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<document id="E1B3C1BA663336A157360064E3AA541F" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbaf07c3-e032-4222-8555-bbdc95372617" ModsDocAuthor="Schoedl," ModsDocDate="2007" ModsDocID="21287" ModsDocOrigin="http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=21287" ModsDocTitle="Revision of Australian Meranoplus: the Meranoplus diversus group." checkinTime="1243372256308" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Schoedl," docDate="2007" docId="4AD23D48C1C4DFC7E4C28D2AAA5E0E5C" docLanguage="en" docName="21287" docOrigin="Advances in ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Homage to E. O. Wilson - 50 years of contributions. (Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 80)" docSource="http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=21287" docTitle="Meranoplus unicolor Forel" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="379" masterDocId="42E6266F18B0EA9DE2C9C136B9335E09" masterDocTitle="Revision of Australian Meranoplus: the Meranoplus diversus group." masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="370" pageNumber="378" updateTime="1701311438645" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7BCC3AA03ABC4A98922383A9565E0638">Revision of Australian Meranoplus: the Meranoplus diversus group.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="48A029BB74A1DD263E0259CD5B64DBBF">Snelling, R. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="25CC28B16146DE7F459CBC856F7ECA71">Fisher, B. L.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="4AD23D48C1C4DFC7E4C28D2AAA5E0E5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6241222" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125136638" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6241222" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD23D48C1C4DFC7E4C28D2AAA5E0E5C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4AD23D48C1C4DFC7E4C28D2AAA5E0E5C" lastPageNumber="379" pageNumber="378">
<subSubSection id="387DFBC2457BA3D3D4A75268D783163C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D1A03880D94931936BED91F145594EAB" pageNumber="378">
<taxonomicName id="17100806518911DCA86C712FAD0C0954" ID-CoL="3ZTD7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:30652" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Meranoplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Meranoplus unicolor Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">Meranoplus unicolor Forel</taxonomicName>
, 1902
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CB46EBBC0124C2FA5E6785E4A3ADC4B7" type="description">
<paragraph id="CA63A313BB50A51CD850455AA6049302" pageNumber="378">(Figs. 4, 5, 54, 79, 91)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="680B7D93A015108A59AFCD7629557ACC" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="A6A0CEF434F2D2518E9D4FCD35CE099C" pageNumber="378">
<taxonomicName id="F76696F1B4E3B90FB103E521908AADFE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:140120" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Meranoplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Meranoplus diversus r. unicolor Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="diversus" subSpecies="unicolor">Meranoplus diversus Sm. r. unicolor Forel</taxonomicName>
, 1902: 455
<materialsCitation id="5C6D28736ED7272DDE1A508036ED5486" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639198" country="Australia" location="King Sound" stateProvince="Western Australia">
(
<location id="EB6FCB1B18EBEBA05E5D9B3994AEF89C" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:F6EF2C3ACB7C81B5BB3950CC43CF96E4" country="Australia" name="King Sound" stateProvince="Western Australia">King Sound</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="54CFEF02FCAC0610AAEB4C440E807315">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
; worker)
</materialsCitation>
- Taylor &amp; Brown, 1985: 67 (catalogue), Taylor, 1987: 38 (listed), Taylor, 1990: 34 (raised to species), Bolton, 1995: 252 (catalogue), Shattuck, 1999: 143 (listed). Lectotype worker (
<collectionCode id="0AF7B9CDF88E343698F6172EE20EA4C3" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
, here designated), ' Typus [printed on red label] \
<taxonomicName id="8F4EDD91C262698B9280A34288C0852C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:30612" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Meranoplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Meranoplus diversus Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diversus">M. diversus</taxonomicName>
&amp; # 9792; Sm r.
<taxonomicName id="AA9F5987C45E037961616751C47A0C7D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:30652" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Meranoplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Meranoplus unicolor Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">unicolor</taxonomicName>
For Kings Sound N. W. Austr Frogatt [handwritten] \ 8 \ r.
<taxonomicName id="DD3A760C16C782127FB6A63A73D32DEC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:30652" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Meranoplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Meranoplus unicolor Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="378" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">M. unicolor Forel</taxonomicName>
[handwritten] \ Coll. Forel'; 4 paralectotypes in
<collectionCode id="3059DE6FBEE47C45E24B9DA734F7F21E" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="E36A908F9CF8978F600EE479B4CF76A5" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle">MHNG</collectionCode>
. According to Taylor (1990) one further syntype in Mus Victoria (not examined).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB14B6AFB67D83EC904FB5B36BB524A7" type="description">
<paragraph id="5C7F2ADA291E181CBBD8925B348E1738" pageNumber="378">WORKERS (n = 22). TL 6.15 - 8.40, HL 1.66 - 2.15, HW 1.78 - 2.37, FC 1.27 - 1.73, CS 1.72 - 2.26, SL 0.88 - 1.1, SI 1 44 - 52, SI 2 46 - 54, PML 1.0 - 1.4, PW 1.38 - 1.85, PMI 118 - 138, PMD 1.28 - 1.80, PMI 2 89 - 100, ML 1.45 - 1.97, PSL 0.48 - 0.85, PTLL 0.46 - 0.63, PTLH 0.60 - 0.83, PTDW 0.6 - 0.85, PPLL 0.4 - 0.64, PPLH 0.55 - 0.83, PPI 64 - 77, PPDW 0.55 - 0.88, PT / PP 93 - 109.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CCA8C79AE4348028FA16C9741909E862" pageNumber="378">Mandibles with three teeth. In full face view clypeal projection distinctly exceeding anterolateral frontal corners, with a median bicarinate flat elaboration, that may considerably surpass the anterior clypeal margin. Frontal carinae sinuately narrowed towards clypeus, distinctly narrower than head width (FI 134 - 148). Head weakly to distinctly wider than long (CI 104 - 118), preoccipital margin distinctly concave. Antennal scrobe in lateral view posteriorly surpassing middle of length of head, merging into lateral sides far before posterior corners; distinctly transversely carinulate at rear, occasionally with additional shagreen. Genae and ventrolateral sides of head carinate to rugose, preoccipital lobes reticulate. Eyes of moderate size (EL 0.30 - 0.36, REL 0.16 - 0.20, with 16 - 19 ommatidia in the longest row), in lateral view situated in anterior half of lateral sides of head, not reaching ventral scrobal margin. Dorsal surface of head with additional microreticulum between ridges of rugo-reticulation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="179524DB65EE0F8DD8A2A8C26DF01F91" pageNumber="378">Promesonotal shield only very narrowly translucently margined. Mesonotum posteriorly markedly narrowing with the posterolateral projections reduced and bluntly rounded, occasionally as more or less well developed acute denticles. Propodeal declivity visible from above. Propodeal spines due to variable body size varying in length (0.48 - 0.85), situated above middle of length of declivity, acute and considerably diverging when seen from above.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC66DAE017435A202FB98BFC641FA205" pageNumber="378">Petiole in lateral view higher than long (PTI 70 - 86), box-shaped to roughly triangular with anterior and posterior faces meeting in an angle. Postpetiole nodiform with short to mediumsized antero-basal tooth.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F55637AFDEB1BABE33E9B64E25A5592" pageNumber="378">First gastral tergite entirely and distinctly striate to punctate-striate, with lateral striation on corresponding ventrite as well. Surface covered with moderately dense regular pilosity consisting of shorter decumbent hairs and longer erect ones, pilosity on dorsal head shorter than that on mesosoma and gaster.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E3B26F312D6E06B55723F0F3AE797613" pageNumber="378">Concolorous brown to dark-brown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3F76B138C59C7F7D8681A3108EB6935D" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E17F42DF179E66B188BE0C084A90CA92" pageNumber="378">MATERIALEXAMINED</paragraph>
<paragraph id="302BFCD21CAFADEB051FC32750FB03DE" pageNumber="379">
<materialsCitation id="BE5B5B4D6E1F92D7ADBE34645F91FE52" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639203" collectingDate="1993-10-24" collectorName="McArthur &amp; Adams" country="Australia" location="Box Creek" stateProvince="South Australia">
<collectingRegion id="03A37C73C3D65534CD7627DC9D9E963C">South Australia</collectingRegion>
:
<locationDeviation id="3040A5078BE1FEACA676E6AE1642C561">6 km SE</locationDeviation>
<location id="ECC34039BD6E4F6676F0D086E7B5BE83" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:8C73CB3A18D1B34849FB985E20B8E804" country="Australia" name="Box Creek" stateProvince="South Australia">Box Creek</location>
,
<collectingDate id="9621A1C6D63F8884921A17572BA71C40" day="24" month="09">24. ix.</collectingDate>
/
<collectingDate id="D742BCAC30D277A303820AB1F14DF839" day="24" month="10" value="1993-10-24" year="1993">24. x. 1993</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="0C5943507C939DFBF0A414EE15F46E69">McArthur &amp; Adams</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="68FF5205E110A426D1C9AB4AA514DDA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639219" collectingDate="1998-09-19" country="Australia" location="Anta Hill" stateProvince="South Australia">
<locationDeviation id="1A1304EE952F8B8BDB27B1E2A8EB761D">19.5 km WNW</locationDeviation>
<location id="DC599A50F3684E6A2F48148E949AE748" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:03DA214C1F928494CE7128F6AB670397" country="Australia" name="Anta Hill" stateProvince="South Australia">Anta Hill</location>
,
<collectingDate id="C0E20246540BDF8FB3AD95A8B0C93DA3" day="19" month="09" value="1998-09-19" year="1998">16. - 19. ix. 1998</collectingDate>
(coll. unknown)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="1839FCCD367BBAA9A0BF13AE33C741C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639216" collectingDate="1981-10-06" collectorName="D. Davidson &amp; S. Morton" country="Australia" location="Macumba Station" stateProvince="South Australia">
<locationDeviation id="BD4D2746827D764425FFC6D5EE3BE991">20 km NE</locationDeviation>
<location id="39299A4FEA7E0864BB793770B54BAC7B" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:565D5B143B25B9A9F0BABFA5D9F0EE59" country="Australia" name="Macumba Station" stateProvince="South Australia">Macumba Station</location>
,
<collectingDate id="7865F902B7E6AECBF97CEE48F350CC07" day="06" month="10" value="1981-10-06" year="1981">6. x. 1981</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="0B6412A08A6BABDE0F9C1FD2080DE159">D. Davidson &amp; S. Morton</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="2A537795D366492D33EBD348616840F6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639200" collectingDate="1986-08-08" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Kununurra" stateProvince="Western Australia">
<collectingRegion id="F5EAA2E61634D0A4A38246AB75A6059F">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="ADF09904368E6D5A0D4A90A6082CD35D" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:C6C06D941EA68273BD78F5E792D920B6" country="Australia" name="Kununurra" stateProvince="Western Australia">Kununurra</location>
,
<collectingDate id="D68D1CFF5DF5250B8005C15061C9A3A0" day="08" month="08" value="1986-08-08" year="1986">8. viii. 1986</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="8551DD2041125B2D34A402DF65792B91">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4F0B37E7CE268EB3CDD47B31AABAAD80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639202" collectingDate="1986-08-11" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Broome" stateProvince="Western Australia">
<location id="8F5D7A6A8D79436CE5E0EF410656467A" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:B25ED9D43E7A4AEDE823F66E79BB69D4" country="Australia" name="Broome" stateProvince="Western Australia">Broome</location>
