Add updates up until 2025-01-29 14:34:53

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<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B34D002D22D3FBEC" box="[374,485,1049,1075]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[296,1044,162,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[270,1044,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý. (a, c) male, 7.47 mm, from Puer, Yunnan; (b, d) female, 7.81 mm from Puer, Yunnan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="268">Figures 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B34D002D22D3FBEC" box="[374,485,1049,1075]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[296,1044,162,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[270,1044,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý. (a, c) male, 7.47 mm, from Puer, Yunnan; (b, d) female, 7.81 mm from Puer, Yunnan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765188/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="268">Figures 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B3CA002D2134FBEC" box="[497,514,1049,1075]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[237,1109,152,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-1@5.[192,1124,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus variation of Anthaxia (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý in dorsal view (5.899.10 mm). (ac) male, from Puer, Yunnan; (d, e) female from Puer, Yunnan. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="268">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B3CA002D2134FBEC" box="[497,514,1049,1075]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[237,1109,152,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-1@5.[192,1124,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Habitus variation of Anthaxia (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý in dorsal view (5.899.10 mm). (ac) male, from Puer, Yunnan; (d, e) female from Puer, Yunnan. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765190/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="268">4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B036002D212BFBEC" box="[525,541,1049,1075]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="268">5</figureCitation>
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(eh), 6(eh), 7(c, d), 8(c, d), 9(df))
</paragraph>
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@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ sp.
(
<taxonomicName id="4C024D290F78FF9AB62B0486274BFF14" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1040,1149,178,203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="16" pageNumber="269" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F78FF9AB29304E02227FF32" box="[168,273,212,237]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1041,1064]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetId="figure-131@12.[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 10. Habitat and the adult host plant of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, photo by Ms. Ying Yang). (a) Mr. Yu-Chen Zheng is collecting specimens from the flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae) in natural habitat; (b) the leaves and flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae)." pageId="16" pageNumber="269">Figure 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F78FF9AB29304E02227FF32" box="[168,273,212,237]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1041,1064]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetId="figure-131@12.[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 10. Habitat and the adult host plant of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, photo by Ms. Ying Yang). (a) Mr. Yu-Chen Zheng is collecting specimens from the flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae) in natural habitat; (b) the leaves and flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765200/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="269">Figure 10</figureCitation>
), during daytime from April to May.
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View file

@ -1,92 +1,93 @@
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@ -108,13 +109,13 @@ Qi &amp; Song
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<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F69FF83B3850293209EFAB8" blockId="1.[446,902,1701,1728]" lastBlockId="9.[380,936,1357,1383]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="262" pageId="1" pageNumber="254">
(Chinese common name: 郑氏花纹吉丁) (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F61FF83B3B9017922D9FAB8" box="[386,495,1357,1383]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="9" pageNumber="262">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F61FF83B3B9017922D9FAB8" box="[386,495,1357,1383]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="262">Figures 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F61FF83B3C60179213BFAB8" box="[509,525,1357,1383]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="9" pageNumber="262">5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F61FF83B3C60179213BFAB8" box="[509,525,1357,1383]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="262">5</figureCitation>
(ad), 6(ad), 7(a, b), 8(a, b), 9(ac))
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF7D66220F6AFF88B29B0253215CF967" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" startId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" targetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F6AFF88B29B0253215CF967" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="255" startId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" targetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F6AFF88B29B0253215CF967" blockId="2.[160,1157,1639,1720]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F6AFF88B29B025323C8F9A1" bold="true" box="[160,254,1639,1662]" pageId="2" pageNumber="255">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Habitus of
@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ Qi &amp; Song
(a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F6BFF89B29B025A2206F91F" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" startId="3.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[265,1042,162,1577]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F6BFF89B29B025A2206F91F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765184" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765184/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="256" startId="3.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[265,1042,162,1577]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F6BFF89B29B025A2206F91F" blockId="3.[160,1157,1646,1728]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F6BFF89B29B025A23CFF95A" bold="true" box="[160,249,1646,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="256">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Habitus of
@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ Habitus of
(a, c) male, 7.91 mm, from Taitung, Taiwan; (b, d) female, 8.88 mm, from Taitung, Taiwan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F6CFF8EB29B025A276EF97D" pageId="4" pageNumber="257" startId="4.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[296,1044,162,1591]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F6CFF8EB29B025A276EF97D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765188" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765188/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="257" startId="4.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[296,1044,162,1591]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F6CFF8EB29B025A276EF97D" blockId="4.[160,1157,1646,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F6CFF8EB29B025A23CFF95A" bold="true" box="[160,249,1646,1669]" pageId="4" pageNumber="257">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Habitus of
@ -163,7 +164,7 @@ Bílý.
(a, c) male, 7.47 mm, from Puer, Yunnan; (b, d) female, 7.81 mm from Puer, Yunnan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F6DFF8FB29B025A2088F97D" pageId="5" pageNumber="258" startId="5.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[237,1109,152,1582]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F6DFF8FB29B025A2088F97D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765190/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="258" startId="5.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[237,1109,152,1582]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F6DFF8FB29B025A2088F97D" blockId="5.[160,1156,1646,1698]" pageId="5" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F6DFF8FB29B025A23CDF95A" bold="true" box="[160,251,1646,1669]" pageId="5" pageNumber="258">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Habitus variation of
@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ Bílý
in dorsal view (5.899.10 mm). (ac) male, from Puer, Yunnan; (d, e) female from Puer, Yunnan. Scale = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F6EFF8CB29B025A21D3F925" pageId="6" pageNumber="259" startId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F6EFF8CB29B025A21D3F925" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="259" startId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F6EFF8CB29B025A21D3F925" blockId="6.[160,1156,1646,1786]" pageId="6" pageNumber="259">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F6EFF8CB29B025A23CFF95A" bold="true" box="[160,249,1646,1669]" pageId="6" pageNumber="259">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Frontal aspect of head and antennae details. (a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad)
@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ Bílý
: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F6FFF8DB29B025A2277F8C8" pageId="7" pageNumber="260" startId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F6FFF8DB29B025A2277F8C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="260" startId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F6FFF8DB29B025A2277F8C8" blockId="7.[160,1156,1646,1815]" pageId="7" pageNumber="260">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F6FFF8DB29B025A23CFF95A" bold="true" box="[160,249,1646,1669]" pageId="7" pageNumber="260">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view. (a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad)
@ -257,7 +258,7 @@ Bílý
: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F60FF82B29B025A21D7F902" pageId="8" pageNumber="261" startId="8.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[207,1108,142,1614]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F60FF82B29B025A21D7F902" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765196/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="261" startId="8.[160,225,1646,1669]" targetBox="[207,1108,142,1614]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F60FF82B29B025A21D7F902" blockId="8.[160,1157,1646,1757]" pageId="8" pageNumber="261">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F60FF82B29B025A23CBF95A" bold="true" box="[160,253,1646,1669]" pageId="8" pageNumber="261">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Prosternal process in ventral view. (a, b)
@ -296,7 +297,7 @@ Bílý
(e) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F61FF83B29B008421BFFAC0" pageId="9" pageNumber="262" startId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F61FF83B29B008421BFFAC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765198" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765198/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="262" startId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F61FF83B29B008421BFFAC0" blockId="9.[160,1155,1200,1311]" pageId="9" pageNumber="262">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F61FF83B29B008423CFFB18" bold="true" box="[160,249,1200,1223]" pageId="9" pageNumber="262">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b)
@ -443,7 +444,7 @@ leg.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D04FD230F63FF81B31A04862203FF16" box="[289,309,178,201]" count="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="264" type="male"></specimenCount>
specimen (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B38704862123FF14" box="[444,533,178,203]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B38704862123FF14" box="[444,533,178,203]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(a, c)). Length
<quantity id="4CFA9B4F0F63FF81B0FB04862011FF14" box="[704,807,178,203]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="11" pageNumber="264" unit="mm" value="5.18">5.18 mm</quantity>
, width
@ -458,49 +459,49 @@ specimen (
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F63FF81B29B051722F7FEE2" bold="true" box="[160,449,291,317]" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F63FF81B29B051723CBFEE2" bold="true" box="[160,253,291,317]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Habitus</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B3290517224FFEE2" box="[274,377,291,317]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B3290517224FFEE2" box="[274,377,291,317]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(a,c)).
</emphasis>
slender, convex and lustrous, acuminate posteriorly; frons (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B2930573223EFEBF" box="[168,264,327,352]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B2930573223EFEBF" box="[168,264,327,352]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
(a)) metallic green, vertex (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B07E05732193FEBF" box="[581,677,327,352]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B07E05732193FEBF" box="[581,677,327,352]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(a)) black; antennae (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B1A6057320CBFEBF" box="[925,1021,327,352]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B1A6057320CBFEBF" box="[925,1021,327,352]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
(c)) metallic green to metallic blue; pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B07B055E2197FE5C" box="[576,673,362,387]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B07B055E2197FE5C" box="[576,673,362,387]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(a)) metallic green with two large, black, more or less triangular spots narrowed posteriorly; scutellum (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B1AE05B820CEFE7A" box="[917,1016,396,421]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B1AE05B820CEFE7A" box="[917,1016,396,421]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(a)) metallic green; elytra (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B379059B22ABFE17" box="[322,413,431,456]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B379059B22ABFE17" box="[322,413,431,456]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(a)) black to dark violet, the anterior margin of elytra and both sides of anterior third of elytral suture form an approximately triangular metallic green area, two large metallic green semicircular maculae along lateral margins, lateral margins with very narrow metallic green stripes extending to the apex, terminal quarter of elytra with two broad longitudinal metallic green stripes along the suture; front leg metallic green, middle and hind legs almost black with a hint of metallic green in dorsal view. Most of the ventral surface (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B399064B22CCFD47" box="[418,506,639,664]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B399064B22CCFD47" box="[418,506,639,664]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(c)) metallic green, 25 ventrite nearly black with a small part of metallic green at the apex of anal ventrite (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B0E70696200EFD64" box="[732,824,674,699]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-83@9.[163,1153,142,1169]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (e) male (Figure 2 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B0E70696200EFD64" box="[732,824,674,699]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-83@9.[163,1153,142,1169]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (e) male (Figure 2 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765198/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 8</figureCitation>
(a)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F63FF81B29B06C52200FB57" blockId="11.[160,1156,753,1160]" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F63FF81B29B06C522DAFCD4" bold="true" box="[160,492,753,779]" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F63FF81B29B06C523E8FCD4" bold="true" box="[160,222,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B2CB06C52255FCD4" box="[240,355,753,779]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figures 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B2CB06C52255FCD4" box="[240,355,753,779]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figures 5</figureCitation>
(a, c), 6(a)).
</emphasis>
relatively large, partly retracted into prothorax, narrower than anterior pronotal margin; frons (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B0760720219CFCF2" box="[589,682,788,813]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B0760720219CFCF2" box="[589,682,788,813]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
(a)) deeply depressed, vertex (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B63907202756FCF2" box="[1026,1120,788,813]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B63907202756FCF2" box="[1026,1120,788,813]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(a)) depressed, about 0.4 times as wide as width of eye; eyes large, reniform, weakly projecting beyond outline of head, inner margins S-shaped, strongly converging towards vertex and slightly converging towards frons (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B003074821AFFC4A" box="[568,665,892,917]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B003074821AFFC4A" box="[568,665,892,917]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
(a)); sculpture of frons consisting of large, rounded and polygonal cells with small central punctures, vertex with smaller, polygonal ocellation; antennae (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B3A007F622CDFC04" box="[411,507,962,987]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B3A007F622CDFC04" box="[411,507,962,987]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 5</figureCitation>
(c)) longer than the length of pronotum, reaching midlength of pronotum when laid alongside; scape long, claviform, 3.0 times as long as wide, pedicel suboval about 1.5 times as long as wide, third antennomere claviform, 2.4 times as long as wide, fourth antennomere suboval, 1.6 times as long as wide, antennomeres 510 trapezoidal, 1.11.2 times as long as wide, terminal antennomere rhomboid, 1.9 times as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F63FF86B29B008A2216FB32" blockId="11.[160,1157,1214,1482]" lastBlockId="12.[160,1155,1201,1261]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="265" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F63FF81B29B008A2288FB07" bold="true" box="[160,446,1214,1240]" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F63FF81B29B008A2220FB07" bold="true" box="[160,278,1214,1240]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Pronotum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B312008A22B9FB07" box="[297,399,1214,1240]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F63FF81B312008A22B9FB07" box="[297,399,1214,1240]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="264">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(a)).
</emphasis>
strongly convex, 1.5 times as wide as long, widest near midlength, with wide and shallow lateroposterior depressions; anterior margin widely and shallowly emarginate, front angles protruding to the front slightly; lateral margins angulately rounded; posterior margin bold almost straight, with very dense denticulation, posterior angles obtused. Anterior portion in the middle of pronotum consisting of rounded reticulate cells sculpture without central grains; anterior areas in the lateral sides of pronotum with fine, longitudinal and extruded condition rugae; prescutellar portion with larger, strongly transverse sculpture; lateroposterior portions with large, rounded reticulate cells sculpture without central grains.
@ -544,7 +545,7 @@ Bílý
: (g, h) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (i) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7D66220F64FF86B29B0025202DFB5F" pageId="12" pageNumber="265" startId="12.[160,225,1041,1064]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1010]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F64FF86B29B0025202DFB5F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765200/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="265" startId="12.[160,225,1041,1064]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1010]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F64FF86B29B0025202DFB5F" blockId="12.[160,1155,1041,1152]" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B00252231FBF7" bold="true" box="[160,263,1041,1064]" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Habitat and the adult host plant of
@ -579,7 +580,7 @@ Qi &amp; Song
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B012A2280FAE7" bold="true" box="[160,438,1310,1336]" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B012A2222FAE7" bold="true" box="[160,276,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Scutellum</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B318012A22B1FAE7" box="[291,391,1310,1336]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B318012A22B1FAE7" box="[291,391,1310,1336]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(a)).
</emphasis>
small, flat, pentagonal and microsculptured, about 1.2 times as wide as long.
@ -588,7 +589,7 @@ small, flat, pentagonal and microsculptured, about 1.2 times as wide as long.
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B01BF22B1FA7A" bold="true" box="[160,391,1419,1445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B01BF23D2FA7A" bold="true" box="[160,228,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Elytra</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B2CF01BF2263FA7A" box="[244,341,1419,1445]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B2CF01BF2263FA7A" box="[244,341,1419,1445]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(a)).
</emphasis>
convex, widest behind the base, tapering regularly from humeri to apex, 2.0 times as long as wide; basal, transverse depressions obviously not reaching scutellum; humeral callosities small, not projecting beyond elytral outline; elytral apices rounded, with very fine serrations; elytral sculpture almost homogeneous, consisting of fine, dense, simple punctures.
@ -597,14 +598,14 @@ convex, widest behind the base, tapering regularly from humeri to apex, 2.0 time
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B025522E9F9A4" bold="true" box="[160,479,1633,1659]" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F64FF86B29B025523E3F9A4" bold="true" box="[160,213,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B2DE02552264F9A4" box="[229,338,1633,1659]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B2DE02552264F9A4" box="[229,338,1633,1659]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figures 1</figureCitation>
(a, c), 6(b)).
</emphasis>
relatively long and slender. Protibiae weakly bent inwards, inner margin with a row of setae; mesotibiae and metatibiae (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B16702B1208CF941" box="[860,954,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F64FF86B16702B1208CF941" box="[860,954,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="265">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(b)) straight, inner margins with several shallow, preapical, and very fine serrations; outer angles of metacoxae projecting and sharp; tarsomeres 14 with adhesive pads; tarsal claws thin, hook-shaped.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7D66220F65FF87B29B012520C2FABC" pageId="13" pageNumber="266" startId="13.[160,225,1297,1320]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1266]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DF7D66220F65FF87B29B012520C2FABC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765202" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765202/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="266" startId="13.[160,225,1297,1320]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1266]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F65FF87B29B012520C2FABC" blockId="13.[160,1157,1297,1379]" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F65FF87B29B0125223EFAF7" bold="true" box="[160,264,1297,1320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Habitat and the adult host plant of
@ -637,13 +638,13 @@ sp.
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F65FF87B29B02282179F9E9" bold="true" box="[160,591,1564,1590]" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F65FF87B29B0228221AF9E9" bold="true" box="[160,300,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Ventral side</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F65FF87B30002282291F9E9" box="[315,423,1564,1590]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F65FF87B30002282291F9E9" box="[315,423,1564,1590]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figures 1</figureCitation>
(c), 7(a), 8(a)).
</emphasis>
lustrous with widely ocellate sculpture and white setae; prosternal process (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F65FF87B3EA020B2107F987" box="[465,561,1599,1624]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[207,1108,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[207,1108,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Prosternal process in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger (e) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figure 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F65FF87B3EA020B2107F987" box="[465,561,1599,1624]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[207,1108,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@8.[207,1108,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Prosternal process in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger (e) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765196/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figure 7</figureCitation>
(a)) widely expanded behind procoxae and sharply pointed apically (apex angle), with two lateral angles at base of apex angle, the inside angle of two lateral angles greater than the apex angle. Anal ventrite (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F65FF87B18A02B1273AF941" box="[945,1036,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-83@9.[163,1153,142,1169]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (e) male (Figure 2 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figure 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F65FF87B18A02B1273AF941" box="[945,1036,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-83@9.[163,1153,142,1169]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (e) male (Figure 2 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765198/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="266">Figure 8</figureCitation>
(a)) weakly truncate apically, with very fine serrations and a very small notch at the tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F66FF84B29B04BA2138FEEC" blockId="14.[160,1156,142,307]" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">
@ -662,7 +663,7 @@ long, slender, weakly spindle-shaped; apices of parameres sharp and translucent,
: Variation
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B3B0056A22DAFEA7" box="[395,492,350,376]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B3B0056A22DAFEA7" box="[395,492,350,376]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(b, d)).
