basally, red-brown medially and apically, cream brown in between; inner third of corium without distal cream spot, just diffusely lightened; embolium cream basally, orangey distally; membrane transparent, no colour.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5600FC2DE1F2FC7F" bold="true" box="[568,918,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Thoracic pleura and sterna:</emphasis>
red-brown; posterior margins of pro- and metapleuron and supracoxal lobes slightly lighter orange-brown; scent gland evaporative area and peritreme dark brown.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54D5FBE5E349FBA7" bold="true" box="[237,301,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Legs:</emphasis>
trochanters yellowish; coxae orange-brown; forefemur entirely orange-brown; mid and metafemora yellowish at base, apical three quarters orange-brown; tibiae and tarsi yellowish.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5027FBC6E6F3FBCC" bold="true" box="[1055,1175,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Abdomen:</emphasis>
red-brown. SURFACE AND VESTITURE. Punctation present over entire inner third of corium and most of outer third of corium, outer third with three rows of punctuations; antennal segments with moderate distribution of semi-erect setae, apical half of AIII+AIV also with short adpressed simple setae; abdominal venter with sparse distribution of short simple setae, denser laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4472C3D54FFFB0DE3E9F90C" blockId="1.[151,1437,260,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
STRUCTURE. Very small size, body length
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D56EBFB0DE15AFA98" box="[723,830,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.37" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="3.37">3.37 mm</quantity>
; body shape ovate, robust.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5047FB0DE6A3FA99" bold="true" box="[1151,1223,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Head:</emphasis>
length
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D511AFB0DE7FCFA98" box="[1314,1432,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5999999999999996" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.36">0. 36 mm</quantity>
; width
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D54E7FAEEE323FABB" box="[223,327,1303,1328]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
; without bent or stepped gula; clypeus prominently elevated above mandibular plate; interoccular distance
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D54C4FAC5E301FAC0" box="[252,357,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D554AFAC5E394FAC7" bold="true" box="[370,496,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Pronotum:</emphasis>
anterior pronotal lobe
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D56C2FAC5E104FAC0" box="[762,864,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D5793FAC5E676FAC0" box="[939,1042,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.07" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="1.07">1.07 mm</quantity>
wide; posterior pronotal
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D510EFAC5E7F8FAC0" box="[1334,1436,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D54E2FA99E325FAEC" box="[218,321,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="1.38">1.38 mm</quantity>
wide; anterior pronotal lobe a half longer than posterior pronotal lobe; latter
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D50F4FA99E752FAEC" box="[1228,1334,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
; anterior pronotal lobe moderately elevated; posterior pronotal lobe with medial depression from anterior margin.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54AFFA5EE371FA54" bold="true" box="[151,277,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Scutellum:</emphasis>
length
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4472C3D5550FA51E3ABFA54" box="[360,463,1448,1472]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" unit="mm" value="0.77">0.77 mm</quantity>
; tricarinate keel over posterior two thirds of scutellum, strongly elevated, anterior arms not thickened.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D557BFA35E3A2FA71" bold="true" box="[323,454,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Hemelytra:</emphasis>
macropterous.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5642FA35E1ACFA77" bold="true" box="[634,968,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Thoracic pleura and sterna:</emphasis>
prosternum elevated medially; posterior section of metapleuron with row of punctations along posterior margin and on lateral margin.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5088FA16E720F99C" bold="true" box="[1200,1348,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Forefemora:</emphasis>
weakly incrassate; with one row of spines on ventral surface; anteroventral row of spines straight, major spine small, much shorter than width of tibia, directed straight; anteroventral margin not apically excavated/concave between major spine and apex; posteroventral swollen spine absent.