,
<collectingDate id="0318B91B3CCC480B03C4697F2AC008FD" day="11" month="08" value="1986-08-11" year="1986">11. viii. 1986</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="EE5CA3F16ED3C9CE5094640948E775D7">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4776F6F737AEE6D0A62037CCDA972428" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639220" collectingDate="1963-04-17" collectorName="McInnes &amp; Dowse" country="Australia" location="Broome" stateProvince="Western Australia">
24 mi SE
<location id="9F8B68382F69AFF8CFD8D186FF5AA982" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:124A14A8615E21CF5FEDE2E656166997" country="Australia" name="Broome" stateProvince="Western Australia">Broome</location>
,
<collectingDate id="C202341A5381CB9116FFEDAE14DF1331" day="17" month="04" value="1963-04-17" year="1963">17. iv. 1963</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="43AFA913906C298273165C3D73E081AC">McInnes &amp; Dowse</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7ACA53CAFC217A30F7940D617A92B720" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639201" country="Australia" location="King's Sound" specimenCode="Forel No 8" stateProvince="Western Australia">
<location id="98A4AC910AAC58FA57DEE80A4D98AA27" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:96D0FACDD52FA4100ABEAFF763DE5CEF" country="Australia" name="King's Sound" stateProvince="Western Australia">King's Sound</location>
, '
<specimenCode id="DE1F675245BE5B659A80AB67F8756D9D">Forel No 8</specimenCode>
'
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="23F0C6D5504775E254B45C3FD687FEA0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639199" collectingDate="1997-05-20" collectorName="J. &amp; J. Schapel" country="Australia" location="Tempe Downs" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<collectingRegion id="2FA294693F11673F0723FF2E6D86C9AF">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
:
<locationDeviation id="8E589CFD8F5D1BB674EAA0CB2285F7E9">25 km W</locationDeviation>
<location id="EE5CD48E448B38A60DEFECAE7275D57E" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:E953A0E9642E4033776C0FABDB456E55" country="Australia" name="Tempe Downs" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Tempe Downs</location>
,
<collectingDate id="306C8105F5BF41EBC569D4599732E234" day="20" month="05" value="1997-05-20" year="1997">20. v. 1997</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="A9CD0D6FD48B09DDEDBB070DC2105D18">J. &amp; J. Schapel</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="502066A4F5A35CF4F2893B7454E95C58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639204" collectingDate="1981-07-16" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Larrimah" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<location id="C7FF0248648C1A080A148C41C2B8C231" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:EE5AA39710B2AB65521122238A6A1391" country="Australia" name="Larrimah" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Larrimah</location>
,
<collectingDate id="8F59F135CB57284136DF68A500AEA014" day="16" month="07" value="1981-07-16" year="1981">16. vii. 1981</collectingDate>
&amp;
<collectingDate id="BC969E48B75AFBA5328FD9B1B0D2D8E1" day="28" month="06" value="1985-06-28" year="1985">28. vi. 1985</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="0B7F1A93C3F199441B141D996F23134F">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="30E517EF34414C16FB1AD9D9EA3A4D6F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639209" collectingDate="1986-05-18" collectorName="P. J. M. Greenslade" country="Australia" location="Tanami Desert" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<location id="AE13F2FCC5017B7086B26542B079A25C" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:990571156FA07F975D4F564459F3332D" country="Australia" name="Tanami Desert" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Tanami Desert</location>
,
<collectingDate id="9CFE6D74BF435422A54FEAE9DAB3130A" day="18" month="05" value="1986-05-18" year="1986">18. v. 1986</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="2E3EF9F59546353DA1F866F8FD62633A">P. J. M. Greenslade</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D1C5BA23924711731AC8BE69095B5B91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639205" collectingDate="1983-05-10" collectorName="P. J. M. Greenslade" country="Australia" location="Jabiru" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<locationDeviation id="4362902E665B362808AD729C050601D7">Alligator Rivers area</locationDeviation>
,
<location id="F400E4C3974A291B786DB1DBC71D9853" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:CC6BCAC963B46B2066D9551BDB89DE42" country="Australia" name="Jabiru" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Jabiru</location>
,
<collectingDate id="88AE025C1F6E8DB9CDF0C5BA1BEE7552" day="10" month="05" value="1983-05-10" year="1983">10. v. 1983</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="686B26F6C3964316AAC9205EFE2103CF">P. J. M. Greenslade</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="91B2AD25E8EF2B81D10C89A9CBFE7E3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639197" collectingDate="1981-07-24" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Three Ways" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<locationDeviation id="30CCED99F3EE4ECA9B5B2D4BA23F347A">60 km E</locationDeviation>
<location id="AFEBB9F97941481CE3478AB145606DE0" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:FBC6D4F726EDD6195F96700C113FBA1E" country="Australia" name="Three Ways" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Three Ways</location>
,
<collectingDate id="39FF922CC9C3308B6EE787DF4273387E" day="24" month="07" value="1981-07-24" year="1981">24. vii. 1981</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="E95AF4FCA27177373EBA2829307CB676">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="1B0E6D2C0968581F54CBA7D53B4CBA7C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639218" collectingDate="1977-10-25" collectorName="P. J. M. Greenslade" country="Australia" location="Manbulloo" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<location id="A0163BE1A0E3E28ECE1BFD9C60E6C478" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:F3B66C5321FD8E9050899273CF1C6822" country="Australia" name="Manbulloo" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Manbulloo</location>
<locationDeviation id="C53FC17CF940C039674C030F0A60AF50">SW Katherine</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingDate id="6ADA05D1AB062DF0C594C4E6E951A0D5" day="25" month="10" value="1977-10-25" year="1977">25. x. 1977</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="A52900C341F1D7021CEEBC3042BC0CD2">P. J. M. Greenslade</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="9E9A844A4205843E0C96F1601082DC3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639212" collectingDate="1981-07-16" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Elliot" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<location id="B4C2E8D0CF9ACF98CAC24A48A2580998" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:353BFA6E2144B5A18A12090D05CCFE2A" country="Australia" name="Elliot" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Elliot</location>
,
<location id="0917DD03C37A4D73F8A683F5A741435F" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:F920CF07543F35D0E440A6459D32727B" country="Australia" name="Stuart H'way" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Stuart H'way</location>
,
<collectingDate id="FE76F9FA33FDDC90B7B8996CC88965B6" day="16" month="07" value="1981-07-16" year="1981">16. vii. 1981</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="5C6BFCCCBC220DA1D935984F3F4BDC26">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="1137C68309BAD37A40F324610D723C85" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639210" collectingDate="1981-09-14" collectorName="D. Davidson &amp; S. Morton" country="Australia" location="Wave Hill" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<locationDeviation id="CBA183737B8AECF2D46D2AF3C345AC04">40 km N</locationDeviation>
<location id="E58B9AFCD87AB95E8F1B8736FA75DF5F" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:DE474C77AF83B7AD988B06279FE057E6" country="Australia" name="Wave Hill" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Wave Hill</location>
,
<collectingDate id="584348A368C568B195069866EFADC72F" day="14" month="09" value="1981-09-14" year="1981">14. ix. 1981</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="B3A4FFA2FA27B8455CAB0AEAE3A73965">D. Davidson &amp; S. Morton</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="50EFF9C7981CAD444916554B2CCB28E4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639208" collectingDate="2003-07-06" collectorName="R. R. Snelling" country="Australia" location="Davenport Ra. Rd. at Bonney Creek" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<location id="3A7192C70116FDB54D49AA1122433C41" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:3350BF3780D1DC191A3DB5BFEEC5E7BD" country="Australia" name="Davenport Ra. Rd. at Bonney Creek" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Davenport Ra. Rd. at Bonney Creek</location>
,
<collectingDate id="80E750ED21C1193171E55F8A49A5D4A9" day="06" month="07" value="2003-07-06" year="2003">6. vii. 2003</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="F7ABBC2E1F42023756140E6F7017D5E6">R. R. Snelling</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="90A264A5B982692404BEE86F97F2C08E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639241" collectingDate="1997-04-30" collectorName="A. Salvarani" country="Australia" location="Kidman Springs" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
<location id="D0EDB96E0E78B9D6B6F7079FE3FBEF51" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:B02557606566C5CEFBD7F49483CC1477" country="Australia" name="Kidman Springs" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Kidman Springs</location>
,
<collectingDate id="176190E807790CE95CC0B7CCE9090870" day="30" month="04" value="1997-04-30" year="1997">23 - 30. iv. 1997</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="ADC28358F98B2DA204FBFAB30F42F451">A. Salvarani</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="DDC078F541BE25767DB1C81CEBD2EA3D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639247" collectingDate="1981-07-25" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Camooweal" stateProvince="Queensland">
<collectingRegion id="82BA0C53E685FE36C598CAD9BC2A6440">Queensland</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="D146A236871AABE627D39BA66BBE0B30" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:167A99F312070F7428D4A774FEAAB324" country="Australia" name="Camooweal" stateProvince="Queensland">Camooweal</location>
,
<collectingDate id="4D7A57C521DC4F321B09BAF7CD50EBCF" day="25" month="07" value="1981-07-25" year="1981">25. vii. 1981</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="28FA28227ABA41823CAFCA9BF0B4861B">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="81CDEA6C2A9E9BC3019FC853BE2187BF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639240" collectingDate="1983-08-12" collectorName="P. S. Ward" country="Australia" location="Ebagoola" stateProvince="Queensland">
<locationDeviation id="3AF2091CA0DE28BDF4EE4A3D400242A3">19 km N</locationDeviation>
<location id="67BA13CB9FABF4249E0CFE33444C30A8" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:DC04EC62C0CDBF81B27A25FF050016B1" country="Australia" name="Ebagoola" stateProvince="Queensland">Ebagoola</location>
,
<collectingDate id="82E88C59FC8EE7396725ECFE3E551583" day="12" month="08" value="1983-08-12" year="1983">12. viii. 1983</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="EA929081ADE0241F1CC0427C92358FBB">P. S. Ward</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="59C940C06E4B10C9DFAD9BA1B2A429D0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639228" collectingDate="1958-08-11" collectorName="E. M. Exley" country="Australia" location="Moreton Teleg. Stn." stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="590405B37F4C4290A2301B5ABA653C81" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:28FCFD5876179B59283F225254AB37CF" country="Australia" name="Moreton Teleg. Stn." stateProvince="Queensland">Moreton Teleg. Stn.</location>
,
<collectingDate id="DE4B14CB53BFBB708970C75F6A28333A" day="11" month="08" value="1958-08-11" year="1958">11. viii. 1958</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="962ED56B2B6429E5CC30EDDDB3FF03A1">E. M. Exley</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="8E79076AE8731C69E7BF95093D4AE94D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639233" collectorName="Staudinger" country="Australia" location="Cooktown" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="3BB0CBF8A82F59A14440359C802FB69E" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:F945A3325F7307FFF1FC8A54CC9B0E33" country="Australia" name="Cooktown" stateProvince="Queensland">Cooktown</location>