</emphasis>
length
@ -670,19 +671,19 @@ length
, width
<quantity id="4CFA9B4F0F66FF84B170056B209AFEA7" box="[843,940,351,376]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="14" pageNumber="267" unit="mm" value="2.11">2.11 mm</quantity>
, length/width ratio: 2.83. Vertex (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B31505B622BEFE44" box="[302,392,386,411]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B31505B622BEFE44" box="[302,392,386,411]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(c)), 0.4 times as wide as width of eye; antennae (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B19E05B62736FE44" box="[933,1024,386,411]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B19E05B62736FE44" box="[933,1024,386,411]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765192/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 5</figureCitation>
(d)), shorter, equal to the length of pronotum, reaching mid-length of pronotum when laid alongside; scape long, claviform, 2.7 times as long as wide, pedicel suboval about 1.2 times as long as wide, antennomeres 310 trapezoidal, 0.71.3 times as long as wide, terminal antennomere rounded, as long as wide. Inner margins of eyes not S-shaped, strongly converging towards vertex, but straight along the frons. Pronotum (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B0FE061B2012FD97" box="[709,804,559,584]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B0FE061B2012FD97" box="[709,804,559,584]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(c)), 1.6 times as wide as long; scutellum (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B32306662246FDB4" box="[280,368,594,619]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B32306662246FDB4" box="[280,368,594,619]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(c)), about 1.3 times as wide as long; elytra (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B17E066620AFFDB4" box="[837,921,594,619]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B17E066620AFFDB4" box="[837,921,594,619]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1639,1662]" captionTargetBox="[276,1034,161,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[256,1060,135,1607]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (a, c) holotype, male, 5.18 mm, from Qiongzhong, Hainan; (b, d) allotype, female, 5.98 mm, from Changjiang, Hainan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765182/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 1</figureCitation>
(b)), 2.0 times as long as wide. Elytra overall wider than male, the bright part of elytra metallic green to metallic yellow. Inner margin of mesotibiae with several shallow, preapical and very fine serrations; inner margin of metatibiae (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B3ED068E2104FD0C" box="[470,562,698,723]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B3ED068E2104FD0C" box="[470,562,698,723]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[205,1105,142,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-3@7.[205,1111,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Details of head, pronotum, scutellum and right metatibia in dorsal view.(a, c, e, g, i, k) details of head, pronotum and scutellum; (b, d, f, h, j, l) right metatibia. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, f) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (g, h) female. (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger, 1944: (i, j) male (Figure 2(a,c)), (k, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765194/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 6</figureCitation>
(d)) without serrations. Anal ventrite (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B1F7068E271EFD0C" box="[972,1064,698,723]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-83@9.[163,1153,142,1169]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (e) male (Figure 2 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B1F7068E271EFD0C" box="[972,1064,698,723]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1200,1223]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1166]" captionTargetId="figure-83@9.[163,1153,142,1169]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. Anal ventrites in ventral view. (a, b) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (c, d) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (c) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (d) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (e, f) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (e) male (Figure 2 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765198" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765198/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 8</figureCitation>
(b)) with a small rounded notch at the tip. For the character of ovipositor, see
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B1B706E820D0FD2A" box="[908,998,732,757]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="11.[161,226,1539,1562]" captionText="Figure 9. Male aedeagus and female ovipositors. (a, d, g) whole aedeagus in dorsal view; (b, e, h) disassembled aedeagus (left: tegmen, right: median lobe) in dorsal view; (c, f, i) ovipositors in ventral view. (ac) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, b) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (c) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (df) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (d, e) male (Figure 3 (a, c)), (f) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (gi) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (g, h) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (i) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 9</figureCitation>
(c). Apart from the differences described above, the female adult is similar to the male in other external characters, without obvious sexual dimorphism.
@ -704,7 +705,7 @@ The new species is most similar to
<bibRefCitation id="EF934B5B0F66FF84B10C07BE209EFC7C" author="Bily S" box="[823,936,906,931]" pageId="14" pageNumber="267" pagination="125 - 146" refId="ref5440" refString="Bily S. 1998. A revision of Anthaxia (subgen. Merocratus) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Folia Heyrovskyana. 6: 125 - 146." type="journal article" year="1998">Bílý, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B18007BE272BFC7C" box="[955,1053,906,931]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[296,1044,162,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[270,1044,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý. (a, c) male, 7.47 mm, from Puer, Yunnan; (b, d) female, 7.81 mm from Puer, Yunnan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B18007BE272BFC7C" box="[955,1053,906,931]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[296,1044,162,1591]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[270,1044,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý. (a, c) male, 7.47 mm, from Puer, Yunnan; (b, d) female, 7.81 mm from Puer, Yunnan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765188/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 3</figureCitation>
), but by a combination of external and genital characters (vide key), it can be clearly distinguished from the related species: (1) pronotum with two large black spots, rather than with two smaller black ones in
<emphasis id="B976EAB80F66FF84B09107C6218FFBD4" box="[682,697,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">A</emphasis>
. (
@ -783,7 +784,7 @@ Adults were collected on the flowers of
(
<taxonomicName id="4C024D290F66FF84B62B02B1274BF941" box="[1040,1149,1669,1694]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B29302932224F91F" box="[168,274,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1041,1064]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetId="figure-131@12.[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 10. Habitat and the adult host plant of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, photo by Ms. Ying Yang). (a) Mr. Yu-Chen Zheng is collecting specimens from the flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae) in natural habitat; (b) the leaves and flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae)." pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F66FF84B29302932224F91F" box="[168,274,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="12.[160,225,1041,1064]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetId="figure-131@12.[163,1153,142,1010]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 10. Habitat and the adult host plant of Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n. (Limu Mountain, Qiongzhong, Hainan, photo by Ms. Ying Yang). (a) Mr. Yu-Chen Zheng is collecting specimens from the flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae) in natural habitat; (b) the leaves and flowers of Maclurodendron oligophlebium (Rutaceae)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765200/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="267">Figure 10</figureCitation>
) and a certain of
<taxonomicName id="4C024D290F66FF84B3E202932174F91F" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[473,578,1703,1728]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
trees, during daytime from April to May.
@ -825,9 +826,9 @@ adult for the first time.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36AA0F67FF85B3AE057A20B9FEB7" blockId="15.[160,1157,142,360]" box="[405,911,334,360]" pageId="15" pageNumber="268">
(
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B3A0057A213DFEB7" box="[411,523,334,360]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[265,1042,162,1577]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[244,1070,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) insulaecola, Obenberger (a, c) male, 7.91 mm, from Taitung, Taiwan; (b, d) female, 8.88 mm, from Taitung, Taiwan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="268">Figures 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B3A0057A213DFEB7" box="[411,523,334,360]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[265,1042,162,1577]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[244,1070,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Habitus of Anthaxia (Merocratus) insulaecola, Obenberger (a, c) male, 7.91 mm, from Taitung, Taiwan; (b, d) female, 8.88 mm, from Taitung, Taiwan; (a, b) dorsal view, (c, d) ventral view. Scale = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765184/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="268">Figures 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13392A2F0F67FF85B02D057A211FFEB7" box="[534,553,334,360]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1646,1669]" captionTargetBox="[164,1152,142,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[164,1152,142,1614]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Frontal aspect of head and antennae details.(a, b, e, f, i, j) frontal aspect of head (frontal view); (c, d, g, h, k, l) antennae, dorsal view. (ad) Anthaxia (Merocratus) zhengyucheni Qi &amp; Song, sp. n.: (a, c) holotype, male (Figure 1(a, c)), (b, d) allotype, female (Figure 1(b, d)). (eh) A. (M.) tamdaoensis Bílý: (e, g) male (Figure 3(a, c)), (f, h) female (Figure 3(b, d)). (il) A. (M.) insulaecola, Obenberger: (i, k) male (Figure 2(a, c)), (j, l) female (Figure 2(b, d)). Scale = 0.2 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="268">5</figureCitation>
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(il), 6(il), 7(e, f), 8(e, f), 9(gi))
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,
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PT (
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PT (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC15FFD9FF3FFE4D5615189F" box="[202,332,387,412]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figures 3, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC15FFD9FF3FFE4D5615189F" box="[202,332,387,412]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765101/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figures 3, 4</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="99D4FD43CC15FFD9FE95FE4D56D01898" box="[352,393,387,412]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="61" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
:
@ -325,7 +326,7 @@ W of Donjung
Body length
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(
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC15FFD9FDC0FC6355C91AC5" box="[565,656,941,966]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figure 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC15FFD9FDC0FC6355C91AC5" box="[565,656,941,966]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765101/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figure 1</figureCitation>
). Body elongate, moderately convex, surface black, elytra pale brown with blackish margins, femora and head appendages brown, shiny, setation black and pale. Head and pronotum covered with short, stout, semierect setae mixed with very sparse, long and stout setae; lateral parts of elytra with several long, stout, erect setae, disc of elytra with nearly invisible sparse, short, recumbent, pale setation. Legs and ventral surface with long pale resumbent setae, partially mixed with sparse, short and stout setation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC15FFD9FF35FB5156C91CF3" blockId="4.[160,1156,905,1728]" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Head including clypeus densely and coarsely punctate with short, stout, erect setae mixed with few isolated longer, erect setae near eyes. Clypeus transverse, anterior margin distinctly upturned with rounded angles. Frontoclypeal and occipital carinae absent. Eye canthus broad, short. Eyes rather small, only slightly extended beyond canthus. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club trimerous, distinctly shorter than antennal shaft. Antennomeres 17 with few isolated setae, club sparsely covered with moderately long erect setae. Labrum transverse, lobes rounded, with coarse irregularly spaced punctures bearing long, erect setae. Maxillary palpus tetramerous, terminal palpomere narrow, only slightly expanded laterally, nearly as long as palpomeres 13 combined. Labial palpus trimerous, very short.</paragraph>
@ -335,19 +336,19 @@ Body length
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC14FFD8FF55FE0056B81AF3" blockId="5.[160,1156,462,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC14FFD8FF55FE00561518EB" bold="true" box="[160,332,462,488]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Macropterous.</emphasis>
Legs with femora shiny, irregularly punctate, setaceous; metafemora distinctly enlarged with row of stout, short erect setae on posterior margin; metacoxal plate remarkably enlarged. Protibiae narrow, distinctly bidentate; terminal spur present, slightly curved externally, acute apically, inserted well below the basal tooth. Mesotibiae moderately expanded apically, with a trace of setiferous transversal carina. Mesotibial apical spurs subequal in length, flattened, acute apically. Metatibiae modified, enlarged (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FF5DFD5156481BBB" box="[168,273,671,696]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FF5DFD5156481BBB" box="[168,273,671,696]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 17</figureCitation>
), with only a trace of setiferous transversal carina, ventrally with a conspicous longitudinal groove covered with short, erect setae. Terminal spurs of metatibiae subequal in length, flattened. Protarsomeres moderately broad; protarsomeres 24 about as long as wide, with setaceous pads ventrally; protarsomere 5 elongated, as long as protarsomeres 24 combined, with two rows of short, erect setae ventrally and three conspicous stout, erect setae ventrobasally. Mesotarsomeres 14 distinctly modified, strongly contracted, saucer-shaped, and angularly produced externally, mesotarsomere 5 elongated, stout; all mesotarsomeres with setaceous pads ventrally. Metatarsomeres unmodified, narrow, elongated. Tarsal claws long, stout, symmetrical, subequal in length; protarsal claws cleft apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC14FFD8FF35FC34541D1D5B" blockId="5.[160,1156,462,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Ventral side of thorax and abdominal ventrites 37 covered with moderately long, erect setae. Pygidium large, convex, irregularly coarsely punctate with short, semirecumbent setae. Lateral margins of pygidium distinctly bordered.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC14FFD8FF55FB4356381DCA" blockId="5.[160,1156,1165,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC14FFD8FF55FB43560F1DA4" bold="true" box="[160,342,1165,1191]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Male genitalia.</emphasis>
Parameres symmetrical, covered with moderately long, sparse, erect setae (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FF1FFB7E560A1DCA" box="[234,339,1200,1225]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 14</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FF1FFB7E560A1DCA" box="[234,339,1200,1225]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 14</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC14FFD8FF35FB1D566F1C57" blockId="5.[160,1156,1165,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
Females (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FEC1FB1D56C01DEF" box="[308,409,1235,1260]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FEC1FB1D56C01DEF" box="[308,409,1235,1260]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765101/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 3</figureCitation>
) differ from males in the following characters: body length:
<quantity id="482A9B2FCC14FFD8FF55FB3B561D1C0D" box="[160,324,1269,1294]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.0699999999999998" metricValueMin="1.01" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="10.399999999999999" valueMax="10.7" valueMin="10.1">10.110.7 mm</quantity>
, antennal club slightly shorter, metafemora and metatibiae unmodified, protarsomeres 24 longer than wide, mesotarsomeres 14 much less contracted, about as long as wide.
@ -363,7 +364,7 @@ The males of
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC14FFD8FECDFA6256E11CC6" box="[312,440,1452,1477]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">X. calcarata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from its congeners by the shape of the metatibiae and especially by the presence of terminal spurs on the metatibiae (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FF5DFA3F564D1F09" box="[168,276,1521,1546]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FF5DFA3F564D1F09" box="[168,276,1521,1546]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 17</figureCitation>
). The females differ from both
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC14FFD8FD76FA3F54771F09" authorityName="Moser" authorityYear="1917" box="[643,814,1521,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Dichelomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurseongana">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC14FFD8FD76FA3F54771F09" box="[643,814,1521,1546]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">X. kurseongana</emphasis>
@ -388,7 +389,7 @@ by the almost glabrous disc of the elytra. See also the key for identification b
(new provincial record) (
<bibRefCitation id="EB434B3BCC14FFD8FD91F96955B51FC3" author="Zhang Y-W" box="[612,748,1703,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" pagination="243 - 248" refId="ref8267" refString="Zhang Y-W. 1988. Coleoptera: melolonthidae, Dynastidae. In: Huang F-S, Wang P-Y, Yin W-Y, editors. Insects of Mt. Namjagbarwa region of Xizang. Beijing: Science Press; p. 243 - 248. Chinese." type="book chapter" year="1988">Zhang 1988</bibRefCitation>
; this paper) (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FC74F96954B31FC3" box="[897,1002,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="14.[160,225,858,881]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,142,823]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[163,1153,142,826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 27. Map of distribution of Xenocepasis Arrow, 1920 species based on material examined. Black cross refers to type locality." pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 27</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC14FFD8FC74F96954B31FC3" box="[897,1002,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="14.[160,225,858,881]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,142,823]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[163,1153,142,826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 27. Map of distribution of Xenocepasis Arrow, 1920 species based on material examined. Black cross refers to type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765111/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Figure 27</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>

View file

@ -1,64 +1,65 @@
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@ -76,13 +77,13 @@
<subSubSection id="C7C86541CC1BFFD7FE5BFF76542C19D0" box="[430,885,184,211]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1BFFD7FE5BFF76542C19D0" blockId="10.[430,885,184,211]" box="[430,885,184,211]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
(
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FE43FF76553F19D0" box="[438,614,184,211]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figures 1013</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FE43FF76553F19D0" box="[438,614,184,211]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765105/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figures 1013</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FD84FF7655E719D0" box="[625,702,184,211]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="67">16, 19</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FD84FF7655E719D0" box="[625,702,184,211]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">16, 19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FD3FFF76541D19D0" box="[714,836,184,211]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." pageId="10" pageNumber="67">22, 24, 26</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FD3FFF76541D19D0" box="[714,836,184,211]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765109/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">22, 24, 26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FCBAFF76543419D0" box="[847,877,184,211]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="14.[160,225,858,881]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,142,823]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[163,1153,142,826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 27. Map of distribution of Xenocepasis Arrow, 1920 species based on material examined. Black cross refers to type locality." pageId="10" pageNumber="67">27</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FCBAFF76543419D0" box="[847,877,184,211]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="14.[160,225,858,881]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,142,823]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[163,1153,142,826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 27. Map of distribution of Xenocepasis Arrow, 1920 species based on material examined. Black cross refers to type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765111/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">27</figureCitation>
)
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@ -97,7 +98,7 @@
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, 248,
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<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FCFFFF2054D51804" box="[778,908,238,263]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765101/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figures 1, 2</figureCitation>
(primary description);
<treatmentCitation id="0E7310DBCC1BFFD7FF55FEDF56321829" author="Wada K" box="[160,363,273,298]" page="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" year="2013">
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@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ material examined
)
</emphasis>
: HT (
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<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FE7CFDB5557C1B97" box="[393,549,635,660]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765105/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figures 10, 11</figureCitation>
),
<specimenCount id="99D4FD43CC1BFFD7FDCFFDB555171B91" box="[570,590,635,658]" count="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="male"></specimenCount>
, labelled:
@ -194,7 +195,7 @@ material examined
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1BFFD7FF55FCF556C11A57" blockId="10.[160,408,827,852]" box="[160,408,827,852]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
AT (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FF38FCF556301A57" box="[205,361,827,852]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figures 12, 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1BFFD7FF38FCF556301A57" box="[205,361,827,852]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765105/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Figures 12, 13</figureCitation>
),
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:
@ -287,7 +288,7 @@ PT,
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[yellow label, p];
</paragraph>
<caption id="DBAD6642CC1AFFD6FF55F987563B1F98" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" startId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" targetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<caption id="DBAD6642CC1AFFD6FF55F987563B1F98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765105/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" startId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" targetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1AFFD6FF55F987563B1F98" blockId="11.[160,1156,1609,1691]" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC1AFFD6FF55F98756601F63" bold="true" box="[160,313,1609,1632]" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">Figures 1013.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC1AFFD6FEB7F98755831F63" authority="Zhang, 1988" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1988" box="[322,730,1609,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimacularia">
@ -297,7 +298,7 @@ PT,
. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1DFFD1FF55F9C355FD1F5D" blockId="12.[160,1156,1549,1630]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC1DFFD1FF55F9C356601F27" bold="true" box="[160,313,1549,1572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">Figures 1419.</emphasis>
Paramere in lateral view (14
@ -329,7 +330,7 @@ Paramere in lateral view (14
. Not to scale.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DBAD6642CC1CFFD0FF55F9BC53451E18" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" startId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" targetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1CFFD0FF55F9BC53451E18" blockId="13.[160,1156,1650,1819]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC1CFFD0FF55F9BC566C1F8A" bold="true" box="[160,309,1650,1673]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">Figures 2026.</emphasis>
Morphology of
@ -366,7 +367,7 @@ spp. (20, 2226). (20)
, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1FFFD3FF55FC9456E81A8D" blockId="14.[160,1155,858,910]" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC1FFFD3FF55FC94565E1A72" bold="true" box="[160,263,858,881]" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Figure 27.</emphasis>
Map of distribution of
@ -538,7 +539,7 @@ m
Body length
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(
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1EFFD2FDD9FF7C55CF19C8" box="[556,662,178,203]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="15" pageNumber="72">Figure 10</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1EFFD2FDD9FF7C55CF19C8" box="[556,662,178,203]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765105/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">Figure 10</figureCitation>
). Body elongate, moderately convex, dorsal surface brown; ventral surface blackish brown; all femora and tibiae brown with darkened basal and apical parts; head appendages brown; shiny, setation black and pale. Head covered with short, stout, semierect setae; surface of pronotum with short, recumbent, pale setae mixed with few extremely long, erect black setae and with longitudinal stripe of recumbent, pale scale-like setae in the middle. Elytra irregularly covered with semierect, pale setae and several patches of pale, scale-like setae, lateral parts of elytra with several very long, stout, erect setae. Legs and ventral surface with long, pale, resumbent setae, partially mixed with sparse, short and stout setation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1EFFD2FF35FE2453641A1B" blockId="15.[160,1157,142,1312]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">Head including clypeus densely and coarsely punctate with short, semierect setae. Clypeus transverse, anterior margin distinctly upturned with rounded angles. Frontoclypeal and occipital carinae absent. Eye canthus broad, short. Eyes rather small, only slightly extended beyond canthus laterally. Antenna with 10 antennomeres, club trimerous, distinctly shorter than antennal shaft. Antennomeres 17 with few isolated setae, club sparsely covered with moderately long, erect setae. Labrum transverse, lobes rounded, with coarse irreglarly spaced punctures bearing long erect setae. Maxillary palpus tetramerous, terminal palpomere narrow, only slightly expanded laterally, nearly as long as palpomeres 13 combined. Labial palpus trimerous, considerably short.</paragraph>
@ -550,7 +551,7 @@ Body length
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC1EFFCDFF55FAA156AA1831" blockId="15.[160,1157,1356,1728]" lastBlockId="16.[160,1157,142,410]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
Legs with femora shiny, irregularly punctate, setaceous; metafemora distinctly enlarged, with row of stout short erect setae on posterior margin; metacoxal plate remarkably enlarged. Protibiae narrow, distinctly bidentate; terminal spur absent. Mesotibiae slightly expanded apically, with weak trace of transversal carina. Mesotibial apical spurs short, subequal in length, flattened, acute apically. Metatibiae modified, considerably enlarged apically, beak-like (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1EFFD2FC4EF9D3536B1F35" box="[955,1074,1565,1590]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="15" pageNumber="72">Figure 19</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC1EFFD2FC4EF9D3536B1F35" box="[955,1074,1565,1590]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">Figure 19</figureCitation>
), with weak trace of transversal carina, ventrally with depressed, elongated area covered with short, erect setae. Terminal spurs of metatibiae absent. Protarsomeres moderately broad; protarsomeres 24 about as long as wide, with setaceous pads ventrally; protarsomere 5 elongated, nearly as long as protarsomeres 24 combined, with two rows of short erect setae ventrally and two conspicous, stout, erect setae ventrobasally. Mesotarsomeres 14 distinctly modified, strongly contracted, saucer-shaped, with setaceous pads ventrally, mesotarsomere 5 elongated, stout. Metatarsomeres unmodified, narrow, elongated. Tarsal claws long, stout, symmetrical, equal in length; protarsal claws cleft apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC01FFCDFF35FEF253671899" blockId="16.[160,1157,142,410]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Ventral side of thorax and abdominal ventrites 37 covered with moderately long erect setae. Pygidium large, convex, irregularly coarsely punctate, with short semirecumbent setae mixed with scale-like setae. Lateral margins of pygidium distinctly bordered.</paragraph>
@ -559,12 +560,12 @@ Legs with femora shiny, irregularly punctate, setaceous; metafemora distinctly e
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC01FFCDFF55FE23533E1B05" blockId="16.[160,1156,458,657]" box="[160,1127,493,518]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
Parameres symmetrical, covered with moderately long, sparse, erect setae (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFC05FE2353031B05" box="[1008,1114,493,518]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 16</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFC05FE2353031B05" box="[1008,1114,493,518]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 16</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC01FFCDFF35FDDE54961B92" blockId="16.[160,1156,458,657]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
Females (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFEC7FDDE56F41B2A" box="[306,429,528,553]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figures 12</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFEC7FDDE56F41B2A" box="[306,429,528,553]" captionStart="Figures 1013" captionStartId="11.[160,235,1609,1632]" captionTargetBox="[192,1153,149,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-3@11.[163,1153,142,1577]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figures 1013. Xenoceraspis longimacularia Zhang, 1988. (10) Holotype, male, dorsal view (length: 9.1 mm); (11) associated labels; (12) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 8.2 mm); (13) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765105" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765105/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figures 12</figureCitation>
) differ from males in the following characters: body length:
<quantity id="482A9B2FCC01FFCDFF55FDFD566D1B4F" box="[160,308,563,588]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.55" metricValueMax="10.9" metricValueMin="8.2" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="9.55" valueMax="10.9" valueMin="8.2">8.210.9 mm</quantity>
, antennal club slightly shorter, pronotum covered with dense, moderately long, erect setae, metafemora and metatibiae unmodified, protarsomeres 24 longer than wide, mesotarsomeres 14 much less contracted, about as long as wide.