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D56DCF9A5E105F9E1" bold="true" box="[740,865,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<collectingCountry id="17828789B4472C3D56DCF9A5E17BF9E1" box="[740,799,1628,1653]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Hind</collectingCountry>
tarsi:
</emphasis>
1st tarsomere less than twice length of 2nd and 3rd tarsomeres combined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="278F9492B4472C3F54FFF95DE31AFEF0" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="599" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4472C3D54FFF95DE658F848" blockId="1.[151,1437,260,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54FFF95DE35FF929" bold="true" box="[199,315,1700,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Remarks.</emphasis>
We did not place this new species in
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4472C3D56DCF95DE6C2F928" authority="Cassis &amp; Symonds 2012" authorityName="Cassis &amp; Symonds" authorityYear="2012" box="[740,1190,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D56DCF95DE112F928" box="[740,886,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Megadrymus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0B04BAE8B4472C3D57BEF95DE6FAF928" author="Cassis" box="[902,1182,1700,1725]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refString="Cassis, G. &amp; Symonds, C. (2012) Systematics and biology of the Australian seed bug genus Megadrymus Gross (Insecta: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Drymini). Invertebrate Systematics, 26, 249 - 273. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / is 11050" type="journal article" year="2012">Cassis &amp; Symonds 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
based on its lack of a stepped gula; transparent wing membrane; scutellar keel being more weakly defined, without thickened anterior arms; presence of a v-shaped impression medially on the posterior pronotal lobe; forefemora with only one (anteroventral) row of spines and only very weakly incrassate; contrasting colouration on corium with very distinct patches of light and dark (whereas in other
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4472C3D56A5F8CDE14BF8D8" box="[669,815,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D56A5F8CDE14BF8D8" box="[669,815,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Megadrymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. edges between light and dark patches are more diffuse); lack of distinct and relatively large pale spot distally on inner corium; posterior pronotal lobe pale overall; clypeus prominently elevated above mandibular plate; hind tarsi with 1st tarsomere less than twice 2nd and 3rd together.
<collectingCountry id="17828789B4472C3D5539F858E344F82D" box="[257,288,1953,1977]" name="American Samoa" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">As</collectingCountry>
a consequence
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4472C3D55EEF858E006F82C" box="[470,610,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D55EEF858E006F82C" box="[470,610,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">M. brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5653F859E0C8F82D" bold="true" box="[619,684,1952,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4472C3D5653F859E0C8F82D" box="[619,684,1952,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
was placed sister to the clade of
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4472C3D5015F859E7E7F82C" authority="Gross" authorityName="Gross" box="[1069,1411,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Paradrymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilirostris">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D5015F859E75DF82C" box="[1069,1337,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Paradrymus exilirostris</emphasis>
Gross
</taxonomicName>
+
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4472C3D54AFF83DE34DF848" box="[151,297,1988,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4472C3D54AFF83DE34DF848" box="[151,297,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Megadrymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in our phylogenetic analysis (
<bibRefCitation id="0B04BAE8B4472C3D56B9F83DE64FF848" author="Cassis" box="[641,1067,1988,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="597" refString="Cassis, G. &amp; Symonds, C. (2012) Systematics and biology of the Australian seed bug genus Megadrymus Gross (Insecta: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Drymini). Invertebrate Systematics, 26, 249 - 273. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / is 11050" type="journal article" year="2012">
Cassis &amp; Symonds 2012, see
<figureCitation id="F7AEDB9CB4472C3D57F6F83DE64FF848" box="[974,1067,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1569,1591]" captionTargetBox="[394,1310,260,1506]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[276,1310,195,1544]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Habitus photo of Megadrymus brigalow n. sp., holotype specimen, female. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224609/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="597">Figure 1</figureCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="3BEA9791B4442C3E54AFF9D8E6CFF9A3" box="[151,1195,1569,1591]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224609/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" targetBox="[394,1310,260,1506]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4442C3E54AFF9D8E6CFF9A3" blockId="2.[151,1195,1569,1591]" box="[151,1195,1569,1591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E54AFF9D8E377F9A2" bold="true" box="[151,275,1569,1591]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Habitus photo of
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E55F1F9D8E0CBF9A2" box="[457,687,1569,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E55F1F9D8E0CBF9A2" box="[457,687,1569,1590]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">Megadrymus brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E568DF9D8E08BF9A2" bold="true" box="[693,751,1569,1590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4442C3E568DF9D8E08BF9A2" box="[693,751,1569,1590]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype specimen, female. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4442C3E54FFF9A6E048F893" blockId="2.[151,1436,1630,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
However, on re-examination of the specimen and more extensive study of Australian
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E50AEF9A7E691F9E3" box="[1174,1269,1630,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Drymini">Drymini</taxonomicName>
in collections, we have determined this species to be a member of