(
<collectorName id="124CF1E7E77DCE23A120412775944BB5">Staudinger</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="2CBE26563C80C0E2E2E23558F09D049B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639242" collectingDate="1980-05-12" collectorName="B. B. Lowery" country="Australia" location="Mt. Isa Gorge Ck." stateProvince="Queensland">
<locationDeviation id="B736EAC5EE363F461B233D1B14AA2F7F">10 km E</locationDeviation>
<location id="1A307189F31FF1DCE3EAA0A08EE1DC20" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:4E965607F51578F87AAFC2BE5769D3B6" country="Australia" name="Mt. Isa Gorge Ck." stateProvince="Queensland">Mt. Isa Gorge Ck.</location>
,
<collectingDate id="1CBBC1A31FE6CAB4673385457C349559" day="12" month="05" value="1980-05-12" year="1980">12. v. 1980</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="7796C3028F053E5EABCDBE6C24F1D5D4">B. B. Lowery</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="91FE141E8A7DF88C0068B024F6D348D8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639227" collectingDate="1980-06-04" collectorName="P. J. M. Greenslade" country="Australia" location="Sandringham" stateProvince="Queensland">
<locationDeviation id="614CCA0380853D579DF984C866972847">SW</locationDeviation>
<location id="A4537BB4CC41682BDA583675A21548B7" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:620E00BAABE561F3B14DEC4B3FDBCA08" country="Australia" name="Sandringham" stateProvince="Queensland">Sandringham</location>
,
<collectingDate id="F38539FE5B82395484242D6F3BE1A4B1" day="04" month="06" value="1980-06-04" year="1980">4. vi. 1980</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="5ED654A57A81E32F40EC745B39657819">P. J. M. Greenslade</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="92660DF94EA30803069CC3712C923CB3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639232" collectorName="Mjoeberg" country="Australia" location="Alice River" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="BAF59DD3C9451977092EE37C41FD18CE" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:20A9A934D21B58AE1C8B61E05F358A19" country="Australia" name="Alice River" stateProvince="Queensland">Alice River</location>
(
<collectorName id="A31024EE1B81CAB6B59D29D36C969119">Mjoeberg</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="C20B71AAF4048629931F0E2417D78E92" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639224" collectingDate="2002-05-09" collectorName="S. G. Wright" country="Australia" location="Gubberamunda" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="35B8B7300FDB17E423A01B320975099F" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:41014AB37863196C247F74D19616EF17" country="Australia" name="Gubberamunda" stateProvince="Queensland">Gubberamunda</location>
,
<collectingDate id="DFEA97FBE752FDAE1C85BB695BA2EB4E" day="09" month="05" value="2002-05-09" year="2002">7. - 9. v. 2002</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="20B524C87FC90DAD90AEA264B8C1F5B0">S. G. Wright</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="E674B0E2AB9664BAE4C0D44A41B1C45F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416639246" collectingDate="2001-04" collectionCode="ANIC, LACM, MCZC, NHMW, QMBA, SAMA, UQIC" collectorName="T. Beutel" country="Australia" location="Gumbardo" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="0C949CDD40EACD57A6B18C1BC78B3627" LSID="plazi:F1E74ECB2C535FB1542C026D388E0576:697ED3F8FFDA65D6836E7F636D900427" country="Australia" name="Gumbardo" stateProvince="Queensland">Gumbardo</location>
,
<collectingDate id="422678A810B7104AA19B81D641F0D0D2" month="04" value="2001-04" year="2001">iv. 2001</collectingDate>
(
<collectorName id="F12A1E12A69CDFD7C6CB5188AAD4F017">T. Beutel</collectorName>
). (104 workers, 3 gynes in
<collectionCode id="DFAFA4A31AD34EA8C51F0446A8D2D0AC" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="83A54FE97F28034D679FFBFAB0FFC884" collectionName="USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History">LACM</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="4281D91AAFEE996C1462C32689463D26" collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology">MCZC</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="159EB52691F9E18A04AB81815445292E" collectionName="Austria, Wien, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien">NHMW</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="4C63382506A4F07F0F5C16768FAB41F3" collectionName="Australia, Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland Museum">QMBA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="652DB72F1ECB2F8E1E971A92AE230E4D" collectionName="Australia, South Australia, Adelaide, South Australian Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="35FF099155DCDE1DA9B848C935BB7F81" collectionName="Australia, Queensland, St. Lucia, University of Queensland">UQIC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5224550FAAE0C9C3CEBF2E6A10F580D7" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AC9BF10E0480C25409C42D41840DA35F" pageNumber="379">DISCUSSION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="60E6F0F4A86356B09198D1C6A7EE5AED" pageNumber="379">
<taxonomicName id="EBE5DF13AB5D645646C5B42ABC4255B6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:30652" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Meranoplus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Meranoplus unicolor Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="379" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">M. unicolor</taxonomicName>
is a variable taxon, in particular with regard to the clypeal projection and the petiolar shape. Nonetheless, the clypeal structure in addition to the distinct gastral striation should leave no doubt as to the identity of the taxon. Additional material is needed to show whether more than a single taxon is involved. Occuring from Kimberley over central Australia to the north-east coast of Queensland; missing in southern Australia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

423
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<taxonomicName LSID="4AD273D4-1AEC-500A-A388-C9F631BD3C25" authority="Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961" authorityName="Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus biharensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biharensis">Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408834" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figs 2I</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">, 6</figureCitation>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus horsfieldi subsp. var var. glabratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="horsfieldi" subSpecies="var" variety="glabratus">Henicospilus horsfieldi var glabratus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Morley, C" journalOrPublisher="British Museum, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B39" refString="Morley, C, 1913. The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma, Hymenoptera (Vol. 3). Ichneumonidae. British Museum, London" title="The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma, Hymenoptera (Vol. 3). Ichneumonidae." year="1913">Morley 1913</bibRefCitation>
: 395; holotype ♀, India, NHMUK, examined; junior secondary homonym of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus glabratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabratus">Enicospilus glabratus</taxonomicName>
(Say, 1835).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus biharensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biharensis">Enicospilus biharensis</taxonomicName>
Townes, Townes and Gupta 1961: 271; replacement name for
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus horsfieldi subsp. var. var. glabratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="horsfieldi" subSpecies="var." variety="glabratus">Henicospilus horsfieldi var. glabratus</taxonomicName>
Morley, 1913.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rao &amp; Nikam" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus (Bicorniata) bicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicornis" subGenus="Bicorniata">Enicospilus (Bicorniata) bicornis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Rao, SN" journalOrPublisher="Marathwada University Journal of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="177 - 179" refId="B50" refString="Rao, SN, Nikam, PK, 1971a. Studies on Indian parasitic Hymenoptera (Ichneumonidae) from Marathwada VII. Subfamily Ophioninae. Marathwada University Journal of Sciences 10: 177 - 179" title="Studies on Indian parasitic Hymenoptera (Ichneumonidae) from Marathwada VII. Subfamily Ophioninae." volume="10" year="1971 a">Rao and Nikam 1971a</bibRefCitation>
: 177; holotype ♀, India, MUC; synonymised by
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1980.10433632" author="Nikam, PK" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insect" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" pagination="131 - 219" refId="B41" refString="Nikam, PK, 1980. Studies on Indian species of Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Oriental Insect 14 (2): 131 - 219, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1980.10433632" title="Studies on Indian species of Enicospilus Stephens (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.1980.10433632" volume="14" year="1980">Nikam (1980</bibRefCitation>
: 149).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<specimenCount type="female">11♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" country="Nepal" location="Nepal" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="11" specimenCount-male="1">
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount type="female">10♀♀</specimenCount>
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
),
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Type series:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-01-01" collectingDateMax="2020-12-31" collectingDateMin="2020-01-01" collectorName="Morley, Townes, Gupta" country="India" location="Chapra" municipality="Type" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Bihar" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName authority="" authorityName="" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Henicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Henicospilus horsfieldi subsp. var var. glabratus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="horsfieldi" subSpecies="var" variety="glabratus">Henicospilus horsfieldi var glabratus</taxonomicName>
<collectorName>Morley</collectorName>
, 1913 (=
<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus biharensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biharensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus biharensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectorName>Townes</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Townes</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Gupta</collectorName>
, 1961),
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion country="India" name="Bihar">Bihar</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:5B75A7DC5934E5B77B6E626BFE8AB673" country="India" municipality="Type" name="Chapra" stateProvince="Bihar">Chapra</location>
,
<collectingCountry name="India">India</collectingCountry>
(NHMUK,
<collectingMunicipality>Type</collectingMunicipality>
3b.1266)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Non-type series:
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-07-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen, Figs" country="Nepal" elevation="900" location="Dotslghst" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:AAE41EEF0C2CEB8EACC2E8B88ADD6B06" country="Nepal" name="Dotslghst">Dotslghst</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-07-07">7.VII.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectorName>Figs</collectorName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408834" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">2I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1981-08" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:1A2CDD0EB07BBC53196858DD6578180E" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