@ -588,7 +589,7 @@ by the absence of spurs on the metatibiae and from
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC01FFCDFE7CFCC955761A23" box="[393,559,775,800]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">X. kurseongana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the considerably enlarged and clearly beak-like tip of the metatibiae (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFE9AFCE7568E1A41" box="[367,471,809,834]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 19</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFE9AFCE7568E1A41" box="[367,471,809,834]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 19</figureCitation>
). The females of
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC01FFCDFD63FCE7540D1A41" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1988" box="[662,852,809,834]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimacularia">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC01FFCDFD63FCE7540D1A41" box="[662,852,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">X. longimacularia</emphasis>
@ -598,7 +599,7 @@ are very similar to those of
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC01FFCDFF55FC8256121A66" box="[160,331,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">X. kurseongana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, they can be recognised by the shape of the lateral part of the elytra (compare
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFEE7FCA156821A8B" box="[274,475,879,904]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figures 23 and 24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFEE7FCA156821A8B" box="[274,475,879,904]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765109/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figures 23 and 24</figureCitation>
). See also the key for identification below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -621,7 +622,7 @@ south of McMahon Line (
;
<bibRefCitation id="EB434B3BCC01FFCDFCB2FC3053271D14" author="Kobayashi H &amp; Fujioka M" box="[839,1150,1022,1047]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" refId="ref7875" refString="Kobayashi H, Fujioka M. 2015. New distribution of Xenoceraspis longimacularis Zhang. Saikaku-Tsushin. 31. unpaginated back cover. Japanese." type="journal volume" year="2015">Kobayashi and Fujioka 2015</bibRefCitation>
; this paper) (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFEDDFBEE56C81D3A" box="[296,401,1056,1081]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="14.[160,225,858,881]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,142,823]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[163,1153,142,826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 27. Map of distribution of Xenocepasis Arrow, 1920 species based on material examined. Black cross refers to type locality." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 27</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFEDDFBEE56C81D3A" box="[296,401,1056,1081]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="14.[160,225,858,881]" captionTargetBox="[163,1151,142,823]" captionTargetId="figure-200@14.[163,1153,142,826]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 27. Map of distribution of Xenocepasis Arrow, 1920 species based on material examined. Black cross refers to type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765111" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765111/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 27</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -675,7 +676,7 @@ species
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC01FFCDFF55F9C453DA1F20" blockId="16.[160,1155,1546,1606]" box="[160,1155,1546,1571]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead id="342395FFCC01FFCDFF55F9C453DA1F20" box="[160,1155,1546,1571]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
2 terminal spurs of metatibiae present (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFD7BF9C455AE1F20" box="[654,759,1546,1571]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 17</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFD7BF9C455AE1F20" box="[654,759,1546,1571]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 17</figureCitation>
) males of..........................
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC01FFCDFBF6F9C453DA1F20" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1988" box="[1027,1155,1546,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC01FFCDFBF6F9C453DA1F20" box="[1027,1155,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">X. calcarata</emphasis>
@ -690,7 +691,7 @@ species
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC01FFCDFF55F9AC53DA1F9D" blockId="16.[160,1155,1634,1728]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead id="342395FFCC01FFCDFF55F9AC53DA1F9D" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
3 apex of metatibiae considerably enlarged, beak-like (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFCCCF9AC54F41F78" box="[825,941,1634,1659]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figures 19</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFCCCF9AC54F41F78" box="[825,941,1634,1659]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figures 19</figureCitation>
) males of.................. .......................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC01FFCDFC30F94B53DA1F9D" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1988" box="[965,1155,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longimacularia">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC01FFCDFC30F94B53DA1F9D" box="[965,1155,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">X. longimacularia</emphasis>
@ -700,7 +701,7 @@ species
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC01FFCDFF55F96953DA1FC3" blockId="16.[160,1155,1634,1728]" box="[160,1155,1703,1728]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead id="342395FFCC01FFCDFF55F96953DA1FC3" box="[160,1155,1703,1728]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
apex of metatibiae moderately enlarged (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFD51F96954571FC3" box="[676,782,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 18</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC01FFCDFD51F96954571FC3" box="[676,782,1703,1728]" captionStart="Figures 1419" captionStartId="12.[160,235,1549,1572]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-3@12.[163,1153,142,1517]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figures 1419. Paramere in lateral view (1416) and male left metatibia in dorsal view (1719) of Xenoceraspis Arrow, 1920. (14, 17) X. calcarata Zhang, 1988, p. (15, 18) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917); (16, 19) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765107/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Figure 18</figureCitation>
) males of....... .......
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC01FFCDFC2EF96953DA1FC3" ID-CoL="5C9MQ" baseAuthorityName="Moser" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[987,1155,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurseongana">
<emphasis id="BDA6EAD8CC01FFCDFC2EF96953DA1FC3" box="[987,1155,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">X. kurseongana</emphasis>
@ -712,7 +713,7 @@ species
<paragraph id="8F6D36CACC00FFCCFF55FF4053DA19C9" blockId="17.[160,1155,142,236]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead id="342395FFCC00FFCCFF55FF4053DA19C9" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
4 disc of elytra covered with sparse, minute, nearly invisible setae (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFC5FFF40535D19A4" box="[938,1028,142,167]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFC5FFF40535D19A4" box="[938,1028,142,167]" captionStart="Figures 14" captionStartId="3.[160,235,1546,1569]" captionTargetBox="[264,1058,154,1514]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[258,1058,142,1514]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 14. Xenoceraspis calcarata Zhang, 1988. (1) Paratype, male, dorsal view (length: 10.8 mm); (2) associated labels; (3) paratype, female, dorsal view (length: 10.4 mm); (4) associated labels. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765101/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 3</figureCitation>
) females of ..................................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC00FFCCFBF6FF7F53DA19C9" authorityName="Zhang" authorityYear="1988" box="[1027,1155,177,202]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calcarata">
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@ -727,9 +728,9 @@ species
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5 elytra distinctly expanded laterally just in front of metacoxa (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFC69FEC7535F1821" box="[924,1030,265,290]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 24</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFC69FEC7535F1821" box="[924,1030,265,290]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 24</figureCitation>
), with well visible sinuosity from lateral view (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFDA0FEE555E61847" box="[597,703,299,324]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 26</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFDA0FEE555E61847" box="[597,703,299,324]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 26</figureCitation>
) females of.......... ..........
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@ -739,9 +740,9 @@ species
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elytra only weakly expanded laterally just in front of metacoxa (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFC78FE8054AD1864" box="[909,1012,334,359]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 23</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFC78FE8054AD1864" box="[909,1012,334,359]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 23</figureCitation>
), with nearly no sinuosity from the lateral view (
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFDACFEBF559B1889" box="[601,706,369,394]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 25</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="17E92A4FCC00FFCCFDACFEBF559B1889" box="[601,706,369,394]" captionStart="Figures 2026" captionStartId="13.[160,235,1650,1673]" captionTargetBox="[176,1153,171,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-3@13.[163,1153,142,1618]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figures 2026. Morphology of Dichelomorpha ochracea Burmeister,1855 (21) and Xenocerapsis spp. (20, 2226). (20) X. kurseongana (Moser, 1917), protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (21) D. ochracea, protarsomere 5 and claw, lateral view; (22) X. longimacularia Zhang, 1988, connection between pronotum and elytra; (23, 25) X. kurseongana, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views; (24, 26) X. longimacularia, female, detail of lateral part of elytra in dorsal and lateral views. Not to scale. Black arrows indicate presence/absence of thick ventrobasal setae on protarsomere 5." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765109/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">Figure 25</figureCitation>
) females of............ ............
<taxonomicName id="48D24D49CC00FFCCFC2EFEBF53DA1889" ID-CoL="5C9MQ" baseAuthorityName="Moser" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[987,1155,369,394]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Xenoceraspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurseongana">
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View file

@ -1,41 +1,43 @@
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species by original designation:
@ -65,8 +71,10 @@ species by original designation:
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@ -91,7 +99,7 @@ species by original designation:
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@ -103,6 +111,8 @@ Key to genera within
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loc.: Simonstown [Macgillivray]).
loc.: Simonstown [Macgillivray]).
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@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ Recif, Algoa Bay [Craven]).
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<mods:number id="BF2322A74BBE548983C925C3C820BD33">2019-10-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="5D0CA1194840B0DD16BE96C1A9984B25">569</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CF197EB0DD1C239571632A425124ED90">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3EBD42799DC22903CFA54C82A8672176">92</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="7D87998A2F10ECA0A7CA664E9C72DEC7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BBA26827C42E0CBE59677DEAD1BA39D7" type="CLB-Dataset">25155</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3EA782185B5E916B9ED063281D28516E" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2019.569</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F2077846DCCD93D8DFD1A9F268C8790" type="GBIF-Dataset">ee4333ce-4fde-4a61-85e9-effa3d1b5999</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D46F0063690AEE1B2A225847F091ECEC" type="Zenodo-Dep">3517522</mods:identifier>
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<mods:classification id="91E490E6D7C1DE2EF0AE7AF40B703BB4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B3911B43DE46EDC37FADD9D29109C5EC" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2019.569</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D1E92DE081A9AFCED6392A2BCEBAB226" type="GBIF-Dataset">ee4333ce-4fde-4a61-85e9-effa3d1b5999</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="900F4F20B319F9FBFEAD50AAA0092382" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6DC9F663272D10AD640989B647AE3098" type="Zenodo-Dep">3517522</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8D3E31A6B50A02E34A9D6685A0784F0A" type="ZooBank">79BE13FC-B840-4C39-8D25-3328BDCC44D2</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159834420" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2C3567A2-1004-4E9B-9452-C6E657323E18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED567FFFFFDB4ABEAFB19D001" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
<treatment id="101687E3D567FFF2FDB4ABEAFCD1D4FC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159834420" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2C3567A2-1004-4E9B-9452-C6E657323E18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/101687E3D567FFF2FDB4ABEAFCD1D4FC" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" scope_family="Cyclophoridae" scope_order="Architaenioglossa" scope_phylum="Mollusca" scope_subClass="Caenogastropoda">
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED567FFFFFDB4ABEAFC44D1E6" box="[589,999,726,753]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFDB4ABEAFC44D1E6" blockId="55.[377,1210,726,828]" box="[589,999,726,753]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<heading id="C3488199D567FFFFFDB4ABEAFC44D1E6" box="[589,999,726,753]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D567FFFFFDB4ABEAFC26D1E6" ID-CoL="7QNT3" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[589,901,726,753]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kevincolei" status="sp. nov.">
@ -45,14 +47,14 @@
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD567FFFFFC75ABEBFC44D1E6" box="[908,999,727,753]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED567FFFFFE80ABC7FC27D02C" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFE80ABC7FB19D001" blockId="55.[377,1210,726,828]" box="[377,1210,763,790]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<uri id="EC2E3AF7D567FFFFFE80ABC7FB19D001" box="[377,1210,763,790]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="EC190C20D567FFFFFD60ABC7FB19D001" box="[665,1210,763,790]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">2C3567A2-1004-4E9B-9452-C6E657323E18</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED567FFFFFD56AA1DFC27D02C" box="[687,900,801,828]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFD56AA1DFC27D02C" blockId="55.[377,1210,726,828]" box="[687,900,801,828]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<figureCitation id="00842A70D567FFFFFD56AA1DFD5AD02B" box="[687,761,801,828]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[226,1356,1106,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[189,1398,1077,1932]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 5. Distribution map of the two major clades in the Western Cape province, the Southwestern Cape clade (purple) and the Overberg clade (orange). T indicates type localities." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517532/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Figs 5</figureCitation>
,
@ -96,24 +98,19 @@ PQ, 26
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFF44AC15FE4FD655" bold="true" box="[189,492,1320,1347]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Type material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFF13AC66FEFFD663" blockId="55.[189,1398,1370,1509]" box="[234,348,1370,1396]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFF13AC66FB09D6F3" blockId="55.[189,1398,1370,1509]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF13AC66FB09D6F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446717346" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="M. and K. Cole" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="W9270/T3073" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFF13AC66FEFFD663" bold="true" box="[234,348,1370,1396]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="47048857D567FFFFFF13AC66FEFFD663" box="[234,348,1370,1396]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFF44AC43FB09D6F3" blockId="55.[189,1398,1370,1509]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF44AC43FB09D6F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2446717346" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="M. and K. Cole" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Milkwood Forest with large trees including Sideroxylon inerme Linne and Celtis africana" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="W9270/T3073" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D567FFFFFF44AC43FE2ED68E" box="[189,397,1407,1433]" name="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFE51AC43FDF4D68E" bold="true" box="[424,599,1407,1433]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D567FFFFFE51AC43FDF4D68E" box="[424,599,1407,1433]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFDA4ACBCFDC5D68E" box="[605,614,1408,1433]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56"></emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD567FFFFFD94AC43FC62D68E" box="[621,961,1407,1434]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Platbos Forest near Gansbaai</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D567FFFFFC32ACBCFBCED68E" box="[971,1133,1407,1434]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="9D60602ED567FFFFFB8AAC43FC6CD6A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED567FFFFFB8AAC43FC6CD6A8" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" name="Milkwood Forest with large trees including Sideroxylon inerme Linne and Celtis africana" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Western Cape">
Milkwood Forest with large trees including
<location id="9D60602ED567FFFFFD94AC43FA9FD68D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF2FDB4ABEAFCD1D4FC:9D60602ED567FFFFFD94AC43FA9FD68D" box="[621,1340,1407,1434]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" name="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Western Cape">Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest</location>
with large trees including
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D567FFFFFE4CAC99FD46D6A9" authority="Linne" authorityName="Linne" authorityYear="1753" box="[437,741,1444,1471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inerme">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFE4CAC99FD3AD6A9" box="[437,665,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Sideroxylon inerme</emphasis>
Linne
@ -122,10 +119,7 @@ and
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D567FFFFFCE6AC99FC6CD6A8" authority="N. L. Burm" authorityName="N. L. Burm" box="[799,975,1445,1471]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFCE6AC99FC6CD6A8" box="[799,975,1445,1471]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Celtis africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</location>
N.L.