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E56EDF97BE103F90E" box="[725,871,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E56EDF97BE103F90E" box="[725,871,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">Megadrymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We have observed that within other
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E513DF97BE703F90F" box="[1285,1383,1666,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Drymini">Drymini</taxonomicName>
, that with very small species many characters seem to be reduced in expression or absent compared to other seemingly congeneric morphospecies (i.e. shape of the head, pronotum and scutellum and structure of the forefemora), as seen also in
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E54D0F917E382F892" box="[232,486,1774,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E54D0F917E382F892" box="[232,486,1774,1798]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">Megadrymus brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E55D5F917E048F893" bold="true" box="[493,556,1774,1799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4442C3E55D5F917E048F893" box="[493,556,1774,1799]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4442C3E54FFF8EBE756F803" blockId="2.[151,1436,1630,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E54FFF8EBE3A1F8BE" box="[199,453,1810,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E54FFF8EBE3A1F8BE" box="[199,453,1810,1834]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">Megadrymus brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E55F4F8EBE06FF8BF" bold="true" box="[460,523,1810,1835]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4442C3E55F4F8EBE06FF8BF" box="[460,523,1810,1835]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is the smallest species in the genus and most atypical with respect to the pronotal and scutellar colouration and structure, and colouration of corium as described. In particular, colouration of the tricarinate keel of the scutellum is for the most part the same as the ground colour of the scutellum, as opposed to most other species of
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E55B3F887E079F802" box="[395,541,1918,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E55B3F887E079F802" box="[395,541,1918,1942]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">Megadrymus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where the keel colouration is contrasting, being lighter in colouration.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4442C3E54FFF85BE653F84A" blockId="2.[151,1436,1630,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4442C3E54FFF85BE05FF82F" authority="Gross" authorityName="Gross" box="[199,571,1954,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuicornis">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4442C3E54FFF85BE3BBF82E" box="[199,479,1954,1978]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="598">Megadrymus tenuicornis</emphasis>
(Gross)
</taxonomicName>
is also very small (Female =
<quantity id="A86D6AFCB4442C3E57B3F85BE194F82F" box="[907,1008,1954,1979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.76" pageId="2" pageNumber="598" unit="mm" value="3.76">3.76 mm</quantity>
) and also more pale in colour but can be differentiated most easily by the shape of the pronotum and scutellum structure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4452C3F54FFFF61E31AFEF0" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F54FFFF61E3A1FF24" box="[199,453,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F54FFFF61E3A1FF24" box="[199,453,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">Megadrymus brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F55F4FF6EE06FFF24" bold="true" box="[460,523,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4452C3F55F4FF6EE06FFF24" box="[460,523,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F56A5FF60E667FF24" authority="Cassis and Symonds" authorityName="Cassis and Symonds" box="[669,1027,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kakadu">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F56A5FF60E177FF24" box="[669,787,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">M. kakadu</emphasis>
Cassis and Symonds
</taxonomicName>
, but differs by being smaller, and by having a more ovate and robust body shape (rather than the more slender shape of
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F5052FF44E681FF40" box="[1130,1253,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kakadu">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F5052FF44E681FF40" box="[1130,1253,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">M. kakadu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and again the pronotal and scutellar structure. Setae on the abdominal venter of M.
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F57A7FF19E660FF6C" box="[927,1028,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F57A7FF19E660FF6C" box="[927,1028,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F5033FF26E62EFF6C" bold="true" box="[1035,1098,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4452C3F5033FF26E62EFF6C" box="[1035,1098,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are slightly shorter than in
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F5145FF18E28CFE88" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kakadu">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F5145FF18E28CFE88" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">M. kakadu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but with same distribution. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F568AFEFCE159FE88" box="[690,829,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F568AFEFCE159FE88" box="[690,829,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">M. brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F577DFEFDE1E2FE89" bold="true" box="[837,902,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4452C3F577DFEFDE1E2FE89" box="[837,902,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has the forefemora only weakly incrassate and without any outer swelling or spine, which we refer to as the posteroventral basal tumescence (see Figure 7,