(4,300′),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1981-08">VIII.1981</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1982-10" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1300" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:145FD9722CF90344568D883A464F7658" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="m" value="1300.0">1,300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1982-10">X.1982</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1350" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:287ACB836CAD8CA940B3877B7CFE41FC" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1350.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" unit="m" value="1350.0">1,350 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-07">VII.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-09" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1400" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:266169802117222D856ECA7D0BCB0797" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">1,400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-09">IX.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-03" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1500" location="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:6B9AE9A10117C637E985AB722B1F71C3" country="Nepal" name="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1,500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-03">III.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-06" collectorName="B. Embassy, M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="1390" location="Sec. Vegetation" municipality="Kathmandu" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:5D02C0DB42383AC606B90B97601F9998" country="Nepal" municipality="Kathmandu" name="Sec. Vegetation">Sec. Vegetation</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" unit="m" value="1390.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" unit="m" value="1390.0">1,390 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectorName>B. Embassy</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Kathmandu</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-06">VI.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg. (LT)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-07-07" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" elevation="900" location="Dolalghat" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2">
<specimenCount type="female">2♀♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:8050807C5244EBF3BFD86D9B77758849" country="Nepal" name="Dolalghat">Dolalghat</location>
(
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-07-07">7.VII.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1983-09-24" collectorName="M. G. Allen" country="Nepal" location="Chautara" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD273D41AEC500AA388C9F631BD3C25:02FE3039BA5FD1D2E630A54E27B9DF2D" country="Nepal" name="Chautara">Chautara</location>
(6,000′),
<collectingCountry name="Nepal">Nepal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingDate value="1983-09-24">24.IX.1983</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>M.G. Allen</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
(all NHMUK).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental regions (
<bibRefCitation author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Entomological Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" publicationUrl="http://www.taxapad.com" refId="B82" refString="Yu, DSK, van Achterberg, C, Horstmann, K, 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario. http://www.taxapad.com" title="Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015 Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario." url="http://www.taxapad.com" year="2016">Yu et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Gauld, ID" journalOrPublisher="CAB, Slough" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" refId="B27" refString="Gauld, ID, Mitchell, PA, 1981. The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae. CAB, Slough" title="The Taxonomy, Distribution and Host Preferences of Indo-Papuan Parasitic Wasps of the Subfamily Ophioninae." year="1981">Gauld and Mitchell (1981)</bibRefCitation>
recorded this species from Nepal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6B-D</figureCitation>
): GOI = 2.5-3.2; lower face 0.6-0.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as high; clypeus almost flat in profile, its lower margin acute; mandible moderately twisted by 30-40°, moderately long, evenly strongly tapered, its outer surface without a diagonal structure; upper mandibular tooth 1.2-1.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as lower one; posterior ocellus almost touching eye; antenna with 53-64 flagellomeres and 20th flagellomere 1.7-2.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6E</figureCitation>
): mesopleuron densely punctate to closely longitudinally punctostriate; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae reaching posterior end and convergent posteriorly; metapleuron densely punctate; propodeum declivous, its posterior area moderately reticulate, outer margin of propodeal spiracle not joining pleural carina by a ridge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Wings</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6F</figureCitation>
): fore wing with AI = 0.6-0.7, CI = 0.3-0.5, ICI = 0.7-0.8, SDI = 1.2-1.4; fore wing vein 1m-cu&amp;M evenly curved, 2r&amp;RS almost straight; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell of fore wing as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6F</figureCitation>
; fenestra of fore wing not long and its anterodistal corner distinctly separated from proximal end of vein RS; proximal sclerite linear, separated from or vestigially confluent with distal one, weakly pigmented; central sclerite absent; distal sclerite present proximally, vestigial to moderately strong distally; proximal corner of marginal cell of fore wing uniformly setose; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&amp;RS by 0.2-0.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1cu-a length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Colour</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6</figureCitation>
): body including interocellar area entirely testaceous; wings hyaline to slightly infuscate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="69" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus biharensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biharensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus biharensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. maruyamanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="maruyamanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. maruyamanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. nikami" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="nikami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. nikami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. pudibundae" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pudibundae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pudibundae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. transversus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="transversus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. transversus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. maruyamanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="maruyamanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. maruyamanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. nikami" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="nikami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. nikami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. transversus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="transversus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. transversus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the evenly curved fore wing vein 1m-cu&amp;M (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Enicospilus biharensis Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">6F</figureCitation>
) (more or less sinuous in
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. maruyamanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="maruyamanus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. maruyamanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. nikami" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="nikami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. nikami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. transversus" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="transversus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. transversus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, e.g. as in Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Enicospilus nikami Shimizu sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408851" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">19F</figureCitation>
), and from
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. nikami" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="nikami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. nikami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. pudibundae" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pudibundae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pudibundae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the proximally complete pectination of the hind tarsal claw (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408834" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">2I</figureCitation>
) (proximally incomplete in
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. nikami" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="nikami">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. nikami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and
<taxonomicName genus="E." lsidName="E. pudibundae" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" rank="species" species="pudibundae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E. pudibundae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/dez.67.51332.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/408838" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Enicospilus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Enicospilus biharensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biharensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">Enicospilus biharensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Townes, Townes &amp; Gupta, 1961, ♀.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">A.</emphasis>
Habitus;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">B.</emphasis>
Head, frontal view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">C.</emphasis>
Head, lateral view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">D.</emphasis>
Head, dorsal view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">E.</emphasis>
Mesosoma, lateral view;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="69">F.</emphasis>
Central part of fore wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" ID-ZooBank="A1129EE50F9941CFB73AE771B66E2486" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1142-1" checkinTime="1674655519517" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tongkerd, Piyoros, Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn, Inkhavilay, Khamla, Prasankok, Pongpun, Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai, Panha, Somsak &amp; Sutcharit, Chirasak" docDate="2023" docId="4AD27BA693EF5C3C8227360D6DFFE297" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1142: 1-144" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1142" docPubDate="2023-01-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097" docTitle="Rhiostoma cheliopegma Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="99F7CC56-90BD-46F2-B082-2EC1650567CC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1D4BDF04F72B59B9984E00D0B4FB338D" masterDocTitle="Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species" masterLastPageNumber="144" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1674655519517" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Systematic revision of the snorkel snail genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 (Gastropoda, Caenogastropoda, Cyclophoridae) with descriptions of new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tumpeesuwan, Sakboworn</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand &amp; Present address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Inkhavilay, Khamla</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, P. O. Box 7322, Dongdok, Vientiane, Laos</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Prasankok, Pongpun</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">somsak.pan@chula.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2023-01-24</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:99F7CC56-90BD-46F2-B082-2EC1650567CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4AD27BA693EF5C3C8227360D6DFFE297" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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25.