<location id="9D60602ED567FFFFFBF0AC99FBF0D6A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED567FFFFFBF0AC99FBF0D6A8" box="[1033,1107,1445,1471]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" name="Burm" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Western Cape">Burm</location>
;
N.L.Burm;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFBA6AC98FB43D6A8" box="[1119,1248,1444,1471]" degrees="34.5671" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="-34.5671">34.5671°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFB17AC98FAD2D6A8" box="[1262,1393,1444,1471]" degrees="19.4495" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="19.4495">19.4495°E</geoCoordinate>
@ -145,213 +139,130 @@ leg.;
PQ)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFFFFF13AF32FEC4D53F" blockId="55.[189,1399,1550,2027]" box="[234,359,1550,1576]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFF0FF13AF32FC48D2FD" blockId="55.[189,1399,1550,2027]" lastBlockId="56.[189,1399,267,490]" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF13AF32FF48D563" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182794" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. and K. Cole" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Western Cape" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM D18004" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFF13AF32FEC4D53F" bold="true" box="[234,359,1550,1576]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<typeStatus id="47048857D567FFFFFF13AF32FEC4D53F" box="[234,359,1550,1576]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D567FFF0FF44AF08FC48D2FD" blockId="55.[189,1399,1550,2027]" lastBlockId="56.[189,1399,267,490]" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF44AF08FF48D563" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182794" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D567FFFFFF44AF08FE2DD559" box="[189,398,1588,1614]" name="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFF44AF08FEBDD559" box="[189,286,1588,1614]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">SOUTH</collectionCode>
AFRICA
</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D567FFFFFF44AF08FE2DD559" box="[189,398,1588,1614]" name="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFE57AF08FDFCD55A" bold="true" box="[430,607,1587,1614]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D567FFFFFE57AF08FDFCD55A" box="[430,607,1587,1614]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D567FFFFFD91AF08FDD7D55A" box="[616,628,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56"></emphasis>
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFD82AF08FCA0D55A" box="[635,771,1587,1614]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFD82AF08FCA0D55A" box="[635,771,1587,1614]" count="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB32AF08FAABD559" box="[1227,1288,1588,1614]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
D18004/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFF44AF65FF6CD563" box="[189,207,1625,1652]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
85
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFB32AF08FACED559" box="[1227,1389,1588,1614]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM D18004</specimenCode>
/ T85
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFEF4AF65FBF5D564" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182884" box="[269,1110,1625,1652]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="W3898" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFEF4AF65FE06D564" box="[269,421,1625,1651]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFEF4AF65FBF5D564" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182884" box="[269,1110,1625,1652]" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. and K. Cole" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM W3898" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFEF4AF65FE06D564" box="[269,421,1625,1651]" count="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC79AF66FC1ED563" box="[896,957,1626,1652]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFC30AF65FBBCD564" box="[969,1055,1625,1651]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC30AF65FC46D564" box="[969,997,1625,1651]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
3898
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFBD1AF65FB99D564" box="[1064,1082,1625,1651]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
86
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFC79AF66FBBCD564" box="[896,1055,1625,1652]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM W3898</specimenCode>
/T86
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFB8EAF65FE79D5A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182819" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="327" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFB8EAF65FA88D564" box="[1143,1323,1625,1651]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">327 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFB8EAF65FE79D5A9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182819" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; D-J Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM D16921" specimenCount="327" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFB8EAF65FA88D564" box="[1143,1323,1625,1651]" count="327" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">327 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="EC011035D567FFFFFDA8AF43FD4AD58E" box="[593,745,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2009-09-09">
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD567FFFFFDA8AF43FD4AD58E" box="[593,745,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2009-09-09">
9 Sep.
<date id="EC011035D567FFFFFD52AF43FD4AD58E" box="[683,745,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2009" year="2009">2009</date>
</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD567FFFFFDA8AF43FD4AD58E" box="[593,745,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2009-09-09">9 Sep. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFD03AF43FCC2D58E" box="[762,865,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFD03AF43FCB4D58E" box="[762,791,1663,1689]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung M<>nchen" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Cole
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFD03AF43FCC2D58E" box="[762,865,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">M. Cole</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC88AF43FC77D58E" box="[881,980,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC88AF43FC2AD58E" box="[881,905,1663,1689]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K</collectionCode>
. Cole
</collectorName>
, D-J
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFBE2AF43FB0AD58E" box="[1051,1193,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Hodgkinson</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC88AF43FC77D58E" box="[881,980,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">K. Cole</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC1DAF43FB0AD58E" box="[996,1193,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">D-J Hodgkinson</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFB13AF43FAD4D58E" box="[1258,1399,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB13AF43FB5ED58E" box="[1258,1277,1663,1689]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
. Pretorius
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFB13AF43FAD4D58E" box="[1258,1399,1663,1689]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T. Pretorius</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFF02AF99FE9BD5A8" box="[251,312,1701,1727]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
D16921/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFE55AF98FE1DD5A9" box="[428,446,1700,1726]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
81
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFF02AF99FE00D5A9" box="[251,419,1700,1727]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM D16921</specimenCode>
/T81
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFE02AF98FAC3D5A8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182829" box="[507,1376,1700,1727]" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="W3615" specimenCount="90" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFE02AF98FD02D5A9" box="[507,673,1700,1726]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">90 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFE02AF98FAC3D5A8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182829" box="[507,1376,1700,1727]" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM W3615" specimenCount="90" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFE02AF98FD02D5A9" box="[507,673,1700,1726]" count="90" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">90 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB72AF99FB6BD5A8" box="[1163,1224,1701,1727]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFB2DAF98FA89D5A8" box="[1236,1322,1700,1727]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB2DAF98FB53D5A8" box="[1236,1264,1700,1727]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
3615
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFACAAF98FAE6D5A8" box="[1331,1349,1700,1727]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
82
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFB72AF99FA89D5A8" box="[1163,1322,1700,1727]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM W3615</specimenCode>
/T82
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF44AFF6FBA0D5F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182933" box="[189,1027,1738,1764]" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="NHMUK 20120282" specimenCount="20" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFF44AFF6FEFED5F3" box="[189,349,1738,1764]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF44AFF6FBA0D5F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182933" box="[189,1027,1738,1764]" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="NHMUK" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="NHMUK 20120282" specimenCount="20" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFF44AFF6FEFED5F3" box="[189,349,1738,1764]" count="20" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">20 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFCE5AFF6FBA0D5F3" box="[796,1027,1738,1764]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">NHMUK 20120282</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFBE0AFF6FD6CD41D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182889" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="P0598" specimenCount="23" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFBE0AFF6FB1AD5F3" box="[1049,1209,1738,1764]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">23 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFBE0AFF6FD6CD41D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182889" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="NMSA P0598" specimenCount="23" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFBE0AFF6FB1AD5F3" box="[1049,1209,1738,1764]" count="23" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">23 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFE2BAFD3FD86D41E" box="[466,549,1775,1801]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFDC8AFD3FDD8D41D" box="[561,635,1775,1802]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFDC8AFD3FDE2D41D" box="[561,577,1775,1802]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
0598
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFD7DAFD3FD35D41D" box="[644,662,1775,1802]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
4121
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFE2BAFD3FDD8D41D" box="[466,635,1775,1802]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">NMSA P0598</specimenCode>
/T4121
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFD08AFD3FE41D427" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182860" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="NMW" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="18" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFD08AFD3FC34D41E" box="[753,919,1775,1801]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFD08AFD3FE41D427" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182860" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="NMW" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="NMW.Z.2012.065.00010" specimenCount="18" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFD08AFD3FC34D41E" box="[753,919,1775,1801]" count="18" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFF44AE29FEAAD427" box="[189,265,1813,1840]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">NMW</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFEF5AE29FEBDD427" box="[268,286,1813,1840]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e6hc-1y8v" name="Universit<69>t Z<>rich" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">Z</collectionCode>
.2012.065.00010
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFF44AE29FE41D427" box="[189,482,1813,1840]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">NMW.Z.2012.065.00010</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFE02AE29FAC6D427" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182740" box="[507,1381,1813,1840]" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="15" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFE02AE29FD3FD438" box="[507,668,1813,1840]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFE02AE29FAC6D427" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182740" box="[507,1381,1813,1840]" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2009-09-09" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; K. Cole &amp; Hodgkinson &amp; T. Pretorius" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="RMNH MOL.330503" specimenCount="15" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFE02AE29FD3FD438" box="[507,668,1813,1840]" count="15" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB9EAE29FB1DD438" box="[1127,1214,1813,1839]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
MOL.330503
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFB9EAE29FAC6D427" box="[1127,1381,1813,1840]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">RMNH MOL.330503</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF44AE07FE30D46D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182883" collectingDate="2012-04-18" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; D. Herbert &amp; L. Davis" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="47" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFF44AE07FEFED443" box="[189,349,1850,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">47 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFF44AE07FE30D46D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182883" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2012-04-18" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; D. Herbert &amp; L. Davis" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM D16998" specimenCount="47" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFF44AE07FEFED443" box="[189,349,1850,1877]" count="47" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">47 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<date id="EC011035D567FFFFFCE4AE07FC16D442" box="[797,949,1851,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2012-04-18">
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD567FFFFFCE4AE07FC16D442" box="[797,949,1851,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2012-04-18">18 Apr. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC46AE07FB83D443" box="[959,1056,1850,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC46AE07FC7FD442" box="[959,988,1851,1877]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung M<>nchen" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Cole
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC46AE07FB83D443" box="[959,1056,1850,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">M. Cole</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFBD3AE07FB05D443" box="[1066,1190,1850,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">D. Herbert</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFB22AE07FA9DD443" box="[1243,1342,1850,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB22AE07FB53D442" box="[1243,1264,1851,1877]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. Davis
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFB22AE07FA9DD443" box="[1243,1342,1850,1877]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">L. Davis</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFF44AE5DFF59D46C" box="[189,250,1889,1915]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
D16998/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFE9FAE5CFEDBD46D" box="[358,376,1888,1914]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
83
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFF44AE5DFEFED46D" box="[189,349,1888,1915]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM D16998</specimenCode>
/T83
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFE51AE5CFB63D46C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182800" box="[424,1216,1888,1915]" collectingDate="2012-04-18" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; D. Herbert &amp; L. Davis" country="South Africa" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="W3659" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFE51AE5CFD9BD46D" box="[424,568,1888,1915]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFE51AE5CFB63D46C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182800" box="[424,1216,1888,1915]" collectedFrom="in leaf litter" collectingDate="2012-04-18" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole &amp; D. Herbert &amp; L. Davis" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5671" location="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai, Western Cape Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4495" municipality="Platbos Forest near Gansbaai" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM W3659" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFE51AE5CFD9BD46D" box="[424,568,1888,1915]" count="5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC08AE5DFB8DD46C" box="[1009,1070,1889,1915]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFBCAAE5CFB2AD46C" box="[1075,1161,1888,1915]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFBCAAE5CFBECD46C" box="[1075,1103,1888,1915]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
3659
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB6BAE5CFB00D46C" box="[1170,1187,1888,1915]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
84
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFC08AE5DFB2AD46C" box="[1009,1161,1888,1915]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM W3659</specimenCode>
/T84
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFB2AAE5CFD9DD4D1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182801" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="Transvaal Museum" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.545" location="Elim Rd" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9614" municipality="Bredasdorp" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="W575" specimenCount="27" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFB2AAE5CFAD1D46D" box="[1235,1394,1888,1914]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">27 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFB2AAE5CFD9DD4D1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182801" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="Transvaal Museum" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.545" location="Bredasdorp" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9614" municipality="Bredasdorp" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="NMSA W575" specimenCount="27" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFB2AAE5CFAD1D46D" box="[1235,1394,1888,1914]" count="27" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">27 specimens</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD567FFFFFF44AEB9FEE5D488" box="[189,326,1925,1951]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Bredasdorp</collectingMunicipality>
, about
<quantity id="5F479B10D567FFFFFE63AEB9FE4CD488" box="[410,495,1925,1952]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 miles</quantity>
to SW, on
<location id="9D60602ED567FFFFFD8BAEB9FD74D488" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED567FFFFFD8BAEB9FD74D488" box="[626,727,1925,1951]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.545" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9614" municipality="Bredasdorp" name="Elim Rd" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Western Cape">Elim Rd</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFD1DAEB9FCC0D4B7" box="[740,867,1925,1952]" degrees="34.5450" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="-34.545">
34.5450°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFCA8AEBAFCC0D4B7" box="[849,867,1926,1952]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
to SW, on Elim Rd;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFD1DAEB9FCC0D4B7" box="[740,867,1925,1952]" degrees="34.5450" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="-34.545">34.5450°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFC88AEB9FC50D4B7" box="[881,1011,1925,1952]" degrees="19.9614" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="19.9614">
19.9614°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC27AEBAFC50D4B7" box="[990,1011,1926,1952]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">E</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
; ex
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFBDBAEB9FAA6D4B7" box="[1058,1285,1925,1952]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Transvaal Museum</collectorName>
; dry bush on hillside;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFEB0AE97FE3FD4D2" box="[329,412,1963,1989]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFE5DAE97FE49D4D1" box="[420,490,1963,1990]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Museum">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFE5DAE97FE63D4D1" box="[420,448,1963,1990]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
575
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFE0AAE97FDA7D4D1" box="[499,516,1963,1990]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
4123
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFC88AEB9FC50D4B7" box="[881,1011,1925,1952]" degrees="19.9614" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="19.9614">19.9614°E</geoCoordinate>
; ex Transvaal Museum; dry bush on hillside;
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFEB0AE97FE49D4D1" box="[329,490,1963,1990]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">NMSA W575</specimenCode>
/T4123
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFDA3AE97FAC7D4FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182900" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="35" latitude="-34.5912" location="Elim" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9992" municipality="Bredasdorp" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCount="34" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFDA3AE97FD5ED4D2" box="[602,765,1963,1989]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">34 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D567FFFFFDA3AE97FAC7D4FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182900" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="35" latitude="-34.5912" location="Bredasdorp" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9992" municipality="Bredasdorp" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" specimenCode="ELM D17983" specimenCount="34" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD567FFFFFDA3AE97FD5ED4D2" box="[602,765,1963,1989]" count="34" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="generic">34 specimens</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD567FFFFFCF3AE97FC30D4D2" box="[778,915,1963,1989]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Bredasdorp</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="5F479B10D567FFFFFC66AE90FC7FD4D2" box="[927,988,1963,1990]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
south west on
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB69AE97FB07D4D2" box="[1168,1188,1963,1989]" country="Chile" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/az7k-p4g9" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">R</collectionCode>
43 to
<location id="9D60602ED567FFFFFB10AE97FA87D4D2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED567FFFFFB10AE97FA87D4D2" box="[1257,1316,1963,1989]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5912" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9992" municipality="Bredasdorp" name="Elim" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" stateProvince="Western Cape">Elim</location>
, bushy valley with dam;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFE72AEECFDA8D4FC" box="[395,523,2000,2027]" degrees="34.5912" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="-34.5912">
34.5912°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFE00AEEDFDA8D4FC" box="[505,523,2001,2027]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
south west on R43 to Elim, bushy valley with dam;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFE72AEECFDA8D4FC" box="[395,523,2000,2027]" degrees="34.5912" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="-34.5912">34.5912°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFDE0AEEDFD38D4FC" box="[537,667,2001,2027]" degrees="19.9992" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="19.9992">
19.9992°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFD7FAEEDFD38D4FC" box="[646,667,2001,2027]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">E</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D567FFFFFDE0AEEDFD38D4FC" box="[537,667,2001,2027]" degrees="19.9992" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" precision="5" value="19.9992">19.9992°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="1392D1C6D567FFFFFD50AEECFC86D4FC" box="[681,805,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="35.0">
<quantity id="5F479B10D567FFFFFD50AEECFD46D4FC" box="[681,741,2000,2027]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
@ -362,48 +273,27 @@ a.s.l.
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD567FFFFFCCDAEEDFC7BD4FC" box="[820,984,2001,2027]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" value="2014-08-13">13 Aug. 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC1CAEEDFBE6D4FC" box="[997,1093,2001,2027]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFC1CAEEDFBA1D4FC" box="[997,1026,2001,2027]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung M<>nchen" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Cole
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D567FFFFFC1CAEEDFBE6D4FC" box="[997,1093,2001,2027]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">M. Cole</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFB70AEEDFB65D4FC" box="[1161,1222,2001,2027]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM</collectionCode>
D17983/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D567FFFFFACFAEEDFAEBD4FC" box="[1334,1352,2001,2027]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">T</collectionCode>
87
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED567FFFFFB70AEEDFA8FD4FC" box="[1161,1324,2001,2027]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">ELM D17983</specimenCode>
/T87
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FF44A837FBA6D232" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182746" box="[189,1029,267,294]" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="35" latitude="-34.5912" location="Elim" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9992" municipality="Bredasdorp" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="W3890" specimenCount="15" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FF44A837FEC3D232" box="[189,352,267,294]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FF44A837FBA6D232" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182746" box="[189,1029,267,294]" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="ELM" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="35" latitude="-34.5912" location="Elim" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.9992" municipality="Bredasdorp" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="ELM W3890" specimenCount="15" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FF44A837FEC3D232" box="[189,352,267,294]" count="15" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FCCAA830FCD3D231" box="[819,880,268,294]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">ELM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED568FFF0FC80A837FC73D232" box="[889,976,267,293]" collectionCode="ELM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9trn-613c" name="East London Museum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FC80A837FC36D232" box="[889,917,267,293]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
3890
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FC20A837FC49D232" box="[985,1002,267,293]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T</collectionCode>
88
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED568FFF0FCCAA830FC73D232" box="[819,976,267,294]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">ELM W3890</specimenCode>
/T88
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FBD8A837FDF4D262" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182807" collectingDate="2007-10-07" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="D. Herbert &amp; L. Davis" country="South Africa" county="Grootbos Nat. Res." latitude="-34.5421" location="Milkwood forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4153" municipality="Gansbaai area" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="W5659" specimenCount="23" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FBD8A837FB67D232" box="[1057,1220,267,293]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">23 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FBD8A837FDF4D262" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182807" collectingDate="2007-10-07" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="D. Herbert &amp; L. Davis" country="South Africa" county="Grootbos Nat. Res." latitude="-34.5421" location="Grootbos Nat. Res., Gansbaai area" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4153" municipality="Gansbaai area" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="NMSA W5659" specimenCount="23" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FBD8A837FB67D232" box="[1057,1220,267,293]" count="23" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">23 specimens</specimenCount>
;
<collectingCounty id="71614E79D568FFF0FB29A837FF51D25A" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Grootbos Nat. Res.</collectingCounty>
<location id="9D60602ED568FFF0FB29A837FE01D25A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF2FDB4ABEAFCD1D4FC:9D60602ED568FFF0FB29A837FE01D25A" country="South Africa" county="Grootbos Nat. Res." latitude="-34.5421" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4153" municipality="Gansbaai area" name="Grootbos Nat. Res., Gansbaai area" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Western Cape">Grootbos Nat. Res., Gansbaai area</location>
, Milkwood forest;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FD85A80EFD5FD25A" box="[636,764,306,333]" degrees="34.5421" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="-34.5421">34.5421°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD568FFF0FF04A80EFE01D25A" box="[253,418,306,333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Gansbaai area</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9D60602ED568FFF0FE54A80EFDD1D25B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED568FFF0FE54A80EFDD1D25B" box="[429,626,306,332]" country="South Africa" county="Grootbos Nat. Res." latitude="-34.5421" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4153" municipality="Gansbaai area" name="Milkwood forest" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Western Cape">Milkwood forest</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FD85A80EFD5FD25A" box="[636,764,306,333]" degrees="34.5421" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="-34.5421">
34.5421°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FD13A80FFD5FD25A" box="[746,764,307,333]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FCFEA80EFC29D25A" box="[775,906,306,333]" degrees="19.4153" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="19.4153">
19.4153°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FC8CA80FFC29D25A" box="[885,906,307,333]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FCFEA80EFC29D25A" box="[775,906,306,333]" degrees="19.4153" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="19.4153">19.4153°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EC011035D568FFF0FC6CA80FFBBCD25A" box="[917,1055,307,333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2007-10-07">
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD568FFF0FC6CA80FFBBCD25A" box="[917,1055,307,333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2007-10-07">7 Oct. 2007</collectingDate>
@ -411,95 +301,55 @@ D17983/
;
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FBD0A80FFB06D25B" box="[1065,1189,306,333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D. Herbert</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FB22A80FFA9DD25B" box="[1243,1342,306,333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FB22A80FFB53D25A" box="[1243,1264,307,333]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. Davis
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FB22A80FFA9DD25B" box="[1243,1342,306,333]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">L. Davis</collectorName>
leg.; in leaf-litter;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FEACA866FE0BD263" box="[341,424,346,372]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED568FFF0FE57A866FDA0D262" box="[430,515,346,373]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FE57A866FE69D262" box="[430,458,346,373]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
5659
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FDF5A866FDBED262" box="[524,541,346,373]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T</collectionCode>
4122
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED568FFF0FEACA866FDA0D262" box="[341,515,346,373]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">NMSA W5659</specimenCode>
/T4122
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FD89A866FE6ED2D4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182782" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="203" latitude="-34.5419" location="Milkwood Forest" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4122" municipality="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="45" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FD89A866FCB2D263" box="[624,785,346,373]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">45 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FD89A866FE6ED2D4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182782" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectionCode="D" collectorName="M. Cole" country="South Africa" elevation="203" latitude="-34.5419" location="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve, between Stanford and Gansbaai" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4122" municipality="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="D18005/T89" specimenCount="45" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FD89A866FCB2D263" box="[624,785,346,373]" count="45" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">45 specimens</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="7864AC8FD568FFF0FCE5A866FB3CD263" box="[796,1183,346,372]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Grootbos Private Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<locationDeviation id="89B22FD7D568FFF0FB52A866FEFCD28C" firstLocation="Stanford" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" secondLocation="Gansbaai">between Stanford and Gansbaai</locationDeviation>
<location id="9D60602ED568FFF0FCE5A866FEFCD28C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF2FDB4ABEAFCD1D4FC:9D60602ED568FFF0FCE5A866FEFCD28C" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5419" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4122" municipality="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" name="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve, between Stanford and Gansbaai" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Western Cape">Grootbos Private Nature Reserve, between Stanford and Gansbaai</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D568FFF0FE92A8BDFDACD28C" box="[363,527,385,411]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
<location id="9D60602ED568FFF0FDEEA8BDFD46D28C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED568FFF0FDEEA8BDFD46D28C" box="[535,741,385,411]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5419" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.4122" municipality="Grootbos Private Nature Reserve" name="Milkwood Forest" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Western Cape">Milkwood Forest</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FD0BA8BDFCD1D28C" box="[754,882,385,412]" degrees="34.5419" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="-34.5419">
34.5419°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FC99A8BDFCD1D28C" box="[864,882,385,411]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
Milkwood Forest;
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FD0BA8BDFCD1D28C" box="[754,882,385,412]" degrees="34.5419" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="-34.5419">34.5419°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FC79A8BDFBA0D28C" box="[896,1027,385,411]" degrees="19.4122" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="19.4122">
19.4122°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FC17A8BDFBA0D28C" box="[1006,1027,385,411]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FC79A8BDFBA0D28C" box="[896,1027,385,411]" degrees="19.4122" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="19.4122">19.4122° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="5F479B10D568FFF0FBE9A8BDFBFFD28C" box="[1040,1116,385,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="203.0">
<elevation id="1392D1C6D568FFF0FBE9A8BDFBFFD28C" box="[1040,1116,385,411]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="203.0">203 m</elevation>
</quantity>
a.s.l;
<date id="EC011035D568FFF0FB5DA8BDFAEBD28C" box="[1188,1352,385,411]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2014-08-13">
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD568FFF0FB5DA8BDFAEBD28C" box="[1188,1352,385,411]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2014-08-13">