<bibRefCitation id="0B04BAE8B4452C3F516CFEDEE316FEF0" author="Cassis" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" refString="Cassis, G. &amp; Symonds, C. (2012) Systematics and biology of the Australian seed bug genus Megadrymus Gross (Insecta: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Drymini). Invertebrate Systematics, 26, 249 - 273. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / is 11050" type="journal article" year="2012">Cassis and Symonds 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="278F9492B4452C3F54FFFE96E64FFDA9" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4452C3F54FFFE96E64FFDA9" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F54FFFE96E304FE1C" bold="true" box="[199,352,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">Distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F5553FE89E009FE1C" box="[363,621,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F5553FE89E009FE1C" box="[363,621,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">Megadrymus brigalow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="46D2A670B4452C3F5640FE96E0DFFE1C" box="[632,699,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" rank="species">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F5640FE96E0DFFE1C" bold="true" box="[632,699,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is known from a single locality on the Great Dividing Range, southwest of Mackay on the mid coast of Queensland (See
<figureCitation id="F7AEDB9CB4452C3F5769FE6DE1D1FE38" box="[849,949,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1744,1766]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,681,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,663,1722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map showing locality of Megadrymus brigalow n. sp. and the boundaries of the Brigalow Belt (North and South) and Nandewar IBRA Bioregions, where the endangered semi-evergreen vine thicket habitat occurs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224611/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">Figure 2</figureCitation>
). The specimen was collected from semievergreen vine thicket, a scattered dry rainforest habitat found in the
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F57E6FE4EE622FE44" box="[990,1094,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">Brigalow</taxonomicName>
Belt (North and South) and Nandewar IBRA Bioregions (mapped in
<figureCitation id="F7AEDB9CB4452C3F5651FE25E0AFFE60" box="[617,715,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1744,1766]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,681,1708]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,663,1722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution map showing locality of Megadrymus brigalow n. sp. and the boundaries of the Brigalow Belt (North and South) and Nandewar IBRA Bioregions, where the endangered semi-evergreen vine thicket habitat occurs." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/224611/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">Figure 2</figureCitation>
), and nationally listed as an endangered ecological community, mainly due to loss and fragmentation from clearing and degradation of remnants (Department of the Environment 2013). Pine Mountain is located within the
<taxonomicName id="A895BC9AB4452C3F5644FDDDE080FDA9" box="[636,740,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Rhyparochromidae" genus="Megadrymus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brigalow" status="sp. nov.">Brigalow</taxonomicName>
Belt North IBRA Bioregion.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="278F9492B4452C3F54FFFDBEE616FDF4" box="[199,1138,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6F2AC719B4452C3F54FFFDBEE616FDF4" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,608]" box="[199,1138,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="5DE11B0BB4452C3F54FFFDBEE32AFDF4" bold="true" box="[199,334,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">Etymology.</emphasis>
After the biogeographic region of the
<typeStatus id="B02E79BBB4452C3F56C4FDB1E148FDF4" box="[764,812,584,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="599">type</typeStatus>
locality. Noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
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<mods:title>Ninety-eight new species of Trigonopterus weevils from Sundaland and the Lesser Sunda Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Balke, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Rahmadi, Cahyo</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Curculionidae</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
92.
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FE88CB46-FFD3-4E18-99AF-EDA462185900" authority="Riedel" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trigonopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonopterus tepalensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tepalensis">Trigonopterus tepalensis Riedel</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="84" pageNumber="85">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="diagnostic description">
<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Diagnostic description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
Holotype, male (Fig. 92a). Length 1.98 mm. Color of antennae and legs ferruginous, sutural interval dark ferruginous; remainder black. Body subovate, in dorsal aspect and in profile with weak constriction between pronotum and elytron. Rostrum with median ridge and pair of submedian ridges, intervening furrows each with sparse row of mesad directed setae; epistome simple. Pronotum coarsely punctate, submedially interspaces longitudinally rugose, with median costa; with sparse, suberect, slender scales. Elytra with striae deeply impressed; each with row of slender suberect setae; intervals costate, subglabrous, some with scattered punctures; with dense row of punctures on sutural interval, facing mesad towards incised suture. Femora with simple, crenate anteroventral ridge. Metafemur subapically with stridulatory patch. Metatibia apically with uncus, without premucro. Abdominal ventrite 5 coarsely punctate, with sparse suberect setae; with median carina. Penis (Fig. 92b) with sides of body converging, at middle with shallow constriction; containing pairs of sclerites; apex sparsely setose, with median extension indistinct, rounded; transfer apparatus symmetrical, with two pairs of tendons attached; apodemes 2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as body; ductus ejaculatorius without bulbus.
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<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
Holotype (MZB): ARC3588 (EMBL # LM656020), West Nusa Tenggara Prov., W-Sumbawa, Tepal, Pc. Nengas, sample 5,
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-8.595667">S08°35.740'</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="117.14535">E117°08.721'</geoCoordinate>
, 1330 m, 16-IV-2010.
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<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">West Nusa Tenggara Prov., Sumbawa (Tepal). Elevation: 1330 m.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">This epithet is based on the type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Trigonopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonopterus tepalensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tepalensis">Trigonopterus tepalensis</taxonomicName>
Riedel, sp. n. was coded as &quot;
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sp. 439&quot;.