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/99F7CC56-90BD-46F2-B082-2EC1650567CC" authority="Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan" authorityName="Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma cheliopegma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cheliopegma" status="sp. nov.">Rhiostoma cheliopegma Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Distribution map of Rhiostoma morleti - species group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799902" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 44</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 50</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma cambodjense, specimens CUMZ 4714 from Khao Chakan, Srakeo B Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov., paratype CUMZ CUMZ 3985 / 2 Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong C Rhiostoma gnomus sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4717 from Pha Chu, Na Noi, Nan D Rhiostoma laosense sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 10205 from Tad Muang, Khammouane, Laos." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799911" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 53B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan &amp; Inkhavilay &amp; Prasankok &amp; Jeratthitikul &amp; Panha &amp; Sutcharit, 2023" authorityName="Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan &amp; Inkhavilay &amp; Prasankok &amp; Jeratthitikul &amp; Panha &amp; Sutcharit" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Rhiostoma</taxonomicName>
sp. 4-
<bibRefCitation author="Tumpeesuwan, S" journalOrPublisher="Master Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B175" refString="Tumpeesuwan, S, 2001. Taxonomy of snorkel snails genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 in Thailand. Master Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University" title="Taxonomy of snorkel snails genus Rhiostoma Benson, 1860 in Thailand." year="2001">Tumpeesuwan 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 76-81, figs 4.28-4.30 (in part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
CUMZ 3985/1 (W 18.2 mm, H 10.3; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50A</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paratypes</emphasis>
CUMZ 3985/2 (13 shells; Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma cambodjense, specimens CUMZ 4714 from Khao Chakan, Srakeo B Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov., paratype CUMZ CUMZ 3985 / 2 Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong C Rhiostoma gnomus sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4717 from Pha Chu, Na Noi, Nan D Rhiostoma laosense sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 10205 from Tad Muang, Khammouane, Laos." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799911" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53B</figureCitation>
), CUMZ 4470 (55 adults + 14 juveniles), CUMZ 4853 (10 shells; Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50F</figureCitation>
), NHMUK 20220446 (5 shells), and SMF 368681 (5 shells). All paratypes are from the type locality.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 50" startId="F50">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 50.</emphasis>
Shell of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma cheliopegma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cheliopegma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma cheliopegma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
holotype CUMZ 3985/1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
paratypes CUMZ 3985/2 from type locality
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
specimen CUMZ 4818 and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
specimen CUMZ 4871
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Isolated limestone hill at Tham Takien, Khao Chamao District, Rayong Province, Thailand (
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.0" value="13.091666">13°05'30.0&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.7" value="101.6077">101°36'27.7&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" country="Thailand" location="Tham Neramit Bureau of Monks" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chonburi">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: Khao Cha-Ang Oun, Bo Thong,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 3809, 3818, 3861, 3984, 4377, 4448, 4461, 4755/1, 4886, 10053, 10054, 10055, 10057, 10058, 10060. Khao Cha-Ang, Bo Thong,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4755/2, 4824, 4847, 4865. Khao Ha Yot, Bo Thong,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4833, 10052, 10059, 10082. Khao Tham Mi, Bo Thong,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 10081. Tham Khao Prathun, Bo Thong,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4860. Wat Pluang Thong, Bo Thong,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Chon Buri">Chonburi</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4354, 4355, 4357, 4360. Tham Khao Bost, Khao Chamao,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4884/2.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD27BA693EF5C3C8227360D6DFFE297:5D89BCBF593E4322B82D010375649CBF" country="Thailand" name="Tham Neramit Bureau of Monks" stateProvince="Chonburi">Tham Neramit Bureau of Monks</location>
, Khao Chamao,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4468, 4876. Wat Ma Diea, Tham Khao Loy, Khao Chamao,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4467, 4469, 4815, 4818 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50D</figureCitation>
), 4871 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50E</figureCitation>
), 10083. Wat Tham Wattana Mongkon, Khao Chamao,
<collectingRegion country="Thailand" name="Rayong">Rayong</collectingRegion>
: CUMZ 4864
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell small, depressed, and without detached whorl. Peristome multi-layered; lip thickened; breathing device notch-shaped. Shell colour usually uniformly reddish to dark brown. Operculum calcareous, thick, tall cup-shaped, and multispiral.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This new species is superficially similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and the two species are distributed in nearby geographical areas in eastern Thailand.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Tongkerd &amp; Tumpeesuwan" authorityYear="2023" class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Rhiostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhiostoma cheliopegma" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cheliopegma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Rhiostoma cheliopegma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by a sub-discoidal shell, a uniform or blotched reddish brown colour pattern, apertural lip thickened, and expanded tall cup-shaped operculum. For comparison,
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a heliciform shell, uniformly brownish or yellowish shell, apertural lip thin, and low cup-shaped operculum. In addition, the COI barcoding in this study suggests separating these two species (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree showing the relationships among Rhiostoma species based on 660 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene sequence. The major nodes are indicated by numbers as the Maximum likelihood (ML) bootstrap values and Bayesian posterior probabilities of Bayesian inference (BI), respectively. Nodes with sufficient support by both ML and BI are indicated by black circles, and nodes with partial support by only ML are indicated by grey circles, and only BI by white circles. Newly described species in this study are highlighted in blue." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799861" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Shell small, width 17.1-20.0 mm, height 5.8-11.5 mm, thickened, and sub-discoidal shape. Apex acute with dark colouration; spire slightly elevated. Whorls 4 to 5, convex, increasing regularly; suture wide and shallow; last whorl rounded. Shell surface nearly smooth with fine growth lines. Periostracum thin, corneous, and transparent. Shell colour usually uniformly reddish to dark brownish (rarely with albinistic forms), sometimes with unclear patterns; with narrow dark brown spiral band on periphery. Detached whorl usually absent. Peristome circular and double; lip thickened, expanded and multi-layered. Aperture opened sub-laterally. Breathing device notch-shaped; outer lip protruding, with narrow groove; inner lip with shallow to deep incision. Umbilicus widely opened and deep. Operculum calcareous, thickened, tall and cup-shaped, and multispiral (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 50" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Figure 50. Shell of Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov. A holotype CUMZ 3985 / 1 from Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong B, C paratypes CUMZ 3985 / 2 from type locality D, E from Tham Khao Loi, Khao Chamao, Rayong D specimen CUMZ 4818 and E specimen CUMZ 4871 F paratype CUMZ 4853 from type locality with albinistic shell form." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure50" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799908" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">50</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Teeth arrangement and shape are similar to those of
<taxonomicName lsidName="R. cambodjense" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cambodjense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">R. cambodjense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Central tooth with large central cusp and two lateral cusps on each side. Lateral teeth have four cusps: central cusp large, triangular, and flanked by two small inner cusps and one outer cusp. Marginal teeth each consisting of three pointed cusps (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="F53" captionText="Figure 53. Radula morphology A Rhiostoma cambodjense, specimens CUMZ 4714 from Khao Chakan, Srakeo B Rhiostoma cheliopegma sp. nov., paratype CUMZ CUMZ 3985 / 2 Tham Takien, Khao Chamao, Rayong C Rhiostoma gnomus sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 4717 from Pha Chu, Na Noi, Nan D Rhiostoma laosense sp. nov. specimen CUMZ 10205 from Tad Muang, Khammouane, Laos." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799911" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">53B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The species name
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">cheliopegma</emphasis>
is derived from two Greek words
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">cheilos</emphasis>
meaning lip or rim, and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">pegma</emphasis>
meaning thickened. This name refers to the strongly thickened apertural lip, which is the distinct character of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
This new subspecies is known from several isolated limestone hills in Chonburi and Rayong provinces, eastern Thailand (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Distribution map of Rhiostoma morleti - species group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799902" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">44</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Despite the COI barcoding seeming to show two subclades (Chonburi and Rayong populations) within this species (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree showing the relationships among Rhiostoma species based on 660 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene sequence. The major nodes are indicated by numbers as the Maximum likelihood (ML) bootstrap values and Bayesian posterior probabilities of Bayesian inference (BI), respectively. Nodes with sufficient support by both ML and BI are indicated by black circles, and nodes with partial support by only ML are indicated by grey circles, and only BI by white circles. Newly described species in this study are highlighted in blue." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1142.90097.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/799861" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3</figureCitation>
). We assign them as conspecific due to the indistinguishable shell form and breathing device and their geographical proximity in eastern Thailand. Therefore, more effort should be paid to additional molecular markers, and morphometric analyses are required to determine whether these distinct subclades should be recognised as a distinct taxon.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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[
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<paragraph pageNumber="107">C. caerulea, dorso rubro, remigibus nigris.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="107">
Corvus dorso sanguineo, remigibus nigris, rectricibus viridibus.