13 Aug.
<date id="EC011035D568FFF0FAF3A8BDFAEBD28C" box="[1290,1352,385,411]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2014" year="2014">2014</date>
</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD568FFF0FB5DA8BDFAEBD28C" box="[1188,1352,385,411]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2014-08-13">13 Aug. 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FAACA8BDFF57D2D5" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FAACA8BDFAD1D28C" box="[1365,1394,385,411]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung M<>nchen" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
. Cole
</collectorName>
leg.; D18005/
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89
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FAACA8BDFF57D2D5" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">M. Cole</collectorName>
leg.;
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</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FE10A894FC44D2FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182913" collectingDate="2005-02-13" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Moussalli &amp; D. Stuart-Fox" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5795" location="Gansbaai" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.3442" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="W3537" specimenCount="6" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FE10A894FDDDD2D5" box="[489,638,424,450]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="28D73CA8D568FFF0FE10A894FC44D2FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429182913" collectingDate="2005-02-13" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Moussalli &amp; D. Stuart-Fox" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5795" location="Gansbaai" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.3442" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCode="NMSA W3537" specimenCount="6" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="8EB9FD7CD568FFF0FE10A894FDDDD2D5" box="[489,638,424,450]" count="6" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
;
<location id="9D60602ED568FFF0FD72A894FD54D2D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF4FDB4ABEAFAD5D25E:9D60602ED568FFF0FD72A894FD54D2D5" box="[651,759,424,450]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5795" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.3442" name="Gansbaai" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Western Cape">Gansbaai</location>
<location id="9D60602ED568FFF0FD72A894FD54D2D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:101687E3D567FFF2FDB4ABEAFCD1D4FC:9D60602ED568FFF0FD72A894FD54D2D5" box="[651,759,424,450]" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.5795" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="19.3442" name="Gansbaai" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Western Cape">Gansbaai</location>
dune scrub;
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34.5795°
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</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FC68A894FBB3D2D5" box="[913,1040,424,451]" degrees="34.5795" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="-34.5795">34.5795°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FBE6A894FB02D2D4" box="[1055,1185,424,451]" degrees="19.3442" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="19.3442">
19.3442°
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FB75A895FB02D2D4" box="[1164,1185,425,451]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E</collectionCode>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D568FFF0FBE6A894FB02D2D4" box="[1055,1185,424,451]" degrees="19.3442" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="5" value="19.3442">19.3442°E</geoCoordinate>
;
<date id="EC011035D568FFF0FB56A894FAECD2D4" box="[1199,1359,424,451]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2005-02-13">
<collectingDate id="FC45E9DDD568FFF0FB56A894FAECD2D4" box="[1199,1359,424,451]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="2005-02-13">13 Feb. 2005</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FAA3A894FE8CD2FE" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FAA3A894FAD1D2D5" box="[1370,1394,424,450]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
. Moussalli
</collectorName>
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FAA3A894FE8CD2FE" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">A. Moussalli</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="354A5323D568FFF0FE91A8ECFDA4D2FE" box="[360,519,463,490]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">D. Stuart-Fox</collectorName>
leg.; in leaf-litter;
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FD18A8F3FC97D2FE" box="[737,820,463,489]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED568FFF0FCC3A8F3FC33D2FD" box="[826,912,463,490]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FCC3A8F3FCF5D2FD" box="[826,854,463,490]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
3537
</specimenCode>
/
<collectionCode id="FEAEAE30D568FFF0FC60A8F3FC08D2FD" box="[921,939,463,490]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/ey0i-ifzt" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">T</collectionCode>
4124
<specimenCode id="C8199E8ED568FFF0FD18A8F3FC33D2FD" box="[737,912,463,490]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">NMSA W3537</specimenCode>
/T4124
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
@ -727,7 +577,7 @@ Measurements of
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56AFFF3FF44ABB6FB6BD25E" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56AFFF2FF44ABB6FCD1D4FC" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56AFFF2FF44ABB6FE8CD1B3" blockId="58.[189,303,650,676]" box="[189,303,650,676]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
<heading id="C3488199D56AFFF2FF44ABB6FE8CD1B3" bold="true" box="[189,303,650,676]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56AFFF2FF44ABB6FE8CD1B3" bold="true" box="[189,303,650,676]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Remarks</emphasis>
@ -872,193 +722,6 @@ to refuges at higher elevations and thus driving allopatric divergence or elimin
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56AFFF2FCC9AE90FC28D4D1" box="[816,907,1964,1990]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
occurs in relatively stable relictual forest patches in the Langeberge and has undergone little change.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FD5FA837FC4ED231" blockId="59.[364,1224,267,329]" box="[678,1005,267,294]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FD00A837FCD8D231" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[761,891,267,294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FD00A837FCD8D231" bold="true" box="[761,891,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FC7BA830FC4ED231" box="[898,1005,268,294]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FE95A812FB6BD25E" blockId="59.[364,1224,267,329]" box="[364,1224,302,329]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<uri id="EC2E3AF7D56BFFF3FE95A812FB6BD25E" box="[364,1224,302,329]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="EC190C20D56BFFF3FD73A812FB6BD25E" box="[650,1224,302,329]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">0C542886-FB1A-4550-BBC2-80BBD28FA01E</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44A84CFCD5D2AE" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44A84CFEFBD29D" blockId="59.[189,344,368,394]" box="[189,344,368,394]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44A84CFEFBD29D" bold="true" box="[189,344,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44A84CFEFBD29D" bold="true" box="[189,344,368,394]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type species</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44A8A3FCD5D2AE" blockId="59.[189,886,415,441]" box="[189,886,415,441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FF44A8A3FD34D2AE" ID-CoL="7PVSZ" authority="(Sturany, 1898)" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Sturany" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[189,663,415,441]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44A8A3FE79D2AF" box="[189,474,415,441]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus isipingoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FE10A8A3FD2CD2AE" author="Sturany R." box="[489,655,415,441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="161" refId="ref52504" refString="Sturany R. 1898. Cyclotus isipingoensi s n. sp. Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 35: 161." type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FD66A8A3FCD5D2AE" box="[671,886,415,441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44A8DCFBEED071" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44A8DCFE95D2ED" blockId="59.[189,310,480,506]" box="[189,310,480,506]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44A8DCFE95D2ED" bold="true" box="[189,310,480,506]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44A8DCFE95D2ED" bold="true" box="[189,310,480,506]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AB33FBEED071" blockId="59.[189,1398,527,870]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Shell dextral, small, depressed; aperture circular, last whorl descending near aperture, peristome not thickened, continuous and free; umbilicus wide and deep, exposing all the whorls; periostracum glossy and lacquer-like with lamellate axial costae at regular intervals, usually expanded into spiral rows of hairs; operculum duplex, corneous; inner portion consists of a thin disc which grows outwards in a tight spiral, smooth on inside where it attaches to foot; fused to disc on its outer surface is a multispiral, elevated horny blade-like lamella formed by fused bristles; a fringe of fused bristles emanates from outer surface of each lamellar whorl; radula taenioglossate, two large cusps on second lateral tooth; penis lies dorsally immediately behind right tentacle and consists of a stout, muscular, cylindrical shaft, wrinkled along most of its length due to annular rugae, and a terminal, tapering intromittent organ without flagellum; seminal tube completely enclosed without seminal groove.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44AAB2FB03D0C1" box="[189,1184,910,982]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AAB2FEE7D0BF" blockId="59.[189,324,910,936]" box="[189,324,910,936]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44AAB2FEE7D0BF" bold="true" box="[189,324,910,936]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44AAB2FEE7D0BF" bold="true" box="[189,324,910,936]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AA80FB03D0C1" blockId="59.[189,1184,956,982]" box="[189,1184,956,982]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">The specific name is derived from Africa and refers to its Afromontane occurrence.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44AAC2FCECD524" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AAC2FE8CD70F" blockId="59.[189,303,1022,1048]" box="[189,303,1022,1048]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44AAC2FE8CD70F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1022,1048]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44AAC2FE8CD70F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1022,1048]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AD10FCECD524" blockId="59.[189,1399,1068,1588]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
mtDNA data clarified that
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FE12AD10FDC4D751" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[491,615,1068,1094]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FE12AD10FDC4D751" box="[491,615,1068,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FD95AD10FD76D751" box="[620,725,1068,1094]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
constituted a radiation distinct from that of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FB3FAD10FAD4D751" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1222,1399,1068,1094]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FB3FAD10FAD4D751" box="[1222,1399,1068,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Chondrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FF44AD6CFF41D77D" box="[189,226,1104,1130]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FF0AAD73FE19D77E" author="Cole M. L. &amp; Raheem D. C. &amp; Villet M. H." box="[243,442,1103,1129]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="193 - 210" refId="ref47675" refString="Cole M. L., Raheem D. C. &amp; Villet M. H. 2019. Molecular phylogeny of Chondrocyclus (Gastropoda: Cyclophoridae), a widespread genus of sedentary, restricted-range snails. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 131: 193 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2018.09.018" type="journal article" year="2019">
Cole
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FECCAD6CFED2D77E" box="[309,369,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FD8EAD73FD50D77E" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[631,755,1103,1129]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FD8EAD73FD50D77E" box="[631,755,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FD05AD6CFCCAD77D" box="[764,873,1104,1130]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can in most cases be recognised at a glance on morphological grounds, being very small, very depressed (the apex can even be concave), discoid shells with spiral rows of hairs projecting from the axial costae. This morphotype is widely distributed in latitude and altitude, occupying isolated Afromontane forest patches along the Great Escarpment from northern
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D56BFFF3FE92ADE0FDA1D7E1" box="[363,514,1244,1270]" name="South Africa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D56BFFF3FDEBADE0FD51D7E1" box="[530,754,1244,1270]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Limpopo province</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D56BFFF3FD06ADE0FC9ED7E1" box="[767,829,1244,1270]" degrees="23" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" precision="55555" value="-23.0">23° S</geoCoordinate>
) to the
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D56BFFF3FC62ADE1FB9BD7E1" box="[923,1080,1244,1271]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
(
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D56BFFF3FBB0ADE0FB3DD7E1" box="[1097,1182,1244,1270]" degrees="32.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" precision="5555" value="-32.7">32.7°S</geoCoordinate>
) and extending to the coast (
<figureCitation id="00842A70D56BFFF3FEC0ADC3FE20D60D" box="[313,387,1279,1306]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,1117,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[189,1398,1098,1952]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Map of South Africa showing distribution of the five major clades of Chondrocyclus s.l. Ancey, 1898. Provinces with records of Chondrocyclus are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517526/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). mtDNA data showed that what was previously lumped as
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FBAEADC3FAD5D60E" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Sturany" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[1111,1398,1279,1305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FBAEADC3FAD5D60E" box="[1111,1398,1279,1305]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus isipingoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FF44AC1FFE3ED62A" box="[189,413,1315,1341]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a species complex, and within it, external morphology is relatively conserved, making it difficult to distinguish taxa by morphology alone.