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<taxonomicName id="1AE067BE85E5489A501370B41B287BB9" ID-CoL="6BRGS" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lusitanica">
<emphasis id="039BD579B5D90A06DE19C137FD2D5A6F" italics="true">Cupressus lusitanica</emphasis>
Mill.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9C6E54320A216E84F291034C9CFFCA81" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="862AAD1AFF3B1E1F1F4961A2587CD346">
Art ISFS: 127150 Checklist: 1014070
<taxonomicName id="A07557274BE65987F4E91CCBFFD32232" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="8146D763F5494E53696AC5F3388BB897" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cupressus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="2AEAC647D903575D30226EE34EF8A0BC" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lusitanica">Cupressus lusitanica Mill.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="80E32EC888FE3A3C0D2FDD36048B896E">
<heading id="0904200A440CD120CF5AF6C18CAF2963">Zusammenfassung</heading>
KEINE ANGABE
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB9AB6FD6D93769024D98D92B50A5627">
<heading id="828B993A25D9F6CCF0806A022964CC55">
<normalizedToken id="4CACD6E78BB7C0D71E3DF1C6DE85C15C" originalValue="Ökologie">Oekologie</normalizedToken>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47C66D8DBFBA8F6536F412F3F2CF7921">
<heading id="690E320FF801C83E1D252A67BE644424">Lebensraum Lebensraum</heading>
nach
<bibRefCitation id="E8F2BC3BD3605EBF6CE5750D60167D10" author="Delarze, R. &amp; Gonseth, Y. &amp; Eggenberger, S. &amp; Vust, M." location="Bad Hersfeld, Germany" publisher="Ott Verlag" refString="Delarze, R., Gonseth, Y., Eggenberger, S., Vust, M. 2015. Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition). Ott Verlag, Bad Hersfeld, Germany, 456 pp." title="Lebensräume der Schweiz: Oekologie Gefährdung Kennarten (3rd edition)" year="2015">Delarze &amp; al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C940AA0A1901C98F3053BE1CF7C56C7">
<table id="6453F99C8579D1EE909452BD5FE08E67" class="table" inLine="true">
<tr id="DC2954DE2DE0147CA8FBB241AAEF5ECC">
<td id="97D93EC16000E359EA64ED6E0D52658A">
<tbody id="FA1CE530B6D9BB88D93203BD3A958370">KEINE ANGABE</tbody>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A356001EC942676D08BD98D0F1142500" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="4982619E600619CB548BEB0181C9C97B">
<normalizedToken id="884EF42F849532F9BEC6FA6DB3321160" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="BDADDFDDF8116551D1A3324581B11783" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F332511C8CC2C82F48E7D63095A21">
<table id="D2B558E01B60EED2A228A824FDFD038A" class="table" inLine="true">
<tbody id="62ECD893003D9738CA654AFEBA14F44C">
<tr id="4C155AE48CF4DA85AB84373027128B00">
<th id="8443B0228AC4AF963E1A7A0FFEB7C812" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="1660A30ABA77F61B1FDD595B6EB31632" bold="true">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="1517B64C111EDEF1E6FF24936C01B249" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="3900876FA07F3CDAB46660100C0F6814" bold="true">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D5807614443D62B5ADC6A61543561ACA" colspan="2">
<emphasis id="051A5AC78401DADA52094A1EF4565B70" bold="true">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="8B318CC71A31713ECB9842F1ED1B20B4">
<td id="EE71328335FEC06F7D5E20624CB38E80">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="BC4FDCBDDED1AFB1089DD9BDCD4A9D94" style="text-align:left;width:100px">--</td>
<td id="BB70B875D66216ACF2FB12379AC05DE2">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="0FDB3827F60D0978E55008FEB1038070" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
<td id="F93CF0F84B152610351ACAA6386FCFFA">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="E0B48CD325019A5A0BAF621CFA0C41B3" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E0DF1E9EE040805A0789B75DD06451AF">
<td id="D028DA0076B19C42A53C8297ED467104">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="1A842C64C6CB7E7516FD3A6CE7C26592" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="65227930117D89A372CF2C87C9169DFD">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="0BCB47636605639A48ABFFBFBA73A666" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="04DD8302924CE582C343B75D88C41CC3">
<td id="9E2E9110B590B6846F3BEF66EEDEBE0D">
<normalizedToken id="D23C5908C2685A26A5EE71E579CB6787" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="AA7B12F4146CA1D462147599E61031DD" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="40A79DAEBD0A1F67F5F6CE8E081E1DE9">
<normalizedToken id="76615CEE524C6C95B3F0197FAD5B254E" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="67892318D9A6D9A71B7372FC6662E33E" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F11476FDE00D5BE185D09BC4D66F7419" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="63579A0AEFDD626A9F6B83D1F71C9CBE">