<emphasis italics="true">Fn. svec.</emphasis>
73.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="107">
Cornix caerulea.
<emphasis italics="true">Gesn. av.</emphasis>
335.
<emphasis italics="true">Aldr. ornith. l.</emphasis>
12.
<emphasis italics="true">c.</emphasis>
18. &amp; 5.
<emphasis italics="true">Will. orn.</emphasis>
85.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
20.
</paragraph>
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Garrulus argentoratensis.
<emphasis italics="true">Raj. av.</emphasis>
41.
<emphasis italics="true">Edw. av.</emphasis>
109.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
109.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageNumber="107">
<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Europa,
<emphasis italics="true">victitans Scarabaeis, Ranis.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="9EA5B9DCCC08AEBC1D8AE5AD64A288E0" pageNumber="12">min. Tunisie (3 [[ queen ]]. Reitter!); Perse septentr., Sud de ville de Meschched, Torok - Bjardzu, 1 [[ worker ]], 28. III. 1898 (Zarudny!).</paragraph>
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8.
<taxonomicName authority="Lugo-Ortiz &amp; McCafferty, 1999" authorityName="Lugo-Ortiz &amp; McCafferty" authorityYear="1999" class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Labiobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labiobaetis petersorum" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersorum">Labiobaetis petersorum (Lugo-Ortiz &amp; McCafferty, 1999)</taxonomicName>
Figures 16, 64b
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<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Larva. Following combination of characters: A) labrum dorsal arc of setae composed of one plus 6-7 long, simple setae; B) both mandibles with outermost denti
<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">cle</pageBreakToken>
blade-like; C) labial palp as Fig. 16c, segment II with short thumb-like distomedial protuberance; D) fore femur broad, length 2.6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximum width, dorsal margin with a row of&gt;40 curved, spine-like setae; E) spines at posterior margin of tergum IV triangular, pointed, longer than wide; F) paraproct distally not expanded.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Figure 16.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Baetidae" genus="Labiobaetis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labiobaetis petersorum" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petersorum">Labiobaetis petersorum</taxonomicName>
, larva morphology: a Right mandible b Left mandible c Labial palp d
<taxonomicName genus="Tergum" lsidName="Tergum" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">Tergum</taxonomicName>
IV.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Examined material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Paratypes. 4 nymphs (on slides, PERC 0 012 564, PERC 0 012 565, PERC 0 012 566, PERC 0 012 567), Papua New Guinea, Bulolo R, 2950 ft, E of Wau, 15 Oct 1964, W.L. and J.G. Peters.</paragraph>
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<document id="A9D8AB46DFA868DE97B9C969F0D3E336" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.733.22021" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b3769dec-b557-4f35-b5dc-c55ae451e43b" ID-PMC="PMC5804288" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-733-99" ID-PubMed="29434485" ID-ZooBank="30D6A4096DC84D42B5CD1912DB4D267E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-733-99" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 733" ModsDocTitle="First records of the uristid lysianassoids from Korean waters: redescription of Anonyxabei Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001 and description of Anonyxexilipes sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Uristidae)" checkinTime="1517436533540" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jung, Tae Won, Coleman, Charles Oliver, Kim, Ji Hyung &amp; Yoon, Seong Myeong" docDate="2018" docId="4AD2FB764610B65AB859699916CD1772" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 733: 99-117" docOrigin="ZooKeys 733" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.733.22021" docTitle="Anonyx abei Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="102" masterDocId="FFAD6721FFD37663DD3DFFFD6A45FFD1" masterDocTitle="First records of the uristid lysianassoids from Korean waters: redescription of Anonyxabei Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001 and description of Anonyxexilipes sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Uristidae)" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="100" updateTime="1701316800852" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CAE98851A15E8E6DBD333522CEF13E1F">First records of the uristid lysianassoids from Korean waters: redescription of Anonyxabei Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001 and description of Anonyxexilipes sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Uristidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AC4B1B9F13AAE4CE0400E66F3473E9EA">Jung, Tae Won</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60FE540A28E2B986DEC0CC1E37DB0D00">Coleman, Charles Oliver</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="27041F146050FFF7832EA7F5F00F436A">Kim, Ji Hyung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F8E59A34749E7D56AB6EFFAC6CCD7D8D">Yoon, Seong Myeong</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="4AD2FB764610B65AB859699916CD1772" ID-GBIF-Taxon="150831476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4AD2FB764610B65AB859699916CD1772" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4AD2FB764610B65AB859699916CD1772" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
<subSubSection id="64B0F1FB4C464FF1D6EDFAC861840746" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="62BEB08DF289F32075296530678DF2BC" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="3FBDB89EDAECABED54E9E5CBB580C680" ID-CoL="66VRK" authority="Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001" authorityName="Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru" authorityYear="2001" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001</taxonomicName>
Figs 1, 2, 3, 4
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09E5A92463D13EC36F7B48C0FE73BC3C" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0ACAD37495468418086C5234E311D1F9" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
<taxonomicName id="357B80BFF037B53E8D04EBF6F5CDC64C" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001: 410, figs 6-10.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4716E38D2B9EB5735E9AF97D9B31173C" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7DC4592D9C66256C62B0B304165932CB" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0C62C956F5C0589ABFCD2FB19D6CF3E9" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
One male (9.3 mm) and one female (7.8 mm), NIBRV0000807162, Korea: Jeju-do, Beom Is., 33°
<geoCoordinate id="B42218E9DAD2A5080D4FF8D53ACD2A04" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="12.9945">12.9945N</geoCoordinate>
126°
<geoCoordinate id="D3D6664EFCEA6CF5E7D9C4E4B13C1FF3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="32.215">32.215E</geoCoordinate>
, depth 66 m, 1 Nov 2016, collected by a light trap.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4144D7D635DC670518ED48BA158E6C7" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B43E13340BB68F64C437850215128E3B" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5587C12D3E031C333D07D9AECF03A02A" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Gnathopod 1 subchelate; basis weakly setose anteriorly; propodus posterior margin forming weak lobe together palm posterodistally, palm serrated, defined by one pair of elongate robust setae; dactylus with strong protrusion on inner margin. Gnathopod 2 minutely chelate; propodus subquadrate, with nine robust setae anterodistally, posterodistal corner produced distally with two robust setae, palm short, with small cavity; dactylus anchored at middle of distal margin on propodus, inner margin denticulate. Epimeron 2 posteroventral corner a little produced. Uropod 2 inner and outer rami each with a constriction at insertion point of distal elongate seta on dorsal surface.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="78EE4EAAC3A9E3E0EB8D7D19C133E64B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="102" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" type="description">
<paragraph id="E7D2A2DF77909E25685EEDADB96ECEB7" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Description of male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B588D6CED03883256476E06348A0C1C" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Head (Fig. 1B). Lateral cephalic lobes expanded anteriorly, subtriangular, apex rounded; eye large, pyriform, occupying most of anterior part of head, composed of numerous small ommatidia.</paragraph>
<caption id="16A00FC7D2AB959CECCCF0B9DC4DF4AE" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
<paragraph id="B0D41CA13E9002896900C4937CD9B4C5" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
Figure 1.