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FC5EAC7AFB8FD677" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Melvill &amp; Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[935,1068,1350,1376]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="exsertus" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FC5EAC7AFB8FD677" box="[935,1068,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. exsertus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FBC1AC7AFABCD677" box="[1080,1311,1350,1376]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which occupies a narrow zone on the east coast, is strikingly different morphologically, bearing no hairs and with the axial lamellae only slightly expanded around the periphery. The operculum of the latter also deviates dramatically from the flat, fragile operculum of most specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FBA9AC8CFB6FD6DD" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1104,1228,1456,1482]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FBA9AC8CFB6FD6DD" box="[1104,1228,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB2FAC8CFAE0D6DD" box="[1238,1347,1456,1482]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and is more robust with a rigid fringe consisting of bunches of short bristles. Phylogenetic relationships within
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FEE8ACCAFE2ED507" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[273,397,1526,1552]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FEE8ACCAFE2ED507" box="[273,397,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FE6FACCBFDA1D506" box="[406,514,1527,1553]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are not fully resolved and further molecular and morphological data from throughout its range are required to revise this complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF4FF44AF67FAD5D25E" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="key">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" blockId="59.[189,652,1626,1653]" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" bold="true" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" bold="true" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FE6DAF66FDB5D562" ID-CoL="7NYQH" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[404,534,1626,1653]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FE6DAF66FDB5D562" bold="true" box="[404,534,1626,1653]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FDE7AF67FD2FD562" box="[542,652,1627,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<key id="EC2E61C4D56BFFF4FF44AFB6FAD5D25E" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56BFFF3FF44AFB6FAD4D5FD" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AFB6FAD4D5D0" blockId="59.[189,1399,1673,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF44AFB6FAD4D5D0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
1. Axial lamellae slightly expanded at periphery, but not produced into hairs........................................ ...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FD38AF91FB3BD5D0" ID-CoL="7PVSX" authority="(Melvill &amp; Ponsonby, 1903)" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Melvill &amp; Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[705,1176,1709,1735]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="exsertus" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FD38AF91FCE5D5D0" bold="true" box="[705,838,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. exsertus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FCAFAF91FB33D5D0" author="Melvill J. C. &amp; Ponsonby J. H." box="[854,1168,1709,1735]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="595 - 609" refId="ref50578" refString="Melvill J. C. &amp; Ponsonby J. H. 1903. Descriptions of thirty-one terrestrial and fluviatile Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 7 12: 595 - 609. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930309487040" type="journal article" year="1903">Melvill &amp; Ponsonby, 1903</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB59AF91FAD4D5D0" box="[1184,1399,1709,1735]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF38AFECFAD4D5FD" blockId="59.[189,1399,1673,1770]" box="[193,1399,1744,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF38AFECFAD4D5FD" box="[193,1399,1744,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60"> Axial lamellae expanded into multiple spiral rows of hairs .............................................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56BFFF3FF44AE36FAD4D47D" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AE36FAD4D45F" blockId="59.[189,1399,1802,1899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF44AE36FAD4D45F" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
2. Spiral rows of periostracal hairs include a row of very short hairs immediately below suture on body whorl ..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FCE5AE11FB3BD450" ID-CoL="7PVSZ" authority="(Sturany, 1898)" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Sturany" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[796,1176,1837,1863]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FCE5AE11FC79D450" bold="true" box="[796,986,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. isipingoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FC13AE11FB33D450" author="Sturany R." box="[1002,1168,1837,1863]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="161" refId="ref52504" refString="Sturany R. 1898. Cyclotus isipingoensi s n. sp. Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 35: 161." type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB59AE12FAD4D45F" box="[1184,1399,1837,1864]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF38AE6DFAD4D47D" blockId="59.[189,1399,1802,1899]" box="[193,1399,1872,1899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF38AE6DFAD4D47D" box="[193,1399,1872,1899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60"> No spiral row of very short periostracal hairs immediately below suture......................................... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56BFFF3FF44AEB6FAD4D4FC" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AEB6FAD5D4D0" blockId="59.[189,1399,1930,2027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF44AEB6FAD5D4D0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
3. Three spiral rows of hairs at periphery; upper edge of rachidian tooth smooth .................................. ..................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FBC4AE91FB1DD4DF" ID-CoL="7PVT4" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1085,1214,1965,1992]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FBC4AE91FB1DD4DF" bold="true" box="[1085,1214,1965,1992]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. oxygala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB3CAE92FAD5D4D0" box="[1221,1398,1966,1992]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF38AEEDFAD4D4FC" blockId="59.[189,1399,1930,2027]" box="[193,1399,2001,2027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF38AEEDFAD4D4FC" box="[193,1399,2001,2027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60"> More than three spiral rows of hairs on body whorl; upper edge of rachidian tooth serrated........... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56CFFF4FF44A837FAD5D25E" blockId="60.[189,1399,267,329]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56CFFF4FF44A837FAD5D25E" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56CFFF4FF44A837FAD5D25E" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
4. Protoconch strongly malleate ......................................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56CFFF4FBB6A837FB1CD232" ID-CoL="7PVT6" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1103,1215,267,293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="potteri" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56CFFF4FBB6A837FB1CD232" bold="true" box="[1103,1215,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. potteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56CFFF4FB3EA830FAD4D231" box="[1223,1399,268,294]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Protoconch malleate, but not strongly ..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56CFFF4FBABA813FB1ED25E" ID-CoL="7PVSW" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1106,1213,302,329]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bhaca" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56CFFF4FBABA813FB1ED25E" bold="true" box="[1106,1213,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. bhaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56CFFF4FB3CA813FAD5D25E" box="[1221,1398,303,329]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
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<mods:title id="58F5EF60A6722D92A5983412374B938C">Revision of Chondrocyclus s. l. (Mollusca: Cyclophoridae), with description of a new genus and twelve new species</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="1EEF2B394B2B51A737921653156812C9">East London Museum, P. O. Box 11021, Southernwood, 5213, South Africa and Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, P. O. Box 94, Grahamstown (Makhanda) 6140, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FD5FA837FC4ED231" box="[678,1005,267,294]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FD5FA837FC4ED231" blockId="59.[364,1224,267,329]" box="[678,1005,267,294]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FD00A837FCD8D231" ID-CoL="7NYQH" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[761,891,267,294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FD00A837FCD8D231" bold="true" box="[761,891,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FC7BA830FC4ED231" box="[898,1005,268,294]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FE95A812FB6BD25E" box="[364,1224,302,329]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="description">
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<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44A84CFCD5D2AE" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44A84CFEFBD29D" blockId="59.[189,344,368,394]" box="[189,344,368,394]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44A84CFEFBD29D" bold="true" box="[189,344,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44A84CFEFBD29D" bold="true" box="[189,344,368,394]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type species</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44A8A3FCD5D2AE" blockId="59.[189,886,415,441]" box="[189,886,415,441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FF44A8A3FD34D2AE" ID-CoL="7PVSZ" authority="(Sturany, 1898)" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Sturany" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[189,663,415,441]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44A8A3FE79D2AF" box="[189,474,415,441]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus isipingoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FE10A8A3FD2CD2AE" author="Sturany R." box="[489,655,415,441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="161" refId="ref52504" refString="Sturany R. 1898. Cyclotus isipingoensi s n. sp. Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 35: 161." type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FD66A8A3FCD5D2AE" box="[671,886,415,441]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44A8DCFBEED071" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44A8DCFE95D2ED" blockId="59.[189,310,480,506]" box="[189,310,480,506]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44A8DCFE95D2ED" bold="true" box="[189,310,480,506]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44A8DCFE95D2ED" bold="true" box="[189,310,480,506]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AB33FBEED071" blockId="59.[189,1398,527,870]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Shell dextral, small, depressed; aperture circular, last whorl descending near aperture, peristome not thickened, continuous and free; umbilicus wide and deep, exposing all the whorls; periostracum glossy and lacquer-like with lamellate axial costae at regular intervals, usually expanded into spiral rows of hairs; operculum duplex, corneous; inner portion consists of a thin disc which grows outwards in a tight spiral, smooth on inside where it attaches to foot; fused to disc on its outer surface is a multispiral, elevated horny blade-like lamella formed by fused bristles; a fringe of fused bristles emanates from outer surface of each lamellar whorl; radula taenioglossate, two large cusps on second lateral tooth; penis lies dorsally immediately behind right tentacle and consists of a stout, muscular, cylindrical shaft, wrinkled along most of its length due to annular rugae, and a terminal, tapering intromittent organ without flagellum; seminal tube completely enclosed without seminal groove.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44AAB2FB03D0C1" box="[189,1184,910,982]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AAB2FEE7D0BF" blockId="59.[189,324,910,936]" box="[189,324,910,936]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44AAB2FEE7D0BF" bold="true" box="[189,324,910,936]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44AAB2FEE7D0BF" bold="true" box="[189,324,910,936]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AA80FB03D0C1" blockId="59.[189,1184,956,982]" box="[189,1184,956,982]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">The specific name is derived from Africa and refers to its Afromontane occurrence.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44AAC2FCECD524" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AAC2FE8CD70F" blockId="59.[189,303,1022,1048]" box="[189,303,1022,1048]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44AAC2FE8CD70F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1022,1048]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44AAC2FE8CD70F" bold="true" box="[189,303,1022,1048]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AD10FCECD524" blockId="59.[189,1399,1068,1588]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
mtDNA data clarified that
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FE12AD10FDC4D751" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[491,615,1068,1094]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FE12AD10FDC4D751" box="[491,615,1068,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FD95AD10FD76D751" box="[620,725,1068,1094]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
constituted a radiation distinct from that of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FB3FAD10FAD4D751" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1222,1399,1068,1094]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Chondrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FB3FAD10FAD4D751" box="[1222,1399,1068,1094]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Chondrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FF44AD6CFF41D77D" box="[189,226,1104,1130]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FF0AAD73FE19D77E" author="Cole M. L. &amp; Raheem D. C. &amp; Villet M. H." box="[243,442,1103,1129]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="193 - 210" refId="ref47675" refString="Cole M. L., Raheem D. C. &amp; Villet M. H. 2019. Molecular phylogeny of Chondrocyclus (Gastropoda: Cyclophoridae), a widespread genus of sedentary, restricted-range snails. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 131: 193 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2018.09.018" type="journal article" year="2019">
Cole
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FECCAD6CFED2D77E" box="[309,369,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FD8EAD73FD50D77E" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[631,755,1103,1129]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FD8EAD73FD50D77E" box="[631,755,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FD05AD6CFCCAD77D" box="[764,873,1104,1130]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can in most cases be recognised at a glance on morphological grounds, being very small, very depressed (the apex can even be concave), discoid shells with spiral rows of hairs projecting from the axial costae. This morphotype is widely distributed in latitude and altitude, occupying isolated Afromontane forest patches along the Great Escarpment from northern
<collectingCountry id="E0A87665D56BFFF3FE92ADE0FDA1D7E1" box="[363,514,1244,1270]" name="South Africa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D56BFFF3FDEBADE0FD51D7E1" box="[530,754,1244,1270]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Limpopo province</collectingRegion>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D56BFFF3FD06ADE0FC9ED7E1" box="[767,829,1244,1270]" degrees="23" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" precision="55555" value="-23.0">23° S</geoCoordinate>
) to the
<collectingRegion id="5A7BF817D56BFFF3FC62ADE1FB9BD7E1" box="[923,1080,1244,1271]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
(
<geoCoordinate id="FD8B5032D56BFFF3FBB0ADE0FB3DD7E1" box="[1097,1182,1244,1270]" degrees="32.7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" precision="5555" value="-32.7">32.7°S</geoCoordinate>
) and extending to the coast (
<figureCitation id="00842A70D56BFFF3FEC0ADC3FE20D60D" box="[313,387,1279,1306]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[189,232,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,1117,1934]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[189,1398,1098,1952]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Map of South Africa showing distribution of the five major clades of Chondrocyclus s.l. Ancey, 1898. Provinces with records of Chondrocyclus are labelled." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3517526" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3517526/files/figure.png" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). mtDNA data showed that what was previously lumped as
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FBAEADC3FAD5D60E" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Sturany" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[1111,1398,1279,1305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FBAEADC3FAD5D60E" box="[1111,1398,1279,1305]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus isipingoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FF44AC1FFE3ED62A" box="[189,413,1315,1341]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a species complex, and within it, external morphology is relatively conserved, making it difficult to distinguish taxa by morphology alone.
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FC5EAC7AFB8FD677" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Melvill &amp; Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[935,1068,1350,1376]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="exsertus" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FC5EAC7AFB8FD677" box="[935,1068,1350,1376]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. exsertus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FBC1AC7AFABCD677" box="[1080,1311,1350,1376]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which occupies a narrow zone on the east coast, is strikingly different morphologically, bearing no hairs and with the axial lamellae only slightly expanded around the periphery. The operculum of the latter also deviates dramatically from the flat, fragile operculum of most specimens of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FBA9AC8CFB6FD6DD" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1104,1228,1456,1482]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FBA9AC8CFB6FD6DD" box="[1104,1228,1456,1482]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB2FAC8CFAE0D6DD" box="[1238,1347,1456,1482]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and is more robust with a rigid fringe consisting of bunches of short bristles. Phylogenetic relationships within
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FEE8ACCAFE2ED507" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[273,397,1526,1552]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FEE8ACCAFE2ED507" box="[273,397,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FE6FACCBFDA1D506" box="[406,514,1527,1553]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are not fully resolved and further molecular and morphological data from throughout its range are required to revise this complex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" blockId="59.[189,652,1626,1653]" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="C3488199D56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" bold="true" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="3">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FF44AF67FD2FD562" bold="true" box="[189,652,1626,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
Key to species of
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FE6DAF66FDB5D562" ID-CoL="7NYQH" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[404,534,1626,1653]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FE6DAF66FDB5D562" bold="true" box="[404,534,1626,1653]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Afrocyclus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FDE7AF67FD2FD562" box="[542,652,1627,1653]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0A5657ED56BFFF4FF44AFB6FAD5D25E" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="key">
<key id="EC2E61C4D56BFFF4FF44AFB6FAD5D25E" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56BFFF3FF44AFB6FAD4D5FD" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AFB6FAD4D5D0" blockId="59.[189,1399,1673,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF44AFB6FAD4D5D0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
1. Axial lamellae slightly expanded at periphery, but not produced into hairs........................................ ...............................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FD38AF91FB3BD5D0" ID-CoL="7PVSX" authority="(Melvill &amp; Ponsonby, 1903)" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Melvill &amp; Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[705,1176,1709,1735]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="exsertus" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FD38AF91FCE5D5D0" bold="true" box="[705,838,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. exsertus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FCAFAF91FB33D5D0" author="Melvill J. C. &amp; Ponsonby J. H." box="[854,1168,1709,1735]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="595 - 609" refId="ref50578" refString="Melvill J. C. &amp; Ponsonby J. H. 1903. Descriptions of thirty-one terrestrial and fluviatile Mollusca from South Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 7 12: 595 - 609. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930309487040" type="journal article" year="1903">Melvill &amp; Ponsonby, 1903</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB59AF91FAD4D5D0" box="[1184,1399,1709,1735]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF38AFECFAD4D5FD" blockId="59.[189,1399,1673,1770]" box="[193,1399,1744,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF38AFECFAD4D5FD" box="[193,1399,1744,1770]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60"> Axial lamellae expanded into multiple spiral rows of hairs .............................................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56BFFF3FF44AE36FAD4D47D" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AE36FAD4D45F" blockId="59.[189,1399,1802,1899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF44AE36FAD4D45F" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
2. Spiral rows of periostracal hairs include a row of very short hairs immediately below suture on body whorl ..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FCE5AE11FB3BD450" ID-CoL="7PVSZ" authority="(Sturany, 1898)" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Sturany" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[796,1176,1837,1863]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="isipingoensis" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FCE5AE11FC79D450" bold="true" box="[796,986,1837,1863]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. isipingoensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="FC2E4B04D56BFFF3FC13AE11FB33D450" author="Sturany R." box="[1002,1168,1837,1863]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" pagination="161" refId="ref52504" refString="Sturany R. 1898. Cyclotus isipingoensi s n. sp. Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 35: 161." type="journal article" year="1898">Sturany, 1898</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB59AE12FAD4D45F" box="[1184,1399,1837,1864]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF38AE6DFAD4D47D" blockId="59.[189,1399,1802,1899]" box="[193,1399,1872,1899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF38AE6DFAD4D47D" box="[193,1399,1872,1899]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60"> No spiral row of very short periostracal hairs immediately below suture......................................... 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56BFFF3FF44AEB6FAD4D4FC" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF44AEB6FAD5D4D0" blockId="59.[189,1399,1930,2027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF44AEB6FAD5D4D0" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
3. Three spiral rows of hairs at periphery; upper edge of rachidian tooth smooth .................................. ..................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56BFFF3FBC4AE91FB1DD4DF" ID-CoL="7PVT4" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1085,1214,1965,1992]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="oxygala" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56BFFF3FBC4AE91FB1DD4DF" bold="true" box="[1085,1214,1965,1992]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A. oxygala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56BFFF3FB3CAE92FAD5D4D0" box="[1221,1398,1966,1992]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56BFFF3FF38AEEDFAD4D4FC" blockId="59.[189,1399,1930,2027]" box="[193,1399,2001,2027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56BFFF3FF38AEEDFAD4D4FC" box="[193,1399,2001,2027]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60"> More than three spiral rows of hairs on body whorl; upper edge of rachidian tooth serrated........... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="234B2E50D56CFFF4FF44A837FAD5D25E" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<paragraph id="980036F5D56CFFF4FF44A837FAD4D231" blockId="60.[189,1399,267,329]" box="[189,1399,267,294]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56CFFF4FF44A837FAD4D231" box="[189,1399,267,294]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
4. Protoconch strongly malleate ......................................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56CFFF4FBB6A837FB1CD232" ID-CoL="7PVT6" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1103,1215,267,293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="potteri" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56CFFF4FBB6A837FB1CD232" bold="true" box="[1103,1215,267,293]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. potteri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56CFFF4FB3EA830FAD4D231" box="[1223,1399,268,294]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="980036F5D56CFFF4FF38A813FAD5D25E" blockId="60.[189,1399,267,329]" box="[193,1398,302,329]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<keyLead id="234E95C0D56CFFF4FF38A813FAD5D25E" box="[193,1398,302,329]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
Protoconch malleate, but not strongly ..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="5FBF4D76D56CFFF4FBABA813FB1ED25E" ID-CoL="7PVSW" authority="Cole, 2019" authorityName="Cole" authorityYear="2019" box="[1106,1213,302,329]" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Afrocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bhaca" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56CFFF4FBABA813FB1ED25E" bold="true" box="[1106,1213,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">A. bhaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1F8579CD56CFFF4FB3CA813FAD5D25E" box="[1221,1398,303,329]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,41 +1,43 @@
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56CFFF4FF44A8DAFE67D117" box="[189,452,486,512]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Cyclotus isipingoensis</emphasis>
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@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ loc.: Isipingo [Penther]).
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<emphasis id="AACBEAE7D56CFFF4FF44AB36FE67D133" box="[189,452,522,548]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Cyclophorus minimus</emphasis>
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@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ loc.: Pietermaritzburg [Burnup]).