<heading id="9BFE0F845C698EB2333B15E6BADAC4B3">Nomenklatur</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="513109D7CA292B96EF9AC5C79BD0D08E">
<treatmentCitation id="370EA1EA7CFEF8DB7B4DDE2901B5A4BA">
<heading id="4C900F1BF1E1A4CDD4D7D34EF009742E">
<normalizedToken id="B2195A4DDC432E52EF166D084F1926B9" originalValue="Gültiger">Gueltiger</normalizedToken>
Name (
<bibRefCitation id="01D3C9FC117C5E8C57EB63F6B31E810F" author="Juillerat, P. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Bornand, C. &amp; Gygax, A. &amp; Jutzi, M. &amp; Möhl, A. &amp; Nyffeler, R. &amp; Sager, L. &amp; Santiago, H. &amp; Eggenberg, S." publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" publisher="Info Flora" refString="Juillerat, P., Bäumler, B., Bornand, C., Gygax, A., Jutzi, M., Möhl, A., Nyffeler, R., Sager, L., Santiago, H., and Eggenberg, S. (2017). Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera. Info Flora. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10680266" title="Checklist 2017 der Gefässpflanzenflora der Schweiz / de la flore vasculaire de la Suisse / della flora vascolare della Svizzera" year="2017">Checklist 2017</bibRefCitation>
)
</heading>
:
<taxonomicName id="3419FAE13AD641D9D657DD27F0B17C7C" ID-CoL="6BRGS" authority="Mill." authorityName="Mill." class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Cupressus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lusitanica">
<emphasis id="42B678AC9232968F30C6B3C8AEB14D02" italics="true">Cupressus lusitanica</emphasis>
Mill.
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DABCCE4FA0D4BD991CB0720240BCB61C" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="94B4E099CD179C32F8A591285A6EBEA3">Volksname</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA7435926C1A924379B7E23590961627" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="F6AF921E62A53ADF60E429584D3330E8">
Deutscher Name: -- Nom
<normalizedToken id="672F516BF84A5A026A028A03A4FFC9BA" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
: -- Nome italiano: --
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77BEBDA6B456B96F3FD7D00494D7A5B6" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="70F96D8FC3586C9D5A21E28508484FD6">
<heading id="1382AF03B34C3203ABBDB5FB0DFF64EF">Status Indigenat</heading>
: Kultivierte Pflanze ohne Tendenz zur Verwilderung
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D43528B4BA86E3BF033E25ACA05F290">
<emphasis id="53D8C076E5EB8BC039579B2308E65DC1" bold="true">
<heading id="54341C30F25D605116C32719D23840B3">
Liste der
<normalizedToken id="F51A5EB84424972D52561DAFFC25B0CF" originalValue="gefährdeten">gefaehrdeten</normalizedToken>
Pflanzen IUCN
</heading>
(nach
<bibRefCitation id="9F14BD7F56E205B4C603A0888CE868BE" author="Walter, K.S. &amp; Gillett, H.J." location="Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK" publicationUrl="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" publisher="IUCN" refString="Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (editors). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.44833" title="IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants" year="1997">Walter &amp; Gillett 1997</bibRefCitation>
):
</emphasis>
Nein
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart>Du, Jianguo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ma, Zhiyuan</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">
<materialsCitation country="Malaysia" location="Redang islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Other material">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Type status:</emphasis>
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Other material</typeStatus>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Occurrence:</emphasis>
occurrenceID: BDJ_12482_40;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Location:</emphasis>
country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
; locality:
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;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Identification:</emphasis>
identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Loh KH and Du Jianguo</determinerName>
</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="47537">
<bibRefCitation author="Harborne, A." journalOrPublisher="Coral Cay Conservation Ltd, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="47537" refId="B5376848" refString="Harborne, A., Fenner, D., Barnes, A., Beger, M., Harding, S., Roxburgh, T., 2000. Status report on the coral reefs of the east coast of Peninsula Malaysia. Coral Cay Conservation Ltd, London" title="Status report on the coral reefs of the east coast of Peninsula Malaysia" year="2000">Harborne et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
; This study.
</paragraph>
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