<taxonomicName id="7C09323A503FFC05A1B406457EBDAA32" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001, male, NIBRV0000807162, 9.3 mm. A habitus B head C antenna 1, medial D antenna 2 E right mandible F left mandible. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
<normalizedToken id="19F6499020B654022CAF3D4B2E29A93A" originalValue="B–E">B-E</normalizedToken>
), 0.5 mm (A).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="97E2D3007CC50509F57C6DD1A2E1805B" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Antenna 1 (Fig. 1C) distinctly shorter than antenna 2; peduncle 1st article largest, weakly expanded; accessory flagellum composed of five articles, 1st article longest, with five robust setae on posterior margin; flagellum 1st article distinctly elongate, with one robust seta at posterodistal corner, 2nd article with one pair of robust setae at posterodistal corner, calceoli present from 3rd article.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="595D043DE1B209218709FC086B361AA5" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
Antenna 2 (Fig. 1A, D) elongate, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="90DB99CD25113A99F9D8D7D9B9F1A6E4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as body; gland cone developed but apex blunt; peduncle 4th, 5th articles expanded distally, setose on anterior margin; flagellum composed of 34 articles; calceoli present anterodistally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="02B41135F24E453579DF16A69F489930" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
Mandible (Fig. 1E, F) incisor smooth, but bearing blunt denticles on both sides; lacinia mobilis present on left side only, narrowly cylindrical (finger-like), slender; three small raker setae and a patch of short setules present between raker setae and molar processes; molar process not triturative, flap-shaped, densely pubescent, lateral setigerous crest present; palp composed of three articles, attached nearly at level of molar process; 2nd article longest, with an oblique row of ten setae distally; 3rd article falcate, 0.8
<normalizedToken id="D4F6565DE44F69D8EA0F8A672B8E0294" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as 2nd article, inner margin lined with setae, apex with four setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC4C01E0CE044C8C270CA87BBB18BDEC" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Lower lip (Fig. 2A) densely pubescent; inner lobe indistinct.</paragraph>
<caption id="04CB38CABABE8F7EEFB842B87178D342" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
<paragraph id="32971906CBAB296C7FE96E3D1EB04104" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName id="972D541EF30861F399A82F5D74BA871C" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001, male, NIBRV0000807162, 9.3 mm. A lower lip B maxilla 1 C maxilla 1 inner lobe D maxilla 2 E maxilliped F maxilliped inner lobe G gnathopod 1 H gnathopod 1 palm and dactylus, enlarged I coxa 1. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (H), 0.1 mm (
<normalizedToken id="03E2143070813018B58DFF1604D5BE6A" originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
), 0.2 mm (G, I).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="DFEEE55D38AC0CF86530A302E624B70B" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Maxilla 1 (Fig. 2B, C) inner lobe short, subquadrate distally, with two plumose setae on blunt apex; outer lobe with eleven toothed setae in 7/4 arrangement; palp bi-articulate, distal article width steady, slightly curved, with eight robust setae on apical margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB3124663DB941178CFD3BD0EDC6A76B" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Maxilla 2 (Fig. 2D) inner lobe reduced, half as long as outer lobe, narrowing distally, with two rows of simple and plumose setae on mediodistal margin (proximal plumose seta longest); outer lobe also narrowing distally and with two setal rows on mediodistal margin.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9583184583A8D0BA64A700FBCE3C4305" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">Maxilliped (Fig. 2E, F) inner lobe subrectangular with one mediodistal row of plumose setae, apex blunt with three nodular setae; outer lobe well developed, subovoid, not beyond palp 3rd article, lined with 16 nodular setae on mediodistal margin (all nodular setae small); palp composed of four articles, 1st article expanded, 2nd article with setae medially, 3rd article slender, 4th article half as long as article 3, apical seta robust, short.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2539A0B43FBB6EFF341AA9EBDAF9BF68" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
Pereon.Gnathopod 1 (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken id="E3C685BA46686629319CEEB2C224EF9E" originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
) subchelate; coxa large, subquadrate, slightly expanded anteroventrally, with one small notch at posteroventral corner; basis 0.7
<normalizedToken id="D1F37961170A218787FCDE016F640336" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as coxa, width nearly steady, anterior margin a little lobate distally, weakly setose; ischium moderate, with one small anterior lobe; merus triangular, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="D25596E66B66A0C455A20480C5A5CF65" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as basis; carpus half as long as basis, convex anteroproximally, carpal lobe blunt, lined with minute setae; propodus 0.9
<normalizedToken id="9CB980B9CF3267272DC3A1961E4506A6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as carpus, gradually diminished distally but forming weak lobe together palm posterodistally, palm distinct, serrated, defined by one pair of elongate robust setae; dactylus falcate, exceeding palm, with strong protrusion on inner margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A3E0FF3FD330133544BAC8482F4C87C" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="101" pageId="1" pageNumber="100">
Gnathopod 2 (Fig. 3
<normalizedToken id="C4E23E4D6FB3BC7E3E3A453BC8B3E188" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
) slender, minutely chelate; coxa subrectangular, slightly divergent ventrally, with one small notch posteroventrally; basis as long as coxa, curved in midway; ischium elongate, 0.6
<normalizedToken id="5A7914555BA30626123AD1168FC3142E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as basis; merus 0.7
<normalizedToken id="9DCF2FFAD133AE41B06037087B936484" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as ischium, with numerous short setae posteriorly, posterodistal corner angular with many elongate setae; carpus 0.7
<normalizedToken id="A66DCA04471B8E28910B3A351D0A7626" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as basis, margins and medial surface covered with numerous short setae, with elongate setae anteriodistally (longest seta exceeding pro
<pageBreakToken id="E40AEC4D5BC02D9BD0F308859D869CD3" pageId="2" pageNumber="101" start="start">podus</pageBreakToken>
), posterior margin distal half also with elongate setae; propodus subquadrate, with nine robust setae anterodistally, posterodistal corner produced distally with two robust setae, palm short, with small cavity; dactylus short, anchored at middle of distal margin on propodus, inner margin denticulate, apex slightly exceeding corner of palm.
</paragraph>
<caption id="AE6C66978E0C7A7C37A7F262E5D80C9E" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
<paragraph id="3222AAA5C54D72509139229171EA7064" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
Figure 3.
<taxonomicName id="164F6EA8F6FB822EC279CE453224EC62" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001, male, NIBRV0000807162, 9.3 mm. A gnathopod 2 B gnathopod 2 plam and dactylus C gnathopod 2 carpus to dactylus, medial D coxa 2 E pereopod 3 F pereopod 3 locking seta G pereopod 4 H pereopod 4 locking seta. Scale bars: 0.05 mm (B, F, H), 0.2 mm (A,
<normalizedToken id="1880A6F81DC0110F2A11B775EFE5A0FC" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
, G).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="EE300E1F26421C9D4889FE1857F96AAB" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
Pereopod 3 (Fig. 3E, F) coxa subrectangular, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="4618192C256D83D50CCA3A45A05EE78E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long, with one small notch posteroventrally; basis 0.6
<normalizedToken id="5935E9C666A44715D363E32041616203" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as coxa, somewhat expanded posterodistally; ischium moderate size, with one small anterior lobe; merus expanded anteriorly, slightly tipped anterodistally; carpus 0.6
<normalizedToken id="63ABCDB9D97AD85D5A93E45BC058B2DE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as merus, not expanded; propodus 1.5
<normalizedToken id="71DF4BB6F913E7AA049D1A63238C5A67" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as carpus, lined with simple setae on posterior margin, with one hooked locking seta posterodistally; dactylus falcate, elongate, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="FD5238056027EE0602A2847F601BFDCD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as propodus, unguis weak.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="501243C4AC3D0BD7D00B225BF3A17E4C" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">Pereopod 4 (Fig. 3G, H) coxa deeper than wide, expanded posteroventrally; other articles nearly similar with those of pereopod 3.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8045AB9F45D2649A8B74693AF21DD4FE" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
Pereopod 5 (Fig. 4A) coxa large, subquadrate, 1.2
<normalizedToken id="5C012B61DBA4FA65E154A2FCD47AF6FA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long, equilobate; basis subovoid, anterior margin rounded, lined with robust setae, with one pair of robust setae anterodistally (one seta elongate), posterior lobe well developed, more expanded proximally, margin somewhat flattened, crenulate, expanded posterodistal corner exceeding ischium; ischium to carpus lined with elongate slender setae and short setae anteriorly; merus expanded posteriorly; carpus subrectangular, narrowing distally, 1.2
<normalizedToken id="099A99BFA05CA9B5D5EEFFD2B496C21B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as merus; propodus linear, 1.3
<normalizedToken id="E7866E0C90CD7F1C888766BAF4811DDC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as carpus, lined with robust setae anteriorly, with one pair of locking setae; dactylus falcate, elongate, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="D0C34FDBBFFB117658BE91B97EB6F35A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as propodus, unguis weak.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3EDB78D91390F3CD1726E37420387DE4" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
<paragraph id="3F93DB6F8031BF8E61C79874567FF346" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
Figure 4.