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(
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Melville &amp; Ponsonby 1899
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<mods:number id="49A880C2839A4B5FE3C3902C1B162E26">2025-01-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E9733BAA1AD1D6312DA702D952D9F4D9">59</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C4D23B0DD1F91D1956DE75E9B21979B8">5 - 8</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="6A6617C00B37AB6F3A272BE00A9F7200">285</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="7AA9A32353EFDDA58457B2554D3FE253">https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2448185</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="90A6D94B9AC3CF1DA43DA06166BD1136">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="412B5234CF152DE5F870A828D8831A22" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2448185</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BF45E27EA26836907FF911466E8E6AA7" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2452DE83AF825369C14F80D9D2FAE42E" type="Zenodo-Dep">14765212</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<subSubSection id="E2A14BDD754FFFCCC2CBFD72FC7DFD05" box="[397,919,649,676]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="F14CAF3A754FFFCCC2CBFD72FC7DFD05" box="[397,919,649,676]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D5754FFFCCC2CBFD72FCADFD05" authority="Penoni and Bueno" authorityName="Penoni and Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[397,839,649,676]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754FFFCCC2CBFD72FDB0FD05" bold="true" box="[397,602,649,676]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
Penoni and Bueno
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC444754FFFCCC016FD72FC7DFD05" bold="true" box="[848,919,649,676]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F754FFFCCC016FD72FC7DFD05" box="[848,919,649,676]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2A14BDD754FFFCCC104FD4FFD0BFD6E" box="[578,737,692,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA041856754FFFCCC104FD4FFD0BFD6E" blockId="5.[578,737,692,719]" box="[578,737,692,719]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
(
<figureCitation id="328004D3754FFFCCC10CFD4FFD32FD6E" box="[586,728,692,719]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStart-3="Figure 5" captionStart-4="Figure 6" captionStartId-0="5.[160,225,1616,1639]" captionStartId-1="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionStartId-2="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" captionStartId-3="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" captionStartId-4="9.[160,225,562,585]" captionTargetBox-0="[163,1153,1114,1584]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetBox-2="[164,1151,143,1546]" captionTargetBox-3="[165,1151,143,1139]" captionTargetBox-4="[163,1153,144,528]" captionTargetId-0="figure-193@5.[163,1153,1114,1585]" captionTargetId-1="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetId-2="figure-1@7.[163,1153,142,1548]" captionTargetId-3="figure-124@8.[163,1153,142,1141]" captionTargetId-4="figure-360@9.[163,1153,142,530]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionText-0="Figure 2. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Holotype male, 7.25 mm (MNRJcarcino 31359) (A). Allotype female, 3.87 mm (MNRJcarcino 31360) (B). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 2 mm." captionText-1="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." captionText-2="Figure 4. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." captionText-3="Figure 5. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." captionText-4="Figure 6. Tree generated for the 16S rRNA gene and species delimitation analysis of Hyalella species from south-east Brazil. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values. Hyalella azteca was used as an outgroup." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765218" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765226" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14765218/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/14765226/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Figures 26</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2A14BDD754FFFC1C3E6FD0AFC8AFAD9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AA041856754FFFCCC3E6FD0AFEAEFCAA" blockId="5.[160,1156,753,1057]" box="[160,324,753,779]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754FFFCCC3E6FD0AFEAEFCAA" bold="true" box="[160,324,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Type material</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA041856754FFFC1C3E6FCEEFC8AFAD9" blockId="5.[160,1156,753,1057]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1155,1341,1400]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<materialsCitation id="1AD3120B754FFFC1C3E6FCEEFC8AFAD9" collectingDate="2009-11" collectingDateMax="2018-07" collectingDateMin="2009-11" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Bichuette, M. E." country="Brazil" county="Zepon" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="293" latitude="-24.47833" location="Gruta da Agua Sumida' Cave" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" specimenCode="LES0018586, LES0018591" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-male="5" stateProvince="Sao Paulo" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="7500A6F4754FFFCCC3E6FCEEFEEFFC8F" box="[160,261,789,814]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male (
<figureCitation id="328004D3754FFFCCC209FCEEFE53FC8F" box="[335,441,789,814]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1616,1639]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,1114,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-193@5.[163,1153,1114,1585]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Holotype male, 7.25 mm (MNRJcarcino 31359) (A). Allotype female, 3.87 mm (MNRJcarcino 31360) (B). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765218/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Figure 2A</figureCitation>
), body length =
<quantity id="6D43B5B3754FFFCCC136FCEEFD38FC8F" box="[624,722,789,814]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="7.25">7.25 mm</quantity>
, head length =
<quantity id="6D43B5B3754FFFCCC039FCEEFC3EFC8F" box="[895,980,789,814]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC0A6FCEEFED2FCF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC0A6FCEEFED2FCF0" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Gruta da Agua Sumida' Cave" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Gruta da Água Sumida Cave</location>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC205FCC3FCE1FCF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC205FCC3FCE1FCF0" box="[323,779,824,849]" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Parque Estadual Turistico do Alto Ribeira" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira</location>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC050FCC3FC92FCF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC050FCC3FC92FCF0" box="[790,888,824,849]" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Iporanga" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Iporanga</location>
municipality,
<collectingRegion id="687FD6B4754FFFCCC753FCC3FF33FCD2" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">São Paulo state</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="D2AC58C6754FFFCCC3AEFCA1FECEFCD2" box="[232,292,858,883]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="CF8F7E91754FFFCCC270FCA1FE5CFCD2" box="[310,438,858,883]" degrees="24.47833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" precision="1" value="-24.47833">24.47833°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CF8F7E91754FFFCCC282FCA1FDA4FCD2" box="[452,590,858,883]" degrees="48.62889" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" precision="1" value="-48.62889">48.62889°W</geoCoordinate>
), MNRJcarcino 31359,
<date id="DE053E96754FFFCCC012FCA1FC2CFCD2" box="[852,966,858,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" value="2018-07">
<collectingDate id="CE41C77E754FFFCCC012FCA1FC2CFCD2" box="[852,966,858,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" value="2018-07">July 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="074E7D80754FFFCCC092FCA1FB6AFCD2" box="[980,1152,858,883]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Bichuette, M.E.</collectorName>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC3E6FC86FF06FC37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC3E6FC86FF06FC37" box="[160,236,893,918]" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Zepon" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Zepon</location>
,
<collectionCode id="CCAA8093754FFFCCC243FC86FEFFFC37" box="[261,277,893,918]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">T</collectionCode>
. coll;
<typeStatus id="7500A6F4754FFFCCC237FC86FE26FC37" box="[369,460,893,918]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
female (
<figureCitation id="328004D3754FFFCCC10AFC86FD2FFC37" box="[588,709,893,918]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1616,1639]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,1114,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-193@5.[163,1153,1114,1585]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Holotype male, 7.25 mm (MNRJcarcino 31359) (A). Allotype female, 3.87 mm (MNRJcarcino 31360) (B). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765218/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Figure 2B</figureCitation>
), body length =
<quantity id="6D43B5B3754FFFCCC0F8FC86FBD8FC37" box="[958,1074,893,918]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.87" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="3.87">3.87 mm</quantity>
, head length =
<quantity id="6D43B5B3754FFFCCC241FC5BFEB7FC18" box="[263,349,928,953]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC22DFC5BFD45FC18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC22DFC5BFD45FC18" box="[363,687,928,953]" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Gruta da Agua Sumida' Cave" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Gruta da Água Sumida Cave</location>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC1FCFC5BFB6AFC18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC1FCFC5BFB6AFC18" box="[698,1152,928,953]" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Parque Estadual Turistico do Alto Ribeira" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira</location>
,
<location id="AF644E8D754FFFCCC3E6FC39FEE8FC7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2212A940754FFFC5C2CBFD72FE52FCFC:AF644E8D754FFFCCC3E6FC39FEE8FC7A" box="[160,258,962,987]" country="Brazil" county="Zepon" latitude="-24.47833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-48.62889" municipality="Zepon" name="Iporanga" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Iporanga</location>
municipality,
<collectingRegion id="687FD6B4754FFFCCC2DFFC39FDABFC7A" box="[409,577,962,987]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">São Paulo state</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="D2AC58C6754FFFCCC10FFC39FD6EFC7A" box="[585,644,962,987]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="CF8F7E91754FFFCCC052FC39FC70FC7A" box="[788,922,962,987]" degrees="48.62889" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" precision="1" value="-48.62889">48.62889°W</geoCoordinate>
),MNRJcarcino 31360,
<date id="DE053E96754FFFCCC3E6FC1EFEE2FC5F" box="[160,264,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" value="2017-07">
<collectingDate id="CE41C77E754FFFCCC3E6FC1EFEE2FC5F" box="[160,264,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" value="2017-07">July 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="074E7D80754FFFCCC257FC1EFE5EFC5F" box="[273,436,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Bichuette, M.E.</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="4A60822C754FFFCCC2FAFC1EFDECFC5F" box="[444,518,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Zepon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectionCode id="CCAA8093754FFFCCC149FC1EFDCAFC5F" box="[527,544,997,1022]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">T</collectionCode>
., coll.;
<typeStatus id="7500A6F4754FFFCCC125FC1EFD2FFC5F" box="[611,709,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="BCBDD3DF754FFFCCC18DFC1EFCD9FC5F" box="[715,819,997,1022]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
, CCUFLA 455,
<date id="DE053E96754FFFCCC088FC1EFB6AFC5F" box="[974,1152,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" value="2009-11">
<collectingDate id="CE41C77E754FFFCCC088FC1EFB6AFC5F" box="[974,1152,997,1022]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" value="2009-11">November 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="074E7D80754FFFCCC3E6FBF3FEAEFB80" box="[160,324,1032,1057]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Bichuette, M.E.</collectorName>
,
<collectingCounty id="436560DA754FFFCCC208FBF3FE72FB80" box="[334,408,1032,1057]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Zepon</collectingCounty>
,
<collectionCode id="CCAA8093754FFFCCC2E7FBF3FE58FB80" box="[417,434,1032,1057]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">T</collectionCode>
.,
<specimenCount id="BCBDD3DF754FFFCCC286FBF3FDDFFB80" box="[448,565,1032,1057]" count="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCode id="FA1DB02D754FFFCCC179FBF3FD29FB80" box="[575,707,1032,1057]" collectionCode="LES" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" name="Leeds Museums and Galleries" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="Museum">LES0018586</specimenCode>
and
<specimenCode id="FA1DB02D754FFFCCC1BDFBF3FC68FB80" box="[763,898,1032,1057]" collectionCode="LES" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13487" name="Leeds Museums and Galleries" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="Museum">LES0018591</specimenCode>
, same collection site as
<typeStatus id="7500A6F47542FFC1C3E6FAC6FEEFFAF7" box="[160,261,1341,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<date id="DE053E967542FFC1C248FAC6FE6AFAF7" box="[270,384,1341,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" value="2018-04">
<collectingDate id="CE41C77E7542FFC1C248FAC6FE6AFAF7" box="[270,384,1341,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" value="2018-04">April 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="074E7D807542FFC1C2CCFAC6FDC7FAF7" box="[394,557,1341,1366]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Bichuette, M.E.</collectorName>
, Zepon,
<collectionCode id="CCAA80937542FFC1C1CCFAC6FD70FAF7" box="[650,666,1341,1366]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">T</collectionCode>
. coll. (same collection data as holotype),
<specimenCount id="BCBDD3DF7542FFC1C71EFAC6FF0AFAD9" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" type="male">two males</specimenCount>
on slides CCUFLA 456 (same collection data as
<typeStatus id="7500A6F47542FFC1C1B6FAA4FCBCFAD9" box="[752,854,1375,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="FEC448DE754FFFCCC3E6F9ABFEE0F91E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765218" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765218/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" startId="5.[160,225,1616,1639]" targetBox="[163,1153,1114,1584]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA041856754FFFCCC3E6F9ABFEE0F91E" blockId="5.[160,1156,1616,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754FFFCCC3E6F9ABFF13F9C6" bold="true" box="[160,249,1616,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D5754FFFCCC3B8F9ABFE7CF9C6" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[254,406,1616,1639]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754FFFCCC3B8F9ABFE7CF9C6" box="[254,406,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC444754FFFCCC2DDF9ABFE39F9C6" bold="true" box="[411,467,1616,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F754FFFCCC2DDF9ABFE39F9C6" box="[411,467,1616,1639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Gruta da Água Sumida Cave, Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Holotype male, 7.25 mm (MNRJcarcino 31359) (A). Allotype female, 3.87 mm (MNRJcarcino 31360) (B). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEC448DE754CFFCFC3E6F9DAFEFDF90C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="291" startId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" targetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA041856754CFFCFC3E6F9DAFEFDF90C" blockId="6.[160,1156,1569,1709]" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754CFFCFC3E6F9DAFF13F999" bold="true" box="[160,249,1569,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D5754CFFCFC3B8F9DAFE7CF999" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[254,406,1569,1592]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="6" pageNumber="291" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754CFFCFC3B8F9DAFE7CF999" box="[254,406,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC444754CFFCFC2DDF9DAFE39F999" bold="true" box="[411,467,1569,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F754CFFCFC2DDF9DAFE39F999" box="[411,467,1569,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="291" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Gruta da Água Sumida Cave, Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEC448DE754DFFCEC3E6F9D7FDE9F93A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" startId="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" targetBox="[164,1151,143,1546]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA041856754DFFCEC3E6F9D7FDE9F93A" blockId="7.[160,1156,1580,1691]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754DFFCEC3E6F9D7FF13F9E2" bold="true" box="[160,249,1580,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D5754DFFCEC3B8F9D7FE7CF9E2" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[254,406,1580,1603]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC444754DFFCEC3B8F9D7FE7CF9E2" box="[254,406,1580,1603]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC444754DFFCEC2DDF9D7FE39F9E2" bold="true" box="[411,467,1580,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F754DFFCEC2DDF9D7FE39F9E2" box="[411,467,1580,1603]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Gruta da Água Sumida Cave, Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="FEC448DE7542FFC1C3E6FB6EFC13FB47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" startId="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" targetBox="[165,1151,143,1139]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA0418567542FFC1C3E6FB6EFC13FB47" blockId="8.[160,1156,1173,1254]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447542FFC1C3E6FB6EFF13FB0D" bold="true" box="[160,249,1173,1196]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Figure 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57542FFC1C3B8FB6EFE7CFB0D" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[254,406,1173,1196]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447542FFC1C3B8FB6EFE7CFB0D" box="[254,406,1173,1196]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC4447542FFC1C2DDFB6EFE39FB0D" bold="true" box="[411,467,1173,1196]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F7542FFC1C2DDFB6EFE39FB0D" box="[411,467,1173,1196]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Gruta da Água Sumida Cave, Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="E2A14BDD7542FFC2C3E6FA4FFB6EFB04" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="AA0418567542FFC1C3E6FA4FFEFEFA6F" blockId="8.[160,1156,1460,1728]" box="[160,276,1460,1486]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447542FFC1C3E6FA4FFEFEFA6F" bold="true" box="[160,276,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567542FFC1C3E6FA2CFD1EF961" blockId="8.[160,1156,1460,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Body surface smooth. Epimeron 2 postero-distal margin acute. Antennae 1 and 2 shorter than half the body length. Maxilla 1 palp longer than half the distance between the base of the palp and the base of setae on the outer plate; outer plate with 9 serrate setae. Gnathopod 2 propodus ovate, palm subequal to posterior margin of propodus and with a minute posterior excavation, slope oblique. Uropod 1 of the male without a curved seta on inner ramus. Uropod 3 longer than the telson, peduncle and ramus subequal. Coxal gills on segments 26. Sternal gills on segments 27.</paragraph>
<caption id="FEC448DE7543FFC0C3E6FDC9FEE9FD22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14765226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765226/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294" startId="9.[160,225,562,585]" targetBox="[163,1153,144,528]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C3E6FDC9FEE9FD22" blockId="9.[160,1156,562,643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C3E6FDC9FF10FDE8" bold="true" box="[160,250,562,585]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Tree generated for the 16S rRNA gene and species delimitation analysis of
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57543FFC0C0AFFDC9FB6EFDE8" box="[1001,1156,562,585]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C0AFFDC9FBDFFDE8" box="[1001,1077,562,585]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Hyalella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from south-east Brazil. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values.
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57543FFC0C079FDB4FC3FFDC7" baseAuthorityName="Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[831,981,591,614]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="9" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azteca">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C079FDB4FC3FFDC7" box="[831,981,591,614]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Hyalella azteca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was used as an outgroup.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C3E6FD45FF30FD79" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" box="[160,218,702,728]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C3E6FD45FF30FD79" bold="true" box="[160,218,702,728]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C3E6FD1AFD5FFC24" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Mean body length 8.93 ±
<quantity id="6D43B5B37543FFC0C2A9FD1AFDA6FD5B" box="[495,588,737,762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C124FD1AFD99FD5B" box="[610,627,737,762]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">N</emphasis>
= 3) (
<quantity id="6D43B5B37543FFC0C18DFD1AFC62FD5B" box="[715,904,737,762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.35" metricValueMax="11.45" metricValueMin="7.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="9.35" valueMax="11.45" valueMin="7.25">7.2511.45 mm</quantity>
); mean head length 0.9 ±
<quantity id="6D43B5B37543FFC0C39AFCFFFED6FCBC" box="[220,316,772,797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
(
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C20CFCFFFEB1FCBC" box="[330,347,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">N</emphasis>
= 3) (
<quantity id="6D43B5B37543FFC0C2D1FCFFFDC0FCBC" box="[407,554,772,797]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.35" metricValueMax="8.7" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="0.735" valueMax="0.87" valueMin="0.6">0.60.87 mm</quantity>
). Body surface smooth. Epimeral plates 2 accuminated (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C3EEFCDCFEE4FCE1" box="[168,270,807,832]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3I</figureCitation>
). Coxae 13 similar (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C144FCDCFD64FCE1" box="[514,654,807,832]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[163,1153,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 4AC</figureCitation>
), subequal in size; coxa 4 as wide as long, excavated posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C2D9FCB2FDE6FCC3" box="[415,524,841,866]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[163,1153,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 4D</figureCitation>
); coxae 57 with some scattered microtrichs (very small, not represented in the drawings). Eyes present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C386FC74FE8CFB92" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Antenna 1 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C208FC74FE55FC09" box="[334,447,911,936]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3A</figureCitation>
) shorter than half the body length (0.3× the body length), 0.8× the length of antenna 2, 1.6× longer than the peduncle of antenna 2 and 1.5× longer than the flagellum of antenna 2. Peduncle articles 13 relative length 1:0.82:0.63; flagellum with 1718 articles; aesthetascs occurring distally on flagellum starting at article 5 until the last one.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C386FBC7FE9DFB3B" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Antenna 2 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C20BFBC7FE57FBF4" box="[333,445,1084,1109]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3B</figureCitation>
) not reaching half the body length (0.4× the body length); peduncle slender, almost 4× the length of the head; flagellum with 15 articles, 1.1× longer than the peduncle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C386FB5FFEADFA84" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Mandible without palp; incisor toothed; left (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C181FB5FFCDCFB1C" box="[711,822,1188,1213]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3C</figureCitation>
)
<emphasis id="98CFC4447543FFC0C001FB5FFC0CFB1C" box="[839,998,1188,1213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">lacinia mobilis</emphasis>
with 5 teeth, setae row with 4 pappose setae, an accessory seta on the molar process; right mandible (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C3EEFB12FEF2FAA3" box="[168,280,1257,1282]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3D</figureCitation>
) with 2 pappose setae and some setules; molar process cylindrical with an accessory seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C386FAD4FBE3FACB" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Upper lip (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C206FAD4FE47FAE9" box="[320,429,1327,1352]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3E</figureCitation>
) margin rounded; distal border covered by setules. Lower lip (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C3EEFAAAFEFBFACB" box="[168,273,1361,1386]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3F</figureCitation>
) outer lobes rounded, distally notched, covered by setules apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C386FA8FFE97F9B9" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Maxilla 1 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C27DFA8FFE47FA2C" box="[315,429,1396,1421]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3G</figureCitation>
) inner plate slender, with 2 apical pappose setae and lateral setules. Outer plate with 9 serrate setae, and a few setules on the inner margin, apically. Palp relatively long, uniarticulate, longer than wide, reaching more than half the distance between the base of the palp and base of the setae on the outer plate, with 1 simple seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567543FFC0C386F9DAFEBEF903" blockId="9.[160,1156,702,1698]" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">
Maxilla 2 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37543FFC0C271F9DAFE4DF99B" box="[311,423,1569,1594]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="294">Figure 3H</figureCitation>
) inner plate shorter than outer plate, inner plate with 2 strong pappose setae distally and some simple and pappose setae disto-apically, and setules laterally; outer plate with long simple setae and some serrate setae, disto-apically, and setules laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567540FFC3C386FF75FDC4FE3B" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">
Maxilliped (
<figureCitation id="328004D37540FFC3C202FF75FE46FF06" box="[324,428,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">Figure 3J</figureCitation>
) without comb scales; inner plate with 3 cuspidate distal setae apically, a few pappose setae disto-apically; outer plate with several long simple setae on the inner margin and 2 smaller simple setae on the outer margin; palp longer than inner and outer plates, with 4 articles; article 1 inner margin with up to 4 long simple setae and outer margin with 3 simple setae; article 2 inner margin with several long simple setae and outer margin with 4 long simple setae; article 3 distal inner and outer margins with several long and thin simple setae; article 4 (dactylus) unguiform with distal nail present, with up to 5 simple setae, shorter than nail.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567540FFC3C386FE5FFDD9FCFC" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">
Gnathopod 1 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37540FFC3C22FFE5FFE32FE1C" box="[361,472,420,445]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[163,1153,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
) subchelate; coxal plate 1.7× wider than long, with simple setae on the margin and up to 3 serrate setae on the posterior inner face, close to the attachment of the basis; basis with 5 serrate setae on the posterior margin, 1 small simple setae on the disto-anterior margin and 2 serrate setae on the disto-posterior margin; ischium with 1 serrate seta and 1 simple seta postero-apically; merus with 7 serrate setae and 1 pappose seta posteriorly; carpus longer than wide, with pappose setae on the lateral distal lobe, 5 pappose setae on inner margin, up to 9 serrate setae antero-distally, and 2 serrate setae on the anterior margin; propodus 1.5× longer than wide, hammer shaped, up to 10 long simple setae on disto-posterior margin, comb-scales on the disto-posterior corner, numerous long and short simple setae on disto-anterior margin; palm slope transverse, with several long and short simple setae; up to 10 pappose setae and 1 cuspidate seta with accessory seta on inner face; dactylus claw-like, with polygonal pattern and a plumose seta distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567540FFC3C386FC9DFE79FB7B" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">
Gnathopod 2 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37540FFC3C225FC9DFE26FCDE" box="[355,460,870,895]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[163,1153,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
) subchelate, without comb scales; coxal plate 1.9× wider than long, with simple setae on the margin; basis with 6 long serrate setae on posterior margin, 1 short simple seta on anterior margin, and up to 2 serrate setae disto-posteriorly; ischium with 3 serrate setae disto-posteriorly; merus with 9 serrate setae, divided into 2 groups, disto-posteriorly; carpus lobe slim, produced between merus and propodus, posterior margin with pappose setae, disto-anterior margin with 5 serrate setae; propodus ovate, posterior margin 1.3× longer than the palm, slope oblique, posterior margin with several short simple setae, disto-posterior corner with polygonal pattern, palm posteriorly excavated, some short cuspidate setae with accessory setae and some simple setae, anterior margin with a few simple setae; dactylus claw-like, congruent with palm and with 1 plumose seta distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567540FFC2C386FB1FFBD0FF4C" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,1727]" lastBlockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">
Pereopods 37 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37540FFC3C238FB1FFDE1FB5C" box="[382,523,1252,1277]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1580,1603]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-1@7.[163,1153,142,1548]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: gnathopod 1 (A); gnathopod 2 (B); pereopod 3 (C); pereopod 4 (D); pereopod 5 (E); pereopod 6 (F); pereopod 7 (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765222" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765222/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="295">Figure 4CG</figureCitation>
) simple. Simple setae distally on all coxae, and a few microtrichs on inner face of coxae 57; coxa 3 similar to 1 and 2; coxa 4 as long as wide, excavated posteriorly; coxa 5 posterior lobe longer than anterior lobe; coxa 6 anterior lobe reduced; coxa 7 reduced. Pereopods 35 subequal in size, pereopod 6 1.3× longer than P35 and slightly longer than P7. Pereopods 3 and 4 basis with 2 to 3 groups of 1 or 2 serrate setae on the posterior margin, 2 to 3 serrate setae on the disto-posterior margins of basis and ischium, 3 to 5 groups of 1 to 3 simple setae on the posterior margin of the merus, 4 to 7 groups of simple and/or cuspidate setae with accessory setae on the posterior margins of carpus and propodus; pereopod 3 merus with 2 cuspidate setae with accessory seta on the anterior margin. Pereopods 57 with small simple setae on the posterior margin of the basis, 2 or 3 serrate setae postero-apically, 7 to 9 groups of 1 to 2 cuspidate setae with or without accessory seta on the anterior margins of the basis, and up to 5 cuspidate setae with accessory seta on the disto-anterior margin; merus posterior margins with 2 curved cuspidate setae with accessory seta; merus, carpus and propodus anterior margins with 2 to 5 groups of cuspidate setae with or without accessory seta and simple setae, disto-anterior and disto-posterior margins with up to 9 cuspidate setae with accessory seta. Pereopods 37 dactylus with a plumose seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FF0DFD14FE93" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Pleopods (
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C279FF0DFE59FEAE" box="[319,435,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-124@8.[163,1153,142,1141]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 5A</figureCitation>
) peduncle half the length of the rami, no coupling spines observed, both rami with several long plumose setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FEC7FE8FFDA3" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Uropod 1 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C20EFEC7FE51FEF4" box="[328,443,316,341]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-124@8.[163,1153,142,1141]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 5B</figureCitation>
) peduncle 1.3× longer than inner ramus and 1.5× longer than the outer ramus, with up to 6 cuspidate setae with accessory seta; inner ramus 1.2× longer than the outer ramus, with 3 cuspidate setae with accessory seta on dorsal margin and 5 cuspidate setae (3 longer, 2 shorter) apically; outer ramus with 3 cuspidate setae on dorsal margin and 4 cuspidate setae (2 longer, 2 shorter) apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FDF7FD72FD73" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Uropod 2 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C27FFDF7FE4EFD84" box="[313,420,524,549]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-124@8.[163,1153,142,1141]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 5C</figureCitation>
) less than 0.7× the total length of uropod 1, 1.2× longer than the peduncle of uropod 1, peduncle subequal to inner ramus, 1.2× longer than the outer ramus, with 3 cuspidate setae; inner ramus 1.2× longer than outer ramus, with 2 cuspidate setae with accessory seta on dorsal margin and 4 cuspidate setae (2 longer, 2 shorter) apically; outer ramus with 3 cuspidate setae with accessory seta on dorsal margin and 4 cuspidate setae (2 longer, 2 shorter) apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FD27FDB5FCDE" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Uropod 3 (
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C27FFD27FE4CFD54" box="[313,422,732,757]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-124@8.[163,1153,142,1141]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 5D</figureCitation>
) half the length of the peduncle of uropod 1 and 0.9× the length of the peduncle of uropod 2, 1.2× longer than the telson; peduncle with 4 cuspidate setae on inner distal margin; inner ramus absent; outer ramus with a small dentation midway bearing 1 cuspidate seta with accessory seta, and 5 cuspidate setae with an accessory seta and a triangular cuspidate seta apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FC72FD62FC64" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Telson (
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C251FC72FE95FC03" box="[279,383,905,930]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[160,225,1173,1196]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,143,1139]" captionTargetId="figure-124@8.[163,1153,142,1141]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: pleopod (A); uropod 1 (B); uropod 2 (C); uropod 3 (D); telson (E). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765224/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 5E</figureCitation>
) entire, as long as wide, apically rounded with 2 simple setae; 2 small plumose setae on each side, symmetrically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FC35FC45FBAB" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Epimeron (
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C278FC35FE4EFC46" box="[318,420,974,999]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,143,1535]" captionTargetId="figure-1@6.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Paratype male, 8.09 mm: antenna 1 (A); antenna 2 (B); left mandible (C); right mandible (D); upper lip (E); lower lip (F); maxilla 1 (G); maxilla 2 (H); epimeral plates (I); maxilliped (J). Scale bars: A, B = 0.5 mm; CH = 0.1 mm; I = 1 mm; J = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765220" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765220/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 3I</figureCitation>
) 1 and 3 postero-distal margin sub-acute, epimeron 2 postero-distal margin acute; first epimeron shorter than the second and third.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C386FBEFFBCAFB8C" blockId="11.[160,1156,142,1069]" box="[192,1056,1044,1069]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Coxal gills sac-like on pereonites 26. Sternal gills tubular on pereonites 27.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6FB93FF1CFB23" blockId="11.[160,1156,1128,1189]" box="[160,246,1128,1154]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C3E6FB93FF1CFB23" bold="true" box="[160,246,1128,1154]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6FB77FB6EFB04" blockId="11.[160,1156,1128,1189]" box="[160,1156,1164,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
(
<figureCitation id="328004D37541FFC2C3EEFB77FEFAFB04" box="[168,272,1164,1189]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[160,225,1616,1639]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,1114,1584]" captionTargetId="figure-193@5.[163,1153,1114,1585]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Hyalella sumida sp. n., Gruta da Água Sumida Cave,Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira (24° 28 42” S; 48° 37 44” W), municipality of Iporanga, state of São Paulo. Holotype male, 7.25 mm (MNRJcarcino 31359) (A). Allotype female, 3.87 mm (MNRJcarcino 31360) (B). Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14765218" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14765218/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Figure 2B</figureCitation>
).
<typeStatus id="7500A6F47541FFC2C265FB77FE6AFB04" box="[291,384,1164,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
female not dissected. Body length =
<quantity id="6D43B5B37541FFC2C05AFB77FC95FB04" box="[796,895,1164,1189]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.87" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="3.87">3.87 mm</quantity>
; head length =
<quantity id="6D43B5B37541FFC2C76CFB77FB6AFB04" box="[1066,1152,1164,1189]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2A14BDD7541FFC2C3E6FB1BFD9FF91B" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6FB1BFEF7FB5B" blockId="11.[160,1155,1248,1343]" box="[160,285,1248,1274]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C3E6FB1BFEF7FB5B" bold="true" box="[160,285,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6FAFFFED7FA9E" blockId="11.[160,1155,1248,1343]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
The species epithet
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57541FFC2C2C6FAFFFE3AFABC" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[384,464,1284,1309]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C2C6FAFFFE3AFABC" box="[384,464,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a reference to the cave where this species occurs, Gruta da Água Sumida.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6FA80FF13FA34" blockId="11.[160,1155,1403,1533]" box="[160,249,1403,1429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C3E6FA80FF13FA34" bold="true" box="[160,249,1403,1429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Habitat</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6FA65FCECFA5C" blockId="11.[160,1155,1403,1533]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
Freshwater, hypogean, troglophilic species (organisms able to live their entire life in a cave). A few specimens of
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57541FFC2C2B4FA3AFD4EFA7B" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[498,676,1473,1498]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C2B4FA3AFD4EFA7B" box="[498,676,1473,1498]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C1E8FA3AFD1BFA7B" bold="true" box="[686,753,1473,1498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F7541FFC2C1E8FA3AFD1BFA7B" box="[686,753,1473,1498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were found in the water pools of Gruta da Água Sumida Cave, showing low abundance.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6F9C3FED6F9F3" blockId="11.[160,1155,1592,1722]" box="[160,316,1592,1618]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C3E6F9C3FED6F9F3" bold="true" box="[160,316,1592,1618]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Conservation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567541FFC2C3E6F9A7FD9FF91B" blockId="11.[160,1155,1592,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57541FFC2C3E6F9A7FEA5F9D4" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[160,335,1628,1653]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C3E6F9A7FEA5F9D4" box="[160,335,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC4447541FFC2C210F9A7FE7DF9D4" bold="true" box="[342,407,1628,1653]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F7541FFC2C210F9A7FE7DF9D4" box="[342,407,1628,1653]" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is classified as endangered (EN) based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) subcategory B1 (&lt;
<quantity id="6D43B5B37541FFC2C1AFF985FCA2F936" box="[745,840,1662,1687]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="296" unit="km" value="5000.0">5000 km</quantity>
2 area of occurrence) and D1 (&lt;250 mature individuals) (ICMBIO 2013).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E2A14BDD7546FFC5C3E6FF75FE52FCFC" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AA0418567546FFC5C3E6FF75FEECFF09" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,861]" box="[160,262,142,168]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C3E6FF75FEECFF09" bold="true" box="[160,262,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA0418567546FFC5C3E6FF49FE52FCFC" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,861]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C3E6FF49FEBFFF6A" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[160,341,178,203]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C3E6FF49FEBFFF6A" box="[160,341,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">Hyalella sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C224FF49FE4DFF6A" bold="true" box="[354,423,178,203]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F7546FFC5C224FF49FE4DFF6A" box="[354,423,178,203]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is a troglophilic species, with no apparent specialisations to subterranean life. One unusual characteristic is the presence of setae on the anterior margin of the carpus of gnathopod 1 (besides the ones present at the disto-anterior margin), which differentiate it from almost all of the known species of the genus. Considering the Brazilian species,
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C179FEC7FD5EFEF4" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[575,692,316,341]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C179FEC7FD5EFEF4" box="[575,692,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C184FEC7FCE3FEF4" bold="true" box="[706,777,316,341]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F7546FFC5C184FEC7FCE3FEF4" box="[706,777,316,341]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is different from 21 described species of
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C259FEA4FE9DFED9" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1874" box="[287,375,351,376]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C259FEA4FE9DFED9" box="[287,375,351,376]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">Hyalella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of a curved seta on the inner ramus of the male uropod 1. There are 19 other species (described and/or under description) that lack this seta. We can distinguish
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C153FE5FFD66FE1C" authorityName="Penoni &amp; Bichuette &amp; Bochini &amp; Mantelatto &amp; Bueno" authorityYear="2025" box="[533,652,420,445]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sumida" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C153FE5FFD66FE1C" box="[533,652,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. sumida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C1DDFE5FFD0EFE1C" bold="true" box="[667,740,420,445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="83FC793F7546FFC5C1DDFE5FFD0EFE1C" box="[667,740,420,445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C07EFE5FFBA3FE1C" authority="Pereira, 1989" authorityName="Pereira" authorityYear="1989" box="[824,1097,420,445]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeca">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C07EFE5FFC74FE1C" box="[824,926,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. caeca</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C0EAFE5FFBA3FE1C" author="Pereira VFGC" box="[940,1097,420,445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="49 - 55" refId="ref8649" refString="Pereira VFGC. 1989. Uma nova especie de anfipode cavernicola do Brasil: hyalella caeca sp. nov. (Amphipoda, Hyalellidae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia. 6: 49 - 55. doi: 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81751989000100007" type="journal article" year="1989">Pereira, 1989</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C3E6FE3CFCD3FE41" authority="Bastos-Pereira, Oliveira and Ferreira, 2018" authorityName="Bastos-Pereira, Oliveira and Ferreira" authorityYear="2018" box="[160,825,455,480]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="troglofugia">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C3E6FE3CFED4FE41" box="[160,318,455,480]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. troglofugia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C20DFE3CFCD3FE41" author="Bastos-Pereira R &amp; Oliveira MPA &amp; Ferreira RL" box="[331,825,455,480]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="254 - 266" refId="ref7158" refString="Bastos-Pereira R, Oliveira MPA, Ferreira RL. 2018. Anophtalmic and epigean? Description of an intriguing new species of Hyalella (Amphipoda, Hyalellidae) from Brazil. Zootaxa. 4407 (2): 254 - 266. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4407.2.6." type="journal article" year="2018">Bastos-Pereira, Oliveira and Ferreira, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, because these are species that lack eyes and have the maxilla 1 palp short. The relative size of the palp can be used to differentiate the new species from all but one (
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C013FDF7FC08FD84" box="[853,994,524,549]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="temimina">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C013FDF7FC08FD84" box="[853,994,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. temimina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) of these 19 species. One important difference between the new species and
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C0ECFDD4FBDFFDE9" box="[938,1077,559,584]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="temimina">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C0ECFDD4FBDFFDE9" box="[938,1077,559,584]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. temimina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the comb scale and polygonal pattern presence and distribution at the gnathopods. And the new species has an antenna 2 shorter than half the body length, which is different from
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C399FD6CFD68FD11" authority="Bueno and Cardoso, 2011" authorityName="Bueno and Cardoso" authorityYear="2011" box="[223,642,663,688]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spelaea">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C399FD6CFEBBFD11" box="[223,337,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. spelaea</emphasis>
Bueno and
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C299FD6CFD68FD11" author="Cardoso GM &amp; Bueno AAP &amp; Ferreira RL" box="[479,642,663,688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="17 - 26" refId="ref7375" refString="Cardoso GM, Bueno AAP, Ferreira RL. 2011. A new troglobiotic species of Hyalella (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Nauplius. 19 (1): 17 - 26. doi: 10.1590 / S 0104 - 64972011000100003." type="journal article" year="2011">Cardoso, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C1D6FD6CFC85FD11" author="Cardoso GM &amp; Bueno AAP &amp; Ferreira RL" box="[656,879,663,688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="17 - 26" refId="ref7375" refString="Cardoso GM, Bueno AAP, Ferreira RL. 2011. A new troglobiotic species of Hyalella (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Dogielinotidae) from Southeastern Brazil. Nauplius. 19 (1): 17 - 26. doi: 10.1590 / S 0104 - 64972011000100003." type="journal article" year="2011">
Cardoso
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C1BEFD6CFCC3FD11" box="[760,809,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C0C0FD6CFDDAFD72" authority="(Faxon, 1876) (Gonzalez and Watling 2003)" authorityName="Gonzalez and Watling" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Faxon" baseAuthorityYear="1876" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilicornis">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C0C0FD6CFBC3FD11" box="[902,1065,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. gracilicornis</emphasis>
(Faxon, 1876) (
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C3ABFD41FDCDFD72" author="Gonzalez ER &amp; Watling L" box="[237,551,698,723]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="2045 - 2076" refId="ref7769" refString="Gonzalez ER, Watling L. 2003. A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. J Nat His. 37 (17): 2045 - 2076. doi: 10.1080 / 00222930210133237." type="journal article" year="2003">González and Watling 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C17AFD41FF3DFD54" authority="Limberger, Graichen and Castiglioni, 2021" authorityName="Limberger, Graichen and Castiglioni" authorityYear="2021" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiprodus">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C17AFD41FD37FD72" box="[572,733,698,723]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. longiprodus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C1A3FD41FF3DFD54" author="Limberger M &amp; Castiglioni DS &amp; Graichen DAS" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="182 - 200" refId="ref8114" refString="Limberger M, Castiglioni DS, Graichen DAS. 2021. A new species of freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Peracarida, Hyalellidae) from Southern Brazil. Zootaxa. 5026 (2): 182 - 200. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5026.2. 2." type="journal article" year="2021">Limberger, Graichen and Castiglioni, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C3AEFD27FE0EFD54" author="Limberger M &amp; Castiglioni DS &amp; Graichen DAS" box="[232,484,732,757]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="182 - 200" refId="ref8114" refString="Limberger M, Castiglioni DS, Graichen DAS. 2021. A new species of freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Peracarida, Hyalellidae) from Southern Brazil. Zootaxa. 5026 (2): 182 - 200. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5026.2. 2." type="journal article" year="2021">
Limberger
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C22FFD27FE76FD54" box="[361,412,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
. 2021
</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C2BAFD27FB6EFD54" authority="(Faxon, 1876) (Gonzalez and Watling 2003)" authorityName="Gonzalez and Watling" authorityYear="2003" baseAuthorityName="Faxon" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[508,1156,732,757]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longistila">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C2BAFD27FD68FD54" box="[508,642,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. longistila</emphasis>
(Faxon, 1876) (
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C07EFD27FB91FD54" author="Gonzalez ER &amp; Watling L" box="[824,1147,732,757]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="2045 - 2076" refId="ref7769" refString="Gonzalez ER, Watling L. 2003. A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. J Nat His. 37 (17): 2045 - 2076. doi: 10.1080 / 00222930210133237." type="journal article" year="2003">González and Watling 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C390FD04FDF2FCB9" authority="Stebbing, 1899" authorityName="Stebbing" authorityYear="1899" box="[214,536,767,792]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="warmingi">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C390FD04FEB5FCB9" box="[214,351,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. warmingi</emphasis>
Stebbing, 1899
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CE2A65A77546FFC5C16FFD04FC81FCB9" author="Gonzalez ER &amp; Watling L" box="[553,875,767,792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" pagination="2045 - 2076" refId="ref7769" refString="Gonzalez ER, Watling L. 2003. A new species of Hyalella from Brazil (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyalellidae), with redescriptions of three other species in the genus. J Nat His. 37 (17): 2045 - 2076. doi: 10.1080 / 00222930210133237." type="journal article" year="2003">González and Watling 2003</bibRefCitation>
) which have antenna 2 longer than half the body length, and from
<taxonomicName id="6DBB63D57546FFC5C1E3FCD9FCC3FC9A" authorityName="Lares, Penoni and Bueno" authorityYear="2021" box="[677,809,802,827]" class="Malacostraca" family="Hyalellidae" genus="Hyalella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgineae">
<emphasis id="98CFC4447546FFC5C1E3FCD9FCC3FC9A" box="[677,809,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="297">H. virgineae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has antenna 2 as long as half the body length.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>