<taxonomicName id="55E0BB3D2AEE2B3CDBA27EAF1179B794" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="2" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
Takekawa &amp; Ishimaru, 2001, male, NIBRV0000807162, 9.3 mm. A pereopod 5 B pereopod 6 C pereopod 7 D pereopod 7 carpus to dactylus E pleonal epimera 1-3, lateral F uropod 1 G uropod 2 H uropod 2 outer ramus I uropod 2 inner ramus J uropod 3 K telson. Scale bars: 0.2mm (A-D,
<normalizedToken id="FB1C39757DDBF80C824C6608EAA351BD" originalValue="F–K">F-K</normalizedToken>
), 0.5 mm (E).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="21562C7CF1E2ECDBC3763760B86949F4" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
Pereopod 6 (Fig. 4B) longer than pereopod 5; coxa subrectangular, smaller than that of pereopod 5, bilobate, anterior lobe small, posterior lobe more expanded posteroventrally; basis subovoid, 0.7
<normalizedToken id="9E85A24A59EF0271CEECBE223FDFF855" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide as long, 1.1
<normalizedToken id="D45FDBC310C235745158902B93FE69DC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as that of pereopod 5, anterior margin lined with robust setae on distal 2/3 margin, with one pair of robust setae anterodistally (one seta elongate), posterior lobe well developed, margin somewhat flattened, crenulate, expanded posterodistal corner not exceeding ischium; elongate slender setae present from ischium to merus anteriorly; merus subrectangular, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="65892C807A71D86D6C06A3AEB2C3864F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as basis, a little expanded posteriorly, tipped posterodistally; carpus rectangular, not lobate, 1.3
<normalizedToken id="440AC2F60B5EEC72B5C3DF4E2F134181" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as merus, a little curved and slightly diminished distally; propodus slender, as long as carpus, lined with robust setae anteriorly, with one pair of locking setae; dactylus falcate, elongate, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="95B7ACCDEE93FA35429BB077164A4CF4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as propodus, unguis weak.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3BDA7F32803CFCB55709A3CE722E89A" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">
Pereopod 7 (Fig. 4C, D) longer than pereopod 6; coxa unilobate, as large as that of pereopod 6, expanded posteroventrally; basis 1.2
<normalizedToken id="FAB6A02DC5415D1C4F2B0F8E571A3170" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as wide and 1.1
<normalizedToken id="ACC9FC0B7846C08B8B32258DE9062D42" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as that of pereopod 6, anterior margin slightly concaved at the middle, with robust setae on distal 3/4 margin, posterior lobe well developed, margin rounded, not flattened than those of pereopods 6-7; slender setae absent in ischium and merus; merus rectangular, not lobate, 0.3
<normalizedToken id="B0FF9F3C8D35FDB1D352C10AE3296E42" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as basis, weakly produced posterodistally; carpus also rectangular, 1.2
<normalizedToken id="702F9827C66BC89A58B5566115C4B1EB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as merus; propodus slender, 1.1
<normalizedToken id="D2F8ADF5FC3CA07240A347BF113FF753" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as carpus, lined with robust setae anteriorly, with one pair of locking setae; dactylus falcate, elongate, 0.4
<normalizedToken id="FBEE30EF8C0DF309D02A5641AB6FB105" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as propodus, unguis weak.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF27DC340BC317F090E430EB230793A2" pageId="2" pageNumber="101">Pleon.Epimeron 1 weakly produced anteroventrally, rounded posteroventrally. Epimeron 2 larger than epimeron 1, also produced anteroventrally, slightly convex ventrally, posteroventral corner a little produced. Epimeron 3 largest, regularly rounded posteroventrally, posteroventral corner produced backwards. Urosomite 1 with deep dorsal depression and distal carina weak (Fig. 4E).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47229311CA09DE6832B6334D43753D34" pageId="3" pageNumber="102">
<pageBreakToken id="3E9D5208AA86378AF6159F97017C526C" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" start="start">Uropod</pageBreakToken>
1 (Fig. 4F) longest; peduncle 1.2
<normalizedToken id="048B35C9D7E9A43069022BDBD3E97770" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as inner ramus, with eleven robust setae on dorsolateral margin and seven elongate robust setae on dorsomedial margin; rami subequal to each other; inner ramus with four dorsomedial and two dorsolateral robust setae (distal setae on both sides more robust and bearing wrinkly surfaces); outer ramus with three dorsolateral robust setae (distal two setae more robust and bearing wrinkly surfaces).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E9480EF5EABDC8FD2797252E8B7F203" pageId="3" pageNumber="102">
Uropod 2 (Fig. 4
<normalizedToken id="364A229882A0B66CDB76F7266B8D9419" originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
) 0.7
<normalizedToken id="04A09AB025F0CDE63F9CD0984496F97E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as uropod 1; peduncle as long as inner ramus, with six robust setae on dorsolateral margin and three robust setae on dorsomedial margin; inner ramus 1.1
<normalizedToken id="A4B76E852FCA8283D2E82E3F984C3CAE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as outer ramus, with one dorsolateral and two dorsomedial setae, with one constriction at insertion point of distal elongate seta on dorsal surface; outer ramus with three dorsolateral robust setae (with one constriction at insertion point of distal robust seta).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A99C48D27A3D473EDF11CCF6DB554A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="102">
Uropod 3 (Fig. 4J) 0.8
<normalizedToken id="600E7473D3A6B63A970BEAE27F3E6594" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as uropod 2; peduncle 0.7
<normalizedToken id="FEE36F813CEE649BAF2BA5A0391BAAFE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as inner ramus; both rami with plumose setae on medial margin; outer ramus bi-articulate, distal article 0.3
<normalizedToken id="E77369176F7CA085B86E7F0151186F47" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as proximal article; inner ramus as long as inner ramus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="502B7222C06B510600C3BF0EB6F93C0C" pageId="3" pageNumber="102">Telson (Fig. 4K) longer than broad, cleft to about 80%, each lobe with apical notch bearing one pair of robust seta and sensory seta.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CDE540F0390035322769EA18E5907D9C" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="FF7B9EAA2F95F9765FD3EFD1EA38FDFF" pageId="3" pageNumber="102">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B904BDF14ECE3942F0F053A341CB238" pageId="3" pageNumber="102">
The
<taxonomicName id="7063255968B9C6732C36BC25C6227B84" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx nugax" order="Amphipoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nugax">Anonyx nugax</taxonomicName>
group of
<bibRefCitation id="B0A8E609829B1D167BFD4D69FDCC2269" author="Steele, DH" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" pagination="1754 - 1775" title="The genus Anonyx (Crustacea, Amphipoda) in the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans: Anonyxnugax group." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/z82-228" volume="60" year="1982">Steele (1982)</bibRefCitation>
is characterized by the presence of a constriction at the point of insertion of a distal seta which is longer than the proximal setae on the inner ramus of uropod 2.
<bibRefCitation id="0C33C62502739242AE56E6ABF6614B6D" author="Takekawa, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" pagination="405 - 416" title="Two new species of the genus Anonyx (Amphipoda: Gammaridea: Lysianassoidea) from Onagawa Bay, Northeaastern Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.18.405" volume="18" year="2001">Takekawa and Ishimaru (2001)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="B8ACD2568CD3740E4AFDEECACA05F975" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
as a new species from Japanese waters, and they assigned this species to the
<taxonomicName id="8052207F78B89005409ABB6AD7294C40" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx nugax" order="Amphipoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nugax">Anonyx nugax</taxonomicName>
group based on the shape of the inner ramus on uropod 2, as mentioned above.
<taxonomicName id="924291C85F5D83FF765CE6366B941A08" class="Malacostraca" family="Uristidae" genus="Anonyx" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anonyx abei" order="Amphipoda" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abei">Anonyx abei</taxonomicName>
was differentiated from other 13 species included in the
<taxonomicName id="ED06E5E97D76DD52DE61E8CC31C226BF" lsidName="A. nugax" pageId="3" pageNumber="102" rank="species" species="nugax">A. nugax</taxonomicName>
group by the distinctively small projection of the posterodistal corner on epimeron 3 (
<bibRefCitation id="3F645729BC5CEA3195918BD35CE3B991" author="Takekawa, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" pagination="405 - 416" title="Two new species of the genus Anonyx (Amphipoda: Gammaridea: Lysianassoidea) from Onagawa Bay, Northeaastern Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.18.405" volume="18" year="2001">Takekawa and Ishimaru 2001</bibRefCitation>
). As a result of the profound morphological examination, our Korean specimens are also show this character state and other characteristics also agree with the original description of
<bibRefCitation id="79A29B72A772C3B62F662B46B6B2ED48" author="Takekawa, A" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" pagination="405 - 416" title="Two new species of the genus Anonyx (Amphipoda: Gammaridea: Lysianassoidea) from Onagawa Bay, Northeaastern Japan." url="https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.18.405" volume="18" year="2001">Takekawa and Ishimaru (2001)</bibRefCitation>
. However, there are some minor differences between the Korean and Japanese specimens: 1) the accessory flagellum is composed of five articles in Korean specimens (vs. six articles in Japanese specimens), 2) the large teeth on medial edges of incisors are absent in Korean specimens (vs. two and one tooth on left and right mandibles, respectively in Japanese specimens), and 3) there are eight robust setae on the apical margin of the palp of maxilla 1 (vs. six setae in Japanese specimens).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>